Field notes, v567

Cogswell, Howard L.

1949

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY

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Cogswell, Howard L. August 8 - September 11, 1949 Humboldt and Trinity cos., California 1. Catalog 2. Journal 3. Species accounts Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

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Cogswell, H. L. Aug. 9 - Sept. 10, 1949 Catalog nos. 4-133.

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Cogswell 1949 Catalogue Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. August 9, 1949 4 ♀ prg. Sorex trowbridgi 113·59·14·9 5.0 g. 5 Bufo boreas 6 ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus· 178·86·21·17 23.8 g. 3 embryos, rt. horn, 3 mm. August 10, 1949 7 ? Sorex pacificus -125·60·17·10 10.4 g. 8 ♂ testis 1 mm. Sorex vagrans - 89·41·13·6 4.4 g. 9 ♂ Microtus testis 4.5 mm. -115·41·21·12 16.6 g. 10 im.♂ - Vermivora ruficapilla 9.0 g. 11 ad.♂ - Mittalornis borealis (moderate fat; testis 7 mm.) 37.1 g. 12 ad.♀ - Sridoprocne bicolor (ovary 6 mm) 17.4 g. August 11, 1949 13 ♀ mon-prg. - Peromyscus 213·110·22·20 29.2 g. 14 ♂ embryos 16-17 mm. Microtus oregoni 135·38·17·11 23.6 g. 15 ♂ testis 7 mm. - Zapus trinotatus 227·144·36·16 15.0 g. (fat 2 mm. stub under skin of flanks) 16 ? im. - Molothus ater (fledgling, being fed by loot) August 12, 1949 17 ? Sorex trowbridgi 111·56·14·9 5.8 g. (helminth parasites from peritoneum, under skin at base of ear saved) 18 ♂ (testis 8 mm.) Zapus trinotatus 252·157·33·17 28.5 g. 19 ♀ im. Actitis macularia 38.2 g. 20 ♀ ad. Cyanocitta Stelleri 110.9 g.

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Cogswell 1949 Catalogue 2 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. august 13, 1949 21 ♂ (testis 1.5mm.) Chaetura vauxi 12.8g. 22 ♂ (testis 5mm.) Porzana carolina 81.9g. bill: chrome yellow at base to olive-green distal of nostril; on lower mandible yellow extends farther distad. feet: yellowish-green; nails & soles are brownish-gray iris: rich brown august 13, 1949 (put up on 14th) 23 ? im. (skull roof. 3/4 doubled) Cyanocitta stelleri 111.5g. 24 ♀ ad. (old brood patch) Cyanocitta stelleri 104.5g. august 14, 1949 lava 25 Ascaphus truei lava 26 ♀ im. Tachycineta thalassina 13.8g. lava 27 Ascaphus truei august 15, 1949 28 Hyla regilla dorsal surface bright green with median stripe of copper- color extending from behind ilia to between the eyes where it separates into 2 stripes on anterior surface of upper eyelid. The same copper color is on the dorsal surface of the forelegs & narrowly on the anterior edge of the thigh. Under surface: whitish to lemon yellow on the edge of the jaws. yellowish-brown blotches along the sides. 29 ♀ (non-pregnant) Microtus oregoni 116-32-16-10 20.6g. 20.5g. 30 ♀ (non- pregnant) Zapus trinotatus 231-140-33-13 27.4g. august 16, 1949 31 ♂ im. (testis 1mm.) Hylocichla ustulata 32.9g august 17, 1949 32 ♀ ad. Vermivora celata 8.3g. 33 ♂ ad. Carpodacus purpureus (testis 1.5 mm.) 21.8g.

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Cogswell 1949 Catalogue 3 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. August 18, 1949 34 ♂ (testis 6 mm.) Cacomias townsendi 250-109-36-23 87.0 g. 35 ? im. Geothlypis trichas 9.1 g. 36 ♀ Sphyrapicus varius 48.0 g. 37 ♂ jv. Empidonax trailli (testis 2 mm.) 12.5 g. 38 ♀ ad. Carpodacus purpureus [illegible] 24.0 g. old brood patch, bare of feathers from anterior end of breast muscles to vent, for max. breadth of 2 cm. Stomach full of grass seeds. August 20, 1949 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. August 20, 1949 39 ♀ (non- pregnant) Sorex 106-51-13-9 4.4 g. (nt. side of snout eaten away by ants. notes on capture Entered under Sorex trowbridgii). 40 ♂ im. Oporornis tolmiei (testis about ½ mm.) 8.8 g. 41 ♀ ad. Empidonax wrightii (old brood patch) 9.6 g. 42 ? jv. Empidonax wrightii 10.6 g. 43 ♀ jv. Oreortyx picta 142.7 g. French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. august 21, 1949 44 ♂ ad. Chamela fasciata (testis ½ mm.; old brood patch) 14.8 g. 45 ♂ ad. Chamela fasciata (testis 1 mm.; old brood patch) 15.5 g. 46 ? ad. Sitta canadensis 10.2 g. 47 ♀ im. Aphelocoma coerulescens 91.5 g. [illegible] 3/4 mi. N.W. Schoolhouse Deak, 2450 ft., Humboldt Co, august 22, 1949 Calif. 48 ♀ ad. Sturnella neglecta 94.0 g.

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Catalogue Cognwell 1949 4 1 mi. WNW Schoolhouse Peak, 2300 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. August 22, 1949 49 ? im. Pipilo maculatus (??-ovary) 44.5g. 51 δ im. Oporornis tolmiei (testes - ½ mm.) moderate fat 11.6 g. 52 ♀ (im) Otus asio (much continued 4+ acridae grasshoppers) 139.3 g ¾ mi. W. Schoolhouse Peak, 2300 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. note no. out of August 22, 1949 50 ♀ im. Vireo solitarius place Empidonax hammondii (moderate fat) 17.4 g. Schoolhouse Peak, 2500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. August 22, 1949 53 ♀ ad. Passerina amoena 14.2 g. August 23, 1949 54 δ im. Cyanocitta stelleri 111.3 g 55 ♀ im. " " 103.0 g. 56 ♂ (testes Columba fasciata moderate fat) 420.4 g. 14 mm.) 57 ♂ ad. (testes Pipilo maculatus (cutris, bright red 40.7 g. 3 mm.) cuttris if any, broad sided) 58 ♀ ad. " " " 41.5 g. old brood patch extending from coracoid region to vent width across breast - 2¼ cm. 59 ♂ (2 mm. testes) Dendrocopus pubescens 30.5 g. French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. august 24, 1949 60 ♀ im. Sitta carolinensis 16.7 g. 61 ♂? ad. Loxia curvirostra 30.8 g. Coyote Peak, 2900 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. august 24, 1949 62 ♀ im. Empidonax (difficilis?) hammondii 10.3 g.

