Alaska Species Accounts, Part. 1, v4424

DeBenedictis, Paul A.

Unknown

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

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P. De Benedictis 1965-1966 Alaska Species Accounts - Part 1 Birds: Gaviidae - Scolopacidae

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P. De Benedictis 1965 - 1966 Alaska Species Accounts - Part 1 Birds: Gaviidae - Scolopacidae

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P. DeBeneditte 1965 Gavia stellata 13June Barrow, Alaska - seen flying over its Barrel area W of AKL, bobbling around oil flow. 28June A loon was heard flying over the VOTH Creek area and appeared to be a Yellow bill; a loon shortly after circled the area, making the same call, the usual cackle, and landed on VOTH Creek; it proved to be this species. 29June A wild sounding call from the Meadow Lakes area was attributed to this species by Dr. P. Kelha. 7 July Two lone birds seen in flight over Family hayorn 11July At least 3 seen in the Ikoavik region, including a pair in a small lake but no nest could be found. They were silent and fairly shy. 12 July This appeared to be the common loon out on the creek and 4 or 5 were seen diving at rather close distance from shore. They stayed out in fairly open patches of water. 15July One yelling from the Meadow Lake area in the evening. 16July one flying to east (smith) with 3 Yellow Bills over Elson hayorn. 24July One seen flying north over Voth creek, call a low, now ---- repeatedly. When I got to Family hayorn it circled and changed to the rough call and landed; a 2nd bird on the log saw began cackling when the 1st changed to the rough call. 25July Several seen in the area south of Ikoavik, including two on a relatively small pool, where no nest found. They were less common than Arctics (by about 2:1).

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Gravia stellata 29 July Barrao, Alaska - two along Elson Lagoon and a pair in a small, fresh water tray (iii + iv). The little kids were feeding in the open water toward the center of the pool, diving, and flew off when I approached. Considerable noise of this species heard from this area about 10.30 p.m.

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Gravia stellata 8 June Meade River Coal Mine, 15025'M, 70029'N, Ault a f? in the pool of the Meade River 8 of 4ly ice dam in the afternoon. One bird approached with calling a dog-like, loud "Kyow" 9 June Two in the Meade river pools between ice fames. One flying in cleaked into a Pannigan Two over, one in the meade R. S of the ice dam. see G. arctica. 10 June More #s than arctica on the waters and flying ove. All loons definitely identified to species "clacking" have been this species. After the river went out, I built in breeding plumage found in South creek where ice free. 11 June Seen flying ove, many flying over. Calls on water "Kyow" and "Keeypower", the latter very wolf-like. When surprised birds on the water, they submerged with a sharp "Kyp" like a scared dog. Still only this species seem to cackle. 12 June One flying over in the evening and calling from ?, South creek. begins with a "Kyoww" then goes to a strong cooing call, "Kouououououou". Prob. some of the other loons were this pair. 16-17 June Siding from the far side of the Meade. Occasionally seen flying over. 18-19 June Occasionally flying ove or calling from the lakes. 23 June One or two pairs on lake Agassiz, cackling in flight as they go ove. and the two's closely associated.

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P. De Benedetti 1965 Cavia stellata 25 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157025'W, 70029'N, Alaska Ray caught a beautifully plumaged bird in his fish net in the Meade River during the day. Its eyes were deep reddish brown (mahogany) and the bill black, the culmen pale-yellow brown. The legs and feet are black externally and internally on the joint, and the internal surface is blue white, becoming pale blue centrally. It is a lovely cullis, frozen to be prepared later. To 3 July. Red throats seen frequently in and along the River, but less commonly on the lake inland, Lake Agassiz and the area across from the North shore, being exceptions. Little calling now, and the birds are very commonly seen in pairs. Total #s in the area probably about = Arctic, (but they are seldom as concentrated as the Arctics were in late June. 8 July A couple on Lake Agassiz and two figures. 11 July Two on Lake Agassiz. They soon left the area

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P.DeBenedictis 1965 Gravia artica 12 June Barrow, Alaska - one seen flying west over the Family hoggon. Didn't find by the black backet throat, white underparts, no distinct markings seen. 13 June a black thrashed bird that looked black above seen flying over the basin area in the afternoon, couldn't see the back to check the white patches but didn't believe it to have been this species rather than Red-ths. 18 June One seen flying NW over Family hoggon. 23 June One flying E over the Micronet marsh much lower than they other seen. 24 June One flying N along Elson Lagoon about 2 PM. 26 June One which gave a lowcel, Corpiam-Teris - like "squarrrk" was seen flying N over the hab and and a silent bird was seen flying over the Ooth area. 1 July 30 July One seen flying silently over Micronet Marsh. 2 July A pair and a lone bird seen flying over Central Marsh going WE. The pair was silent but the lone bird was giving, a muffled version of the "cockle call"? 8 July 3 seen flying silently together N over Central Marsh. 5 July one flying S along Family hoggon in the evening. 6 July 3 seen flying N silently over the edge of Elson Lagoon 7 July 3 seen fly N + 2 flying S over the VOTH area. 11 July about 8 seen in the IKROAVIK region, including several birds on the water and one nest with two eggs was found. The nest was built off dead grass and was made like in form. Three parent approached us cautiously

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Gavia [illegible] 10 July Barrow, Alaska - as we approached the nest (but the pair remained close to the nest until we left the area. None were vocal. 13 July One seen flying N over Central Muck. 14 July a lone bird was seen in one of the pools in Central Muck 16 July one flying south along Elson Lagoon. 25 July Birds both on the waters and in flight in the lake area from Eksrauit south. Several pairs seen. All on the waters were in large pools that provide a long nursery for the birds to become airborne. One pair at the sabine's colony examined. Not much indication of vocalization. 29 July One seen out in the wet frond marshy area of Lay's Lake in the NNE part of Central Muck, as if on a nest. Two along Elson Lagoon and two, apparently with a nest on a small island of sphaenum in a large pond, between [illegible] Slough and Lines VII-VIII. This pair in flight made noise rather like that described for Red-throated Loons.

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P. A. Bredick 1966 Gravia archica 8 June Meade River Coal Mine, 15°02'5"W, 70°24'N, Alaska Due flying over the lake W of camp going South and one in the pool in the area S. of the ice dam. 9 June Two flying over in the A.M. Two in the evening. 10 June 1007-8 (sp?) calling from the far side of the Meade River area. 10 June 1/2 two in the large river pools in front of village. A few flying over silently. Less #s than stellata, when the river ice went (built up) birds seen only in flight over beach. 11 June A few seen in flight overhead. 12 June A pair on the lake up 0.7 miles creek in A.M. A couple flying over in the evening. ? Some calling, "Typically" (oon like from the lake or village creek). 16 June 3 in lake Agaray and several seen flying over. 17 June 2 in a small pool in the village flats and on lake Agaray. A Heat 4 on a lake or the far side of the Meade about 2 miles N of camp, calling vigorously. Several seen flying over. 16-19 June Calling on the lakes. Occasional birds flying over. 23 June A pair on the lake behind the CO2 warmer, and at least 3 and probably 4 pairs on the larger lake SW of there. No calling, but the birds are closely paired and possibly starting to nest - ? attached to sections of the lake. 25 June Two in the lakes W of the center plot. 29 June Two on the large lake at the head of Village Creek

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P.B. Beechey 1965 Gavia arctica 30 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 78°29'N, Alaska About half a dozen or and near Lake Agassiz. None calling. 4 July Only two on Lake Agassiz. Apparently the big #s from earlier were in response to ? freezing of inland lakes ? local food supply. 5 July Two on the lakes where I was collecting. One or two near the dams, on the Dr. flow, but not in the River. I suspect that they are now mostly in the Stollower Lakes, and that the River is pretty much Red-throat country. 8 July At least two near Lake Agassiz 11 July Three on Lake Agassiz, one on the N lake by the Census plot.

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Gavia adamsi: 25 June Barrow, Alaska - a bird flying E over the Uoth area silently was clearly this species as both the yellows, loft turned bill & neckbeards were seen. It seems to flap its wings slower than arctica. Two loons together giving a series of duck-like calls (cackling) were seen at close range but due to the bill movement I could not be sure if they were also this species; they flew similarly. One seen later called similarly but flapped a little faster and may have been arctica; in any case they are the 1st vocal loons I have seen here. 4 July One seen flying silently W over (North) Blye about noon. 6 July Two seen flying separately east (one) & west (one) over the N part of Holmes' Mears. They were silent 7 July A loon giving a series of long cackling notes -- appeared to be this on the basis of its dark back and slow wing beat. 16 July A group of 3, with a Red-thr., and 2 alone, flew silently over Holmes' Mears to Elson Bayort then South (east) with out landing. The head appeared green & the bill stood out markedly. Gavia adamsii

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F. D. Benedikt 1965 Gavia adamsii 5 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska. One flying over going east about 3 AM, silent. An unidentified loon seen over camp at 8 AM. 6 June One flying south along the Meade River in the A.M. 8 June One in flight going east in the afternoon and awaltis in the evening. 9 June One flying over an unidentified loon seen in flight probably this species. One over in the evening. 10 June One flying over in the A.M. and a large loon seen in the afternoon. 11 June One on a longish lake in from Voltage creek. Flew off before it got to the lake shore, whereas the Arctics stayed. 27 June One on the large lake at the head of village creek. Very shy as usual. Nice to know they are still around.

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P. De Benedetti 1965 Loon, sp. 26 June Barrow, Alaska 3 heard, one of which was seen, from Pitelko's Census plot. The bird seen seemed to be uniformly dark above but couldn't be sure, and couldn't see the bill well at all. 27 June Two were seen flying silently and one was heard in the morning near the lab and 243 were heard in the afternoon. See Arctic Loon. 28 June One heard in Central Marsh was making a goose- like noise in addition to the usual cackle See Red-thr. Loon. 29 June 2 Heard, one seen, prob. Red Thrs. 30 June 1 heard flying over Central Marsh. 2 July one (each) heard over West Slough and Central Marsh. 5 July 2 heard over Central Marsh. 6 July 2 heard over Micronet Marsh in the AM 13 July noted in fair number towards the lead, mostly beyond the ice. They were mostly the smaller species judging from their flight. 15 July one, prob. Yellow Billed seen Central Marsh. 20 July Several loons seen off shore in the evening mostly in a large patch of chow water. The majority seemed to be Red-thr. but one appeared large enough to be a Yellow-billed. 21 July all seen today were [illegible] Loon. Red-thr., was clearly seen and I appeared to be a Yellow-billed. 22 July seen over the Cherskii Sea in the evening 24 July those seen were mostly small ones out (prob. Yellow-billed) 25 July all seen appeared to be either Arctic or Red-throated,

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Anser albifrons Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska 21 May About 25 gun (3 group - 10, 15, 3) seen in the afternoon, all flying own head. 1 mi 24 May 15 flushed from snow covered tundra SE of camp; they flew off N along the Meade R. 25 May 6 flew over the camp area about 1:30 PM, 26 May 6 flew over camp about 6 PM. 27 May 6 seen flying over 1K Mather Lake about 9:30 AM and 8 flying N along the Meade about 11. 4 seen flying over camp about 6 PM. 28 May The largest group I saw today was 7 and, most were in 3's and 4's; a few conc birds, all birds were seen in flight only. 29 May Largest group seen was 6 and several singles and pairs noted. Very noisy but none seemed inclined to land. 30 May Small group of geese flying about all A.M. and in the late P.M. - 1 to 7-in-a-group. None landed. No pattern to flight direction. 31 May Much as the last two days. Largest group seen was 7. 2 June Small groups - mostly 3+4 seen flying about during the A.M. No pattern to the directions taken by groups of birds and possibly some are circling the area. Several flying about toward south 3 June A few seen flying near the village. Two landed on the flat N of the village along the river. A quorum of seen seen about 9 PM.

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Anser albifrons Meade River Coal Mine, 150°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska 4-7 June Small groups, 1 to 4, in flight over the area most times I am out. None on the ground and no big flocks. 8 June Two landed on a ice shelf along the Meade 8 of camp in the afternoon and two in a grassy area on the far side of the Meade in the evening. Small groups overhead in the evening. 9 June 3-4 seen in the village flats area, mostly in flight. 10-2 over in the evening. 10 June Sh/ll landing on the far side of the river, and also near the mouth of South creek. Rarely see them going over anymore, and seldom see even 3 together. 11 June A few lone birds going over, a pair on the far side of the Meade opp. south creek. 12 June Scattered on the tundra. No longer going over much. 16 June A lone bird on a puddle near the camp plot. It flew off at my approach. 17 June One evidently attached to the area on the far side of the Meade 2 mi. N of camp. No nest found. 18-27 June Rarely noted any longer, though sh/ll in the area (1 seen 21 June). - occ. lone or pairs flying over. 29 June Found a nest with 3 eggs along South creek near the lake at its mouth. The nest was on a Carey mound and very open. The 2 fledged off and (swooped) in the lake when I approached. Lone a 2nd pair came in and the 4 flew about

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P.D Benedetti 1966 Aruseu albifrons 29 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N. Alcids around together. When I went out to the lake to do S, I flushed a group of 7 geese which went off N together. 30 June Small groups about camp again. 1 July A group of 5 flying over lake Ikumakuate. 4 July Scattered and in small #s, 1 and 2's 5 July No longer on the flats opposite North dive.. to 11 July only occasionally noted. No long any groups in the area

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DeBenedictis, P. 1965 Branta nigricans 14 June Barrow, Alaska. - found a group of 1 and at least 3 scattered pairs along the shore of Elson Lagoon south of Skipik Slough. The 1st pair were in a grassy, melt pond & the other were near or on patches of grass surrounded by snow. They were silent and not much less approachable than in Maine Co. All appeared to be paired. 20 June a flock of about [illegible] seen flying W over S tower, The Barrow area about 5 PM, circling as if they wanted to land, but they didn't. 21 June Two pairs in a gravel area near open waters at the S end of Mt. Salt Lagoon. 24 June flock of 4 pairs south of Wohlenschlag Slough in the afternoon. 27 June group of 3 seen flying W out of the polygonal area by lines EHA-B, silent except for an occasional "harrnt" call. 6 July a single bird seen in a pond along Elson Lagoon not far from where McClees found a nest yesterday. 10 July Found the nest, which I photographed. The brooding bird was wary but did not get far away from us. The nest was well lined with down and the eggs were shockingly white compared to the other birds here. 11 July a flock of 5 seen flying E over Footprint Lake. 16 July The nest still old but down is becoming scattered around the area. The 1st is shyer now and gets off its nest on long, distant approach. 21 July The Brant #2 nest broken up, all egg eaten.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Cygnus columbianus 28 June Barrow, Alaska - 4 were seen in flight 1st over Fresh Lagoon. They circled aletsee Micconet Marsh, circling this area as if to land and disappeared in the direction of Central Marsh. about 7:30 PM. 29 June a group of 4 seen flying went over UOTH Strya in the morning. 4 July 3 seen flying W from the vicinity of Footprint Lake. 11 July 3 seen on the ground between Footprint Lake + Ikroavik.

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Anas acuta 19 June Barrow, Alaska — a flock 7 males seen flying N over S. Fort Logan in the early afternoon. 25 June a group of 5's seen flying S over the 60th area about 4:30 PM. 29 June a flock of about 8 seen in the AOT and 1/2's over the 60TH area in the afternoon. 30 June a group of 7 including at least 5's was seen on Central Marsh, where they landed in open exposed areas. 2 July a group of 6 with 1 duck (looking 5's) seen over Central Marsh. 5 July 3 (2♂, 1♀) out in the E. cent. part of Central Marsh, in a "grassy pool" 10 July about 7 were on Central Marsh, including several females, and were forked, showing no evidence of pairing. 11 July one seen in a small lake near Ikhavuil.

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Anas acuta 31 May Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska a group of 7's flew up the creek by the village about 11 AM. A lone male seen SE of camp in the early afternoon. 1 June One 3 seen in flight near camp 2 June One 3 seen flying along the river near the village in the A.M. 2 pairs were near the coal Mine in the evening, these being the first 3's I have seen, and a 3 flanked from the closest part of my census plot 2 x during the evening. 3 June At least 2 pairs and a male hanging about a pool becoming exposed N of the village below the river. Several chases seen and the 3's are quite noisy. 4 June At least 3 (38%) in the flats N of the village in the A.M. 5 June About 3? and 2+ 3's in the village flats, quite noisy. Placed pintail house in the lake basin S of the South Ridge and a 3 became established in a pond behind camp today. 6 June Still going (like) wild behind camp. Not many seen flying around. 7 June A few pintail feeding in shallow pools by Ikmakvah lake. Still around camp. more 3's than 4's. 8 June Not so conspicuous near camp. 38% near the South creek, and sea birds on the opening in the Meade R. Now fewer 3's in the pools in Village flats and morning into the area inland as it opens up.

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Anas acuta 9 June Meade River Coal Mine. 150°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska a small group in the lake behind camp and later 4-5's flew in. A couple of pairs near the Meade River pools in twice jams but no longer on the village flats, groups of 3's very noisy. Dubbling in the shallows pools. A male around the census plot and a couple of pairs elsewhere. 10-11 June Scattered in shallow pools and lakes, dabbling on the bottom. 2-3 x as many 3's at 9-8/11. Birds not so conspicuous behind the kitchen now that the big shallow lakes are opening up. 12 June Now mostly in the shallows of lake Agassiz. Many more 3's than 4's. A 3 over the census plot in the evening. 16 June Several groups of males about, some of which have lost its central tail feather. Only 2-3 3's seen. Mostly in the large shallow lake basin now. One 3 on the census plot. 17 June Absent from the village flats in the A.M.- only 3's seen. Kay found a nest on the far side of the Meade River. 18-19 June 1 lone and small groups of 3's flying over. 20 June 2-3 3's in the polygonal area NW of the village. 21 June 1 over the census plot in the A.M.. A dead, eaten adult and a egg-shell, probably this species, found there. One 3 along the river in the evening. 23 June At least two 3's and 4-6 3's on lake Agassiz, feeding in water 8-10 inches deep and grass

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P. H. Berridge 1966 Anas acuta 23 June Mercede River Coast Plain, 157°25'W, 70°28'N, A ladder to Acrothelia oo duct only - their beards shine. They are the slighest of the ducks here. No sign of closely paired birds. 25 June Found a nest with five eggs in the upper part of the willow flats across from the North dunes. The nest was well feather lined. The & flushed at 30 feet distance. A few pintails in a larger pool and some island of these. 29 June A & in the 1st lake on Village creek and seven birds in Lake Agassiz were the only ones seen. 30 June Two groups of males seen; they have lost the painted tail feathers now. 1 July Still many &'s on Lake Agassiz but they are now flanked up. A few &'s in the cove. In the afternoon flushed a & from a 7-egg nest in the willows along the Mercede, just beyond the creek S of South Creek. 5 July Only 1 or 2 seen on the flats opposite North dunes, and no nests located. to 11 July Now very inconspicuous. Most of the males apparently left Lake Agassiz by 6 July and the & are either sitting or are out in the tall grass where I can't see them. No nests being followed, and no young seen.

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P. H. Bevender 1965 Arthya marila 5 June Heacle River Coal Mine, 157°025'W, 70°025'N, Alaska A ? seen going south over South Ridge about 3 A.M. 17 June A ? on lake Agassiz. 27 June A ? in the largest cache in the [illegible] opposite camp. 29 June A ? in the 1st lake up village creek.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Polybitta stelleri 19 June Barrow, Alaska - affairs were scariest by a flooded trough between S. Salt & Family Lagoon. They allowed approach to about 100 feet Then took off, slowly after they returned and landed somewhere out of sight. The P is about all dark & has a heavy profile to the head trail. The male was very white on the sides, the chestnut showing only when the bird faced its head on and the green on the head was not noticeable. From the back it looked white headed and had 2 white stripes along the scapulars; the black collar spots in the flanks were conspicuous. 20 June After Four pairs were seen flying out of H. Salt Lagoon (S. End) about 2:30 p and a group of 10-72 was seen over the 60th area about 4:30. Shortly after a group the same size (6-54) landed in a pool where the Oldsquaw had spent the afternoon; Spain soon left but one remained behind, the P of which was chased by an Oldsquaw; when the flock landed they went through bathing marshes, some which appeared to be fertilized. 21 June All birds seen landed and the most in sight at one time was 6 pairs. They often landed in very small pools and several were seen to haunt bits on the shore. The amount of chestnut underneath is very variable. Displays seen included a head bobbing in which the birds raised up the breast at the same time extending

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Polystichus stelleri 21 June Barrow, Alaska - this week; sometimes Steller was thrown down at the bottom of the water. This was often mixed with patting motions and done by 8s + 4s and on and off the water. The alert posture is: [sketch of bird] and they have a coat-like changing posture given by birds in flocks; 8s to 8s, 10 8s, and vice versa; some classes were fairly extended. The only noise heard was a short warbled-like 'quack' from 8s and a whistle from the wings when they flew. 22 June 9 pairs and 2 8s were seen near Britton's area - 4 pairs in the low area N of the Beach Ridge, 2 pairs + 2 8s in a pool S of the Beach Ridge and 3 pairs flying over. Then group of 28s + 48s was continually harassed by jays, the jays forcing them to dive until the flock flew off and returned to the same pool, where on the whole thing was repeated twice. Seen this yesterday as well; the scaring display is given by both genders in what appears to be an aggressive connotation, usually when another pair moves close in. It usually takes its form on the water: [sketch of two birds] 23 June a lone 8 seen flying W over the barrell area and a 84 seen flying W over the S part Family logoon; 2 pairs of riders (5p3) seen over both sloughs as well.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Polysticta stelleri 24 June Barrow, Alaska. - saw 4 pairs out in pools parts of Central Marsh and 2 (?2) flying near the mouth of Woh (slightly) Slough in the afternoon. The pairs in this marsh indulged in considerable head bobbing, and were in rather shallow water (>6" deep). 25 June at least 5 pairs were in Central Marsh feeding in shallowly flooded areas opposite Pitha's census plot and a 6th pair was seen flying along Elson Lagoon. In the afternoon a pair was seen near the Nice-rot area, 3 pairs (1+2) flying over the Voth area, and 5 pairs (+2? repeats) between triplanes FAA-B and the FAA tower; the bobbing display and charge were seen on several occasions; the feed by tipping and one pair was heavily mottled with cattails. 26 June Only saw 287s in central Marsh today. 27 June Two pairs were seen on rapidly-flowing VOTH Creek and 3 more pairs out in Voth Slough which is quite shoaled. 2 pairs were seen in the VOTH creek and 2 pairs in the now much-reduced pools by the FAA tower. Little display 28 June 2 Pairs on a pool in Micronet Marsh. 29 June 2 pairs seen near the FAA tower and 287s near Micronet Marsh. 30 June found 787 and 87s in Central Marsh plus a recently shot 4 and 287s in Microned. Little display. 2 Subey saw 287 in Central Marsh and 287s at Micronet Marsh.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Polysticta stelleri 4 July Barrow, Alaska These sew were in loosely associated pairs except 24% in S Meadows Lake; they were seen in the VOTH area, VOTH slough and the area around Meadows Lakes. 5 July Only one pair seen in Central Marsh; they are scattered in the VOTH area. In the evening a $ was seen dipping for food in a pool about 6-8" deep. 6 July A pair in a small pool at the north interest may be in- dicative of the progress of the season. The $ was almost 30 feet from the % when I approached and flushed, landing close to the %, which began chasing the % away. The % occasionally tried to retaliate but was always beaten back by the %. The fight consisted of irregular alternat- ion of "head ups", a change in which the head was thrown down and forward and the wing was slightly opened [sketch of two ducks] and a bathing motion in which the % was thrown over the bird's back with a circular motion of the 1/4 opened wings while the attacking bird moved towards the other. They were silent. 2 other pairs were seen along Holmes's Heron and one in Central Marsh; of each the member of its pair were not closely associated. 7 July A pair closely associating in pools near AACs and 2 $ in the VOTH area. 8 July None of those seen today were in pairs, but rather as widely dispersed individuals. %'s not noted in VOTH area.

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P. De Breecl.24, 1965 Polyticta stellevi 10 July Barrow, Alaska - there was a group of 4Bs in the area between the two meadow lakes and at least 10 Bs in a group in Central Marsh. A male & were loosely associated in Holmes' Marsh but all other &'s seen were alone. A 5 egg nest on Pitelka's plot was seen, the nest rather exposed except as the duck sat on it and lined with black down. The 4 set very straight nest went straight off when she was approached closely. 11 July 5Bs were seen together on Footpint lake and 3 Bs together in the slough at the N end of Ikroathik. A few lone Bs were also seen. Only 4 or 5 &s were noted and a 6 egg nest, possibly down lined, was found along the NW shore of Ikroathik. 12 July 2 pairs seen flying in from the west along the lead in the evening. 13 July a group of 13Bs, which dove simultaneously, was seen in the lead about noon and 3 Bs with a group of old squaws were present later on. &s seen over on the sundries. 14 July A group of 3Bs+2&'s in Central Marsh. The nest on Pitelka's plank with 6 eggs, that between thin. It with one egg and a 6 egg nest SW of the line on a ridge, between two polygons was formed today. 17 July & feeding in the creek in NDTM slough. 20 July & near a pool S of S. Headaw Lake; the 1 egg nest near [illegible]kins II broken up but the egg still in one piece, and so find in [illegible].

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Polysicta stelleri. 21 July Bayou, Alaska - the 5-egg nest on Pitelka's plot o.k. 22 July ♀ in VOTH slough. 23 July ♀ sitting on nest on Pitelka's plot. 24 July ♀ on 6 egg nest (see 14 July), ok. when approach see got up and noisily tried to lead me away, almost giving a broken wing at feet - the wings were flapping in a circular motion as the bird ran off in a crouch. Later she only ran off, gawking, and flew when we got close, but only short distance. 25 July Two flocks of about 13 females and several groups of 2-4 were seen in the area between Ikrovaik and Sengovada. They preferred small pools with grassy bottoms and fed along the edge. 27 July 3 ♀s seen along the Chukchi sea in the evening, flying east. 29 July ♀ gone from Pitelka's plot and the rest flying scattered cell over the area. A ♀ with 5 downy young on a pool in the SE part of Holme's Morass. The ♀ kept them in the tall grass where they were hard to see. The young stayed near the ♀ but ducked up behind her when she swam. The young were very dark gray and had a little light coloration about the eye like the ♀s do, but proportionately longer in area.

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P. De Benedictis 1965 So materia hischeri 29 July Barrow, Alaska - found 47s, one with 4 young in a large pond grown with a tall red grass so as to hide the birds when they were in it. The 4 young were difficult to see as they stayed very close to one of the 4s and swam in a [illegible] or [illegible] formation. They appeared ducks. The other 34s stayed in the pool but did not remain near the young once flushed. They looked like the other sides of this genus when in flight, the facial pattern being difficult to see. The field guide marks are not very good as the spectacled effect was all but nil. The bill shape was easy to see; the head was [illegible] than the [illegible], which was finely scaled by coarse blackish crescents and the head pattern was:

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R.D.Benedict 1966 Somateria Borealis 5 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska - a ♀ seen flying up village creek about 5 P.M. The ♀ is a nice bird, the dark on the head, almost the eye appearing black and the eye very conspicuous. Very black ventrally. The eye mark of the ♀ more conspicuous than on the birds I saw last year. 7 June a ♀ ? flushed from a pool in the drained lake W of camp about 2 P.M., flew off to its N. 9 June 3 ♀s going S E 9: to 10 P.M. 10 June a pair with King Eiders on the ice on the Meade and later seven small groups, 2 to 8, seen going south along the Meade. Nice duck. 21 June A ♂ flying N along the Meade River. 3 July Fushed a ♀ from a well lined nest in a grassy Sphagnum-dyke in the lake area opposite North dunes. The eggs look like King Eider eggs. The ♀ went far off and made a quimtury call, but wouldn't come back until after I had left. Didn't see her until I nearly stepped on the nest.

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P. De Benedikt 1965 Somateria spectabilis King Eider 11 June Barrow, Alaska, - a flock of about 25 eiders, all the males of which I identified over this species, flew west over the Ark area about 9 PM. About 2/3 of the flock was of all-brown colored birds. 12 June saw a flock of 30+ drakes flying W from the Central Meadow to the Ark area about 9 AM and a flock of 125+ flying east over the UTH area about 8 PM, both groups entirely or all of 80's. 13 June a flock of 25, about 1/2 80's seen flying east over the lavel area about 10:30 AM, and a flock of 12, 1/2 80's, seen flying SE over South Salt Lagoon about 2:30. 21 June a single drake was closely approached as it slept on the snow in a pool at the NW end of H Salt Lagoon and a pair, probably this species, was seen flying E over the S part of H. Salt Lagoon. The 8 of the pair was definitely this genus and appeared to have a dark back. 26 June 10's flying SW over the W part Central Marsh with a flock of Old squaw. 27 June 7 flying W then W from over Family Lagoon; I looked a little duck speckled on its breast. 29 June A flock of 30+ 8's seen flying W over Nicomet Island in the evening. 4 July A flock of about 30, 1 F only, seen flying W over OTH strength. 5 July a single drake setting out in the middle of central Marsh. 6 July 7 drakes seen flying (W) along Elson Lagoon. See journal 8 July a lone drake was seen in the outlet from Family Lagoon

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D. Benedetto 1965 Somateria spectabilis 8 July Barrow, Alaska - where it dipped for food items and two flocks of about 25 ducks were seen flying NW along Family wagon. 12 July A flock of about 125 8's seen flying W over the hub area in the late afternoon. 16 July About 4 flocks of ~ 100 evers seen flying west along Elson wagon. There were 10-2 8's in each flock and one 8 in advanced eclipse was seen at flying; rest were in good plumage. 17 July A flock of 125±25 flew over the lab.; mostly birds in normal plumage. 20 July Several good sized flocks seen near creek camp in the evening. 21 July They are commuting past in good #s, and have changed from somewhat as there are a few mixed (with molliissima) flocks. A few -365- 8's were seen and some of the 8's have pretty clifty heads. 25 July Two and probably 3 8's seen, one along the west border of the large lake south of Irvovish and two with a flock of Steller's in a small lake near the old gas well. They were not strongly banded and the face was lighter than the crown; the frontal shield was moderately long. 26 July 2 8's in a pool near line III A. 27 July Those seen flying east; some sides for out going west 28 July Tried to photograph a 8 along the edge of the Chuckchi' sea, where it was diving for food. 29 July A few (3-4 8's) on the ice at Elson wagon. Most in flocks going over. Not more than 5% #s.

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DeBenedictis 1962 Somateria spectabilis 16 May Barrow, Alaska, a flock of 5 pairs seen flying west over the FAA tower area about 3:30. Nice to know a few birds are around. 5 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°025'W, 70°029'N, Alaska A group of 8♂, apparently this species, went one going E about 9 A.M. 8 June A ♀ in the Meade River south of the ice flow, resting on the ice along shore. 10 June a pair flying south with a pair of spectacled and also a group of 4♂ going south about noon. 16 June At least 3♀ and 2♂ in Lake Agassiz, 2 (North part), seeming about and clearly associational. 17 June A ♀ in Lake Agassiz. 23 June 4♂ still in the lake Agassiz region. Two ♂s stealing on sphagnum slyper in the lakes and 2♂s together on a slyple in one of the small lake by the census plot. Found a poorly wired nest with 7 eggs, the ♀ sitting until I got to within 6 feet. The eggs are olive, like Oldsquaw and Sketter eider eggs. 30 July Rodgu and Ray flushed a ♀ from a nest, which Rodgu said had half-dead egg. Could not find it again later. 9 July Could not find any Eiders in the lake.

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P. De Benedictis 1965 Somateria mollissima 13 June Burgeon, Alastaga, - a flock of about 75 birds was seen flying west over the Coel area about 3 P.M. The flock was of about 3/4s & 3s. 12 July A group of about 150 was believed to be this species, but could have been Spectacled. 13 July A group of 250-250 birds seen flying west over the Fresh lake area in the morning. 15 July a flock of 148s seen at close range over Holmes' House. They looked like Snow geese at a distance, from their white foreparts and the very goose-like flight. 16 July A group of about 75-100 (and 3-4 lone) 8's seen along Elson hagoon flying west. 21 July Several small groups and one large flock along Elson hagoon. 3 King flocks contained Single & Common (2) and 28s of this species. The larger groups were all 8's. 24 July Those seen today flying east along the Chukchi Sea. 29 July Many seen in small lines as part of King Eider Flocks and several obviously well into Eclipse plumage seem.

