Field notes, v501

Anderson, James D., 1930-1976
Unknown
Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley
Original Source
Source Material:
Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Contributed by Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. | www.biodiversitylibrary.org

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MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY REPRINT LIBRARY
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Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from CLIR https://archive.org/details/fieldnotesv50100ande
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ANDERSON, J.D. JOURNAL 1954 - 1959 CALIFORNIA AMBYSTOMA M. CLOCEUM STUDY
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D. Anderson 1954 Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum Dec 2. Rio del Mar, Aptos, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 9:20 P.M. one male collected in center of dirt road. It was facing east towards a temporary pond. A second animal collected about 25 yards S. of first again on the dirt road but it faced away from pond. 9:35 a third was collected on the road. At this time it Air Temp. 55° F - 1" above ground Surface hum. 56° F - in leaf litter. was not raining - had rained for about 3 hours or more previously. 4th taken O.R. on Bonta Rd only 10 yds from 3rd animal. It had been dead perhaps 3 hours (♀). At 10:00 pm another was collected on the road facing north. Air temp 56° F 1" above ground, soil temp. 52° F 1/2" below surface. 10:15 - 6th taken facing away from pond i.e. west. 11:00 - 7th facing west, air temp 52° F. A snapping defense reaction noted on this animal. When disturbed the body was violently twisted so as to bring head & tail in contact while the body remained in relatively stationary position. Never less the reverse 'coil spring action' of Ambystoma. ♀ → ♂. One way quickly - 11:45 2 more collected on reverse route travelling S → N on Bonta Rd. Moments later 2 more taken just north of the home. 11:20.
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D. Anderson 1955 Ambystoma macrodactylum Feb 27. Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1:40 P.M. an adult female was collected under a flat board 14" square. The board rested on some fallen branchlets and was not in contact with the soil but about 1 1/2" off the ground. The situation was on the edge of an oak woods with a road directly to the east, and Oakwood Inn up on a hillside immediately west of the locality. Conopy cover was about 50-60 %. Quercus agrifolia seemed to be dominant in immediate vicinity. The ground gravid - eggs visible through the body wall. Air temp - 8° C Soil temp - 9.6° C Ambystoma - 9° C. When placed on the leaf litter on the oak wood floor the broken stripe pattern was an effective camouflage agent. The black ground color melted in with the soil & decaying leaves. The broken yellowish pattern blended perfectly with the many dead oak leaves littering the substrate. No attempt to escape + no defense reaction noted.
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J.D Anderson 1955 Amblystoma macrodactylum Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., California Nov. 18. Juv. collected on Bonita Rd. at 8:50 p.m. by Bob Golden. Air temp. 10°C, Sky clear, stars out etc. Little or no wind. Water in small puddles on road. 9:15. 2nd juv collected 15 ft from road near steep sided road cut - bank 5 ft high. At 11- oak. road x/ sit among dried Q. agrifolia leaves. Yellow color tends to blend in with dead oak leaves. Soil temp '½
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G.D. Anderson 1955 Ambystoma macrodactylum Valencia Jazon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Nov. 19. 1 juv. collected on Bonito rd. 9:05 AM. Apparently coming from pond towards oak woods west of pond. Bright sunny day, no clouds. Road slightly moist from fog + dew. This specimen + all taken Nov. 17th were covered with particles of sand as though they had just emerged from burrow. Soil around pond + road edge sandy. Caudice? Ericakia collected were not sandy + may have been active earlier this season. There had not been any rain in the region for several days. Ground + leaf litter were moist but not "dripping wet".
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Anderson 1956 journal Jan 31. Trip to Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz G., Corralitos & Gonzales, Santa Clara G. Left Addison St., Berkeley at 7:45 A.M., picked up T. Robinson at 7:55. Drove via Rt 17 to Rio del Mar. Much frost seen on hillsides while crossing Santa Cruz Mtns. between Fox Gates & Santa Cruz. Arrived at Rio del Mar 10:30 A.M. The pond was greatly enlarged over its size this time last year - roughly 2x the area. Bonito Rd as usual was dotted with large puddles of water. Those in the shade covered by a thin sheet of ice. We searched the margins & shallow portion of the pond for Ambystoma maculatum with no luck. Numerous masses of Hyla regilla eggs noted. Most were close to hatching. Water temp. 5.2° C. in shade about 9°C in sunny area (depth 2ft). Spent 1 1/2 hours in water then investigated oak woods on W side pond. Batrachoseps, Ensatina & Hyla regilla found but not in usual numbers. Air temp between 6-7° C. One Ensatina had cl. temp of 6.4° C. For most part the amphibians were quite sluggish. No Coniurus lugubris seen in usual haunts. No Ambystoma found. Later one active H. regilla collected at fringe of pond - bright green in color (hopping in green grass). From here we drove towards Corralitos by way of 5 mile but found all possible amphibian localities completely flooded & collecting was impossible. Returned to Hwy 1 & the beach (1:15 P.M.). Drove thru Santa Cruz & started North on Rt 9. Just past Felton we collected 3 Caneider floripendulus in a springy hillside opposite a redwood souvenir shop. Ensatina & Batrachoseps taken at fringe of springy area in slightly drier place. One Ensatina taken under a Sequoia sempervirens log in middle of seepage area near where Caneider were caught. It was quite sluggish (water temp. 11.2° C). Caneiders, however, were quite quick. When log was first moved they remained
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Journal Jan.31. Trip to Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., & Saratoga Santa Clara. Still for a few seconds & blended in beautifully with the deck, muddy soil under logs. After our movement or part of collector they moved rapidly to escape using body undulation of Desmognathus. In fact isolated behavior is quite reminiscent of Desmognathus. We followed Rt 9 via Ben Lomond, Boulder Creek & Saratoga. Many likely regions were investigated for Ganidea & Dicamptodon but with no luck. At Saratoga high flood waters have worked away through habitat of Ganidea & much else else also. a group of some type of eggs found under a rock 4 ft about level of stream. They were not suspended of Plethodontid eggs but did resemble them. Under a pile of boards 50 ft above level of stream we collected Eurycea, Taricha + 3 Batrachomys. Returned home via Rt 9 to Albany & thence to Rt 17 & home to Berkeley at 7:32 P.M.
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Anderson 1956 Journal Mar 28 Berkeley to Pinnacle Nat'l Monument, San Benito Co, Calif. Left Berkeley at 8:15 A.M. after leaving Gill at U.C. (Speedometer 21705.0). Drove to Rt 17 in Oakland + took it to junction with US101 near San Jose. Cut off 100 towards Hollister using Rt 25. (10:05 A.M.). Crossed San Benito Grant line at speedometer reading 21792. 3 miles later saw a white-tailed kite hovering over an growrown artichoke field. Flew back + found one on area 150-200 yds long by 50 yards wide. Flying high overhead was a red-tail hawk. Stopped + made lunch about 1 mile N of the Pinnacle turnoff at 11:20 A.M. I had made one previous stop to turn logs along San Benito River with no luck. After lunch drove up to Pinnacle turnoff + proceeded towards the monument stopping every few hundred yards to collect. Got 1 H ypsiglossa to quality, saw several Scleropora occidentalis + 1 Uta stansburiana. Drove on into monument to look over campsites. Almost all sites taken. 12:30 P.M drove back out of monument. Collected 2 Gunnella on way. Drove south towards Coolidge + King's City outside monument. Good wind through rolling hills country. All hawed in tightly. Most area near road are heavily grazed but county which is not grazed by Digger Pine - interior line both open parkland. Some hillside (particularly S-facing slope) have sage + lupine mixed in with Artemisia + what appears to be a Ceratonia. Went as far south as Monterey Co. line + then back just south (100 yds) of monument turnoff.
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Anderson 1956 Journal Mar 28 Pinnacles San Benito Co., Calif. There was a jun. Bristlefoot caterpillar D.O.R. Saved the specimen in formalin. Once in movement I drove to the old Pinnacles campsite where I had the entire area to myself. Hydn regilla birds calling all along this stream here. Found several Batrachosaurus attenuatus under rocks but did not collect any. Bird seen w/ several Pinnacles monument. Timber Vultures Possum Mutual Woodpecker. Y-bill Magpie Western Kingbird Black Phoebe Wren-tit Plain titmouse Shrike Calif. Woodpecker One junco. Mourning Dove Horned Owl. Several bats were heard overhead just after dark. 7:35 PM air temp. 44°F. Sky clear, stars burning brightly. Mar 29 Pinnacles to Rio del Mar Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left old campsite at 7:30 AM. Speedometer 21905.0 Drove north towards Hollister. Saw DOR Barred Owl ½ mi S. Pinnacles near Pancho Pinnacles - There is a flooded field here to west of road. Pond full of Coots, several indigo ducks also. Picked up 101 near Hollister & drove north on 101 to Gilroy. Took road our Hecker pass to Watsonville. From Watsonville drove south on US 1 to a pond Russell & I had spotted last year. Large dump on one side makes that side unworkable The only other side not barred in is a mass of cat lab so for the present we'll
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Anderson 1956 Journal Mar 29 Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Don't know whether or not Ambystoma lives near there. It should be checked at the first good rainfall next year. Drove north now on 1 to Valencia lagoon. Ate lunch by the side of the lagoon. Then caught & measured some larvae. Again most were found at the N end of the pond in grassy region where the water is clear. About 2:30 pm drove over to Corralito pond to check for Ambystoma. Caught 2 adult Bufo boreas & saw thousands of Bufo tadpoles. There are two ponds at the Corralito locality. One is merely a flooded field & appears to be shallow with little aquatic vegetation apparent. It has receded several yards since mid-winter. Bog margins are muddy & it is impossible to walk to water edge. The second pond looks artificial & seems deeper. It was loaded with Bufo tads, water muddy & clouded with great mats of pond scum & various algae. Made a number of sweeps with the dip net - lots of Bufo & aquatic insects but nothing else. Returned to "Captor Hole" at 4 & made supper. After supper I walked along dirt road from which joins Bonita Rd. near the route of the "hole." Followed this up to ridge & S along ridge. Several cabins (? ) along road & several cleared lots - no sign that a great loitering boom will descend on the place. The woods up top is really lush. Road came out at US 1 about 150 yds S of the end of Bonita Rd. Bird activity high powered. Chickadees seemed to be paired off, red-wings were singing at a
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Anderson 1956 Journal 19 Mar 29. Valencia, Jojon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co. Gull first clip. 1 st list for the lozon & vicinity Harz Woolpecker Scrub Jay Wren-tet Cal. Quail Chst-bok. Chickadee Song Sparrow Cre-Junc. Spotted Towhee R-shuft-Flitcher Brm.Towhee Red-Tail Hawk. Allen Humming bird. Loot Hermit Thrush Mallard Pulom ? Goldfinch Beurich Wren. Saw 2 Deer in oab woods & a Geomysem possibly maniculates hopped across road at dusk. Oenothera ovata growing in good number at level of pond in mired area but not in real wet spots. Riles in flower at edge of forest. Caught 1 Gerhoneter multicaudine at S end of pond under a board. No snake seen. Left Valencia Jojon at 7:15. Drive N on I th Santa Cruz. Took Rt 17 to Fox Gate, Rt 9 to Sunnyvale (then Saratoga) & got on Bayshore Freeway (I28 Bypass) thru at Sunnyvale. Then across Bridge to Berkeley. Home at 9:30 pm. This route seems by far most satisfactory. During rush hours it might be bad but otherwise there is a minimum of stopping & a maximum of freeway. I really take a little more than 2 hrs. While going on other side of bay averages an hour longer.
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Anderson 1956 journal Apr. 14 Valencia, Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley between 10:30 & 11 AM. Crossed Bay Bridge & drove S on 1/01 to Alemany Blvld. West of Alemany to Rt 5 (Skyline Blvd). S on Rt 5 to junction c-9 thence to Saratoga & Fox Auto. Took Rt 17 from Fox Auto to Santa Cruz then on US 1 to Rio del Mar. Spent afternoon mapping (partially) Bonita Drive & "Salamander" Rd. Later we climbed up the S facing slope opposite the collecting locality to photo- graph the pond area. Took many pictures but camera was acting up so none may come out. We then drove S behind the Oak Wood in in Rio del Mar proper. The entire back slope is a residential one providing little in way of cover for Ambystoma. The slope levels off more gradually than N side. This way to flat grassy area which are heavily gnarled. About 1-2 mile S is Monterey Bay. We next drove out San Andreas Rd which goes S from US 1 towards the Bay & in its general direction of Watsonville. A body batballed O R Ambystoma tigrinum was found Then drove on to Sunset Beach State Park which would be an excellent place to camp. Saw more Brush Rabbits than I've ever seen before. Returned to Santa Cruz for dinner. At 8:15 pm we began a road check along "Salamander" Rd. 8:30pm 10 feet in from "Salamander" Rd on driveway to cabin called Cloud 10 new found on request
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D Anderson 1956 Journal Apr 14 Valeria Yagoon, Pir del Mar, Santa Cruz Co. Gulf A.m. croceum. ( ). Its head was crushed over the eyes. Still living however. It blended in with dried oak leaves in a wonderful way. Really difficult to spot. 8:15 a june (37mm SV) marked (RF1LF4) released 35 paces before storage on rd (LVM Castle Oaks). It secreted a fluid or tail very much like Enartina. Another June at 8:31 on rd opposite large Dog Fri which is a few paces down the road from an unidentif'ied house (no name) (3rd home salary Rd.) F 36mm SV, tail recently broken 16mm from vent - just would start its regenerative growth as yet. Rest of Road check produced further Ambystoma... Had been scurrying lights while hunt. Finished check at 9:15. Rel. Albendone of Amphib'orum Rd. Ambystoma - 2 1 3 Enartina - 4 2 6 Anecidor - 1 0 1 Batrachops - 4 4 Hyla 3 3 many large slugs, snails & millipeds & some could be left alive. At 9:18 we began another check of the San Anecho Rd to Sunset Beach. Took about 30 min. Saw only 1 Hyla & 1 Enartina... Hyla in chorus all along Rd. Road seems dry... Returned home via 17 Santa Cruz to So. Mateo, 9 from So. Mateo to Sunny Vale & Bayshore freeway to Bay Bridge & then to Berkeley. Left North Shore Cuy at 12:15 - home at 1:35. I homedown. Wow!!
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D. Anderson 1956 Journal 23 July 17 Valencia Lagoor, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley 8 am (DST), drove our Bay bridge & S via Bayshore Freeway, Rt 9 & 17 to Santa Cruz. Thereon Rt 1 to Rio del Mar. Pond area now completely dried up. Soil only slightly moist where last remnants of pond had stood. Checked boards, veget- ation mats etc for salamanders but found none. Talked to Enid Mullin, real estate agent, about developments in Rio del Mar. She said that the entire area would lie developed for housing eventually but there would probably be little change in the next few years. She also spoke of building in the pond area for housing but said that the state still owned the property & nothing would be done for a number of years. 12:30 pm - drove to Cox Corralito to check ponds but found that all ponds had been drained & are now's cultivated. Saty drove to the pond S of Ja Delva Beach. The pond this was heavily grown over with Eleocharis but there was still quite a bit of water present. Depths up to 20". Worked with the dip net for 3/4 hour with no luck. Found only H. regilla larvae - shortly close to transformation. Many large Rana aurora tadpoles present also. Next checked the stand of willows S of pond. Got 2 A. m ewcomi much to my surprise. Expected A. tigrinum to be in here, especially since one year found DBR in vicinity last spring. This year looking into. Left here at 2 pm & drove thru Santa Cruz to Scotts Valley in S.C. meting wader small pond then with no luck. Drove home from here. Got back at 4:45 pm.
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Sept. 7. Tripto Rio del Mar, Watsonville & Point Lobos. Picked up Dot & Don Wilhoft at 7:45 AM (POT) and drove to Valencia lagoon via the usual route. Spent an hour tearing apart a medium sized Nextome house. Hoped to find aestivation's Ambystoma - no luck. At bottom of house soil was very moist - could be packed into balls which did not break upon topping. Some water was squeezed out of the very deepest soil-humus layer. 11:30 we drove S to Watsonville on Rt 1 & then left or unnamed Rd towards Carmos - first left after crossing Pajaro river. With aid of Topsheet we found a small pond 1/2 mile off this main road on a smaller road road which turns off to Carmo. Here we found hundreds of Toricha grandis, newly metamorphosed juveniles, & several adults. Saw Rana aurora, Hyla regilla, & a jinx. Coluber constrictor. This pond is smaller th or either Valencia lagoon or the Ambystoma spot S E of La Selva beach. There was still water in it but its not likely temporary. Saw no Eleocharis as at other localities. Lots of Polygonum in water. Toricha found in much same situation as our 2 macrododglem at th La Selva Beach localites - i surely logs in shade of Willows at pond edge. Why is Toricha here & not elsewhere? are Ambystoma & Toricha mutually exclusive?? Returned to main road & stopped for a bit east at a large pond. This, however, was full- really full - of bullfrogs & there was few other sign of life, save 1 rook. From here we continued in an easterly direction to jct. C 101. Thence S by a jct W towards Castroville. Saw 2
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Anderson 1956. Journal Sept. 7. Trip to Riddel Mor, Watsonville & Point Solov. plzr along this road which will becn checking at a future date during racing season. At Cashwell we got back on Rt 1 and drove S to Point Solov. Pseume ate lunch here & spent rest of the day lvrider's & observer's potential v tidal minutebooks.
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Anderson 1956 Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum Mar 16. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Searched for larvae along the fringes of Valencia lagoon. 45 min. spent at S W & West edges with no luck. Scope were made with a long handled dip net. The S edge of lagoon was heavily choked with cattail. The W edge with . Water was quite deep all along W side with only a little (2-6ft) of shallow water near the road (Bonita Rd.). The heavy vegetation lagoon after this & extended out 10 or far as 40 ft. Many Hyla tadpoles found at S end but few along W side. Water 2-2 ½ ft deep all along fringe of on W side. At the NW & N end of lagoon the inhabited lagoon to look more barrenish. There were long stretches of shallow water 12
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J. Anderson 1956 Ambystoma immaculatum crucinum 28 Mar. 16 Valencia lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. obtained by sweeping the net along the bottom, without digging into the litter on the bottom in water from 5"- 8" deep + in the vicinity of a clump of (Juncus?) barren vegetation (but not in the clump). As a rule more were taken where Hyla. was most abundant (shallower water). Water temp. 54° F. Air temp. 65° F. The sun was shining brightly. This end of lagoon is also best lighted. Again we found no Taricha here but found it abundant in San Mateo Santa Clara Counties. Bonita Rd. larvae OAK U.S. I Woods N facing slope Valencia lagoon W S E N S-facing grassy slope some chaparral
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J.D. Anderson 1956 Journal Oct 29 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Left Berkeley at 5:15 pm (PST) in a heavy rain. Drove south on Bayshore Freeway to Sunnyvale and then on 9 to Saratoga & Los Gatos. Took 17 across Sta Cruz Mtns and then Rt. 1 to Rio del Mar. No rain from San Mateo to Los Gatos. Heavy rain in Santa Cruz mtns & along coast. At Valencia Lagoon everything was very wet. Large paddies in Bonita Rd. 15 Ambystoma macrodactylum taken on Bonita Rd. Others were marked & released. 1 Ambystoma taken on the highway directly opposite the center of the pond area. This one capture showed clinch the idea of random dispersal. 6 Ensatina seen on Bonita rd (5 ad, 1 juv.), 2 Batrachoseps (1 ad, 1 juv) also. Hyla regilla active everywhere, mostly juvenile seen. 1 Hyla calling off in the oak woods. At 11 pm (PST) I left the lagoon to drive to another pond south of here (along San Andreas Rd.) 1 Ambystoma collected on San Andreas Rd. 3/4 mi. S.W of the jet with Rt. 1. To the west of Rd here there is a depression which could hold enough water to be a temporary pond. This animal could of course lie from the Valencia population, although it was moving in the opposite direction. No further Ambystoma were seen on this road for as far as the pond 1.5 mi SE La Selva Beach. Returned home to Berkeley at 1:45 AM (PST)
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J.D. Anderson 1956. 59 Journal Dec. 1. Trip to Stockton, San Joaquin Co., Cal. This trip an attempt to locate a possible locality for Ambystoma macrodactylum. 1 specimen exists in the V.C. Dent of Zool. at Davis collection. It was collected along Country Club Blvd. 1/4 mi. from San Joaquin river. A careful search along the present day Country Club Blvd. produced nothing. The Country Club still exists but has no habitat which looks like Ambystoma habitat. The surrounding area has been developed into a residential area. No suitable Ambystoma habitat now seen. There is considerable pest mites in this area (V.C.D.Z. spec. collected from plants) but no ponds exist there now. One possibility exists in this area. Along the Calaveras River about 1 mile east of the College of Pacific campus we saw several areas along the stream bed which look like good Ambystoma habitat. Much of the stream margin is reminiscent of over where A. tigrinum & A. opacum breed in Cape May Co. New Jersey. This story may be occupied by A. tigrinum here in Stockton. It also could be a channel for A. macrodact., since the Calaveras River comes from macrodact. country in the Sierra Nevada.
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J.D. Anderson 1957 60 Journal Jan. 24. Valencia Lagoon & other parts of southern Santa Cruz Co. Calif. Left Berkeley shortly after noon. There were showers throughout the AM in Bay Area & rain the previous night. Arrived in Rio del Mar at 3 pm. No sign of rain that day but ground was moist from previous days rain. Checked the lagoon & found it to be dry - yet! 1 gravid & macrotactylum located in clump of willows along north edge of "lagoon" area. No others found despite rather intensive search of willows & the oak woods. Drove to the Ja Selva Beach (Ellcott) locality. It too was dry but found 1 ad. ♀ in breeding condition in a clump of willows. After dark the entire Valencia Lagoon study area was searched with Coleman lantern. No Ambystoma found. 1 Cereider lugubris (ad. ♂) seen. No rain & rather low temp. Traps line (75 museum species) set in Oak Woods and Bocheria edge situations. 6 Peromyscus maniculatus, 1 P. californicus & 2 P. truei collected in woods. 3 Reithrodontomy megalotis (2 in oaks, 1 in Bocheria) collected. Jan. 25. Began raining about 9 AM & continued until 5:30 pm. Thereafter intermittent heavy showers until 9:15 pm. Drove S & W to Watsonville, mainly by way of farm roads. Saw several possible Ambystoma localities. Best was just N & W of Ja Selva Beach locality & been looking into. Returned to Valencia
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J-D Anderson 1957 Jan 25. Valencia Canyon & Southern Santa Cruz Co, Calif. Canyon at 3 pm. Rain very heavy & steady. After Dark 10 & macrodactylum + 3 or ? more captured marked & released. All of these were in prime breeding condition & all were moving towards the "Canyon" from the oak woods - 1 jiv was not marked, it was moving from the pond towards the oak woods. Interesting factor is that the main wave of juveniles had passed long before the adults began their breeding migration. Are there two sets of stimuli involved - could be either a temp or a rainfall threshold involved. Cannot discount the effect of the "unseasonable" early rain. Perhaps the adults must be at "sexual" peak" before they move & the first rains were too early to hit this. Should be checked. Rain stopped at 9:15. I thought it best to check other cross-road clock - before it became too dry. Did this with no more negative results. Saw several Cercidris liegubis and 1 Eusatinia on San Andreas road. No Ambystoma activity. Left for home about 10.
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G.D. Anderson 1957 Journal Feb. 22. Trip to Valencia Fajon Study Area, Santa Cruz Co., Cal. Left Berkeley at 9 A.M. Arrived Valencia Fajon, 11:30 A.M. after 1 stop in Santa Cruz for lunch. Sign of much recent rainfall; skies now overcast. Rain began about a little after noon. It rained steadily throughout the day & night. A thorough search was made of the "pond" area. No standing water as yet although the soil was spongy & soaked water in places. No salamanders found here. 1 adult, gravid F-F located in oak woods, marked & released. Left Valencia at 3 pm and checked "La Selva Beach" locality. There is some standing water here (see fieldnotes spec. account). Found 1 new Cambrystoma. Later I visited Mr. Edwards who owns this land & gave his permission to work at the locality anytime. He mentioned that a friend of his has a pond on Spring Valley Road about 1/4 mi W of his pond. He reports that large black salamanders with "yellow" markings are found in this when it is drained. These could be A. trivirum if they are as large as he claims. The dead trivirum found last year was close to Spring Valley Road. Mr. Edwards may be very helpful as study proceeds. After supper returned to Valencia. Worked Bonita from 6:45 to 8:40 - marking 12 & & + 3 F-F. Want to "La Selva Beach" area & collected 3 & &
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J.D. Anderson 1957. Journal Feb. 22 Tripto Valenciaagoon, Study Area Santa Cruz C.Calif. in water. Saw 3 others. Hyla regilla in full choius, many desparing. Many fresh egg masses all about. Rana aurora ♂♂ (405) seen. No ♀♀ aurora observed. Returned to Valencia at 11 pm. Collected 2 gravid ♀♀ for study + marked & 2 others. Got return of ♀ marked this A.M. Left area around 12-12:15 am. Arrived Berkeley 3:30 am. Fog + fatigue made driving quite slow.
