Field notes, v1409

Koford, Carl B.

Unknown

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

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Cat Bg #2148 C. B. Koford 1962 Journal Japan to India

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C. Koford 1 Journal - Japan India trip (For NINDB, NIH, to get Rhesus Monkeys) February 1, 1962 Puerto Rico to San Francisco Departed in morning EAL flight 106 to Chicago. Then was AA to San Francisco, arriving 1600. Went to Berkeley. Hired car. February 2, 1962. Visited A.Miller, Rittenau, + various students at Museum Vertebrate Zoology. February 5, 1962. Departed S.F. 0900 on PAA flight 1. Stopped at Honolulu about 1 1/2 hrs., 1/2 hr. at Wake Island. Arrived at Tokyo 7 p.m. (7 hrs. time change + one day from S.F.). Cold. February 6, 1962. Visited John Frisch at Sophia University. In afternoo departed Tokyo by train (first class, 3280 yen) for Noyoya with Frisch Then by electric train (100 yen) to Imuyama - shi. Stayed at Japanese country inn (ryokan). For 2, cost 5050 yen including dinner and breakfast. Imuyama on Kiso River, where carp are fishing plentiful. February 7, 1962. Went to Japan Monkey Center, a 15 min. bus ride from Imuyama - shi. Met Masao Kawai and several students of monkeys there. The area a park and recreation place for people. About 4 buildings 20 x 50' with monkeys; some outside large cages (to 40'x 25') covered with plastic sheets. Frosty morning; said to get to -7° C. here. At present they have an expedition in Colombia, which will go down Amazon for ecological studies. And men in India, Africa. Two mountain gorillas were brought from Africa but both died at the Monkey Center. 18 young apes in one large outdoor cage (plastic covered; must look with heat too). In one building, small glass fronted cages with a few of various species. There included squirrel monkeys (2 born here), Mico, Tamarin, Leontopithecus, Aotus, Saguos, 2 Barbary apes, 2 mandrills, Ceythocelbus, (Troglhy

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C. Koford 2 Journal - Japan Inuyama, Japan Japan Monkey Center February 7, 1962. pithecus, Lemur, Presbytis, 1 gelada, several species of Cerepithecas, Hamadryas baboon, Hamly's makiy, other. They said they had 54 species of primates. This building for public viewing. Rather crude, and smell very bad. | In another building, 100+ animals in open 1 cages side by side. Mostly M. fuscata. Cager 3' x 3' x 5' mostly. Horrible nauseating stench. These being held for experiments or treatment. | Others in small outdoor cages, including 2 M. mulatta which had baby in February in spite of cold weather. Nest box but no heat in cage. | Kawai said that in cages breed all year round, but in wild season. Copulate in cold part of year, with births May to July mostly. | Near Inuyama there they were building a new zoo which will be largely monkeys but also other animals. A fine 2 story concrete modern badgerette; paved roads; metal fence. Modern. About 10 acres. One seti for catels. Birdhouse-like nest boxes or poles. Only one- electric. furment an electric fence 3' high with 4-5 wires. Kawai thought this would hold them. This area on of hills with scrubbly pine vegetation. In one valley there were 10 M. radiata running free. | On one slope an enclosure about 75' x 75' with fence about 8' high, upper 2/3 of sheet metal. Kawai thought monkeys could climb it but that would return, presumably because old females would stay in. | At 4 p.m. we returned to Monkey Center to see free-ranging M. fuscata, which had been fed carr-

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C.Koford 3 Journal - Japan Inuyama, Japan February 7, 1962 Japan Monkey Center etc, sweet potatoes, and other food. Visitors gave them peanuts. Many, including some of the dogs, tugged at legs of people in logging. Very quiet animals; little calling or chasing or threat. I saw more, of about 40, in trees. These of a long- haired short-legged subspecies from a certain island. The dog one had cut R upper lip somewhat like one of J27. Three sat close to a fire + paves in ashes, feed- ing peanuts and other tidbits. Possibly attracted by warmth of fires. Said to sleep in trees mostly but sometimes on ground. Will appear in Primates) Kawai has written a long article in English concerning the bond. They were held in a cage for a long period before release and had stayed together, except for one occasional wandering male. Feeding the monkeys is a dog attraction to people here. But when not at the food the animals range over a very steep slope among rocks and pines. A small but neat magazine, Monkey, at high school level, contains many pictures and current information on primate studies. shigetaka Kotera February 8, 1962. Accompanied by Mr. Aoneta, French and I visited monkey islands in bay. About 1 hour by train from Nagoya to Koura, then by small ferry one hour to Shiojima, an island with many fishing boats and equipment. Off of Shiojima about 1/2 mile was Tsubunijima, about 5 acres and 100' high, which held bobos Papio cynocephalus and Anubis. As we landed on beach, a dog and a few ?? bobos came to us, as if expecting food. usual feeding place stop

C. Koford 4 Journal February 8, 1962 Mr. Nagoya, Japan the island, where we saw most of the population of about 25. A student, Furuya, had written a mimeo report on them. Released 1959. 2 young in 1960, +, 1961. Four mature ♀♀. Sleep in low trees in protected valley. Range all over island but have favored sleeping places. Heard several births, Frisch two or caputata at all seasons. Frisch will translate the pamphlet. No. 2 of the island we struck, 1 to 8' from him. No. 1 sat in center food area and clearly dominated it; he was obviously larger than others. Only a few shot tree here; from distance looked like dry grassy hill. / Next we went to Keijima, similar in size, about 5 acres, but only 100 meter off shore, with many trees to 30' high and 3' diameter (broad leaved). Good trade, pennisetum, for visitors. Next to about 25 animals introduced 1958. Birth seasons, October to January. ♀♀ produced ♀ young. ♂ adult ♂♂; 8 young ♂♂. These have tufts fur or crown. Macaca fuscata. Furuya also studies there. / On another island, Nagima, were about 60 Formosan macaques on 10th acres of half-wooded island. There had been then 3 yrs. Birth March-May. 1960 + 1961, 15 young born each year. No individual marks. / We had Japanese lunch in Min, then returned to Nagoya and stayed overnight. February 9, 1962 To Kyushu In morning I left Frisch and took train to Kyoto, (570 yen). Kobe. There met with Dr. John Henderson, on leave from Univ. Malaya, for 2 hours. He said survey of

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C. Koford 5 Journal February 9, 1962 Kyoto-Kyushu, Japan orang in Sarawak badly needed. McClure has made observations of scanning from tree platform. Good oppor- tunities this for studying gibbons. A Harvard group was now working on Tupaia at Kuala Lumpur (O. Elliott). / Hendrichsen said great moron jam made good Tupaia nest box. He said seemed to get milder with each generation. Breeding best when or put with exte- rior & alone, not with other, then removed. Immediate post-partum heat, last time for breeding. Best Best repro. if young removed from moth as soon as independent. He has published only short article in Nature on tree shrews. / I took bus from Kyoto to Osaka airport (200 yen). Then plane over island sea to Oita. Shikoku has high snowy mountains. Met at Oita by Mr. Mizuhara, who had worked with monkeys there for 6 years. We briefly visited the feeding area at foot of Mt. Takaralei, in late afternoon. Set up for visitors to feed monkeys - fennel, curio stores, peanuts, etc. About 30 fed on remnants food. Much more chasing and aggressive action than at Iwayana. I saw a high ranking or do a "turn-away" from ?. Said to be 80+ in one group, about 720 in other. The big group in area 1 x 2 km.; near area 1 x 1 km. occupied by small groups. Mizuhara said he recognized 300 individuals. Vegetation sparse to 50' with deciduous and evergreen broadleaf mixed. M. thought the softwood the main habitat. Monkeys not physically confined, but forest thin or cut in surround- ing areas so an ecological island of forest. Monkeys could easily walk down to main coast road and sea. Occasionally a male wandered from site, but no one seems concerned about

C. Koford Journal February 9, 1962 Kyushu Is, Japan this. I stayed in Kanmai Hotel, Beppu, for night (1720 yen). February 10, 1962. Again visited feeding area and area slightly upslope, in open forest around Buddhist temple. Maybe had removed so many tiles from roof, it had to be re-paired twice. I saw 2 m'm growing large or (photos); M. said they were 1 and 2 yr. olds growing 6 yr. old. In morning (1030) only small groups present. Many people (totally) fed them. Sometimes makura fought each other, looking away the people. Occasionally one climbed onto shoulder or back of visitor. Many grabbed pants leg in begging. Other searched side pockets of pants + coat + were difficult to get rid of. But apparently no one was injured. Some had areas of fur thin a tearing. One had crippled leg held doubled up. Other had old cut in lip, so teeth showed. Many had faces resembling Cape S. Rheas, but generally redder. Size larger than rheus. Often highest ranking male punished anims. or others. At least 500 people at feeding area at once; they pay 30 yen admission. I think personality gentler than rheus; otherwise people would be injured. Probably also less arboreal, though said to sleep in trees. In afternoon the large group came down to feeding area & fed. Somewhat difficult to communicate with M. or his English only fair. But in general his information seemed imprecise and poorly org- anized in his mind, with apparent attempt to fit what Stevi had described (Only about 200 animals in Stevi study). M. could not clearly distinguish downcoat from red-brown

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C. Koford 7 Journal February 10, 1962 Kyushu Is., Japan primate males; rather a continuum, and he had given little though thought to relating or to a rank, although he said that in some other groups they were mated in the same order. There were some solitary males, apparently in good health. Numbers de- termined by births minus deaths; that is, no actual census mode. If one noted missing, special watch kept. But loss often from males leaving group and assumed not dead. H M. (mr Kawai) recognized that any male reached high rank through influence of mother; they thought that all did be- come peripheral at about 4 yrs. But M. pointed out a 6 yr. old & grooming etc mother. | One min. had white paws. M. said that several had white areas. | There were 2 crude dog traps in shed, but no large traps nor any laboratory even of crude sort. No weights, measurements, examinations of dentition here. (At JMC, organs of males who died pre- served for study of testis, cause death, etc., but I think no such studies yet made.). M. is going this August to Stanford for a year at the research institute (workburn sponsored, I think). | In evening I took train back to Kyoto (3720 yen, first class). Alternative would be boat to Kobe, then train. February 11, 1962. Arrived Kyoto station 0920 and was met by Kinya Nakajima (another monkey-worker) and S. Horiu (curator of JMC). Both spoke especially good English. They told me (or Kawai earlier) that a population of about 48 or Koshima (Miy Miyazaki) in S. Kyushu, an island about 4 km. in circumference, visited about 4 times a

C. Koford 8 Journal 11 February 1962 Kyoto, Japan year for study. We took bus (15 km.) to Aratayama, a monkey part park on a hill (again mostly pines, but cherry, oak, maple too, & they thought that few pines in the native habitat.) These monkeys, now 114 (Nohajima), perseverin ted since 1954. Births May to Aug., with 15 born 1961. about 14 sq. km. of forest, but monkeys in only a small part of this. The group at Inuyama started with 34 brought from Yakushima (S. Honshu) in 1957. First kept in small cage about 6 meter diam. Then in large, about 10 by 30 meter, for a period of months (?) before release. They did not know that the confinement was necessary to form a group. In sloping canyon was 80 meter diam. roughly circumference with sheet metal side 4-12' high (cyclone wires bottoms 2ft.) with electric wire on top. These had held about monkeys (now 23 ?) for 4 years. In 1961, 5 born about 15 born in all. 5 March to 28 July. One ad. 07, 5 ad. 44. A shed and refuement-eating stock inside pen. 20 small dead trees (to 10' tall), said to have been felled by monkeys. The caretaker had a notebook and had recorded daily observa- witins, totally contained obsers. He said the adult male did all the mating. One male had escaped by jumping 9' fence, without preliminary run. Malt relation seen 28 Aug. to 14 Mar. Most presently consorting with 1; some consort for several days with same q; other times with 3 (or more?) females in one day. No JMC men have studied here. It would be good opportunity to make similar setup for

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C. Koford Journal Feb. 11, 1962 Kyoto, Japan M. fuscata and companion species. A few hundred feet up trail on 100' wide flat in open pine woods, free- ranging M. fusata. Since last December they remained near feeding ground (Nakajima seemed to be main student of this). He said moved more widely in spring or fall, befores and after birth season. Many cherry trees near and among pines; mostly hardwoods in nearby area where macaques secure naturally. Have too, people fed the animals, so very tame. But not obnoxious as at Takesabiyama - did not grab & deal w/ people; merely here. Many appears to have start of molt or cream (also at Takasaki). Mr. Jwata very much interested in his monkey. He is of breeding mfg. family. He treated me to lunch & later to few Shotosune (spell?) = make din- der (fish & vegit, boiled in portions on table). Stayed at Yoshikawa Inn (Japanese style, most unijzd). February 12, 1962. Went to Osaka airport and took CAT DC-6B for Formosa, with stop at Okinawa. Cloudy.. High swany mountains on Shibusu. Flew over Kyushu. Rice paddies, terraces, water buffalos, on Formosa. Taipei city but not tourist oriented. The peculiar outstanding feature. Buses and public buildings seedy. Overnight at airline expense; very good. Many U.S. military bases. February 13, 1962 Via CAT jet to Hong Kong. Stayed at Swanning House in Hong Kong. All quite modern, touristy, garish, and in English, though many touches of Chinese color (food, companions, dress.)

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C. Koford 10 Journal February 14, 1962 To Bangkok, Thailand. Via JAL to Bangkok. Plane 2 1/2 hours late in starting, so arrived evening. Stayed at Kings Hotel - February 15, 1962. Rode buses (2 1/2?) and walked around town. Visited Ministry of Public Health, where WHO office located. Old un-air conditioned clergy building. I was directed to Mr. SIRIVAT VISESHSIRI, administrator in P.H.. He said his cousin, THONGLAW PUNYANITA, used to export animals from Thailand. I went to see Punyanita. He plump, about 60, very talkative about himself. He said he gave up exporting about 3 years ago. He said rhesus perhaps rather scarce in Thailand, tho many M. ciris in the southern parts. He did not think we could get over M. ciris at $10 locally, in numbers. / His address: Boon Vanit Travel Agency, 8-12 Bunapa Rd., Box 49, Bangkok. / I went to SEATO headquarters, a separate inspection type building in park-like area. Talked with Information Officer. He said that Gordon Young, U.S.O.M. 70040-9, Pitchburn Road, north Bangkok, was animal exporter living in west who might know about availability of rhesus monkeys. / Possibly also could get information from SEATO General Medical Research Lab., Royal Thai Army Inst. Pathology, Rajvithi Road; Lt. Col. Oscar Felsenfeld. / In evening left via Air France flight 173 for Delhi. / Dr Boonsang away in Java. Delhi, India February 16, 1962. Was met at airport by two men from Patterson Co., and was installed in Ashoka Hotel. Huge size, but service and food poor. Crews, bowlers, circled about and landed on building canopies by dozens in morning. Country wide, scrubby tree, little shade, instructive. / Visited Zoo Farm (makey exporters)

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C. Koford Journal 16 February 1962 Delhi, India of Patterson Co. on Old Durgaon Road. Again met Bob Arons and George Dhawan as yesterday. Also Mr Khali, apparently manager of the farm. And Dr Subramanian, veterinarian. Area of farm about 2 1/2 acres. Wall about 9' with wire stop this. All clean, concrete and stucco construction. Monkeys kept in a long shed about 35' wide and 200 feet long, open at sides. In one side on concrete floor were two rows of large cages, 8 x 12' x 6' high, of wood with 1" square wire mesh. In cages were groups of monkeys of same size. For example, 50 4 lb. monkeys are. 4-5 5-6 lb. in another, etc. Capacity in all over 300 animals. Some between rows cages marked capacity as 97 (the only 50 in). Front row of cages, about 3' clearance. About 40 cages in all. In one cage an albino O which had been kept (from inf.) about 5 yrs. The vet said T-B tests given only if requested. About 170 positive when tested. Those ill were not shipped but one segregated and treated. In winter respiratory disease common. About 30 4-6 lb. sick monkeys were together in one cage. Farm area 11000 sq yds. (1.1 hectare). Buildings are story. Admin. staff about 10. Monkeys brought from field in bamboo cages, mostly about 3' x 3' x 1 1/2'. About 12 small monkeys in one. Animals checked by representative in field before brought in. By government rule, none under 4 lbs. can be shipped. In cages in shed, only about half cages with monkeys. Few in 7-9 lb. gp., + some large. Food given is mostly mixture of whole rice, barley, gram (chili dried peas).. Fed 3 x a day. Midday, food mixed with raw suga about 3 x a week. Vegetables, fruit, given every day. Cooked vegetables also given. One fruit given is BATAh, a 4" 11

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C. Koford 12 Journal 16 February 1962 Delhi, India Siam - starchy fruit with hard thin shell. Cooked if green. Weights taken in 5 lb. bamboo cage. Animals held a few days to 1 mo., about 2 wks. average. Shipping cages of 1/2" stecco wire, metal feeding & watering tray each end, metal tray below. Wt. cage 8 kilos. 36" x 24" x 18" size. Cage holds 10 4-6 lb. makuas, 8 6-8 lbs. Ends & lower half of sides of plywood. | Patterson has a farm at Huahin, 4 hrs. from Bangkok on gulf of Siam. Near famous golf club. Gymnolugus makau, mostly from S. Thailand (some from Theres sold to British, Scandinavia. | There was also a cooperating gor farm about 10 miles from Kuda Lempur. | In evening we took train from Delhi to Kanpur, SW of Lucknow. Amad and Dhavan accompanied me. 17 February 1962. Arrived 6 a.m. Kanpur. Their man then said trapping planned for area about 150 miles to NNW, start-ing next morning. Green rice, & mac tree, beans. Many birds in garden of hotel, and I saw one mongoose there. Light rain and rain about 8 a.m. | About 10 a.m. went for drive to look for makaua or outskirts Kanpur. One group in open yard and an adjacent house. 3 ad. of of, 5 ad. ff (at least 3 pregnant) and 2 yrld. One & lost leg. bleeding. Yrld. showed scars marks from food. 10+ maku ate food thrown out for makaua. Health good, apparently. No intermediate age classes. Man calls ba-ba-ha as feeds a makau gone. | At another site by river bank, where clothing placed & several holy men, we feed about 15! There included but one ad. of, 8 ad. ff, 3 yrld, 4 minn. Photographed. Other small groups in this area. One

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C. Koford 13 Journal 17 February 1962 Kanpur, India group included: 1 Ø, 5 ♀, 2 yrl., 2 juv. / 7 in one area had withered hind leg, / Mr. Gupta, in charge of trapping, said that Muslims trap with buried net. Hindus use boxtrap with string release, snares set on ground; a group of men that force animal up tree and then catch it (about 15 men; some- times they use net for a wall on one side). / We drove to another known site: about 35 animals. 2 ad., ØØ, one be- [illegible] ing old & apparently blind in one eye. Small yrl., but more between 4 and 10 lbs. Some 4 ♀ pregnant. No new infants. I took photos. / Gupta said large rhesus groups in Nepal but not allowed to catch. Apparently he brings monkeys from at Berkeley? More details daily day many local boys and groups. / Duskish of the grey-backed sifangs in evening several dwarf long-tailed green parakeets flew high over. 18 February 1962 Lucknow, India —drove to Lucknow in evening and We had stayed in Carlton Hotel; old style and plain but satisfactory, across road was Botanical Garden. I walked there and saw a booper flight & appearance flicker-like. Also two chipmunks (stripes on back) in trees, 4 other birds. Many grey-backed ravens. / About 100 m. visited small monkey farm of M. Sikander Begum (photo her & man monkey contractor). This in old adobe section of Lucknow. Clean walls, yard about 75'x100'. Divided with open sides, 12+ bowl cages about 3'x3'x 1½', with 10± 4-6 lb. monkeys in each. Fed grain. Seemed healthy. Women in one of Patna's largest dealers. About 150 men bring monkeys to her. We saw a careful coming by bicycle rickshaw. In cages weights. Males held a day or so for shipment to Delhi; where weighed and segregated. In street nearly saw 3 on ropes held by women; pets apparently, / In afternoon we drove NW (?) about 2 hrs. to Kheri Town. On way saw crowded train & large red-headed crows near road, 1 peacock, one

c. Koford 14 Jaorna 10 February 1962. No Lucknow, India gp. 5+ adult rheseus. Open country; green wheat + sugar cane. Road lined with big mango trees and planted groves similar trees. Khair in Saharanpur district on N.E. railroad. We went to dirty adobe adobe part & stayed at house of Abdul Rahim, bearded Muslim monkey contractor. Lots of flies; mosquitoes at night; only water a yard pump - etc. Supposedly troop monkeys tomorrow afternoon (yesterday it was morning). 14 February 1962. With 8 men in little Ambassador car, drove to main part of Khair (said 90,000 villages). Plenty of fruit & color; lots of cattle; dirt mud; streetside open cooking. Drove on to Lala, then off on dirt road to canal road. Much sugar cane. (Forest about 70' tall, red thick with hardwoods, along parts of canal.) Saw 1 bunch 10+ rheseus eating spilled cane, No jays seen. I Rupta told me the largest monkey "range" was about 14 sq.mi.; Rahim had less here. Saw 4 large langurs at edge forest near canal; about 10' up in trees. Finally arrived at Kairna, where train station. This headquarters of groups of monkey catchers; they had already caught about 15 makayas today & mine apparently finished (11 a.m.). We drove on to Mailani, also near the canal on rail line. At 11:45, left on foot and walked about 1 mile N.W. along R.R. track to large forest patch (70' mixed hardwoods); flat; fairly open; trees to 12" diam. Trees tall & very narrow, leafless low. Mostly deciduous. No camphor. Leaves mostly large (2-3 x 4-5"). The men already had a net set in an open road 100' from R.R. track, but they said a cat had frightened the monkeys away. After much urging, I got them to set another net. They put it on another cart track; I saw at least 3 ad. rheseus near. Set about 1 p.m. Men walked within 20' some rheseus w/o much alarm. Net soft, 2" sq. mesh, with 1/4" ridge rope. Whole about 12' long and 6' wide - too small to catch large groups. Pull wire single, about 100 yds. long. Net + support stakes buried in 2" trench, covered, & leave

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C. Koford 15 Journal 19 February 1962. NW. of Lucknow, India (Mailani) scattered over so invisible. Bait grain - only about a round put. metal stake net net fastened to sticks rope at top edge; lighter line at bottom sticks-> wire pull edge, which is in bottom of trench. rope Men set about 100 yds. away in open; talked & joked; easily heard beyond 100 yds. / saw first occasional termite mounds to 6' tall. / 1340, ox cart drove past first trap. Both take up about 2 p.m., or repeated about 50 minutes at another site. We walked to new site on broad dirt road thru forest 1 1/2 mi. W. of town. Net set dry side of road. Never make att- nested to site by our scattering grain. 1 ad. #7, 4 ad. #2, 2 syl. But none actually stayed at net site. Set 3:15 p.m. of led group works. One & had yds. on back. No luck. Walked back to Mailani. Slept in a sort of hostel, where room & rope bed provided; clean enough, but mosquitoes, & dogs barking. Supposed to get early start for trapping tomorrow. 20 February 1962 We drove back to Kukra, arriving 0720 at camp of monkey trappers. Brave huts; slept in grass piled on ground; very primi- tive. They had about 6 small chim in 2 bamboo cages. About 15 men & boys with ropes, nets, hatchets, & picks, soon set out afoot for forest patch 1 mile N. of Mailani. We saw two ad. & 9 near road, but then not pursued as presumably going to catch a group. Arrived 0845. Much yelling back & forth among the men. A few climbed trees & hacked off branches, or cut down low tree. Saw a 5 lb. monkey seen in trees. He moved from tree to tree. Finally they cut many branches from one tree, but left one large branch pro- truding toward another. This branch was cut around, halfway though, and a long 3/8" rope run over limb. A net about 3' high then put around base base of tree, about 50' x 100' area O. Then much shrill shouting, throwing sticks, wielding men in treestoms. The little monkey fled his tree, going onto tip of the cut branch,

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C. Koford 16 Journal 20 February 1962 Mailani, NW of Lucknow, India which was then broken with pull of the rope, & the monkey fell and was pulled. A ? with 24 teeth; 5 lbs. / Meantime I had been told by Amad & others that the men had sent for hunting dogs, which would drive the monkeys into the net. I doubted this; they were vague concerning how dogs would help (apparently they had not seen them used). Finally 2 dogs brought. Reputed was 100-125 monkeys about 4 1/2 mile to 6 E in forest. We walked there. Men shouted much as usual and said that monkeys in tree, but hidden in foliage. Finally we saw a small one. Again several men climbed trees, lopped branches & under-story tree to 4" diam, & prepared half-cut branch with rope, & put net below. But apparently monkey escaped in tree crowns, about 1115. Possibly dogs showed which tree had monkeys, or which trunk bore monkey scent, but no other apparent men in forest. Forest bounded in straight line on one side by open fields (64 u pix). I saw a couple more tiny monkeys in tree tops. / It was now announced by Amad that the trappers had deceived them and taken them to a poor place so they could get 100% of the prize fee, while in a better area they were entitled to only 50%. / We left the men to continue lining trying and returned to Mailani. The 3 or 4 groups of trappers had not yet returned there. / Clear morning; high Himalaya peaks visible. They stick up individually much more than I had expected. / A common large vulture has white under wing coverts & some caron-like. Also has white center of back. / About 3 p.m., at edge forest 1 mi. S of Mailani, 1?+, +2, +Yrl, +1 2-Yr. One had wide rear (? ?). All very quiet. Disturbed at edge forest, they walked into woods. Occasionally we ascended a few feet up tree, as if to look down. Spread about 100 yds. or ground. / About 5 p.m. at forest

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C. Kofurd 17 Journal 20 February 1962. RR Mailani, N. of Lucknow, India by tracker 1 mi. NW of town, saw 3 or 4+? in green field (what?) at edge forest. A woman chased them away, & they walked quietly into forest. I saw 2 domestic crows. Also a black pheas-like bird with crest and non- not-like tail [illegible] stop tree. Little sign normal life or forest flow, but saw smell owl + many single bats about 6:30 p.m. Near RR station were 3 large Pteropus(?) dead entangled in telephone wires near a tree. /Night at Mailani. 21 February 1962. It was reported that 3 or 2 ad. ? & caught at one site yesterday, and 4 at another, near Mailani. /0650, with Gupta, George, Bob, others, departed for Kuniya, ½ hr. N on RR track. Trappers and head catch- ers had gone ahead. In grove of large mango-like trees, with no under- growth, behind station were at least 17 monkeys; 2 ad. ? (one very old), 1 subad. ?, 3 yrl., 3 apparently 2 yrs., 0+?. Most ?? appeared to be very old. There could be trapped only if permission of town council obtained. ? showed little fear of dog 3' away. Many people & cats went thru the grove. We walked then to NE corner ploughed fields, wheat fields, + past some potato to a 5 acre patch of 70' hardwood forest. Trees mango-like. Understory 10-15', but much opened by cattle pather. Trappers absent! I saw 1 ? and 6+? with 2-3 yrl. in tree; quiet & spread 100 yards. /We then waited while one was sent to find trappers. Eventually they returned & we walked ½ mile NE to a forest patch of about 3 acres, arriving about 10 a.m. The net trappers had 2 nets out; they had taken one bunch about 8:30 and again 0930, all small. Trappers impatient; about every half hour on to trap site to check a put bait. Photo (B4W #4,5) of this mode. No more catch by 1200. Then, for me, they trapped 1 ? (20 teeth). When wire pulled pull < [illegible] net Weak point in top cor- ner toward wire; the other sticks steady. /We then walked S. to another

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C. Koford 18 Journal 21 February 1962 Kuriya (N. of Lucknow), India 1700. patch of woods, max Dehn, where hand-catcher at work. They had 1 large leopard 2 about 4 lbs. I watched them catch an old ? Twice she fell into netted area but escaped up branch or over net. Then a branch tied to the tree to make trap branch & she was drawn into this. Captured by diving into net. Very old (or most ad. ? ? apparently). They sometime broke the branch before she hit it, so ? fell 15+ ft. to ground. I walked back to Kuriya (1500). The net trapper had already returned with catch (15 small in one trap in 4 catches; 1 small & 1 large ? in second trap in some area (call it K-1)). The hand-catcher returns with 6 from area K-2, W. of Kuriya about 1/2 mi. I was dis- appointed that trapper quit so early. I return to Mailani lumber. on train in evening. I stayed at Mailani. Dunkum? parade follows. 22 February 1962. In morning inspected 5 cages of monkeys captured near Derawan, Kuriya, and Mailani, for shipment to Delhi. Three ?? had faces cut up, perhaps from sides of bamboo cages. With Gupta, drove via Phagwanpur and returned to Lucknow. Saw about 5 groups of monkeys on the way; no intermediate age classes, or before. Gupta told me that railroad would not ship animals unless permit countersigned by contractor or his repre- sentative. The use of "range" permits issued by local agents of the DFO (district forest office). Derwan is the CFO (chief forest officer). Sarup Singh was man-Friday of Gupta, who helped in purchase and disposal of monkeys (Gupta said that the contractor actually paid Singh, tho the Delhi office thought that Gupta did - much friction within the P. organization, it seems). At Lucknow met Amand, & I

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C. Koford 19 Journal 22 February 1962 To Delhi Took train back to Delhi with him, arriving about 8 a.m. 23 February 1962 Ticket business in Delhi. Malaya arrived from Maidani. Put each group in separate large cage. I departed by plane at 3 p.m. for Bombay, arriving about 5:50 p.m. Then took train at 11:20 p.m. for Poona (24 miles), and arrived 5 a.m. 24 February 1962 Visited Verna Research Centre at Poona, especially Harold Trapido. We discussed Bonnet macaque & larger work of Japanese group near Dharwar. They have modern new wing in the centre, & modern labroom and other equipment. Trapido said first new M. radista in January of this year. Some langurs in roadside trees near Poona, but we saw none. Many 1- large or cats here; horns tall, often painted or decorated. But little old-India atmosphere in Poona. Trapido drove me around area. Heavily grazed rocky hills with dry grass, now merely brush tufts, of apparently coarse species. Not an attractive area at this time of year. Trees along watercourses but no forests. Took train in eve for Dharwar 25 February 1961 Train late; arrived about 1430. Met by Kenji Yoshida, youngest of 4-man Japanese Primate Research Group. They had rented an old house about 200 yds. SE of the station. The full staff was Dr. Kawamura (Osaka City Univ.), Suzi-yama (pre-doctoral student, Kyoto Univ.), and Yoshida (pre-master's, same), and Dr. Parthasarthy (Mysore Univ.). All but Yoshida now on a jeep tour to Kerala. The project started in June 1961. Main studies so far were of larger groups in an area several miles W. of Dharwar. Bonnet

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C. Koford 20 Journal 25 February 1962 Dharwar (Myso) India macaquer present along roadsides, but not intensively studied as yet. | We drove to oldest study area, a mixed deciduous forest about 40' tall. A legume & a few other trees had some leaves. Little under-story or cattle grazed there, & people burned the leaves & cover to improve grazing (go down). Crops planted nearby (grain). Bamboo thickets in some sites. | We saw groups 1, 10δ-7, 11?4, 1 inf., 4+min. Some ? 9 pregnant. The langurs spent much time on the ground at this season. They fed much on the new grain buds & leaves. No animal matter taken. (Y. said they sometimes ate red clay). They also went easily from tree to tree through crowns. Y. said only or or fight (or threaten) when two groups came together. When disturbance (by man or dog) at long range, or gives low whoop whoop call, like gibbon like. But when disturbance closer, no whoops, but threaten by grinding teeth. Compared to macaques, Y. said, much less aggressive among themselves. Nearly all groomed nearly all others. Mothers allowed others to take her infant even on day of birth. In alarm often left infant behind. Do not take preferred food readily, so perhaps difficult to trap with bait. The infant black furred; later head gray & then body. Most groups have only one male, tho some as many as 7 (mostly young males). Also whole groups of mixed ages found, many quite young, famed; sometimes 25-30. They had plotted home ranges of groups. Home range change with season, apparently because of change in food supply. Often many remain in one large tree for several

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C. Koford 21 Journal 25 February 1962 Mr. Dharwar (Mysore), India hours at midday (would be fairly easy to catch by tree climbing and ground net, a la rhinos in U.P.). 26 February 1962. With Gorhila visited second area near first, near Alijoh & "past", & saw two more gps. Eus Plesictis entellus. Took a few b & w pictures. Trees mostly under 20 ft. tall. The Kyoto gp. now has expedition in shore Lake Tanganyika in Africa, studying chimpanzees in savannah area. Lions & leopards said dangerous there, so they took electric fence equipment. / M. silenus occurs farther S. in India. Simm from Univ. Calif., came to study it but found too few, so studied M. radiata instead. / Y. was in Assam 3 years ago, & saw Hoolock Gibbons there (with advice of Mr. Lee of Upper Shillong). He said they hunt rhinos mainly there, so he could not get counts undisturbed populations for Southwick who requested same. / In Dharwar region, M. radiata seems to be only in disturbed areas, along edges roads & fields, & not in forest away from roads, Y. said. I saw several groups 5-10 along road-sides, one gp. picking tamarinds. They looked scrummy. / Y. told me he had seen no "courtship" in langurs. In M. fuscata he said 07 approached & swatched lips, came very close & turned quickly away - the same thing I call the "turn away" in rhinos. / We drove through Alijoh and on to S a SW. Mostly bamboo forest of tall bamboo mixed dry deciduous forest. Then less bamboo & more tall trees. Many logs to 16" diam, & timbers cut, at some stations. Passed "Sunnill" at Kannigeri. Then mostly evergreen trees.

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c. Koford 22 Journal 26 February 1962 Nrs Dharwar, Mysore, India to 100' tall, with patches of bamboo in understory. / 1330, reached Yellapur, a small town. Saw tall spindle like nut palms sprouting this area. Bananas, coconuts, watermelon, eggplant in markets. We drove on a few miles to top of Western Ghats, where forest nearly all evergreen but still many large dry logs underfoot. Trued to 100'. We saw an gp. M. rodeta in tall tree by the roadside, progressing tree to tree 30-50' up; about 15 anim- als. Y. thinks langurs thru forest but M. rodeta only at edge where disturbed area. We passed beyond hamlet of Idagunji, black some early Rai, Badi, plain, region features in this area. Our end point about 14° 58' N., 74° - 13' E. Some trees had small butterflies. Saw + hard babiti. T-b-xxs Forested slopes at about 10' alt.; sloping down to sea (about 40 mi. by road). Few epiphytes, as intense dry season tho rainfall high. Y. said more epiphytes farther S. about 100 miles. / On way back, past Yellapur a few mi., walked among 30' bamboo clumps in 100' forest. Saw hornbill, fork-tailed drongo, + Y. said paradise flycatcher. Saw an gp. langurs here, + heard distant call of ST. Cattle kept vegetation open, tho apparently a goat preserve so no clearing in forest. / As we neared Hubli, saw several groups of M. rodeta at roadside. Farther out, 6+ gps. of langurs; most of them in tight group in a single tree (10t + 5+ gps. down). Y. said they usually gather tthus at midday in on hot days (no clouds today). / In region, Japanese have censused 730 langurs in 42 groups. Their only chart were of number of ad. 0.107 or 4% per group. Next they will study food habits, Y. says. For 2 yr. study of 3 men, prog- ress seems slow, + important phases not started. Measurements quantification little.

C. Koford 23 Journal 27 February 1962 Mr. Dharwar, Mysore, India Again clear. About 0830 (why so late ?) we left for first large area, ms. Aliyah 8 milepost. Then y. shrewd + photoged group 2 (1071148 5 inf.). He said no more pregnant, and that gm. I had 1788 and no inf. About 11 a.m. about 6 of group in single tree, in 15' dam., & stayed time long. Inactive at midday. But this group had been turned thru watching + allowed approach to 10 yds. I y. said infra. areas, each other much less than in macaques. I observed another group in open 30'tall nearly leafless forest where ground burned. Some ran off one way, & some another - poor cohesion. (y. said or often runs away from gp.). Across road amid will-spread shrubs with occas. trees (leafless), largus ran on ground when I approached, and would not ascend tree. (y. said they do ascend when dogs pursue.) / On ground one "fleshed" cloud teeth at me, then left (teeth prom. in black face). (y. said only or gnish teeth in aggr. display. y. said other 42 the take infant from mother especially during first week of life.) I departed Dharwar by train 1600 for Bombay. 28 February 1962. Arrived Pune 0625; on to Bombay on Decca Queen, arriving 1030. Cloudless, misty, hot, still day. Phone Dharwar, Delhi, who said successful trapping near Tonkhpur, about 3 mi. N. Bareilly, in Kaunoh Hills area at Nepal border. / During day visited aquarium, & Bombay Natural History Society headquarters. They had one large room, about 30 x 80 ft., crowded with old wooden specimen cases + rusty specimens. Very run down appearance, tho fair library & excellent owl balcony view to the bay. Talked with 2 men there, & with Salim Ali (ornithologist) by telephone. A migratory bird census to be held near Bharatpur, 107 mi. by rail from Delhi, in Rajbanton, Mar. 15- April 1. / Took evening plane to Delhi, arriving Ploom 2145.

24 Journal 1 March 29 February 1962 Delhi, India Spent most of day arranging for reception of dangerous tuberculosis shipment (Mr. Steen & Lt. Col. Reeves at Embassy; Mr. Cully at WHO, SEARO). WF WHO headquarters in Patiala House, Princess Park. Good building but much antiquated + crowded interior, with wooden partitions. Presumably WHO will receive tuberculin, as they have no refrigeration, Embassy will store it. Examined monkeys sent from Mailani. Some pregnant; some very old. Many had cuts or healed legs from bites of other, capture injuries, or cuts from inside bamboo cages. Looks soft + pale (from dry grain diet?). Coats mod. poor. They were weaker than Cayo's animals, & large ad. 7 weighed only 17 lbs. (looked like our 076c). Kept separate in 6 cages, in groups caught in. In one cage, ad. & gr. old. 7. Several ? & pregnant. She evening departed by train for Bareilly. 2 March 1962 . Arrived Bareilly 0300. Met by Supta and Saroop, and we drove to Tanakpur. Supta then slept & we huddled; finally underway and drove into hills to N, up Dhulgarh River. Hills start abruptly about 2 miles from Tanakpur. Arrived at forest station & found that control road traffic was in the other direction 0830-1230; we arrived 0930! So long wait + delay. In forest or flat, I saw 6+ fine langurs in tree. In Tanakpur we stayed in a Doh bungalow - rooms & rope beds but no bedding, water, or other conveniences. I walked along road up riverside & observed birds. Purple sunbird evidently feeding young in hanging nest. Nest 1/2 off ground hanging from rock above. She returned every 2-5 min. Shiny black or sometimes green near. I also saw 7+ Vervettes on river shore. At one site a coucalbird, are turning around &

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CKford Journal 2 March 1962 Nr Tanakpur, India reversing close to other; some wing holding out (incident?), + 2 attempts to mount, tho subordinates kept walking. The black of wings is black velvet; striking. Jungle crow, singing high large hawks [black + white barrigo], small, one wings from below; light across near wingtips), Forested slopes; trees to 70'. Finally road open & drove to point 20 miles from Tanakpur, or shore of the wide (50 yds.) river. Much cut timber sawt roughly to seize, floated down-river all day. Many Nepalese carrying baskets on backs with temp line ahead, going along trail all day; few women. They ate browned rice concoction + liver for lunch. | We had gone up about 5 mi. past Poongiri dam site, where some blasting + rockwork. | Today trapper had taken 26 monkeys in morning. There were jammed into two sacks and one small cage (2' x 3' x 1½'). Trapsite was on a 10' wide trail through forest on river level, within 100 (?) yds. of wheatfield. | Across river on Nepal side I saw 8+ rheas in alder-like trees on river level, in trees 6' to 20' up; apparently new small leaves. All said very dreadful punishments for catching monkeys in Nepal. Ehta. photos of area; oles of gop. largens over home roof, + trapping site on trail. | Logging northly of .5al, while her straight trunks + conifer-like branch. This sawed into timbers of various sizes, some 10" x 16" x 20; by hand. Saw shaped (main handle) about 8' long. | We reached trap (the usual nit; corn bait) at 3 p.m., & had no time to watch. So returned to base camp & devoured our chapatties, & finally underway back toward Tanakpur. But a truck stuck on road, some set for 2 hours.

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C.K. Journal 2 March 1962 Nr Tanakpur, U.P., India Finally I found that truck had broken tie rod only; & got driver to back up a few feet so that our little car could get past. So on back to Tanakpur in dark. | Area cleaner, animals healthier, air cooler, all greener, than at Mailani. || Trappers had taken about 60 monkeys in the hills here before today, starting Feb. 26, & these still held in bamboo cages. We had brought the 26 back in about 5 sacks today. Supta told me that about [illegible] had been taken at Palia, on railroad above Mailani and Kureja, & there were being held at Mailani. | Shots of cages at Tanakpur, so animals crowded! 3 March 1962. Prepared to send monkeys to Delhi. More than 60 held, some since Feb. 26, in bamboo cages. One group 9+ cages in roofless remains of a shack about 12' square, when all in sun until noon, & some long after. Done thrown into cages only food; mired with excrement, urine, on ground be- low cages. One & nearly dead; not removed until noon, at my insistence. Another had shell 2 again. Exposed; released at my request. Many had bad cuts. I was told 20 more caught one of 2 March; these were kept in sacks until about 4 p.m. today, when new cages secured; these animals sweet-soaked, & very thirsty. Wasted most of day waiting for Supta's car, which had gone 10 miles for cages. Wanted to go to Corbett Park; Dhawan had said this simple & easily done from Tanak- pur. But Supta & other did not know the place or how to get there. We hired a truck, loaded 131 monkeys in 13 cage, & drove through night to Delhi. About 12 stops for fill station and road controls, & several more for tea,

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c. Koford Journal March 4, 1962. Delhi, India food, a talk. A long journey; about 15 hours for 180 mi. | On being T., near Jagir bridge, I saw two or three gulls, with several apparent ? ?, at edge road near river bed. | On outskirts of Delhi, 100+ kips on ground at one site, perhaps a dump. | At Delhi put Taralpur monkeys day in cages; many in poor condition. The Palia animals (taken Feb. 25-Mar. 1 and held at Moidani) arrived yesterday and had many old and decrepit. Actually monkeys I brought at 8 a.m. not taken from small cages until about 4 p.m. Green made promises by Mr. Kohli that we would examine & sort the animals tomorrow. March 5, 1962. Ready for monkey sorting at 8 a.m. Not able to get any help until about 10:30, when finally drove men to it. Mr. Kohli arrived 11 a.m. In two hours do got two cages (22 monkeys resultant) selected, & another man removed those under 5 lbs. from other cages. Then all help quit for lunch. Very slow going, though help and idle watchers abundant once we got underway. | A few freehome monkeys on the farm, running free & over tops cages. In last day at least two small men have escaped & have been chased & caught by hand. No nets or similar catching devices. The adults seem much more placid & easily driven to one place or another than Cays I. monkeys. Rejected about 35-40 of first two coger from Khand Taralpur, mainly for old age. Kept some with well-worn molars as mammas & reprod. Again seemed good.

C. Koford Journal 5 March 1962 Delhi, India Monkeys shifted cage to cage with no cleaning between save sweeping. Upper shelves coated 1/4" thick with old sterment before some monkeys put in. / Men helping to sort load went at 12:45; then they did other job or stood around, so no more action on my job until 2 p.m. Finished sorting only those brought from Taralpur. Delhi 6 March 1962. The men promising to start sorting monkeys at 0900 showed up at 0930 and 1030, but with some flunkups I got started at 0930. Sorted Palia Range monkeys. Many old, or cut up by wounds, so got only 24 out of 56 animals. They marked with clippings of hair or crown. Supposedly from 4 trappers, but now in 5 cages here. / Total held now 108, from 3 localities (Mailani-Kuniga; Palia Range; Taralpur area). 5-5-6 lbs., 2777 4♀♀; 7-12 lbs., 117718♀♀; adults, 157758♀♀. Then, capture of those 5-12 lbs., - all w/o complete dentition - relatively poor. / The 3 biggest 777 from Mailani were put, with 77, in our cage yesterday. Man in charge said they would get along all right after 1/2 hr. Result, too two severely wounded & weak, rejected; the "winner" had gash on arm. Another big 77 repeatedly attacked by 7 - often wounded? - and in bad shape, so removed. Yesterday I ate aborted infant, placenta first then cord, macaw-like. Also one born alive in cage from Taralpur. (Calves still 8 a.m., 8 Feb. Mar.) 7 March 1962. Othermen checked monkeys in cages. Big 7 in our cage, wounded yesterday, had not been removed; died in cage & not out by 0930. / Visited Mr. Rai (H.R.? ) senior at the Veto animal farm in old Delhi. Several deer, only partly walked.

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C. Koford Journal 29 7 March 1962 Delhi, India Poultry + vegetable growing in back parts. neat clean app- earance. Five sheds about 30' x 60' used for cages to hold monkeys. Another shed for hospital; & another for isolation. A man full time to doctor sick; he was giving terramycin in drinking water. Some with diarrhea he was giving chlos- mycetin. Two new white yearlings, with normal eyes, in one cage; a golden pheas in another. Pheas from Assam look different - redder; longer face; Formosa-mosque-like? Holding cages about 8' wide, 12' long, 7' high - larger than at Patterson. Some had large splines wheel (Patterson has metal-rod swings). But cage frame of pipe (Patterson's of wood), with cyclone-type wire. No shelves to hold dirt & feeces. Some had mesh wire platform for monkeys to sit on. Hard- coated lining was much gentler than at Pattersons; cooed animals, rather than jabbed & shouted at. Sorting cage metal too, with vertical small rods side so visibility good. Shipping crate similar to P. kept buildup put over top + block (in writing) to protect from then London sold. In separate shed, about 12 cages with 3 monkeys each in individual compartments, for tests (?). Each monkey had small chain with numbered iron disk around neck. Rai said for such experiments each monkey is put in individual clean bag as caught, then kept separate from others. Date, place, time of each capture recorded. Rai said now most his monkeys come from Punjab, tho bought in many places. Vita has several men who go out & buy from trap- pers, so they do not deal through contractors or P. Loer! (but happens not as salary, the buyers are.) / Rai in India, who

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C. Koford 30 Journal 7 March 1962 Delhi, India taught at university in Bombay (specialty: systems), & is graduate of Columbia. The family has various other enterprises - roofing, composition building blocks, bricks. I depart to office on Allahabad road near center town, & not far from his home (where he gave me tea & introduced wife). He is member of Transportation of Live Animals Sectorial Committee, of Indian Standards Institute, his son M.S. being regular member. Son now on trip investigating venet procurement. Altogether, a much more educated people to deal with than at Patterson Co. To Malaya 8 March 1962. Take BOAC flight 716 for Kuala Lumpur; departed 3 hrs. late. Himalaya peaks visible in range to N. for about one hour of flight. Ground below had dry brown look, with various branches of meandering ranges and other rivers, with little visible cultivation or woodland from in 3500 ft. Passed over Calcutta. Saw mouths of Ganges; again very flat country, & not green but muddy. Landed at Bangkok, where some green, but rice paddies which surround city all brown & dry appearing. 95°F. hum! Then on across Bay & down W. coast of Malaya. In north, many step-sided islands off W. coast. Mainland hilly, with thick green forests. Landed at Juelar & went to Federal Hotel. 9 March 1962. Visited USAMRU (Army Med. Res. Unit), in buildings of IMR (Inst. for Med. Research) in K.L. Good but old buildings in well kept grounds. Here met Lt. Col. Balm, bacteriologist, in charge of US Army Med. Res. Unit (USAMRU). They had 3 Typhus in D'ing cage on roof, but no breeding success. I talked with Dr. Lin, 1800 Lit, who has kept Typhus and had

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C.Koford 31 3? Journal 9 March 1962 Delhi, India had seen Hendersons animals. He said T. glis not in deep forest but at edge, in shrubs + gardens. Many in some places in Lala Gardens. The smaller T. minor in forest; rarely seen. Pairs territorial and made noise when men or other shrews approached. Habitations: He suggested a 9'x9' cage, outdoor with roof, nest loops, & little disturbance. Activity mostly morning and evening. He had two litters in 3'x3'x2' cage, but one young eaten. Cage of Henderson about 5'x4'. Mangrove is an habitat of T. glis! test Weather line: wet Nov. to Feb., but rain all yr. at Kh. & on W. coast. Now drier season; NE monsoon. No info. totalisted a breeding season w age Turpina, but many now records of post m. seasons which show embryo size. T glis does not go far up trees; usually in ground. I visited Dr. Don Eyles of Far Eastern Research Unit, NIH. He recently got 50 shrews from Vito, with fast service. They also had obtained monkeys from Woodwart in Bangladesh, and from S. Mujilullah, Box 137, Ramna Dacca, Pakistan. He also had several addresses of other dealers in Pakistan. Dr. Warren had met Mujilullah, & they thought him reliable (HR Rai had said they had some business there E. Pakistan but had found dealers unreliable). I saw about 15 species of monkeys held in small cages. Apparently 3 species of langurs here, + M. irus and nemestrina. | Met Elliott McClure, who worked mostly with birds and bird parasites. Red haired; about 50 yrs. Formerly 8yrs. in Japan, & live about 3. Excellent knowledge Malay birds, & much mammal info too. Also met Olivier Milton, free - lance big game investigator, who now studying shrews, of which probably live

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C. Koford Journal 9 March 1962 Delhi, India than 50 in Malaya ( he had been in Burma & Africa for long periods). Had dinner with McClure, Bolens, & Milton. 10 March 1962 , Saturday. In early morning went with McClure to forest at about 2000 ft. about 22 miles from K.H. About 200 yds. from road was tall tree with aluminum ladder fastened to it; we climbed up ladder to platform 120 ft. above ground, where fine view of surrounding jungle & across the - to opposite forest slopes. About 700 acres here supposedly preserved from cutting. Stayed 0630 to 1130. Saw rhinoceros hornbill, minivets, barbets, leaf-birds, & many others. Heard argus pheasant. About 9 a.m. we saw a small group of pig - tailed macaque in tree about 200 yds. off. They were over 100' up in trees, feeding. One also broke off & stripped a twig. Two females carried small young, prob. under 1 month old. At least 2 1-2 yr. olds in groups. Probably probably at least 7 counting cubs. After 1/2 hr. they moved to end branch & to adjoining tree. no calls. We had heard white-banded gibbon calling before ascending tree, but saw none. McClure thought there were 5 gps. in the area, about 5 per group, each gp. with one adult male. He also thought that both sexes called. We also heard a variety call at times; a wailing, rising & falling, but saw none. A week previously he saw two at close range from platform. | George Schaller had been here about Jan. 5,1960, when gibbons fairly com- mon & calling all day; now less, apparently. | Wyett-Smith is Malayan expert on trees, apparently, & helped choose this platform site. | Fewer epiphytes than Bario Colored (2). We saw only two lizards; a 3'monitor about 100' up in meters, & a possible Draco volans (saw only head). Returned to K.H. No

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C. Koford Journal 10 March 1962 Sunday Nr. Kuala Lumpur, Malaya Dead animals on road (McClure says rarely seen) at Canal Zone. Visited Univ. of Malaya, which has several modern new buildings & is building much more. Saw zoo dept. with Dr. Berry (large snail spurt), acting head of dept. (Hendrickson absent). Howard, student of the sheews, away for a few days. Having Hari Raya (Muslim holiday) now. 11 March 1962. With McClure, Milton, & about 45 others, drove 70± mi. N. of K.L to near Slim River, through a (Limia Blas) huge oil palm estate, to canal; then 2 mi. down canal to patch of forest. Were walked in forest & saw elephant trader (old) and fresh trader rhinos (probably 3-4 animals) and two rhino wallows, as app. used today. Heard many jungle birds. Visibility poor among trees because of many small Betam palms, which branch from base & fill up area between trees. Some 2-3' diam. Trunks topped for shade. Had short glimpses are monkeys in tree. Many mangos on fruit floor at some site. Milton and others trying to get area of 19 sq. miles protected for rhinos. Returned to K.L in evening. Rain about 5:30 p.m. 12 March 1962. Monday. Holiday (birthday of Sultan of Kelang). Visited Olivia Milton, who stays in govt chalet, and who has had much field experience in Burma & Africa before coming here to work in rhino. Now involved in projects orang utan survey in Indonesia & Borneo (Sarawak), and he showed me long letter from Harold Coolidge and Barbara (Mrs. Tom) Harrison, Mr. H. has project of raising baby orange & releasing in Bako National Park. She (& Tom) find acceptance of funds for an

C. Koford 39 Journal 12 March 1962 Kuala Lumpur, Malaya orang study "unacceptable" if it involves bringing in outside men (such as biologist to study range), as such would cost expensive on Sarawak Museum & forest dept. ability to do studies. Milton is supposed to start an orang survey soon, + funds available for one year, apparently (World Wildlife Fund; some N.Y. Zool. Soc. support). (to find good study area) I suggested extensive survey first, avoiding the Ibanian territory; then localized intensive study of ecology & life; then more intensive, survey of entire range, utilizing knowledge gained in step 2. Intensive survey could be made by foreign investigator. In after- noon went with McClure to Kuala Selangor, near mouth Klang river S., north of Klang. A hill with lighthouse and radio tower there, & a rest house, surrounded by small presence of widely spread species cerastes of langutan. Many kinds, & about 50 Presbytis (crested; all dark gray). Monkeys included many soft tan infants. Moder- ately tame, the few approachable to closer than 100 ft. Excellent place for making observations & study, as good accommodation in rest house, fine view over sea, & picturesque river life nearby. McClure said this langur not common elsewhere. We also saw 4 atop roofs of houses at edge town. Returned to K.L. Hard showers about 6 p.m. Had "satay" dinner at nearby town; lots of meat barbecued on small bamboo sticks. 13 March 1962. Travel arrangements to Dar es Salaam. Lunch with Col. Baker. Met Danielle Elliott at Univ. He has been here about 4 months on NSF grant (under Howells) to Prof. Holmstr of Harvard, Anthropology) It study tree shrews. Field obs observation was to be main method, but this difficult. An outdoor large cage in vegetation near Univ. was planned, but no specific plan or start. In

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C. Koford Journal 13 March 1962. Kuala Lumpur, Malaya cages he had about 20 prs. T. glis, & 2 or T. minor. Some pairs in 3' cube cages with cardboard-box shatter. Others in 20" Vceder-Root, Dundee 20" x 16" cages with 16" wheel. One wheel had counter; registered many 1000 revolutions / day. Some did not use wheel; others learned to use it soon & regularly, quickly. Usually 2 nest blder / cage. There about 4"x6"x10," marsuite with wood top - bottom, hinged front, & a marsupial (sight?) inside. [Vanderhaven had bred some in 3' cube cages]. No evidence breeding activity yet. Food - various fruits, plus food balls (Farex inf. food, codliver oil, egg, honey, + other ingredients). Occasional earwatches or other insects; trying to raise meal worms for them. [Elliott formerly 2 years at Bosser Jackson Lab, working on dogs. He had not been anthropol- ogist as undergraduati. He seemed to have gathered almost no con- crete data so far, & not to have any practical plan in mind. He had about $300 worth of motion picture equipment but had only "tried it out." Much difficulty getting his equipment in,] at first trip Hawell had accompanied him, & had also visited Sarawak. Elliott had met Tom Harris & corresponded with him too, & T.H. had seemed favourable to Tupia's work in Sarawak.] Elliott thought that T. glis through forest, not just on edge. (He had seen up to 15' above ground. Most (?) observation was in Lake Gardens, where formed bottomed small canyon now though wooded area. Woods consists of mixed hardwoods, & palms. No systematic trapping study started, & he seemed to have no idea of the possibilities. He had bushy beard & fat paunch, & seemed not too energetic. He also considered pre- serving organs, but had apparently not started. Altogether,

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C. Koford 36 Journal 13 March 1962 Kuala Lumpur, Malaya a quiet friendly chap, but not likely to produce much. Must be bright, or Howell would not have sent him. He seemed to have no particular idea to foster; only to record data. No apparent strong interest in other local primates. I had dinner with Hinton & Mary Baker, & told them of Puerto Rico work. They seem to be most interested in Leptospirosis at present. Mrs. B. is in charge of the lepto. lab. I In evening took train to Singapore. 14 March 1962, Arrived Singapore about 8 a.m. & was met by J. L. Harrison, who has written most about Malayan mam- mals. He is especially interested in S-rats. After the war he worked for years with Andy & I.M.R. on lemursula and mammals. Has written perhaps 50 papers on Malay mammals, & related subjects. He said T. minor in dense forest, while T. glii at edge (same as Lim Boo-Liet), and that Ptilocercus is nocturnal. Minor probably higher in trees than glii, too. He said T. glii occurred in the fern - shrub mixture about 4' high that round half back of his house. Harrison now teaches at Nanyang University, a Chinese university of modern construct- ion and over 2000 students; private univ. Before coming there he was about 3 years in Queensland, & before that at Univ. Malaya (in Singapore). He has Chinese wife. I spent half day with him at Nanyang. Then he took me on tour of Singa- pore. In the Botanic Gardens we saw one group of 40+ Macaca sin. These were fed by people, & newspapers cones of peanuts were sold for this purpose. These most gentler and smaller than rheum. The long tails seldom

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c. Koford 37 Journal 14 March 1962 Singapore, Malaya, held up high except when attacked by by others + reacting aggressi vely. In general Singapore well-manicured, with many good buildings + signs of military establishment. But no dense Chinese hustle as in Hong Kong. Rather a dull town. On Rochor(?) Road? one street in market area we visited 3 animal shops. There held cockatoo, lories, finches, parrots, mynahs, + other birds in crowded dirty cages. Also jungle cat, civet, a deer, about 3 gibbons, 10+ M. nemestrius, 10+ M. mieu, squirrel, + others. Poor dark dirty conditions. Never utan H. said: Had home occasionally an orang, or siamang, [illegible]. Chinese dinner with Harrison, then took train back to Kuala. Oxville 15 March 1962. Spent most of day with Oxville Elliott, + visited Tupaia area in Lake Barong. I saw at least two brief- ly. One ran 10'+ on open lawn at forest edge. People in park an obstacle to study there. / Arrows arranged thru Col. Baker for Lim Boo-Liat to obtain + send to me some Tupaias, in Puerto Rico. We will try several in one metal box this time, via Pacific, or jet. Boo-Liat seems to be best man for knowing where Tupaia has been trapped. He now is working on key to lists, + distribution + ecol- ogical notes, for Malaya. Also working on a better problem. / Had dinner with Mr Cluer, + John Wyatt-Smith. Last is with Dept. of Forests, + authority on Malay trees, but much interested in wildlife. He is said he had pet dark-banded gibbon; these occur in northern Malaya. He also said there were orang-utans in North Borneo, + that he had forest dept. friends there who could help a biologist. He also thought Bako Nell Park in Sarawak was unsuited to the ing- establishment of orang utans. Seems well acquainted with Mt. Tupaia

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C. Koford 38 Journal 15 March 1962 Kuala Lumpur, Malaya Jalu area. Tall, larby, British; t said to be infatigable in field. 16 March 1962. Scheduled to leave by plane in morning for Bangkok, Calcutta, Dacca, but flight cancelled. The airline then sent us in afternoon to Singapore &t, to stay night and leave next morning for Bangkok on Cathay Pacific. 17 March 1962. Flew over E. Malaya. East coast had many long sand beaches, some muddy meandering rivers, several offshore small islands. Sea calm & muddy until 1/2 mile out. Saw no coral reefs. Many great areas of forests, mountains with no rock or bare ground visible. Cultivated fields near a NE port. Then over Gulf of Siam; blue & calm. Near coast of Thailand several wooded islands surrounded by clear blue water. Mainland brown, flat, covered with sliced paddy rice. Long straight narrow muddy canals. Green trees only around low mangroves. Arrived Bangkok about 1030. Waited for Air France plane to Calcutta. J O. Elliott told me that he had seen pig-tailed macaques in Lake Siem lens on rare occasions. He usually detected Trupia by hearing them first. J Saw 20 ± M. mice on grounds alongside of Majestic Hotel, across from railroad station. At least we had small infants, art, probably <1 month old. Several at Singapore also had small infants, & at least one there apparently pregnant. J To Calcutta on A F in evening. Stayed at airport rest house. E. Pakistan 18 March 1962. To Dacca on P.I.A. in morning. Flight over diked paddy rice, meandering muddy rivers. Fairly green ground (the dry season now). But all cultivated & flat. J Much time in entry, due currency control; forms, & simply leaving my passport to wear last, apparently intentionally. J telephoned

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C. Koford 39 Journal 18 March 1962 Dacca E.Pakistan Syed Mujibullah, P.O. Box 137, Ramna, Dacca, monkey dealer. He came in old jeep. A rather rough-looking hotel-chewing man, formerly of Calcutta. No beard, turban, or hat. He installed me in hotel & we lunched on rice, chicken + mutton curry. He said animals his only business, & that he sells monkey lives in Pakistan. He has shipped to Dubai, to Pflizer, Lederle, & other labs. He said about 14 separate camps where monkeys caught, held, & shipped to Dacca. Sometimes sent by charter plane. Method of catch; sleeping place of monkey found. In morning monkey to water. Man water net put around a piece of jungle or artificial jungle. Men help guide monkeys into netted area. Net may be 2000 yards" long, & 2-3/4 yards high. Monkey driven into net, & over 100 often taken from one catch. Dr. Warner of IMR has witnessed this, seen baiting, & made monkey malaria studies in E. Pakistan. Dr. Mack "from K.L. had also been here. Monkeys from forests, not towns & villages, so take bait poorly. / Mr. Davis of Shamrock Farms Inc., R.D. 2, Middletown, N.Y., is is dealer who buys from M. "Dr. Hopwood" of Washington has also bought.. Shipping via PAA or PIA; in N.Y. within 24 hours of shipping. Fewer restrictions than India, so no "certificate of need" required, JM can stop anywhere in Pakistan, & set max numbers per crate allowed in India, & can send smaller monkeys. N.Y. price about $28 for 4-8 lbs. monkeys. / Births Feb. to May here. Chittagong one of trapping centers; Burma & Assam border too. / He said recently sold king cobra to N.Y. Zoo for about $1500.

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C. Koford 40 Journal 18 March 1962 Dacca, Pakistan. He offered to introduce me to other monkey dealers in Dacca. He said Mr. Bowlin, commerce officer at U.S. Embassy, knew about his company. Not long ago M. in New York a week, & he expects to go again in April. He said he could supply certain sex-age from certain locality, & had done this for some people (Dr. Warren?). He also sells to Henry Trefflich, 228 Fulton St., New York 7. The other Dacca dealers, who have no farm as yet, are: Mr Hafizallah, Mahi Corp., 125 in Ah sanullah Rd. (Ah sanmanzu), Dacca 1. Teleph. 3030. To Davis (Mujibullah) he sends about 500/mo. At maximum he has available $8000 per month. He also confided that the jet freight rate for 500 kg. + over (300 monkeys) was much less than the BOAC rate from India. In part due to 20% surcharge in India for animal shipments! He knew Rei & Patterson companies. He said that Rei had tried to discredit Pakistan monkeys by personal talks. At another time it was published that Pakistan monkeys had malaria (they had ridden with monkeys from Kuala Lumpur), but Warren & other had found little more later. M. taken blood slides monthly for Dr. Warren. He said he has also tried to infect monkeys with malaria from mosquitoes. He said he has hybridized Macacus rhesus with stump-tail without great difficulty (kept or away from 9 for a time), and the hybrid had stump-tail face but rhesus tail. He claimed little to have had no difficulties in jet shipments, & could reach San Francisco in 20 hours, N.Y. in 24 hours. He had also had bad experiences with Gleeds, including one where D. had told him to ship too few cages, & another where D. claimed a large portion dead and checkups with PAA and SPCA gave different reports.

C. Koford Journal 18 March 1962 Dacca, E. Pakistan I visited the monkey farm. Very run down & small compared to Bateman and Vito. Near EPRTC (bus line) Stage No. 6, Holy Cross College. M. said he had fire there about a month ago, & nearly all burned. The monkeys were in 7' x 7' cages, & these (500?) were released, & later about 200 returned. Whole farm area about 150' by 200', surrounded by other dwellings & other buildings. Present cages are wooden sea-shipping crates, as some shipped by sea still. Air shipment cages similar to Bateman's, but without the drawer-type feeding trays. He said he had shipped 64 pregnant females (2 shipments) last year, & had no adverse report. Food: rolled rice, fruit, grain & similar grains, sweet potatoes. No know about "loel" fruit. At present he has about 100 monkeys, all adults. When sick, released, except good animals being readied for shipment given terramycin. SPCA in London apparently inspects monkeys & medicates if necessary. Collecting area all 3-400 miles from here. Some require boat transportation part of distance, but mostly rail transport. Bothan H. (India) told me without airlines now & total men volunteering lot questioning, that M. was well known and from a good family. (In charge govt. rdsearch) Dr. ?. He was about 250lbs. & said little, but legily sat. We had the usual for peanuts & fried tidbits, & tea. After we left I was told he was in charge of scientific & industrial research here, had written many scientific papers, & been chair of various committees & delegations. Both seemed to think there was no great difficulty in bringing in scientific equipment, & Warren Warren had brought microscope and similar items. In contrast to India, British, German, & other foreign cars here. Mujib said that about 1956 representatives drug companies came to Pak. & inquired about obtain-

C. Koford Journal 18 March 1962 Dacca, Pakistan [illegible] rhesus, but now available. He then has gone to Calcutta to see what rhesus was, to Delhi to see (in cognito) the Patterson & Vito farms, and to Lucknow vicinity to find trappers. He brought trappers to Pakistan and they trapped monkeys for him. So, according to M., he stated rhesus diseases in Pakistan. | Pakistanis do not drink, but with aid of my passport they secured 3 bottles of Pakistan (Laxan brand) beer for me (flat & apparently not alcoholic). M. showed let out, so he could not talk without a quick trip to bathroom to spit. 19 March 1962. Visited Edward, Rankin, Commercial officer in U.S. consulate. He said Mujib had good reputation, tho some difficulty with Asiatic Animal Imports over loss of monkeys. He showed me World Trade Directory report of April 1960, concern- ing S. Mujib. In Burma series 1951. Branch in Chittagong & camps: Sylhet, Myamensingh, Rajshahi, Cto's Bazar, Rangark, & Morochskari (lost 2 Chittagong Well Trots). Four travelling organizers. Rankin thought | From maps I saw that Chittagong hills was principal low- population forest area in E. Pakistan. (Rice, jute, sugarcane main crops there now). An- ever other forest area at [illegible] months in SW Pakistan, where R. said dangerous animals (& M. said some rhesus monkeys). | M. had promised to give me maps of trapping areas, but did not; he said he had given me to Warren. | I visited SEATO cholera lab, where talked with Dr. Gordon & Stockard (Super Agent), but they have known nothing of monkeys. Lab cooperative betw. U.K., Pak. (?), & U.S. (through NIH). Main problem water & susceptibility. Located on 3 floors of (one wing) of large concrete building, beyond airport site. | Visited Dr. Cassanos of

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Journal 19 March 1962 Dac-Dacca, E. Pakistan US-AID (floor below US Consulate). He had traveled much in E & W Pak- istan but knew little of wildlife and had not heard of Mujil- ullah or other dealers. Mostly interested in water, cholera, & malaria. But offered cooperation & some transportation in Chittagong Hills area. Said re- sarch projects done thru govt. Should have no difficulty, & no special import problems. The vet, W.H. Dietrich (Con- sultant, U.S.-AID, Adamjee Court, Motijheel, Dacca 2) absent, tho but should have knowledge condition monkeys in ship- ments. | I visited office of Mujilullah. St Crowsds between stor, about 10' wide. Sign at front said S. Mujilullah, Export- ers, Jute Manufacturers & Monkeys, Collector of Wild Animals, Birds, & Reptiles. Dark inside; crowded; 3-4 desks, & men working on books. Largely effort jute products & dried medicinal plant parts. He showed me newspaper picture of fire low- age (December 1961). Said not rebuilding farm as ex- pects soon to get land near airport for new farm. | I visited Akhter-Bazon co., of which Rankin but not Muji- bullah had told me. In 20'x 20'yards of gullyby res- ident on crowded street, wood sea shipping crates with wire fronts, with 100+ monkeys. About 1/2 3-4 lbs. in one air shipment crate. Mostly adults in fair condition. The boss, a red eyed hotel cleaner of about 50, said shipping to Bluch, but stalled when asked for names other custom- ers. Formerly to Trefflich, apparently. No atmosphere cordiality, neatness, or efficiency. | Then I visited Maki Corp., Mr. Nafizallah. Formerly worked for M.; but- spoke good English; handsome. Had no monkeys yet [not the owner]

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Journal 19 March 1962 Dacca, Pakistan but apparently planning to start, said Manhattan Labs. Corp. of N.Y. had offered to be agent. No customers yet, or credit references (etc. bank). In those days about 30'x60' box 20+ sea monkey shipping crates. | Visited CIA office. They appear to know about monkey shipments. In May will have jet flights Dacca to N.Y. without transshipment, arriving in about 2-3 hours. In some jets (Boeing 720?) can ship up to 40 crates monkeys in passenger planes, so small shipments no problem. (At least I'd heard that low rate freight Dacca to London been so slow as not return empty). | Again visited monkey farm. Two sheds, bamboo pole construction, about 20'x60'. One had 24 ocean shipping crates, & 70+ adult males (an order for 100 ad. $70?). Not nourished, but lean & looks dull (no oil in diet). Some had severe cuts. Among sick, some stump-tailed macaques. One adult on ground outside cages, dying. Roofs of bamboo matting, except for one, now of sheet metal. Area shipping cage 2'x3'x6' approx., with wire in fronts only. | I took evening plane to Calcutta. 20 March 1962. Took 0630 plane for Delhi, arriving about 10 a.m. It appeared that every available acre under cultivation on whole flight, & no slow growth in crops or greeneress (faint). Small sized plots all; no tractor farming apparent. | At zoo farm they were holding about 75 from Jupta at Tarakpur. In addition Mr. Jagdish had been to an area in Punjab, about 100 mi. from Delhi, & reports good trapping there, & had

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C. Koford 45 Journal 20 March 1962 New Delhi, India brought back 3 ad. & I. He told me it was easy to go by when Dhaman tried his to go, bus, leaving this afternoon. But he showed considerable reluctance and thought the trip would take 24 hours. I received cable from Nagel saying 85 monkeys arrives, minus 11/9/67 6 or 7 dead, + 2 each dying; that diarrhea rampant, & that apparent starvation thirst in cages. I about 50 monkeys from Tanchipur, sent after March 8, in cages; many sick and diarrhea severe among them. I called veterinarian & had a few of worst removed. The rest will be given 3 day sulfa treat- ment & any with diarrhea rejected. 21 March 1962. While I was in Malaya, Mr. Jogdish had scouted area near Karnal, about 110 mi. N. of Delhi, had arranged trappers there, & reported it good, with plenty monkeys all sizes. He was sent again afternoon of 20 March. By telephone this aft reported he had not relocated the trappers. But one of them turned upon at zoo farm, up so with "Johnny" (a sort of office boy) I went on rickety bus to Karnal, & met Jogdish, & we found where trappers were. 22 March 1962. Set out on 0610 hour for Bipli, where trappers were camped. Thence via tonga (horse cart) to Lodwa. Then walked about 3 miles across stub fields to tiny village of Bani. At edge a small lola, and 100 yd. drain area of 20 palms, shater palms, & thick 5' grass & brush. They set up two nets about 5' high, in all about 100' long, at at edge edge lake opposite of bare area. Then beat bushes on opposite side with sticks. One female apparently only animal present; they had said 10-12 there. Now they said someone else had trapped them. So walked back to Lodwa,

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C.K. Journal 22 March 1962 Punjabi Mr. Karnal, India Jagori (?) took bus to Jagodhi; then cycle ride show about 3 mi. N. to Jagadhri Forest (Mr. Jogdish said). Here scattered mixed broadleafs to 20' high, & 6' thick bushes in various clumps. Barley field alongside, & sugar cane a few 100 ft. away. I saw about 10 adults and 2 yrl. feeding on ground, apparently a sugar cane. But as soon as the trappers arrived they went dashing into the bush with their poles, & all monkeys were frightened into hiding. These trees part of a long serious belt, & doubtless many monkeys there, but seemed too thick for this type of catching. So I told men to try to catch, & to try again tomorrow. Johnny instructed to return tomorrow to inspect monkeys, record captures, and report to Mr. Dhawan. Jogdish & I returned to Karnal, thence to Delhi via bus. Another session - what we regarded was to find me good catchable group with high proportion 5-10 lbs.; J. had only evidence, promises, apt. inim, & repetition of what he said trappers had told him. Obviously trappers are an unreliable treacherous lot. 23 March 1962: at zoo farm, Delhi, saw that many of my caged monkeys from Tanakpur had severe diarrhea; one lying dead in cage; however, 5 specifically ordered out by vet. had been removed. These lay thousands in cages. I asked Dhawan, by telephone, to contact Deypta & have him drop off new location (Calcutta region). I spent evening with Ms. Rai and father at latter's home. They expect to be able to ship more.

C. Koford. 47 Journal 23 March 1962 Delhi, India egs lay yet within several days. They had tried to get permission to trap obtain monkeys in Nepal, with no success. 24 March 1962. Spent most of day getting camera & items - out of customs, enquiring into monkey shipping flight, & looking return trip to U.S. via Zurich. Spent evening with Capt. Dr. Subramanian, the army veterinarian who helps with Battersea monkeys. 25 March 1962. Took morning train to Bharatpur, where Dr. Sali Alkin, ornithologist of Bombay, and several students and cooperators were banding migratory birds in Ghana sanctuary. There was deer shooting during about 3 months season in this area, of about 10 sq. miles. Hunting rights belonged to Maharaja of Bharatpur. General area had appearance of Colorado River region in Calif., or lower Rio Grande Valley in Texas - flat, mosquito & thorn scrub, shallow weedy lakes. Many anhinga, small cormorants, kingfishers, storks, ibises, ducks, plowers, mullets, & other birds; a fine display. But some buffalos grazing allowed in some the preserve, & others had permits to take wood, so not a "sanctuary" except for breeding water fowl. Good rest house & bungalows available here. The group stayed in guest house near the palace of the Maharaja. In late afternoon we went to area of 10' brusha near wheatfields & put up about 12 large mist nets near brush roots. Flocks of 1000 and more passer in grain fields, rising, falling, flowing. These headed for brush & tree roots in evening, so that shy fell of them - perhaps 1/2 million or more

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C. Koford 48 Journal India Bharatpur, Rajasthan, 25 March 1962 in one square mile (in air). about 250 taken in nets - mostly B. disparidenis, but also P.d. pakiri and P.d. indicus. These banded in evening, + released. / Ali friendly energetic small man about 60 yrs. - a self-made ornithologist, and perhaps the only one in India (or save Biswas at Calcutta). / We saw one nilgai and one black buck on the preserve. Spotted deer water also present. But buffalo competition probably hard on there. Fair area for study of various species, especially water birds. We ergalensis came on one group of 40+ byps feeding on a carcass dry road. They seemed totally unafraid of car. Several fulvous mipad with the larger bengalensis, + a few Neophron. But no Torgo, though there were common in the sky. Drongo, sunbirds, drillulbs, green pigeons, parakeets, & other common. 26 March 1962. Completed bird banding. Walked about to observe birds & area. Departed on afternoon train for New Delhi, arriving about 1930. New Delhi 26 March 1962. About 0830 D bawan phoned + said that problemsome some had arrived from Sitapur. Perhaps there were small those in two bamboo cages, which contains a few ad- ults and many small monkeys, including one dead in cage. He also said that some to arrive from Jogabhi area sledges today. / The Sitapur monkeys had been sent by Madam Begum + obviously was not of single groups or contain- ed about 15 5 lb. monkeys each plus many 4 lbs, and no older, but decided to accept anyway. / Visited Gardiner Bump and had dinner with him. He had been in India 3 1/2 years, obtaining francolin, pheasants, and other

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C. Ko ford 49 Journal 26 March 1962. Delhi, India game birds for introduction into U.S. Good source info on much of India and problems travel, shipping, importing. Much difficulty with petty harassment by officials. I "Johnny" arrived from Kt Jogodhri area with only 9 monkeys. He reported groups small, about 7 in bunch, + that area of several groups visited. Dayta reported sending monkeys from near Calcutta. [Some] to be shipped given sulpha drug starting Mar. 25. Other will have for at least one day before shipment. I again noted caged specimens on shelves (two wood frames of cages). Also the sorting cage seemed newer to have been cleaned + was also cabled. I again visited M.S. Rai + was given two pale monkeys (0707, about 1 1/2 yrs. old). He said they have trapping permit in a large area of foothills near Kamrogan, + are not dependent on local contractors. The older Rai said his men reported animals being taken from Mailani area to Tonakpur area to sell or T. monkeys. To Zurich, Switz. 28 March 1962. Departed 0215 on PAA for Tehran, Tehran, Istanbul, Rome. Then Amman to Geneva & Zur- ich. Beautiful flight up coast of Italy + thru alps, passing close to Mt. Blanc. 30 March 1962. Visited Prof. Adolph Schultzy at Anthrop. Inst. He is to retire in a few weeks. He said that Hans Kummer & co-workers had studied Hanadyean baboon (4 gelada) in Africa, + had found characteristics con- siderably different than in baboons studies by [illegible] George & Washburn. Visited Prof. Heinz Hediger at Zurich Zoo. They

C. Roford 50 Journal 30 March 1962 Zerich, Switzerland had one infant golden lion in captivity. Two young chimps in ape house.. otherwise little change in zoo since 1960 visit. 1 Freight flight with monkeys did not arrive 1600 as scheduled- finally arrived 0500 of 31 March; I boarded ( Constellation ) and accompanied to London, arri- ing 1030, with brief stop Frankfurt en route. Monkey area in plane about 7' high by 10' wide. Cages stacked thus in cross section ( drawing of cages ), so 3 rows. Two new spent most of time in flight in feeding & watering animals. They had re- moved dead adult # in Berlin; a 4 lb. one near death by Frank- anotherﬁat, + another died in London. I asked animal man on plane if died monkeys of Patterson shipment, as some of Vita also on board. He said "of course; Vita almost never has losses." | Area of monkeys seemed well ventilated & of suitable temperature. | At London airport animals unloaded into closed van, in cold wind. Taken to R S P C A building, where put in clean warm room, cages cleaned, water given, and dog dis- fuit. The building well scrubbed and cleaning thorough, with new non-stick put in cage trays. Their records showed that one died in cage 56 in our shipment of Feb. 11; Okwen said Patterson told him that 12 were dead in N.Y., on that shipment. Today animals due to leave about 6 p.m. on Leebord for N.Y. I went to N.Y. on PAA flight 73 arriving about 1810 p.m. E/ 1 April 1962. Flights delayed by bad weather. De- parted for on PAA flight 211 about 7 p.m., and arrived at San Juan about 11 p.m. | Monkey shipment arrived about 0800 San Juan on April 4, almost 6 days in tran-

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C. Koford 51 Journal 1 April 1962 San Juan, P.R. (96 alive; 45 alive after 24 hrs.). Sit: The shipment sent from Delhi on March 11 had arrived on the evening of March 17, 6 1/2 days in transit, with 69 animals alive, of which 4 were apparently dying. Addendo - Hardwar, near Dehra Dun, a holy place where rhesus monkeys said to be abundant and not disturbed. Monkeys were installed on La Cueva & Guayacan Islands, nr. La Parguera, P.R. Start of colony's there. End

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C.B. Koford 1964 Journal Galapagos, Ecuador

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Koford Journal - Galapagos Trip, 1964 6 January 1964. San Juan, P.R., to Berkeley, Calif. Departed San Juan 1000, Delta Air Lines via New Orleans to San Francisco. Arrived 4:10 p.m. Went to Berkeley. Berkeley, Calif 7 - 9 January 1964. Various meals & symposia with others of the Galapagos International Scientific Project, sponsored by Univ. of Calif. Extension, led by Dr. R. Uengler. Shopping & preparations. 10 January 1964. With about 50 other members, boarded Calif. Maritime Academy training ship "Golden Bear" near Vallejo. We all bunked in one large compartment. Departed about 11 a.m. 11-18 January 1964. Morning & afternoon symposia on board as we sailed S. We passed close by Guadalupe Is., said to be inhabited by goats. A few dozen large trees on top, unseen from E. side. Birds at sea: four gulls at first, then albatrosses, fulmars, black-footed albatross (2 mos.). Later boobies, tropic birds, frigate birds, gannets, petrels. Occas. porpoises or flying fish, & one day many red crayfish-like crustaceans at surface. But usually rare Jan. 17 and 18 and #9 and seldom over a dozen birds in sight. About 13 stratus overcast. 19 January 1964. We arrived at Galapagos Is. & cruised past Pinta, Fernandina, F. side Albemarle, W. side James & Darwin, to Academy Bay, arriving mid afternoon. Most were pleasantly surprised at quantity & greenness of vegetation on Albemarle & others. Many sea birds among islands, & we saw a few sea lions in sea. Academy Bay, Indefatigable 20 January 1964. Unloaded ship at Academy Bay. The local aspect a jumble of small lava boulders being milled the opuntia & cactus stalk with their under-covers. Mangroves on some

Koford 2 Journal - Galapagos 20 January 1964. Academy Bay, indefatigable shoalier. Water clear at 500+ ft. dull morning, rising & breezing midday. The further rummers + tame, as advertised; yellow warbler + mocking bird common. Some finches mating. No toucan seen. Both some flies, & some mosquitoes circling. A brief sprinkle in night. 21 January 1964. Official dedication of Charles Darwin station, with 2 members govt junta of Ecuador present. Many speeches, much confusion. Talked with Bud Davies, - Roth, Argemeyer, Alf Kastelan, about farming, fishing, economics. 22 January 1964. Most of visitors left, leaving only scientists. Went shin diving near station; saw 3 kinds sea anemone, sea cucumbers, bottle stars, hood rayed starfish, many fish similar to Puerto Rico - pomacentridae, sparet fish, surgeon fish, butterfly fish. Took langusta, about 4 lbs. 23 January 1964. Helped with local fish & crustaceata collect- ing.