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P. De Benedittis 1965 Clangula hyemalis Oldsquaw 10 June Barrow, Alaska - 125+ birds were seen flying over the ARK area about 8PM from west to east; they were well up in the area, about 1/2P's, and not paired in the V they formed. The Vs were close together of 20+, 2 of 10, 1 of 3, and the rest in a long W-shaped line; there was a tendency for pairs of one sex to congregate in the lines and the flock sounded like Brant in the distance. 11 June saw a flock of about 75 flying east about 9PM and a group of 15 unidentified ducks, prob. this species, about 7PM. 17 June flock of 125+ seen flying E along the ice in the evening about 430PM. 18 June flock of 100+ flying E along the beach about 500PM 19 June Saw a pair flying E low over the VOTB area in the late evening; during the afternoon heard 3-5th flocks of ducks, probably this species, flying high over the cloud cover. 20 June. 4 birds were found in a pond between St M Salt lagoons, where they remained all afternoon. When 1st found a little courtship was seen, involving head nodding and his usual flight calls. One of these birds, a ? , is still in transition from white to summer plumage and really looked odd. Adding, Additionally a flock of 3, of 2 and of 24 were seen flying East over this area and many hundreds were seen flying east off shore. In the afternoon a flock of Steller's Eider landed in the lagoon and the 9 Summer Oldsquaws chased that Eider in a

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Clangula hyemalis Oldsquaw 20 June Barrow, Alaska, (bond) low cost - like poster: [sketch of bird] as I have seen also in Harlequin Ducks. The chase continued until the Eiders moved to an unoccupied part of the pool. At one time when both pairs were together, both BB's chased one female; they later resettled near or less perceptibly. 21 June Up to 5 pairs in the pond where we saw them yesterday, and 3 pairs (possibly) one duplication with (as above) in open water at the S end Mt. Salathogon and 2 flying over. There was some charring in flocks and a Will's Head warning; at least 4 of the BB's were in transition from winter to summer plumage, one more in winter than summer plumage. 22 June 4 were seen in the usual puddle and a pair were flying E over the barrel area. 23 June a pair were seen in a small melt pool in the marshes at the Nicomett East didn't stay around. 24 June Fork of 29 seen flying E over the Nicomett area about 10:30 PM. A pair was seen on a puddle near Wohlsebloy and [illegible] of about 20 were seen flying E in this same area in the afternoon. 25 June Only 2 pairs seen in the pool near Mt. Salathogon were found; both BB's in transition plumage. 26 June a fork of about 18+3 seen flying W over a part of Central Marsh in the evening with a B Eider.

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P.DeBenedict's 1965 Clangula hyemalis 27 June Barrow, Alaska - Two small flock, (10+18) seen flying W over the Barrow area in the morning and a flock of about 100 out over the lead, and a few on the pool as usual and 2 84 and a lone 9 were seen in the VORTH area. 28 June Two seen in flight over Nisqually Marsh (again). 29 June A pair seen in the polygonal area by N. Meadow lake and another pair seen in the usual pond by Salt haggers. 30 June two pairs and a lone drake on Central Marsh. 2 July 2 pairs seen on Central Marsh, one of which was flushed from the S part of Holmes's Marsh, and a pair seen flying over Nisqually Marsh. 4 July a lone 8 seen in VORTH slough and pairs seen (each) in the stream at Foot Point, in the polygonal area, SW of VORTH slough, 3 of Meadow lakes, and in Central Marsh. One pair was fairly noisy. 5 July 3 seen in the lead and one on the usual pool near Family Lagoon in the evening; one in central Marsh in the afternoon. 6 July There were two pairs in Holmes Marsh, about 9 in the open water at the end of Wohlschlag Slough and 2 diving ducks in the slough, and a flock of 60's was seen flying W over Central Marsh. 7 July a flock of 12 seen over Nisqually going SE in the A.M. and a single in flight near the VORTH area, 2 in VORTH creek. 10 July a pair was seen in Holmes's Marsh and 70's in Wohlschlag slough. There were a 84 and two lone 9's in the Heavens Lake area. No nests found.

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Claugula hymenalis 11 July Baures, Alaska - a few lone birds, both 7s + 9s, were seen on small pools in the Karrakik region but the great majority were in scattered groups of mixed sexes on the two large lakes W of Elbowdick. The dove freely for food and several were seen foraging in broken ice fields on the lakes; they were able to take off with a very short run. 12 July Present in large numbers along the open water by the ocean. Two groups of over 100 birds, of mixed sex, but predominantly 7s, were seen, and birds seen in all states of plumage, one 7 in pretty good winter plumage. Several flocks of up to 15-18 7s were seen in flight. 13 July Increased in numbers from every yesterday along the lead. 14 July less evident along the lead. Only one 7 seen in the Headbow lake area. 16 July A few small groups along the ice in Elson bayon and 7-10 in Walthsblag. They do not give the impression of migratory - rather just moving about in areas of open water. 17 July All seen were along the lead or flying over the lead. 20 July A group of about 20 7s in N Headbow lake and several small groups seen on the ice off shore, the largest about 20. 7s predominated, about 75% of the total. One was riding along on the ice as many could be, and many of the birds were on the water

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P. De Benedetti 1965 Clangula hyemalis 21 July Barrow, Alaska - a few birds seen in the water along the ice on Elson Lagoon and a few birds flying along the Chuckchi Sea. One dead bird found on the beach ridge. 24 July These seen all along Chuckchi Sea except 3 in VOTI Creek. 25 July Flocks of up to 25 in the larger lakes South of Ikhrovil but very few on a around small pool, these mostly females. The lakes were 100 feet and the birds stayed fairly well out. A nest with 5 eggs was found on a relatively dry mound of peat. The & sat until we were about 7 feet away, then went off silently. The nest was straw-lined with little feathering, and the eggs pale than a steller's eider. 29 July A group of 73 near the ice on Elson Lagoon opposite Wohlslag, of about as many 73 as 45s and 17 on Holmes's Horas near the larger pools at the SE end, where it may have a nest. The flock of the water was rather noisy.

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Clangula hyemalis 31 May Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°24'N, Alask. A flock of 30+ seen flying N along the Meade well up in the air about 10 AM. 8 June A group of about 10 flying east about 2 AM and later 3-4♂ seen going in odd directions and one group of 4♀s. all in flight, the large flock quite noisy 6 June Small groups - 5- and pairs occasionally flying part most of the day. Some are fairly noisy. 7 June A few small groups (most ♀s) going over 8 June do. A ♂ in the Meade R. S of the ice floes. 9 June 6 in the large pool below the ice jogs and 2 in the small pool this. About 4 seen in flight plus 1-2 pairs late. A heavy movement of pairs and one group 4♂3♀ going SE in the evening 5 to 10 PM Birds noisy (wings) as they went by low over the ground. 10 June large groups opposite the village in the Meade in the AM. After ice went a few in the water channels and two in South creek in the evening. Few ♂s flying over. Noisy - "ooh oon ah" - and ♀s head flipping in front of the ♂s. 11 June About a dozen in South creek and in some of the longer lakes which are opening up. ♂s flying about. Shy noisy and cawing but most already paired. 16 June Widespread but no groups on the small lakes around Que. ♂s still well associated. 17-18 June do. ♀s well associated & None cordially on rests yet. 19 June Several loose ♂s seen flying over the canyon plot.

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P. D. Burelle 196c Clangula hyponomea 28 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N. Alaska There is much 3° clearing on the rivers and in the lakes, but 3° still clearly territorial in most areas. No nests found. 27 June There were 4 pairs in De Longe Lakes opposite flats opposite camps. The 3°s were clearing land no nests. 29 June Very scarce inland, not seen except in Lake Agassiz and a 3° in the 1st lake cup village creek. 4 July Most seen were lone males out on the larger lakes. One pair on Lake Agassiz. Still haven't found any nests. 5 July 2-3 3°s in the flats opposite North Shore, a 3° in the river in the evening. 11 July Up to now very inconspicuous and occurs only lone 3°s or lone 3°s seen by some of the lakes. A group of 10 birds including both sexes in the large lake near the junction of South Ridge and the Meade River. At 12° group I have seen in some trips. Still can't find any nests.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Falco peregrinus 10 July Barrow, Alaska - a lone bird in somewhat worn plumage seen flying west over the polygonized ground W of Meadow Lake. As it flew we it was attacked by each successive pair of jaegers, and appeared to have a rough twist avoiding them. It didn't stay around long, needless to say. 17 July One flying N over the 05TH area and attacked by jaegers as it crossed the jaeger's territories. It was more spotted below than the 10 July bird and the entire trailing edge of its wing & tail tip was distinctly frayed. 21 July One similar to the last bird seen flying south along the shore of Elson Lagoon - it seems to have finally found a place where the jaegers leave alone!

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P. D. Berezin 1966 Faleo peregrinus 2 June Meade River Coal Mine, 15°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska a adult chasing Danbii and peeterals came over camp and really let my head as I was working along the meade something set a Pannigan. The bird went out over the village, meeting up every shore bird in sight (about 30) and disappeared without making a bird.

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De Benedicki 1966 Lagopus lagopus 22 May Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska Saw my first Ptarmigan walking through the middle of camp today. They are impressive when they fly because it looks like two birds. Hiking about the PM I saw one lone bird and later in the afternoon found 15+ roosting and feeding in the cat train tracks where the tundra is exposed. Their prints and droppings are all around here and there are evidently not numerous around camp and near the native village. Saw 30+ being shot at by natives near the native camp, about 4:30 when you figure out what to look for, they are really easy to spot in spite of being mostly white. 23 May Back in camp today. There appear to be two sizes, a large one which is deep red brown on the head and then uniformly colored except on the face of some, and a smaller, pale-orange brown variety which is not nearly as completely mottled as the other. These cutters come through camp at intervals in the A.M. and at the mid after-noon to early evening period, feeding as they go and they seem to go especially attracted to the disturbed areas around camp. Ray slept 4 about 2:30 and I decided I had to find out what they taste like so.... They are quite dimorphic and the large dark ones are Pt. They are eating

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hago pur logopus -2 23 May Heade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°24'N, Alaska yellow beds and green leaves, prob. Ledum Dryas and Vaccinium; the bud eating is evident from examination of the bushes here, which are all stripped clean. The molt is dimorphic, the ♂s further along than the ♀s. See catalogue for these 4 breeds. Ray later shot 4 others, which I weighed and checked for molt only 8 ♂, 622 gm., heavy molt head and neck, moderate molt scapular tract, body + wing - no molt; ♂, 614 gm.; molt as above; ♀, 340 gm., mod molt (short feathers), scapular + upper tail coverts, heavy molt head and neck; ♀, 526 gm., heavy molt (large feathers) head and neck (small feathers) vertebral back + upper tail coverts; mod. molt scapular tract, median and greater 2° coverts: light molt on front only. These birds are also strongly dimorphic by the develop of the supraorbital crest - well developed in ♂s, only a trace in ♀s. Saw a brief bit of courting in which a ♂ faced a ♀ with 1 side erect and the tail spread and tilted towards the ♀. When the birds are shot at they get up and fly about 50 yards; otherwise they try to move by walking off rapidly, which they can do. They are, however, fairly tame in spite of all the shooting that's going on now.

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lagopus lagopus '3 25 May Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska 9 birds shot last night and frozen now weight: ♀, 578 gm, moderate-heavy molt, head, neck; light molt (pin feathers) upper tail coverts & ventral tracts. ♂, 511 gm, heavy molt head and neck; light molt upper tail coverts, ant. ventral tracts, scapular tracts. ♀, 494 gm; molt as above. ♂, 660 gm; heavy molt head and neck, light molt scapular tract. ♂, 626 gm; heavy molt head and neck, light molt scapular tract. ♂, 615 gm. heavy molt head and neck, light molt, probably accidental left upper 3° coverts. ♂, 660 gm, heavy molt, head and neck only. ♂, 640 gm, heavy molt head and neck, mod. molt scapular tract and upper tail coverts. ♂, 614 gm., heavy molt (almost complete) head and neck; light molt scapular tract. When I went to get these birds, there was a live male with deer, which flew off. A group of 58±2 on the far side of the Meade River, feeding in semi-open areas. As in all the other forks here, the sex ratio is nearly or exactly 1:1. 26 May a ♂ and 2 ♀s around the camp were the only ones noted today. 27 May. Group seen today included 4♂2♀ near camp in the am plus two group of about 9 and 15, with 2-3 more males than ♀s in each group

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hagopus logopos 24 27 May Meade River Coal Mine. 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska in the flats N of the Nativo village. All seem to be feeding in the open spots where Dryas 1vs. are plentiful. The males are now a little vocal when they flush, which has not been the case always, and some keep the eye combs conspicuously inflated. About 1/4 of the males have conspicuous deck feathers coming out on the back now, but the 1s to 4s seem to have changed much. They are still fairly slip. In the evening a group of 24-48 and of 634-57 seen near camp, SW along the Meadee. Generally only in two birds of a group as least as them are vocal, and when one bird flushes, the whole group goes. They prefer to seem if they can. 28 May Birds seen today were predominantly 1s (about 3:1) The low area N of the village was being utilized by this species wherever there were low willows 4-6" high intermixed with grass in low centered Polygonal areas; there was no Dryas here and I believe birds were taking willow buds. Some of the 1s are a little vocal (but there is not much obvious courtship). 29 May. The flocks seem to have almost completely split up and 1s are very little evidence. Much calling by males in the AH and from 8 to 10+ P.M. Birds localized in the Sandy-Dryas area.

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Lagopus lagopus - 5 29 May Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska as before 30 May Only a few birds noted but they are now very vocal. Mostly lone males were seen with a & and a $ walking the outer tail feathers were seen together. They are now very prone to get up and fly off! when approached, the wings make a very distinctible song as the birds go by. Scattered males were very noisy from about 10:30 to 11:30, but with long bursts between calls. Only one $ seen. 31 May. Birds are well scattered out and were quiet most of the mid day through noisy during the earlier morning. 1 June. The only ones seen were quiet, huddled close to the ground. mostly males in evidence past a few females are in the area. A kill, fresh, found about 3 PM in back of camp was being eaten by Glaciarous gulls. There were feathers on the ground about 15 feet from the position of the corpse and the body was still warm and moist, but the head wet and cold. 2 June A few lone males seen scattered along the cliff side of camp, No forks and just 3 broods at one place near the village, little vocalization Saw one male go through the courtship flight and call. When I jumped a $ with two $s, the $ flew off first, being chased by one of the $'s; the other $ stayed a while, then flew in the

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hogopus logoper - $ 2 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska opposite direction. When they decide to fly, then criers can move. They seem to be tattering willow buds more than anything else, and are usually in low polygonal areas. Ptarmigan are similarly spaced over the area South of camp, the 3's being widely separated and calling and displaying a little, and the hens little in evidence. Not much feeding activity seen, this mostly in the bare area where Dryas is abundant. 3 June Still cattering. A female along in today went in camp this AM, with a 3'. When even a 4 flushes the males go after them. One was feeding in low willows - spaced along a polygonal ridge but I could not tell what they were getting. Twice - once in the AM (5 to 10) and in the PM (±4) a 4 and a 3 have been roaming about camp, the two birds cackling like chickens and the 3' chasing the 4 on its ground. Nothing seems to come of this. I'm citing? Later, I saw a pair out near the "census plot" doing the same. Most of the birds appear to be paired but some lone males are present. Est. count at 4 males / 2 Km. of lower bluff in a strip 250 m. wide, and about as many 3's as 4's. They have pretty well stripped the willows of buds by now. 4 June little activity in the AM. Birds eating ?Dryas and W.Need

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P. DeBenedetti 140c Lagopus lagopus - 7 5 June Meacle River Coal Mine, 15°02'9"W, 70°02'5"W, Alotau The local birds were fairly quiet until about 2 AM when most of the Js started cocking. The Js sleep out in fairly exposed areas. The density appears to be about 1 pair/30 acres of birch ground and the birds move into the lower stiff as it becomes exposed. Most males are associated with a J, no group. The J around slump has nearly completed its molt now. But the Js have a long ways to go. 6 June Very quiet today. The Js fairly well along in molt and the Js stationed widely. One singing from top of a building in the village. The hens are getting slug but the males are still very conspicuous. 7 June I saw few birds this afternoon but found two kills in the polygonal area between the village and its makahs. Both were piles of feather on the ground, including retrices, but now very skin. 8 June The Js are not as noisy as before, the Js much slower, as the last 2-3 days. Often get right up to the Js before they flush. The Js then come in and sing, the eye-combs inflamed. Found a kill with skin completely cleaned behind camp and 1-2 kills on the village flats. Not many around, pob. density 1 J/50 acres.

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hagopus logopu - 8 9 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°24'N. Alaska See local birds cackling near camp about 8 A.M. A few on the mudra near the village. The 4's are slly and the 4's are quiet but still cackling etc's when I flush them. Most 4's nearly done with molt now but 4's have not advanced much. The 3's some times sing after I flush them. A little cackling by males after 9:30 P.M. One group 3's near the saw plot, one apparently dominant. Not much activity. They often are very close to the river edge in willow clumps. 10 June 3's scattered and the 4's very shy. 3's cackling when I get near. In the evening saw 3's together and heard some cackling after about 10 P.M. Saw 2-3's near south creek. They just finishing the molt. 11 June 3's scattered along south ridges and down in the high spots in the lake basin & thund. Little activity. Owl, one seen. 12 June Found a nest with 2 eggs under a willow. The nest is not lined. The 2 flushed at close range. The eggs are blotched red brown and hard to see. Most of the local Darninger shot by stenwire from the village today, including 2's on my camp plot. 16 June Little in evidence until late evening. One 3's on the mine A-frame. 17 June A 3' on the W side 1. Agassiz opposite the CO's warri gan but wouldn't find the nest, 2-3 near village. A 3' on the far side of the Meade 2 mi. N. of camp.

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Lagopus lagopus 14June Mleade River Coal Mine, 157°25'N, 70°24'W, Alaska Steve said the nest I found 12 June now has 8 eggs, and he found a 2nd setting 4 near the census plot. 20June We went to see the nest near the census plot, The 4 was sitting and allowed approach to 5 feet without flushing. Not checked. 8's still courting and some are obviously beginning the black molt (scopular) now. 21June A 3 still near the mine, and 8's well spaced along the river, heat territorial system seems to be breaking down as 8's trespass a lot, and more "fighting" than before. Still good courtship flight and calls. Most 8's have black scopular showings. 23June The nest on the far side of Lake Hyassiz now has 9 eggs and the 4 continues to sit really as tight as it 4 near the census plot. Two 8's seen during the biprop. No display. 26June Ray says the nest by the census plot has 8 eggs. 27June 2-3 8's on the flats opposite the river, still chucking a bit. 28June A 8 came into camp and landed in front of me. It didn't stay around for me to catch it. 29June Only noted near Lake Agassiz. 30June The nest near the census plot ok. 9 eggs. The 4 sitting so tight I can touch her. Nest dove sleek up and hisses when I approach and charged when I turned back.

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Lagopus lagopus 1 July Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska found a nest with 12 eggs on the willow flats. The 9 flushed at 4-5 feet and ran off into the willows by the river and hid. The 8 came up but stayed fairly far away from me. The 8's here are starting to get brown backs now. 4 July The 9 still on the nest by the census plot. When I first flushed her, she gave a fierce threat display, the tail cocked and fanned and the wings partly opened and dropped, the bird hissing at me. She came in front of me crouched to the ground just far enough away that I couldn't catch her and fled over 50/100 meters away. 5 July Saw 2-3 8's, all alone, along the river in the willows, opposite North dunes. All very brown on the back, and no "sang" weed. In the evening saw one with white on the back and still singing from a prominent perch on the river bank, or is it no longer the case near camp. Art McKee said he saw a 9 with at least 8 chicks (?flushed from a nest), and that the 8 was still present but wouldn't come as close to him as the 9. 6 July The 9 by the census plot still incubating. When I got near she gave a brief but poor distraction display. When I tried back off, the crows would jump up and fly at me and Art's head. She hissed

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Lagopus Lagopus 6 July Pleade River Coal Pluio, 157°25'W, 70°29'N. A lot and did her best to be fierce. When we went off, she ran ahead of us for about 50 metres, then went back to the nest when we walked away from her. 8 July Flewled the F from the nest by the river plot near the W end of Phil's transect. She gave a strong threat display, then sat in a clump of willows and wouldn't move. Couldn't see any chicks nearby. She was obviously bothered by mosquitoes, which were all over her head. When one crawled on her bell, she ate it. She doesn't shake or scratch like longspurs and the body feathers are evidently thick enough to protect here. Later flewled a 0 from a clump of Sibirian plucking on a sphagnum dyke by the edge of lake Agassiz. It was covered with mos- quitoes on the head, but the body didn't seem to be attracting much. It was nesting when I found it, but got up and walked off, shaking its tail neurotically, when I left, without challenging me. The nest here was full of shells, and two eggs remained. I opened one of these but found oddly yolk, and as the other was also infertile. 11 July Flewled a F from a trough in Eriophorum- Carex area near south ridge. The 0 soon swooped off east by 8 gave a low intensity threat display and remained in this area. I searched

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M.D.Beedell 1966 11 July Pleade River Coal Mine, 15°02'5"W, 70°22'41"N. Alaska for chicks but didn't find any. The & gave a weak distraction display, a crouch with its wings slightly dropped and lead me toward the lake from S of Lake Agassiz. In this event flushed a & near the nest on the census plot. She was sitting on 70-8 chicks, when I went up to take a photo, they suddenly flushed away off radically away from me → cheeping quickly. The value of this in confusing a predator was clearly evident, for it was used to follow a particular chick. They went off about 30 feet then froze. It took about 10 minutes for us to find one after this. When I picked it up, it "cheeped" and the & came to within 20 feet of me, though mainly it stay 4-6 feet away, crouched and flat, the wings dropped, and hissing and clucking, alternately. Never a sign of a & which are least up enough when they are courting. & have been very quiet since about 3 July, according to the (two) #s seen recently.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Squatarola squatarola 20 June Barrow, Alaska - a bird in very mottled Plumage, the back actually appearing rather brownish, and the black of the heart & face very mottled, was seen on the continuation of the Beach Ridge W of M. Salt Lagoon, later one over heard but not seen one the N part of S. Salt lagoon. The bird seem feed gently near a Golden Plover, the two ignoring each other; 24 June One in good plumage feeding in flooded part of Central Marsh near a Golden Plover, the two not bothering each other. 25 June Still one in same area of Central Marsh; a sings was heard and then seen flying about 150 ft up from the Lead S over M. Salt Lagoon about 6:15 pm. 28 June a Very handsome plumaged bird in Nicomet Marsh According to McLean, it was present yesterday night. 29 June One seen flying E over the VORTH area towards Central Marsh in the late afternoon. 30 June Heard one flying over Central Marsh in the morning. 4 July A single bird in good plumage seen with 2 Pluvialis in VORTH slough and another with a large flock of Plover & Dow. Either in Central Marsh; both were S. Black. 5 July One out in VORTH slough and at least 4 (1 sings and a group of 3) along the east side of Central Marsh. The 12 was above, the others with golden plovers. 6 July 3 in good plumage in the same part of Central Marsh. 12 July One heard over Family Lagoon in the evening, 13 July a group of 5 adults flying just over Nicomet Marsh.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Squatorala squatorala 23 July Barrow, Alaska - 8 seen out in-dwet grassy area at the N end of Central Marsh fairly well scattered and not associated with Golden Plover. Between 2+4 pm 7 of these left and a flock of golden plovers moved into the area. They were in fairly bright breeding plumage, but appeared to be beginning the post-nuptial molt. 25 July Two seen in a grassy lake border about 1 mi. NE of the old gas well. 29 July 4 adults with a golden plover along the edge of Ebon Lagoon near Woldsellag, where they fed on the wet grassy flats. All beginning post-nuptial body molt. I Heard near Lines XIII-XIV in the evening.

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Squatrula squatorola 30 May Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska - A bright plumaged bird came in with 3 golden plum and feed for a while in exposed sand Dryas-moschata flats on the dunes S of camp. It was not present in the area 2 hrs. later. 31 May I feeding with golden plumes along the creek near the village in the AM. 1 June A flock of 4 dull plumaged (? ) birds seen over the village and two similar birds feeding with golden plumes on the very exposed patches of ground along the creek. 2 June Two pairs seem be becoming established in its polygonal area near the dunes 1 mi N of camp. Saw flight songs, which are quite unlike that of golden plumes in sound though similar in form, on two occasions and heard several others. They feed out on the dry, sandy flats more than the golden plumes do now, but do not seem to pay much attention to the plumes. One seen in flight over its "cursors plot" in the evening. 3 June Two seen the village, including one swig, bird. Seen only in flight. Bird calling along the Meade R. just S of its "cursors plot." 4 June Seen in flight near the village. 5 June There are several pairs centered around the south ridge, where much song flight went on from 2:30 to 5 A.M. The song is a mournful "pueerwee" sometime camp preceded by a Twell. The only ones on the ground were a pair in

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Squatorola squatorola 6 June Mecelle River Coal Mine. 15°02'5"W, 70°29'N. Alayk A pair feeding on high polygons between camp and the A.F. Wannigan most of the day and a little song in this area. They probably prefer dryer tinder than Golden glover if my few observations are indicative. Though there is some overlap in feeding areas. 7 June One pair in camp. A pair in camp Marsh near Itmakirak lake and another in the village flats area on the high polygonal areas. Not as noisy as earlier. Birds now seen only in pairs. 8 June A pair in camp and 5 of the census plot. Both are usually on high polygonal country when they feed fairly actively for a plower. 9 June The local birds cooing about camp about 5.30. A few at the Rundia behind the village. [illegible] but still continuing [illegible] when I flush them. Mort 9s many done with molt now, but it's have advanced little. 9 June A pair on high polygon in camp and near the valley flats. Quiet except when I flush them. 10 June Scattered bush Coraly, all paired. Shill noises. 11 June 1 pair seen about 2 miles out South ridge, possibly starting a nest. Shot at bat missed one. A little calling. Feeding widespread in this area, where no other places are present — but only because of low density? 12 June A pair heard from the census plot. No seen. No Congo around camp.

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Squatorola squatoroda 16 June Meleale River Coal Club, 157°35'W, 28°29'N, Alaska A pair, one singing near the South ridge at the S. end of lake again, sing "pheew wee" and giving the butterfly flight, and singing from the far side of the river. 17 June Singing from the far side of the Meleale River, in the evening giving a considerable part of the song with much rolling. In lake Agassiz feeding in the marsh as do Golden Plovers. 18-19 June Singing across the river SSW of lake Agassiz 21 June Singing across the Meade from camp. A pair near the dunes S of camp on the Oxbow of the Meade. 23 June They, like golden plovers, seem to have moved out into the marshes, where they feed in typical plover fashion. Saw 3 together so there must be two couples SSW of camp. No song and little (only clown) calling. 25 June Feeding along the squaween dunes in the pools across the river opposite N-dunes. One attacked a jayago that flew over from a position on a higher, dryer, lichen covered bluff. 27 June Found a pair which gave high intensity distraction displays on a black lichen area (Corniculana-Ceteria association). Couldn't find a nest. The birds gave the "pheew-wee" call, the "pee-nee-wee", and once the rolling notes followed by the "pheew-wee". The distraction display is identical with that of golden plovers. Involves a

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Squatorolo squatorolo 27June Meade River Coal Mine. 157925'W.70924'N. (Hawk) with the back feathers stripped and the wings open. Usually on the 5th gave the display but in one area both birds did this. A Ternstrom in the area was once attacked by the plover. 29June One near the 1st lake or village creek, giving alarm calls. 30June Found a nest with 4-eggs in the Cornicularia-Cetaria just W of the Nlom by the cumin plot- like a golden plain nest. The eggs were spotted. The birds gave no help at finding it and slip off quietly, when I approach, though they are wary to see when you know where the nest is. The nest is lined with Thamnolia lichen, very conspicuously against the black background. Got little distraction display. They occasionally, attacked glaucous gulls flying over and took a few peeks at insects on the Cornicularia area. 1 July Got strong distraction display from a pair near the North dunes. 8July The 5 still near the nest by the cumin plot, the eggs not pipped. Got strong distraction display. 1-2 other birds feeding out in lake Agarsy. 5July Two pairs on the flats opposite N ditch dunes, on the 2nd beach level. Got distraction display from both pairs on the Cornicularia-Cetaria areas.

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P.D. Buecheler 1966 Squatorola squatorola 5 July Meade River Coal Mine, 15°25'K, 70°20'N, Alaska but the birds seem to be feeding out in the Cavy marsh area. Almost always see &s together. One bird attacked and drove off a Parainia Touger that flew off. Not seen elsewhere. 8 July Still incubating on the nest by thyeen plot. They no longer give a good distraction display and only one bird stays close. Their species is sexually dimorphic, the &s being much brown closer than the &. 11 July little reaction from them in the afternoon. One bird still incubating. When we came by in the evening, one bird was. but flew off quickly, from some distance away, and with secrecy. When I went to do nest, the & came in and gave a distraction display. The &s stood off cooling, then came a little closer and also gave a distraction display, but not as well developed as prolonged as that of the &. Eggs are cracked but no hole. Should hatch by tomorrow evening > tip next A.M.

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P. De Benedick's 1965 Pluvialis dominica 10 June Barrow, Alaska - a single bird was seen in the Ciel But area, nict, in a exposed, gory area. 11 June Saw 2 birds, one giving the butterfly display flight at the southeast eul Family lagoon about 430, and 1 near Meadow lakes about 830 PM. 12 June Saw 4 birds, 2 near the VOTH area and 2 about ½ along the W side of Family lagoon. No display but some vocalization; they feed in the open gory flats along a puddle, and very infrequently as all plover do; they were all judged to be OB's on the basis of black on its face. 14 June Scattered 3's were seen along the Elson lagoon area, and although heard the flight call given in migration, saw no fights or display. 15 June 2 birds, 3's, together on shore of Elson lagoon very noisy, no display, in the AM. 16 June One seen flying by its Beach ridge in the AM. At least 4 birds, including a 9 plumaged bird, along the W side of Wollschlag Slough. The birds were fairly quiet, except in two periods when one male chased a second calling "too lée lée ... too lée lée ... too lée lée", a clear whistle but no display flight. 17 June Saw a bird with much white on the face with a Black head (ricel) along the W side of Family lagoon. The birds are quite vocal; calls heard are a "furlee", the commonest song given in two pitches by birds on and off the ground, a "chilup" occasionally.

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Pluvialis dominica Y. DeBenedictis 1965 17 June Barrow, Alaska (cont), from birds in flight. Saw an aerial chase between 2 black-faced birds and a few ground chases but no other display activity. 18 June One seen on the Beach Ridge. 19 June There were more birds in the Both-Bither's area than last time, and saw 1 aerial displays. The wind flies west a slowish, stiff, straight out wing beat, calls: "ku tee" or "kun lee" or "teelee" or "tulee", the beat about 4 per 3 seconds and the calls synchronous with the wing beat. The display is carried out 20-30 feet up and lasts 10-15 seconds. There were at least 2 % and didn't any black-faced birds together. Bird was hard to approach. 20 June Saw 3 flight displays as described above. Heard again a very complicated vocalization - "Something like "too wee wihwit wit teeloo" -- -- -- or longer, but have been unable to note the context in which it is given. Not all birds present seem to be paired. 21 June Only 3-4 birds in the area where 10+ were seen yesterday, and no special behavior observed. 22 June Heard the long vocalization and believe chase was involved but couldn't be sure due to fog. No flight display. 23 June Birds seen in the afternoon were quiet; all birds.