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Cogswell 1949 Catalogue 5 August 25 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 63 ♂ Sphyrapicus varius (1½ mm. testis) 46.2 g. 1 mi. S. Coyote Peak, 3200 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif. 64 Aneides ferreus 65 " " 66 Ensatina eschscholtzii eschscholtzii Coyote Peak, 2800 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 67 ♂ ad. Turdus migratorius (3 mm. testis) 87.7 g. 68 ? im. Passerina amoena 14.0 g. French Camp, 3100 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 69 ♂ im. Hylociclla guttata (2 mm. testis) 23.3g. August 27 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif. 70 ♀ Sceloporus occidentalis 71 ♀(pregnant) Clethrionomys californicus 134-44-18-13 21.9 g. 72 ♂ (3 mm. testis) Dryocopus pileatus 296.5 g. 29 Melanidium gron 73 ♂ im. Giranga ludoviciana (2 mm. testis) 32.0g. 74 ♀♂ Dendrocopus villosus (many atretic follicles) 69.0 g. August 28 same location 75 ♂ (14 mm. testis) Clethrionomys californicus · 161-48-19-13 31.8g. 76 Diampodon ensatus 4¾ mi. N, 1½ mi. E Willow Creek, 800 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif 77 ♂ im.* Chamalea fasciata (1 mm. testis) 16.6 g ↵(large old brood patch, but skull roof entirely thin & transparent). 78 ♂ im.* Chamalea fasciata (L. testes · 1.5 mm.) (R.testis .5 mm.) 16.8 g. (brood patch and skull roof very similar to # 77) [* see species account] p.3

Logswell 1949 Catalogue 6 Aug. 29 Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 79 ♀ im. Pipilo maculatus (very small) (skull roof double, except for posterolateral areas 5 mm. wide) 36.8 g. 80 ♂ im. Cinclus mexicanus (2 mm. testes) (stomach contained 50+ insect larvae, ) 59.2 g. 81 Rana boylii 82 ? im. Dendroica nigrescens (moderate fat) 83 ♂ im. " aestiva (½ mm. testes) (little fat) 9.3 g. 84 ♂ im. Spinus psaltria (moderate fat, ½ mm. testes) 10.2 g. Aug. 30 same location 85 ♀ Sceloporus occidentalis (gonads obliterated by shot.) 11.6 g. 86 ♀-ad. Oporornis tolmiei 87 ♂ ad. Vireo solitarius (testes ½ mm.) 16.0 g. 2½ mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 88 ♂ ad. Pipilo maculatus (testes 2½ mm.) 46.1 g. Aug. 31 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif 89 ♂ im. Wilsonia pusilla (testes ½ mm.) 7.4 g Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 90 ♂ im. Carpodacus mexicanus (testes 1½ mm.) (large "food patch" from neck to vent & up to 2½ cm. wide on breast, but shall only single layered except in center on top & at sides). 22.7 g. 91 ♀ ad. Basserina ansera (very fat) 17.6 g. 92 ♀ ad. Contopus richardsonii (moderate fat many atrio follicles) 14.1 g. 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 93 ♂ (5 mm. testes) Myotis (skipped on abdomen) 87° 37'-10-15" 12° 5.9 g. 94 ♂ myotis californicus 71° 34'-6-14" 13° 4.2 g.

Cogswell 1949 Catalogue 7 Brannan mtn, 3957 ft, Humboldt Co., Calif. Sep. 1 ( 3 1/4 mi. W, 2 mi N Willow Creek P.O. ) 95 same loc., 3500 ft. Sceloporus gracilous 96 ♂ ad. Parus gambeli (1 mm. testes) 12.6 g. 1 mi. W Brannan mtn, 3300 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 97 Hyla regilla 1 mi WSW Brannan mtn., 3500 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 98 ♂ ad. Junco oregonus 15.9 g. 99 ♀ ad. Parus rufescens 9.5 g. Sep. 2 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 100 ♂ im. Certhia familiaris (½ mm. testes) 8.5 g. Sep. 3 2 ½ mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 101 ? Colaptes calfer 142.5 g. 102 ♂ ad. Aphelocoma coerulescens (2 mm. testes) 97.1 g. Brannan mtn, 3700 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 103 Bufo boreas 104 " " Sep. 4 same locality 105 ♀ (non pregnant) Eutamias sonomae 247-108-36-22"16' 70.8 g. 106 ♀ (pregnant) Nestoma fuscipes 381-168-41-31"29' 221.8 g. 107 ♂ im. Parus gambeli (1½ mm. testes) 12.0 g. 108 Sceloporus gracilous 109 ♀ ad. Cyanocitta stelleri (otitica follicles) 110. g. 110 ♂ ad. " " (2 mm. testes) 127.0 g. Sep. 6 Red Mtn., 14 mi. S Hayfork, 5300 ft. Trinity Co., Calif. 111 ♂ (½ mm. testes) Peromyscus maniculatus 158-70-18-17- 20.0 g. 112 ♂ (6 mm. testes) Eutamias sonomae 235-97-36-21"16' 74.1 g. 113 ♀ (non pregnant) " anguenus 202-88-32-20"15' 48.2 g. 114 ♂ im. Sitta carolinensis (1 mm. testes) 17.9 g.

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Coggswell 1949 Catalogue 8 Sep. 6 Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co. Calif. 115 ♀ ad. Junco oregonus 18.8 g Sep. 7 same locality 116 ♂ Sceloporus occidentalis 117 ♂ imm. (1 mm. testes) Vireo gilvus (little fat) 12.4 g 118 ♀ ad. Sturnella neglecta (

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Catalogue 9 Cogswell 1949 (3 mi NW) 5:00 Sep. 10 Red Mtn., 5500 ft. 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. [illegible] graciosa 131 ♀ S. Dubabella mtn., 5500 ft. 13 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co. Caly. 132 ♂ sim. Hylomichla guttata 21.1g 133 ♂ sim. " " 19.1g.

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2. Cogswell, H.L. 1949 journal

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Journal of Howard L. Cogswell 1949 Table of Regions described in JOURNAL and Maps used for locality names therein. pp. 50-72A aug.8 -aug.19 - Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - U.S. War Dept. topo map, scale 1/62,500, Trinity quad., 1945. # N 4100-W12400/15 first edition (29E 1) pp. 73-91 aug.19 -aug.26 - French Camp, Schoolhouse & Coyote Creeks, Hum- bolt Co., Calif. - U.S. War Dept. topo map, scale 1/62,500, Coyote Peak quad., # N 4100-W12345/15, first edition (29E 1) 1945. pp. 91-111 aug.26 -Sep.5 - Willow Creek & vicinity, Brannan Mtn., Hum- bolt Co., Calif. a portion of an old topo map (Trinity Nat'l Forest?) supplied us by Forest Range & now on file in MVZ. Localities may also be located on district maps of Six Rivers Nat'l Forest. pp. 112-125 Sep.5 -Sep.11 - Red Mtn. - Dubabella Mtn., 12-15 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. U.S. Geol. Surv. topo map, scale 1/62,500, Hoaglin quad. also Yolla Bolly District of Trinity Nat'l Forest map, 1949 edition [these 2 maps differ in what is called "Red Mtn"; my notes are with reference to the U.S.G.S. Topo map location but