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Koford Journal - Galapagos Islands 21 January 1964 Dick Academy Bay / indefatigable. Talked with Mr. Roth, who has been here about 8 mos. and lives at Horneman's farm, about 800 ft. elev. He said now few potatoes because of drought. Coffee produced, but processing difficult. Has heard fish traps do not work well here. Much agave is felled. Introduced grasses planted, including pampas & elephant grass and - vin. Alf Kost- dalen has ranch near Horneman's. Holstein dairy herd, & doing well. In drought fed banana stems, cut and then or ground. To clear ground, a vine (bean) used, & elephant grass in openings; then choke out other. Drought Jan.- July, 1963; resulted less cattle & other feed. Lantana introd. by Croyes 20-30 yrs. ago; not on Santa Cruz. Cherimoya spreading. Draca too (offer cattle spread it?). Now more animals high on hills than before, when drunk there. Dry areas least changed. Micronia replaced by mixture brush. Dry shrub zone a buffer against spread of plants from other islands. Hibiscus mainly shrub zone. Cattle - father of Costas introd. about 1933. Keptel. fire 20 yrs. (28?). Pigs introd. about 1937; lived on at first. Eat roots Pleia squarula (sp. ?). Turtles larger now than before. Burros, burros & pigs & cattle had settled in drought yrs., 1963. Dogs now rare on Santa Cruz. 22-23 January 1963. Skin diving, fish & invert. collecting, near Darwin station. Bottom a jumble angular lava boulders, with no sea fans & rare corals. But schools surgeon fish, mullet, parrot fish, others - abundant fish. Caught large longtooths 200 yds. off station landing. 3 common sea anemone; brittlestar common; anemones few; sponges abundant. Marine squires common,

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Koford Journal - Galapagos 22-23 January 1964 Academy Bay, Indefatigable I/s, Galapagos. in station area. Apparent ad or sit atop high rocks, or aftertoid with barn (Nerida Dowling studying there). 24 January 1964. Left 0730 on trip with John Henderson to La Fe to seek nest of tortoise. Boatman David Belfour; tortoise guide Gilberto Moncayo. Saw sea turtle & several mantas of large size, at edge slabs, about 1 mile offshore as we headed W. in 14' outboard. At 0835, stopped at La Tata, at W. end of a long cliff (bananas). Several sea lions lolled on white (no small pups, but no half-sized). Breakish open pool 100 yds. looks from shore, & a few goats there. Some brown with black milled & down frizzle; other black. Males large. Vegetation much luster by goats near water hole; many trails, broken brush, but much green brush still. In high ground, droppings goats & burros common, & once got seen, but not within 50 yds - away. Mostly concentrated near pool. We looked for tortoise nests for 1/2 hrs, but found none, this found droppings (old). Moncayo said most

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Koford Journal- 24 January 1964. Late, indefatigable Galapagos is. shores; sometimes in groups 6+. Tidal range about 5' with 3/4 gibbous moon. Some protected baylets. Old tortoise lover here & there, + very old whole shell. Mangrove cropped to brown line 6' up, by hurrises + goats presumably. We started land about 3 p.m., on bonderstrum level ground, among tree open- ias, cacton, hurrisia trees. Goat droppings everywhere - nearly a meter of ground without, but presumably slow to decompose. a tortoise shell found 3 yrs. ago, + then old, still had plates on it. about 1/2 mile inland, Monego found nest with dead newly hatched young, runnified. Later I found, 14 meters from this; nest with fresh eggs - about 9, which Henderson sketched, photod, + collected for hatching at station. Nest siter on open ground, where some goat trodded, in red soil. Found by noting slightly raised spot with plastered appearance. Heard goats + lambs at night near camp; saw none by day. Mod. druggy + 1 hr. rain at night. 25 January 1963. More search in area for tortoise nests. Found on a tail an area of several old nests + empty old eyg shell - evidently return to same site again & again. We found shell of killed female (cut plastron) with notch marks; M. said he marked it about 3 months ago. According to M, nests in slightly low flat zones with large spaces (2' +) between black lava boulders, + there areas are limited. If freedom from overbid vegetation important, goats may improve cover for tortoise nesting. Mocking birds corona + tame; many groszizids - one building nest between

Koford Journal 25 January 1964. La Fe, Indefatigable Is. 2 vertical sector pde. Yellow-walled Myrmechm-type fly-catcher. W saw 2 goofy black & brown, mid morning. Walked back to shore landing & spent night; sprinkle of rain and mosquitoes. 26 January 1964. Skin diving at La Fe. Collected marine algae. Saw several sharks with [illegible] tail & white type 2 (cut) dorsal fins, are about 6' long. Schools various fish. Saw 12+ larger in 1 hr. & took 3. They are as wary & fast as the Puerto Rican variety. Some coral heads on rocks, with one giant five grained white sand. Balfour arrived, & we returned via outboard to C Darwin station, arriving 12:15 p.m. | Allyn Smith said he saw a low coyote-like dog not far from town. | At La Fe, Marguerite Browne dive at about 6' in all species, finding Cryptocarpus vines in trees. 27 January 1964. In afternoon walked up "old trail" toward Buena Vista for 1¼ hrs. Increased vegetation after short rise. Trail one hour wide & rough with boulders in soil & mud; rather hard walking. Buena Vista said to be ½ mi. from Norman's ranch, which is in rather lush area. Tatoro area about 1 hr. E. then 3 N. of Normano (Dr. Forbig). No rain at Dead Bay today. 28 January 1964. Group left for Town & Culpepper-Warren trips. Bad Darwin on larger boats at Dead Bay. About 11000 lbs, tails per mo. per boat (6 men). One big boat has 30 men. Fishermen get 7 cents/lb. (18 to $1). About 100 employed total. Laid when taken; then to freezing plant at Dead Bay, & by ship to Guayaquil. Said tunnel with poor or too much repair. Tails ineffective. Tails ½ to 1 lb. each.

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Koford Journal 28 January 1964. Academy Bay, Indefatigable Is. Dives says illegal to fish within 1 mi. town (?) . David Balfour & local boy Ralph later told me the big lobster boat in the Forebay, the shipping boat the Vilanel. Ralph said up to 9 aucus/lb. paid for tails; formerly 5. Due of de freezing plant an outsider, -aro. 29 January 1964. To Barrington Island, Galapagos Departed 0740 on Balfour's ketch Lucent for Barrington. Caught with trolling line 1 dolphin about 4c way over; looked & lost another. Ralph said about 10 boats, mostly from Acos. Bay but some from Week Bay, fish for grouper, eap. Now to eastn. but about 5000 lbs./hr. each. Salted in barrels; rinsed, dried, & sent to Longyogrid. Live fishing. Mr. Barrington we saw 2 boats fishing; about 6 men a boat with hand lines or boat drifted beam to leeward. Later these boats came into bay of Barrington, cut & salted their fish. They said fishing poor. | We saw 2 herders over & 2 foote on Barrington before landing. Cliffs of stelfield their lava; much opentess over top. Small harbor very clear water & 2 see hair, small sand breaks with many sea lions. One will study the seals. Ith goats. Briefskin dive showed some langsters in boulder tangle at bay edge of inlet at month bay. Other fishes similar to Indefatigable area. No mangroves, but some green bushes near shore. Burens & other shrubs mostly mottly gray & leafless. | Boat droppings & trash everywhere, & several skeleton goats in bay area. About 1730 I surveyed hillside & saw 7 goats, all adults, not over 2 in groups. All black or brown. Thony low green brush nr. shore little cropped, "mangaito" level lush browse line at 3'; & Cryptocarpus eaten to near leaflessness wherever it grew. | Fisherman came to beach to seine for bait; sea line almost caught in net - was in loop but jumped.

Koford journal 29 January 1964. Barrington Is. Galapagos out. Some small sea iguana on open coast just outside bay to N. of beach. / about 50 sea lions using 50 yd. long sand beach (5 of the 2), with a bull calling much of time, or into night. Some small pups! 30 January 1964. Sea lion barkin all night. "Lurett" returned to Academy Bay. I walked to top ridge N. of beach & out it to W., then back. Saw spider crab - barbed cactus pads chewed through, apparently to get center 3/4" pulp. Injured timber opercula also chewed at edges surface layers, enlarging wound. Some burena timbre had bark bitten or scraped off in 4" x 8" section near base, as if by goats. Most heard lichen above 5", but not sure got effect. Scratched hollows in soft soil common, goat roll a bit then ? / goats about 7 am, black & brown od. fed at green shrubs at shore S side " " I saw another anchyline to SE, 2 black obs. center cliffs to S. Probably descend at night, ascend in morning. But few in proportion to sign - in dry shrub it lasts, & perhaps many shot in camp zone. 10720, left camp. Status overcast. At top ridge S. of camp, 2 hembra set on opercula pod of tree & let me approach to 8'. Nearly black birds. Occasionally I saw yellow-green or brown mottled land iguana about 3' long. Some in boulders or on thin, some loose operation, & taken to hide in soil. Smallest about 18" long. I saw about 20, nearly stepping on some. Usually allow approach to 10' or less. / I saw 2 black goats in 100 yds. flat atop sand ridge S. of bay; little veg. there, & few rocks. / I saw mocking bird hopping on back of large iguana on rocks; bird pecked at scul or maybe of lizard - he compliant. Later saw mocking hops within 6" resting iguana; common area.

Koford Journal - Galapagos 30 January 1964 Barrington Is. Galapagos. 2 eaten? NW, bed camp canyon, down 9,+ sep. of (?). Goat trails stand out in canyon (wide) bottom, being light on black lava (prob. alb.) surfon. Trails up canyon. 0940, t (3br.,1bl.) w est of camp canyon; largest group seen on rocky hill. Heard bleate chubbs! at high level, laurel trees have one foliage. | 1030,I was opposite right peak about 1 mi. W.of camp; 1 black goat in peaks. ¼ mile to W, 2 1050,2 black, feeding. Actually I saw more skeletons than goats. 1130,jumped 3 lying in brush near ridge top, at 50 yds. (10? 299 ?); 3 2 boot or all black. 1155, returning E. in next canyon S.of camp, I 1 heard bleats + finally black kid ran by at 50yds., slowly. Home about 8"; cured; only bird I have seen (the saw 3 kid skeletons). also 3 saw 3 black adults on S. side of canyon, feeding; 2 another, alone, on. 1 island summit. Saw 22 altogether, only 1 x kid,+ that probably several months old - poor reprod.? or young shot for food? | Collected: Doves under rock or flat red dust ground. Saw several dove which allowed approach to about 8'| Many flies at camp near brook - sea lion's goat of recent attract. Last eve we saw tom Orygomyx at camp,+ mouse ate it uncovered food. Said to be annoying least times. Some groszigys, Myiarchus, x Dryodocia seen. But Peromimus most conspicuous bird. Overcast night + much less sea lion calling than previous night.| When floodlight turned on in evening in brook area, hundreds of flies came - prob-ably from sea lion! On set 20+ traps + took 2 Orygomyx before 8 p.m. 31 January 1964. 7 more Orygomyx in traps. | I departed 0740; 410 clouds. Walked to E, up rocky hill, then to

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Koford Journal - Galapagos 31 January 1964 Barrington Is., Galapagos S. and W. to a high summit close tuff cliffs. In bottom down, long reeds flowered forl proud to have root (a dried stalk) 10 mm. down. Also a fine green grass in patches com- ens among rocks of wash. A coarse bunch grass cropped to 3" and all dead. / Bursera + yellow V flowered tree to 15' tall, often with new leaves upper parts; strong odor of Bursera may protect it from goats; bleeds where injured. Green-new smelling shrub cropped low. / 1045, on a 5-10% fairly rocky slope about 1 mile (over 2 ridges) S. of camp, 5 goats, appear. all black. (Last eve, 5:30 p.m., On new gp. 3 black, + another 2 brown 1 black, about 200 yds. SW of camp.) Higher hill of 3rd. ridge S. of camp, covers about 6' deep + 6' high in tuff; there sleeping goat stomach, + many bones in cave + nearby. Should noting places? / During day while away from camp area I counted unwashed (no anything color) skulls. Of 29 counted, 2 imm. and 6 kid (<1 yr old), rest adult - appear to be at least 10 ?, 7 ?, other ?, judged by size + horns. / Of living animals, saw 1 bl. 2 brown od., 2 bl., 1 bl., 2 bl. +? 2 br. or or, 1 bl. ?, 1 bl. imm., 4 bl. ad., 2 bl. 3 brown od. (Onv - possibly all or or), 1 bl. 2 brown (in camp again; killed the brown one, or). All odds. except as noted - 17 black + 9 brown, + black imm. / Shot one chestnut brown, black fore, head, midl. stripe, ant. fee & hindlegs, anterior shoulder, + lateral abdomen. Horn along wide curve, 47 mm. long from crown. Distl 83mm. Length 122 cm; tail 12 cm. Beard 5" long, hind ft. 26 1/2 cm.

Koford Journal 31 January 1964 Barrington Is, Galapagos Lion small, but no apparent cysts. No stomach content, worms found, nor ectoparasites. (Examined after lay overnight). Testes 90 mm, shrivelled, of which 17 were conde epid., x 45 diam. Slightly milky fluid studied cute eyes. Pomer content great - full + bulging, & wet. About 3?o gram matter, including whole leaves + some brick stones. Also cactus parts. Mostly tan color. have selected items from stomach. No green apparent. Molars black dorsal half; P4 long upper + worn lower resemble gus. Malocclusion apparently common; 2 of the counts (phil.) today had similar defect./Laruelle + 3 cats arrived. 1 February 1964. Windy night. 2/10 clouds morning. Clamied goat carcass. Visited islet at north bay; about 100 yds. wide by 300 long, with many Opuntia there. No signs goats. Main difference from mainland site were presence abundant succulent plants (24%), unbruised brush about 5' tall but still with only few leaves O, and many cactus pods + fallen fruits under every opuntia tree (pubesca 10x mainland no). "Mangrute" x Cryptococcus spp. unbruised, to ground + 5' high. No false or grasses, but lack possibly due to salt spray there./Remains 3 dead sea lions on islet, one sticking up with old hide, one very old. See hair & bones on seaward side & islet tip. Much white on rocks, like old goose, scattered dry sea lion near./In evening climbed to top ridge 5- of camp (broken), arriving 1645, to look for goats in area about 1 mi. N-S, 1?/2 mi. E-W. Saw 2 obs.; lamb #?, blk. #?, 1 mi. W. of camp. Then saw 1 blk., 1 br. 2 blk. at 207; 1 blk., 1 br. at #, on ridge N. of camp, ?/4 mile W. next - Prob same as ones saw yesterday eve. These gradually walked E., to lower ground near bay, arriving there 5:55. At that time, blk. & br. obs.

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Keford Journal - Galapagos. 1 February 1964 Borrington Is, Galapagos; just 3 of 5 real beach; worked maybe high in finding on beaches. Appea- rently at least 9, but prob not over 10, in area surveyed. A “beach” land once, but arrived not seen (young ?). / Back at camp 1835; still light enough to read. / Lemelle go. Had dug 2 soil profile beaches island today. 2 February 1964. Lv. 6 a.m. 10/10 station. Walked up slow to W group, looking for summit. 0735, saw summit to SW (had stopped 20 min.). 0755 “mangarita” stet on flat when 12+ Cryptocarpus beaches to 10’ tall, drew line at 5’; stet -> 4 1/2' photod. D hiked for summit. 0825, saw 5, all od. 0707 (large forest long beaks). Come up on 12+ “mangarita” beaches, drew line 4 1/2’. Cactus roots 1/2” long near bare trunk, pulled up + ends chewed off, doubtless by goats. I saw this soil places, the trees not currently dying of effect. In this high country, at least 1 in every 5 opuntia has 1 or more pads lying near base (the may be dry, unwettable); whereas near camp, about 9 out of 10 have no pads at all. / Long beard lichen on lunsera; these fronds rare below 4 1/2’; possibly cropped dry goats, the rock + other low lichens show no evidence of use. / I saw one od. or grow at ever browner thick pieces fallen opuntia branch; pained to remove five remaining species? Had 1/2 eaten, mostly from one flat side. Shot him. Stom contents wet, with about 10 % sea fresh cactus or other succulent material (perhaps 3% near camp). Doubtful that whole daily trip down 600 ft slope to sea daily. line. Do parasites seen. Liver uncoated. No fat. Bubbling brown with black middles + big black stripes, black face. He was with a female + kid (3 nos ?). Bezel 1/2 colored black, + again upper (about 94) long, lower P short correspondingly [illegible] Molar rows, sides. Mr. summit, goats fomer + perhaps more coming. One very small,

Koford Journal Ecuador 2 February 1964. Barrington Is., Galapagos Is, perhaps 1-2 mos. SW of highest (W.) summit, I saw 16 geese at once. Widely spaced large brown and opints, with many rather evenly spaced mottles of common spreading stirking red-fruited buck. Animals mostly resting/ Only 1 apparent bird of in 16. / In gp. of 11: +2? GP=threes: 3 ad ?, 3 ad. ??; 2 min. ??, in one gp.; remainder 400 yds. distant from three. In gp. of 11, only 3 brown. (Both on a vivacious block marked as black. / On summit flat, prostrate buck lunch of Brosopic type, green leaves, some legume fruits, sticking. Not seen shrubus. I collected one large (12") fern in sheltered shade ever on N. side of highest point, about 20' down from summit. / Other area I near summit, evenly spaced 1 1/2 ft. high lucules of common type, leaf D and smelling of fresh sea peats. / On windward slope, S. side - island, lichen common - rocks seen painted in pale yellow green, & luscious festoonal. Damper than N. slope probably. Also, on one slope the "mangosito" lucules to 10' high, sparsely spread, lowered at 5'. Look at about 600' level, apparent dried sand, with many stiles dead sedge, cropped at 3-6". No living sedge seen (as on inlet in bay). / Also left summit 1/30. About 1330, came a band 6 ??, 2 ln. + black, all ads. Near them a black ?? with ? bird leg gone at heel; he lay on side, neck outstretched head & pulled up so no throat & chin in straight line. Killed him, but found no wound. Drag out ground into a long thrashing site. Rumor Bleach 1/2 full, no green or succulent pieces, no obvious ends- periscute + no setos. Liver thin, small. No fat. Leg wound long healed wounded & followed from ere. (Possibly shot by me or Balfour on previous day). / Once & two small birds about 2" long, the most

Journal - Galapagos 2 February 1964 Barrington Is., Galapagos Is. do not. I am uncertain about appearance imm. of horns, dead? / One giant had track down about 28"/ Few shelter near high est country. On today's route saw only 9 (1 mi. or from camp): 2 kids, 3 ad ♀, 3 ad ♂ (smaller, straighter horns), 1 imm. Two had the typical malocclusion. / Of live animals, I saw following gps.: Br. ad. ♂ - Bl. ad. ♂♀ (buzzed; no beard) - Bl. ad. ♀, bl. imm., br.♂, those 0729 hd. canyon w. of camp - Br. ad. ♂, Bl. ad. ♂ 0755 - 4Bl. ♂ / Br. ♂ ad. 0815 - Br. ♂ Bl ♀ ad. 0835 - 0855, flat ½ mi. NE summit isl.f ♂, big kid, br. small kid - shot br. ♂ w. Bl. ♂♂ Bl. kid - Nr. summit, bl.ad. ♂, 2br. ad. ♀♀, 1 br. kid, 0940 - Bl. ad. ♂ - Top, 2 bl. ad. ♂, 1 br. ad. ♀ - bl. ad. ♂, br. ad. ♂, bl. ♂ - br. ♂ imm. - bl. ad. ♂, 2 bl. ad. ♂♀ - br. ad. ♂, bl. imm. ♂ - br. ad. ♂, bl. imm. ♂, bl. ad. ♂, br. kid. - 3 br. ♂, 1 bl. ♂, 1bl. ♂ - 2 br. ♂ - 2 bl. ♂ - 2ad. ♂, 1imm. ♂, black - bl. ♂, br. ♂ - 4bl. 2br. ad. ♂ (1330). 1bl. ♂ ad. (shot). Totals: 62 seen; 24 br. 36 black. (♂ 15-18; ♀ 5-13); ♂/♀ = 34/18 = 188 ♂/100 ♂♀.; doe-fawn, 18/5 = 100/28 (perhaps should include imm.♂., if those < yr.). Lgst. ♂ hand = 6. Mixed = 3 ♂ ♂ 2imm. 1 kid + ? / Ted Bopfenfuss said he saw 6+ goats about ¼ mile S. of station near Devil's pond about 5 p.m. / Yellow flowered tree: Cordia lutea; "margenita" = Maytime clover (Calestrance). 3 February 1964. Tone double nr. camp allowed opposite to 2'. Some orgynizes now across creek at night, & others in food supplies. Departed Barrington about 9 a.m. & returned to Academy bay on course with sail + motor; arrived 12 noon,

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Koford Journal 12 February 1964 To Hood Island, Galapagos Is. Rain & wind night. Left Acod Bay with 17 others 0700 by patrol boat for Hood Is. Wet trip into waves. Arrived 12:15 p.m. at Oto. Lacey. We set up camp N side peninsula. To S, colonies of cracked & blue faced boobies (former mostly w. eggs, latter w. nestlings), and some forked tailed gulls (eggs + young). All approach- able to touching distance or nests. Marked boobies nearer shore. Area of nesting open, tho w protecti smoke-gum shrub common, and a 6' shrub at intervals. Boats probably aid in keeping shrubs small & low, thus favouring nesting area. A low smell-loved spiny shrub clearly bound. Boa lino common; some small groups, & little large boa's bobbing & thrusting when approached. Marine iguanas common, & have verdigris green dorsally, with dull red sides, strikingly different color than at Santa Cruz. Boobies strike at them when iguanas approach closely. Iguanas also close to sea line, the red tropic w/ color, gulls. Many small iguanas; none as large as on station on Santa Cruz. | On camp, mostly Cryptocarpus buxifolia, heavily browsed by goats. | Within 1/2 hr. after landing, Opayefuna shot kitt 2 & 2 min. camp area, with pistol. Kid 07, about 20 lbs., bay color. 1 rd. + no emb., some milk nipples, no end. follicles, no glands. 1 rd. & boy, white blaze side, one udder full, 3" glands. I also saw brown ed. & min. camp. The stomach had about 25% green material; whole leaves shrubs & twigs to 2" x 1/4". Cryptoc. twigs included: some mesuunini fat; otherwise no deposits. Apparently more app. shrubs than Berington; zoo goats fatter, density high, higher prop. G + & kids, four black, some with white marks (rare on B). More buxifolia & closer, taller, so even in red leafless state (now), hard cannot see animals at distance. | about 1/4 mi. E of camp, on N shore, an opuntia tree, 18" L.b.h. No pads or branches below 6',

{ "text": "Koford\n\nJournal\n\n12 February 1964\nHood Is., Galapagos Is.\nprobably became of goats. Nest lone openia, ¼ mile farther E.; no\npods beneath either, & no signs small plants. Apispa fine + flexible\nor leaves.\n\n13 February 1964. Departed 0800 for hike to area summit. Walked\nalong N. shore. 0825, saw od. ♀ lay, laid (2\" lone), lay, ½ mi. E. Camp.\nShel. w. kids; od. ♂, 9\" lone (ant. curve). Near shore, Maytenu luscus\nwith brown line at 5.' Some also had Cryptocarpum, vine like, in type\nw. Mayt. luck dead a shrub. Bank Mayt. had old healed scars, as of horn\nor hoof scraper, sometimes nearly girdling. A few 4' shrub, green\nshiny lanceolate 3\" leaves, apparently not eaten (collected). Prosopis\ncommencet tree on N. slope, to 10'-15'. Lower leaves to ground level,\nhigh low\nthe tips many branches browned. Palatability- Mayt, Crypt., Prosop,\napparently. Apispa very protect Boconia. /07 shell, 21\" lone (came\nto tip or curve medial edge), malocclusion, w. m. shot. /0843, group\nof ♂, 5♀♀, 2 kids. ♂ lay with black nidd. Kids close to ♀♀ in\nalarm. Starts away when I to 50 yds. / Old shell, 26¾\" on\nmedial edge lone, about 380° twist. / Being inland 400 yds., boulder\n100' to a dry mesquite bunch (little else), rare Maytenu heavily\ndrowned. Pop. density poor. Lowlsh in pure mesquite. / Bed\non N. coast 0940. Cryptocarpum among boulders browned lone. Saw\n2♀.\nod. ♂, od. ?, laid. Some Banana tree w. a few green lvs. (as\nat Bannington). 0955 on shore, grp. of 7, ♀ mouth lay down. ♂, one\n4 more\nblack nidd. ♂, one white blaze side; another faded lay (w. white) head\n& lower parts. No kids. 3 od. ♂, 1 od.♀♀ (one w. large field saddle).\nSome reached for Cryptocarpum on hind feet, backs nearly vertical, fore\nfeet in branches. / Occas. Parkinsonia, in bloom. Banana bark fully\nscraped, as of teeth - & a fallen one had nearly all bark removed; no\n``` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{}` `}{ [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

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Koford Journal 13 February 1964 Hood Island, Galapagos Is. 220 not at edge (most normally pristine ?). Near coast N. of summit, saw 3 scaled Opuntia in mesquite. Walking inland (5), 1130, entered edge open gora, small boulders scattered for brushier, occas. opunt. (7,8') ias (50 to 200 yrs. apert). Photos: 1 Opuntia. This was above a review Bursero gen. Occas. India tree (yellow flower) or Castilia low bush. Opuntia - branch stubs lower down, at about 6'. Numerous limbs, tho spined. One had stiff spines part trunk (prob. young plant has large spine, the lower parts have soft spines). / Freckly Recently dead brown or lay under slope trees. Higher, was Opuntia on N. slope. One 2' diam.: many goat droppings nr. / 1250, Black ♂, 2 brown + ad.♀, 1 br.+bl. yr./ All 4 ♀♀ in clump, 4♂ stayed close to ♂. He buzzed at me, at 50 yds. / 13p, ad. & chocolate w/ white side blaze, ad. & ten, ad. ♂? / On open area, many tufts fine bunch grass, grazed to 2"; dead & dry, but new growth & foals 1-2" high nearly every step at about 500' level: so good seed germination, + small herbs alongside boulders & small rocks. Water standing in hollows in rocks. / 1250, I was at about 550', to N. of peak, & started back to W. / 1305, gp. 3 ad.♀ (davy w. white blaze side chest, day, & buckskin), big bay kid. / 1400, gp. 3 ♂ (bay, 1 w. white blaze). / 1400, 3 ♂ ♂ ♂ ad. 1435, gp. 2 ♂ (bay w. large side blaze; black-brown) + 1 ad.♀. Returns to camp. / Picked up shell ad. ♂ and pup ♂ Balophus or beach. / Off beach in front camp, got 2 fine Langostas in 20 min.-groupers, parrot fish, green-spined crabs, & usual thme. 14 February 1964. 11 of us left via petrol boat for Charles, leaving 7 (Bartholomew, Benedictus, Anderson, Peterson, Ortiz, Carpenter, K.) on Hood, with Castro & D'Latano / I'm photosing at weather shore, a big wave took me by surprise & soaked

{ "text": "Koford\n\nJournal\n\n14 February 1964.\n\nHood /s, Galapagos /s.\n\ncamers, lizards, or well as carrying off river water. Some sea\nlion pups very small; perhaps 1-2 wks old. / 1410 I looked for\ngoats to E of camp. 500 yds. E., 2 ad. ??; one day, one bay with\nlarge white area site (now white then colored); one chestnut with black\nmiddles & other items. An hour later, same 2 still together.\nAd.\nAnother 2 ??, one day on tar. / On apurita 4 rods high,\nin open, 200 yds. S of large apurita nr camp | Parkerfoot\nOrtiz reported seeing at least 5 young apuritas in likes to\nsummit yesterday. P said he saw an gp. about 15 goats.\nIn elators (?) nesting one above cliffs, Cryptocarpus\nbrowned very low by goats. B+C little browned. I\nfound leaves on stubs (2\") Cretan larch; goats tried to\ncut them off?\n\n15 February 1964. By Costio's boat to Puerto Carllos; took over\n2 hr. Now 1 abal shark, 1 Chelon, or way. On point, one young\nflying headed albatross ran about, then ads seen. Marked\nlooking for eggs & young; a few hundred. Prob fork-tailed gulls\nnesting, but no blue-footed boobies. / In an rocky hill area, mod.\nAssuming - like succulent, mod. I found but still going strong.\nSaw no goats, but many droppings & skeletons. Bits of old\nredes station (to 1945?). Several aspect of gray dead brush cut\nout & told much of it marquis with few leaves; some leafless\nCordia, & other leafless species. Goats had browned Cryptocarpus\nheavily, but grew. Costio ran; now always near landing\narea. We had new red pasture trees nr. NE pt. of island, &\nseveral on small offshore islands. Other or isaw birds,\nwhich we waited 1:15 to 2:30 p.m. Much more intertwined\n``` ```json\n{\"text\": \"Koford\\n\\nJournal\\n\\n14 February 1964.\\n\\nHood /s, Galapagos /s.\\n\\ncamers, lizards, or well as carrying off river water. Some sea\\nlion pups very small; perhaps 1-2 wks old. / 1410 I looked for\\ngoats to E of camp. 500 yds. E., 2 ad. ??; one day, one bay with\\nlarge white area site (now white then colored); one chestnut with black\\nmiddles & other items. An hour later, same 2 still together.\\nAd.\\nAnother 2 ??, one day on tar. / On apurita 4 rods high,\\nin open, 200 yds. S of large apurita nr camp | Parkerfoot\\nOrtiz reported seeing at least 5 young apuritas in likes to\\nsummit yesterday. P said he saw an gp. about 15 goats.\\nIn elators (?) nesting one above cliffs, Cryptocarpus\\nbrowned very low by goats. B+C little browned. I\\nfound leaves on stubs (2\") Cretan larch; goats tried to\\ncut them off?\\n\\n15 February 1964. By Costio's boat to Puerto Carllos; took over\\n2 hr. Now 1 abal shark, 1 Chelon, or way. On point, one young\\nflying headed albatross ran about, then ads seen. Marked\\nlooking for eggs & young; a few hundred. Prob fork-tailed gulls\\nesting, but no blue-footed boobies. / In an rocky hill area, mod.\\nAssuming - like succulent, mod. I found but still going strong.\\nSaw no goats, but many droppings & skeletons. Bits of old\\nredes station (to 1945?). Several aspect of gray dead brush cut\\nout & told much of it marquis with few leaves; some leafless\\nCordia, & other leafless species. Goats had browned Cryptocarpus\\nheavily, but grew. Costio ran; now always near landing\\narea. We had new red pasture trees nr. NE pt. of island, &\\nseveral on small offshore islands. Other or isaw birds,\\nwhich we waited 1:15 to 2:30 p.m. Much more intertwined\"}``` ```json\n{\"text\": \"Koford\\n\\nJournal\\n\\n14 February 1964.\\n\\nHood /s, Galapagos /s.\\n\\ncamers, lizards, or well as carrying off river water. Some sea\\nlion pups very small; perhaps 1-2 wks old. / 1410 I looked for\\ngoats to E of camp. 500 yds. E., 2 ad. ??; one day, one bay with\\nlarge white area site (now white then colored); one chestnut with black\\nmiddles & other items. An hour later, same 2 still together.\\nAd.\\nAnother 2 ??, one day on tar. / On apurita 4 rods high,\\nin open, 200 yds. S of large apurita nr camp | Parkerfoot\\nOrtiz reported seeing at least 5 young apuritas in likes to\\nsummit yesterday. P said he saw an gp. about 15 goats.\\nIn elators (?) nesting one above cliffs, Cryptocarpus\\nbrowned very low by goats. B+C little browned. I\\nfound leaves on stubs (2\") Cretan larch; goats tried to\\ncut them off?\\n\\n15 February 1964. By Costio's boat to Puerto Carllos; took over\\n2 hr. Now 1 abal shark, 1 Chelon, or way. On point, one young\\nflying headed albatross ran about, then ads seen. Marked\\nlooking for eggs & young; a few hundred. Prob fork-tailed gulls\\nesting, but no blue-footed boobies. / In an rocky hill area, mod.\\nAssuming - like succulent, mod. I found but still going strong.\\nSaw no goats, but many droppings & skeletons. Bits of old\\nredes station (to 1945?). Several aspect of gray dead brush cut\\nout & told much of it marquis with few leaves; some leafless\\nCordia, & other leafless species. Goats had browned Cryptocarpus\\nheavily, but grew. Costio ran; now always near landing\\narea. We had new red pasture trees nr. NE pt. of island, &\\nseveral on small offshore islands. Other or isaw birds,\\nwhich we waited 1:15 to 2:30 p.m. Much more intertwined\"}``` ```json\n{\"text\": \"Koford\\n\\nJournal\\n\\n14 February 1964.\\n\\nHood /s, Galapagos /s.\\n\\ncamers, lizards, or well as carrying off river water. Some sea\\nlion pups very small; perhaps 1-2 wks old. / 1410 I looked for\\ngoats to E of camp. 500 yds. E., 2 ad. ??; one day, one bay with\\nlarge white area site (now white then colored); one chestnut with black\\nmiddles & other items. An hour later, same 2 still together.\\nAd.\\nAnother 2 ??, one day on tar. / On apurita 4 rods high,\\nin open, 200 yds. S of large apurita nr camp | Parkerfoot\\nOrtiz reported seeing at least 5 young apuritas in likes to\\nsummit yesterday. P said he saw an gp. about 15 goats.\\nIn elators (?) nesting one above cliffs, Cryptocarpus\\nbrowned very low by goats. B+C little browned. I\\nfound leaves on stubs (2\") Cretan l [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

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Koford Journal 15 February 1964 Gardner Is. an Hood Is, Galapagos. shaggy effect of veg., than on Hood. No wild goats. Maytenus + Cryptocarpus grow low but unbruised. Cotton plants common some sites. Ostij collected a snake. Saw finch, Tropiclanus. I counted 20 branches Opuntia but only 3 straight unbraid- ed, so reprod. low naturally. Laurus & more spreading than on Hood, the trimmer some thick, 4 pads of branches often lay & ground a mean it.| Much Bursera, nearly leafless. Many Cactus bruchs with a few leaves; commonly 3'; to 10'm. cliffs! Below Opuntia, many dropped leaves, but old & dried & not sprout- ing. Some of shape: [illegible], wider than high. Trunk spine 2" + sharp, hard; leaf spine soft.| Among boulders nearly every- where, climber jointed stalked leafless fork in clumps. A pulser- ent leaved shrub with small yellow flowers. A vine with "rouled" like fruit w. large hairy seeds covered some brusher. Collected samp- les. Attractive clean cobm rootin in bogs N. side; I spread 2 long- osters there.| One opuntia 24" diam, spreading 18' wide, 9' high; trunk branched at 1 1/2'. Dozens old pads below & near. Why no little reprod.? Porridge said thru animals needed? A dry un- attractive island with little wilddef wildlife. 16 February 1964. Some rain night.| Carlos said had seen goats drink sea water N. side Santo Cruz. Also had seen some dying there, with diarrhea. He had noticed some of same effects that I had, such as eating Bursera bark. He said something eatin in to center of Opuntia & broke it over; then many feet on gosta eating one fellentree it - he saw 15 at once on Hood, he said. Saut. had pro. dlicted killing goats, at one time, so argument with Leungay who wanted to kill. Then not supposed to take more than 2.

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Koford Journal 16 February 1964 Hood ls., Galapagos Is. New less restriction. Boys somet. catch an Santa Cruz & sell to ships. Commercialization not allowed. But even if goat meat sold, price would be below beef, which is 80 centavos /ll. (about 4 1/2). Castro said [yr. required to kill off the C goats in Plaza ls.; at one time 4 men hunted 2-3 goats known there, but found none. ]0920 left camp & walked E. Shel. & ad., horn 11 1/2" or curve from crow; Mr shot, killed, eaten laterally. / Camp went flat to E., Coria lumber to N.; magnific, B, C, Castro stubs nr. four trees. ]1000, saw ad. 3, 4, + one ad., 200' away, bay color. Then in Cursura - magnific zone, mes open, but all boulders underfoot & few goats (rare tracks + fresh drop, the old drops. & shel.). / At base of rocky hill, much droppings; 2 ad. 3, + ad. (? ?). I shot 2 97. One boy, saw milk adder, 1150 tot. lb., 15 tail; horn 5" long or curve (rig 1/2" + 4" from top); slight white spot crow; no octopus. seen; ston, live, intestine weigh 17 lbs., + rest 29 lbs., for 46 lbs. total. Uterus + ov. inactive but seemed mature. Stom. cont. 20% green, red sedge (?); no molar wear - One yr. old? - do rings on horns indicate dry season? / Other, chestnut (buff), 1220-150 mm. Horn 10" [illegible drawing] 90 fr. t.p. P4 shot. Stom. 10% green. No fat; little flesh, mostly bones & sinews - done than those nr. camp. / Returned to N. toward beach, thru magnific zone of large trees (10-15'), many dead, + boulders underfoot, w. no goats seen - prob. 10/sq. mi. or less. After reached beach area, I saw 2 small ad. 97, buff. Then, at 1430, 2 97 with kid about 20 lbs. I shot 4 4. One 1150-150, chestnut (buff), stom. contents mostly green, red. broad leaves, + much lignist. No activity grade, but saw milk adder. Horn 7 1/2; nr. 3

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Koford Journal Ecuador 16 February 1964 Hood Island, Galapagos Islands, rings A. Large fat sternut. about 50 lbs. est. / other 2, larger; 12 50-140. Ø 1/4

Koford Journal 17 16 February 1964 Hood Is, Galapagos Is. m. summit, when large squintei + moth open. Occur. Crustacean. saw: loose gp. of 8 or 9; 2 ad.0707, 2 ybl., 3 ad.42, 1 bird. Apparently fair pabs.gotie near top. Lowa, farm in double-wasgite zone. saw 207+ bird (2 shot?). 1445, 498. Morning camp. Picked up hawa show snail-train too; compare later colors for rel. notn growth? Certs say on James Is. some goats have band black around middle. Be donkey, he said people not eat, tho most all right w. no particular flavor. 18 February 1964. Spindle at night. Sea rel. calm today, & San Cristobal clearly visible. W. Certs I went large-goats hunting + we got about 10,wel. some about 6 lbs. + some on w. eggs. A helithureia about 5"long, fasted to rocks, with numerous 5 mm.pimples on apparent side; common. On sandy bottom area one site, many large dark 5'rayed starfish. Orange sea fans around, tho not abundant. Saw 2 rays about 3'long, rounded anteriorly (S). Devil fish resemble goldfish; some range+ black, or orange, black, + white mixture. // About 1530 walk-ed E. m. N. shore, looking for goats. Also 3 ad.1 bird; shot chestnut ad.?, 121 cm. tot. l.; 15 tail. Loathing (bird prob.less). Horn 23 cm., with ridge 6,14,19,21 mm. from tips. No snub. a reps. activity. Slight fat in crevices. Stone. 50% goa bur. Cryptos. Saw gp. 20707, 1 dbl.w.chitin. side blaze, other chestnut. There 1/4 mile E. of camp, m. shore, rock, stane. Then saw ? with bird, both day. And 2 was day (?&). All before first pt. & E.of camp. Occur. Mountain lusher along the shore. Walk-ed back toward camp & 300 yds.E. of it saw the 2nd.

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Roford Journal 18 February 1964 Hood Is, Galapagos Is. 27, + shot chestnut one. 124-16 cm. Tectri 90 x 50, opt. to scrotum, inv. epid. Cut testis had no epidid.; thimblly at birth, no obvious sperma flow. Horn 13"; w. ring, 20+ 27cm from tip (then 6 to crown). Basal growth rugged & dis- discin not apparent (less ringing than in ?? ?). Rummer mostly liver of Cryptos. (50% at least). Little muscle on low. 19 February 1964, about 0745, shot 3 27 27 (?) 200 yds. E. camp, no site of last yesterday. (The 2 27's) yesterday, had gone over 1/4 mile W. or shore area.) There in heavily br. Cryptos. area. / 27 ad., low 15 1/2"; beard 7" long. 131-17. Dull gray w. white blaze side + small wh. are bare horns. Horn rings, fr. tip: 15, 25 cm., + 19 much ridged at base. P4 shot. Bare malar block. Sl. fat ornament. No semen apparent. | Beard ad. 27, 126-15 cm. Chestnut (black side fore; wh. spot bare horns), Horn 14 1/2"; rings 17-26 fr. tip; + 10 to base (too ridged for separation). Testis, opt. to scrotum, 90 x 50 mm. No appar. semen; sl. fat ornament; mostly Cryptos. liver in stom. When punctured, about 1/2 gal. water squirted out of rumen. / 27 ad., 130-15. Chestn. w. white crown. Horn 16; + 34 rings 13 + 27 fr. tip; + 5 to base. Testis 5 x 11. G.I. best from diaphragm to anus, 20 lbs. These stomachs not as full as in evening, so feed little at night? about 1/2 full rumen. Sl. fat ornament, but generally gray w. little flesh. / 9 ad., 120-16 1/2. Chestnut, w. toil 1/3 white. Horn 7"; rings, from tip, 6, 12, 15, + 2 cm to base. Max pros. ?? than 27's; due physiologic strain? Nider in fine cord, + 40 parasites found. / In the

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Koford Journal 19 February 1964 Hood Isl., Galapagos Is. Densely nesting zone, many dead short-cropped bunches of grass, as if once well tufted. The grey-green low shrub predom- inated browned much, nor the sticking sp. about 3' tall nor the oval- leaved one 5' (much algae or stems). Reduction of Cryptoc. prominent on apparent elevation vestiguosa on top cliff. / Patrol boat arrived from Floreana about 2 p.m., with 7 of our group. They saw no goats on F, but donkeys common & unutilized. Said to be wild dogs, too. Sealasia then appear. Decided to run coast 5. of black beach. About 40 people (10 of them Wettern) live on Floreana. Three men from patrol boat caught big hand 2 & ed. goats Docks & took them to boat alive. Details in captivity, but poor flesh. They said would let them feed on Cryptoc. on Santa Cruz to fatten for killing. On previous trips they had caught one. How do they run down goats on this rough ground? One of men said many in area old radar station, & that brown during "invierno" (= Dec.). Later, D. Brown said he saw many small young during dept. visit. / The short-browned peepod-smelling shrub also in densely nesting area; not Cten. 20 February 1964. Left 5:30 a.m. on patrol boat for Barrington & Acud. Bay; 14 of G.I.S.P. group aboard. / Calm weather, few waves; wind 5 late. Arr. Barrington 0930 & went ashore. Cryptoc., Maytenus, browned up to 3' only (lower than Hood). Found Cteno bushes about 3' with few leaves, & some 10' with leaves at top; upper- cutly not high palatability. Took I picked up a few goat horns; they showed "annelstone" similar to those on Hood. Fallen opuntia here destroyed than on Hood, upper.; one fallen

Koford Journal 20 February 1964 To Santa Cruz, Galapagos/s showed no apparent bath removal since my early Feb. visit. 21 February 1964. Goat horns; one & from Barr. showed larger dist. lactic rings than those from Wood, but said or of from B. showed about = dist. to Wood specimens. / Rodry - guiz. of Guayquil says dried fish about 6-7 s. 1lb. before Easter, but pen price rest of ym. He said beef 2 s. 1lb. in San Cristol, vs. 8 reales (30 centavos) in Santa Cruz. Mr. Guayguil, wild goats which are valued; hide worth little. He confirmed that Galapagos agave produces all grown, & better, mr. Guayguil; only fish prod. better here (& larger). In D., whole langosta sold, head even preferred by some, (the only tail saved in Dolos). / Forest Niles said about talk 10-15,000 lbs. per mo. of langostas taken to freeze per; there via Villanil to Guayquil. 22 February 1964. Departed 10:30 a.m. & drove up old trail to Bella Vista and Villanie (= Mrs. Homemana's farm), to stay 2 nights. about 2 1/2 hrs. drive up. In Bella Vista area a found small store, & probably 200 or more people in vicinity. Ground nearly flat here, w. few rocks, compared to slopes. Banana, sugarcane, atoy, & avocado, coffee in evidence. Nilium lots lots ridges common. People healthy, happy, & apparently have usual Latin & community life. A church too, &. Cheese widely scattered. / Homemana a new down farm, with coffee, avocado, fruit trees - but poorly laid out. Mrs. H. (Norwegian), then since 1926; said husband impractical. Mary lives in Denmark & Norwegian, in 2 story wooden house, sleeping 7 in addition to Mrs. H., son Sigurd, & a helper. Visit to Orcas & Tortuga Bay. In area,

Journal 22 February 1964 Isla Santa Cruz, Galapagos very tall tree, planted tall bamboo clumps, rare acacia, oocas. "mohogany" and "cedar" (=?- not swietenia m.), lolca. But coffee stethic common, + tall avocados than lived trails + fields. Kept pigs + 5 cattle. House about 700' elev. Muddy in rain. Papaya, pineapple, "king fruit."! With Abbott, Bartholomew, Bernard, Merced, walked 1½ hrs. slowly up- slope to pure Miria belt. Some grassland w. broken + shrubs; a few Holstein cattle, in good cond. (the horses fine + port). 23 February 1964. Hiked to top of Santa Cruz; 9/10 overcast day w. some rain. Much grass, but mostly ridges, palms, broken. In low spots, some ponds w. many water plants, and caves leading down into hollows underground, fern-lined at mouth. Cattle tracks + droppings common, but I saw only one - a fine black bull at summit. Summit easily reached, + vegetation there nothing spec- ial, mostly grasses. Occasional bar circular spots appear used for stamping a rolling. Few birds in high zone; or flock 10+ fin- ches, but saw no hawks. Broken clumps give appearance out- own land in Pacific NW. (Local people say fires in past, + many more cattle - even horses - a few yrs. ago.) Now Now does not appear destructively grazed, tho may be in dry season. ! In we talked with Alf Kentholm + father at their ranch. About 50 fine large Holstein cattle. Said started cattle about 10 yrs. ago w. bull bought Panama. But think doing poor. little future; production meat more profitable. Pargola perhaps best grown for cattle. Elephant grass for choking out unwanted veg. Be- cause droughts, grow plantations as cattle food reserve. Said many serious fire (set for fun by others), to 1962. Miria

Koford Journal 23 February 1964 Santa Cruz, Galapagos formerly more optimistic, covering all of hill called Camote to south. Improved weather prediction would help them much. Their ranch 140 hectares. Area of about 20 km. Lately on mt., 5 km. N+S, girl, andable. Alf thier earth worms come in often clearing & changed soil, making muddier. Guayacillo & other noxious shrubs increasing in area. Thought room for many more people on Santa Cruz. Food from Acad. Bay would help market crops. Pasturine used for fuel & building boards; matogens for uprights and beams. / Mrs. H., pipe fish avocados. 24 February 1964. W. Sigwart, Pyle, + 3 others, hiked to Tortoise country on Table Mtn.; about 2 1/2 hrs. on up & down trail through shrubby waste & cut-over lands. One new clove w. corn planted. A DePion frame of supposed schoolhouse, w. little clearing left. To find unclaimed land, opper. love to hike or bow out from Bella Vista. Thirdly tree, about 20', little cut-grass & scoleria, + we came out on mostly open green grassland, shot grazed, with scattered pools (agola? covered) and lusher. This was foot of Table Mtn. Cattle tracks & sign common. Once sawelly heard drums or goat, the new name of these first anim- als. / Ducks with 6+ downy young on 2 ponds. Ducks flopped away on pond as if could not take off; opper. distractoi dis- play. Then ducklings, which had been undermother & paili wed covered pond, appeared, settling & ducked under weeds again. / we saw 2 rails in flight among shrubs. Vermillion flycatchers occasional. / Visited edge of a hole about 500 yds. wide + 50' deep, w. pure grassy area 100 yds. across in bottom. Saw

Koford Journal 24 February 1964 Santa Cruz, Galapagos Is. 3 ad. or goats in bottom, I heard 2 others. But grazing effects not apparent save on trails across grass meadow. | We walked back to Hornmani in 2 hrs. In we I returned to Coral Bay. 25 February 1964. According to Juan Angermeyer, 2 men take about 100 lbs. dried bacalao per day, about 2000 lbs./mo. Fish Nov. to Semana Santa. Now use boat., Fishing poor starting 15 yrs. ago, but perhaps improving. Fritz has self-lostini outfit on boat for fish finding. Got little turtle or egg hen, & no octopus. Fishing boat must be able to go out; about 25' + have economical reliable motor. He thought about 50 men in largest bus., & that would be out of business within 1 yr. Little sport fishing now. | Cox, returning from trip, said many goats on Coral Bay. | Howell Williams, ret. from Clathan, said small cult. area, about 20 % or L of island; worst to N. very dry. Much guava in middle belt on W. side. Cattle present, but poorer than Santa Cruz; goats pres. but not common. Also burros. | C.Rick said also wild horses there. Goats few now, diminished. Some wild dogs, he was told. Burros in many or all parts island. Wild pigs & cattle too. Do pigs spread guava thru eating fruit? More soil than Santa Cruz, & to lower alt., perhaps 400'. Huge area guava in upper parts. Rick was told about 15% cultivated. Coffee apparently excellent. Plenty agrestia, carnes, m. shoes. About 2 500 people on San Cristobal; many military. Fresh streams in S part. 27 February 1964. Boarded "Golden Bean" about 11 a.m. Talked with geologists of Ecuador who had been on James Is., about 130 people

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Koford Journal 27 February 1964 Santa Cruz, Galapagos there; they thought 2x the scale. Good quality line of salt; about 300 000 quintals / yr. (= 15 000 tons). This sells for 33 s./100 lbs. in Guayaquil. Then re-cristalized for sale. About ½ requirement of Ee. per yr. He thought would last many (50?) yrs. / Cor said he saw 5 ± goats on shore Beltra recently. Corts said my. had charged well at Carvaj Bay last few yrs, presumably due goats (= cause or effect?). He & Williams reaffirmed that wells probably would give fresh water, if proper studies made. / Done plant names, given by Forbey to Norrenans: popa china a taro = Colocasia esculenta. Otoy a taro = X anterosano. Yuca = mandioc or cassava; Manihot utilissima. Piñon, the living fence tree, = Jatropha curas (Euphorbiaceae). Campons = Daturo; stamannin (Solavocaea). Tejón de popa, black fungue or blight. / Williams appl. of the salt on James: sea water percolates in to basin below sea level. Crop aided by dark lava sides of pit. There: [Drawing] me. Lava 7 metres thick center, 4 meters edge. 28 February 1964. Headed for Guayaquil on "Golden Bear." Nearly calm. Few sea birds. / Acos. Bay port captain told me that 5 Japanese (or foreign) vessels now in Galapa. Use long lines, keep all kinds fish, including large sharks. Get "matricula good for one year, and a "permiso" for 90 days; pay for there. About 21 boats fish for Bonitos, from Dec. on to Corts. Tuna fishing off N. Coast Ecuador, not in Galapa. / Perhaps 50 men in lobster boats. Villamil takes trails to mainland. Later — to Berkeley via "Golden Bear."

C.B. Koford 1967 catalogue #3037 - 3319 Peru

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Koford, C 1967 Specimen Catalog Peru 1967 2 July 20 Km. N. 6 Km. W. of Chancay, Dpt. Lima, Peru. 300 ft. [Lomas de Lachay, dry SE side] 3037 ♂ (coll. R. Huey) Phyllotis d. 198-113-22-2f, 20 gms. 3038 ♂ (coll. F. McCollum) " 195-108-22-23, 20 gms. Anet trapped in dry granite boulder area w/ sparse ceaus costus. 10 July 3 Km. S. 12 Km. W. of Huaras, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 12500 ft. 3039 ♂ t. 7 mm; anopuse 137-56-18-17, 14 gms. Under 2' boulder in sht. grass & shrubs, 100 yds. down 20% slope from cliff; N aspect. 3040 ♂ same no meas. 12 gms. Base 10' boulders edge 2'tall spiny bunch grass on N. slope 50yds. below cliffs. 3041 ♀ v. imp., no emb. Abdomen elongate? 148-61-21-15, 20 gms. Under 6'boulder on slope, close cropped grass & shrubs, 100 yds below cliffs. 3042 ♀ lact; taut. so. Phyllotis pictus 210-90-24-23, 50 gms. Base rock wall 100' from cliffs, N. aspect 15% slope, sht. dry grass & tla. (308) 3043 ♂ t. 10 P. pictus 197-82-25-22, 50 gms. [Rio Pira valley, 80 Km. by road from Casma toward Huaraz] 11 July 1 Km. N. 12 Km. E. of Pariacoto, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 8500 ft. 3044 ♂ t. 5 mm. Oryzomys 217-122-25-16, 17 gms. Rocky dry ground under bush on 10% N. slope. 3045 ♀ lact; t & t. bulges 5 mm. Phyllotis 223-115-24-21, 76 gms. Under 4'boulder by rock wall next to 3'bushes on 15% N. slope. 3046 ♀ v. perf., 11 nipples, lact. tiss. Marmosa 227-118-15-24, 46 gms. Foot, 4' rock wall by 2'tall sparse dry herbs on dry N. slope nr. bottom draw. 3047 ♀ lact. tiss. Akodon rodna 201-101-26-21, 40 gms. Base dead tree w/ rocks & shrubs; dry slope. 3048 ♀ 5 emb., 32 mm. C-R Phyllotis mogister 278-135-24-23, 101 gms. [3049 on next page] Base old rock wall half covered w/ shrubs; dry N.-aspect slope. 3311 3050 ♀ v. imp., no emb. Phyllotis mogister 208-98-27-22, 38 gms. [dupl. renumbered] Base dead tree by rockslide & shrubs on dry N. slope.

P. pictus 10 July 1967 discarded 3; 2 ?? 36 gms. t. 9 mm. 1 ? 46 gms. no end. or scars. 11 July 1967 discards. ak. bol. & 11 gms. ? ad, 3 ut. scars. P. darw. or andrewi ? 30 gm, t. 4 mm. ? imm. 22 gms, 10 gms, 18 gms.

Koford, c. 1967 2 5 specimen Catalog Peru 1967 11 July 1967 1 Km. N., 12 Km. E. of Pariacoto, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 8500' [? elevation] elev. 3049 lact. + irsorbng Akodon b. 174-76-20-14, 30 gms. ♀v.imp., comb C-R 23, Under shrub on dry N. slope. Also discarded: Phyllotis darwini minm., mts. 10 gms., 10, 18, 22 gms., and ad at 30 gms. t. 4 mm. Akodon darwinii ad.♀uv. 3 ut. sacs, + 11 gm. ♀ minm. [by road up valley] 9000 ft. 12 July 1 Km. N., 14 Km. E. of Pariacoto, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. -0500' 3050 ∅ t. 3 mm. small mouse, long tail. 162-86-20-15, 14 gms. Mod. damp banks under 3' brush 20' from stream. 3051 ∅ t. 3. Akodon boliviensis 159-70-20-14, 22 gms. Under bush by stream. Discarded ♀ 21 gms. 3052 ∅ 4 umb. C-R 16 mm., Phyllotis d. 200-108-25-20, 379 ms. Base ½ dead Cernea and fork tangle on mod. dry slope; rock w/i 5 yds. Discarded ∅ 36 gms. t. 9, ♀ 41 gms. lact., ♀ 26 gms. minm. 14 July 5 Km. NE of Pacasmayo, Dpto. La Libertad, Peru. 200 ft. on road, 1093 14x25 mm., ½ in c. 3053 ∅ t. 5 Caprimulgus longirostris. 33 gms., no fat. dead Nest nearby fled ground w. stick 10' from thorn bush fence. 3054 ∅ lact.tiss, vtht.1mm. diam Akodon boliviensis 166-70-20-16 26 gms. manguito tree Rose grew thorny brush within bush fence on sandy flat ground w/3 3 15 July 2 Km SE of Morrope, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 100'. bone 3055 ∅ t. 8, pale mouse 149-76-19-16, 16 g. Under brush (Capparis?) in fence row, sandy plain, Prosopis dominant. 3056 ∅ t. 8 larger mouse 216-117-26-18, 30 g. Elaenia albiceps modesto 3057 ∅ t. 2 Cupidomay 12 gms., no fat. On Prosopis 16 July 10 Km. E. of Piura, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 300 ft. In Prosopis in 3058 ∅ t. 2 Synallax sictothorax maculato 11 gms., no fat. Sandy desert. 6 Km. N. of Motupe, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 500 ft. skull ¼ clear. 3059 ∅ t. 2 naggia Cyanocorax mystacalis 161 gms., no fat. One of each in loose flesh on roadside 30' Prosopis.

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Koford Koford 1967 3 Specimen Catalog Pers 1967 17 July 10 Km. E. of Piura, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 50 300 ft. 2 ut. bulges 4 mm. (Lt R); lact. tis. 19 3060 ? imp. pale mouse 158-78- 20-16 ,14 g. 3061 ? t. 6 pale mouse 158-79- 18-17 ,15 g 4 sand mound w/ "mule ear" shrub on top, flat sand + shrub area. 16 July 11 Km. N. of Jayanca Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 3062 ? (Coll. R. Hamilton) Polioptila plumbea bilineata griseolata 6 gms; no fat. 16 July 10 Km. E. of Piura, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 50 302 ft. sk. ossi F, 3064 ? t. 2 Deosita peruviana paytae 11 gms. 18 July 30 Km. SSE of Sechura, Dpto. Piura, Peru: 400-30 400 ft. 3063 ? t. 7 pale mouse Phyllotis gerbillus 166-70-20-16, 26 gms. Top of sand hill w/ "mule ear" evergreen shrub; flat hard desert. Discarded ? 11+ gms (not eaten), testis 6 mm. long. Small deer w/ shabu. Virilla/Nacilla Estuary, Virilla- Estuary, Virilla 36 km. SSE of Sechura, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 50 ft. 3065 ? lst. fell <1mm. Chloia minutilla 24 gms, fat. One of flesh 20+ in shore estuary. 18 July Punto Agua, 30-37 km. SW of Sechura Dpto. Piura, Peru. 3066 ? t. 3 stroma. lardata 52 gms; sl fat One of flesh 20+ flying law over sand break. 19 July tail broken short 3067 ? small mouse 103-43t 20-18, 7 gms. Sandy gr. under boulders in bottom dry wash 8' from low shrub. Reventazon 64 Km. S., 19 Km. W. of Sechura, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 100 ft. 20 July 2 ut. bulges 4 mm. 3068 ? /act. pale mouse 174-85-17-16 ,21 gms. 3069 ? t. 7 " 164-78-18-17 ,19 gms 3070 ? t. 7 " 157-77-(9-18) 18 gms. 3071 ? t. 8 " 151-66-18-17, 20 gms. (nasals broken) 3072? t. 8 " 156-76-18-16 ,17 gms. Discarded ? 7 gms. min., ? 11 gms. imm., ? 11 gms. t. 4, ? 14 gms. test: 8 mm, ? 14 gms. w/ wings, no ears; ? 14 gms. t. 9 mm., ? 14 gms. t. 8.

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Koford 1967 Specimen Catalog 20 July Reventazon, 64 km S, 19 km W of Sechura, Dpto Piura, Peru, 100ft. 3073 (coll. R. Huey) Myiarchus semirufus Immarguate, refut. 07t.2 flycatcher 3074 t.6 pale mouse 157-80-19-17, 15 gms. 22 July 4 km SE of Bayavar, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 100 ft. 3075 t.1 corvid Canirostrum cinereom fraseri sl. fat, 8 gms. Mequiste tree in sandy brush area. 3076 t.1 hummingbird same area. sl. fat, 4gms. skull & baculum only. 3078 t.17 for 670-275-112-67/200 gms. Punta Tric Trac, 1 km SE of Bayavar, 3079 t.2 grebe Piezocornis cinerea 37 gms. sl. fat. albogniscus 3080 p.o.n.e., jux (sk. V clear) Minius longicaudatus sl. fat; 56 gms. 22 July Punta Tric Trac, 2 km. E. of Bayavar, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 20 ft. 3077 t last foll. mm. Aedamorphorus mod. fat, 820 gms. 23 July 3081 R.t. 8x4 (R. t. small). Progne modesta mod. fat; 38 gms. merten (murphy ?) duet flying near and alighting on sea cliffs in evening. sk & skull 3082 p noemb or sc. for 647-227-112-64, 1550 gms. t 24 + 30 km. S. of Sechura, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 10 ft. 3083 q last ou 3mm. oystercatcher Heterotopus ostralegus 600 gms; mod. fat. one of flood est or mud flat of Virilla Estuary. 24 July Punta Tric Trac, 2 km E. of Bayavar, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 50 ft. 3084 p geositta peruviana paytana no fat, 19 gms. 100 25 July 11 km. S/ll km. E. of Bayavar, Dpto. Piura, Peru, 200 ft. 3085 (Coll. R. Huey) Amazilia amazilia shrubs on sand hummock mod fat. , 4 Yrs. p.o.n.e. hummingbird (leucophoca ?) 26 July 3086 t.t.6 pale mouse call. fleas. 160-79-18-16 , 16 gms. 26 July t.6 .. 3087 t.6 .. 159-76-19-17, 16 gms. 28 July 8 km. N. 8 km. W. of Piura, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 100 ft. 3088 t.t.8 pale mouse, phylli. gerbillus 19 166-54-19-18, 19 gms. 29 July Fondo, 14 km. N. 13 km. E. of Talara, Dpto. Piura, Peru [P. Honda] 3089 q lastorimn aratinga weddlei erythrogenys sl. fat. , 160 gms.

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Koford 1967 5 Note: Some birds destroyed by cat Specimen Catalog 29 July Fundo, 14 Km. N. 13 Km. E. of Talara Dpto. Piura Peru '3090 sk. 1/3 clear ♀ one. Lepidocolaptes s. souleyetti woodpecker (Cat broke off head) sl. fat; 23gms. 3091 ♀ o.n.e. (???) synallaxis stictothorax macrotatus spearbait Destroyed by cat sl. fat; 19gms. '3092 ♀ t. 1 mm. sl. fat; 9gms. 3093 ? gratiola Veniliornis callonotus major woodpecker sl. fat; 5gms. '3094 ♂ t. 1 sl. fat; 29gms. '3095 ♂ t. 6 Deomodes retundus 83-0-18-18; 33 gms. '3096 ♀ no emb. lst, long nosed 66-8-11-13; 11gms. '3097 ♀ ♂ no embs. lst, long nosed (Coll. F. Mc Callum) 75-10-11-16 ; 14gms. '3098 ♂ t. 2. lst, long nosed. 63-7-11-13; 12gms. '3099 ♂ t. 2 '' '' 66-8-11-13; 9gms. '3100 ♀ 1 emb. 22 c-r ♀ pregn. '' '' 70-8-11-14; 12gms. '3101 ♀ ut. inact. Deamodes retundus 80-0-18-17; 30gms. 31 July Pariñas, [15 Km. E.] 7 Km. N. of Talara, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 400' '3102 ♀ no emb. lst, pipistrelle? 73-35-4 - ; ? gms. '3103 ♀ no emb. lst, myotis 82-36-7-12; 5 1/2 gms. '3104 ♂ t. 3 lst, pipistrelle 75-34-5-12; 2gms. '3105 ♀ lst, pipistelli. 79-39-6-13; 2 1/2 gms. '3106 ♀ o.n.e. Tumbezia salvini flycatcher, yellow-belly sk. 1/5 clear ♀ o.n.e. Thryothorus superciliaris baroni '' mod. fat; 11gms. sl. fat; 21gms. 3108 ♀ ut. horn 3mm. diam. spilogale 490-75-58-23; 100gms. 1 Aug. Pariñas, 7 Km N. 15 Km E of Talara, (some w. t. to 5 mm.) Phaeonomyias sp. Common '3109 ♂ t.4 flycatcher, gray sl. fat; 11gms. '3110 ♀ ut. inact. Myotis 83-35-8-13; 5gms. 3111 sk. 9/clean ♀ o.n.e. Veniliornis callonotus major woodpecker sl. fat; 24gms. 2 Aug. Pariñas, 7 Km. N. 15 Km. E. of Talara, '3112 ♀ o.n.e. Piczorhinia cinerea grosbeak ; 35gms. Lined and ♂ t. 2 35gms. Common in mesquite trees.

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Koford 1967 Specimen Catalog 2 Aug. Parinas, 7 Km N. 15 Km E of Tararo, Dpto. Piura, Peru. sk. 1/4 clean 3113 ? o.n.e. Campylorhynchus ? fasciatus pallescens sl. fat , 26 gms. Top of 20' mesquite, rapidly moving branch to (dead) branch or jiggling. Lepidocolaptes souleyetii ?, 3114 ? o.n.e. woodhewer sl. fat , 26 gms. 3115 ? t. 1 1/2 Pijai-strelle 75-38-5-14, 2 gmo. 3116 ? o.n.e. Myiarchus semirufus flycatcher sl. fat , 19 gms. sk. 1/5 clear 3117 ? o.n.e. lester graceannae intrid sl. fat, 31 gms. [Thin in Quetoda Parina] Monte Grande, 14 Km N. 25 Km E. of Tararo, Dpto. Piura, Peru. w. spread 360 mm. 3118 ? long nosed bat 85-10-12-16 , 19 gms. 3 Aug. One of 12t in low cave slopes in bare mud-slope draw. 3119 ? no emb. bat, v. long nose 85-10-12-17, 14 gms. 3120 ? t. 2 bat, v. long nose 85-10-13-17, 12 gms. 4 Aug. 4A 3121 ? t. 2 Myotis? Pijai-strelle? 73-35-5-1?, 29 gms. Nitted under mesquite near water trough 4-6 a.m. 3Aug. ? ut. sc. 3122 ? R 2L bat (shot 20 min., 20 up in mesquite) 293-172-30-22, 62 g. 3 Aug. 3123 ? t. 2 Caprimugus longirostris sl. fat, 32g. shot 15' up in mesquite tree, 10 p.m. st. 1/4 clear 3124 ? t. 1 1/2 swallow sl. fat , 69. Flying near mesquite tree, < 10' over ground. 4 Aug. 3125 ? t. 2 pipi-strelle? 76-34-6-13, 2 1/2 g. 3126 no emb. ? (yellow on.) Myotis 85-36-9-14, 5 1/2 g. Both nitted among mesquite trees about 8 p.m. 5 Aug. 1 emb. 3127 ? C-R 19 bat, long nose 65-7-10-16 , 13 gms. 4 Aug. 3128 ? t. 2 Desmodus rotundus (Many ticks) 80-0-17-17, 30 gms. 3129 ? t. 1 " " (Many ticks) 80-0-17-17, 309 gms. 5 Aug. 3313 3130 ? lgst. ov. 1 1/2 (done) Zearuda asiatica moloda mod. fat 3130 ? t. 8 Desmodus rotundus (many ticks) 77-0 14-17

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Koford 1967 Specimen Catalog 5 August Monte Grande, 14 Km. N. 25 Km. E. of Talara, Dpto. Piura, Peru. (Captured (day) 3/131 ♀ ut. 2mm. diam. Desmodus rotundus 90-0-18-18, 29grms. (In Q. Barrancos, nr. pump station) 6 August Barrancos, 11 Km. N. 28 km. E. of Coloblanco, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 3/132 ♂ t.7 Micronycteris (among large mosquito) longirostris phyllostomid 58-10-9-22-6 1/2grms 3/133 ♀ no comb. Myotis 82-3f-8-14, 5grms. 3/134 ♀ /x-t. Desmodus 87-0-17-18, 32grms. 3/135 ♂ t.2 Specotto cunicularia (intermedia?) Otus aena no fat , 105grms. 7 Aug. 3/134 ♂ t 1/2 Tumbesia salvini yellow billed flycatcher. sl. fat, 10 grms. also honey diseased ♂ t.2, 12 grms. (many) Specotto cunicularia (intermedia?) 3/137 ♀ lst. or Imm. Otus aena sl. fat , 125grms. fall. (shot by R. Huey) 3/138 ♂ lst. fall. / mm. Furnarius leucopus cinnamomeos sl. fat, 31grms. 3/139 ♂ t.7 Desmodus 83-0-16-17 29grms. A skin + body skel. 3/140 ♂ t.4 Burdinia superciliaris sl. fat, 350grms. Shot at night in mosquito at length of wide dry wood. (1000 ft.?) 10 Km.N to km.E. of Sullana) 9 Aug. 3/141 ♀ S. foot Co. Amotape, 40 Km. E. A km. N. Dpto. Piura , Peru phy Notis 150-8z-20-19, 10grms. ♂ SE. foot Co. Amotape, 13 Km. N. 35 Km. W. of Sullana Dpto.Piura, Peru 3/142 ♂ t.2 scarletlet, Forpus coelestis c. sl. fat, 29grms. 3/143 ♀⊗t.1/2 (jur.)? " " " " sk. ossif. Rhynchospiza stolzmanni 3/144 ♂ t.2 sparrow sl. fat, 20grms. Shrubs and small trees in dry wood; mosquito area. 10 Aug. 3/145 ♀ pijipitelli Tomopeas ravus upright. 225 81-40-6-13 2 1/2grms. 3/146 ♀ imm. " " 73-36-6-12, 1 1/2grms. 3/147 ♀ imm. " " 73-38-6-12, 1 1/2grms. lect. 3/148 ♀ ad. 95-45-6-13 2 1/2grms. ad. These 4 under slate gravite nr. Phyllostelylus 11 August 5 km. E.of Kaslonag, 60 Km.NNE of Sullana, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 3/149 ♂ t.2 Sakesphorus bernardi piurae and land sl. fat, 30grms. sk. ossif. Lepidocolaptes s. souleyetii 3/150 ♂gsl.f.<l. dendrocolaptis sl. fat, 24grms

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Koford 1967 Specimen Catalog Peru 11 Aug. 5 Km. E. of Los Lomas, 60 Km. ENE of Sullana, Dpto. Piura, Peru. Icterus graccannae 3151 ♀ last ov. 1 mm. sl. fat, 32 gms. Myiodonastes bairdi 3152 ♂ last ov. 1mm. tyrannid sl. fat, 55gms. Cyanocorax mystacalis 3153 ♀ t.3 magpie sl. fat, 130 gms. Rhynchospiza stolzmanni 3154 ♂ t.2 finch sl. fat, 27gms. sk. ossif. Myiodonastes bairdii 3155 ♀ last ov. <1 tyrannid sl. fat, 62 gms. 12 Aug. Icterus graccannae 3156 ♀ last ov. 1 mm. oriole sl. fat, 32 ,82g. 20 km. NE of Sullana, Dpto. Piura, Peru. situla's flavocola valida " 3157 ♂ t.6 yellow finch sl. fat, 22 g. " 3158 ♀ last on 1½ " " " " sl. fat, 25 g. that in 10' mosquito big roadside in dry open country. Abra de Nawpe ?7 45 km. s. 15 km. E. of Chulucanas, Dpto. Piura, Peru. 1000 ft. 13 Aug. laet. Phyllostei 3159 ♀ 6.se. sl.ir 208-11-2421 24gms. next to big creek by rocks on slope near crest ridge (reddish rocks). 15 14 Aug. 6 Km. N. 17 Km. E. of Olmos, Dpto.Lambayeque, Peru. 1500' sakesphorus bernardi piurae 3160 ♀ last ov. 1mm antbird sl. fat, 32gms. Lepidocolaptes s. souleyotii 3161 ♂ o.n.e. wood bueen sl. fat, 25gms. campylorhynchus fasciatus pollensens 3162 ♀o.n.e cactus wren sl. fat, 28 gms. Thru 3 15 Aug. new trail led covered 20' then some with red flowers. 14 km. E 6 Km. N. 14 Km. E. of Olmos Dpto. Lambayeque Peru. 1800' 3163 ♀ last ov. 1mm. phaebe sayor's nigricans sl. fat, 18 gms. 15 14 Aug. 16 km. N. 25 km. E. of Olmos Dpto.Lambayeque Peru. 4300 ft. tyrannus melancholicus obscurus 3164 ♀ o.n.e. thrigled sl. fat, 41gms. 3165 ♀ no comb. bat (myotis?) 86-39-9-14 fgms. wy.spd. 340 3166 ♂ t.6 bat, longwing 65-0-11-14, 14 gms. wy.spd. 350 16 Aug. 3167 ♂ t.4 bat 68-0-16-17 23gms. Rotted 0-3 a.m. in canyon by stream near bridges. sk. ½ clear Furnarius leucopus cinnamomous 3168 ♀ o.n.e. furnarine sl. fat. Myioborus miniatus (evthypis?) 3169 ♂ t.1½ flycatcher, yellow belly sl. fat, 11gms.

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Koford 1967 Specimen Catalog Peru 16 Aug. 3170 ♀ t.5 17 Aug. 3171 3172 ♀ imm. above 3 in same net son small stream borderd by short grass and shrubs. Pass [30 km. ENE of Olmos] 2 km W. of Abra Porculla, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 6300 ft. narc 3173 ♀ legst. ov. fem. one ground among lumer in draw near streanbed. 3174 ♀ t./ 2pm 3175 ♀ ut. 4mm. diam. no cmb. 3176 ♀ t.c 18 Aug. -3177 ♀ t., 4x1½ 3178 ♀ no cmb. 3179 ♀ t.12 3178-9. 3180 ♀ no cmb. 18 Aug. El Arena, 1 km. s. 6 km. W. of Panahuaca, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru. 3000' 3181 ♀ no cmb. Netted among mesquite, 100yds. from river. 17 Aug. Hualabampa, [as above] 3182 ♀ 19 Aug. El Arena (as 18 Aug.) 3315 3183 ♀ t.3 3183 - see p.10 16 km N. 25 km E of Olmos, Dept. Lambayeque, Peru. 4300 ft. bat, sabylort. bat (Myotus ?) (Endellmuud ?) bat, phyllost. 64-0-12-16, 16 gms. Clavis mondatur n. sd. fat., 106gms. Myioberus miniatius verticalis flycatcher, yellow belly sd. fat, 8 gms. Hualapampa, 2 km. s. 16 km. W. of San Felipe, in Dpto. Piura, Peru. 7500 ft. Desmodus shot in cave in s. face cliff at N edge dry wall, 8 p.m. 50± in cave. Desmodus (with another at cliff hole) aratina wodteri waylerii frutatu [Huanacabamba River], W. bank, where road crossos] El Tambo, 23 km. N. 38 km. E. of Olmos , in Depto. Piura, Peru. [3500±ft.] Amorphochilus embellumid ? Natalus 66-27-9-14, 3½ gms. " " 67-28-9-13, 3gms. rock cave, entrance 10' high, opening on hillside in arid country near river " embellonuid ? [Huancabamba River] 6-Gorp. phaga bat, big nosed bat, long nosed 75-10-16-13, 10 gms. Chordeiles acutipennis (exilis ?) nighthawk no fat , 10gms. one of several flying over mesquite in early morning.

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Koford 1967 Specimen Catalog Peru [ Road to Porculla Pote ] 16 Aug. 16 Km. N. 25 Km. E. of Olmos, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 4300 ft. 3312 ♀ no emb. phyllotomid (started in soil) 59-0-15-15, 4 gm. [ on Huancabamba River ] 19 Aug. El Arenal, 1 Km. S. 6 Km. W. of Pomahuaca, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru. 3000 ft. 3183 ♀ no emb. Phyllotis 208-112-24-17, 24 gm. no emb.; (tail broken short) 3184 ♀ 4 ent. nips. + long. black ft horns. "" 190-82-23-25, 28 gm. 3185 ♂ t. 7 Phyllotis 189-9f-22-19, 26 gm. 83-5, on rocky helvidenean bouldeurs + shrubs; semi-arid. Distilled? 4 gm. "" Glossophaga 3186 ♂ t. 4 long-nosed bat 66-7-11-14, 11 gm. 3187 ♂ mini. " " " " 60-7-10-14, 8 gm. 86-7, taken in net by riverside near mosquito, first about 8 p.m. 20 Aug. 3188 ♀ lg st. ov. 1 1/2 Leptotila verreauxi decolor mod. fat, 146 gm. [ by road and river ] [ 12 km. by rd. from Pucara ] " " 5 Km. SSE of Pomahuaca, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru. 3000 ft. (same?) cyanoacara yncas x. 3189 ♀ ov. n. e. greenjay. sl. fat., 92 gm. mid spring; columnar cactus, pepperlions, brush, dry grass, rocks; near river. 21 Aug. Rio Chanchaya, 35 Km. SE of San Felipe, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru. 2500 ft. 3190 ♀ ut. elong.; no emb. or sc. morove (disc. ♀ 24 gm.) 208-113-27-17, 20 gm. 3191 ♀ v. imp.; ut. elong., black. " " 277-152-29-17, 56 gm. 3192 ♂ t. 8x4 " " not measured, 60 gm. 91-3 under brushes near fence and stream in humid zone. Discs: ♀ 3 gm., ut. mini.; ♂ 31 gm., t. 4; ♂ 35 gm., t. mini.; +2 other minis. [ low point by roadside & clear small stream ] 21 Aug. 8 Km. WSW of Bagua, Dpto. Amazonas, Peru. 1500 ft. Nictidoras albicollis obscurus 3193 ♂ t. 13x6 caprimulgid (calling, on / high branch) mod. fat, 54 gm. 3194 ♀ lg st. ov. 1 mm. lamaa Otus (Cholliba) roboratus no foot, 159 gm. 3195 ♂ t. 2 (same?) gray Otus (chollba) roboratus no foot, 152 gm. 94-5 in mod. and forest of cactus, mosquito, + a few brush-legged fliers; calling. 22 Aug. 3196 ♂ t. 7x5 Coerobra flavocola magnirostris sl. fat, 11 gm. coarclid 3197 ♂ t. 3 (coll. R.Hamilton) xenops rutilans sl. fat, 12 gm. dendrocolaptid 3198 ♀ lg st. ov. < 1 mm. skull 7/10 clear. Venillornis callonotes major sl. foot, 27 gm. woodpecker 3199 ♀ elong. nippis. Glossophaga (long-nosed bat) 61-6-10-16, 10 gm. (netted near stream)

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Koford 1967 Specimen Catalog Peru 22 Aug. 0 km. WSW of Baguas, Dpto. Amazonas, Peru. 500ft. [nr km. 221 post] 3200 ♀ /gst. or. 3mm. sowl Otus robustus (Choliza) sh. fat . 162 gms. Ntht 8 p.m., calling in semi-aidspring forest. Call ? sec. flighter, slightly rising then falling. 3201 ♀ long.nipps. last. dry weed diet 72-9-11-14 , 10 gms. 3202 ♀ (imm.?) Glossophag " " 64-6-11-16, 8 gms. 3203 ♀ no emb. or sc. " " 69-9-11-14 , 9 gms. 8gms. 64-8-12-14, 8gms. 3204 ♀ /act. - " " 64-8-11-15, 61-8-10-10, 8gms. 3205 ♂ t. 4 x 5 " " 70-10-12 - 16, 11 gms. 3201-5, same nest over stream. also died, or ?gms. slinging from ?; and 10pm. last ♀. 3206 ♀ no emb. " " " 69-9-11-13, 10 gms. 23 Aug. 3207 ♂ t. 3 sittasimus griseicapillus aequatorialis female sh. fat, 11 gms . 24 Aug. RioUtcubamba, 29 Km. s. 38 km. E. of Bagua, Dpto. Amazonas Peru. 2000ft. 3208 ♂ t. 4 x 5mm. phyllostomid 65-0-13-16 , 20gms. 3209 saltator albicollis (pervianus?) 3208 ♂ t. 3 mm. tanzer ? al. fat. 24 Aug. Rio Utcubamba 30 km. s. 311 km. E. of Bagua, Dpto. Amazonas, Peru. 3000 ft. 3210 thrupis virios caerulea 320 ♀ /gst. or. 1/2 Blue tanzer mod. fat , 35gm 3211 ♂ t. 2 Thraupis virios caeruleae (6kt.hrs. app.) mod. fat , 11 gms. 3212 ♀ v. perf., no emb. last, phyllost. 3213 ♀ diet, gold glossoph. 75-11 - 11-15, 10gms 25 Aug. 3214 ♂ t. 8 net 54 264-135-30-20, 59 gms. Under rocks on leafy ground edge coffee grove in canyon bottom. 27 26Aug. 5 km. N 5 km. E of Pomarocha , Dpto. Amazonas, Peru. 6000 ft. 3215 ♀ t.nipps. enl. mouse 291-154 - 32-23, 66gms. :: :: Ade under roots on money, fairly well drained slope in humid forest near road clearing last; ♂ t.8 3216 ♀ tanopetal mouse AKodon 198-90-23-17, 33gms. 26 Aug. Under thick low-brush camp slope edge clearing in humid forest. 3217 ♂ t. 6. phyllostomid 64-7-12-17, 20 gms. disc. ♀ 1/4gms, no emb. or last. two. Nthd night over trail in forest.