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P.D. Benedict 1965 Pluvialis dominica 23 June. Barrow, Alaska: seen feeding were in rather wet places, along pools or in very saturated low polygon. They remain hard to approach. 24 June a pair in the Micomet area, and saw one aerial butterfly display. The species was somewhat more numerous in the area along Edison hoggon & Wohlschlag Slough, and saw 3-4 aerial displays. One ? in a glide using a [illegible] following a ? called wee witwit wee 2-3 trips, flopped for a while, went into glide giving the "tuke" butterfly song display, the two covering a wide area. A male on three successive occasions chased a dunlin for 6-15 feet, each time swooping after the dunlin and landing only a few feet from the dunlin. When the pluvier landed it held the wings up longer than usual. The pluvier was silent but the dunlin gave a short low till when being chased. 25 June On the beach Ridge from the Micomet area to P. Eltha's plot only 2-3 pairs were seen but then seen 2-3 times as many out in Central Marsh when they called loudly and fed in very wet areas. Only one flight display seen but the birds were quite vocal on the ground as usual. It is the hidden of the arctic. Birds seen in the afternoon were also demonstrative, 2 flight displays and 5-6 fight displays involving V. gliding of one of a ? pair in flight accompanied by a campy vocalization (its most distinctive being a

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P. De Benedittis 1965 Phuvriolis dominica 25 June Berrows, Alber - low, rather sharp double "w.t" note usually preceded and followed by a higher whistled "wee" note but sometimes by, and often additionally by, the "tukee" or "tuk" phrase. The Curlew Sandpiper seen to day was chased by a Golden Plover on two occasions. 26 June Considerable calling, mostly involving to "w.t" note heard over Holmes' Mains and one flight display seen, 1a2 others heard. 27 June Heard a flight display and several calls involving the "w.t" note near the VOTH area, and saw 3 together on one occasion. They seem to have left the area close to the continuation of the Beach Ridge where they were fairly present. 28 June A flock of 6-8 birds percolated on Miccunet Marsh and fading relatively quietly. Heard display over the hab at dinnerturis and found them to be widely but generally distributed over the area, cared well not very noisy. 29 June Found a single egg of this species on a rather bare raised polygon in a slight depression in the ground. The egg stood out rather markedly from its background. Flows were seen very sparsely during the day except for the flock in Miccunet Marsh. When I went out to check them they got up, flying rapidly, circled a few times and took off to the NW, calling occasionally, leaving only 3a4 birds behind. NEST 1

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Pluvialis dominica 30 June Bayou, Alaska - This species was really common in Central Marsh forming groups of 15-20 out in the middle of the marsh; they were silent. They were quite variable in extent of Vertical black, some having considerable white on the posterior abdomen. Later I saw a group of about 15 in the polygonal area N of the ridge and the group of 10 was back in Micconet Marsh. Most of these birds appeared to be migratory rather than broods, and they were fairly jumpy. 1 July Only about 6 birds in the group on Micconet and a couple more scattered about - only display was the call involving the "wit" note - heard 2X. 2 July Rather scattered groups were seen scattered over: The End of Holmes's Marsh and all over Central Marsh; they were all very quiet and no sign of the flocks of the last few days were seen. 3 July A group of 10 in Micconet. Hummelton said 23 were present last night. 4 July They were only scattered from Bn Horn's Area to Foot point and Stine to Meadow Lakes - mostly pairs and not more than 4 together (in UOTA's lough). They were rather silent. I counted 39 in the SE end of Central Marsh and 19 more in the W-centre part of the marsh, including at least one pair stationed along the edge of the marsh. They fed in shallowly flooded quaggy areas, and were rather silent, even when they flushed; they loosely were associated with Dowitchers. There did not seem to be many in Micconet Marsh. The

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P. DeBenedich 1965 Pluvialis dominica 4 July Baylow, Alaska - nest near line I has apparently NEST1 been abandoned, as there is still only one egg and no birds in the area. 5 July There were several small groups along the east side of Central Marsh but didn't note any any place place else other than scattered birds. Those in Central Marsh were not very flighty or vocal, but did not allow close approach. A nest found by P. Tolke and Hamilton NEST2 near line 41B was attended by a lone very noisy bird; there were two plowes near this nest in the evening, a bright and a dull plumaged one; they were quietly across a small pond from the nest and flew off on my approach. The sitting birds called loudly, crouled off giving a crouch and going into a crouch, and one whin into what looked like a hunched posture Plowes alert post and alarm posture are rather similar - [illegible] differing mostly by the thickness of the neck. The bird on the nest attacked and chased a wavy of Pecked Sandpiper which happened to be feeding near by, when I was near the nest.

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P.DeBenedictis 1965 Pluvialis dominica 6 July Barrow, Alaska - found a four-egg nest along NEST 3 Eloon lagoon. As with the nest seen yesterday, the attending bird arose from the nest, went off about a foot and began calling an excited "kulee" note, and walked slowly, directly away from the nest. When I got near the nest I once went in to the tail down crouch posture. In spite of all the yelling it did, no 2nd bird appeared. Another pair was near the CREEK shock. There were two small groups totaling about 20 birds along the E side Central Marsh and a large group, mixed with Dowitchers at the SW end of the Marsh; they behaved as yesterday, but frequently bursts of "wee kit kit wee" type song were heard by birdson. On the ground, often as they entered a group. The posture I called "alarm" is also frequently assumed by birds looking for food and may indicate only a state of "tension" or anxiety; the two might better be called "alert" - "thick necked" and "alarm" - thin necked. One group along the W side of the marsh got up and circled the Marsh several times, splitting into 2 groups until a fork of Oldsquaw flew across the marsh; the plovers joined the quickest disappeared to its east, although I suspect they landed in Holmes' Mear rather than emigrated. 7 July There were about 6 birds loosely spread out over Micronet Marsh feeding in wet areas; one gave the quid with the "kit" syllable; and about 10 in the polyurized area resting silently, E of Micronet Marsh in DAH.

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P. De Benedick's 1965 Pluvialis dominica 2 July Barrow Alaska. The nest by line 3B was being incubated by the 4 and when she got up and began to scold a 2nd bird also appeared and scolded me. One other pair heard but no flocks seen. 9 July no groups around VOTH though but 4-6 birds were along the road from the Voth area to Footprint; one of these birds was very mottled ventrally, and they were not very vocal. 10 July a flock of about 12 seen near the OSC + GS shack N of the Beaula Ridge and 1 or 2 similar sized group were along the E. side of Central Marsh. The birds were very quiet. 11 July No groups which gave the impression of being paired and territorial were seen in the 1/Kroakia region but 3-4 flocks of 8-6 birds were seen, all in flight. One group was with dowitchers. 13 July The nest along line 3B was empty and no bird were seen in the area. A flock of 17+ were seen in the VOTH area in the evening of July 12; they were silent, but their wings are noisy when they fly, 14 July an obviously nesting pair on Gasline Ridge 80 feet on a 2; nest with 4 eggs found by Hamilton 15 July A group of about 8 on the polygonized area where the weasel road crosses the Beaula ridge, N of the ridge. 16 July The nest along Elson bayorn still OK and attended by a single bird. One heard near the Cull shack. 20 July A pair just west of the S end of line 3 on bluff below gasline ridge acted suspiciously and McLean pond

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P. De Buedi 55 1905 Pluvialis dominicae 20 June Barrow, Alaska - 3 downy young. I later saw one; they are yellow! and unlike the well grown Calidris will not run but couch motionless, allowing me to take photos from 10 inches; one when picked up ran a short distance then crouched. They are much larger than the other chicks I have seen and the plow bill is quite evident. Both parents around. 21 June A group of 10 with 2 dimlin and 2 with 6 Pectorals were seen along the Beed west. The nest near Baint Point Latching - 1 young day, 1 young wet and 2 eggs. The parents (both present for a change) where quite upset by my presence and came to 15 feet of nest. They both gave strong distraction displays. [illegible] on the ground standing and often tilting the back towards me, which made the bird actually somewhat less conspicuous. They were both in somewhat mottled plumage. The chicks did not appear to pay much attention to me, but remained in its nest though occasionally moving. 22 July A flock of about 30 in the level grassy area about the pondo N of lines 4 in the 6th area. They were feeding actively in the grassy area; many were in quite mottled plumage. About 25 more joined them and flew off, leaving about 10 here. They were not very noisy but heard

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Pluvialis dominica 22July Barrow, Alaska- one "wee wit wit wet" call and the usual "tu-lee" flight call. 4 seen in VOTH story and 3-4 near the W end (10 posts) of line III A-B. No evidence of breeding birds in this area. 23July A group of 4 in flight near the Brush Ridge and 4-5 feeding in thickly grassy flats on the ridge near USC+6S. Later 21 were seen scattered on the W end of the marsh feeding primarily in sat. areas with fairly dense (55%) grass cover 2-4 inches high, 1 or 2 on the weasel road. 2 were seen on the grassy flat near small pool in drained part of the marsh. All seen were silent and were in mottled breeding plumage; none acted like they were with young. 24July A flock of 18+ just south of line IIIA in rather dry raised polygonized area. The birds were moderately spooky and feed primarily on the grassy polygons rather than in troughs. They were fairly quiet. The two at 600 line appears to have moved down to the creek and 1 or 2 other pairs were seen in this area, all quite noisy, as if they had young out of the nest. None of the chicks were seen by me. 25July Several small (4-5) groups of plovers and one of about 13 seen in area South of Ikravik as well as a few birds that appeared to have young. Two chicks accompanied by a pair were seen in a dryish, grassy area of light center polygons west of Ikravik, well above the wet grassy area. The chicks were quite small.

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P. De Benediht 1965 Plovialis dominica 26 July Barrow, Alaska - one in a dry field in A vortlana. 27 July about 4 out in the low grass near a pool's edge in Central marsh and 3 or dry, low relief polygons east of ATCS. 4 in the wet lake plains near lines VII; very little plower noise, and all looked like transients. 29 July A pair which acted like they had groomed (I saw by Hamilton) between lines V+VI on Pitelka's census plot and other on a polygonized area near lines X+XI. A group of 4 near Wohlschlag trough and a flock of 45+ seen flying towards the point along Elson bypass, circling as if to land, as it came by, and calling loudly, the common note is the "wee-awit-wit-wee" note.

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Pluvialis dominica 30 day Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska. Scattered birds were seen in the dunes along the Meade from the village to 4 Km. N of camp, and later in the day they were seen in camp. The first seen was flushed from the dunes, 1 Mile N of camp and joined by 2 more + a Black bellied Plover. One of the latter Golden Plovers was singing and giving the butterfly song. 3 were seen in a dune together, but one bird soon chose another, away, and at least 4 were seen in the 3 to 4 km North polygonal dunes N of camp, where two or three songs were seen. 3 were feeding with two Turnstones along the creek near the village about 12:30. Birds seen between 10 and 11 were feeding on semi-stabilized dunes, where considerably patches of sand were exposed. They seem to prefer the areas where Dryas, hedrum, and ?Geranium (Stellaria) from dense low mats or patches of moss and lichen, and where there was willow grass. Those in the polygonal areas seem to choose the areas pretty free of grass but which were well drained. One bird was collected and immediately injected with formalin. It had been seen to make 4-6 feeding motions before I shot it; all, as did all the other birds, sing a double pecker. One sleeping about a Mile S of camp and about 8 migrants (3,2,2,1) seen in this area after 11 PM.

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Ploceialis dominicae -2 31 May Weacle River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska. There are more about now and they seem to be paired already. Very vocal, especially in the early A.M. There were at least 6 feeding along the creek near the village in very open spots, where they feed in typical fashion. They are widespread, about sand and 2 or 3 pairs seem to be established. The only reason they feed in grassy areas here is because grass is not abundant. They do select out places, where the vegetation is low and the crowns of Cassiope and Dryas-Ledum seem to be preferred. All are feeding in well drained bit pegen areas. A few birds, in 1's, 2's, and 3's flying about in the evening. 1 June little change from yesterday. Birds are actually going to and fro but little migration is evident. Most seem to be paired. Little song flight, but lots of ground calls and songs. They feed almost anywhere the tundra is exposed and not densely grown to fuel sedge and grass. When 3 or 4 birds get together, one generally chases the odd bird away, but loose groupings of 6 to 8 birds are present near the village. 2 June There seem to be fewer birds about - only two pairs in camp, 3 or 4 birds along the creek, none on the clearer N of the village, and 1 pair in the polygonal area north of these. They seem now to perfect the island but moderately grassy area

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Pluvialis dominica - 3 2 June Mleecle River Coal Mine, 157025'W, 70029'N, Alorba where there is a good moss cover to the pond, little courtship activity evident this date, and most of the birds seem to be pairs of brightly and a mottled colored birds. There was a pair near the census plot and two of these which seemed to be checking the bare spots appearing on the trees covered flats - occ. out in the under. Several were displaying over the leaves on the shrubs of the Mleecle S of camp in the evening, and scattered birds, prob. in part local birds, were going through camp most of the afternoon and evening- no large groups seen anywhere today. 3 June Birds not conspicuous today. Two along the creek seem to spend most of the times W of the village. Shot at and prob. killed a 4, which flew off strongly. Only birds seen flying rapidly by S of camp along the river in the evening and with sign of the birds in camp. 4 June All birds present appear to be paired. They feed out in an open dry, but undisturbed areas more than to calidinium and are fairly alert. Bird food much like robins, pecking at food items but occasionally probing at stubbary food articles. A few chases but no song-flights seen. Local birds still in camp. 5 June The birds about camp present mostly by de Cozamizan. Very little in evidence away from camp, only 3-4 pairs seen, usually in flight. They are not on the ridges as

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Pluvialis dominica -4 5 June Meracle River Coal Mine, 152°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska best I can tell best on the many covered flats and slopes near the lake basin, where they feed out in open areas. Out two occasion I saw a plain brown longspur feeding near them 6-7 occasions, until the longspurs flew, and then stood quietly. little song flight or noise, all birds seen were evidently paired. 6 June The local birds feeding around camp, now mostly by the CO2 warrian. the river bluff now being used by a♀ Black belly as yesterday. little song flight. Birds near the village creek as usual. About the only difference in this area is that the Black bellies are are dryer, high polygonal areas, while the Golden are on flat wet to saturated areas. No evidence of interaction between the two species. 7 June little in evidence, mostly near the village and by camp. 8 June Only one♂ S of camp, near Fried creek. Near the village several ♀'s present and possibly a few non-settled birds going by. After one short chore saw a prolonged song flight, one of the few I have recently. A couple of its on Village ridge. The species remains quite scarce here, and mostly localized along the river. They now seem to be in the smaller places than the Black bellies.

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Ploviialis dominica -5 9 June Mecelle River Cool Mine, 15°02'5"W, 78°02'9"N. Alaska None near camp in the AM and only 1-2 f's along the creek. A T on the village plot, and a close followed by a flight song seen there. Saw them out in a shallow Carr pond for the first time today, and judging from Barrow last year, this will become more common. Now the best areas are 8-11/12 moist slopes going into the lake basins and streams. A couple of pairs (much display) in the lake basin W of the census plot and one went by loosely associated with Red Phalaropes. 10 June Mostly near the village. A T by south creek. Not at all noisy. 18 June A T heard near south creek about noon. Nine seen. Very obscure. 12 June A T by the 1st lake up U Waye creek. At least 2 and possibly 3 T's near the census plot and a little song flight observed. Fairly quiet. They are out in the damp moany flat where the ground is hummocky, and not on the ridges any more. 16 June A couple of pairs along the North part of L. Agassiz and 25' and at on the census plot. A little song 8.5/1. 17 June One pair at the south part lake Iturwale, more conspicuous by lake Agassiz, where two-3 pairs present. 19 June Female nest with 4 eggs on the census plot As expected it was out in the open, dark rufous-colored

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Pluvialis dominica 19 June Meade River Coal Mine, 15°25'W, 70°29'N, Alberca area near 1/6. The ? gave a weak distraction display when I approached the nest but didn't sit until I was 160 m. away. Saw several lone birds flying rapidly along the river early this in A.M. 20 June A pair by lake Itkunkuake on the lower arc around. 19 June A group of 4 birds on the bluffs on the far side of the Meade 2 mi. S of camp first appeared chasing a jaeger. Later, when I started after a climber, they all came in and scolded, but remained together without fighting, often 3 birds with nurse square gend. Stuck two, both with breast patches, the ? having laid a complete clutch. ? An early flake of non-breeding or post-breeding birds. 20 June A pair by lake Itkunkuake and the village dinner as usual. 21 June One or two lone birds flying rapidly south along the river. The ? was on the nest when I checked it and the ? not around. Both birds feeding in a marsh 200 m. S of it. A 2 ? pair in the area of the last row of the plot and to the south of it. When a pair of L-T. jaegers flew over the nest in the afternoon, the parent flew up and attacked the jaegers, successfully driving them away from the vicinity of the nest. 23 June One ? seen out in the centre of the SW part of lake Agassiz, feeding on a Sphagnum island. 25 June ? incubating the nest on its census plot in the afternoon. One near the CO2 warning sign saw an

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Pluvialis dominica 26 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°39.N, alarm display like I had a nut but I couldn't find anything - it attracted all the other shorebirds in the area, though. 27 June The only one seen on the far side of the meadow was in the upland, polygonal area. The bird gave a distraction display when I approached, then flew off. couldn't find a nest. 28 June A incubating nest on carrion plot. The terns try to sneak off, in a crowd, and there conal birds any give a distraction display when I approach. The display involves dropping the wings and tail, fluffing the back, and running off. The wings are more open than the calidris and its nose cell is absent. 29 June Very scattered and only cone birds seen, one near the 1st lake on voltage creek and one near the last big lake visited. No much good lichen patches for them to rest on. 30 June The 7 incubating in the A.M. Two others seen in the area. No near the Coal Black Willet, though they nest in the same habitat - enough to go around.

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Pluirdi dominica 1 July Needle River Coal Mine, 15°02'5"E, 70°29'N, Alaska One on the dunes near lake Ikwakaw. 4 July One near the '1 post of the census plot much out of place, but otherwise no evidence of transient but strong distraction display from the pair south of the census plot about 100 m. from the plot, in some rather heavily lichen-grown dunes between nearly dry Eriophorum pools. There was a little Eriophorum here on the dunes, but the general appearance was that of the Cornicularia-Cetaria flat. Couldn't find a nest. The 3rd still on the nest, as 3 July. Didn't see them anywhere else, except on Snell ridge - ? some on the 3rd by the census plot. 5 July Not seen on the plots opposite S Flat. Possibly the major habitat is the large quiescent area, of Carex pools and Eriophorum-Cetaria-Cornicularia, with Blackberries occupying the ridge. 6 July The 3rd incubating the nest on the census plot, eggs not pipped. The 3rd from the 3rd to the south on the plot briefly, giving alarm calls. 7 July One giving alarm calls from the Eriophorum flat near the dunes opposite South Creek. 8 July One egg of the pair on the census plot has a small dole, the others are cracked. Only one bird in the area, which now gives a poor distraction display. 9 July The nest still in the process of hatching about 10 d.p.

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Pluvialis dominica 9 July Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°24'N, Alaska One egg was nearly spawned up and the others were punctured. The 2 was an and gave a distraction display; the 3 came in and gave alarm calls but no distraction display. Didn't see the other birds, except the 8 briefly on the plot. 11 July Something going on. There is probably 1 more pair towards South creek beyond those by the census plot, the birds cooing in the Eriophorum between the Lost Lake and the ridge. Got much alarm from golden flowers near the 3-egg brook nest and then alarm from the plot near the 5-3 marker. Couldn't tell what was going on. ? a different pair or the same bird moving about to meet me. The 2 nesting on the plot seem to have moved into this Eriophorum area towards between the lakes by the plot, and the nest empty. In the evening this pair still in the area. Didn't look for chicks. A pair we saw near the 4,2 marker, the 3 giving the "to see du lee" call; heard a "fweelee" call from a second bird and saw the 7 sitting. Went to the area and found two chicks, which sat tight enough we could step on claw. They were in wet Eriophorum, where it seems to be taking over from Carey marsh; the moss is saturated but no standing water, and this area about 1/2 Eriophorum. Much Eriophorum.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Charadrius Mongolicus 30 June Barrow, Alaska ~ found a single plover out in central marsh which I could not recognize. It was 1st seen on a ridge out in the marsh in fair light and when I got to about 80 feet away it got up and flew to the Beach Ridge and landed on a table where I could see it against a dark bare ground; as I approached it jumped up and landed with a group of Golden Plovers and I could see it against the sky; when I approached further it got up and flew out into the marsh where I lost it. I never got closer than about 80-100 feet. It was clearly a plover, smaller than a Golden (larger than a Semipalmated (about the size of a Pintail)), and its bill was proportionally the same size as a Golden Plover and appeared thin. Basically it was uniform dark sandy brown or grayish-brown and ventrally it was white except for a dull buffy-gray band across the breast, wider on the sides than medially. It had a black line through the eye but I didn't notice any other markings; in flight it showed a fairly strong, slant wing stripe and the sides of its tail (outer rectrices) were lighter than the centers of the tail; the rump was apparently somewhat lighter than the back so it looked white-rumped the 1st but not the other 2 times I saw fly. The only call I heard was a roll rather like the display note of a Dowitcher. Went back in the afternoon to try and get it but Dr. P. Telka missed; it is only slightly larger than a Phalarope and the breast band appeared buffier; its bill was black, as noted in the am, and its legs also appeared to be black.

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Charadrius semipalmatus 21 June Barrow, Alaska - a lone bird was heard and seen on a polygon top behind the animal hut about 1100 AH. It remained for one ½ hour, was in good plumage and was not seen to feed. 23 June Single bird in good plumage was seen in the barrel area behind the terminal hut about 100 ft from the above observation. The bird was silent & was not seen to feed.

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P. DeBenedicts 1965 Limosa haemastica 28 June Barrow, Alaska - found one out in Micomet Marsh about 11. It was feeding in a shallowly flooded area with Pectoral Sandpipers and Red Phalaropes and / Dowitcher. It was 15' from flying and landed close to me and began calling a high pitch "ka wick ka wick hawik..." sometimes going into a "wirk wirk wirk..." It fed in heavy cuttings and inserted its bill deeply into the ground. In the afternoon when we went out it was with a group of Golden Plovers and was silent. Collected by Dr. P. Kelha. It was only slightly bulkier than a Golden Plover and was deep reddish chestnut vertically, brown above and grayish on the throat and face; its wings and tail were quite black and the white stood out sharply; the black wing lining was quite noticeable.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Arneria interepes 9 June Barrow, Alaska - in a gravel pit by the animal shelter I saw first 8 and latter 11 individuals of this species, showing a bright red cell pattern. The bright birds were quite aggressive although they remained together in flock; while watching two additional birds came in, landed with the group + then flew off into the tundra. 10 June 8 birds only were in the gravel pit area. They are quite aggressive but remain to gether; the dis plays involve a hunched posture with much body feather exciton + a slightly bowed tail and a decked, upright alarm posture. In the evening at least 3 birds were seen in exposed patches of tundra, near the CRELL feet. 11 June Now only 3 birds in the Animal shed area; only 2 out on the Tundra near Family Lagoon. 12 June Saw 3 along the NE side of Family Lagoon in a group and 1 along the shore line near the channel to the lagoon. No display. 13 June a few of the birds seen along Family Lagoon appear to be initiating display + territorial behavior. 14 June a few, scattered birds along the shore of Elson Lagoon. 17 June about 4-8 pairs between the South Salt + Family Lagoon. The turns objects with the bill as in the wirles, resulting in a strange feeling notion. Saxon on a mound top flipping over for paper and 4 or 5 twins birds feeding in flooded troughs where they really throw thrum around. In flight one of two birds in perchase gives a [illegible].

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Arenaria interpres 17 June Barrow, Alaska - Flare like "chewit chewit chewit," and on the ground a series of notes "cut cut cut" after breed or migration. They are not as social the other shorebirds, being more spread out over the tundra. Also Saw one chase a Sandplover feeding nearby in a trough area. 18 June Two swift seen in the Barrow area, fly about, one giving the "cut cut cut" call but no marked display other than a slower than usual wingbeat 19 June There appeared to be more birds in the area between S and S. Salt hogoon; heard the usual assortment of calls and saw several feeding in saltus low, wet areas throwing mud aside and apparently taking, food from below the surface. Close inspection of areas where they had been feeding showed that they were ripping up the snowy cover to the tundra to get to the food below. 20 June There were more birds present in this above area than yesterday and some are clearly social. All birds seen feeding were in wet low situations and feed in turnstone fashion. 21 June A flock of 8 was seen flying in the W over S part of S. Salt hogoon and it continued on our M. Salt hogoon out of sight. Scattered birds on the west, around yesterday were almost entirely absent; and heard few vocalizations.

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R. De Benedictis 1965 Araniace interspers 22 June Barrow, Alaska - there appeared to be somewhat more settled birds due the Britton's Area region but no flakes seen. Birds fed in wet areas by turning over cuttings and somewhat ripping into the moss below; the patches of moss exposed appear to be about 2x4 inches size; birds seem to catch something in the turning motion but also appear to peck in the newly exposed area. 23 June Birds seem to day seemed more interested in flying over than doing anything else. Present close to ARL. 24 June Single bird seen in flight Today in the AM in the area visited yesterday. Birds seen near Elson 25 June Scattered pairs were seen almost everywhere today but very little vocalization was heard considering how much they usually make. 26 June A very Noisy pair heard in the W part of Holme's Marsh and a pair still at the Animal hub. 27 June Still two by the animal hub. Found a nest with 4 eggs in the Voth area, located on a rather bare area Nest A.I. (high polygon). The eggs were dark shiny olive quills a bit brighter than their background. The Ternstone was seen to fly off the nest to attack a jaeger which flies over, and no distraction display 28 June Very inconspicuous air this area from the hub to Gasline Ridge.

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P. DeBenedicts 1965 Artemaria inter pres 29 June Barrow, Alaska - a flock of 5 was seen flying over the Britton's Area and 2 near Micronet Marsh. Didn't check the nest pond yesterday. 30 June A group of 3 seen in Central Marsh flipping our cuttings on sphagnum on a weed track. Very scarce otherwise. 2 July All birds seen in group; a pair diving at jaegers in the S part of Central Marsh. 4 July The pair whose nest I'd found was busily cleaning jaegers this morning and again in the evening. The I did most of the cleaning, flying and occasionally butting any jaeger which might pass over its territory. The jaegers sometimes objected by swerving out of the way but sometimes, particularly when they were in a chase, they seemed to ignore the turnstone. 6 July at least two pairs along Elson lagoon but no nests seen, and one pair in Central Marsh. 8 July The nest I had found was empty on the late A.M. and none were seen in the area. 10 July A flock of 6 seen flying noisily along the edge of Elson lagoon going north. A pair along the lagoon aggressively attacked any jaegers that came near but didn't sit on a nest. 11 July A small group headed along the lead in the evening. 15 July One heard near the CRATH shack. 16 July a pair along Elson lagoon 17 July la 2 heard in flight west of NORTH slough.

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Areuavia interpes 27 May Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'W, Alaska One male plumage bird seen near the village. Only times I saw it on the ground it was on oil drums. Prob. staying with longiga. [?83] Three seen sleeping on a exposed sandy-dryas gram area behind a small hummock out of the wind. They flew off along the Meade when I approached. All the birds seen were noisy while in flight. 29 May 5 birds, apparently all 1st, seen in the village, perched on top of an old hide-covered tent- building, and feeding on a trampled rough grassy area in the village. Not checked closed. They were fairly noisy. 30 May 3 birds together in the village. Long bird came in with them. One later flushed from clump N of the village, but couldn't tell where it came from. When I came back about noon, a 1st was feeding in the sandy dryas flats along the creek. They were so shy I couldn't get near enough to see how they fed. The areas they utilized has much exposed sand. 31 May There are at least 4 birds near the village, but they are so shy I can't tell what they are doing. Quite noisy. They feed with Plowers (or vice versa) and Dunlin in open pools. One feeding on a worn polygon route of coup in the afternoon appears to be "clinging" vigorously with the bill, but it is hard to tell what they are doing, because they are so shy.

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Arenaria interpres 1 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska At least 8 birds are now around the village, including several 4s. They feed with dunlin and Golden plovers and remain as shy as ever. They seem to strike pretty much to areas free of vegetation. 2 June 4 birds (2♂?) near the village along the creek, flipping about noisily and scaring away all the "peep" before I can get to them. Saw one chase a dunlin a short distance. Can't tell what they are doing, but when they feed they vigorously jab into the ground. There were two pairs near the wind-blown dunes 1½ mi N of camp. A pair feeding in the dunes was flipping sand vigorously, and a pair which had been resting on the dunes was chased to a low polygon mound where they feed in sparsely grass between tufts of grass. The only display noted was a hunched posture that seems to be common to most shorebirds, in aggressive encounters. These birds were a little more approachable than most individuals have been. A few wanderers near the village in the evening and no change in behavior. 3 June Finally got one of these bruggers, belt it's not going to help much. 4 pair about. They seem to be paired and usually fly about in twos. They feed mostly on very distributed ground. The one I got had been feeding on a mound of coal, with a little hay on it, where sled dogs had been kept about 4 days ago. They are noisier whenever they move about. The by"census plot" in the Bk

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Arenarie interpes 3 June Pleade River Coal Mine, 1570 25'W, 70°39'N, Alaska. I saw 17 birds near the village, where they are now more widespread than before, and still feeding in disturbed areas. Saw one fight between two the first males. The two were chasing each over, then one landed (or nearly landed) on the snow and the other affected it, the two birds fleeting on the snow bank. Then one bird broke free and was chased by the other, which turned back after 20-30 feet. The only calls heard were the "chu-it chu-it chu-it" calls, much subdued. 5 June Turnstones were located only near the village, where 6-7 birds present. One seen - 2 after a 3rd bird - was seen. 6 June Only two of certainly in camp now. Some chasing and a little posturing seen. A shambled aggressive posture characteristic of clilidrines seen in 2 to 3 chases, preceded by a "forward-like" display very briefly in one instance, before an aerial chase with a flight. They seem to have gone to actual contact with a minimum of display, except vocal, in aggressive situations. They are actively garbage feeding the village, The only area they are now regularly present. [illegible] "forward" Munchool poster

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Arenaria interpres 7 June Weede River Coal Mine, 159°25'W, 70°24'N. Alaska were in camp again today, when they are feeding on garbage etc. Looking the camp, actually see very little feeding but they tend to be inactive when I am around. They are mostly paired. Saw one fight involving calls and the bumbled partner. Seldom see them away from the village, though occ. one wanderer camp. 8 June People moved into the village and apparently a pair some birds have moved out. Now in the vicinity of South creek and another on village ridge, where they feed rather seminal sandpaper (in exposed sandy areas. Nothing for them to turn back. The common, all purpose (? warning or alert) call is: chu wait chutututute. 9 June Birds still feeding in disturbed areas by the village, usually on coal piles or in tangled Elymus near by. Noisy and some chasing seen. 10 June 2 on the census plot feeding in its sand drier areas from 1,1 to 1,2 11 June a few seen near the village. 17 June Only one seen by the village. 20 June One seen in a mainly barley post on the village pole. Probably only 1 pair here now. 26 June One on a sphagnum dyke in one of the laths W of the census plot in the afternoon. 27 June A nest with 4 [illegible] found on a Cornicularia-

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Areneavis interper 27 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157925'W, 70929'N, Block Cetariae associata. The bird flushed at some distance from the nest, and never gave a distraction display. The nest was linear with Haemarica and Cetaria (nivalis). The 3 incubated while I watched in the early morning. 30 June A pair is certainly nesting in the plots W of the N Lake by the centre plot. Couldn't find the nest and the birdy gave no clue at all. They do feed on the Curricularia fleet a little, and when the silver pair I found, are close to a Black-belly planer - mutual warning? They vigorously attack Colocas quells and Paracorte jaques that go over the area. See C. pusillus 4 July The 3 still near the Black-belly nest by the centre plot, scolding when I get in this area but not co-operative in nest finding at all. They are feeding on the peels a little, bred one brick spent some time out in the wrinkle. One feeding near a Caribou carcass on South Ridge. 5 July 3 seen flying over a Carry area near the dunes at the S-bows of Do Places in the evening. 8 July One of the birds near the Black belly nest came out to scold near the N end of the Curricularia plot and followed me nearly to the centre plot across the lake. The other bird were in the Eriophorus fleet between the two lakes. Found an empty nest cup of this species type in the curricularia along the

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P. de Beede 1966 Arenault interper 8 July Meade River Coal Mine, 15°25' W, 78°29' N, Blacker [illegible] sects of Loo Lake. They appear to have chicks, but I haven't tried looking for them. 11 July There was one turnstone along the Southwast lake by Speed ridge in the Euphane flat and a pair in mixed Euphane - Cave near the 6,6 marks of the census plot. Both scolded loudly. One bird followed me from here across the census plot to the 1,2 marks, scolding all the time. Not on the Curriculare flat, so I assume they are the birds, and that they have breached the shields at this fan.