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 50 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 8 Left Berkeley via Oakland Bay Bridge at 5:50 A.M., riding with Dr. O. P. Pearson in the MVZ Dodge truck. We drove via highway U.S.-101 thru San Rafael to Haldsburg (waited from 7:40 [illegible] 8:30 A.M.), thence to Whiiah [sic] Hellitts, stopping for lunch about 1 P.M. at Barberville, southern Humboldt Co. I watched the major plant formations enroute, & noted an ex- tensive area of mixture of "upper Sonoran" and "Transition" species in the pass N. of Cloverdale: Redwood, Douglas fir, black oak, madrone, Blue oak, Bruckeye, Quercus sp., marganita & Ceanothas. N. of Calepello (N. of Whiiah) yellow pines occurred first in islands surrounded by a sclerophyll forest which gradually becomes continuous, but with some madrone & Douglas fir then mixed in.. Birds noted in this portion of the Trip included: Turkey vulture, many; bard. tailed pigeon, 4 (S. of Taytonville); raven, 1 (on snag along river 5 mi. S. of Barberville); western king- bird, 1 adult feeding young at Hotel Bourbon (3 mi. S. Barberville). we After lunch continued on US-101 paralleling S. Fork of Eel River, thence thru Eureka & Arcata (stop for shopping) on to Patrick Pt. State Park, where we waited for a few minutes after 5:30 P.M. After Dr. Miller, who drove another car (bringing Gordon Sullivan & Keith Murray), had made arrangements with the Hammond Lumber Co. at Big Lagoon we drove on in, & made

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 51 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 8 (cont.) camp just off their road separated from Creek about 3/4 mi. the upper (SE) end of the lagoon by a stand of Alders with considerable understory. While still on the way, we saw 3 osprey nests: 1 in dead top of a 250+ ft. redwood opposite entrance to Mary Philips Edson Group of Honor Grove of Humboldt State Redwoods Park (.5 mi. S. of Elk Creek); this one held large young & 1 adult which flew to nearby tree top; 2 other nests just S. Bear Creek S. of Pepperwood. Vaux Swifts noted at several points. After arriving at camp, I set out 55 trap sites (with walnut meat) along edge of Alders away from the lagoon fronting on the grazed road border by a "log pond" After supper went along road by log-filled pond for 1/2 hour, saw a few bats then (many were out at dusk) Aug. 9 This morning from 5:15 - 6:00 A.M. checked traps. Cought the following: 4 Peromyscus maniculatus 2 Sorex Ixowbridgi } see sp accounts from 7:00 - 8:30 A.M. I made a loop trip afoot thru the central portion of the grazed meadow & woodland (SEE MAP p. 72A) SE of camp. This area is traversed by Maple Creek meandering from SE to NW, which has some steep banks to 9 ft. high, & many gravel bars & bordering areas, but is mostly bordered by Alder-willow-ferry bush thickets & liberally strewn with

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 52 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 9 (cont.) logs a debris of logging. The vegetation of the "flat", which is about 1 mile wide here, is scattered (1) groups or larger "woods" with alnus rubra, Quercus sitchensis, and Salix sitchensis as the dominant trees, (2) many dense shrub thickets which are mostly Rhus spectabilis, R. parviflorus, R. vitifolius, and Cteris aquilina, and (3) open pasture land irrigated early interspersed, being now mostly well grown to thistles (2 species), but with tall dry grass in spots, some clover, buttercups, etc. also. The mountain slope NE of the valley is solid with coniferous forest and some of it extends onto the flat a way. Quercus sitchensis is more common near the edge of the flat than in the center. Other trees & shrubs identified were: (names from mexican or mexicana, mains) Sambucus racemosa var. callicarpa - frequent at border of alders and occasional elsewhere. Salix lasiandra - less common than S. sitchensis, but still common, especially near the stream Acer macrophyllum - 1 very large tree in pastured area saraguineum (spec. id. by UC Herbar) Deils fruticosa - few, among Rhus thickets. In the afternoon (about 1:30-5:00) I recovered part of the same area plus the northern end of the opening to a bit beyond Pitzer Creek (which runs into Maple Cr. from the East) where there is a solid, closed forest

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Coppell 1949 Journal 53 Big Lagoon Humboldt co, Calif. Aug.9 (cont.) of alder without the Rubus understory.. Umbellifers & skunk cabbage are common, & other tall herbs; but the tangle of trunks of alder itself is nearly impene- trable. Saw 1 Bicolored warbler here, and a rail immature (Virginia) was glimpsed when it ran from the bed of Butler creek into tall herbs up the bank, pecked out again briefly & was gone before I could shoot: I also worked around the woods N. of camp to the Hammond lumber co. road bridge & return, resetting the 55 traps in same line as last night. Birds observed more: cathartes aura - 10+ falco sparveria - 1 Lophortyx californica - 1 pr. with 10 ½ grown young. Rail (Virginia) - 1 imm. shorebird (small)- numbers flying over Brachyramphus marmoratus- heard flying over at Basin. Colomba fasciata - 8 Chaetura vauxi many especially at dawn & dusk Selasphorus sp. - 3+ Chordeiles minor - 1 flying over early A.M. Megaceryle alcyon - 1+ Lendroecopus villosus- 1 " pubescens several Empidonax sp.(probably troglitii)- feeling young. Contopus richardsoni - several, still giving full call occasionally Nuttallornis borealis - 3+ Indigo bunting many Hirundo rustica - " Stelgidopteryx ruficollis - 2+ Petrochelidon pyrrhonota - 1 cyanocitta stelleri -1 land corvus corax - 2+ Corvus pubescens- abundant Sialia mexicana - small flock Certhia familiaris - 1 Chamaea fasciata (8)-1 pr. land Troglodytes troglodytes (singing) Turdus migratorius-several. Hylocicla mustelata - 10+ (cont'd p.54)

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Cogswell 1949 54 Journal Big Lagson Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 9 (cont)- Regulus satrapa-several. Bombycilla cedronum - flying over camp frequently, in 1's to 32 Vireo gilvus - 1 (scolding my squeak) Dendroica aestiva - 1, singing frequently. Willornia pusilla - abundant many still feeding young. (see also species account of molothrus) Molothrus ater - 1-" " " Boranga ludoviciana - 5 Helminthescus melanoleucus - 4+ Campodeias purpureas - 2+ (faze short song) Sparnus perius - several Spinus tristis - common - in 2 near thistles. Loria curvirrostra - 11+ (that many in 1 flock, feeding on spruce cones) (42 sp) Melospiza melodia - very abundant, many more immatures than adults. Empidonus difficilis - 1 heard i.p.m. ("pea.ist") Aug. 10- In the 55 traps set last night (on same line as on 8-th) were caught: > saved (#7) 1 Sorex pacificus - under blackberry bush at edge of woods. 2 Sorex Asprans > ! saved (#8) - along edge of swampy spot 1 Sorex townbridgei } otters skinned by Murray. 1 Microtius sp. (=#9) - in 100' x 500' x 200' Δ meadow. Spent the a.m. skinning mammals, but added the following species of birds to the list off for this

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 55 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 10 (cont.) camp vicinity: Butorides virescens - 1 ardea herodeia several chamaea fasciata singing Troglodytes aedon - 2 feeding young spizella passerina - 1 From about 12:40 to 4:00 p.m. I walked up the road which lies W. of and more or less parallel to Maple Creek above the bridge to a point about 1 mile (SKE MAP #720A) from camp. This is in the edge of an old burn, now grown up to thick semi-shrubs, some shrubs on the steep hillsides with scattered stumps, boles, many down burned logs, etc. The area immediately adjacent to the road for most of the way is alder & elderberry thicket about 15-25 ft. high, grading into alders with some maple - with different understory along the stream bed. Gloss alder thickets are probably not significantly different from those near camp as regards bird life; but I found a nest of a wood rat (Neotoma sp.) over an old stream bed, and chipmunks were heard all along. Eventually the alders bordering the road become patchy & the gravel-digging operations for road building materials has made it possible to walk the stream bed more or less easily. Species seen or heard in this region are:

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Coyote 1949 Journal 36 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 10 (cont.) cathartes aura - several Salco sparsers - 1 actites macularia - 1 (in gravelly stream bed) Colombo fasciata - 8 chaetura vauxi many megaceryle alcyon - 1 Caloptes cafer - 2 heard hylatomus piletus (recent work seen) Dendrocopos vellosus - 3 (in trees, snags on turned over slope) Dendrocopos pubescens - 1 Empidonax sp.? -- 2 Entopus richardsoni - 10+ + nutallornes borealis - 4 (1 collected) (* = see species account) * Tachycineta thelesinia - 1ad 1 im. (ad. collected) Iridoprocene bicolor many Corvus corax - 2+ Parus rufescens many Osaltirparus minimus - several Chameea fasciata - 3+ (heard in brush on slopes) Troglodytes troglodytes - 2 Turdus migratorius - 10+ Xylophilla rustulata - 2 + Xombgrilla cedrorum - 4 * Vermivora ruficapilla - 2 Dendrocea destiva - 3 Oporomus tolmei - 1? Wilsonia pusilla many Riranga ludoriciera - 3 Hedynales melanocephala - 2 Carpodacus purpureus - 2 Spinus tristice many Spinus pinus 5+ Zonotricha leucophrys - 1 flock (with many juveniles) Melospiza melodia - many Aug. 11 I moved my traps last night to border of slow, boggy stream also on the east side of the clearing east of Maple Creek - along 20-30 yard wide old roadway with logs, etc. running uphill toward conifer forest from the stream. about 1/2 the traps were set well into the brush in deep shade. The night was clear, with heavy dew. Catch: 7. Peromyscus maniculatus (ad.; 4 charging pelage; 2 juvenile pelage - not saved) 1- Peromyscus sp. (= # 13.) 1- Microtus oregonensis (= # 14) 2- Zapus trinitotatus (1= # 15; 1 = 640 Murray) no shrews despite the seemingly excellent area.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 57 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 11 (cont.) On the way back from getting the animals from the traps I found the young cowbird & collected it (see species acct.). Spent the rest of the day skinning. Additional bird species seen at camp were: Nycticorax nycticorax - 3 flew over about 7:30 p.m. Ixoreus naevius -1-(seen by Sullivan). Basslerina amoena - 14 Zenaidura macroura - 1 (flew over camp at dusk) leaded up stream) Aug. 12 In 53 traps which remained on same line as last night, the following were caught this morning: Sorex knowbridgi - 1 Peromyscus maniculatus - 4 Zapus trinotatus - 5 Sorex pacificus - 1 } see species accounts After checking the traps & picking them up, I went on up the 20 ft. wide grassy strip (old logging road) which leads on, tho more overgrown, & parallels a creek which seems to be Ditler creek from the map. After a short distance along it, by a turn to the left (NW ?) the creek is crossed & a low ridge rounded (thru a deep road cut) & a new logging road reached which runs on up the hillside into solid Redwood forest. I walked perhaps a 1/2 mile up the slope (both old & new roads). The vegetation from near my trap-line to the

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 38 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. aug. 12 (cont.) Base of the hill is mixed alder, spruce trees in nearly closed canopy, with tall ferns, some berry bushes (chiefly salmonberry) and dense herb growth in all more open situations. Bird species noted in this section were: (1. coln below) Band-tailed pigeon - 1 Hairy woodpecker - 1 Downy woodpecker - 1 Empidonax sp.? - 2 -> 1 heard (pecist call) Western Flycatcher - 1 West. Wood Pewee - 5 olive-sided flycatcher - 1 Steller's Jay - 1 (collected <= # 20) Purple Martin - 2+ Chestnut-backed Chickadee - many (but fewer than near camp) Creepers - 1+ Wren, let - 3. Winter Wren - 5+ Swainson Thrush - 20+ Steller's juncos (Kruglet) - many Pileated Warbler - yellow(?) warbler - 1 heard Long Sparrow - few On the base of the hill Vaccinium parviflorum, V. cotion, and salad become important in the shrub layer & salmonberry decreases. Redwood & Spruce are mixed here as the dominants -- and further up it is pure Redwood. Birds seen or heard in this portion are entered by number in column 2 above. Two large, spotted fawns (Odocoileus hemionus) were jumped on the return at the base of the hill. They bounded away with tails up! Shot a Spotted Sandpiper (=# 19) along maple creek near camp. after supper I set 5 traps in a canyon of redwood forest along road uphill from lumber camp.

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Cogswell 1949 59 Journal Big Lagoon, Humboldt C., Calif. Aug. 13. Caught the following in my traps in the Redwood forest on slope N. of camp at an altitude of about 350 ft: 1 - young Peromyscus maniculatus 2 - Zapus trinotatus (I kept alive) (see species) account) 1 - Sorex pacificus " .." About 8:45 A.M. I walked along Maple Creek to its mouth at the SE end of Big Lagoon (see map p. 72A). The marsh vegetation is of tall Scirpus sp. on the muddy banks and over flats which are wet but not under more than 6 miles of water at present. There is americana? + cleodanes. a border of a smaller Scirpus along the * steepers stream banks (mud); and there are extensive patches of a definitely triangular- Scirpus robustus Pursh. -stemmed sedge (= S. campestria B102) occurring on the tall similar ground as, Scirpus, but each separate stands. The shallower channels (to 3 1/2-4 ft.) are mostly filled with Potamogeton sp.? ex- cept where the bottom is of sand or gravel. Birds noted in this area were: Podilymbus podiceps - 1 Anas platyrhynchos - 6+ Anas acuta - 30+ Anas cyanoptera - 29 (or? design) Cathartes aura - 2 (flushed from gravel bar) * Porzana carolina - 5 (I collected flies board) Jutela americana - 2 Charadrius vociferus - 2 Squatarola squatarola - 10 (flying over, with ducks) Actitis macularia - 5 Erolia minutilla - 20+ Cremetes mourii - few *Chaetura vauri - many Hummingbird sp? - 1 Dribopatreine bicolor - many Hirundo rustica - 5+ Progne subis - 2 *Telmatogetes palustris - many agelaius phoeniceus - 2+ Charpodacus mexicanus - 14? melodica melodica - many (* = see species account)

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 60 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug.13 after crossing the highway at its N. end of the bridge across the lagoon I walked about a mile north along the lagoon shore, which is a gravelly beach with a nice succession of low sedges, some grass, willows (species?), alder, thyrsofibros? & myrica californica, young Picea set- densis, abies grandis, & mature forest of Quila -- in that order, from the water landward. The beach is sandier for short stretches near the mouths of two small streams, which is a small replica of the S.E. end of the lagoon described above. Finally, at about 1 mile N. of the bridge is a rocky promontory coming directly to the water's edge. Collected 2 Cyanocitta stelleri (see species acc't) and 1 immature Larus delawarensis. Also saw or heard the following species: Phalacrocorax sp? (aureitus or pelicillatus) - 7; Melanitta sp.? - 2; Larus californicus - 1 ad.; Larus leemanni - 1, first-year; Columba fasciata - 1; Solasphorus sp. - 1 (flying across to beach); Dendrocopos villosus - 1; Progne subis - 2; Barus rufescens - several; Chamaea fasciata - 4; Regulus color. satrapa - 3; Piranga ludoviciana - 1; melospiza mel- odis. few? Returned to camp at noon, via Hammond Lumber Co. road; collected one more Cyanocitta stelleri (#23) along it. Left 52 traps set since 7:00 p.m. in the Redwoods., alt. 250'