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G.D. Anderson 1957 Journal March 9 Trip to Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz & Cold. Left Berkeley 7:30 am, arrived Rio del Mar at 10:15 AM. To my surprise there is yet very little water in the
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Journal March 23 Trip to Valencia, Sagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz & Cliff. Left Berkeley at 8 am with D[illegible] & Dan Wilhoft. Travelled via Skyline Blvd. Stopped at a pond 4½m.s. San Francisco Sun, Son Mateo. Caught 1 large ad. Thamnochis scitafis tetragona & jew. Continued on towards Santa Cruz with an occasional stop for collecting. Arrived at Valencia at 11pm. The food was much drier than two weeks previous. The pond area was not completely dry. Those areas which contained eggs to on March 9 were not hard & dry. The stream (Valencia Creek) was completely dry also. It would seem that the reproductive effort of the year will be absolutely zero. Even big rainstorms would do little good at this point. Thoroughly searched oak woods for adults but went more close to
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Anderson 1956 Amblystoma macrudoctylum croceum 188 Mar 29. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Hunted for larvae in the lagoon between 1:30 & 2:00 PM. Found 12 which were measured & then released. Collected several along the east side of pond this time - didn't get to work at that last time. Also got 1 on W margin. All of these however were at the northern most end of pond regardless of which side they were on. Several were taken at the exact same location as on Mar. 16. The larvae were remarkable in their size - almost all were larger than any of the largest of late season individuals. Two small ones about size of those collected on Mar. 16. These may be from a late laying. All larvae were collected in water from 6"-9" deep & in relatively clear areas. No algae mats present where larvae taken. Act taken where new, green grass shoots coming up. Grass has extended much further out into pond as compared to last trip (Mar. 16) Success in grass made collecting more difficult - not doesn't sweep bottom properly. Many mat hiding places for larvae. All salamanders had bulging tummies - well fed! Size depth (S) temp (B) Remarks 1-1:35 16mm 6" 58°F | 51°F Hiway side at end of pond. 29mm 8½" 57°F | 49°F " 28mm 8" 57°F | 48°F no sign of hind feet on this or one above. 35mm 8½" 57°F | 50°F small hind limbs. Hiway side so far from end of pond- 30mm 9 57°F | 47°F tiny hind limbs. 33mm same as above first one was spotted before netting. 19 same 29 7" - 52°F 21 no data 35 " 28 8" 56°F | 48°F 2 in 1 scoop. 28 " " " x = 27.05 19-35
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Anderson 1956 Cymbaloma m. circum 70 Capt Valencia Fuzon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Marking Study marked. sex S-V Remarks Apr.10 1 RF-1, LF-1 43mm pattern in narrow band. l Apr.10 2 RF-1 LF-2 87 53 few breaks in pattern, small Apr.10 3 RF-1 LF3 87 58 double band - partly broken Apr.14 4 RF-1 LF4 juv. 37 milky secretion from tail Apr.14 5 RF-2,LF-1 juv. 36 recent break at tail (16 mm) June 16 6 RF-2,LF-2 juv. 38 newly transformed, no good pattern June 16 7 RF-3,LF-3 juv. 39 " " pattern forming June 16 8 RF2, LF4 juv. 37 " " gill slubs present June 16 9. RF3, LF1 juv. 38. " " ; dorsal blocking June 16 10'RF3, LF 2 juv. 36 " " ; gill slubs, fleched. June 16 11 RF3,LF3 juv. 40 " " ; pattern forming. June 21 12 R FB,LF4. 40 " " June 21 13 RF4, LF1 39 pattern not visible June 21 14 RF4, LF2 39 " June 21 15 RF4, LF3 35 " June 21 16 RF4, LF4 34 June 21 17 RH1,LH 1 35 June 21 18 RH1, LH2 36 Sept.19 19 RH1, LH3 " 20 RH1 +2, LH4 " 21 RH1, LH5 " 22 RH2, LH1 " 23 RH2, LH2 " 24 RH2, LH3 " 25 RH2, LH4 " 26 RH2, LH5 " 27 RH3, LH1, RF2 " 28 RH3, LH2 " 29 RH3, LH3 " 30 RH3, LH4 " 31 RH3, LH5
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J.O. Anderson 1956 A.M. crocum Valencia Canyon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Sept 19. marked Sex SV Remarks. 32 RH4,LH1 juv 40 33 RH4,LH2 " 42 34 RH4,LH3 " 42 35 RH4,LH4 " 39 36 RH4,LH5 " 39 37 RH5,LH1 " 37 38 RH5,LH2 " 41 39 RH5,LH3 " 41 40 RH5,LH4 " 40 41 RH5,LH5 " 41 42 RF1,RH1 " 39 43 RF1,RH2 " 40 44 RF1,RH3 " 38 45 RF1,RH4. " 40 46 RF1,RH5 " 40 47 RF2,RH1 " 41 48 RF2,RH2 " 41 49 RF2,RH3 " 42 50 RF2,RH4 " 35 51 RF2,RH5 " 34 Sept 20 52 RF4,RH2+3 " - 53 RF4,RH2+3 " - Oct.7 54 " " " " 41 taken under leaf litter, some 55 " " " 41 gust under soil, under willow 56 " " " 42 tree NW corner of road area 57 " 58 " 59 " 60 61 62 63 64
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D Anderson 1956 G.m. croceum Valencia, Lagoor, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. oct 7. 65 RF4,RH2+3 giv. 5v Robd (Bounta) 66 " " .. 67 " " .. 68 " " .. 69 " " .. 70 " " .. 71 RF2, RH3+4 .. 38 .. 72 " " .. 73 " " 37 .. 74 LF2, LH 2(3) 43 .. 75 RF2, RH. 3+4 .. 76 " " .. 77 " " 41 .. 78 " " .. 79 " " .. 80 " " Hiwag 81 " " Bounta Rd 82 RF2, RH 2,3+4 .. 83 RF2, RH 3+4 .. 84 " " .. 85 " .. RFI m 24 86 RF3 RH1 grand Pfeiffer 57-53- 5yrs w fulla Willer under him
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Anderson 1956 Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum 73 Apr. 10. Valencia Lagoor, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calis. Road checks along dirt road up into oak woods. 1 juv. Eucalinea - 7:10 pm 25 yds from Bonita Rd. 1 al. Hylo - 40 yds up road. 7:15 1 ad. Hylo. 10 yds past first turn in road. 1 ad & Ambystoma 50 ft from entrance to Cloud 10 - (a house) on sandy road, 7:20 pm. Light rain coming down. Had been raining intermittently since 4 pm. Road damp but not wet in this spot. A clearing lies west of road at this point. Many buller logs in the clearing - may be good spot to check. Another adult Ambystoma on rd. 2:45 p.m. Bby N of Pinchot Cottage & 95 paces N of Big Douglas fir (E side of Rd). This one standing right in a puddle where the road was extremely wet. 7:45 - lost 20 min. rain has been very hard. 8:30 3rd adult Ambystoma taken on Bonita Drive between white house with cypress tree + metal garage. It was walking rapidly in a northerly direction. No other Ambystomas found. Total of 15 Hylo regally seen on the road, 2 Ancister lugubris, 3 Eosantia eschscholtzsi & 3 Batrachoseps atterunton seen on Road check. Many snail out, but only 3 or 4 Banana slugs. Began Road check at 7:10, ended at 8:40. Sept. 19 Valencia Lagoor Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. After rainfall on nights of 17th & 18th a road check was made to see if Ambystoma were active at 7:45 pm (PDT) we began a walk up road which winds from Bonita Rd thru woods. No Ambystoma seen. 2 Ancister + 3 Batrachoseps seen, 1 Batrachoseps on the road, Ancister + 1 Batrach. on wall of road cut. Went up road as far as old Garage then returned.
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D Anderson 1956. 74 Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum Apr. 10 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. (1) 1 ad ♀ cl. temp 12.5 seen on rd. 50 ft from entrance to Cloud 10. Air temp. 1/4
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D. Anderson 1956 Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum Markings June 21 Valencia Gorgeon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. # 12 1 june RF3 LF 4, SV 40 mm tail 39. found under mat of vegetation. In shallow depression in mud. just S of 2nd stand of Tulip(?) & E of large willow. Temp. under mat at surface of mud 58°F. Temp on top of mat (loosly shaded) 62°F. (recently dried up area) #13+14. Under small, wet, rotting log. 2 ft from 2nd Tulip(?) clump. Water recently dried up (small lizards present), cool & shaded, 2" mud under log. #15. Under log (36" long, 6" diam.) in shade of the large willow tree. Lots of willow leaves & twigs about temp. under log. 47°F.; air temp under willow 42°F. #16. Under veg. mat 20 yds due S of large willow. #17 same as above. #18 same
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Anderson 1956 76 Ambystoma macrodactylum June 16 Valencia lagoon, Rio del mar, Santa Cruz Co. Calif. Sizes of 8 juveniles measured in field. (snout to posterior part of hind limb insertion, tail from base to tip) # 6. SV-38, tail 40 - total 78 mm. 7. SV-37, tail 35 - total 72 mm 8. SV-37, tail 33 total - 70 mm 9. SV-38, tail 42 total - 80 mm 10. SV-36, tail 14 total 50 mm (stub tail) 11. SV-40, tail 41 total 81 mm. measurement of 2 brought to lab - chlorotoned. SV-41 tail 45 total 86 - gills small. (4mm) SV-41 tail 48 total. - tiny gill stubs Tail length not a good measurement as yet since tail fin in various degree of atrophy - expect that tail shorten as transformation proceeds. Used snout to limb insertion since vent not yet in adult condition - actually this approximate measurement to ant edge of vent gill closely. 2 animals (above) measured in lab. Dorsal pattern faintly well developed but washed as yet by dark pigment, may not have shed skins or yet. Will keep alive for study. P112.36 Pyxis
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Anderson 1956 Ambystoma macrodactylum May 5. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Search made for larvae between 2:15 + 3:20 pm D.S.T. The W. end of pond examined by usual dipping method produced no larvae whatsoever. The pond has shrunk considerably. Areas where larvae were very gladious in mist + late mkt are either dry or represented by shallow pools choked with Eleocharis. Extensive grate at this end & also along N side of pond are heavily grown in by Eleocharis. Suitable areas for larvae are now much farther out towards center of pond due to dispersal of Eleocharis. However, pond level has dropped & depth of water at fringe of Eleocharis is still optimal for salamanders. Spread of Eleocharis is undoubtedly related to extent of area of shallow water. Rechecked pond for larvae between 6:15 + 7:45 - obtained 14. Most were collected along N side of pond in vicinity of large willow tree. All tubes in area of sparse Eleocharis and at depth of between 9 and 12". Following data from measurements of these 14 larvae. 61 mm 11" water. 42 mm 11" 63 mm 11 1/2" 39 11" n = 14 56 11" X = 56.28 40 9" 64 9 1/2" 55 10" 63 10" 66 60 ↑ time did not permit 61 depth measurement. 68 but approx. some 55 ↓ or close.
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0. Anderson 1956 Ambystoma macrodactylum June 16 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 11 newly transformed or transforming individuals found at edges of shrinking pond. Standing water reduced to 1 large pool 10-25 yds diameter, + several smaller scattered pools. Greatest depth of water ca 4". Most salamanders were found under vegetation mat in area which have just dried up. 1-3" of mud under mats - plenty wet. Several transforming larvae found at fringe of pools, in vegetation. Some temp. data pertinent to collection area. Temp 4" water (shaded by vegetation) on bottom 55° F. at surface 63° F. Temp at surface of mud under vegetation mat - 58° F. " " " 58° F 57° F 57° F Temp 1" under water 61° F. None of 11 larvae show adult croceum pattern as yet. Some show beginning of pigment aggregation seen in late development. Actually the lack of pattern make anurals almost invisible in mud. Other life under mat - swarmin's with insects of every type - mostly small. Tiny, newly metamorphosed Hydropsyche everywhere. A large, dead Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi seen near collection spot. Mallard Ducks about. All but 3 of this sample marked & released. The 3 non-marked were released also.
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D Anderson 1956 Ambystoma macrodactylum -9 cp. 6700 ft June 26 Big Meadows, along Elletts Pass Road, Calaveras Co., Calif. Collected large series of small larvae in pond at side of road (South side). Pond probably temporary. Surrounded by pine trees. 50 yds long by 20-25 yds wide. No vegetation on bottom. Bottom litter mostly pine needles. Water reddish in color but quite clear (probably highly acid.) All larvae taken at between 6"-12" depth. Few R. Hyla tadpoles present. Only 1 age class of larvae present. Apparently no stream enters pond - must lie melt off from snow. 1 Thomophin taken at this pond had 2 Ambystoma larvae (some size as those collected) in stomach. Greatest concentration of larvae near broken logs - near shore line. Few larvae away from shore. None seen floating - all larvae remained close to bottom. Made netting difficult. No adults found in vicinity. June 27. Grass Lake near Fitch Pass, El Dorado Co., Calif. 3 tiny (newly hatched) larvae taken at fringes of very large shallow pond. Strong flow of water thru middle of pond but margin quiet. Pine needles & cone littered the bottom. Very difficult to find; stayed close to bottom. Many Hyla larvae & some R. muscosa larvae in water. Aug. 7 Big Meadows, along Elletts Pass Rd., Calaveras Co., Calif. about 50 newly transformed salamanders taken under logs & pieces of wood bark. All were in depression formed by newly dried up pond. Only water restricted to puddle 4' across & 2" deep. No Ambystoma in water. Large number found under small piece of wood in particularly damp spots. 19 under one piece 8" long & 4" wide, in shade of a large log. Temp of mud 17 °C. 13 found under another of approx. same size & position, temp of mud C.
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Ambystoma macrodactylum 80 Aug 7 Big Meadows, 6500 ft Colavere Co., Calif 5 were found under large log 6 ft long x 1 ft diam 3 of those were entwined Salamanders were clumped in case of 19 x 13, one atop of other & entwined many still have gills but color pattern is developing but not yet fully developed Pond was apparent 90 yds long x 45 yds wide at greatest extent. S bank lined w fir tree giving some shade to that side Few cotton fir on N side, there little shade All dried up since June Porter snake seen this time, 4 collected lost limbs Many transform ing in Hyla regilla seen. 1 Thamnophis collected had 1 Hyla regilla in stomach. Temp under big log where 5 were collected 19.5 C Ground temp (fully shaded) across side log 22.4°C.
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Anderson 1956 Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum July 17. 1.5 mi SE La Selva Beach, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. I collected 25 yards from edge of large temporary pond in open field. 1st taken under willow log 3 ft long, 1/2 ft diameter. Soil moist but not wet (no water could be squeezed out). Net work of mammal burrows under log (Microtus californicus seen in one of burrows). Isopods, earthworm + larvae under same log. Transforming Hyla regilla near log but none under. Stand of willow begin 10 ft behind log. No vegetation on ground surrounding the log. Soil all around quite dry except at very edge of pond & under willows. 2nd taken under small board, 2 ft long, 2" diameter. Board buried about 1/2" in moist soil. Actually under a spreading willow tree. Soil under board only slightly moister than surrounding ground which is fairly moist under trees. Many isopods under board. Numerous other boards & logs in this area but no further salamanders taken. Several boards used by small H. regilla & almost all had isopods under them. Entire S side of pond blanked by willows. W side bounded by mud road trucks. Other two sides by gravel road + cultivated land. Pond still extensive in area but choked with elodea - to such extent that sweeps with net were ineffective. See journal + future notes for description of this region. July 27 Same locality I collected under pile of small sticks + twigs in a depression 4 ft wide x 2 ft deep, 15 yds from moist edge of pond. Soil moist under debris. Temp. alongside salamander 64° F. 2nd taken under willow log (3 1/2 ft long, 6" diam.), 40 yds from pond. 62° Female logs. Soil moist.
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Anderson 1956 Ambystoma m. croceum Sept 19 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz C., Cal. Upon return from woods we turned next (8 left) out on Bonita Rd. 15 yards from jet a juv (♀) was found and soon 7 others found between jet and Joan Green residence. While marking & measuring there til + Dot found 14 more slightly west of Joan Green residence. We marked these at East end of Green house and picked up others as they crossed road in immediate vicinity. Total of 33 marked. 22 more seen but not marked. All but 2 of these 55 salamanders were moving from pond to oak woods, this fudging from their movement - Some were seen walking out of brush at edge of road & more across road towards woods. P, → O.W. Salamanders were still abundant → when we left the area at 1:50 → am. (POT). 12:30 AM (POT) temp. under 1/4" sand at roadside 14.2°C " 1" above road surface 13.3°C. Sept. 20. 2 A.M. croceum marked as they moved from pond toward woods. Ground much drier. Bright moon, sky clear. 9:45 temp at surface of sand at roadside 12°C " 1/4" under sand 14.2°C Air temp. 1" above sand. 11.8°C
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Anderson 1956 Ambystoma macrodactylum 83 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Oct 7. 7 juveniles captured, marked + released. All taken just under leaf litter at North East end of pond area under a spreading willow tree. The willow cover the area so as to keep it almost entirely shaded. Leaf litter is up to 1/2" deep. Soil under litter is dark + moist. Contrasted with soil of surrounding area it is loose + movable, not caked + too packed hard as it in exposed areas or at feet of willow clumps. No water could be squeezed out of soil but it could be molded into a pellet which did not break or crumble when tapped. Temp under leaf litter 15.4°C, air temp 1/2" above litter 15.2°C. 1 salamander was found 1" inside of a shallow, small (1" diameter) burrow. Another was found 8" inside of some burrow. Remaining 5 were near surface, usually in a cup like depression + always under litter. All were coiled tightly when found + made no attempt to escape. Time 3:15 pm (PST). At 6:45 (PST), 3 1/4 hr after dark this same region was checked with a colmon lantern + one of the Ambystoma was found moving over the litter slowly. It pushed under the litter using snout + disappeared quickly. This was one of the animals marked in the afternoon. 10 Ambystoma were marked as they crossed Bonta Rd. All but two were moving (or foraging) from pond area towards the oak woods. The two exceptions were foraging E and parallel to pond area. There were all taken between 6:30 + 9:50 pm [crossed out] (PST) at 6:40 when # 62 was taken temp at surface of Rd was 16.2°C; scale held against side of salamander read 16.0°C. At 7:35 when Nos. 64 + 65 were taken (65 just as it emerged from brush on pond side of road) temp 1/2" above litter at roadside was 15.8°C. Temp in litter was 15.6°C # 63 was taken on road foraging pond at 9:50 (2 hrs + 25 min) after marking. Temp 1/4 above road 14.6°C.
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Anderson 1956 Ambystoma macrodactylum 84 Oct 7. 1.5 mi. SE La Selva Beach, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 sub-adult collected under large log 6' x 6". Soil sandy + relatively moist. Log very close to base of an old Willow tree + is well shaded by the tree. Temp under log: 16.2°C. Frogfoot, small Coral snake + ? Hyla tegule under some log. No other salamander seen here despite thorough search. Color of dorsal blotching. Macy & Paul. Pl. 12. 9K+vic.
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O Anderson 1956 Ambystoma tigrinum Apr. 14 Ellicott, 1.5 mi S E Jalbrun, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 adult (sex?) found DOR on San Andreas Rd. mi. by road from Valencia Tazon, a large pond less than 1 mi. from DOR specimen. Country is flat, forming & grazing land between hills & the sea. about 1 mi. directly west in sea. Native vegetation to the west is coastal sage & lupine formation. To the east about 2 miles are oak covered hills. S & W aspect of hills are grassy & open whereas N & some E. facing slopes are covered & dense oak woods ( Q. macrophyllum ? ) This flat country is much like the tigrinum locality near Walnut creek in the Bay area. Aug 22. 1.5 mi S E Jalbrun Beach Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Pond now completely dry. Dried up sometime between 1 August & 22 August. Transforming Hyla regilla & Rana aurora all over the place. Thorough check made to Ambystoma with no luck at all.
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F.D. Anderson 1957 Journal May 18 Valencia Fagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley 1:30 P.M (P.D.T), arrived at Rio del Mar 4 pm. Much to my dismay I found several areas along Bonita Rd cleared & marked off into lots. 1 area has a building partly erected. One cleared area is [illegible] adjacent to parking area & close to spot where most of my animals were worked. There are indications that more is yet to come. These spots were not so only cleared but some burned as well. Adios Valencia!! Drove down to the La Selva Beach area and found pond dried up, searched willows & edge of pond - no salamanders. Rain beginning to let up slightly. Ate supper about 5:45. Returned to Valencia at 6:30. Rain just a misty drizzle. Ground very moist puddles everywhere. Dry under larger boards & logs.
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J.O. Anderson 1957 Journal Oct. 13 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 8:30 am with Dot Wilkoft. Arrived study area at 10:45 am. Rain's hard upon arrival. Checked the "pond area" & willow clumps for salamanders, found nothing. No Ilyla active either. Dead Elecharis from last year very neat, mostly fallen over - very thick. Very wet at fringes of willow clump. Under willows the litter was very wet but ground under only slightly moist. Not hard however. In pond area the soil has softened over its usual summer state. Only largest cracks remain & these begin to crumble. In many places, especially near the cat-tail clumps soil is very wet - water can be squeezed from it. at far N end of "pond area" there is standing water. Several distinct, elongate pools about 10 yds long & [illegible] 1 ft or less wide. This averaged about 1" deep - up to 2" in one place. Not sure why this should have water & no place else, unless the creek brought it in. At 12 noon took short walk up into oak woods. Saw only 1 Batrachoseps. Still fairly phly under larger logs & boards. Rotter logs, however, are wet - can squeeze water from them. Leaf litter wet but if it is thick the ground is not very wet underneath. The upper road, close to junction with Bonita Rd. has a road
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Journal Oct. 13 Valencia Lagoon, Bird del Mar, Santa Ana Co., Calif. Sunbelt stream cutting along its west side. Both Bonita + Upper road have many large puddles - some 5-10 yds wide or them. Still raining hard. Turned boards + litter - lost my progress. 1 pm - ate in cafe about 2 mi W of Valencia. Proprietor - Boney Neal - said it had been raining steadily since mid-day on Thursday Oct 10. The ealier rainstorm did not reach here with force - only scattered showers - "not enough to stop out door construction work". After lunch we drove to "Sulphur Beach" locality. No standing water here at all. Roads very wet - but it stopped raining at about 1:40 pm (PST) worked willow area here. Quite wet - but as at Valencia, dry under most logs + boards. As we left this place - partly chased by several unruly cows + 1 mostly looking Bull, we found 1 Ambystoma tigrinum on the road immediately adjacent to pond. Am. richieved about 55 mm S.V. Killed last night - most likely. Drove most of roads in this region, into Watson- ville + back by way of Sunset Beach Park. Hydra regilla seizing in ponds here. Lot of water in ponds. Must bee checked for either or both Ambystoma. Ponds between high bluff + beach dunes - so salamanders may not use it. Drove back to Valencia + went up to
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Journal Oct. 13 Valencia Canyon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. The ridge road (Soma Bricks??) which runs along top of the hill. Turned loose dug in little bird again near [illegible]. Finished this at 5 pm, then ate supper returned at 6. Dark lost some light still in sky. Worked Bonita Rd for salamanders reserving Coleman lantern. No Amblystoma, Best saw 8 Batrachoseps (2 ground & 4, 2 small juven. & 4 ??). Walked upper road and found & worked 5 a.m. stream (4???, 1 ?). Ground moist, sky clear, no rain since 2 pm. Saw 3 sub-adult Ensatina. Finished here at 9 pm, intended to drive to Jade Cove Beach area but had car trouble. Did not get going again until ~~after~~ after 10 pm. Since it had been long day & Monday is work day we drove home. Left Santa Cruz at 10:30, arrive home 12:20. Note omitted. Trevicha granulosa DAR 1 sp. N. Soquel, Santa Cruz Co. 10 am. Raining hard.
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Journal Oct. 20 Valencia Lagoon, Rd Del Mar, Santa Ana S., Calif. Left Berkeley 9:15 am with Hillier & Bruce. Arrived Rd del Mar at 11:30. Began work at once. Checked all logs in willow clumps & at edge of lagoon area. Nothing but isopods. There is still lots of moisture here but no standing water this week. Quite wet in leaf litter, dry at surface usually. At 1 pm we drove to Sunset Beach St. Park for lunch. On way over I picked up a bird's Eared gule. The bird ran swiftly but apparently could not fly. I felt wings beat but saw no break. Released the bird in a small pond about 300 yards from sea (fresh H2O pond). Upon entering water it became active & alert. Began drinking immediately. Swam well & occasionally raised off water to lean wings. In five minutes it began chir'g & beak'g. Checked this pond for salamanders. It's about 50 yds long by 20-30 yds wide. Eleocharis very thick. Made about 100 sweeps with dip net (at funizes) & got only insects (Hemiptera - notonectids & odonate larvae). This pond must be checked again when it rains. It stands between a sage covered hillside & sand dunes of the beach. Hyla regilla seen & heard. Should be an Ambystoma in this at some time. Left here at 3 pm. Returned to Valencia
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Journal Oct. 20 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Lagoon and probed in the oak woods for a little over an hour. Turned all likely looking logs & stones. Still not very moist under them. Also checked oak leaf litter in several places. All negative. No salamanders of any kind. Returned home at 7:30 pm after an unsuccessful but pleasant day.
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F.D. Anderson 1952 Journal Nov. 18 Valencia Lagoon, La del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calib. Left Albany Village at 12:30 pm + drove via usual route to Bio del Mar, arriving there about 2:30 pm. Very slight drizzle between 2:30 + 3:30. Ground wet, showed signs of rainfall of previous night and this morning. No sign of pools in the pond area as yet. Spent most of afternoon in reconnaissance. Set out drift fence + hardware cloth trap about 30 yds from junction of Bonita Rd + Hill road. Set it in thick oak litter. Hard to work in way thick oak litter. At 4 pm I drove to 1.5 mi. S E La del Mar Beach locality. No standing water there as yet, and since it was getting dark I decided not to spend time here. Ate supper at 5 + returned to Valencia. Walked the road - Bonita + Hill Rd with Coleman lantern. Found 26 Ambystoma m. - croceum. Cell ♀♂♀, all but 1 moving toward pond area. Brought 2 back for study, marked + released 17. 7 others seen more not marked. Saw 5 Batrachoseps + 2 jew. Encroaching on food. Many snails, slugs, earthworms + millipedes on the move. Heard Hyla regilla singing in woods + saw 5 on road. At 11 pm took a slow drive to La del Mar Beach locality. Saw 1 Quercus + several Hyla but nothing else. Left at 11:45 pm + returned home at 1:45 am.
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Journal Dec. 5 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Albany 12:30 pm & arrived Rio del Mar 2:35. It was raining in Bay Area but rain had stopped in Santa Cruz. Sky overcast. Worked pond area & oak woods, turning all logs. Saw only 1 Batrachoseps and nothing else. 3:30 drove to La Selva Beach locality & turned logs and again found nothing. Drove down to pond at Sunset Beach State park. This pond was flooded over the road. Sun had set already so I decided not to work this area now. Ate supper & returned to Valencia at 5:45. On way in found one P croceum at side of Bonita Rd facing away from pond. Not completely dark as yet. Walked the road until 8:45 pm. 6 trips on Bonita Rd. & one on hill road. No salamanders! Sky clear, stars & moon out - quite light. At 9 pm I drove to La Selva locality and again found nothing. Returned home. The beasts certainly need rain.