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Calidris alba 15 June Barrow, Alaska - about 1730 saw a single bird. I 15' was watching a Baird Sandpiper, then this beast jumped out, landed fell, and then took off for about 100 yards, going up to about 10 feet hovering over the wind and flying like a Spotted Sandpiper with a quick, stiff wing beat. It bore for 1-2 minutes, so far off I couldn't tell against the wind if it was making any noise, then dove down towards the animal hut, still flying stiff-winged and I lost it to sight. About 3 minutes later a Baird's Sandpiper came whizzing by, the Sandpiper in hot pursuit, flying silently; the Bairds landed and the sandpiper went past about 5 feet to an exposed mound of soil and fed. I then lost all to sight. When I got to the animal hut there was a Sandpiper, alone, feeding along the edge of a mud pond, in gravel, sometimes in and sometimes out of its water. It appeared between feeding motions and appeared to get something each time I went through a series of feeding motions; it took food from the surface or near the surface, at most slicking the terminal quarter of its bill into the gravel, and often appeared to be crushing large prey items in the beak with a rapid series of motion as if it were jabbing, which was often clearly not the case. It eventually flew off, flushing a second shorebird of uncertain identity

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P. DeBeuditi 1965 Calidris albus 16 June Barrow Alaska: - Skinned a birds shot near where I saw the bird yesterday. It had a fully unmodified skull and had a very prominent sternal keel in spite of the fact the feather tracts were well supplied with fat and there was no body molt. 17 June at least 14 birds were present in the area between South Salt & Family lagoon, this figure obtained from a flock of 7 seen flying over + then flushing a 2nd group of 7 on the ground from the area over which they flew; they were in various states of transition from summer to winter plumage but did not seem to be in much molt. Heard only the "kit" note and a harsher "kut" from birds flying about and no displays. Feeding was similar to the bird seen June 15 and variable as to location. These are probably migratory birds and it will be surprised if they stay around. Largest group seen together was 7. 19 June Saw two birds together on two occasions in the area where we saw them June 17 but no evidence that they are territorial. They were active in feeding and took most prey with short probing motions: They were not as noisy as yesterday. 20 June Only 3 observations of single birds in this area today, but possibly all of different kinds. Only heard #1 call note "k.t."

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Calidris albes 14 June Barrow, Alaska - The Sanderlings seems to be at it this year again, in the Barrow Area. 3 birds flew up from a grassy area about 1/2 way out; I soon disappeared, went the other two were involved in a long fight, which began as a low chase over the ground about 3 feet up. The pursuing bird called "tsoiq tsioig tsioig....", a low barely audible (from 20 feet) call. The birds landed and one went into a pronounced hunched like the Semipale. I saw on the Cenway prof. at Pleasle River, and would alternate chase with two jump on the 2nd bird, which seemed to be fighting birds. The object of contact seemed to be to jump on the back of the opponent and grab it by the nape, occasionally pecking at the opponent's head. When one bird had had enough, it flew off (after 3-5 minutes of fighting) and then came back about 2-3 minutes later for a 2nd fight about half a minute long. Here, a chase with the pursuing bird giving a rapid "tsoiq" call. They landed about 50 feet apart this time, and no more fighting was seen. The "tsoiq" call is rather semipale like, and the fighting is probably characteristic of many of the calidines. [illegible] aggressive hunched posture

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris pusilla 10 June Baurus, Alaska - two birds were seen near a gravel-tundra area near the hab area; one was 1st seen flying in and when I went over 2nd bird flushed from along a puddle and flew off a short distance. I then located 3rd bird near a large puddle in the gravelled area. One of the birds went into a display flight quite like the flight song of a snipe (capella), but neither bird seemed to be attached to the area as both left after I had disturbed them. 11 June at least 9 birds were present in the area checked yesterday, mostly in pairs a groups of 3, a few singles and the groupings quite stable. Saw the "snipe"= "motorpal" display several times, the birds circling with the wings in a V d. bediab, the primaries open, and accompanied by a pulsatory call; the birds general flop stiffly a glide in a arc while giving this and often when 2 birds are together only one shows the display; the whole thing reminds me very much of a vocal display of the Snipe seen in lots Way at Bridgeport this year. 12 June Only one in the Barrel area. There were between 15+20 birds along the VSTH (W) side of Family Logoon. Still groups of 3-5 birds but many singles and a few pairs. Little display but this likely due to the weather. Bird shows a pronounced tendency to feed in highly disturbed, loose ground or between clumps of grass thereon and pecked almost exclusively. Little display.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris pusilla 13 June Barrow, Alaska - there were at least 6 birds in the panel area today, including a few birds giving the flight song, but little ground display was seen. Saw 3 birds together giving the flight song. Only three side Family polygon around the same, fewer individuals evident than yesterday and only a little flight display. Animal appears to perch more than anything else and tend to feed in bare, highly disturbed areas. 14 June Only a few birds seen in the raised areas along Elson hogon. 1 or 2 flight songs seen. 15 June no change from yesterday; few birds in the panel area. 16 June one seen flying by the AAAC3 area in the A.H., and two rather silent birds by Elson hogon in the afternoon 17 June almost no display today, but some cool-sounding vocalizations heard as birds flew around. Very scarce now compared to June 12-13. 18 June Considerable display late in the day near the outer part of the panel area. The display differs from the other Calidris (esp. Bairdi) in that the bird goes rather quickly into the "tuck tuck tuck" motor boat displays without any other finalized vocalization; they generally glide with the wings in a V and the other call notes are not as grating as the other "peep". Still seen several 0's together.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris pusilla 19 June Barrow, Alaska - one was seen flying Ealbych Beach Ridge in the morning and 3-15 pairs were seen near the Voth area in the afternoon. The arrival display was given frequently, consisting of a rapid beat usually low flight up to 20 ft. with the motor-boat given constantly. Two birds (together along the edge of a trough with standing water) were watched for a couple of minutes as the smaller fed in the water and the larger stood on a polygon near by; both gave short (6-10 notes) series of tr-tr-tr--- notes like the flight song, the notes of the smaller bird being deeper. They called antiphonally. After this a third bird, which had been with a 4th in a similar area flew in giving the flight display call, landed and went into a "wing out" display similar in form to C. paudi's and chased the 1st small bird. All these took flight but the larger soon landed and the others went into a prolonged chase involving the aerial display. The "wing out" posture was: [sketch of two birds] Later saw two birds together feeding at the edge of a small puddle; 2 others in a chase nearby, giving the motor-boat call, came to about 10 feet away and the smaller after two birds by the

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P. De Buedili 1965 Calidris pusilla 19 June Bayou, Alaska - went to two rapid wing ups, raising only one wing, and alternating wings near the large bird on the paddle. The posture was similar to the "wing out" except that the wing was held higher up. and the motion of the wing was more discreet. the wing was held up less than 1 second. Apt glimpses on one interaction that may have been either a nest cup or a copulation but the birds were hidden in the grass, and no cup could be found. 20 June Saw considerable ground display, involving a tail up with the wings dropped and a wing up as seen yesterday, possibly these being incomplete versions of the single display. It is much more ritualized than I thought and can be given by a still bird although usually seen in chases. Saw one or two wing outs, and heard and saw many flight songs. 21 June Birds were moderately vocal, primarily flight display and ground "trilling". Saw 4-5 ground displays, 1 wing up and 3 "tail ups", in which the stance is and the tail call is given, close to a 2nd bird; didn't see any attempts at copulation. and no sign of nests.

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P. De Benedictis 1965 Calidris pusillus 22 June Barrow, Alaska - this was the noisiest of the shorebirds seen today, but most vocalization was the trill given on ground displays. The flight call seems to be an abrupt "chink chink" and the aerial song is deeper than any of the ground calls. A ma?nest cup display was on the crest of a low polygon ridge about 2-3 feet from a ?s. It flew to the spot and landed with a wing-up then went into the posture : [sketch of bird] and called "tr-tr-tr..." continuously. It did not move and the ? did not appear to be interested; after about 5 seconds the ? got up and began to feed. Several birds saw seemed concerned about my presence but I could find no nests. One feeding, apparently watching me with one eye at the ground with [illegible] when it ran into a wire about 1/4" off the ground tripped. 23 June Saw 2 ?s in pursuit of a ?, all three landed in a tufted patch of grass (a old herm?ing nest) and the 2?s then got up and flew away, giving the motor boat. When Sampson probe they do so in very soft substrates, preferring to peck when the soil is more firm.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris pusilla 25 June Barrow, Alaska - When the 4 flushed from the nest she flew with the tail down & spread, the white on the sides of its tail conspicuous and went into a brief distraction display when she landed. 26 June Barrow, Alaska - not much in evidence near Dr. Pitelka's pannes plot. In the evening Bob Hamilton and I found 2 nests in the Bavel area behind the Animal hut, each located along the edge of a polygon in relatively high dead grass and each with 2 eggs. The 4s attending have a fluttering flight when approached and are very nervous when we get near the nest but both went back on when we were only about 40 ft away. 27 June Hamilton and I found 4 more nests today, two in the Bavel area, each with 4 eggs, and 2 in the Woth area, each with 4 eggs; Nest 1,3+4 are unchanged and nest 2, which Hamilton found yesterday, has 4 eggs. We saw 4 birds together on one occasion but believe them to be nesting pairs which are located well away from the areas in which they are now feeding. The display seen on the ground but still short flight songs to be seen when 4s are disturbed. One strong distraction display was seen, the bird going off with the tail down and one wing dragging, when we nearly stood on its nest. 28 June The bird on Nest 5 flew off giving a strong distraction display (next page) and activity was near Nest 3 in the Arka P.H. Seen only single birds near the nests but pairs

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P. De Benedick 1965 Calidris pusilla 28 June Baudro Alarby - (cont.) are not unusual near the feeding area. Saw two males "court displaying" over Micomet Marsh and still a few birds permit near Nest 3. The distraction display involves a crouch, the wings folded but dropped and the tail down but spread. The bird looks back over its side as it goes off and calls a high pitched descending "weezaah" lasting about 1/3 of a second repeatedly. 29 June Found 3 new nests today, two near Br.Hon's area along VOTH Creek with 2 eggs each and one with 3 eggs Nof Micomet Marsh. No change in the other nests except that Nest 3 now has 3 eggs and was attuned by a bird that gave a strong distraction display. There are probably 3-5 more pairs along the road in the VOTH-Britton's area and as many between the lab and Micomet Marsh. All seem to be paired. Saw a flock of 5 fly into the Marshy area by the FAA towers in the afternoon. Saw a mole worried about by pursuers stop and vigorously chase a Baird's on two occasions in Micomet Marsh, and the reverse in the VOTH area. 30 June Although the species was fairly numerous in Central Marshes they were not tightly flanked, and pairs were occasionally seen to leave "the group" and fly out

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P. De Benedichis 1965 Calidris pusilla 30 June Barrow, Alaska - or in from over the Beach Ridge. The birds stayed in rather disturbed areas and associated beachably with Rufous-necked and Western Sandpipers. I didn't check all nests and no change in these cheched - didn't see as many this time as yesterday. 1 July found 2 additional nests and discovered Birds Nest NEST 11-14 2 = Semipal Vest 14! No change in any nest in the E part of the Barrow area, all attended; the 15 two nests (3+6) only have single birds near them and I can't find this note; only one at 14 and 13, Nest 15 pairs at 12 and 13. McLean found another nest near 14, which I had been aware of earlier - and there are still birds to come! 2 July. The small group is still present in Central Barrow, probably in about the same numbers as June 30, but there was not as completely checked. I checked all the nests (except 5) in this area from the pub to Mirenet, seeing McLean's NEST 16 West and finding one more - they are not many to go now! There were enough Js to account for all nests except Nest 3, which seems to be occupied by a lone f. The situation around Nests 11-15 is confused as there sometimes appear to be too many Js. The males now often arise up as if to give this flight song but instead fly silently around (? the periphery of their territories). In this area there is not so much wandering as I had thought but the territories are large and it is easy to confuse pairs; never saw more than 3 together. Here were the above confusion was noted. Some birds sit very tight

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P. D. Benedict 1965 Calidris pusilla 2 July Barrow, Alaska, - going into a stery distraction display when I approach, while others jump off when I am 40-80 feet away and make no noise until they are well away from the nest. While birds are distributed they occ. fly over the nest as if to check the contents without giving it away. 4 July There was considerable activity of this species in the VOTH area, involving at least 3 and probably 4 Bards and 2 or 3 Turs. At one time 3 Turs were seen V-gliding together, and lone males were frequently seen V-gliding, either silently or giving a trill "tététété..." softer than the song, which was seen & heard 4 Turs in 5 minutes. 3 semipales feeding near a Baird's show some interspecific actions, involving 1 chase of the Semi's by the Baird's and 2-3 chases of the Baird's by the Semi's, the latter less successful as the Baird's finally left. On one occasion as the two approached the Bairds went into a partial double wing-up and the semipal went into a hunched posture and closed its Baird's away. I checked nests 4, 14, and 16, finding no change and only one bird at each. When I checked 14 the (? ) got off and went into a distraction display; I then checked Baird Nest 5, the 9 of which also went into a distraction display towards the Semipal. When the two came together the Semipal went into a partial double wing-up display

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris pusilla 4 July Barrow, Alaska - and began sharing the & Baird's which remained in a distraction display. The interactions between Baird's and Semipalmos are more than co-incidental but the territories of the two do overlap at least in part. 5 July I was shown another nest found near line IIIA on the evening of 4 July; it contains 4 eggs according to Wam. It occurs in an area where I thought birds were coming to fend off territory. I now wonder if nests won't eventually be found to accommodate most of the cases noted earlier, as seems to be happening behind the herd. One I saw in the evening got up and went into a long display flight with occasional songs that covered about 3/4 mile, and went over 5 marked nests, from trap line III to the VOTH area. There seem to be fewer of these in Central Marsh now and they were more conspicuous in VOTH though through only through the lack of Western in the area. 6 July a flock of 8 birds in the NE part of Central Marsh were the only ones seen. 7 July Made a complete check of the birds taken from the lab in the morning, which was greatly complicated by the presence of obviously transient individuals. I noted pairs at nests 4,16,15,12,13. Birds which I took to be M due to their short bills and a tendency to sing in drain giving a till were noted at Nests 5 and 14, and birds which I took to be Fs were noted at Nests 3 and 11. There was no change in egg

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P. De Benedictis 1965 Calidris pusillus 7 July Barrow, Alaska - number at any of the nests. There was a lone, extra bird (♀) between Nests 16+5, and extra ♂ between 4+5 and 15 and 12. Additional a flock of 9 flew in from Fresh Lake directly over Nest 5 (receiving no challenge) and landed in the uncropped area between Baird Posts 1 and 6; and at least 4 birds were present with 20 feet of Nests 15; one of these birds was challenged by a member of the pair (given a double wing-swing-up) but after this they were tolerated. This group plus a group of 3 seen in the weasel tracks going to the USGS shack were in company with 4 Pectorals. Two displays were heard and 3♂s were seen around nests 12+15 but otherwise they were fairly quiet. When nesting birds are flushed they often give a, slump, rough "tscherk" or "tscherek." When I disturbed the ♂ off nest 15 a jaeger which was attacking me saw her in the distraction display and flew down & tried to catch her; that particular would get up and fly only far enough to avoid the jaeger. The situation is but less complicated in the North Anna. I checked all the nests; saw no birds at Nest 2, one at Nests 1, 7, 9, 17 and 20, all of which were believed to be ♂s, and single ♂ (by song) at nests 10 and 18. Pairs were noted at 8 and 19, but at least they were only loosely associated. Additionally a group of 3♂s and a ♀ was seen between Nest 7-8 and 18, and a ♂ was seen west of Nest 7 across the weasel tracks. The bird on Nest 9 flew in to the nest from the head of the small streamlet near that nest. The ♂ at nest 19 displayed frequently

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P. De Benedich's 1965 Calidris pusillus 7 July Barrow, Alaska - as did males in the early spring, leading me to suspect it was of a recently established pair. The whole picture was complicated because it + another (2 others, one the 07/Post 8) P displayed together (to each other) on several occasions, and a 1P aerial display was seen on one occasion. See July 4. These "upstart Ps" have greatly troubled the 07 to Nest 8; a suspicious P was seen on the ground, in an alkit post- we, then it went into a tuill given the tail up and walked forward. The tuill, low of pitch and volume continued; the P went into a groy area and went into a nest up posture, the tail up, wings closed and heart to its ground, but no turning, then rose and continued the tuill. After a short time it stopped, then after an interval and hovered 8-12 feet up giving the "moto- boat" song for about 30 seconds, landed and went into the tail up and worked to Nest 8, trilling occa- sionally (once ½ ft from the nest) and sat. The whole procedure was done about 20 feet from the nest & the P was 10 feet away on the other side of the nest, 30 ft. from the P, and gave the short wildious tuill anxious birds after give. The nest contained 4 eggs when found June 27, and I am at a loss to explain all this, other than it must be worked by by the other birds in the area. July 8 A flock of at least 8 birds still in the area around 07/1-8 and a little display noted although I suspect the heavy wind depressed it quite a bit. Nest 20 still has 3 eggs but nest 19 has 3 too well, much

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris pusilla 8 July Barrow, Alaska - I suspected it would. The nests checked today were all unchanged in pair & egg status otherwise. 9 July Checked all nests for contents only in the BOOTH area, and all were unchanged from yesterday. Nest 2 appears to have been abandoned. Little song or evidence of many flocks in the area; fair number were seen in Footpits lake. 10 July A flock of 12 birds was seen along the W side of Central Marsh and scattered individuals, probably, parts of pairs were seen near the Meadow Lakes, near the USC&GS shore and along Elson Bayon. No song. 11 July Nest 1 still eggs and Nest 19 still 3 eggs; none seen in the Kroatik region. 12 July most of the nests were checked today, see nests sheets for data. No flocks seen. 13 July The nests in the BOOTH area were checked but no change in any. a group of 3 near Nest 17. 14 July Nest 21 has 4 eggs as noted before and only one bird was seen in the area. The nest is well hidden in grass. A 4 egg nest was found where the weasel road crosses the Beach ridge in heavy grow and was attended by both birds at least yesterday. No flocks seen in the morning. Two seen near him I+II

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Calidris pugnax 15 July Barrow, Alaska. Nests 6,16, 5, 14, 15 and, according to Hamilton, 1 were empty with no birds about this morning. Nest 3 q 12, and 13 were as usual, attended by a lone (?) & , this curtain from the long bid of the bird at 3, and a & was seen at Nest 11. A 3 egg nest attended by a & was found west of Nest 15 and a 4 egg nest at the S end of the parcels in the haul area, attended by a lone bird. Two old birds were seen, one east of Nest 22 where the gasoline goes off to the pool site and one between Nests 6 and 23, which did not give the appearance of being tied down (the other gave a distraction display then landed on the gasolin). No traces of any other birds found despite careful search. See C. baudii. 16 July Bird sh//on nest 22. 17 July Went to the VOTK area and checked a few nests and found a new 4-egg nest which appeared to be attended by a &. Nests 7,8 and 18 were empty, Nest 19 with 3 eggs and the & present. A pair of semipals was found about 75 feet E of Nest 7, with 2 chicks and one was heard near Nest 18 but couldn't be found. a & with 2 chicks was found about ½ mile W of Pest 7 across the weasel road and clearly represents a nest not found earlier (2 semipals were seen in the area before the chicks were found). The latter bird may have had more young as it flew from one area where 2 chicks were seen to an area where I thought I heard young operating. It was wary and was not seen to brood the young.

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Colidius pusillus 17July Brown, Alaska - when a jaeger flew over the area the adult would fly up to 20-35 feet close to the jaegers and circle giving a call not the motor boat song, and when it landed it would fly to two areas when I suspected young to be. The "tochov" note may be a warning note to the young, and the chicks saw crowded somewhat clumsily to the adult colour it gave a series of low, soft, short trills "nu nu nu". The other chicks could move fairly well and the f was very excited when I caught one to photograph it. They crouched only once and ran when I got to within 6-7 feet. Hamilton said either nest 11a12 is butilinig (1 egg, 1 piped, 1 chick - but plot Nest 12 with one chick out). Nest 1 was had 2 chicks and 1 egg. I went here again about 7 and found the same - 1 chick in, 1 about 1 foot away and 1 egg - I took 1 photo and ran out of film; went back to the lab, reloaded the camera and returned to find 3 adults in the area and both chicks out. Eventually both chicks and a brooding parent were found and photographed on the nest and the odd adult disappeared. Nest 6 butilied and 1+ adult in the area but no chicks saw. 19July Nest 13 hatched, the young as the nest. When the brod jaegers flew by the adults towered and circled, often coming close to the jaeger. A pair which acted like they had young were found just east of the weaved wool from tree. 20July Nest 3 was empty and there was at least one adult fairly far from the nest in the area.

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P. De Benedick's 1965 Calidris pusilla 21 July Barrow, Alaska - a pair found along the gravel road west of Nest 5 was alarmed by my presence but did not appear to have ground. Nest 22 still with 4 eggs. Not seen elsewhere. 22 July a pair with two chicks was found in a trough direct west of Nest 3 & north of Nest 4. No other seen behind the lab until the region of Nest 22; when the pair were present and greatly excited - there were 2 chicks, 1 egg and egg shells in the nest. A ♀ was very alarmed by my presence near the peregrine's nest, presumably the pair from nest 13 and nests 12 and 11 have left. There was a dead chick in 11. Single birds were seen near each nest and they appeared to be attending young. As before they flew into the air when approached. They will not hood up readily as dunniks. Nests 23 had 4 eggs, but these were cool and no adult was seen in the area. In the OOTH area Nests 20 and 25 were empty. adults that acted like they had young were near nest 25, 17 and 3 pairs seemed to be involved. A bird that acted like it had young was near Lt. 10.0 end of 771 B. There also seen 2-4 "non breeding" birds in the area. No young seen. Heard one shore "motorboat" from an excited ♂ near nest 25. See pomaunis Range. 23 July The only birds seen were along the gravel road at AACS. The two nests on the Beach Ridge (21 and 22) were empty.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris pusillus 24 July Bayou, Alabama - There were at least two pairs which acted like they had young - high flight and distraction displays - near lines IIIA-B and 3-5 birds in with a group of golden Plover that I judged to be migrants. Additionally 2 or 3 others were seen along the road to the gare and near west 7. Checked Nest 19 in the evening - Beggs, the pair probably present. Surprisingly there were a lot - at least 3 and probly 5-6 pairs in the flat site to bro-center polygonized area across (east of) VOTH Creek from the VOTH area. All acted as if they had young and eventually two well grown chicks were scared up and one captured and examined. It was down on the body that the flight feathers, and their coverts and some scapulars held were projecting a 1/4 inch from the sheath and the legs were not obviously "too large" for the bird. Those adults were in this area. I wonder if adults that lose their chicks don't try to adopt another pair's chicks if they happen to come across them soon after the loss - at any rate these large chicks were clearly being tended by two birds and a fluid was interested. Elsewhere the solicitous semipalmated adults seem were all paired. The chick were in a wet, gummy 3-centered polygon when found and most adults seem were in similar areas though often near the moister troughs. 25 July All birds seem were in the VOTH area; they clearly are a kind of coastal areas.

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P. De Benedictis 1965 Calidius pasillus 26 July Barrow, Alaska - Nest 19 contains one day young bird and two eggs. The pair was present. At least 2 other pairs near by, near nests 7 & 8, with young judging from their behavior. Nest 9 empty and the marker for Nest 10 had been moved. 27 July Nest 19 with two cold eggs, collected in the evening. Both were infertile, and weight 5.9 and 6.8 gms. Nest 25 with shells littered all over the cup. No adults seen near Micronet but several in the VOTF area. The parents were near Nest 19 but not concerned with the nest in its all.

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P. De Benedictis 1965 Calidris pusillus nest locations ARL to MICROMET ↑N Family lagoon Imihpuk --- = gaslines ----- = lines + barrels -- = weasel react. = nest # 1 block = ¼ mile

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P. De Benedictis 1965 Calidris pusillus NEST LOCATIONS N of BRITTON'S AREA SOUTH SALT LAGOON 2 1 FAA tower- MIDDLE SALT (FAMILY) LAGOON --- = road ---- = ridge = nest #3 1 inch = 1/4 mile SOUTH CREEK

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P. De Benedicks 1965 Calidris pusillus location nests Britton's to VOTH area N 20 9 10 17 25 7 18 19 BEACH RIDGE VOTH CREEK --- = road ++ ++++ = ridge = nest #

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Nests Calidris pusilla NEST # DATE LOCATION NOTES 1. 25 June N of FAA Tower 3rd egg laid this afternoon. in moderately tall grass near trough on low polygon. July 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 14 July 15 Bagp. ♀ in attend. semi-gal heard (but not seen) empty in this area. 2. 26 June E. shore S. Salthagoon "cup concealed by tall grass; July 7,8, " none in attendance; eggs warm July 9 " , egg wet and cold. July 12 eggs collected // // // // // 3. 26 June NE. end Barrel area 2 eggs: polygon in grass at edge of raised (came June 28) 27 June 2 eggs, no parent in attendance 29 June 3 eggs, ♀ sitting 1 July, 2, 7, 14 " " 17 July 1 egg, 2 chicks of parent 20 July, empty 21 July ♀ 2 chicks found 100 yards out

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P. De Beucdicht 1965 Calidris pusillus NESTS NEST # DATE LOCATION NOTES 4. 26 June NE end barrel area in mod. tall dead grass on high polygon 1 foot from trough. 2eggs. No change June 27, 29 (PH.), June 30 (C.H.), ♀ in attendance all visits. 1 July 2 eggs, (♀?) sitting. ♀ July 2,7 12 July empty, no birds around. // // // // // // // // 5. 27 June SE end Barrel Area 4eggs; in mod. tall grass on large, moderately tall polygon. July 1 4eggs; ♀ in attendance, flank of 9 flew over nest unchallenged. July 7 " only a prob. I noted. 36's in area. July 12 " , one present only July 15 empty, no birds in area 6. 27 June NW end Barrel Area 4eggs; in tall dead grass on ridge between weasel tracks. July 15 4eggs one in attendance. July 17 empty one bird in the area

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P. De Benedichs 1965 Calidris pusillus NESTS Nest # DATE LOCATION NOTES. 7. 27June NE of Voth area 4eggs in moderately tall grass on flat nr. disturbed area. ♀ in attendance 29 June. July 7,9,12 4eggs ♀(?) in attendance July 12 " ♀ present July 17 empty ♀+2chicks found 75ft N of this nest. 8. 27June NE of Voth area 4eggs; nest well covered, in tall grass on dry level slope. July 7,9,12 4eggs . ♀ in attendance July 12 " one present July 17 empty no birds found in area 9. 28June W. of lines IIIA-B 4eggs; nest on rather steep hill side in grass and low forbs. July 7,9,12 4eggs I in attendance July 26 empty,

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P. D Benedichs 1965 Calidris pusillus NESTS DATE NEST # DATE LOCATION NOTES. 10 29June W of hines IIIA-B Neggs, grass. July 7,9,12 Neggs, ?,? in attendance. July 26 slake removed, ? empty 11. 29June S of Micromet Marsh Beggs nest in tall grass on low polygon. Beggs A.H June30. 1 July,2 Beggs ? present. 7 July Beggs, prot. & only noted last of summer. 12 July " one only 15 July " ? present (17 July 21 July 1 dead chick in nest, ladult 100 ft SE of nest, acted like it had young. 12. 1 July S of Micromet Marsh Neggs nest on low polygon gra July 2,7, " ? present July 12,15 " one only (July 17) 1 egg, 1 piped, 1 chick - Side RBA Thur/16) July 21 Empty. ladult acted like had young ~100 feet east of the nest.

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P. De Benedich 1965 Calidris pusillus NESTS Nest # DATE LOCATION STATUS NOTES. 13. 1 July S of Micromet Marsh 2 eggs ♀ in attendance. on low polygon in mud, blue. 7 July " " (briefly) but then other behaved. 12 July, 14 " " ♀ present + 4 others (at least one pair) 19 July " " one only 21 July 4 young ♂ present, young in nest, no shells. ♀ (with young) 100 ft east of west. 17. 28 June S. of Micromet Marsh 1 egg ♀ in attend. on low grass 29 June 2 eggs P.M. no birds in attendance 30 June 2 eggs no birds in attendance 1 July 3 eggs one in attendance 2 July 4 eggs " " 7 July " " prob. by aerial display, present 12 July " " one only 15 July empty none in area 15 1 July S. of Micromet Marsh 1 egg (hide S. Heclean) on wood fall grass on slope July 2,7 4 eggs ♀ in attendance July 12 " " July 15 empty none in area.

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P. De Benedicts 1968 Calidris P.assillus NESTS Nest # DATE LOCATION STATOS NOTES 16 2 July SE Barrel Area 4eggs ♂ in attendance, on raised polygon in low, drud gn July 7,9,12 4eggs ♀ present July 15 empty no birds in area. 17 3 July S Britton's Area 4eggs found by P. Kitha & Hamilton July 5,7,8,9,12 " low polygon in grassy area ?♀ only in attendance. 18 7 July S Uothl area 4eggs ♂ in attendance July 9,12 " 4eggs. July 17 empty - ? bird in area.

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R D Benedict 1945 Calidris pusillus NESTS NEST # DATE LOCATION STATUS NOTES 19 7 July S. VOTH area 2 egg on hill side in spare low grass. 8 July 3 egg ♀ present, ♂ displaying. 9 July, 11, 12, 17, 24 " " 26 July 1 young 2 eggs, ♀ present 27 July 2 egg ♀ ~35 feet from nest not concerned about nest in A.M. no birds in area p.m., eggs collected. 20 7 July S. Bithon's Area 3 eggs in tall grass on slope 6 ft from July 8, 9, 12, 13 " alpine nest 4; ♂ present only July 21 empty no birds in area (poor search) 21 4 July W. U.S.C&G.S shack 2 eggs found by McClean July 13,14 " in tall grass on ridge one present July 23 " empty no birds close to nest

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Calidris pusilla NESTS Part # DATE LOCATION STATUS NOTES 22 14 July Beach Ridge 4 eggs in full grass 4' from creek 20 July " " 1 adult; 1 female in area 13 July. 23 July " empty no birds seen in area 23. 15 July SE Burel area 3 eggs in grass on slope 21 July " 2 chicks, 1 egg & present shell in nest 24 15 July SW Burel area 4 eggs in grass on disturbed polygonized area. (1 female out) 21 July " 1 egg egg cool, no adults seen. 27 July " 4 shells predated

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P. De Benedichis 1965 Calidris pusilla Nests Nest # DATE LOCATION STATUS NOTES 25 17 July N. Vothaven Eggs in grass in low center polygon; ?4 present only. 21 July empty 2♀, possibly from another nest in the area.

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Calidris pusillus 30 May Meade River Coal Mine, 159°25'W, 70°39'N, Alaska One saw feeding with a golden plover on the Sandy flats 1 mi. N of camp and a 2nd bird later came by, the two flying off together. 3 saw flying south along the Meadele and 1 or 2 heard singing near the village about noon. Not a conspicuous species. Two "peep" seen in flight gave a loud plover-like call I have never heard before, but were probably this species. 6 flushed from a wetter bare sandy polygon along the River about 10:45 PM. They flew off. 31 May At least 4 near the creek and heard a little song. One or two came over the camp area and one over the "camps" plot area in the afternoon. Don't see them on the ground after. 1 June Only one seen on the ground, feeding on a (more) moist-grassy swale near a Golden Plover. 3 or 4 others heard. One song. 2 June Still have trouble finding them on the ground. Two or 3 near the village, and a little song, but not much evidence of the birds. Seen in flight and occasionally flushed in the polygonal area north of the creek. Birds seen on the ground are usually over damp like as in the same type stuff. One near the CO2 Warmigan and one on the camps plot in the evening. Usually seen in flight. I have no idea what they do on the ground - wherever they land.

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Colidius pusillus -2 3.Time Meacle River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska The birds near the village seem to be hungy yet with the territories. The ones I saw on the ground had been flushed and feed nervously, except for one which fed in tail stedges so that I could barely see the top of its head. I blasted it. A little song but most of the birds were fairly quiet. There were two pairs near the creek 2 mi S of camp, feeding with dunlin on polygon ridges, and on the well covered stabilized slimes. No song. Saw one feeding out on a bare sand pan in its Meacle R. One seen feed close at hand mostly picked at the surface but occasionally jabbed at something at the base of sedge tufts. 4.Time The birds near the village definitely centered around the disturbed areas, where they feed out in open stuff, running about and pecking at the surfaces. There are at least 2 pairs by the village and 1 pair by its CO2 Stannigan, where they works along the cat tracks and in the low-grass covered slopes. There was a little flight song and some chasing. Saw one pair feeding on a ice pack in a flooded Cany meadows, The birds pecking at holes in the ice where grass stems poked through and along the edge, of the waters, in the water. 5.Time This species is surprisingly numerous. There are 2-3 pairs around this census plot, where they are localized along its lake basin and along its runs.