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{ "text": "Koford\n1967\n\nSpecimen Catalog\nPeru\n\n26 Aug.\n5 Km. N. 5 Km. E. of Pomacoches, Dpto. Amazonas, Peru. 6000 ft.\n3218 ♀ ut. mm.\nphyllorhinid\n64-0-12-16, 18 gms.\nRittle on trail in humid forest, Decade 8♀16gms.\n1emb.\n3219 ♀CR12mm.\nphyllorhinid, yellow eared\n48-0-11-16, 14gms.\n27Aug.\n3220 ♂ lgst. ov. 1mm.\nNyctidromus albicollis obscurus\ncaprimulgid\nsl. fat ,56gms.\nNot calling; at edge clearing in humid forest near livestock area at midnight\n\"3221 ♂ t.8\t\t\t\t\t\tTangara parzudakii\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsl. fat ,29gms.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\ttanager\n\"3222 ♂ t.6\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTangara microviridis hellepschi\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsl. fat ,17gms.\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCampyloramphus p.(pusilla?)\n\"3223 ♂ t.2\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tdendrocolaptid\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsl. fat ,36gms.\nrare\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tAmpel.in\n\"3224 ♂ t.6\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tCotinga Ampelian / rufaxilla\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsl. fat ,70gms.\n3225 ♀♀ o.n.c.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tPiaya Piaya cayana nigricrissa\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsl. fat ,104gms.\n28Aug.\n\"3226 ♂ t.9\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tTanager Tangara parzudakii p.\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsl. fat ,50gms.\nLepidocolaptes affinis (warscewicz?)\n3227 ♀ lgst. foll. 1mm, dendrocolaptid\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\tsl. fat ,33gms.\n\"27Aug.\n3228 ♂ t.2\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\"\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

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Koford 13 Specimen Catalogue 30 Aug. Hualapampa, 2 Km. S. 16 Km. W. of San Felipe, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru. 4500 ft. in Pura 4000 ft. 3239 ♀ Amorphochilus santanderensis 66-29-7-13, 21/2 gms. 3240 ♂ t. 2 "glossophag. lost" 73-12-11-15, 10 gms. 3241 ♀ lact. C-glossoph 68-6-11-19, 11 gms. 3242 ♀ no emb. ♂ or sc. Histoturus lost, v. long-eared. 118-59- 47-56-10-32, 79 gms. 31 Aug. Abra Porculla, 16 Km. N. 27 Km. E. of Olmos, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru. 6500 ft. Pura ad. 3243 ♂ t. 2 Zonotrichia capensis peruviana sl. fat, 30 gms. 6' Burd in stream valley ingrassland NW of pass. Saw many. One of 4+ in gas. 7 Km. N. 21 Km. E. of Olmos, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru: 2500 ft. 3244 ♂ t. 4 woodpicher, Stegano-? sl. fat, 186 gms. Phloeocastes guyaquilensis 4 km. or road to E of rim bridge. Wet path in bottom in arid brookleaf zone. 3 Sept. 3 Km. E. o f Morrope, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru: 100 ft. 3245 ♀ 8 mss. clng test-3 emb. CR 23 mm., hairless; Paralomys gerbillus 173-87-20-17, 26 gms. Discarded ♂, testis 3 mm., 9 gmo., taken at site of 3245 on same night. 3246 ♀ clng. n. dds. v. imp. t. scars, 2RZL. Paralomys 160-76-18-17, 16 gms. 2 Sept. Morrope, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru: 100 ft. 3247 ♀ lact. Carallia? Glossoph 68-9-10-19, 11 gms. 3248 ♀ no emb. or lact. Carallia? C-glossoph 64-8-10-19, 10 gms. adule Discarded imm.♀ 7 gmo., imm. ♂ 7 gms. 47-8, daytime in adobe barn hanging from bamboo ceiling dark room. 3249 ♂ t. 7 Desmodus 79-0-19-20, 31 gms. dark room with 3247-8 and a few others, in adobe house. 3 Sept. 3 Km. R of Morrope, in formalin 3250 ♂ t. 7 Paralomys gerbillus (before 10:30 p.m.) 167-86-19-17, 17 gms. 3251 ♀ ut. bulge 3mm. R4L, ♂ t. 7 +1 scar L. " " (after 10:30 p.m.) 150-70-17-16, 15 gms. cayalti; Not lacc. 5 Sept. 35 Km. SE of Chiclayo, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru: 300 ft. 3252 ♂ t. 2 Myiophobus fasciatus rufescens flycatcher sl. fat, 9 gms. 3253 ♀ post. ov. 1 mm. Muscicarella brevicauda sl. fat, 12 gms. 6 Sept. 7 Km. SSE Mocupe, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru: 300 ft. 3254 ♀ no emb. mus musculus v. fat. 150-78-16-19/15 gms. 3314 ♀ post. ov. 1 mm. campylorhynchus fasciatus pallescens lactes nron sl. fat, 319 gms.

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Kofad 1967 Specimen Catalog Peru [Valley of Rio Pira] 8 Sept. 1 Km. N. 12 Km. E. of Pariacota, Dptos. Ancash, Peru. 9500 ft. 3255 ut.sc. f 3R,OL Oryzomya? 213-124-23-17, 18 gms. lrg Phyllotis. Bare 2' old rock wall, overgrown dry dead shrubs; top dry 20% W. slope, 6' from 3256 f t.5 Phyllotis andinum 213-111-27-21, 31 gms. 1 ft. inside hole in 3' up in 10' rock wall, 10% mossy; mod. bunch + herbs at foot. slim ut.horns. (tail bone intact) 3257 f no emb; Phyllotis andinum 204-108-26-21, 28 gms. Undergrown brush on dry partly gravelly W. slope; in bunch area: z ? -121-27-22, 48gms. 3258 d t.10 P. mogistera 27-22, 48gms. Stem cont. pale olive green. Under 1/2 dead red-flowered low shrub on dry 20% W. slope, mod. gravelly. no emb, 3259 f ut.horns slim Phyllotis mogistera 212-104-27-22, 38gms. Cavern green-brown; stem cont. olive pale green & off-white. Bare old rock wall overgrown w. brush, vct. thick 1/4 dead red-flowered; mod. dry W. slope 3260 d t.4 P. mogistera 219-119-27-21, 37gms. stem cont. white; mostly naked (loat ?) Under thick 1/2 dead red-flowered bush; scattered 8" rocks 10 ft. away. 3261 f slim ut.horns P. darwini andinum ? -? - 26-20, 26gm v. rings, Under fine leaved brush on dry slope under few rocks; st.cont. whitish green. 3262 d t.7 P. darwini andinum 223-118-26-22, 34gms. Foot 4' high x 0' rockwall partly covered w. drying herbs; Mod. dry slope tail broken off 3263 f no emb. Marmosa =117-20-15-23, 161/2gms. Bare trunk large bunch, 20% mod. dry slope; rocks, dry grass, buncher maw. 3264 d t.4 Akodon D. 167-77-21-13, 17gms. Cust of mod.dry brush slope; no grass, some rocks. Bare of brush. Mod.open, Asthenes (pudibunda?) 3265 f o.n.c. furuncula sl. fat, 180ms. Overtrapped under brush on mod. dry W. slope. 3266 d t 7x3 Notiolestes pentlandi sustaliti sl. fat 272gms. bridges brown, legs pale yellow. 3267 ut.sc. f 1act; 3R,2L Phyllotis mogistera (?) 247-119-27-24, 53gms. old Before 10 pm. on dry hillslope at bare rock wall partly covered with buncher; a large P. darwini in traps 15' distant in same wall.

Discards - P. andrium 9 sept. 1967, a.m.  220-(19.27-20, 32 gms. t. 4 Stem. cont. 1/2 green, 1/2 white. (rockwell)  31 gm. t. 4 ⚠ 30gms. ut.wart. (rockwell) ⚠ 18+ gm. ...... ⚠ 26+ gm. no wart. a scars. Rock well, under rock.  24 gm. inum. ⚠ 18 gm. innum. Discards 9/9 p.m.(6) and 8/10 a.m. P. andrium  35 gms. t.c cyst tail.  18 gms. ...... ⚠ 27 gms., repro....... ⚠ 28 gms, ut.wart.. Stem.cont.green ⚠ " " " " " 20% green  36 gms. t.5.  28gms t.4 ⚠ 30gms.; ut.scars IR 3L; lastling  41 gms., t.9  t2 gms., t. 9x6 mm. P. magister  20 gms. ......  32 gms. t.5  53gms. t.6 Oryzops ⚠ 22 gms. 6 ut.ludges, 3R 3L, +mm.diam. ⚠ 16 g. - no wart or last. three

Koford 1967 15 Specimen Catalog. [Valley of Rio Pira] 8 Sept 1 Km. N., 12 Km. E. of Pariaqto, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 8500 ft. 3268 ♂ t.6x3 Phyllotis? 222-101-30-25, 39g. Stom. cont. green. Under bushes on mod. dry slope w. some rocks, near open windy flat. vt.sc. 3269 ♀ /act.(very) 3R2l(approx.) Phyllotis d. (?) 254-136-25-23, ♂ 3gms. (solts pink) ut.brownish bloody. Same well as 3267, 15'distant, but in hole in rock wall. 3270 ♀ 3 cmb., 2Rl2, C-R 2c Phyllotis d. 224-121-24-22, 52gms. 3271 ♀ /act. 4cmb.; 3R,1l2; C-R 11 Phyllotis d. 224-121-26-22, 40gms. stomach cont. bright green, part white. 3272 ♂ t.7x4 Phyllotis darwini 227-116-26-22, 39gms. Tunga flea in tail (collected). Bushes on mod. dry gravelly slope, just below open flat. 9 Sept. 3273 ♂ t.7 Phyllotis magistis ?-136-24-25, 60gm. Foot"dam. stubby dead tree & green brush on gravelly slope. (sol. partly eaten) 3274 ♀ ho emb. (victims) P. magister soles dark 39gms. Buffy spot chest (shown in hotodrame w. P.darwini), sound w. brushes. Foot rock wall (old) partly shell broken no curio. [r. fat tail] 3275 ♀ slim vt.horns Marmosa 201-106-15-23, 23gms. Foot old rock wall on 20% W. slope w. sparse brush, semi-arid. 3276 ♂ t.7 Or.yzomyis 225-132-25-17, 27gms. (Demi-arid brushland) Discarded ♂ 21 gms., f.f. Pale rocks among green dry brushes at edge grazed open flat. 10 Sept. 3277 ♂ t.17x10 Phyllotis magister(?) 272-126-29-24,89gms. Stom. cont. white & brown mixed; full. 3278 ♂ t.5 Marmosa 228-121-16-26, 35gms. Brushes meet mod. dry slope w. some rocks. 3279 ♂ t.6 Phyllotis magister? 241-119-29-23, 53g 3280 ♂ t.7 Phyllotis darwini 224-117-26-21, +20gms. Foot of rock wall (old) on mod. dry brushy 20% slope; semi-arid. 11 Sept. 3281 ♂ t.6.4 Marmosa 216-113- (Cant. 9 Sept., died 11 Sept.) 215-111-17-22, 25gms.

Discards: TINCO 11 Sept. 1967 Phyllois andriva or darvini ?̂? 37 gms, t.3 ̂̂̂̂? 34gms, ut. inact. 33 27 30 gms, t.3 21 36 t.3 24 36 t.3 26 31 31 28 34, t.1 AK. bolic. ?̂̂̂̂̂̂̂? ̂̂̂̂̂̂̂? no ( 20gms, ut. clay. emb. 22 or 15 seas 17 17 18 ut. marbus) 24 gms, t.6 22gms, t.7 20 ,t.9 16 gms. Callan, 13Sept. Discards: P. pictus ? 40 gms. - no emb. or se. ? 43 ut. 8mm wide; 2impl. sites, L & R. ? 27 ut. inact. ?̂̂̂̂̂̂̂ 41gms, t.10 27 t.5 27 t/3 AK. bol. ? 159-63-21-14, 21 gms. no emb. or seas. P. subl.? ? 14 gms., inact. ?̂̂̂̂̂̂̂ 17gms, t.6 ?̂̂̂̂̂̂̂ 15 gms, t.4 ?̂̂̂̂̂̂̂ 14 gms, t.3

Koford 1967 Specimen Catalog Peru 11 Sept. Tincog, 2 km. S. 15 Km. W. of Huaras, in Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 12000 ft. 33/10 δ t. 4 Phyllotis d.? 222-119-26-23 38 gms. Disscared 8 other δδ, wts. 28-37 gms. Largest of 9 δδ taken near rocks, brushy grass, farm, near stream. 3282 ⚠ utus inactive Phyllotis d. 215-112-24-22, 34 gms. Largest of 7⚠ taken (wts. 21-34gms., disscaed). Wet siter near stream underwoods. 3283 δt. 4 Abdom d. 170-71-20-14, 28 gms. Disc. 4 δδ/6 -24gms., 6⚠ of 17-22 gms. Rostinine activity in any. 12 Sept. 33/11 δ t. 1 Patagona gigas peruriana no fat, 22 gms. Agriornis albicula albicauda ground flycatcher old fat, 82gms. On rock walls + grounds on dry grass (grazed & cultivated) slopes, no brushy. 3285 δ t. 7 Phyllotis megister? 242-126-29-22, 50gms. no brushy within 100+ meters. Horizontal 4" hole in cut earth next to rock wall on shot dry grass + weed slope; ∼ [about 1 km. to W. of pass] 13 Sept. Callan, 2 Km. S. 11 Km.W. of Huaras, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 13000 ft. 3286 ⚠ lact. j vt. scars Phyllotis pucitan 209-91-25-24, 51gms. 3287 δ t. 10 pucitan 192-80-24-22, 49 gms. 3288 δ t. 7 P. sublinea? 153-65-14-29 25gms. 3289 ⚠ ut. inactive Oryzomy? 192-119-22-(5), 10gms. 3290 δ t. 7 Phylloscetes Kellomys resplendens mod. fat, 228 gms. (stomach contents grass-grew.) 86-90 in puna grasslands; clumps, building, rock wall, scrubby, few [5 Km. by road N. of Recuay] 14 Sept. Rio Santa, 20 Km. S. of Huaras, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 10000 ft. 3291 δ t. 7 Phyllotis 241-124-26-22, 42gms. 3292 δ t. 3 Oryzomy 203-106-25-16, 19 gms. - 91 at rock wall culvert; -92, shrubby slope. Mod. dry, rocky, shrubby area, near river. Same as 11 July, '967] 13 Sept. 1 Km. N. 12 km. E. of Pariacoto, Dpto. Ancash, Peru, 8500 ft. Capt. 10 Sept. - died 13 Sept. 3293 ⚠ ut. inactive Marmosa 205-110-15-14, (18gms.?) Capt. 10 Sept. - died 13 Sept. 3294 ⚠ ut. inact. " 209-111-16-12, (18gms.?) 5 Sept. 7 Km. S.S.E of Mosupe, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 330 ft. formalin 3295 Micrurus coral snake (late afternoon on sand at foot shrubby and hill)

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Kofard 1967 17 Specimen Catalogue Peru 15 Sept. [Rachacoca], 45 km. S. of Huaras, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 11000 ft. local name [Puna zone grassland, near Rio Santa] 3296 ♀ t. 4 Hesperomys? 113-42-19-18, 12 gms. tail broken shut. 3297 ♂ t. 9 mouse 143-54-18-19, 22gms. 3298 ♀ lact. mouse 145-63-19-20, 19 gms. 14 Sept. 96-98 in traps at base rock walls on dry bunchgrass slopes. 3299 ♂ t. 25. anas flaviscutis chrysotinum wt.? On Lake Tapara (sp.?); w. another adult and 5+ juvs.; incl. 2 3300 ♀ juv. (danny) " " " 180 gms. 15 Sept. 3301 ♂ t. 5 (but juv.?) Nothoprocta ornata brunickii sl. fat, 225g. (apparently not known this far north.) in low- high bunch grass or 10% slope w/o bushes. check 14 Sept. All uniform, melanoleuca (On Lake Tapara) label No. 3302 ♀ 1 mm. Ternga melanoleuca only mod. fat, /80 gms. 16 Sept. Lake Canococha, 75 km. S. of Huaras, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 12000 ft. 3303 ♂ t. 8 Phyllotis erestus 223-106-27-22, 49gms. 3304 ♂ t. 8 " " 195-07-24-23, 42 gms. ut. enl. (2 mm. wide); 3305 ♀ no emb. or sc. " perstus 227-108-27-23, 50gms. [ inland dry side ] 1000 ft. 18 Sept. Lomas de Hachay, 20 km. N. 7 km. W. of Chancay, Dpto. Lima, Peru. 3306 ♂ t. 8 Phyllotis 198-102-21-23, 23 gms. Flea cyst removed R side nose; present. Under rocks on slope. 3307 ♀ ut. slg.; nose. " 202-111-22-2f, 22 gms. 3308 ♂ t. 7 " 197-107-21-24, 21 gms. 06-08 under granite boulders in lower green fal zone of eastern dry area. 18 Sept. " , 20 km. N. 11 km. W. of Chancay, Dpto. Lima, Peru. 300 ft. cunicauda 3309 ♂ t 7 x 2 Thinocorus rumicivorus (sp.?) mod. fat, 47 gms. Many in open gentle slopes, shot falcs; flight displays and calls. Nos. 33/0 331/4 3315 3313 3314 3315 (3310-3315 - See: p. 16, top; p. 1, bottom; p. 10, top; p. 6, bottom; p. 13, both; p. 9, bottom. 3311 B a.16 7 Sept. 7 km. SSE of Mocupe, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru 300 ft. skull 3316 only big lizard Gallopistes flavipunctatus

14 Sept. ador 42g.- cat. Phyl. daru? disc: 819g, mm, A 21 g, mm f 22 g, mm A 28 g, t.3 A 26 g, t.2 f 21 g, mm oryz.? : A 19 f, at cat. disc: 07/6g, t.2 f 15g, mm To Recuay, Catac- then pava. Flicker Km. 349t fr. km - 25 Km. fr. Recuay. - Racha coca (local name) takes Tapara (sp.?)- 120 x 250 m 120 x 400 m. Anas crist. Crested -coll. " disors teal. - coll. Grebes -gulls - ibis camp- rock walls- set 26 25 15 Sept.- catch 10 white ear-tuft mice 1 R Roden boliu. (disc) shot Nothern grass smaller mouse - cut. Disc. white eart. mouse { 16 t.3 7: 16g. 07. 15 gms. -t.3 15g.- t.3 15 19g. - t.4 19g.-t.2 15 11g- t.2 = 6 14 - ut. tract. +4 9 -1mm. = 2 To Lake Conococha 4000 m. - 82 Km. fr. Huanc, 13/2 Peter, 33 Km. fr. camp Trout, 3/ to Chiquial Fr camp, bridge 15 km. Geese - ducks- shore birds Rocks-walls

1967 Koford, C. Catalog Peru 18 Sept. Lomas de Lachay, 20 km. N. 7 Km. W. of Chancay, Dpto. Lima, Peru. 1000ft 3317 skull only, no lower jaw. Canepatus 14 Aug. 5 Km. N. of Talara, Dpt. Piura, Peru. (beach) 3318 pickup skull only allbotom 13 Sept. 1 Km N. 12 Km E Poriacolo, Dpto. Ancash, Peru - & 600 ft. formalin capt. 10 Sept. - died 13 Sept. 3319 ♀ Marmosa 202-109-15-24, 20gms. - End Peru trip, summer 1967 -

16 Sept. Frost - ice Traps - 22 by rocks & walls, hike to 300' above 11 Phyll.-med tail. 1 u. Asparagus? in mouth. Disc: 84 0707 35g. juod. nipos., no emb, 41g., t. 7 not last. 31g. - ut. inact. 43g., t. 9 33g. - ut. inact. 39g., t. 7 green slow & caec. cut 40g., t. 8 37g., t. 6 Departed: down dry rocky canyon to coast, Patulca - (32 km. Thru Chusquitambo, 16 km. fr. campo. Upper - rocks, tela, streams. lower - corn, cane Fog cut - to backside huclay - Beruoff 10 1/2 km. post. 17 Sept. Calm - low fog, rising. No cv. use smoke us. 4 carders Berroud. Viscacha sigh (RH saw 3) steel tr. + snares. sun: 16 a.m. - 11 a.m. 3-4pm. 18 Sept. 4 mile (22 tr.) Hummers. disc. > 17g., t. 6 put up 3. (flea cyst nose of >) Fuggy Visit sta - green! I think. zander swig. coll: Thinc. saw - shorebirds, geositta to Luna

C.B. Koford 1967 Journal Peru

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Koford, Carl B. 1967 Journal Peru-Trip 26 June 1967 To Panama City, Panama Purposes of trip was studies of distribution and ecology of various species in northern Peru, and training of 3 gr. students: Robert Hamilton, Ray Huey, and Fred McCallum. Also, to assemble equipment for future trips by others. I departed from Sacramento airport 0630 for San Francisco, where I met Hamilton. We left 0800 on PAA flight 515 to Panama via Los Angeles and Guatemala. McCallum joined us at Los Angeles. Arrived Panama 1710 and stayed at Hotel International near C.Z. 27 June 1967. The 3 of us took 0730 train from Balboa to Frijoles station. Then to Barro Colorado Island in boat with 12+ others, including Chichi-nan grey and oldish. The trip was about the same as 10 yrs. ago. Stanley Rand lived on BCI and seemed to be in charge of research there. Lake full of people, including 2 working on Colobus monkeys. We walked to summit of island, out to AVA 13, and tracks. Usual early afternoon rain. Big almonds (?) trees in prime blossom. Departed 3 p.m. for Frijoles, Panama, & hotel ($5 each /night). 28 June 1967. To airport and took 0630 Braniff fl. 979 to Quito, Sucuyquil (where Huey joined us), and Lima. Went to Humboldt House, Miraflores, where Drs. Hans & Maria Kaeppeler effected us. Lodging at $1 per day, big room to spread specimens, equipment for the ironing. My shotgun (1963 purchase) was there. At this season weather overcast, drizzly, and cool. Visited

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Koford 2 Journal 28 June 1967 Lina, Peru Jorge Milley, Universal Travels, our mail receiver and business adviser. Exchanged money (about 26/$1) and shopped, starting to look for a field car. New Ford Panel was about 5/100 000 - about 2x price in U.S. 29 June 1967. We rented small car from Milley and drove toward Chosica. Collected a few lizards on S. side road near Pampa. Drove up a high rocky hill being developed in Inca style into a residential park. Tillandsia hills present but contained few vertebrates. Many birds around cotton fields, including a black form of vermilion flycatcher. 30 June 1967. More leg work in Lima. Purchased maps at Inst. Geogr. Militar, located at old Lanatambo airport at head Av. Corpus, near big Sears store at San Isidro (Av. de la Republica). Started gun permit negotiations at CAMEC, also old at airport building. Initiated purchase of 1963 VW panel truck. 1 July 1967. More shopping and preparations. Then (mostly sandy desert area) in Milley's little Rambler, we drove N. on Pan American Hwy. to about km 88, then island w. Sayan-Churin road to km. 10 1/2 then on dirt road to NW to dry side (1.2km) (9 km) Lomas de Pachay of coastal hills. Granite boulders, heavy use Ivy roots, clumps of cactus-type cacti, and little other vegetation. Very dry aspect. We had not yet received our shipment of eqpt. from U.S., but we had local materials so...we set out [Tow, left peak ->; right peak ->]

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Koford 1967 3 Journal Perv 2 July to 6 July, 1967 Lomas de Lachay, Dpto. Lima, (J set 12, under edge boulders) equipment- several ordinary mouse traps each (only shipment from (C#K 3037, 3038) states not yet arrived) and camped. Cold was 2 Phyllost. Tempo. range 34°-65°F. We saw burrowing owls, Asthomer, and few other birds. Desolate appearance. Many empty shells of large speical land snails. Old Asthomer cacturn nest nests in branches of streocus Cactus. Big rock slides of clauders up canyon (to W.), with possible vesicaoba sign: Ground much beaten and trails by goats, (2-4' cererus caetum most conspicuous vegetation), and shrubs browsed to mulberis J. No water near. Many fox and lizard traces. We drove back to main Panamerican highway and turned Sunday into hills on road to Bosque de Lachay. This led up gentle open slopes a few kilometer (many (Very dry aspect, even here). Savitta lunnust) to a fence and gate. Then up gentle slope past weather instruments, through open eucalyptus grove (many Pyrocephalus and Gnatriisbia), through 2 more gates and down to headquarters. Met the caretaker, Montes, & a Lima Leiva official who got former to let us use small adobe house there for camp. Area much better by goats or other stock, but some bearded and brown-headed tree up canyons Lichen from headquarters. This is a reserve of the department of Forestry de Caza (Corr Tolovera & Cubo, in Lima). office at (Lachay) Dear Amazon & many others have visited the place, and the Krepelie's did much walk here. We had seen a conda over dry side of hills. I returns to Lima evening of July 3, leaving the 3 to work with about 25 traps and one shotgun. Cattle, Maiteza (sp?), said rains due but late.

Louis de Lorbay July 7 Discarded Passer domesticus Zonotrichia capensis o7 t.6

Koford Journal 4 Dep to Lining Long de Lining to Lachay, Peru. 7 July 1967. Fri. Departed Lima 0230 in VW panel truck & drove north on Panamerican Highway to Longas de Lachay, 6 km. To E of him. 90 on highway. Found Huey, Hamilton, + McCullum well with small collection birds + mice. They said Pyrocephalus just starting to breed, but Zosterops not, still in flood. There Desirita, Speotyto among commonest birds. Foggy every day, + vegetation much beaten up by goats. They finished preparing specimens & packed, while I killed larks for 2 hrs. Uphill from house (at about 900') trees sparsely spaced, laden with Tillandsias and moss, so branches had clublike appearance - weird in fog. Many large boulins + rock antelope. (Huey had collected many geckos, Paul, Phyllodactylus, at night.) Little green herbage because of goats + lark pairs (late this year; should racing now) (Cartolan said driest Jan. - Feb.). Flushed from nest a mourning dove reijal dove. It did distraction display, flopping, walking, to 100' away upslope. On stalk next 15' up was single spul, well feathered, light at medial bend wing (sd. no white in breast view; brown body, gray wings.) Pyrocephalus - saw none of black phase, only red. Cops common in small eucalyptus stand near road on crest ridge, Lachay - I found 3 in lifting about 60 small rocks top rock walls, near or below level of house (900'). Saw 1 lutio reijal larkle. Barnant burnet common below 900'. Some in pairs. Some & months barrows on base hillsides. White areas head + back prominent. / Geospiza comm under rocks. Saw no ligands. Carotolan, Mantera, said vicuna present high up on dry side. Too much disturbance by dogs, people, goats, radios, domestic pigeons, etc. near houses for pleasant operation. We departed about 1300 and drove north. Dry sandy rocky country until valley of Rio Huaras, which was flat and green

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Koford 5 Journal 213 in Dpto. Ancash 7 July 1967 To Km. 203, N of Paramonga, Peru with many crops, cattle, casuarinas, aecoloptus. We drove to edge rocky beds near Lampa at km 203. Saw loren whole, cornmuta, pelicans, + I picked up a toothless human shell (deformed occiput). They caught two Tropidurus lizards in roundel boulder break sides, + Hamilton a snake. We drove out through Tillandsia hills and camped at base of one near km 213. Larger broad & smaller leafed Tillandsia only apparent plants. Saw fox, lizard, + rare mouse traps. I set 40 snap traps on hill slope near Tillandsia on sandy ground, + a few near red rocks nearby. I caught 0 tho 9\" Tillandsia one more took passed next to trap. They set traps too & caught one Mice.] Camped there at 2061er. Hamilton shot a Spriylle. 8 July 1967. Picked up traps. Ray caught a few geckos. Clutch solar repairs, then difficulty in driving out in fine sandy ground. Bird very rare in Tillandsia area, tho scorpions + crebete common. Departed 1230 when still foggy (drizzly early a.m.) Drove N thru sand, rocky Tillandsia hills, with occasional wiers ocean. Sand dunes on km 225. A tunnel in rock. Stopped at km 238 and inspected sandy beach where many Larus modestus feeding on sand at edge wave wash. Several skeleton pelicans in 200 meters, and some cornmut + Lula bodies too. Drove on and at km 254 saw sandar soaring over barren hills; later another single one. N Hurmy area (km 277) another flat green valley w. many Cerogyps. Corn growing. Many Rhytistobalus. Many sand dunes on km 350. Another flat green valley in area of Llama, with corn prominent. Barren rock hills stuck up thru greenery. Stopped here. Then took road toward Huaroas and drove thru scattered rancher w. corn, avocado, papayas, yuca, occasionally 213 200+ (r.4)rocber)

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Koford 6 Journal Peru 0 July 1967. Cosma - Near as road, Dept. Arecahu about 1 mi. before reaching 20' stream. Passed thru two small towns and camped Beyond Piscooto ---- on road! at narrowing of valley near stream at 3000' 52 km from Cosma. (?) Are myster in evening, to drivs & modals uncommon near road up. Clear sky, bright stars, & cool night. Set no traps - too late. To crest of Cordillera Negra 9 July 1967 Morning fog to about 300'. This area has large corn section for 5. widespread on rock slopes; shrubs, pepper trees; bananas, corn crops. Dense dry slopes to N. Departed 0800 and drove uphill toward Huaran. Piscooto 1360 m., small town. Adobe houses, corn crops, green valley. A further beyond we saw 50+ green & red large parrots in flocks 10-20, in avocados (?) tree and flying. Road went upstream. Stopped at about 4800' - slopes steep, cactus and rocks on dry grass slopes. Swifts flying (white area below). Pepper trees. Jointed cane growing near stream. At 6000' still much cultivation in bottom, 100-300 yds so. wide. Eucalyptus, pepper trees. 6000', green flat. A man with several 8" trout fishing. Many swifts. On up dirt road. At 9000' saw large green hummingbirds, some feeding on common red-flowered shrub. At 12000'; 2 juvenile sparrows hawks in hole in bank 20' above road; fully fledged. At about 12500, last barley fields. Summit 5 km beyond (120 from Cosma). Area short dry grass w. 13000' Cullen rock outcroppings. Could look down on Huaran to E., & up at the Cordillera Blanca, splendid line of 6000 m. icy peaks - we all took pics. Vomellus Ptiloscelys Saw lapwings in gp. 10+. Returned 5 km down road to 12500' when we camped in area grass, short brush & rock outcrops & walls. I set 35 traps upslope, Hurley & McCallum set nearer camps. Hemil- ton floored by the altitude, cold, & dryness. We all felt decidedly & a little dizzy when exerted. Heard food calling at night. 10 July 1967. Cold night but calm. My traps held 8 mice of 4 or 5 app. 5 were sane & in same circular rock wall (like 3042). McCallum got

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Koford 7 Journal 10 July 1967 Hd. Rio Pira, Dpt. Ancash, Peru one possible P. mojistan, large w. faint bluffy chest spot (+ plain ear?) (?) than P. darwini. Discarded P. darwini, 26 gps., 4 emb., c.-R 8mm. (coll. McC.). Seuil P. darwini taken by McC and Hey, & some put ups. We put up specimens, then moved down road, passing through (as Tinco) some bromeliads on cliffs area, rock grass tola mixture. The narrow valley & babilations made finding camping spot difficult. about 8500 ft. campst c=1km N. 12 km. El. of PariaCoto) Camped at 9000' by road on N slope. Brusby area, some short grass, remnants very old rock walls, dry + poor looking the cattle looked healthy. Many hummingbirds, zonotishia, finjillids, & others. Saw Nothoprocta sp. tinamoues. Arrived 1630 and set traps. I set 26 traps upslope from road in brush & rocks, tho little sign. Much use by cattle & people working/ Pira 8000ft. F.of Paria Coto, Rio Pira drainage, 9000 of 7 sps. 11 July 1967. My 26 traps held 13 animals, & other spring or pulled out, so rich in small mammals. Mine included a Marmosa & McC. and Oryzomya. We put up specimens. Hamilton Hey had P.darwini? in traps. They got many frogs last night near irrigation ditch. In afternoon the boys put up net and also shot birds. At least 4 kinds hummingbirds present, and doves, turdids, finches-very rich tho poor looking vegetation. Hamilton shot a young tinamou, Nothoprocta pentlandi & saw adult with small young. I found nest of hummer w/ 2 nestlings. In evening I drove 5 km. up (elw. 8500' 9000' ft) road and set 28 traps near small stream on dry grass- rock-cerous hillslope. Clear night again. 12 July 1967. Clear night. No lots in 1 net set. Traps held 9 animals, incl. 2 akodon, 1 marmosa (imm.), 2 small mice, & Phyllostis darwinii?! Seuil traps in damp area reeds & shrubs spring, as by 8500ft. larger mammal. Near 9000'camp many hummingbirds (gran w. lake ``` ```json {"text": "Koford\n7\nJournal\n10 July 1967 Hd. Rio Pira, Dpt. Ancash, Peru\none possible P. mojistan, large w. faint bluffy chest spot (+ plain ear?)\n(?) than P. darwini.\nDiscarded P. darwini, 26 gps., 4 emb., c.-R 8mm. (coll.\nMcC.). Seuil P. darwini taken by McC and Hey, & some put ups. We\nput up specimens, then moved down road, passing through\n(as Tinco)\nsome bromeliads on cliffs area, rock grass tola mixture. The\nnarrow valley & babilations made finding camping spot difficult.\nabout 8500 ft.\ncampst c=1km N. 12 km. El. of PariaCoto)\nCamped at 9000' by road on N slope. Brusby area, some short grass,\nremnants very old rock walls, dry + poor looking the cattle looked\nhealthy. Many hummingbirds, zonotishia, finjillids, & others. Saw\nNothoprocta sp.\ntinamoues. Arrived 1630 and set traps. I set 26 traps upslope\nfrom road in brush & rocks, tho little sign. Much use by\ncattle & people working/ Pira 8000ft.\nF.of Paria Coto, Rio Pira drainage, 9000\nof 7 sps.\n11 July 1967. My 26 traps held 13 animals, & other spring or pulled\nout, so rich in small mammals. Mine included a Marmosa &\nMcC. and\nOryzomya. We put up specimens. Hamilton Hey had P.darwini?\nin traps. They got many frogs last night near irrigation ditch.\nIn afternoon the boys put up net and also shot birds. At least\n4 kinds hummingbirds present, and doves, turdids, finches-very\nrich tho poor looking vegetation. Hamilton shot a young tinamou,\nNothoprocta pentlandi & saw adult with small young. I found\nnest of hummer w/ 2 nestlings. In evening I drove 5 km. up (elw. 8500' 9000' ft)\nroad and set 28 traps near small stream on dry grass-\nrock-cerous hillslope. Clear night again.\n12 July 1967. Clear night. No lots in 1 net set. Traps held 9\nanimals, incl. 2 akodon, 1 marmosa (imm.), 2 small mice, & Phyllostis\ndarwinii?! Seuil traps in damp area reeds & shrubs spring, as by\n8500ft.\nlarger mammal. Near 9000'camp many hummingbirds (gran w. lake"}

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Koford Journal 8500ft. PERU. 12 July 1967 1 Km. N. 12 Km. E. Paria coto, Dpto. Ancash, tail; see Hamilton spec.) displaying + chasing. Also one with 2 long white tail feathers. Gonitichia common, & most often in net- they seem to avoid sand & colred net in sunshine. We put up skine & departed about 1200 to descend toward Carma. Bathed in creek. Shopped in Carma and camped mid-lun. to N. in barren rock + sand hills near coast. 13 July 1967. We drove on past Chocalte (many fishing boats; Juently adobe barn; pelicans in food feeding on garbage) to Trujillo. Dpto. La Libertad stopped & changed oil, repaired tire. On to 5 km NE Pocosmayo and camped on sandy flat near green area shrubs + mosquito. I set 20 traps along grass brush of thorn fence. Dpto. La Libertad, Peru, 5 Km/NE of Paracayao, Peru 14 July 1967. At 2 a.m. I ran trap line & found: Allobates bolivianus and one g. muis (discarded). Shot Caperimulguies on nest w. eggs. Saw over birds, vermilion flycatcher, black vulture, costen dep., Lambayeque, Peru many others. Drove on to Chiclayo. Shopping + repairs, about 25 (Capparis?) pm. 5. Chilago, area of loose sand; field crowned with large thorn (20 pots) many shrubs. Piles lose teardrop-like lizard tracks, but we found none at noon- small hole went into sand. Dead Furnaria by road. / 2:30 p.m. w. drove to Lambayeque & turned off toward Morope for 18 km. Camped in sandy area with prosopis + Capparis bushes. Many lizard (Hesperomys gerbillus) tracks. By 8 p.m., McCullum had a mouse & Honey a gekko. I set 30 snaps traps near bushes. Nothing by 11:30 p.m. (H. gerbillus) 15 July 1967. My traps held 2 mice. Many mocking birds in Prosopis tree. Drizzly light rain at times in night, + cumulus stratus clouds morning. Collected for birds. Then down to Chiclayo for supplies + nw Km. 815 meal, then on north and camped 1 km. N of Jayanca, Dpto. Lambayeque. We set traps in cut & beaten brush and thorn fence near a sandy wash. Many kinds of small birds present, and boys saw one or more

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Koford 1967 Journal Perú 15 July 1967. No. Jayanca, Dpto. Lambayeque, foler. A lot root under bridge nearby. About 2 a.m., they + I visited the bridge and took 5- golders from the concrete ceiling. This was Sunday Saturday. hig (?) 16 July 1967. We drove on toward Piura. Near Motupe I shot a magpie + jay + turacaw large + small parake. Otherwise most area dry thatgrass, mosquito brush, + sunstrokin'. About when enter tropical sand on foothills map, soil became sandy with widespread clumps. Then about 10 hrs. before Piura, sand became with occasional magnolia to 5' of road; to N., wide zapotc spread shrubs in card - cope, "mule ear," "gren balbalocacia," and mosquito. Perú We set traps. Saw many lizard trocha + fox trocha. No. Piura, Dpto. Piura, H. gerbillus 17 July 1967. My 35 traps held 2 pole mice (3069, 3061), both on 4' sand hill cov. cov with short "mule ear" shrub. Hamilton also caught one. I caught a Lazo - sitto + Caristinum in trap traps. Personally we are at No. station of Perú definitive declue dent. We drove on to Piura, a dirtier less developed town than Chiclayo. This is cotton, banana, + cultivated green region. Then we drove on toward Secchua, which lay at edge of desert and was small poor oddle town, apparently without public (only water tanker, done driven) to 558 water system. On for about 30 hrs. ^ and camped on rather hard desert with small clumps covered with "mule ear" shrub. I set 25 traps on these hills. To Bayovar, Dpto. Piura, Peru. (H. gerbillus) 18 July 1967. I caught one mouse. We drove on a few hrs. (30 ft. Piura) to head of Estuario de Virilota, where we saw hundreds of gulls, cormor- ante, shore birds, and a few dozen flamingos. Hamilton made bird lists about 1/2 hrs. toward sea was old turtle camp, with lower + pieces Chelonia shell green turtles, all perhaps years old. Several big de sea and taken by they. Ground covered with fox + skunk trocha in Telenova Salvinia and similar accumulate by water. Many Lazo + other crabs, + potato shells. Area seemed good for study. We drove on to Bayovar, about

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Koford 1967 Journal Peru 10 18 July 1967 60km from Lina. Peaceful tiny with only half dozen men about, as mine not operating and waiting for Peruvian representative to leave. The man very cordial + offered water, quarters, both washing machine, etc., at most the had been about 150 men there. The

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Koford 1967 Journal Peru 19 July 1967 Reventazon, Dto. Pura Peru H. gerlaillus Drew topo line (40 steps) about 1 a.m. + took 8 pelican & hummingbirds under broken in sandy ground. Drizzling later, + at 8 a.m. took 4 more mice from topsoil. In all, 12, from 7 to 21gms. Fox apparently pulled out one. No ant damage. Now then at midday the lumaurs (lizards, birds, or fox digging). Last eve saw night-thrush flying near mine ruins. Also 2-3 turkey vultures perched there much of day - nest in mine? Yesterday Huey shot a Cuivostin, + we saw Swiftness. To W., Hamilton saw Hygrophalus + owl other spp. in large magnificence near goat-hair's shade. So Huey took a few geese last night. / Morning airstart at about 300' and 10 mph wind from SE./ About 1 a.m. clear, lost in strange shelter 300 yds NW of ruin, but he escaped mystery? Hung four metal pieces near ceiling. Opening about 2' x 3', to 8 x 20 x 7' rock chamber. / Also The gobbled came and talked with us. He said small snakes common (Huey found one), that this was a large brown snake, that many pelicans were sick and dying; that there was no

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Koford 1967 12 Journal Peru 20 July 1967 Nr. Cerro Illescas, Dpto. Piura, side (6/10) and sand to leeward. 27 km., hummocks w. shrubs and occas., small dunes. 33 km., rocks in strata and larger mesquite; (42) s-down we saw 3 scolopacids walking on desolate flat. Spent 1/2 hr. searching for Cueva Cueva de las Lencas, when said to be many late. (Dto. Tric Trac nr.) Then to Bayovar, where stayed in colonias & had good meal with the small staff (3 men). Set no traps. Cold & dark here today, w. 15 kt. wind Nr. Bayovar Dpto. Piura. 21 July 1967. Friday. Reorganized gear. Hamilton shots Pedregas, & some of them seemed to be counting. Cluster of 100+ red cuds on sand on beach. Net caught some grosbeaks, tow doves, mockingbirds, wail- ens, geosittors, Passer s., turkey + black vultures. We drove 13 km. to East 25. wateh well at foot rocky quebrada & set traps there. Returned to Bayovar, and I set 25 traps in shrubs in sand about 2 km. away, where many good trochis, copei lizards, & small mesquite. At water area set 25 under rock ledges where no plants but many cope (?) scale. Overcast and windy & cold all day, occasionally lightening, but clear by 8 p.m. and full moon. 1967. 22 July 1967 (25) Overcast morning. Traps in mesquite copei lizards H. garbillus held 1 mouse (10gm. o, t. ?, min., discarded, the real mouse.) but a few traps spring & foot trochis alongside. Traps along removal of deresinii well also held 5, but Mr. Collins got a fine Phylletis in lower rocks, nothing new broken in bottom of draw. About 4 km. SE of Bayovar, caught 1 min. or fox & shot hummingbird + coecrib (?) also found a coral snake, which Harry collected, about 10 a.m. Much warm- er today and brighten sky. Left 25 traps out in brush on sand & caught 3 Armeus during the day (out bait). Boys set up net same area and took several Cross grosbeaks. Afternoon I saw fishermen diving in Cheloni's myddi's spec turtles a few at a time on small log rafts, about 24 in all.

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Koford 1967 Journal 22 July 1967. Set. Mr. Bayovan, Depto. Picoa, Peru. were brought in and piled in truck. Caught by set & clamp nets. Have must have weighed over 100 lbs. I offered to buy one; they said they were worth (80$) about 20 soles in Puira. Then they gave me a small knife, and I took most of the meat for the kitchen. As I cleared it, several black vultures came and stood 50-100 ft. away, & when I left carcass for a minute, went to it. / Checked traps late afternoon & had caught 3 large Anaconda, checked again 9 p.m., nothing— but Hamilton had 4 of the pole vipers Hydrogillus daytime, in long trap line w. many set by 3" holes in sandy ground. Saw 2 bats in evening. Vultures roosted in 15' mosquito tree & flew fairly well in moonlight when disturbed. Clew early night w. mosquitoes about 7 p.m. 23 July 1967. Nothing in my 25 traps (second night out). 100+ carrion crows roosted on remains of an pig at Bayovan. About 10 a.m. saw 4 condors circling about 1 km. S. of B. One landed near a group of Cather + Cragyps on ground & approached small fawns. All flushed as car neared to 70 yds. Black v. soon returned, & later some turkey vulture, but apparently not condors for rest of day. Carrion opened only at anus + shoulder; I set 2 steel traps by it in evening. Also set 40 snap traps in roads near scorched brush about 2 km. W of Bayovan. In evening about 60 Redeye hawks swam 50-200 yds. off beach in a loose groups. Checked traps 9 p.m.; no catch. That's for. 24 July 1967. No catch in traps. In afternoon drove to Estuario de Varcel Varnilo; observed & collected birds. At ocean edge, many gulls, pelicans & a few Oceanseter (we collected 3) and shear- water (we collected one). On estuary mud flats many flamingos, egrets, snail-eater, sandpipers, and others (see Hamil-

Ko Ford 1967 14 Journal 24 July 1967. Mon. Nr. Bayovar, Dpto. Piura, Peru. (too note). I shot an egret-like from field. Saw several Nunumia. Gosette are on sand ocean shore. Fisherman brought in small sled, "langusado" (lulubut-like), macrel-like small fish. Many thick petrels on beach. Barelife village of mud, sticks, & straw note - tem- porary and poor. Clearst day yet, but fog to 5.+ 20 at wind in afternoon. Set no traps & no night hunting or collecting. 25 July 1967. In afternoon we drove 2+ km. on road toward Nisol Mine (toomuck sand beyond), set traps, & camped in flat "coguis" desert where many barcasses and sand hummocks to 5 m. high half covered on windward side) by "mule ear" brush. Some mosquito, much of it half dead (from sand drowning). Saw gosette hummingbird, coeolid, & a sliver (flying). Many forestrocks. No lizards seen. I set 40 traps on the "mule ear" dunes & checked them about midnight (2 mice). Cold, windy, overcast, wind dying somewhat at night. 26 July / 1967. They had 3 mice in traps. Cold + overcast continued. We return- ed to Bayovar. Boys collected a gebo + 2 comorants, while I set 33 traps in rocks near brush at edge wash about 2 km. 5 W of Bayovar. Clearthine in afternoon. Nr. Bayovar, Dto. Piura 27 July / 1967. Traps held / 10 gm. pale mouse; deceased. Departed 110 m. & drove to San Raman potash area. Little vegetation, barcasses, & salt ponds, but gosette present + a sandpiper in pond. Then to Aschana, where former area stated (mosquito, cotton), + we collected a few birds including small parrot. Then to Piura for supplies, & drove on toward Sullana in desert. Camped about 8 km. W. 8 km N. of Piura near small sandhills w/ "mule ear" shrubs and some mosquito & copea. Piura -> Sullana, Dpto. Piura, Peru - 28 July / 1967. Peruvian Independence Day. Traps held + pale mice, somewhat mouse-eaten. Many forestrocks + I saw foreye chick in early (3 a.m.) morning.

Koford 1967 Journal 28 July 1967 Nr. Talara, Dpto. Piura, Peru. We drove on to Talara, a brick town built by Gut. Petroleum Co. Windy & sandy area, quite barren, with oil refinery by seashore. After some inquiries met Mr RS Carly, in charge of refinery. He had been here 11 yrs. Now only 42 Americans here. Carly had some interest in bird birds and told of some local spots in quebradas. He took us to one in Quebrada Honda, about 25 km. from Talara, and we camped there in 20 ft. mesquite trees at edge of dry wash. Some soft sandstone cliffs at edge work. Much better big goats & deer-ups, and many fox traces everywhere. Good variety of birds. I set 35 traps near edge washed near rock & mesquite. We saw a few larks but set up no nets. Fundo, Q. Honda, Dept. Piura, Peru 29 July 1967. Traps held 3 many being spring or pulled out by foxes. Some strings or tags chewed in two (big goats? foxes?). Bird collecting good and we took parrots, flycatchers, griseaters, wood creepers, wood-pickers, & others. Big todds and a Tropidurus present. In evening Ray found large geckos on tree trunks. Set up bird nets, which took 2 or few birds. In evening saw small bat (myotis?) flying low along mesquite, & took Desmodus and 2 other species (Chilobatrax) in nets. Less wind today. Fred McCollum collected a small owl. 30 July 1967. Put up larks & birds, then went to Talara to clean up and for repairs and supplies. Sunday. We talked with Mr Carly and saw (a radio ham) and stayed at the Puntas Areceras housing settlement, which was like U.S. Carly showed me another local area in Parivan quebradas, and area of sea caves near Moleza point. 31 July 1967. Slipped, & to Parivar (Mr. Nocente) when we camped among mesquite trees up to 30' tall, crowns closed in many parts. Fair variety of birds as at Fundo. We stayed until August 3 morning, when we moved up Quebrada Parivar 12 km. to area of a EWE of Talara, Dpt. Piura, Peru.

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Koford Journal August 1-5 1967. Nr. Talara, Dept. Piura, Peru. well at Monte Bojo Grande, a dry site. Huey and Hamilton on had visited this Aug. 2, guided by local man, to see a bat cave, and had caught one of 12+ bats seen. I visited the site on August 3. It lay in bottom of draw among mud hills, nearly bare, where a rock stratum ended and edge had faulted, leaving block to close one side. Bats were visible by daylight about 12' in and 6' above ground, all (I saw about 6-8) in one large groups. I (CB&K no 3118) netted 2 + later caught 2 more (so 5 taken of original gp.). Bats flew (CB&K 3114, 3120) out of cave, & some into 30' long recess about 1 1/2' high in back of cave. Thinking more birds possibly present, I set net across canyon a dozen yds. downstream. Bats emerged about 6:30 p.m., but flew up & over ridge rather than down canyon (none got in net overnight). These bats very long-winged (restor fuscus? - fed on the red-flowered epiphyte?). This plant a favorite of humming- birds and some other small birds. Grows near periphery of cave fly 3 m. foliage in clumps up to several feet across. Set out 4 nets and took some Dorsal-gus. Too many goats & fleas for trapping. at night in denser area large megachiro (in big coral) saw occasional Caprimulgus (3123 CBK) + heard occasional owl. One early morning (Aug 4) I saw eyeline up tree and shot a net (3122 CBK). We saw many bats but could not catch few in nets. At night large bat (Desmodus?) sometimes sled around walking man & seemed to respond to squeaks. The boys got some tree squirrels in thick vegetation. Almost no birds in reproductive condition, + no nesting evidence. Rains apparently rare & irregular. Many white-winged dove rooted in mesquite + drank at water trough near well (basket drawn). On 5 August we departed about noon and drove back to Talara, where visited with Carlys, and

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Koford 17 Journal 6 August 1967 Peru: Talora -> Mancora, Dpta Piura, then camped on road north. Set no traps. Nr. Mancora 7 August 1967. We drove N to Mancora. No vegetation growth or apparent litter on P. Honda & there. Fishing town; 300+ trucks + 30+ smalls. Petrol, shrimp tin flying near shore. Usual rich + dead pelicans on beach. We were told boats went out about 7 a.m. or earlier, returned about 3 p.m. Just N. of Mancora came up P. Banneries about 10.00 a.m. Good stands mosquito + small birds including parrots. Furnarius seemed especially common, wailing in dust under mesquites. Big teid lizards. In sand where mes- guints especially tall, perhaps 60; Nuey shot a large woodpecker. Later (= Barrancas) we camped there about 1 hr. beyond pump station. Heard owls in evening and I shot 2 (no eyeshine seen). Also heard Burhinus, (CBK 3140) & shot one confused by light. (Locals know as

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Koford 18 Journal 9 August 1967 Peru. Hills to N of Anotape, Pto. Piura, went on E. to Los Baez. Saw redstart, vermillion flycatcher, small perote Damilton near house. (Bolshet a Coprinulgius near our campsite). We continued E. on barely passable road about 6 km. (15 from Panamericana highway), when we hit better road going N. Some Tillandsia soon after losing herdure stock. N. of our road the hills were covered w. granite boulders mixed with sparse costus th3 & brush. We camped in this area 4 days set snap traps [no catch]. Some birds collected including ant bird, & saw wood creeper, sparrow, vermillion dog flycatcher, oriole, hummingbird. Tillandsia growing on costus. A purple flowered stell a some tree (onomida). Granite boulders reddish and exfol- iating, as in Kentucky's Lenchuri area of Bongo Desert, Colf. Butes/selysana?) occasional, & 3 sparrow hawk. Common large (20) thr, mainly duffers, the primitive compound leaf, flets. perote about 2' long, & cut bark spider milk (Colo santo?). No night animals seen slept forage, in evening. 5E foot Co. Anotape 10 August 1967. The 3 boys picked up traps and then priced off granite (phyllocladus?) slopes slabs looking for geckhos - they found about 20 in 2-3 each of hours, and also 2 bats at 2 sites (3145-3148, C&K). We tried to cat nos. +, drive on E., but lost road after 3 km. so returned to good dirt road down brg. work 14 km (about 1/70') to highway, & on 11 km. to Tamarindo. Then to Sullana for supplies, and drove on 67 km. NE to Los Baez, near a dam (proved to be earth dam 6 km. from town, lake down down in rocky basin, w. few birds). Along this bird much greenery, and black carrizina, caracara, dove, oriole, saffron finches, & other birds. Country gradually more vegetated toward Los Baez but still became very dry w. dead- mouse shrubs and trees to 30'. Camped 5 km. beyond Los Baez. Many dry coarse herbs about 1'-2' high infected teredin slimes. Heard owl at night. I set 20 traps near rush in shrubs, rocks, and along stick fence. Saw almost no bats. [illegible]

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Koford 19 Journal 11 August 1967 Mr. Las Lomas, Dato. Piura, Peru: Collected birds, which were about same as at P. Pavia's, with addition of big Black white woodpecker and the Blue. Red. white magpie. Many mockingbirds. Drove to demo & collected frogs. Big leaf trees near camp area. I set 15 traps near rocks, bushes, and stick fences. 12 August 1967. No catch in traps. We drove to hellings, collecting 2 yellow fincher big-nosed (3157, 3158 cat), 07 w. large testers (due irrigation?). Many gallinule & a few geese in ruin pond nr. La Tullera. Drove on to Piura for supplies & visit to office of Minora Bayovar. Then drove E. on Panamerican highway. Sandy desert in shrubs about 10 km. W., but mostly large coyote (mesquite cut out?) at 15 km. Drove on to area of Landryguine border, and at road crest of red rocky hill took side road about 3 km. to a radio relay tower w. fine view of area to S. and W. Hazy & soon foggy at our level, we set traps. I put 10 in rocks, cactus & shrubs near sweet hills. A fine grand elementary rock w. lines of colchite (?). Little or no fresh signs (except of foxes), but many holes. Tillandsia + lichens in trees and Cane. A t'operita like cactas also present. Mostly leafless bushes 6-10', w. occasional yopoth or other evergreen. No recent sign coyote. Grass (dead) to 1' high on some slopes. Picturygine hill w. fog vegetation. Abra Napea, border Dato Piura 13 August 1967. Fog at our level (1500'). I caught, Phyllotis and de Hamilton another. Little saw a coral snake which escaped. Flocks of 50+ fincher flew over. Saw 1-2 vultures soaring over hill on round & soaring, as if part of flyway (nest on E. side?). Hamilton found a local snake on rocky slope (escaped). We departed about noon and drove toward Chiclayo (our side road nr. km. 933, about 8 km. N. of Napaea (= Abra de Napaea)). A few km. S. of Natupe we stopped by a granite bowl den hill (Cq. de la Vieja, probably) and picked off elf-dustain, looking

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Koford 20 Journal 13 August 1967. for gellos, we caught 3 and Hamilton said a few more escaped. The other reddish, + associated shrubs, cactus, + small trees about same as at Aneto area. Many forest trees (I saw an 30 yrs. distant ridge), and goats. extire hill much lichen dry goats. We drove on and took road a few km. N. of Lambayeque toward Motupe, + camped near farm site but near new + irrigation. Mc Cullum set traps (took 1 Paralysis) Peramys). Many doves + other birds in green vegetation. Overcast, cold, windy. 14 August 1967. We drove in to Chiclayo for supplies and mail. tried Hamilton took a look on sidewalks dry brick wall at edge of town, and later we found amphibiaena, typolopes, + gellos under palm + cacti ditches in vacant lot opposite VV services garage. We drove a few mile N. and camped E. of Olmos 15 August 1967. Drove on N. to near Olmos, there captured found Sarn. (Erythrina) Stopped occassionally to look or to collect. A red flowered tree with some Tillandsia common at some sites. Olmos River was a small stream, soon dry. Some cactus in trees, + some saw Frigis and other tropical types. Patch of green forest in some canyons, the most hills dry shrubs and leafless trees. Camped 34 km. out on road at 4300 ft. (altimeter), near a concrete bridge over small stream. Set up nets. Collected birds and later I set 25 prop traps near stream (no catch). Patch of green trees in small canyon near camp. Some goats nearby, but some paratidly little livestock trouble. Slight drizzle in afternoon and night. 16 August 1967. Put up specimens + hunted. Prop traps took nothing. Coturnixes, furmanus, flystebra, formianids, torngoes, and birds we already had from other localities. Set out nets for bats and took a few during night. My net, near bridge over small stream, took only 3 bats. Stayed overnight; no traps. 17 August 1967. Departs early afternoon and drove on uphill,

Abra Porculla 2174m. Maranón bridge km. 207 +10 km jet (14 to Bagua) Hda. Morcilla (nr. Bagua Grande) - Americo Zhini (UCLA) 8/23 Bagua Gr. - 19 km from camp. Plc. Magunchale - good canyon to S. - 36 km. from BG. camp - 14 km. beyond, 2500 ft. (odom. 78/37) 8/23 camp 29 S 30 E of Bagua (46 by rd. fr. BG) utucumbo R. 8/24 camp Tingo Km 280 ocr. 910. stream trib. to Utcob. 8/23 Hda. nr Morcilla, nr. Bagua Grande Aptdo. 8, Chiclayo. h, Sr. Americo Zhini (boss) (control murcielagos)

Koford 21 Journal 17 August 1967. Porculla Pass & down to E., Peru Stopping twice to collect before reaching Abra Porculla - alternate road 6700 at summit, when origin said 2144 m. Just over summit a square ridorso of pure grassland, but canyon descending to E. was rocky, dry, cauterizing: (Our camp last night was 1/6 km. before summit or road). Descended road through dry country with little life until reaching puddles of Huolapampa, where much gnat-mosquito in a broad wash. We camped about 2 km. from Huolapampa, at elev. about 4300 ft. Near camp were 50' cliffs full of holes & crevices. Holes contain hundreds of wasp-nests, & large corpse was at every tree. Also one cliff contains Desmodium. I shot 3 in eve- ning & saw 50+ in the cave, 20' in from entrance; Hamilton put up net & took a lot (prepared by CBK) of La Desmodium (colored). 18 August 1967. I shot an Anatinga, which had perched with another at cliff hole (but feets not large). There noisy at twiner. Possibly some birds feed on the wasps, which are numerous on cliff and trunks of some trees. We drove on damp dry work (occasional water) to edge of Rio Huancabamba, where we saw a cave entrance 100 yds. up a rocky slope. Ascended to cave and found 8+ small bats, which hung in low-roofed (& high too) dark rock chambers of tunnel about 10 yds. deep. Apparently thumbless ferret-tailed bats. Crossed bridge at El Tambo, in dry river valley. Then drove along river through 2 small towns, lay a new steel bridge, and to El Oronel. Here a flat dry river, with rocky brushy slopes to NE and much mosquito on flat. Set up bird/bat nets. Right-bats flying in eve- ning. Flocks of small doves rooted in mosquito. Local CBK nos 3178-3179. rocky

8/25 Lv. Tingo - 11 Km. to bridge Morgan Ho. T. + 14 to Pte.Aznac. Control sta. T.+ 16Km Stores & Gasol.- toward Panac, Then + 15 to snake DOR 6250'. Lv. Panac.- starts +33, going up to 6500' Lake.

Journal 19 August 18 September 1967 El Areval, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru Days found for us a green "camelón" in a mesquite tree (Huey et alq). We stayed on until morning of - 20 August 1967. Took down nets and started on toward Rio Marañon. Stopped in area cactus, roble, and spiny trees to collect green Jays and lorix ants. Then on and canget bug stream entering Rio Chancaya, where I set up a few traps and loays put up bot net. Several mice caught in bushes in this rather humid area in evening (CSK 3190 - 3192). -- 21 August 1967. Drove or downstream to bridge over Rio Mar- arán at point where country dry w. much mesquite in near river. Bridge about km. 207 (from Olmos). Drove on to low point in road, near clear (living?) stream through rod.- wooded area, near tree cactus zone. Large trees + dense vegetation than nearby. Camped and set up nets. Heard caprimulgids and owls calling in evening, and shot some at night. Fair variety of birds and bats, as we stayed until August 23. One afternoon a group of kalpis came + poled around, but caused no trouble. 23 August 1967. Drove to Bagua Grande on Rio Utcubamba, 19 km. from camp. Shortly before town stopped at H'cta. Morilla, a huge cattle operation owned by Americo Ghini (trained at UCLA). He was having much trouble with infect- on of cattle wounds caused by vampires. This would be good base for work in the region. Cattle are shipped to Lima by truck for finishing off. Continued on 46 km. beyond Bagua and camped on an abandoned sawmill site near river. Set up one bot net.

28. 8/29 to P. lake - 6400' P. - berm, 336 post + 38 km. toUtcumbao bridge Perr br. -> Bagua Gr., 62 km. B. G. -> Marañon R., 32 km. Marañon -> Chanaya, 16 km. " -> Ptc.Chunchuca, 35 km. 8/30 eve. Set 17 (caught 1 Phyl.) glossoph. bats, Desmod, + 2 other spp. 8/30 31 Ir. Hualapampa 0930 Porcello Pass 2144 m. (altim. 6200' at 29.38) zonotri 6500' at 29.71 turdus (at Camp) Co. Vieja, S. of Motupe.) coll. lizards - 3 km. W. n road. summit -> bridge go 15 km. on road. -> former camp 16 km. -> sharp curve < 20 km. -> snake & lizard site 28 km. (2500') -> iron bridge 32 km. -> Olmos jet. 49km. 9/1 To Chiclayo camped nr Motupe. No traps. Wind, overcast. Xf Motupe overcast pm. 9/2 Made live traps. 1 set B. 9/3 caught 2 live P.gerds,illus; H. & McC left. Sun. Set 57 + 10 spp. 9/4 caught @live, 3 dead P.g. Ham.-O. Dep. - Chiclayo. Rept., camped set 13 live. Ham., lizt + snap. 9/5 No P.g. H.(took live-> Alc). Dep.

Koford Journal 24 August September 1967 Trigo, Dpto. Amazonas, Peru. Drove on a short distance to patch of trees and shrubs on a + papaya (Km. 288) clear stream near a cocoa ranch, at place called Trigo. Fair bird hunting. Set up bat nets. Saw propodolas, green jayas, blue tanagers, big black & white woodpeckers. A local man said deer (Hippocamelus) in grassland up a trail to 5,- he had an antler. Some coffee plantings in tributary valley. [illegible] came up canyon from main 6500 ft. river. This is cut over rain cloud forest zone. To Pamacobas August 25 September 1967. Drove up canyon. River rushing white in the rocky gorge. We saw one [illegible] perched on rock in rushing stream. From camp, 11 km. to a bridge, and a few km. to control station at Ayguas. Then same store where road turned E. toward Pamacobas. Road ascended through increasing patches of cloud forest. About 33 km. from the store reached town and lake of Pamacobas, about 6500 ft. elev. Little development of roads or docks on lake, which was perhaps 2 miles across & fringed with tule. A clean lake, bordered with rolling hills bearing farms and patches of forest. We stopped at town and drove on, on good road, about 6000 ft. for several miles to flat where there had been a seculill, as evidenced by pile lumber scraps, concrete foundation. This was area of active logging, so patches of logged land and many wide bulldozed jungle trails. Wet cloud forest. We set up bird & bat nets, hunted birds. 26-28 August 1967. Collected birds, bats, Set few traps. On forest trails heard tinamous, chachalacas. Saw no monkeys or deer other mammals (drive net-bat cage), the hamilton shot a coati

Aug. 26, evening Discarded bats. Desmodus ♀ 36 gms., ut. mm. ♂ 32 gms, t.4 ♂ 32 gms., t.5 Phyllostamids - 1♀ each of 2 spp. Aug. 29 eve - discarded bats: Desmodus ♂ 37 gms, t.6 ♀ 52 gms; 1 emb. 42 mm C-R Artibeus (like 3236) ♂ 34 gms, t.6 Carollia ? (tail ½ length membrane) ♂ t.5, 15 gms. El Aranal - 8 km. downstream from steel bridge on Huancabamba R. El Tambo Km 78 on Olmos road. Huacapampa 10 Km. toward Olmos from El Tambo.

Journal 24 Dato. Amazonas, Peru 26-28 August 1967 5 Km N 5 Km E of Panacochas, and saw squirrel (?) on ground. Early morning heard Nyctibiu (?) calling 'stringy wooceoo', about 1 octave range in 2-3 sec. Also heard owls, but at night found only caprimulgids, & these on open ground. Saw occasional green toucan (Hamilton collection). I drove 10 +/- km. E., past small squirrel, until I saw open valley beyond (no fruit) with roadvaler settlement. Little agricultural use of this area; few local crops. We collected 3 specimens of a refours crested eatinga (amphin?), which perched in open near treetops in opened forest. Heard checkleess in humid forest. Locals said "paso de matil" present. Woodcups ran. 29 August 1967. We drove up to foot of Lake Panacochas, about 15 km. by road and 600' above level of our camp. Photosd lake. Not few waterbirds seen. Rock walled pasture and forest patches in surrounding hills. Town quiet, undeveloped, rather primitive. Drove back toward Bagua. From Panacochas about 35 km. to bridge over Utcubamba (Agrio?), and 100 km. to Bagua Grande. Crossed Rio Maranon, then drew up about 35 km. up Rio Chavaya to Rio Chemchuca, (Pte.Chunchuca to Chuntali) clear tributary with new road alongside. Drove up (2) this a few km., camped in dry-looking broadleaf forest, and set out bat net-traps Artillery, under oak-like canopy. (Downing) (16 km. from camp) 30 August 1967. Some rain night. Drove back thru Picara (24 Km. fr. Picara) (27Km. from Pecara) and El Chavala to El Tambo; then to our former camp at Hualapampa, 4000 ft. Set up bat nets and made good catch of at least 4 species. I set 17 trap traps near mosquito tree and roler on dry slope.

Koford 1967 25 Journal 31 August 1967 Lambayeque, To nr Motepe, Dept. Peri Caught 10+ lute during night in 2 nets, & released several Demolus. But up all lute (all of us), under date 30 Aug. Took 1 flyflet in 17 trap traps set on N. side work, near the wasp cliffs. (Mr. Collum in oth. trap line, took 0). Pleasant weather. Departed 09:30 and drove up to Paredilla (low here!) Pass, 2144m; the continental divide. Here a patch of altiplano grass on E side to Nofrod,

Koford 1967 26 Journal 1 September 1967 Nr. Morrupo, Dots. kumlay, qusqow. also sand hills to 20' high, with brush & many tracks of big ants, foxes, & mice. Mockingbirds, doves, quail, deer, geotitan common. As night breeze saw a bear (windy part midnight). 2 September 1967. Made live traps (about 25) and looked for mouse sign. Set live traps for Bandanus gerbillum. I set 8 near camps, live brush mostly along brush fence of cypress and dead mariguate brush, where loose sand accumulated. /I drove to Morrupo, a poor adobe town, for dinner and met 12-yr. old boy who showed me 3 cat snakes in a bottle (said John locally). He said there were camels in trees too, & showed me a dark room in adobe house when the sun was 10- o'clock. I collected 2 ad.+ 2 mm., Carolis (?) in same room as (Desmodium). Then being from bamboo & beam ceiling in 12' x 12' adobe room w. my live no windows. I checked traps in evening but no catch by 8:30 p.m. Sunday. 3 September 1967. My 8 live traps held 2 live P. gerbillum. One (smaller) became torpid in car-top, but revived when warmed. Both now took milk readily from dropper, lapping fast w. pause holding tips. These turned over to McCallum for transport to Berkeley. Me C. and Hamilton took 0 in their 11+ live traps each, but H. took 3 P. gerbillum in snap-traps (2 in same trap, checked last eve). Put up mice and rats. Honey and McCallum departed by colectivo for Chiclayo to take bus to Lerma and return to Colfo. /I set 5 live traps near camps + 10 snap traps, all along old brush fence in sandy ground. Hamilton tended 20+ set in sand hills (probably most natural site), where fair number mouse (+ foot-tracks). Mouse tracks across sand spaces & out from brush atop hills at (+ 10 snaps) least 40 ft. Checked my 5 at 10:30 p.m. + had 2 P.g. in snares. Temp. range 62-69 F. at Windy, overcast night, but no rain. 7 1/2 ft. in negative for 2 days.

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Koford 1967 27 Journal Peru: 4 September 1967 5. of Chiclayo, Dto. Lambayeque, None taken in live traps, (save 1 killed in H.-trap). One in my snares, at same site as 10:30 p.m. Photod some catch sites. Took up all traps + prepared to leave. About 1300, Hamilton and I departed for Chiclayo. There on about 13 km., due to start of Pto. Etna road, where some sand hummocks with copal bushes + rare zapote. Much lizard + some mouse traps. We camped + set about 25 live traps, hoping to get live P. guillelmi + extend range to 5. Checked traps 9 p.m. but no catch. Hamilton also set some swap traps. Overcast & windy as usual. 5 September 1967. No catch in live traps save 1 Abada in Hamilton's, + one in snap traps. Tracks indicated opossum + Ratter in camp exterior near crops + houses. Wind slight in early morning. Took up traps. Yesterday we saw 10+ red (?) phalaropes in pond away reeks near camp. Two turning clockwise cirker 2' apart. Area to 5. seems to have no shrubs or ten-ated flowering gae. Drove on 5. and near km. 726 saw hummocks w. shrub, suitable for Phyllotis guillelmi. Then at about km. 714, when road starts E. to Heda, Cayalti (and Yana), clumps of eugazed zapote with many birds and lizards track around them. This was about 3 km. N. of Morupe. We continued on to 10 km. 5. + found side road to W. for camping among sand hummocks topped by zapote bushes. Much lizard signs and fox and mouse tracks! We drove back up to Morupe and E. to near Heda. Cayalti a sugar cented. Mesquite tree (+the red-flowered epiphyte trees) + bushes, w. little grazing apparent. Some black streams and ponds, in which we saw 100+ phalaropes, yellow legs, sandpipers, and newly tropical kingbird, mockingbird, vermillion flycatcher, blue taragon, Turmariine, saffron

5 Sept. Coral Sn. - (escaped, but recaptured) 6 Sept. 7 live Mos. (17 traps) 2 dead (10 tr.) Disc. or 11gms. t.4 ? 9 1/2 v. imp. no end. or 11 g., t.6 ? 7 g. imm. ? 8 g. imm. ? others Varanid - like skull. (There but alive until 8/8): Rene - mm. or 8 g., t.4 or 7 g. t.4 or 9 g., t.5 or 12 g, t.7 + 3 dead or escaped Lizards coll. ticks, + shoulder-pocket iguanid. 7 Sept. To Triggly & camped to 5. in Lanes. No traps. wet drizzle. 7 Sept. - To Casana & up to 8500' site. Arr. 1500. Set 38 traps (incl. 12 live) swifts, caprimulgid, teransus. 8 Sept. - Catch: 18 Phyll. d. & m. eve- Pimog. A.d.y. cloth lined rock well partly overy. 1 sht eared Phyl. (=Oryz.?) 1 ak. bal. 2 Marmosa overcast eve. 22 (38 set, 12 live twt +6 trap) Min. 48° 9:30-11:30 p.m. 55 traps - 23 caught incl. 4 Marmosa 6pm shet or Nothera.

Koford 28 Journal Peru. 5 September 1967 Mr. Moccope, Dots. Lanbayaque, fewer, and other birds. We collected a few, 10t snowy (?) egrets in past near Zana (ruins of old brick and adobe church there). Returned to camp area and set 32 live traps and some (4,10) snap traps on hammocks. I caught a small cord snake at foot of sand hill. Windy afternoon and evening, with fog to W. Mud funnel nests in trees in Cayalti area. I checked traps about 10 p.m. and found many Mus, but no other species. 6 September 1967. My catch was 7 live Mus (in 17 traps) and 2 dead (in 10 snap traps). Yet area appeared like Paroloyea habitat, + more with lit-tled scrub grazed. Abundant fruit on zapote, including ground. Some copes bushes. Put up only one Mus; others discarded (7-11gms.). No Mus appear- ently lurking now. I found large variid like lizard shell. Shot a few fast-running lizards - some 200 between clumps bushes. Hard to see when not moving. We also collected a few of lizard with small skin pocket in shoulder and tendency toward fringe on toes + cyclists. I departed early afternoon, drove to Trujillo for supplies, then over four miles + camped in Doto Ancash sandy zone. Foggy + drizzly at night. 1 km. N. 12 km. E. of Pariacoto Zana 7 September 1967. Hamilton and I drove on to Caras, then on up Huaras road 85 km. to approx. 8500 ft., our former camp in area of rock walls and brush. Now drier than before, and few of the red-flamed wine-shrub in bloom, + fewer hummingbirds, but no livers took now. Swifts flying over. Trioman (D. pontensis) present in dry open brush areas. I checked traps + experimented with white from open brush wing bars. We both set traps. I set 38, including 12 of the tin-can live traps, up a broad drawling ladder, at foot old fragments of rock walls with bushes growing on or near them, and across mod. open brush slope (W. aspect about 20%, large gowl + occasional rocks).

Pd + Pm - adj. traps are 8/18 (5yb) - same trap success rate (lush) 9 Sept. a.m. catch 17 (so 37 in 55 traps) saw Patunga g. Took up part - so 30 left. Eve catch - 6 only by 10:30. 1/2 noon; clear 10 Sept. am catch - 14, incl. + 1 Marussa. Min. 50° F. Pariacoto 2 P. magister 1 Oryz. rest P. darwinicum Lv. 3 p.m. - Drove E. temps. 78-81° F Store & gas 6 km. Pueblo & rd. to Pira Camp - Tinco - rocky canyon - 5km. beyond. 12000' Dipper - bl. humming. Ferns, lichens Set 35 traps Min t. 40° F. 11 Sept. catch 10 AK.b. + 16 P.dara. Tinco set 38 - rocks, bushes, to S. of camp, to 500' about. 12 sept. catch: 3 AK.bol., 7 phyl.d., 1 P.mag. T.max. 68° F. Tinco (Indians took 7 traps.) Disc. AK.b. ♀ 19 gm. - vt. intact. ♂ 24 g. - t.6 ♂ 18g., t.9 P.dar. ♂ 30g., t.3 ♀ 19g., ct./min.] highest level ♂ 14g. min. ♀ 19g. min. ⬇ 35 g. t.7 ⬇ 37 g. t.9 ⬇ 26 g. t.3 Saw Mti. Caracara Lv. 3 p.m. - to Callan (12 km. fr Caswa, 1k fr. camp) Camp 1 km. W. of summit - small stream, rocks cinderes |cho-rocks-cocles Pteroglyps set 35tr. - grass-rooks Varoellus stream-hill Froze night.

Koford Journal 8 September 1967 9500 ft. Nr. Paria coto Dpto. Ancash, Peru: yesterday altimeter broke. Calm night last night. Slept out - min. 48°F. My traps held 1 Abrothrix boliviensis, 1 Oryzomys, 2 Marsup., and 18 Phyllotis darwini (?) and magistral (?). We hope to find habitat difference between last two, but no separation dry brush-loving and rock-loving is apparent. The brush is on somewhat rocky ground, not in pure stone, & nearly every trap in brush has mouse across spring. Many had heads eaten in traps, presumably by other mice or Marsupials. Temp. to 80° in day, so worked to save specimens. Checked traps in afternoon and removed furred (spec.) and lizard. Left 4 rebailed traps, and set additional to 55 total. Checked traps 2130-2330 and removed 23 mice. In addition to those put up-these included: P. magistral & minim. 30gms.; Abrothrix boliviensis or t. 8x4 (104-82-21-16, 27gms.), and Oryzomys 1, partly eaten. (Last within a few feet of open flat at top slope.) Also many P. darwin (=andium) minim: 98, ad. 213-102-26-21, 35gms., at scars 3R 24, w. Tunga cyst in tail; 34gms. with uterine luge, 2 1/16, 5 mm. diam.; and minim. 98 16) 27, 14, 23, 22 gms; 0707, ad. t. 6x3, 218-114-25-21, 37gms., and minim. 20, 27 (t. 3) gms. Both kinds of Phyllotis taken in same trap on successive nights, & both in similar habitat 5 yds. apart, so no clear separation between andium and magistral. | In evening I flushed and shot an Nothoprocta on dry brush & grass slope. Oversat evening. 9 September 1967. Nr. Paria coto, Dpto. Ancash, Peru By sunrise lost 14 was in traps, so 37 taken in 55 traps. I took up part of line, leaving 30 out. Saw a Patagona gigas on brush on dry hillside, perhaps attracted by red flowered vine on shrubs. Checked traps evening and hardly & animals. Clear w. half moon.

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Koford 298 Additional notes - Phyllotis andicum and " magister Dpto. Ancash, Peru September 1967. 1 Km. N. 1/2 Km. E. of Paracoto, Discarded the following: 1) P. magister. 07, 20+ grms. (head eaten), testis 3 mm., stomach contents pale olive green. Tail & hindfoot 96-25. Trapped at base of 4' green shrub on dry partly-gravelly slope. 2) P. m. 07, 34+ grms, test. 7, t hf e no chest buffy spot; ?-121-28-22. Under brush on partly rocky W. slope. Gray belly, red-brown perineum. 3) P. m. 07 min.; t hf e long hair, reddish ears. ?-07-25-29, 17+ grms. Taps hindfoot brownish, & soles darker than andicum. Faint chest spot. Taken from rock wall (4' high, 10' long) partly overgrown dry herbs, including red-flowered vine-shrub. P. andicum = 4) 07, t. 3, ?-122-26-29, 27+ grms. slight chest buff spot. Base 6" diam. shot dead tree in thick green brush. 5) 07, t. 8, ?-126-26-19, 30+ grms. Base 8" diam. small dead tree under bushes on partly gravelly slope. 6) F, lactating. Uterine scars 2R2L. 30+ grms. No chest spot. Taken under thick half-dried brushes on dry W. slopes w. small scattered rocks. ?-117-25- ean 21. Reddish perineum hair: 6) F, uterine inactive. ?-92-24-17, 16+ grms. at foot rock wall. (8) 07, min. t.-3., 14 grms. Under 6' red-flow- ered vine brush, near scattered single rocks on slope. (9) F, ut. inactive, 22 grms. Base rock wall on grazed flat near camp - no bushes close. (10) 07, t. 3, 27 grms., same location; 20 7-114-27-21. These last 2 surely rock-wall forms. Genl. Caught both species within 15' at base same rock wall w. (sect. 8) bushes on same night. And both in same trap near top of bushy slope (same rocks) or successive nights (also Drygowsky & Marrowsee here).

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Koford, C. Journal (8500' ft.) Peru 10 September 1967 1 km N. 12 km E Paricoto, Dpto. Ancash, Cool night, to 50°F. Morning catch comprised 14 more animals including 1 Marmosa, 2 P. magister, 1 Oryzomya, + rest Phyllotis andrion. Put up specimens and prepared to depart. Temp. range here has been 48°-81°F. Departed 3 p.m. and drove uphill to E., passing small store 6 km. from camp. Climbed to small town (my ruin, when dirt road took off toward Pira (mines). Camped about 5 km. beyond town, near bromeliad-covered cliffs in shady canyon bottom. Ferns + thick grass + shrubs near stream - thither, many damp sites. Saw dippers in stream. I set 35 traps near the stream and up adjacent bunchgrass slope, none in dry sites. Tinco, 12000 ft., Dpto. Ancash 11 September 1967. Min. temp. 48 F. My traps held 10 Abrothrix boliviensis (?) and 16 Phyllotis andrion (?). Put up mice. Then ascended dry grassy hill, partly cultivated and with occasional rock walls, toward cliffs and talus slide to S. - about 45 min. climb, and 500'+ above camp. Took photos. Set 30 snaptraps near bushes, rock walls, rocks. Tinco, to Callan, Dpto. Ancash 12 September 1967. About 7 of my traps taken by local Indians (10 gone; I got 3 back from them). No mice taken in highest talus slopes (reported to be mirachos there). Traps held 3 Abrothrix boliviensis, 7 Phyllotis andrion (?) and 1 P. magister (by rock wall in grass, w. no shrubs near). Saw mountain scarers. Collected Patagona on high slope (rocks + shrubs), + big flycatcher on rock wall in (CK 3284) grassland. Last night heard many owls (Bubo?) in the

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Koford Journal 12 September 1967. Callan, 13000 ft. Opt. Across rocky canyon. Departed 1500 and drove up to Callan (16 km. from camp, 121 km. from Cosum), where we camped about 1 km. W. of summit near a small slow stream & rock formation. Saw furish coster, john grass. Saw lopewings, cerloto. Frogs in stream. I set 35 traps near john & grass, near stream and up open slopes. No people or livestock seen this high. Cold night - water froze. Checked traps evening & flushed hummingbird from had a few P. pictus by 9 p.m. hole in cliff at night. 13 September 1967. My catch comprised 8. Phyllosticta pictus, 5 smaller Phyllosticta, 1 Alacran, and an Oryzoryza. It was 30 F. in car last night & 3 of 4 Marmosa held in livestock died. (Even on warm nights usually cold and slow moving). Saw lopewings & collected one, over green stream area. We put up specimens, then drove over crest and down toward Huaron. Dry & barren in upper lands, but was cultivation and increasing eucalyptus plant-wigs as descended. Huaron, tile-roofs conspicuous, & snow + ice peaks above. Many Americans there - Peace Corps? - and good "queso mantecoso." Rest supplies & drove 5. through much wilds area near Pista. 22 km by road beyond Huaron. Rain in afternoon. Camped, about 5 km. before reaching Peruay, in area shrubs, grass, and occasional shoulders. I set 10 snap traps near road culvert + bushes 20 km S. Huaron, 10000 ft. in evening, and 12 was near shrubs or stone after rain stopped, about 1 a.m. (14 Sept.) 14 13 September 1967. Total catch was 10 mice, mostly a Phyllosticta (or CBK 324). Drove on this Peruay, where a

13 Sept. catch: 8 Phyl. pict. 5 " (subl. ?) - smaller 1 ak. bol. 1 oryz. ? (iny tail) Phyl. pict. - ut. gamd F 15/3. catalog of 4 ag. cat. F 40 - no amb. or sc. discards of 4 1 t. 10 F 4 3 cb 8mm wide; 2 imp. sites; L+R (1 ca.) of 27 t. 5 of 27 t. 3 F 27 ot. (min.) disc. - AK.b.- F 159-63-21/14, 21 gm. - no amb. or sc. Phyl. subl. ?- disc, of 25 - catalog of 17g - t. 6 F 14 g - (min.) of 15 t. 4 of 14 t. 3 30° F. in car last nite - 3 Monrosa died, 1 survived. \ of t. 3 17gms. F 19 gms. ? ut. inactive; F 18 gms. 5 imm. ? To Hearos + 22 Km. S. - camp - ravi. set 10 eve, 12 1-2 a.m. [catch 10 ] coI.: Bds. Philoscylus Vanellus N° Nothoprocta seen.