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Journal December 15 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Albany at 11:15 am & drove via woodland route arriving Santa Cruz at 11:20 pm. Stopped the work area just opposite Red Door Cafe - towards the sea. Large area of oaks along course of stream ( [illegible] ). Some willow seen so it seemed worth a check for Anbystoma. The setting in oak woods is very much like that at Rio del Mar. However there are no real Ambystoma breeding spots. Stream is narrow & moves pretty rapidly for the mile or two I checked. Collected 3 Ensatina, saw 1 other plus 1 Oreides and many Batrachosaps. Drove on to Valencia, checked pond area between 2:30 and 3:45 pm. More water on stands at north side of pond area - between the two large willow stands. Walked west to end of pond area and followed old stream bed which runs W-E. About 50 yds from westerly most end of pond area & found an old culvert hidden in a Rubus thicket. It had considerable water in it ( pool of 8 ft long + 3 ft wide. Water was groming in to top of culvert through an opening. Traced this water to a spring at side of Bonita Rd where it begins descent to lagoon level. Water was pouring out rapidly. This is probably fed by seepage from oak woods above - Probably
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G.D. Anderson 1957 Journal. Dec. 15 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co. only runs during rainy season - I have passed this spot before + never noticed it. If flow continues at this rate the pond should fall soon. Especially if the stream at E end of lagoon begins to flow. Hyla regilla was sounding off all about - mostly in oak woods - most I have heard so for this season. At 3:45 drove to Salada locality to check water situation there. Turned logs first but found nothing but 1 Hyla regilla. There is standing water in this area now. The portion of pond opposite Willow clump - N E corner - is partly flooded. Water up to 5
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F.D. Anderson 1957 Journal Dec. 15 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co. Stanford campus for Amblystoma tigrinum. Drove around bed of La Sale Laguna but saw no sign of salamanders. Many dead Hylo regilla & several living ones on road. Saw one Trichura torosa on Palo Alto side of campus (away from Laguna). Got home about 2:30 pm. Dec 19. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Left Albany at 11:30 am & arrived in Santa Cruz at 1:30 pm. Stopped just south of city of Santa Cruz along the highway. There is a stream which runs under road, on west side of road it is overflowed. Willows grow here - might be a spot for Amblystoma. Found nothing but this spot should be checked again. Continued on to Valencia. In spite of recent rain there is still only a little water here - same as described earlier. Worked around willows & edge of pond area for an hour then chose to check La Selva Beach area. Slightly more water here. Drove over to see J. Edwards, owner of La Selva area. Got his permission to work pond & a warning about nasty cattle. Mrs. Edwards mentioned seeing aquatic salamanders in spring behind their home. Checked it out - negative. She said she would save them for me if she found any. Went back to La Selva & used dip net in water - no luck. Set out 3 traps - funnel type - set 4:15 pm. Ate supper 4:30-5:15. Returned to
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Journal Dec 19 Valeria Fagon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. V.L. at 5:30. Sky cleaning - no rain. Checked roads between 5:40 & 8:45. No luck at all. Made 4 round trips to spring, 2 to garage v1 on hill road. Saw only 1 Bahochaepa & 3 Hyila. However Hyila were calling until 7:30 pm. Sky became very clear. Star out - etc. Temp. 1/4" above bd at 7pm 6.5°C, at 8pm 5.9°C. Soil temp. 6.0°C. Temp 3ft aboved. 6.0°C. Left at 9 pm & went out to la delva. Found 2 of A.m. proceem in trap #1. Nothing in other trap. Had been working here 15 min. when I was chased out by 3 large Cougar bowls Water here is much as described in Journal for Dec. 15. Slightly more extensive & a little deeper - deepest spot 7" & rest 5". Left at 9:30 & arrived home 11:30 pm
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Anderson 1957 Ambystoma macrodactylum Jan 24. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 gravid ? under log 5 yds from large fallen willow. Cl. temp [illegible] (9.2° C), temp under log [illegible] (7.2° C), air temp [illegible] (6.8° C). Abdomen swollen, cloacal lips slightly swollen. Tail fin well developed. When handled it exuded sticky white substance along lateral aspect of basal portion of tail. Very moist under log & quite moist under willow leaf litter in this area. Pattern of small spots, very broken. No color on head. Marked RF3, RH1. After dark entire area (woods, woods, willow clumps) was thoroughly searched but no Ambystoma seen. Did not rain all day & was clear throughout the night. Jan 24. La Selva Beach, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 ad. ♂ collected under an old railroad tie. Cloacal temp. 9.2° C, soil temp under board 7.4° C, Air temp '1/4
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Ambystoma macrodactylum Jan. 25 Valucia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. During this time adult macrodactylum moved down from the woods towards the pond area. 10 females and 3 males were marked and released. All were moving towards the pond area (even though there is yet no water present). All ?? were gravid, eggs being seen through the abdominal wall. ?? had greatly swollen vents. Both ?? + ?? had enlarged tail fins but this was most pronounced in ??. Dorsal portion of tail was greatly heightened + in most cases fin tissue extended beyond normal tip of the tail. Chloral temperature of 6.8, 6.4 + 7.2 were recorded, surface of road recorded at 6.8 + 6.4 and air temp (1/4 ft above surface) 6.2 + 6.0oC. 1 jrnr. salamander was found moving in the opposite direction ( from pond toward sub woods). All salamanders secreted a viscous, white, liquid when handled. This exuded mostly from sides of tail particularly the dorsal half, although some appeared along dorsal lateral aspect of the posterior trunk region. Extremely sticky + made handling the salamander very difficult. Hiwy 1 N W E S Pond area (dry) X X Bochani X < X Bornt Rd. Oak woods
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Ambystoma macrodactylum Jan 25 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Sketch on bottom of preceding page - arrows indicate location of ad. salamander + direction of movement. Large clump at E end of pond area may be correlated with the many rivolets which flow down from woods at this point. One person found crawling down in such a rivulet. When released she turned back towards woods but when placed back in rivulet she followed it towards the pond area. Could be that salamanders use routes below to find feeding areas. Feb. 22 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 gravid ad. ? found at 2 pm under a board 5 yds from Salamander Road 4ke from junction with Bonita . Board elevated 1" from substrate, wet under board. Temp under board 12.4°C, Air temp at top of board 12.6°C. Marked ♀ LF-2; LH 5. Returned ? to original position. At 3:30 pm rechecked + she was in same place. 1 gravid ad. ? found under [illegible] board just E. of from Green House at 3 pm. Body temp. 13.2°C, Temp under board (in letter) 12.6°C. Marked ♀ LF-3; LH-1. Hyla regilla ♂ + Ensatina ♂ found under same board. Between 6:45 pm + 8:40 pm, 15 Ambystoma found by walking Bonita Rd with Coleman Jantz. Those marked + released. 12 ♂♂, 3♀♀. All from ponds coming from woods. Returned to Valencia
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Ambystoma macrodactylum Feb.22 Valenciaagoon, Birdel Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. at 11 pm. Found 5 ♀♀ on Bonita between jet and Green House. 2 of these were bant for study. 2 were marked & released. 1 was #100 (LF2;LH5) ♀ who was marked & released at 2 pm today. It was crossing the road 75 yards West of junction with "Salmonder" road. It had thus traveled Feb.22. 1.5 mi.SE.Sa delva Beach, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Checked edges of pond area, willows wood piles etc but found no salamanders. There are now several ditch like areas which have 4-5" of water in them. Other scattered areas have 1-2" water. Less than 1/3 of total pond area is water. Left at 3:30 pm returned at 9 pm. Collected 3 ♂♂ from largest flooded area. Those were all in 2-3" of water and found by use of Coleman lantern. 3 others (⊗) were seen but these escaped. No ♀♀ seen. Water temp 2" below surface 17.0°C. Air temp. 10.5°C. a very strong wind blowing from the West. Rained all day & all night.
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G.D. Anderson 1957 Cembryotoma macrodactylum March 10. MV2. Eggs of A.m. croceum collected on March 9 all in blastula at 7 pm. Kept in 2 large (4") finger bowls at room temp. March 12 (3pm) neurula 19.5°C March 13 (4pm) late neurula - body, tail bud 19.0°C. March 15 (5pm) - late tail bud 19.4°C March 17 (4pm) - gills, tail dendrod 19.5°C March 19 (8 pm) - 1st circulation in gills, balancer well dendrod, gills unbranched, melanophores scattered, fore limb swelling. March 21, hatching's. 10 am. 19.2°C at hatching's. 7 mm total length, eyes & mouth closed. No ventral melanophores, few or gills. yolk present. melanophores concentrated on tail (especially tip), posterior part of neck (dorsal), scattered on lateral surfaces. fin bud a two rounded protuberance [illegible] Balancer long, no melanophores. Gills simple with only 1 or two buds to indicate future branches.
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Amphistoma macrodactylum croceum Oct. 13 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 5 adults marked on the upper wood than the oak wood. 1st at 7 pm (PST) #119 ♀, cl. temp. 15.2°C, temp 1/2" above surface 14.8°C. Facing down hill direction, as though it had come down from hillside to N. But actually facing N.E. while pond is NW. All other but #123 facing same approx. direction. #123 facing exactly opposite. 7:30 pm (PST), #120 ♂, cl. temp. 15.0°C, temp 1/4" above surface 14.8°C, soil 14.6°C. 7:40 pm (PST), #121 ♂ - no temp. data 7:50 pm (PST), #122 ♂, cl-temp 15.2°C, temp 1/4" 15.0°C, soil 15.0°C. 8:15 pm (PST), #123 ♂, cl. temp 14.4°C, temp 1/4" 14.0, soil 14.4°C. ♀ had well rounded, but not distended abdomen. ♂♂ all had swollen vents. Only #123 had vent so swollen as to be considered prime condition. Others well swollen but not quite prime.
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum Nov. 18 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 26 adult ♂♂ seen between 6 pm and 10:45 pm on or near the sandy road starting the south edge of Valencia Lagoon. All [illegible], but 1, were facing towards the pond area. The one exception was facing west, parallel to the pond area. All had well developed tail fins & enlarged choroidal crops. It had rained during the night of 17th & this morning's. Showers between 2:30 & 3:30 pm and again between 7:15 and 8:15. There light but continuous showers. Ground & duff quite moist - but [no] runoff. 2 ♂♂ brought back for study, 7 others observed but not marked. Remaining 17 marked & released. Temp. data recorded below (number refers to marking catalog). # cl. temp. temp '1/4' 124 12.8°C 12.0°C 125 —— 12.4°C 126 12.0 11.8 127 12.2 —— 128 12.0 11.8 129 12.8 131 11.8 11.6 154 11.8 11.8 158 12.0 12.0 159 12.0 11.8 161 11.6 11.6
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Ambystoma macrodactylum Nov. 18. Valencia Canyon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Temp data continued # cl. temp 1/4 lt not marked 12.0 - collected 12.6 13-2 also seen as I walked the road: 5 Batrachops, 2 giv. Ensatina, many snails, many slugs, 7 millipedes, many Daddy-Long-legs, many earthworms, 5 Hyla regilla. Many Hyla heard singing in oak woods but only 5 seen. Almost all ♂♂ frogs showed a definite defense reaction. When first looked at they usually snapped looks to a ♂♂ snake. Some would attempt to run - which they can do well in short, wild bursts. Those which assumed ♀ shape, slowly wound tail (actually wove around along tail). While, sticky secretion poured out along lateral surfaces of tail. This frequently brought into contact with hand. This secretion is as thick as on Ensatina but is restricted here to sides of tail. Unable to get stuff off hands for 12-24 hours. All due ♂♂ I consider to be just approaching aquatic stage (for reproduction). They avoided puddles however. And when put in puddle left it immediately.
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J. D. Anderson 1957 Ambystoma m. croceum Dec. 5 Valencia lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 ad. ? marked + released 106 yds W. I. G. house. Cl. temp. 14.0°C. Time 5:45 pm. Slightly cloudy sky at dusk. Had rained in morning - more since 10 am. Road wet. #3 About 1/2 hour later sky cleared, stars + moon showing. 3 hrs. of road check drew complete blank. Dec. 15 Valencia lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 14 ad. marked + 5 taken for study. 9 ♂♂ + 6♀♀. All in fine breeding condition. No rain since early morning but one slight (10 min) + light shower at 9 pm + one heavy (10 min) shower at 10 pm. Walked road 4 + 1/4 km. 6 round trips to spring, 2 to Cedar home + 1 on hill road. Sky overcast, cloudy, very dark night. Not much better than Dec. 5. Difference must lie in sky condition. Dec. 19 1.5 mi. S. E. La Selva Beach, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 2 ad. ♂ taken in funnel trap in 4" of water. Trap set out at 4:30 pm, found A. m. croceum at 9:05 pm. Cl. temp 9.0 for both, water temp. 4" 9.0°C. Temp air 1/4" above with 6.0°C. Both ♂♂ in excellent breeding condition + we brought back for study. Interesting that they are in water already & I haven't been able to find them under logs etc.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Jan 9 Valencia lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left MVZ at 7:30 am with Dan Wilkoff. Drove via usual route. Arrived Rio del Mar at 10:00 am. Began working in oak woods. Found a fairly recent pit (dug for cess pool) near new home being erected. This pit (described under species account - a. macrodactylum for this date) formed an efficient amphibian trap. 9 Ambystoma, 5 Ensatina + 30 Hylo regilla were found in it. In addition there were 3 badly decomposed mice almost surely Peromyscus (4 probably three). We studied this trap for most of the morning. Made a thorough check of the pond area and found just 1 Ambystoma under a large flat stone. Still no water in pond or. I'm beginning to worry again. After lunch we drove over to La Selva area and checked the Ambystoma pond. Found fair number of fresh macrodactylum eggs but found no adults at all. Left here about 3 pm, drove to Edwards ranch to ask permission for night work in this area. Mrs. Edwards had a nice adult Taricha granulosa for us. She got it in her back yard. This is closest yet to the Ambystoma areas. We worked small stream near the Edwards place till 4:30 pm. Then ate supper and returned to Valencia at dark. 5:30 pm. Some clouds in sky during latter
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Jan 9 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif part of day. Sky overcast, humidity (this fog.) temp about 12°C. Walked wood in usual fashion looking for croceum, made three round trips to spring & garage. No salamanders. 7pm drove back to la delva area. Checked in water for adult - no luck. At 7:05 it began to rain heavily. Decided to try road driving - for Vanicha over near the Edwards place. 1 km with no herb. 7:30 pm we drove back past la delva pond. Got a large P tigrinum nearby. In next 35 min. we picked up 2 more live P tigrinum + 1 D O R ?. My suspicion confirmed at last. Left for home at 9 pm. Arrived home 11:30pm. Jan 23 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Left Berkeley at 5:30 pm in heavy rain. Rain all the way to Santa Cruz. Arrived Rio del Mar at 8pm. Decided to try driving the Elliott Rd for A. tigrinum during the heavy rain. Made 3 complete trips along length of the road but found nothing of interest. 9:15 pm took traps + net into Elliott pond which is rapidly filling. Set out 11 traps. Tried to check around for croceum activity but driving rain made it difficult to see into water. Saw large P tigrinum in 6" of water at 10:10. She got away. 10:15 pm saw + collected a large ? in 4" of water. Very easily
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Jan. 23 Valencia Lagoon Rio del Mar Santa Cruz Ca. Cal. taken. Tigrinum stand out strikingly in water. 10:30 pm made a good check along San Andreas Rd. Picked up 3 tigrinum in 25 min. Returned to Valencia lagoon & began a Bonita Rd. check at 11:15. Got 3 A.m. crocum between 11:45 & 1:15 am. Want to sleep at 2 am. After Jan 24. Breakfast next morning I checked the pit at Valencia, found 3 od 8/8 + 1 od & all in prime breeding condition. Those, like last mita crocum were marked & released. Checked a little in oak woods but found nothing else. Worked about pond area for a while. It is filling rapidly. Water is flowing in a wide, shallow but slow moving stream from the SE. wilow ↓ stream flow extent of pond
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J. D. Anderson 1958 Journal Jan 24. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Water was also draining in from the N. shore. It came thru a culvert under highway & entered pond area after main stream. Water moving in pond very turbulent + muddy. Appears to be the real thing this year. Found 90 salamanders. At 10:00 I returned to "Ellis" pond. Got 2 A. ligninum + 9 A. m. crocea in traps. All od 80 in prime breeding condition. 1 crocea escaped. Worked around here until 12 noon. Couldn't do much in driving rain. Returned to Valencia for an hour. Quite impossible to work so I had lunch + dried wetland items to get the road on captured animals. Off for a bit - returned to Ellis pond to check traps. Nothing this time. So at 2 pm. I left for home. Feb. 9 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left MVZ at 7 am & arrived Valencia at 9 am. Pond is full up. Water still flowing in + pond is now draining out W end into Valencia creek. Highway dept. has diverted inflow slightly to keep water off road. Only effect on lagoon is that water enters pond several yards N side N. Water is extremely muddy, impossible to see anything in water - even at shallow west end. Worked all around edges in attempt to locate eggs but had no luck. Eggs
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Feb. 9. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. may well be there but I couldn't see them with all the silt in the water. Finished this check about 10:30 pm. Sky overcast yet. Worked oak woods for about 1 hour but found nothing. Got 1 ♀ & 2 ♂ m. croceum in the pit (described in notes of Jan. 9). Looks like a spent ♀ may indicate breeding - dissection will tell. Drove over to Ellicott Pond at 11:30 am. Sun out now, sky partly cloudy. Water much clearer here. Pond at maximum size - about same as on Jan 24. Found Camptostoma eggs abundant along shallow edges. Hydra regilla eggs everywhere. Checked logs in Willow Stand but saw nothing but Hydra. Collected about 65 eggs in late severalfold - necrota stages. Saw no eggs which looked like A. trigenium. These may be in deeper water or hidden. Ate lunch at 12:30 & returned to Valencia at 1:15. Spent afternoon taking notes on pond + buying large tin cans for traps. Ate at 4:30 & returned to Valencia for evening road check. 5:30 pm Hydra regilla chown began - just before sunset. 1st road check - 6 - 6:15 pm - Car to look oak to garage. 13 Hydra regilla - Trap #2 - 1 Hydra 2nd road check - 6:20 - 7 pm - 3. A. m. croceum, 1 Hydra, 1 Batrachoseps - Traps = 0. 3rd check - 7:05 - 7:40 1 A. m. croceum; Trap #1 - 1 croceum.
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J. D. Anderson 1958 Journal Feb. 9 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 4th check - 8 - 8:30 pm. 1 A.M. croceum - my trap check. 5th check - 8:30-8:45 Nothing - checked water traps - 2 dead Hyla. 6th check - 8:50 - 9:15. Nothing - Humidity data 98% 5:30 pm - Skig Psychrometer - 13.0°C - 55°F. 97% 7:30 - 13°C - 56°F. Humidity paper - 5:30 - 7:45 - 16.5°C. #1 - at side Bonita Rd. - #2 - In woods (near trap) - Weather - no rain - but overcast & threatening. 1-10 min shower at 4:30 pm - not wetting at all. Left Valencia at 9:35 & drove home. Feb. 16 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Left MVZ at 7:30 am. Began work at Valencia about 10 am. Checked can traps - #1 had 3" of water in it. No amphibs in #1 - just one drowned fiv. F Nestor fascipes. #2 can was forced out of its hole by seepage of water. 1 ad. of croceum (#/66 now) was in can along with numerous leeches (Caridie) & earthworms. Worked pond next for eggs with little luck. Got about 6 eggs (see sp. account). The water is still very muddy & it is difficult to
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Feb. 16 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. see any distance into it. Eleocharis is beginning coming up in all shallow areas but especially at west end of pond. Hyla regilla eggs everywhere. Worked until 12:30 at this then stopped for lunch. Went around pond again carefully until 2:45 pm. Checked pit & found 3 ad. croceum (2♀♀ + 1♂) ♀♀ appear spent - no eggs visible - bellis flat. Drove over to Ellicott pond & worked it until 4:30. Got only 1 egg. Hyla eggs everywhere. Tadpoles swimming about. Saw many very recently hatched Ambystoma eggs - both tigrinum & croceum. Met Mr. Edwards & he asked for my address. They will clean up some wood piles around barn several hundred (200 yds) behind Ellicott pond. Gave him a gallon jar to keep any salamanders he gets. He is being very helpful. Ate supper between 4:45-5:30. Back at Valencia at 5:40. Hyla chorus began at 6 pm - barely dusk. Made 3 road checks but got no Ambystoma. Sky clear & starry. Has been a warm & clear day. Hyla were moving in some problem observed before - Heavy movements at dusk tapong's off to mothing within an hour. Humidity data - Sloan's Psychrometers. 6:15 pm - 12°C - 54°F - 98% RH 7:30 pm - 11°C - 53°F. 97% RH Left for home at 8pm. Heavy traffic - home at 11 pm.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal March 3 Valencia Fagoon & Elliott, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Albany 7 am & drove to Valencia Fagoon. Worked SW & W end of pond with dip net all morning. Got no larvae at all but found several eggs of A - m. croceum. There were just hatching; one larva escaping from jelly as I handled egg. Probably explains why I got no larvae. Hatching are tiny & very hard to net. After lunch worked the Elliott Pond & got 10 larvae - between 20 - 35 mm. Total lengths - see species account. In both ponds invertebrates are "blooming" in fantastic numbers. Ostracode made water almost soupy. Fairy shrimp - Eubranchopus abundant at Valencia. Snails & small clam ( Pisidium ?) also abundant. Hyla tadpoles in great numbers also. At Valencia the Elloborus is coming up fast at margins of pond. Water still muddy most places but clearing at shallow edges. Water temp at edge of Valencia - 12.0°C at 11 am. Time & site of eggs. Worked oak woods turning logs until 4:30 pm. Then took family to supper & home.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal March 18 Valencia Sagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Left Albany 7:30 am. Stopped at Natural Bridges State Park (in Santa Cruz) to have a look at several ponds N. of the city proper. Spoke to Mr. Stanley, a ranger. He does not recollect seeing salamanders in his two years at Bell Bridge. The pond in park is small (1/2 Valencia at most) & is temporary. Red Gum Eucalyptus on hill sides all around, Willows at pond level & along stream inlet & outlet. Saw several hydra tadpoles but little else in 30 minutes work with dip net. Yet it is still a good possibility & I will keep track of it. Another larger pond 1/2 mi. E of Park is permanent. It's deep & steep sided - may have some Ambystoma but somehow it doesn't look right to me. Drove from here down to V. Valencia. Ate lunch & then began search for larvae at 12:30 pm. Worked upper end of pond all afternoon - 12:30 - 4 pm. Got only 4 larvae (3 + 1 egg). The larvae are small of 10-15 mm, the egg roots to hatch. It may be that the young larvae stay in thick growths & Eleocharis until reaching decent size. Set out 12 traps for larvae at 4 pm. Checked at dusk 6 - 6:30 pm. No luck on Ambystoma - Got 12 hydra tadpoles. Began food check at 7pm (P.S.T.). Air temp 10° C R. Humidity 88% (9-50) - Sling Psychrometer.
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J.D Anderson 1958 Journal March 18 Valencia Lagoor, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. First check to Oak & Rock 7:00 - 7:15 pm (PST) No Amblystoma, 17 Hyla. Sky dark, very clear, stars bright - no moon. Checked Hill road to above end of Lagoor area - 1 Hyla, 0 Amblystoma 7:15-7:40. 2nd check 7:40-8 pm (PST): 0 Amblystoma, 7 Hyla.. 3rd check 8:05- 8:25. 0 Amblystoma, 5 Hyla. Hyla chorus in Lagoor begun at 6:30 pm & is much stronger now - probably reinforced by newcomers. Several Hyla moving away from pond area appear to be spent females. Just 2 checks of saw first smile - total of 7 - all seem to be Helminthoglypta. Saw only 1 millipedeall evening. 9 pm - air temp 3 ft 6.8°C, 1/4" - 6.00°C soil temp - 9.0°C. Omitted - 11:30 am I checked the large tin can buried in oak woods. It has about 2 1/2" water in it from recent rainfall. 1 dead Rana borex trowbridgi on bottom. Must have fallen in during or just after the rains of the last weekend March 15+16. Still in good condition - no perceptible odor. Picked it in 10% formalin. March 19 Valencia Lagoor, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Woke up at 5 am - Hyla chorus still going strong, begun to taper off about 6 (down).
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal March 19 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Checked water traps at 8 am. No Ambystoma - about 15 Hyla tadpoles & assorted minutebrates. Drove over to Ellicott Area. Pond slightly larger + much much clearer than Valencia. Went over to check with Mr. Edwards + get permission to work the area. He gave me 1 Ancilla lugubris, spoke of "water dogs" in a fish pond on his property. Checked this pond - got 1 adult >> Taricha granulosa. Pond is fed by a spring + is permanent, roughly circular + 25 yds in diameter. Watercress abundant all along edge. After this Mr. Edwards accompanied me over to Ellicott Pond. He remembered seeing a black + yellow salamander under a woodpile just SE of pond among the willows. He + I moved (log by log) several large woodpiles. Found 2 od. A m. crepusculum under logs at bottom of woodpile (see sp. account). Worked at this until 2 pm. Mr. Edwards is very sympathetic to my work + has been very helpful. He tells of ploughing up Ambystoma tigrinum on the ridge just E. of Ellicott Pond. He describes them as very large, black with whitish round spots along the sides. Ate lunch at 2; then began dip netting for larvae in Ellicott Pond. Got 17 larvae in 2 hours. Apparently both!
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F.L. Gundersen 1958 Journal March 19 Valencia Fagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. croccean + viginium. Till larvae taken in water traps from 10-21" deep & where there are growing shoots of Elbocharis at 4:30 pm I drove back to Valencia to check & take in the water traps. No Amblystoma again!! They are so small that they are not yet actively wandering about (in my opinion). Left Valencia at 5:15 pm. Ate supper at Red Door & drove home. March 21 Valencia Fagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Heavy rain last night (March 20) & heavy shower 21st in Bay Area so I left for Valencia 3 pm. Arrived at fagoon 6 pm after stop for supper. Hyla chorus just getting underway. Rain light but steady now. Made 1 good check at dark - skys still light. 6:15-6:30 saw nothing at all. Next check 6:45-7:05 sky almost dark, rain letting up. Saw 39 Hyla + 00 Amblystoma. Check Checkers tabulated below. 1st - 6:15-6:30 Bonita - Nothing - still light 2nd 6:45-7:05 " 39 Hyla sky sl. light 3rd 7:05-7:20 " 16 Hyla sky dark. Rain stop -> 4th 7:20-7:50 Hill Nothing - dark 5th 8-8:15 Bonita 19 Ame. 5 Hyla. 6th 8:35-8:50 " 7 Hyla Rain -> 7th 8:55-9:20 Hill Nothing 8th 9:20-9:40 Bonita 4 Hyla, 1 jnr. Ensatina
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J. D. Anderson 1958. Journal March 21 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 9th - 9:45-10 - In woods - 1♀ Encatniae 10th 10:10-10:25 - Bonts 4 Hylas Rain light until 7:15, then stopped until 9:15. Rained heavily until 9:50, then stopped. Sky began to clear. Could see stars. Since nothing much doing I left at about 10:35. Interesting that the one Cambrystone was a gravid & facing the pond. No other morrises. I suspect that she is about the last struggle. Most other O'JY's & ? have bred & left the pond already. Spent approx. 30 min. prowling in woods with lantern. Saw only 1 gravid♀ Encatniae. Should try this again, it was a good strong head lamp. Heard ? Horned owls talking tonight for first time this spring. April 11 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Albany 7:30 am. Planning to stay over at Rio del Mar if floods haven't caused too much damage. Arrived Valencia at 12 am. Turned into Bonta Rd. & sunk down several feet into a mud slide just a few yards off the paved road. Worked for half an hour but couldn't get out. Finally pulled out by Water Co. truck. Drove around to E. entrance but couldn't get far that way either. Run off has cut deep gullies with
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ground April 11 Valencia Fagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. road. several large puddled (ponds?) with 10-12" of silt or bottom blocks the way also. Several trees across Rd. didn't help either. Finally left car on solid section of road & waddled with nets etc. to pond for work. Pond is not greatly enlarged after heavy rains. W end is more extensive. Barbarea area flooded - but shallow. Worked along S edge - some spot where early notes on eggs were recorded. Caught 16. Croceum larvae in 1 1/2 hour dip netting - working from small willow to S W most corner of pond (see sp account A.m. croceum). Ate lunch at 12:45. This time included measuring each larva, recording a water temp & writing notes on habitat. Drove over to the Edwards ranch to see if they had any salamanders for me & get permission to collect at Ellicott Pond. They had been away & had no cutters for me. Worked Ellicott pond at NW edge for about 1-2 hours. Got both tigrinum & A.m. croceum larvae for food study, collecting sample of food items at same time. Then worked a small, temporary pond - flooded field along San Antonio Rd. about 1/2 mile towards Fairdeban Road from Ellicott Pond. Got 2 larvae - apparently tigrinum. Croceum may use them too late
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal April 11 - Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. it is a very ephemeral thing & may not give them enough time. Lots of Hyla tadpoles in it. At 4:30 pm I drove back to Valencia to got some soil for experiments at school. Decided not to stay over since water is high & muddy - bad enough to hinder easy trapping. Whole area is so wet that there is no place close to camp - so left for home about 6 pm. April 26. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Albany 7:20 am. Arrived Valencia at 9:30 am. Checked bunch of oak woods, drying out very rapidly. Searched pond for larvae between 10:15 am and 12:15 pm. Netted 15 which were measured and released. Distribution has shifted slightly due to a slight lowering of water level and extensive growth & spread of Eleocharis. Just before entering pond at 10:15 I saw a Thamnophia 10 yds from edge in some brush but was unable to catch it. Saw another cruising thru Eleocharis; & was not able to get it either. On way back to car at 12:15 I found a freshly killed Thamnophi on Bonita Rd. Was not there at 10:15. Preserved the snake. Ate lunch between 12:30 & 1:00 pm, set out 12 funnel traps for larvae between 1-1:30 pm. Drove over to Ellicott Pond & began collecting tigrinum & crucium larvae for food study.