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Coliciris pusillus -3 5 June Measee River Coal Mine, 152°25'W, 70°29'W, Alaska and 1-2 pairs on the first 1-2 miles of the South Ridge. At least 2 pairs active about camp and 3 pairs near the village. Considerable songflight and one fight. In two pairs, the larger appearing bird was the one that sang. They seem to feed mostly on very open areas, corral flab, often where the ground is saturated and with hummocks (mounds and channels) grow to carex and ledum. They run about nervously pecking for food. Times. Occasionally they go into the Casey marshes where they are hard to see in the grass; here they feed along the edge of slipponds. Where ground is disturbed, they seem to like it best. Song from 2 A.M. on, but little feeding evident before about 4:30. The birds in the village in disturbed areas and a f? again seen on the ice in a bany marsh. 6 June There are several pairs near the village. These feed mostly on a weasel road where there is water running about 1/4" deep over a weed-mat- Elymus mixture. The?s are very active and chase all intruders. Lots of song and wing-up, tail up ground display. Now act like they are nesting yet, and the f? stay close together all the time. Occasionally seen chasing western Sandpipers. In camp two or 3 feed along the edge of flooded Casey marshes, which is probably a more natural habitat. It is really quite a common species along the river, which surprised me. Probably 10-15 pairs within 2 miles of camp.

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Calidris pusilla -4 7 June Mclell River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska. Birds are widespread but commonest on the high area near camp and the village (feet esp) and along the shore of Ikmakak Lake. In the Camp marsh areas, they feed at water edge, along the snow packs, running actively and pecking at food items. Birds were several Twin seen hovering over the edge of pools. In the flat area they are out on the exposed areas and feed in microtopographic depressions. Ground display vigorous and most appear to be paired.. 8 June 2 or 3 f's near the camp pit, where they are feeding along the edge of carp pools pecking at the surface. Only dimlin seen in these areas, usually higher up the pool margins. I finally saw it - semipals out on the snow! In the evening, there were 4 on the Snow S of the village, 9 to 9 E of the village and 4-6 N of the village. The snow is covered with spring pebb and they and the Longspurs are really going to it. The Semipals dark about pecking at the snow, probably getting one spring tail/peck. No other sandpipers seen doing this. On the flats they are mostly in micro depressions and along water. Very actively displaying and some long song flights seem. 9 June Feeding in weasel-cat exerts in the village; and on the dunes, where I don't see what they are getting, as they are pecking at bare sand. Some on the snow. Lots of song. More and like they are resting yet. 2-3 partly on the camp plot. Much song.

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Calidris pusillus -5 10 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°02.5'W, 70°02.9'N, Alaska Actively displaying in the village. Most wing up-taity and some aggressive song. Saw an attempted copulation poorly in the afternoon. Sec. bird singing near the census plot. Feeding mostly along the edge of Lany pools away from the village and one of the common calidris here, if no the countrout. 11 June 1-2 pairs along the lake basin S of South ridge, the B's singing actively. They chose 10 to 50 meters up and sing for 2-3 minutes at a time, covering an irregular circuit, over a large area. Birds widely spread but conspicuous. No actualizing seen. 12 June A few, 1 or 2 pairs along lake Agassiz and one near the lake on Village creek. One seen chasing a Western Sandpiper. Such chases not uncommon, ? because of the similar size and color, they are more specific confusion them with other species. More really like like they are meeting. 4 B's get into the census plot. Saw one long fight between stake 2.5 and 3.5. The B's circled near each other, one facing the other, then one jumped on the other, fluttering its wings slowly. One bird game away. After 3-4 minutes of this (6± encounters), they quit. Very quiet and little motion between fight bouts. Lots of song in the area all evening. crowd, the mouse crew discharge's display.

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Calidris pusillus - 6 16 June Meade River Coal Mine, 15°02'54"W, 70°02'9"N, Alaska very quiet in the afternoon until about 4:30. Hoot song must be over by now. Birds near L. Agassiz seem to be along the lake margin and in the Cedar pool in the old lake flat. We flushed a bird off a nest which we could not find, though we did get intense distraction display. Very quiet on the census plot, but saw a chase involving two birds and a ? pair together. Not coming to feed. Mostly at the pond edges as usual. 17 June Quiet near the village but still a little action near the North part of the village plots. Saw one perched on a 12" high willow, where there may be working the exposed river flats for ? A couple heard along hole Itmakok and birds seen near the center of Camp pools. A few along the W side lake Agassiz. Numerous on the far side of the Meade opposite Village flats, where Steve found a 4 egg nest. 19 June Found two 4-egg nests on the census plot along the Snow, and Lotti found another about 120 m. N of the plot. Saw 2 birds in a chase with a peatral Sandpiper, but little song during the day. None seen feeding much. Two feeding on mudflat along the Meade South of camp in the evening, but only one pair on the high bluffs 2 Mi. S of camp. They may well be localized in the low-lying areas due. 20 June Little in evidence, mostly in the N. part of the Village flats. None seen feeding.

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Calidris pusillus 21 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°02'5"W, 70°29'N. Alaska Found a 3rd nest with 4 eggs on the census plot, in Ely 6,6 square. A little action on both sides of the plot along the river, but birds do not seem to be on the plot here any longer. One seen along the [illegible] Birds have moved out into the lake basin. Made in the evening, boat ride. The dunes at the "ox bow" E of camp contain several large pools which have drained, and Semi-pal. footprints were numerous in the wet sand, though none were seen in this area here. Island from this area, the ground is wet and almost solid Cauy. Here Semi-pals were common and drying activity. One flushed from the grass edge of a pool, and several seen in flight well out in the nearby area. 23 June Birds have moved out into the lake basin rather extensively. Two seen along the path to Lake Agassiz by the CQ Wannigan and at least 6 in the SW pool. Only one seen on upland sandy all other out on the Cauy humps and dykes where they ran about actively pecking at the ground. To get the #s (5 in 10 feet) Bow, they must use non-defended feeding areas, as there are non- breeding birds present locally now. Little song and no display noted. 25 June Common in the lake basin opposite the north Huffe. Most were in the 2nd terrace level where they worked either along the edges of bares marshes

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Calidris pusillus 25June Meade River Coal Mine, 17025'W, 70025'N, Alaska or on the sphagnum dykes in came where there was a good more bottom and the grass was cold and not very dense, but then 40 to cover. A considerable amount of fijuly dry seen in a open moory licker flat with 3000 grass cover, but birds shot from due seemed to be well along in its breeding cycle. One 7 shot and slightly wounded ran towards me, then off about 7 feet (15-20 feet from me) sat on a nest, looked about, got and ran 15 feet off and back, sat again. Then did this once more, and got off, I shot again and missed. The bird flew away and came back with a 2nd bird, which soon left, and I finally got the 1st bird. (471 PDeB). The nest contained 4 eggs. A mille picker i/ I've ever seen one. 26June All nests on the census plot OK. Birds now morning far off territory" to feed and after 3-4 birds together. The pairs that used to be along the river have moved off the plot. In the evening I jumped a plane that got excited near the CO2 warnigan and 2 Semipalmes came in and scolded. There was a dose and lots of song. Birds seem to be reenging far off territory now. A pair feeding in the exposed gravel in the dig-out area by the coal mine. 27June Fairly numerous in the flats opposite camp, where most activity seems to be centered in the shallow Cales pools, where birds fed along the pond margins. Some chasing. Found a nest with

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Certhia murina 27 June. Meade River Coal Mine, 150°25'W, 70°29'N. 4 eggs near the large lake. Saw only 1-2 in the upland polygonal areas. One seen along the river banks. 28 June All nests on the plot O.K. A pair seems to be interested in the area by the dig out on the coal mine and 1-2 pairs between the mine and decrease plot along the river. The pair between on the plot in this region seems to have moved out. 29 June Several swans inland on the boulder, noted only at the outlet of intiogue creek at the 2nd lake and along the shelf on the lake to the south, where at least 100 pairs were present. One was feeding on a clump of weed and nesting in the marble lake bottom. 30 June The nests on the census plot seem to be O.K., but the birds were little in evidence in the A.M. There were two birds chasing insects on the Certhia murina - Certhia plots opposite the M lake by the census plot in the morning. In the afternoon I went back and quickly found two birds feeding. When I went to check them, they flew to a second spot, and I noticed that now 5 birds were together, plus a C. murina. They ran about actively pecking for insects. I got down and looked, and quickly found several mosquitoes, which appear to be here when the wind blows. When I went to look for the Tumblins, I thus flushed a group of 9 birds +2-3

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Calidris pusilla 30 June. Moose River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska. Lapland longspurs feeding together; they flew to a small isolated area and began to feed. In all cases the birds were closely flopped, even though they seem to be local breeding birds. I suspect the very low territoriality of the late season, which seemed to be the case last year at Baurus, allows birds to take advantage of the local concentration of food supply when it is abundant at mid-season, but the stricter territoriality of the early season is an adaptation to space the population early in the season when food is scarce. 1 July Most of the birds seen were in the flatter flats area, and they were not very active. No feeding or scolding. Two were working the river edge and a large clump in the willows. No one the lines above the flats. 3 July All the nests on the census plot ok. There was little activity North of the plot as on earlier day. One of the two nests had piped eggs. Birds spend more time at nects than they did earlier, and often fresh when I am gulls far from the nest. 4 July A small group - 3-4 - on the Curricularia-Cetaria flats where they had been before, apparently still chasing mosquitoes. There were several other flying about in the area. On the lake there were scattered birds plus groups of 3 and 4 on the sphagnum dypso, where they feed mostly well up on the dypso. They were much more suspicious than usual.

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Colidius pusillus 4 July Neacole River Coal Mine, 15°25'W, 78°29'N, Alboray after flying off before I could get within 70-80 feet of this. The only ones seen beyond South Creek in the afternoon were over along one of the larger lakes where there was considerable cane wash, now nearly dry. None seen feeding. 5 July Birds still abundant on the flats opposite north dune, where 30-40 birds seen and 8 cooed with little effect. When I arrived there were two small groups, which occasionally joined, of 3 and 5 birds which danced over a wide area and occasionally came singing persistently. Birds were seen feeding along the river (2) and at the timberland edge of the willows in rather open Euphorbia flats (4-5). There was not much feeding activity on the 1st beach level, where I got most of the birds last time, but some activity apparently along the ponds just inland of this, where I was never actually able to see birds feeding. Several birds were seen feeding on the 2nd beach level, a Cornicularia - Ectavia flat, where they chased about actively for insects. None seen in the larger lakes, but occasionally flushed them from the Ceres marshes. At the Sea part of the area most activity was in the empty Ceres pools just inland of the willows on the river, and along the river, where 2-3 birds seen. 2 or 3 seen along the river in the evening and none on the

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Calideis p. s. thr 5 July Meadele River Cool Mine, 157°25' W, 70°29' N, Alaska down on the Ox bow of the Meade. 6 July The nest by the far end of Phil's house is empty, probably hatched though no birds in the area. The seminapal all of the cearan plot were seen on the west part of the plot and once at 3 rows along the river. There was much activity by the plaver nest, birds flying about excitedly and 4-6 in the area. One nest had just hatched, all 4 yours there and one still wet. The other nest was empty. About 80 m. away found the G andall 4 chicks, and was able to watch brooding. When I went towards the chicks the parents gave one of the most frantic distraction displays I have seen, and the chicks responded all by creeping fwdly. When a bird went to brood, as close as 4 feet from me, it would go to one chick and rear back, ceeiling "pr pr prprp", a robing call similar to the alane. The chicks came right up to the parent. Both birds were in the area, and were attempting to brood the chicks. All the birds were in a wet Eiophanus flabarea, and the parents occasionally fed a little while they were off the chicks. The nest by the 5.5 weeks still with eggs. When the alane is spread about the chicks, all birds within hearing range, including dunlin, come in.

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Calidris pusilla 7 July Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska A pair was near some pools by the dune opposite Sweet Creek, and another near the bridge later here. Not out in the polygonal-pool area inland on the Arctic county 8 July Most of the birds near Lake Agassiz seem to have young now. I first came into a concentration near the S. end of the lake by CO2, where 6-8 birds came in to scold. The adults were originally up in the wet Eriophorum above but near the edge of the lake. When they scolded they came down into the lake basin and scolded from the zone where the Carex marsh is being replaced by Eriophorum, over a sphaerium understory, with much Salix pulchra mixed in. The adults often feed in the Eriophorum along the edge of the basin, but rarely in the lake basin. All were quietly distributed. One bird in a poor wat S creek of worse like even though it was quite exposed and no chicks were in the area. There were at least half a dozen and probably more adults out in Curricularia flat here, feeding on surface insects. One one group of 4 and another of seven. A few pectoralis occasionally come with them, but don't stay long. They tend to cluster near the turn- stone, which scolds constantly, and I suspect most are all bare chicks. Not conspicuous by the

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Colidés parilles 8 July. Meacle River Coal Mine, 157°25'40"W, 70°29'11"N. Alloch Census plot; where they were mostly on the Eriophorum-covered dyke between Cane pools. 9 July There were two cold eggs in the last remaining Semi-pal nest on the census plot, and an adult Scolding from just outside the plot. A wader in the Cane pool area hear here and 3 in the dry Eriophorum, probably from the 2.5 nest, were the only birds seen; gone from the area by 1.1 mackerel to Phil's transect. 10 July A pair giving clear notes in the dryer Eriophorum-Poa association near the village 11 July The story near where Agassiz remains undamaged except that it's been somewhat cleared. Here birds were towards Phil's transect and here the habitat distinction is not so sharp, though Eriophorum predominated in the area, where I fished wider - dryer (not saturated Sphagnum) soil. Didn't find only chicks Saw only 3 or 4 birds on the Eriophorum flat, and bills feeding. Semi-pals seem to have less mosquito trouble than Phaenigrae and Longspurs, rarely scratch and don't ever seem to get "insect covered". Semi-pals were also noted in the Cane-Eriophorum "ecotone" near the South Ridge and by the Cane pool as well, but not much attention paid to this due to rain and insects; about 10 birds seen here.

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Calidris maria 22 June Barrow, Alaska - a single bird was seen in with a group of Dunlin & Semipalmated Sandpipers in the VOTH area. It was feeding dunlin-like along the edge of a throng in wet soil, inserting about 1/2 the bill into the soil. It was noticeably reddish on the crown, "wash" and auriculars, strongly streaked on the back and was rather short-billed. It much more resembled a White-rump than a Semipalmated, and differs primarily in its streakiness of the back color and its all black bill; the breast was not as strongly marked and the flanks were spotted instead of streaked. The dark rump and "kreet" call note were noted when it flew. 23 June 1 and probably 2 birds were seen on Zocarino in the Brooks area near Nisconnet. They were short-billed, prob. 88's, since the 1st bird seen had more red on the scapulars than the others; all were grille red capped. They feed in rather wet areas and usually stuck 1/2 or so of the bill in to the ground in breasts of rapid mudflats, about 5 seconds. All were silent. 25 June One seen feeding in shallowly flooded saturated area along the edge of tangle in a highly polygonized area inserting the terminal half of the bill into the soil; judging from bill length it was a 4, and was red capped but not very red on the breast except the scapulars; they are grayer on the breast than Semipalmated. The bird in the VOTH area is still present and was seen feeding in a manner + in

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris maritima 25 June Barrow, Alaska - location similar to the above bird. It feed near a pair of Semipols and was not bothered by them. No vocalizations other than the "kreet" fight note heard. 30 June A small flock is present in Central Marsh, most in fairly dull plumage although clearly breeding plumage. They are social but not tightly flocced; heard only the "kreet" fight note, but saw one go after another on the ground in a hindered posture, the 2nd bird moving off. [illegible] This posture resembled that of the distraction display except that the head was directed forward and the bird moved towards a 2nd bird in an aggressive manner. 2 July There are still about 8-12 birds out in Central Marsh including some in pretty miserable plumage. Saw two out on a path of gack towards the center of the marsh in addition to those seen along the edge, where they were more conspicuous than semipols. Saw a flight song, given with appalling motion, the bird rising up then falling down (flapping the entire time and caching a low volume, high pitch "zeeeee zeeeeeh", the whole thing happening so fast that I wasn't able to co-ordinate the two. Saw one flying over, P. Kelka's plot feed more anywhere else. The sound is very white-sempol but the flight is rather more like a pectoral.

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P. DeBenedicts 1965 Calidris mauri 4 July Barrow, Alaska - all birds seen were along the upper part of V07H creek. I counted 21 in right at one turn in V07H slough; about 10 more were seen as I went up the creek and another 10 were elsewhere in the slough. A group of about 30 were in Footprint lake. They were silent or gave only the "tweet" note except for birds in one snail flock (not seen until by year silent) from which something like the song was heard. No display, the birds preferring to forage forbs as is typical of miququits and they were somewhat restless. at one turn 8 were seen with 2 pectorals going high into the air, circling and ending again over V07H slough. None seen elsewhere. 5 July Saw only two in V07H slough and about 5 along the W side of Central Marsh. Other than the "tweet" note they were silent. They generally associate with semipals, and do somewhat more pecking than I had noticed earlier. 6 July at least 5 birds along the W side of Central Marsh, quite silent. 7 July I saw in Micronut Marsh in the morning 9 July 2 in V07H slough and 3 in Footprint lake. 10 July 2 near the Meadows lakes area. 11 July 2 feeding in wet areas at the S end Footprint lake. 12 July one seen along the N end of Footprint Lake gave a trail similar in form to the trail given by alarmed semipal. Sandpipers, but the call was much higher pitched. It did not look to be off a rest. 25 July I saw along the west border of lake Ikroavik.

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Calidris maritima 29 May Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska Found lone bird feeding in high polygon sand ridge 1/2 mi SE of camp along the Meade. The bird was with longspurs when 1st found and when I shot at and missed it, it flew 105 yards and landed in similar habitat where it fed Semipal-like as before, until I shot it. It was silent at all times and allowed close approach. The area it was feeding in was heavily matted with low Cassiope about 1 to 2" high, and the bird seemed to favor these spots for feeding. Ground went but finger below the surface greatly such as so, 2 June A probable 4 seen feeding on a mud scrape (where a sled has been dragged) at the mouth of the village creek, feeding dimly like in the mud. It flew off S along the river when approached. 4 June A strange song caught my attention and I fairly traced it to an individual of this species. At least two in the area and possibly two singing birds. The song flight was typical, the bird rising rapidly, 10-40-50 m. and making a long circuit (with flat or slightly depressed set wings) gliding alternating with a rapid shallow wingbeats. The bird tended to return to one spot and preferred two areas. It covers an area about 40 meters square and once chased a 2nd bird. Songs on the ground. No grand display. Song, a high range. [illegible] occasionally the 1st notes barely audible. It feeds [illegible] in polygon [illegible]

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Calideis Maui . 2 5 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°39'N, Alaska One feeding in a garbage heap in the village, later seen chasing a♂ semipal. In the evening a pair was feeding along the edge of Casey marshes behind camp. They associated loosely and the♀ was very shy. The♂ song on the ground, like the freight song, but in a dumblin ground song posture. The ♀ alarm call is like semipal but more rolling and higher pitched mm mm mm mmm... 6 June a pair near the mouth of S.Hage creek, the♂ occasionally singing. They feed in many areas out country part of the wrease (road) in trampled down, wet Elymus, etc. on the road. The♂ chased Semipal several times. The♀ very shy; she probes more than does the♂. Collected the♂ on the wrease road. Later heard a 2nd male singing near there. A♀ still behind the lab feeding along Casey marshes in the evening. 7 June At least one near the village with Semipal Sandpiper and the♀ pa seems to be present along the pond edges behind camp. This and semipal, ofter seen hovering over shallow water, landeau are peeking at something, and hovering again, almost like a phalarope. 8 June A male singing on the village ridge near the wrease and a♀ seen sleeping near Doro. 9 June A male singing W of the village, probably just passing through. 10 June A pair in the village, the♂ singing and ? displaying to the

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Calidris mauri - 3 10 June Meade River Cool Mine, 15°9'25"W, 70°24'N. A lone female, but behind grass where I couldn't see her. Calling a short quiet version of the aerial song, which is rather white-camp-like. 11 June A male singing along South Ridge, but probably just passing through. I wonder if they will stay here at all. 12 June 4 birds zipping around, little song, near the A.F. Warrigan and later one being chased by a semi-pal to the W. side of L. Agassiz. 13 June One singing near the South end of the "census plot". 16 June At least two established singing birds and at least 4 birds together at the NW part of Lake Agassiz. Hard to be sure what they are all doing. Saw one pecking at cobbolllars or snows. One singing briefly on the census plot. 17 June One singing near the outlet of Lake Agassiz on the N side of village creek, and at least 2? at the SW part of Lake Agassiz. One feeding on snow drift, made 28 and 54±6 peeks in 30 second intervals. Considerable song, the 3 humming low over the area frequented by a ?. No proud display seen. 19 June A ? singing along the 6 rows of the census plot. 21 June A singing male flew over the census plot once, going towards camp. 25 June One came in when I shot a semipal, acting alarmed, but flew off before I could find out what it was thing.

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Calidris manu 28 June Weade River Cool Mine, 157°25' W, 70°24' N, Alaska A 8 singing S and W of the census plot, once in association with a Semipalmated plover, from a nest on the census plot. 29 June Two singing 8's and a 9 were noted along village creek just above Leo (2) lake. None were seen on the ridge SW of Lake Agassiz. 30 June A 8 feeding on mosquitoes on the Cunnicular Cetraria, SSW of the N bank by the census plot, with Semipalmated plovers, q.v. No clearing seen between the two species. 4 July A 8 near the Black-belly plover nest, with Semipalms and a 9 out in Lake Agassiz with a group of 4 Semipalms on a sphagnum dyke. Both gave alarm calls when approached, but no song now. 8 July A 8 cause in giving alarm calls with a group of Semipalmated plovers, and a Turnstone overlooking us near the [illegible] + North Lake west of the census plot. They soon flew off and I was unable to find them again. Evidently they did not off the our plot. 11 July Found a bird with 3 chicks when it gave alarm calls from the South ridge in the zone where the Eriophorum flat was going to Carry wood, though well up in the Eriophorus. Only one adult was noted, which I think (und am not certain) was its 8 (a ruddy long- billed one, if so). When it started to rain the bird

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris 30 June Burrow, Alaska - at least three of these birds were seen with a flock of Semipals and Westerns on Central Marsh near the US c + GS shack. They feed in the same areas in the same way as Semipals; Except it is the Asian ecologic equivalent. They are small peep, appearing about the same size as but bulkier than Semipals and are somewhat warmer above and brighter white below; 2 of them were bright red- rufous only on the throat, the upper breast grayish, streaked at least laterally & the back & belly and the third was red-belly on most of the face + throat, with less grey below. I could distinguish no vocalizations; the 1st bird seen appeared to have a broken leg (or only one) and a "deel" and the bright bird remained more or less together; these were seen again in the afternoon. 2 July A bird unlike any of the others noted was seen today, with a group of Westerns and Semipals. It was very bright on the face and throat, grayish on the breast and white under the tail. Couldn't been anything from this yet.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965- Calycitis fuscaicollis 12 June Barrow, Alaska - two birds were found on the beach ridge about 2PM. They were feeding like Semipalmated Sandpipers (which I first thought they were) in a bare moss-covered area on a level area near the top of the ridge. When approached they flew up and flew towards the ARL; as they flew by could see the white rump clearly, and heard the flight note, a shopp high "reet" more like a Red Phalarope than the other piper; they were reddish Dorsally but grey on surface and breast, which was streaked, and had a noticeable wing stripe; couldn't see where they landed; They were much smaller looking than I had expected. 13 June. Found 3 birds along the W side of family logoon, a singleton and a pair. The single bird allowed close approach as it fed in a rather open, gravelly disturbed area; when in grass it seemed to follow the more open spots and did a lot of probing, inclu- ding with rapid delilin-like motions, although it moved around a lot. When I landed it gave a 2 parted high pitched call which reminded me of a Grosbeak Sparrow. The pair remained in this area but were not so approachable. The bird is only about the size of a Western Sandpiper but looks longer, head total in proportion to its length; it is quite rusty on the back.

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P. De Benedictis 1965 Calidris fuscicollis 15 June Barrow, Alaska - Saw single birds on two occasions in the tundra area, one twice in the same spot after about a 2 hour interval. The birds fed in rapid bursts of pedal jabs and allowed easy approach. The only call heard was a "high, buzz, "wud zee" as the bird landed once and saw no display. The 2nd set of observations was about 100 yards from the 1st. 17 June At least 6 birds were present in the area around the FAA tower. Most were alone, feeding in open areas by grass, i.e. probing a jabber into the subterminal in rather open, usually dry areas. Call notes (in flight) include a high pitch "buzz", "dzip" and a "dzeep dzeep dzeep" barely audible. In the morning one of the birds together briefly went into a V-flying position but then continued on in normal flight and landed. In the afternoon one went into a "prairie chicken" display, wings out & tail raised exposing the whole covert, moving towards a second bird and ended in a wing up posture resumed feeding. Saw one chase a Semipalmated Sandpiper and one feeding (one peek) out on ice, another in the small openings where grass had blown over. They are generally quite tame and usually allow approach to 20 feet! But some birds are jumpier than the others; display posters indicated on the following page

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P. DeBeedich 1965 17 June Colidin fuscicollis Barrow, Alaska "prairie chicken" display The [illegible] lower mandible appears dull red, always black to me. 18 June Saw an aerial flight display over the low bounds near the Beach Ridge; the bird got up in the air silently, flopping apparently normally and then went into a U glide, calling, "po-oit po-oit po-it", very low pitched & volume, and then the bird landed. The same or another bird was observed feeding consistently near a low dunlin but the two ignored each other except for keeping about 6-8 inches apart. Nothing else out of the ordinary. The bird seen feeding at close range today was on a low polygon and fed in bone/ morsey areas giving something between a jab and peck as a feeding motion most of the time. 19 June At least 6 and possibly 8 birds in the 50th Bitter's Area, most feeding silently. Saw the end of one aerial display and heard another. One chase, involving two birds, began with a rapid flight, one bird (probably the chasing) calling a long "222 222222222" as it flew; then it went into a short V-glide calling "222-zit"

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P.D. Bevenditss A25 Calidius fuscitollis 19 June Barrow, Alaska - Three times and flew on. now apparently out of audible range; it was seen to glide once more + then the two flew a little faster and landed. Saw one brief interactive between this species and C. pusillus, but not sure who was after who. A female prepared in the evening had fat along all the feather tracts and considerable fat along the neck and axillary region. The skull was unossified and the skull windows measured 10x11 mm. The base of the lower mandible wool light colored, and it showed no signs of wear. 20 June Only two silent birds in this above area, all feeding in north west areas. 21 June No sign of the species in the area above. 23 June a pair found behind the micronic area in a low polygonized area. They fed in rather wet areas. Heard a flight call (but didn't see the birds until they were quiet), which sounded like "wo woitup woitup woitup" high pitched and buzzy and given rapidly. Later a single bird in flight went into a wing out glide, tail slightly spread and raised then it flew on with a hopping flight and landed near a 2nd bird and went immediately into a partial nest cup display, its breast down to the ground, its wings out

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris puscicollis 25 June Barrow, Alaska - a single bird was seen in a high polygonized area giving a low flight display and then landed and fell. A pair was watched for some time across the gas line W of the Neul of gasoline ridge. When 1st seen the 7 was chasing a dunlin and 3X gave a wing up (one wing only) when its dunlin came near. Sometimes the associated 7 was involved in the chase. Later a male flew up into the air to a height of 40 to 60 feet and hovered for 15 to 20 seconds giving a still wing beat, the head level forward, the tail opened & level, the wing beat rapid and bluny [illegible], and at the beginning of its (1 1/4 sec) call "po-oit po-oit po-oit po-oit po-oit wee-zit wee-zit" the 'po-oit' note low and rough and the 'wee-zit' high pitched and buzzy; then it flew down (landing near a 2nd bird, going into a "grouse posture" and running at the head (in small circles) of the 2nd bird, calling "po-oit po-oit po-oit" as it landed; otherwise it appeared to be silent. The grouse posture was main- tained for 2-3 seconds, when the 2nd bird flew off, shortly after which the 7 flew as well. Shortly after this I flushed the 7 which landed on a low-polygon ridge. The 7 about 15 feet away got up and flew over calling "pz-wee-zit pz-wee-zit po-oit it..." and landed and went into the "grouse posture" running at and around the 2 for 3-5 seconds, continuing the call "...po-oit it po-oit it 22222222" the buzz very soft and the grouse posture lasting longer than the call, and

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Calidris fasciculata 23 June Barrow, Alaska - they went into an upright posture with one wing up and then an alut posture [sketch of three birds in flight, showing progression from wings spread to upright] all this fairly close to the 9. The streaking along the flanks accentuates the white wing lining in a wing up. "The male" flew with a rapid, fairly deep wing beat, 2-3 feet off the ground, rose suddenly to about 20 feet, hovered 2±1 second and came down slowly its wings in a V glide position and landing slowly, twisting somewhat as it landed, calling a "po-oit" 8±2 Twin beginning with the hovering and continuing through the descent; it was alone and fed after it landed. The male was heard to call of 3-4 other occasions and another version of the call is: "2222t p-wee zit p-wee zit p-wee-zit", over the male bent one wing out at the end of this series. A different pair was seen, one chasing the other, with a direct wing beat, then going into a short V-glide, calling "p-wee 222t p-wee 222t p-wee zit", flapping a short twin, gliding and calling again and flapping, now getting too far away to see well. The birds were 4-6 feet up and the glide periods were longer than the call.

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P. de Benedict's 1965 Calidris pugnax 28 June Barrow, Alaska - Heard the "low-flight display" on several occasions near Miccnet Marsh in the afternoon and found at least one bird, which appeared to have dull red legs. In the high polygonal area between the Beach & Gasline Ridge heard a little display and saw a chase involving 3 three birds (no display). 29 June Barrow, Alaska - Two seen near the head of Gasline Ridge, no display. 30 June 4 seen near Miccnet Marsh (including 3 together giving a little low display flight and a (one bird), one seen chasing a 4 pectoral. 4 July a lone bird, its bill tucked under its wing, was seen in the VOTH area. 3(?) were seen together, V- gliding and at least one giving the "porint see" song on the level area between VOTH & Gasline Ridge, and a 4 was flushed from polygon in south of S. Meadows lake and flew over to a 7 which displayed to her. She may be nesting as she seemed quite disturbed by my presence. 11 July One seen along a small pool between Footprint and Thorough and according to McClees was giving the ground display to a Red Phalarope (which happened to look quite like a White Plovers in pattern). This bird was noticeably "baggy breasted", like a 7 pectoral, the 12 this has seemed evident to me. 13 July One seen flying west over the VOTH area toward Brownville. 14 July One with a group of Dunlin near Gasline Ridge.

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P. De Benedictis 1465 Calidrisfuscicollis 24 July Barron, Alaska - the distinctive high call noted attracted my attention to 3 birds that were feeding inactively on a mossy ride along the edge of a low centered polygon - they later flew to a rather muddy bottomed (no grass) pool and feed there inserting only part of the bill into the substrate. Like the dunlin they appear to begin molt on the breeding ground, but in this case body molt as they were a mixture of reddish summer feathers (cap, scapulars) and gray winter feathers (secondary coverts, back). The bill still reddish at the base and no evidence of wing call. The 3 stayed close together at all times and were rather shy. 25 July Two in rather dull plumage in a low, polygonized area between I know, h and Foot print lake. 30 July Located a ♀ with 3 chicks in a grassy flat south of Wollschlag Slough. They were in a dryer part of a grassy, pretty area when found. The ♀ when alarmed at a distance got up into the air and circled over a road area, landing on conspicuous sites about 50 feet from the chicks. She was silent or uttered a high, weasey "whow" call like a platero call, when we got closer. She often gave a series of similar notes, the pattern invariably, ———, and she landed within 10 feet of us when chicks were hatched. The chicks did not freeze; when caught & released the ♀ came to them, then away as if to lure cuscus away. The chicks had renige capsules.