Koford 32 Journal Dpt. Ancash, Peru 14 September 1967. Rio Santa, 45 km S. Huaras, a "fiesta patronal" in progress. Then up Rio Santa, and near Catac, soon after crossing river (going E.) passed through rolling dry grew 2 flechas. lunchgrass lands w. occasional rock walls. A herder said perdiceros (tinamours) present on slopes, + that many trout of small size in rivers (looker like area of Crucero in Dept. Peru). Camped by rock walls and lunchgrass; in area local Indian called "Rochacoca". Drew a few km. toward peaks to E. 120x250 and 120x400 meters in size. and came to 2 lakes, about 200 and 600 yds. long. On smaller were teal, coots, and crested ducks. Teal with 5+ juvs. (coll. 07 and juv.). Also some shore birds. Lake also called "Tapara" or similar name. Located in rolling grasslands w. rare pastoral habitations. Also Andean gullle (old nest on rocks in lake), grebes, and ibis. Rochacoca is near km 394 (fr. Lima), about 25 km. from Recuay by road. I set 25 traps by rock walls in side. Local man said tinamours present, but we saw none. Upper Rio Santa, 11000', Dpt. Ancash 15 September 1967. My traps held 10 Nesperanys (?), one Alaska lishinoma (discarded), and a smaller mouse (catolog). I hunted ichne and shot a Nathopostia (apparently N. oroto bruehli, known only to Junein). Local man said vicuñer in Cordillera Blanca to E., + that road headed that way from me. a bridge a few km. to N. of our camps. We drew on up Rio Santa thru sparsely inhabited grasslands, + saw rolling occasional large white goose (Chloephaga). Reached Lake Coro- cocha, 4000 m., 33 km. from last camp, 82 km. from Huaras; again said 31 to Chiquian, 132 to Patavica. (Our camps had been 15 km. N. of a bridge across Rio Santa). The lake

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Koford 33 Journal 12500±ft. 15 September 1967. Lake Conococha, Dpto. Arecocha appeared to be shallow, with many exposed muddy area, but 50+ huallator (geese), and various ducks + shelducks. We saw men fishing in outlet stream with long poles. I set 22 traps by boulders and rock walls up a slope w. bunch- green and some ducks and cushion cactus. Cold night. 16 September 1967. Catch was 11 mice, all some breed of Phyllotis apparently. See no water. Flighted duck flocks in morning. Departed for Pataillas on coast down dry rocky canyon, w. gradually increasing agriculture with de- creeze in elev. Streams + tals in upper rocks. Corn and coas in lower. Small town, Chupiquindo, 72 km. from lake. Continued on S. to dry roadside of Laguna de Lachay, in heavy evening fog. Save to camp as July 1. 17 September 1967. Effused slopes to W., walking to summit shot when fog swept over crest. Seven falls on upper slopes + extending down 500+ ft. Apparent viscacha droppings on many rocks, and prominent dusting bowls on one slope. Earth dug out 1/2 ft., dusty; and viscacho tracks and 22 trails. Set 20+ swap traps and a few steel traps for viscachar. Hamilton saw 2-3 viscachor at foot of talus slide, well below green belt, and set traps there. Few birds seen, but 2 adult Vultur shunted ciffs as if nesting in area. Hard and cold at night. Althenevery only 10-11 a.m., 3-4 p.m. 18 September 1967. My 22 swap traps held 4 mice, Phyllotis lawnini. Caught no viscachor. Foggy again. Took up traps and drove around to Bosque de Lachay. From below first gate now green aspect, and at lodquarter falls were (deep Green

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Koford Journal 18 September 1967. TO Lima, Peru. Barbetia singing in eucalyptus area. Very much greener now here than in early July. Doves and Pyrocephalus common. Below station above highway, saw Thriceros in flight displays and on ground, and collected one. Occasional flight sheathbird overhead. Desiltes common (ROH catalog). We left in afternoon and drove to Lima. (Rear wheel gears noisy and needing repairs.) Stayed again at Casa Humboldt. Lima; to San Francisco, Calif. 19-25 September 1967. Labeled and packed specimens. Visited Museo "Javier Prado," where Koepeke's worked. Car repair delayed for lock replacement parts. Left equipment in garage of Jorge Milling, and arranged for him to get car and store it in parking yard on Av. Schell near Av. de la Republica, Miraflores. Departed from airport midnight of 25 Sept. on Braniff airlines for SFO via Miami. On this route we could take 30 kilos each, so specimens accompanied us. Two Parulmys taken by McCollum and large live lizards by Huey had arrived previously in California. For all 4600 of us, nearly 1000 specimens, of which about 600 birds and mammals. My own catalog numbers ran from 3037 to 3318 for the trip. Huey took the herpetological specimens to Univ. Texas, Austin, where he will work on identifications. See specimen catalog for additional notes on habitat of specimens and size and sex conditions of birds. End of Peru trip, summer 1967 -

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C. B. Koford 1968 Catalogue [ # 3320 - 3810 Not used ] # 3811 - 3881 Sierra del Nido Mexico

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C.B. Koford Specimen Catalog Mexico 1968 19 July Arroyo de las Animas, Sierra del Nido, 20 mi. NE Santa Clara, Chih., Mex. 8000' Skull only 3811 sex? Canis lupus Pickup; trapped June. 25 July Arroyo del Mesteño, Sierra de Nido, 16 mi. NE Santa Clara, Chih., Mex. 7000' Skull only 3812 sex? Canis latrans Pickup; died July. In formal 3813 ?? Tadarida brasiliensis Mist netted nr. cabin. 27 July "" , "" , 14 mi. NE Santa Clara, "" , "" . 6500' Formal 3814 Crotalus l. (green w. black bands) Found 'from stream in grass-oaks area. 28 July [Rancho Parapetos], 6 mi. ENE Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mex. 6200' Head only 3815 sex? Alicaetus leucocephalus Dead on face; died spring. Chih., Mex. 6000' 10 August Pajarito Canyon, Sierra del Nido, Rancho Providencia, 25 mi. SW Gallego, F 3816 Crotalus In grass near bushes, 10 mi. from stream. Chih., Mex. 6000' 15 August Canyon las Varas, Sierra del Nido, Rancho Providencia, 26 mi. SW Gallego, F 3817 Geranotus Kingi - near stream F 3818 Thamnophis - near stream 16 August Canyon de la Madera, Sierra del Nido, R. Providencia, 25 mi. SW Gallego, Chih., Mex. 7000' 3819 ♀ Pipistrellus 83-40-7-12 { Mist netted over 3820 ♀ Myotis 96-45-8-12 { water trough in evening. - 4 Nov. [Rancho Parapetos], 6 mi. ENE Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mex., 6200' Skull only - pickup 3000 3821 ? Ardea herodis Skull taken from complete dead bird in bottom grassy draw. - 14 Aug. 30 mi. SW Gallego, Chihuahua, Mexico, Antler only 3091 3822 ?? Odocoileus virginianum

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CBKoford x = Checked Jan '69 M= to Mexican Mtns. 1 Specimen Catalog 1968 13 Oct. 5 mi. N. Cerro Campana, Santa Clara Canyon, Chihuahua, Mexico. 5300' hampropeltis Mt. Kingsnake Lygiz ½ in clump rege by stream. 3821 14 Oct. 6 mi. NNW Cerro Campana [Santa Clara Canyon] Chihuahua, Mexico. 5500' 3822 Diadophis On road near stream 16 Oct. [Lloron] 12 mi. [20 Km] NE Santa Clara, Arroyo del Alamo, Chihuahua, Mexico. 7300' 3823 Sceloporus x 14 Oct. 25 mi. SW Gallego, [Canyon del Nido], Chihuahua, Mexico. 6000' x 3824 4 5emb, 3R24, C-R 22. Peromyscus 198-103-19-19, 36 grms. (died in vitro) Bare burkin upon oke canyon bottom; road dry, some baullas [Los Varas Canón] 250dt. x 3825 ♀ ad., t.-1 Perus wellwberi 19 grms.; no fat. Small vole in dry canyon bottom; chickadees juining me. [Los Varas Canón] x 3826 ♀ juv., t. 1X3. Accipiter striatus 94 grms, d. fat. 3827 Black lizard, blue belly. Sceloporus hampropeltis 3828 Mt. Kingsnake Lygiz right to thick clump grown by road. [Huvero C.] 24 Oct. x 3829 ♀ juv. Sphyrapicus varius 2706t. 25 mi. NE Santa Clara, [Head Mestaño Canón], Chihuahua, Mexico. 8000' M 3830 ? Sphyrapicus varius 3831 ♀ juv.; sk. ½ clear Certhiis 8 grms, s/. fat. 3832 Gerrhaofus in grass nr. summit peak. 20 Oct. 3832 ♀ ad.; ut. sc. 3R 21. Peromyscus 186-92-21-21, 29 grms. 29 Oct. 20 mi. S Gallego, Chihuahua, Mexico. 5000' M Mx 3833 4 ad.; a.n.e. Lanius In mesquite shrub on desert flat, 20 mi. SSW Gallego, Chihuahua, Mexico. 5000' (photo 1/3) 3834 Thamnophis In grass edge road in plain; dry area. 31 Oct. 22 mi. NNW Santa Clara [Arroyo del Alamo] Chihuahua, Mexico. 7500' M x 3835 ♀ juv.; sk. ½ cl. Cardellina rubrifrons Cahr in canyon bottom. ↑ 3836 Lizard 1 Nov. (skull ⅓ clear) M x 3837 ♀ juv. Catherpes mexicanus 13 grms.; s/. fat. Baullas; Andes Canyon

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Specimen Catalog 1968 1 Nov. [Arroyo del Alamo] 20 mi. NE Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico. 7500' 3838 ♀ t.12x7 Peromyscus 178-95-20-17. Congen. Botherm. 3839 ♀ lact.; 2 R2h ut.sc. " 178-91-20-17 " " 3 Nov. 3840 ♂ juv.; st. <1/2 cl. Sitta carolinensis 20 gms, sl fat. 5 Nov. 3841 ♀ lact.; 4 ut.sc. Peromyscus 184-90-23-29 23gms. 7 Nov 18 mi. NE Santa Clara [Cañon de l'Alamo] - Chihuahua, Mexico. 7000' 3842 ♀ 146b., Peromyscus 157-67(burn)-21-20, 20gms. 3sc.cl 8 Nov. 3843 ♂ juv.; sk 1/2 cl. Chaudeptes? 20 gms, sl fat. 3844 ♀ juv; sk 4/10cl Myodestes 32 gms, sl fat. 3845 ♂ juv.?; t.1 Parus wallweleri 10 gms, sl fat. {mixup w.3831?} 3846 Salvadoru 3846- ♀ juv. Sphyrapicus varius 50gms, sl fat. Chihuahua, Mexico duplica- 10 Nov. 23 mi. NE Santa Clara [Arroyo del AlMesteño] 7500 (conifers) nos. williannson 3847 ♂ t.2 Sphyrapicus varius 47 gms, sl fat. 3848 Gerrhonotus juv. 3849 ♂ t.1 Cyanocitta stelleri macrolepis 106 gms, sl fat. 3850 juv. Pipilo erythro 43 gms, mod. fat. 11 Nov. lact.. 3851 ♀ ut.sc. 3L2R. Peromyscus 183-94-23 21, 29gms (Rocker & macrolepis behind cabin.) Dissoc'd?, 22grms, lost, 3-9 mm empty budger R ut. hemiprose h. and ♂ 19gms, t.6x13. 3 (R); 12 Lj 1-R. 3852 ♂ t. ♀ Cyanocitta stelleri m. 108 gms, sl fat. juv. 3853 ♂ t.1 Pipilo fuscus 48 gms, sl fat. sk.V3cl. M x 3854 ♂ juv. Spizello 12 gms, sl fat. 12 Nov. x 3855 ♂ t.1 Parus w. 11 gms, sl fat. M x 3856 ♂ t.1 Sitta c. 19 gms, sl fat. x 3857 ♀ o.n.e. Sittg e. 17 gms, sl fat x 3858 ♂ juv. Sphyrapicus varius + 47 gms, no fat. x 3859 ♂ juv. Cyrtonyx 184 gms, sl fat M x 3860 ♀ juv. Parus sclateri 10 gms, sl fat.

Mileages - up Arroyo del Alamo Mesterio Rdgtrs. 0 Rd. about 030° Dam + 200m. pond 0 + 1.6 mi. Rd. about 050° to 0 + 2.4 mi. Petrochem W. 2.5 Rd. goer 110° to 2.9 Then 140° to 3.5 Then 070° + 060° to 4.9 water tank Llam - cyl. tank, brought. 5.0 Then about 340° And more to E. starting 5.6 Damned about 6.7

c Koford 3 Specimen Catalog 1968 12 Nov. 23 mi. NE Santa Clara, Arroyo Mesteño, Chihuahua, Mexico. 7500' A X 3861 ? juv. Spizella sl. fat 13 nov. 8 mi.N. Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico. 6500' X 3862 ? t.2 Otocoris 27 gms., sl. fat X 3863 ♀ one. Sardpipin 38 gms., much fat. Edge Santa Clara river where flowering. Open, rocky. 11 Nov. M X 3864 ? t.2 Euphagus cyano. 73 gms.; sl. fat. Flies up to 300' in settlements and near ranch houses. 40 mi. S. Gallego, Chihuahua, Mexico. 5000' (mesquite desert) ad/1936. some M X 3865 ? ov.<1mm Campyiorhynchus 38 gms., little fat. t.2<t4mm X 3866 ? introl Neotoma 2-52-105-33-26,-96 gms. 3867 16 Nov. 65 mi. WNW Chihuahua [los Tunas ranch, of an Gilberto Mozquiz] 65 mi.WNW Cerro Benoz', Chihuahua, Mexico .7000' skull only X 3868? ? Urocym 2-52-105-33-26,96 gms. 20 Nov. 35 mi. ESE Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico. 7000' [R. Campeon] M X 3868 ♀ one. Bendaropos 51 gms., sl. fat. M X 3869 ? juv. Cyanotla stelleri macrolopha 93 gms., no fat. M X 3870 ? juv. Pirile crythro 42 gms., little fat X 3871 ? ? ad. Parus solatcri 10 gms., some fat 22 Nov. 20 40 mi. S Gallego, Chihuahua Mexico. 5000' ad. (mesquite desert) X 3872 ♀ lgst.ov.<1mm Sparrow 35 gms., sl. fat X 3873 ♀ one. Lanius 51 gms., some fat 20 40 mi. SW Gallego Chihuahua Mexico, 5000' [Cayon Rancho El Nido] X 3874 ? ad,t.7mm Calcarius 22 gms., sl. fat M X 3875 ♂ Toxostone 87 gms., sl. fat. Cactus bunches among oak and grass. 23 Nov. M+ 3876 ♀ one. Parus wolfftheri 10 gms., sl. fat

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C. Koford Specimen Catalog 1968 24 Nov. 20 mi. WSW Gallego, Chihuahua Mexico. 5000'. [Rincon del Alamo] senar plug. x 3877 076.12 Dipodomys x 250-146-37-13, +550 gms. Dissected 07, 39 gms., taster 7 x 3 mm, florid. / 77 x 3878 ? juv. Pyrrhuloxia sinuata 36 gms.; st. fat x 3879 07 t. 7mm. Asio otus 240 gms., little fat Oak savannah, rather open stand; gentle slopes. Daytime. Ends. 9 Nov. 8 mi. N. 6 mi. E Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico. 6500' skull only 3880 ? Anaea ferox (bottom lower Mesterio canyon) (from complete carcass) 14 Aug. 30 25 mi. SW Gallego [Canion del Nido], Chihuahua, Mexico. 8000' autumnally-brown carcas. 3881 ? Odontolces virginiana (Dead about 1 week.) Part carcass, chaparral & pine slope, dead 1 wk. +

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S.G. Herman 1968 UCD S.H. Specimen Catalog (Steve Herman + Jim Ellis) (Specimens at U.C. Davis, dept. Zoo.) 13 October Santa Clara Canyon, 5 miles W of La Paneta, Chihuahua, Mexico 5400' near stream. 191 Thamnophis cyrtopsis coll. (J.E. Ellis) Santa Clara Canyon, 6 miles W of La Paneta, (= Km. 92, Panoam Hwy.) Chihuahua, Mexico 5600' disarded 192 Rana /193 Bufo (2) these were thrown away because they were destroyed by the preservatives. [= Loran?] 15 October Arroyo del Alamo, 5 miles N Mesteño Ranch Head quarters, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico 7300' 194 f Junco caniceps coll. (C.B. Koford) 16 October Arroyo del Alamo, 6 miles N Mesteño Ranch Head- quarters, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico 7500' 195 spotted towhee. Pipilo crythrophthalmos Arroyo del Alamo, 7 miles N Mesterio Ranch Head quarters, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico 7400' 196 f Stellar jay Cyanocitta stelleri macroglypha Arroyo del Alamo, 5 miles N Wuesteno Ranch Head quarters, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico 7300' 197 Sceloporus? coll. (J.E. Ellis) Arroyo del Alamo, 6 miles N Mesterio Ranch Head quarters, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico 7500' 198 Junco phaenotus coll. (J.E. Ellis) 17 October Arroyo del Alamo, 5 miles N Mesterio Ranch Head quarters, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico 7300' 199 Sceloporus Plateau above Arroyo del Alamo, 9 miles NNW Westeno Ranch HQ, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua,

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S.G. Heman 1968 2 Catalog 17 October continues: 200 Mexico Nucifraga columbiana Clark's nutcracker very fat (J.E. Ellis) Feeding w. group in pines on ridge. 201 Sceloporus [= Arroyo Mesteno] Mesteno Canyon, 12 miles ENE Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico 7300' 202 Cyrtonyx montazumae mearnsi Montezuma quail (J.E. Ellis) Mesteno Canyon, 13 miles ENE Santa Clara, Chihuahua Mexico 7300' 203 Sceloporus [= Arroyo Mresteno] 18 October Mesteno Canyon, 12 miles ENE Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico 7300' 204 Carpodacus mexicanus 205 Masticophis Salvador grahamiae (J.E. Ellis) coll. 206 Sceloporus (J.E. Ellis) 207 Hylocichla g. guttato Hermits thrush 7300' in Madonna eat's berries [= Lloron] 19 October Arroyo del Glamo, 8 miles N Mesteno Ranch Head quarters, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico 7600' 208 Parus sclateri eidos Mesteno Ranch, 12 miles NE Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico 7300' (Lloron) 209 Rana (J.E. Ellis) Arroyo del Glamo, 5 miles N Mesteno Ranch Head quarters Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico 7400' 210 sitta carolinensis umbrose coll. White breasted nuthatch (C.B. Koford) 20 October As 2 above (Lloron) 211 Aphelocoma ultramarina arizonae juv. Mexican Jay 120gms skull 80% clean, no fat. (C.B. Koford)

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S.G. Herman 1968 Catalog 20 October continued: location as above 212 ♀ juv. sparrow skull ½ clean, slight fat (C.B. Koford) 19 October - Lloron 213 Rana (J.E. Ellis) 20 October - Lloron 214 Sceloporus (J.E. Ellis) 215 ♂ Melanerpes formicivorus f. test. 2mm (C.B. Koford) 21 October 1 mile E of Summit of Santa Clara Canyon, Sierra del Tido, Chihuahua, Mexico [6500' elev.] 216 Sphyrapicus varius nuchalis Yellow-bellied Sapsucker (C.B. Koford) 20 miles S. of Gallego, Chihuahua, Mexico 5000' 217 ♂ Black-throated Sparrow 14gms slight fat test. 1mm skull ½ clean (C.B. Koford) [= Canzon Oscuro] Side canon (S) of Santa Clara Canyon, 5 miles W La Panita, Chihuahua, Mexico 5400' 218 fish from stream (to CAS) 219 fish from stream (to UCDZ) 22 October Cañon de la Madera, 23 miles SW Gallego, Chihuahua Mexico 6000' ? 220 ♂ juv. Certhia familiaris albescens 6gms sl. fat (C.B. Koford) 221 ♂ Aphelocoma coerulescens grisea 88gms, sl. fat; testes 2mm; skull ½ clean (C.B. Koford) Providencia Ranch, 18 miles SW Gallego, Chihuahua, Mexico 222 ♀ Scaled quail Callipepla squamata juv., 76gms. 223 ♀ " 224 ♂ " l. testes 3mm END

C. B. Koford 1968 Journal sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mex. July-August

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Koford, Carl B 1968 Journal Chihuahua Mexico trip (Grizzly Bear Project for the Conservation Foundation) To Delano, Calif. 8 July 1968 Departed Berkeley about 5 p.m. and drove down San Joaquin Valley to Delano. Self, wife Sue, + son (12 yrs) Chili, in our 1966 Chevrolet pickup with canopy. To Palm Desert 9 July 1968. Drove over Tehachapi Pass to Mojave, San Bernardino, and Palm Springs. Then met Lloyd Tavis, who took us to Deep Canyon research area, a rocky canyon at foot Santa Bosa Mts. Stayed sunight. Over 100°F today. To central Arizona 10 July. Drove on to Blythe, then to Phoenix and east to a few miles past Superior, when we camped at Ode Flat in Tonto N.F. Mesquite, small oaks, red rocks. Over 100°F today. To Las Cruces, New Mexico. 11 July 1968 Drove on through Adobe to New Mexico and Las (2015 Huntington) Cruces. At last, stayed with the Dos. To Thelma's mean the State University. Las Cruces, N.M. 12 July 1968. Friday. Met Sandy Deich-Bodkin, Dept. chairman, and Jimi Benjamin, entomologist, at Life Science. (Ralph Batt due back soon). Then to Juarez for tourist cards, insurance, * try at gun permit. Visited Juarez briefly. Returned to Las Cruces. Drove at La Posta, Mesilla, with Thelma's. 13 July 1968. Shopping in Las Cruces, further talk at NMSU, then departed for visit to White Sands N.M. and on to Cloudcroft, elev. 8700', for final camping check and to await Monday. Campgrounds w. aspen, white pine, douglas fir, small oaks - juniper (chestnut + Red squirrels) both), Stella gage, ravens, flickers. Overnight; not too crowded. 14 July 1968. Equipment repair + checkout at Cloudcroft. This is area where Wm. Bremer and I camped and collected for a few days in summer of 1950, new route to Chaperon w.F. Pitelka. 15 July 1968. Early, returned to Las Cruces, received mail, shopped! Then to El Paso and entered Mexico about 2 p.m. Single glasses in

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C. Koford 2 Journal 15 July 1968 To La Parrita, Chihuahua, Mexico year end was only inspection. Various modern shopping facilities at Prof. "Drove 5 on good highway; customs stop at 20 km & Turici (nr Samalayuca) later. One area of pure sand dunes, in which saw trocha Dipodonyx, km.92 digars, snake, mouse. On to La Parrita, bar restaurant at km. 1753, and 2.5 mi toward Santa Clara to cattle guard, where camped. Other nr. 2 cm. acanas (cactus), cenguen). Blue (nightshade?) flower w. yellow stamens, yellow composit; prickly pear, various shrubs, juniper, querce midgets. Cactuses were had 2 dry grass nest in tree (11), and gotbed grass; many lizards. White large eggshell lilac. Firefly see; thunder storm. 16 July 1968 Drove toward Chihuahua. Rancho El 45 (American, Mrs Harrison), nr. km. 1743. Avocanon bunch km. 1735. Pepper tree, mosquito, cactus, oaks near road Block & turkey vultures. / To office of Delegado Forestal y de la Fauna, 610 72 (calle Albans - Necchi store), and met Miguel Salgado Gomez (lover), Jose Damian Garcia, & Cesar Isid More (reforestation fire). Salgados had been asked by Hernandez Corzo to take care [actually had none available] of me - they offered helicopter, pickup, & got permission to camp on Jara ranch (Urbano Jara of Chihuahua; Rancho El Mestizo), Later met Gilberto [plywood co. head] Gonzalez Nuezquez, who gave us use of his house or granja at edge of town. Stayed three - hours, swimming pool, garden. Earlier, in office, talked with Hernandez Corzo in Mexico City by phone; he offered cooperation & wanted outline of program. Flavio (soils & water) 17 July 1968. Damian & friend arrived 10:15 in govt. pickup. We went to Parrito and at 13:15 started for El Mestizo. Road rocky, narrow, winding Gilda (=Primavera) was stream bed, often in 1 ft or + water. 10 miles to Las Varas (a store & a few houses). Tops canyon 18.4 mi. from La Parrita, 1hr. 45 min. drive, at 6500 ft. In canyon saw bank tail fin swimming dove, skrike, Oriole, fliebers, & others. Agave common. About 6 miles of settled small solar

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Koford 3 Journal 17 July 1968 Rancho To del Mestero, S. del Bldo, Chih., Mex. these cultivated fields of Menomote on large flat plateau. Saw sparrow hawk. After about 1 mi. on plain, turned R. 90 deg. saw rosen. Black Angus cattle. After 6.2 mi., 90 deg L - there was cultivated fields. (Rancho also after Mester-Lark 1.8 mi.). After 5 miles, cattle guard, right 45 deg and on 2.6 mi. To a corral, (Gorral de los Banos) went thru cattle guard, to bottom canyon, + toward Nts. about 5 mi., (after river cross) entered valley. Great blue heron flying. Pines 30' tall - long needle, yellow Types. After 4 mi. thru cattle guard, took L of Y (to new ranch R. goes Mestero River and to old MVZ camp area, but road bad). About 2 1/2 mile to ranch - corral, said some: stalls, 2 barns; in canyon of ochre rocks (7200).(A Mestero is an unmarked beef.) Administrator in Juan Baeza, a lean friendly cowboy. Lake 50 m. diam. (muddy), w. milled bucks (Tama). Kingbird apparently w. nest + feeding young. After some waiting around, Baeza accompanied me about 5 miles up road to water tank at Lloron, 7700', in bottom of rocky oak - lived canyon. This was about 5.6 mi. from La Parita. Camped. (Strix occidentalis) After dark walked up canyon; heard owls + called - 2 came; med. large, gray face, no horns, pale centers breast (no conspic. spots). Called a long rising whistle, sometimes muted, followed by series 6 to 8 bars w. rising pitch and intensity, rather muffled and angry, sharp. Perked within 10 yds of me; once together on same branch. Later heard Arroyo del Alamo, Caprimulgus + pos well. Descent moon; else evening. Lloron 7500' 18 July 1968. Turkeys (Cocors) called 6 a.m.; + Caprimulgids; 0730 left camp and walked up slope to NE. Flushed quail in poor + rocha mix junipers. called """" (which?) or flew. Saw ralis, long tail. Went 060 deg along ridge top. Pines - 3 min limbs; are w. 3 shot needle. Oven- large armed small conic w. + bbs nuts, about 2' tall, only 07 cones on one. Junces - red iris, white outer tail feathers, chestnut back; pale gray breast (are stroked over arm?). Melkathini yellow pair.

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Koford, C13 Journal 18 July 1968. Taruga (red & brown). At least two flycatcher, gray, slight crest. Spotted towhee. 0835, sharp "whoop" as 2 whitetails jumped and ran (grassy oak-pine zone). Fleishen . Agave E.W. [I=hd. Arroyo del Alamo] Ojo de Bluejnr. / 0900, to N. war canyon, & side canyon going N. 6C. [600' high; prob. 8000'] up it Los Venados), w. old logging road. My ridge @ 700' / Saw Citellus (like variegatus mexican trechiyi) on lava boulders in grass, oak-pine-juniper area. Acorn jays, Steller's jays . Another pine, 3 needles, w. soft lower, perennial cone (3") 1 1/2" long; old & 1st yr cones on tree, & staminate cones. Dark rough bark. Acorn woodpecker. Still @ 700' / 2 whitetails flushed / 0930, from ridge, opposite summit of S. del Nido @ 45°, 5 mi. Continued an 060° to rocky point, low pass, up mangarita slope. Saw: Drylas fiji; est. D. = borealis jamaiensis walked on to NE. Saw swift, Pettus (black throat; creme back-chest, light w. tips below wing). Large iguanid (Helocnemis regina-like; black band throat; banded tail). 1010, my ridge going 110°; summit 050° about 4 mi. / 1015, a 25' pine w. seal chamber broke gone to bare wood, especially = lightning strike large area on top, & at intervals 2-6, or if by climbing animal. No teeth a claw maker. But gopher (?) burrowed near close dug up for (no) "yea" / 4', + 2' down. dead branch broken off. Possibly lightning, as trunk partly split; no other such trees seen. / Largest scum about 8 mm. long. / 1135, still going E., into 40' pine (3 mo needles, stiff, long), saw w. (unamed) green cover. Saw 3 whitetails in groups (grassy, fairly open). / Found Dicro coneptus ? guanco nest on ground; 4 bluish eggs (photo); under grass clumps, 3' from tree trunk. / Digging w. roder to 4" down, or of lodger. altimeter Chipmunk. Raven. Agave in bloom. / 1100, course 330° @ 700'. = Altos Mosteno Blackbird quaked in oak-pine. / Summit 050° few trees Taruga; yellow & red; 2, 8' apart, in oak + pine. Flat area w. open stand pines, w. 30 m. wide pool and earth dam, at 9000' = Mesa [= 8000' - 9500', prob.] altimeter

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Koford 51 Journal R. mesteno, S. del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico 18 July 1968. de las Venados. Saul Steller jaips saw sites. Warden (?) w. streaked breast; tail feathers white center, black distal. Small method, light gray breast, in pine. I climbed near peak and &'dam juniper. 1200, sparrow pina larks on pine; brown w. black spots. I saw 3 white tails: one w. Ld. Anaya del Alamo santher in velvet; I descended W. into Canyon Ojos de los Venados, white while (sugar) pines, Douglas firs, & old searnill roads, 12 45. Low apache tawny large fernin w. black back descending Douglas fir./ a lobed oak (M?) tree; first place view. white (sugar) pine over to 12"; green ovet & aldoner. Cliffs, a surfous canyon view. [prob. L8000'] altim. Bottom canyon 950'; I descended to S. (1900). Two spotted altim. touchers in shot duckets bottom. At 1350 a 3 m. wide goal in creek, 8200' and at 1405 reached main canyon at old mill site. Then down canyon to camps (2:55); saw seil spate w. jailer coyote droppings en route. I Baeza said [Later got skull; muz spec.] a & wolf trapped (?) in next canyon E. not long ago; he gave a skin + head to man in Chihuahua, where it is mounted. Also that 3 years ago food crops good of acorn + peiron, & many lean trocks. Much precip. this year, so effects good food crops for livestock & wildlife. said wolves taken by traps & poison, occasionally. He has never seen a coconesth or racoon. Contrary to Davison, he said devonite rarely hunt. Also that Jea had 2 serious abdominal operations + had not been to ranch for months. I up canyon from camps, 20 more turkey calls in evening (no gobble). (57-6X) Owl hails started nearly at dusk, & Caprimulger calls. No rain today; clear evening. 19 July 1968. Rain & lighting at night. In morning, "tied" house gone - she said

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Journal 19 July 1968 (Thurs) departed on foot at 0700, up canyon (de los Alamos) for 30 min., to south bank up head of A. del Alamo (50 min.). Now apparent wolf trail in sand or way. We ascend ed old logging road for 15 min. to pool, then up steep slope (rocky, brush, cliffs) 0810 0835 to W. to top, & soon came to barbed wire fence. From this, looked N. atop mangan - (9700' indicated elev.) [prob. 8000' or 1455'] its ridge; / Turkey calls prod., P.P. up to 6" umbe in series. At one point sugar pini came in canyon saw many old trees of aguiriel-color cover (arbolito). 0755, foot of turn N. up E. del Alamo. Turkey calls; Steller g Jays; We heard and saw a wolf for 1/2 hr., from ridge (much low manganite). On return of cliff saw 2 chipmunks. Going N. or ridge, entered pines 0935. Also moderate tree w. leaves, 100mm. long. The 3 kinds of pine present white (Sugar p. in canyon only). Brush grass about 400mm. tall, & green (no new ligdon flowers). Jumped 3 whitetails (de probato call caused sternligone to flee). Junipers (redskin, chestnut both) common. Chipmunks on fallen logs. Badgers diggings. Mod. wind (5 lto. est.), cirrus clouds & 4/10 cumu- lus. Much low Centaur (?) especially in cut-over area. (Baeza said cut about 15 yrs. ago). / 1020, flushed one quail at 10 yds.; it hit ground after 10 yd. flight; found no nest. Grass & centaur (?) are [prob 8000'] 1030, atten. 9100', walked 060° Lupine in bloom./1040, hit good trail [descends N. into A. de las Animas] on ridge (rocks piled at side), almost a road. At top cliffs of array to NW (Los Arimas?), heard & saw 7 parrots, in groups; flew close over us noisily, showing yellow bands under wings. (lectorbrow eyes)./Saw lightning-struck pine; 8" branch down; spiral split up trunk, much bark off; / Flushed 3 whitailed deer. / 9/10 cumulus increasing. Went 135° to head of Ojo de los Venados. Saw red & violet-green swallow in pines (house wron) woods, & small brown worm (trematulum?) in barkpile. 1200, at pass al (prob. 8500') less O. delos V., 9300' indicated. Descended slowly. Stems running in parts. 1310, area of water & feed trough, where met Baeza. Here 8400'; large oak,

Koford 7 Journal 19 July 1968 Rancha El Mesteno, S. de l Nido, Chih, Mexico a good campsite. Baiza said a bear once slept in fresh trough line (he has been at ranch 7 yrs). Saw hummingbird w/ green body, red bill w/ black tips (straight & more length), black head & throat / saw Belted Titmouse (bellyyi type) in down trees. 8000'. Nuthatch. Before cattle slope, wide grassy area, scattered oaks. 10335', old log cabin, roof & much wolly gone, and nearby a corral, rock well enclosure, & on ridge 50'above the "caloma" of fear. This house of logs, high ceilings, tile floor, with 70'sq. central room w/ 2 fireplaces, & once had plumbing, but now many windows broken, doors open, & stripped- last used 10 yrs ago, but building still in fine condition and could easily be remodelled as a biological headquarters. This is Arroyo El Mesteno / we departed down canyon (270°) when fair steam & down; soon passed old adobe horse stalls & stacks (old ranch - used when MV2 partici here). We walked down road; canyon turned to S. or slightly SE; we took road near fence to E., and lower Mesteno arrived at cattleguard after 2 hrs. walk from cabin; from there, 2½ mi. to present headquarters. Baiza drove us the 5 mi. to our camp at Llano in A. de los Alamos. | Damian & Flavio had gone up a little alamo's to head of N end, ascended to Mesa de Los Verados, & searched for deer sign. They found apparent droppings at edge manguita patch near water (manguitas and juniper (?) berries). Tracks there were faint, but nearly ground torn up & rocks moved (lodger?). They & 2 cowboys searched various areas on mesa for deer sign. To return, they descended into A. de las Animas, went NW, & picked up a skull of wolf trapped (a few weeks ?) ago. Erik brought in small rattler taken in rocks among manguita. There is also a red-tailed macaw, now w/ some green berries, scattered among oaks. Rain about 4p.m. 20 July 1968 No rain night. Flavio & Damian departed about 10 a.m. for Chihuahua. D. is to have helicopter come p.m. of 22, for flight 23. Erik accompanied this trip; he said boys took long sicker on mesa specimen

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Koford 8. Journal 20 July 1968. Rancho Mesoteño, S. del Nido, Chih., Mexico (old midjite; 1150) We departed on foot 11 a.m., up Q. de los Alamos, part turn to N., & on to C. Ojos-Ojito. 5/10 camulus. Saw goldfinch; 6+ gray bustitis w. black marks feeding branches oak trees. Above camp canyon goes 010°; grad- saw red-faced warblers (Cardellina) 2 wally turns E. to about 100°. Saw [illegible](?), red lower & throat, large white rump patch, blue(?) below eyes V, black head, white crown, large white wing bar, white outer tail feather. (In solar canyon bottom). /Creep on pine trunks. Another[warbler?]-black head & rope, red breast, large white wing bar a spot, tail tip white. / The canyon closed with dark damp area near stream, going up Ojito, at first 040°, later to N. Lower part closed & dark; mossy rocks, stream - attractive area. A del Alamo 1 km | 1 km 650' Ojos Ojitos? [9300'] Head of canyon about 9900', in pines edge Mesa d. l. Varados, close to the little dam and 50 m., livestock pool, / Found an old turkey caecum. Near reservoir saw limit, red tail. high mesa w. cliffs to S. [z Altos Mesoteño] 12 summit to NE M.d.l.Vs C.O.d.I.Vendas 3460 another canyon ridge of summit Ojos Ojito Gouldal (? - black b.d.w. white line about turkey?), yellow breast. Nuthatch, Chickadees, Acorn woodpecker. Martins - one black w. 3 apparent flying young on dead pine; 1-2 old ??7 with 2 young (?) in another dead pine, ad. fluttering at mouth of hole. Much twittering among all. / We walked N. to edge cliffs (near a brushy shrub) and looked down into A. de los Alamos; deep, with pines bottom and NW-facing rocks. Pines about 060°. A dry range until about 50 miles to NW. 7/10 overcast. / Then we went SW to top of Q. d. l. Alamos and (1530) started down into logged canyon w. much shot brush

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Ranford 9 Journal Rancho Mesteño S. del Nido, Chih., Mexico M.d.I. Venados 20 July 1968. at head (Quercus, Carothus (?) Freshly eaten cones of Pine (yellow-bog medley and sugar-green cones) Delaw trees (Deinere). (spruce or branches) Carother (?) w. white flowers & some 0 fruit; flowers have sweet "bee" smell. Tiny cones (3 mm. long) on same low tree (live leaf). Paintbrush (red), fern-leather flower (= red fernsman?) in bloom. Near mouth canyon saw Ranga rubra or ? heard turkey wha-wha calls. I walked up rocks to camp, arriving about 5 p.m. Only light rain in early afternoon; clear & calm in evening. No camp visitor (sh!). No bear sign seen, but smelled skunks, & saw various fresh droppings coyote (?) in canyon bottom. / The 45 cm. rattlesnake taken 19th had 5 young inside, to 15 cm. long (saw some in forearm). To Mesteño cabin 21 July 1968, Sunday. Drove from Llamas camp (Dr. 0430) past the Rosa Colorado (2 ½ mi.),izard (3.3 mi.) to ranch Hely tree (7.9 mi.), where told w. Baeza. Drove back to Colliquad (2.3 mi.) & then NE on Mesteño road. Parked jeep on road pons, & walked 2 hrs. to Zea cabin in a. Mester. ½ mi. Rain. Walked up river & rocks; fairly closest rocky canyon w. object Hirundo feries. / In cabin, a mud nest of barn swallow w. 3 young; adults fled it, about 10 yds. into room from door, window. In attic, 2 bats flying [house] & a nest had 3 well-fledged wrens (reddish brown, dark crown), which probably could fly. / At night heard spotted (?) owl & barba from canyon, ' ' Strix Arroyo Mesteño 22 July 1968. Allen, Autanico, near colon; long divide, occasional pines, many juniper (chartu. lochs). Walked up canyon about 350° much nearly flat w. scattered oaks. Flushed 2 quail (never more than 2; nesting?) from grass. 0930, 2/10 cumulus clouds; at mouth canyon branch heading 0 70° (site of old MVZ camp ?). Went up canyon; much logged & now covered with 1-2' high scrub oaks (5 mm. sismo) and other shrubs. Met one

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Koford 10 Journal 22 July 1968 Rancho Mestano S. del Nido, Chih., Mexico. Cotulae, about 1 m. long (photo, sound head only) in burrows under . . . . . 1030; area of scattered aspen. Showers. We ascended L. Bellelepe - brushy, rocky (

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Koford 11 Journal 24 July 1968 Rancho Mestero, S. de Nido Chih, Mexico of ridge - much manguito (abundant green berries), usual shot scrub oak = Varita ? 1315, rookd canyon bottom, many prair (MVZ camp canyon ?). Thustering rain. Down canyon to cabin, raining 3 p.m. No deer sign found. cabin O. de los V. cliffs altos de Mestero N 145 Climbed to cliffs & cave areas (S.) from cabin. Heard ring whistle call & saw strix owl (owl area 145o from cabin) 2 half-bunny spotted owls, out of nest; could fly 50+ ft. Two redtails on cliff top nearby; possible nest. Barn swallow in cabin still feeding 3 young. Weena (Rana pipiens) goes from attic nest. Leopard frogs common in stream. Usually 25 July 1968. Rain in night, overcast morning. 27 Todaxids in net left strix overnight (also possible redtails). The two fledgling owls within 20 yds. of previous site; adult came and perched in shady rocks rocks. Tail base 14" wide light gray, 1" dark. Ad. had white spots atop brown back. / Atop cliffs, a Citharus sat in sun. Roje manguito berries on ridgetops, thin rocky (or'ss') soil. / A winter & friend of Bea said the 1957 grizzly was El Moko, a well- grizzly known adult w/ 2 little fingers missing, & that the hunter (Barber) had been fined 25,000 pesos. El Moko was often seen in Bea Cabin area, too. / On white trunk of 10" dwarf aspen opposite Bea cabin, I saw old scratches of black bear climbing on both sides tree. / Atop ridge S. of cabin, we walked E. Mark 1-2' buck in old down, & flushed Sylvilagus there. Still overcast. Saw 2-3 whitetails in oak area. / Atop ridge w/ C. del Alamo to E; viewed complex terrain, w. stream in bottom. We descended rocky slope into pine area of C. del Alamo. Rain 12 30. Ascended to W. and N. into shell Mestero again, & down rain -> cabin. Picked up stalks of shrub canopy, which still had hair. / This morning, a Todaxids in net at cabin. 26 July 1968 Friday. Drizzle to 0800. Previous eve, in short

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Koford 12 Journal Chih, Mexico 26 July 1968. Arroyo de! Mestino, S. del Nido walle NW of home, flushed 2 quail & 1 whitetail. I & D took trail to W. & SW, paralleling stream but ¼- ½ mi. N., then turned NW (2 mi. from cabin) to go toward Mesa de Los Venados, above Ojos Flushed whitetail in oak-green area. Brown tyrant w. ash throat in color. Good view to S. of cliffs Mestino + plain beyond. Pigeon-mangoite in rocky area, S. aspect. | Arrived head A. del Alveo, where I spread first day out (about NW of cabin), + on to mesa (Altos Mestino, 050° 3° mi.). Flushed [illegible] from flying stick nest in oak. Cabin: road 1100' above cabin. Cu- stratus clouds, E. wind 15 de. Junipers very common, & Iron Towner. | Flushed 2 separate Sylvilagus from slant-side down logs on gassy mesa. Bunchgrass to 1/2" (green), w. taller old stalks. Many Argue graze here now, among oak, pinion, tamarisks. | 1205, reached low rocky knoll near NE corner of mesa (1500' above cabin). [illegible] (?) w. white flowering some faint. Lunch at edge A. de los Arroyos, where about 200 sq. ft. ground torn up as if by skunk, w. small jute bag. | About 200 yds. E., rear edge steep cliffs, came upon apparent bear droppings, semi-solid, 38 x 80 mm. largest, 3' from bore of pine (about 200 yds. W. of pass at hd. of Ojo de los Venados). Contained many ants + a few small beetles; saved for later About 4 droppings, perhaps only 1 day old. No definite tracks found in area. This ridge should be a "natural" crossing route for bears. | 1410, reached pass (1400' above cabin) and started down to S. 1500, reached the "cienos" [= ojo de los Venados] cienos of cattle water + feed & large oaks, a good campsite. Saw = painted redstart the "warbler" w. blue-black head, black upperparts, large white wing bars, white outer 2 feathers, black sides + red breast; quick moths. | ¼ hr. down- stream to first branch canyon to NE, + ¼ hr. more to second (larger). columbo f. In bottom, flushed bandsto from same nest as once before. Still awest 5 p.m. when reached cabin, but no rain. Coyote droppings common a trail in bottom.

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Koford 13 Journal Mexico. 27 July 1968 Sat. A. del Mesteno, S. del Nido, Chihuahua, Half overest. Canyon win by colin. We parked & walked down canyon to car, 2 hrs. Met a green Crestler in narrow black bands near stream; it retreated under old fencepost (cattle?) / heard turkey calls in canyon. [Good] poor, tho a kind 1/2 ton perhaps w. 16" which made it to Ben colin; we did not try. / We took leave of Bacaya, then drove 3 mi. S. of cattle guard & sorted, to wait out rain. Soon a pickup came; it was Armands Reynol, and sons A. and "Lalo", who had 16+19 yr old. ranch nearby, at Corral de los Baños (Rancho Panopeto). They spoke English & invited us to their ranch house, near edge of the large low bouldery hill N of Santo Claro, by Arroyo Palominos (lower part of C. del Tlano). / On plain saw 2 L. gallardi; no seemed to be chasing the other. White fin appear- antly excited when fleeing. / A green Bubo landed in grass at edge of a gully, & a mockingbird dove at it repeatedly; we flushed and which flew 1/4 mi. to tree where mockingbird again attacked. About 7 p.m., when still light. Also saw Choruleter flying. / At corral dipping Hereford cattle which had been worked earlier in day. Vaqueros branding, branding, musk, & roast testicles. / Saw 3 man coupler of L. gallardi before reaching ranch (The boys said that 2 shot over 100 in one night.) / Reynol had gone to Nuevo State; boys to Culiacan. Wife, Alicia. 8 children (Lalo, young- est). Not other small rancher too. A. was president of Rotary Club in Chihuahua. Locals came & sang w/ guitar, accordion, in one. 28 July 1968 Sunday. Watched cattle operation at ranch. Armands said formerly turkeys & quail at ranch; now none, tho he thought parturage better & cows no less. Said put out 1000 about every other year, & had not heard about secondary poisoning or restriction or use. I saw carcass of Bald eagle on fence; said killed by poisoned (strychnine) cancan about March; saw skull. Ranched here since 1942. They say Minavites over- work soil & have reduced yields. Live in constant fear that good will take have Kodachrome

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Koford 14 Journal 28 July 1968. Rancho Parapetaz nr. Santa Clara, Chihuahua Mexico and broke up ranch. Knowe nothing of beans but assumed have to kill them because they fed cattle. Wife is in- love of Urbano yea (seste wife?) Saw skibler along roads. | Visited Rancho del Alamo, to inquire about use radio. Spys. 10+ bandtails in canyon above headquarters. At edge plains saw both black-tails & white- sided jackrabbits. Adjtrns. 6 mi. from good dirt road; about 10 mi. from "Santos #1" store. 29 July 1968. Mon. Tried to drive to El Borrego, store near Santa Clara but stopped by high river. On plain saw ravens. New lawn, greblers & house sparrow. Stopped at #1. Then to C. del Alamo, where camped. 30 July 1968. Clear morning. "Caporal" at ranch is Sebastian Barrera there 28 yrs.; l. eye blind. Administradora is Ramon Prieto, who comes about once a week, & communicates daily by radio at 7 a.m. (80+ yrs. old). Ramon gave permission to camp on ranch. Replied Davison, who said helicopter coming tomorrow, & truck today to bring fuel! I walked up canyon & N. along rim. F looked to 12 bandtails. Have scars in canyon over 1 cm. long, but green. Thought I heard a [red. dark woodpecker] large woodpecker drumming. Azm. woodpecker, screech jays, & dusky tailed ground squirrels common. Fox house sparrows common near barnyards. Thrushes range iris, shot slight- curved bill, in oak. Camped above highest water tank, in rock-cliffed canyon w/ 10' wide clear stream. Mt. top about 6200; but no road toward. 31 July (1968). Wednesday. No rain last night. Helicopter landed my lighter about 9 a.m., 1 1/2 hrs from Chihuahua, but truck w/ fuel not until afternoon. Weather bad by then, so no flight. They brought fuel for only one 2-hr flight & return to Chihuahua! Rain midway. A red flower Phlox; Ipomoea? is (sweet?) coarse foliar abundant flower =, & humming fed at there. | In afternoon, a rushing sound, & sunless stream turned to a

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Koford 15 Journal Mexico. 31 July 1968. Rancho del Alamo C.del Alamo Chihuahua, muddy mess of siltstream about 50' wide in a few seconds. Luckily we were clear of the flood. About 3 p.m., took walk to N. Thanked u. that white type tail. Much deer sign. Small oaks, shrubs, grass, on rocky undulating ground. Heard no turkeys, saw no quail. Moon first 1/4 waning. Coprinusrid colle evening. August 1 July 1968. Departed 0700 for helicopter trip. A broken fog layer around peaks, above on NE side. Pilot Capt. (P.A.) Jose Arroyo. We crossed ridge at Rd. Martinez, just W. of Altos del Alamo (9000' by altimeter in plane) & descended on NE side. To await clearing, landed & waited. Then to opposite site Ojo Laguna Cenicilla, where waited again for fog to rise above C. Campana. [C. La Campana] Eventually flew over this. A red-rock canyon just S. of La Campana main canyon, & on top a small lake. Sail red, river few, & vegetation much sparser than Rd. Martinez area. Then down canyon of Monte Negra ranch, which was green grassy w. widespread small oaks & rock outcrops. Back up C. de los Prietos, leading W. from the

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Koford 16 Journal 1 August 1968 Rancho El Alamo, C.delAlamy, Chihuahua. hills much, and often hunted for volces + living, but last possible grizzly seen was 5 yrs. ago (judged by color). He said grizzly leaves clear marks intact, but black does not. About 3 yrs. ago he found red one tree much scratched up & limbs broken or if lay leaves, but found none. He said that "El Mochs" the grizzly, lost finger in wolf traps. I left foot at 13 40. 8/10cumulus-nimbus. Walked N. above rim canyon. Many canionce droppings: Pinyon-oak mixture. Went 2 hrs. slowly, then W. 1/2 mile to a narrow red-rock canyon (= C.Escen- Cliffs dido) where no trail, many cliffs, shaded vegetation; big calces, pines - no bear sign. Flushed a caprimulgid. Out of canyon. 17154 to camp. Many chipping sparrows in pinyon-oak area. 2 August 1968. Clear but slowly clouding. Walked to N., departing 0830. Fence 0900. 2 white-tail flushed. 0920 ripe manzanita berries on rocky slope, but no sign of animal feeding. 0940 at edge of rocky small canyon Accipiter land & saw 3 Cooper (?) Hawk's pair. Called wh-wh about 1/sec., rising notes. A top cliffs 4 in pines. (Nest area probably.) 2 painted redstart painted redstart Coeper on oak trunk. Saw the black-red-breasted woodpeckers again. 1115; on ridge crest, apparent top of Alto del Alamo. 035° about 2 mi. One live oak had many acorns 7/8 cm. long, green; but much resistance among trees, many having none, & no slow change in size w/ almost altitude. 1205, 2 quail flushed one at a time, giving descending squeak """ in flight; just near water seep on rocky slope near grass dumps. Much manzanita or ridge (about 1200' above camp (7100) level). C.de? This ridge apparently between Mastro & Alamos drainages. I descended step slope to M. river, among big pines, paper, spruce pine, lobed white deciduous oaks. Fair trail lies, & remain logging road down canyon. On bottom 1245; trail up about 335°. On greeny flat, lot timbers, ae

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Koford, C. Journal 2 August 1968 [C. de Mosteño & de Alamo, Chihuahua, Méx] [Gold saw mill] if of former logging operations. Brush fields (alpine appearance) probably result of logging. Many old signs general fires. About 20 bd. of Bea cattle bone (none of Alamo cattle, sheepdogs, or deer body parts). Fleeced quail lay trails; N—' squaw calls; dove into cave after 20yds. | Purple fogflower in flower; red lupine in flower; penstemon; Indian paintbrush. Scrub oak acorns <1 cm.; lately larger than cups | Continued upstream until 1430, when about ½ mile short of divide. Nelly pine forest; some deer, chipmunks, ground squirrels. Masked lark- tit in flock. 1600 at spot where descended to river. Tried to go down river, but too cliffy & headed 240° or farther N., so scaled slope to ridge again, and back toward camp. Arrived 7 p.m. (dark @ 8 p.m.). Altim. registered 1350' above camp at highest spot. (9450'), but probably erroneously high. 3 August 1968. Prepared for 2 nights backpacking. With two & Ciba departed 1000, to N & E, & at 1430 arrived on Mosteño R. where yesterday. En route met a 4' Catalpa in shot brush & rocks; no stem contents. Red manitas conspecium in pine needles same spots. Walked 1¼ hrs. farther into canyon & camped above fall. Shot rain afternoon. Heard & saw 10+ parrots in evening; were a few nearly every day, never over 7 together. 4 August 1968. Overnight. Altim. registered 8350' (7+50/7100 at Alamo camp). De- parted 0730 for hike up to summit. First ½ hr. up canyon to pass at river. En route saw 2 deer. Mostly low oak brush, open stand pines. Mountain oak large brush was chingapin-like, w. dentate leaf tips pubescent leaves golden brown. below. At pass fine view to N. toward Ranch El Nido, lower precipitous canyon. To the W., sugar pine, Douglas fir, torote, piñon. We walked through to next pass (½ mi.) to the E., the ultimate head of the Mosteño. No lower trail either pass. To N., the deep V canyons, yellow-red rock cliffs, wooded w. oaks, piners, ash, conifers—the route extended about ½ mile down canyons. This pass about 8750' indicated alt. We ascended peak to S, where 9500' indicated (prob. <9000'). Sugar pine; dwarfed

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Koford 18 Journal 4 August 1968. Top S. del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico pigeon, fledgling Allos Martens near for 205°. On bush, grass, or rocks, hundreds of red scarified beetles w. 6" black sand spots - why only on high points? Took bodehances - highest peak still to E. We headed for this: "Chiripin" and mangante slopes; now berries ripe some sites. On up ridge - rock formations, time 1150 pine - needle flats, climb to the apparent highest peak or rim (9900' incl.). Fine view all around - ridg of rim of pine forest to E. & S. Canyon w/n rocks. A Peregrine Falcon fajjir. Peregrine soared by cliffs at close range. Good views toward C. de la Madre. Bandtails, parrots. Found no rare can (Acanth) at upper level. Back to camp, getting into very canyon area (4 hours as home). Bird had red tent set up; a very large gray hummingbird w. short white tip's tail had been visiting the tent during day. No rain. Heard no caravine or mice at night. 5 August 1960. No rain night. 3/10 cumulus morning. Left 0730 to explore to W. near rim. Ascented 9500' (inclined) peak on rim, when five miles to N. & W. over rim area to Mesa de los Venados. (Trail up from Rock Walls must get top this time). More of Allos Martens close, 250° about 1 km. Took photos. More "Lady Bugs" live. Parrots, Bandtails, bluebirds, junco, sheep. Once I loathed my predator cell; there was scent behind me & a ? deer started to point 50 yds. away & looked about nervously. At another foot she came 10 yds. closer - looking for hidden form? Much country to explore in rim area. We descended to camp & departed 1150 for ranch deltos . 9/10 cumulus. About 1 p.m. found sugar pine cave fresh delicacy, now. Martens R. Arrived C. del Alamo camp 1710. Bats flew close & caprimulgids called in evening. 6 August 1968. Due at Marta Negrin ranch, so left C. del Alamo. To 51 stre, then W, S. & N., E W. to hd of canyon down to La Panita. On plain high saw one burrowing lande. Mammante fields ended and restored valor started about 6 mi. before reaching collegiate & start descent. Rocky, cliffs, scrubby oak trees. About 1 mile down (of 8½ to Primavera), saw

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Journal 6 August 1968 Rancho Manta Negra 5 (de Nido), Chihuahua, Mexico. Paporrin Trogon trogon (coppery-tailed) fly by road; then another, apparent &. about 3 more in next mile seen from car; are apparently the larger "sized" Trogon (white tips distinctive in flight). Corcoran larches or red berries. | Back to Manta Negra ranch about 1 mi. E. of Pinnavera houses (same food + beer available there); 5700' indistinct alt. Road into north little used, w. many creek crossings, & impassable about 1 km. from ranchhouse. Walked there & met Jose Damian and friend Flavio, who had arrived about 3 p.m. (They had a couple of other city boys with them; we were shooting at everything with scope sights ??.) A dam & lake over 100 m. across - w. | duck (Diaz? - pole blue-spectrum) on it. Apple orchard. Old ranchhouse, apparently used only for cowboy camp. No one present to question. Mostly open hilly grassland w. scattered small oaks & occasional cut-coppa copper red rock cliffs - not good bear country it seemed. We camped below ranchhouse & the 2 boys left for Chihuahua. Norain; much dew. 7 August 1968. Back to Pinnavera village, when talked w. a conspicuous man (mayor?). He said 8 days ago hard rain that washed landslides down mountain & wrecked roads, including one about 20 km. up canyon to W. (C. de los Prietos). Said at least tall prices, & gave can-major. He seemed to know country & rivers. Said up that canyon were some "tingas" (pools?) where deer trapped in fall. Said 7 days ago a lion or puma killed colver near this town, but hunter did not get him.| Later I saw him on good horse near town. Constant long-ash cigarette in center mouth as talked; 60 yos, heavy set, older house in town (name?). Offered to loan horse for look up canyon. | We hiked up C. de los Prietos past adobe, the settle grassland in bottom w. red rock cliffs to sides. Good stream 5 yds. wide & clear. Brown tanager, thrashers, black-b. grosbeaks, scrub jays,

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Koford 20 Journal 7 August 1968. Nr. Primavera S. de Nido, Chihuahua chipmunk, ground squirrel, Camelophorus + Igelhauer. Many owes 1-2 am day, & many on ground some sites. Walked 80 min., to where red cliffs close to about 150 yds. A few pieces to 60' tall. less. Firewood gathering w. lumors. Many Hereford cattle. Return down canyon (with exploration farther up). | Then down back E. up Santa Clara canyon for 3.1 mi., to tributary from S. & man came to N., & camped (6200' indicated).| Departing 14:15, due & walked up road to 1/2 mile from tops, looking for tigrone + animal sign. A couple of good tributaries off to NW per with exploring, or former reports from near road (Damian, 3 yrs. ago). Many scrub jays, ground squirrel, in canyon. Saw one 4' Catiline in road; rather lothargic, & no inclination to strike whenlothed (the common chipmunk x x kind). Started down : C. mologus back down road 1630. Saw 1 quail edge road. At camp, heard scream (?) owl, caperwingbirds, at night. About 5 kucha passed during day. 8 August 1968. Left camp 10:30 & drove to Primavera. Saw morning dove road- course, en route. I km or about 8 miles to cattlegravel 1.6 mi. E. of Parity; down at last, indicated alt. 5150'. 9/10 cactus at now. Drove S. 6.8 mi. To La Campana gte of Agricultural Stn., & 2.0 mi. further to (locked) gate to "Sycamore" W. we were seeking road to enter close to Cerro Campana; age, etc. road to foot of we work, but prob. no trail thru. Carlsage said a trail up Toro Canyon, just S. of C. Campana. Inquired at one ranch; then 5. again to Rancho Herrodora (Oscar rd. Ranch has Vaco) Puey, but never there), which named La Campana error. Then to Ranch 45 (exp. To rd.) to inquire of vagrants, who were loading Bayral cattle thru. Then drove to Rancho Arco Lito, S. of Parita a few mi. Owner (Puey) absent, but one man accompanied us to next ranch S. (Javier Terraza ?), where we obtained permission to use road to foot of Canyon Machete, where old trail led up to top. This road started opposite two old small

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Journal 8 August 1968. Co. Campana, N. of Chihuahua, Chih., Mexico. edge rock + slope human near entrance of Yeloria (E side highway). Late wired + stabled. Rough rock led up to edge canyon at month, + even on down into it a few hundred yds. Camped at edge, about 6000'. Thick growth oaks in canyon, + many boulders, red rock cliffs; canning droppings, wild grapes (ripe) + ripe mangosito berries. Good view of plain to E. Band lands divided no mules or livestock in this lower country. Late night thunder saw, + possible, somewhere, snakes. 9 August 1968. Departed 0800 for hike up C. Medina's to top. Much remains in lower canyon including one (a blue?) w. red heron (dry). Trail much worked out, no little use. / 0900 we saw 2 jnr. Aquila golden eagles coming near red cliffs of canyon - white bone tail + spots under each wing nor

Milage - going N. Ag. sta. ca. 0 (1746 Km.) 1.0 Rock hse, E. (rd. to Modrno, w; gate) 1.4 Yerbani rd (E) 3.6 Arco Ivis (1752) 6.1 Blee restaurant W 7.0 Parrita (Km 92) W (1757) 10.9 old restaurant, W. 12.3 turn + 50 NE 13.1 gate E (Laguna) (1767) 15.4 gate w 17.4 R. del Alamo rd E; Prov'd. cattlegr.w. 18.0 start turn / (1773) 18.6 050 deg. R 30 deg.; going uphill 21.0 Km 1780 23.5 Km 1782 Trani track.

Koford 22 Journal B 10 August 1968 Nr. Rancho Providencia, 5. de / Mds., Chihuahua explored road to [illegible] ranch & environs. (First gate 2.9 mi.; collieguard, 4.4 from carretera; 7.1 to ranch hdytr.). Saw rookuma; red tail hawk. said chicken. No adult ? at ranch; hunting deer, 3 families then in family nest walls area w. orchard tree, 1 hour - 1 1/2 or femperts nr. La Benito. 1 scaled quail near bk crossing; 1 rookuma. / From ranch down NE, about 305°. Passed wood gate 2.3 mi.; another in rock wall, after 7.5 mi. (crossed 1 mi. S., at summit 215° vogueti). About 11 mi. from hdytr., ground larks, red; many pepper lizards. Jackrabbit (black tailed); 2 burrowing hawks. Many mounds of small Citellus spilosoma ground squirrels scattered along route, its few squirrels out mid-day. Saw many longclaws, meadow larks; shrikes. Continued on 13.6 mi. to a plastered rancho nr. windmill in plain; then turned SW & drove 84.5 mi. to headquaters of leon's del Alamo ranch. White-winged dove in yard. Only one resident family. No lion, wolves, bears, they said; this ranch includes grassy dells but not the oak or pine belts to S. They said R.O. del Rio about 1/2 hr. by car, the third anago. / We went that way. 7 hour gate, creek. 7 km 4.5 mi. from bowers, a track leading W. (a presa to E). .3 mi. on, gate; 4 entered aridated soils. 6.3 from ranch, gate; just in creek. road to S. up canyon. (horribly 1, 1.5 mi. S. of as we finally took) We explored 3 mi. further on, but found no roads leading lower peaks, so (= ? pajarito) back to the 6.3 road. Went about 2 1/2 mi. up that road & camped in grassy among oak & big mesquite tree. (Still looked yet, up road; said old mine [myaganese mine]) sheafle + pile of red rocks (?). / About 8 p.m. I stepped on a Catehua in grass nr. lizards, 20yds from stream, & it struck my pants' leg; collected this one, which is fourth kind we have seen. But let not cross stream, but no catch overnight. Much porwill calling in night. New mine flushed 3 outbred white tails, saw with fair fable but still in velvet. Overrode today saw 10+ scaled quail, never over 2 together. Also saw rookumas sitting cullipedia on top of wooden fence post ! Some rain eve. 6200' inside: all at camp. specimen coll. 3816

To Nu R. Soc. 0 2.3 mi. wed g. Cockay. " 'point" 7.5 wed g.) wed wed (g. P.R. 215°; nd. 305°

Koford Journal 11 August 1968. (Sunday) N. C. del Nido, S. del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico. We ascended gravel buried feet up a path to leave rim of Sierra & Tolo photos. (C. del Nido seems to be north E.). Much green oratillo. Brown woodpecker: (cement dam) to E of black & yellow bird (nicol ?), 2 miles 100m. lake foot on canyon near us. Then (from Pajarito gate) drivel to the road along foothills, + 3.8 mi. to Rancho E (R. del Alamo). Then 17 mi. NE to highway, + 17 W. to El Carmen for supplies. Small town but fresh fruits, eggs, staples available, + gasoline. Then 39 mi. to El Suero. Much grassy rolling country, often well mounded with cactus: mounders about 20m. apart, long almost no bollatarias. / At first (N. of Rincon de l Alamo) sand area (= El Plano ?), saw black-t. jachridlie, + fine 4' Pitupois (?) fled into rodent burrow. yellow-w. red-brown large broad spots, while often into rodent burrows. La Tampaza mtn. rancho, grass green & tall, + pepper bushes to 15'. Morning dove common. / In morning near R. Rincon del Alamo saw an Montezuma quail a rood; so probably multiple screeled quail live. / We drove on south port Providence gate + entered barred wires gate to W., 3.8 mi. N. Panita mtn. Inn. 1771. Camped among pepper bushes. In eve with flashlight saw 20+ strangero jays (+ Paragramithers ?) in open near bushes. But Schuyler top + caught a wood-st. Many burrower mice. / About 5 times during night we had fine yelping coyote chorus, perhaps 1/4 to 1 mile away. Overcast all night, but no rain. Clearing next morning. 12 August 1968. Monday. We had done up Jose Damian and friend Flavio Toralbe overnight trip up Cano Campana, where Flavio said he drove country from hunting + often (siempre) saw bear tracks mtn. To's Lake + other places. So went to Agrie. Station sign to wait any note of Aug. 10 still there. / We saw several Mexican burros near La Panita. / Didn't come by 1 p.m., now left notes down N., turning to W. off highway to Rancho Providence (7.4 mi. in) cattle guard about opposite Hernandez road E. to Rancho del Alamo). Foreman Fortino (sp ?) still in Chihuahua but upset.

{ "text": "Distances\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → C de la Modera\n4.8 b w gate\n5.6 algar creek\n5.8 b w gate (rd. to s.-mins). → E. Poyuito\nGoing NE\n0 Rincón del Al. hdq. o +2.4m b w gate\n4.5 rd to su ( Presa nr.) → [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

Ko ford 24 Journal Mexico. 12 August 1968 Rancho Providencia, S. del Nido, Chihuahua, as waited until after 4 p.m.; the boys (Damián & F.Louis) soon overtook us. From R. Providencia headquarters, go W. through gate and after about 200 yds., SW toward north Canyon del Nido in fairly straight line. One muddy crossing w. high center about 13 mi. to this part ranch. Among several rough bldgs., a fairly modern house, present. presumably for owner when present. Fine view up canyon to S. at red cliffs + east of Sierra del Nido, summit lying almost S. of building, but 3000' above. We met fremen (lived only 9 mos.) who let us drive 1 hrs. up the C. Los Varas (E.) fork varas or old road & camp; clean stream 25' wide. Grassland, oaks, cypress; many cattle. Fremen said no lions or wolves bothered stock. Damián & Louis returned to Chihuahua. 13 August 1968. Clear night, cool dewy morning. Camp 65900' i. el. (6=28.5). Departed 0805 for hike up Los Varas branch, said to be 3 hrs. horseback long, and to "always have beautiful" rain pools when water low, according --to Damián. To Danién. (cav.?) The canyon led SW (Negrea fork to S.), then about 200°. Many large fine large 250? cypress trees in bottom, some over 2' dbh. Oaks, yucca, agave (jíjote). Met cowboy Roberto Espinosa, here over a yr. & formerly at R. Temazcate, who said had never seen a bear here, but thought likely in canyons near him to S., & C. Negrea. No sign of no trailer with lions or wolves. | Stream high and canyon walls ravined, so had to cross & recross many times; gave up this route after an hour & returned toward camp, taking S. fork (Negrea) at 2955. Small clean stream; many cattle on in Los Varas. Rough red cliffs, oaks, cypress; poor trail or now. about 1215 reached wide bottom of oak - grass, w. abundant acorns (small, long, thin) about 6900' i. el. on ground & in stream. Bear dropping, still formed; seems to cater small mice, ants?, beetles, monzanita berries (no acorns). Found down cutted log w. many parts pulled off as if of bear (?) searching for grubs and termites. Canyon led split, going on SE up brushy slope, & turning S. between cliffs toward rugged crest. This canyon gentle rise

(odm.) m. 418.5 0 L -> Ranch F -> W 18.5 5 word get 20.4 6.9 south running 22.8 9.3 word get; you started down. after 200+ yds. Take 1/2 L. not (26.4) - 12.9 mi. - Rand Ridge, SE Nudo.

Koford 25 Journal MEXICO. 13 August 1968 Tues. C. del Nido, S. de/Nido, Chihuahua, no stocks, large Doug fir, pine, madrone, oak. Went SW. Streambed dry. | about 0754 7400' incl., been dropping about 50 yds from creek, or away from clumps near old bushes. 6 pieces to 4.5x70mm. Ground (robin) some time up (hodgers ?) nearby. Used manginite fruits in dropping; photosed. Cone cone (parrot?) rare. Bonetola common, some on nests. | At edge stumbled found possible bear track (smiley face) 10 cm wide, like bell & teen man's foot (no claw marks). | 1500, found a spring, 7600'. No bear tracks near. Canyon seemed headed to SW -> E. El Teridero, but not sure so started back down route up, living 1500 about 6900', 5 yds. from dry stream under oak, another well-found bear dropping about a wk old w. many mangy bits berries. (Collected parts of various dropping.) Also found at least 2, apparently 2 or 3 bears, but degraded into piles. Most bear sign seen yet. Saw a few whitetails on way down. Many acorns ripe & fallen, but little avi- ded dove eating (not good to human taste). Had for 3 gp. well-formed bean pretty fairly recent. Reached camp 1830. 14 August 1968. (Wednesday). Light rain night. Departed 0850 for hike up jip road & trail to summit, starting up main del Nido canyon & taking path S. up "El Teridero." Initial stream 8' wide, clear. After 42 hr, going 250°; then S. up tree road. (Passable dry pickup to about 6700', where small old stone hut; then worked out). Much livestock. Parrots, turkey vulture, jays. Oaks, aspens, junipers, increasing pines. Fairly direct ascent. At 7000' slumped across on ground (leaves [illegible] clothy, dark gr. tops, whitish dolor; acorns yellowish/ot loose). Water ended 7300' (1042). | On mossy red tent boulders near bottom, the black & white flycatcher in red abdomen; nervously fluffy, tail spread (3 white wite restices?). | 8400' indio atteleu, large pine; 2 parrots set together stop 60' pine stub & let us pass 50 yds. Dist ant (nest area ?). Canyon head V-shaped. Reached high brands when many small aspen; there a stone pile indicates trail, up right side, switch-

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Journal 14 August 1968 Rancho del Nido, S. de l Nido, Chihuahua Mexico Looking to summit in a small gp. pinon or rim, about 9200'.el. Pesbel rim 1255, about 4 hrs. from camp. This point at ultimate SE lead of the Mesteno, about 1 hr. NW of Sierra summit, where we passed on trip from Rancho del Alamo (Small Springs 10 & 20 min. toward Mesteno). Found deer carcass near high point trail; perhaps 1 wk. old; coyote droppings of deer hair there, Little Bear sign - I stop rim in grass flushed a quail, which gave "quail" calls & ran back & forth in grass w/ wings low, within 10'of me. I searched for meat and 3 tiny chukar flew. I am a good deer fireplainer at high levels; Rancho del N., del Alamo, Mesteno within 4 hrs. hike. At 1515 we started down to N. on trail. Flushed a Sylvilagus in bunch grass. Both at 7000'; 2 deer stood in trail 50m. ahead of us. Back at camp 1815. No rain during day; but always threatening, every day. Curiously, Damien had apparently not heard of this trail's questionable condition (had not maintained it). 15 August 1968. Wed- Thurs. Departed 0910 to walk up C. Los Vascos, w/ lower shoes for the many river crossings. About 1015, near tributary from R. I saw a trogon flying to a pinion atop red rock cliff, in area orestills, framelioids, oaks, and big cypresser. About 1045, thru narrow part canyon and in flatter bottom, no cliffs, smaller stream, & occasional tributary canyons. (Lost livestock here too.) Continued on about 160'. By 1125, had made 33 water crossings. 1145, groovy flats, sparse woods, damp ground, many 3 spotted red + yellow lilies. Flushed doe w/ fawn, perhaps 20 lbs.; smallest now. I Quail - flushed & w. 4+ do (Smit: smaller arella on wing carried him!) half-grown young; she ran back & forth, wings trailing, as if feigning "fleeing." Within 2-3 yds. of us. | Later, flushed & alone with 4+ tiny flightless young, downy & longit. striped (tried to photo her, & w/ chukar which Eric caught in hand). | Graz, lushness, small odes, ash; stream about 12'mile, shallow here, & canyon opening toward lead, leading

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Journal 15 August 1968 Rancho del Nido, S. del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico spec. about 100°. Saw 2 small Thamnophilus / Bandtail pigeon flushed from egg w. I saw 2 redtailed hawks. Good trocking ground where water had been higher, but no bear sign. (Probably This into Ej. Las Varas this canyon reaches to R. La Manga.) 1410, started back. Had made 48 cavings. Sawen in creek. Low in canyon, in air, an Aguila soaring near top of red cliffs. Half-feathered Pipilo f. on ground near small oak w. nest + adult. (CBK 3817) 4/10 cannelulas, hunt no rain. / Call henbostine in wet grass up C. del Nido. (Camarillo) 16 August 1968. Friday. Moved to C. de la Medina where local man (Castillo) (He was guide for Adel groups) (in 1957.) NE says MVZ camped several years ago. From house, 3.5 mi. to road (To Renon turn del Alamo), three W. thru oakn (2 mi. from turn), across rough canyons (2). third wire gate (3.9 from turn w.) at C. Peñitas, another gate (5.3 mi.), To side road N SW (5.7 mi.). (This last first gate after living C. del Alamo from the side I think) Then 3 mi. to locked gate, + 2 more up canyon to the "jila" in C. de la Medina, about 7000's el. No cattle here. Grassy flat w. scattered oaks in canyon bottom; e rock spine fish visible 230°. 30-50' fever. Spotty water in stream. Arrived 1045, at end road. 1140, departed for the peak up canyon to SW. Patented trail Brush. Crimson bushkn w. ripe "chile cherrini." Compar- capulin atively dry canyon w. little life, but open stands large pines in canyons mostly oak + scrub on slopes. Going slowly, reached top of peak 21/10 mi. View of Sierra Mojiva, El Carmen, + Laguna Encinadas to E. Three main canyons leading S. We were on road; went 40 min. 5 X(3) Arroyo A. de los Arrieros (a ridge up center makes it appear like 2 canyons) From @, flat of Alter cmp X(2) Terranotes @ C. to W. (near 610m) Mercedes 140°, about 2 mi. One could walk thru w/o losing too much in ups down. Pines area between her. Clearer view to N. edge Mesa de los Venados 9000 i. el. 3 jnr redtails (?) chased, dived, played in wind over rim. 3 parrots over

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Koford 28 Journal 16 August 1968. Fri. C. de la Madera S. del Nido, Chihuahua Mexico and Sue, apparently attracted by game call, circled close over trees & us. Rain, light hail, lightning! We descended to a pass & down canyon toward : painted redstart camp; found small spring. Bonetail, black white + red flycatcher, wild (1" long) onions. Nuthatches. At bottom open stand yellow juncos, tall. Red oaks fallen, so every footstep carried a dozen acorns under trees. Varied flickers, acorn woodpecker, Mexican jays, house wrens, spotted towhees. No bear sign. Towel 2 bats (3819, 3820) in mist net over trough in evening. 17 August 1968. Sat. Departed camp 0900 & walked S. up ridge between C. de la Madera & C. del Nido. Rocky, brushy, but good views! On way up, in bottom, flushed Montezuma quail, which landed after 10; fluttered wings; she had 2 at running cheek. I do price saw 2 large jins. Accipiters, calling (Cooper's hawk?)). We were a ridge (S. of old rock area) after 1/2 hrs. from camp. Little deer carnivore sign on ridge, but mangosita ripe & good. Arrived peak (4300' i. el.) 1310. We were at edge head of C. Las Arias; ophrae heads at mesa of Alter Mestera, 1650' from us, about 1 mi. 1650' New chickadees, jins. Buttes, flickers, & varied birds. No water visible, but various pine slopes. Descended first deep canyon W. of us; some brown tracks as if used for travel. No bear sign. Many ripe choke cherries along streambed areas in bottom. Back at camp, visited by Canavilla from C. del Nido. He (19550-57) (say J. Garcia) said grizzly was killed about 1 hr. from our camp, on hill to SSW. He said only springs were in small canyon leading W. from near our camp, & suggested looking for bear sign there. He also said he knew of covers where bears hibernated, & that they contained piles of frescats (branch?). He had guided Allspood on trip to crest on horseshoe. Sums, man, perhaps 40, & slow deer follower; thinks he knows mesa where deers are, & may be good guide. He said bears move about in one month canyon over another the next. No rain night. Bulo called at night. 18 August 1968. Sunday. Sue and I walked 1 1/2 hrs. slowly up

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Koford 29 Journal Mexico. 18 August 1968. Sunday C. de la Maderg & de Nido, Chihuahua, canyon looking W. from camp. Few pines; rocks, brush, rocks. But intermittent 3' diam. stream, + signs canyoning. About 500 yds. up can- you found gross smell upon flat, within 50'stream, where 5 piles Ursus of bear droppings in 5 yds. diam. Contained mangos & whole berries, but also small and larger seeds, unidentified, but not known. No insects or acorns apparent; collected sample. About 1/4 mile up stream, no more droppings. In later look in lower parts, or shady flat area by stream under rock found more piles of varying sizes, at least 20 in all. Some well formed + perhaps only 2 - 4 wks. old, and others decomposed into components. This is most bear drop- droppings seen in this area yet, & bears further search in dry canyons or watches for bears. Perhaps other rather low canyons, under 7500', also have bear signs searched creek sands but found no bear traces (many of deer). Many boulders evident had been moved a few inches or 1 - 2 feet, as if by searching canyoneer, + some of them weighed 20+ lbs., too much for loadger (stockright do it, but slowly?). But no signs scratching under the turned rocks. Heard lodger digging in the area. /Flushed/ quail, later 2, at different points near stream. Re- turned to camp, which must be in bear travel area. /This morning a good lo- olive low camp, one of the + olive Catchers; first seen in this canyon by us. Also pile coyote droppings, + old skunk carcasses. 19 August 1968. Overcast night but no rain; overcast morning. Heard whiporwill calling at dawn, about 0600, + hummingbirds buzzed close at their houses. Packaged to return to La Campava & meet Flavio & Damian Fortino this evening, as planned. Drove thru, talking w. Camavillo (El Nido) and Fortinos (Providencia) on the way - he latter had been here 8 years as foreman of La Providencia, but said he had never seen a grizzly. As usual, saw

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Koford 30 Journal 19 August 1968 Nv. Co. Campeana, Chihuahua, Mexico. rock running, reared quail, or drive over plain. Met Dan and Florio, and we camped (in rain) at head of Rancho Experimental road at Ft. Co. Campeana. 20 August 1968. Departed about 0800, walked up one slope 40 min. to edge C. Medino and ascended, reaching top about 1100. Low in canyon, 2 spots discovered dropping, mostly consisting of manganese lenses (accumulation from coyote?). Met one of C. molossus the 3' olive Crostethus on trail in canyon, another in grass & rocks just before (molissus) climbing up. Logos ripe low in canyon, but only in a few spots. Fair nos. choke cherry (capulin) bushes, but no ripe fruit. Little water in creek bed, but most vegetation green. Brece - Florio said his party had seen one during hunting trips in early 1960's, and he indicated sites in high rocky area around top of Medino's canyon. Lost in 1965, was tracker only, all were black bears. Mostly rocks bordering volcano red rock formation w/ open stand pines (Crawstings?) Popcorn on N. slope, white pine including Blackstonsia, occasional Cupressus near stream beds. Water in better ed pools, but probably some year around. Few deer droppings (we saw 1 (anter complete) in a day on top, including fine or in velvet). Badger digging, lightning struck tree, & occasional coyote or fox scats. Some largeish nests on ridgetops contained manganese only, it appeared - no insects, birds, hair - so I thought bear improbable. Deer tracks in dense ground, but little else. I saw a varied thrush in conifer, and several sideline lothking in pool. No rain during day; increasing cumulus. No signs hares or cattle. Yucca in bloom. In evening had no coprinus/gills, but with flashlight saw much eyeskin, or of field mice. Camped in cave shelter. During afternoon we explored in different directions in the high rolling country, mostly in area of conifer mangantiar, & stream beds, but no bear sign. 21 August 1968. Wed. No rain night; 3/10 cum status 0700. Max visibility. & headed SW to head of our branch Mulletto Canyon (better deep, w/ conifers in bottom, & math up plain from Santa Clara Canyon side). To S., the deeper &

C. de la Modera to Providencia Comp Lokid gate + 1.9 Dist road + 3.3 more blu gate + .2 Cross to S. + .6 [illegible] gate + .9 Branch S. up Pajaito, to old mang. miner Green III gate + 3.9 Take off to R. el Nido Rdg. 100+ yds. W. Wood gate + 4.3 Iron pipe gate = + 3.9 Road + .9 Cattly. (Prac. Bench) + .1 = 20 bu gate + 5.6 Highway + 2.9 Take S. to t La Perita + 10.9

Ko ford 31 Journal 21 August 1968 N. Co. Campana, Chihuahua, Mexico Disserted red-rock range of La Campana, but no sign to suspect gypies are there. Is about 15 sq. miles of undulating ground on top and main searching ground. Horse trails at pass nr. Rd. Mulato Canyon (from Mente Negra Ranch?). Falco peregrinus (1" dark 1/4 light) Wah - a penguin (?) juv., landed strongly across lower side woods, flew away calling 'Ah?' in squeals repeatedly. But few apterial birds present. Rough sketch. We departed noon and walked to La Mente Negra Canyon, arriving at camp about 4:30 pm. The boys departed for Chihuahua, and later we did too. In crossing rock-grass-shrub slope toward camp, met another oliv Catlin (audible to some at 100'), and flushed a parwill (no white wings). Drove to Chihuahua & stayed motel. 22 August 1968. To office Forestal g de la Frontera, when submitted brief report on results so far, for transmission to F. Hernandez Corzo. Then w. Flavio Di and J. Damian visited Lopez Escolina, taxidermist & former well-known hunter. He lives in fairly nice house, with many mounted heads and such, most poor by U.S. standards. (He was said to be unfriendly to F.&F. men because they had fined him for not having taxidermy license.) He talked readily and seemed grateful for audience - in fact, garrulous, with a mixture of details, hunting stories, localities, and species, so that very difficult to follow accurately. Much hand waving & acting out - bolt action, loss, lean, etc. Obviously was a fine hunter, as shown by photos of 1938 or so (w. several wolves), but now too old. About 70 now & somewhat

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Koford 32 Journal 22 August 1968 C. Chihuahua, Mexico. (Had Portuge in gun accident.) water eyed, apparently he had been professional hunter who people called in for predator control. One story told of Benito Cinto of Rancho del Alamo, who employed him: On that occasion he said he saw 3 bears (bird?) which had died of poison. Lopez C. was strong against poison, as no one got meat, hide, or scat out of it, & seemed to blame poison for present scarcity of bears. Wolves he thought must scavenge so not elim- inated by poison. One hunting story w/ photo of grizzly, related to Canyon del los Pintos (w. of Remains). At least two hunting stories involved grizz which came very close to 25 mo., tho he thought them young and w. been mowed. He said find grizzlies in all sites, ridges, cliffs, & bottoms, bears & that active mainly mornings & evenings. He remarked turning over large stones (bird bear?), & leaving hair on salt lumpshe, or grassed. He said trails of 2 kinds "in my district," but gave only clear length as specific difference. Also he noticed an "oro colorado" which he thought a different kind, and said there was a "palomino," a cross between grizzly & black bear. He thought they could still be grizzlies, if not in S. del Nido in other ranger, as they walk from one to another when conditions are diff- cult in one (dry, little food). A range seen Cazor I can't see he mentions specifically. The idea seems that grizzlies gradually retreated N. up the range ending from C. Chihuahua to S. del Nido. He said mounted grizzly from Chihuahua in museum at Santa Barbara, Calif. It was very difficult to get definite answers to many questions as each would send their offer over years. Damian thought main value of L.E. excursions would be a map of sites and dates of grizzly kills, and said he would try to get such. I We said our goodbyes & drove toward Chihuahua, camping in brush desert near (N. of) Villa Ahumada. Some trees bloomed from recent rains.