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G.D Anderson 1958 Journal. April 26 Valencia Lago, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Had much more trouble than usual getting sample. Perhaps because I was using smaller dip net. Took 3 hrs. to get 5 trigenium + 4 cucum. The trigenium are really big now. Drove back to Valencia to check traps at 5:30. No salamanders. Checked traps again at 9:30 and got 1 larval A.m.cucum. April 27 Slept in car. Up at 6. Checked traps at 6:30 and found an additional cucum larvae. Worked oak woods looking for adults with no success. Then drove towards Watsonville along both roads hoping to find a new locality or find Taniichu localities. Drew blank on both. Returned to Valencia at 1:30 to check and pick up traps, got complete larvae. Do the traps do work. Left for home about 1:45 - arrived along ca 4:00 pm. May 11 Valencia Lago, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Left along 7:45 am, arrived Valencia 9:45 am. The pond has not shrunk much in extent but has decreased slightly in depth all over. Vegetation is expanding in pond area. At W end of pond Eleocharis forms almost solid stand in shallow water. Potog is in full leaf + extension. Worked with dip net for 2 1/4 hrs, 10:15 - 12:15 and got only 4 larvae. These taken from some area sampled previously. Worked entire W half of pond and got only these 4. Most trouble I've
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Journal May 11 Valencia Jaguar Rio del Mar Santa Cruz, Calif. never had. Possible factors (1) more extensive Elodea, providing cover impeding dip net; (2) feeding water - makes more shallow areas available, thus spreading larvae; (3) Overcast day. I think 1 + 2 are responsible - see D. Conchostraca still may abound. Ate lunch 12:30-1:30. Drove to Elliott pond. Worked NW corner pond & got 5 tigrinum + 2 croceum larvae in 18-24" water. There in extensive stand of Elodea - not thick clumps but where it cover wide area with swimmer's space. Got there in 1 hour. Took food samples also. Then worked SW corner near wood willow stand. Got 3 croceum + 4 tigrinum larvae in shallow water here (depths 4-7"). Far more abundant than anywhere else. Took those 7 in 20 minutes of dip netting. Tadpoles very abundant. / Large Belostoma, a possible predator taken here also. Both medium + large tigrinum taken. Collected water sample for pH determination, also took tadpoles & other animals for feeding cortine larvae. Drove back to Valencia & got water sample there. Left for home at 6 pm. Ran into heavy Sunday traffic in Santa Cruz Mtns. Took 2 3/4 hrs. Note - Bourpate shells feeding on tadpoles in Elliott pond.
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F. D. Anderson 1958 Journal May 17 Valencia Lagoon + other localities, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Albany at 8 am. Arrived Valencia 10:15 am. Began larval survey at 11 am. Worked with dip net from East end of pond working mostly along side. Got some larvae in central area of pond near the large stands of cattail. Measurements (Total length) of 12:68,61,80,73,81,81,70,65,58,56,61,51 X=67.08 (51-81). Pond level has dropped considerably. With still extensive boat overall depth is not so great. Entire SW end is shallower - nowhere over 2 ft. Deepest area is clear area just in front of central willow stand. Larvae are exceedingly difficult to catch. Previously they could be taken at margin where water was shallowest. Most margins are now too shallow & larvae have great shallow areas to choose from. Several taken in 12-15" of water under surface mat formed by floating leaves of P. stomozetum. Finished survey at 1 pm. Ate lunch then set out funnel traps (12) in grid within the same P. stomozetum area - finished at 2 pm. Drove over to Elliott Pond to collect larvae for food study. Worked fringes along willow clumps & N end near strawberry patcher between 2-4 pm. Got 5 croceum + 6 tigrinum, all in fairly shallow water. May have drove down to Sunset Beach State Park to check on pond there. Lots of people about. Pond still deep + shallow areas thick with
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal May 17 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. plants. Work was too difficult to work so I didn't waste the time. Back to Valencia to check traps at 5 pm. No salamanders. After supper I worked Valencia run again. Checked traps at 8 pm (down) - again no salamanders. Early to bed. Up at 5:30 am. Checked 3 traps at 6:00 am (down) - no salamanders. Then took off for a check of several ponds in the region south & east of here. 1st stop at Arromas, Monterey Co. Last year (1956) got T. granulosa here but was unable to return today. Then drove south of Watsonville to check on pond along Elkhorn Road. Big thing but well an impenetrable wall of Cattails about it. Deep water in center - no chance for dip netting. Drove N again to Rio del Mar & took the road to Corralitos. The large Corralitos Lagoon has already been drained & planted. Local people say this has been done ever since they remember so if Ambystoma ever used it they were probably eleminated years ago. Checked another pond near Corralitos. This had been given same treatment as Corralitos Lagoon until recently but is now allowed to remain as a pond. Does not look promising as a pond despite beautiful oak woods East of pond area. Should be worth a round check during the rainy season next year.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal May 18 Valencia Lagoor, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Next drove over to a small shallow pond near the large Ellicott pond (along San Andres Road). See sp. accounts for full locality. Found A. tigrinum larvae extremely abundant. The N part of pond has shrunk to 1/3 original size. Larvae are being crowded. Tried to measure density (see sp. accounts). Worked here + Ellicott pond until 3:30 pm. Then returned to Valencia to pick up traps. Then home at 4 pm. Back in Delbong at 6:30 pm. Notes on Aroma pond, Monterey Co., Calif. Visited this pond between 7-8:30 am. Tanicha granulosa has been here too. Thought it better to check for Ambystoma. Pond is small - between 65+75 yds long + 30 yds wide at widest point. Long axis runs E-W. Relatively flat on south side where there is a thick border of willow which extend around on the east side. A steep grassy slope with scattered Baccharis forms S. A very thin fringe of Elderberry borders the pond except where Willows extend into water. There is a much steeper depth gradient here than at either Ellicott or Valencia. Bottom softer, water is darker. Potamoglena abundant + cover almost entire surface. Difficult snail - steep species + a large bicture clam.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 journal May 22 Valencia Sagor, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Rain fell most of day today in Berkeley - often in very heavy showers. Undecided about going when it cleared at 5 pm. But at 6 pm came another heavy rain so I left at 6:20 pm (PDT). Arrived Valencia at 8:30 pm (PDT). Still quite light in open spots - dark enough to need floodlite in woods. Walked along road cut of hill road to check on moisture + possible emergence of salamanders from the many crevices, burrows + root network along the road cut. Saw 4 Batrachoseps attenuatus moving about on the damp soil. All exposed soil was damp - just enough to be darker in color. No film of water - soil would not pack into a ball. Saw 1 large banana slug + 1 Helminthoglypta but nothing else. At 9 pm began regular road checks along Bonta road from parking area to least large oak tree + up on the hill road. 1st 9:00 - 9:25 (PDT). - 10 Batrachoseps, 1 adult Hyla regilla, 5 Helminthoglypta and hundreds of this, newly transformed Hyla. 2nd 9:30 - 9:50 - 1 subad. Ensatina, 3 Batrachoseps, 4 Helminthoglypta, 1 large snail, 1 millipede. Temp '1/4" 20.8°C; Soil temp 17.0°C. 2nd - 9:55 - 10:25 - Hill Road 3 subad. Ensatina, 2 millipedes, 3 Helminthoglypta. Heard 3 different D' Horned Owls: [illegible]
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal May 22 - Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 4th check - 10:25 - 11:05 - Bomba Rd. 1 subod Ensatina, 1 ad & Ensatina, #Flo 4 Helminthoglypta, 2 large snails. Temp '1/4" - 19.4°C; soil 18.0°C. RH - slim's psychrometer - This was last check here. Pool grids met. Cell depressions & holes are full of water much as they are after first heavy fall rains. But no Ambystoma. Plethodontids made some response but apparently motion short of floods will bring the museum out. Worked the old wood for 1/2 hour, using both Coleman lantern & large flashlight. Saw no salamander. In all above road checks & wood check - young Hylox were everywhere under foot. Drove out to the new tiger locality - 8 1/2 mi. mile N.W. of Elliott. Checked for transmont's A. tigrinum but saw none. Water looks about same as it did on May 18. But rain may have contributed some to that. Left for home at 12 midnight - arrived home 1:45 am (PDT.).
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal May 25 Albany to Calaveras Co., Calif Left Albany at 4:30 am to check Jervian macrodactylum localities. Drove E. on U.S. 50 to Stockton & then switched onto State Route #4. This road, though rough in spots & narrow, has little traffic & makes best approach to the Elbert Pass localities. Checked several streams in Foxville (1500 - 2500 ft) for Tanicha but had no luck. Arrived at Camp Cornell just east of Calaveras Big Trees (actually near Donington) at 9:00 pm. Found snow gates across road at this point which made travel to the Ambystoma locality at Big Meadow impossible. Local residents say that there is still snow pack in Big Meadow area (drifts to six feet ?). So macrodactylum may not have become active as yet. I was sorely disappointed by this. Worked a little at 5000'ft and found there was still frost under many logs here. Saw 1 Tenbostonin but did not get it. Worked at a pond near Arnold hoping to get macrodactylum. This is really an artificial pond don't I care in surface area. An earth dam at West end is relatively new. I remember this spot as a weedy meadow. Saw tadpoles mostly Bufo in shallow areas (elev. ?). Got 1 garter snake (T. ), next drove down to a reservoir near Murphy.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal May 25 Albany to Calaveras Co., Calif. Got another gartersnake (T. s. couchii). This body of water is deep + steep sided and obviously artificial. Many fish & fishermen seen. No sign of salamanders. Worked in Oak - maple riparian above reservoir but found nothing. Worked slowly back thru Murphys, San Andreas, Sonora & Stockton. Checked several stock ponds in foothills but got nothing. All natural ponds are apparently dry at lower (below 2000 ft) elevation. The bigger pine belt doesn't look like Ambyzostoma Country. Roller's hills with storms not favorable. It is christianally like the valley - hot + dry. This belt probably separates A. macrodactylum and A. trigenium. However at high water, as now, such streams as Calaveras & Stanislaus may bring Ambystoma macrodactylum down from higher elevations. After reaching Stockton & drove home on freeways. Arrived Albany at 4:45 pm very tired & disappointed.
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J. D. Anderson 1958 Journal May 31 Valancia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz, Calif. Left Berkeley at 8 am with Dot Wilcoft. Arrived Valencia 10 am (PST). Began dip net work at 10:15. Dot worked shallow water & I worked deeper places. In 2 hours of netting I got only 3 croceum larvae - all taken in 13-15" of water in extremely thick patches of Polygonum (type C floating leaves). Dot got nothing but tadpoles. Larvae are harder than ever to catch - seem to be more & more attracted to thickets - but always where there is water for swimming. Ate lunch 12:45-1:30 then I drove over to Ellicott Pond - leaving Dot on beach. Worked Ellicott for 2 hours - got only 1 croceum but picked up 3 tigrinum . The shallow areas near willow clump are not so productive now - possibly due to temp factor since they are more shallow & heat faster. Saw 1 might heron, 2 coot & 2 mallards (a pair) here. No geese or wood's brio as previously. Drove back to beach at 4 pm to get Dot then we went to Tiger Pond -3/4 mi. nw Ellicott. Found the area washed 18-May to be completely dry now. Remains of pond has a little water - 2"-4" deep. 4" max. and not much of that. No salamanders yet. Temp water 78.5°C at 5 pm. Temp could be limiting. Made a very thorough search of child area & surrounding but found no trace of tiger salamander.
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Found May 31 Valencia Lagoons Pio del Mar, Santa Cruz G., Calif. Decided to dig in former pond area + surroundings to see if the newly metamorphosed tigerlions had come in for the summer. Dug in all mound burrows at pond side - found nothing. At pond site water was struck at 6" - hole filled up. But got no salamanders. Found several aquatic beetles in deep areas - most secured in mud balls, with a chamber smoothed out around them. Chunks about 1 1/2 - 2 times body size. They probably go over summer in there. Salamanders apparently don't. A search of grassy margins of dried pond produced 2 dried (mummified) tigerlions. These apparently did not make it. These were the only dead Amphibians found either at margin or in dried (still moist) bottom itself. The mud of former pond was ric - crossed with many Raccoon foot prints. One large 'coon could eat a lot of young Ambystoma. Left here at 5:30. Had supper at Red Door Inn. Returned to Valencia + started more dip netting at 6:45. Got 2 more larvae by 7:30 then called it quits. Traffic heavy on way home.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 6 Berkeley to Modoc Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 12:30 pm. Drove out US 40 to Woodland turnoff then into US 99 W. Followed 99W north to Redding's. 5pm Held up 15 min for good work. Ate supper in Redding then took 99 NE towards Canby. A very good road. Drove thru Biggs Pine-Blue Oak belt for quite a while. Soon after climbing we hit Yellow Pine, Incense Cedar & Doug. Fir. Juniper & sage came in soon to make a rather strange mixture of plant types. Stopped for the night just below (W.) Hatchet Summit. Actual locality 7mi. W. Burney, 4200ft., Shasta Co., Calif. Got 2 Amblystoma macrodactylum & 2 Rhenconotus croceolures dry turning logs & bark. After dark I hunted for frogs & salamanders with no luck. Light showers throughout evening. War'd & red hunted owls with no luck. Did not hear any. At 10 pm a loud chorus of Coyotes sounded off on ridges all around. Want to bed with that sound in our ears. June 7. Burney to 10 mi. W. Canby, Modoc Co., Calif. Up at 5:30 am. Drove over Hatchet summit and had breakfast in Burney. The country from Burney to Canby is diverse. Many open plots of Juniper & Artemisia, interspersed between mixed Yellow Pine-Juniper forest. Lots of water in all meadows. Bill River is way high. Stopped in Canby for gas. Saw local Forest Rangers. They told us that the old campsite at Hoehnne was non-existent & directed us to a new camp at Cottonwood. Ranger said that they have seen
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 7 10 mi. W. Canby, 5500 [illegible], Modoc Co., Calif. salamanders in pools (permanent??) near the cottonwood camp. Took us awhile to get into this camp since several roads were out and other roads had changed position since the map was printed. Got in & settled by 12 noon. After lunch I walked south out of White Camp through yellow pine, Incense Cedar, [illegible] Fir & juniper forest. Saw several Sceloporus occidentalis but didn't collect any. Road leading to Happy Camp lookout, about 1 mi. up road I took off up a S facing, open slope. Juniper & sagebrush main vegetation. Got 1 Sceloporus occidentalis & greenery saw 2 Uta stansburiana.. Flowers in bloom yet & things as quite green. Wychelia, Indian Paintbrush & Buttercups very common. Worked back towards camp following a small stream hoping to find Amblystoma or Amblystoma breeding ponds. Drew [illegible] on both. Saw no frogs at all along stream. Surprised at [illegible] absence of frogs. Many logs & fallen trees in country - should produce some snakes. Some hillside with [illegible] volcanic rocks - blooming - look good for Hypsiglena. Got a Myctoph evotis under an exfoliating piece of lava. Note omitted: While driving into Cottonwood Camp from Canby-Klamath Falls road we saw several Antelope. 1 Breech seen at McKay Flat, 2 Does & 3 young seen about '1/2 mi. E. McKay flat. They were all out in open sagebrush bordered by
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J. B. Anderson 1958 Journal June 7 10 mi. W. Canby, 5500 ft., Modoc Co., Calif. Yellow Pine - Juniper forest. Got excellent look at Dee-young group thru binoculars. Further along in another flat we saw two deer. June 8. Up at 5:30. Out of camp on walk by 6:45. Walked NW out of camp towards Craig Springs. Still cold & overcast. Clouds building up ever since dawn. Forest to NW of Cottonwood flats is much like rest of area, Yellow Pine dominant, lots of Incense Cedar, some [illegible]. Fir. Juniper very abundant in some places - on flats, clearings & along meadows. Wherever forest opens up sagebrush is present. Wyethia mollis most common flowering plant most places. Castella common especially between sage plants. Buttercups everywhere. Montia grows in small pine groups. The whole area has been logged over so the trees are small mostly. Some large Yellow Pines. Fallen, dead trees, large branches, piles of logs & woodpiles common - provides good cover for lizards. Walked 3 1/2 miles to Craig Springs collecting on way. Very little lizard activity since it's quite cool 12-15° C. except then for rare occasions when sun came out. Light shower fell throughout morning. Made one side trip off into a large, wet meadow bordered by aspens, star juniper & bridle pine forest. Got only 1 Sceloporus occidentalis & that from under a rock. Further along the main road I got 1 Eumeces stilsonii
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 8 Cottonwood Flat, 10 mi. W. Canby, 5500 ft., Modoc Co., Calif. from under look of a dead yellow pine. Worked Craig Springs area for Ambystoma. Will need to come back for some dip net work to be sure there are no Ambystoma larvae in pond before writing this area off. Country looks fine for those salamanders, lots of conifers, good cover & still plenty of moisture. However the ponds are mostly artificial now & there is no way of knowing whether these were ever suitable breeding areas here. All the meadows I have examined thus far are just soggy dryas with no good standing water. Only places I have seen frog tadpoles are in slow moving streams and small artificial ponds - not in meadows. Tomorrow may well tell whether or not this will be successful for salamanders. Left Craig Springs at 11 am & walked back to camp by 12:15 pm. Disappointing morning for hops. Too cool - saw snakes at all. Preserved specimens & put up bait after lunch. Then walked north out of camp following small stream to an aspen grove where I'd heard Hyla regilla. Unable to contact Hyla. Got 3 S. occidentalis, including gravid & ovoviviparous. Found a young Pteromys at edge of aspens. Kept him for a couple of hours for picture. Back to camp for supper. Birds seen so far vicinity of Cottonwood Flat:
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June 8 Cottonwood Flat, Tomi-W. Canby, 5500 ft., Modoc Co., Calif Robin Flicker Horned Owl Red-wing Wright Flycatcher Chipping Sparrow m. Dove White-headed W-pecker Creeper Or. junco Sapsucker (hybrid?) Red Br. Nuthatch Scrub Jay Chickadee mtn. Thrush Wilson Snipe. Mockingbird Red-tail Hawk. Just before supper Ward shot a gray squirrel right in camp. This should be either a range extension or right on edge of range. Cottonwood Flat takes its name from few large, old cottonwood trees along the stream bed here. The camp is situated on a flat bench (Mesa?). Stream runs thru about [illegible] S to N. Two low ridge parallel to stream with forest as described for most of this area. West end of flat is a grove of small (cb 50 ft) yellow pine. Another low ridge runs SW - NE about 150 yds E of camp. This is mostly yellow pine with Incense Cedar + some juniper. The flat itself a soggy meadow lies between + extends about 1/2 mile to N.E.. Stream is at N side of flat. After dark (actually at dusk) I walked NNE from camp following the stream back towards the open grone visited earlier today. Heard several Hyla regilla + collected five. Back to Camp at 10 pm. Met Ward + Ned then went hunting 7 illuminated Owb. Walked NW out of camp + had on our answer Warner call almost immediately. It gave 2 calls + then shut up. About 100 yds down wood the
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 8 10mi. W. Carby, 5500 ft., Modoc Co., Calif. Procedure was repeated, this owl gave 3 calls then became silent. Got 2 or 3 more replies of 1 call each. None gave us a chance for a shot or an eyeshine - so no specimens. Back to camp at 12 midnite+ then to bed. Got rained on heavily during early morning hours. Still raining at dawn. June 9 Up at 6. Still raining so breakfast, cleanup etc was confused + slowed down. Out of camp at 7:45 am. Walked SE towards Yellowjacket Spring thru forest which is much same as everywhere else here - little more open, probably result of more recent logging. Not raining but overcast + cold - 130 C. Turned logs all morning + got just 1 Sceloporus occidentalis. Shot a chipmunk with .22 pistol at Yellowjocket Spring. Returned to camp at noon. After lunch pickled specimens collected last night + put up chipmunk. Raining hard from 12-2 pm. At 3:30 pm I walked NW from camp to a small canyon running due west. Worked in it for 1 1/2 hours. Got 1 Eumeces skiltonianus on a moist north-facing slope. Like all lizards taken so far it was cold + inactive - easy to catch. Another unprofitable "harp." day. Most of day spent hunting for Ambystoma localities but no avail. After supper I tried to locate Bufo boreas - like calls coming from far end of meadow near camp - no luck. Word thinks that this voice could be a Wilson Snipe. Will try again tomorrow. At 10 pm Ward, Red + I went hunting Flammeolated Owls. Worked the
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 9 10 mi. W. Carby, 5500 ft., Modoc Co., Calif. area N.W. of camp. Good habitat, lot of tall yellow pine & incense cedar with many young trees coming up. Got 1 Zalommoled at 11:00 pm and heard another soon after. Did not collect as since it talked for only a short while & then moved on. Also heard 1 how - what owl & several Horned owls. Returned to camp at 12:15 am soon after hearing what we suspected were Flying squirrels. Will try trapping some tomorrow. During the night some rodent came into the tent & chewed the sawhile laces off one of Ned's boots & chewed clean thru the tongue of the other. Could be those squirrels again. June 10 Up at 5:30 am. A bright morning for one. After breakfast I drove N.W. out of camp in the truck to check Mud Jake for Amblyptoma. About 5 miles out of camp the road became too slick with mud to drive any faster. After wrestling with the chain I was able to back the truck to a decent surface & return to camp. After this it was 10 am before I got to do any collecting. Sun still shining, sky clear, for warmer than any day then for. Worked Pine Ridge & East of camp. Got 1 Cnemidophorus shiltonicus - almost immediate - under bark again & in timber which they seem to prefer. Got several Sceloporus occidentalis in here. 1 Hyla regilla hopping thru the pine forest. Saw Red-tail with a fledgling. Returned to camp at noon. I pm took off S.W. & then up a canyon which leads to Happy
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J. D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 10 10 mi. W. Canby, 5500 ft., Modoc Co., Calif. Camp forked. Small stream runs thru narrow canyon 50 yds wide. Heavy pine forest with considerable white fir on N facing slope. S facing slope open mainly sagebrush and scattered junipers. Pine forest in spots on top of ridge but many openings with sagebrush + juniper! Top of ridge is where I got S. graciosa & S. occident. together on June 7. Walked along open slope about 100 yds from bottom. Warm + sunny. Got 2 Coluber constrictor in short order. S. occidentals everywhere on slope - no S. graciosa. They may be restricted to ridge tops in good sagebrush. Returned to camp at 3:45 pm. Preserved all material before dinner. Began raining heavily at 5:45 pm. A good thundershow which lasted until 6:30 pm. At 9:50 we left camp for an owl hunt. Walked up the road past Cedar Springs + on towards Happy Camp. Got a Flamulated Owl in the canyon bottom where timber is heavy (see Sp. Occ.) Many Horned Owls flocking along the canyon. Ward Russell shot a large Owl. One other Flamulated answered words call but it became quiet shortly & did not give us a shot. Returned to camp at 11 pm. Found a wood bat in one of the skeleton tops Ward had set near the tent. Went back out Owl hunting for two more hours but had no luck. June 11. Up at 5:30 am. Broke camp + out on road by 8:30 am. Road to Canby was very muddy & slick
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 11 Caribou, Modoc Co. to Burney, Shasta Co., Calif. Probably would not have made it without the chains. Met road crew from forest service who would not attempt to go uphill. Passed up at Caribou & chose west on Rt 299. Road runs thru Yellow Pine forest for a few miles out of Caribou and then drops down to Sagebrush flats near Aldin. Just out of Mulino it goes over another ridge with good Heavy Pine - Fir forest & drops to another smaller Sagebrush flat. North of McClellan it again goes into Pine - fir which blends into Digger - Pine - Blue Oak for awhile. Fast of real Juniper Sage-brush country fades out between crossedout Fall River Mills & Burney. Ate lunch in Burney then tried to find a suitable camp near Lake Britton but found it unsuitable. Country too open not much timber and quite dry. The lake, though large, does not look good for Ambystoma. Returned to Burney & thence west on 299 to our first campsite Transcribed: Burney, 4300 ft., Shasta county, Calif. This locality is just west of Hatchet Summit (.5 mi. W on spedometer). Set up camp here in tall Yellow Pine, Incense Cedar, Douglas-Fir forest. Quite close to Rt. 299. After getting camp organized I walked east towards the summit turning logs & boards. Worked for 2 hours but found nothing. A small stream runs E to W from Summit & drains into a larger stream which in turn runs thru a boggy meadow on the south side of Rt 299. Most of my afternoon was
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 11 7 mi. W. Burney, 4300 ft., Shasta Co., Calif. spent along this creek looking for suitable breeding sites for Ambystoma. Found nothing at all. The meadow has no real standing water + I doubt that Ambystomas can breed in the path shallow fast moving stream. People at the Highway maintenance station at Hatchet Summit do not recall ever seeing a salamander in this area. They are here, of course but may not breed close by. Just before returning to camp I broke open a rotted log + found a microtine rodent - possibly Clethrionomys. The wood was rotten so as to lie soft as humus. The mouse had a runway system built through the wood. After supper in rained hard + heavy. Spent the evening skinning the mouse + the owl from previous night want to call about 11:15 in a very heavy rainstorm. June 12 7 mi. W. Burney, 4300 ft., Shasta Co., Calif. Up at 6 am. Everything dripping wet from last nights rainfall. After breakfast + walked across highway + then S W down a narrow canyon with an intermittent stream. Canyon begins at W end of the meadow mentioned above. Canyon soon runs E.W + stream becomes permanent. Heavy timber in bottom + low slope - almost entirely large Douglas Firs - quite like similar situations in Coastal Calif. Saw several
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G. D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 12 7mi.w. Barney, 4300 ft. Shasta Co. Calif. Varied Thrushes which strengthened the impression. However much work in bottom produced no amphibians or reptiles. Lots of maple scattered thru canyon. Yellow Pine & Juniper Cedar common on higher glades. On way back from canyon & chose to the beginning of Jkt & collected 3 Ensatina eschscholtzi. These taken under slab of bark lying on ground. A forein's slope (see sp. acc.). Back to camp for lunch, then went N out of camp & up to top of heavily timbered slopes. Followed all stream in area hoping to get to some sort of pond but I was unsuccessful. Spent most of afternoon doing this & turning logs. Got just 1 Yerbonater & that's all !! After supper me (Ward, not I) drove towards Barney & stopped in the oak belt 2/3 way down East slope. Ward tried Screech Owl calls & got 1 specimen. Spent rest of night hunting Spotted Owls & Flammulated owls near Hatchet Summit with no luck. Got one answer which may have been a Spotted Owl. Back to camp arrived by 1am. June 13 Barney to Berkeley Calif. Up at 5 am broke camp & on road by 7am. Arrived in Berkeley at about 1 pm :t 15 min.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 20 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Left Allany at 5:45 am + arrived at Rio del Mar at 7:30 am. The dirt roads skirting the lagoon + the oak woods have been fixed after the long drying out period following heavy damage this winter. Personally I wish they wouldn't touch them. Road around pond (Bayite Dr.) was not bothered much - some holes filled. The road into the hill area was worked on by a grader + widened a little although they seem not to have cut any trees. Some brush which had accumulated was pushed aside but no major disturbance. The pond has shrunk considerably since 31-May. Main area of water restricted to immediately in front of large willow to edge of forest (Forest) Ernest willow clumps - see map. Pattern of recession essentially as in 1956. Began dip net work for larval sample at 8:15 am. Got 5 large larvae by 9:10. Returned to car to transfer these to gallon jars. Worked again with net between 9:30-10:30 am. Got only 3 more larvae; making 8 in 110 min. Tadpoles are way down in number. Newly metamorphosed (Hyla) are everywhere around edges. Every leaf + grass blade seems to have its tiny tree frog. Saw 3 or 4 newly metamorphosed Rana aurora, also caught several in dip net with 4 legs + partly absorbed tail. Still quite a few aurora tadpoles which have no legs. Belastmatite extremely abundant. Most are
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 20 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Nymphs of Belostoma but very large. Fewer all being large adults. These seem most abundant where there are no Emblestoma but I did not keep close records. As many as 4 Belostoma in 1 haul of net. Corixids & Notonectids are more numerous than ever before. Cochotoceras present but down in numbers. Snail, as usual, are most numerous invertebrate. Saw pair of geese & pair of Mallards. After going for the 3 new larvae I began a systematic check of newly dried areas to attempt to find any newly metamorphosed Emblestoma. Checked under mats of Polygonum at SE corner of pond, worked under all Willows along N edge of pond, Polygonum & logs at NW end and shore at west & finally litter along edge. Took about 1/2 hrs. but found no sign of Emblestoma. Lost my Schultheis Thermometer on this search. Retraced steps & found it is next to last stop. While walking thru shrub's Eleocharis & grass at former SW corner of pond I noticed the area was a maze of Micratus runways. I've never seen so many. actually saw 4 or 5 Micratus running about & heard many more. Found 1 drowned Micratus in Can trap # 2 night in oak woods. A real high population here. Ate lunch 12:15-12:45. Then over to Ellicott Pond to get larvae for
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J. D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 20 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. food study. This pond has shrunk some but there is still deep water >3 ft deep in middle. Eleocharis has become so thick that dip netting is impractical most places except in deepest pools. Worked there for 1 hr 15 min. with no luck. Here too the young Hyla are hopping about in fantastic numbers. Saw several newly transformed L. aurora as well as tadpoles in all stages of metamorphosis. Worked under the willows turning logs for newly metamorphosed Limnodynastes. Got 1 under a small, rotted willow branch after turning practically every log in the place. Just after getting it I was leaning over to get at another log & jammed a dead willow twig into my left eye. This of twig hit the eyeball & broke. The broken portion deflected upwards & lodged under the eyelid. Extremely painful. Extracted it & returned erratically to car. After bathing eye for 3/4 hour it opened & felt better. But in another hour it began to throb & smart. Lid swollen again so I decided to drive home while I could still see. Arrived Berkeley at 8 pm, deposited animals in MVZ. Home log 9. Sight still blurred in left eye. Bathed it for an hour & felt much better.