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 6/1 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 14 - Caught the following in 52 traps set along the same line as the previous night (in Redwoods): 1- Sorex pacificus 1- Sorex townbridgi 1- Zapus trivoltatus { see species accounts. Walked from the trap area, which is about a mile from camp, down the road to Hammond Lumber Co. shops, noting the following species in the Redwood - Spruce - Hemlock timber which forms the lowest forest on the lowest slopes: Columba fasciata - 2 Barus rufescens - several Regulus satrapa - " centris familiaris - 1 heard Wilson's pusilla - 4 Troglodytes troglodytes - 1 heard From the Lumber Co. shops to our camp I detoured along the edge of the Scirpus marsh at the end of the lagoon, noting the following species in the field - marsh border: cathartes aura - 4 charadrius vociferous-2 actitis macularis -1 chetura vauxi - many * Selasphorus sp. - 1? (fledling about blossoming heads of Scirpus !!) megecyrile aleyon - 1 * Trochilios thalassus - 3 in. Archipino bicolor - many, ads. 1 in. zimundo rustica - many Stelgidopteryx ruficollis - 8+, (1+ ad, several im) progne subis - 1 pr. Telmatodytes palustris - several * Hethlypcs Dickas - 1 pr. Passerulus sandwichensis - 5 melospiza melodia - many (* = see species account)

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 62 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 15 Caught the following mammals in trap line set, last night in V- traverse which crossed Pitcher Creek at two points, with traps # 1-6 & 47-53 being near the grassy old logging road & all others well within the Rubus spectabilis & R. parviflorus thickets. Peromyscus maniculatus - 3 ad. ♂, 5 ad. ♀, 2 juv. ♂ (some in traps in open areas, fewer (only?) at deepest part of thicket traversed) Sorex trowbridgii - 1 Sorex pacificus - 2 Zapus trinotatus - 1 see species accounts. on the return to camp thru the thickets of the pasture I took an immature Spinus tristis (7492 miller) from flock of 150+ which were in the thickets & flew up to alders. About 2:30 p.m. Murray & I drove to the ranch with abandoned house, old barn, & 10 acres or so of grassy slope which is situated at the end of a dirt road contouring along the w. slope of the first ridge east of the lagoon (see map) at 550' altitude. En route we passed thru extensive brushy mountainside which I will describe later. At the ranch I set out 20 traps for small mammals, baited with walnut and oatmeal. The grass is so thin that I mostly placed them in the edge of bushes which are here mostly Asteris agiulina, Rosa sp., Rhododendron ♂, or dentale Rhus vitifoliae, and Faultheria shallon. Toured this brushland & grass for birds for 45 min. I will list tomorrow.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 63 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 15 (cont.) I left 39 traps on the same line near Ritcher Creek as the previous night. Those left were in the Ribus & Sambucus thickets, along the old bed of the stream + 3 adjacent to the present stream. Nighthawks were seen over camp in the evening. Aug. 16 on the Ritcher Creek trap line (39 traps), caught the following: - Microtus californicus - 2 (see species acc.) Zapus trinotatus - behind tree trunk adjacent to stream bank, but backed by dense Ribus thicket. Peromyscus maniculatus - 1 ad. J, 1 im. J, The abrupt drop in the take on this line as compared with the previous night is perhaps significant. The second night was clearer, howerer, than the first. Murray & I arrived at the abandoned ranch on the west side of the ridge E. of the lagoon about 7:45 a.m. & took up our traps. In the 20 I set along a small draw with small alder, clumps & bushes (see yesterday's journal) the following were caught: Peromyscus maniculatus - 1 ad. J, 1 ad. Q, + 1 im. very much eaten by some animal after being caught. Sorex trowbridgi - 1 [illegible] (see species acc.) about 2:45 In the afternoon I walked up the slope across the bog pond from camp (& S. side of valley) & took photos of the valley which should show our text

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Coyseell 1947 Journal 64 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 16 (cont) and the general lay of the vegetation on the ridge NE of Maple Creek, the ranch where Murray & I were this A.M., etc. From there I went along the south border of the marsh at the S.C. end of the lagoon, passing thru Scirpus & Carex belts, across a channel to an island with open (grazed) flats of Carex & Potamogeton & some open mud; thence back across the old channel to the S. end of the highway bridge & thru the bit of marsh & wet meadow just W. of the bridge. This last is a mass of Potentilla, a low, thin sedge, some fernous & much grass; it is ungrazed, looks like ideal Microstis habitat. Finishing at the Bridge at 4:30 p.m. I had seen or heard the following species in or over the marsh and lagoon: Pelecanus occidentalis - 2 Phalacrocorax sp? - 3 Ardea herodias - 1 Anas platyrhynchos - 3+ Anas acuta - 300 (careful) Anas carolinensis - 1 (estimate) Cathartes aura - 2+ Heliocnemis limicola - several Porzana carolina - 1+ Juliola americana - 4 Charadrius vociferus - 1 Squatarola squatarola - several ?? (glimpsed from bridge, while passing in ear) Actitis macularius - 1 Erolis minutilla - 3 Crexetes mauri - 1 Larus occidentalis - 1 imm. " californicus - 1 ad. " sp (" or ?) - 2 Chetura vauxi - many Selayorus sp. - 1?+ Tachycinetus thalassius - several Drepanoprocne brocks - many Heligopsiseryx ruficollis - 1 ad. Xirimbos rustica - many Progne subis - 2 Corvus corax - 2 Telmatodytes pallidus - many Wilsonia pusilla - several Ageleius phoenixus - 30+ Cuphaeus cyanoccephalus. 1?+ (at log pond) melopeta melodes many In late p.m. Murray & I set traps in forest of Sequoia sempervirens, Abies grandis, Pseudotsuga taxifolia, Picea sitchensis with an understory chiefly of Gaul- theria shallon with other shrubs in some areas, such