Going N. Chihuahua to RR along Parita = 71.3 mi. RR to El Suero 23.8 mi. " " Parrita 48 mi.

C.B. Loftord 33 Journal 23 August 1968 To Las Cruces New Mexico Drove to Juarez, shopped, then crossed border. Mexican officials waved us across through without a glance, but U.S. man entered truck & panned around, but no problem. Drove to Los Cruces and visited with C. Thakins and Ralph Faith. (Later to Berkeley via Santa Fe & N. Rim Grand Canyon.) Took no gun this trip. Specimens no. 3811 through 3820. See Also: species water, O. lupus, 18 July 1968 and Catalog See Journal, October 4 - November 29, 1968.

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C.B. Koford (only sp. act.) Canis lupus 18 July 1968. A. B. Las Animas, about 3000' level, saw and heard one 0840-0925. (Kodachrome of area). We (Rue K & I) on ridge about 1 km distant. He in brushy area in small clearing, apparently alone. Open rather dry country. But note more mutual + gave long moaning howls, about 10 sec., rising about 3 meters, starting about C or D pitch. Usually saw throughout, sometimes going up & down or descending at end. After followed by 2 or 3 (usually) short barks. Head horizontal between howls. Body "cage can look" in crouching; black back. Called 15 min., then as we stood up on ridge he walked away. But occasionally howled a bark again, & I saw him walking up shallow draw about 500 km. W. of first site, occasionally stopping. We both od divines, but could see him w. naked eye in sunlight in clear air. Previous day we saw apparent wolf tracks about 1/2 mile N. of Llano in canyon bottom. Many jailer scats along path; like coyote, some w. many non-zootic lesions (now soft & shredded). In afternoon, cowboys brought me wolf skull of one trapped recently in C. de las Animas, which lies N. or N.W. of C. del Llano. (CBK 3811) A

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C. B. Koford 1968 Journal sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mex. Oct. - November

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Journal Fall Trip to Chihuahua, Mexico (Grizzly Reconnaissance project) October 4 to 11, 1968 Berkeley to Los Cruces N. Mexico picked up car, UC Ytan open pickups, pm of Oct. 4. Drove to Davis to prepare to leave. Departed Monday, 7 October, and drove via Las Veras and Coolinga to Cholame, where visited with Glen McMullen. He had seen adult w/ 4 young bobcats several times during the summer. With him, morning of Oct. 8, visited site of fire in chaparral, grass, and Ceanothus pinus on canyon bank (5 of them a females). Tree with eagle nest (a young batched April 4) partly dead now, but we saw an adult flying nearby. In nearby canyon, saw some - a hot fire apparently - where the best quail hunting had been. (Later Glen McM told us he saw a covey of 150+ quails in the burned area.) The long strip between dry pasture & dry grass hills that was needed to 3 birds at triples last winter now lost scattering of plants up to 8" high, but long plantless areas - Dan said grasshopper had hit the plants, & that the native Polycarya survived best. (On plot enclosed w/ boards & wire on top, had 1½' tall plants.) Transplant rips at edge of a cultivated field were flourishing, however - 3-4' high. And some seeded strips in another cultivated field had triples 3' high (planted last winter). Dan McM said he had trapped 2 bobcats in his yard this year and had shot 2 others - apparently a good year for rodents. A clutch of barnacle eggs in an old shed fledged 8 young. This ties in with accounts of abundant rodents in other areas this year.) Many deer in Los Prietos canyon (saw about 25 driving to Elis ranch in evening.) Quail now in large coveys. Dan said spring seasonal in that first clutch of year was successful. Departed midday 10 October and drove via Bakersfield and Yuba City to Delta Sea. Next day drove via Tucson to near Denning, n Mexico, & continues on to Los Cruces next morning. Final shopping and presentation stayed

Odom. 12529 leaving Juarez (324 km. to C.Chih.) 548 = from 2000 to Mex. D.F. 553 - sand & thistle from 980 - sand hills. to W. 5 mi. 77 - sand at road; some brush on. 1266! El Durco 68'5 Gallegos 684 Gallegos cross R.R. track 700 La Parita - then W.

Journal 12 October 1968 Km. 92, nr To La Parrita, Chih., Mex. with Dr. Char. Thack of NM State Univ., when joined in evening by three Herners and Jim Ellis, U C Davis grad students. Off to El Paso in morning 12 October and, after various delays, started down road to toward Chihuahuas. About 30 mi. out, fine sand with many montroska. atruples w. narrow leaf boden on wings side. Near Sanlaguez, road dives to 100' high & fire ride to N W + E, but saw nice good bodsmithie shrubs. Over a gas (?) under 5. of town about 100 mi. S. of Juery, 60+ rovers - at first I thought it must be a slaughterhouse. / One probable Swarman bowls / [faded] cumulus clouds, & apparent rain over mts. to W. / Arrived at La Parrita (Km. 92) (Red sunset on clouds to W.) after dark. Drive toward Santa Clara Q. and camped just through cattle guard. Sprinkling auracut, + much lighting in evening. (Not dry in Oct. !) 13 October 1968. Light rain last night. Coyote chase to Nwd SW about sunrise. 7/0 scerubos - starter. A sharpshin hawk flew by about 8 a.m. open grass - brue - oak clump zone. / We drove or about 2 miles to new site old MV Z camp and camped near 80' red rock cliffs + stream (5 yds. wide & running well) about 1/4 mile on (2.3 mi. beyond cattle guard 1/2 of route) about (1 a.m. I started exploratory walks to lower parts 2 canyons leading = C. Norio e. C. Oscura sky E, S. by W. from area old camp; the W. are dry wash, the E. are running, noisy with pools 5-10 m. long + 1/4 + m. deep - swimming with bullfrogs (?) while dove, 10 mm. long, & many fishs 50 mm. / In bore of thick tall bunch ridge at edge CBK382! (camp roo. by ro.) creek I saw a cold king snake lying quietly. When I disturbed it a Piranipurus ran out of the clumps and ran about as if confused. I put smoke in log. The mouse still confused, in open. Saw a leopard? frog with narrow snout. Hot, humid, ex- starter, but breaking up. Returned to camp 14:30. Ascoma - many dry on ground, w. some cups still in trees, and green scraws some tree. Some smell but plentiful. Along trail in a canyon bottom, fairly abundant probto droppings now.

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Journal 13 October 1968 5 mi. N. Cerro Campana, Chihuahua, Mexico scattering largely of seed coats. Some mainly of tina (costin fruit), purple, or distinct five marks), which is abundant & dropping from probably open stems; good to eat - like grape-flavored guava. Juniper bushes w/ green berries. Moline bushes w/ abundant soft sweet bright red berries (some fallen). Oestillo w/ yellow leaves; a few with red terminal flowers. Red berries on a blue bush. Flores 20" small (shining?) spiny now. Occasional fitches or ocau wood- pine. Flores of 20 to 50 mourning dove. Bare dirt tracks. One hidden by ruins. | Steve Herman saw probable puma Falso rapicamus over cliff. 14 October 1968. Local vaguero, live on Tapia Ranch one year, said he had never seen bear tracks, but formerly there were seen up Canyon Oseuro (runs slightly from here). Next canyon to E is Maria Formon has water year round. We departed 0830, left our cars at adobe, drove other to Chihuahua city. Saw many turkey vultures (no black) on way. Called on Jose Garcia & Miguel Delgado at Delegacion Forestal. No new news of bears. Garcia said he would get more exact info on recent kill of 3 lines (1 adult) and "lamentary cactus" in Monte Negro. He said they had given permit as several colts had been killed. | Stopped, & departed again at 2 p.m. Drove both cars up into Clara Canyon; road now far better than in August. We looked for but saw no trogas. Semi-up from La Panita, elev. 5500'; took a Diadelphe on road (she photographing in sun, noted that she posed tightly curled red tail and hid its head; & Herman photographed this posture). Above Las Varas school (Primavera), parts of stream dry, & in upper mile or two nearly all dry. In upper parts some long-leaved peirier & traliniun, & many jaigo. 18.8 miles from La Panita (elev at 5000') to crest; total 24.6 more via "51" state to Corral de Batas. Sunset 1830, & rain thereafter for ½ hr. Saw Lepus gaillardi at this Corral on on toward Rancho del Merloño. Also a few Dipelamyx on road. Across

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Koford 1968 Journal 14+3 14 October 1968 Rancho del Mistero, Chihuahua, Mexico about drive high & mostly drawny but short. herboge grown. About 10 Andropogon miles for from Conel to cattleguard entering Mesterio ranch "Little" bluestem common in last mile & near cattleguard. We camped near here. Five every coyote chase to 5. Occasional small owl calls. Stormclouds, calm & clear then. 15 October 1968. Morning clear, dewy. A pechuse w/ canopy came down road w/ Urbano yea, Jr. and sister. U. probably late 20's. He said that Sr. delatore ? (de la Torre) of S.A.G. in Juarez was working with bears, had a bear trap bears on truck, & had bought some from New Mexico (?) to release. De Bear seen Sr. on J.C Canyon road in 1963, sister said she saw with Urbano too at time & saw bear, while he said wooo grizzly. He said that at least 14 head were lost (1961?) to a big grizzly, so they put out 1080 poison in baits & bear disappeared. They also offered reward for killing (grizzly ?) bears & told vagueros to shoot them. Urbano Jr. thought that poison had finished the bears. Re lions, he said no recent trouble; usually bother fairly in drought years. (Was abundant bear sign near MVZ camp in Mesterio canyon result of drought?). He also said a bear killed a calf on the Penitenciero mesa (U. from C.Heytler) a year (?) ago (according to Juan Boeza). Weather - U. said usually last rains in late September, and a frost or 2 by now. Grass very exceptionally lush, so winter feeding probably unnecessary. Turkeys - he said a Mennonite recently on ranch and shot turkeys, which he first attracted with food. / Alarm fall in bird Santa Clara Canyon was light, and also near cattleguard to Bear ranch. / At the pond at headquarters, 2 large sandpipers (white band on spread wing, white breast, bobbed rumps up & down when standing. Vagueros out rounding up cattle, so did not see Boeza. But drove up up canyon to [illegible] to Camp (7300' indicated). Stream still

Adobe (near old MVZ camp) to La Panta - 1.9 mi. to cattleguard, 2.6 more to ? highway (4.5 total). L.P. south - LP 0.0 Blue restaurant .6 mi. Aro Dos 1.8 mi. (highway turns eastward) 3.9 mi. (" " W.) Road W. to C. Madano 5.9 Rancho Egp. 6.9 mi. Chihuahua (gran arboles) sign 56.5 mi. La P. to Mesteno - (5000') Casiqu. 2.6 Adobe 4.5 Stone house - 6.5 Adobe & canal 6.8 Las V. (Peninsular) hillys. - 10.5 (5700') Dents N. - 13.7 Summit - 18.8 (from L.P.) Turn N 29.5 Turn E 35.7 Canal de B. 43.4 (then down into canyon & turn N. toward river.) Zea cattleguard - 53.7 Ranch by. 55.7 Wire gate 57.3 Pond 57.5 Red rocks 58.5 O'trough 60.9 Llam (tank & spring pipe) 61.0

Roford 5 Journal 15 October 1968 Rancho de / Mosberg, Chihuahua, Mexico running well, but some dry spots within 1 mile upstream. Good power then in early July; we had to detour a repair works out places. Arrived about 1130 (5.2 mi. above Ldftris.; tot.6mi.from La Parita). Took level walks, reorganized gear, set snap traps. I set 15 near spring + pipe, trying for shrews. Saw many bandtailed pigeons, jays, juncos. Canvies dropping, canow along road. (This morning saw flock of 100+ apparent parrots flying over cattlegrazed to year round) (Yesterday saw flock of 20+ doves in lower Santa Clara Camp). A big frog (Rana pipiens?) fairly common at Elbon. Also saw garden spade bee, + in pond at ranch heights. Near me a wild turkey, in cover- ing. Ash tree + aspen turning yellow./ About 9 p.m. I walked a few hundred yds. up canyon & gave owl hoots. Son heard spotted owl calls from slope to E., in about area of last July. But owls did not come closer. However, after I returned down canyon they followed, + often hooted on steep slope E of us. Usually "" 1', and occasionally the rising whistle. 16 October 1968. Wednesday. Still at Elbon Cold; clear night, but no frozen water. About 0609 a few Stix calls. About 0630, turkey gobble, + now another one; I thought up and across canyon, in area owls first located./ My traps held 2 Peromyscus (stuei?). / Departed 0830 & walked up Arroyo del Abono. Mod. dry; clear. At site old sarnmill 0915. (Stream ended about 15 min. down camp.) Many Steller jays in pines this; a chipmunk too. Sonig, N. upold logging road, four and water in lower part of canyon & at streambed crossing 20 min. up; then dry above. Found no bear sign near water. Saw bandtailed pigeons perched in one pine; others flying common. Brook + ash, 2 apparent Townsend warblers (no black). And Rufous-sided towhees in 10' live oaks near bottom. At 7700 level, white oak (4" leaves; undulated margin) yellowing & browning, losing foliage. Ash tree, yellow-leaved, conspicuous./ Two redtails whistled.

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Journal 16 October 1969 Rancho del Molino, 5 de Mayo, Chihuahua, sun pines. Rising slowly, reached top of old road at (145 - at W. edge of Mesa de los Venados). Bluebirds, juncos campestris & lazulites common. Mesa about 8200'. I walked NE to pass at head of ojos de los Venados. Most of mesa was weedy and moderately dry, with few birds, but green underbrush. Red-bellied woodpecker; large (10+cm) spherical berries on juniper, and [illegible] many on ground (fairly edible). Saw no deer, but trogon & droppings fairly common. 7 ravens flew over. Saw no parrots. Searched for heron sign where found in July; was, but apparent lack of dropping there (grey w. much hair). / Acorn crop seemed light; few on ground, & some small green still on tree. Freshly eaten cone of dry pine cover (barkwise) on ridge. Another bunch w. abundant green (little) fruit. Saw lizard active at 2000'. / About 1339 returned to Mesa de los Venados. On pine tree, according ! trunk in jinks, a Centaurus woodpecker - banded back, black breast, yellow old down, white base tail; dull slate than flasher. Also saw sapsuckers not noted? ! (yellow-bellied?), with red forehead & throat, white malar line, large white patch edge wing. (Jim Ellis thought he saw red-bellied sapsucker too.) / Flash 500 pine siskins feeding on pines buds. / For 200+ yds. around with pool (dammed), vegetation greener, grass prominent, & many birds. / about 1530 I left mesa & descended W. into S. del Abono. About 15 min. N. of camp, in bottom, I saw 2 cardinals sitting on some branch of pine. top both are perched on 30' stub. One ate 1" grub (?) in top of oak tree. Cello: what (tickup! - tail raised 30° upside); about note d-e. In flight, sounding notes e-d-a-g-f (in 2 secs.), possibly synchronized w. wings. 2 sat 2' apart are calling (gray breast). Tail tips white spots conspicuous in flight. Sometimes gave slurred whistling rising note, g-b6, w/o tickup. About 1/2 hr. later 2 trogons (probably same) perched near our camp first 1/4 mile below forest site. / Saw feline (coyote?) flopping over

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Koford Journal 16 October 1968 canyon about (7 15, going W. / Yesterday saw rock squirrel near Mestero bridgewater, & new flower - not blooming yet, nor discovered. In early afternoon, fairly warm, but generally cool all day. 17 October 1968. Cold clear night; a few Strix calls. Prepared opening for canyon Then hiked up cany and to cabana in Mestero ; left 12 30 / About mile upstream met 3 cactus trogons, calling in pairs and other than canyon bottom, open vegetation at least 2 or of. / Don flushed a jiv Acipita near trail. Chipmunk near old sawmill site (2 mi. from camp). / Mod crop came (c. 6/sq. ft.) under white oak. We walked to E past north of Ojots (to N) and up logging road to new crect. E. edge crest 14:40. Started low ridge to SE toward cabin. Entered stand of piñon w/ good nut crop, many opened nuts on ground. Saw several Clarke nutcrackers in piñons, and Jim Ellis collected one (very fat; prob. jiv. 07). New bird for Sierra del Nido list! / We came upon a jiv. Cystonyx perched atop a 1' rock on grassy slope; Ellis shot it. As we marched forward, about 12 flushed, and later 2 and 2 - not sure which were adults. / Reached cabin at 1710, 5 ½ mi. from camp on pedestrian; 7300' indicated elev. Saw 2 single lute about 7 p.m. Heard Strix calling across canyon. (5. Hermon had seen Glaucidium about 5 p.m.) Clear, cold night. 18 October 1968. Turkey calls (no gobblers) down canyon in morning; 3 parakeets flew over cliffs opposite. At 08:30 I left for Ojotes de Yegua. Walked past old MV2 campsite - stream running well. Under oak pine (forests of 3, 5" nutlike) nuts with stubby spines) about 50 cover of green grass, freshly eaten (Sericea). 09:05, about 1 mile E. of cabin, apparent bear dropping perhaps 2 wks. old. Black matrix, loose, full of stones & shells; about 6" x 12" (later photos). This 15 yds. from stream or old logging road. / 09:35, 2 mi. from cabin, 100+ small copros on E. side stream below cliffs (leaves yellow now). Fair nut crop under white oaks (leaves yellowing browning, dropping.) / 1000, 2 ¼ mi., out onto 100' yd. grass,

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Koford Journal 8 México 18 October 1968. Mesteno Canyon, Sierra del Nido, Chih., "sammie flat." Many old boards in grass, and 100+ of these pushed aside or turned over recently, since plant growth stopped - lean? Took h. fork to hunt any water spotty. I took canyon to R. | flushed song of half grown Cystisus: in grass near bottom. About 10 jars. Ad. D & F stayed on ground; D came toward me on log, wings lowered & fluttering. a "bubble bubble - bursting" call repeated. I walked away, x D flew to catch up. | Explored upper dry streambed, then went to W. I flushed bandtailed pigeon from nest with eggs! Found a lean dropping - 3 pieces, well-formed, 1 3/4" x 3 1/2", mostly manganite leaves (+ twigs, leaves) plus one large needle. | 4 jars. (yellow prog, hills) Aphelocoma shrikes in pines close to me. Saw 1 chipmunk (no liberation yet). Back to hunt stub (12/12) and took fork to W, where poor trail after 10 min., water in streambed. Cut up trail to W toward cliffs + trees and arrived at Ojos de la Yegua (1227). It was a 10' diameter @ trough of clear water, by a "20" "santa" for fired. big oak & ash near. | abundant deer tracks in mud, but none of slab or bears. Still no jays, gopher burrows, don'ttails, woodrats (rods). Foggy day slope for 100+ yds., + trail leading N. toward divide. Mod. crop oocams on big live oak (3" ovate leaves, undulate margins; acorn mostly purple). | 12:55, started back to cabin. 1330, sammie flat - then through closed canyon. Some "blue oak" had heavy crop small acorns beneath. Arrived cabin 1500 - 3.5 mi. from ojo de pedern etc. | During day, Norman and Ellie saw go-back with squirrel prey in Mesteno canyon. A few rock squirrels active. | Set up bat net near cabin and saw a bat near. Found no bats in attic by day (but one in rain room evening). 19 October 1968. Cold clear night, no frost. A group of 14 parrot flies, calling, over cliffs opposite cabin; don't half landed atop rocky parapet. Nuttall's called loudly near cabin. | We departed for dawn. First walked about 1/2 mile N., then up canyon to NW (cliffy sides) to top, arriving 0930, 2.3 mi. from cabin (This ridge continues with Mesa de los Venados to N.). Sammie flat (of A. del Alma)

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Koford 9 Journal Mexico 19 October, 1968. To Loren, A. del Arco, S. del Nido Chihuahua, June 205." Departed summit 0950-15 min. to canyon bottom, then 45 to summit fleet. Near mouth Ojito, a group of 10 (+) turkeys walked across trail 40 yds. ahead of me, showing no alarm. At least 8 were uniform size & appearance, prob- different, ably juveniles. None of leading few was exceptionally large & so probably no gobbles present. Perhaps had come from water in Ojito. No calls. They catin- med upslope. Saw Ephelbians, canyon way, 3/4 m-something on way back to Llano. Arrived 1140. Could walk this route from colin in 3 hrs. with packs. /5/2 cum- ulus clouds; light breeze. /Washed up, prepared specimens. 20 October 1968. Sunday. Prepared to leave Llano. Drove 5 mi. down road to (Yr.-both did nearly) about 25 yrs. ? Reptors. Urbano Yea won there, & we talked with him. They had had ranch about 18 yrs. Had given 2 logging permits. Had to divide ranch because of "operatives"; it had to give 250 ac. & trees, but now expected clean title soon. He had been to college in U.S. (at Los Ganes ?) and studied some wildlife conservation. Married [illegible] in his father in law. They have been unable to borrow money on the ranch be- cause lacked final title, but could borrow a cattle. /Poachers a problem as is insufficient men to patrol, but try to protect game. They allow a Menominee friend to shoot a turkey or two occasionally; he was then recently (turkey season opens Jan. 1, I think). He thought the area of Lobano + to N. the best for game in S. del Nido. /When [illegible] person put out (6'?), Luis (see- [actually brother of Lucio] grizzly down ent foreman at Paspitos) had seen the bear, but was afraid to shoot it. Several of more shot then or later. /Yea showed us 5 skins of pine and 3 of wolf from the ranch, all in hides mounted on skine. He thought them very valuable. He had photo of Isaiah Garcia with grizzly shot in C. de la Molena 10/23/1957. Had- written on four was: 329 kg. 220 days, 225 centuro, 27 cm [illegible] 9 cm. skin /Yea seemed willing to let me use all facilities of the ranch. Apparently he would spend most time in driving at the leather store. /We drove on to Cancl de Barre & stopped at "51" store. Then on to kind of twenty

Draw to Mission Lhys. Draw 0 rough 1 Flat to L; road to R. 1.4 Red rocks, W. 2.4 Pond 3.3 Ranch 4.9 Zea cattle g. 0 pond, E. 2.6 mi. Lake, W 4.3 leave gate 5.2 cattle g. 8.9 Sharp & turn 9.2 (in bottom, near presa dam) uphill to E. 9.5 Canal de Bravo 10.2 cattle g. 13.0 Cruck 15.1 "51" Stne 16.3 Turn S 18.8 Turn E 24.9 Primavera 43.7 Asoglo 49.9 cattle g. 51.8 La Parita 54.9 (from Zea cattle.)

Coford 18 Journal 20 October 1968. To Santa Clara Canyon, S. del Nido, Chihuahua. Clara Canyon & camped. Near Cinal de B: saw Marsh Hawks. Soon after we camped a pickup stopped near us; the man asked if we were hunters; it was his ranch, Monte Negro, we were camped on. It was Mr. Bailey, & he knew of my work here & we parted friendly (deer season opened about a week ago). He knew of no deers in his ranch, but thought Canyon de los Cactus a good possibility. 21 October 1968. New camp saw chipmunk, popauba, collected a few live mice in live traps (for Davis collection). Then drove down canyon observing geys. Just above Prudentia saw a Pyrrhula in bushes in dry area. Tanager brown {Rw-92} rancher that area. Drove on to about 5 mi. shot of La Pinta & collected small fish in Canyon Ozumo. Then drove on to gate to La Cauderica (driving to El Sur for gasoline). We heard her saw black-throated sparrow and other birds, mosquito-like, shrike, marsh hawks. Drove on to Prudentia's height, then turned S. del Nido height. Saw 3 marsh hawks, sparrow hawk, mourning dove, meadow lark, bank sparrow, scaled quail, & others. (Herman shot a scaled quail weighing only 76 gms.) Quail rare in savanjas in grass among branched cactuses. We drove on W. to C. de la Moderna coyote. Along road frequently saw large Dipodomys (prob. spectabilis). A jav. Bubo landed on roof in front of car repeatedly, flying only 10-20' each time, following car to approach within a few feet. Met Julio Loquette, who owns ranch. He was eager to show us a dam, & they had built dams. He wanted to introduce other kinds of animals, and I tried to discourage him. He wanted to poison rodents, kill coypus. ranch But friendly & talkative (in English), & offered full cooperation of ranch facil- ities. He, too, was sting on keeping hunters out. He liked wildlife and wanted to encourage it. He said a herd of about 18 Antilocapra in zone to N. of Lobos. Idencia height. Herman caught big Dipus in live trap by road. 22 October 1968. Cool, clear calm night. We walked up C. de la Moderna to water pile. Road badly washed & probably impossible to drive. We went up the

(ganig N) "Km. 92" La Parita 6 Oldreilawet, k108 4.1 mi. Tram R 5.2 (Km 176 5/8) km 176 9 7.5 bluegate h 8.6 Provi'd. settleq. 10.8 (= Km 1774 1/2) gate 32.8mi; From here; same road by. 7.1 mi. Franranby, pipe gate - ; settleq. 5.1 mi.; woodgate, 9.4mi. (then turn S. toward El Nido bylto.)

Koford Journal 22 October 1968 C. de la Madera, S. del Nido, Chihuahua, Mex. W. canyon where bear sign abundant in August, but found no fresh signs. The old droppings now flat, & seeds (pine) were seedlings. Spots of water in this tributary; no water in main Mader canyon. In side canyon near bottom I flushed 12+ Montezuma quail. Then I went about 1 hr. up main canyon to scout for bear sign. Rather lifeless now, but moderate deer sign present; some ground fur. Usual Apachesaurus, Cyanocitta, & Cypioles. Mostly short elongate leaf oak (Quercus?), whitish bloom. 1 about 300 yds. S. of the pile, flushed 10+ Montezuma quail; all flew N, & apparently all together. No hummingbirds. Few flycatchers. Some wren, warbler, junco. Drove back to float Cator del Nido & camped. 23 October 1968: Cool, clear, calm night. Coyote chorus. Unsurprised and well. Herman trapped a Dipodomys nearby. Departed early for Pradera Heights, to see antelope. Fortino sent Manuel Moya (sp?) with us; he said he had seen two small groups 2 days ago, & recently saw at least near where he saw them. Moya said he saw 3 with 2 kids. We drove toward "Los Indios" and found none in 3/4 hr. Moya said for farther S., in canyon, he always saw them - just for lack of time. Best branch of this road went to a reservoir at La Teresa (sp?); Moya said 6" fish & axolotl there. We saw several ducks in small preserve passed. Cliff-tipped compression violet hid on plain called Cerro Chileno - Herman thought it likely place for falcons. Moya had great interest in wildlife & hunting, but said no bears at that end of ranch. He had heard that Capanosa, a vaquero, had seen tracks near Los Fresnos a few days ago. Fortino, like others, thought that we planned to bring bears in if we found more. 1 Herman & Ellis left for Juarez and Duran, taking bird skins, live mammals in tops, & some herps in formol. 1 I drove to Ranchos del Nido. Food worked out; below house, so return needed. At ranch no one except 2 vaqueros. Capanosa said the bear track was a single one and did not have long claws. He had

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C. Koford Journal 23 October 1968 (Wed.) Rancho del Nido, S. del Nido, Chik, No other sign since my previous visit, but thought they were in high canyon near the summit ruin. No sign in canyon to L., going toward summit peak (via El Tiñidero) were caves where bears slept. Corrales, the best guide, had left ranch & was working in mines on Rincon del Alamo. No women or children here now, just the 2 men. / I drove 1/2 mile up O. Las Varas & camped at foot Virgin tributary. No water in either stream. But occasional pools in lower del Nido canyon (1/2 mile above houses). On sand in bottom, at hot time of day, I saw snake tracks & followed them to a boulder beneath which was a Cottontail mouse. Not stomach empty. This is first rattler I have seen this month. Like other rattlesnake, but struck repeatedly at stick. Acorn crop very good in lower canyon. But much drier than in mid-August. Otter very active & Enteric active. / Yesterday, about noon, 200 yds. N. of La Cordura highwater, I saw a prairie falcon dive at a native Cooper Hawk. Saw 2 ranch hawker -- ground by a preste. 24 October 1968. Thurs. Cold clear night. / Bernayson in S live trap set; she was pregnant (CBK 3824). Departed up Virgin Canyon at 0815. Creek dry for 50 min.; where branch entered from W., then some running water. 0920, I found old but fresh deer dropping containing nuts & fruit, about 50' flowing from stream or flat among oaks. 0955/6 300' N.E. alt., 4 mi. a pedometer, another deer dropping consisting mainly of twisted plant (leaf of grass?) fibers, + some cones (fungus a; not fed). 1030, 3.3 mi., 6600' i. a., turn S.W. (near cliffs to S.). Many Mexican jays; gps. 6-10 w. yellow box billy. No water in this area. Found many cove rows eaten by deer on under yellow fever. Went shot way up branch to S., (CBK No. 3829) then up main canyon to 1315, 7100', pedon. 9.0 mi. Skto y.-b. reproduction. / Deer -- in shady canyon bottom, one jumped from 20' up in oak to pine trunk & ran up. I fired, and another jumped, horizontally, to ground

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Koford Journal 24 October 1968 Higuera Canyon, R. del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico. from the oak, 4 now are left down from lower branch (25') of the pine. They run off in the brush. More cone cover here than anywhere I have been in R. del Nido!! Flushed band-tailed pigeon from nest with a large pin-feathered-gub. Late breeding! Nest only 5' up in small oak. | Much evidence heavy working in canyon, & a recent slide about 100 x 50 yds., completely barring ground, to 5. near terminal point of hike. | At about 700'd I saw that a rock had been moved, searched flat nearby & found pile of dropping bear, fairly fresh (2 whe.?). Mostly manzanita berries; no horn apparent. | Later flushed a skua on ground under another bush; along its flight path I found a tuft of plant fibers, like thistle down. | Took a n.t. beargrubs few under a clumpden; it had gone down hole by large clump grass (CRK3828). (Keyset alin & photod.)| About 1510 I was again heading N. down main canyon. Saw Odosileus on slope. Saw no quail. Reached camp 1710, climbing 196 or pedonite. 25 October 1968. Fri. Cool clear night. Departed 0830 up C. los Vares, which had descended in August. Day until about 1 mi. from camp; the running water, about 3' wide, w. pools large enough to swim. As before, cattle a nuisance as they ran ahead up narrow canyon, at first 4-5, later 12 or so. about streamed 1 hr. out, strewned dry; later ran again for 1/2 hr., then stopped. Shot juv. Cooper Hawk in pine (described). | About 1100, canyon narrowed & bottom looked better for bears; lost cattle; the trees clunkant. About 6400'here, 10 mi. or pedonite. Conifers, oaks, shrubs in bottom. Occasional five straightyegrene (cover nature & speed) By 1200, more open & dry (end of August trip), & at 1210 reached Ej. Las Yaras bordered into fire, prob. boundary of Mexico-Nepa. 10 min. farther S. to good running wate. Many lizards out on rocks. about 6500' attempt palon. 12.6 mi., I turned back N. On way shot a bridled titmouse, the first I have seen here. Chichudes fairly common. Mixed flocks small birds moving rapidly through canopy. Shot a juv. sharpshin hawk near bottom. Flushed 10+ quail [CRK3826]

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Koford 1f Journal 25 October 1968 C. Los Caras, Rte 1 Nido Chihuahua, Mexico (Cuyamcs), including no obvious adult or or all full grown and all west of one. Later, about 2 mi above canyon, heard quail calls, whistling 139; initiated whistle & a jive came atop a boulder near me. / Both at camp 1730 having clocked 26.6 on pedometer. Act no tropes. Warm this evening. 26 October 1968 Sat. Drop specimens & moved camp 1.3 mile up C de Nido (from Los Caras fork), to location by "keyhole" cliffs. Departed 1435 for hike to summit & overnight stay there. 1515, reached stone hut essentially end of jeep road up El Tinderos. Went for 10 mi beyond (6400' a.s.l.). Copious acorn crops on ground in lower canyon. 1600, 6900', 3.7 mi pedometer, a canyon w. evidence high water, bridging dog jawes, exited from W. Main canyon must have had well to wall (100') flood; trail completely gone in many sections. Washed sand good for trackin, but none of wolf, lion, deer. 1735, reached join on trail, 8000 ft., 6.0 mi. from camp. Pleasant little stand pine here, & a large bear dropping Lotta mainly manzanita (abundant in vicinity), and seemed to have sound dropping (darkish, finer texture) atop first, as if from successive deposits. Perhaps only a few days old. No hair apparent in it. / Camped nearby; clear night but noticed intermittent light breeze. Wipers curious clouds eve. (a rest morning). No owls or coyoter heard. Several acres law manzanita here, some with many sweet drain berries attached. 27 October 1968 Sun. Clear days; light breeze. Departed summit area camp @ 15 and went down draw (Mezino drainage) to SW. Found small good 1/4 mile lawn, as in July. Continued down this canyon to jet with another branch (the one where camped in July), 2.5 mi. from camp, 7700' a.s.l. Heard Steller jays, junicos, acorn woodpeckers, small greenish warrio. Aspen and ash yellow; some of from leafless now. Some oaks also yellow or brown-leaved. Water intermittent in bottom. By one pool, found deer and uppermost wolf. Though latter several pieces in loose sand by streambed. 0945, 3.1 mi., where cubbed dry for a few hundred yards, a

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Koford 15 Journal 27 October 1968. Upper Mesterio R., S. de Nido, Chih., Mexico Many droppings in center streambed. Formed, block, with many oream shells. (First dropping found crushed; previously, nearly on nearly flats.) ¼ mile beyond, a narrow foot trail up slope, 50 yds. from stream, a similar dropping w/ oreams. Plestio's dump, says? Old. Nearly color few & discolored, with oaram rare length - so may mean bear came up from below. 1025, 73 mi, another pily, w/ oream, in rocky streambed. Again dump, but moisture settled. And another 50's in dry erode bottom. Another 100' on, & another 100 yds. on. Last included mangazite nails, w/ fresh green leaves & some green berries (collected). Plotted 2 droppings in situ.) Adjacent area mainly low oolite brink, but mangazite 500 yds. upslope. 1100, 5.7 mi., 7400' is., another of mangazite in erodibles; a small block dropping, on of fox atop it. Mod. dry, but included green mangazite williamson (J3830) from (cat.) J3831. leaves. Saw of fallen saprobule, redtailed hawk in canyon. 1115, another dropping w/ oreams, same caliber (about 2"), 30 yds. from dry streambed. And 1120 another, tail on faint trail up, gone 100' from stream - this one contained both oream & mangazite. About 16" of dropping, on 2" diam. 1130, 5.75 mi., came to the flat w/ old timber, prob. remains of sawmill. A broad canyon leads NW (rock turns to SW). Saw [Later heard shot to W.; heard hewton were at colato area?] water pools here. Found dead Catobleu w/ head cut off (hunter's work?). Kept on to 7 1200, when steep dry canyon leads ENE & Mesterio narrows & turns SW (6.3 mi, 7300'). A weak trail starts up W. bank & seems to lead toward Ojo de la Yegua area. 1215, started back N., slowly, near streambed, searching for tracks. 1315, in wet sand dry pools, 3 bear tracks in fair condition. Claws about 1-2 in., and one hindfoot measured about 5" wide by 9" long. Obviously dust rein; perhaps within a day. 1435, about 5 miles on back track, came to branch where descended & this time took W. fork (by old divisors). Continued up to rim (1515, 7900'). Then toward camp across saddle on N. side rim - the long way around. Reached camp 1700. 15.7 mi. or pedestrian. [Took Penoyacua, cat no. 3832] Camped same spot; set 1 snags top near rocks & trees... Clear calm evening.

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C Koford 16 Journal 20 October 1968 Departed 0830 for hike to summit along rim. Arrived 0945; 2 ¼ mi. by pedometer. No bear sign on route. Summit in line with the band of trees across plain from R. el Nido, about 028°. At top, Presbitrya, sugar pine, yellow pine, oak shrub, bunch grass. N.d. of Olmos drainage to SE of summit about 2 mi. Returned to summit camp (1110). Found dried carcass of Odocoileus spiki in wheat, well-eaten. Descended El Tordito. Saw Odocoileus ?spiki, standing at 50 m., 1315, near big rock from W. store hut 1400, + on to "keybali" camp. Voguine, Rodriguez, dropped by. He had been here a year & had seen black bear in Los Varas & El Nido canyons, but had never seen a deer (nor Espinosa, the other vaguines). 29 October 1968. Departed 0900 for La Providencia, where talked with Fati. Collected a snake clay root (CBK No. 38374) and a shrub (CBK No. 3833). Thence to Chihuahua, where talked with Don Guillerto Musguin. He has received donation of fence wire to keep deer on his ranch W. of Chihuahua. Received copy of the Tabor whitetail monograph (Jim Tabor, et al) for him, & one on golden quail for Jane Davies. Talked with last in affair. He said de la Torre (?), jefe of the delegacion in Juarez, had released 3 or 4 black bear on rancho Monte Negra; also that Crosby had later seen them (?) near ranchhouse plain (released near). I explained dangers of releasing bears where there were already native bears to Davison. He seemed to understand, but wanted written statement from me, as he felt he had no influence. Apparently Fernando Hernandez Crego favored the release.) Shopped, & drove back to La Parita; camp. 30 October 1968. Wed. Drove up Santa Clara road to finda 51 and on to Rancho Merlinos. (Met Juan B. en route; he said some Americans, hunting, was at the cabana. Also said about 4 years ago a bear trooped up canyon from Floran; he said it was "muy bonita" and he thought it a "platex." (He will try to locate the cuero.) / Citeline still out along Santa Clara Canyon road. my. or sent Dip of 6 small jays on ridge near cedar. 16.2 mi. from cattleguards W. of La Parita fruit

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C. Koford 17 Journal 30 October 1968 To Rancho "El Mestazo", S. del Nido, Chib., Mexico to edge plain (cattle guard) at top. From there to Canal de Baños, 28 miles. Visited Raynal ranch briefly; Armands (Ameva) reported Saturday. In bottom to W. of C. de Baños, found dried carcass of Andes bison, & sawd also only going toward Mestizo ranch, grass still green in level 3-4". Canal to Mestizo cattle guard, 10 miles. [Illegible] no Agriphoma no Lupine along the road! Also all C. spilosoma on plains of Providence were gone, & nowhere covered with weeds (saw only 1 animal in several evenings). Lack of Lupine due to high grass? (saw a few at night, mid-October). To ranch lodge, + up to Cano, then on 1/2 mile on unmud road. Hurting back throwing boulders off road, as camped about 1/4 mile above Semmill flat (where would have had much better camping, & a water hole). Clear, cold evening. 31 October 1968. Frost last night, + tracks frozen; couldn't yet. Tried hike (CBK no. 3835) but back too sore. Collected Cordellia woodland near Semmill flat, when saw them last summer. Day clear, mod. breeze. Do saw at least 3 Ctenice in 1/2 hr. in Semmill area. Set 3 live traps canyon bottom on rocks, logs, rocks. 1 November 1968. Frosty morning. Traps held 3 Peromyscus (nos. 3838, 3839). Back still painful, but could walk slowly. Went up Arroyo del Alamo. Saw 3 chipmunks, 1 Cistellus 15, jays, r-s turkey, 2 white juncos, acorn wolphorus, bluebirds, robins, bandtailed pigeons - last in flocks to 20, but occasionally flushed singly from trees. Took W. branch at head canyon & went up to many-anita area. Berries abundant - 50/sq ft. on ground under some buckwheat and sweet; many acres of fairly open stand, with junipers (many fruits) mixed. But found no deer sign. Found lead old road down to C. de la Aniversa (1230). Did not descend, but went E. or Neco to the pass. 2 ravens. No deer but many deer tracks around reservoir, and at head of pool below, large tracks or of turkey or Cathartes. This area at head Ojito draw. Descended this found pool halfway,

mileage m. La Panto For scale on maps. N to 5, ↓ Home to W. 0.0 .6 mi. Blue restaurant (rddy) 4.7mi., S La P. (km 92) 4.7mi. Restaurant km 91 -6 5.3 mi. Arco Iris- & turn L 7.6 mi. Rancho Exp. sign 11.5 mi. La P. to Chihuahua (overhead green signs) 56.5 mi. (turn in to SW) Presidencia, houses to green gate at R El Nido, 9.4mi. Going W- " " to Pajarito gate, 2.7mi.

C. Koford 18 Journal Mexico. 1 November 1968 Arroyo del Horno, S. de Nde, Chihuahua. dawn. Calli canyon was in bottom (no. 3837). Closed Lake canyon bottom with Louis laurelly, large oaks. Returned to camp. 2 November 1968. Heavy frost. Back pain moderate. Departed 0915 w minimal gear and ascended to Mesa de los Venados via trail to NW of summit. Jumped a fine clinch in oak-grass area. Bolines in ripe madrones. Reaches the passa 1020. Saw w-b muthatch. Calm & clear (but always some haze). At humpin NE corner mesa 1055 (5.0 mi. estimate). Then to pass above Ojo de los Venados, where found a recent dropping of thorn, containing acorn shells & manzanilla seeds (photo). On a trail within 50yds. effect same - bears seem to prefer some route as humans; bottomy trails, edge near, passes. Continued E. atop divide (new ground forms). ascended to fine ring-grazed bunchgrass gentle slope w. open stand yellow x (Hairy woodpecker seen.) sugar-pines; about 10 acre mesa; few weeds. Down to a pass (could see roof of Jee calvin to S.), up to knoll of low oak brush, down to pass. Then found bear dropping, probably week old, all manzanita. Up another bump & down, then over rocky narrow peak, down to pass, & up final ascent to flattish top of Alto Mestizo. This mesa had been logged; bunchgrass + low oak brush mostly new. Inaccessible to livestock. Many small diggings as of shrubs. Direct view of plains & hills to N, & could see roof of Laguna Encilla. Probably about 9000'. Top reaches 1330', 7.5 mi. from camp. 1350', started down to N into A. delos Animas - steep, dry, open stand 50-100' conifers, & unlogged. Worked downstream near bottom. About 1500' wate commenced; intermittent pools. 1520', found bear dropping on each side streamed near aspens. One blocky w. acorn shells. Other also included manzanita & dry grasses. Both moldy but well formed. Soft ground for trails rare. Oak, oakly bunchgrass benches, small willow near streambed. By (Pygmy muthatch in scrifers.) 4p.m., stream running fairly continuously; fragments of built trail. Bear sign grazing. In wet sand found fresh track - probably Felis o Lupus.

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C. Koford 19 Journal 2 November 1968 A. de las Animas, S. de Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico 1630, water stopped. 1700, opposite E. end of central ridge dividing N & S branch of canyon (S arm was direct to h.d. C. de la Madera, x pub for better for beans). some fair stands aspen, beautifully clean yellow now. Apparently had mis- ed trail up, so started angling up to S. toward mesa. Took 70 min. of puffing to arrive -1000' up? Dropped into head of A. del Alamo o.f.t.d.; & heard Bubo calling. Moon about 1 day short of full. Rebased camp 1930. 3 November 1968. Sunday. Cleanup day. Call w-1 mistook. 3 cowboys come by; questioned, as said he saw been taken in lower E.A. de las Animas yesterday; another added wolf and deer too. Moved camp. 4 mi. downstream, where larger sunshine & head of certain creek. This at foot of trail going over hill to N.W. to horn A. de los Animas. I walked this trail 3/4 hr. Barbed wire fence on first (low) ridge. Deer on Los Animas side, & basically juniper - pines - manganite. Dozens acres of manganite, much w. drying berries, & many fox nests near there. (I think in general asaculus saw wolf in July). Returned to camp. Collected a few plant specimens. Clear calm night w. full moon. 4 November 1968. Monday. To Arroyo de las Animas. Departed camp 0750 and walked NW over humps and down to bottom of A. de los Animas. At tributary junction 0910, 3.9 mi., 7100' (camp 7400). Bottom in boulders stream work - tributaries dry flush- ed by grassy benches, pines, blue oak & live oaks, junipers, ash. Many cattle trails & droppings (the cattle close down now). Below junction, running water, and flood plain 50 yds. wide between cliff walls. "Navajo" rock pillars & form- ations. Good trail up bottom of main canyon, & water. Groups of chirping Mexican jays, many with partly yellow bills. One short-tailed grayish jay which could hardly fly - late breeding! Occasional sandy spots, but no dead trees. about 2 mi. upstream, water stopped. 3.3 up, tributary (dry) exited from S. Streambed mainly too rocky for trade. Constantly searched for bean droppings but found none. About 5 miles up, running water, & 5.6 mi. (pedestals), ```R

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C Koford 20 Journal M\'exico 4 November 1968 A de las Animas 3. del Nido, Chihuahua, 1040, came to half fallen board cabin, covered fast tough, or grassy (grama knee high) flat. Beyond, 4 old log cabin remains. Chabacerry brush. Streamed are 6' wide yellowing willow brusher. Water for about 1 mile farther, opposite cliff with 12+ cave (to s). Cirrus -stratus clouds today; 9/10. Occasional core cores on ground (loquina). A wolf sized dropping, including deer hair, was nearly white. the fairly fresh, why are some white? - dog smell. 1125, 7.8 mi upstream, arrived at fork (but I had marked from above on 2 Nov); 7300' Aspen started here. Went up the N. fork (north end of C de la Madre). Now flocked 12 Cyprinns - all froze first or in ground, but visible; then all flew at once together, giving -- call. Saw Odorileum lot, flying four together. 1150, flushed another cover Cyprinny, including at least 1 adult ?; used "bubble breaking" call on flush. 50 yds on, flushed 2 juvs, then 3 w. ad. ? - doubtless same cover. These in bunchy grass in canyon bottom. Water spotty line; running 2' wide stream farther up. This fork rather narrow + steep sided. I continued on in bottom for 1.8 mi above fork (13.5 from camp), at 7400'. Looked & returned downstream, living 1245, meaning to look for bear sign or way - but found none. This times junction 2.2 mi, cabin about 2.1 farther, lower jet. 7.8 miles upper, + 15 mi. to camp. In ascending slope thru blue oak - many- anita - pinon - juniper area, flushed 10+ Cyprinny; again including an adult male. The covers seen today; all members fly well. On this slope I also found a big Neotoma nest under a 6' boulder. The steers, cows, & cattle dropping were stacked up on all sides as as to fill gap between ground and edge of rock. This is only such nest I have seen here so far. / Pelometh is set at 30"; may be 15% different in going & coming same route; reads highest when ground rough & steps shot; may be 25% higher than true, but more reliable than watch for distance, as does not include steps. / Saw 2 apparent wolf droppings during day (one included bone fragments), and no net apparent tracks in loose dry sand streamed. But no bear sign.

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CKoford Journal 5 November 1968 Rancho El Mesitago S de Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico ad. (No. 304) Clear night forty morning. 1 Pomerian in 4 live traps set last eve near stream and boulders; 1 jwr too dead discarded. Drove down to ranch headquarters, collecting gross specimens on way. Talked with Juan Baeza. He was not sure when bear killed 16th lead stock (but he - yrs), but thought it was in Mesa de los Vientos. No bear actually known killed them. First four years he saw no bears; then 4 yrs ago, when natural food crops good, about this time year, bears and sign common. Some trapped; some poison put out then, including "palamio" coated on black bean Baeza thought possible grizzly. He recounted having trapped or seeing deer entrails or bait. Another time he put out piece of dead cow poisoned with 1000, or ooh, for a wolf; but bait all eaten up by deer. But no deer reported found dead. No thought none on ranch had seen a bear since 4 years ago. He told of one time when Ramon Pisto offered reward of 500 pesos for a bear (probably black) which was killing cattle. One man tried to trap it and the bear carried off his trap and drag, but was not found. He told story of a black bear which killed cattle; and other times when manner of killing did not suggest wolf (black hindlegs) or lion (which attacks shoulder), but attacked short of cow. Apparently he had never seen a grizzly, deer alive (except possibly the trapped "palamio"). I drove on road from headquarters N to C. las Animas, 3 miles. Then talked with 2 men at adobe hut. One had big rifle, & there was remains of 3a & deer on ground, a dead coyote in fence. Hurin said he had trapped wildcat recently too. He said he had been here 7 months & had walked about a lot but had not seen any bear tracks or droppings, no turkeys, rare trace lion and wolf, but seemed to know the common animals, jorbs and gorillas, but no moposhe. I drove about 1 mile up canyon. Bottom flat & wide, with pine, ooh, brush. Water spotty in streambed. Returning to ranch, saw marsh lands, & near headquarters adult Cooper hawk circling above. Again talked w/ Baeza, then drove to settled 21

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C Blanford Journal Mexico 5 November 1968. Rancho El Mosteño, S de Mdy Chihuahua, at ranch entrance and about 3 miles W to gate, where camped. Borgia said some people party had been deer hunting lately; a second party of Americans now at Colorado; but none had reported seeing a deer. (Celestino Barona of El del Llano is father of Borgia's wife.) 6 November 1968. Cool clear calm morning. Drove down road collecting grasses. Very dry aspect. Visited Rancho Pargator headquarters then 50 storey and drove on to Rancho El Alamo in C. del Alamo to camp. This is about 7¼ miles off of main road. (6900' altitude) Camped 1/4 mile close ranch house. Food used out ½ mile farther on, & under ½ mile beyond that. Canyon similar to Mosteño below Colorado. Stream clear and running well. Walked about 2 miles up C. Escobedo, which runs N, starting near ranch house; spotty water, no deer sign. 7 November 1968. Clear frosty morning. Departed camp 0800 and walked up stream. About 3 mi., barbed wire fence & tributary to N. 4 mi., dry branch goes E, main canyon to N. Boulders bottom, cliff side, peave & coke on flood plain, & rather shady bottom. No cattle may, but horse tracks . 0940, 5.2 mi. (elevation from camp, 7100', a main fork, one branch going N., one E., both w. water. I took N. Fork.

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C. Koford 23 Journal Mexico 7 November 1968 Can' del Alamo, S. de N'da, Chihuahua, a time about 50' from me. This is open bunchgrass & pine needle ground / 1 mile up (NE fork of N fork) old bear dropping of mangeante; half formed still on pine needles, 100' from stream bed. 1225, 1.6 mi. up this branch, came to 2 mi. up fork, running water, clear, 2' wide. Went a, 3 mi. (about 12 mi. from camp), where saw high conifer ridges to N. Then turned back. Near (4 mile up) mouth this fork, dry mangeante-filled bear dropping; 50' from stream bed on green & needle flat. Beds near the sawmill flat, an apparent but small dear dropping - lilac'd, w. ocrn shells, but only 1" diameter; or grass under oak's near stream. Entered on to camp, arriving 1610, w. 25. 2 mi. a pedometer. / Most of canyons have old trails, wide, apparently used for logging. Almost no signs grazing within a few mile up Canyon from camp, the last trace (to Mexico?). Areas explored today are just over ridge to E. of Mesteno canyon above Colona. No trees (CBK No 3862) seen. / Took an Porangue this mor in 5 lie tops set among balance a day (S aspect) slope near camp. R. C. del Alamo 8 November 1968. Fri. Cold wind, & alto - cumulus 9/10. Talked w. Delatorre Barera He said that a grizzly (big trache) had killed several cattle about 8 yrs ago, and cattle also killed on Manta Negra and Mesteno ranches. Not known that the grizzly was killed. None seen since. In fact, no bears at all seen during last five years. He has heard of only 2 bear sightings on ranch. [Same as Lopez C. noted?] One of black bear & cubs about 8 yrs ago, not far N of ranch house. One of grizzly & 2 cubs, earlier, to E. He had hunted on ranch with Lopez Escalera but they had found no bears. / Light sprinkle, & started to clear 10 a.m. I set out to N. up C. Escondido, leaving 1015. Went about 3 mi., then into canyon bottom - shady, big oak, pine, rock walls close; but no water. Occurred flood 10-11 Novicos; one mule died & others. 1225, 5.3 mi. from camp (pedometer), canyon forked N and NE. I took N. fork to ridge top,

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ctoford 24 Journal 8 November 1968 C. de/Alamo, S. de/Midy, Chihuahua which reached 1310, 6.5 mi. - in sight (Joa) colona joint across canyon & N/W. Mon- gazite or ridge w. terrain stiff; dry but sweet. 30 dacilen including farm. In thick bunchgrass, carry of quail, 12+, w. 2 or 3 od. ???. 2 flews, + lots mni gp. (skilled across in crop) or it tramped thru grass. A jr. ? weighed 185 gms. / Caught a racoon moving fast thru bunchgrass atop ridge. Collected a solitaire; first seen this fall. Continued partly cloudy, windy. Walked 2 mi. c. or ridge, then (1430) started s. over the rocky, brushy, dry hills; w. small oakm, tall bunchgras. / Flushed a snipe from grass by luck; it flew 100' & landed. Flushed it again; it flew 100 yds. + landed in grass. No water hole, & bird seemed healthy. / Many Sporzeila in oakm. Collected a larger sparrow, which froze as I circled the tree. Then saw an jir Aquila gliding up Alamo Canyon over cliffs - first seen this side of river. Camp at 5 p.m. (5.8 mi. m red sunite). Clean; wind s.later. Cold evening: Sat, 9 November 1968 Heavy frost, + 2" water frozen in coffee pot. Clean. Cleanup and prepare specimens. Departed Alamo ranch / 100 m. past 1/2 mile S. of house had 100+ ducks including several mallard and pintail ???.; most looked like & mallards or Mexican ducks. / Drove to Paragotor ranch house. Near windmill on way saw unidentified bowl - shaped + flight like butter; uniform dark gray above, light below; under wings near white, bordered in black, with conspicuous black blotch at wrists ^ B; base tail white white with tip a broad band of black ^ = ?. / Don Armado had not come, so drove to Mestuno ranch. Urbano Joa was there and we talked again about bears. He said the animal killed by grizzly included a $5000 bull. Also that the grizzly had a regular hunt from Canyon del Alamo to the Santa Clara River. / Hunters now gone, so drove via repared (some barely passable spots) road up Mestuno arroyo to Colono and camped. Heard Stix call shortly before reaching cabin. Saw cottontail in gress by road. B. lagopus

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Koford Journal 10 November 1968 A. de Mesteño, S. de Nido Chihuahua, a Mexico No frost cabin; slight in canyon bottom. Departed 0810 for upper Mesteño. Ltr. 0810, 0910 (4.7 feetm), saunail flat. Both fair day. Aspen trees loose leaves now leafless, apparently frost caused leaf fall. About 10 min. up Mesteño above O. de la Yegua fork, occasional small pool. On rocky bed, bean dropping, acorn hulls mostly dry, no mold, sweet "boy" smell. 20 min. or another of acorns, 2 more within 50 yds (one had some manganite berries), and another pile 50 yds beyond, all in 40' wide dry streambed. One of finer texture w. manganite, together w. one of acorns (used twice, diff. tone?). Searched loose sand but found no tricole. [There are apparently some droppings seen on trip from del Nido side; no new ones.] Continued on NE to fork (leading toward summit), 10 406. 9 mi., 7700' (7400' wind, elk, at cabin). Then climbed to W. towards Vanita canyon. On ridge, good stand mangan- ite bushes w. abundant dry sweet berries. Here we recent bean dropping in open on ridgetop (dry; no mold). Crossed ridge to Vanita 1200 (8.8 mi.). About 20 bit. N. wind today. 1220 in bottom of tributary [the trib from lowest pass at head Mesteño] of Vanita, found 2 piles bean droppings 8' apart (dry; not moldy), man ganite content. Then to main bottom, 46' wide streambed with rare small waterhole. House wrens, junior, jays, spotted towhee seen. About 1 mile downstream, acorn bean droppings in loose pile, 4-50' beyond another, smaller. In bottom, principal oak is desertum white oak, small size; no acorns below, but seeds prominent under some (nuts eaten?). 1330, farther down streambed, 2 more piles acorn type within 100'; there well formed but dry. Also one, of manganite, nearby. 1345, another old bean dropping; seems 4 older one of manganite; both near dry streambed. 1405, start of running water which continued about ½ mile. Dry before (w.O. de Kofordor branch) junction, which I reached at 1435. Then dry 6. to cabin, which reached at

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Koford Journal Mexico. 10 November 1968 A. del Mesteno, 5 del Nido, Chihuahua, 1 1545. Occasionally traces large coyid, 3 1/4

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C. Koford 27 Journal 13 November 1968 Rio Santo Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico, 6500' Talked w/ Juan Baiza & said goodbye. He said Jose Belito of Ortega had a sheep been trapped on ranch 4 yrs. ago. I drove 7 miles S. from cattle- (2 presses) guard; then instead of turning up to L. toward Corral de Beaton, I turned W. toward Rio Santo Clara. Frequent barred lark & road meadow lark common, 3 redtails, several sparrow hawks, & flocker 100+ sparrows (white out tail feather), ravens. 5 miles beyond turn, then colliaguard, & 2 yrs settle lay about 1 mile W.N.W. river. A poor small adobe town. Belito a rugged camp rancher type. He no longer had the cuero, but said it weighed about 90 kilos, gutted, had been about 1'; skotish "lava" being black smoothly and "colado" on sides; jaw then black bone. No hedtrapped me in upper Los Animas, another in upper Mesterio. He also mentioned someone killing one in canyon W. of C. La Medina, and said 3 (no large) period summer of last year on ranch of David Prieto, to N. Also he described something that had puzzled me; in some pines in upper Mesterio & Los Animas, occasional tree is blazed w/ safe and the cut wood drilled w. hole about 3/4" diam., in which some had waxy substance. He said this was poison in "caite" and that it slowly dripped out, poisoning occasional animals. I drove N. to reach D. Prieto ranch. About 4 mi. from Ortega, wooden gate. Another 4 1/2 [ = Rancho Los Animas ] mi. to adobe ranchhouse on tributary near Rio Santo Clara (6100' mid alt). Found no water, the waited (the midday). A yard here had 20+ bald spots. Saw water thrush in streambed (water). Returned to Ortega. Then to about 1 mile E. of cattleguard when road led toward Santo Clara. Soon past adobe settlement (Camposanto?), and after 5 miles forded the river. Here (CBK no. 3863) shot a lne skunkbird. I went straight road, 10 miles to Santa Clara, a larger adobe town. In town, flocker 200+ blackbirds feeding on dry grassy ground-seemed to be mainly Brewer's D' & g., but also studied females (red-winged?). Then to W. & S. about 8 miles to E.W. road and gas

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CB Koford 28 Journal 13 November 1968. N. Rio Santa Clara, Chihuahua Mexico. Store of Monreal (next to Guasavi). Store about .8 mi. E. of this (cattle and food & hardware). Then an E. toward Parapeto. Bridge across Santa Clara (intermittent here) was about 3 miles from store. I looked for old M.V.2 campsite; turnoff was 2.6 mi. from bridge. A new occupied campsite was near site, so camped farther up canyon. Overcast all day w. alto-stratus & cumulus clouds; sprinkled in evening; wind 20 kts. afternoon and blowing gray "tumbleweeds" across plains. Saw no jackrabbits or spilosona along roads today. Heard owls calling on road near Santa Clara Bridge. To Chihuahua 14 November 1968. Rain at night; grew warmer to W. of Santa Clara. Woke to sound of 12+ deer cowbells flying over. Drove to depot E. of Parapeto ranch. Passed pack w. 50+ donkeys. Windy, overcast, cold. Road paralleled store well, 500+ yds. to W. Saw Antler in nearby pond. Talked with Luis, caporal at Parapeto. He said he knew only the plains, not the Sierra, and nothing of bears; it was his brother Jesus, who saw big grizzly in Mistero canyon several years ago. (Dr. Souls, incidentally, is curator of Armando Bayard, latter's own ranch.) Bought an 11 lb. deer here at Monreal camp (about $1/lb.). Then looked for and down Santa Clara canyon. Cold, overcast, & drizzle continued. Altimeter registered 7300' at head canyon; climbing at least 400' high, pickups in part due to storm. Proceeded to Los Varas and drove down to Los Varas. Talked with locals, who said road extended only 1 km. up C. de los Pintos now, since summer storms. This canyon borders Nento Negra & El Alamo ranches, and lower part is on Ejido Los Varas. Then drove back about a mile and entered Manta Negra ranch, where talked with the caporal. He had been here 4 years and had never seen a bear, though he said vagueros sometimes saw tracks. He said that 2 black bears from the state had been released in Novia canyon about June, at start rains. One man had reported seeing them and had said they

Santa Clara area- gas sta. D.O (+ quesaria just m) store 04 .8 L 45° 1.4 R 45 1.6 L 45 1.8 R 45 2.0 Garage, R 2.7 45°h 3.5 45° 4.2 R 45° 4.3 Then, no houses River 4.8 College. 6.6 Than 5, 90° Bridge 5.8 Fork (to old camp) 8.4

CBKoford 29 Journal 14 November 1968 C. Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico wee tame. No other reporte. No thought that the Americanos (meaning me, unknown to him) had released the bears. Only he & son ran on the ranch, but he offered horse, feed, y "todo facilidades" to me. | Drove a day to La [okm. 923] Panita, 10.4 mi. from Los Vase (cattleguard 2.6 mi. W of L.P.). Then 10 miles S. to entrance Rancho 45 (about 10 mile E across plain) and Los Vase, owned by A. Raynol. This I talked with Jesus, who told me about seeing grizzly at bull in Mestero canyon, about 1 km. above Kolim, about 10 years ago. Testicles partly eaten and a hole in chest; bull soon died. He told me piece ground across road, at mouth Campora canyon, owned by Maximiliano Sierve of Chihuahua. Samilietre, next ranch to N. of Rancho Elp, owned by Teroya. | Las Vase, small ranch, has much gatuna and spilosoma wounds, desert lice, scaled quail, and sandhill crane (on ground or if feeding). Also a large pond lined with cottails. Jesus said he sometimes saw small "ganza blanca" (=cottails shy gradually cleared?) there. Saw cotton-tails in evening. Set out 5 live traps; camped. 15 November 1968. Cool night, and clear. Traps held Peromyscus and Neotoma. Met Teroya on road; he offered cooperation; said his ranch included lower C. del Muleto. He thought no bears were there. Jesus thought lower C. Campora very poor in animals, and he had heard from Caporal of Oscar Ruiz ranch (R. Campora) that there were only wolves there - one killed in area 2 days ago, he said. Ruiz ranch entered thru Nueva Saniquipa; reached via Peters Canyon road to S. at km. 54 (N. of Chihuahua). | Drove to Chihuahua. Talked with A. Raynol. Then Jose Damian. He telephoned Sieve & got permission for me to work on his ranch. Stopped. Then called in Gilbertt Mungay, who invited me for mediano on his ranch, Las Tierras, 21/2 W of Chihuahua. Stayed overnight.

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Koford 30 Journal 16 November 1968 NW of Chihuahua, Mexico Majalco Departs 0600 from Chihuahua in Musquiz jeep. Draw N. to Majalco road, then on bad road to W. Stopped at Cumbre de Majalco Sangreza, a National Park. Many private sierras houses built there. A small town of ugly adobes in poor repair. Apple orchards and livestock in some places. Some rock formations painted up with furniture. This was piñon-juniper zone, with blocky rock formations, and said to be very popular in summer. The ranch was 14 miles W. of this. Arrived about 1030. Ranch in oaks - juniper - yellow pine, oak-yucca - Bouteloua hilly zone and comprised about 9000 hectares. Fine rock formations. About 500 head cattle. Perhaps 1/8 acres in oats, the rest arable grain. Found four deer traces, but Musquiz plans to fence about 3500 acres with 7 deep deer-proof fence and import some whitetails to stock it. Fence not really started except posts cut. Several large grazers make good water holes in canyons. We drove jeep road up and down across north but saw no deer, quail, or turkeys— all scarce; a last puma absent. If M. can develop wildlife through habitat improvement, it would be good demonstration area. [Majalco] [This place about 25 mi. WSW of La Porrita] an old hunter at Sangreza said some rather tame black bears there, but no grizzlies. He thought there were some in Sierra del Nido to N. Then he told of a hunter logging a "tigre," with spots, in this region; he had seen photos of it. He said he had killed about 25 bears in his lifetime. (Hmmm!) (Shelley, Croke no.) In evening, squealed in a Urocoya or which Dr. Gilbert shot; prairie falcon. 17 November 1968. Sunday. Saw 10+ ducks, probably diving and mallard, on pond 1/2 mile S. of ranch house. Kingfisher flew over. Chipmunks still active. Walked talked, and in p.m. drove back to Chihuahua; about 40 km.

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Koford Journal 17 November 1968 NW of Tubuwa, Chih, Mexico To highway, at dawn, 32. At one point saw a fox in brushy fields at side, at night. I squashed and it ran toward me, to about 20 yds. Stayed w/ Gray M. 18 November 1968. Mon. In city, shopped, picked up and answered mail. Telephoned Oscar Ruiz, and received permission and instructions for going to his ranch, La Campora, via Cuyca Santa Clara and S. via campamentos Irineo. 33. Apparently tricky + rough road. He advised his caporal, Irineo Ruiz, at Rancho Nereadero, to help me. Drove N. to Nereadero and talked w/ Irineo; he will ride horse directly W. up Campora Cuyca to the ranch, while I go by road. He and Oscar both said bears and trushes had been seen there, but apparently black bears. Ranch lies S. of Monte Negro, E. of Missionary camp. Canyon (7:00 indicated clear at c.g.) I drove up Santa Clara Canyon and camped at lead, to N. of estriaguard. 19 November 1968. Tuesday. Started W. on road, and after about 5 mi. (at second pass or I) turned S. toward "camp 33." Wandered about, searching way, and finally went S. a few miles from a pueblo to a concrete presa in streams w/ water, and just beyond took road uphill and to E. (Camp 33 apparently was down canyon to W. of presa). From I about 25 miles from bd. Santa Clara Canyon by road.) There, about 10 miles rough road to ranch. About 34 there passed 2 old sawmill sites dry good; much scrap and sawdust -- before there a group of olarand olores + corales w/ a black "pila". Refa arrival ranch (a crude sign said "R. Pinolator"), met ranch boy leaving w/ in cart with family, said going to a fiesta or neighboring ranch. He said he saw bear on ranch about July (Irineo later said it was in canyon next to 33) ranchhouse, and down stream to W). He was sure it was "del rambo," and not one of the released ones. No thought all bears there were "negros". I asked length again; he indicated less than 1 long. (Irineo later said he saw one in lead C. Campora about July) Boy (30 yrs.) said he saw trush about April, not since.

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C. Koford 32 Journal 19 November 1968. Rancho La Campana, Chih., Mexico Arrived ranch house (2 stone shower, occasional breeze heater & propane stove) about 1315. Chavez soon came by horse; said he left Hermosus at 0900 and that trail was fairly direct up N. fork of C. La Campana. I walked up & down steep sided canyon just 5/8 of mile. A 100 meter pond at pressure, & water for a few hundred yds. below. Otherwise dry canyons. Cattle browsing & grazing of bunchgrass leaves, but all cattle gone (to Hermosus). They graze here only July to October; then trail to Hermosus, & seldom from there. Vegetation is small oaks (15'), oak brush, penigar, leucba & other pines, rocks, bunchgrass. Much drier than Mesteros canyon, but few number birds - Stellard Mexican jays, junco, towhee, canyon wrens, fleders, hairy woodpecker, ny-la-zap-sucker. Ele. 7400' below. 20 November 1968. Clear & calm night; no frost. With Drines, went by foot via N.E. to ruin of C. Campana, down a rough tributary for a bit to an ojoite, where there was clear year-round running water and 15-20' long pools. I said this only ojo in canyon; he saw been seen last April (approx.), but more severe. Camp burned by lightning fire about 4 yrs ago. Small oaks, few pines, oak brush, bunchgrass - but mostly red rock cliffs, lycuries, and substrate. Another hour downstream brought us to main fork, where much horse sign, remnants old wood, and larger oaks in bottom. Red cliffs about 1000' high some areas. Plain clearly visible a few miles to E.; Drines said about 1 1/2 hrs. from there to Hermosus house. We went a few hundred yards up fork to S., and visited Cueva de los Apaches. This was about 145' long, 60' deep, and 15' high, and lay at foot of cliffs near wash. Ceiling & walls black, as with smoke, but have a few dozen Indian paintings, perhaps made with mud or finger. Some vertebrates represented as well as men and abstract designs. First trying

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Kofad 33 Journal 20 November 1968. Rancho La Campana, Chih, Mexico and lower canyons below it. Shortly beyond trail was a tributary going W, and we crossed it - steep rapid climb. The larger fork to S had no trail; hence not observed by cardonys (we had seen 2 hearty specimens in canes on way down canyon). At this was the main trail up Campana; we arrived at ranch house 16/10. The trail had been rough; washed out in spots - had to dismount and lead horse; tree fallen over trail, etc. Rare deer tracks during day; fox scat and probably coyote; no sign of bear droppings (its looked for them). Little birdlife - I saw no falconiforms at all My legs (especially lower) sore from 8 hrs ride. In evening shot woodpecker in passy canyon to S of house. Cold, clear, calm evening. 21 November 1968. Light foot, and 1/4 calts. Cumulus 3000. With horses, hiked down canyon just S of house for 2 hrs, then up north canyon S., where he had seen bear about July, 1968. Good spots water in first canyon, though mostly dry. Much dead timber; scarcely a cyprus live, many fallen. Few tracks, few birds. South canyon had more tracks (deer, fox), and at one point on bench under oaks I found old apparent-bear droppings; plant fibers and acorn shells. Upstream not scary of 8+ M. quail, including at least one cd. 07. (Juines said for sure, tho he knew them well). Saw no deer. Back at house 1300. Put up 3 birds + prepared to depart. Left 4 pm and drove down to foot Santa Clara canyon, where camped (about 9 p.m.) 22 November 1968. To Rancho Providencia, Chihuahua Drove to km. 42 (La Parita restaurant), then S. to Ranche Experimental, and drove in. Purpose - info and identification grasses. Was met by Guillermos Valdez (P.O. Box 682, Tel. 25635, Bolivar 1000, office no. 4, Chih.), in 20's, who spoke English and had spent a month at Denver Wildlife Research Center (USFWS). He said common grasses: Bouteloua gracilis, hirsuta, scitipendula (dura),

La Parita Puiz ranch Pinosaltos 10 mi. Prozon gate .8 m. camp 1.6 gate canyon 5. w. town cg gate 1.7mi. m. camp 2.5 1.5 1.5 1 1.2 gate Prozon .7 5.3 to summit cg. Lu P. I Rd. to S.C. La Parita (km.92) - (km.1752) S. to start Cero Luis Tien, = 3.1 mi. Km. 92 to R.Experiment entrance = 6.9 mi. Km. 98 restaurant - 4 mi. N. of La Parita.

C. Roford 37 Journal 22 November 1968. Rancho El Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico Trichase californica (deira), Leptochloa dulcis (deira), Andropogon bali- siaris (common natives) (+ 2 individ Andropogona); Setaria macrostachia (sp?) comm.; called "temporaneo." Chief soil - P. amenagi. Local shrubs; Acacia constricta ("goteña"), Prosopae glandulosa (true) and P. juliflora (bunch). He said Prof. Alberto Pérez, Botany Dept., Escuela de Medicina, Univ. of Chihuahua, had only collected Chihuahuan plants, including Rancho Exp. area. The old adobe and church seen to be nearly over extension of Tenaza family; for dblg. inojedó. Tenazas covered millions of hectares. One remains in Alfonso ("Pombo") of Pseudo bacciliferus. / Hadley interested in studying wildlife and rodents; I gave him talk on rodent control, and range rodents in relation to range management. Rather judgy fellow and did not seem too energetic. He and another boy tried to identify my collect. of local grasses and named plant half its species. / Bewer bladi birds in this ranch near barners. Saw a few marsh hawks. Rancho Exp. good place for rodent plots or long term studies, I think. They offered house for overnighting. / Departed for R. Providencia. La Parita weather station is a few miles W. of km. 92 on highway; far out in the open plain.] Backtracking to Ruiz ranch - there was a press. dollar ranchhouse, and Vinos said there was "sardinas" in it (consisted about 8 "). / Km. 92 to Providencia gate = 10.8 mi. Talked with the captain, Fativio. Then to El Nido, where talked Dr. Espinoza and Rodriguez. Former had worked 4 years on Tierrateras and said they had seen lots beavers there; one canyon named C. de los Oros [just W. of C. de la Madre, I think]. In presa near houses saw: small deer, 2 hilldeer, 3 skunkde (goatier yellow legs?). In farther area, saw Pygulusia, thresher, brown thrasher. / Visited 50' deep horizontal old mangrove Dumbhouse mire 30s yds. W. of Dumbhouse and found piley groves fruit no.

Gate from carretera to Providencia hq. 0.0 2.9 mi. - gate, wide 6.2 mi. - gate, open 6.8 - cattle guard 7.0 - ranch house Provid. hq. 0.0 -> to FF SW Pipe gate 1.1 wood g. & cattle g. 5.0 Vertical slat woodgate 9.5 El Nido hq. 13.1

C. Koford 35 Journal! 22 November 1968. R. Providencia, Chihuahua, Mexico more lots (other cover up Pajaito Canyon). Camped lower Pajaito. 23 November 1968. No frost; clay colm. Drawn to road to C. de la Madre, about 1.5 mi. from Pajaito entrance. Then 3.3 mi. thru Rincon del Alamo to locked gate, and 1/2 mile farther up C. de la Madre (road much washed last year). Then walked up road. Fleached coyey 10+ Martenquas guild in can-yon upper dry streambed. At "pila," see 1/2" there. Walked up canyon to W. for back about 1 mile; saw spots water near; no new bear signs. Then back to pila, 1/2 mile 6-4 lead N. to can. Again fleached 10+ guild, about some spot. Then out locked gate, and drove 7.6 mi to higher of Rincon del Socorro Rivas Alamo. Talked w. Capaldi; then on side road about 2 mile to a ranch. Roberto (?) are mine when - meeting Conceicao walked. (His family, with several kids, living in stone hut with roof made of old garden's cane & thatch.) He still thought there were some "oso plateador," though last he saw was in 1961 - in upper C. Negiera. He thought this the same one that had killed Zea cattle. He also mentioned seeing one in C. Los Varas, just before fence (edge of Ej. Los Varas). He said that about 15 days ago he saw a bear in upper Monto, and that he had seen my (distinctive) tracks in streambed there (near upper sidehill). He also said many "cornos" on ranch of David Prieto. He said that in 1957, with AS Leopold, they camped in Arroyo del Alamo. I arranged for boy to show me road to Terrenotas tomorrow. Drive about a mile N. and Terrenotas camped near edge wash. Saw 2 coyote 10+ Collipepla. Mosquitoes latina here, & much like Aristida. Probably good Dipodamys I caught 2 Dipodomys; put up one. area. Set 15 traps. Cool clear calm evening; moon fairly new. /12pm. 10+ Mexican jays, still, mostly w. kill yellow towed loose. /22 Nov. collected longspur, and saw flock 30+ over "pinto," when they dipped low and some mostly landed in dry weeds in water. Some bird flocks to 200+, possibly

23 Nov. Peromyscus maniculatus? ♀ 135-37 (tail broken off) -22-18, Lactating; ot. sc. 3L 2R. j discarded

Koford, C. 36 Journal 23 November 1968. Rancho Presidencia Chihuahua, Mexico of some, with much white in tails; both transparent wings. 24 November 1968. Again talked with Lorenzo Lino (sp?). He said many miners this area and Terrenater, and that they hunted much. He said C. de los Osos, a Terrenater, much traveled, and unlikely to have grizzlies. Went up road to 5 W toward Terrenater, tho said to be impassable near a lock/gate, + very bad away from W side. Lower part canyon direct work - many sparrow, Cyrulofia. Then open oak calling grassland. I flushed owl (orio?) from oak tree where down rested (CBK no. 3874). Occasional large rock antwops; saw rock squirrel. more. Continued to about 6 mi. from Rinon del Alamo Lodge, but still shot of ridge to Terrenater area. Mostly bluegrum grass. Ducks as one presa. Much more humid vegetation than near Lodge. Return- ed to R. del Alamo Lauren. 4.8 miles then to gate into La Presidencia; 3.3 mi to El Nido work, and 11.2 mi to Presidencia lodge. Windy today. Saw one small spidroms at edge road. Large flower dragspur. Returned key to Fortuno at Presidencia house; he said ranch had 46000 ha. and 3000 cattle. Then 7.2 mi. to highway. I drove across and entered road to Rancho El Alamo. Large mosquito brushers and tall dry weeds between along road to lake - Lake muddy. In distance saw hundreds of snow geese near shore and some flying. Ducks and coots scattered near close shore. I drove in to Los Vocos ranch, where camped. Talked again with Juan Escapliga (pronounced like "rc" instead of "pl," as he spelled it). Of the grizzly attack on bull, he said they heard bull roars in night; went in morning and found bull wounded, and trods on ground indicating bear had mounted bull with perfect stare and hind feet on ground. They saw the bear

Cantera - 5. from R. El Alamo entrance wash 0+ 1.1 mi. gate to W 1.9 gate to E 4.4 Jrn 98 (restaurant) 6.5 Jrn 92 10.7 start turn (arcadio) 13.8 end turn S 16.3 Rancho Exp. 17.6 slight 18.4 turn R. (W) El Herradero 19.4 Los Vares 20.3 O. de la Modera gate to Rincon del Alamo after - 7.6 mi. Altimeter 24 Nov. 1968 - Indicated 5200' at Rancho Exp. sign, close to weather sta published elev. Set same throughout fall trip. w/1 100' of posted alt. continental divide, N.Mexico, about 4500', on 27 Nov. But - 600' low at sea level to 2000' in Death Valley area, Nov. 28.

Koford, C. Journal 24 November 1968. Chihuahua, México about a km. away, not at the level; 25 November 1968. Drove to C. Chihuahua, 77 mi. from gate to overhead welcome sign. Talked with Guillermo Gonzalez and brother Mario. Latter not a hunter but trying to push plan to develop wildlife resources in Chihuahua or paying basis, probably starting with goose hunting. (I think he had already suggested this to the new governor). Said farewells to Jose Damian (he had not questioned David Crites yet about bears). Stopped. Then started north, 50 miles to Rancho Experimental gate, and 22.9 more to railroad crossing (15.9 from km. 92 (La P.) restaurant). El Sues 23.5 beyond this RR crossing. Rain en route. I camped near Villa Ahumada in brush desert. 26 November 1968. On to Juarez and across border. Border inspection on Mexican side, though explained I had been camping in sierra. About 20 min. inspection on U.S. side, but no objection to bird skins or skins. Continued on to Los Oros, where met Ralph Platt, Charles Thacker and others. 27-29 November 1968. Rained, about 3" on ground at Los Oros. I drove W. via Lordsburg, Phoenix, Kingman, Las Vegas, Death Valley, Bishop, and Tahoe, and Bloomfield. Deserts entering first cold at this season. No species acts. - See Catalog. End Chihuahua Trip, 1968

Going S. Ranchos 45 road Chihuahua (lucivandos overbed and sign) 47.1 mi. R. Nevada road. - 1.9 mi. S. R. Experimental Rd. Km. 92 restaurant - 6.9 mi. N. R. Exp. Rd. Railroad - 15.9 mi. N. of km. 92. El Luero - 23.5 mi. N. of first m crossing. To E. Rincon del Alamo lg. gate + 3.4+ gate into Paved. 0+ 4.8 mi. Cross wash 5.6 Pajarito ranch gate 6.2 El Rodeo wash 8.0 Woodgate, IIII 9.1 C guard & gate 14.3 Lupi gate 18.2 Paved. Lower 19.2 Catleg. 21.6 Open gate 32.2 blue gate 33.5 Cametura 0+ 36.4 mi.