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Calidris faindii 11 June Barrow, Alaska - saw 1 (+Steve McLean 2 other) near the SE end family logoon in the PHL about 4 13 June at least 3 and possibly more were present in the Barrow area. Saw one on the ground with the tail strongly corked and the wings dropped slightly, near a second find. Little aerial display. In the afternoon saw at least a pair near the tavel area, including one bird near a second giving the tail up display to an extreme degree, often raising one wing and holding it up during its performance. little aerial display. 15 June at least 3 birds in the tavel area, flying about supposedly attacked but no display seen. see C. abla. 17 June 2 in the quay near the FAA tower, feeding; no display. 18 June Saw several aerial flight songs and our ground display. The aerial display in 3 segments; the bird rises slowly on mother straight out stretched wing, flapping slowly (2-3 beats/second) and fairly deeply, the tail open + the neck moderately extended, the bill forward, calling & low, thrifty (but higher pitched than Dunlin) "kreet" kreet kreet...", about 2 wingbeat/sail, circling slowly and rising 50- 80 a 100 feet in air; it then goes into a c slant glide, the wings held in a low dihedral and

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P.D.Benedict's 1965 Calidris bairdi 20 June Barrow, Alaska - two silent birds seen in a low wet area near the FAA tower, where none noted yesterday. 21 June Birds were quietly displaying behind the animal hut about 1130, the display all being aerial territorial display. Two silent birds seen in a low flooded area in the afternoon by the FAA tower. 22 June One pair found near the Voth area and another [illegible] high polygons on the E side of Voth Slough. The only display seen was a single wing up given by the P of the 1st pair. They seem to probe more than semipales. I were seen close together in aerial flight about 60 PM over the ARH area. 23 June Birds observed feeding fed by probing 1/2 the bill into rather bare soil, showing a preference to to low hummocks of moss found in low polygons. Other than one wing up and a flight "song" no display was seen. One feeding on the ground was scared up when a running car directly under it. 24 June Saw more today than yesterday in the same area; Aerial display given frequently, and saw 1-2 wing ups and a little wing out. One bird on the ground gave a repeated long trill followed by birds of the "krrrpt" "frog-note" as in the aerial display. It took a tail stance [illegible] when calling and raised the tail, especially, especially when giving the "frog-note" and sometimes seemed to half open one wing briefly. The ground trill sounds very like "pacificus".

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P. de Benedict's 1965 Calidris fuscicollis 25 June Barrow, Alaska - All the birds seen today were fairly close to the ocean. The pair seen in the morning were in a prolonged sexual chase and the birds seen in the afternoon were near the Need M. Salt Lagoon and giving the aerial display most persistently. 26 June A pair in close association was seen on Dr. Pitelka's plot and although they appeared nervous about my presence no nest could be located. At one hour in the late evening 4?Bs were seen in aerial display over the Barrow area and no sign of nesting other than sexual chores has been seen. 27 June Saw four or five displaying birds on the Barrow area but little ground display. Birds not very active. NEST 1 found a nest with 2 eggs on a ridge in a trash pile, incubated by the ? When we jumped him once he flew to the ? and went into a crouch, his wings slightly open and tail up, giving a wing up right after he landed, and called "weeeeeaaah tomnn" the last will becoming softer at the end. The ? circled but nothing else happened, the 2 birds separating. The birds gave rather clear "chivvrrr" call reminiscent of a call of a Semipalmated Plover when approached. They acted like Semipals when approaching the nest and sat when we were about 40 feet away. The sitting bird went into a strong distraction display when we approached the nest.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris pavidil 28 June Barrow, Alaska - found a nest with one egg NEST 2 on a levee grassy area. The nest was in low grass (=C. pusillus) and fairly well concealed. Saw a # of birds flying inland over dispersed area both in the morning and in the evening but couldn't find any but 2 (both of which appeared to be disturbed) feeding. The 1st nest we found was empty in the evening & no birds were in there. 29 June Barrow Alaska - saw a 4 egg nest in a grassy area on high polygonal ground at the end of gasoline Ridge. There are a few more pairs to be found but they are clearly not as common as they were age Semipals, (cyc.). They seem to prefer higher ground for feeding than do Semipals and feed in a similar way although remaining in one area for longer periods of time. Still have a little flight song although they were much less noisy today than compared to recent days. One was seen chasing a Semipal, usually giving a wing-up when it approached the water, and latter Semipal was seen chasing a Pavid's. In the evening birds in the Micronest Marsh area, although scarce, appeared to be quite notable [and Nest 2 had 2 eggs. = C. pusillus] 30 June One pair seen on the Beach Ridge and the rest in the area from Micronest to the Lab; no change in the nest & heard only one aerial display. 2 July Heard two aerial flight songs, both from mated or 2nd fall clutch. All the nests are accompanied by pairs and one new nest was found; no changes from yesterday

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P.D. Benedict's 1965 Calidris canadensis 2 July. Barrow, Alaska. One ♀ (West 4) sat very tight and almost jumped into my hand when she got off, and gave the open winged distraction display only 2 feet from my feet; I might have caught her if I'd wanted. Got a distraction display from a ♂ which appeared to be well away from a nest and as usual the only feeding birds seen were well up on the low polygons. 4 July. I checked Nests 3 and 5 today, both having eggs and attended only by a ♂ which sat very tight and gave good distraction display; they quiver the wings in the display. See 2 possibilities for this locale. 6 July. A nest with 3 eggs was found on a rather barren raised polygon ~½ way from Hickamet to the Bow site on the Weasel track to DSC+GS shack. A ♂ got off the nest and yelled loudly at our approach but was not joined by a 2nd bird nor were any other seen nearby. 7 July. All the nests behind the lab were checked in the morning and at all only one bird could be located; however at nest 6 a bird which I though was a ♂ landed giving a trial in a V-gliding position and I heard what I took to be canadensis song somewhere around nests 4 and 5. The ♂ on 6 sat very tight, almost allowing me to touch her and allowed approach to 2 feet. A pair was seen in the polygonized area E of AACS. One song and a single bird (not the same) seen in the VOTH area. 10 July. The pair Soy Fresh lake hill have 3 eggs, and only one bird was seen at the nest.

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R. DeBenedictis, 1965 Calidris canadensis 12 July Barrow, Alaska - all nests behind the bar checked and the only change being that Nest 4 has disappeared, not surprising considering the behavior of the 4. No pairs seen at any nest. 14 July The bird still sitting on nest 3. 15 July Nests 6+5 empty. A piece of egg shell was found near nest 6; it appeared to have been broken from the outside. 10 birds seen in distance. 20 July Nest 3 empty and no Bairds found in the area, though little search was made. 23 July Nest 7 hatching today, 2 chicks and 1 egg in the nest. The (?) was present and displayed vigorously in the manner of a Semipalmated Plover. To my and a pair of Pomarine Jaegers' presence, the calls differing only in that distinctive "chi-tsik" alarm call was frequently given. It flew quite near the jaegers when they approached the nest. The chicks are quite like semipalmateds in color and freeze very tight. 4 birds staging close together were seen feeding on the weasel road near USC+G 5in Central Marsh. They preferred to feed in the bare weasel tracks but occasionally went into the open, low grass along the road and would make 3-5 pecking motions, then probe deeply in a short burst in an area, moving about between feeding motions. One appeared more scaled on the back than most that I have seen date so far.

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Calidris brachydactyla 29 July Bering, Alaska - one seen in the western part of Holmes' moor. acts like a Semipalmated plover when jaegers are near - it would get up and fly in a wide circle about 30 feet up and covering 3-4 acres, calling "drrr wee", the semipalmated plover-like alarm note, and occasionally a high pitched "drrreeet" version of the flight call which reminded us some what of the whine of the Curlew Sandpiper. It landed in several spots wide apart and no chicks were seen. It fed one fixed in saturated grass 4" high, 25% cover, moss bottom, cutting light, and once on a low centre polygon ridge - wet, grass 2" high, 25% cover, Moss-lichen bottom, light cuttings, while I watched it.

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R D Benedictis 1965 Calidris bairdii Nest locations ARL to Microlet. N 1 4 5 6 7

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P. De Benedich 1965 Calidris baardi: NESTS NEST # DATE LOCATION SPATOS NOTES. 1 June 27 Barel area 2 eggs cup small; on low spare grass on high polygon near brough. incubated by A, both parents present. June 28 — empty, no birds in area. // // // // 2. June 28 Soft Hickomet Marsh legg J in attendance. on low dead grass in level area. June 29 2 eggs P.M. no birds in attendance. refers to nest of C. pusillus — see nest 5 & C. pusillus Nest 14, 3. (28) June 29 Gasline Ridge 4 eggs small cup; in grassy area on high polygon; found P.M. of June 28. parent very "broody". July 4, 9, 14 4 eggs only 4 present (?) & July 20 empty no birds in area

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris bailii NESTS Nest # DATE LOCATION STATUS NOTES 4. 1 July SE end Barrel area 3 eggs ♀ in attendance. July 2 " " in low grass on raised polygon July 7, " " ♀ in attendance July 12 empty no birds around 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 1 / 2 / 1 / 1, 5. 1 July S. Micromet Marsh 4 eggs ♀ in attendance. July 2 " " 4 eggs ♀ in attendance July 7, 12 " " (♀?) only noted, possibly two here. July 15 empty no birds in area 6. 2 July SE end Barrel area 4 eggs ♀ in attendance July 7, 12 " " (♀?) only noted; possibly 2 present. July 15 empty no birds in this area.

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P. DeBenedict 1965 Calidris pavidii NESTS NEST# DATE LOCATION STATUS NOTES 7 6 July S. Fresh lake Eggs on raised polygon in sparse dense grass; ?& only present. July 10 " " ~1330 " July 23 " " legg,2chicks one parent present only.

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P. De Benedetti 1965 Calidris melanotos 10 June Barrow, Alaska - a single bird was seen in in area near the Cell hut on a exposed, grassy ava a fundia, when it fed more or less actively & silently. 13 June Saw a group of 7 and 4 singletons along the W side of Family Lagoon in high polygonated area. The feed by rapid ? probing motions and worked rather grassy areas. No display. 14 June only a few, singly 8's seen. No display. 16 June 4 males seen by Elson Lagoon in the afternoon but no display. 17 June Saw a definite & today, hardly larger than a dunlin. There were also about 10 males in the area but no display. They feed heavily in the flood trenches between polygon and in flooded areas on level ground, particularly where there are over heavy cuttings. They normally put the entire bill (not its head) into the water and feed in bursts of rapid move- ments, apparently taken prey from the submerged cuttings. The flight note is variable but usually softer than that given by a dunlin and not as soft as a Baird's. Yellowish legs are quite conspicuous. 19 June Saw a little aerial display today. A male was seen 1st giving 8 deep, resonant "loo-it" calls in a deep flapping flight then went into a series of alternating rapid less deep flaps and V-glides, each segment flight activities lasting 1/2 to 1 second, and the bird

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris melanotos 19 June. Breeze, Horby - made a circle about 60-80 feet around and landed and began to feed. Later flushed a 2nd ? feeding with 2 dunlin; the 1st male (above) flown in giving a series of "hoo-it" calls, the heart deeply inflating, and landed near the 2nd ? which gave a harsh, short squeak [illegible] rather like the note of a snipe when flushed, but longer. The two then fed peacefully within 2-4 feet of each other for 2-3 minutes until I chased them away. All seen were ?s and feeding in rather wet areas. 20 June Saw one aerial display given by a ? chasing another bird of uncertain sex for about 100 yards, only the "hoo-it" call part noted. Saw one definite ? and one very reddish bird which I saw very poorly. 21 June Saw two aerial displays both apparently involving multiple ?s (2a3), in each case two birds flew, far off, the "hooting" male in pursuit: The male being chased occasionally gave a snipe-like call and the flight was very rapid. Somewhat less in evidence today as compared to yesterday. 22 June Saw one bird, which gave a series of "hoo-it" with both area and 1a2 along Elton lespoon, which was silent. 23 June At least 3 birds were in the area, by microset. Two were seen displaying on the ground on a row bank close to each other, and then took off together, giving the "hoo-it" call. About 3 minutes later [illegible]

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D. De Bredaich's 1965 Calidris melanotos 23 June Barrow Alaska - (cont.) same two 2's flew towards us the two giving the "hoopit" call and [illegible] near a trough about 15 feet away (? side by side); we then attempted to jump on top of another, the 2nd circling and pushing, the 1st off with its bill; they grabbed at each other's nostrils and wings with their beaks; The impression given was that each tried to mount the other; postures taken during this battle were an alert with loose chest.① ② ③ ② a crouch with tail up often gives when a bird was being mounted and ③ a parallel crouch with tail down gives by both birds on 3 occasions. At one time one ① [illegible] the other with tail down hold it by its nose while trying to make contact; each of the birds jumped on and over each other so they appeared to roll. The 1st on top was clearly seen to attempt to make cloacal contact, although this was never successful, and the impression given was off a copulation with an unwilling ④. After the third parallel crouch the two birds got up, the rear bird giving the "hoopit" call; often they had gone about 25 feet the front bird coaled as well.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Col. deis melanotus 23 June Barrow Alaska The two birds were clearly 8's as they were the same size and both hooded. No 9's were seen perhaps explaining why this took place, the 8's by now being ready to mate with any entity that looks like another Pectoral Sandpiper. This was seen by Dr. W.J. Breckenridge, who was at my side. 24 June. Two 8's, one of which hooded, and another flew in an arc, least distinguished but silent, on two occasions, and a lone 9 seen in the above area. A fledgling Ploceus feeding near this bird took one peek at the Pectoral's head, causing the Pectoral to fly. Saw a few males but only one displaying along Elson Lagoon in the afternoon. 25 June Only scattered birds were seen along the beach ridge, one 8 flying about with the chest expanded but not calling. In the afternoon 2 flight "hoots" were heard, 8's seen giving a brief chase to a 9 and this 9 was jumped from a low mound in a relatively level area on which a nesting pair was found. About 6 PM a chase involving 2 (almost constantly) and occasionally 3 8's and a 9 was seen, lasting almost a minute. No display but an occasional greeting call was heard. At the onset 2 8's were chasing the 9 who flew over 100 yards to an area where a 3rd flew judiciously. He got up, joined the chase for a few seconds, landed, the original 3 birds moved away, came back, the 3rd again joining the chase, then landing, and after this

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris melanotos 25 June Barrow, Alaska - a 2nd male also quit, the 84 flying past 80% yards and landed by one another in a polygon trough, but doing nothing after that. 26 June Saw or heard 2a 383 and a 9 near Pitelka's Census plot and heard 4 silent "hoot" calls well out in Holmes's Honors. The birds seen were all more interested in feeding than display. 27 June Saw 40 50s and 24s in the VOTH area, one of which for a changed seemed semi-idealized as it flew or a 40 ft. square area alternating low flopp and "hoot" calls with glides, wing and silent, waking the cat. No ground display and it took off and flew about 100 ft. away to join a 2nd 3 chasing 24s. Heard 6-10 area "hoot" displays in about 2 hours or the VOTH area and saw 2a 3 flying with the threat distanced. When they stand in this posture, the breast feathers are widely separated. 28 June All of a sudden there are 4s call over Nicasquet Marsh. [illegible], for the 1st time, more 4s than 5s. Heard only one two displays but saw several males flying about with their chests inflated, and giving the rising, and fueling flight. Watched one male fly high into the air (to 80 feet) in a rapid flight, twisting and turning as if it were chasing a 4 or another male but it was quite alone (it may have started out after a Phalarope). It walked towards a polygon on Nicasquet Marsh from which a 9 jumped up West I suspiciously and formed a nest with three eggs.

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P.D.Benedict's 1965 Calidris melanotos 28 June Barrow, Alaska - placed in tall dead grass and fairly well concealed. No distraction display and the 4 did not appear alarmed except when the jumped up. Saw one flying in over the Barrow area in the evening (02). The 4's present now are very pale and I have mistaken several for Baird's Sandpiper until I saw their yellow legs. None of the 4's seen today seemed very localized. 29 June The nest found yesterday has eggs now and the 4 went into a strong distraction display like C. pusillus in all aspects when I checked it. Birds near gasline Ridge and in the UOTH area but saw 18 chasing a flock of 4 females. There were males widely distributed today but heard very little booting; rather the birds flew silently with inflated throats or gave the snipe-like rasping calls; 4's still tend to be flushed and saw 2-3 small groups in the area of Klicomet Marsh; when I flushed a group of golden Plovers a few Pelecani got up and flew off with them, and birds seen were fairly restless. Chases seem between 4's were remarkably silent. 30 June This was the best day yet for the species so far as numbers go. The species was widely distributed but many individuals were still in flocks, which were of 4-10 birds in #. Although there was considerable chasing by 4's with the "garret" chopped choir was almost no booting; rather the rasping calls were the predominant ones heard. Flocks were usually one or only and when missed birds often appeared to be chasing others. On the ground the birds dispersed rather widely

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P. de Benedicts 1965 Colidris melanotos 30 June Barrow, Alaska - so that this gregariousness was not very evident. The species was rather generally distributed through Central Marsh but was somewhat more numerous in shallower areas toward the center of the marsh where grass was fairly high. All fed by jabbing or probing. One F with creamy-white outer primaries was seen and was very striking in flight. There was a small group in Wisconet Marsh and scattered Fs were seen along the ridge and in the polygonal area N of the ridge. 2 July Birds are still abundant, relatively speaking, in Central Marsh, being widely scattered in the marsh and a few small (B-B birds) groups seen flying near the ridge. Heard a clear rolling note from a F given as she fed and walked towards a 2nd pectoral; this note was unfamiliar. There was very little display flight, no "hoo-it"ing and little aggression shown by birds seen today. 3 July Dr. Pitelka found a nest with 5 eggs in the VOTH area but he couldn't get the F. 4 July Heard one bout of "hoo-iting" over the VOTH area and another near the Meadow Lakes. There are no longer any small flocks but the scattered birds, which were especially numerous in VOTH Slough, Footprint Lake and Central Marsh, often from groups of 2-4 where one flies about. 2 were seen flying with Western Sandpiper, q.v. The snipe-like call was given as after a "terreh" flight call.

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P. De Benedicti's 1965 Calidris melanotos 5 July Barrow, Alaska - There were none in SOTH trough today. They were scattered and not very social in Central Marsh, and very quiet, even when flushed. They were rather evenly distributed over the marsh as usual. One group of 5 was chased by jåe gers. Heard One "hooking" in the evening near lines III A-B and saw a ? get up, chase a ?; the chase was joined by a second ? and eventually another ? was added. Later saw a ? repeatedly approaching a ? on the ground; this ? would walk little and quipay and fly in an arc about 3 ft. radius away from the ? as it approached. The ? gave only a low, rough tosqui, call, "man", and, once after this ? flew some distance it flew after due and landed in a tail up posture: [illegible] and walked towards the ?, who flew off; its ? gave up after this and began to feed. 6 July They have much declined in numbers from even earlier this month. Saw only 3? and a? in Holmes' Marsh and the rest in Central Marsh. Those in the marsh were prone to get up and form flocks of 6-8 birds, often picking up a few phalaropes or smaller "peep" and circle the marsh, often rising to 40-50 feet, and thus landing again, but on the ground groups were not much in evidence. They are now more prevalent in wetter parts of the marsh than elsewhere and this are.

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P.D Benedict, 1965 Calidris melanotos 6 July Barrow, Alaska - at least 3-5% to every snow. 7 July Saw 283 together in the NW part of Miconut and about 25 birds in two groups in the main part of the marsh, only one of which was a & and a group of 5 (2Bs) out in the polygonized area East of AACs. Heard no hooting. The next still with 4 eggs and the & was attributed by a juvenile. Birds tended to fly up and circle the area when disturbed and were very social. Birds seen in the VOTH area were solitary and widely spaced but no display was seen or heard. 8 July Two groups were found near the VOTH area, one of 283 and 344 and the other of 25 + 5 to 6 &. The former group showed some interaction between 3& + &'s, the 3 approaching the & who jump up and flew about 3 feet away as the & moved rear. Both groups scattered on the ground but were quite compact when all were flushed. 9 July No display; there were 2 small (4-6 birds) groups in the VOTH area and a few slightly larger groups in the area from trees to Footprint Lake. There were a couple of large groups (80-20? birds) live and in VOTH slough, as well as singles and small groups. The flocks seemed to be of females primarily but several aggregations of &'s were seen. When flushed they would get up and circle around and land again, in nearly the same area as they took off.

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P. de Benedichis 1965 Calidris melanostrus 10 July Barrow, Alaska. They do not appear to have changed in status in Central Marsh from July 6, except that the flock size is larger, much as was noted yesterday. 11 July A few small groups noted on Footprint Lake and a small group on the slough at the NW end of Ithrauit. Elsewhere this appeared to be the most abundant Calidris and scolfield birds were constantly being flushed from wet areas. A & shooting He Chen appear to be recently laying, and a very saggy-breasted was seen for the first time in a while, walking in a very erect posture before a &, but no display was heard and no nest could be found. They are much less common or more than close to the lab but en to be are probably more numerous there than closer in. 12 July The nest in Miconut still with 4 eggs. A flock of &s and (u)Bs in the Marsh. 13 July A flock, loosely organizing of 25-30 O8TH slough feeding along the stream. They got up in groups of 3-10 when approached. No &s seen in this area. A few other &s seen in the O8TH area. Very scarce in Central Marsh and not seen near time V+II in Holmes' Meadow. 15 July The nest in Miconut still OK. Only one bird heard the entire day! 16 July A group of about 7 and 3-4 lone (all &s?) birds on the east side of Holmes' Meadow.

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Calidris 17 July Barrow, Alaska - about 25 pound in V0TH slough. They feed out in the stagnant sediments of the streams when the red grass has grown to provide good cover. They are much shyer than earlier in the year and flushed at fairly close approach. I suspect they are not feeding by subsurface type motion to the extent calidris in this year (but saw very few actual feeding type motions). A few were also seen near hine FIA along the port there and were similarly shy, 19 July The nest in Nicomet Marsh OK but the only probable bird seen were flying well up in theirs, circling over this area. 20 July I flew over the hines I-II and landed in the polygonal area west of the Casline Ridge. 21 July a group of 6 seen just N of Pitelka's census plot included 1 F. 22 July The nest behind AACS hauled at least one yamptus just leaving when I checked it about 10 AM. got photos. The 4 was very alarmed when I approached (more so than ever where there were eggs) and went into prolonged distraction displays; she came to 18 feet of me on several occasions. The young were not inclined to seen about today at all. See from Jaeger. A small group still in V0th slough feeding on the flat along the stream and in the stream, especially in openings in the tall grass (4 to 6") where they were hard to see. They were shy, not as bad as on 17 July but went into alert postures when approached.

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P. DeBenedictis 1964 Calidris melanotos 22 July Barrow, Alaska - and did not form as tight a flock as on 17 July. They still are clearly proven countin the remarks of that date. At least 1 and possibly 20's present. 23 July I with a flock of Golden Plover near the Beach Ridge. 24 July 2 males heard ("chermel") near the Gaswell Road at the O end of hives III were the only found today. 25 July generally sparse, compared to the area by the lab, commonly distributed south to T. Krovil. Many 7's and a few 8's seen, the largest group of 2 birds. The only flock was just west of foot print lake - about 15, mostly females. Two 7's when flushed flew about nervously giving a sharp, rather long and evenly spaced, "kat" note quite unlike anything I have heard from them before but reminiscent of the rail-like note not heard from dunlins today. 26 July Heard near line TUB:

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Colidei's melanostes 28 May Meade River Coal Mine, 15°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska 3 B's were seen sleeping in high polygonal area grown to Caneys-Saley 3-5" high and 1/2 snow covered on the dunes 2 Mi N of camp along the Meade R. When I approached them all 3 got up and flew X, calling the rough "Snipe" call. 29 May Two sem resting in spaced, grassy low Polygon areas in camp and a flock of at least 20 birds seen flying S along the Meade River about 1:30 PM. No noise, and no feeding activity seen. 30 May One B with two golden plovers in high polygon areas about 4 Km. from camp along the Meade. Not feeding. Thought I heard a song note. 31 May A B sem flying through camp about noon. 1 June A B sem feeding in a low polygon near camp and tattler flushed from similar habitat. No vocalizations heard. 2 June A big increase in #s now- One B feeding in low polygonal area in camp and 3-4 sem in flight near the creek; some song in the groups of males now, and much more alarming. One or two dunes feeder in open sand wet work birds feeding on the tops of the low polygon ridges where there is much moss. They feed with rapid shallow subsurface bill motions. Some song here, but little evidence that B's are established, and meet.

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Calidris melanotus -2 2 June 87-Ha. Meade River Carol Mino, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska are in small flocks. Saw one bird in flight that looked like a F, and one bird feeding in a field (sedge bed with 1-2" of water standing on ice and poplar ground. Many birds are flying across the river and there is some "hootery" from them. One or two through camp at mid-day. A few males seen in camp in the afternoon and 3-4 Fs near the "creek plot" in the evening. Saw 2Fs with a group of 6 dunlin (they, about 10 AM, feeding in a polygon trough. 3 June Several (4-5) Fs near the field, and some song heard. They feed out in the [illegible] polygons where they are nearly impossible to see. Occ. Fs stationed on high spots of the polygon ridges. Saw one prolonged fight between two males, which never seemed to be really resolved. One F appeared dominant throughout. The two birds would walk side by side in a crouched position, then one would go into a cup right position, its throat 1/2 inflated, and jump up 1-2 feet, its legs dangling, and fly over the other bird, which puffed its tail at and pec. pecked at the flying bird. After the wing was flipped just before a bird took off. fight lasted 3+ min. and the birds went 30'-40' up a snow bank and back down before one bird gave up and flew off; the other fed near this area, later took a station on a polygon ridge but ignored

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Calidris melanotos -3 3June Meacle River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska a three male chase that went over it. postures are: [illegible] 3. Two or 3 males were near the cresses plot, but little activity was noted - several asleep on the tundra and only one song - from a bird flushed - was heard. 4June 3 at 4 males near the village, more or less spaced out and some hooting going on. Saw one for the ground. Didn't seem much feeding, but I have less in question they like grassy areas than tundra. Many males just resting or looking out from polygon ridges. 5June They seem to be coming through this AM. 8s are scattered and scarce, but some display after 8:30 AM, and a few chases. Most were sitting quietly on polygon ridges and high spots on the ridges until about 9:30 when feeding seen. A group of 4 saw near the intersection of South right and Meacle River, and a 9 near there. Several small lots jinks near camp, flying by and some small group, chasing, near the village. Not much feeding seen. 6June. Several 8s about including 2-3 near camp. One has a territory in the area between camp and the AF Warmingas, and 8s go through them at their own

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Calidris melanotos -7 6 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaskan risk. Few birds seen feeding. Often they seem to be getting into the Camp marshes and the shallowly- flooded polygon troughs, where I can't see what they are doing. 7 June A few peristals seen near village creek and along IK malkvahl lake, feeding in shallow Camp marshes. It's conspicuous and not much P activity. Most numerous in the village plots. 8 June One a two near camp and a few in the village plots. A few resting out in the Camp marshes. This species seems to flushboat more in this region than do other sandpipers, but groups of more than 3-4 seldom seen. Often 2-3's seen during 5. 9 June P's little in evidence and now seen feeding; Some bootleg seen but not a lot and few (1 or 2) P's chases. Is very conspicuous but not in the Camp marshes as much as the P's? kept out by them. P's were often wetter than the P's. Hard to work with because they get in its tall grass where I can't see them. One or two near the camp plot - mostly off. Not clearly stationised low density. A few P's with migratory Red Phalarope Occasionally dropping out of the flocks and landing a while, but going as without much feeding activity.

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Calidris melanotos -5 10 June Meade River Coal Mine, 152025'W, 70024'N, Alaska. The 3's seem almost more interested than feeding. Very scarce S of camp, possibly only 3-58's in the 1 miles of shore here in area 6+ acres wide. 4s occasional, usually flushed from Carry marshes, whence they go into weedy polygonal areas to feed. 2's hard to see in the tall grass. 11 June 2nd common calidris here but very scarce. Much 3-58's chasing in. As low area south of South Ride with only 3-58's in the 1/2 two miles, flushed about 6-7s from Carry marshes. Mole ringing loudly. Not seen in the polygonal areas inland of here. 12 June A couple of 3's and a 4 near the 1st lake on Village Creek and 1a 2 along Lake Agassiz. Probably 1 3' (??) on the camera plot and 2a 3-58's seen, mostly in the gassy areas along the about E-W row of stakes. A little song. Still can't see the 4's when they are in the tall grass. 16 June Little in evidence during its afternoon, mostly along the SE edge of Lake Agassiz where two-3 3's and a couple 2's flushed from the Carry marshes. In the evening, there was some activity on the camera plot, including 1# shooting male and a 4 giving a mousse near the 1,2 stakes. Bird seen feeding at the edge of Carry pools. 17 June "Common" along the N part the Village flats and on the far side the Meade River opposite the North Dunes. Some hooting.

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Calidris melanotos 17 June Meagle River Coal Mine, 153°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska and 78 during. Fewer 9s in evidence. Seem to be in and around the Camp passes as usual, and as hard to see or ever. 19 June At least 2 8's on the plot and still singing a bit. 2 9's in the area. When I investigated a k-Tail Jaeger acting strange, I found a nut with 2 eggs in-tact and a eaten-out egg shell near by. The jaeger looked like it had eaten another egg. The 9 pectoral was about 10 m away and gave a weak distinction display when I approached. The eggs were still in the nut. 4 hrs. later, but cold. 20 June A couple seen in the polygonized area on the bluff of camp in the evening, not feeding. 20 June The most conspicuous solidine - or sheldrid - in the polygonized area NW of the village - 2 8's and 2-3 9's being seen. No 8's. A couple at the village fields. One 9 seen flying actively south along the river, once nearly landing on the wind gauge near camp. Two 8's fighting near the village, circling, wear each other with the back feathers puffed and then jumping in the air, but no contact made; the whole fight like 8's fights seen in others of this group. Semipalmated and Sanderling at least - 21 June The last two eggs, now cold, of the pectoral unit on the plot eaten by a parasitic jaeger after I moved time in the wet, about 11 A.M. Two 9's and 1 8 on the plot, both 9's with nests. A Semipalmated-Pectoral close seen once. No song.

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Calidris melanotos 3 July Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska One on the career plot. A group of 3-4 Fs and a F near the Coal mine, in flight. 4 July One or two males near the Black-belly rest, in the Carry marshes. When I flushed one it flew on to the Corvicularia flat and began to feed with a small group of Semipalms. A group of 3-5 in flight over Lake Agassiz and 1 or 2 seen on the Epagnum dikes on the lake, where they appeared to be feeding. Groups in flight give the "creep" flight note and occ. the swipe call, but no more booting. Not seen south of South Creek. 5 July Only 3-4 birds seen in the flat opposite North dunes, all near Carry pools. One was feeding, in a pool, but flew onto a dike before I shot it. Another in a pool flew on to a Corvicularia-Cotonia flat, where I shot at bird missed it. It ran to a place under there was a willow Bidiplaurium, and began to peck actively at the ground. Here I shot it. Others seen were resting quietly on the ridges between pools. Two Fs flushed from dry beds of a large lake, where there was a shallow, Carry flat. 6 July A F, churring a F and booting went through the plot, followed by a 2nd F The rested in a Carry marsh out of sight; only the Fs flushed later. While watching, a

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P. DeBenedetti 1965 Calidris melanotus 8 July Meade River Coal Mine, 157°05' W, 70°24' N, Alaska When I caught it, this & came in to about 7 feet; She only gave a distraction display once. No other chicks were seen. 11 July Two &s came up from the nearby Eirghorum- Canyon area by lake Agassiz near the Black-bully nest, and stood near the Plover when it gave alarm calls. They did not greet themselves. A & gave the alarm reception. I associate with chicks from a wary wet (saturated splayme.) Eirghorum-Canyon area near shallow Canyon pools just south of here. Plovers were not seen in the shallow pools elsewhere, nor on the deeper Eirghorum of Swett Ridge. 13 July

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris alpina 10 June Barrow, Alaska - (2) birds were found near a gravel area in the ARL area; I first flushed one bird, which flew in from the west, then after loosing track of it, flushed a bird from a graveled area; it flew out into the gully area a short distance but didn't remain in this area. Latter 2 birds were seen on a ridge in the Central Marsh and 6 (5 together +1) were seen on patches of exposed tundra in CRREL bird area. They were rather quiet and feeding quite a bit. 11 June. Saw only 4-6 birds out near the SE end of Family hogoon, and one feeding observation 001-11Jn-4P-1p-3C-0-0-j? (4/3sec) - 45+20 sec. The bird was feeding mostly in grass cut by lemming and I saw it take at least 12 food items. In the evening heard the song, a more musical version of the fall and longer, and a second singer pitched descending tull. Birds very scattered. 12 June Saw only 2 birds along the beach ridge in the afternoon but 4 in the morning when cleaning hennings. There were quite a few out in the 50TH area and along the W side Family hogoon, including 4 to 5 groups of 4-6 and one group 2?. There was considerable flight display and many pairs but little evidence of courtship activity. Birds tended to feed in grassy, upland areas and remain in one spot more than any other species of Calidris.