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Cogswell 1949 65+ Journal Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 16 (cont.) as Vaccinium parviflorum, V. ovatum (few), Sambucus racemosa. The location is about ½ mi. NE of N. end of the highway bridge, near a site occupied as a camp by Dr. Miller & Ward Russell in Sep., 1943, (See #6 on map). Most of the traps were within the underbrush, often on a carpet of [illegible] a few more along an old logging road & a few around a small clearing (the old camp site). I saw one shrew near the old camp site. Aug. 17. The catch in the above trap line was : * Sorex pacificus - 3 within the understory & 1 on edge of clearing * Sorex trowbridgi - 1 * Peromyscus maniculatus - 1 ad. ♀, 1 im. ♂ Starting at 8:30 a.m. I walked from the junction (½ mi. N. of N end of bridge) of the highway, & the road which runs up & along the W. slope of the first ridge east of the lagoon, follow- ing this road to the short-cut road which connects it with the highway at about the middle of the lagoon. This is the route covered by car on the last 2 days. Going afoot I was able to listen for brushland birds, hoping to find some scrub Jays, Berries Wrens, or Towlees. None of these were found, but a count of the birds seen or heard was kept & is tabulated below. at 10:05 I started down the short-cut road, reaching the highway at 10:18 & then proceeded S. along it until I could cross the steep slope to the W. To reach the lagoon.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 17 (cont.) & then walked along the lagoon shore to the N. end of the marsh under the highway bridge & back at 11:40 a.m. to camp. A tabulation of vertebrates by major habitats, follows: 2 1/2 mi. of "chaparral" Conifer Forest. Lagoon and: Pebbly Beach - Marsh Phalacrocorax (auretus or punicillatus) ardea herodias anas acuta Cathartes aura Pandion haliaetus Loxopteryx california Bululus limicola Sparago carolina Anthus americanus Aititis macularius Larus occidentalis "argntaticus (?) "californicus "delawarensis or californicus Columba fasciata Cheetura vocaxi Colaptes cafer+ Selyphorus sp.? Colaptes cafer Megaceryle alcyon Dendropterus bicolor Hirundo rustica Cyanocitta stelleri Pamus g rufescens Chamasa fasciata *Troglobytes aedon troglobytes Hylociclla ustulata Regulus satrapa *Uremisora celata "ruficapilla Wilsonia pusilla *Carpodacccs purpureus Spinus pinus "tristes Zorotrichia leucophrys Melospiza melodia Thamnophis sp. odocoileus fimbrius 1 30+ 200+ 2 20+ (4 young) 1/2 4 3 20+ 1 ad. 1'ad. 3+ 24 (flying over) 5 (" " ) several 3 ♀ 2 many many 7 3 1 (small conifer zone) 10+ 36 15+ 2 1 1 4 2 10♂ 3 1 3 4 18 7 30 several 3 (* = see species account) I. did not set any mammal traps this evening.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 67 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 18 At 6:35 a.m. I walked from camp up Maple Creek valley and canyon, going via the "pasture" just S. of our camp & thence along the road which crosses the bridge 1/2 mi. from camp for a short distance. Finding it continued thru spruce-alder forest with alder & willow along the stream, I returned to the bridge & went up the canyon of Maple Creek proper via the road following W. of it. This road continues about 1 mi. upstream from the bridge where it ends in a series of gravel & dirt workings, both in the stream bed & on some terraces on the mountainside just to the west. After the first 1/2 mile or less the vegetation is that of recovery from logging & burning & is predominantly Epilobium angustifolium, Petros aquila, with alnus rubra & salix sp. in the slightly lower draws & even occasional aler macro- phylum. Baccharis pilularis, and Rubus parviflorus & R. vitifolius form thickets on the canyon bottom & lower slopes. Scrophularia sp. and various composites, including an everlasting, are abundant also. Dr. Miller says he was told by Hammond Timber Co. officials that this area was logged 5-6 years ago, and burned 3 years ago. In the dusty road within the first 2/3 mile from the road junction I saw tracks of the following animals: Cuniculus americanus ( [illegible] ), Procyon lotor, snakes, rabbits, Saphortyx californicus, and unidentified rodents.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 68+ Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 18 (cont.) In the gravel algae-lined pools in the stream in the burned-over area, tadpoles of Bufo were abundant as well as small fish. Birds noted were as follows: cathartes aura - several Sophortyx californius - heard alttity maculatus - 2 columba fasciata - 15+ cheetua vauxi - many Selasphorus sp.? - several megacycle allegon - 1 (near bridge) toloptis calla - 2 Dryocopus Hyletomus pileatus - 1 * Sphyrapicus varius - 1 im. Dendrotocus villous - 2 " pubescens - 2 * Empidonax troellii - 3+ # Contopus richardini - 10+ Mittallornis forestis . 5 swallow sp? - several Brogne sedes - 30+ Corvus corax - 2 * Cyanocitta stilleri - 2 Parus rufescens - 5+ Chamea fasciata - many Troglodytes aedon - 1 Trindis migratorius - several Hylorilla instulata - 3 Sagulus setrepa - several (in conifers near bridge) Bombayilia cedronum - several varmivors celata - 1 Dendroica aestiva - 1 opsornis tolneij - 2 * Geothlypis trichas - 1 Wilsonia pusilla - many Paranga ludoviciana - 3 # melanocphala thecticus - 3+ * Carpodacus purpurus - 1 Spinus pinus - several " tristis - many Loxia curvirostra - 4 Spizella passerin - 1 im. Tontirichia leucophrys - several melospiza melodia - many. Aug. 19 Since we are moving camp today I will summarize the area around Big Lagoon which I have covered, insofar as its various aspects of topography, climate, and vegetation relate to vertebrate animal distribution probably. The uplands in this region were all originally covered with coniferous forest except certain far seaward slopes with poor soil, as, e.g. the area farther N. on the map inserted at the end of today's journal entry. Logging, both selective and clean cut plus much subsequent burning has altered the vegetation after p. 72.

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Coggswell 1949 Journal 69 4 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. (SUMMARY) Aug 8-19 (cont.) and consequently the animal life over wide areas, whereas other areas are still relatively undisturbed. In the valley of Maple Creek this complication of habitats is magnified by the natural succession of river bottoms and its retardation by grazing as well as by logging & fire. The marsh at the S.E. end of the lagoon is also partly grazed. The lagoon is primarily fresh water although oc- casional high waves slop across the beach into the N. end of the lagoon. The time available for studying of the vegetation and flora did not allow gaining a full picture of the succession; but certain "associations" or "habitats" may be recog- nized. Based largely on vegetation, with consid- eration of species composition of the dominant plants only where it obviously affected the animal population, I am listing here the habitats or "associations" referred to in the species account summaries for Big Lagoon. These distribution of these associations is also indicated in a very general way on the map (p. 72 A). Coniferous Forest Formation Redwood forest 1. Sequoia sempervirens forest -- understory complex, chiefly of Swettieria shallon, Polystichum munitum, Phyllodium sp. Vaccinium parviflorum, and Lomaria spicant 2. Abies nitidensis - abies grandis forest -- extensively mixed with last, but pure on lowest slopes. Under- story similar to last + Vaccinium ovatum, Corylus rostrata, &c., Tamienia involucraria, etc.

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Cogswell 1949 70 4 Journal Big Lagoon, Humboldt co., Calif. (SUMMARY) Aug. 8-19 3. Spruce-alder forest, dominants: Ribes sitcans, alnus rubra, occasionally Acer macrophyllum. Under- story dense, of many shrubs & semi-shrubs: Rubus spectabilis, Rubus parviflorus, Sambucus racemosa, & Vaccinium ovatum (occasionally). Ground layer often of mosses in densest thickets. 4. Willow-alder riparian woodland & thicket dominants: Salix sitchensis var. coulters, Salix lasiandra, Salix sp., alnus rubra, and occasionally Acer macrophyllum. Understory of dense Rubus utrifolius, R. parviflorus, R. spectabilis, & Ribes argunum var glutinosum thicket, with some herbs admixed. Where grazed, openings in the understory and brows- ing of lower branches of trees gives a woodland rather than a thicket aspect to it. Salix sitchensis and alnus rubra occur on valley floor well away from the stream, the actual bed of which is here considered a different habitat (see #11) 5. Bramble thickets or (“Berry thickets” in some species accounts). Dominants: essentially those of the understory of #4. Little or no understory. This association is probably intermediate in the succession of valley flat to Spruce-alder forest. It occurs also up the slopes to some degree, but not on the drier ones. 6. Pastured dry grassland. Dominants: various gresses, Cirsium lanceolatum, Cersium arvense, Tri- folium species, etc. Very local in extent; probably maintained only by grazing and/or fire.