At Pg #2155 C.B. Koford 1969 Catalogue [#3882 - 3900 not used] #3901 - #3920 [#3921 - 4000 not used] #4173 - #4333 Chihuahua, Mexico

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C Roford 1964 Specimen Catalog Mexico [23 mi. NE of Santa Clara] 21 June Arroyo del Mester, Sierra del Mido, Chihuahua, Mexico 7500'. 3901 δ t. L4,R7. Vireo 17 gms, no fat. 22 June 3902 δ t. 4 Junco some fat 23 June 3903 δ t.6 Vireo 16 gms, no fat. 3904 δ t.6 Dendroica 13 gms, sl. fat. SK only 3906 Canis lupus pickup; trapped ca June 1 SK only 3907 Lynx rufus " ; " ca." 1 29 June Sierra Mojana, Chihuahua, Mexico, 5200'. 3908 δ t.5 Otus asio 30 June 3909 Phrynosoma - small 3910 Phrynosoma just E. of mine. Actually on road about 3 mi N. of camp, near Quintero Tanks, 2. [on Santa Clara River] 5 mi. S. of San Lorenzo, Chihua, Mexico. 5400' 3911 Frog 3912 Sceloporus magister ? 3913 Snake {just above ranch house} 8 July Canon del Alamo, Chihuahua, Mexico, 7300' 3914 Lizard sr 59 3915 skinned. Pitophis catenifer - freshly dead on road. actually at edge plain about 4 mi. s. of ranch house (=15 mi ENE of Santa Clara) 18 July 8mi. ENE Santo Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico. 6200 ft. 3916 Phrynosoma douglassi Rancho 2mi. E. of Parapetor Hgtr., at edge sandw plain, thin grass. 30 June Sierra Mojana, Chih., Mexico. 5400 ft. SK only Dry cactus-rock slope 3917 δ imm. Peromyscus 103-106-20-18

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C. Koford 2 Specimen Catalog 1969 [nr. summit of Sierra del Nido] 7 July 22 mi. NNE Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico. 9000 ft. Skull only 3918 5 st. scars. Peromyscus 200-108-22-21 [=Lloron, in Arroyo del Alamo] 21 June 20 mi NNE of Santa Clara, Chihuahua Mexico. 7500' alcoholic 3919 Empidonax fulvifrons Nest photoed; voice recorded by G. Powell. Nest in pine, tip branch. coll. alive 3 July 20 mi. NNE Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico, [Ojito, upper Arroyo del Alamo] 3920 Crotalus pricei Among rocks by spring. Taken alive & kept at MVZ. (etc.) Also see bats in formalin, os. 4173 -> 4335

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C Koford 1969 Specimen Catalog Chihuahua, Mexico. MRZ Accn. 10081. Labels by: Myrna Georg Naves + Wm. Johnson [These numbers in bold, higher than other 1969 specimens all always from Chihuahua. Others in 4000 range from Peru, 1969.] 24 June 5 mi. N. of Cerro Campana, Chihuahua, Mexico. 5800 ft. 4173 ♀ Myotis californicus no measurements 4174 ♂ "" 4175 ♀ "" 4176 ♀ "" 4178 ♂ "" 4179 ♂ "" 4180 ♂ "" 4181 16♀ 204199 3♂? Myotis levatus no measurements 4200- 7♂ 4210 10♂? Myotis subulatus no measurements 4211- 7♂ 4223 6♂? Myotis thysanodes " " 4224 ♂ t.3 Myotis velfu " " 4225 2 ♂? - 4226 Myotis volans " " 4227- 6♂ 4245 13♂? Pipistrellus hesperus " " 4246- 6♀ 4253 2 ♂? Eptesicus furca " " 4254 ♀ no cum. Plecatus phylloclatis " " 4255 ♂ Plecatus townsendi " " 4256- 5♂? 4260 Antrozous pallidus " " 1 July 20 mi. NNE of Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico. 7500 ft. 4261 ♂ Myotis californicus no meas. 4262 ♂ Myotis evotis " " 4263- 6♂? 4268 Myotis thysanodes " " 4270- ?♀♂ 2 4274 ♀♂? 3 Eptesicus furca " " 4275- 5♂♀ 4285 6 ♂? Plecatus townsendi " " 4286- 2♂? 4287 Myotis subulatus

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c Koford 2 Specimen Catalog 1969 19 June 5 mi. N. Cerro Campana, Chihuahua, Mexicq. 5600 ft. 4286 20707 Myotis subulatus no mem. to 4287 4288 07 Myotis thysanodes "" 4289 ♀ Pipistrellus hesperus "" 4290 ♀ Plecotus townsendi "" 26 June Ojo Laguna, Chihuahua, Mexico. 5200 ft. 4291 ♀ Pipistrellus hesperus no meses. { taken by 4292 ♀ Plecotus townsendi "" } hand from buildings. Cana del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico. 6000 ft. 4293-♀ 4294 07 Myotis sp. 27 June 4295 ♀ Plecotus townsendi 4296 ♀ Myotis sp. 4297 07 " 4298 07 " 4299 ♀ Pipistrellus hesperus 4300 07 t. 3 Plecotus phyllotisi 5 mi. S. San Lorenzo [ on Rio Sanba Clara ] 5400 ft. 30 June 20 mi. NNE Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico. 7500 ft. 4301 ♀ Myotis alcohols 4302 ♀ Eptesicus fuscus 4303 ♀ Tadarida brasiliensis 4304 07 "" 4305 ♀ no emb. Myotis nelsoni 21 June Arroyo del Mesteño, Ch.h., Mexico. 7500 ft. 4306- 50707 4311 199 Tadarida brasiliensis 4322- 40707 4326 18 Eptesicus fuscus 4312- 40707 4321 18 Myotis sp. 4314- 40707 " thysanodes 4327 18 4328 07 Plecotus phyllotisi

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C. Koford 3 Sparmen Catalog 1969 4 Jdy ale. 4329 o7 Antrozous pallidus ale. +330 o7 +331 ♀ Epsteinius fusca 7500ft. 5400ft 23 June ale. 4332 o7 Peromyscus ale. 4333 ♀ "" Rocusan END

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C.B. Koford 1969 Journal Chihuahua, Mexico

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C. Kofod 1969 Journal Sierra del Nido, Chih., trip Mexico 15 June 1969, p.m. left Berkeley, Calif. for Sierra del Nido. Departed from Berkeley in MV2 panel truck, for trip of about 6 weeks, accompanied by Ceb Kofod. Picked up George Panell, grad student and bird voice recorder, at Davis. Then on to Saguaro Creek, where we checked next squaw lopes and then spent the night. 16 June Next day drove via S. end of Lake Tahoe and highway 395 down east side of Sierras. Stopped in Death Valley, when it was raining and some areas flooded. Camped near Calif.-Ariz. border. Next day pushed on. Visited Charles Thaler and half Ralph Paitt in Las Cruces, New Next day Mexico. Arranged car insurance with AAA in El Paso + purchased supplies. Then crossed border with no trouble. But in Juarez was stopped by policemen, for going too fast through an intersection marked (absurdly) 10 kph, and had to pay $5 as a "gift" to him. At car club station at brr. 20, charged $2 openly, for nothing in particular (no fee required on previous trips; more- scrips given). Then on south on highway 45, until east midnight. /woman to be joined by Gene Christman in Chihuahua City on June 25. / / / /

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C. Koford Journal Chih., Mexico 19 June 1969 5 mi. N. Co. Campanga, S. del Nido, Arrived about 0130 and camped in loton near cattleguard about 2 1/2 mi. W. of turnoff at km. 92. On road saw occasional Dipodomys and one apparent Perognathus. Dry aspect - apparently no appreciable summer rain yet. /Cactus wren - saw 3 old nests in oaks near dry streambed. Later, Erik found nest w. 2 fresh eggs, 12' up in isolated oak. Nest of straight dry grass, w. some fuzzy heads of a composit forb. (old nest bordered with apparent toilet paper). There were voicings at twilight; saw 10+ in 2 hrs. Mockingbird canopicon - individuals in shrubs in work area a slope nearby. /George P. said he saw a Phoebe - [long wing, same ?] peeps singly scattered 20' tree in an open brush in the mid-work. I saw 1 Black-headed grosbeak, & chunwags stop a 20' oak. /George went out looking for birds + nests; I stayed near campsite. Saw lark sparrows, occs. w/d in limber in work. Brown Towhee - occs. 1or 2 scotch rig in sandy ground of work. Loggerhead Shrike, 1. A pair of Scott Orioles or w. west in hill, went round an isolated ash tree (green; seeds on tree), where I saw apparent nothing. Saw occasional Corvin kingbird or scrub jay in oaks. A Buteo (ferrugineus?) showed - tail uniform grey below, under wingtips black, medially a white "window," then dark area under wrist; identif. not positive. /Occas. black swallowtail butterfly on shrubs. Oaks - principally red- sized, evergreen, Cleaved, w. green crowns 1 em. high. Small junipers, to 6'. [Negriite] largest shrubs; much catclaw. But "pink foxglove" shrub, & "pink stone" shrub, not common in the mid-work. B (E. of 92 restaurant) This near fence N. of cattleguard. /Weather - occs. tiny cloud. Shrub "B" - white 5-petalled flower, central yellow-tipped, + fuzzy pink stamens lower left [illegible] - thin size (photos). /Drove up road 1 1/2 miles. Vermillion Flycatcher - occs. or perched under crowns ash trees in dry streambed. Also there, Curve-billed Thrasher, W. Wood Pewee, Bewick's Wren (last also in

Mileage Km. 92 -> Chih. (GMC panel, 17" wheels) Km. 92 27.4 (restaurant) Milepost 1755 Odom 77728.46 Arco Iris 30.5 Turn R 45° 31.3 Sun silvestra gate 32.2 Turn L 15° 32.8 Yerbanis to E, Hill to w Rancho Exp. (gate, &) R 150 34.2 35.1 Gate E 36.1 (cerro R .3 Rancho 45 37.0 C. Chih. (Bmex sta) 77783 Lr. C. Chih' 92 (settng.(w.of Km 92) = 850.5 Camp, Campana (5500') 77852.5 Afterns.-set 4750 Ch.h. Campana camp 5500'

CKoford Journal Chihuahua, Mexico 19 June 1969 3 mi. N. of Campana, Sierra del Norte, adjacent willow shrubs. Barn Swallow - occas. are flying over canyon bottom; also Cliff Swallow, but no water evident. Bewick Wren - saw short-tailed fledgling / Continued into old Campana campsite, 2 mi. from Estiguard, & talked w/ Lopez at adobe hut. No water in creek saw one pubble, but a large spring of good water, & near old campsite a cattle trough about 30' long + 3 ft. wide (2 fish in it). This or Ranch Los Topicos, of Alfredo Portillo's P. Am tutor, TAPIK'S cottonwood, near pig corral, 10+ Brown-headed Cowbird. In area saw W. Wood Peewee, Barn Swallow, Boboli, Mourning Dove, White-winged Dove, white-throated Swift (5?). / C.N. Bewick's nest, cup 20' up at edge cranium ash, on 12" horiz. stub branch going out, tree about 30'; over dry streambed near cliffs; nest next material, & bound around w/ spiderweb, it upper- ed. / A silver nest about 100' distant - at 18' up, 5' in from tip horiz. branch, in 35' green ash tree over dry streambed; made of twigs below, dry grass above, & nomad visible with leaves (bird froze on edge nest). / Bewick's caporal showed me rock cliff at side Noia Canyon, & said a large bear killed there dast year about November! (one of the released ones?). / Area of cattle- trough shaded, w. 30' cottonwood, tree willow, big blue oak, & mostly ash. Small junipers in canyon + adjacent slope. Beside tree willow, a shrub-willow, & small tree w/ leaves slender about 30 cm. long; so various willows. / Saw a Rock Wren on ground under ash dry cliff; it climbed swift up cliff (E.P. said it later fed young). / Nest of Kayeturi Tuvogen - ? on, 12' up in small-leaved willow about 20' tall; placed [? flushed at 30'. Net cup 4" diam. Contents?] in foliage, apparently made of green dried forb & grass, at edge of open sand and shrub-willow zone of flat wash, about 50 yds. from W. spring. / George P. remained here, while Erik & Stuart to Chihuahua town City. Saw Meadow-Lark near Caratero. / Collected office of Delegacion

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CKsford 1969 Journal Sierra del Mdo. Chih., Mexico C. Chihuahua & Lower Cany Santa Clara, 5500' 19 June 1969. Forested, but closed before 14:45, so left note for José Domínguez. Then visited Dr. Bill to Gonzaley Muzzing (No. 3, Calle Pacheco), talked, & got shotgun that I had left there. Shopped, & returned N. Very hot in Chihuahua; about 100°F. Arrived about 18:30. Saw Blue Grosbeak, wld. ♂, near small shrub in dry open grassland. Cir - about 9/10 overcast, cactusus - but clearing. Evening - saw 3 Nighthawks about 500' up, circling. Heard Poorwills calling evening. I & D tried to catch bats with hand nets over cattle trough, seeing flashlights, & caught 5 of 5 species, including Mystes & Plecostus (saved in bag formlin). A mystus thysanoder had 2 spiders on it (but won't keep others). Another Mystus had 1 endypo. / Campana Camp 20 June 1969. Cool at night; clear. Saw red Lorinet drink at trough; G.P. said saw 2 red ones alongside each other. No swallow nest cliff here. Saw 15+ Lark Sparrows, in tree, usually only 1 - nesting? Occas. 1 or 2 Turkey Vultures soared over cliffs. Occas. 1 White-winged Dove flew thru tree in bottom, but more Mourning Doves. Band-tailed Pigeon, gpa to 5, roosted in tree mid-morning. Saw about 10 Lark Sparrows, 10 Brown Towhees (often in trees, 10+ ups). / Vegetation in flatbottom, about 300 yds. wide, largely Deser about 4' ave. height. Occasional juniper bush. The side-folgiage bush common. Brown Jayr about 8'/ Heard repeated loud "cow!" from area of dry waterfall" in cliff, where scattered shrubs; Coppery-tailed Trogon? Saw over gran slope to N., one Black Vulture (white areas beneath wingtips). / Brown-headed Canbidos - flock of about 10, flying + perched ground + coral fence. / Departed about 10:00 hrs. for Ranch El Misterio, planning frequent stops for observation. About ½ mile up road, Cliff Swallows building nests under just about 70' up in 100+' red rock cliff. Some nests a mere basal crescent, others complete. About 15 nests. No water apparent in streamlets in site. Direction for ¼ mile +. / About 6 White-throated Swifts zipped about near same cliffs,

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20 June 1969 Caña de Santa Clara, 5300' but no nest sites evident. Eids found fledgling Rock Wren at foot of cliff! veg. Red flowers on ocotillo; long yellow + purple flowers blooming on yucca. | Acorn Woodpecker - one flew from hole only 5 ft. up in trunk living small-leaved willow; deep newly dug hole; trunk 12" diam, right alongside edge roots. | High to 50', pathlder w white rock. Camp + .7 mi, now cattle guard. Another Acorn Woodpecker at in nest hole in small-bowl willow trunk , 10' up. Camp + 1.4 mi, beside house nr. big cottonwoods. Again, Acorn woodpeckers in holes in living small-leaved cottonwoods, 56-90 ft; only 6' ups. Camp + 3.2 mi, junior's step ridge to N and S. Slope of grass, rocks, and scattered oaks. Occas. saw a bluebird, Vermillia Flycatcher, Robin, or Brown Tanager from road. Main shub in bottom is peid-torcel shrub. Saw lornit. Pair Hepatic Tanagers in oaks, flat bottom. Camp +5.5, coltguard at Cimarron settlement; 5700'. Ash-throated Flycatchers in the big wood (2). About 6 House Sparrows seen in town. | Red-eyed Cowbird (G's oid). | Black- headed Grosbeak. Above saw no Stellar Jays below Cimarron; some extra- clear reacher that level and higher. |Above Cimarron, Green-bodied Bellfly near road. Above town 3.4 mi., don to N is dry - no water in streambed; oces wild yellow-peins (about 6200'). Alligator junipers. Some catclaw dog wood, to G tell. Scarlet Baronetina in flowers. Chipping Sparrow singing in oaks (2). Bustitis seen (2). |6300', 6 Mexican Jays, 1 Hepatic Tanager, 1 Flchee. Som modern tree. Above town 4.5 mi., 6350'. Scattered juniors on S slope. Green pinyon covers dry road. Often saw a chipmunk or rock squirrel. Olive wood thick, in ravine bottom. | We came to hillside dry grass to N, where 3 roguettes in yellow flowers. On single stalk, 2 mockingbird, Scott Oriole, 2 lunnier (Broad-tailed), C. Kingbird, & possibly F. Dolon, at some time. On another, Acorn Woodpecker, Rivoli Hummingbird. Again, Acorn Woodpecker + Scott Oriole on one plant. There about 6400', open hillside near scrubby

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Koford Journal 20 June 1969 Canyon Santa Clara, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua oaks, about 6400. Probably Broad-tailed Humble, & White-cars Hummingbirds. From road, 6.3 mi. close Brevicava, saw a 2 Copper-tailed Trogon fly in oaks, 100 yds. from cliffs (white skirt band). 6700', Painted Redstart in oak lay woods. Mexican Jay - a yellow-billed juvenile. Orca. Limber (?) pine on slopes nn. road. Saw Canyon Wren. A Hummingbird at red flower on acalillo. "Capulin" linden w. 5 mm. green fruits. Summit 8.5 mi. close Brevicava; alternate road 7100 + 7200', et cattleguas. Beyond, pinon numerous first half mile, then scrubby oak about 12' high, with Red Jays. Orca. White-breasted Nuthatch. After 3mi., oak about 20' tall & well spread. Ash-throated Flycatcher in are./ at a reservoir pond, much drawn down (100yds. long, big dam), we saw 3 Barn Swallows, 5 Violet-green Swallows, 3 C. Kingbirds, 1 B-L. Cambrid, 1 Meadowlark, Killdeer, Acorn Woodpecker - all at edge pond./ On post grass plain, when occasional Meadowlark, Sparrow Hawks. After (1 mi., turns N. Over Mennonite Plain, open oak woodland flat, saw 21 Ravens, milling about) very high (white-necked?). Then Horned Larks 2, House Sparrows - 20+ on wires, Lark Sparrow - 30+ on wires. Barn Swallow over pond. Kingbirds, Raven, Turkey Vulture./ Visited the store. Then an to W. Near a pond, 15+ Horned Larks, 6 C. Kingbirds, 8 Barn Swallows, 10 House Sparrows. Many more Horned Larks near Canal de Bevar. / Grass eaten up & better down flat toward was contrast to last year. Mennonite fields ploughed, or occur. with corn to 2' high, irregular. Very dusty roads. Obvious drought./ We descended out into Mestizo canyon & saw, under small oak on grassy hill, 2 Lupine guillardi. They ran together, showing much white on side toward us as they zigzagged./ We drove toward Rancho Mestizo. Saw 1 Booming Night-Hawk flying among oaks, & later 3 more; 2 perched in oak trees Apparently pregnant./ Near canals, saw chips numerous & grass about 17" where present. In some areas, view of Lupine about 3' tall, near canals, as if in western Daycotte.

Specs. 21 June 1969 2 mi. up canyon from Mesteño Hq. Shot Empid. fulvit, ♀, t. 6 - formalin Singing; most present in pines. G.F. recorded song at length. Mesteño, 1 mi. N. Cabaño - shot Spec. 6/21 Virao solit. atop oak; earlier in pines. Song whistle ) \\ . 17 gms., t. 4 x 6 7R. 6/22 Fri - 23 bats, Mesteño, formalin 6/22 pickup wolf skull, lynx skull; C. Varitas. Spec 22 June - Junco hyemalis, Las Varitas. Same fat. Spec 23 June - D. auduboni 13g. ♀ 5.4 x 7, sl. fat. Iris dk. br. Spec. " (Virao belli 16 gms., t. 6 no - disc.) iris br. 6/23 pickup wolf skull, Ojo del Venado.

C.Koford 7 Journal Mexico. Rancho Mesteno, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua 20 June 1969 Numbered Larks in gps. to 30+. At large muddy pond: Kingbird, Blue-billed Lark Sparrow, Acorn Woodpecker, + a few Rockingbirds - grounded in Tree (sahis). Also Killdeer, Violet-green Swallow, 1. Many of smaller willows are leafless, or partly so, a lesser brown, as if from drought. Then W.Bluebilled 6+, Shrike 3, Sparrow Hawk 2, House Wren 2, Two-Scrub Jays, Flickers, before reaching cattle-guard at ranch entrance. Then 2.4 mi. to Mesteno Headquarters (altimeter 6900 + 7200, about 7000). We talked with Baiza, then drove 1.6 mi. up canyon to cross a large pond next to lava-boulder slopes. 2 Diacy Ducks on pond. (We found 2 or 3 single eggs on the shore). Camped at 1800 near pond. Saw 2 Mesteno gos into hole in dead pine, 40' up; 2 others perched in juniper tree (nest?). Hundreds of lava pipers along shore of the pond. We set up mist net near shore and soon took Cptascius, 2 Tadarida, + Myotis (formalin spec.). Heard Poor-will and Whip-poor-will in evening. 21 June 1969. Starting 0530 am. Sounded C. Kergleis choruses. Saw + photo'd; coll. -cok no. 3919 Buff-breasted Flycatcher (G.P. records song + found nest?), fledgling W-B Nuthatch, Chipping Sparrow, Bluebird. Wide-spaced river, same color. Narrowly grazed line, + no fence left. At Nadjtos, Baiza said a bear passed not far away caravaneer of about 4 yrs. ago; possibly lower left. Also told us a trapped wolf's appearance was in Mesteno arrays; taken since last October. We drove down to ranch entrance, thence E. to bottom of Mesteno array (.7 mi. to wood gate, gun gang. 2.6 to Mesteno bottom). Payrol side of fence overgrazed + tatty, but notted & dry. Much mountainized on Mesteno side. Cattle lean, isolated. Saw Bluebird, Jay. Route through sparse oak, pine, juniper, in grassland. At Mesteno bottom, riparian tree, small cliffs- saw Canyon Wren 10-12 Cardinals. At gate delos colotas, on bare bench above streambed, Caver Flycatcher; 10' above ground, in yellow pine.

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Journal 21 June 1969 Chihuahua, Mexico, Mesteño Canyon, Sierra del Nido, George attacked Buff-breasted Flycatcher (Empidonax fulvifrons) in 15' Blue Yew pine by roadside. Playback of taped call - came to 3'/2.6 mi up canyon from initial point, gate to gp. Ophelia. Talked with cowboys who said trades of bears there, farther up Mesteño Arroyo, & in Variter, 3.5 mi up from initial point, last gate below wooden (dry dam) near cabin. Saw a clear pool, 15' wide, 4' deep, in rocky streambed, 2 Apollon's, about 6 x 8

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C. Koford 9 Journal 21 June 1969 Arroyo Mesterio, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mex. shallow water in creek for 200 yds, about 2' wide. Saw Navy Warbler on trunk. I We put up 30'lot net across creek pool below the concrete dam below meadow. Caught 3 larvae with 23 later, which preserved in formalin. I On attack of colona, nest of Barn Swallow with 4 eggs. Mud+grass nest in soften. Two adults + a juvenile Canyon Wren discovered in attic (G.P.). I We drove up canyon to N., leaving 1100. To foot Variter, 1.7 miles. Saw 5+ Cave Flycatchers over streambed, alone, in about 1/2 mile. On just of trail, I saw tracks of a large bear (4"wide), and of a wolf, about 1/4 mile above the water in Vitter bottom, we found dried bodies of wolf & Coyote (Lawday told us of trapping them). Took skulls of both. I flushed pair Harlequin Quail in 2' tall oak brush under pines, near canyon bottom; olives + aspens near. Saw occasional Chukar. Mexican Jays - a group of 8+, including yellow-billed juncos/mile. Saw a yellow Perisna probing among ash leaves & fruits in streamside green tree. I We slowly hiked up Variter canyon toward head, then ascended slope to E. Flushed a large owl - faded brown body with light small spots, & light (whitish) barred tail; sailed across slope (Spotted Owl?). I flushed pair Harlequin Quail in Rd. Mesterio arroyo, area manzanita & dry (brown leaves) near dry tributary, about 1/2 mi. + from water. Shot the F, destroying ovarian, but she had large white placid oviduct, so probably had laid. About 3pm, descending Mesterio, saw Townsend Solitaire perched low in pine forest. We found no water (saw an algae filled bowl) in going downward to fork; then we ascended fork toward Cjo de la Yegua, and soon found pools in bottom. 4pm, Cjo dela Y. - Mex. Jay, Robin, Barn Swallow, juncos on ground (much tramped by cattle), 4 in trough. Deep

Journal 22 June 1969 Arroyo Mesteno, Sierra de (Ndy Chihuaha slade under big oaks & oak tree. We hiked up to ridge to N., over tops, in opening of bunchgrass, then downslope through manzanita (yell- awish leaves, no fruit), then low oak brush (never high, mostly leafless), into pines & to some-foo of Varitas, where we camped. This evening, George played back Pigeon and Colts & we soon had two responding, coming close in pines (though after dark). Heard Spotted Owl -- ' far up rocky slope to S., but could not attest closer. (A possible Thick-billed Parrot nesting tree also up the slope; one saw pair at an oak stump & trees in an adjacent area, during daylight.) Found many freshly-eaten cone cores beneath a large white pine low on slope (Seiurer?). In evening heard whip-poor-wills & occasional Poor Will. | Overcast moderately all day, so not unbearably hot. (On June 21, about 95° at Colonia at midday). Camped -about 7500'. Varitas 23 June 1969 Monday. Overcast 9/10 before sunrise, broken up later. In very early morning, in dark, heard apparent owl - haw! ' ' ' in pines of bottom, for only 5 ± minutes. Later, Caprimulgus, & then Stellar Jay "churr". Twice saw a Painted Redstart foraging in pine, on timber & branches, about 30' up. | Flushed pair of Harlequin Quail, 100' from streambed in this brush & very short grass. Called -- ' -- ' on ground (whit?) then flew in different direction. | Band-tailed Paragon - 105' above, gray, 2 cm. long, in crop of 2 (av. 4 mm.). Collected an Audubon Warbler (?) Bell Vireo, in medium-sized tree in streambed area. Common was Red-wing Stellar Jay, Flicker, B. Redstart, James Crow, Flycatcher, W. Wood Pewee, along one of waters in stream (200 ± 450). Saw single Townsend's Solitaire, and occasional Band-tailed Paragon in some area. | 1035, departed up canyon to Ojo del Venado, arriving 1100. Large oak, to 80', big ash tree, mixed pines, water puddles in

C. Koford 11 Journal Mexico 23 June 1969. Arroyo Mesteno, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, streambed, w water in "canos" about 20' long. Saw Steller Jay, pair of Hummers Tanagers (in last large oak), white-capped Hummingbird (1 drunk in opening, on water - fills cattle trough), House Finch. / Above the ojo a Black-headed Bunting sang. We climbed slope over rocky ground; groves scattered Blue Oak, Pinon, to edge of Mesa de los Venados. On our slopes Painted Redstart foraging on bark of oak & pinon. Some maguey plants at edge mesa (1200, 8500'), Robins, Turkey Vulture, 2 P. Redstarts, w.w.bewee, v.g. Swallen, Martens, Audubon Warbler (Black-breast), small livers Flicker, Mexican Jay, Bluebird. Flushed a p. Bluebird from 2 stulbs, in hole ice (nest's prob.) [which for sp.?] Saw 2 Bay-winged Nuttallin in pine foliage. Saw nest of House Finch perched near hole in pine stub. / On rafters of a fired tough roof, nest of a Barn Swallow w/ 4 eggs. Saw Mexican Junco, before - s. Tanager, on ground. 1 Curve-billed Thrasher in juniper. A pair of Violet-green Swallows perched near hole in trunk living oak, 10' ups. Saw Acorn Woodpecker. Martens perched atop stub. / Mesa vegetation large pinon, well spread, including many snoops, no large oaks, large junipers (alljecta); ground rocky. Near northedge, mostly pinon, & patch of white - flowered Cleather. / On Arroyo de los Amorres, almost entirely pinon on N-expect slope; then pinoons, junipers, magueytes, & manzanitas, but mostly Oaks, on S. expect slope. / Chipping Sparrow - fed atop Carcelhus budber. To pass at head of Ojo del Venado, & started down 1510. Recked ojo at 1550. Found dead wolf of which Vogueson told me, in stranded 1/4 mile down Ojo. Apparently had been poisoned, they said. Hair still on most of body. Took skull shell (photos head). / At low Vautier canyon in eve, heard Barncills whip - posn - well. Today Erik took Steller Jay g, about out or not enlarged, his specimen). A Bartails Pigeon had roosted to ground deer. I eve returned to ojo Venado, to sleep & listen for owls.

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C Koford 12. Journal Mexico. 23 June 1969 Arroyo Mestero, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, on slopes to W. of ojo, seen small cliffs, heard spotted owl. range recorded some, rather weakly, & played back. No initial response, so tried vocal imitation. Finally owls flew over, perhaps 200 up, calling - - / in flight. Soon, one or both perched in trees above us.. range played back call, and we soon had variety of vocalizations recorded at very close range. Slept at ojo, nearly 8000'. 24 June 1969. About 0630, saw livoli Hummingbird, o7 and f, and one drake and little troch, standing on ground. Also saw white-eared kind & hooded-tailed Hummingbirds, in openings in canyon bottom. Also saw Band-tailed Pigeon, Steller Jay, Robin./ Saw pair of Summer Tanager in oak brush down a cañon side; one, f, or 2 mm.; insects crammed stomach. (E.B. said yesterday he saw Beece & Bluebird chase same insect, nearly striking in air.) Also at ojo, Chickadee, Painted Redstart (oak trunk & limbs), Band-tailed Pigeon (perched top of dead tree), Ap. Rufous-sided Towhee. Saw short- tailed jiv., Steller Jay. / Brown-headed Cowbird - one at tip top isolated dead pine snag. Pair of House Finches at streamside. White-throated Swift. Madre - about half leaves red (too dry?). / Below ojo, W. Bluebird, Contopus rich. (good, soft eggovid., 4 ovo and, 6-8 Robins, Band-tailed Pigeon, Englewood (kept chin; in small pine, canyon bottom). / Deer - saw 3, later 2, ascending slope from near canyon bottom. / Meadow-lark solana, large said found nest w. Bluebird w. 5 eggs, in tree hole./ We drove from solana back toward main road between (roadhouse) Neot, Sooty (fall) Vireo, over food in rocky canyon, 14' up in 15' blue oaky edge cañon, 3' from pine; 25 yds. from stranded & pool, 7000'. Lower in Mestero Canyon, when open rocky, saw one Cooper Hawk flying over ridge canyon. Then across flat-topped grass & spaced oaks, where saw scrub Jays, Brown Towhee. Out through Mesteró settlements.

C. Koford 13 Journal 24 June 1969 Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, Mexico Ash-throated Flycatcher, W. Bluebird: Below, saw jay, dead fox in side, Upper Ramito Parquette ] almost caught it by hand. Saw Raven carrying food in bill. Red- tailed Hawk, C. Kingbird. On area of 2' tall Lupine, 20+ Meadow Lark. Meadow Lark - flock 20 to 30 on short grass bent going to down Mesteno, lower canyon. Also many Lack Sparrow . But Donal de Banos, then E./over Mononite Farms, 10' below; saw 1 to 3 C. Kingbirds attack Raven vigorously. Then down into Oso Canyon saw scrub Jays (2) in extreme heat. Near rock saw 1 Say Phoebe (clean road surface), white-throated Swift,/about 4 mi. down, pair of Karlgin. Quail worked off road. At top cliffs, saw 12+ turkey vulture, at least 2 perches (windy day)./Near Rinconera, 6 Brown-Legged Seabirds followed behind lawn fields. When drier area reached, saw Mockingbird, Brown Tanager. Saw C. Kingbird rest 15' upon isolated oak (G. Rands) nestling, + 10 more eggs). Arrived Campcuna camp about 7 p.m. George & Eike set up 30' but not across water trough among trees near cliff - by 2:30 they had nearly 100 birds (preserved in formalin), of several species, including flycatcher, myrtle, antrogon, fleeter, Cestrene. /Near Bonville. 25 June 1969. Windy night, clear morning. A few Cliff Swallows apparently starting nests on 50' cliff. Saw Mockingbird, C. Kingbird, Vermilion Flycatcher. Yesterday saw Blue Grosbeak up canyon about 1 mile & saw Ivory Dove at big cottonwood by adobe house up canyon. /We departed for Chihuahua. Saw Meadowlark near Cemetery, and 2 White-redled Ravens in yard near restaurant, atop fence posts. Occas. saw on Km. 92 2 or way to Chihuahua City. Saw burned area in pasture, but may have been accidental. Toward Chib., proportion of mosquitoes increased until nearly solid cover. About 20 mi. N. of town, saw American Hawk and Ferrugineous Hawk (windows under

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C Koford 14 Journal 25 June 1969 C. Chihuahua, Mexico wing tips; near-white bore tail). I & the team purchased supplies talked with Davison, picked up Dave Christmas, who had flown down. Left about 5 p.m. & drove N. to about 6 mi. N. of Km. 92, then turned off on small sidetrack toward Laguna Quemilla, drove through mesquite to grassland, & adobe house of Dr. Gutierrez (MV men had camped there in previous years). Talked with the old man, who remembered Posell well, & camped a few hundred yards S. of his crop field, in mesquite. Lake shore about 1 mile to E. Saw Meadowlarks, thrush, hoodedrun. George P. said saw Black-nachel Stilt, Yellowthroat, & Black-crowned Night-Herons near lake; Large areas of Sporobolus grass clumps, mainly brown. Toward lake, Distichlis increased to pure stand. Various patches of Junce. Some slightly raised & gravelly penetrable bare mounds of Diptisampter spiloforma, to within 1/4 mile of shoreline. To Laguna, Chihuahua, Mexico (?) 26 June 1969. Windy night. Saw Killdeer, Sporobolus W. Meadowlark. Many large Sporobolus clumps, mostly brown & dry, dominant cover. Patches of Junce. Occas. grass mesquite. Dry flat playa - pass. Distichlis mixed in Sporobolus, missing toward shore, & finally pure stand near shore, all green. On lake, many coots - pelopes 100 in 1/2 mile. 2 Killdeer at shore. Red-winged Blackbirds - 6 or so & 50 yds. apart in rushes, but not apparently stationed. Desig ducks flew swan with 4 tiny feathered ducklings. Another with 8 smaller ducklings. 3 single small grebes; canopic. white sides, riding high; Redcreps? W. Meadowlark - 4 atop fine points in 100' / the isletts and on wings. 2 O'cullow, Western Kingbirds, 4, out & few others. Singing Red-winged Blackbird, Vermilion Flycatcher. 1/6 small planted field, corn about 2' high. Saw white-throated Swift flying among big cottonwoods. Near house, Blue grackle, trim big cottonwood, Orchard Oriole. At least two

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C. Koford 15 Journal 26 June 1969 Ojo Laguna, Chihuahua, Mex. open water hole surrounded by tall rushes. Good water in one spring. I have caught a Bluegill bat in softener of old adobe, + Centery's daughter can't a Myctis near house (both also foundin). | On way out to Carretas saw a jnr. Cygnibolia, mockingbird, scaled Quail. | We took road to Provenencia ranch bytres. Saw Manning Ducks, mockingbirds. Black- throated Sparrows in shrubs, roadrunner (one with baby cottontail, 50gms., in bill). Saw several pairs Scaled Quail, + occasional single, but no young. W. Meadowlark. Black-throated Sparrow carried a grub in bill. Pair of Cygniboliae. In a thole about 7' high, about 10 feet of cactus near, new and old appearing, pinkbore now in size (photod). Provenencia arrives in compound of ranch headquarter. Father's load left; habits Mondays now less (copied). In building rafters saw Barn Swallow nest on: rafters, with 2 young; another nest on mud of well, + one on a door. | (in yard tree) Saw 2 adult Bullsh Orioles in eggs; new said they have a well grown young don't c week ago. Three grooble nests in a mulberry tree; going out of some nests. | A Western Kingbird or nest in fork 20' up a 25' side: tree in yard. Same French nests; young in one, had fledged in another. Another nest w/ kingbird, 20' up in fork Oriented expense. | One man mojojsaid a fish calls moja in reservoir Los Terrones, about 9" long, + taken with soda glass. | We drove across plain toward Rancho El Rio. Mud- lurumed, woking evenly spaced Dejodamp? wounds conspicuous, about every 50 gms. | In Quentin's, Cactus Allen nest with 2-3 young, with pin feathers; 4 nps in brush, nest of grass. | To rafters. in Caño del Rios, then 1.4 mi. or up C. Los Varas. all water community, + 1 cattle out on plain. Cygmen - occur. one in canyon bottom to 2' distance. Saw Acorn Woodpecker, Mexican Jay (screak near house + below?). walking slowly up C. Los Varas. Cacer (?) Flycatcher, of Nepetii Tamoyes (on shrub protruding from fore ```</div>```

C. Koford 16 Journal 26 June 1969 Canion del Mido, Sierra de Nick (Chihuahua) of cliff.) Saw 2 juv. Strickland's Woodpecker, full grown, on oak trunk, started up from near bottom of trunk. A rocky canyon, a gps of parrots flew over spaced 2, 2, 2, 3, 4 = (1). Saw 2 Black-headed Sparrows in tree cypress over strewned, both in 7 plumage. Much Telloandria in this canyon; on cliff face, oak branches, occililo stellar - perhaps only place in Sierra del Mido (= camp ?). Saw 2 Myjoculus tuberculifer in dead oaks by foot of cliff, 60' up. 1500. Saw 3 juv. Motina faya in gps. Spectled Towler - seed x saw on in canyon bottom. 1 Black-headed Sparrows on occililo. A few Band-tailed Pigeons. Found several small water holes in bottom at one site. Water full of algae and dozens of toes of Leopard Frogs. Birds comparatively numerous near the water area. Saw Black Phoebe by water. About 1530, started back. Saw gps, 20+ noisy parrots flying over. Erik said that for a time a large group perched in a pine halfway up cliff. Heard Caprimulgus at night, + a small owl which called ------- Sawge seemed crucial, apparently of Barn Owl in cliffs. Campsite faces (to N.) 700 ft. red cliffs, w. many holes. When we arrived, D.P. had seen antelope deer (1) go up slope below cliffs. Carlogan said a big reservoir over ridge to N. of us (area of Los Fresnos ?). One said a bear had been killed on the llanos by atraves, + that the skin [not checked out.] was at Providence Headquarters. They also said that coyotes had killed several colvers (?) on the plains. They knew of subs owls that lived on the plains in "tuneras." Said snakes on plains, but rattlesnakes scarce now. Hot day; clear, but some wind. 27 June 1969. Erik and I left 0700 to explore Canyón La Laguna for bear sign. Strewned up completely dry; no cottle. Flushed) Nariguí Quail, bottom. Saw 1 Strickland's Woodpecker on pinion tree. Oven Woodpecker, on dry slopes below cliffs where occililo, and

Journal 27 June 1969 Cañon del Nido, Sierra del Nido, Chih. MEXICO penion Operation. Pair Nardequin Quail among rocks, shot green, small only 50' from dry streambed. Saw Mexican Jay, Bartailed Pigeon, Canyon Wren. 10+ Violet-green Swallow milled about at mouth of a large rock cave, as if feeding Spotted Towhee. A Red-tailed Hawk perched on a cliff; a Mexican Jay perched above, down bow on bowl, perched again, & repeated 4- x. at each dive, Red-tail opened bill upward & gave preen. Saw a Painted Redstart foraging in Cypress brusher. Often saw an Ash-throated Flycatcher. Many birds called hard (by Eile) in area fresh "yucca" flowers (purple + yellow), and a hummingbird (bird? ) fed there. 1o Spotted Owl flew down canyon pursued by 8+ Mexican Jays, closest well behind it. And then perched in cleft of cliff. Burrotole (5+) and Cichochades (2) in cypress & pine in canyon bottom. In bottom, mostly silvery-leafed oak, but also mesquite, Limber (? - 2"cone, 3"needle) pine. Cypress on to about 7500'. Often saw or heard a Canyon Wren, + we caught a juvenile fledgling. In daylight, a Poor-will called in canyon. No juniper & Stellar Jays; perhaps too dry. |1010, we entered mouth of highest rocky canyon, leading SW. Canyon Wren on sappy oak trunk and adjacent boulders. Douglas Fir to 2' diameter. Spotted Towhee. a sappy canyon, when I saw bear sign last summer + fall. | A Sharp- shinned Hawk carried prey in claws, over canyon, high. Lines of Sapsucker holes in ash trunks. | Saw many fresh cores of corer, mostly under yellow pine, some under Doug. Fir. Saw pair of Hepatic Tanager in silvery-leafed oak in canyon bottom. | Yellow pine is about 20" diam., 100' tall. Some core cores of green cores; some obviously dismantled on ground, leaving pile of scales. None of the Gambel Oak (deciduous) seen. | In sappy upper

C. Koford Journal Chih., Mexico. 18 27 June 1969 Sierra Cañón del Nido, Arroyo del Nido, a part, about 7000'; saw 5+ Stellar Jays including two short-tailed jays. Horse flies bothersome even here. At 11:15, arrived where two 20' bladders form an arc over strambed; still no water. Found pe lean droppin or sign in area. Started back 12:15. Clear; four breeze; very hot. Over strambed, a 4 Summa Tanager, alone. / A silvery-leafed oak, 70' slow strambled, white-sand Hummer, Chihuahu) Vireo (eye ring; yellowish belly). At yucca flower, a hum- er fed (tips outer tail feathers white). / Back to ranch house for water, & looked in old mine tunnel for bats (bats droppings but no bats). Horse below tunnel (supplied from main houses), had bat droppings in a few spots (night roosts). On porch of other house, exposed on bare slope, clust 35 nests of Cliff Swallow, at least 12 having fledglings; also at least 4 nests of barn swallows, at least 1 with 2 nestlings, 1 with 4 eggs. (One of these in a room, w. broken window. At ranch house where people living down on slope, saw other nests Barn Swallow or Swifts whose young emerge from adobe & roof; at least 1/2 with 2 nestlings, another with 2 fledglings perched alongside. / We moved camp to 1.8 mi. from house, up Cañón del Nido (near Keyhole Rock). There saw White-sand Hummer feeding in oak, & Cassin's Kingbird. Near camp saw 2 Harlequin Quail. Or called water trunk trunk, while on ground. 28 June 1969 Cañón del Nido, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua Departed 06:40, clear, for Sierra crest via Tres Vistas, setting altitude at 6500' at start. Heard Harlequin Quail (1+2) flush from short green slope away shrubby oak. Saw White-sand Hummingbird in oak by trail. 6500' (indicated alt.), an occasional woodpecker, exposed, in canyon bottom.

c. Koford 19 Journal 28 June 1969 Canin del Nido, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua Limber "pines to 80" tall; large ponderosa "pine". Flushed Band-tailed Pigeon near streambed (Canyon bottom about 200 yds wide); still nest (of this?) about 20' up in oak. 0720, 6500', trail crossed creekbed to E. Bottom 100 yrs. wide. Limber pine + alberry - leafed oak. Saw group 6+ ad and juv. Mexican jays skipping. Ruf-sided Towhee. Scott Oriole sang in dead oak tree; g b d d g l V (black hd + lil, yellow wing bar). Big Hummerdr. blue-green [illegible] in oak by trail, 3' up 50 745 (700') red - forest wallers forage in twigs + foliage of alpine leafed oak. Saw oftenering crab 3rd time to E., I squished for birds under big alberry. Leafed oak and a or Coppery-tailed Trogon came + perched under canopy, 60' from me (wide canyon open rocky face) at 7000', "ponderosa" pine stands about 80' I still saw in canyon bottom now narrow! On slope to W, pines scattered, dominant. Mexican jays, before. Ruf-sided Towhee, or Hepatic Trogon near trail in bottom of draw. Large "ponderosa" pine fragment. Pair of Band-tailed Pigeons flushed from nest, pair 15' up in column oak. Tundra. Saw first lone ever, or of Sevirus . Occ. pass of before - ruf-sided Towhee. / 0815, passed large canyon break cutting frank- big builder worked down; rock face reddish. 0830, heard Coppery-tailed Trogon calls from side canyon when rock outcrop, other. Clou-clou- " in series of 5. / Saw small pines had 6" needles in females of 5 = ?), 7200'. / Three parrots flew on + perched in top of 100' yellow pine, when they probed w. little at core. Bunches of needles of cut trunk tree fell. a few other joined flocks. I walked under trees clapping my hands, & they remained, feeding + squawking! 7500', first Douglas fir, about 10' diam., 80' tall; also needle pine. Many 4" long green cones w. scales on tree. Some squirrel came from below. / Again, call of Coppery-tailed Trogon, Clou repeated 5-6x at 1/2 sec. intervals, slightly descending in pitch, about 8 pines. There about 200 yrs. up pine slope to E. of

E Koford 20 Journal Mexico. 28 June 1969. Canyon del Nido, Sierra del Nido, Chih. streambed. 7700', last apparent "Limbik" Pica. By trail near streambed, occas- sional shrub of Broussonia copulini, with 4-5 gm green fruits. Bourza Mexican Jays; Flicker; Caver (2) & Western Wood Peewee. Yellow Periwain better to 18" drain, 100' tall. Finally saw a Steller Jay (require water?) (but now water apparent). No Tillerania in this canyon! Occasional shrub in white flower; 445 same as on Mesa de los Venados. 8400', draws of bird canyon start. Large patch of 100+ Aspen, to 25' tall, on slope. Saw Jays; Rufous-sided Towhee; 2 Red-fored Warblers in pine & Quercus rugosa foliage at times. Occas oak & Douglas Fir; about 20/3 crow corn of cedar. A few white pines to 80', with long closed crown, + some 10' seedlings. / 1000', started up last slope to ridge, then low oak brush, mimbos, manganita, scattered cedar & pine, rock older. (Doctylus ? sp.) Occas cut-grass clumps. / 1035, at noon, 9100' indented (cushion too high). Pine needle floor under 18" drain. Yellow periwain. Saw 1 Townsend Solitaire in pine, low. 4/10 cloudy on S side of peak. P. rugosa shrubs, W Bluebird, Nairy Woodpecker (fed small pine tuber). Chipmunks. / I descended branch of bird's nest's canyon, when a horse trail, searching for water (the last Oct.). at 8700', gorbeach perched 100' from me in pine and called gub-gub-'' '''; 50' up in pine (whited). As I descended, he flew to other perches. I saw the nest, 50' up in a flat fork of their pine branch, next to bottom of draw, essentially open about 200'. Much whitewool, but no food remains under. Occasionally adult gave a whistly call. / I descended to 8500'. Bird followed me 200 yds beyond nest, then left. Found no water, so went back up past nest. I was beyond & level with it on slope before adult returned to perch 25 yds from me & call loudly. Apparently at least two large white-downy young in nest, with some large black feathers. As I continued away, second adult perched near me; the two in similar plumage, & both gave the same gubs. / Now lower Mexican Jays.

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C. Koford 21 Journal 28 June 1969. crest, Sierra del Mdz, Chih., Mexico. at 8750', on SW slope, some juniper & piñon. Big stand of manzanita near trail east is yellowish-green has little or no fruit. I looked for bee droppings, when found in October, but found none. | Started down Terodes canyon, checking altem. & turning away. 8500', foot of canyon. 4 pantera stop a snag, calling. 8000', start "limbu" piñon. 7400', large Douglas Fir (bount?). 1450, at red-rock fan bank to W. Windy, but, with occasional small clouds. | 7000', still "pardsora" piñon. Acorn Woodpecker. Engravers? (grey breast, yellowish old). 1510, heard chew - chew ... of C. t. Troyer on west side of stream; I squealed and a ? flew into cedar 50' from me. (away up) This was only 100' up trail from site where saw them morning. 150' upper started about 6800'; five "pardsora" piñon below. At last creek crossing, 6600', a Strehlke's Woodpecker on dead top small oak, canyon bottom. 1535. Arrived camp 1620, 6000'. | Bill & George had searched for Cortina Blackbirds, tent actively reported by Dane, w/o success, + also failed to see Blue-throated Humming dir'd seen by George on yesterday, near pools in C. Los Veros. But on their return they had seen a black bear, brownish color, about 50 yrs. old - ant, in mid-afternoon, near cairn-composite at foot of Arjuna. We all went to look at the tracker, which were fresh & clean in the dust. A small bear, its forefoot < 4" wide, + hind about 7" long. Nueve-foot showed clear crease from side to side across center of track. Bear had come out of rocky streambed, walked up dusty trail, + fled upslope into brush. Definitely no tumps, a grizzly-shaped head. | We went to headquarter for water, then drove toward the road to Providence Ranch homeroad. Near mouth of canyon we saw fly from ground a fair-sized long - tailed mostly white bird, hill shot, right half of tail black. We stalked it + flurried it 3 x, but failed to collect it. Fairly obviously a partial albino brown turkey, apparently normal in behavior, but not paired.

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C. Koford 22 Journal Chihuahua. Rancho Providencia, Sierra del Nido 28 June 1969 A few day before a mechanic at Providencia told us there was an all white bird near R. del Nido; we had snubbed at this. Went W. thru green gate, 3.7 (mi.) to Pajonito gate, then an 2 mi. to entrance R. Rincon del Olmo, thence up C. de la Modera to locked gate, 3 mi. from gate. Near mouth of C. del Nido, colour house, saw a white sided jachnallcat (3 or 4 saw it). Also, 11 parrots flew over, going toward plains for evening feed, high. Drew jeep along this foothill road, starting near Del Nido ranch houses. On plain in south saw 3 Sparrow Hawks, (usual Horned Larks, Meadow Lark, Lark Sparrows). And we flushed a pair of Keel Quail with 5+ chicks, domy & tiny but pin feathers of under wing about 1 cm. long. When parrots flew, chicks disappeared as if by magic - some went into month's burrow, which was partly crammed with dry weeds. Hard to catch- checked from low center to cattlewar, etc. 1/2 mile after turning off C. de la Madre road, flushed 2 Harlequin Quail, above mostly grass & only scattered shrubby cobs. On way to gate, flushed about 4 more pairs. In eve, 2 Booming Nightjar flew over, high, but booming. Heard Purwille (no Capemillgus) in see. Camped at 6 500' miles alt. (< 200 LPH). gate in cobs on dry rolling grassland. Cama de la Modera 29 June 1969. Sunday, Heard Purwille call early morning. Kingbirds noisy. A flock of 27 Parrots flew high over. Walked up canyon to old camp next trough, about 2 mi. Pink

C. Koford 23 Journal Mexico. 29 June 1969 Rancho Providencia, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua, I thought some of them were Turkey Vultures. Saw Band-tailed Pigeon, Brown Towhee, Chilesucker, Band-tailed Pigeon. Trogon followed along hillside, as if following me. Christmas looked up main canyon. Then all look to get off the road for Mojave Camp area. Along road saw 2 Asterix spilosoma on mounts in dry grassland. Also Meadowlark, Brown Towhee. Thursday: Rincón del Alamo Roadquarter, then N. thru ranch (Plan). Mesquite, Palo Verde, 50% grass & forbs. Pairs of Scaled Quail near road, Mockingbird. Occur. Chilopsis lush, area of Opuntia prickly pears. Rancho Plan had cottonwoods, 3 windmills, large house. Saw S. Kingbirds thru, + Barn Swallows in yard. Beyond to N., thick Palo Verde, then tall Mesquite zone. Oriole, Kingbird, Mockingbird. Passed thru layer, saw some birds for various other Lined Doves, Grasshopper Sparrow, Cliff Swallows, House Sparrows. Bad notes. Copper. Then on N. Mesquite large at first, then mostly Opuntia and grass. Rather barren or approached Cariteira. Turned W. Mojave Camp a paved road for 5 mi. Then turned S. on Mira Mojave road (good dirt + gravel road). About 4 mi. on, beginning of F. Larrea area, 6 mi. from road, reached the line of 30' walnut tree (dark green, shady) where MVZ gps. camped in 1961. Morning Doves, S. Kingbirds, Scott's Oriole / about 50 walnut trees, deep green foliage, to about 40', spread over area about 200 yds. long + 40 wide, across the dirt road at foot of a steep rocky slope to W. This slope vegetable, mesquite has cactus, shrubs, + some andropogon; very dry + desert appearing. On E. side of cottonwood walnut (which grew at edge of flat bottom), a zone about 100 yds wide of bunch grass ( Sporobolus ?) about 5' tall. Some of it burned off, some mixed with a little mesquite. Borders: Bordering gone to N+ E, from open mesquite shade, with heavy deer grazing between. This last area had some Digutongya mounds + trees. Beyond the mesquite, to NE, zone of Larrea on erosion pavement. Said square miles of Larrea, but apparently surrounded by other types. I set 15 snap traps on eastern-rock slope.

C. Koford Journal 24 June 1969 Sierra Mojina, Chihuahua, Mexico. This evening heard a Sereek Owl; at my imitation it came close in walnut trees and Erik bagged it (o 3908) with .38. Before shooting, hears call. Later played it & another came overhead, calling (not taken). Have a few late on road thru walnut in eve, but not failed to take any. 30 June 1969. Saw 2 Lesser Night Howler feeding over cactus hillslope; later 2 flushes in Larrea, from slagpile brush. Heard Sereek Owl, Howler Owl, at dawn. Coyotes showed in night nearby. Saw cottontail go down burrow in mesquite yuca. Many coyote tracks and droppings. | Icaroptera - latitator CBK 3947 by ants, but took on rocky slope: q, 1+grvs; min.; 183-106-20-18; skull (lost) "rough shin sand. Fresh Dipodomys tracks (large) in dust of mound on threated bare ground in Arroyos. In Larrea saw 1 pr. Black-chinned Sparrow, & x Cnemidophorus. In mesquite, Crissal Thrasher (?), Mockingbird. Ground (white-winged seen too) saw other birds in walnuts. | We departed for highway to N; about 3 mi. on, at entrance to Mojina min., a water "palm," where we worked. Big topelata for adult Bane qigera's. Many down nearby on ground & in mesquite brush, also C. Kinglet, Blue Grosbeak, & 2 White-necked Plover. Should be excellent site for Syc. no. [illegible] nesting late. Nearly saw 1 Red-tailed Hawk. Found a large Phrynosoma on road. |Drove on to sleepy B. Flores Moya, to get supplies. In town tree, grechler, plus Doves, & House Sparrow. | Leaving town to W., bridge elev. read +1484 m.; reset altimeter at 1050 ft. (200 higher than since Chihuahua on June 25). To E. of river, rolling country with miles of solid Larrea; it appears. Just across south side narrower bridge we took good dirt road south along escarpment toward Cope (mostly can) near river. Big cottonwoods, willowve, walnuts near river and road. About 2 mi. on we all (3) saw 2 Icaroptera by roadside. To W. mainly desert scrub; the mixel with dry grassland. To E., cope by a river & grassland began. About 6 mi. out, reached town of Los Lagos; very ugly, with water drain down about 25' above highest level.

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C. Koford Journal 30 June 1969. Santa Clara River, 5400', Chihuahua Mexico Old high shoreline jumbled w. cottonwood logs. Bottom (dry) stems with rotted cholla & prickly pear stems. Many dead large trees (cottonwoods?) sticking out of muds above lake surface. On one of these tree skeletons near lake center, was about 6 stick nests. The 3 lower were swan's, & on 2 seemed to be setting a [illegible]. The One of the The highest nest bore a Great Blue Heron and apparently 2 jims; 2 similar nests appeared empty. We saw all at range 200 yds or so on hot day w. binoculars, as details not clear. B.P. saw a comant fly from nest tree. Coste - many scattered clay shoreline among old posts dead trees; at least 7 in 100 m. Whole lake surrounded by pale brown hills - rocky, w. grass, cactus, & brush. / To S. of lake & few miles (10 from Cariteo), con. 3' tall in level green fields or mud bottom, & also edged w. big walnut, willow, cottonwoods, & oases. fruit trees. Ocas. we saw Mockingbirds & Bob White Quail's. / Arrived at spread out pleasant adobe town of San Diego, 13 mi. S. of Cariteo. A few store then, & a few hundred people, apparently. Then drove on about 5 mi. to where road descended to cross the river. The water was clean & running, 8-50' wide, & contained many fish to about 6" long. Banks rocky, sandy, & lined irregularly w. large cottonwoods (some 6' ft. dbh), willows, walnuts. Some patches mosquito on bottom too. To W. of the green strip, ocotillos, cactuses, rocky slopes, & dry short grass land beyond. Many frogs in river. I found a 6 "turtile shell. saw Black Phalar, C. Longbird, M. Dover, a few W.W. Doves, Bandtailed Pigeons, Mockingbirds 2 Orchard Orioles, Curve billed Thrasher, heard "chasing" of Yellow-billed Cuckoos. In eve, Lesser Nighthawks flew over stream. A forest Blue Heron flew-on. Heard no Copimulges or Poorwill calls. But food calls common. Noted a number of larks over river. Took & released 2 Morning Doves. / after dark a local delegation called (with firearms) to ask what we were doing,

Journal 30 June 1969 (5 mi. S. of San Lorenzo) Rio Santa Clara, 5400', Chihuahua, Mexico. But no habit problems. Large entertain with owl voice recordings. No habitations within 4 miles, but occasional house or car traffic. River drinkable. We looked app- arantly for catching fish. Mesa del Apache dominated eastern skyline, appar- ently since atop that mountain. 1 July 1969. Much moving bird activity. Saw 2 pairs Bronzed Cowbirds on rocky shore, displaying. Killdeer. Pair Orchard Oriole: Bellbird's Warbler (1). Perches on low bare branches of trees. Mockingbird singing. In mesquite patch, saw 2 prs. Seeded Quail. White-breasted Nuthatch on big limbs of oaks. House Sparrow, House Finch (flock 20+ feeding lawn ground), Barn Swallow. Many Lake Sparrows near with House Sparrows. Soil smell gre. Bankswallows Pigeons in trees. Brown-headed Cowbird (1). In a 25' tall cottonwood, saw a Tomcat Scanning apacal which allowed approach to 20'. It appeared freshly, healthy, & much excited by my speaker. (Came down for water to feed on the Papadrian? -the white-taw 2 cm. drain + edible). On a branch over river, 4 junc. Barn Swallows (old fled). 7 Mexican Ducks flew 100'over. Blue Grosbeak in mesquite meadow. 2 Ash-throated Flycatcher fought in mesquite. A Best Blue Heron flewover, low. Acorn Woodpecker in cottonwood-walnut area. A Cree. killed Thrush called inside top, walnut. Found Hog-nosed Snake season. Brown Towhee - foraged at edge water, on gravel w/100 cover. | I saw a few Snow Deer in willows + heard others in cottonwoods. White-throated swift flew over river cotton trees. Red-breasted Woodpecker (2) in cottonwood. Saw juice Black Hawk, perched, being disheveled by C. Kingfisher. D.P. said he saw a cornman (E.C. also saw it, and) murmer Skunk and two young men rode up agitatedly & asked if we had an "arrow." I said, "no." Then he said that he had seen an animal "way fro" in a cow a short distance spectrum; a "get money." We followed them; they rode us some more on their horses 2-3 x. Finally we came to 20' streambeds red cliff with some small caves. In one, about Sciurus Bobcat

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C. Kofard 27 Journal 1 July 1969. Rio Santa Clara, Chihuahua, Mexico 6' above water, was an adult Bob-Cat in full view, huddled against rock of cave about 4' deep. Some five approached to about 20', to take photo, the cat ran out, up the rocks & away. | Both squirrels - on or off 5' level on rocky slope! (crossing to S. bank immediately) We departed for Mesteros. Road wound around hills, sometimes rocky, with much ocotillo, & other tumer dry grass. Occasional gates. | About 11 mi. S. of San Lorenzo (on road), we looked down on string of cottonwoods along the river and saw in top of one small group, 6 first Blue Herons (including 2 or dead juven.), 6 fresh appearing nests, + some old nests in topg trees. | About 1/2 mi. S. of S.L., road broke farther to E. of canyon and higher into the hills, so more grass & less ocotillo. When boulders + ocotillo, no greenery, I saw 2 Bob-Cats. | About 15 mi. S., oaks and junipers, + about 19 mi. S., dry grassland hills with live oaks to 30' high, 1/2 drain along draws. There saw black-headed Grosbeaks, a few Woodpeckers, W. Bluebirds, Brown Towhees, Mexican Jays. Bluebirds, towhee, grosbeaks fed on open grounds under an oak. Many gates, winding road, + ups + downs, slow going. | Canyons with willow, walnut, cottonwoods (saw W.W. Pares, House Finches, Lark Sparrows. | Passed through Ranchos Los Animas, the farthest N. I reached last fall. Then on to Ortega, & W. to road to ranches El Mesteros. Saw flocks 30+ Horned Larks on way. Also Lark Sparrows, Meadow-Larks. | Drove toward Mesteros Ranch. First oak trees were "blue oak" and grew their flat O-shiny (on both sides) leaves. On into ranch and campfire at Llano. [After bobcat incident, one of the men told me that about 2 yrs. ago some black bear came down to the Santa Clara River]. | Before dark, Spotted Owls started calls from cliffs E., and hisstion from comps; soon they were quiet loudly (go to feed?). Heard whip-poor-wills early, Poor- wills late. | Put up 1/2 net across stream puddles (nearly dry except for about 2 stretches of about 100 yds.) & took about 20 bats in 2 or

C. Koford Journal To Loron, Rancho El Mestero, Chihuahua, Mexico. 1 July 1969. 3 hrs. First caught was Slectus; then few of them, but about 10 p.m. took 5 Slectus at once. Net took no later 10:30 p.m. to dawn. Cool dew night. Two White-tailed Deer fled from near spring when we arrived. Everything still looks very dry. Low oak brush w. brown sky leaves, & many oaks on slope bluffs. 2 July 1969. Near Llano, in canyon, saw Painted Redstart, W. Bluebird, M. Dove, Stellar Jay, C Kingbird, Flicker, House Finch, Caver (?) Kingbird, Turkey Vulture, C-t. Trogon. In air flock: Chipping Sparrows, 2 titmice, 2 Dushtlits, 2 chickadees; about 12 in all. 10+ Dushtlits in gp. in pine; disturbed by Pigeon and owl call. Written (?) Uris, Brown Creeper. Near C-t Trogon on pine and rockslope seemed to respond to imitated calls. Sp. of Mexican Jays, 10+, including juven. Saw a fledgling Stellar Jay. Saw a Canyon Wren flushed up Chupco del Alamo. Saw C-t Trogon at Ojito fork. Found fresh green cone core of white pine. This pine & Douglasfi had many cones. Saw a squirrel in a white pine; it froze about 4' out on a limb about 40' ups, lying close to top of limb. Proved to be a 7, post-limbiny, with no nick at nipple and no cut scars (cut from 50 mm x 4). In flock saw chickadees, titmice, and may Dushtlits (6+ total) in shady canyon bottom; came close slowly Pigeon and owl call. Red-forested wren in oak branches. White-lin. Nuttatch on oak trunk; came to Pigeon Owl call. Two hawks flew over. Another Red-forested Wren. Heard 4 Coppery-tailed Trogons in about 1 mile of canyon, from Llano to Ojito. Early morning heard Spotted Owl call from camp, & C-t Trogon calls too. A net near stream took Chipping Sparrow, Brown Thrasher. Along the streamside I saw Chip. Sparrow, Robin, Acorn Woodpecker, Stellar Jay, C-t Trogon, Black-headed Grosbeak (?), Painted Redstart. James fed on ground in that grove near water. W. wood Perice lumbles from low perch in clearing (this bird widespread in Delit, from low to high altitude, somewhat elusitive). Mexican Jays - saw gp. 6+, including yellow-billed jays. Walked up canyon to Samuel area, then

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C. Koford 29 Journal 3 July 1969 Arago del Alamo, Sierra del Nido Chivolvina ascended to W edge of Mesa de los Venados. A band of 8+ Chickadee w. 2+t Titmice. Band of BushTit w 2 war. Many Bluebird, robin, chipping sparrow. To edge of muddy reservoir. On shore, Chipping Sparrow, W. Bluebird, Brown. Red-bellied Coelibr (5+ new cars). Over water, Violet-green Swallow, Brown Sparrow, Martens (also drove a wing). A Turkey Vulture at edge pool. When we first approached reservoir, it was still 200 yds away, a gp. of 16+ large Turkeys ran N from (shade?) near pool; then a gp. of 20+ ran S far over the water. No chielr. There were two ldlirer, carefully made of sticks, near the water. [Baza said that Juan, a Mormonite, had recently killed about 8 turkeys on the level, here & at Alamo. He shot them w/ shotgun.] On Mesa we saw four lorjads, no smoksr. A partly overcast sunny day. We descended Ojts - birds very quiet, even near the living spring. In the old Sawmill area, saw 2 Red-faced Warblers, Mexican Jays, Steller Jay juvs./Returned to camp. Looked along cliffs for Spotted Owl nest; found only a feather, but flushed owl from a tree. Also flushed a pair of Harlequin Quail. Clouds increased & heavy rain came up canyon. Not enough to make creek run, but freshened things considerably. Spotted Owl calls after rain, before dark. Light rain at night, but cleared up. Loran 4 July 1969. A C-t Trogon came to stream near our net. Again saw jnr. Steller Jays. Saw pair of Harlequin Quail near Lloran spring. Saw 3 White-breasted Nuthatchers in orites (family?). Baza reported finding a Pass-will nest on W-aspect slope near camps. | We drove down to Masters Ranch headquarters, then to Laura cattlegrind, and drove toward Masters arroyo. E. Saw a Loggerhead Shrike (highest seen? about 7000'). Thrasher. Spotted Sandpipr in ports, 2 Daisy Ducks or pond & whi albacar bousers. | Baza said that he saw young turkeys (albac) [high ?] with 2 adults about a week ago. | Lloran Cooo indicated, Masters ruin, 7600' i. elev. We walked 500 yds down Martin's, stumbled to old '461 lower MV-2 camps.

C. Koford 30 Journal 1961 Lower camp 4 July 1969 Arroyo Mesteño, Sierra del Nidy, Chihuahua A few spots drinkable water this. Many silver-leaf oak in bottom. Cliffs 100' high. Juniper tree. Grave plate. Bottom 50 yds. wide, streamed 20'. (Checked). Have said both spotted & Great Horned Owl taken here. Pr. of Hepatic (?) tanager in a = ask oak pine tree, edge gravel. A few red-height pine in camp area. | We drove an up canyon. Saw a Rock Wren on boulders in dry site. In narrow part canyons blue olins; heard calls of 2 Copper-tailed Trogon. 100% overcast, sultry. To cabin for [at Mesteño Topin], saw one with 3 fledglings]. campsite. Barn Swallows in attic now had 4 nestlings (hatched since last visit). Violet- green swallows flying near cabin. | Dove rooting & calling in oak near cabin. Occasional few Band-tailed Pigeons near. Scanning saw a Cottontail in scrubby oak 1/4 mile N of cabin. In evening had Spotted Owl call from cliffs S. of cabin. Heard Whip- poor-wills in evening. North of an hour after dark but heard a sow no game or owls; very quiet. Set 11 live traps in rocks among tree on slope behind cabin (caught 3 Pinyons). | Put up net between blue oak tree and small pine (caught 3 loris [put in formalin]) and a Ridgetail Owl between. 10 p.m. & 7 a.m. The owl was in net 1 1/2' from dead lot (Gatesicus?) which 5 July 1969. was dead + had punctures in one ear, + bloody ear (other 2 both alive). Presumably Fox and attacked but in net. (Kept and or pet.). Apricicle last night; clears after morning. Heard C.-t. Trogon calling 1/4 miles W., in Mesteño arroyo. | Of the 3 Pinyons taken, # 187-94-20-19, 6 mt. scars; # 191-99-21-19, 5 mt. scars, + juv. of. One saved. | Near cabin, C. Kauglis', Acorn Woodpecker, Fledgling W. Wood Mouse. | George went up Mesteño to nest Card Trogons. Cribet & I went up Mesteño to San Mill Flot, where we flushed pair Northern Quail from their diggings under shrubs. Ascending a side slope we saw 4 White-tailed Deer, 2 or 3 w. 2" antlers in velvet, doe + yearling. Saw W. Bluebird feeding on ground. Flock of Bushtit came near. | Near old MVZ camp, saw a Squirrel in scrubby pine, about 9 a.m.] About 9% overcast, somewhat threatening. In contrast to wil

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C. Koford Journal Chihuahua Arroyo Mesteño, Sierra del Nds. 5 July 1969 cabin to upper m. fle. 600' July of last year, no mushrooms now, nor the red "snow flowers." We hiked to upper finc Mesteño (above O. del Yagua fall) and ascended NE flank about 1/2 mile to a spring. Found no deer trails, a note, en route. Near spring, slopes mainly covered with Quercus rugosa (brown pubescent beneath), about 5' high. / Continued up to gozboulie meit. Young now mostly in deciduous leaf, with tufts down showing through. As I crossed a rocks slab w. no bush cover, adult doe at me to about 20'. Deer & light rain commenced. We ascended to ruin, at head of twin radio trail, to camp (1500' above cabin; about 9100' elev.). New camp saw little guy, Junco Pygmy Nuthatch (abundant), Bewick's Warbler (?), House Wren, Carver (?) Flycatcher, Lewis (?) Hummingbird, Parrots -- to 25 in flocks, about sunset. Saw 5 deer in Quercus on slope. Set 5 snap traps near logs, shrubs, grass (caught 4 mice; Peromyscus - saved 5 or 7 separately) # (200-108-22-24) skull for identification. A # (181-95) had tester 7x5. (some 20% loss?) 6 July 1969 In pine - Q. rugosa, zone. Saw gpr. 9 Pygmy Nuthatches in one bird in pines. W. Bluebirds - perched on stubs. Another solo had lobed leaf, dull surface, velvety feel, shrub to 5'. We hiked up toward summit. Douglas Fir, white Lewis prominent; also a "yellow" pine w. 6" needle, unarmed limbs. Before -- crowns spanned in shrubs on summit. Other flock Pygmy Nuthatch . Crest # 2100 ft. above cabin (7900' elev.). Parrots perched in trees on summit -- in 2's or 3's. On top 30' pines, I saw 3 Olive Warbler, one a #. // Veg. at summit: 2 birds Drumsgreen (collected at 9000'). Here w. 3-5 needle per fascicle; 3" long. Douglas Fir & white pine = about 40% of trees. A few bushy madrones. Wildrosin: 5 needle, 7" long, pea-green, some unarmed (blunt tip umbro), reddish backs w. color. The lower-high oak shrub. Quercus rugosa. Heard Flickers, Woodpeckers. Found nest of finches under clump dry grass, on N. slope, 2' from snow.

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C. Koford 32 7/6 Journal 5 July 1969 Arroyo Mestazo, Sierra de Nido, Chilahuaca boulder, 10 yds from penin; about 9300'; 3 fuzzy new nestlings. Returns to bivouac, then visited goshawks nest area again. Only one adult in vicinity. One resting now set up on tanki high. Overcast, intermittently sprinkling. Back at cabin area heard C-t. trogon call from opposite slope. George had recorded Earls Trogon. He played both calls of Spotted Owl, & were answered from slope opposite. He played calls of Pygmy Owl, and was not answered. [W]L. Leuze had over about 2am, but seems to be developing a drool patch. Monday 7 July 1969 Drizzly morning. Walked to foot of Varitas Rock. Saw pair Harlequin Quail at edge bottom; they ran up into brush slope. Depot of bottom grass now green, from recent rain. Another pair harlequin quail. Zigzaged up slope, calling in bubble-brusts. At Varitas, yet another pair at edge bottom. Saw rillatulae at foot slope at edge bottom - did rains make them more conspicuous? or overcast? [illegible] also saw more white rain streaks. One bunny 3/4 grown, w/o ear marks. Departed cabin & drove down Mestazo. 500' drop, cabin to point of leaving streambed. On flatish savannah E. of cottleguard, saw Ash-throated Flycatcher, Scull Jay, Mexican Jay, pair of Repetitive Trogons, Acorn Woodpecker. [Mestazo] Lift panel via cottleguard & drove S. Mourning Doves, Mexican Jays, W. Mesaslabber, [illegible], Red-tailed Hawk, Tanager (red), C. Kingfisher, 1 Booming Night-haula. Pines mainly the Nth 3 needles are. [Pampas], down to about 6600' level. Oaks ended 6500'; 5.3 mi. below cottleguard. Last crossing Mestazo at 6100'; 9.3 below cottleguard. Threatening clouds. Bought cheese, supplies. Then towards Barabo Canyon del Alamo. En route saw 3 Blue Grosbeaks (2 off), on flat grasslands near brush [illegible]. About 2 miles out on

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C. Koford 33 Journal Chihuahua, Mexico Cañon del Alamo, Sierra del Mds. 7 July 1969 plain, a Prairie Falcon landed 50 yds. from me, a Brown-headed Cowbird in its claws. It fed, & when flushed flew only 50yrs. before landing again, still with 'its' prey. There are rock bluffs in hills 2 miles to N.; potential nesting sites. | At Cooyt in heavy rainstorm, which flooded roads, but finally arrived at ranch & talked with Sebastian Barrera. No recent arrival experiences from here. We camped 1/2 mile above houses. | Up canyon I saw jibs, spotted Toucanet, Mexican Jays mobbed an owl (Great Horned?). Few 6300' (6500 of 51 store; 7500 m. Colin) birds out in light rain. Camped there. Saw a few cottontails in brush of canyon bottom. | Near the "51" store and in Cañonments 51 we saw House Sparrows & House Finches. On road about 2 miles S. of mouth Cañon del Alamo, we saw a Badger dead on road among ploughed fields near grazing land. | Whip-poor-will & Por willie called at night. 8 July 1969: Drizzle continued all night and until about 0830. saw a Curve-billed Thrasher atop an ood. | Sparrow Hawk flew over. Several W. Bluebirds seen. | I walked up Cañon Escandido. Saw 2 does well (up grass slope among oaks & mesquites. In canyon, F. Loder, Streakless Woodpecker. Canyon about 100 yds. detur. walls, 100' high, cliffs in some areas. Bottom had juniper, ash, blue oak, silvery-leaf oak, pinyon pines (to 100'), small-leaved pine (3 needle, 3"). On mesa above, open st and oaks about 15' tall, some juniper, rare piñon - many Chipping Sparrows, occas. Brown Towhee. | About 1/2 mile N. of camp heard Gopher- tailed Trogon calling near canyon bottom. Finally saw 2 ?? in a brief conflict, a ? nearby. One of had tetsi 4 mm (Eila kept it for souvenir). | Scattered cloude now, then heavier cloude again & light showers. We departed Rancho del Alamo. About half way to main road (4 mi. for ranch), found a dead Gopher Snake in road, between C 1 CBK3915 EJK 10. speci ``` In MV 2 ``` } ```<end_of_text> ```

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C. Koford 34 Journal 8 July 1969 Mennonite Plain, Sierra del Ndo, Chihuahua. Two ploughed fields. (Much ploughing today, after yesterday's rain - the first hard rain & good soak of the summer.) About 2 mile. of Canal de Pástor, (Audlon?) saw a small Cottontail in grass near vine fence, on flat rocky range. On its Pasoeter headquarters, where several black burnt trees in yard. No more familiar point; a pin-forked winding declin ground. Nearby, 2 Digo Ducka dropped in to pond. I saw a Boot-tailed Grackle fly note, carrying headlegs of a frog (R. pupina?) in bill. I drew 5. across Pasoeter bomb, at our post saw 10+ Mexican Ducka and one Arcest. We saw no good white on route. Trees dry but still plenty; not grayed off. Meadowbalm, note, on small high points in grass. I went to area of 1961 MVZ camp, when this is now a small adobe (which we appropriated for shelter from coming rain). At the rock wall, we saw 2 cottontails; they took refuge in cave well. Saw: Blue Jay-like, a Great Blue Heron flying, Barn Swallows. Dps. of Mexican Ducka to 7, flew over bottom, going N. Green flat bottom - grass, planted corn, long cattewood + willow tree, cattail + rush swampy areas, water on the part - the foot of dry- dry rocky, green slope, which leads up to many spread blue color (J.guinea) and lava boulders. Dry grass rolling hills & cultivated fields to W. of river bottom. George reported seeing yellow-throats. A group of Hereford cattle grazed on green flat bottom. A narrow strip of still water in bottom at edge of flat, the main river hidden in trees to W. I Booming Nighthawk hoomed overhead in ore. Agastofor rummags in thick grass. Light rain over & night. 9 July 1969 Rio Santa Clara, Sierra del Ndo, Chihuahua. B. Morning 9/10 acreest, calm. Nighthawk fed low near our adobe. Small grp. Mexican Ducka flew by, up to 7 members. On water I saw 1 foot. Many + turtles in still water strip. Red-winged Blackbirds - occasional pair; I found a nest in cattails which grew in a winding narrow strip wending thru green

C. Koford 35 Journal 7 July 1969 Rio Santa Clara Sierra del Ndo, Chihuahua grassland - 2 skul blue eggs w. brown periling, one end. C. Kingbird frequent. Killdeer - saw about 5 in 1 hr. Acorn Woodpeckers in blue oak of slopes, and also big dead cottonwood of bottom. 2 together. Ash-throated flycatcher in willow tree of bottom. Orchard Oriole - 2 singles. Morning Doves - often (or); found nest w. pin-feathered nestlings only 4' up on a lively small isolated willow tree, in a 15' isolated willow, adult + 2 feathered juvs. (could fly 50yds) setting, about 8' up. Sparrow Hawk - 3 in 1 hr.; bottom & blue oak. One flock 12 Mexican Doves - flushed no singles; not nesting here yet? Met about 5 dorsal gentlemen (yellow dark stripes) in 1 hr., in wet green grass. 2 Bullock Orioles (black throat, wing bar) in isolated 25' willow. 2 Mockingbirds. 3 Flickers - in blue oaks, adjacent willows. Lark Sparrow - on ground, dry grass, near & in blue oaks. / George went hunting & logged White-tailed Jackrabbits. / Day continued 8-10/10 cumulus, but no rain by midday. / Occas. Brown Tanager on boulders in dry grassland. / Drove west to Mormonite store (fresh meat?), & quesadillas. Saw 5 Badger dead on road 1 mi. W. of Bridge. River ran about 10' wide, muddy. Near store saw House Sparrow conference. Returning, saw a Swainson Hawk on fencepost, 1/2 mile E. of Bridge. Three Turkey Vultures at the bodega canons. Drizzled from 1300-1700. George said he found partly complete Yellowthroat nest, & that he saw quail (sp.? ) in dry grasslands near camp. / I looked for birds on bottom among trees willow & cottonwoods 1600-1815. Saw 10+ Green-backed Daddfisher, & Yellowthroats (in the willows), 5+ single Little Green Herons, 5+ Summer Tanagers (very red @; some in yellow clothing) distress plumage w. a few diffuse red patches on scapulars; juvs?). W.W.Para 2, Blue Grosbeaks, 8+ (pink Dan drooping, low cottonwoods, and on dry stolon tall fabs). White-breasted Nuthatch - 2; in willow timber. Danny (?) Woodpecker (outer tail feathers white), Flickers, 5+, including 2 juvs. to- gether, flying clumsily. Sparrow Hawks, 5 - including gp. of 3 juveniles

C. Koford Journal 9 July 1967 Rio Santa Clara, Sierra del Nido, Chihuahua in me tree. C. Kingbird - 30+. Snailers - 2 together, glossy black. Red-winged Blackbird - 5+, singles, 7+ 2 s. Killdeer - 5+. Juv. Robin (speckled breast). [ = Lesser Screech Owl ] Scraping ducks - lead dull black, or brownish and mottling posterior half rocks; sandpipers prob. some we saw in flooded pool, as can fly; in extreme nw. comp. Mexican Duck - 50+. Flushed as from swamps among willows, but found no nest. Bewick's Wren - on atop willow bush. Orchard Oriole - pv., + 3+ blue, (10') in low thick willows. M. Dove - 30+; found 3 nests, all on thick branch as of tree willower; one with 2 eggs visible, 16' up; other 10'-12', nr. no young visible. Sand Jay - on or near branch cottonwood. Barnswain Nighthawk - flew at 5/15. Civa selected a Vernalia Flycatcher, said to saw quail (prob. Nodalquin, in dry grass area). Evening - many M. Doves flew over bottom in gps. up to 9 - perhaps 50 passed in 1 hr. 2 Great Blue Herons flew over above. Red-tailed Hawk - we pursued by 3 C. Kingbirds. [Yellowthroated Warbler 4+] in tree willows near fall-covered openings of bottom. 10 July 1967. Rain last night. We listened for 1+ hrs. after dark, but heard no dangerous birds. I took walk in bottom 0730-1000. Saw [illegible] Meadowlark, Sparrow Nevadsky Killdeer 5+, M.Dove, B-H Dazaskeake (2), Hummingbird (red size, [ = 2 Broad-tailed? ]) dark gorget, gray back, gray breast dark tail (mobile), straight bill, green back: ?? 6+ (10') Mockingbird, Mexican Duckers, Blue Grosbeak, Bewick's Wren, Bird Daffodil 8+ (droop of 5 in bare top of willow), small flock w. black skin, yellow breast, brown back: ?. Brown-headed Cardinal - one ad or displayed + "glunk" as in (aunt tail f. white) front of 4 n.juv. [Hairy?] Dainty Woodpecker (3). Green Herons (in 2, 3x) Lake Spar- row (usually edge of bottom area). Red-tailed Hawk - apparent juv. in bare cottonwood; 3 Kingbirds dive at it, + pursued it in flight. 2 Sand Jays same tree. Flushed Senn Woodpecker. Pair of Nodalquin Duck - in patch of green rocks, edge cornfield, nr. few + willow - 300 yds. to ools. Half-grain Cattail? [Racoon trochus]. H. Quail - flushed pair 20' from blue oak tree.