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J D Anderson 1958 journal June 25 Albany to Elbert Pass, Alpine Co., Calif. Left home at 4:45 am. Drove south on eastshore freeway to get US 50. On 50 to Stockton & then back Rt 4. Arrived at Big Meadow, 6500ft Calaveras Co. at 9 am. Worked the snow pond where I had found Ambystoma macrodactylum larvae in past years. Saw nothing in pond but minutebrates + small tadpoles - Hyla (?). Turned logs in vicinity until about 10:30 am with no luck. Sky clear, warm day. No snow here + very little moisture except near pond & streams. Decided to try hunting at higher elevations. Drove up Rt 4 past Lake Alpine to Pacific Slope Summit 8050 ft. At about 7000 ft there were scattered patches of snow. 7500 ft snow extensive in shaded areas. 8000 ft much snow everywhere. The lakes at the summit - called Mosquito lake by a forest service worker, but unnamed on topo sheets - were still iced in. Very little open water present & thus no fisherman as yet. About 150 yds N of the road there are two snow ponds in the woods. One is almost completely melted + free of snow, the other is just about filled but is half covered with snow + solid ice. Found Ambystoma active in both of these ponds. In first pond (see up. account for description) 14 were collected. Eggs were in abundance. Snow reached edge of this pond only at one point about 6 ft long about 10 yds long. The second pond lies 52 yds due
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Journal June 25 Pacific Shore Summit, 8050 ft., Alpine Co., Calif. west of 1st pond and is on other side of small ridge roughly 30ft high at lowest point. Snow melt off flows to one pond or another off this divide. Lowest point is devoid of vegetation & has but thin soil cover. Granite ridge rises from this point and goes up to 60 ft above pond 1 & effectively separates it from pond #2. Pond #2 is described in detail in sp. accounts. Collected 7 Ambylostoma in #1 in extremely cold water. Most of these taken on bottom exposed to sunlight. Returned to pond #1 to get eggs & larvae. Found large (overwintered) larvae along edges of pond #1. These did not swim about the way I've seen larvae do in this type of pool late in summer. They hid in debris at ponds edge - most commonly under small bits of wood resting on bottom. Found many eggs attached to undersides of logs, branches etc in pond. Finished up work at about 4:15 pm. Wrote some notes & took pictures then at 5:05 pm started back down at 4 (west). 9.6 mi. W of this spot & actually slightly NE (by road) Calawan Colony, Alpine Co., Calif. & stopped at another snow pond 25 yds long by 10 yds wide x 17" deep at deepest point. Caught 1 rather small ad. Ambylostoma. Continued down road, stopping at any pools or meadows but got no more Ambylostoma. Checked carefully at ids Big
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal June 25 Pacific Shore Summit, Bosofl, Alpine G, Calif. meadow Pond. Found [illegible] jelly coats of eggs under many logs. All eggs were hatched but not yet disintegrated. Only 1 had an embryo - dead I thought but it was identified as late tail bud stage. Sweeping with dipnet produced nothing. The larvae are newly hatched & experience has shown that they are exceedingly difficult to catch at this stage. Fairy shrimp very abundant, Notonectids (large) also common. Saw 1 huge predaceous water beetle - possibly predator on Amblystoma. Finished up here & left for home at about 8:15 pm. Arrived in Berkeley about 11:00. Dropped specimens off at MVZ & home by 1:45.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 journal June 28 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 7:15 am with Dot Wilkoff. Drove to Rio del Mar by usual route arriving at about 9:30 am. Began work with dip net almost immediately. Pond has not shrunk much in area since last trip but the level has gone down considerably being 20-24" deep in deepest holes & averaging 8-10" deep. Worked for 1 3/4 hours getting only 1 hawaa. Dot used net too so courage was very good. Spent 1 hour turning logs & mats of vegetation in search of metamorphosed animals but found none at all. In water Notorectia are extremely abundant. Belostoma very common—mostly very large, wingless nymphs. Had lunch 12:45-1:15 after dropping D. at beach for the afternoon. Worked Ellis's Pond with dip net for 1 1/2 hours (1:30-3 pm PDT). Then began search for metamorphosed animals under logs in the willow thicket. First 30 mins. I worked close to shoreline where soil under logs is very moist—got nothing. Hyla regilla jaws in fantastic numbers here. Next worked back towards beach end of willows & began to pick up newly metamorphosed juvenile A.m. croceum about 60-80 ft from waters edge. Recorded c.t. temps and collected soil samples for moisture determinations. Picked D. from beach to help with this. Ate supper at about 6:45. Returned to area & worked with
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June 28 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co, Calif. lights until about 9:45 . Not total of 8 juveniles. Then drove back to Valencia for a check but were unable to connect with Anloystoma here. It may be that the earlier [illegible] start of breeding at Ellicott is responsible for this getting animals there & not at Valencia. However pond has shrunk proportionally faster at Valencia than Ellicott & I would expect metamorphosis here too! But larvae are not to be found at Ellicott any longer - by methods employed up to now while they can be taken at Valencia - but are for a few between. Left for home at about 10:30 & arrived in Berkeley at about 12:45 am. Traffic was heavy - due probably to micrweather & the Miss California contest at Santa Cruz.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal July 2 Mosquito Lakes 2 mi. W. Lookout Peak, 7050 ft., Alpine Co., Calif. with N.K. Johnson Left Albany at 5:00 am. Drove to US 50 to Stockton & then took State Route 4 east into Elbert Pass area. Arrived at Big Meadow, 6500 ft., Calaveras Co. at about 9:15 am. Checked the snow pond at Big Meadow for Ambystoma larvae. Last week I couldn't find larvae but did see newly hatched eggs. This time very small larvae were abundant in shallow, clear water along edges of the pond. Difficult to get with dip net since they hug the bottom closely. Got sample of about 15 which were preserved soon after capture. Continued driving east on RT 4. Stopped 3/4 mi. W. Mosquito Lakes to check a snow pond for Ambystoma. It is a likely pond but we found nothing. Ned saw a young & Pine Grosbeak. Along road I saw 1 ad. & Evening grosbeak. Arrived at Mosquito Lakes at about 11 am. Ate lunch & then started work. I checked the series of small snow ponds across road from Mosquito Lakes while Ned went bird hunting. Got 2 ff ad. macrodactylum in pond #1. 1 was under a log at pond edge (foreland) & the other was in water at edge under a small (8"x4") piece of bark. Worked around for larvae (last year) and got a of the worm cutters. More eggs have been laid but I won't work on them until tomorrow. Next walked over to Pond #2 which is now fully almost completely free of snow & ice. Collected 5 ff macrodactylum in here. No sign of eggs as yet but 3 of the ff had eggs inside chorion indicating larva's activity. The log between
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal ponds 1 & 2 still prove interesting. A thorough search of #1 produced only 2 FF at edge, eggs have been laid & animals are leaving. In #2 FF abundant, fertilized & laying. Ground snow is much reduced now present in well sheltered areas. Walked over to the original two ponds which Don Wilholski & I found last year. Last week they were snowed in tight but this week they are open but with considerable snow around the edge. Got 3 FF & 1 O" at pond #3 (circular pond of last year). 1 1/2 at pond #4. Sprung a leak in my left boot & the cold water numbed the foot so I took this out for repair. Red returned soon after so we ate supper (5 pm). At 6 pm I worked pond #1 again for larvae. Sight woo bad but I got 4 in some aquatic vegetation ( dead ). They were resting well up on the leaves - off the bottom about 3-5" in water approx. 10" deep. Back to camp to write notes. Trees here as follows: Ledgepole Pine, White Pine, Red Fir, White Fir & Mt. Hemlock. Good Canadian Zone vegetation. At 9 pm I worked all 4 ponds to see if animals were active or yet. Not quite dark enough for lights to be effective & too dark to see very well. So back to camp. Piddled some salamanders. At 10 pm Red & I went to pond #2, using Coleman kerosene lantern & flashlight [illegible] saw a 9 walker's mud small log split from shore in 6" of water. She feled & I checked under log & found freshly laid eggs which were not there late in the afternoon. At the west end of the pond where there are many logs & little in water we saw 6 more FF all moving about the logs. Two were near
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J.D. Anderson 1958 journal July 2 Mosquito Lake, 8050ft, 2mi.W. South Peak, Alpine Co., Calif a large log which I had checked for eggs today I found more - One I was between a piece of wood pulling off bottom of log & log proper - jest where eggs are commonly found. Another was seen clinging to bottom of floating log but swam off when light shone on her. Thus a total of 7 & 9 seen in 20 minutes. We walked out to pond #3. Saw 1 salamander - not able to sex it as it escaped. Back to camp at 11:15. Plenty of schinys between 10-11 pm. Water temp in pond #2 = 7.5°C. Hit rocks at 11:40 pm. July 3 Mosquito Lake, 8050 ft., 2mi.W. South Peak, Alpine Co., Calif Up at 6:45 am. After breakfast I worked pond #2 in order to see if 7 & active last night had deposited eggs. Almost every log at NW end of pond #2 had Ambystoma eggs under it - All freshly laid - most undeveloped yet. The eggs which were found lastnite (see above) are now in the 4 cell stage. Collected a batch for description & experiments. Worked other ponds in the area. No eggs as yet in ponds 3 & 4 which were still snow covered on June 25,1958. Collected 1st. F. in Pond #4. Two nice adult Rana muscosa in this pond also. First adult muscosa I have seen outside of Mosquito Lake themselves. Hyla regilla now in full chorus in ponds 1 & 2. They were singing in #1 on 25 June but were absent from #2. Now in #2 eggs of H. regilla abundant in pond #1 but absent as yet from #2. Ambystoma thus is the first amphibian to breed in these ponds.
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J.D. Anderson Journal 3050 ft. July 3 Mosquito Lake, 2 mi. W. Lookout Peak, Alpine Co., Calif Interestingly there were no Eulerochips in any of these ponds. Saw many juvenile R. muscosa but only two adults. The terrain around all of the ponds in the area is rocky - many bare granite outcropping. Under ponds. Very little flat ground with good soil. Trees scattered. Large trees few. Usually groups of small trees around the ponds. After working ponds 2,3 + 4 I walked down to Mosquito Lake proper. Checked all shallow margins, turned logs in water etc but found no salamanders. Talked for while with a fisherman who has been coming here in late June for years. He has seen the salamanders in the snow ponds + elsewhere in Sierra but claims he has never seen them in Mosquito Lake. This plus my own experience makes it doubtful that they now use the lake. The trout could be responsible. Also there is very little in way of shallow margins for Ambystoma. Went back to Pond #1 + checked eyggs observed on June 25. These are now in stage 32 (Rugh). They were in 8+9 th on June 25. Ned + I got back to camp about same time. I saw a block of Crossbills just before he returned. He had already gotten 7 so it didn't matter much. Broke camp at about 12:30 pm + drove east on Rt. 4. Stopped night at #804 30th W. Ellet Pass proper. Got 2 ad. of A. macrorhynchum in a small snow pond there. Another pond along side the road sign was not checked. Many eggs (m'blastula) taken at th
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J.D. Anderson 1958. Journal July 3 Moquito Lake, Roswell, 2 mi. W. Looberd Peak, Alpine Co., Calif. came pond or 8' 8''. Drove on east main's Rt 4, thru Marbleville to Woodfords. Decided (4 pm) to try to get Camoystown in Nevada. Drove east on Rt. to 395 + then on US 50 to Spooner Summit. Checked a pond approx. 2 mi. N. Spooner summit but did not connect with Salmonados. Drove back to US 50 + started for home about 7 pm. Stopped to eat in Placerville. Took 50 to Sacramento then home via [illegible] Vallejo, Richmond etc. Back to MV2 about midnite. Home about 1 am.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal July 5 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 7:30 pm with Dot Wilhoft. Drove by usual route arriving at Rio del Mar at about 9:30 am. The "lagoon" is drying up fast. Water is restricted to the central area beginning at least (west) large willow down to DD willow clump. Some pools are disjoined from main pool which runs from a meadow (cool, moist) tule patch to a few yards west DD willow. Nowhere is water more than 8" deep & most places in between 5-6" deep. Dug our coat with low fog so water so cool. Both of us worked all the pools which are quite clear, much clearer than almost anytime to date. Saw only Hyla + Rana tadpoles plus the usual Notonecta's, Corixids & Belostomatids etc. We turned mats of Potamigeron which lay alongside pools hoping to turn up metamorphosing Ambystoma. No luck using this method. Tried turning mats which were a little further away from the water, thinking that perhaps the Ambystoma do not go under cover until things get really dry. Mats 25-50 ft from water were examined carefully. We found Hyla regilla, newly transformed, to be very abundant under these. Ground under mats is rock & muddy. Found a coiled Thamnophis under a large mat. Ch. temp 17.5°C. Forced it to regurgitate its stomach contents. First oil was a recently ingested tiny Hyla regilla & next was a newly metamorph. Ambystoma m. croceum (spec. saved for measurement, though partly digested). First real record of garter snake
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Journal July 5 Valencia Lagoon, Bird del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Predation on croceum & also proof that the A.m.c. probably use the mats for cover. They would be quite at the mercy of snakes under mats. Next tried crawling into the very thick clump of Tule ( ). About 15 feet in through the tule we met a pile of reeds, very moist stalks was found. Pile about 12" high & 20" wide. Broke through it carefully found 1 small, newly transformed croceum about 3" from bottom. Cl. temp. 15.5°C, temp. in pile 15.5°C., temp 1" above pile 17.5°C. In a second pile about 1/6 from first another croceum was taken. Did not want to disturb the habitat any further so stopped this. Really glad to find where the little croceum are going as the pond thins up. Stopped work here about 1:30. Ate lunch 1:30-2. Dropped D. off at beach & chowed to Ellicott for dip net work. 1 1/4 hrs work yielded nothing. Later on we worked the willow grace of Ellicott pond & got 6 newly metamorphosed croceum. D. got 3 & I got 3. After dark, work with Coleman lantern was negative. Drove home thru very heavy July 4 traffic.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal July 23 Trip to Carson Pass, El Dorado & Amador Co., Calif. Left Albany at 4:50 am with N. Johnson in Johnson car. Drove to Walnut Creek to pick up Tom McElhage. Got slightly lost trying to find meeting place. Finally made contact & left Walnut Creek about 6:05. Drove to Dublin then onto US50 to Stockton. Turned off on State Rt 89 following it to Carson Pass area. Passed through some interesting country west of Jackson. Cedenostoma & oak growing low - 3ft at most - and covering ground in a creeping fashion. Stopped for gas in Jackson. Soon after Jackson we hit Yellow Pine & began climbing. I get the impression that the rise is steeper here than lower parts of Elbert Pass Rd. At least the trees seem to change to Grand Conifer more quickly. Checked for pond cell along the road. First stop was at Tragedy Springs, 8000ft. Amador G & A small snow pond found tucked away south of the road. Only 10 ft x 8 ft. Worked it for awhile but it began raining hard. Soon turned into a heavy hailstorm & it was impossible to see anything. Storm lasted from 10:15 am to 10:40. After hail let up it continued raining and got very cold. Drove past to a large pond at Carson Spgs, 7222 ft. Drove past to Silver Lake. Stopped at N end of lake where Rt 89 crosses the spillway. Checked edges of lake for Ambrostoma larval with no luck. At this bend there is an isolated bay separated from main part of lake by a spit of land. Two bodies are
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal July 23 Trip to Carson Pass, Amador - El Dorado Co., Calif. Continues only at spillway. Worked around the "box" turning logs. Got 1 adult macrodactylum under a large (3ft diam.) yellow pine which had been cut down. Further search of the area produced nothing except 1 Genhorotus. Drove on to a pond at Carson Spur, 7990 ft. Still raining and quite cold. Checked logs all around pond with no luck. Then worked pond with dip net + raining so hard that it was impossible to see anything small in water. I'm sure I would have been able to see adults but brown wood lice invisible on dark bottom with poor light + the surface spattered with raindrops. Drove east further on 88. Stopped at West end of Twin Lakes Alpine Co., Calif. A stream bed pond is situated about 100yds W. of spillway from the lakes. Water shallow, many fallen logs. Bottom very soft + muddy. Checked carefully for Ambystoma with no luck. Drove on again, past on Rt 88. Stopped at a small pond approx 30-40m long by 15-20 yds wide. Probably a spring bed pond. Dense growth of scrubby willow around it. Red fir, white pine + lodgepole pine around edges. Rock outcrops from a low ridge east of the pond. Bottom very soft + silty. Raining too hard for dip net work. Turned logs in area for 45 min. but found nothing. Locality is 4mi. E (by Rt 88) Kribwood, 8000 ft., Alpine Co., Calif. Continued east on Rt 88. Went over Carson Pass to
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal July 23 Trip to Carson Pass vicinity, Calif. Red Lake, 8000 ft., Alpine Co., Calif. made camp at east end of Red Lake. Tom McIntyre picked up two adult Bufo boreas at campsite. After supper I worked around N edge of the lake for salamanders. Could find nothing in lake or a small pond just north of the lake. Saw a lesser working near an outlet stream of the lake, and a Black Bear working up a hillside NW of the lake. Several spotted sandpipers were working along the N end of the lake. Activities restricted mostly to large floating logs which were jammed up at this side of the lake. Several Brewer Blackbirds were following these and displaying to them. Seemed like a territorial display on part of individual blackbirds but they would occasionally "nd" around the sandpiper ginn's alarm calls. Sandpipers ignored the display. Rain stopped about 7 pm. July 24 Carson Pass vicinity, Calif. After breakfast I worked around edge of lake once more. Got 1 Bufo boreas ad. 9. Cl temp 17.2° Saw Bufo tadpoles all along lake edge. No Ambystoma lacore. Worked hillside & wet area near lake - no salamanders. Left this area at 10:45 am. Began driving east to go to Elbert Pass. Got a flat tire just past Hope Valley. Since there are no service stations to repair tires above Elbert Pass Rd, we decided
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal July 24 Carson Pass & Vicinity, Cal. to go back over Carson pass & play it safe until we could get repairs & have a spare tire. Drove west on 80 to the actual pass. Checked a pond right at the pass. Looked like a good spot - small snow pond 15 yds diameter Lots of fallen logs etc. Got nothing. However the water is slightly fouled due to litter thrown in by litterbugs. Drove west to 4 mi. E (by Rt 89) 1800ft., Kiabwood 8000ft, Alpine Co worked the pond cited earlier. Saw 5 small macrodystylum larvae. Water deep, muddy bottom. Could only collect 1 as a locality record. Continued on 80 west to Carson Spur, 8000 ft. Worked a large (60 yd x 30 yd) pond. Bottom very muddy. Many logs in water. Rain's again. Neither work in waters nor turning logs produced salamanders. Got 1 Thamnophis elegans (at temp 16.0 C) swimming in pond. Ned Johnson shot several crossbills here. One lodged in tree. Attempted to knock it down with slingshot. All I succeeded in doing was to snap my Schulteis thermometer out of my pocket & smashed it against a tree. Left about 3:15 pm. After some more tire th solder & driving only 4 mph we reached Albany about 11:30 pm.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal July 20 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 8 am with D. Wilhoft. Drive via usual route. Arrived at Rio del Mar 10:15 am. The pond is now completely dried up. Spots which were pools last trip (5-July) are now cracked, hardened mud in open areas; softer, moist mud near vegetation. Worked willow clumps, cattails & tule clumps for newly transformed anirish - saw only styela cozella. Spent 2 hours or more at this. After lunch we worked Ellicott [illegible] willow thicket near the pond, each getting three specimens. Behavior of these young anirish is quite different now. When first emerging from water & exposed by turning a log they just sit quietly. Usually will not move unless poked. Now there is a definite escape attempt. 2 of six taken today attempted to escape down rodent(?) burrows. Others sat quietly for 5-7 min then slowly crawled towards some litter. They probably rely on protective coloration just so long, then attempt to seek cover slowly without being seen. Remainder of day spent checking two areas or ridge swamps SE from Valencia. No luck. Weather was again foggy & cool but not really wet enough to dampen ground. Aug 2 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Albany at 8 am. Arrived Rio del Mar at 10:05 am. Entire pond area now cracked & hardened earth. Worked around willows & tules for 1 hour but found nothing. Drive
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Aug. 2 Valencia Sagson, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. over to "Ellcott" pond after lunch. Worked in some willow thickets as before. Got 8 juveniles & saw several more. Soil remains quite moist under logs. The low hanging branches of the closely set, large willows provide almost complete shade. Soil only moist. 6 croceus (4 taken) seen under peeling bark of a fallen willow branch. Juvo. Hygia regella abundant in this area. 2 seen under same piece of tree bark with Amblystoma but were several inches from them. Saw Bees are as usual most abundant animal. Two of the Amblystoma taken under logs which have produced salamanders three weeks in a row. Amblystoma are more abundant this time - probably cold have taken a dozen easily. Got 4 & saw 2 others in an hour's time. Did not look hard after that. More intensive work in past weeks has produced, usually, fewer specimens. Next worked around edge of pond area looking what logs & boards are present with no luck. Thus for the only success has been in the very shady willow thicket. At end of pond area, at base of hill where strawberries are grown there is a large area of seepage. Water trickles down into the pond region - probably comes from irrigation. The pond is about 1/3 - 1/4 its former size but still has plenty of water for the time of year - seepage helps. 15" in center along furrows - mostly 4-5" deep. Elodea can; is very thick - difficult to walk thru. Very few
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Aug. 2 Valucia area, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. area of open water - only along the three femoses mentioned in earlier notes, 30 minutes of dip netting produced only 25-30 tadpoles of Hyla regilla. Metamorphosed jive Hyla are everywhere on the Eleocharis stalks. Newly transformed Rana aurora are in greater numbers than I have ever seen. There may yet be some Ambystoma larvae in this pool. Water temp 21.0°C in 4" of depth. Not too hot as yet. Most perplexing question - where are the transformed tigrinum? Better than 30 young Crocean have been taken but so yet not a single tiger salamander. Tigrinum larvae were exceedingly abundant earlier. Quit work about 4:30 pm, left with family + arrived in Albany about 7:30 pm - 1 stop for supper, 1 for gas.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Aug 6 Mosquito Lake, 8000ft, 2 mi. W. Foot of Peak, Alpine Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 3:10 am with Ned Johnson & Dick Banke. Drove to US 50 & then on that Route 4. Arrived at Big Meadow, 6500ft, Calaveras G, at 7:30 a.m. Began work for larvae at once. Larvae were abundant close to shore, some in water ca 1/2
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Aug 6 Mooquits Lake, 8020ft., 3mi. W. Lookout Peak, Alpine Co. Left this spot at 6:30 pm. We made several stops for collecting between Moo Lake & Camp Cornell. Stayed up at Camp Cornell. Left at about 9 pm. Drove home by same route. Stopped 3 times to call for screech owl. Got only 1 answer but did not get the bird. Also drove rather slowly, looking for snakes in foothills. Got just 1 Buffo boxer at 3 mi. W. Copperopolis, Calaveras Co., no snakes. Saw 4 Horned Larks on route. 1 Gray Fox crossed the road. Dipodomys & Perognathus out in good numbers. Warm night with no rain. Arrived at MVZ 1:50 am. Home by 2:15 am, 24 hours after leaving. Aug 7.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Aug. 20 Trip to Mosquito Lakes, 8000 ft., 2 mi. W. Footbut Peak, Alpine Co., Calif. Left Albany at 4:50 am. Drove via Tunnel Rd to Pleasant Hill & picked up Tom McIntyre. Drove to Dublin + then US 50 to Stockton. Took Rt. Rt 4 from Stockton. Stopped 4 mi west of Altaville, Calaveras Co. Collected 2 Sceloporus occidentalis and 1 Rana boylii here. Continued along Rt 4. Saw 1 DOR Charina bottae approx 2 mi. E. Camp Cornell, Calaveras Co., Calif. 10:30 am began work at Big Meadow, 6500 ft., Calaveras Co. The snow pond here is almost completely dry now. Only a small, shallow (5" greatest depth) remnant 15 yds long x 8 yds wide left. Larvae in metamorphic stages present in this pond. Newly transformed juveniles are fantastically abundant under boards, logs, bark & other debris in the pond area. Collected approx 60 in less than a half hour. 11:30 am went moved east on Rt 4 to Mosquito Lakes, 8000 ft., 2 mi. W. Footbut Peak, Alpine Co Calif. Ate lunch and began work here about 12:30 pm. In pond #1 both sizes of larvae were abundant + readily visible on the bottom. Last trip (Aug 6) the small larvae were not easy to see or collect. Took a series of both size groups + kept some of larger ones alive for experimental work. In Pond #2 small larvae only present + there in very great density. Took a sample of those 20+ picked + 20 kept alive. Took a small sample from Pond #3. Larvae were not so
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J D. Anderson 1958 Journal Aug 20 Trip to Mogiuto Lake, 8000ft, 2 mi. w. footbnt Peak. Alpine C. Cold abundant here as in Pond #2. Tom McFitzg collected a nice series from pond #4. He said that the larvae were extremely abundant there & that tadpoles of R. muscosa were more common than in other ponds. I found more muscosa larvae in pond #2 then in 1953. However adult R. muscosa were most common along shores of Pond #1. Again we found no adult Hylo regilla & saw very few regilla larvae. The day was warm, bright & extremely clear. Saw 1 Thamnophis e. elegans in pond #1, no other. Left about 4:32 pm hocked for home. Ate in Angels Camp. After return via same route & a stop at MVZ I arrived home at 11:07 pm.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Aug 29 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Albany at 7:35 am. Arrived Valencia 9:35 am. Worked around pond area, which is now completely (dust) dry, for newly metamorphosed Limnodynastes. Checked in Tule & Cattail Thickets with no luck at all. Worked the several willow thickets & got one in the central thicket. This juvenile was under a broken willow branch which had one end buried in damp soil. Searched under bark, logs etc. with no further luck. Left Valencia at 11:40 am. Ate lunch & then began work at Ells'cort Pond area (semi.-New Elliscott & Dr. Yunis' Walswells). The pond here is all but completely gone now. All that remains is the 3 parallel ditch like depressions from 3-6