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Cogswell 1949 71 A Journal Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. (SUMMARY) Aug.8-19 7. Pastured meadow, or wet grassland. Dominants: Potentilla sp., various short Carexes, Ranunculus sp, et al. Triglochin maritima common in wettest areas (where this grades into next) 8. Tule and Sedge marshes. Dominants: Scirpus acutus? Scirpus robustus each exclusive in certain portions of the marsh at the SE. end of the lagoon for reasons unknown to us. In some places it seems that one is on higher, better drained ground than the other; in other places they are reversed. No distinction is made here be- tween them because the birds at least range thru- Scirpus americanus, Cletharis palustris out them, common along mud banks of channels. 9. Pondweeds channels & flats. Dominant: Potamogeton sp. Large areas of shallow water, part of which became mud flats with the pondweed dry- ing up during our stay 10. Open lagoon. Water without macro-vege- tation; non-tidal, salinity assumed very low. 11. Creek with gravel bars & dirt banks, partly bordered by riparian growth of trees or shrubs - partly not. The birds associated directly with the stream were independent of the bordering vegetation except one (Megaceryle algon) were battered by riparian woodland or spruce-alder forest, log jumbles in the stream bed create a transition to the next. 12. Small stream stream with boulders & logs. Found only in redwood forest.

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Cogswell 1949 Aug 8-19 Journal 72A Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif (SUMMARY) 13. Three-year old burned forest - Dominants: Epilobium angustifolium, Oteris aquilina, Serophularia sp., an overlasting, various composites. Invaders: on lower slopes & up draws - alnus rubra, Ribes sp. many dead snags & stumps from old forest. 14. Low chaparral - Dominants: Gaultheria Rododendron occidentale shallon, Oteris aquilina, Epilobium angustifolium, Ribes sp., et al. Found only on seaward face of first ridge E. of lagoon, at altitudes of 100 - 700 ft. It is probably successional to the next. 15. High Chaparral - Dominants: Canotthus thyrsiflorus, Myrtis californica, Baccharis pilularis & some of the dominants of the last in the interstices also a few aristotaphylos columbiana. or as understory. Exists only as a zone between the last and coniferous (usually redwood) forest on the same ridge, E. of the lagoon. 16. Sandy beach - the bar across the lagoon, between it & the ocean (seen only from a distance). 17. Gravel & cobblestone beach - surrounds the lagoon on the S. & E. sides, except for the marshy em- bayment across which the highway bridge ex-tends. It supports a scanty vegetation of sedges & other herbs & where covered by soil above is more or less comparable to # 4 (see p.60) 18. Douglas fir - Tanbark oak - madrone forest - [strikethrough] areas on top of ridge E. of maple Creek, not seen by me, but reported by Dr Miller & Mullion].

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'72 A Outline Map of Areas near BIG LAGOON, Humboldt Co., CAlIF., visited Aug.8-19, 1949, showing approximate distribution of major vegetation types, collecting localities referred to in my notes, and routes traversed in collecting. N. PACIFIC OCEAN Sand Bar (beach and low dunes) BIG LAGOON 0 1/4 1/2 mi. approximate scale Trinidad Highway PATRICK PT. STATE PARK to Log Pond Marsh US-101 To Orick Key to Habitat Types (described on pp. 69-72) (uncolored areas represent unmapped areas) Redwood Forest Spruce-Fir Forest Spruce-Alder Forest Willow-Alder Riparian Woodland Thicket Bramble Thickets Pastured Dry Grassland Pastured Meadow (Moist Grassland) Tule, Sedge Marsh Pondweed Channels Flats Open Lagoon 3-yr. old burned "Forest" Low chaparral High chaparral Creek with gravel bars dirt banks Small stream with boulders logs Sandy beach Gravelly cobblestone beach. Gray Ct. 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. N. Fork Maple Cr. Maple Pirch Creek Daggers Cr. 1/4 mi./ 0 ? ? ? ? ? ? approximate trend of Ridge between Big Lagoon & Redwood Creek Drainages A 550' Kane Ach. Abandoned Ranch ? ? ? Camp Site near "Log Pond" = Aug. 8-19 1: Trap line, Aug. 8-9, 9-10 2: 3: 4: 5: 6: [illegible] = routes I traversed on foot. Hanover Lbr Co Road Hanover Lbr Co Hdg. Hunmand Lbr. G. Pond Line # Tract road to ridge top (see notes of Miller & Gullion) ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 73. French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 19 We broke camp at Big Lagoon between 10 & 11 a.m., stopped for lunch & groceries at Orick and then on up to Elk Grove in Prairie Creek Redwood State Park where we saw about 25 bull elk lying about near a small plum orchard or grazing leisurely nearby. The Redwood forest surrounding the valley at that point is about as solid as any we saw, and afforded a good starting point for our drive eastward. Returning to just N. of Redwood Creek (N. of Orick) we proceeded on the road which climbs up the end of and follows along the top of the ridge known as the "Bald Hills", which forms the divide between the Redwood creek and Klamath River drainages. The Redwood forest, at first almost pure, soon became mixed with Douglas Fir, which took over completely as the dominant further inland. Some scattered Redwoods were noticed in draws on the south facing slopes and generally distributed on the north facing slopes even to well along in the "Bald Hills". Tanbark oak was noticeable as soon as we reached the top of the ridge & be- came more & more common inland. Golden Chinquapin was also common in the forest understory, and much Hemlock at one point still within the Redwood belt. The "Balds" of the Bald Hills occur chiefly on S. facing slopes & knolls, often have a few