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C. Koford 37 36 Journal Chihuahua 10 July 1969 Rio Santa Clara, 6200', Sierra del Nido, in dry grass by small boulders. Blue side had C. Keylardi, Acorn Woodpecker, Curve-billed Thrasher (1), M. Dove. /Orange skato & Yellowthroat, which had 3 empty follicles (3-4 mm), large ventricles, & further down around ventral aiterium (brood patch starting). /Coke shot a Blue Grosbeak, tester 9x7 mm. Yesterday a Vermillion Flycatcher, t, 4 am. /I saw Ferruginous (some?) Hawk fly over bottom. Blue Grosbeaks fairly common. /Rain to about 8 am, then dry light overnight. We departed for Carpenter head- quarter, where we saw a long-billed Curlew and a Marbled Godwit walking together on short grass. /About 2 miles to E., on road, picked up a large Phygrosoma douglasii in plowin' grass. Near Carpenter's 5) we saw 1 Juvin- saw Hawk, Turkey Vulture, Raven. We drove on east to head of Canyon Santa Clara (6900', if 51 strc 6 500'). Scrub Jay above pass, in syracuse orchin. Saw a Badger run into hole alongside road. /Descended road. Water running in stream from very head, & road covered with water many areas. Saw no trogons; figtree now dried, fruit flowering. at Pecosina, saw Harris Finch, Harris Sparrow, Brown-headed Caruleis (on ground m. cam). /About 3 min E. Peccinina, a Rob- roller. In big cottonwood area near adobe shocks, 1 Luna Dove. An Acorn Woodpecker picked head from root-side tree, when saw about June 2 t, at Campagna camp, no Bird or Nestotic Tanager or W.W. Lewis nests previously observed, but a Robin still in nest in ash near water. Stream running muddy water, so "springs" muddied. No running water up Noria Canyon. Noria canyons. /In evening, Road & car-3 jurs. Searched Oaks in trees near camp, perked 5-10' up; caught one in a butterfly net - released. /Heard Poor-willer calling. Many glowing, Ostrered butter flying in early night. Heard &

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C.KoFord 38 Journal Chihuahua Can? de Santa Clara (5300 S.del N.) 10 July 1969 Saw Nycta beronicola in clear pool of a tributary. 11 July 1969. Departed 05:30 for Chihuahua. Saw Ravens, probably white-necked, on pasture & flying en route. Left shotgun with Davis, got mail at Delegacion Forestal, stopped a bit, & returned to Can? de Santa Clara by noon. Rain set in off last night, but none this morning. We departed about 2 p.m. & drove N. To El Hueco; grasslands both sides of road, tho after much mosquito too. Farther N., same area of Llanos. We stopped 1/2 hr. on the Medanos near Sanomayuco; many lizards, mammals & insect-traps. Resisted Quail (1). Then drove about 2 mi. E. of Sanomayuco and sawked away champs of mosquito in fine hard sandy area. Saw several Johnrabbits (black-tailed) and Cattaloids within 1/4 hr. there, & many lizards, rodent burrows. Heard coyotes call in evening. Reskicked for border crossing. 12 July 1969. Continued on to journey. No inspection on Mexican side, and minor on U.S. side except for live caterpillar for which Christman had a permit. We had to leave that for fumigation and mailing to Berkeley. Visited Thacker's in Las Cruces. Then on toward Berkeley. End of trip Specimens: CBK nos. 3901-3918 pos. +4173-4333 (mostly lots in formalin) G.C. - 2 turtles G.P. - bird skins, donated to MVZ.

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C.B.Koford 1969 Catalogue #4001 - 4172 Peru

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c Koford 1969 1969 Specimen Catalog Perc change to 12000' 2 August 25 mi. S. Huaraz, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. [12500]. [Rio Santa Valley] 4001 downy nestling Nothoprocta ornata (Granichie?) 15 gms. (dead long.) also parts about 4 eggs in nest. Found in nest among dwarf three-high ichu on E. slope, green substrate. 4002 ♀ lost. ov. 4mm Nothoprocta ornata (Granichie?) est. 400 gms. Crop had about 2 oz. small seeds, 1 mm. diameters, + 6 mm. 'onions'. What in evening on flat among three-high ichu, 100 yds. from streams. 4003 ♀ ad., or 4/mm. Circolorz 30 gms. along small stream in ichu grassland. 3 August 4004 ♀ t.3 Nothoprocta ornata 280 gms. [12 mi. by road from Cotat] [Pierococha Lake] 4 August 4 mi. S. ♀ mi. E. Recuay, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 12500' s.o. white-checked chestnut br., furnarid? (Quevina trees?) 4005 ♀ one. Oreomanes frastri 12 gms., no fat. br. patch (edema) 4006 ♀ lg. ov. 1 Amazilia 8 gms, no fat 5 August 4007 ♀ emb. 2 R3h, C.R 23 Calomys Phylotis sorellus 166-71-18-18, 30g. Under edge granite boulders, surrounded by tall ichu grass, mod. E. slope. 3 August 4008 ♀ ob. sc. 3R2h Calomys Phylotis sorellus 158-65-18-17, 20 gms. Rock walls in tall ichu grass, gentle W. slope. Before 9 p.m. 4 4009 ♀ ut. sc. 3L1R. Calomys sorellus 140-53-17-19, 15 gms. Dissected: min., ♀, 9 gms.; ♀, 10 gms., repro. inactive; also ♀ 10 gms. minor. Rock walls in ichu on gentle W. slope. Before 9 p.m. 5 August 4010 ♀ ut. sc. 2R2h Calomys sorellus ? 146-57-19-17, 18g. shell broken 4011 ♀ t. 7 x 5 Colomys sorellus 137-58-18-17, 15 gms. Thick ichu grow at low shrub at edge streambed. 4012 ♀ no emb. Oryzomyz 175-103-21-15), 10 gms Drie. of 9 gms., b. z.; of 10g, b. z. [m. Long dist over.] Under bushes near streambed; shady, green, damp. 6 August 4013 ♀ t. 11 x 6 Phyllostis pictus 217-98-27-20, 52 gms. 4014 ♀ sc., 1Rth Calomys 155-68-20-17, 21gms. Phyllotitis sorellus ? lact.

9/14 in Pers.R 3 Desé. Desé f ab. bd. 26 spec. f ab 25 lost t.j ut. scars 3R 2L. dt ab 21g. t. 4x3 9 Desé. " " " " " " " " " " = 12 total f Pand. 32 dt Pa 28 fot Pa 25 t. 4x2 f ———— 28, ut sc. 2R 3L L ———— 23, ut lower along; no scars dt ———— 28g, same . t. 3x2 fL 19 ut. h. elong, no scars. L 15 ut. und fused. f 13 ut. cordul.

CKoford 2 1969 Specimen Catalog 7 August 6 mi. SSW Cahul Tunnel, Dpt. Ancash, Peru. 13000' 4015 f ut.sc.,2l 2R Calomys sorellus f. 154-66-19-16, 21 gms. Small rod wall in short bunchgrass on low ridge. Diptherana? 4016 ↓ t.5 Furnariid 23 gms., no fat. 8 August 4017 4 comb. f l.k 3R, c.R 22 Calomys sorellus 15-8-69-19-17, 29 gms. Bare of roguery clumps on dry N. slope (zone rocks) near 1' siltu. ↓ 4018 ↓ t.t. Calomys durithus sorellus 130-57-18-16, 14 gms. Furnariid - wren? 4019 ↓ t.t 12 gms. 9 August Callan, 2 Km. S. 11 Km. W. Huaraz, Dpt. Ancash, Peru. 13000'. 4020 f Calomys durithus sorellus 124-54-18-16, 11 gms. Shrub at side trail on mod. slope. lact. 4021 f ut.sc., 3R2L Phyllois prictus 202-90-24-21, 46 gms. (And trichularin reimsae) Bare rocks well below trail on mod. slope, shot quest, 100' from stream. sk. Vass. 4022 ↓ t.l wren 11 gms., no fat. sk./2 oss.,t. Furnariid 4023 f juv. 19 gms. [ Llaco pampa, Heda. Tascan] 10 Aug. 1 Km. N. 12 Km. E. of Pariacoto, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 8500' [8000'?] s.o. 4024 t.2 Zonotrichia capensis 24 gms., sl. fat. Tyrannid 4025 ↓ t.l Caprimulgid 16 gms. 4026 f imm. 32 gms., mod. fat. Short daylight, brush & dry low ground on mod. slope; saw 4 others in area. Orestis tyrannulet 4027 ↓ t.z 6 gms., sl. fat. 223-112-28-22, 38 gms. (tail tip broken short) 11 August f Phyllois magister 4028 l a. f. t. Phyllois triduum 266-89-26-21, 38 gms. 4029 f p.-partum (bloody) Phyllois triduum " " ↓ 4030 ↓ t.10 x 5 237-126-26-21, 38 gms. Faint fluffy spot chest. Dark rufes feet. Above all on green-lushy slope between terraces, near rock walls. Sparrow 4031 ↓ t.l 22 gms.

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C. Koford 3 Specimen Catalog [El lago, 8000'] 1969 12 August 1 Km. N., 12 Km. E. of Pariacoto, Dpto. Ancash, Peru, 8500'. bank, white throat brink & rock, steep slope. 4032 ? t.1. sl. fat, 16 gms. Tiny hummer 4033 sex? no fat, 2.2 gms. Hummer (Discarded larger ?, t.1) 4034 sex? mod. fat, 7 gms. amb. 2R, 2L, 4035 ? C-R'18. Phyllostis andium 235-126-26-21, 72 gms. Base both well in mod. brush on mod. slope near irrigation canal. Discarded also: ? 32 gms. t. 9x5, ? 30 gms. t. 9x6, ? 32 gms. t.10x5, ? 22 gms. ut. undist.; ? 22 gms. t. 4x2, ? 20 gms. ut. low down. 13 August 6 mi. ENE of Pariacoto, Dpto. Ancash, Peru. 6500' 4036 ?, ut. long, dull. 257-133 (tail tip missing) ? no amb. Phyllostis andium 255-124-27-23, 10 gms 4037 ? t. 10x5, young " " " 263-141- , 44 gms. + Tilaria Builds 100' from stream in dry steep canyon, near open shrubs, cactus, 14 August Mouth of Rio San?, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru, 10' Lizard 4038 " 4039 " 4040 " 4041 4042 (a third kind, w. drool ridge & black spots, coll. by MH + RH) above 5 in rounded rocks in beach, latter some in stoniferous grow. < 3 mi. NW of Mosupe, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. E. 100' Skelio stope barren, 9 p.m.; pure sand. 1043 Lizard - Teiid - shelter stream 15August Teiid - same 4044 Lizard - down push-ups 4045 Lizard - same. 4046 4047 2 mi. SE of Morrope, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 100ft. Skelio - in open sand 4048 Skelio - in open sand 4049 Skelio - 1' from trunk of mesquite. 4050

C. Koford 4 Specimen Catalog 1969 [=3 km] 15 August 2 mi. SE of Morrope, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. Elev. 100! 4051 ? t. 7x4 Pardomys gerbillus 156-71-20-16, 16 gms. 16 August 4052 ? lct. tiss.; emb. 2R2h, C-R 17mm. Pardomys gerbillus 158-73-19-16, 25 gms. 4053 ? Emb. 2R1h, C-R 13. " " 170-81-20-17, 23 gms. Skel.only (access much and.) 4054 ? t. 8x5 " " 160-78-19-17, 17 gms. 4055 ? ut. sc. " " 152-67-19-16, 16 gms. 17 August above sought mostly at edge Cupressus avicifolia lower, in fine sand, in flat. = Guayabo? 12 mi. ENE of Olmos, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 2000'. [Red iron bridge] 4056 ? t. 8x4 Phyllotis 201-103-26-19, 2.6 gms. Rock shelving in autocran steps. Prospect slope nr. sparse buckeye trees; dry. Large toad 4057 4058 ? t.1½ small flycatcher, yellow breast, blue back sl. fat, 7 gms. Hummingbird-electric breast, red bill 4059 ? leg.t ov.< 7 mm. sl. fat, 5 gms. F. Oystein, yellow breast, white supere. line 4060 ? t.1 sl. fat, 13 gms. 4061 ? ov. under. Ferracarias sl. fat, 48 gms. Grey Tawngen 4062 ? t. 8 no fat, melting breast; 49 gms. Lizard 4063 Lizard 4064 Above lide + 2 toja de near stream, lizard or rodie. 18 August Porcula Pass, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 7000 ft. 4065 ? t. 10x5 Phyllotis andinus 221-117-26-21, 35 gms. Faint buff spot breast 4066 ? ut. under. " " 186-108-25-19, 18 gms. ? minin. along vented ? urin., 176-47,18 gms., ut. extended. 4067 ? ut. horns black, Orzzyrups 200-122-24-14, 15 gms. no emb. 4065-6 taken in rock well in grass near bush or rod. Sunset slope. 4067 stop rock wall in mossy- ferny area near streambed; dense, lushly.

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5 C. Koford Specimen Catalog = Pura 18 August 2 Km. W. Porcella Pass, Dptos Lambayeque, Peru. 6500' 4068 Lizard- 4069 Lizard 4070 Lizard 4071 Lizard 4072 Lizard 4073 Lizard 4074 Lizard above 7 in brush + bushes, some dead trees on S. slope above road 4075 q ut. bulgos phyllotis andinus chyper in pinosae 240-128-27-20, 34gms. Descended of 10 gms., total 4 mm. long (mm.) 4076 q no cub. or scars; Akodon 177-82-24-16, 24gms. Discarded 4 22gms, ut. horn translucent, inactive 19 August 4077 q ut.sc.) akodon boliviensis 175-75-22-15, -- 26gms. 4 R 2L 4078 q ut.sc.) phyllotis andinus 223-116-25-20, 32gms. 4 2R, 2 3L Bloody (neck broken) 4079 of t. 8x5 " " 220-121-25-21, 28gms. = El Molino] 21 Km'E., 7 Km.N., of Olmos, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru, 2400 ft. G=KKo 5v65 4080 4081 GeKKo 5v 40 / 4082 GeKKo 5v 38 above 3 taken at night w. barometric pressure station, smelled on dry leaves leaves at dusk 1' rocky other 2 t' sparsely 5' inbatted smooth boulders, all scattered bushes. 20 August 4083 q 3R3L, CR 26. phyllotis andinus 219-114-24-21, 26gms. 52gms. 4084 of t. 6x4 " " 206-111-25-21 3 26gms (Cactus, trees w. Bromeliads, on slope.) Under edge large rock outcrop on dry N. slope, w. bushes scattered trees, 100' above canyon bottom. 4 mi. SSW of Motupe, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 400'[Cerro de la Vieja] GeKKo - under granite boulder exfoliation, daylight. 4085 GeKKo 4086 4087 GeKKo

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C. Koford 6 Specimen Catalog [= Cerro de la Vieja] 20 August 4 mi. SSW of Motupe, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru, 400'. Gekko- 4088 4085 taken daylight under granite efflores; very active. 4086-7 taken about 10 p.m., inside open fence (0+ lizards, etc.). 4088 taken night activity ground near rocks, bushes, very active. 21 August Long-tailed bat 4089 or t.f. 67-6-11-13, 12 1/2 gms. granite Net at night, after 10 p.m., area boulders + few bushes. 22 August 2 mi. SE of Morrope Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 100 ft. Gekko 4090 Taken on fine sand, small hill, 6' from Capparid bush, about 9 p.m. 23 August 4 mi. ESE of El Espinal, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru. 200'[Rio Sana] Red-brown bat, mod. 4091 f STURMIA 66-0-15-17, 26 gms. Netted after 10 p.m., oversedge 3 yards clearing on slope above road among bushy trees. [=Taulis], Rio Santa] 35 mi. WNW of Cajamarca, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru, 6000 ft. lizard 4092 24 August ut. horns black, Oryz. rat 4093 f bloody- post-p. 278-141- 278+44 30-19, 70 gms. Tropped .. trooped inside dead hollow log on ground in damp scrubby jungle Oryz. rat 4094 or t. 13x8 315-164-34-20 92gms. Trooped under overhanging roots of 100' tree in damp forest, recently partly cleared under stage boulder, humid forest. 4095 or t. 10 x 6 Akodon 226-106-24-18, 46 gms. Oryz. mouse, white belly 4096 f ot.h. indep. 212-115-24-16, 24 gms. Trooped among buttresses large tree by trail in humid forest. But- 1 emb., net near stream, humid forest. 4097 f CR5 Desmodus rotundus 84-0-18-19, 34 gms. small frog - puddle on road, in humid forest zone. 4098 Hummingbird ? Hummingbird 4099 aged indep. No fat), 5 gms. 25 August Hummingbird 4100 or t. 1 No fat, 8 gms. 4101 f no emb. Desmodus rotundus 83-0-17-18, 30 gms. or scars Oryz. - white belly, yellowish 4102 f ut.sc., 138 242-138-25-17), 32gms ZLR Oryz. - white belly 4103 f 235-130-25-17 31 gms Three two trooped: Among buttresses & roots of 100 ft. tree, humid forest.

24 August Discarded 25 August Oryzomy's ♀ 46 gms., uterine horns clear. Akodon ♂ 6.8 x 4, 27 gms.

C. Koford 7 Specimen Catalog 1969 [=Tadis, Rio Sana] 25 August 35 mi. WNW of Cajamarca, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru. Eleu. 6000ft. Flycatcher - yellow bn., slash food 4104 ? indiv.? sl. fat., 9 gms. 4105 igst.ov., 4 7 mm. Tanagen (3 in flock, by road, tall bushes) l. fat. 26 August 4106 o t 2 Ringbird 21 gms. 4107 o t 6.7 x 4 onyx. manu 2f 235-128-3f -18 3f 4108 o t 13x 7 onyx. manu 250-140-2f -17, 40 gms. above 2 at base 100±' tree among buttress & strangle fig trees. 27 August 10 mi. NW of San Miguel [de Pallaques], Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru. 9000 ft. yellow frog - road near gran, buncha, green vegetation, wet. 4109 yellow frog 4110 28 August 3 mi. N. of Oyoton, Dto. Lambayeque, Peru. 1000 ft. Gekko - rocky desert near sendilba estion, copen under night 4111 Gekko 4112 4113 4114 4115 4116 4117 35 mi. WNW of Cajamarca, Dpto. Cajamarca, Peru. 6000 ft. Green snake - freshly dead on wood, buried fruit trees. 4118 29 August 3 mi. N. of Oyoton, Dto. Lambayeque, Peru. 1000 ft. 4119 f min. Phyllotis amicus 153-86-21-18), +11 gms. Base of Copaicira bush, flat rocky desert w. cactus. [1 mi. E. of Huacada] 31 August 5 mi. SW of Otuzco Dpto. La Libertad, Peru. 8000 ft. (egg spot or chest) ? Chiggers in pinnae - tail broken short 4120 o t.13x6 Phyllootis auratus magister 203-89-27-22), +2gms. tail broken short. 4121 f ut.horns dark-p. parus 169-51-27-22, +8g. p. pafops - last tiss; " ut.horns 4122 o f bloody, unde. (no buff spot) Chiggers in pinnae 258-135-27-22, +49 gms. lost 4123 f no comb lost 255-130-28-22), 30gms. 4124 f emb. 2K2L1R, C-R14 Phyllotis andium 212-108-26-20, +0 gms.

Discarded: 31 Aug. 1969 (Huacay) Phyllotis andin ♂ 40 gms. 212-108-26-20 ♀ 31 gms. t. 7x6 ♂ 26 gms. ut. horns translucent ♂ 30 gms. Testis 4 ♀ 23 gms. ut. undevel.

C. Koford Specimen Catalog 1969 31 August 5 mi. SW of Oyobuzco, Dpto. La Libertad, Peru. 8000 ft. 4125 ♀ ut.sc; 3R 2F. lact. Phyllotis 254-136-27-22, 52 gms. Lizard 4/26 Lizard 4/27 [area of pass, from Quiruvilca] 10 mi. WNW of Santiago de Chuco, Dpto. La Libertad, Peru. 13000 ft. 4/28 ♀ lgst.ov. 1 mm. Capella mod. fat, 86 gms. 4/29 ♀ lgst.ov. <7 mm. Pleva sl. fat, 32 gms. 4/30 ♂ t. 6X3 Abdera boliviensis 165-76-22-14, 21 gms. 1 September 4/31 ♂ Oryzomye 178-108-21-14, 11 gms. 4/32 Diaca? i , 25 gms. 2 September 15 mi. W of Quiruvilca [Km post 103] Dpto. La Libertad Peru. 11000 ft. 4/33 ♀ no emb. Phyllotis andium 202-111-26-21, 26 gms. 4/34 ♀ no emb. Phyllotis " no meas. . 30 gms. There about two: Base of rock & rock and mud well below road. 4/35 ♀ bloody Oryzomye no meas.; 16 gms. Discarded 4 others: ♂? 12 gms. t. 3; ♂? 11 gms. t. 2; ♂? t. 2, 10 gms.; ♂? t. 2, 7 gms. (same difficulty noted above). Dense anti mossy ground under lunker on slope. 4/36 ♂ t. 5X3 Calmys sweller 156-68-19-16. - Trail under thick grass near busher beside water canal. 4/37 ♂ t. 4X1½ Gallaria mod. fat, 54 gms. Furrwid 4/38 22 gms. 3 September 4/39 ♂ t. 5x3 Oryzomye 320-103-36-24, 66 gms. Much lact. tiss.; uti elong.,t 4/40 ♀ vase. Phyllotis andium 229-114-26-22, 39 gms. much lact. tiss; 4/41 ♀ 3R 2L, 3 mm. " " 247-125-25-23, 49 gms. ob. bulges 4/42 ♂ t. 11X6 " " 238-125-26-22, 49 gms. 4/43 ♂ t. 10X5 " " 251-130-26-22, 50 gms. above & taken on steep SW slope in brush near breaking means at stable filter on latter mb,

3 Sept. 69 Quirivilca P. amblyus, disc ♂ emb. 4R 2L, C-R 12 47gms. ♂ emb. 3R 2L, C-R 3 38gms ♂ no emb. 25gms. ♂ ut. under cut 27 g. ♀ 2.8g. ♂ to transly blood vessels 2.5g. (about primip. size) 07 t. 5x2 27g. 07 t.4x2 22g. 07 t.3x2 22g. 07 6.5x3 27g. 07 t.3x2 18g. 07 19g. Akodon boliviensis ♀ lact., no scars. 30g.

C. Koford 9 Specimen Catalog 1969 4 September 5 mi. NW of Patavilca, Dto. Lima, Peru. Elr. 10'. (Rocky beach) 4144 Laguna [lagunillos beach] 6 September 3 mi. SSW of Paracas, Dto. Ica, Peru. Elcv. 10' 5k+ only fwr. Sea lim - found dead, fresh, in trash. 4145 ♀ (no ext. penis) 960-250-21-37. Cinclodes - taken at edge sea on rocks. 4146 ♂ 1 1/2 mm. 51 fat, 38 gms. 4149 7 September 35 mi. ENE of Nazca Dpto. Ayacucho, Peru. 10,500 ft. 4147 ♂ t. 5x3 Phyllotis darwinii no meas.; 39 gms. deic. ♂ 18 gm., t. 3 mm (fwr.) for species under rough reddish boulder w/ some broken near bottom flat. 25 mi. WSW of Puquio, I = Pampa Galeras 40 mi. ENE of Na Dpto. Ayacucho, Peru. 13000 ft. 4148 Upcerthia 36 gms. 4149 8 September 10 mi. WNW of Puquio, Dto. Ayacucho, Peru. 13000 ft. [ = Pampa Galeras ] Phyllotis - white divs own eye 4150 ♂ t. 7 13 gms. 4151 ♀ ut. undcv. Calomys sorellus ? sorellus 155-80-20-17, 11 gms. 4152 ♂ t. 8x5 Phyllotis darwinii pactum 216-105-27-26 , 44 gms. 4153 ♀ lgst. ov. 3mm! Ara flavus sl. fat 3/4 lbs. 9 September boulders in dry grass, 100' from streambed; bunchgrass tall. 4154 ♂ t. 4x3 Phyllotis boliviensis pictus 196-93-26-21, 32 gms. 4155 ♂ t. 2 Orestochilus estella no fat, 8 1/4 gms. 4156 ♂ t. 4x3 Phyllotis pictus darwinii 216-112-28-26 33 gms 4157 ♀ ut. hons. clear P. - pictus " 208-112-26-25 32 gms. Dors. ♂ 32gms. t. 6x4, & 30 gms. vent. a.mus., ♀ 29 gms. ut. clear, ♂ 28 gms. ut. narrow and clear. 4156-7 taken in boulder among tall bunchgrass on slope. Lizard 4158 [ = 3 mi. W. of summit or road ] 10 September 15 mi. WNW of Puquio, Dpto. Ayacucho, Peru. 12,000 ft. Phyllotis 4159 ♀ lgst. ov. < 1 mm. V. fat 16 gms. lect. tiss. Albom jelskii 4160 ♀ ut. clear Lestrops elasmus 163-68-23-18, 20 gms. 4161 ♂ t. 11x7 Phyllotis darwinii 251-127-29-26, 54 gms. frog 4162 Frog w/ tadpole 4163 Tadpole - prob. of 4162, 4164 4164

C. Koford 10 Specimen Catalog. 1969 10 September 15 mi. WNW of Pquig Dpto. Ayacucho, Peru. [2000'] = 3 mi. W. summit] 4165 q ut. clear Logidum peruanum 520-249-88-66, 1/2 lbs. 4166 o7 t.2 Cinclodes mod. fat, 27 gms. 4167 o7 t.4 Falco aplomado. 13 September on ground near grass shrubs rocks. Another nearby. Lagonillas, Paracas Peninsula, Dpto. lca, Peru, Seashore. skull only albatross 4168 skull only Penguin 4169 Spheniscus humboldti skull only penguin 4170 " " skull only skua Dark gray above, chestnut below wing linings, + white base primaries. 4171 Phalacrocorax SKUA Photosd. skull only skua 4172 skua End Trip to Peru -> Nos. 4173 -> 4333 Chihuahua, Mexico. Bats in formalin 11 Feb. 1970 Professor Berkeley - Born in captivity (O. Pearson's animal) 4335 o> t. 10 x 5 Phyllostis 237-122-28-25 From: Pucusana, Peru, stock. (for chromosome practice) 14 August 1969 15 mi. S. Pacasmayo, Depto. La Liberdad, Peru. skull only 4336 pickup Dusicyon sechurae 13 Sept. 1969 Lagonillas 5 mi. ssw Paracas Dpto. lca, Peru 4337 o> by skull; Arctocephalus pickup on beach. skull only 4338 q by skull Otaria pickup on beach skull only 4339 o7 by skull Arctocephalus pickup on beach. 14 August 1969 North Rio Sana, Dpto. Lambareque, Peru. skull only 4340 ? sex. Otaria pickup on rocky beach End of Peru 1969 trip ```</div>

9/11 discarded P. darwiniin -> 16 gms, Tnr. -> 34 g., 40g, + .4 x 2, 9x6 AK solv. -> 74 gmst,ns

C.B.Koford 1969 Journal Peru

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Journal (July 30 - Sept., 1969) 30 July 1969 Berkeley to Lima, Peru. Departed via helicopter from Berkeley; to San Francisco, Los Angeles; then departed 9 p.m. on Varig 815 for Lima. Both crowded unorganized group of passengers, largely Brazilians. 31 July 1969. Arrived Lima airport about 7 a.m. Customs opened nothing. By taxi (120 soles) to Costa Rica 141, Miraflores (San Antonio), where John Davis was staying. Then met Davis, O. & A. Pearson, Myrol Long & Ray Hillman. Last two, students, will accompany me for six weeks field work. Shopped for groceries, & departed Lima about 12:30 on Panamerican highway to north. Past Chancay, could see green hills of Lomas de Checay, & small patch of woods there. We turned off a road toward Churin about 50 mi. N. of Lima, drove 6.5 miles, and off poor dirt road to camp on "dry" side of lomas - 20 km. N., 6 km. W. of Chancay, about 200'. Overcast w/ fog, & occasional light drizzle. M. put out snap traps & net. Ray saw vicuñón but shot none. Green aspect to head of this canyon. In late afternoon we saw no birds or lizards, & in evening heard no owls. I Ray thought he heard bats in cave; we set up our net. 1 August 1969. About 4 a.m. I prowled around rocky slopes looking for foxes or other mammals w/ light, but saw none, & heard no night birds. Bat net & trap line yielded 0. Departed camp 0800. Drove to highway, then to entrance of Bosque road, & on about 3 1/2 miles. Green foliage started about 1000'; short, & covered ground about 8' 1 ft. tall (vines like plants mainly) at 1200'. Foggy above 1000', but gradually lightening. Many Borotrichia capensis; a few doves. At lower level of greenery, where no trees, a few thrushes, & geositta, & occasional flocks small birds. Hundreds of small

Mileage Chv. - 6 cyl. Sulburan July 31 Leave Miffler 13307 2as - N. of Lura 13324 Chum Road 369.7 Turned off 76.2 Camped - Lackey area 133376.8, Aug. 1 at Canetiro 84.0 Bosque rd. (km 89±) 85.4 Sate (2nd.)- turned around 89.0 Canetiro 92.7 (210 km. to H.) N. - Turn E, Hurry rd. - 455.3 Orpy road 63.4 Ocas. small settlement - many charcs - slopes 07-010 Capacay turnoff; outing; 2nd Bridge off (lost 2½ mi.) - leave 13.5 Camp - 19 mi. W. Chiquin, 8500' 13516.6

C Koford Journal 2 August 1969. Lomas Cachay -> Peru Summers on our slope may have been of Geritio. We drove slowly on north through Huecho St and Patanbia, then off to E. side to Huasas (210 km). On up this road where much cultivation of sugar cane - then corn, papayas, other products. About 8 mi. up came to a pond 50 yds long, w. swallows, bull-dog, yellowlegs, Vermilion Flycatcher, and an Osprey - this made a few passes, about 100' from us, & plunged into pond. On up road went through 2 or 3 small settlements, where food & fruit for sale. Road gained altit- ude slowly. Bottom & trees grew, but slopes above rocky & deafow. Few

Aug. 2 - Leave 0800 13516.6 Old Bridge - 11500' 28.0 .4 mi. below Potential ranges. - lim 305 post. " " - can get off road. {29.0 29.4 31.8 lim 315 post 31.4 Camarocho summit 12,760 i.a. 33.7 " town 535.0 Sign 4080 m = 12,750 i.a. 13,409 computed - next altim. to 13400' (0' = 31.75") N. - Bridge 46.1 12,800' (0=30.75') 53.2 (camp area, .6 mi. E). 7/31 8/1 Baseline - filled up at Lima, - 4 gal. filled up at Pataillas, 13430 - 6 gal. 8/3 " Catac 13566 - (102person) .73/g

C. Koford 3 Journal 3 August 1969 Dato Ancash, Peru in quick survey. Then we headed toward Recuay. At first stream (Rio Santo) sluggish, meandering, & grass nearly close - grazed. Later grass (ichu) taller. We walked in it, looking for tuiuan but saw none. I questioned a herder; he said "pendici" higher up, to E.; also that there were many deer on the slope W. of the road, & many trout in the Rio Santo. We noted many holes in old adobe walls - apparent fisher works. I flushed a snake by river; saw Cevolota, Seialis, other small birds. Crossed a ridge 12 mi. from Caracocha. About 15 mi. from that town, S. of km 340 sign, we took short joint up grassy draw to E., where a small stream & thick ichu; cattle grazing there too. I hunted for Notboprote and soon found a nest with eggshells (purplish brown) and a dead chick (not rotten yet!). This about 9" in diameter & tucked between layers of ichu clumps, where grass thick & ground rather dampy w. green short forbs. No. 4001 I shot a Cevolota, & saw Estheras. The few rock walls occurred near (10.7 mi. by road, 5. of Cutac) so drove on to 1967 campsite (45 km., S. of Recuay). altitude only indicated 12800' (if Caracocha 13,400'), tho we indicated 11,000 on previous trips. Windy, overcast, occasional light sprinkle. We set up tent. Snowy-gloomy mountains a few miles to E. An Indian told me the place was "Peguipalca", and that our 1967 campsite at Rackacora, was a short distance no north. He said tuiuan abundant in grass, trout abundant but small in river, and many deer in the high hills to E. and W. We labeled locality 25 mi. S. Recuay, 12500', [the previous by gave 11000' for Caracocha, in '46-7]. We put out traps. I flushed 1 hrs., jumped No. 4002 ed a Notboprote in live - high grass on flat & bogged it, and flushed ed another pair (all 5-6 p.m.). The specimen was an adult ?, which

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Journal 2 August 1969 c. 12000' 25 mi. S. Uvaraya, Dets, Ancash, Peru. Did not land yet. Overcast evening; then clear & calm. 36° by 9 p.m. 3 August 1969. Partly overcast morning. Frost. 26°. minimum (1° up). My 15 snap traps, set in thick soft bunchgrass along a curule rock wall, held 2 Andean (boliviensis?), which M. doing great up. I hunted 3/4 hr., shot one Nathopocta. At sound of flushing & shot, 3 other four- paired up?! We departed about 10:30 drove 10.4 mi. to Cator, gassed up, & departed on road to Chira (78 km). Road gravelled rough. Barred slowly up through west brown rolling & step hills. Rock walls; sheep grazing. Cordillera Blanca peaks invisible to N. Eventually into a deep valley, near smell clear stream, I came to a lake about 1 mile long, bor- dered on E. by rocky & snowy mountains. (Sign said Cap. Peruana del Santa, Estacin de Aforo No. 3., an 6' square 12' tall concrete tower at lake outlet. A narrow canyon of guinea woods to N., with some lushy tree below. Another woods area, 1/4 mile clear, at E. end of lake. Increasingly cloudy (2 p.m.). Nearly we saw 2 mountains Caracerac or road. A far view lakes. Hundreds of trout to about 4" long within 100 yds. of lake outlet, in clear 5 yd. wide streams. One sampled was full of eggs. On tower, no crude sign indicated 3860m, about 12500' (our altim. registered 13,100). 12 mi. from Cator. I set 29 snap traps in rock walls and bunchgrass, some shrubs, baiting w mixture rolled oats & guinea. Peggy reported flushing a tinamou in tall grass on slope, twice. He set out live & snap traps. Myrna set live traps in shrub/tree area. Windy late after- oon & evening, about 42 moon. No one bothered us at campsite, tho an indian or horse rode close once. Trout reluctant to take fly in evening. 4 August 1969. Min. temp. 22°. Frosty. Morning calm, clear.

C. Koford 54 Journal 4 August 1969 12500' 12 mi. El Catac, Dpt. Ancash, Peru. algodon We checked traps. I had 4 Phyllotis bolivianus, 2 Phyllostes; Leon put up all except 3 live. algodon. (About 5 p.m., yest. kodi algodon in trap; removed. Is active daytime. This one taken atop a rock in rock wall near riba. | Walked up thru shield & tree canyon, which grow narrower & steeper. Shot 2 birds (catolog). Myrnet & Kay had gone trapping luck; 3 mice told. | yest M. walked to far end (NE) of lake & back; a tree patch there. This afternoon she returned to set live traps. | I fished stream for an hour took 5 rainbow, 5-8", or gray fly. Largest a 6 or w. milt; little in stomach. | From 4 to 6 pm. I checked & set traps. Took 4 more algodon bolivianus from my 29 snaptraps line; left it set as before. Set 28 large folding aluminum Sherman traps in rock walls near thick bunchgrass, + 29 snap traps near stream (boulder, shrubs, tree lover, tall grass) up the wooded canyon. ½ overcast and calm at 7 p.m. Dark at 6:30. | Checked live traps about 8:30 p.m.; no catch. Lower line of snaptraps held 2 Phyllostes, 2 Cavy. About 9:30 p.m., checked about 20 traps. Hillman had put along rock embankment at lower side of canister; they held a large mouse (arundinis?) and 3 Phyllostes; removed & reset. We put 10 aluminum folding live traps along this wall. Clear calm night; ½ moon. 5 August 1969. About 0230, thermometer 18° F., I checked the traps at rock wall; none in 15 live traps, but 2 small mice in the (Hillman) snap traps. At 6 a.m., one more travel mouse in snaps, 0 in live. Live traps to N. of stream also held 0; lower 29 snaps held: algodon bolivianus (diseased?), 1 Phyllotis (spec.), and 1 Cavy. Upper line of 29 crops held 11 mice: 5/6 algodon (boliv?), 7/8 oryzomy, 1 Phy- llotis, 2 Carnaps. There all within 5 yds. of streambed in study

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Journal 5 August 1969 Recay 10 mi. E. of Recay, Dto. Ancash, Peru. site: Anays: 1 under edge boulder, near shrub, tall ichu; 1 base Quenúa bush, under cutbank; 1 boulder wall base, mossy, ichu adjacent. Rhyllatii: 1 under edge large granite boulder, in tall ichu; 1 thick ichu, base of shrub, edge stranded. Onyzonys cornell, long tail: 1 base large tree, mossy green subtrole, ichu near; 2 under green bushes, in green sedge + grass; 1 in wet cut of bank, ichu mossy, green, fern-blue plants. Alcedo: 3 largest taken in highest (up canyon) traps, in shade by rocks, more under quenúa bushes (not dolivenis? - RH #58, = ). / Rainbow trout - I took 10+ with fly, including 4 from 8-12"; all larger ones were caught with meat. Others 4-6". Taken on gray fly, fishes rapidly upstream underwater. / Talked w. Indian women. Said this lake = Queroscaba. Later, man told me there is a tunnel about 15 km. on, that lowest annual temp. -3 or 4°C., in Aug- ust (he reads weather instruments here for hydroelectric project), that wet season is January-February, that road here since 1942, this only road to Catac area to Chavin. He raises sheep, some cattle. / We put up wire, set traps. I put out 15 snaps along each of 2 rock walls on wet-facing slopes. Georg collected a Bufo (spec.). / During the day, 3 caracaras landed at tinier within 5 yds. of tent, to get disarded mouse bodies. / I saw 2 Calopterus ruficeps, on ground in short grass + rocks. Also big Muscicariola w. white auto tail feathers. The chestnut Amayiba convex; some fed at pink flowers on shrubs. Saw a Butter, mostly white below, but near-black sec- ondaries. / Evening clear, calm. / Dissected 9 Alcedo dolivenis, 20gms., autumn swells. Also 67, 23 gms., 6.6. (Other dissec in catalog section.) 6 August 1969. Wind started 8 a.m. My 30 traps held: Andizonys, 1 fly- Colaptes, 1 Alcedo dolivenis (17gms., miniv. ?). There at foot boulders walls in ichu, E. slope. But no specimens. Defeated 1/20 for the

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Journal 6 August 1969 E. of Recuay, Oti. Ancash, Peru. tunnel on road to Chavin. Saw an Aplomado Folia perched a giant boulder or slope. Food around about but went fairly directly up valley in small stream to Cabul (on benchmark post) tunnel. Valley grassy, slopes rich and granite boulders, and some areas had much quercia mixed with boulders. Sheep grazing, & some cattle. Tunnel about .4 mi. long, thru crest of cordillera, about 4000'. Slight snow on ground at that level; some big boulders in mite. above. E. side some what drain; steep-sided canyon. We saw a few big rock slides & found vicuoca droppings near base. In shallow pools in green water not saw many large (3") tadpoles, acres of 1 sq. mile of quercia on slope here too; heard sheep bleating. A few rock walls. Much snow on peaks above road. We saw several yellow finches in black hoods (Klidi?), flying near road & bushes. Took photos. About 1 mile down road from tunnel to the rock slide. / We went back through tunnel and about 7 miles back toward Querosca, when we camped about 2 mi. E. of the lake, at about 500' higher level. We are about 6 mi. WSW of Cab Cabul Tunnel, 13000'. A clear 6' wide stream meander by our camp, in grassland flat in canyon bottom. To N. + 5 are steep slopes of huge boulders, w. patches of quercia. Down slope northy rich, w. boulders. We set traps. I put out 25 snares, 10 near rocks in rich, 20 near boulders in quercia jungle. Aside, a tangle of trees & boulders; shady, mossy. Vicuoca droppings in many holes under boulders. Ray set on slopes to N.; Myrnel set traps above mine on slope. She saw many fresh vicuoca droppings. Stream had small 4-6

First Lake Quiesco to Obaal Tunnel - 10.6 mi. 12700' - 14500'

C Koford 8 Journal. 1300s' E. of Recray, Dist. Ancash, Peru. autumn 7 August 1969 16 gm. ?, discarded; dark green woods (white lamp), and (later, 8 a.m. and now on Neotoma). I lift snap set. Put out additional 22 near rocks, low shrubs, & moquey clumps, between camp and lake (about 200' abv. above). There along drainage of the stream, on N-facing slope (again old burning of moquey). Shot a fern-sail (spec), with another on boulder in open grassland. In green woods, saw birds all blue on rock (tanager?; also on previous occasions, other greenish areas). Heard the 'click-click' of frog near stream. I Clean all day; mainly most of time. An Indian told me the quebrado named Q. Corle (runs toward tunnel). He said deer in higher slopes of our site. I Late in day, shortly set 25 small live traps away shoulders & granite across road from camps. Clear, cold, calm evening. 8 August/1969. My traps held Calamys sorellus (moquey trapline), C. sorellus (RN catbox), O. decillus, Doyzomops, & Rhodon delicavies (old line in greenish) and Calamyx in live traps. Discarded Rhodon, 18 gm. ?, no amb. or seen; O. decillus (07 t.3; ?1gm.); same, ?, 10gm., small. Tacka were in one snap trap (spec.) I Departed about noon and drove to Cotoe, about 15 mi. Saw an Aplomado Falcon perch on boulder en route. Then onto Huaraz when we stopped. Then up the rather barren slope along road to Casma, its summit, Collan Pass, about 13200'. Then down 1 1/2 mi. to W. and camped, where Bob Hamilton and I stayed in 1967 left. 13. We set snap traps in near lake. Within an hour Myrnel had a Phyllotis pistorum. My-20 & I took are before 9p.m., at foot of stone boulder embankment near stream. Cold, clear, calm. 9 August 1969. My traps also held Calamys decillus. Myrnel took an Phyllotis river last evening. Frosty ground; minimum temp. about 250F. I shot a couple of birds (specs.). We put up

Callan - Casma rd dom. 13 663 Summit 13200'+ 13300'i.a. (19 mi. from Nuary) Camp - first rock outcrop about 1/2 mi. down by road 672 Bridge at ft. deep narow gorge, 11200' t. Tilandria on rocks. 73.5 Village - road S. to mine 675.8 tree below road - eucalyptus tree -

C. Koford 9 Journal (to Osma) Rio Rira canyon, Dist. Ancosh, Peru 1km S., 12 km. F. of Paracoto 9 August 1969. specimens. Then drove slowly down road to camp, where I camped July 11-12, 1967 and Sept. 7-11, 1967. This about 2½ mile down from summit Over altimeter read 8250, + was 300' high last check, so about 8500'. On way saw barley being harvested by people, worn out in wind. All dirt road; one way with limestone. I camps area changed - the flat area cultivated by trocha, though intervening slopes not. Vegetation very dry - brush very dry & leafless, except in main draw where we had stopped. The red-flowered vine-bush in bloom. Moderate numbers birds. We put out many live traps, hoping to get alive P. mogister for cytotaxonomy work. I put out 12 crop traps near campsite. By 9 p.m. had 2 Phyllotis andinum, one by rock wall, one at edge magnay clump. Clearalm eve. In afternoon I flushed 2 single tiranancas, & shot one min.; 200 gms., M, +K. also took fleahd one, so must be fairly common. 10 August 1969. Another P. andinum dug well at camp. Min. temp. 47°; my 2½ live traps held 2 P. andinum. During day, 30' net took 1 Zonotrichia, 1 small finch, 3 yellow-small finches, hummingbirds, and 1 dove. I put up some of these. Set 29 birchtraps again, on slopes between terraces, and 35 crop traps in same general area. Shot a finch + tyrannulit during day. Discarded P. andinum: ♀; 35 gms, ends. 2 R 2½/12 mm C.-R.; ♂ 2.3g., adult stern, no emb. or scar; ♂ 30g., t 9x6. Tunga flea in ear (on tail of another P. andinum. Day warm; no breeze until now. Clear evening, calm. 11 August 1969. My live traps held 0; crop traps held 3 Phyllotis mogister (I judge), P. andinum. Left live traps (28, aluminium) and added 26 small Sherman traps in area. Took up crop traps, & set same 35 fairly upslope near water

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10 Journal Perc. 11 August 1969. Llaco, 12 km. E. Paracoto , Opto. Ancash, irrigation ditch, near shrubs and rocks. Not took a finch, a [illegible] (released), hummingbird, yellow finch, & dove ! Pericad #7 P. anduin, t 11'x6; tunga flea in bone tail. Other bone flea cysts in pinnea (some good). / I liked to look of irrigat. ditch, a 25 yd. square stone tank about 500' above our camp to NE. Green thereabout, but saw no unusual animal, No frogs or tad poles in the "estanque." A local told me the area here known as Llaco (or byfow). / I found old tin arrow net, with eggshells, inside a 10 yd. diameter slabsford coral, against rock wall. / Flush'd at 0739 a tin araw; another stayed on ground near my feet for 10 sec. before going (ju?.) Warm until noon; pleasant afternoon. 40° F. last night. Clear calm quiet evening. Ray shot a big bullfinch. I saw Sparrow Hawk during day. Ray saw a group of Parrots. We are still trying to get a live P. roquista - have about 85 live traps out on 3 slopes where have taken in snap traps. 12 August 1969. 40° minv. 30 live traps held 7 P. anduin. 56 live traps held 2 of same, 1 each in large & small Sherman traps. Myrual caught 1 P. roquista (we hope) in big Sherman trap in same area. Few scattered dark 9340' i.e. roving. / Departed 1440 and drove down road 2.8 mi. to bridge (7600') over clear stream, where many eucalyptus trees. Then down past large hacienda headquarters (massive church, anacardis tree yard) to camp 2.6 mi. below bridge, where an old broken bridge on S side, 6700' i. elev. (= 6 mi. ENE of Paracoto, 6500'). # We set total of about 40 traps in rocks (dusty, scrubby) of dry canyon bottom and end green (grass, brush) bottom. Berin mossy feet, but with good + clear. Had lots, but took none in 1:30 net. Clear night.

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Journal 13 August 1969 To Casma, Dst. Ancash, Per. Traps took 2 Chylothet andinum, w. rattlesnake, both very long tailed, in boulders near dry creek. 1 Phryno ahaona (bolivina?) in cotton (= Mh catalog). Took five lizards in stream, then descended to Pariacoto (72 mi. below camp), Yauter (12 mi. farther), and Casma (25 mi. more) (= 51 mi. below 8500' camp). Then to Trigillo - stopped, ate. Modern town; a little dirty, dusty & prosperous (in contrast to dirty sprawling Chimbote). Drove N. and camped. 5 of Bacanayas near hemmocks of sand or volcanic pavement flat, w. Coparrisia shrubs on mounds. Set about 20 traps. Clear area. 14 August 1969. High fog morning, clearing slowly. Took 1 Mtn in traps (RH). Lizard found running over. ML found slumber skull (Cenotistia?). / We drove N to about 4 mi. E. of Morupe, when R Hamilton & I camped in Sept. 1967. I found 2 fox skeletons. We saw big blue faced teid in Coparrisia atop sand mounds, + Ctenosphaenus-like large lizards common on sand of same. We noted that last sometimes raised a forely & shook it, then the other, as if the animal found sand hot (10 am., not hot but fairly close). We drove through Morupe to our Rio San (little water), then took dirt road to court at Loguros. Passed through green brush, saw tomato fields on route. River ended in a small lagoon. Salt lagoon too, w. many small fish, Danio sarnicae (?), yellow lips, sand eels. Beach step of rounded rocks to 6" diameter. In rocks we many took 3 species of lizards (Tropidurus?). I found looking off felicians, dark gray skinkette, a terr., a Bargainville Cornut, blue-backed looline. Road to Cuita Cte said to be very bad, came returned to Casma on a better road, slightly desert, arriving about 2 mi. N. of Rio Leiva. We camped then on volcanic pavement near bacanay & sand hemmocks coming w. large leaves Coparrisia. We set traps; lost 48 traps. Hope to get some Pardalys in addition to Mus. Many lizards & some fox tracks. Windy, but died about 7 p.m. In evening, ML, ML & I took become tenting & searched sand.

(see p.) mouth to down to Canete, about 10 miles, dirt road. Logroño - cave & mud huts, dirt streets Moupe. to Río Pava, 1 mi. (altm. 13759) Altimeter - set at about 13000'; Lake Cococoba, checked out 200' at Trujillo (100' high), 60' when estimated 20' high at Pocomayo. Good gadget!

Cafed Journal 15 August 1969 3 mi. NW Macipe, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. 100' Hills for geckos. We found 2 or lizards, 1 atop, 1 at lee edge, + 1 on erosion pavement. Many old broken in sand; some made by crickets, little spider, geckos, other big serpents (5-80 mm long). M. had a lot at X. 15 August 1969. My snakes took 2 Micr (diversed), or 9 gm, t. 6 x 4, or 16 g. t. 6 x 4 (stone wave too). The other took 3 Mice, no other mice. I saw on lizards, hummingbirds, small fishes. Lizards on sand, lizards. | We shot a few leguats (7 birds). Strong breeze by 10 am.; can'to-at-turro clouds. Lizard w. black sand spike & ridge, I saw a bunch of lizards, 1' above ground. The Cricosaurus-like lizard shook forearms in air periodically; a display?- now ran rapidly shot distance, stopped, ran again, moving in jerky fashion. The sandy-dotted one (4046,4047) did push-ups, tandem of 3, and ventured about 10' out from bushes. Apparent lizard hole 100' from roads. I saw tracks of heavy-tailed lizards are tied w. bluish fore, sharp nose (about 16" long). Not a rich a site, in leaps, as area 4 mi. S. of Macipe. # I saw hummingbirds w. 2 long tail feathers. | We departed rathered from only erosion pavement direct w. no lizards, except a few to E. just below rocking hills. In creasing disturbance & planting. Took road to Puerto Eten- Roanslamps habitats en route. A dirty stick & cobble town, which had seen better days. Then on along coast thru Moraygua + Santa Rosa. Last had gaily painted fishing boats on beach, flocks of gulls + pelicans alongside, + a pair of Lava Terns on sand (red bill, white superc. line). Then out Pimental on dirt road (an industrial port), then to Chiclayo. Stopped & gawked. Then or north to a few km. N. of Lambayeque + took road to W. (just before curving an right) towards Moraygua. Camped at our July 1967 grounds. Mostly unchanged, except for extensive digging of sand. We set traps for Bandarangs. Abundant "rocks" of mouse tracks under Copperia bushes, & raccoon tracks of large many

Journal 15 August 1969 Peru, 100° Dr. Morrope, Depto. Tambayque. feild lizards, + many lizard holes. All at trop., M. & R. set live only. I set 4 traps near copal bushes + margwist tree. About 9 p.m. M. a.j. and I checked our lines; she had 1 live basilamyz, + I had 3, last ones live by tail. One taken in leafless brush fence. 2 in Cuppennia avienifolia, when large brush separated by 20' or more from other. High fog in evening; a few dribbles rain in night. Also about 9 p.m. we took 3 Phylloleptylus on ground, largest at base marguista, smaller (w/ banded tail) on intertwining sandy (+ pebble) ground, using Benvenia lamp? 16 August 1969. A few stars visible at dawn. Some fair breeze from E. 4 shy 6/10 some cumulus clouds or fog. My traps held 3 more Basilamyz (2o 6 in #4 & 6 trop.). M. took 2 mox, + Ray took 1. We put up spasmore, collected lizards (at least 3 kinds, including the Cnemidophorus-like arm- shaking one, + large blue- footed). Like Chilcayo market, a man had a varanid-like orange & black lizard about 2' long, which he called un equiva; he wanted to sell it for 40 soles. Local animal?]. We departed to E.- vegetation gradually more Mes- like or farmed cereal. Then north thru Juyayos, by Cerr de la Vieja + Motluya, to Olmos junction. A bar across road at the

C. Koford 13 Journal 2000' 16 August /69 Rio Olmos, Dpto. Lambayeque, Peru. mile of shallow stream, I saw about 50 toads, largest about 8" long. Three pairs in amplexus, the smaller green are on top, larger brown are below. Calling toads sat fairly upright, throat sacks bulging; when alarmed, crucked low but could be touched without fleeing. // heard no anura copimulgidae / ML set up a net on stream; about 1 hr. after dark she had a Mystic's Antilena (?) an hour later another of second - no more by moving. 17 August 1969. Somewhat buggy night, but mostly clear slightly damp. My trap held 1 Phyllotus, M+L got nothing. I shot Furnarius and a few other birds; many sparix present. / About 11:30 we deprated for upper reaches of Olmos. No red-flowered tree as in 1967. Passed about 3 small roadside restaurants. Our 1967 camp at about (Perevula Pass) 4400'; just before a high concrete bridge. We ascended to summit - reedbog d since 1967; difficult to get off road. We set same traps (I set 21 snares) in or brushy slope, among boulders, 2 km. W. of pass. There I collected a purple lizard (Sterocnemus?), but cloudy & saw no others. We set up that a summit, on W. side, dry road. (Sign said 2144 m.) = 7010' I think J. Clebsy & spiderer; then cleared a bit. We set more traps. I put 15 along stream through grassland, where brush, rocks, ferns, tree roots. Also 13 near a rock wall (same bushes) in grass, 50 yds. from bushes. // saw a copimulgidae w. white wing, long white bar tip tail, at summit / Law over grassland 2 caracaras, turkey vulture. In bushes, mostly Psotrubis cayensis and a black Turdu w. red bill. Flocks up to 30 of Mouritz - like dove (no control white-tipped retine). Many tadpoles & small frogs (15mm?) in stream pools near house. All much grazed, as usual. Hills generally brushy - much of it thorny. But perhaps 1 sq. mile of grassland just E. of pass (largely new

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C.Ko ford 17 Journal 7000' 17 August 1969 Porcelia Pass, Poto, Lomasbarque, Peru. made ?). Fog rolled in for about 3 hours. Cleared somewhat, later, but then windy - it blew our tent down (we were not in it). 18 August 1969. Still windy. Roiled up traps near summit. My 28 held 10 oryzomyine (along creek bed), + 3 Phyllotie andrewi (rock wall on slope in grass & their brush). B.+L, using live traps got 0. Took up another trap 500' lower eluv, on Pacific side. My 21 snaps held 4 Phyllotie andrewi, 3 Alodon yor Mermonosa, and a large oryzomyine rat (alive). M.+L got 1 or 2 each in live traps. Entirely the brushier plant jumble on slope is a hot spot for animals! I shot several legua this day of 2 species! We then set up camp on a point about halfway between summit + 2 km. W., where good view down the Olmos (valley nearby). About 4 p.m. we set out traps. M.+L trapped same slope, 2 km. W. of summit, going higher than before, putting out about 65 snap traps. Reys set small Acroa near camp. On half mile, I saw that one snap trap had a catch already; I picked up the trap lying in the string, fortunately, for it held a hairy spider w. body over 3" long! No rain this afternoon, tho low clouds about 4-5 p.m. Oversat evening. We put out a lot net after dark on a dry ridge near food. Heard lots but saw and caught none. Cleared after dark. 19 August 1969. My 34 snap traps held 3 Alodon boliviensis and 9 Phyllotie andrewi. Windy morning. M.L. caught several of same spp. We drove back toward Olmos and stopped to camp near Molino (El Molino), when big Frecin tree shoulded rocks and stream flowed clear (many 4" fish in it). Stopped but did not camp here in 1967, 21 km. E. + 7 Km. N. of Olmos, 2700'. Mainly grey stouts brown-backed living birds in Frecin. I shot a or Vermillion Flycatcher

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C. Koford 15 Journal Pern. 19 August 1969. 21 km. E. of Olmos, Opoto harrayque (M.L catlog). Drier than on previous visit, in 1967, but two birds of leizarda evident (as at red bridge camp). We set about 22 snap traps each & put up 3 nets - but little catch in the M.L. got 2 coealids in net, & R N some Antilines. | On evening I hunted gelbos away from and rock were causes, and found 3 in about 1 hrs. ML also found one (see catlog). Pleasant calm dryish (dewet) night. 20 August 1969. Pickled up traps; the others blanked, while I got 2 Phyllotea andium, on rock shelf under auto top 100' above Polly brush floor on N-facing steep slope, near casting drift & open tree. & about to give birth. Probably few birds breeding; no response to squeeze. A large raven gave loud descending calls near creek; somewhat canyon canary like but rather more callier, but more common (white throated res brownjune ?). | Put up specimen, cleaned up. Breezy nearly clear & pleasant in shade. We drove down Olmos valley. About 2 1/2 mi. Below red bridge we saw a 3' long teid skull across the road, then ran into brush. Continued onto Olmos (just off main road) for a few supplies; a working adobe small town - one of main industries was cutting mesquite firewood, selling charcoal. Then on S. to Motupe, & more supplies. Much local propaganda about the Milagros del Cruz de Chalpuno (at night, the mile of road winding up to the cross was lighted all the way). | We continued across river a few miles S. to foot of Cero de la Virgen, where we had looked for gelbos in summer of 1967. We set up 3 nets near foot of hill M. & I set trapsline, about 20 spots (mine set in shade). I worked at pryng off granite slabs for about 1 1/2 hrs. before getting a gelbo - it was very active, on E. side of hill about 5:30 p.m. - and came off rock w. the slab. | Much airborne sheep & goat grazing on the hill. Many cardeleira castors, & leafless grotesque trees. A statue of a woman on S. summit of the hill. | After dark

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C. Koford 16 Journal Perg. 400 20 August 1969 Mo Cope, Dpto. Lambayeque, we searched for gopher among bushes w/ pressure lamp. M + L got about 7 smallish ones, some on ground, some in double fence, all fairly active. Later I got 2 large ones, sold, or large rock force, about 5' up, to smell we are grand; also I saw 3 more small ones, too active to get. Plenty of gopher here, of at least 2 spp. 21 August 1969. We each had an lot of same long-roded species in our net. M. took an swim mouse (spec; probably P. amecus) in traps, while I got 0. We drove w to Jayanca, then tried to find road into the desert to W, toward La Muelta. Roads confusing, and we went about 4 miles on one winding betweem log, slp stick, + barbed-wire fence, vineyard, & other crops, probably toward Monrope - but did not find the track into the "despolcado" to W. Hot & dusty. Often saw Fennecus along roads, or an arn. We returned to Sanotongo and went south to Monrope, then searched on road leading W. Various obscure branches. We wound up on one leading north to Tocume, drove through chores, forest-grayed mosquito "tingaj"-moving groups of people, & occasional patches of desert. Of last, worthy erasin pavement or sand, & little pure sand. We turned back through Monrope & camped about 2 mi. to E. near farmer site (this time getting stuck in sand, while trying to rock sand hills). Windy, but we set up 100 ft. net atop low sand hill. Myself sat about 20 [illegible] tops; plenty of mouse & big ant trouble. I worked on camp chores. We spent an hour about 8 p.m. looking for gopher, in 4/2 moon light, windy. M + L each found one (species). 22 August 1969. Mod. high fog morning. We also M. had 7 P. gerbillus in his snap traps. We extracted car, drove to Chiclayo, & looked up on supplies & repairs. Then hit south to Pi Sava, & started E. toward Heda. Orayton, searching for Taubis. Much sugarcane & at least two

8/22 Leave Chueygo 14310 Leave Carotina PAA, to E 334.2 Browto N, m oyatin 62.? El Espiral 74.2

O. Koford 17 Journal 22 August 1969 Up Rio Sana, Dpto Lambayeque, Peru. mills in flat bottom. Harvesting now. Road skirted green zone, w. rocky desert, canyons above it. Oystein also in green sugar belt; we passed N. of this town, barrow, & took a fork to N., toward Florida and Taulis (after various injuries). Saw two large reservoirs in this low country, bordering rocky deserts. Then road skirted the green low zone, sugar cane, then more reia p[ost]olier. Also bananas, papayas, & later tall [ban]dos grown (& cut) by road. Valley bottom gradually decreased, & thicker than trees in w. hills. Through small settlements such as Pan de Azucar, & Espinal. Adobe & stick buildings. Road me-way, dirt, w. rare turnouts - no place to camp. Pushed on 5 mi. or road beyond El Espinal (Mante [i]no Florida, further up) and [I in Dpto. Cajamarca] camped by roadside rocky hills, trees to 50' feetone of bromeliads, rushing water, tall bamboo, the smell of tropical cloud forest. Bushy & cactury undergrowth. We put up one net in clearing (by 7 p.m. it [Excluded in morning, often photographed]) had a Syngny Owl, which we kept alive). M. & I set out about 30 pros tape near [in]dian & rocks in damp canyon. Overcast & threatening; locals said rains had at night, but rainy season about January. Fairly buggy too, humid, warm. Camp 2000' appx. 23 August 1969. Light sprinkle at night, 9/10 cumulo status in (storming) morning. Inspect sprhead 2 Mew only. Net had fine large bat (CK spec.), taken after 10 p.m. We hooled on. Crossed Rio Sana on bridge . 2 mi. albove camp, where canyon w/o de steep & cliffy. Then an we road-rocky, muddy in spots; often hit near [lump]er, difficult, a gas tank & would have stopped had good camp spot been available. Through La Florida - was sticky & m[oo]able, but some supplies available. Then on about 3 miles to Limuinto, about 400' where coffee dusher commenced. Road

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C. Koford 18 Journal 23 August 1969. Up Rio San, Dpto Cajamarca, Peru. increasingly road, averaged about 5 mph. Watched often at another of sugarmill. Many small clear streams, & jingly potatoes near them, between crops and second growth. 7 mi. beyond Fribia, road neared Rio San - rushing, much white water, 10 yds. wide - and there were a few flat unpopulated sites for camping. Only .8 mi. further, however, we arrived at the huge white ramblhouse of Taulis. It & associated garages, shops, deserted, but 3 girl children of caretaker in saddle nearby (no adults at all). Decided camped site near house, but went on .8 miles to where road turned uphill to 5, & good open grass near trees & streamlet for camp. No signs of habitation there & view of waterfall of Rio San, as well as another thin higher are to SE. Overcast & threatening. We set mouse traps, put up nets in clearing. I set 2 traps along trail leading to Rio San waterfall. Heard tinamou calls, sol la, 2 notes; could not see it, though close. Saw two large iridescent green-backed birds, prob- ably trogon, intra. Few small birds evident. Some trees about 100' tall stand for above general vegetation, showing former cut. Also much area planted to a peculiar tree w. much dissected leaf, planted in rows, often w. coffee cluster between: across canyon of San, forest appears to be recent above our level, about 6000'. Drizzly rain mid-after- oon, sometimes uncomfortably wet. 24 August 1969. My 22 traps held 1 Abota, 2 large rygguines, & a small one (spec). Net held a Dendrocolap (specimen). At night we heard frog making noise like two hollow sticks striking together but were unable to find the animal. M & R got same Abota only. I reset traps. Talked to "guardian" of Taulis, who was friendly. The house built about 25 years ago - now in bad repair, the ter

Journal 6000' Peru. 24 August 1969 Heda Taulis, Rio San, Opls Cajamarca, some furniture + people can stay there. Osver (deceased) had 3 species of trees planted for wood, including casuarina. Much else Cajamarca planted about 18 years ago. He said road went over mtn. to S., to Cajamar n Cheper. He also said beans live, & "llover" (small thin puna, not spotted). Water in small cond N of his San went to Sanja, he said. Us- ually people bring a little furniture in Lerma, to stay at Heda's (home?). We each put up a second mist net. Wanted birds, shrewed mice. Morning partly cloudy, sometimes sunny. In late afternoon we rigged Two nets near houses at Taulis. Only 2 trucks used road all day. Rain on & off in afternoon. Tinamou called early morning, evening, but now more. About 5 p.m. saw a toya (?-mutilated) run across road [divined] 1/4 mile W of route. I about did my trap held an Alcedo, + a humming- bird was in mist net (spec.). Dreizzly evening, but calm. 25 August 1969. No rain night, but all over wet by dawn. We had set two nets near Taulis' houses; but no bird catch this morning. Rare droppings sign dove of bats around building. Cantekin said that recently a fox, size of dog, "snice", had taken two of his turkeys. My 24 traps held: Alcedo (under edge boards), 3 red-brown oryzine w. white belly, 1 gray oryzine. A net along path trail caught a Desmodus and large hummingbird (CBK +100). I saw a raven-sized dominant bird w. black body, much white dusted to half of tail (= hawk?). Sky still threatening at 11 a.m., no rain yet. Shot an iridescent green-bodied tanager. I set 17 snap traps, some baited w. mouse meat, near tree and logs in forest. Set 2 #2 steel traps, 50 yds apart, in area where saw the "toya" yesterday. Rain on and off from about 2 to 6 p.m. never very hard. I have 2 nets out; so have M.J. & R.M., also set 10 traps near boulder near pasture near Taulis' buildings, to see if Phyllosie there. No rain at night.

[illegible] Louise Tank's camp 148 92.1 Rood w. to Samuel 98.8 Camped- 109.0

20 Journal 26 August 1969 Heda Tadi's, Dpt. Cajamarca, Peru My traps held 2 dryzamps (spess). Nothing in 2 steel sets, a nets. Took all up. Shot a ringbird in tree-planted area forest. Rain starts about 9 a.m., & rain lightly below lighted heavily on and off during day; no clearing in morning. Fog from 1000 to 4pm rose & engulfed us. Took in all gear & departed about 1500, up the mountain. Road switchbacked up through cloud forest & patches cleared ground, w. rare houses. 6-7 miles close camp, side road to a school, a local told us we were still in Heda Tadi's (Cajeno area), hilled in plane work). He also said wont rain January to May, dries in June. He said road goes on about 2 hours to Cruzalmy, when turn off to Chepeu. Road never are way; increasingly muddy as rain continued. We were almost stuck several times. Humid forest continued, though more cleared areas, grassy, & more houses (stick & thatch; sheep roaming). About dark we stopped in road to camp & let road dry out; stopped raining about then. Many good bird hunting sites along this route, & traffic almost nil (car a horse). Camped at about 9000' above, about 17 mi. from previous camps. /At one point on route, a miniature unit straight into rock about 100'; saw no bolt or guano therein. /But net at road made rosetch, tho I saw at least 2. /No rain at night; cleared. 27 August 1964. We parked in in mud, with some help from locals; road still muddy from yesterday's rains but sunny morning. Two boys came by us, string of 14 rainbow trout, 8-10" long, which we bought at 1 sol each (33 1/2 for all 14). Road improved somewhat; about 2 1/2 mi. miles beyond camp, a road took off to R., toward San Miguel. It was grass covered, w. no significant travel, so we took road to h, which had trout & food marks. This discovered in switchback, about 2 mi. to the Rio Grande, where joined by the Cascavilla (stream). Perhaps 50 people living in area, tending long-horned sheep. A mini said to be an hour further along the road. Trout in stream and two small lagoons thereon. We had mined road to San Miguel &d

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27 August 1969. Hida, Taulis, Dpt. Cajamarca, Perú. only way out was back up the hill (muddy and impassable to see). The people & country pleasant but no forest nearby. After talking around, M. & I decided to hike back to Palmito, about half way to our Taulis camp, as this was lush of only truck in the region (Don Manuel Aguilar, administrator). We hiked back two hours & talked w/ farmer who informed us road to San Miguel very bad, but offered to lend us horses for trip to Palmito town now. We return to our car. Little rain today. No rain at night. 28 August 1969. Overcast morning, slowly clearing. We tried road up slope. Made it about half way after great effort, with help of school boys to put truck in mud, & push car. M went to the ranch to arrange for horses to Palmito; I soon joins her. Ray stayed w/ car - Soon after Mr reached the ranch, Ray arrived in car - 4 young men w/ shovels had helped him over the last mud curve. Road much wider today. We saw an avada coming close. [We drove both toward Florida. Got stuck on a log bridge, but finally on, went Palmito & down to Taulis and to La Florida. Passing a bulldozer towing an air compressor, coming up the narrow road, provided diversion. Digging at 7000' and below. Went on down road to camp near Oyteana in rocky desert w/ 2 kinds of caper bush and an odd squishy candelabra cactus, to 15' tall. Set traps. Heard larks in evening. (specs.) M & I marched [illegible] for gelber w/ propane lamps about 2 hrs. and got (4, mostly on the rocky ground near base of big cactus. One was on the cactus tree, about 2' up. All same species, I think. The half overcast calm evening. [I picked ripe freshly new - one 29 Aug green ovule on road above our Taulis camp, about 6500'(spec.). 29 August 1969. My 15 snap traps hold 1 min. Phyllostis annieae (spec.). M also got one. Mine near line of arid- loved caper brush. M & R collected a few lizards. Hummingbirds (brownish, white breast) common, as was mockingbird. a large finch sang loudly (not collected). Tracks of large fisted objects; and M and R collected some of smaller spp. Departed about noon and drove to

CKord 1969 Journal 29 August 1969. To Dr. Pacasmayo, Dpto. Libertad, Peru. Highway near Moquegua, the S., about 4 mi. S., visited campsite on road to Wicken R. Hamilton and stayed in Sept. 1967. Appearance unchanged. Surface of sand is very coarse sand, or tiny pebbles. Many lizard tracks & holes, but hardly any more lizards seen. We continued on S. and camped about 1/2 mile E. of road at edge requisite low brushaway bordered by sticking brush fence; same camp as used July 14, 1967. Vermilion Flycatcher, Mockingbird, & many small birds here, but mildly. Nest of Sparrow, & of mud, in mesquite; apparently not currently in use by fernandez. Wind decreased evening. I set 15 snares traps. We put up 3 midnite for lizards. In evening, M+K hunted geckos on rocky bare hills to W. of camp and took 7 of fair size. 30 August 1969. Nets took no bats; 2 birds (M.h.). My 15 snares traps took 0. Mk got a rat (aygomnis?). We drove on S past San Pedro de Llora, an area of sand dunes, a road up to mission ruin town in hill, & 5 of those, in region km 630, many sand lummholes topped w. papers. Trujillo; Shopping store repair in Trujillo; start of a fiesta (Berta Rosa?). Then off on good inland toward Huamachuco. Mostly dirt road from the start. Small towns along the way. Slow we waited 1/2 hr. while group of people, singing, carried image of virgin 1/2 mile to chapel. Dry canyon - cactus only at first, then Tilanderia, then shrubs. We went about 40 miles to 4 miles past a small village, then up a side road (sign said Huascacay 6 km) where we camped near slopes w. oat fields, boulders, and shrubs. All set traps. I set 22 snares + 7 live traps by lizards, rocks. Found nest of Notoprosto under overhanging stone in patch of brush; egg shells still present, unweathed. We are 1.6 mi. up Yanachuel - Huascacay road, & junction is 22 mi. below Ojuzco - Huamachuco jet.

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CKoford 1969 23 Journal La libertad, Peru. 13000 ft. 31 August 1969 To: 10 mi. WNW of Santiago de Chucos, Dpto., My snap traps held 4 Phylotis, most or all P. andinum. I put up 5, discarded jaws. ML took 11 mice, including apparent P. mozistis and some Abadiri bolivianus. Roy got 4 P.a. We put up snares. I collected 2 leijarse on rocky slope of oat stubble field. Then drove toward Otuzgo, crossed river just after junction, then (8 mi. from jot.) on through Palapampa, 8500'. Much planted eucalyptus ; hard heavily grazed and planted. Dry aspect; 5 mi. beyond (Palapampa) Palapampa, again crossed river - dirty yellow color (mr. law 89 post). About 7 mi. on, mr. law. 100-105, pasture, patches of brush, some rock outcrops and walls - prospective complete, and still eucalyptus (about 10,500). 20 mi. beyond Polle p., again crossed yellow river. Much sign mining, & extensive mine buildings about 4 mi. on, at Horay ( Northern Peru Mining, Inc.). We took branch toward Santiago de Chucos (54 km.), not going on 6 km to Quiricote road wound up through open rolling graveland wr. few rock outcrops. 7 miles from Horay, we saw seed snipe, & I shot a Capella & plovers. Also saw frogs in clear stream. Some Distichlis growing low. Cold, over- cast, & some hail. 2 miles on to highest point, 13100' by our altimeter. We camped about 4/2 mile down S de Chucos side & set traps via boulders and cliffs. Last 22 snap traps..! (open.) About 9 p.m., an Abadiri bolivianus caught. Overcast night, light breeze. 1 September 1969 My traps held 1 Ornyzomyx (open). Others took Colomys, Phylotis pictus. Saw and heard splithorn near roads, grass low heavily grazed, mostly 2-3" tall. No frost last night. We drove 4 miles toward Santiago (R.H. collected a T hirstorum, and we saw others) de Chucos to high point where we could see many nts. of Cordillera Blanca to S. Most mountain in distance looked black. Then back toward N about 2 miles, to peak

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CKoford 24 Journal 1 September 1969 To 15 mi. W. of Quinivila, Dato. to Libertad, flew up 2 frogs in small stream (M.L. sps.). Then looked at Abay, down to Yellow River, & on to Km. 103, about 15 mi. W. of Quinivila, 11000'. Mud and rock walls near road, planted 60' eucalyptus, brush & wet ridge areas to S. of road. We set traps. Good water in canal. Developed toward river 1/4 mile, same area of 2-5' tall ridge on wet ground, at edge & in surrounding brush, many passerines with occasional dumps of pale greenish droppings 15 x 5 mm., like little scavenger. Guinea pig? I set saw traps there, and 2 steel traps. Set 24 snares in all. 2 September 1969. Cool overnight. My traps held 2 Phyllotis (walls), one Calomys (thick grain), and 5 Oryzomyx (mossy area under brush). Others took Phyllotis. I shot a Drilleria in eucalyptus. Saw Olophos, furider, furnarius. Frog eggs and tadpoles in canal. Departed about noon, to W., 7 1/2 miles to bridge, then 4 1/2 to Agallapampa (some supplies available). Down 7 1/2 miles to another bridge, up .6 mi. to Olayos jet, and on #3.7 mi. to Yantayahuad - narrow bay road. Campsite 1.7 mi. up road. We went on 1 1/2 mi. further, but more cultivated and exhausted, so camped all set on road turnout. Set all our traps, hoping to get live P. mogista. I set 33 live traps, 22 snares, from road to ridge 500' (alt.) above. Saw 3 Nethopacta flush from dense brush on high slopes. 3 September 1969. Rainier cool night. My traps held (live) 1 big Oryzomyx (sps.), 4 P. andium, 1 Akodon bolivianus, and (snared) 1 Ak. bol., 12 P. andium. MD had a dozen or so P. andium and Akodon. She now was out near her live traps in morning. Clean warm day. Put up specimens. Took in all traps. Departed about noon and drove to Trujillo, about 45 mi. from our side-road junction; slow, dirty, cable-d road. Jaleo in city, then departed to south and camped about 32 mi. S. on rocky desert at foot barren rocky hill. R.H. took a giddy or fled after dark. 4 September 1969. Drove S. through Chimbote, Casma. Stopped at newest lumber dealing firm: 200 post, 5 mi. NW of Pativilca, & I took a lizard (sps.). Then

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C.Koford 25 Journal 4 September 1969 To Loamas Lachay, Dept. Lima, Peru. 1000 ft. To Lachay, Km. 89, where hill to level of road (1000) and even lower was pale green. There were 20+ small camps of goats here, + flocks of goats on the green slopes. Then about Km. 110. Area greener than in early August 1, - first such green barren hills we have seen since Trujillo. We went on to Churin road, up at 6.3 mi, + off on track to behind of green lomas, where had camped August 1, and in '67. Hope to get wiscacha specimen. From this side, green below (including large oxalis) extends more than halfway down slope among cactus and boulders. We set a few (6) steel traps near wiscacha trodden sign, about 3:30 p.m. Personally I saw no fresh droppings, but some apparent trails (they last long in the dust). Sun burning out, dejado. Foggy clouds 3 p.m.; starling by 6 p.m. 5 September 1969. Tho M. and R. said heard lute in night, not sure can you take now. But M. got a wiscacha in steel trap set under rocks; the animal was dead with part of one hind leg eaten, as if attacked by a fox. We drove to Lima and picked up mail, shopped, visited Towing & Automobile Club to inquire about car loans. Then in evening visited W. Manuel Plenge, 191 Armenteros, Miraflores. He was about 30, works for Sec 5. Peru Copper, and has been extant in Peruvian birds. He is preparing a bibliography of these birds, and has a fair reference collection of books and reprints, including U.S. ornithological journals. He recommended several areas in Dept. Lima for collecting, including Bosque de Piedras on Santa road from Lima (to NE). Also he had fairly completed set of topographical maps. He was willing to ship specimens for us, as he had done for Paynter (?) and Ashmole, and would arrange for us to pack the center lot next to his office (av. Torre 411, 8° floor; Corilla 2649, Lima, 5 Peru Copper Corp.) He lives w. mother in elaborately furnished (much china displayed) house in fairly nice section about 1 block from a small park and the ocean. We drove south on Carretera Panamericana to new Km. 83, Pearson's Tilanderia study area, and camped there.

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C. Koford 26 Journal 4 September 1969. To Nazca, Dept Ica, Peru. We drove on S. through Carute and Chircha to Pisco, and to Parcona and out road a peninsula to Loguillar. Peninsula mostly red pebble desert pavement, w/ no vegetation. Road ended at beach where found number of skeletons and droppings of pelicans, cormorants, shearwaters, sea lion (rocks skull of one). Along shore an occasional dark Cuchulote (spec.), turning weeds aside among wet rocks at water's edge. Sighted several Turkey Vultures and two Condors over beach, on windward side. Good to Sto. Pejerrey: not open to public except Sunday & late afternoon; apparently grunting looking area. We skipped Loguilla Grande and took shortcut to highway (km 250), and headed S. to W. of Des, hills of sand pebbles 500' high, perhaps w/ rocky hillbases. Much flat pebbly desert too! Continued on to Nazca where [to Oficina de Correos, Nazca] we met Mr. Franklin (Utah State Univ grad student), who was then been working on vegetation at Bamba Dolores Vicuña Reserve. He & wife live at Bolgoresi 263, near the Hotel de Trivistan, and he spends 5 days a week at the preserve. Camped on desert nearby: cold wind eve, wet dew at night. 7 September 1969. Car & tent repair, and packed specimens, also jobs, in Nazca. Departed 3:30 p.m. & drove up Peguio road 52 miles, to alt. 10500'. Along road landscape nearly barren, tho occasional cactus & small brush, and many trails of goats, and found a few large flocks of goats. Camp area had remains of grazed shrubs among boulders. We all set snap traps; I set 22 among boulders, rocks wolly, save near brusher. Just before reaching site, R.H. saw a dark "coyote-like" animal run across the road; a guinea? This was small track w/ deep pads at the site. Clear evening among low red-rock cliffs and boulders. No water seen. 7 September 1969. Clean calm dry night. M.L. took 4 mice, R.H 2, and I took 2, all apparently P. darwini. We saw various finches and flycatchers. Departed and drove on 15 miles to highest point, about 12500 ft. (70 mile

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C. Koford 27 Journal 1 September 1969 To Pampa Galeras, Dpto. Ayacucho, Peru. from Nazca), when we saw groups of vicuñá, and a little further on saw llamas and the buildings of the vicuña preserve. We talked w/ them there, who said latest census gave about 1100 vicuñá in preserve (6000 hectárea) and about 1700 outside. Also there were llamas, alpacas, cattle, and a number of Indian family dwellings, (also pigs loose around headquarters). They said there were 3 llamas (Tiranamete) on hill to S. of Lagota, & many about 4 km. to SW where were llamas. They had a map showing location of vicuña colonies too. We tried to camp near buildings, but dogs and pigs became agressive. So we drove 6 miles toward Piquio, to avoid border of preserve, & camped 1/2 mile S. near buildings, grass, shrubs, and a few guenqa trees. We set traps; I set 31 snap traps and 3 steel traps. Most near low cliffs and guenoa. I shot a Upucerubia in rodin (specim). Saw no lagijas. Flocking llamas, and some cattle and sheep. Saw no tiramouna or vicuñá. 8 September 1969 Calm night, 2/10 overcast; froze water inside. My snap traps held 2 Phyllotis pictus, 2 Colongas, and 3 Abrota bolivianus (dead wt 713g, & 14 g, young). I other caught 0. Steel traps, no results. I shot a flycatcher (spec.). ML put up 3 of my mice. Clear morning. We took up traps and drove to headquater (of Islenze Reserve) and visited W. WL Franklin, who showed us some of what he was doing. He had an assistant who watched groups, plotted movements and encounters, from small hut. Study area blocked off into 200 m² squares by painted piles of stones. He also showed me a road, leading SW from our camp of last night, where there were said to be Notthropecta in thick bunchgrass on hillslope, above stream. On way back to highway, on rocky - shot grouse ground about 1/2 mile Saw from lower high table, we flushed two Tiranamete perduldi walking side by side. I shot at them at long range; no effect, then ran after them until they flew uperslope into super tala. Later, about 7 p.m. Galeras- 24 lug. 112 Nazca 186

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Journal 8 September 1969. Pampa Caleras, Dpto. Ayacuchos, Peru. the 3 of us tramped slopes in area and flushed one, which flopped and said 200 yds. downslope and landed in ditch at bottom. We were unable to flush it again. We continued on down thru roads to area of supposed Inca works, Incahuasi, where there were stone walls, and woto in mule bottom. This about 1 mile from Sanctis. We set traps. I put 30 snap traps near rock walls, boulders, and bunch grass (rare brush) on S. slope. Ray searched tall grass for Nuthatches but saw none. We saw 6 Thiseone at one site. M. saw a bird in mule pond, & I shot it (spec.). Cold cleared night. I saw one djard today and M&L collected one. [Incahuasi] 9 September 1969. Frosty morning. Much calling of Thiseone at dawn, and some at night, but heard no tinamous. My traps held 6 Phyllostis pictus, 1 P. bolivianus. M&L took 2 of latter, 8 pictus. I shot a hummingbird (spec.) on boulder among thick grass. Near stream in fine saw spots, I saw apparent treader of small mouse (P. sublimine?). We saw a P. Boliv- ianus run to rock wall about 8 am, but 40 live traps set for about 3 hrs. this - after took none. We put up specimen, then drove 4 mile farther on road (seita about 30 km.), to wien area mostly low tala. Searched, but found no tinamous there. Then returned to tala zone where we had seen Tinamotis, but 3 of us search- ing about 2 hours found none. Then back to headquarters, talked w/ personnel, and on 2 miles to summit, then down slightly 3 mi. to rough rock and brush canyon, where we set traps. I set 80 snap traps in rocks near brush. Overcast afternoon, warmer than yesterday, but wind came up about 7 p.m. and continued as into night. 10 September 1969. Frostier morning. Checked traps. I had 1 Nutomyz, 1 Phyllostis bol- ivianus, 5 Phyllostis darwini. M&L put up some of these. We reset traps; I set 30 snaps. We were mystified by 10 x 3 mm. droppings scattered on trails.