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Aug 29 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. thru town of Aromas, taking Carpenteria road out to Salinas - Watsonville Rd. West or thus. checked a large, permanent (probably artificial pond near Aromas turn off. Pond literally cline with Rana catelariana. Turned long for 20 mins. no luck. Drone back to US 1, then south to Elkhorn Rd. Checked willows along a pond (?) (perhaps upper end of Elkhorn slough). Again no luck. On way back to supper stopped at the Edwards barn. Mr. Edwards is on vacation. Got permission to do night work at Elliott Pond from his caretaker. This man told me of a pond along Green Valley Rd (near Freedom) where he used to catch salamander larvae by hooks while fishing (could be A. tigrinum). Ate at Red Don Inn, then wrote notes until dark. Worked Elliott Pond edge & willow area with Coleman lantern from 8:10 pm to 9:40 pm. Sky clear, stars bright. Moon came up about 9:15 pm. Hyla regilla juveniles were hopping about in Elkhorn's & under willows - very abundant. Rana canosa juveniles out also but only a few individuals seen. Air temp 1" above surface of ground 15.6°C. Mydriacraea wanderaing about at edge of willows - about 30 yds from edge of pond area. Left for home at 10 pm. Traffic heavy from San Mateo on. Arrived MVZ about 12:30 am.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Sept. 13 Valencia lagoon & Elliott Pond, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 7 am with D. Wilkoff. Drove via usual route to Rio del Mar. Valencia lagoon area is now very dry. Search for Ambystoma was fruitless. A new home is being built at the junction of Hill Rd & Bonta Drive. Flora but surely the study area is being ruined; croceum numbers closer to extinction. After lunch drove over to get the "Elliott Pond" - 1/2 mi. Nw Elliott Rd (40, 4mi W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co.) A thorough search of the willow area produced 11 croceum, including at least two adult animals (judging by size). One of these is definitely a J with an enlarged cloaca area - not large enough different to distinguish it as a J but not swollen of breeding season. Worked until late afternoon getting temp data & soil samples. In the evening work with Coleman lantern was negative. A bright, dry night - star shining.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Sept 23 Mosquito Lakes, 8000 ft, 2 mi. W. Jambot Peak, Alpine Co., Cold. Left Albany at 5:25 am. Drove via US 50 to Stockton and then on State Rt 4 towards Elbert Pass. Ran out of gas about 3 mi. W. Altaville. But got a quick ride in for gas with a Mr. Monteverde. Sort little time. Arrived at Big Meadow, 6500 ft, Calaveras Co. at about 9 am. Pond is entirely dried up (see note Aug 20, 1958). Ground wet from rain last night. However it was very dry under all litter, logs etc. Searched for juvenile Cambyctoma for quite a while with no luck at all. Probably all have moved down to escape dessication. Even most favorable areas are bone dry. It is cold today 9.50 C. but I doubt that this is a factor. The past few weeks have been extremely warm and dry. Drove to Mosquito Lake locality. Ate lunch at 11 am. From about 7400 ft up there is a slight cover of snow on ground - almost 1" in some places. Snow on all limbs of trees. All the higher peaks all around this spot. Air temp. 2 ft off ground 10.0 C., , temp 1" above ground 7.50 C. Many of the shallow areas of the ponds here are covered by a thin film of ice. Must have been a miserable night last night. Sky very cloudy - It may be snowing on some of the higher peaks right now it will probably snow here tonight. Might
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Sept 23 Maginito Lake, 8000 ft., 2 mi. W. Lookout Peak, Alpine Co. Temp's must drop pretty low [illegible] fairly regularly now. I would imagine that all the ponds will last thru the entire year now. All have plenty of water. This years larvae show no signs of metamorphosis. In pond #1 all of the 1957 larvae are metamorphosed and gone. The 1958 larvae are very difficult to collect. Tend to stay hidden in the litter. Overcast sky, wind & chip from the trees make work more difficult. Finally got a series of 1958 larvae from ponds 1,2+3. Saw abundant larvae in Pond #4 but did not take any. Water temp ranged from 5.3 to 6.0 C. In open ponds (2+3) the larvae are easy to see + catch. But where there is litter they tend to hide. Reminds me very much of the first days collecting this June when the 1957 larvae were first emergents (See notes for June 1958). Saw only two gir. Rana muscosa & no Hyla regilla. Almost too cold for frogs chorus. Hyla although present here, are not very abundant. Large R. muscosa larvae in ponds 3+4. Saw only few in Pond #2 + more in Pond #1. None of those seen were transformings. Left early + arrived home about 9 pm.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Oct. 11 Valencia Lagoon, Birdel Mon and "Elliott", Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 5 am with D. Wilhoft. Arrived Valencia 10:30 am, checked around pond area & in oak woods for croceum with no luck - same old story here. Ate lunch & dropped D. off at [illegible] Beach. Worked at Elliott getting 2 croceum in 1 hour. It was cold on Beach so D. joined me collecting. In afternoon work we picked up 12 croceum (total), several of which appear to be adult males. A cold & foggy afternoon. Ate supper at Red Door Inn then tried some work with Coleman Benton. No luck. Left at 9:30 pm & returned to Berkeley ca midnite. Oct 18. Valencia Lagoon, Birdel Mon and "Elliott", Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Heavy rain in Bay Area between 3:30 & 5 am this morning. Weather Bureau predicted more rain for afternoon & evening of Oct. 18. Decided that this might turn into the first big rain & that the Umbrestone might move with it, so I left Berkeley at 1 pm. & drove via usual route to Aptos. Stopped at Red Door Cafe to check with Barney Neal on last meter rain. He said it rained hard & heavy for 1 1/2 hours in morning. At 3 pm. sun was shining brightly - no sign of the predicted rain. Drove to Valencia Lagoon. Checked all loza in willow area & made a cursory check in oak woods. Around damp in places. Still dry under trees & soil under loza remained [illegible]
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Oct 18 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar + "Ellcott", Santa Cruz Co., Calif. This morning rains. No response by the salamanders. Found nothing. Drove over to "Ellcott Pond" 14mi.NW Ellcott Rd to 4mi.W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co. Worked here for 1'1/2 hours. Turned trap 10 craypums which is about the same number /hr. we have been getting all summer. Basis of this I would say that there were no response by these animals to the rain. Of the 10, 3 were collected for study + 7 more toe-clipped + released. Ate supper between 5:45 + 6:30 pm. Returned to Ellcott at 6:45 pm - completely dark - although stars shone brightly + sky was very clear. Worked for 2 hrs with Coleman lantern but saw no salamanders. Few Hyla regilla + subadult Rana aurora were quite active after dark. Hyla seen on logs + hopping over dry ground. Rana on ground only. Spiders +, Carabids, Tenebrionids + millipedes were active on surface. Stopped work at about 9 pm + drove home. Nov. 15. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar + "Ellcott", Santa Cruz Co., Calif Left Berkeley at 8 am. Arrived Rio del Mar at 10:30 am. Santa Dr. wet, several small standing puddles present. Worked the willow area, turning logs + checking thin leaf litter. Found nothing. Leaf litter only moist at surface. Dry under logs + 1" in litter. Heavy canopy must keep its light rain from penetrating very deeply.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Nov. 15 Valencia, Juzon, Rio del Mar "Ellicott", Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Checked next in oak woods, kinda's much more moister here - due to stone runoff probably. Found no salamanders except 1 Ensatina which had fallen into Can trap #1 & drowned. 1 Doray troubridgin same can - also drowned. After lunch I drove over to "Ellicott Pond" - [illegible]. NW Ellicott Rd Sta, 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. worked here for quite a while. Pitched up 7 croceum - 2 possibly breeding adults. Took temp data & soil samples. Next worked an Ambystoma tigrinum locality between Ellicott & Valencia. Hoped that some jiv tigrinum might be out but drew a complete blank on that score. Ate quick supper & returned to Valencia at 5:30 pm - began food checks at 5:45 while sky was clear & clear. At 6:10 pm it began to rain lightly. Dried at 6:20 pm 1 jiv croceum was collected as it walked across road (headed due S by Compass) from pond towards woods. Air temp at 1/4" = 7.9°C. Daw I B. attenuates at 6:30pm. At 6'35 rain stopped. Made 5 more food checks but saw no more Ambystoma. Got 1 Aneides lugubris on the hill road, on the leaf covered road cut. Next checked Ellicott area with lantern - again no luck - sky clear - moon's stars out. No Hyla out - may be too cold for Anax.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum Jan 9 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 9 ado. collected in a man-made pit in oak woods. This pit - apparently dug only this fall - is next to a new dwelling + is intended for a cess pool. It is 9 ft long x 5 ft wide with straight sided and top 4.5 ft in depth. A perfect pitfall for amphibians. At one end there is a small pool of water extending width of pit + as much as 53" in length (shorted length - 40"). Greatest depth of water 3.5", average about 2 1/2". At opposite end from pool is a slightly raised shelf - 27" in length + extending width of pit (56"). Boechauir
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G. D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma macrodactylum oreum Jan. 9 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. upper road Home under construction oak. oak open oak woods N Pit baccharis To breeding pond Bonta Rd. 0° slope --> Thick Oak wood. gentle slope 15-20° Temp. 4" above surface of pit bottom - 7.4 °C. Humidity readings (Esling Psychrometer) over pool. over Ambystoma. Surface of [illegible] ground in pit moist but not wet. Water cannot be squeezed out of soil most places. However just below level of shelf, it becomes more moist. The 9 Ambystoma were found at the foot of the shelf in a cup shaped depression. This pocket was roughly 3" deep x 2'1/2-3" in diameter. It was sealed off at top - open only by 2 holes 1" apart each about 1/2" in diameter. When discovered a Hyla
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum Jan 9. Valencio Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. regilla was sitting partly exposed in one of their holes. The Ambystoma were in a ball facing in no one particular direction. The sandy soil was here, very moist & indeed there was a film of free water in bottom of pocket. Sand in this area had enough water to squeeze out. The Ambystoma were all in fine shape as contrasted to Ensatina found on surface. These were very desiccated. see Ensatinia notes 9-Jan. Temp just outside pocket at surface of soil = 7.4°C. Temp 2" below surface - approximating level of Ambystoma = 6.2°C. Cl. temps of A.m. croceum taken from this depression: 7.0, 7.0, 7.0, 6.8, 7.0, 7.2, 7.0. shelt \/ side of pit Ambystoma pocket This pocket was obviously of great value for survival. The Ensatinia which were excluded from it were in bad shape from desiccation. In fact these did not even gain weight when brought back to laboratory. Did the Ambystoma keep the Ensatinia out? I'd say yes! There was a little more room in it & 1 ad of Ensatinia was sitting at edge, she was in bad shape. Something about presence of Ambystoma kept her
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J. D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum Jan. 9. Valenciaagoon, Piz del Mar, Santa Cruz Co. Calif. out - so few for the other four badly dessicated Euscatina. One can't presume whether or not the Ambystomas did any digging. It looks as though the pocket had formed by dripping or runoff & the salamander moved in. Had they had dug it, why aggregate ?? Why not each dig his own. I think there was a hole already & they moved in. Interesting as concerns competition. Ambystoma could survive a long while here but Euscatina were at death's door. Thus their was one favorable spot - occupied by A.m.c.; Euscatina excluded & die. Thus this would be mortality independent of density. 1 or 20 Euscatina would lie in some predicament. 2 other Ambystoma were found in the pool. These had cl. temps of 6.2° & 6.4° C. Both dead. Water was muddy, cold 6.0° C and brack of Hyla regilla. Interesting that there were no Ameides or Batrachoseps in pit. I think Ameides would be capable of climbing out. Probably Batrochs do not move enough to fall in. Temp. surface & ground adjacent to pit = 15.4° C. Humidity =
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A.D. Anderson 1958 Amblystoma m. croceum, Jan 9. Valencia Jagon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 ad. ♀ collected under large piece of stone 20" x 20", ♀ gravid, cl. temp. under rock 6.8°C. ♀ was lying in old mammal burrow + disappeared into closed portion of it when disturbed. She was next to wide portion (nest?) of burrow, which was littered with cuttings of Eleocharis + other marsh plants. Surface temp. outside rock 13.8°C. Sky partly cloudy. Time 11:45 am. Jan 23 Valencia Jagon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif 3 ad.♀♀ marked & released on Bonita Rd. between 12 midnight & 1:15 am. 3 road checks were made in heavy driving rainstorm. Not in succession - 12-12:30 & 12:50-1:20. All 3♀♀ gravid with eggs visible thru abdomen and all facing pond area, coming from woods. cl. temps 8.0, 8.6 & 8.0., Temps '¼" 8.6, 8.8 & 8.6. Jan 24 4 ad. found in pit (described note of Jan. 9.), 9 am. 3♀♀ & 1♂. cl. temps - 6.8, 6.8, 7.0. Temp. under small board where they were found 7.0°C. All in prime breeding condition. Must have fallen in pit since Jan. 9. 1♂ was recaptured animal marked Sept. 19, 1957. All 4 released at junction Bonita & Hill roads. Raining hard all night and still raining. Jan 24 1pm: N.W. Elliott Rd., Sta. Yuri W. Watsonville Santa Cruz Co. 11 traps set in this (Elliott) pond at 10:00 pm last night. Checked at 10:00 am. All traps
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J.D. Combsor 1958 Amblyptera m. croceum Jan 24 '12 mi NW Elliot R R Sta, 4 mi W Waterville, Santa Cruz Co, Cal. set in the two deep funur which run the length of the pond. 8 in funor #1, 2 in funour #2. 6 ? ? taken from Trap # 1 (large trap) all in prime brood's condition. In 6" of water, trap on bottom looked well dead Eleochrosi + new shoot. Cl. temps. 10.2, 10.2, 10.4. Temp of water at trap level. 1/2 " from bottom 10.2 o.c. Trap # 5 had 1 od. ? croceum, cl. temp. 60.2 o.c. Trap # 2 in funour #2 had 2 od. ? A. tigrinum + 1 od ? croceum. all three were uncoative + looked dead. On removal they had no righting reaction. After 10 min. all 3 showed feeble gular pulsation + 3 mini hops all 3 revived. They may have come close to drowning since trap was under water but probably knocked selves out with presson suction. Worsh them thorughly upon removal. Interesting that all Amblyptera were ?? that they tended to aggregate.
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J.D. Anderson 1957 Ambelstoma m. croceum Feb. 9 'bmi W.Elliot & Sta, Emi W. Watsonm, Santa Cruz, Cal. 11:15 a.m Ellicott pond is at maximum size. Eleocharis shoots coming up in shallow water near edges. Found about 50 eggs of croceum along S E border of pond, adjacent to willows. Eggs laid in shallow water 4-9 " deep. All laid singly on living & dead shoots of Eleocharis. Usually only 1 egg per shoot but found as many as 3 per shoot. When in ?'2 x 3'2 the eggs were always separate, never found outa jelly coats fused. Usually well spaced, at least 3 " between eggs. There were "centers of deposition" however where one might find 6-8 eggs in an area 2ft sq. Then several feet away there would be another similar area, as though the t hen movin while depositing eggs. Eggs almost always laid well off the bottom towards the top of a shoot sometimes right at tip of shoot & rarely closer to bottom than to the top. Several are sketched below as typical. all ( ) eggs in minute , mound both almost completely closed (1st ). Water temp. 16.0 C for almost all eggs. 1 batch (6 eggs) at 13°C. Temp taken at level of eggs.
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J D Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum Feb. 16 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Several eggs found in 5" of water at S end of lagoon. Much dead & living (shoots) of Eleocharis. Water temp - 17.2-17.6°C. Water very muddy - almost impossible to spot the eggs. Eggs in late macula. Time 11 pm am. Several more found in water 1-3" deep - 1 ft from S shore of lagoon. Same situation, Eleocharis shoots coming up thru dead stalks. Water temp of 23.24 23.0°C recorded at 3" (2 pm). This spot gets still sunlight until late afternoon. Feb. 16. Ele[scribble] 1/2 mi. NW Ellicott Pt Ste, Ymi: W Watsonville. Checked sites of egg deposition observed on Feb. 9. Found no eggs with Embryos but saw many jelly capsules which had recently hatched. Judging from lab experience these had hatched within 2 or 3 days. March 4. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Checked egg sites of Feb. 16 along S edge of lagoon. Some in process of hatching. One hatched while being handled. Several eggs found in 4" of water 5 ft from edge amongst Eleocharis. Water Temp 12.0°C. - 11 am.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Amblystoma m. macroceum March 18 Valencia, Laguna, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Worked West end of pond extensively for larvae between 12:30 pm & 4 pm. Started along S Wedge where eggs were observed on Feb. 16 & March 4. Found nothing in shallow water near edge where there was no Eleocharis. Got 1 larva in clump of Eleocharis 7 yd from shoreline. Depth 8 1/2", temp surface 23.2°C, temp bottom 18.0°C. Bottom hard - not muddy, 1/2" layer of dead Eleocharis stolks on bottom. Eleocharis growing rapidly - some situation where eggs were found. Water roiled, muddy colored - no visibility at all. Time 2:45 pm 1 egg - c larva well developed & ready to hatch found in same situation today. 2 sm. larvae taken in middle of W. end of pond - opposite shore up road cut. 25 ft from little shore. Water depth 11". Temp surface 19.5°C, temp bottom 14.5°C. Bottom hard - no mud. Eleocharis stolks 1" thick layer on bottom. Water muddy, roiled - no visibility. Time 3:10 pm. Water 8-10" deeper all around this spot. No Eleocharis in deeper water. Thus it probably is a combination of depth & cover providing suitable habitat for small larvae since Eleocharis is main plant & it seems only to grow in shallow places. 4 pm set 12 funnel traps along S Wedge of pond, near spot where earlier eggs &
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J. D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum March 18 Valencia, Jaguar, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. todays have come from. Set out as shown below. 3 ft between each trap next. Checked traps at dusk 6-6:30 pm. No salamanders - Got 12-15 hydra tadpoles - several Corixids & Notonectidae, several snails & large ostracods. March 19 Checked traps 8 am this morning & got same results. Final check at about 5 pm. - still no Ambystoma. March 19 ½ mi. NW Ellicott Pkts., 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Worked over several old wood piles stacked for at least 5 year in clump of willows just S E of Ellicott Pond. Moved several hundred pickets & logs. Found 2 ad. or juv. close to bottom of pile. 1st found at 11:30 am under large log 4'x 2'x 1' at edge of wood pile. Cl. temp. 13.5°C, temp under log 13°C. Small willow shades logs here almost all day. Log has not been moved for years - sunk into ground 2". Actually a film of water on soil. As soon as log was turned the salamander dashed to
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum March 19 1/2pm W. Elliott Rd Sta Yuni, W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co. The opening of a beaver ( Microtus ? ) + about escaped - well used escape route (?) and taken well into wood pile. Very moist between logs. Much little & rotted wood between logs. This animal not on soil but in a niche but slightly 12:15 or longer than its body 1" from free water on soil surface. When logs disturbed this salamander pulled back further into its niche + remained quiet. Cl. temp. 11.8°C, temp in depression 10.0°C. From the look of this spot - well shaded, sandy loam soil with good moisture - I would judge that it would be favorable for a summer retreat. dotted out lines = other logs removed to expose Ambystoma. Actually a layer of 4-5 logs overlies the salamander. 1 Ameides lugenist found in uppermost layer directly above Ambystoma.
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G.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum larvae. March 19 Limi NW Ellicott R.R., Sta, Limi W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Series of 8 collected along W & SW edges of Ellicott Pond. These had total length as follows: 31, 29, 34, 58, 43, 47, 40, 43. (X = 41.25) They were collected between 3 ft + 15 ft of shore in water of 16" - 21" deep. Bottom firm, not muddy in all instances. Elodea growing profusely at all capture sites. Temps at surface of water varied 18.6°C - 20.0°C. Temps at bottom (actual capture) between 16.0°C - 19.0°C. Water relatively clear in all instances. Time 3 pm - 4:15 pm. Sky clear, sunny & warm. April 11 Valencia Sagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif Check made for larvae along SW corner of pond using long handled dip net. Netted 16 in 1½ hours between 11 am + 12:30 pm. Time includes note-taking, temp recording etc. & is not bad time at all. For total length they measured: 29, 21, 26, 28, 20, 32, 21, 26, 29, 36, 31, 26, 26, 27, 36 (430?). N=16 X = 27.60 Range 20-36. April 26. Valencia Sagoon Check made for larval growth - some were sampled as before. 15 taken with dip net & a means of traps. Total lengths (mm) 42, 43, 52, 44, 45 50, 55, 47, 43, 48, 50, 60, 41, 43, 45, 52, 46. N=17 X = 47.41. (Range 41-60)
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum March 21 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co. Calif 1 ad & -(ground) collected at 8 pm croceum's sandy road (Bonita Dr.), moving from oak woods towards Valencia Lagoon. Cl. temp. 11.5°C, Air temp '1/4" 11.6°C, soil temp 11.8°C. Had been raining up to 15 min ago. Sky dark - no stars. Humidity data 92% R.H. - Sloan's Psychrometer
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J.D. Anderson Ambystoma m. croceum funnel traps April 26. Valencia lagoon rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Set out 12 funnel traps along edge (see Map April 26) of pond where I have been measuring larvae. A grid set up with traps 5 paces apart parallel to shore line and beginning's 5 yds from shore. [illegible] shore Eleothan 10 3 4 5 7 8 9 11 12 set up complete at 1:30 pm. (PST). Checked at 5:30 pm - no salamanders. Checked again at 9:30 pm - 1 A.m. croceum larva in Trap # 9. April 27 Checked traps just after [illegible] sun on pond/ dawn at 6:30 am (PST). - 1 larva in trap # 5. This 52 mm in tot. length. marked - LF leg cut off, a notch put in dorsal tail fin little behind hind hibs. Jarva in trap # 9 had escaped. Made a quick check of traps at 8:30. No salamanders. Trial check & pick up at 1:30. 1 croceum larva in trap # 2.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. mexicanum notes on pond. April 26 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz C, Calif Water has receded very little as yet. Eleocharis still confined mostly to SW corner of pond. A good area developed there with disjoint patches along S side of pond. Potamogeton green now, Typha coming alive also. Mallard pair still present & active. At least one pair of coots on this pond. Thought I saw a Pied-billed Grebe - not sure. Did see one last trip. A pair of Green Herons flushed from central part of S shore. Those may be predators. Ducks active for first time. Saw a Thamnophis amongst the Eleocharis. Probably looking thru area for Hyla tadps & newly transformed individuals - probably take any Ambystoma they can get. In water there seems to be a slight decrease in invertebrates. Fewer Corixa & notristis this time. No Fairy shrimp at all. However the large Conchostraca are way up in numbers. Ostracods on other ponds appear to be down considerably.
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1958 A. Ambloplites m. croceum Savage. May 17 Valencia Sagamitio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Checked mode for lance all around pond. S.W. corner too shallow for good netting. 10 taken with dip net. Total length (in mm): 68, 61, 80, 73, 81, 81, 70, 65, 58, 56, 61, 51. X = 67.08 (51-81).
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J.D. Anderson 1858 A.macroctylum croceum A.m.croceum larva Total length - mm Collected 19 March 1858 "Elliott" Pond.
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Museum mouth non-functional. Belly doll yellowish - contrasts w dorsum under side of head also. No yellow pigment as yet ground color light brown. Heavy melanophores - fewer central lateral but not contrasting as in gracile. 10mm tot. length. fins & melanophores
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum Notes on newly metamorphosed jaw - Ellicott Ponds. June 20. 1/2 mi NW Ellicott Rd, 4 mi W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co, Calif Notes made June 23. SV 46.9 tail 48.7 total 99.6 tiny gill stubs Dorsal ground color - as in orig description. Dorsal markings - fuzzy edged so though not yet consolidated. Dorsal croc color as described. Guanophores - few y scattered between limbs. Root developed on limbs. fading of melamsi mentally. o = guanophage relative abundance. central surf head - dots indicate few scattered guanophores. Belly ~ fine network of melanocytes - in pact contracted state. Color a dark black color. Underside of tail some.
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J. D. Anderson 1958 Amblystoma macrodactylum croceum June 20 1/2 mi. NW Elliott RR Sta, 4mi. W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 newly metamorphosed juv. collected under rotted willow branch ~ 1/2 ft x 10" lying on moist soil in willow thicket. Cl. temp. 16.0°C, temp under branch 16.0°C. Branch lying alongside large, dead willow trunk & near large living willow. Canopy cover 70-80%. 20-30 yds to pondedge from here. 31-may the water was only 8-10 yds from this log. This animal has tiny gill stubs remaining. Dorsal color black with faint pattern elements shown's. Underside light as in larvae. Tail with no trace of fin - much like adult. No defense reaction. Sample of soil from under log taken back to MV 2. 7% H2O determined by wet weight - dry weight. Sample weighted put in oven for 3 hour - reweighed. 30.82% H2O in soil sample. June 20 Valencia Lagoor, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 8 larvae measured in field x = 82.12 mm tot length. June 28 Valencia Lagoor, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 large larva collected with dip net in 6" of water at edge of floating mass of Potamogeton, 10 yds from large clump of tule. Water temp 22.0°C. June 28 1/2 mi NW Elliott RR Sta, 4mi W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 8 newly metamorphosed juveniles collected under rotting willow logs between 60 + 90 ft from edge of receding pond. Ground very dry between logs but sandy loam under the logs was moist, though not as moist as soil.
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J.D. Cenderson 1958 Amblystoma macrodactylum croceum June 28 ½ mi. NW [illegible] Sta. 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. under logs closer to water. Those juveniles must have dispersed on a wet, foggy night!! Soil samples were taken from under logs (for first 7 animals only). Taken back, weighed & dried to determine % moisture in soil. Following percentages recorded Temp data for same animal respectively; air temp. cl temp. temp. under log. 20.4°C 20.0°C 21.0 20.0 20.8 20.0 19.6 19.8 22.4 23.0 22.4 22.0 21.4 21.0 19.2 19.2. Time 3:30 - 4:30 pm. Sky clear, bright sun. Cloudy varied from 5% - 30% but most open. Logs varied from very small - 1ft long, 2" diameter to 9 ft long, 1 ft diameter. In all soil was sandy loam, no vegetation, few roots. Caught 2 shrews under a log 5 ft from a log which produced 2 young croceum. Shrews are S. Most probably a predator. Mole workers under some logs - another likely predator.