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P. De Benedittis 1965 Calidius alpinus 17June Bayou, Alaska - Some territorial flight display and similar notes given from the ground, and 1 "Nest cup display" and a few chores. Then were at least 3 flocks of 12-15 birds in this area. Between Fanny & South Salt Logos, but also several isolated pairs. None seem tied down to an area and all seem to tolerate intrusion of flocks, although some chasing wake takes place on the ground in the groups. They showed a pronounced tendency to feed in higher slope areas but were also seen feeding in the troughs and along with puddles. 18June Considerable aerial display today and a little, simple ground display, primarily in colony wing ups as it was tailed for June 15 and wing ups after landing. Most birds seem appeared to paired and territorial and only 1 were seen on the Beach ridge. 19June There were markedly fewer birds present in the area visited June 17 but the loss seems to be in birds which were in flocks at earlier dates. Those present were vocal; I saw many aerial flight display and one was out on the ground but with elk. The density of this species is apparently quite low. 20June Aerial display not infrequent today; saw a wing out like that noted for C. bairdii and pusillus, and one attempted copulation; the bird wanted was not receptive and appeared to fight the male

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P.D. Benedict 1965 Calidris alpinae 20 June. Barrow, Alaska - off later. One or two attempted displays seen. No non-territorial birds seen. In the attempted copulation the one bird chased the other (see ?) with a fluffed out posture, the wing folded but held away from the body. 21 June. Dunlin had almost entirely disappeared from the area between H+S. Salt hogans, the only birds seen being, displaying 3's near Britton's area. 22 June. Dunlin are more in evidence towards the 50th area there, towards the ocean and were not very active although (1 or 2 displays seen (no ground display)) They seem to have moved into better areas, which were not available earlier in the season, for feeding. There were many pairs along Elson's hogan and a fair amount of aerial display was seen as well as a series of wing outs followed by a ? pursuit close. 23 June. Saw one bird get up and chase a 3 Lapland Longspur which flew over, but did not make contact it turned away before the longspur landed. Saw three together at one Twin and heard 2-4 flight songs but saw no ground display other than a trill given in an alert posture. 24 June. Only 1 pair noted for sure and little display seen in the above area. The species was more numerous in the Elson hogan trees but no sign of nesting was obtained. They are either found alone or in pairs and a fair degree of aerial song was observed considering

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P. D. Bevendicht 1965 Colidius alpinus 24 June Barrow, Alaska - the amount of wind. One was chased for some time by a Golden Plover, g.p. 25 June Birds seen in the morning were widely spaced and seemed to be either in pairs or singles. A little arrival display was seen and heard, this being one of the more vocal species encountered on a very quiet morning. On one occasion 3 birds were beginning seen in a prolonged chaced. Several birds begun the primary molt were seen in the afternoon - a displaying ♂ missing the 1st inner primary, 2 displaying ♂ (separated) missing both inner primaries, and 2 silent birds (except for short flight and flight call-note) missing both inner primaries. The molting birds all seemed to be alone, but several non-molting singles were also seen; one of the molting displaying's was with a non-molting bird that gave a very short display, and one chase involving a "good" pair + a molting ♂ was seen. The flight display consists of two segments: the bird flies to 30 to 80 feet up and hovers giving a low, rough, fry like "drroooos"; 3 to 6 turns (at present), then glides or flaps like a Spotted Sandpiper moving usually down giving a rough, descending call "Wreeeeeeee" of variable length (0.5 - 1.5 sec.) and thus repeats or lands. One was seen being chased by a White-camp, and did not fight back.

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P. De Bevedich's 1965 Calidris alpinae 26 June Barrow, Alaska - there was more aerial display over Holmes's Marsh this afternoon than I have heard for some time. A bird seemed quite nervous about our approach and I saw it flying as if off a nest which Dr. Pitelka found. I was in tall (3-4") NEST 1 dead grass and contained 4 eggs, located about 35 feet from a jaegle's nest. 27 June Saw 3-4 birds with wing molt and found 1 nest in the Oostl area containing 4 eggs. The bird was obviously nervous about our approach and stood in an alert posture when approached. In contrast to Bairds & Semipals they do not fly well when going near the nest but run in a rather crouched, almost mouse like posture for as much as 100-200 feet before going to the nest, which is approached very indirectly. The bird sat once as if incubating under well away from the nest. The nest was out in rather sparse gross, well cupped over by the grassy cup; kliiip but no sure that the incubating bird was beginning its molt. Birds were fairly noisy in the Oostl area but few and far between everywhere else. 28 June Saw a nest with 3 eggs in Micanet Marsh, the nest was in grassy level ground and fairly well concealed. The bird flew off giving a distraction display quite like that of P. pusillus (g.v.) and gave a similar, high pitched call, which at one time attracted a Pectoral, a Semipal & a Snow Bunting. Saw 4-5 Melting birds and found them to be generally

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P. De Benedicht 1965 Calidris alpina 28 June Barrow, Alaska - clistikelled and little more numerous than Golden Plovers from about Micsnut Marsh on to the vicinity of gasline Ridge. In the evening saw one flying capriciously inland over the Barrel area giving a lighter pitched, double call not which I have not heard before. 29 June Birds were rather silent today and almost all seen were in primary molt. The nest in Micsnut is still 3 eggs only and the 4 egg nest in the V8TH area is unchallenged. Hamilton found a suit on the Beach Ridge near the FAA tower. Two birds in display covered a very large area, at least 1000 feet, unchallenged. 30 June Relatively few seen in Central Marsh, perhaps one of the less common (of its regulars) in this marsh and seen predominantly along the edge of the marsh. The nest near Micsnut still contains 3 eggs and got a stony distraction display from the Wodeling bird, which sat very tiger. 1 July Saw 2 birds, both with primary molt near the Micsnut Nest and the bird still sit tight. When (she) jumped (she) went into a wing out distraction display at first sight into the usual field we far away; [illegible] this was more plain like than the other Calidrice I have seen may indicate a greater tendency "to want to fly" on this part of the bird.

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P. De Breda 1965 Calidris alpina 2 July Barrow, Alaska - Still 3 eggs in Nest 3 but no birds around. Hamilton said the eggs were warm this evening. 4 July Except for a Burst of Semipalmated Song this was the most Calidris today everywhere. Heard at least 5 songs involving the pognote and many trills; the birds are quite inconspicuous and all seen are in primary molt. 5 July found a nest with 4 eggs between hives IIIA-B and saw one other nest towards hive IV; the birds are still slightly vocal, aerial display but are very inconspicuous, flying close to the ground and apparently only with difficulty. They go some distance from the nest when disturbed. Saw 28's together plus a few singles, probably ½ pair. All are molting 6 July For the 1st time under good conditions heard no songs with the pog note although I did not hear trills given by birds as they flew low and landed, often in a V-glide posture. This was the commonest Calidris seen everywhere except Central Marsh today, but most were very concealed about my presence & saw 2 in distraction displays along Elson Lagoon. None seen in Central Marsh. 7 July Two pursuit back in Micronet and one on west 3 sat so tight I was able to touch it. Still 3 eggs. Nests 2,4 and 5 all contained 4 eggs and were attended by at least one bird. Heard a little song in the North House during the afternoon, though most noise was the trill. rather than the pog note.

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Calidris alpina P. DeBenedictis 1965 8 July Barrow, Alaska - Dunlin were more visually conspicuous today than any other date previously, and I saw 4 birds together for the first time in days. They got along fairly well although one went into a wing up & chased a 2nd bird a 2 ft. for two occasions, never for enough to break up the group. Two scattered pairs and 2-3 lone birds were seen and one was found associated with a small group of Rarituals, and another with a flock of Semipals. When the bird was flushed from Nest 4, it chased the passerine of nest 20 when the latter approached the dunlin's nest. No frog note songs but a fair amount of aerial tills considering the sound. 9 July McLean found a 3 egg nest W of VOTH slough in the afternoon. It was in moderately tall grass and fairly well covered. The brooding bird gave a good distraction display. Heard one complete song in VOTH area in the evening. 10 July A nest with Beggs was found S of [illegible] along the gasoline in the morning and 3, 4 egg nests were found along Elton hugoon in the evening. They are calling more than any of its other shorebirds, the passerine trill heard frequently, but no frog note heard. 11 July This was the utmost the only Calidris seen except [illegible] in the 1 Karovik region. It was a common here as anyplace and appeared to be nesting; best nests could be located; several obviously setting birds were seen and 3-6 parachuting tills were heard; no evidence of flocking noted.

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P. De Benedict. 1965 Calidris alpina 12 July Barrow, Alaska - the nest near CSETES contains 3 eggs and the nest in Micsuit Marsh also 3 eggs, birds stilling. Checked nests in the VSTH area to find that Nest 2 contained 4 fully hatched chicks, and Nest 4 contained egg. McClean found a new nest, which contained 2 fully hatched day + 1 wet chicks and 1 piped egg. little crow but some parachuting. 13 July Nest 4 still was empty today and no birds were found in the area. Nest 2 area not checked. I noted 4 birds along the road in a area where 2 seen 12 July and thought they might be finding young, as they seemed very concerned by my presence, giving a loud whining note when I came near. One seemed to settle on something and tilled --- softly; This proved to be a downy chick. Eventually one chick began a high pitched clear descending call, rather like the trill in form, and I located a 2nd chick in a lemming burrow; this parents flew near and gave this descending note which quibbled to chicks somewhere and I took this to be a courting of poss. The damage near by. Eventually 4 chicks were located in its area, and these were brooded by 3 adults; a 4th adult tended 4 more chicks across the "Gordie Freeway" from the 1st 4 chicks. DeClement seemed only to force the two pairs as one bird freely crossed the road. Apparently they will accept foreign chicks.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Colidius alpina 13 July Barrow, Alaska - The adults seemed to be out of each other and no clutches were seen although birds seldom came into close contact. The chicks froze at my approach and were difficult to see. They would not move even when disturbed with my foot. Nest 9 contained 3 eggs. 14 July Nests 10 and that near USC+55 with eggs. A group of 5 found in the ponds W of line 2+3 and 2 seen in Central Beach. Still hear a little parachuting as the coming molt of individuals is less evident due to feather growth. There are several pairs obviously nesting on gasoline Ridge S of hills BTT, but we were unable to find any nests. 15 July The bride on nest 3 sitting. Not many seen during the day but a piece of egg shell was found near line 5T on Pitelka's census plot in the evening. 16 July One of the nests found 10 July smashed by the silver not checked. Saltated birds seen along Elson bayou but not elsewhere. From the egg contents this nest above was not a very old one, and Nest 3 eggs found. The nest appeared to have been stepped upon. 17 July Adults in the area where found 13 July and two young were seen. The chicks are much stronger now and when approached they get up and run; they can move! The adults seem as inclined to brood as earlier and the chicks look larger but not much plumage change. 19 July Nest 3 hatched, 3 young ready to leave the nest and 1 adult in the area.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris alpina 20 July Barrow, Alaska - Most birds seen were on Gathline Ridge, south of the Trapline and acted like they had young in nests. No song but still considerable parachuting and taila. 21 July At least 3 on Pitelka's Plot, one not seen and two [illegible] but not associated with a flock of golden plovers. Not many along Elm hayrorn and the N most nest was empty. 22 July Two pairs that acted like they had young were found at the west end of line III. At one time all 4 gave distraction displays and they gave the loud call that seems to mean - "chance, don't move chick!" but no chicks could be found. They fed in grassy areas which were wet near three polygon (ridges) where they were 1st seen, and the two pairs were not closely associated. 23 July A lone bird seen in low, moderately wet grass on the AE edge of Central Marsh. The USCTGS nest empty. 24 July Only one pair noted near Line III. There were about 3 pairs on the flats across (out of) 150TH creek from the Voth area. I several times jumped birds that looked like they were brooding circulatig beet found not young in nests and we've got as strong a alarm reaction (no distraction display) as I have sometimes in the past. None these birds was my impression based forth on the behavior and spacing of the birds that they were breeders with chicks. Heard 3-5 parachute trills.

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Calidris alpina 25July Barrow, Alaska. - adults were widely and conspicuously spaced in the area south of Itravik, mostly at the margins of dry wet flats well covered with grass around the large lakes. Three broods of young were seen, all the chicks wild flight (feather capsules- still down tipped - projectile, about ½ inch) and the body feathering downy. Three chicks were found at two of the broods and 4 at the other. Little song. One adult by a click caught for photography gave a sharp "tsch" note in space series — — — — — and so on, each time pulling the head down and flipping the tail up; the whole effect was quite rail-like. It gave a call intermediate between this and the "Kerrit" flight call when it flew. 29July One with two clicks about the size of those above along the edge of a small pond in Holme's Harbour. The chicks were seen in a fairly dry, grassy area but were fleeing when I¹st saw and the adult was feeding in a fairly wet area when found. No flocks seen, all birds appear to have young.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Calidris alpinus NESTS NEST # DATE LOCATION STATUS NOTES 1. 26 June Nead Pitelka's plot 4eggs in tall dead grass, fairly well concealed. 2 July empty side Dr. Pitelka 2. 27 June NE of Voth area 4eggs on slight slope in rather sparse grass, the rim well cupped over, ? parent molting. #July 7,8 4eggs 2 present July 12 4 young in nest cup, f? present 3. 28 June Hicromet Marsh 3eggs well concealed on level grassy area 24 June " " parent sitting and giving good distraction on approach of nest. 30 June " " 1 July 3eggs afternoon; ? parent, both with #0 molt. no birds seen. 2 July " " July 7,12, " " f? present July 15 " " one sitting. July 19 3 young one adult present, young in nest, no sells.

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P. D. Benedich 1965 Calidris alpinus NESTS NEST# DATE LOCATION STATUS NOTES 4 June 29 Britton's Area 1 egg in grass on ridge top; found by Hamilton. July 7,8,9,12 1 egg one present July 13 empty no birds seen in area. 5. July 5 J. Britton's 1 egg in grass on low polygon well done written July 7,8 empty 6-8 see NOTES McClean 7 July 9 VOTH SKOACH 3 eggs in grass in low polygonised. July 13 " " "

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P. De Benedichs 1965 Calidris alpina Notes Nest# DATE LOCATION STATUS NOTES 10 10 July S. Micomet 3 egg ♀ present; in wool grow on slope 14 July " one permit 11. 10 July shore Elson hagon 4 egg near Braunt Pt. snowy Owl, in moderate tall grass 21 July " empty no birds in area (no catch). 12 10 July shore Elson hagon 4 egg near Braunt owl nest in moist, tall grass 14 July broken up, 3 eggs found in area. 13 10 July shore Elson hagon 4 egg near wolfschlag, in moist, tall grass.

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P. DeBenedicks 1965 Calidris alpinae NESTS. Nest# DATE LOCATION STATUS NOTES 14 12 July Vothana 3y, 1pip.egg in tall grass on slope to Voth creek; not shaded. one young recently hatched.

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Calidris alpina 31 May Meade River Coal Mine, 159°35'W, 70°29'N, Alaska They formally came in. I saw at least two feeding in exposed ground near the village creek and heard 3-4 flight songs in the sparsely covered area north of there. There were two near the "census" plot in the afternoon and one or two flew through camp during midday. 1 June. They appear to have greatly increased in numbers. Two feeding with turnstones in a open grassy-moss ground scald were jarring actively in the moss-ground in pozen. A flock of 21 birds was feeding in similar, but more Terrain a short distance away. Here some low (6-8") willows in the vicinity were ignored. All the birds were feeding very vigorously, jarring into the moss between grass clumps, as best I could tell. 4 or five birds seen in similar habitat near camp. When the willows are large enough to attain 10s., they are avoided but the very low, bare-stemmed matting willows are ignored. Little song or display, and not much evidence of pairing or territorial behavior yet. 2 June. No large groups but flocks of 4-6 were seen at the creek, on the lower south end of the village, in the flats along the River north of the Village, and in forest along the river. A few pairs scattered in places where there's a fair amount of grass with thicker underbrush. They feed in bursts of rapid jabs, usually in

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Calideis alpina -2 2 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska Bros between grass tufts below, in the dumps of grass themselves, and are reticuled to the high areas considered to the melt patterns. Most of this feeding effect appears to be subsurface but is limited by the shallowness of the thaw. There is little ground display, the birds being very sociable, and the only song heard was near the village, this given only for a short period in the A.M. In the evening there were a few birds in the "clear plot" area 50f camp, not lone or in pair and giving the impression that they are looking the place over where land is being exposed. There was a flock of 6 on the plot along the ridge when I returned, feeding in the many areas along the edges of polygons. 3 June No Hoops seen the A.M. A pair along the creek and 1-2 behind the village. two pairs in the flats N of the village. Very noise but little prolonged song. Most appear to be mated the the pairs stick close together. They show little preference in feeding except that the vegetation is low and there is more on the ground. They feed most with rapid jab, molluscs. When I try to get close to them, they become very alert and usually stop feeding, watch me awhile and fly off 50 to 100 yards; sometimes they give the alarm "weeatt weeatt" note. There were 2-3

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Calidris alpina -3 3 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W; 70°29'N, Alaska pairs near the census plot in the evening and heard one long song boat. A group of 5 birds of the plot along the river. They now seem to perch on the ridges about what appear to be flooded Carey ponds, which are now snow covered. They seem to feed mostly in the morn where the grass clumps are fairly well spaced, and are always alert and not easy to approach. With ground display except during rain (not noted). But one ground song was seen. Saw one Calidris in a group of 5 picking feathers from its belly. 4 June Birds near the village are mostly paired. Some chasing involving 3 birds and a few long song boats. Little ground display. Birds are moving into areas where the ground is moist and more covered, but not too much covered with grass, and are finding spots where the entire bill can be inserted into the ground. A few more approachable birds are present now. None act like nests are around yet. 5 June South of camp they seem to be localized in the Carey marsh areas where the 8's are stationed on the polygon and pond ridges. Birds very inactive until 2, when the 8's began a whispering, low-pitched ground song which I have not heard before, a lower longer "peg call" than the flight song, which I have not heard in this day time. No activity except song and chase until about 4:30, when a 1.7/4 feeding seen. There are none on the dry ridges now.

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Culicidus alpina -4 5 June Pleade River Coal Mine, 157°025'W, 70°29'N, Alaska. The pairs are closely associated and the tail-up, 2- wing-up ground display occasionally seen, though old, impaired birds are present. Saw some birds plucking bloodpatches. There are about 3? in the camp area and there seem to be most numerous near the village. Few long bouts of song, possibly because they come in so slowly that local birds are well established territorially before new ones arrive. Seldom see them with pectorals, as they are now in more exposed and after degree areas. Not sure, however, just how three two pairs will divide the area up. 6 June Little change near camp. One long chase + fight with 3 birds involved, much wing-up display. Birds active about camp feeding in saturated moist areas and in the disturbed areas near the village. Seldom see them around Carr's pools as are the Semipalm. No evidence of migrants. Birds quiet due to weather. 7 June Dunlin were seen along the village creek and the village flats, and along the shore of Itwakale lake, with much chasing in the latter area. No long song bouts. Birds not in the Carr's marshes to any great extent but in over nearby areas with more a few pairs. 8 June 1-2 pairs near the census plot. Occ. feeding in high polygonal areas and on the tops of pond margin. Flushed a bird N of the census plot that almost

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Calidris alpina - 5 8 June Meade River Coal Mine, 15°02'W, 70°24'N, Alaska Certainly came off a nest, which I couldn't find. Not as conspicuous near the village as earlier and apparently spreading out more; birds not seen feeding. A little song heard. 9 June One of 2 pairs along the creek and 3 pair behind the village. Many birds seen in the late A.M. sitting on the polygon ridge but not feeding. Considerable conspicuousness in the village but little prolonged song. Only 1/2 on the village flats now. This species does not seem to be very common. Much song at and beyond the 5,6 stake of the census plot. The pair not in the area where I thought the nest was earlier, and only 1-2 pairs on the plot - low density. 10 June Probably a pair on the census plot but most of its noise coming from the village and from the area SW of the census plot. Not much activity and I don't see them on the ground very often. 11 June Only two pairs seen along south ridge, one bird collected, which could have a mist now. A little song from the dues on the far side of its headed K. Orbou. The bird collected today had a BIG color- pilar and a tipulid in its gullet. They are really severe! 12 June A 3 near the 1st lake of village creek. 1 or 2 pairs pully on the census plot but little activity there. Some singing from the south, as usual. Not at all as common here as at Barrow.

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Calidris alpina - 6 16 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska Still obviously present at the South end of Lake Agassiz and N of South ridge. No aerial song. Birds here at Barrow beginning the primary molt. 3 birds on the census plot, certainly one pair which is found somewhat to the north. 17 June At least one pair at the SW part of Lake Agassiz, awetis on the ridge to Lake Itkmakrak, and 2 mi's N camp. One on the far side of the Meade. No feathers seen. 18 June A pair near the village in the S. Haye plot, both with signs of primary molt. 19 June A pair on the census plot acting like they had a nest, but wouldn't set. Both with primary molt. When they flew off together, the 7 sang. Later a little song at 6.6 stakes. At least two pairs on the bluff 2 mi. S of camp on the far side of the Meade River. One bird followed me around as I strolled it, staying just off shot strange the whole time, and never appears to feed. 20 June At least two pairs between the village and Lake Knud, judging from the still aerial display heard, but none on the ground. 21 June At least two pairs on the census plot area but none seen on the ground. A pair between the two lakes on the W boundary of the plot. 26 June A pair on the census plot, but no evidence of a nest.

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Colibri alpina 27 June Pleasle River Coal Flue, 15°02'5"W, 70°29'N. Alaska A bird came in giving the alarm call when I got on the highland polygonal area, which I collected. A 2nd subsp. was in the area. 28 June The birds on the census plot were very active this morning, singing in the air and on the ground. The wing up display given frequently. The birds on the ground much about in concealed parties but would not sit. The pair were on the plot, one on the fleet area on the W part of the plot and one on the flats on a SE part of the plot, with most area of the plot. With I could find their denned part! 29 June A few widely scattered birds heard in upland areas inland from camp. 30 June A bird came on to the census plot from the lake Agassiz region and snuck off as if going to a nest near the 2.5 streak, where I have seen them before. Couldn't find it. Later flushed a bird that acted suspiciously like it came from a nest near the 5.5 semipod nest. Like in June, when they are on the ground they tend to crouch in the grass and run around like mice, occasionally appearing to peck at surface objects. They are almost always in the flat day Eriophorum area. Later saw 3 birds in similar habitat near the Curriculaceae-Cottarica flats but not on them, and never saw them feed, as they gave alarm calls and went into alert postures as soon as I

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Calidris alpina 30 June Meade River Cold Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska Found them. 1 July Not seen at all in the Village flat- sillage dune area, nor in the region by North dunes. 3/July A ♀ (~2 birds) near the 5.5 marker of the Census plot seem strongly attached to the area, not flushing when I got near them. When approached they give a harsh loud, "dareepp!" call and go into an alert posture. When not alarmed they are often in the Eriophorum areas where it is fairly dry and sneak around, apparently surface feeding. When they arrived later this at Buretto last year, they usually had chicks. Couldn't get them to brood, or find any sign of nest. 4 July There were 3 or 4, probably 1, pairs in this area just E Spiles lakes by the census plot. The first two were just beyond Smith Ridge, where they were out in a flat, almost dry Eriophorum area, and feeding around the clumps of Eriophorum when they weren't scolding us. The next pair was near the golden flowers, and one birds became very excited and gave a call like a little rail, from a rail-like posture, and sounding like it was chokkeep. The other bird rose in an upright and gave a loud "dareepp" call occasionally. There were two on the census plot near the 5.5 post

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Calidris alpina 4 July Nlade River Coal Mine, (57°25'W, 70°28'N, Alaska as usual, and also gave the "streak" call on my approach, though when I backed off, all they did was feed in some slightly flooded and wet Eriophorum flats, feeding largely between cumps of Eriophorum and evidently on the surface. The pair was also present near the plane net as usual, and gave me the same treatment. They certainly act like they have chicks. All were in the Eriophorum area except the pair by the golden plaves, and here Eriophorus was near. 5 July Only one seen on the flats opposite the North dunes, one on a Eriophorum ridge between pools and one on a Cornicularia-Cotana flat. 6 July There were more birds near the plot than usual; two towards the beake from the plane net, and two near the 5.5 marker, where they continue to act like they had chicks. They are localized in a wet Eriophorus flat area, except the adults are doing much surface feeding [not displacement]. Three birds in the area along the 3.6 post, all out in the Eriophorus flats, two of the birds feeding. They flew off when I approached. Though one seemed a little attached to this area. 8 July Dunlin which appeared alarmed about my presence (not seen feeding) were found in wet today Eriophorus flat near the Black-belly

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P. de Benedetti 1966 Calidris alpina 8 July Meadow River Coal Mine [illegible] (57°02'5"W, 78°29'4"N, Alaska) Pluvier nest (2) and on the cormorant plot (2). No clucks seen yet. 9 July The only double noted by the cormorant plot was a pair giving clucks from West Eriophorus (over spagnum; west Coos) to the west of the pluvier nest. 11 July Still a pair on the Eriophorus flats near the Pluvier nest and others (2) on the Eriophorus flat on South ridge, once in the west Eriophorus between the Coos marshes south west of the cormorant plot. None seen on the cormorant plot. Other than a tendency to stay in the Eriophorus, can't tell what they are doing, and am unable to find clucks though they are probably old birds.

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P. D. Benedict 1965 Calidris ferruginea 25 June Barrow, Alaska - a bird found by Dr. Pikelka at the W end of his census plot was seen today by 4 observers including my self. It (as yesterday) associated very loosely with a small group (2-3) of Turnstones and worked a polygonized area now being exposed. First found it was giving, the flight song, of which the descending whines were audible. When it was closer could hear the song, according to Dr. Pikelka a short tend version, which centered around the complex phase and consisted of 3-5 doublets, its 4 partied phase (which is rather Bunting- Passerina-like) and the 3-5 whines. No flight notes seen. The only time I saw if feed, it was along the the top of a polygon ridge or latter opposed open area, and appeared only to peek at its surface without inserting the bird into the soil. It was very high reddish buff on the head and breast and the white croup was distinctly marked with dark on the feather Tips; the wing stripes was pronounced and the under- way was white strongly contrasting (more so than any other small Calidris) with the neatly underparts. The bird appeared somewhat thinner and Calidris + the body seemed proportionally larger, making the whole bird look a little bigger. 26 June Still present and quite vocal. It gives the doublets alone frequently and sometimes only the 4 part phase; the whines so only are not all at censusual. Saw it chasing a Baird's Sandpiper 2 Xs on one occasion.

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P. De Benedetti 1965 Tryngites subnutricollis 12 June Barrow, Alaska - I flew up to Rob Flannelton + me at the UOTLance, going over us and landing behind a mound a short distance away; before we could get to it it jumped up, flew back over us and out away towards the Beach ridge. When it flew over it was entirely buffy on the underparts contrasting with chocolate wing - lining and above it showed very little pattern; its breast appeared to be a bit darker, and it was silent. It was larger than a dunlin, smaller than a plover. 17 June Watched a single bird for some time as it fed on the largest parts of a level area in open sandy areas or wet, almost dry, sort. It fed by rapid peeks and now about constantly between peeks. It covered about 20 ft while I watched, excluding two fights totaling about the same lengths and stayed with 4 dunlin part of the twin, although the two ignored each other. It was silent. It is a big-bodied, big-headed bird with a thin black bill and fluorescent orange-yellow legs; the back is sharply black spotted and the sides of the breast are lightly streaked and its lower belly is paler than the rest of the underparts; the bill is very thin like a Northern Phalarope. In fight it shows no pattern above although the tail, which is almost pointed, is marked with fine black transverse bars; the wings are bordered with darker color beneath.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Limnodromus scolopaceus 20 June Barrow, Alaska - two were seen flying in from the W and landing in a trough area near the SE end S. Salt hogorn about 1:30 p.m. Not heard but neither need to understand. 21 June Two birds seen in the area where we saw these two land yesterday and definitely this species. They fed in a flooded polygon trough and by rapid jabbing motions sliding only the terminal thirds of the bill in the substrate. 24 June Two feeding in a flooded trough in 2" water with rapid jabs of the bill, inserting only the tip 1/3 or so. They gave a short note rather like that of a Turnstone when approached but didn't flush. 25 June A pair was seen feeding in a flood area at the NE end of Central Marsh and 2 were seen on two occasions near the North area. The pair in Central Marsh gave a complicated, callowing call, a short burst of notes followed by a longer, slightly descending trill. 27 June Saw and heard one on two occasions in the Bavel area and saw one with a golden Plover in flight and saw the same or more likely another in short displays over the polygonized area near West A-B. The flight call given by displaying birds is a "rolling, staccato" "pli-ri-ri-rip" and the display call, given in a flopping flight 30-45 feet up is a "p'p ple-e-e-e-p" or "p'p plu-u-u-u-u-p" similar in quality to the above flight note. The usual "Keek" note was only seldom heard.

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P. D. Benedict's 1965 Limonodromas scolopaceus 28 June Bourou, Alaska - 3 rather silent birds ("keek" not only) were seen near Micconet Marsh, a pair and a lone bird which sometimes joined the pair. The only one seen feeding was "jabbing" in a shallowly flooded area with Redhead Sandpipers. 29 June Saw singles near Line I+III, over the VOTH area and at Micconet Marsh, the 1st and last displaying a Mistle. 30 June This was the most conspicuous and almost the most abundant species on Central Marsh; they fed in fairly grumpy areas and tended to keep in groups and at least in pairs. The rolling display note was given about 10 times for each keek note, and the doubled display song, given in flight, was frequently heard. They were much less vocal in the evening. In addition to the birds on Central Marsh I saw about 6 in the polygonal ground pool the Bevel Ridge and 2 in Micconet Marsh. 2 July Duskhellers were found widely in the area covered but were clearly not as common as on June 30. They were much less vocal, no display notes being heard and only occasional "keek" notes from birds which I flushed. The tendency for birds to be in pairs was much less marked today. 3 July about 40 in VOTH slough and 10 in Micconet. 4 July 3 birds in an aerial chase were seen over triplifies III-A-B, and disappeared to SW. at least one gave a song which I can transcribe as: pl pl pl pl ee pl pl ee pl pl ee pl pl eee ---5---

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Limnodromus scolopaceus 4 July Barrow, Alaska - the phrases being fast, low and nothing, almost staccato. Couldn't tell which was calling. There were about 45±5 birds in VOTH slough, mostly silent. The majority (80%) feed out in the stream or in pools, the remainder didn't feed or were in boggy-greasy- mud. The bill was only shallowly inserted into the ground. The "keek" note was the one most often given, but occasional segments "pl pl pl pl...." of the song were given, under uncertain circumstances. One group of about 20 was very flighty and kept jumping up and flying & landing again - they gave only the "keek" note. The rest were more slow and from these only were given the song phrases. A lone bird of this group was seen to get up and fly rapidly and strongly along the creek about 3 feet from the ground - 3 times it sidely twisted swipe like, rose 10-20 feet up and descended to the original level, continuing to twist as if it were being or were chasing; it finally landed along the creek and fed. It seemed to be a male. Two lone birds were seen, one W of Gasline Ridge & the other along Central Marsh, that allowed close approach. The only other seen were a group of 80±10 in the SE part of Central Marsh and 39 in the W-central part of the marsh. They acted much like those in VOTH slough, but were not so flighty and were associated with Golden Plowes. A ♀ was seen to chase a ♂ in a hunched posture similar to many Calidris, and a ♂ was seen to rise from a flock & fly towards another group giving a partial song, but nothing else happened.