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c Koford Journal 18 September 1969 Pampa Calera, Dpto. Ayacuch, Peru sand and near stream, or of large free-ranging rat. I put traps on sand near stream where some mouse footprints. I shot one mice which ran near me, but saw no others. Also I shot a flycatcher and a Cincloka. About 5 p.m. we saw a pair of Aplom- ado Falcons land in our shot gun and took, or if feeding (2 specimens). Overcast and spooked about 6 p.m. We stayed at headquarters hut. 19 September 1969. Moderate breeze night, but no frost. My traps held 3 P. larvini, 1 Abdominivorus. Clear morning; wind about 10 kts. Other toka P. larvini, and M.L. a short-tailed mouse. We drove on down to Nazca, about 54 mi. from summit (measured road ascending) to repoba, get time, lubricator, and so on. Also visited w. Mrs. W. Franklin (nee Burns, El Segundo, Calif.). Boss promised dog carpets for yesterday was half finished, but day after he finished, a rather rough job but usable (for strings except in Lima). Then we drove south in dark to about km 295, in desert south of sea. 13 September 1969. Foggy morning. We drove on to Hotel Paracas, arriving 0730 a.m. (turn off Panamericana near km 250 at fertilizer plant; journal). Ashmole) Takahiro manages, who knew Phil Ashmole, Joy Schuhle, Jim Fowler, etc. A carder mount- ed in box had been taken by Fowler. Mrs. showed an article in Life or Parade July 28, 1969. He said Loguilla a good place to see carders. We drove down Taguas Drinks road about a mile, then to a bay to south, w. long sand beach. On this I found many remains of sea lions, pelicans, cormorants, and other such, including a green (?) turtle. Fishermen said only occasional carder there, but many about 14 hrs. to s. on road. We then went to Loguilla beach, which we had visited about a week ago. Again found many carcasses of sea lions in various stages of decay, including pups. I found 3 fox popper skulls, and many paws over. Found about 5 penguins, some dried, one fairly fresh. Also Puffinus spp. shorewater, gulls, pelicans, cormorant remains. Most impressive was the remains of Lestry - locked turtle! I found 28 dried heads, and saw

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C. Koford Journal 13 September 1969 Paracas Penn., Dept. Ica, Peru. about half as many carcasses in sand - all rather old, probably several months. In addition many flippers, apparently cut off. All lying in sand along 1/2 mile of beach. Eventually a turtle dug a break at some point. Apparently must take a side-winded turn. Many penguin colonies, turtles, other shore birds. A few seals. One huge flock 500+ cormorants in a fogged formation (all black). I found fairly fresh remains of booby fish or sooty tern parts, charred vertically including very living, white larva wing at base rest- We picked up various shells on beach; most to be left in Lima until an appropriate vessel ship if desired. Boat gear ready for leaving. Clear sky about noon and thereafter pleasant, w. wind about 10 kts. from SW. We saw up to 50 terns flying over shore, but no cormorants. Drove N. and camped near Lima 80 south of Lima. 14 Sept. 1969. Repacked gear and drove to Lima. Visited Manuel Blanco. Left car at parking lot. Went to airport and departed in evening for San Francisco. 15 Sept. 1969. Arrived Los Angeles went thru customs w. no problems. Continued to San Francisco and Berkeley + End of Peru 1969 trip.

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Cat #2159 C.B.Koford and E.J. Koford 1970 Catalogue CBK: #4341-4454 + 1969 4455, 4490-95. Peru EJK Nos. 11-32. 1970

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c. Koford 1 Specimen Catalog Peru Trip - Summer 1970 1970 16 June 10 km. NW Quito, Prov. Pichincha, Ecuador. 3700 m. [hd. tv tower road, slopes of Mt. Pichincha.] 4341 ♀ t.3 Oryzomys 216-120-23-17, 24 gms. 4342 ♀ no emb. Oryzomys sp. (1) 214-117-23-17, 23 gms. 4343 ♀ no emb. Soricid Cryptotis 112-30-13-6, 9 gms. above 30m very steep slope near lava outcrop from gray shrubs, thick grass sedge. [=1 km. SW of Equator monument] [best Casitagua Gc.] 17 June 22 26 km. NNE Quito, Prov. Pichincha, Ecuador. 2500 m. 4344 ♂ t.9x6 Phyllotis haggardi 183-94-23-22, 29 gms. snap trapped, flow five rockrose under s' shoulder on dry mod. slope facing E, 50yds. up from Dry grassy work. Richly yucca & sparse goat-grazed vegetation. [= 4 km. by road to NW of Equator Monument] 26 22 km. NNE Quito, Prov. Pichincha, Ecuador. 2800 m. 4345 ♀ ut. flaccid; bloody. Akodon boliviensis ? 167-64-18-13, 27 gm. 4346 ♂ t.4x3 " " 165-65-21-15, 25 gms. Reithrodon tynys mexicanus sordidus 4347 ♀ t.4 Oryzomys 180-104-20-17 , 12 gms. 4348 ♀ no emb. sp.(2) n " 169-96-19-16 , 10 gms ut.h. flaccid, 4349 ♀ no emb. " " 189-107-20-17 , 15 gms. sp. (3) 4350 ♀ no embryo " " 174-102-19-17 , 10gms above 6 near boulders in thick low matted brush, w. some dodley, Abies - 20%. cytot. A 4351 ♂ t.2 Oryzomys " " 163-92-19-16, 10 gms. cytot. B 4352 ♂ " " 162-95-19-17, 9 gms. Flea Tunga, 2 Lankl/18, 147mm out on tail; distal tar. c cytoto. 4353 ♀ Oryzomys " 159-86-20-16, 9 gms. cyto.D 4354 " " 163-97-19-16, 10g./coll. 1 Tunga, R car. 4355 ♂ ♀ ut.h. bloody Oryzomys 171-99-19-16, 11 gms. 2 emb. 4356 ♀ c-R 22. Akodon 168-71-22-15, 28 gms. 18 June 22 km. NNE Quito, Prov. Pichincha, Ecuador. 2500 m. 4357 ♂ t. small (<2) Oryzomys Reithrodon tynys buffy chest 163-98-20-17, 9 gms. Igenhipps. gray chest " 4358 ♀ 196-110-20-18, 16gms. above two near boulders in short scattered shrubs, ferns, cactus on dry E. slope in rocky canyon, snap trapped.

Discarded animals - 17 June 1970, 26 km NNE Quito ♀ Not slightly eaten. wt. 21 gms. wt. scars, 2 R.I.K., Akodon (bolivianus ?)-like 4345 Tunga fleas. 17-18 June 1970 ♀ 4358 R ear, lumps in tail 4353 - Saved 1 R ankle, 2 on R foot (foot attached), 1 from distal L ear. (Photocd animal in Kodachrome) 4355 - Coll. 1, R ear. These together in 7070 Roth. From both drier (4358) + wetter sites. All Oryzomys = Reithrodontomys Catch - Alto Galacala- June 23 - 2 Akodon bolivi. June 24 - 7 Phyl. darw. 1 Hesperomys 3 Cavia - alive, steel traps #130g, #225g, 2 Ak. bolivi. - live trap. 1 Ak. jeliski'i - like tr Discarded P. darw. ♂ 31 g, t. 2 ♂ 23 g, t. 2 ♂ 34 g, t. 4 (♂ 40g., t. 2 specimen) ♀ 27 g, ut. imm. Ak. bolivi. ♂ 16 g, t. 2 ♂ 14 g, t. 2 ♂ 18 g, t. 3 ♀ 15 g, ut. imm.

c. Koford 2 Specimen Catalog 1970 24 June Juliaca Alta Galacala, 40 mi. NNE Putina, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 13700' 4359 ? t.2 Hesperomys decilla 119-57-18-16, 10 grms. Bare trailder in short brush near grass, mod. slope, 50 yds. above stream. skins, Furnarid 4360 ? or. < 1 mm. 20 grms, sl. fat. Rictus yellow. Lics light brown brown among grass bunches and rocks; liked bare ground. 4361 ? t.2 Phyllobis darwini 236-127-26-22, 40 grms. 25 June 4362 ? no emb. Calomys Hesperomys decilla 143-70-17-19, 12 grms. 4362 ? no emb. Akodon jelskii 165-69-24-20, 22 grms Tall thick grass, damp ground; 50 yds. to nearest rocks; flat (Caria area). Tail cut short 4363 ? t.4 Akodon jelskii 142-35-26-21, 40 grms. Thick grass, tall, damp, in Caria los trails; 10 yds. from rock wall. skull only 182-4-35-27 passed, too 43 64 ? imm. Cavia c. 529, died short & poor, overnite 130 grms. fresh skull mly skull t. internal 212-5-40-22; 225 live. 43 65 ? imm. " 10x12 225 olive (180 grms, dead in cage after 1 1/2 days) skull only ? t.internal, 2 ut, bulbs, 9X12 233-12-40-22 capt. June 24. 43 66 ? 10x12 " 22+ grms. alive (210 dead, June 25) skull only t. 9X12 " skinned 43 67 ? 227-13-40-23 200g. skull mly t.15 + bac. 43 68 ? lse.access. 247-10-45-25 270g. lact.tiss. 2 ut bulbs, 11x11 mm., L.horn 4369 ? Cavia 244-10-41-24 280g. Furnarid 43 70 ? sk. partly clear mod. fat, 20 grms. Furnarid 4371 ? or. < 1 mm. sl. fat, 22 grms. ? or. < 1 mm. 4372 ? Troalodytes aeden ? sl. fat. 4373 ? no emb. Cavia Phyllovis d. 194-90-24-29, 30 grms. 26 June lact. tiss; 2 ut bulbs, L.horn caecum (5 g. (0600-0830) 4374 ? Cavia 238-8-39-24, 250 grms. 2emb, lgsit. 20X15 both R.horn; emb. C-R 15- feet eyes. ut bulbs R.horn, Lhs, cut taken from. 4375 ? or Cavia 229-9-39-22 243 grms. Semen plug Cop. plug ( ). x! t. 10X11 mm. No "milk" in epid. stomach empty; caecum 13 grms (taken 2:30-4 p.m.)

All cavia cataloged (some skull only) Cavia June 24 130 pm. ♀ - front leg injured. vulva closed. Caged. Died overnight. ut. inactive, imm. ♂/♀ 225 g. ♀ 224 g. - after overnight in trap. June 25 - Cavia - in traps 0630 - " - in traps -> 6 pm. Discarded: June 25 P. darwiniosilae - ♀ 30 g., noemb. 192-90-24-20 - - ♀ 27g., ut. imm. - - ♂ 24g., imm. P. bolivianensis ♂ 16g, t.2 " ♂ 24g, t.3 June 26 - 1 Cavia betw. 0600-0830. Ak.b. in steel tr. (9 sec) 31 snaps = 3 P.d., 2 A.j., #1 A.boliv. -16g, ut.inactive cavia - 2:30-4pm, ♀_plug. cataloged 4315 = phyl.osil.(buff nk.host)(ear 22 ♂ 30 g; t.3 ♂ 349; t.3 ♂ 339; t.3 - ♂34gm, ♀old utis -> AK. jelskii - ♀ 35 gm.s., ut.sc. 1R26,1C. ♂ 29g., ±.2, black. June 27 0600,0700,0745- 0 in cavia tr. (+P.arldea, A.b.lulu.0600) 0830 - 1 ♂, 300g. (catlog) 30 snaps - 3 ak.jolskii 2 P. pictus ♀,40g, long st.horns. noemb.- 2 A.bolivar. 1 ak.bol. 1 Nerpengump - ♂ 34g., ut.inact. ; ♂ 29g. ut imm. - ♀ 36g., ut.sc. - ♂ 32, t.5. - ♂ 28g., ut imm., j.♂ 29g. ut imm. - ♂ t.3 (imm.)? ♀10g, imm. - 0800-0830 in Cavia dena; ♂ 26 gms,t.2 - ♀ 12 gms. (catalog) ⊕ ak.bol. t.10x6 (steel trap, 1100) 1pm.- shifted 5 steel traps, Cavia lori. 8p.m - no Cavia, 1 P.reistum (in thick grass), Phyl.pict. - ♂ 33g. (180-80), ut.inactive (steel trap, tall thick grass, etc). No Cavia 8 p.m.

Specimen Catalog 26 June Alta Calacala, 40 mi. NNE Juliaca, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 15400 ft. no emb. 4376 ♀ immat. hrs. Phylotis osilae 248-126-26-22 , 48gms. 27 June 4377 ♀ ut. inact. Hesperomys savella ? 134-63-19-17 , 12.9gm 4378 ♀ noemb. Phylotis pictus 180-81-25-20 , 34gms. 27 June skull only semen plug stam. 20% foil; fine green mush. 4379 ♂ t. 16x3 Cavia 235-10-41-24, 300 g. Hcda. Calacala, 7 mi. SW Peting Dpto. Puno, Peru. 13000 ft. 4380 ♂ t.t Mustela frenata 288-91-35-18, 110gms. Found freshly dead, bloody neck on thick veg. in garden by Erik Koford. 28 June uti.h., 2x X 2, no emb. or scars 4381 ♀ Mustela frenata 304-106-35-17, 100gms. shot about 7:00 in red wall meather and rivulet (Cavia area) near caseris. 25 June skull only 4382 Felis pajeros head & body ca. 510 mm. killed by dog about in grassland about 2 miles NW of caseris. 1 July Lga. lake Loriscota, 21 mi. W SW Mazocruz , Dpto. Puno Peru. 14900' no emb. or scars capt. June 30; overnite in cage Mod. fat. cyf. skull only 4383 ♀ Ctenomys opimus 240 gms. , 282-92-40-8 2.sl. skull only w/ hodge, 1 R 15 mm. (rosalier?) " cyt. 4384 ♀ " capt. June 30; overnite in cage Mod. fat. 295 gms. , 285-97-60-7 9 July Died 9 July 1970, in captivity. skull only (dcd in capt.) 9 July 9 4385 ♂ t. 9x6 Ctenomys opimus 320-91-40-10 360 gms No { 4386 " given to Spre } 4387 " Sra. Paredes, Calacala. 3 July 5 mi. W. Mazocruz, Dpto. Puno Peru. (3000 ft. 4388 ♀ Akodon berlepschii 158-66-21-17 , 22 gms New diffused slope near Lutti hamletgran and scattered tola.m. P. denumini. Lga. Loriscota, 21 mi. WSW Mazocruz 1490 ft. 1 July ♂ t. 20x15 Lagidium p. 610-289-90-60, 2 3/4 lbs. sk.+pen 4389 " 1 sk.+pen 4390 ♂ t. 15x15 " p. 602-283-85-61, 2 1/2 lbs. 4 July Hcda. Pichipichuni, 6 km. SSW Huacallani, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 12800 ft. (coll. E J Koford) 4391 ♂ t.f Calomys 715-42-17-17, 14 gm. ytut. cart. only fewej killed July 8 eve. → q July skull t. 20x10 4404 Ctenomys peruanos no meas. , 360gm.

(catch June 27 Cavia ♂ 300g. (cat.- skull only) June 28 Only traps, 8 for Cavia 0700 - 1 Phyl. pictus ♀ 150g, thick grass runway. big!. disc. 209-95-25-20, ut. long, but no scars. 1 Ak. boliv., ♂ t.2 209ms. disc- 1 July - shot 2 viscacha, loniseta, (capt. 3 cterom), traps. Cytotax. 2 July Ot. op.), Loniseta, Nand antofaga! red- ♀ 240 g. - ice!6 tape-polo ♀ 295g ice 6 min Spin - then 20min to throw CH3COOH! Discarded:- Phyllobi's darw. chil. - fluffy ♀ 234.1/4-26-25, 46g. ut. long but macrot- Akodon boliv. 18 gm. ♀, ut. inactric P. darwini 249, ♀, ut. inact. (prob.min.) AK. jelskii ♀ 24 g., ut. inact. (min ?), 3 July - 5 mi. N. Mazocr. -1 AK. berlep. (catalog) Discarded:- 6 Phyl. darwini ♀ 44g. tiny old scars ut. ♂ 30g, t.t ♀ 31g. ut.min. ⊗ 26 g., t.3 ♀ 23g, min. ⊗ 28g,t.3

Specimen Catalog. 4 1970 5 July Heda, Pichipichuni, 6 km sse Huacallani, Dpto. Puno, Peru, 12800'. NW 2 sl. cyto. 4392 ♂ t.2. Calomys? 94-34-15-15, 9 gms. Cought by hand among grass clumpers on flat ground near river joiner. capt. a.m.; killed 2 p.m. 2 sl. cyto. 4393 ♂ t. 10 x 12 ctenomys peruanus 323-01-40-11, 515 gms. 6 July 3 Km. E. July, Dpto. Puno, Peru, 12600 ft. (dead 24hrs) 4394 ♂ t.3 Phyllostis picbus 167-76-23-20, 26 gms. 5 July Heda-Pichipichuni 20 mi. s sully Dpto. Puno Peru. 12 700 ft. Jul; 4395 ♂ ctenomys peruanus (dead 2 days) 360 g, 4395 ♂ t. 9x12 Galea musteloides 235-10-40-22, 220 gms 1 f396 ♀ ut.h. short, no emb. o sc. " " 235-12-38-23, 370 gms. skull only 1 4397. ♂ t. 10x12 " " 238-11-41-22, 310 gms. 9 July 4 mi. sse Limbani, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 13000 ft. 4398 ♀ or ut.sc. Calomys no emb. 100-31-17-16, 10 gms. Lariscoto 8 July ctenomys opimus Oryzamine - buff spot chest ? 4399 ♂ t.5 217-102-26-21 42 gms. cyto. 10 July ut.horn thick, inactive, (capt. a.m., 9 July; killed 8 p.m., 10 July. 2 sl. 4400 ♀ Phyllostis osilae phacus ? 254-144-27-27, 36 gms. 11 July 3 mi. NNE Limbani, 9200 ft. (Coll. EJK) [Aqualani] 4401 ♂ t.6x5 Orolestes inca 228-120-24-15, 31 gms. swamp top, 10' from water - boulders, moss, ferns; damp lush green veg. no emb. brown belly 4402 ♀ or sc. Oryzomy's 230-134-24-16, 23 g, gray belly 4403 ♂ t.3 " 187-109-23-15, 15g. Flycatcher - yellow center. (Coll. E.J Koford) 4404 ♀ or < 1 mm 10 gms, sl. fat. Tanager 4405 ♀ lost or > 1 mm, no wt.; fat. 12 July 4406 ♂ t.2. Oryzomy's 200-115-25-16, 16 gms. 4407 ♂ t.5. Akodon b. no meas.; 22 gms; 4408 sex ? Tanager - dk. blue. no fat, 18 gms. 9 embryos; Phyllost. bat 4409 ♂ 56-0-14-16, 15 gms. Netted over rocky stream; net left overnight.

4 July - Catch: 1 Ethymod.Calomys?(alive) (by hand) -> (catalog) Snaps: 5♂ AK. boliv. 13-19 gms, 2 ♂♂, t. 3. 3♀♀, ut. inact.} disc. 4 Phyl. darw. ♀47 gms, ut. long but inact. ♀36 gms, ut. inact. ♂28g, 6.3 ♂27g, 6.3 disc. 3♠ phyl. solal. ♂231g, t. 3. ♂233g, t. 3. ♀29g, ut. inact. ♀22g, t. 3 1 Calomys -> (catalog) 6 July - nr. Juli - 30-200 yds from lake. 1 P. pictus (catalog) Disc. { 4. P. dorwini - ♀ut.sc. 2♂,k,l.c. 221-114 , ♀39ms(2thold ♀29g, 1min. ♀31g, buffy med.ch. ♂28g, t. 3 - buff spot chest 1 AK. boliv. ♀26 gms, ot.s cars. 9 July - 4 m. S SA kimbari. 1 big Phylotis (catalog) (alive) 1 big Oryzomine (catalog) ♠ AK. boliv. - discarded: ♂27/17 gms, t.f ♀15gms, t.inact. ♂14 gms, t. 2 ♂13g, t. 2 11 July- Agwalami 1 Orolestos (cat.) 2 oryz. da brown belly (cat.) (CRK, ESJ) 1 oryz. gray .. (cat.) (CBK) 4 AK. boliv.? 1 (ESK catalog) ♀16g, ut.inactive} disc. ♀15g, ut. inact. ♂18g, t.f

5 specimen Catalog. Dpto. Puno, Peru 13 July | mi. SSW Limbani, 11300 ft. 11500 ft. 83 Akodon? 4410 ♀ no emb. or sc. 182-73-21-16, 26g. Damp area, under boulder near ferns, densely grown slope. 4411 ♂ " Neotomys 208-91-24-20, 42gms. 14 July | mi. SSW Limbani, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 15200 ft. [N side Aricoma Pass & 500' below. 4412 ♂ t.10x6 Phyllotis 280 275-145-28-29, 70gms. 4413 ♀ Akodon jelskii 194-85-23-19 ,35gms. cauti. 13 died 14 1 mi. SSW Limbani, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 11500 ft. Big Akodon? 4414 ♂ t.7x4 220-94-23-15, 32gms. 13 July | mi. SSW Limbani, Dpto. Puno, Peru, 15500 ft. 4415 ♂ t.3 Upucurthia 37gms, mod. fat. 15 July 15 mi. ENE Crucero, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 15500ft. (Abra Aricoma) None 13 mi. ENE Crucero, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 15000 ft. [Lago Aricoma.] no emb. 4416 ♀ or sc. Chinchillo sahamae 272-103-33-35, 143gm. Ft. of rock antler leg road where a few tila lumbra grow. no emb. 4417 ♀ or sc. Chinchillda 252-95-32-34 ,115gm Small dangling tela, Sancia, x Festuco clumps 50' from stream; muck damp site. 3 emb. R horn vt. 4418 ♀ C-R 10 Pynomys 215-74-26-23 ,82gms 5'from clear stream, rushing; alongside boulderly tela, Sancia, Festuca. 16 July/4419 ♀ no emb. Phyllotis daruini 274-145-29-29, 54g. 4419 ♂ t.3 Phyllotis pictus 187-80-26-21 ,37g. 17 July 10 mi. SE Nuiñoa, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 12900 ft. -faint buff spot chest. 4420 ♀ no emb. Phyllotis osila e 197(197-102-24-22 ,25g. discarded ♂ 20g, t.2.; ♂72g, t.2. Foot of rugged rock antlerm at edge from rampa. 17 July 13 mi. ENE Crucero Puno cytotex. 4 sl. 4422 ♀ no emb. Chinchillda sahamae (24 hrs. captivity=2) Captured street trap, July 16. Tame fast. 257-109-34-36, 125gms.

12 July - Agaalani Catch: 3 gray v. Oryz. 5/4 Ak. boliv. 1 f Oryz., sm, alive (escaped) 1 bat-net. 07 17 g, t.-t. disc. + 1 cat. Ak.b. 07 17 g, t. t - disc. f 16 g, imm, f 17g, imm. disc. Oryz. - 207 07, 16 g. - disc. + 1 cat 13 July - rmi. ssu kimabani - catch 2 big (Akodon ?) Shot muscorha - 1 Neotomys ? (rotalog.) f - emb. & horn, 2 P. osilae f 23g, imm.-disc. C-R 50. 0748g. - EJK catalog 1 Ak. boliv. 07 16 g, t.-t-disc. set. - 2 live, 35 snaps - boulders, sources, grass 14 July- 15 200', nr. Aric. Summit - 19oF. min. 3 f P. darwini (1 alive in live trap) 07 imm., released 07 t.3, 29 gms.-disc. 1 Ak. jelskii - f 35 gms. (cat.) 1 P. pictus (escaped) 15 July 26 live tr. summit nr. P. darwini 07 28g, t.3. 11 snaps f 30g., noemb. or sc. Akodon boliv. (EJK catalog) 2 mi. by road S. of summit (= 3 ENE km Crccro) 1 Abrocama chinchillula 1 Phyll. pictus 1 Neotomys 1 Ak. jelskii 1 Punamys (EBK cat) 11 snaps 3 mi. by road, camp by lake Aricana 13 snaps 1 Abroc. cat.) 5 Phyll. darw., or osil. (1 EJK cat.) (others disc.) 1 Ak. jelskii (disc.) f 24g., noemb.

C Kofard 6 Specimen Catalog 1970 18 Jul 3 mi. SE Nuñoa, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 13 400 ft. 4423 ♀ noemb. Calomys 157-70-17-17, 18g. 4424 ♂ st. long wemb. Phyllostis osilae 247-131-25-22, 42g. Disc. ♀ 26g, mature; ♂ 27g, madb.; ♂ 24g, madb Carcass now in lab museum. 4425 ♂ t. 2 Astheneus sl. fat., 22g. sex Flycatcher- 4426 ? Ocatececa? si. fat., 13g. 4427 ♂ t. 2 Xstheurus sl. fat., 22 g. 4428 ♀ ov. < 1 mm. Zonotrichio no fat, 22 gm.s. 210 Jul Hcda. Calacala, 37 mi. NNE Putina, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 13 200 ft. 4429 ♂ t. 3 Phyllostis osilae 216-107-27-22, 38gm. Frugivori 4430 ♀ ov. < 1 mm. si. fat. 23 Jul 4431 ♀ emb., C-R 50; left horn art. Gavia tschedii 253-12-38-2f, 290gm.s. (prob. immatura) Decended 4/180 gm.s.; no emb or sacs; total July 21 41m.; tot. l. 220 mm. 26 Jul 15 mi. E. Arquipo, Dto. Arquipa, Peru. 10 500 ft. 4432 ♂ t. 3 Mus 177-85-10-1f, 18g tail broken short 4433 ♂ t. 10 x 5 Phyllosto 182-76-35-25, 43g. Lagunillas, 5 mi SW Paracas, Dto. Ica, Peru. [Beach] 4451 skull only Marrometes freshly dead on beach 4452 skull only Fulmar? skeleton on beach 4453 skull only Fulmar? " " 2 August 7 Km N. 15 km. E. of Talara, Dpto. Piura, Peru. Finch 4434 ♂ t. 2 mod. fat, 30gm.s. wren 4435 ♂ t. 1 sl. fat, 20gm.s. tyrannid 4436 ♂ t. 1 sl. fat, 10 gm. fly catcher 4437 ♂ t. 1 sl. fat, 20gm.s.

15 July 16 eve; Chinchilla (ESK), 3 Phyllotis darwini \underline{13 ENE Cr.} \rightarrow 26g, t.3 \rightarrow 28g, t.3 \female 54g, \female 26g; 1min. July 16 a.m. - 3 Chinchilla, 1 Phyll - ESK swaps. \underline{13 ENE Crue.} \female 54g; (cab.) 4 Phyl. pictus - cPK (2 live tr, 2 snaps) green area stream \rightarrow 24g, t.3 \rightarrow 27g, t.3 \rightarrow 36g, t.3 \rightarrow 37g; t.3 (cabo log) July 15 - discards, and +1 (see back of p.5) \underline{13 ENE} - P. darwi. \rightarrow 30 gms., t.4 \rightarrow 36 gms., t. f. \rightarrow 30 gms., t.4 \underline{13 ENE} - summit area \female 36g., 5 or + ut. sc. \female 38g, no emb. July 20 - Calacala, Cavia \female 180gm. 207 mm total! disc. no emb. - vt. long. AK. boliv. \rightarrow t.2 , 24 g. Ht & L = 90 mm, disc. July 21. AK. boliv. \female 1mm, 14gms. disc, Phyll osilac 38gms. July 22 - Calacala - disc: AK. Boliv. \female 14 gms min. \rightarrow 15 gms. mini \rightarrow 28 gm, t. 8mm. Cavia \rightarrow 175gms., ts Sra P. July 24 - Chinchilla \female 26gms, Juv. to Sra. P. Cavia \female 70gms., to Sra. P.(Juv) { Phyl osilac}, 1 Phyll pictus, 1 AK. jelskii see next page.

C. Koford 7 Specimen Catalog 1970 2 August Parinas, 7 km N 15 Km E Talara Dpto. Piura Peru 100 ft. Hummer 4438 ? sk. % clear Furnariid sl. fat, 4 yrs. 4439 ov t. 2 no fat, 9 gms. 4440 sk % clear Dendrocolaptid ov t. 1 3 August 3 August 4441 Coerebrid no fat, 23 gms. 4440 ov t. 2 (cul.) sl. fat, 8 gms. Tyrannid 4442 ? ov n. e. no fat, 19 gms. sk. ossif. tyrannid 4443 ov t 3 x 2 no fat, 20 gms. Fondo, 14 km N 13 Km E Talara Dpto. Piura Peru 100 ft. Bat 4444 ? t.small Tonpeas 81-43-5-12 9 gms. Nitted env. under large mesquite on level dusty ground near dry led quebrada. 4 August Hummingbird 4445 ? ov < 1 mm, no fat, 8 gms. 4446 ? ov < 1mm Piczorhinis ? no fat, 36 gms. 4447 ov sthlyal Parrot ? lost. 1 mm no fat, 160 gms. 3 August 10 km ENE Talara Dpt. Piura Peru 400 ft. no emb. (nature of) 4448 ? Phyllotis gerbillus 151-77-19-16 12 g. 4449 ? 2 ct. bulges RH, 3 mm diam., " 150-77-19-17 10g. 4450 ov t. 3 Mus musculus 147-78-18-13 9 g. above 3 new copies (requiste) darker around hummerus of flat descent. ? Puerto Guayabo] 6 August 5 Km N 20 Km E Olmos, Dpt. Lambayeque Peru 1800 ft. 4451 ? t. 2 Piranga rubra sl. fat, 30 gms. 4452 ? Prepared by R. Jones (his catalog) sl. fat, 30 gms. 4451-53 on p.6 of catalog. 4454 on p. 3, bottom 1969 13 September Zaguillas, Paracas Peninsula Peru 4455 Dermochelys skull only -- Zaguillas - 13 Sept 69 4490-95 Porpoise & dermochelys skulls (Collected 1969 & later transported to Berkeley) End

July 24 - discarded: Phyl. osilae ♂ 32g, t.3 ♂ , 33g, t.3 ♂ 29g, t.3 ♂ 27g, t.3 ♀ 23g., inab. uterus ♂ 24g., t.3 R. pictus - ♂ 36g, t.3/ A.K. jelskii ♀ 26g; ut.sc., 2L3R Nothoprocta ornata ♂ t.5 ub. 400 sms. July 25 - 30 mi -> Arq. from Jul. July 26 - E. of Arq., 10,700' 37 live traps = 1 mus., 1 Phyl. ♂ 18gm. ♂ 43g.

Erik J. Koford (Copy by (BK)) 1970 Specimen Catalog - Peru - 24 June Alta Calacala, 40 mi. NNE Putina, Dpto Puno, Peru. 13400 ft. 11 o7 t. 2 Phylotis darwini 205-105-25-20) 32 gms. Base of rock wall near hume grass, 50 yds. above stream. 12 f leg. nips. P. darwini 235-110-25-21, 44gms. Some killed. 25 June 13 f leg. nips. P. darwini 240-120-26-23, 50 gms. 14 o7 t.1. P. darwini 232-125-25-21 15 f no emb. Akodon joskii 170-71-25-16 Rock wall near brush, cliff face. 16 o7 t. 2 A. bolivensis 183-73-21-13 30 gms. 26 June fuminid 17 f ov. < 1 mm. On rock wall and in grass on ground. 11 July 3 mi. NNE Limbani, 9200 ft. [Aqulani] 18 f no emb. Akodon bolivensis 164-76-23-15, 21 gms. Brushy, 20-50 ft ruin, wet, man, ferns, rocky brush. Some killed. 19 o7 t. 4 Crytomys Fly catcher, yellow breast. 20 sex? 12 gms. Trees above river ( ferns, man, wet ). Tanager 12 July 21 f ov. < 1 mm. 38 gms. Tree on marsh, not dense brush, marsh not wet. Tanager Some killed. 22 o7 t.6 30 gms. 13 July 1 mi. SSW Limbani, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 11500 ft. 23 o7 t. 8 x 5. Phylotis osilae 261-140-26-22, 48 gms. Under rock bluffs, very steep slope, ferns and man but not wet. 15 July 13 mi. ENE Crucero Dpto. Puno, Peru. 15000 ft. [Lake Aricando] 24 f no emb, Phylotis darwini 260-137-30-31, 51 gms. sm. nips. (25 ft.) Under rock close to lake, dry.

{ "text": "Jul 24 - discarded.\n\nPhyl. aquar.\npoints to\n\n3700# El... A [illegible] at [illegible], al[illegible] at HA sat+5\n\n2me +E, 05-15-21-26.5 22g. i[illegible] E:3 F:11\n\npathology counts 3.8 x5 mb\n\nmots made step of [illegible] and\n\n3700# El... A [illegible], al[illegible] at HA sat+5\n\n2me +E, 05-15-21-26.5 22g. i[illegible] E:3 F:11\n\npathology counts 3.8 x5 mb\n\nmots made step of [illegible] and\n\nJul 25 - 20 mi = hyp, fin tel.\n\nshown @El & El\n\n13-7-24-25-26.5 20x 4# , 10, 700 i[illegible] 9\n\n37. 60 traps - 1 mkt. .1 fthl.\n\n15-25-21-26.5 210m i[illegible] 8\n\n1:3 F:11\n\n2F25-15-21 [illegible]\n\nA[illegible], al[illegible]\n\ndown & tel\n\nof [illegible], natural new [illegible]\n\n2me 0E 51-15-25-26.1 i[illegible] A r.3 F:11\n\nmots\n\nbored\n\nmal 2,10 & t1\n\ndump on dump in two [illegible]\n\n[illegible] 27 over j[illegible] & [illegible] in E white\n\n2me 5E 31-15-25-4 31 20x ground white down on 4 tel\n\nnatural program, now, two, 3.6 of 2-26 placed\n\n2mets 71-25-26-1-26.5 symon A:3 F:11\n\ntwo and only [illegible]\n\n? yes 26\n\n(temp, now) i[illegible] report\n\nmal 2 no 4\n\nmal 2\n\nlow temp, hard and ten program\n\nmal 2\n\n3700# El... A [illegible], al[illegible] at HA sat+5\n\n2me 0E 51-15-25-26.5 20x. E:3 F:11\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, called small\n\n[illegible] [illegible]\n\n2me 12 25-26-21-26.5 i[illegible] in tel & tel\n\nin camp, 3 to 4\n\n[temp. now]\n\nthe two tall ones and the one, [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

Erik J Kotard (copy by EBK) 2 Specimen Catalog. 15 July 15 mi. ENE Crucero, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 15500 ft. [Anima pass] 25 ? t. 2 x f Akodon 160-49-25-21, 39 gms. 13 mi. ENE Crucero, etc. 26 ? no cmb. Akodon jelskii 170-75-25-17, 32 gms. 27 ? t. 8 x 3 Phyllotis pictus 146.79-25-22 figms 28 ? t. 4 Neotomys ebricosus 140-76-24-16, 42 gms. skull only nd. fat 29 ? no cmb. Chinchillo 250-109-34-36, 120 gms. skull only 30 ? t. 3 " 270-110-34-36, 152 gms. skull only 31 ? t. 3 " 265-106-31-38, 128 gms. 25 July Huaylara, 55 mi ENE Arequipa, Dpto. Puno, Peru. 15500 ft. Herp 32 Liolaemus multiformis s-r 96 mm. [w. N. Johnson coll.] Running on rocks in barren area End EJK

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C.B. Koford 1970 Journal Ecuador Paru

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C. Koford 1 Journal (Berkeley to Peru) 13 June 1970 (with Bob Eise, 14 years old, as assistant) Berkeley to Panama Drove to San Francisco airport and took Panamanian flight 515 to Panama. Stayed in Hotel International near Canal Zone ($12 for 2). En route we flew over upper Baja California and had fine views of its coast and deserts, then over the Gulf and Durango, passing close to Mexico City. On to Guatemala, where we made rough descent through clouds. About 1 hr. at airport, then on to Tuxpan. $2 ea. by limousine to city. 14 June 1970 Sunday Canal Zone, Panama We took 7 a.m. train at Pedroza station (first class, 70¢) for Frijolera. Canal Zone little changed from 1957 appearance. At Friolera we took the waiting launch (Snook) for Barra Colorado. Decided we liked to Van T'gore Big Tree, then to Big Trees near AMA 9. Saw 3rd tree squirrel near start of Barlow Trail. Saw 2 howler w. small infant (1-2 yrs. old?). Saw about 4 yps. of howlers and heard others; they seemed more numerous than in 1957. Some ate green figs & dropped many to ground below. We flushed a King Vulture from a howler carcass on trail near WMW II. Many yellow black- orange palm fruits under palms, & much evidence of eating there (by agoutis? cotuis?). We saw no cotui or tayras, but did see an aguti. We first heard sliding sounds - I thought it might be a manakin dis- playing - then saw it on ground. We also found its trochi agouti in muddy trails. Other trails were small clover leaf - pazana? We saw groups of small tayras w. red rumps; many whistling calls from them. Also large tayra w. yellow breast. On trunk of Van Tyne tree, saw 2 Saceptorys bats, one with an infant - when alarmed, adult moved a few inches & left infant clinging to trunk. We also saw one group of capuchin monkeys & heard their calls. It did not rain dur- ing our stay on BCI. Few people about & little sign of current scientific

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C. Koford 2 Journal 14 June 1970 Canal Zone, Panama work. We talked w/ one boy who was going to study Callinice in Colombia. About 3 p.m. took launch back to Frijole, then train (2nd class, 40$) to Panama. Stayed at hotel. TO Quito, Ecuador 15 June 1970 To airport via taxi ($5) to take C. Ecuadoriana A. flight at 0530 to Quito (turbo prop). Stopped at Cali about 1/2 hr. This site given a tropical flat land, but mountain on skyline. Very clean compared to Panama. Then on to over beautiful Andes. Plane passed over Lago Cuicocha (near Otocachi), which has 2 islands in lake (Fernando Ortiz - C. has been there). Snow-capped peaks visible from Quito (2930m.) - Pichincha just to north (4698m.), Atacazo, Corazon, & Illinizas to S. & W. Currency exchange clerk - wonderful clean air, clear day, clean city. Fernando Ortiz - Cuyo (Univ. Catolica Biologica) met us & installed us at Pension Florida (Calle Santiago), a couple of blocks N. of Parque de Mayo. Then we visited his lab, where he had centrifuges, refrigerta, microscopes, various equipment (he has done chromosome preparation work for Prof O. Bernard at Berkeley). Also there was Francisco Leon, a field assistant, whom I had met on the 1964 Bolopogor trip - Fernando said he was energetic, could put up shins, set traps, etc. Both will accompany us up the zigzag road to near the television tower, where we hope to trap tonight. Bought bait. / at a red-hot palm flower we saw a hummingbird (Lesbia victoriae sp?), which perched and thrust bill up into flowers. Fernando had a few hummers in a greenhouse with plants, too, & some legumes from Cuicocha and a small brocket deer (it shed its antlers about November). There have been riots - student leader killed, press bombed - at the state univ. eristy as many police in that area. / About 2:40 p.m we departed.

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C. Koford 3 Journal 15 June 1970 Quito, Ecuador Fernando and "Bando" León for the hills - first N. on road to radio station then W. through a meunlarization and into a dirt road, paved with rough stones or wheel tracks. This road went up through eucal-lyptus groves, ascending rapidly, to a gravel yard (Mi Cielo), then smoother with gates (where you were supposed to donate 5/20 for road repairs), past 4 separate TV towers, to a large flat turnout on a ridge (good view - mountains and city). This trip was about 12 kms. from foot of rough road, 20-20 from university. Tower 3 and 4 about 3600 and 3700 ft. elev., end of road 3770 (by altimeter). Arrived about 1530, 50 min. from uni... gate was 9 kms. before road end. Upper parts road through like grassland, thick & ungrazed. Bushes along road (Fernando knew many), and a few large native trees. We saw a Sylviogulor, Beitaro, big Turdo Drallaria along road. Fernando said Carolester had been taken too. Top of road on a ridge in ecker, but some small 5- footy cliffs on ridge and higher ones about 1 mile W. We set 41 live traps and 12 snap traps on the steep slope, mostly nearly all by rocks but near bushes and thick grass. Almost no bare ground - shot moss or fernage cover by rocks. As found apparent Sylviogulor droppings in grass long some rods. Bait was a mixture of oats, barley, wheat, + seeds! We departed from top and returned to Quito, where we had coffee w/ Fernando & wife. Supper & lodging at La Florida. 16 June 1970. Borrowed the jeep and departed 0730 for trap area. It had rained last night and continued, gradually lifting. The found 2 orange - bellied brown-black backed catterpies on road (not collected). [Frogs] Road up mountain was bad in upper parts - we had to walk around at some turns. Rain stopped about 9:15 when we were on top. Our 12 snap traps held 2 frogamps?, taken among loose brush and grass near rocks. Two Live traps took only one

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C.Koford 4 Journal 16 June 1970 Near Quito, Ecuador. Cryptotis mex animal, a shrew (4343). We took up all traps and returned down the mountain. (13 km.) & drove back to Lob at Amis, Cotocalla. / About 1:45 we left in jeep with Pancho Lora on the Carretera to Naranjo 22 km. To the Equator Monument, in a comparatively dry area. Then or 4 hrs. to area of boulders in brush near a corn field. On various slopes we set traps, 30 live, 11 snaps, all near rocks in attempt to get Phyllotis loggardi. Although they require dry sites, some bare ground). Then 2 km. S. of monument we turned W. to a dry arroyo where there were many potholed rocks and set 9 live and 1 snap traps there on bare ground near rocks. Vegetation sparse, but yucca stumps and short plants, Tillandsia on some rocks. Moderately used by goats. The first site had many dollar mides in shrubs. Tom Fritz, grad student of Univ. Kansas, accompanied us on the trips (studying Stenocercus & similar lizards). / Ascending 1 town hill the morning we saw black, white, & yellow finches (Lat. Nicolis?) along road banks, and flushed two Notiocephalus. / Returned to Quito. Visited w. Mr & Mrs Fritz, & Sr. & Sra. Ortiz - C. in evening. Then shinned 3 miles. 17 June 1970. Erik & I took jeep & drove to trip-line, arriving about 9 a.m. The thick low traps near boulders and brush, rather moist, held 14 mice - Oryzomys, Reithrodontomye. & 2 of these were in the 11 snap traps - more efficient! We saw sparrows hawks and a falcon (F. femalis?) over bushy hills. The smaller drier tropelines, SE of equator monument, held: Phyllotis loggardi in snap trap, and an Oryzomys. The former looked like short-tailed P. andinus, and habitat similar to dry parts of same (somewhat P. andinus like habitat). We took up all traps and reset them, Live 10 in area of catch of P. loggardi; 2 under boulders nearby, 24 in the next quebrada to N., where boulders of a harder rock and vegetation a little more prominent. We also set

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C. Koford 1970 Journal 17 June 1970 Mr. Quito, Prov. Pichincha, Ecuador. Many traps in this drawer. We returned to Quito, arriving about 1430. Put up mice. Visited Fernando at lab again. Overcast today, no neblina visible. 18 June 1970. Departed Florida 0600, arrived trap site 0700. The 24 live and 11 snap traps held only 2 drysanga (snap traps), but are still looked suitable for Phyllostis. Some Tillandsia on rocks, clumps grass, ferns, pro carton, shrubs, but all about 1 ft. max height, goat-browser. We returned to lab. Put up mice. Processed chironomus in 4 drysanga, w. poor spreads. We gave 20 live + 12 snap traps to Fernando Ortiz, and solicited cooperation of him and his assistant, Pancho León, in getting Phyllostis alive. Ortiz said Dryosanga taken recently on NW side of Mt. Pichincha, by a local collector (Güemes trip). Completed packing for departure. Our boxes: Florida, about 2 blocks E of Versalle, 3 & of Av. América, on Calle Santiago, about 3 blocks W. of Parque de Mayo. 120 sueros ($6) per day, w. fairly good meals. No rain today, but overcast. August said to be driest month. 19 June 1970. To airport to take 0820 plane to Lima. About 3/4 cloudy. Plane (Boeing) late; departed about 0945. Cloudy, so saw only part of Cotopaxi and Chimborazo. More broken cover over Peru; we flew directly over jungles + saw mud slide covering it (photos). Then on over Cordillera Negra and S. over coast side under to Lima. Dense Exchange 43, + sole/dollar. Overcast, dense, thin. Curious customs inspection, drove about 12:15. About 2:30 we went to Banco, storehouse. To reach it, go out Faucett toward Lima until hit Argentina; then must go about 10 blocks toward Colloa to warehouse, on N side. Our coffin box was almost alone in a wire-sided room. Contents damp, moldy, rusty. We got supply of live traps, snap traps, and a few other items. They gave us a box and string. Then we took a taxi to Lima and stayed at Hotel del Sol, roughly 8 blocks S.

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Journal 19 June 1970 Lima, Peru. of Plaza del Mercado y Jr. de los Balces. Cailloma + Ruffini Torres. With both, 200 soles a night - large but minimal room. We met Manuel Poye and wife Isabel in evening. He told us that 3 children, O'Neil, Terlough, & Welsh, were at Neda. Luisiana (Mr. Espinosa) would be soon. 20 June 1970. To airport via taxi ($5 soles) and took Faucett flight to Arequipa, about 1 hour, passing close by Coropuna and other peaks w/ snow. Little snow at top Misti. Arranged to take car at 02:00 for Juliaca (Company Victoria, about 6 hour trip, 207 soles, good cars, co. located in San Juan de Dios, a couple of blocks from main plaza). Took room at Hotel Turistas - $1.40 w/ private bath, all clean + quiet. 21 June 1970. Car came for us at 01:45. Picked up others. Then drove to Juliaca. Coffee at Solitario (2 soles). Key winshield going over summit region, over 13,000'. Nearing Juliaca, we passed 2 fair sized lakes, one w/ many weed islands, apparently next site of giant coat. Juliaca about 08:15. We looked for message at Hotel Banister, on main plaza - none. So left our luggage there and started for Colacala. First took a colectivo toward J. Huamane (15 soles) to Pucara Road. Hiked this road about 2 1/2 miles before a truck came - this took us about 8 mi. to Colacala road. Then walked up this road 11 miles to the Hacienda, where grad student Lynn Carpenter staying w/ Mrs. Emma Salinas (de) de Paredes while studying Ornithochilus hummeringbird. We received fine welcome, as I had worked at Colacala in 1951. Tried from walk and altitude (13200'). Benito Bonalibás and Nicolás

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c. Koford 7 Journal 21 June 1970 Acda Calacala, Dpto. Peru, Peru. 13200' in flocks near house. We saw many flichers, as many as 7 at once, along road while walking. Sra. Peredo said many were in around garden now; Lynn had seen one carrying a flicher. Sra. P. also said many Curiá now where grass is thick. She said some were at ranch. Lynn had seen one near house. Sra. P. said Turanetis occurred in higher parts; about February, sometimes landed in groups, sometimes falling over as if drunk. Lynn thinks Sra. P. is good observer. Apparently the government will soon take nearly all of the ranch (for agrarian reform small farms) and the vecinas (about 1000). Threatened rain today. 22 June 1970. A pair of large Butos in eucalyptus near garden, perhaps nesting. White head, gray body, white tail, w. black band near tip and terminal narrow white band. One (♀?) with grayish breast. Many Curia dropping on grain short vegetation near walls near houses. We all went to Juliaía about 60 mi., to get oranges and do errands. We stocked up on groceries and supplies. Sra. P. has regular room at Hotel B.-fair meals there at 35. Then to Puno - looked at shotguns - $100 for a light Italian single 16 ga. ! The said to be illegal, struck super sold me ammo - 105 solen. for lots of 16 ga., no. 6 shot! Car repair in Juliaía. Then back to Colocola her ranch. Clean all day. Heda Calacala 23 June 1970. Felt clouds - strong sun, mod. wind. One of the Buto's near home carried dangling object (snake or lizard?) in bill while flying. We drove to the Bosque (guinea bushes) ear clear stream), about 1 km. N. of house, & I do see most of her hummingbirds there. Thick grass area included 3/4 size = ⊗ x + 1/2 Alta Calacala 13400'

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Journal. 23 June 1970 Hcdd, Galacala, Dptz, Puno, Peru. means "pelado pelado" - bare place. many Caria runways and droppings; we set out live traps two in a 60' spaced space grid, 5 wide by 8 long, baiting w. whole grain. Many rocky sets up canyon, as well as quinea lurker, their grass, rock walls. We set about 35 snap traps, and 4 small steel traps in various runways! Flocks of golden and black Sparrow, Swallow, cerulean, furnish, flycatcher. Phrygilus finches, hutias boughs, Lynn saw possible Orconome in burser - chihuahua-like feeding, streaked breast, reddish on head, long bill. Five clear streams about 6' wide. | We set up tent among old rock walls near our Caria grid. Worried at night - clean and cold. No night sounds. We had set up 30' bird net near stream, near Ribes and guinea shrubs. 24 June 19 Two of 5 snap traps near hard tent had an Abrothrix boliviensis by 7 p.m. 24 June 1970. 25° F. min last night. High overcast today. Checked 3 steel traps in Caria runs about 0:00; by 0:00 they held 2 Caria. Then, w/ 8 steel traps set, Took another by H - about 11 a.m. No more though afternoon to 17:30, when nearly dark. Other catches included 7 Phyllostis clarini, 1 Bespermyx, 2 Abrothrix boliviensis in live traps on grid, 1 Abrothrix jelskii in live traps on grid. The grid of 40 traps took only 1 A. jelskii, 2 A. boliviensis. Left traps set until 2 p.m. Then took them up. Evidently Caria does not like to enter their traps. Snap trap line took the other mice. Our bird net took 0. | Erik set about 25 snaps, I set 5 snaps, and 6/10 live traps in Bespermyx area, as well as 40 large live traps on lowe[r]grass slope, seeking an area for population census. Erik collected a

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C.Koford 9 Journal 24 June 1970 Alta Calacala, Dpto. Puno, Peru. fernausis (4360 CBK) and put up 2 Phyllotis (his catalog). Llynn C. told us that yesterday afternoon the ranch dogs killed a "gato montez" between here and the "caseros." / Overcast all day. 25 June 1970. Min -30°F. Overcast. The 8 steel traps held 2 Cavia, taken after 1730 yesterday. The 35 live traps set among grass clumps and shot bushes on hillside held 0. Erik took 1 Herpeamphus, a few Akodon boliviensis and P. denmini in his 20+ snap traps. My 10 small live traps took 0. I hiked up canyon about an hour. Slopes covered with crested guenusa seedlings to about 15 ft high. Near streams, moss, ferns, thick grass, and likely Oryzomysshabitat. Later in day I set 31 snap traps in that damper area. Shot a wea and 2 furcatis during the day. Took an Cavia about 11 a.m. 29°F min.temp. 8 0600 24 June 1970. None in 4 Cavia traps 5:30 p.m. yesterday, but one an Akodon boliviensis 0830 in trap 2600, as if long there. Also a P.denmini in steel trap, in thick grass 10' from downslope. My 31 snap traps took 3 Phyllotis, 2 Akodon jelskii, 1 A. boliviensis. Some of discarded mice have probably been P.rasilas, as well as denmini. No catch in did net; moved it to near rock wall busher, near camp where flocks of black and yellow serhinus perch and feed. During day, a flock of 10+ glossy ibises landed in bare earth coral. Took a 9 Cavia with copulation plug between 2:30 and 4 p.m. Breeding in mid-winter! Two have had small embryos, in both Akodon in k. a m P lawn. I Saw 2 A. Abo boliviensis active in mid-afternoon a few feet from base of rock wall. One Akodon jelskii was at base of guenusa tree, near stream; another in hole in red-rock formation. Little overcast today,

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C. Koford 10 Journal 26 June 1970 Alta Calacala, Dpto. Puno, Peru. often hot in sunshine. In late afternoon I set 30 snap traps near rocks and shrubs on a NE-facing slope near camp. The rest is of flat ground partly artificial. As irrigated canal runs out of stream and along hillside, 4 meters flows down slope to flat, looking soggy and barely green-good Cavia area. Clear calm evening. Dark about 6 p.m. Nothing in 8 still traps in Cavia runways by 1930. 27 June 1970. Min. temp. 28°F. 3/10 cloudy today. Cavia traps held 1 Phyllotis xiriaci, 1 Akodon boliviensis, at 0600; no Cavia by 0745, but one (≈300 g.) at 0830. The 30 snap traps held 3 Ak. jelskii, 2 Phyllotis pictus, 2 P. oreas, 2 Akodon boliviensis, 1 Calomys?. also took 2 Ak. lolioides in steel traps. No evidence recent breaking except Cavia. About 1 p.m., shifted 8 still traps to new sites in runways in thick grass, but no catch by 6 p.m. (the 1 P. pictus). Accompanied Lynn Carpenter on hummingbird route—roost or sluff in tops. Dr. Parker brought meat in mid-afternoon and fed them it for me. Only Cavia traps set. Sunday 28 June 1970. The traps took a P. pictus and Akodon boliviensis. We packed up and returned to carneo. There we found that tomorrow was a holiday, so postponed trip to Puno. Set about 8 still traps in garden, and near rock walls for mouse bait. Eika found a freshly dead male Mustela frenata in garden (CBK specimen). 29 June 1970. We hiked up road to 5 or 60 m in afternoon and saw 3 Nephrotoma, at laurel level an apparent Nothing. A few vicunas in upper rocks. 29 June 1970. No mouse catch, but about 7 a.m. I saw one on rock wall near house and shot it w. 22 heavy? specimen.

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C. Koford Journal 29 June 1970. Hda. Galacala, Dpto. Peru. Spent most of day preparing specimens and getting ready to leave. Many Cavia trails and droppings in meadow and near rock walls around Cerros. Buteos tame in garden trees, & presumably nest there. To nr Llave, Dpto. Puno 30 June 1970. Departed 0630 and drove to Juliaca. Then Puno, where visited Univ. Nacional Tecnica del Altiplano. Several biol- ogists there. Julis Bustinga was working on "canotipia" of domoids and was especially helpful. Excellent supply of lab- equipment and chemicals. Borrowed a hand centrifuge. About 1430, departed Puno for Ilave. Final shopping. Then took road toward Mazocuy. Dropped about 27 miles out, by an old bridge (their Izalca droppings alongside the rock walls). Cold night. This in ichne grassland near Rio Huergue. 1 July 1970. 20° F. Last night. Drove on S. Beautiful rocks formation. Few fences, people, houses. Clear water in river. Some food necessary. Many llamas and alpacas, at Mazocuy (2 hrs beyond), took road to Santa Rosa. A good road in construction by military, up valley with small ice- crustled clean stream to edge of large pampa, about 11 miles beyond Santa Rosa. Saw a group of 4 wild pecunius her. Many alpacas on the pampa. We drove on about 2 miles to rocky rocky hills (a small cemetery too), where Ctenomys opossum abundant in loose sandy ground and vesicariae in rocks. Campsite here, about 2 miles short of closest approach to Lake Loricato. On near shore of lake, several groups of 10-20 flamingos, as well as Peruvian and Crested Ducks, and geese. Near camp put 8 steel trap (no. 0) in fresh lunnare

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C. Koford 12 Journal 1 July 1970 Lake Corisata, Ooto. Prov. Peru. for toos - toos [caught one by 5 p.m., 2 more by dark]. On hillslope we set about 40 live traps and 35 may haps among red boulders, tola, cactus, festuca clumps - some yucca, pyrophyllum, some sandy ground. Old mouse tracks common. But cotton as well as bait in live traps. We shot 2 viscacha in rocks & saw many others, and many toobs. Sunset about 1730. Cold evening. 2 July 1970. Min. Temp. 9° F. Sunrise 0615. Saw a Stumps half out of burrow, digging, at 0745. Also an Ak. Phyllostetii sitting ludovici standing up by his burrow near toos burrows on flat sandy ground. Took 2 more Stumps by 0930, with most traps taken in. Our live traps held 0 - snaps (toxicine?) took 2 P. danvisi, 1 A. jelskii, 1 Ak. ludovician. Again, live traps seem unproductive in cold. / Cold - milk frozen in tent, & coffee, water, eggs. Toos survived, wrapped in lunlop sacks (but maisy struggle in wire cages all night). Overcast day. We left traps out until midday, but no mice. Departed and drove back to Santo Rosa, Morocuy, and 5 mi. N. where we camped near rough red boulders and cliffs. Set about 20 snap traps near rocks, on mod. slopes w. scattered tola, bunchgrass. 3 July 1970. Cold night; min. 12° F. Traps took: Akodon bolipreli: (spec) and 6 P. danvisi (disarded). [Drove w N., intending to cut over to Juli, thence 5. to mrs. Nuvarollari, but missed cutoff. So went via llave, then Juli. Thence, instead of direct to N., skirted shoreline to Pometa. Some shore small boulders, other muddy. Huge snowy rats w. E. (Pellimani ?). Cattle and sheep working in a red-filled lobe, feeding on water plants. We saw a gallinule w. bright red frontal shield. Numbers

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C. Koford 13 Journal 3 July 1970 Heda Pichipichuni, Depto. Puno, Peru. of flamingos shortly before Puno. Many rock walls + rough huts, to lake shore and up rocky hills, including between vertical rock state. Big army buildings in Puno, and 2 sheds over road at control stations ( but only asked where from and to ). Then on rough dirt road over hills (15 mile out) to level dry grass pampas and to Huacullani. From there, cut back on Juli road 6 km. to Heda. Pichipichuni, where mayordomo Pedro Castillo remembered Pearson's "gondola" and showed us spot, a mile distant, where Pearson camped and found two- two ( "tucaro" bee). We went to site and found the two-two dumours immediately, in short moss - like sink loading area of clumps thick grass, about 100' from river, 100' from a stone coral. A main group of about 45 dumours, w. gray pebbly soil forming mounds or same. 25 yds. W. of them, a group of about 6 dumours. At bunchgrass edge, a few Oturamps dumours which graded into Isola dumours on slightly higher hardin ground, nearen the river. Abundant Isola droppings, and some burrows had been dug out by man. | We set about 35 snap traps near rock walls + outcrop, and on slope in bunchgrass. Camped nearby. 4 July 1970. Cold night, 48° F. Traps held: Calomys, 5 shrder delivieraei, 4 Phylletis dammini, 4 Phylletis subliminae. Last eve I took a live Calomys ? by hand in bunchgrass. Destroyed all but 2 ( list on back of catalog sheet). Warm day, mod. wind, to ½ cloudy. We set 6 stul traps in two dumours by 9 a.m. At least 2 hole showed fresh soil at 5 p. m. yesterday, but no fresh work by 9 a.m. or 12 m., + no catch. We worked on previous specimens: About 3 p.m., two traps found in Oturamps diggings; nest, + about 4 p.m. had one Oturamy. A passing man told me that men workings to N, so I walked 1 km.

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C. Koford 14 Journal 354 1970 12 mi. N. of Mazacruz, Depto. Puno, Peru. Insert, on p. 12. We drove down to Pampa Quillacoto to look for Otomys peruvianus, which Pearson had seen reported there. Picked up boy who knew the animal as "torotoco," described its color, tail, and call. He offered to show us where. We ended up with his mother too, in legs typical derby + Indian dress. The colony they showed us was a Guinea city, with guinea pigs bounding this way and that, in and out of holes - abundant, on slight rise on heavily overgrazed ground near houses. But we found no Otomys burrows. Brother of boy said the 2 animals in same colony, the lower down, but we did not return to check. Tuesday Returning from Quillacoto back to main road, we found a mud wall about 3 feet high. At this site dozens of Guinea bounded about as before, another guinea pig "city." cont. 4 July 1970. Hcda. Pichipichuni, Depto. Puno, Peru. along road to Juli and saw 100' burrows in area crossing road. Also dubbling saw Otomys heads out of burrows and heard babb calls. We took our 8 still traps and went in new area. I saw one Guinea go in hole within 6' of Otomys diggings at old site. At new site, a Guinea "town" at one edge of Otomyp area. I set 20 live traps, mostly in among grass clumps or in bank trails near station. sunny Calm cool clear evening. 3 Otomys from Lareseta still in snuggles. 5 July 1970. Hcda. Pichipichuni, Depto. Puno, Peru. No catch in traps. We took another Otomys in early morning. We de- parted and drove toward slave. About 10 miles down the road we [Kodachr. #] saw many Guinea in area short green trailing plant (not gram) and shot 3. And look large tusks. We also saw occasional Otomys, colonies. Eventually road climbed out of valley - very bad slow road - to about 13,800', then descended and improved.

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C.Koford 15 Journal 5 July 1970. Nr. Juli, Pata Puna, Peru. about 9 1/2 mi. before reaching llave - Juli road (2 km. N. of Juli), we saw hundreds of Andeays wandering, some on 5% slope as well as on flats. 1/2 mile further on, a small lake to E of road. Then on down road to Juli. Drove about 2 miles beyond, then turned off on side road down to lake edge to trap anday borders, brush, and rock walls. We set 25 live traps + 25 snap traps, hoping to Andeays alive. Some Indians came & asked usual questions, but none after 7 p.m. + no dogs. 6 July 1970. Our catch included: P. pictus, + Phyllotric saurus?, + Chloa rufinervis; saw fruit only. Now breeding. We departed and drove to Puno. A few miles from Juli we passed area of red rock formations w. strata nearly vertical; perhaps good for hummingbird caves. Then to Juliaica. Shopped, & drove to Heda, Colocla. Heda, Calacala to Heda, Checayani 7 July 1970. Prepared for Limibani trip. Departed about 1 p.m. (w. Erik K. & Lynne C.) and drove to Pucina, Mangani, and Heda, Checayani. There met the waydons, Ramiery, who knew K.C. from before & was very hospitable. I set 25 live traps near rock walls & outcrops, brush, + grass. Lynne & Erik searched for caves in deals for hummingbirds and took one ?. Calm clear night, warmer than usual. Ramiery said two kinds of canyos live, one in open ground, the other in thick grass near water. Also got monty, fox, shunk, miscocha, rare puna, and usual altiplano mammals. 8 July 1970. About 20°F, light frost in morning. My live traps held 0." Lynne C. got one Onostochilus in rock cave last night. We had breakfast w. Ramiery (waydons) and departed 0800 for Ayapaza.

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C. Koford 16 Journal 9 July 1970 To Limbani valley, Dept. Per. Pere. Three to Quillo and on to Cuero, arriving during lunch hour. Then on about 20 miles to Arigua summit (15700'). Apostoliba is a rock formation and various small lakes there. Food in good repair; no traffic. Saw no vivivera in Cuero region. About 2 miles down from summit was point where I tunneled in order to my 1951 camp. Foggy in this area and on down to where we camped in canyon, at 13100 ft. I set 20 live traps & 15 snap traps under boulders & rocks near grass, shrubs, often on more away [illegible] forms - may get Oryzomyne or Phyllotis schesneri. This region little changed since 1951; a few new inhabitants at higher levels. Arigua area brown, the green near water & Distichlis potatorum. Near camp, I set about 15 snap traps. LC found flowers that are not in flower beds on. Saw many meadowlarks along rocky hills below road in descending. Have one Clethrionys peromyscus alive still; 2 opening left at Colorado. Hail as we started up to Arigua, precipitate on both side ridge. 9 July 1970 4 mi SSW Limbani Dept. Per. Pere. (3000' 28 live traps took 1 Oryzomyne [illegible]; [illegible] 15 snaps took 2 alb. Bolivianis + a large +1 Calomys (catalog) oryzomyne (catalog); Celi's 320 snaps took 3 alb. Bolivianis. Clear calm morning. E.T.K. set and Apostoliba (L.C. et al.). This area of boulders, rock walls, grass, brush, damp - some moss, ferns. A few flowering shrubs. Car stuck in hole, so some delay. Drove to Limbani. Then offer good road, slightly climbing, to E. about 4 miles, where a village in steep grasslands w. old tires on. Returned to just below Limbani & drove down rough road for about 4 1/2 miles to Aguacalica & camped by stream. This about 1 1/2 hr. walk from tunnel at end of road (Chamocera) where [illegible] united lots; set no traps. I collected Apostoliba in 1951. Was set about 30 live traps and

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c. Xoford 17 Journal 9 July 1970 To 3 mi. NNE Limbani, 9200 ft. Peru. 42 snap traps, mostly near mossy & ferny boulder mountain. This area almost solid brush - trailing bamboo, pithy reed grawth - no really solid wood. Temps Banig + dreizgly. Much horse, mule, & Indian traffic along road. 10 July 1970. Visited the tunnel. L.C. collected butterfly & crecets. Sunshine morning; foggy + dreizzly later. Set about 30 live traps & 40 snap traps, mostly in damp area near stream where moss, ferns, brush. Kenya- type slide or Phyllates coll. yesterday. 11 July 1970. About 35' mist at night. Sunny morning. Traps held (Orcheter) (snap), 3 snuggings of 2 spp., 4 skaden. Put up some. Erik shot a few birds for specimen. Dreizzly after- noon & night. Set about 35 live traps, 40 snap traps, many in mofentially wet + mossy places. 12 July 1970. Partly overcast morning; foggy afternoon. Traps held 5 skaden, 4 snuggage; net took last (catalog) even solo; streambed, & later a hummingbird. Erik shot a few birds including red blue tanagers (one of w. 6 mm. Tethi). Put up specimen. L.C. took walk down canyon to 8000', & back. The tunnel was about 8700 ft. We packed & drove up to Limbani, then up to 11500' and camped by road. L.C. shot a Diglasse, Gallavis, & Calidie in short order. .22 shot elk. We set about 15 snap traps, 30 live traps. Mostly near rock walls, boulders, brush, ferns. Damp area w. cultivated patches, cattle grazing; much Indian traffic. We put up one /8 bat & bird net. Dreizzly afternoon again No aura a capimugside heard evening.

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C Koford Journal 13 July 1970 Nr. Aricana Summit, Dato, Peru, Per. Traps held 2 big (Alcedor?) w pointed noses (CBK set), 1 Nestonye (CBK set), 2 Phylletis ardea? (one FJK set), 1 Al. delii. Drive up canyon, stopping periodically to photo and observe habitat. Last permanent-looking habitations many mice in rocks along road about 1400f. about 13400ft. Stopped near my 1951 Aricana campsite. All site now has large compound Indian hut (where roofless before). A caravan came bringing water over 1 mile down a saddle. No visitors or signs yet; on the whole, not greatly changed. Apparently more heavily grazed. I hiked up canyon about 1/4 hour, looking for old Peronys tropiste. In area where I thought it was (flat, damp, large boulders) the ferns and other shrubs grazed to my eye. Whole overall aspect at this season brown. Returned down canyon. We drove up road to about 15200', where road makes a shake near a lake 1/4 mile across, & camped. N-aspect slope has bouldering feature, scattered brush, Pygospolythrum, rock chelon. I set 2 live & 35 snap traps hurriedly in bush. Clear night, cold. (1.2 mi. by road to summit). 14 July 1970. 19°F. min. last night. Traps held 3 Phylletis lavini, (1 set), 1 Alcedon jelschii (set), & 1 P. petita (escaped). Habitat looked good & further trapping away here produced Chinchillula & Peronys. But drove to summit to look for higher tropiste and set about 25 live & 11 snap traps there, in rocks near shrubs & thick grass. Camped 3 mi. by road 5 of summit, near shore of L. Aricana. Crib set traps in dry rocky area; I set 5 near foot rock outcrop by road. 1 mile NE of camp near cold clear stream coming down from glacier. I set 11 snap traps near shrubs, rocks, features & stream. Windy until dark; then calm clear. 15 July 1970. 19°F. min. temp. Clear morning, much ice by streams & P. dawwills, drips. (using my 3 traps by camp held Chinchillula (escapes)). Exhale about 2/3 Phylletis denini + 1 to Alcedon jelschii near canyon. 1 mile up = 13 mi. ENE Cruzero (7 traps) snap

C. Koford. 19 Journal 15 July 1970 To Lake Aricai, Depto. Puno, Peru. The road, my 11 swops held: 1p. pectin; 1 Nestump; 1 Abrothokelkii; Chinchillula, 1 Lemurups. Site of tent was beside icy shaded stream under boulders in thick Festuca, Amicis, tola (photod). This was first time I had trapped N of the Aricona summit (I don't recall Chinchillula at 9 mi. 55W Lindon's site in 1951). Because of good results, I set about 40 live traps (+ 4 swops) in the area 1 mile S. of camp, putting about 5 traps within 10' of where I took Lemurups. Carefully selected trap sites. Used folding aluminum Sherman traps w. mixture grains as bait. Erik set about 20 swop traps in dry rocky area near lake. I put 6 live traps along outcrop where I got a Chinchillula prem last night. About 8 pm, Erik showed me an area where cactus had been eaten, apparently by Chinchillula judged by large black droppings. At mouths some burraurus near rocks and shrubs, many droppings; ground covered at mouth an burmur. Tops some woolly cactus fruits cut off seeds exposed. Part of fuzz from cactus dragged into holes. We put 5 live traps in that area and 4 steel traps, in addition to the 10' swops already there (we held a dead Chinchillula). Calm clear night. 16 July 1970. The traps in Chinchillula area held 3, one alive (also in C/5K catch). My live traps 1 mile up rock took only 3 p. pectin (while in swop trap), in spite of expectations. About 19'F. last night. 10th Often saw a pair of Chloephaga geese on shore of Lake Aricona or near it. Allogis in groups of 4 to 20. Duder near L. Aricona - no water plants at surface, no roots; rather a dead lake. We departed & drove to Andono, about 20 mi. from Aricona summit. Supped & gas. Then on to Areillo. Took road to Piensa, when hoped to reach w. Univ. Perus anthropologists. Road turned out to be

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Journal 16 July 1970. Nr. Neños, Dpto. Puno, Peru. poor, w. frequent fakes & no signs. Camped on pampas about 10 mi. SE of Neños; I set 10 snap traps in 12,400 ft. dark, near foot rocky hill. 17 July 1970. Traps held 3 Phyllotus (colored ?). Thermometer indicated 9° F. min., in spite low altitude. We drove on toward Neños. About 5 miles shot of it we passed fine lake with extensive growth sweet reeds, many water plants, many coots, ducks, herons. Here, too, started a quena forest which extended over various hills; many lizards. We went on to Neños; the anthropologists were off en route to Cayez but expected back in evening. So we drove back 3 miles to the quena forest and camped near rocky hill. LC went off to look for Oreotrochilus roosting cave, she returned in eve with 2 Oreoemas which she observed (and heard) pulling shreds of red bark from the quena tree (see her notes). Erle & I set about 30 snap traps, 7 stud traps, 4 live traps, mostly near rocks, brush, & thick grass. We saw wis cochas in area. Comfortable living. [illegible] Head wounds; the Erle's Oreoema captured in afternoon. 18 July 1970. About 19° F. min., 13,400 ft. Traps held only 1 Colaptes & a few Phyllotus' sides. Shot a few birds & saw Oreoemas. It had looping flight, swallow- lite, and sometimes perched in top branches quena trees. I saw me several tenias in rather open woods. a few perfects in area; others seen in roadside grasslands. We found no hummingbirds. I flushed a brownish caprimulgus; wing less thorough too, rather

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C.Koford 21 Journal 17 July 1970 Mr. Neñoa Dept. Pong Pero. than white. / Again to Neñoa; the anthropologists had not returned. At their headquarters house, a man told us it was 3 hours to Morocorie, another 1/2 to Obaca. One anthropologist had told LC that this was late in a race at summit of Cruero to Moccusine road. / We drove via Santa Rosa and Orangero to Heda Obayani, where LC made further inquiries about hummingbirds above Cañero; many Ruya peruviana slope, but none in bloom. Heda also included a large lake w. coots & ducks (some coots on weed isletty appear north- we saw 2 young coots near Neñoa). Then on to cliffs near reef horcida, where LC searched in loft for Oreotrochilus and found one, which she kept (now her 2 in captivity). We drove on in dark to Calacalo and camp- ed nearby. 18 July 1970. Frosty night. Sunday. To Lucio where we ate, rested, cleaned up. I searched for grassland over suitable for mouse live-trapping grid. Set 10 live traps in one pasture, 5 in another. Saw 2 tinamoues and about 10 snipes. Put 5 steel traps near rodewalls for Galea. 20 July 1970. Continued search for live-trapping sites. Fin- ally set 46 live traps in grid, + 8 mangiferaeant snare in one pasture, 15 live traps in another. About (180m?) Cueva 11 a.m., took a jav. Galea near rodewall; no other by 5 p.m. Set trap in a storehouse for a weasel, which previously left a mound of bird feathers there. A few days ago, a man working on house roof saw a weasel come out of chimney.

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CKford 22 Journal 20 July 1970 Hda-Glady Ridge area: Dzn of dznz in trees + on ground near casario, and florile of Gentrichia capensis. 21 July 1970. The trap grid took only 2 minn; Alcesta bellicemen; marked 1, released both. The traps in other parts (tall grass; open short veg between) took 0. No luck in snows either. Took up all but the grid of 25. Pest 6 stud traps for Lake Cania, where mark again, many trails & droppings, and saw two. Repaired lenses & equipment. 22 July 1970. A foot of Cania in steel traps (after 5 pm yesterday). Grid of 25 live traps held 2 minn. Alcesta, as before. No catch in snows. Ira P had told us of a sit lake on higher part of ranch. Psichlocoxa Psichillocoxa (?) and sent a man to guide me there. It was 2 1/2 hrs mostly not steep but tiring at altitude. Eventually, we got to crops at head of vicente pastures, then about 1 mile NW across open short grazed grassland. Lake about 200 x 50 yds, surrounded by tall grass and about 3 acres of Dantobai. Nearby, cliffs about 100 ft. high, w overhanging ice at base, some boulder slides in snow, about 50 minocera in snow areas about 4 acres. A few areas of fernsies but too rare. No trees. Several flits are actively flying near cliffs and edding; very fast very rapid, as if in display. Two crested ddders on lake, 4 ferworts and other small birds Not too attract-ing a collecting spot. No indications Chinchillidae or other large sites. I returned down in early afternoon. A rocky hill about a mile NW of casario had brush, mogrey, and red flowering grass on N side (away from valley road), and may be good trap area (just outside of vicente pasture). I spent 5 hours walking from larks I saw only one timaonous; then I entered vicente pasture and walked along a small gravel. within 1/2 hr, I saw 4 Nothepista and logged (515gms, g - ov < 1 mm.) - (no specimen cataloged) one. All singles, except a second flor from vicinity when I shot one. At this time they probably need water. In general, many fewer than in (95),; largely because of less tall grass (now grazing). No catches station 50m.

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C. Koford 23 Journal 23 July 1970. H de Calacala, Obo. Peru, The 25 live traps held 3 Aloa [illegible], all dead. Took up traps. The 6 live traps held 0 at 06 30, but 2 Cavia about 10 a.m. or 175 grms, I gave to Dave. Paradox, alive. 9, 290 grms, died shortly after put compared in live trap (why? - had only fracture of front leg). Calm sunny dry day. reset 2 still traps for Cavia + took up rest. | We walked about 2 mi. NNE to rocky hill where we set 33 snap traps, 10 live traps, 4 still traps near boulder among open shrubs. Flushed 3 Notbo- pratos or way, in vicinia partium. Vicinia seem to be in natural variants - some obviously hybrids. 24 July 1970. Took up traps. Caught 6 P. oriclos, 1 Alb. yelshii, 1 P. pictus, 1 Chinchillidae jun. Bird shot a Notbopratos (480 grm. or t.5) on my back. Fiesta de Calacala continued, increasing, with "music" and dancing and beer. L.C. had been off to Chocoyani; returned w. 4 new live Oreotrochilus. Carl & I packed and departed (w. various gifts from Dona P.) for Juliaca. Supplied them then drove on about 30 miles [illegible] towards Arequipa and camped. No traps set. 25 July 1970. Cold night. We drove on, about 42 mi. from Juliaca, large Lago Lala, Lagunillas, w. hundreds of cots + some wooded islets. About 50 miles out, smaller lake, w. perhaps 20 nesting islets of cots. Fine clear day. We drove on to summit, about 150 km. from Juliaca, where I walked in vicinia in 1952. Found rare, although isolated little changed. A few max shrub huts; perhaps more slips than ligoa - rather dry & better dry stock. We looked for Tucumanii and found numerous fresh tracks (about 1 mile N of the pass, 13,300 by our altimeter). Also tracks of fox + skunk. Rather room-like landscape w. rock formations, yanata, Cyperophyllon and much soft bone ground. A few varroa seen. Then on to

c Kofad 24 Journal 25 July 1970 Nr. Arequipa, Peru. Solitario and on - very dry. Lagunero Delino nearly dry - white salt bed; 14'00 ft. Descended then, looking for Phyllotis magister trapping site about 30 mi. before Arequipa, took ride road to ll. into Lomaya better when much drier, rode, rock walls, dry creek. Set 37 burritos there, within good view of El Misti. Cool evening. 26 July (1970) TO Coast Sunday. Well above freezing in morning. Traps did only a few and a Phyllotis darwini (catagized). But mouse trap taken seen in dust; the aluminum live traps again did poorly. We very - arrived gear, then went to Arequipa, slept off. Then on down to coast through rocky, sand, and vegetation (when any) to Camana, and on about 39 miles toward Chala. Camped after dark at edge ocean. Above Arequipa, now about 9000 ft., saw 2 (a +) condors near a few turkey vultures. Saw one caracara about 1'200', to E. of Arequipa. Altimeter registered 8800 ft. at Arequipa, + 400' at sea level! 27 July 1970. To dr. Nazca, Peru. Drove on north to Chala. Saw no condors along the way (in contrast to 1951 spring). Then on to Nazca, where visited w. Bill Franklin. He is due to leave Peru (and resume study) next March. We camped about 20 miles toward sea. 28 July 1970. Much rocky desert, but sand hills several hundred feet high to W. of sea. Much cotton grown here. Then on to Palpa (many rangers for sale) and turned off at km. 250 to Pisco and Lagunillas. There we looked around and found dead Mauremys (scared shell), dog, porpoise shells, 2 fish (a few months old) and several older shells of Dermochelys turtle. Usual Tropidurus(?) running among rocks and just on beach. Old sea lion car cassus w., hide fairly intact but skull broken. Saw 2 condors low over beach area. But stuck in sand; stayed overnight.

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c. Koford 25 Journal 29 July 1970. To Lima, Peru. Finally truck pulled us out of sand. We drove as south to Lima. Camped at airport in car. 30 July 1970. Ned Johnson arrived w/ Bob Brown and Carlos Martinez on early flight (0610) & cleared customs w/o difficulty. We stopped in Mielflor, then spent eve w/ Manuel Plenge (4 wife) and Maria Krepela at Plenge house (654 Pata, Mielflor). Drove thru countryside two hours road about Churay (lim. 8:0), then off 10 1/2 hrs. & camped east side of Loran Loday, as in 1967, '69. To nr Moyupe 1 August 1970. We drove north. Supper at Trujillo. Camped just S. of Merupe, near Lanalogque border, among sand hummocks. We set about 20 snap traps near shade. 2 August 1970. Trap held 1 Mus (dead), as in 1967. Drove on to Chicalya, where stopped. Then on north past Pima and TO Quebrada Pozuzas, nr. Talaro, opt. Piura fullano to Talara. Thence inland on "Piera Paima" road about 7 miles and camped within 1/2 mi. of scenic groves. Listened for owls & caprimulgids but heard none. Markingbird conspicuous; small red woodpecker common (Vanillae?), green woodpecker (Pi- ulus) present, & woodbrowsers, flycatchers, big finches, others. 3 August 1970. Saw lute among trees at dusk & dawn. W. collect ed and put up bird near camp. Primarily treegates from about 20' high bordering streamwork (dry). Generally dusty & dry. Herds of goats came through camp at times, and people on muletas came for water at well. 2 nets took 2 birds but no lute. Cile shot fox in death; we saw several mice; many rodents. I set 20 live traps near tree roots and around bushes on a slope; bankana craygramps here. Ned & I walked woods hunting for owls but found none.

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Journal 3 August 1970 NE of Toloca, Dpt. Puna, Peru No catch in traps as in 1 bot net. Again hunted lizards. In afternoon we broke camp + drove further E up Q. Parinas, but road petered out in wash before reaching Monte Grande. To returned to highway, drove north 3? mile, + took Olivaray road to [illegible] (about 7 miles, two turns off to N. into quebrada/hondo). Found site of 1967 camp, a mile below (wof) road into quebrada, a camped under 20-30 ft. mesquite tree. This quebrada is narrower than Parinas, perhaps somewhat drier and was open, but w/ some copal lumber. We saw a flock of parrots. I put up 2 nets + took a Tomapeca bot in evening. Again we had no owls or caprimulgids at night. 4 August 1970. No other catch in nets, except 1 finch (catelog). We again hunted lizards. In afternoon Erik and I took car back to Parinas road, about 1 1/2 mi. E. of paved highway, and set 10 live and 30 snap traps under copas and mesquite lumber on sand hummocks in a desert zone. Between sand hills, ground covered w/ fine broken shells (in form of very coarse sand). Wind prevented good trap setting, + wind petered out 8 p.m. Left traps + returned to Toloca camp. 5 August 1970. Again no catch in nets, the bats seen (one net ripped and apparent Demodex dropping below). Many foxes seen in eve- inging and far. [Went to trap line which held 2 Phyllotis geoffreri and 1 Mus (all in catelog)]. Mus taken under 4' copal brush about 90 yds. from copas + mesquite brush when P.g. taken. Other P.g. was under copal brush (mesquite-like legs). This is first record of Mus + P.g. in same trapline, first month of a 1967 site a few mi. NW of Puna. Good range extension,

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S Koford 27 Journal 5 August 1970. Fork no Talara, Dpt. Pira, Peru. No note in bird notes analyzing third Returned to camp. Set out additional birds but not under magnifier. Wabson can repair. Departed in afternoon for Talara, where we stopped. Then drove on to Piura (dinner). Then on road 6 to Olmos, and 10 ½ mi. toward Porella. Pass to the red bridge. Camped then at ranbriti (same site as one 1969 camp) in near small mowing stream among bella w. species deciduous woodland, now leafless but w. many bromeliads. to E. of Olmos 6 August 1970. Collected 2 summer tanagers and a black white tanager (one in colony; 2 given to B. Jones). Set up camp, Erik & I prepared to depart. Red drove us to Chiclayo, where we took a boggero bus at 9 p.m. for Lina (700 soles). 7 August 1970. Arrived Lima 0830 - foggy & drizzly. We went to Hotel del Sol, then Francisco, me, Teatro Municipal. Then visited Plunge in Miraflores to get stored specimens. 8 August 1970. Repached to depart in evening day plane for San Francisco. Departed 2240 p.m. on Braniff fl. 920. 9 August 1970. Arrived Los Angeles before dawn and went through customs. Some conversation about letting specimens in, but no delay. On to San Francisco, where took bus to Oakland. Drove to Berkeley. End of trip

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