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J. D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum July 5 Valencia Lagoor, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 2 newly metamorphosed croceum taken in a thick clump of Tule. Clump so thick that they had to be stamped down in order to work. Very well soaked + moist on bottom. 4" of water were standing in clump on June 28, no standing water now. Soil muddy - water easily squeezed out from it. Salamander taken in a pile of dead Tule stalks. 1 was 3" from bottom of 12" pile. Other was on substrate, 1st had cl. temp. @ 15.8°C, temp of pile 15.5°C. air temp @ 1" above pile (temp & Tule clump) 17.5°C, 1 croceum forced from stomach of a Thamnophis July 5 1/2 mi NW Ellicott Rd Sta, 4 mi W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co, Calif. 6 newly metamorphosed juveniles collected under willow logs & boards in Willow thicket 20-30 ft * from edge & receding Ellicott Pond. Cl. temp recorded below. cl. temp. under log. 16.0 15.8 17.0 16.0 16.0 15.8 15.2 15.2 16.4 { entwined -> 16.8 16.8} Canopy cover 70-80% in all instances.* None was closer from water than 30 ft but 1 which was 60 ft from pond edge. Saw another shrew in here
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum July 5 1/2 mi. NW Ellicott Rd Sta, 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. This week - after seeing two last week, turned over an old RR tie in clearing & caught a mole Scapanus latimanus, another probable predator. Ward Russell tells me Scapanus = relatives Batrachoseps. July 20 1/2 mi. W Ellicott Rd Sta, 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 2 juven. croceum collected from under dead board (11 am PDT) in willow thicket (60-70% canopy cover). Cl. temp 15.8 & 15.6°C. Temp under board 15.8°C. When board was lifted the animals were in contact, one turned around completely and ran at top speed, directly into a small mounded burrow. It has gone 6" into burrow before it was dug out. Burrow ran close to surface 1" + down. Soil sandy loam & quite dry. This was apparently a learned escape route judging by the speed & direction of the parts. 1 juv taken from under a dry, fragmenting log in same willow thicket. 50% canopy cover. It was resting at opening of a burrow with just head protruding. Turned quickly & attempted to race down the burrow. Cl. temp 16.8°C. Soil very dry under log - a dusty layer on surface. Soil in burrow darker with moisture. 2 juvs cl. temp 15.8°C & 15.4 taken from under small willow branches 6" by 2" and 8" x 4". Temp under branches 15.0 & 15.4°C respectively. 1 juv taken from under a large willow log 10 ft x 8". Found at edge of log where there was a moist patch of soil, not dry. Cl. temp 16.7°C.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum Aug 2 'lami. NW. Elliott RR Sta., 4 mi W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co, Calif 6 newly metamorphosed juveniles formed under loose bark of a dead [illegible], fallen willow branch. 21" in diameter. Branch only slightly rotted at the ends. Wood strong but moist and very slightly rotted under bark, not able to break it with hands. Temp under bark 18.6°C. Cl. temps of 4 juveniles collected 19.0, 19.0, 18.5 + 18.2°C. Four Hyla regilla (2) under same piece of bark 8" from croceum. Some bugs prevail also. Croceum have color pattern well developed. Quite active - 2 managed to escape into crevice & under other pieces of bark. Piece pulled off was 26" long x 6" wide. junior collected from under can did not want lie laying in shade of large spreading willow - coming 70-80%. Coming over for drive ( 6 juni) was approx 85%. Saw must almost new shine on this branch - see below Willow leaves over this log. Large drooping branch is tent-like in coverage, other trees near by prevent sun from coming under. Border of shading willow touch ground in most places. The fallen branch itself touches ground for only 1/2 of its length - 12 ft. Spot where salamander was taken is 3" off ground.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum August 2 1/2 mi.NW Ellicott Rd Sta, 1mi.W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz, Calif. 1 juv. collected under dead willow branch 6 ft from edge of port. Branch 6'8
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum Aug. 29 Valencia Sagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 juvenile taken in central Willow thicket at 10:45 am. Cl. temp. 17.5, temp under log 17.0. This individual was taken by picking up a fallen, dead willow branch which had one end embedded to 5" into soil. Salamander then under this rotted end + 5" below surface. Soil moist - could be squeezed into a cast. Soil sample moisture content by drying - wet wt - 29.47%. Canopy cover ca. 80% due to overhanging willow limbs. Dense growth of polygonum 5 ft away at edge of willow cover also provides shade from late afternoon sun, so this spot is almost always shaded. Search of other logs, litter etc was not successful. Aug 29 'Tami' NW Ellis Rd Sta. 4 mile Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 juv. taken under fallen willow log at edge of the willow thicket (see map A area for details). Cl. temp 17.8°C, soil temp. 16.5. Air temp under log 19.0°C. This is the fourth juv. taken from under this log in as many trips. 2nd juv. found by turning flat log at edge of willow thicket (Canopy cover 60%), saw its tail protruding from under a 6" x 5" piece of pea bark on ground under log. Cl. temp. 17.6°C, soil 18.0°C, air 19.4°C. 6 juveniles taken from under a slab of bark peeled from dead willow branch on ground. This is same piece that produced 6 juveniles on August 2. It was carefully replaced at that time. Cl. temp.
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J-D. Anderson 1958 Amblystoma m. croceum Aug 29 1/2 mi. N W. Ellicott RR Sta.; 4 mi. W. Watsonville; Santa Cruz Co.; Calif. of 4 of these: 17.2, 17.2, 17.2, 17.4; Temp under bark 17.0°C. Time 2 pm. Dm. Hyloambus bark also. Another frog taken under an old railroad tie at far eastern end of willow clump. Box tree shaded by 4 small willows - Canopy cover ca 85%. Cl. temp. 18.0, air temp under tie 18.2°C. No other animals, 1 frog taken under large, rotted willow log at same end of clump about 10 yds from last capture. Cl. temp 17.6, temp under 17.5°C. Canopy cover ca 65%. 3 frogs taken inside of this log - all close together in termite woodings. Termites in close association. 2 croceum in bodily contact. Cl. temps of 17.4, 17.4, 17.6°C. Temp in log 17.6°C. The six animals taken under bark - mounted before were all in contact. Time 2:25 pm. 1 large frog taken at night 8:30 pm as it crawled over surface of ground 8" from a fallen log. Cl. temp 15.6, A.T. 1/2" 15.6°C. 10 yds E of the Eucalyptus tree. Ground very dry. Sky clear, stars out, moon (full) just coming up over horizon. Canopy Cover ca 42%. Relative Humidity (Ship's Psychrometer) 94 %. Seems rather high but there were water droplets on grass & water in pond may add to humidity in this pocket. Fog not in yet but large bank of haze just off coast.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum Aug 29 1/2 mi. NW Elliott RR Sta, 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Soil moisture content of 4 specimens taken under logs here today. Def. dry wt. weight - dry weight method in lab. 11.82%; 7.14%; 17.83%; 19.56% Sept 13 1/2 mi. NW Elliott RR Sta, 4mi. W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif 8 juveniles seen under same fallen willow limb described in species account of Aug. 2, 1958. These # 8 all under same piece of bark peeled off the limb. 6 entwined together - 2 separated by an inch or two. The latter recorded Temp under bark 20.0°C. Closest temps recorded: 20.2, 20.2, 20.2, 19.6, 19.6, 19.4. All animals quiet active, but mostly healthy looking. Hydra regilla, sow frogs, & cannja + 1 wood baw's beetle larva seen under bark also. 1 large juvenile taken from under an old RR tie in willow thicket - Canopy Cover 85%, Cl. temp 18.0, temp under tie 18.0°C. Soil sample # 1; [23.80%] moisture, 1 od. # taken from under large willow log 14" in diameter & about 5 ft long. Log embedded 6-8" in sandy soil. Several mammal burrows open under the log. Cl. temp 19.0°C temp under log 19.2°C. Canopy Cover ca 65% at edge of willow thicket. Soil sample # 2 [3.50%] % water. 1 brightly marked fire taken from under a narrow (6" x 9½") piece of willow wood. It was concealed in a small niched just slightly larger than its body. It was covered with dried willow leaves & rootlets. Not found it by probing in the latter. Some rotted wood present also. Cl. temp 19.6, temp in niche 19.6°C. Soil sample # 3 [24.45%].
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J. D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum Sept. 13 1/2 mi. NW Elliott RR Sta., 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif 1 ad. Taken under large rotted willow log 16" diameter, + 6 ft long. Buried 4" in sandy soil. Lots of rotted wood & debris under log. Cl temp. 19.4°C. Termite middle of log. I still tried for one more under RR (first mentioned under this date). It was in a small depression 2 1/2" deep x 3" wide. Depression covered by rotter & some leaves. Did not notice the salamander until it moved. Set it in same place to see if we can locate it next trip. Oct. 11. 1/2 mi. NW. Elliott RR Sta., 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif 2 subadults found under RR tie in willow thicket. Cl temps 15.8 & 16.0°C, temp under tie 16.0°C. One of these is the stub tail'd fin seen & killed in this spot on Sept. 13, 1958 (see sp. acc. Sept. 13). Canary Cow. 7 croceum taken inside a large rotted log at edge of a willow thicket. Log 2 ft diameter - 6 ft long. Buried 3-5" in soil. All (+ 2 which escaped) were entwined in a tight ball in an opening in termite workings. Cl temps as follows: 15.4, 15.4, 16.2, 16.2, 16.0, 16.0; temp in termite excavation 15.8°C. No termites seen in area. I saw Hefa nogella hopped out - not sure whether or not it was in contact with the Ambystoma. 7 (ad?) taken under a large, rotted willow log 14" diameter - 5 ft long. Buried 3" in sandy soil. Canopy (willows) cover ca 70%, Cl temps. 17.0, 17.2°C. temp under log. 17.4°C. A cool, boggy day. Soil sampler taken. RR tie - , above log. lost log - 1 ad & taken under a large
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Ambeloma m. croceum Oct. 11 ½ mi. N.W. Ellicott RR Sta., 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co. willow log 8-6x long, 10" diametr. Buried 5-6" in sandy soil. Salamander headed directly for a small mammal burrow. Cl temp. 18.0°C, Temp under 18.2°C. Omitted note: The stub tail recapture originally taken in a leaf covered depression under the (see 9 Oct Sept 13), was 5" from this depression. Ran directly to that depression & attempted to burrow thru the leaves & [illegible] cover. Oct 18. ½ mi. NW Ellicott RR Sta., 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co. 1 juv., cl temp. 17.8, taken under old RR tie (same one mentioned in previous note). Temp under tree 17.40C. Circled EP#1 marked, RF1; LF1 and released in same spot. Soil sample - δD H₂O = 15.07 1 σ? (ad-subad?), cl temp 18.2 taken under small willow log at edge of clearing, ½ way between large central willow & Eucalyptus tree. Temp under log 18.2°C. Log roots ½ in soil, ½ in moist grass. This individual has st. swollen vent area - may be a σ? or way up (seasonally) for breeding. Tot length 100 mm, SV 48., tail 43 mm. Marked (EP#2) RF1; LF-2 & released. 2 (σ + ?) tadpoles under manure (3" diam.) willow branch lying on ground in willow thicket. Canopy 90%. Many similar logs on ground. σ cl temp 17.0, temp under log 17.4°C. EP#3, RF1; LF3 - Tot lgth 98.5 SV 50.0, tail 44.5. EP#4 (σ), RF1; LF4. Tot length 109.5, SV 52.5, tail 53.0.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum Oct 18. 1/2 mi NW Ellcott RR Sta., 4 mi W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co. Calif. EP #5 taken under small log near end of broken picket fence, lym's parallel to the downed willow. C. Temp 18.0. Total length 94.0, SV 48.5, Tad 42.0. Marked. RF2, LF 1. EP #7 + EP #8 under large rotted log at E edge of clearing. Both apparently ♂♂ with slightly swollen cloacae. C.Temps 18.0 + 17.8. Temp under log 17.8°C. No measurements #7 - RF2, LF2 - #8 RF2, LF3, 3 more taken in the old tamarisk log at E end of willow area. There had c.l temps as follows. 17.4, 17.2 , 17.2°C., Temp under log 17.4°C. All 3 picked in field. Nov 15 1/2 mi NW Ellcott RR Sta., 4 mi W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz S. Crocium collected in the willow grove. Several are adults - 1 a ♂ with moderately swollen cloaca. 1st taken under narrow willow log. C.Temps 9.0+ among 60% 9.4, Temp under log 9.0. Soil sample taken. Next taken under large rotted log at edge of clearing. C.Temp. 10.0; Temp under 11.5°C. 1 taken in an isolated willow clump, under a rotted R.R. tie. C. temp. 11.2, temp under 11.2. Among 80%. This spot only 20 yds from the barn 2 taken under pickets partially buried in soil near remains of an old fence. C. temps 10.5 + 10.4, Tempo under 10.4 + 10.6°C.
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J D. Anderson 1958 Amphistoma macrourum croceum Nov 15 1/2 mi N of Ellicott Rd Sta, 4 mi W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Worked willow area with Coleman lantern between 7:45 pm & 8:30 pm. Sky clear, stars & moon bright. Had been a shower between 6 pm & 6:30 pm. Ground wet but not soaked. Air temp 7° C. Saw no salamander at all on surface despite careful search of entire area. not smelled earlier in day. 2 pm, I ad B collected from under the bktie in clearing at edge of pond. Cl- temp 10.0, temp under log 12.0° C. Salamander was at edge of mole run (fresh). It scented towards the sun when exposed. Towards 4 pm. Hydra regilla under log also. 8:10 pm. Checked under the same bktie 6 hours after capture of B. Another ad. B seen in exact same spot. This has occurred several times during the study here at Ellicott. Nov 15. Valencia Tucson, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Checked our oak woods & willow area during the day. Found nothing. Saw still dry under most logs. Worked Bonita Dr. with Coleman lantern. Began at 5:45 pm - completely dark but sky clear. Wood check was negative. At 6 pm clouds between 1 & 6:10 it began to rain lightly. At 6:20 I saw a m. croceum collected as it crossed road at wood I & H house. Hedded towards woods (due S by compass). Rain stopped at 6:35. 5 other wood checks were negative.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Dec 13 Valencica Lagoon, Rio del Mar + Vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. trace of moisture & all were aggregated. Isopods - though fairly abundant are all in the few remaining moist areas & aggregated in large masses. Saw a few camigns & Cordoid beetles but little else. Caught a mole under a railroad tie - same place where one was taken earlier this year. On Amblystoma lines here but I didn't see it this time. Many Hydra under the tagy tree. Back to Valencica Lagoon at about 3 pm. Tore apart two Woodrat houses near the willow thicket but produced no Amphibio. Worked in the oak wood. Tore apart several large rotted logs. Found two Batrachoseps, 1 a ground &. No Amblystoma. Went to Red Door Inn - local hangout. Bob Flowers, a denizen of the Red Door, and an Amblystoma scout found another pond with Amblystoma possibilities. "Go to center of Aptos & take the road with over head 'Keep Out' sign. Walk 5 mi. into hills. A good pond with willows in a small valley up there". Will check on the next trip.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Dec 13 Valencia Sagoro, Rio del Mar + Elicott, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Calbay at 7:45 am. Drive via Bayshore Freeway, Scotia & Fox Motor to Santa Cruz. Arrived Rio del Mar about 10 am. Made a cursory check of willow area, everything is dust dry here after the prolonged dry autumn. Drive via San Andrea Rd to Sunset Beach State Park to check a pond there. Still water in this one - I suspect it gets water from an irrigation ditch or a hidden stream. No salamander or frogs. Next I drove to a pond site near Aromas (where many T. granulosa were collected in Fall of 1956). Pond is completely dry. The willow grove around there is suggestive of that at "Elicott" but [illegible] considerably more dense. Turned many logs, some had damp soil under, but found nothing - not even a Hygia. Drove back towards the "Elicott" study area. Stopped to get permission from Mr. Edwards (J.W. Edwards 1630 Breauma Vista) who is extremely cooperative and always on the lookout for "the gold rocket devil dog". Went to '1/2 mi NW Elicott RR Sta, 4 mi W Watsonville locality. The area is now drier than I have ever seen it. "Dust dry". Found 1 G.m. croceum under a partially buried board & 8 aggregated under a partially buried large willow log. All of the most productive spots are now much too dry for Ambystoma. Saw very few Hygia. All that more found were under logs with a
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Dec. 27 Rio del Mar & Elliott, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 12 noon with Bob Crupper. Heavy traffic on Bay Bridge & parts of Bayshore Hwy. Arrived in Santa Cruz at 2:30 pm. There had been very heavy rain in Bay area last nite and obviously there had been rain in the Aptos - Rio del Mar Area. Spoke to residents - the rainfall they described did not seem to be as heavy as the Bay Area. This borne out when we checked under trees in the study area, there were dry spots under leafless willows & soil was only wet at surface. Worked under willow areas at Valencia Lagoon & found the soil still very dry under logs. Found nothing. Made quick check in oak woods but as usual found nothing. The one can buried in the woods had an adult E Ensatina in it. Very fresh animal, most likely it had been trapped during last night's rain. There was about '1/2" water in bottom of can - some might be due to runoff. Next drove to Elliott locality - 1/4 mi NW Elliott R RDs, near W L Watassville. We worked here for approx. 2 hour & got P Camlongatoma m croceus from under R Ties, logs etc. The sandy soil here seemed to retain moisture better that that at Valencia. The croceus must have responded to rainfall a little since they were not directly under the surface objects on Dec. 13. Ate supper 5:30-6:10 pm. Dark at 6. Began work with
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Dec 27 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif dawned at Valencia at 6:18 pm. The sky was perfectly clear but the moon had not yet risen. it was a very dark night. Walked the road in usual fashion. 3 checks on Bonita and one up on the hill road. Ensatina eschscholtzii were very abundant; we saw 19 ad + subads. and collected 11 - Total of 30. Collected 1 Aneides lugubris + only 1 Batrachoseps. There were puddles along the road & the soil was quite wet. 7r 1 Amblystoma m. croceum taken on the Hill road check. The usual pattern of croceum emergence - no rain - no or few croceum. Ensatina on the other hand will emerge after the first rains even though it is not actually raining about at night.. Moon rose at 7:20 pm. and the numbers of E Ensatina dropped off. Between 6:18 & 7:20 we saw or collected 26 and between 7:20 & 8 pm saw only 4. Moon was full & very bright. Left the area soon after 8. After getting the car we left Santa Cruz at 8:30 driving in Berkeley Hills after 10:30. Took RX 18 17 on return trip. The new stretch of freeway from San Jose to Oakland make it a fast trip.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Journal Jan. 5 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar and vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Albany at 12:30 pm. Has been raining pretty steadily here since 11 pm last night. Heavy rain all way down. Drived Valencia at 2:30 pm. Steady rain. Checked the willow area, turning logs + raking leaf litter. Soil moist now, leaf litter soaked. Found nothing. Worked a little in oak woods but got just 1 B atrachops. Bonita Dr. is full of large puddles. Water running off hills into pond area at a rapid rate. No water as yet in pond but at present rate it wont take long. Drove over to 1/2 mi. NW Elliott Rd Sta., 4 mi. W Watsonville. Checked from car. There is water in pond area here. The furrows (former ploughed areas) are filled + a small, shallow pond is present at both end 110yds x 20 yds. If rain persists breeding activities will begin shortly. Drove to Edwards ranch to check with owner for night work. He said rain began after midnite & has been steady since then. Ate supper 1st 4:15-4:35. At 4:45 pm with very little light I checked Bonita Dr in driving rain. No salamanders. 2nd Next check 5:30 - 5:50 pm.- very dark; heavy during rain. Saw 15 Hybla regilla - mostly juveniles. Collected 1 juv. A.m. croceum. 3rd 5:55-6:25. Condition as above, rain heavier. Saw another 15 Hybla. Got 5 croceum. All fouriing pond. 4th 6:30 - 6:55.- rain slackened slightly. Saw 8 Hybla regilla + 1 Ensatina eschscholtzii.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal Jan 5 Valencia Lagoos, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. yrd - 7 8" Coccinum all from pond. After this check I decided to try draining the pool near "Elliott Pond", since it is raining hard & tigrinum might come out. 3 trips - each of approx 3/4 mile near the Elliott locality produced 12 jrs. Tigrinum time 7:15-8:20. Saw approx. same number not collected. Most were moving away from pond but not as clean cut as with coccinum at Valencia. 8:25-8:50 - Drove to pond near beach in Sunset Beach State Park. However, woods were flooded 1/4 or so m' either side of pond so no check could be made. Returned to Elliott at 8:50 & made a check of willow area 8:50-9:35. Saw no salamanders. Torrents of water must have poured thru willow area. Logs were rolled, channels cut & much silt deposited. Checked pond area & all around it - results all negative. Still raining steadily. Cell furrows are filled & pond is now 25 yds x 15 yds. Drove back to Valencia, raining hard again: made two checks on Bonita between 9:45 & 10:30 pm got 4 8" + 2 4". All from pond. Left for home at 11:45 arrived MVZ 1:45 am. Notes omitted - Saw 1 Didelphis in willow tree at Elliott. A Fox was seen near willows also - 9:30 pm. Possible Predators.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal Jan. 10 Valencia lagoon, Rio del Mar & vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left MVZ 10:30 am with Steve Lynch. Drove to Sunnyvale & ate lunch with Steve's parents. Out to Rio del Mar, arriving at 2 pm. Sky cloudy, had rained on Jan. 9. No rain now but weather forecast had predicted it for tonight. Checked the can loured in oak woods near parking area - contained 1 ? Ambylostoma m. crotonum and 3 drowned Ensatina. Everything very wet now. There was no water in pond area on Monday, Jan. 5 but now it is filled almost to capacity. Water extends from willows on east to the small isolated willow on west - just a few yards short of maximum size of last year. Worked all around edge of pond looking for eggs but found none. The water is very muddy & visibilty is poor. Used dip net along fringes but found nothing. At approx. 3:15 we drove towards the Elliott locality. Stopped at the small tigrinum pond near Elliot - 1 mi NW Elliot RR Sta., 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Checked under logs & boards here for tigrinum but were not successful. There is a little water in this pond - approx 12 yd x 8 yd + about 2-5
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal Jan. 10 Valencia/Sagan, Rio del Mar vicinity, Santa Cruz Co. Calif. very muddy. Set out 12 funnel traps in water at 4:15 pm. Used a grid, 4 lines of 3 traps. Traps in a line 8-10 yds apart & the lines 5 yds apart. First line 15yds from shore & in 4" of water. Just line 35yds from shore in 8" of water. After setting traps we worked the willow area turning logs. With hose soared thru here in place cutting channels & turning logs. Silt deposited on way. Found salamander away from these places. Most were in the woodpile under the large willow near the barn. Got 10 A. m. croceum. Adult Hyla regilla everywhere under boards & logs. Saw a glasswing pair under one log. Saprob very abundant. Saw more crickets & Jerusalem Crickets than on previous trips. Earthworms very common. Ate supper in car & returned to Valencia at dusk. Began walking Bonita Dr. at 6:30 pm. 1st trip - 6:30 - 6:50 pm. Fair mist-like rain. Stars showing dearly. 3 Hyla & 1 ♂ Ensatina on road. 2nd trip 6:50-7:10. Conditions #1. 4 Hyla, 1 Ensatina & 1 ♂ A. m. croceum 3rd 7:15-7:40 - 4 Hyla - no salamanders - no rain - sun shining brightly. 4th 7:40-8:15. 2 Ensatina, 5 Hyla, 1 ♀ A. m. croceum no rain. Checked edges of pond also on this trip. But water is too muddy to see any distance at all. Sky cloudy again but no rain falling.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal Jan 10 Valencia Sagon vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Hyla regilla chorusing in the lagoon. More ♂ Hyla than I have ever seen or heard. The extremely successful year last year must be making itself felt. Left here at 8:25 & drove to "Ellicott Pond". Worked in the willows for salamanders on surface but found none. Checked edges of pond but again cloudy water makes viewing impossible. Checked the trap grid but could catch absolutely nothing. The Hyla chorus here is fantastic. Actually hurts the ears. Surface of water looks like it is covered with bellies - vocal pairs of singers ♂ Hyla. Be Caught 2 long, anaura & saw 2 others. Can only hear the hane a few yards away- drowned out by Hyla. Left "Ellicott Pond" at 9:20. Went to "New Tiger Pond" 1mi NW Ellicott RR Sta., 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., which was noted earlier in day. A very large chorus of Hyla going here also. Again saw almost all ♂ ♂- only 2 clasping pairs. and 2 enclosed ♀♀. Saw & collected 1A. lignium quickly, saw 4 others - all large ♂ ♂ within a foot of each other & a 5th several gards away. Collected 4 ♂ ♂♂. Spent some more time looking for more lignium and left at 10:30 pm. Drove back to Valencia & made one more road check 12:40 - 11:00 pm Met 1 f A.m. circum & saw 5 Hyla. Left about 11:30 pm & arrived home about 2 am.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal Jan 21 Valencia Sagoon, Rio del Mar vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 8:30 am with P. Crippen. Drove to Santa Cruz via Rt 17. Short stop for photo equipment in San Jose. Arrived Rio del Mar at 10:45. Pond still at maximum size. Shoots of Eleocharis comes up at edge - not yet tall enough to come above surface of water. Polygonum not grown's as yet. Worked N end of pond for Ambystoma eggs. Found them in fair number (see sp. accounts A.m. microsum for details). Checked entire N. half of the pond & found eggs in shallow water whereas there was a clump of Eleocharis. Checked around Polygonum but saw no eggs attached to it though 2 yards from clumps of Polygonum there were many eggs on Eleocharis. Next drove to "Tiger Pond", 1mi N W Ellicott Rd Sta, Ymca: W Watsonville. The small pond (see Jan 10 note) was completely dry. That is other was no standing water, some 2 puddles less than 1ft across. Any holes dug into substrate filled with water, so it won't take much to re-fill this pond. Hyla regilla had bred while there was water and hundreds of egg masses were destroyed when pond dried. It will be interesting to follow this pond thru the season to see what effect this premature breeding has on populations of Hyla and Ambystoma tigrinum. Drove to "Ellicott Pond" next. Worked around edge & picked up about 20 eggs of Ambystoma. Hyla masses quite abundant. Water very smelly here. No sign of adult or larvae. Vegetation just beginning.