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P. De Benedich's 1965 Limnodromus scolopaceus 5 July Barrow, Alaska - There were only about 30 in VOTH slough this morning, and other than 1 short partial song and a few keek notes they were quite silent. They fed mostly in the creek. In the afternoon several small groups (up to 10) were seen in Central Marsh near Pitelka's plot but no calling was heard aside than the "keek" note when the flocks flew. A few solitary birds but most were quite social, and those in Central Marsh were with Plovers. 6 July There are probably as many in Central Marsh as ever, for the group along the SW end is still there in addition to a group of ~ 20 at the NE end and a few isolated individuals. The small flock at the NE end got up once and circled the marsh a couple of times and landed again, giving the "keek" note while in flight. Heard 3-4 bursts of song, one which might be diagonal -- my ______ and lasted about 1 second. Isolated song elements usually are at terminal trill only. 7 July A pair seen in Micronat Marsh, one of which gave the terminal trill to the song, in the morning. Heard some song from VOTH slough and Dr. P. Pitelka flushed about 20-25 from this area. 8 July A group of about 40 still present in VOTH slough. No song. We found several series of holes in the marsh, all in bare spots between clumps of grass, which we believed to be made by Dowitchers. The proportion of 9's in the group seems to be fairly large.

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P. De Benedicts 1965 Limnodromus scolopaceus 10 July Barrow, Alaska - Heard song over the Meadow Lake area. 11 July 3 birds flying with 3 golden Plovers and a lone bird were seen in the 1 Kroatik region but no downbills noise was heard nor were any seen on the ground. 25 July Two, including a long-bill, probable ?, seen near the large Sabine colony we found; they did not associate closely, and were not vocal. About 1 mi. NE of the old gas well near Sanguinak a male with 4 chicks was found in the grassy border to a pool. The area was saturated, with some standing water, a mossy bottom and much walled by runnings. The chicks ran when exposed and went into clumps of grass or in running runways before freezing. The ? primarily gave the "p'ew" call, like a song syllable; and sang once; it came to within 7 feet of us while we were photographing the chicks. All 4 chicks were found and two were taken. The chicks were quite young as they had large/large than the rest of the gat, yolk filled sacks in the abdomen. They were not very fat and not the easiest thing to skin in forward. One chick seem to peck for food even though a full yolk supply in the belly.

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hinnodromus scolopaceus 30 May Meadele River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°59'N, Alaska One flying N along the river and swinging loudly and two flying S along the river, giving the "Kook" call, were [illegible] noted. 3 or 4 birds flew over the camp area 4-5 PM. all singing in complete songs. 31 May Heard at least one near the village this AMo and saw 1 or 2 over camp shortly afternoon. 2 and later one seen flying over the "census plot" area, singing a, they were. Have yet to see one on the ground. 2 June Finally saw birds on the ground! They pote away at the ground, but don't make much progress sings everything below the moss is frozen! They seem to prefer the ridges of the low polygons (the center are mostly snow covered) where there is much moss but one pair was seen along the creek in a sandy flat. There is much song from birds flying over and not seem to be in pairs or in 8's. The estimates of 5 birds seen. Today is minimal. No ground display noted. A few birds heard flying over in its afternoon and evening, 3 June Finally got one of these buggers but it's not going [illegible] to make much difference. They seem to be paired and usually fly about in pairs. They feed mostly on very disturbed areas. The one I got had been feeding on a mound of coal, with a little hay, which sled dogs had been kept about 4 days ago. They are always noisy.

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P. De Benedici. 1966 himnodonius scolopaceus 3 June Meacle River Coal Mtno. 157°25'W, 70°24'N, Alaska There were at least 4 pairs about - 1/2 along the river in the flats N of the village, 1 west of the village and one flying over camp. I shot the 8 of a pair (missed the 4) which was on a money ridge of a low polygon. The 8 was feeding, by actively inserting its bill to the ice but its 9 was dleeping. The pair I collected was one of two which were feeding in floteled low polygons N of the village. They feed out in the water, etc. near the polygon ridges, even though 1/2 the bottom is ice covered. Ree ponds are grown to carex in dumps 3-4" in dics, with "runway" the same widge between plants. Here three birds feed. A little song, the birds give a low trill (the song on the ground when disturbed and the "peele note" when flushed. All seem to be paired. 5 June One singing 8 of the cursers plot from about 3 or and a 9 seen on its village fears, where they fed at in its carex marshes. 6 June One singing around camp and occasionally flying over 2 1/2" and a long bird in camp. The song is given by the 8, typically pleh pleh pleteladada, the lost lost complex of notes usually repeated 3 times. The bird grip about singing a varioth combination of these phrases please a longer rolling note, often given on the ground and gives the most complete song as it glides to a landing

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Limnodromus scolopaceus, 6 June Meadle River Coal Mine, 157025'W, 70029'N, Alaska near a ♂ or a lone ♀, in a very characteristic posture [Drawing of a bird with wings spread and tail cocked] The body reared, the tail cocked so that the whole premispicocopicous, and the wings raised in a dihedral. The legs are dangling and the neck twists and turns slightly as it lumps. Dowitchers were seen feeding in several wet areas where the ground was soft enough that they could insert the beak but in moss. Often there was little grass nearby. 7 June A few near the village and on the village flats. A pair in Carey marsh near I.K.maharake lake, And a lone male on Village ridge, feeding along the edge of the snow fields in moss. They are noisy in flight but its only call heard on the ground was the "keek" note, given just before they took off. 8 June 3 or 4 ♂'s in the village flats, and out in the Carey marshes, and occasional birds near camp, once in the pools there. Snatches of song from flying birds. Feeding by probing the moss in the Carey Marshes. No ground display, little flight display. Main competitor is the shordebilled Tectoral Sandpiper.

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himnodonous scolopaceus 9 June Mclell River Coal Mine, 152°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska A ♀ along the creek and 2♂s singing on the wet areas W of the village ridge. 3-4♂s in the village flats feeding in the Earsy marshes, where there is standing water. When I approach the ♂s give an alarm - plddddddeeeeeee a highpitched fluttering calling. Two ♂s sang a little when I flushed them and scree are only loosely associated with ♂s - possible excess of ♂s. Brought the ♂s both court and care for brood, the ♀ being present only to lay eggs. One singing over the lake W of the cunns plot and a pair on the plot in the evening. 10 June A ♂ singing over the cunns plot and occ. one pair o ♀ feeding in a Cunns marsh behind the camp. The only species that is reasonably common here now. 11 June A couple of males singing over south ridge, one over the cunns plot, and a ♀ feeding in Cunns marsh at the W end of the lake basin S of South Ridge 12 June Saw a chase involving 5 birds and with much song W of the village. A ♂ over the camp around a pair near the mine nest of this day. One of the noisier local shorebirds.

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Limonodoner scolopaceus 16 June Whade River Coal Mine. 15°02'5" W, 70°29'N. A few A couple of 8's seen along the W side of lake Agassiz and occasionally giving much song. No pairs closely associated and no 9's seen. 17 June Two 8's alone in the village field. Two 8's along the W side of lake Agassiz, still singing a little. Seen on the far side of the bleede. The 8's commonly sing when flushed with the 9's first gave the "keek" notes in rapid series. 8's singing by lake Agassiz 19 June A male singing over the cranberry plot area during much of the day. In the even a 8 got very excited about my presence on the high bluff 2 mi S of camp and, with a dunlin, moved about with me, staying just out of gun range. Later it turned up with a 9, which I shot but did not wound enough to kill. 20 June A couple of 8's seen over the village dunes and over the polygonal area NW of the village. Only a little song. No 9's seen. 21 June A 8 origin in intermittently over the cranberry plot most of day. 8 landed only N. and S. of its plot as far as I could tell. No 9's seen. 23 June The doos, there have moved into the large marsh in lake Agassiz where they are out on the sphagnum flats feeding actively, and we were #8 in the margin of the lake. One 8 was seen feeding was definitely probing the base of some tufts, its bill slightly open the motion being 3-5 jabs followed by 1-2 probes, then moving to another spot. They are shy and several 8's almost

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Limnodromus scolopaceus 23 June Neale River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 70°29'N, Alaska certainly have nests, but I can't tell where. In the center of a lake I was attracted by 2♂s surging a little and chasing a ♀. A male, then a 2nd pair formed and all settled landed and feed in an area 40 x 10 yards, Tagging close together. I saw the ends of 3 copulations and its probable, but unfinished start of a 4th. The ♂ mounted the ♀ and remained on her for 5 to 10 seconds, making little contact with the vent, usually at the end of the period. He did not group her head or nape at any time, but did lean back, tail down over her, as she crowded and raised his tail. In one case the male's wings were down (folded) and in the 2nd two attempts the wings were up and fully opened - almost straight over the bird, perhaps due to the wind. When the ♂ jumped off, he did not utter, but the ♀ flushed and shook her back on two occasions and noticing the 3rd time. They fed a short while - 10 to 15 sec - after this. Then rested quietly 1 to 2 minutes, and began feeding actively, close together. All copulations seen were preceded by a song, which I may have been given by a non-involved ♂, and the ♀ gave a soft call, "pleedee pleedah", when together. The probable starts to copulation began when the ♂ flew up and hovered over the ♀, legs dangling, like a phalarope, and sang "pleee deladalebo ple deladalebo ple deladalebo" 2-3 x, then landed in groups of dowitites, including 2♂s and his ♀.

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h.m.nodorus scolopareus 23 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157025'W, 70929'N, Alaska and in a hunched posture closed just the 28's off 6-10 feet then closed to 7 over a distance of 8 to 10 feet. No copulation pressure this, the two birds feeding close to each other. I stopped writing to make notes at this point, and then, within 5 to 10 seconds the males had hurried to the f. On three occasions when I flushed this group trying to get close, the flock got up and landed about 10 to 30 feet off. When the f. associated with any other male, many "his" f. away so that none were within 10 feet of the f. (One copulation was seen after the birds had flushed the first time.). The impression that the f. was defending a f. in the group was unmistakable. One short song flight seen by an unnamed f. included a song like the "peet-cep," song - "plee delada leb" - and given from about 8 feet up, the wings open but flat and the head lowered below the body level; then, its song, raised slightly above otherwise, as in normal flight. hunched posture Song position flight position.

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himnodromus scolopaceus 23 June Meacle River Coal Mine, 15>425'W, 20°29'N. Albury Also seen [illegible] a bit of grump behavior usually confined to P's, which I do not understand. A 4 (not of the mating pair) landed about 15 feet from me and then, throughout an open (25% grass cover), sphagnum curled and sunk along close to the genny, however a grumpy area some 50 feet away. When she got there, and 2X on the way, she went in to about position, and at the destination I got up and flew away. About 5 minutes later I went towards the area, and flushed a 4 which first ran off down to its ground, then flew off. Sometimes in these "breaks", when they go into an alert posture, they give a pastoral-like "whoot whoot" note. Usually this behavior noted in very open areas (one on a open lichen patch, where it seems most unlikely its birds are resting, and as mentioned, it does seem to be more common in P's than 4's. 25 June 3 (28, 1) flying to the area in from the North Bluffs and 1 singing on the lakes opp. these bluffs. 27 June A P collected in a marshy area west the only one seen on the per side of the pleaser today. 28 June A (4?) feeding Cassia pools just south of the census plot in the A.M. 29 June A 4 feeding along village Creek just above the 1st lake, in its few shallow grumpy flats there. One in the marshy flats along Lake Agassiz, and soon over to area.

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Limonodrome scolopaceus 30 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'40, 70°29'41', Alaska Occasional males singing near the census plot and over lake Agassiz but no group evident. The Bs are still highly vocal, but pairs rarely seen at anytime. 4 July 3 or 4 lone birds seen near Lake Agassiz Almost no singing at all. 5 July A group of 4 seen [illegible] over the flats opposite North deers, but not landing. None seen on the ground deer. 6 July A ♂ flew over the census plot singing a short day, but wouldn't land while I was about. 7 July One seems over the polygon Carry pool, in land if the deers opposite South Creek. 8 July Flushed from Carry pool by lake Agassiz. 9 July A ♂ flushed from a Carry pool near the 3-egg longspur nest. It flew to a shrub and landed, about 30 ft. away, and stood quietly, watching me. It did not go back even after I had backed off about 25 metres. 11 July Still a ♂ down the by the census plot, which probably has chicks. It flushed up and landed about 10 feet away. Then crawled off through the grass. It came ♂ on a sphagnum dyke in a Carry pool area. A mother ♂ came in from the marsh near the Pemmigan nest and stood for a while, quietly watching us. They probably have hatched young now.

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Lobipes lobates 3 June Maclell Rivers Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 78°29'N, Alaska A ♀ flew over the village going S about 1 P.M. 4 June 3♀s seen, two resting near a snow patch by the CQ campfire and one in flight near the village. 5 June About a dozen, mostly in ones and twos, all ♀s seen flying from 2 to 5 A.M. One in a puddle behind camp in the early afternoon. They give a loud black-bird like "tock" which I have not heard in migration and don't seem to have the "squeal" of Red Phalaropes. Saw a ♀ in a pool behind camp in the evening. 6 June A few seen flying about and one in the pools near camp. 8 June Two ♀s in a pool near the Coal mine, feeding along the edge, and one in flight near the camp fire. 9 June Two ♀s in a pool on this U.V. lay, not feeding very actively. Several small groups (1-2) going over in the evening. When it sounds like a flock of Blackbirds going over, it's this species. 10 June A few ♀s seen in pools and in flight. One ♀ near camp. Not as common as Red Phalaropes and usually seen only by the village area. 11 June Most close to camp but 1-2 flew are near the south ridge area. 12 June Seen in the pools behind camp and in lake Aggessy only, less # seen them. Phalaropes.

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Lobipes lobatus 16 June Meade River Camp Mine. 15°02'5"W, 20°29'N, Alaska A ? in the ponds behind the camp and 1 or two along the shore of Lake Agassiz. Very inconspicuous and evidently localized now. All out in pools. 17 June Birds in the pools, as Phalaropes, seem to have trouble getting food. Seen along the west side Lake Agassiz (2 ?) and behind camp (?). Steele got a ? on the far side of the Meade 2 mi. N of camp. Very scarce. 18-19 Jun Still a few about camp. 22 June One seen flying through camp - the 1st noted in some time. 23 June A group of 2?s and a ? and later 4?s were seen Lake Agassiz, usually out in very open areas, and doing very little feeding. No indication of associated pairs. But the little fleeting flight of Red Phalaropes, given by the ? with 2?s. They are now calling its "pith" note heard on migration in Calif., and the "blackbird calls" were noted only from one ?. 25 June Birds seem well in flocks, all ?s, and very active. One flock of 5 with a Red Phalarope, seen at a distance, and probably increased to become 8, from which 2 post-breeding ?s starting the post-nuptial molt were collected. They had not been feeding much. The flock seemed to prefer very open patches of water when it landed.

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F.D.Benedetti 1966 hobipes lobatus 27 June Meadele River Coal Mine, 157°02'5"W, 70°29'1"N, Alabama 3-4 Ts and 1-2 Ts in the large lakes in the flat opposite camp. The birds only loosely associated and no fights seen. A group of 3-4 Ts flew over. 29 June Small groups of pleasure, mostly this species flying over the census plot and camp during day. All seemed to be Ts. The birds are very noisy, giving a high pitched "plick" call like the note given in migration. 29 June Small groupings still present on lake Agassiz. 4 July Several small groups out in lake Agassiz and at least 1 lone T. The group appear to be all Ts. The calls now typical of birds in migration. 5 July A small group of Ts with 1-2 Reds in the larger shallower lakes opposite north dunes. The birds are very active, seldom landing, but don't seem to be moving through. 8 July 1 or two in the west Carry area along lake Agassiz. All appeared to be Ts. 11 July One Pacted which had chicks in a Carry pool with 1-2" of water. It seemed to be most interested in an area along a spongous depth. 13 July About half a dozen birds got up from lake and flew along with a Peregrine Friege that went over. Most appeared to be Ts.

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P. de Benedetti 1965 Red Phalarope 11 June Barrow, Alaska. - Saw 2 birds, one still with white on the belly, flying to the east from Family hogoon about 4:30. Fassler saw 2 white-bellied shorebirds that sounded like this species. About 7:34 saw a flock of 5 flying east over the haul area, all in good plumage. 12 June 2 birds seen flying east along the Beach Ridge about 2PM. 13 June one pair seen in puddles in high polygonized area; they fed in the water and just dipped the beak into the water as single motions without spinning and the feeding motions; they flew around a lot and seemed quite nervous; Once I seen feeding out in the grass 14 June Saw at least 3 pairs in rain puddles along the shore of Elson hogoon between Stepped Woldslog Doughs; they fed in the puddles and picked for food items near the surface of the water. 19 June At least 6-7 birds were seen for the area between S. and Middle Salt hogoons, mostly flying over; a few landed in a near pools and fed. No obvious display, the notes heard being primarily the sharp "neet" call note. 20 June A number of birds seen today including one in more winter than summer plumage and more 73's than 65's. Still social, often 2-383's in a flock. They have a "zweet" call in flight rather reminiscent of a Hutton's Vireo and feed almost exclusively in puddle.

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P.I.X Benedictis 1965 Red Phalarope 21 June Barrow, Alaska - Saw an attempted mounting. The \ showed over the \ silently, feet dangling, for 10 seconds. The \ wouldn't let it mount, pecking at the \ and closed it off giving a few soft, quiet "ket" notes. Both saw a male ? (comet) a female; it ran around in front of the \ making soft peeks at the \s forehead and auricular region until the \ sat down. The 1st time this happened the birds got out of sight but they were then aroused again and the same process repeated until the \ sat down and the \ sat down beside her. A 2nd \ came by and worked the 1st \ on the head & flew off; the \ then repeated its pecking and the pair sat side by side. When the \ sat she assumed a sleeping posture. In contrast to the other shorebird species they are more numerous today than yesterday, most in troughs in a high polygon area by trap wires III A+B. They feed in the water or along the edge in very saturated areas by pecking for food items. Its color is quite variable in plumage. 22 June No crustship seen, and about = in numbers to those yesterday. There are additionally good numbers in the lizalands near Elson Lagoon. Saw much more spinning today than in previous days. 23 June Birds seen in the micomet area helped with pecking motions and stayed in very wet areas, either pools where they swam & spun or shallowly flooded areas where they walked about clumsily searching for & pecking at

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Red Phalarope 23 June Barrow, Alaska - food items. No courtship seen. 24 June Again saw birds feeding in the muskox area by pecking at small tufts or clumps of moss, picking them up with a pecking motion throwing them aside. Sometimes they stop to move to peek at some object newly exposed and sometimes they seem to suddenly go after a prey item that is fleeing the moss pile being searched. Birds feeding like this are in shallow water, standing on the bottom and the moss clump are just exposed just under the surface. The species is (still) quite social, groups of 3s or 4s only being encountered as well as groups of odd separate, but pairs are also to be seen. The birds in the Elson Lagoon area were also seen to peck at moss clump and throw them aside although not as frequently as at the muskox area. Chaser involving 1-5 birds were seen on several occasions and few pairs were noted. Phalaropes were seen in Central Marsh for 1st time. 25 June Widely distributed and social in low, flooded areas in all areas visited. No courtship seen and no obvious nests found. 27 June Birds were seen flying over the Barrow area in the morning and were widely distributed. An attempted copulation was seen in the afternoon; they are more widely distributed than on June 25 but less common in any one area and are still quite prone to get up and fly several hundred yards without much provocation

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P.De Benedict 1961 Red Phalaropes 29 June Barrow, Alaska - small aggregations still to be seen but they seem to be making up into pairs more and more. Saw at least 3 copulations or attempted copulations in the afternoon. Found two Ps with broken wings; the 1st was made into a shirr - it had 3 large ova (one broken) about 6,4+3 mm and what appeared to be 25 old follicles although it was difficult to be sure of this; it didn't appear to have laid recently. The other contained no follicles and the oviduct was only beginning to come up; it clearly hadn't laid yet. (Dr. P. Telka found one ready to lay its (egg). Little evidence of change in Ps and it is the most conspicuous shorebird now. 30 June This was the commonest and most evenly distributed Shorebird in Central Alaska; they were never to be found in large groups though congregations of 4-7 or so were not especially unusual, and a number of pairs were seen as well as singles trying to "join in." Pairs were copulating; and at least one pair was seen resting s.ently side by side on one of the higher spots dried in the Marsh. Some of their calls are giving a short rough whistled sound quite like the flight call of a dunlin. 4 July A few very white Ps were seen today. At close range they are reddish on the rump, flanks and nape and the task plumage is summer, not winter. They are still noisy, socialable and everywhere distributed where there is water.

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R de Benedicti's 1965 Red Phalarope 7 July Barrow, Alaska - Very much less conspicuous in Mixonut Marsh and no closely associated pairs seen. A nest with 3 eggs which had been found earlier by Bob Hamilton still has 3 eggs and a ? nest of this species between IIA & the road was empty. 8 July The above mentioned 3 egg nest is empty today about midday. 10 July They seemed to be very scarce Today as compared to July 6, but part of this may be a reflection of a movement on the rid's part to the east side of Central Marsh, which was not checked. 11 July There were large numbers in footprint lakes, clearly Flocked; they were well scattered but everywhere to be seen in the Ikrovun region; the great majority (over 75%) were Ps. 12 July A nest with 4 eggs found west of Voth'sough in the afternoon and a 4 egg nest seen again later in the evening. 13 July A three egg nest seen near lines IIA-B which had been marked earlier. No change in the nest found west of Voth'sough 12 July. 14 July 4 egg nests found along the west side road to Central Marsh in the morning, and a 4 egg nest E of line IIA and a 3 egg nest in the marsh Poplars lines in the afternoon. Only 1a 2f seen all day. 16 July Very scarce along Elson beyond as elsewhere near, and no Ps identified.

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P. DeBenedictis 1965 Red Phalarope 17 July Barrow, Alaska - for a change they are now out numbered by other birds along the 50th creek area and are seldom seen elsewhere. 20 July Found a 3 egg nest about 25 yards south of the nest located east of line II on July 14 and a 4 egg nest along the weasel road near the [illegible] micronut shack on the Beach Ridge. No signs of hatching and no ts present. 21 July Birds widely dispersed. No nests found but no effort made to do this either. 22 July All seen were lone Ps. The nest near the O end of Line II B with Beggs as usual; the P sitting light. 23 July All were lone males. The nest along the Centend Marsh Rd. just N of the Beach Ridge empty. 24 July All seen were lone males. About midnight a male was flushed from 4 downy chicks that must have left the nest in the morning. They scattered when 1st frightened and were not at all prone to squat; Two took to the water in a shallow, grassy pool. The hood scattered so that I was about 40 feet from the other, which were about 15 feet apart. The P became quite solicitous and began to wood the chicks, which "peeped" constantly, even though we were quite close. When it began to brood it gave a series of soft, rough notes ("Hutton Circo note - ~~~~") and the chicks all began to move toward the male. They got together very quickly and the P would wood them.

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P.D.Benedictis 1965 Red Phalarope 24 July Barrow, Alaska - then as the third chick approached would get up and hood it alone; the chick would stay still then begin to move to the male, which got up and went back to the two. This was repeated when the 4th chick came in from 40 feet away. The male would stand very upright when the chicks approached and the chicks pushed under the male from the front. While this was going on I was able to take several photo- graphs at 7 feet focus and 16 ft at 4½ feet; but I was afraid it flew off only when I moved suddenly away. The chicks are more boldly patterned in that the streaks of light and dark color are solid and their legs are pink. 25 July Birds were widely spaced in the grassy flats around the large lakes in the Ittoqqortoormiit region. No flocks, but often 2-4's feeding together, and no 8's seen. Male continually jumped up from in front of the weasel but only one nest was located - this with 4 eggs at the end of Ittoqqortoormiit - although little effort made to do so. 29 July a flock of about 15's on a small pool just south of Wahlsehleg slough. Several groups of 3-5's seen and it looks like the 8's are now beginning to flock up

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Phalacrocorax pelagicus [illegible] 31 May Meade River Coal Mine, 157°22'W, 70°29'N, Alaska a 7 seen flying W over the village, calling loudly, about 8 P.M. 2 June 4-5 seen flying over the village in the A.M. 24's flying over about 11 P.M. 4 June At least 3 about, and saw one with white belly, but none seen on the ground. Two were definitely [illegible] 5 June Several light bellied birds seen flying, but these are probably pale 9s. Not sure any males are here. Someone in a car was marsh behind the lot about noon. They are few from numerous but one of the common species seen flying about now. 6 June Little change from yesterday but not as many birds seen. Possibly one or two seen today but hard to be sure as they are mainly on the ground. 7 June Birds beginning to show up in the pools behind the lab mine. Most are 9s. Saw one tipping like a dabbling duck. A few in flight on the run. 8 June Flushed one or two from pools near the corner plot, and later saw several on pools in the village [illegible]. Possibly one or two. All birds seem were well out in the pools where will vegetation is present, easily to describe, and pectorals which stay in the [illegible] 9 June Much commoner today than earlier and seen on many pools in the village feet areas, where they feed by picking at the surface and 3-47s by occasionally dipping like a duck to the bottom seen.

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Phalaropus fulicarius 9 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157025'W, 70024'N, Alaska In the every groups of 1 to 8, near ~6, birds stailed flying over going SE. Flew if any landed. Very noisy, mostly by "pish" and the "whewr" call. many #'s in the flanks. Big migration 15? 10 June A few in the pools around here and in the clear parts of the Steele River. More #s than yesterday but scarce enough that seldom 8's are together. Very noisy. Birds seen on the goon usually out in the clouds. Not much spinning seen. 11 June This the only "common" shorebird seen. There are a few in every body of water free of ice, but never lots together. Many #'s. They seem to like ice free pools. One pool where water 8" deep had 6720 temp 90C. Saw several birds dipping for food at the bottom of shallowers even but the only thing seen on the water is a small fly that skins along its surface. Little sign migration in last two days. 12 June Do. Only birds seem to feed are in the Casey pools. Didn't see any courtship. 16 June Seem to be scarcer now than before I left. There were hardly any in evidence in the lake basin south of south ridge but better activity along the W side of L. Agassiz. Saw one copulation and the #'s obviously associated. Most birds in the pools. A # on the canoe plot, at my approach, flew to a bare ridge and crouched.

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Phalacrocorax fulicarius 16 June Weelee River Coal Mine, 15°00'5"W, 70°02'9"N, Alach allowing close approach. Another g seen to be there but they are not conspicuous. 17 June Phalacrocorax party #2 on along the W side lake Agassiz but they scarcely seem to be having a heard fishing during any time to eat. Saw the first real evidence of "tertiary" - 9s defending the Ps. A few (one 9s out now and also a few (one Ps. They clearly will not be common. Birds prazing out in the Carey pools, where its grain is opened and floating on the surface. They seem to get much of the food they can from the floating mats of grass. 19 June Found a nest with 4 eggs just N of the cern plot in the gressy ridge between two ponds. There were 3-4 other Ps on the plot where they feed in the pools, without seeming to have much success Sauces was greatest when they walked along the edge of the pools. Several (2 or 3) 9s still associated. 20 June Birds heard flying over the polygonal area N of the village but none seen landed except 1 or 2 in the village pads. No pairs seen except in flight. 21 June No 9s on the cern plot today. Found two 4 egg nets, both on Sphagnum dikes between ponds in Carey. The Ps flushed at 3-4 feet coming up off the nest without distraction display but calling Gently, a startling performance. Little feeding seen. but that seen seemed to be more successful than earlier

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Phalaropus fulicarius 23 June Weacle River Cool Mire. 15°20'25"W, 70°29'41"N, Alaska Several 4's or Cake Agassiz. One 4 seen trying to drive a 4 away. When he flew after her, she would take off head and tail down and the wing noise was very loud - when she took off the back feathers were strongly shuffled. A group of 4's seen together out in the centre of the lake, and several 4's are still associated in this region. Found one nest with 4 eggs in the marshy area between the two lakes. 25 June Very inconspicuous and no groups, though 2 lone birds were seen associating with flocks of Northern Phalaropes. A 4 collected was very excited and kept jumping up out of a pond settling the already cell rapidly. The flight was fluttering and its legs damaged. A 4 4 4 was feeding along the edge of the pool, and after it left, the 14 4 quieted down. The 4 collected was alive, and appeared to have completed a clutch but looked like she may have been ready to go again. 2 follicles definite, but 2-3 days old, and several regressed over a very old follicle. The oviduct probably not now functional. 26 June One nest on the plot robbed, but a 4 still in the area. No 4's seen. A few lone birds flying down. 27 June A couple of 4's in the plots across the weir, from corner, feeding along the edge of the large

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Phalaropus fulicarius 27 June Meade River Coal Mine, 157°25'W, 78°29'N, Alaska lakes, and 2-3% and a 7 in two pools in the clepland polygonal area. One male collected was diving a 4 out of its territory. Nest was also taken. She had laid 4 eggs, and her oviducts were regressing. The largest follicle was about 4 cm, and still vascular. 28 June Several small groups of phalaropes that were over during the day included a few Redls, though Nuthers were predominant. The rests on the census plot unchanged. 29 June A few in the polygonal areas inland from camp, most males, and in the marshy lake margin region, where 3% were present. A few small groupings on lake Agassiz. 30 June Two or 3% were chasing a out of a marshy area along lake Agassiz and 2% feeding in the lake later. Several rest on lake Agassiz but no groups of %. 1 July Only a few birds seen in the village flats area, all in flight overhead. 3 July Both nests in the census plot & k. The 7 or one went into a collision like crouch as if to give a distraction display, but then jumped up and flew 6-7 feet and crouched again. The distraction display, if this is it, is as distinct as is the other behaviors of these cutlers.

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Phalaropus fulicarius 4 July Meade River Coal Mine, 15°25'00", 70°29'N, Alaska Several birds were feeding along the edge of Tuckat de Agua Lakes by the cevew plot, when a F jumped on a F and copulated. Apparently still trying to rest on this bare earth. There were several birds out in Lake Agassiz, mostly single and in 2's and 3's, but very shy. When I got near them they would fly off. They were all well out in the lake, and not feeding very actively when they were on the ground. 5 July 2 or 3 Ps flying over the lakes at the plots opposite the North drive, no groups of Ps. Shot a F off a sphaegnum mound in a pond. The F was just starting the 2nd egg of a clutch, next judging from the several small range F. folicula, this is a 2nd clutch. Not very common here. Evidently Lake Agassiz is the best area around for the cutters. 6 July Both nests on the cevew plot are empty and appear to have hatched successfully. One male was near the 4/5 marker and the other near the 2.5 marker, with 4 chicks. When I found the chicks they were on a sphaegnum island in a small Laver pond. The P ran about frantically, semi-perched, then alert, then off again, splashing briefly in the water and feeding - saw it capture mosquitoes, diptera, - in the tail area - the wind running in the space between

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Phalacrocorax fulicarius. 6 July. Alcade River Coal Mine, 15°25'W, 70°24'N, Alaska left. Where the chicks finally putted sleeping the [illegible] within 4 feet of me. It called the chicks in with a "weep! weep!" call, soft, the chicks coming rapidly from up to 3 feet away. They swim readily but appear to get water logged. The F stands decreased back after the flock was received; the chicks crawl under bower. The once tried to hood them while he was in the water. All the birds eventually moved out of the pond into a neighboring pond. Quite a show. [sketch of bird with text: position of a where calling in distances] 7 July Only one F was noted in a Caws pool in the area opposite its dunes seems from South Creek, though a large area of Caws pools was checked. 8 July At least 3 F near the S. end of the lake Agness section by CO2. One F evidently had chicks, which it couldn't find, in the Caws pool's area, where they are 2-3" of water. The other F's were well out in the Caws. 8-10" in the marsh by the Black-belly rest. They seemed to be feeding in the shallower sections (3-6" water) where the Caws forms a 50-25% cover, rather than in the open lake where the Caws was only about 10% cover,

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Phalaropus fulicarius 8 July Weelee River Coal Mine, (157°25'W, 70°29'N), Alaska at least one bird acted like it had clish along, a sphagnum dyke with 70% Carry cover area; the dyke was mainly stone sides and open water with wides. The 8 gave a run-through the gain as- just-as-possible type performance. I saw 6 Tukey on the census plot but wouldn't sit on clicks. Not identified. 9 July None on the census plot now. 11 July Phalaropus appear to be less common now than earlier, but still 3-4's in the Smeedleat (illegible) census plot, where they spend most of the time in the Carry marsh areas. One of came out and landed in the Connicalaire, but didn't feed. Saw none in the small pools upland from the Cake Tower Sneel ridge, and none on the census plot. In the evening still in the lake and acting like they have clicks. 13 July There are evidently more at Lake Agassiz than I thought, for when a gander went over, at least a dozan birds got up and flew along with it, chattering excitedly. All of them appeared to be decel plumaged birds. Birds were noted on the ground mostly in areas with standing water and much Carry, but a few (3 or 4) were out in Carry - Eriophyllum where the sphagnum beneath was saturated or with 1+ inches of water. None on the census plot.

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