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J. D. Anderson 1959 Journal Jan 21 Valencia Lagoons, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Sprouts of Eleocharis coming up in shallow water along edges. Not so tall enough to protrude above surface of water. Returned to Valencia at 4 pm & collected a series of grocer eggs between then & dark. After dark checked the funnel traps (set out at 1 pm) at 4 pm - nothing caught. After dark 6:30-8:30 checked edges of pond (& deeper grass) for active Embryotoma with no luck. Water much too cloudy for decent observations - impossible to see bottom in most places. Water temp 8 pm 9.5° C. Drove to "Tiger Pond" just for a check - nothing. Then to Ellicott - no salamanders. Spent some time photographing Hyla regilla & Rana aurora. Hyla chrysos has dropped way off but Rana aurora going in a very strong chorus. Returned to Valencia at 9:30 - checked traps & pulled them in - no luck. One further check around edges produced nothing. Hyla chrysos here very weak - water temp 9.6° C now. Bright nearly full moon shines quite a lot of light. No Rana californis, yet I know they are here. Left for home 10:30 pm. Took RX 17 all way - arrived Berkeley 12:15 am. Excellent time on this route.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal Feb. 14 Valonia Lagoon, Rio del Mar vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left MV2 about 8:10 am. Drove via Bayside Freeway, Hwy Rte 9/17 to Santa Cruz, then south on Rt 1 to Rio del Mar. Worked Valonia Lagoon with dip net until 1 pm. Hoped to find small horse but got only 1 nearly hatched larvae + many eggs which are close to hatching. Eggs are in shallower parts of pond near living dead Eleotharus stalks, as is usual. Very few tadpoles seen. Only Hyla regilla + these all tiny, newly hatched larvae. Fresh Hyla eggs seen, though most were in late stages - hatching. Ostracods fantastically abundant. Did not see any fairy shrimp. Drove to New Tiger Pond next (1 mi. N W Ellicott Rd Sta, 4mi. W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif.). This pond had filled prematurely in early Jan. + had ad. tigrinum in it on Jan. It was completely dry on Jan 21 + Jan 24. But is now full to max capacity - result of recent rains. Worked this pond from 1:30 - 2:30 pm. Got fresh A. tigrinum eggs along margins of pond. Many H. regilla eggs mature - all fresh - only cleavage to telotula. As usual no adult tigrinum were taken during day despite turning all banks etc in the cup + dragging bottom of pond with net. Drove to Ellicott Pond - 1/2 mi. N W Ellicott Rd Sta, 4mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Water was muddy here. Worked all along edges for larvae of A. m. croceum + A. tigrinum. Got only 4 very small tigrinum larvae. Did not see
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal Feb. 14 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, vicinity Santa Cruz Ca., Calif. every - but recent rain + runoff makes water so muddy that it is impossible to see even 1" into water. 1 hour dip netting = 4 tigerium larvae. Saw + collected some small Hydra tadpoles + some newly hatched Rana aurora tadpoles. Worked the willow area turning logs - got 6 adult G. m. croceum. At 4:30 returned to Valencia Lagoon + worked Oak Woods turning logs for 3/4 hour. Saw 5-6 Butrachoepe + 1 Ensatina. Ate supper with Chuck Hayes in Rio del Mar. Returned to Valencia at 7:45 pm + walked wood with Coleman Benton 8 - 9:30 pm. Got 2 ad O'croceum moving from breeding pond towards oak woods. Sky cloudy, no rain. Rel. Humidity 92%. Drove to see the "New Tiger Pond" + worked it until 10:45. No lurb. H. regilla in strong chorus. Many clear's pairs seen. No tiger salamanders. Left for home at 11:30 pm. Arrived Albany about 1:30 pm.
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E.D. Anderson 1959 Journal Mar. 1 Valencia Sagoon, Rio del Mar vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Berkeley at 7:15 am. Drove via Rt 17 to San Yzaba - Santa Cruz - then on Rt 1 to Rio del Mar. Arrived 9:10 am. Worked edges of pond with dip net to check for larvae. Got about 20 very tiny crocean larvae. Very few Tadpoles taken as yet. Anacita blooming - Ostracoda particularly abundant. Eleochanis has not come up very much. Recent rainfall may be responsible. Eleochanis usually comes in least as water level drops. Hyla regilla eggs massed is abundant - early stage to hatching. Worked here 1/2 hrs, then drove to "New Tiger Pond"- Loc: NW Ellciff RR line, 4 mi W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Worked all around pond - now maximum size. Got A. tigrinum eggs easily. No larvae as yet, though many eggs approach hatching. H. regilla eggs in abundance. 11:45 am. Drove to see Mr. Jack Edwards - owner of the "Ellciff Pond" property. He had 2 A. m. crocean, 1 A. tigrinum & 4 Cnemidophorus formosus. Calia Cambabona - Devil Dog; Cnemidophorus - ground lizard. After lunch I returned to "Ellciff Pond". Worked most of afternoon with dip net - no luck. Water is deep - slight flood conditions, larvae are small & tough to net.: nothing. Got 7 adults by working in willow grove turning logs. After supper worked Ellciff area with Coleman lamps - got nothing. Left about 9 pm. Home about 11.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal March 30 Valencia Sagoon, R'del Mar, Santa Cruz Co, Calif. (+ vicinity) Left Albany at 7:40 am with R.E. Graham. Drove via Rt.17 to Fox Gulch & then crossed across Santa Cruz Mtns. Stopped to check a pond in Scott's valley near the intersection of Rt.17 and Granite Creek Rd. Time 9:35am. Slight, cold rain falling. Saw 5 Rana aurora around margin of pond, one adult collected. Water Temp 15.0°C. Many larvae of Hyla regilla & R. aurora seen. Drove to Santa Cruz & then south to R's del Mar on Hwy 1. Began larval work at 10:30 am. Still raining lightly. Dib & \ collected about 40 Ambystoma m. maculatum larvae. Most taken at edges of Potamogeton clumps & Eleocharis clumps. Depth of water 6-10", temp of water 13.0 - 13.5°C. Hyla tadpoles very numerous, Rana aurora common but not like Hyla. Stopped chip-net work at 11:35 am. Ate lunch and drove to 1\1/2 mi. NW Ellicott RR Sta. 4 mi. W. Watsonville Santa Cruz Co., Calif... worked there a woodpile hole. Rain stopped now, sky overcast. Collected 1 large adult Kerodonotus multincarinatus and 1 jew. 3 S. accidentalis taken also. Stopped next at the "Tiger Pond" - 1 mi. NW Ellicott RR Sta. 4 mi. W. Watsonville. This pond has gone down in water level & area. Deepest part 5". Temp of water 4" deep - 19.5°C. Sky overcast. Very few Hyla larvae in water. A careful check of the entire pond produced no Ambystoma Judging from the water level & temperature I suspect that the recent warm spell - mid-march may
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal March 30 Valencia Sagoon and vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Have wiped out the larval population. The water is shallow enough + exposed to a full day's sunlight so it heats up rapidly. At any rate the pond looks as though it will soon dry up so whether the temp. is most important is academic - this year at least. Three Dama aurora were collected from under boards near the edge of the pond. 1 Hyla regilla taken under a board 20 yds from the pond. Drive to Ellicott Pond - 1/2 mi. NW Ellicott RR Sta., 4 mi. W. Watsonville. Began work with dip nets at 1:30 pm. Worked 1 1/2 hrs (both of us) making a complete circuit of the pond. Got just 1 Amblystoma m., croceum larvae. Cannot understand this since these are usually abundant this time of year. The Eleocharis seems to be behind in development - it is best place to look for Amblystoma. But they must be somewhere. Worked for 1 hour turning willow logs in the willow clump. Got 9 adult croceum and 1 Hyla regilla. We next drove out the road from Ellicott towards Watsonville. A series of Batrachoseps alternatus taken in a willow gully 1 mi. E. Ellicott RR Sta. Drive on to Watsonville then east on the south side of the Pajaro River + worked the small pond 1 mi. SW Azores, Monterey Co. Found nothing in the amphibian holes. The snails were not to be found. The pond is 2/3 surrounded by willows. Snail fauna is quite different from that at Valencia Sagoon or the Ellicott Pond. Dick Graham collected a.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal March 30 Valencia Lagoons and vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. series from here & Ellicott to take to Allan Smith at Calif. Acad. Sciencs for identification. Left this locality at 5:00 pm & drove towards Santa Cruz. Ate supper on way. Took turnoff at hi's del Mar towards Aptos. In center of Aptos we took the (only?) road east out of town. Drove along Valencia creek for three miles. Most of way we drove thru good Redwood forest. 3 mi. N.E. Aptos the road makes a sharp U turn & crosses Valencia creek. We stopped here and checked the creek for newts. Ideal habitat - much like coastal Mendocino county. Finding mother's I worked up a small trickle about 30 yds above the creek. It ran down through a well shaded, moist Redwood grove. Two large Dicamptodon ensatus (tiny) taken in this trickle. 12" wide at widest, 4" at narrowest. One back to Valencia for road checks with coloman lantern. Clear, crisp streams, bright stars etc. Began checks at 7:30 pm. 2 checks (4 trips) on Bonita Rd; 1 on Hill Rd. No Ambystoma but we got 2 Ensatina and 3 Hyla regilla.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal April 12 Valencia Sagoon, Rio del Mar and vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Left Albany Village at 7:20 am with Steve Lynch. Drove in a Eastshore Freeway to San Jose, then Rt 9 to Santa Cruz. Hwy 1 to Rio del Mar. Worked Valencia Sagoon for larvae, collecting 30 in about 1 hour of dip netting. Fog present - did not lift until 11:00 am. The pond has dried considerably since March 30. The west end of the pond has receded 8-10 yards. The good Eleocharis areas are almost dry. The water level has dropped 6" or so. Pond will dry by May at this rate unless there is more rain. Larvae now are concentrated about clumps of Polygonum with water 1-3" deep at least in Eleocharis mats usually fragmented. We worked out in deeper water - 15-20" deep but got only 2 larvae. Water still murky from silt & difficult to see into. 2 pairs of Mallows, 1 pair Cinnamon Teal + a single coot seen on pond. This is first time I've seen Cinnamon Teal at Valencia. Left Valencia at 11:15 to head towards Ellicott. Picked up 2 Coluber constrictor morrison + 1 Psitrophis coterifer under boards at SE end of pond area. Drove to the Liger Pond 1 mi NW Ellicott RR Sta, 4 mi W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Found it completely dry - all amphibians failed to make it through the aquatic stages. Next drove to "Ellicott Pond" and worked it 1/4 hr for larvae. Got just 2 Cymbistoma m. creemum larvae. Turned logs in willow clump & got 2 adult creemum. Ate lunch at 2:15 pm and spent rest of afternoon snake hunting about 1 mi NW Ellicott RR Sta. Got
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Journal April 12 Valencia Fazon vicinity, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 Lithophis californica (large) crossing the small paved farm road, 1 gmv. Lamprephelia setodes, 1 Sceloporus occidentalis + 5 Gerhontus multicincta. at 5 pm drove thru Aptos + took Valencia road along Valencia creek to road-wood canyon behind Leptos. Found good Dicamptodon habitat but were unable to hit them or anything else. Left about 7:30 pm + drove home via Sunnyvale - Alviso - Eastshore Freeway.
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J.D. Anderson 1960 Journal Feb 3 Valencia Lagoons, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., California Left MV2 at 4 pm with C. Thaler, D. McGinnis & T. Papenfuss. Drive via Rt 17 to Santa Cruz, then by Rt. 1 to Rio del Mar. Rained most of day in Berkeley. Sky overcast in Santa Cruz, ground very wet but no rain. Began working Bonita Pond with Coleman Lanterman at 6:45 pm. No salamanders active - no rain. Hyla regilla chorus # at maximum intensity. At 7:05 we found one gravid & A. m. croceum at west end of pond, in grassy area just about to enter pond. Checked edge of pond for eggs but none were seen. Thaler & I worked Bonita Rd. zone more while McGinnis & Papenfuss toured upper road. They found 1 Onecider lugubris. We found 1 Onecider lugubris, 1 Ensatina eschscholtzi and 1 gravid & A. m. croceum on the sandy road. Worked pond edge again & picked up a large series of Hyla regilla. At 9:15 pm we drove to the Tigrinum locality, 1 mile N.W. Ellicott Rd Sta., 4 mi. W. Watsonville. Here picked up 1 large ad. O. A. tigrinum. Vast region smaller for breeding. None others seen. H. regilla in chorus & common. Heard Screch Owl calling here. Next drove to Ellicott Pond. Worked entire edge of pond but saw no salamanders, the water
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J.D. Anderson 1960 Journal Feb. 3 Valencia Sagon, Ellicott + Trinity Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Been very murky with n/t. Hyla chorus debaring. Pana aurora in full chorus. Picked up 2 J R. aurora . D. McDinni got 1 gravid & croceum under log in willow thicket . No other activity so we left here at 10:35 pm. Heard 8 Horned Owl talking 100+ yard from pond. Went back to Tigrinum pond, checked thoroughly but no avail. Driving back towards Valencia Sagon to San Andreas Rd. We picked up 1 Ensatina, 1 young Thomson's Lotta + 1 opossum. Back at Valencia Sagon - 11:00pm. Worked entire length of Bonita Road once and then departed. Stopped in Santa Cruz for coffee, then home. Arrive MVZ 1:55 am.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma macrodactylum cereum Dec 13 ½ mi. N W Elliott Rl Sta., 4 mi. W Waterville, Santa Cruz Co. 1 ♂ collected from under small board partly buried in sandy soil of a willow thicket. Board buried about 2". cl. temp. 15.6°C; soil temp. 14.8; air temp (under board) 16.0°C. Surface soil is extremely dry now. Most small logs & boards on surface retain little or no moisture under them. Frogs, lizards and Ambystoma found only where logs are partly buried. 10 cereum seen (8 collected) under a large, partly buried willow log (12 ft x 1 ft). Log buried ca 4 to 4'1/2". Difficult to move. All salamanders were in a loosely coiled aggregation near the center of the log. Temp under log 15.0°C. Closeal temps & records: 14.0, 14.0, 13.8, 13.8, 13.6, 14.2°C. Soil quite damp here compared to most other spots investigated. A mole burrow (tunnel) open at top in places near down mid line of log impression. 6 of the 8 went into this almost instantly. 2 were never recovered. Several appear to be ♂♂ coming into breeding (vents slightly swollen). The log under which the aggregation was found was well sealed into soil, very difficult to move. Provide quiet close-to-surface habitat in entire area. Mole workings very abundant; probably many cereum make use of these & other mammal workings.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma macrodactylum croceum Dec. 27 1/2 mi. NW Elliott RR Sta., 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Worked in the willow clumps bordering "Elliott Pond" for 1 3/4 hrs. Collected 8 specimens, under logs & boards. 1st ad. ♂ cl. temp. 12.6°, temp. under log 13.0°C. Taken under old RR tie, embedded ca 1/2" in sandy soil. Many isopods ( ) under log. This spot in SE most corner of willow clump. Canopy cover ca 70-75%. 2nd ♂ at temp. 14.0°, temp. under board 14.2°C. Under flat board in same willow clump as above, 3rd ♀ cl. temp. 13.6°C, temp. under tie 14.4°C. Under more covered RR tie near wood pile at E end willow thicket. Canopy cover ca 65%. 3 more under boards in same area as #3. Cl. temps 13.6°, 12.6°, 14.0°C, temp. under cover 14.0°, 13.5° & 14.0°. 7 more taken under large willow log ca 12' long (see notes Dec 13 for details). Isopods very abundant under all boards in area. Saw only few gir - Hyla regilla - those looked dried out & quite thin. One or two carabid beetles & 1 Jerusalem cricket made up total animal life. The rainy date has not brought about any great resurgence of animal life - though the croceum have responded some. On Dec 13 I collected 8 here but they were all together under a particularly buried large willow log & none were to be found under logs & ties as in out + today.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum Dec 27. Valencia Canyon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Is., Calif. Worked willow areas + oak woods during early afternoon but was unable to connect on croceum. Walked Bonta Rd + Hill fld between 6:15 pm & 8:05 pm with Coleman lantern. Dark night, but clear. Moon (full) rose about 7:20 pm. Rained the previous night. Many puddles or roads. Got just 1 croceum at 7:15 pm on hill road where it takes sharp turn. Cl. temp 9.2, temp '1/4
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Amblyomma m. croceum Jan. 5 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Collected a total of 19 croceum by walking around Dr. between 5:30 & 6:55 pm & again between 9:45 & 10:30 pm. Coll made up of 2 juveniles, 2 ♀♀ + 15 ♂♂, all but 1 juv. were moving from the woods towards the pond. David had all the while. Road full of large puddles & small, running rivulets. Both ♀♀ taken between 10:05 & 10:30 pm. A. temps as follow (temp 'ly' in parens) juv - 9.8(9.5) & 9.2(9.2). ♀♀ - 8.6(9.0) & 9.0(9.0) ♂♂ - 9.2(9.2); 9.2(9.2), 8.6(9.0), 9.0(9.0), 9.4(9.2), 9.2(9.2), 9.0(9.2), 8.2(8.6) 8.6(9.0), 8.6(9.0), 8.8(9.2), 9.6(9.6), 9.0(9.0), 8.4(8.6), 9.0(9.2). #5. 4:45-5:15 - walking 5:30-5:50 - 15 Hylla; 1 croceum (juv) 5:55-6:25 - 15 Hylla; 5 croceum (1 juv, 4 ♂♂) 6:30-6:55 - 8 Hylla; 7 croceum; 1 Ensating 9:45-10:30 - 10 Hylla; 6 croceum, 1 Ensating ↓ 2 trips. ↓ 4 ♂♂, 2 ♀♀ all males had tremendously enlarged cloacal regions, elongate tail pin & lead to dull, slick look about them.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 2 Ambystoma m. croceum Jan 10 1/2 mi. NW Elliott RR Sta., 4 mi. W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 10 collected under logs & boards between 4 pm & 5:30 pm. Almost all look near last sprawling willow closest to the barn. Most appear to be ?♀ ground or slightly enlarged. A torrent of runoff water apparently rushed thru much of this willow grove during one of the last heavy rains. It cut channels, deposited silt & rolled many logs. Soil muddy in that area. No salamanders found there but only where logs were untouched by running water. cl. temps recorded on this cloudy but warm day: 15.8, 16.2, 15.8, 15.0, 15.0, 14.1, 14.6, 14.6, 15.8, 14.8 ; temps (in order) under cover 15.0, 15.8, 15.8, 15.0, 15.0, 14.4, 15.0, 14.6, 16.0, 15.6. Hydra regilla adult under most logs. No other salamanders. Jan 10 Valencia Sagoson, Rio del May, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 1 ad ? (ground) taken from 5 gallon can sunk in ground in oak woods near edge of pond. Had checked can for 5 when it was empty. 3 choronal Eucratie + 2 millipede in can also. 1 ad ? taken at 6:35 pm crossing Bonita Rd in a fine mist-like rain. cl. temp 13.8, temp 1/4" above road 14.0°C. Forest pond from woods. 8:15 pm. 1♀ taken as it crossed Bonita Rd. cl. temp 13.0, 1/4" 13.0°C. Fromig Pond, from woods. 11pm - 1♀ oz above, cl. temp 13.0, 1/4" 13.0°C. No rain for ?♀ but everything appearing wet + sky cloudy, as between showers.
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J.D. Anderson 1859 6 Ambystoma m. croceum Feb. 14 "2 mi. W Ellc[ott] Rd Sta, near W Watsonville Santa Cruz Co. Calif. 6 tad collected under willow logs in willow grove at edge of "Ellcott Pond", Cl. temps as follows: 9.6, 12.0, 10.8, 10.8, 10.2, 12.5. Temps under logs . 11.0, 11.0, 10.8, 10.8, 10.2, 12.5. On the 16th the soil temp "14" deep registered 9.6°C same as cloacal temp. 1 adult was taken from 3" w/ a mole run way. The burrow opened under center of log for 8". Salamander was coiled on bottom of burrow when it was slightly widened - almost twice normal width of burrow. Exposed the salamander by turning top off the burrow. SS # 4 from burrow. March 1. Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co. Calif. a series of small larvae collected in shallow area at south- ward end of pond. Found very close to areas of egg deposition - among + between clumps of dead Eleocharis stalks where most of the eggs were found. Working with dip net the larvae were taken in groups - probably indicates that they remain close to hatching sites for awhile. Many still retained balancers. Data recorded as follows: no. larvae Depth temp. capture temp surface 7 11" 10.0 13.0 2 10" 10.2 12.4 3 9" 11.2 13.0 3 10" 11.4 12.4 Bright, sunny & warm. Air temp ca 72°F.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Ambystoma m. croceum Mar. 1 1/2 mi. N.W. Ellcott RR tie, 4mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Cal. Tads taken under old RR ties, willow logs, wood piles etc. Temp data recorded: cl. temp. temp. under 14.6 14.6 21.0 21.0 13.8 14.0 13.8 13.6 14.4 15.0 14.8 14.8 1st adult was under dead willow branch, 6" diameter x 4 ft long lying partially imbedded in moist soil. The salamanader was lying at the edge of a burrow - tail v well exposed in burrow. Center's 1/3 of body facing out very exposed. As soon as log was lifted it turned rapidly & escaped into burrow. I dug immediately but did not catch the croceum until I had torn out 6" of the burrow. Burrow 1 1/2" in diameter - From entrance it went down 3 1/4" & then ran parallel to surface along length of the log. Soil compacted & very moist (SS #1 - 9s). Almost surely the salamander's burrow (built by ??). 2nd ad. Taken from a deep fissure in underside of an old RR tie. Turned tie & checked up in fissure which extended 3" into wood, was 8" long, 3/4" wide. Actually widened towards interior to ca 1 1/2". Soil dry in there. The croceum was coiled & well protected. Cl. temp was 20°C. The tie is exposed to sun so it may be too "hot" a spot for a summer retreat.
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ambystoma m. croceum March 1 1/2 mi NW Ellicott RR Sta, 4 mi W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co, Calif Renaud's tenebris under large logs. I have now under a pile of old fence pickets with an adult Geneices lugubris - first time I've seen the two together. 1 saw Geneices seen nearby. Soil samples taken at copse - March 30. Valencia lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co, Calif. Series of larvae taken at the NW end of the pond using long handled dip nets. As usual best success resulted from working in water 6 - 12" deep near clumps of vegetation with some open water surrounding the clumps. Had least results I've given had working near clumps of Potamogeton. This may be because the Ellobiaria is later in getting's started. Thermal data: temps recorded for 14 minute ranged between 13.0 + 13.5° C. Time 10:30 - 11:30 am. Light rain falling, by dark with heavy clouds. Ostracoda in tremendous numbers; Rotatoria & Copepods common but not yet at pond; no ; Conchostraca present but not numerous. Hyla x long tadpoles very abundant. seem to be more Ambystoma larvae than in previous years. March 30 1/2 mi NW Ellicott RR Sta, 4mi W Watsonville Santa Cruz Co, Calif Worked fringes of Ellicott Pond for almost two hours with R. Graham. Dip netted all around the pond & took only 1 larvae (A. m. croceum). Don't quite understand why since conditions seem ideal.
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Anderson 1959 Ambystoma m. croceum March 30 Lemi NW Ellicott RR Sta, 4 mi W Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co, Calif Collected 9 adults under logs, boards, R.R ties \nfallen willow branches in willow grove edge of Ellicott Pond. Thermal data: d. temp - 16.0, 12.7, 13.8, 13.0, 13.0, 12.0, 14.4, 13.0 °C; temperature logs (under) - 16.0, 13.0, 15.0, 13.6, 13.4, 12.2, 14.6 and 13.0 °C. Soil samples taken on each occasion. Two interesting retreats found. 1 under an old willow branch about 3" in diameter, 2 1/2 ft long, embedded about 1" in the soil. About trailing down the branch there was an opening 1 1/2" in diameter which led into a courtly 1" in width & 4" long running under the big branch. The salamander was coiled in a small chamber 3" wide at the end of the courtly. view from above diagrammatic cutaway 13.6° C in courtly. salamander. The other were under a series of 3 flat boards partially embedded in soil. First - about 20" long, 8" wide & 1" thick rested on surface & covered other two. The oth two lay side by side separated by 1". One was 3" thick, 12" long & 4" wide - other about same. One was completely covered by soil; othr 1/2" x 2222 leaves & litter. x = salamander chamber & burrow system.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 10 Amblystoma m. croceum April 12 Valencia Fagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Collected 30 larvae at NW end of pond area, using dip net. Cell in shallow (6-10") water & near clumps of Eleocharis & Polygonum. By working up to a clump of Polygonum through open water and then sweeping net into the clump it is possible to catch 3 or 4 larvae per sweep. They do use clumps for hiding place & forage out from there for feeding. Temp recorded 6 larvae at 16.0°-15.5°C, 5 at 15°C. No temp data recorded for remainder at time of capture but all temps ranged from taken in the area ranged from 14.5° - 16.0°C. April 12 ½am: NW Elliscot Rd Sto., Ymri. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 2 larvae taken in 8" of water in Elliscot Pond. Temp recorded: 21.0°C, 22.5°C. Worked pond for 1½ hrs - 2 persons - but got only the 2 larvae + no tigrinum larvae. Hydr tadpoles very abundant. Larva canorus tadpoles common. 2 adults taken from under willow logs in the willow thicket adjacent to the pond. 1 & cl. temp 14.6°C. Both animals very sleek & well fed. Canopy cover on 75% & 85% for this two. Soil sample taken for me. The other rested on decaying leaves & rotting wood. May 17 Valencia Fagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Series of 26 larvae taken in central area of pond. Rest of pond dried up. Water remains only in front of large central willow area.
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J.D. Anderson 1959 Ambyloma m. croceum May 17 Valencia Lagoon, Rio del Mar, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Janus cell taken in or near large clumps of Potamogeton. Bottom muddy - no Eleocharis growing here. Temps recorded - 8 larvae at 17.4°C. 2 larvae at 18.0°C, 10 larvae at 17.0°C. Conchostraca, Notomatida, Eorixids, ostracods quite abundant. 1 larva in process of loosing gills, lost all good larvae. Dora aurora & Hydra rajella not transforming. Small newly transformed H.rajella thick at edges of pond amongst Eleocharis. Day cloudy & overcast. May 17 4mi.NW Ellicott R.R.Sta., 4mi.W.Waterville, Santa Cruz Co., Calif 3 adults collected under logs in willow thicket. 1 found in a cavity - obviously fashioned for itself under a log 3ft long x 6" diameter. cavity 4" from ground level, at side of log in a clump of dirt. Three 3 sides formed by dirt, one by log. Under a spreading willow, about 80% canopy cover & probably some all day long. Salamandra coiled up. moist dirt willow log. salamandra cavity long root, log gave 2" salamandra
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J.D. Anderson 1958 Ensatina eschscholtzii Dec 27 Valencia Lagoon, Hotel Mar, Santa Cruz Co, Calif 30 specimens seen on sandy road starting the edge of the pond area & running thru the oak woods. 10 of these collected. Walked the roads between 6:15 pm & 8:05 pm with a Coleman lantern. Cl temp of 2 collected specimens 7.8°C & 9.6°C. Air temp '1/2" above road 8.2°C. Almost all of the ensatines were very thin. Skins [illegible] were moist & appeared in good shape so apparently the rain of Dec 26 have helped them in this respect. 1 specimen was taken in can trap #2 at 3 pm, probably dropped in during the rain last night. Jan.
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Amphistoma m. croceum Dec. 8 1/2 mi. NW. Ellicott Rd Sta, 4 mi. W. Watsonville, Santa Cruz Co. Calif 11 collected under R.R. ties + willow logs in willow thicket S of pond area. Despite long dry spell there is [illegible] a little water in the pond and soil is moist under larger, partly sunken logs. 2 FF had slightly swollen vent regions + elongated tails - not prime breeding condition however. D. Temps of 12.2 + 12.6°C recorded. Soil temp 12.6 in both instances. One badly damaged animal collected. Had all but 1/2" of tail missing & left side near hind leg torn open with mildest torn & protruding. Damage had taken place several hours earlier. Animal alive but barely able to move. No indication of cause. Isopods, crickets + slugs abundant under logs. Frogs, as usual, most abundant animal. Collected between 1:30 and 2:45 pm. 1 sub. adult Anaxida lugubris taken also. Two Hyla regilla seen, both juveniles.
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MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY REPRINT LIBRARY
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