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 74 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif. Aug. 19 (cont.) rock outcrops but are mostly grass & broken covered. The forest, usually Douglas fir, better meets them abruptly; or, further along the ridge to the SE, [illegible] there is a border of Savary oak woodland. This becomes most extensive in the vicinity of Coyote & Schoolhouse Peaks. Almost no birds were seen in the forest areas, but as we entered the Lyons Ranch area of the Bald Hills, there were at least 8 Sialis sparveria, several Cathartes aura, and a flock of about 65 Corvus corax, at Schoolhouse Peak, alt. 3082 ft., a pair of Sialis mexicana with several fledglings was seen. Inquiry at the lookout station on Schoolhouse Peak with water supply, led us to camp here, the only spot along the road which is not on land used for stock raising; we arrived, unloaded by 4:30 p.m. The vegetation at our camp is of small to medium sized Douglas fir, with some Incense Cedar (on serpentine rock), and much Tanbark Oak & a little Chinquapin. There is a small (60 x 200 yards +/-) grassy & sedge area across the road from us, with more open forest to the top of the ridge above it to the North. I set out 50 traps in the dry grass & along - within the border of this open Douglas fir - Tanbark oak forest. Watched for bats in evening. Saw 3; shot at none. Temperature after dark is not conducive to writing.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 75 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 20 In my 50 traps, caught the following : 14 Peromyscus maniculatus 1 Sorex (Townsendi?) {see species accounts} About 8:45 a.m. I walked down the road over which we came to a larger grass & bracken "bald" about 1/4 to 2/3 mi. S.W. of our camp along the ridge. The two forested slopes, one facing SE, the other NW (which died) which border this "prairie" have been burned some years back & are now regrown to tall shrubs of Litocarpus densiflora, Castanopsis chrysophylla, a few Quercus chrysolepis chrysolepis, with the interstices of the not quite closed canopy filled with Boulterea shellon & two kinds of Arctostaphylos & some Qteros aquilina. These shrubs reach the top of the ridge from the NW-facing slope, but border on the bracken of the prairie about 100-300 yards below the top on the SE-facing slope. At the extreme SW end of the prairies it drops over onto a SW-facing slope and is there bordered by a belt of Quercus garryana. The burned area also does not extend onto this slope. I collected 1 Zornia tolmiei, 1 ad. & juv. Empidonax wrightii, 1 juv. Spizella passerina & 2 juv. Oreortyx gutta (see respective species accounts). I am starting a separate species occurrence record, by habitats, for this area which will be included at the end of the journal account for our stay here.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 76 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 21 Caught 4 Deromyzus maniculatus (only) in my line of 50 traps this a.m. spiked? tem up. At 7:45 a.m. I walked SW'ward over more or less the same route as yesterday, but with more detours: (1) to try for a white-breasted Muthatch, which I fired at but did not obtain; (2) to get wren tit specimens; and (3) to check on the ext- tent of the oaks on the SW. facing slope at the end of the prairie. Regarding the birds, see the species accounts. The oaks I found to be much larger & more extensive on this, the first few trees. Vertebrate species seen or heard in the habitats covered, are tabulated on pp 86-88. I collected 1 Sitta canadensis, 2 Chamaea fasciata, 1 aplhelcoma coerulescens, and 1 Eutainia townsendi: at camp at noon I shot a 4 Loxia curvi- rostra as it alighted in the ashes of an old fireplace; but in skinning it I inadvertently cut into the base of its rectrices so that ½ of them fell out, which with the generally poor condition of the feathers anyway (in moult) led me to discard the specimen. Aug. 22 This morning I set out via auto to see what birds were to be found in the "Bell Wells" country along the ridge extending NW of School- house Peak. The grassy "prairie" and scattered oak woodland which usually borders it

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Caywell 1949 Journal 77 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 22 (cont.) covers the upper slopes of this ridge from the crest at 2300-2460 ft. down the SW facing ridges as low as 1500 ft. Douglas Fir forest reaches nearly to the top of the ridge on the NE facing slope and also in canyons on the SW facing slope. The forest extends across the ridge top at a point some 3 mi. NW of Schoolhouse Peak, beyond which lie other smaller but similar prairies which I did not visit. The oak woodland is mostly of Quercus garryana and is found on the steepest SW facing slopes and up to the ridge crest in only a few places. It extends across the road in a broad belt W & NW of Schoolhouse Peak. The habitats worked in or near, then, included (1) dry grass & stubble fields; (2) Barry Oak woodland, with understory of Pinus diversifolia and Purshia sp. in some places, and (3) Douglas Fir forest. After leaving Dr. Pearson & Murray on the S slope of Schoolhouse Peak, I drove to the NW end of the largest prairie which is about 3 mi. from the peak. The area labelled "Childs Hill Prairie" on the U.S. War Dept Coyote Creek quadrangle topog. map (1:62500; 1945) was crossed in a series of loops from the road. Most of the fields here have been recently mowed, & most birds were concentrated in the unmowed borders or portions

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Caywell 1949 Journal 78 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug.22 (cont.) and along fences & road sides. I had hoped To find Horned Larks in the stubble fields, but none were located. One area of partly mowed, partially standing green grain attracted numbers of swallows (4 species, see list pp.86,88) and Vaux Swifts. Chipping and Savannah Sparrows were common along road sides & fences, Two Bay Sevanals being collected (see species account). A flock of 10 and a flock of 4 mourning Doves were seen in the stubble fields & road; they were quite many. At least 5 Sparrow Hawks were seen, also, 1 Red-tailed Hawk & several Turkey Vultures & 1 Raven — but no other birds associated directly with the open fields. This locality is on the Anton Lyons Ranch, which continues near Schoolhouse Creek with the Joe Monegas Ranch [labelled "Tomlison Bros." on 1945 map] intervening. The Monegas Ranch is more intensively farmed, with grain planted & cattle in some of the fields. It was here that the large number of Ravens were seen on the 19th, but today only 1 flew over, followed by a flock of 9 somewhat later. Not having permission to hunt on the Monegas Ranch, I resumed on the Lyons property 1 mi. NW of Schoolhouse Creek, where I collected a Meadowlark (see spec't) & noted Sparrow Hawks & 1 Barn Swallow.

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Coggswell 1949 Journal 79 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 22 (cont.) in the dry grassy area on the ridge top. Then I dropped down into the oak woodland (with occas- ional poison oak - gooseberry shrubs) on the SW fac- ing slope. This area is moderately grazed by sheep and there are many of their trails ground into the steeper ridges. Some small talus slopes are present and several rock outcrops. The border of the Douglas Fir forest can be seen beyond the oak belt, down the slope about 1/2 mi. from the road. There are some Redwoods in it also. Species noted in the oak woodland or its border with the grassland were: Scolopax occidentalis - several Catantites aura - 2, overhead Butor Jamaicensis - 1 imm., 1 ad. Salio sparrwerg - 2 Columba fasciata - several, flying. Colaptes cafer - 1 Balansophyla formicivora - 2+ Hendrocopos willoses - 1 " " pubescens - 1 * Empedoxas [illegible] - 1+ (collected) = Virio soletannus " " ? - 2 Cyanocitta stelleri - several Capalocomo caeruleons - 5 Seals mexicana - 5 (*: see species acct) * Sporomix tolweli - 1 (collected) Diaranga ludoviciana - 2 & * Gasserina amorna - 1 ? + young (4 collected) Spinus penins - several * Diplo maculatus - 4" imm. (1 collected) Junio oregonus - many, with young nestoma fuscipes - houses seen Citellus berleys - many. * otus asio - heard Because of the Sereech Owl, and the possibility of collecting it, I returned to the spot where

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Coffroell 1949 Journal 80 French Camp, 3150 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 22 (cont.) I had heard it. From 7:10 to 7:40 p.m. I whistled (vaguely like a screech owl) & called but finally gave up. Then two appeared and I collected a jovial [see species account], four bats were seen flying over or near the oaks at about 7:30-7:35 p.m. Back at the top of the ridge near the 2 barns showing on the map about 1/2 mi. WNW of Schoolhouse I picked up the eye shine of 2 raccoons & even saw one of them well enough in the flashlight beam to note the black mask, low fat body, & ringed tail. I fired 3 #6 shells trying to get one of them, but the difficulty of holding a 5-cell flashlight with enlarged reflector end and firing a gun at something in the beam at the same time was so great that they got away. They had been walking noisily along the border of the Douglas fir – maple – laurel forest here before I flashed the light on them. Aug. 23 I spent the night in sleeping bag on grass near this spot. Heard nothing during the night, but was awakened about 5:00 a.m. by what sounded like a Pygmy owl, but did not continue so [illegible] I could not check it after I was in a wide-awake condition. About 5:15 a chorus of scolds from Steller's Jay, in the nearby woods got me up; and I went

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Coxwell 1949 Journal 81 Aug.23 (cont.) To investigate; but found the jays (fully 15 to 20 of them) dispersing by that time. I collected 2 of them (= nos. 54, 55) as they came into the plum trees of a small orchard near the forest border. Also collected one Band-tailed Pigeon (= # 56) in this area. Other species noted here were Hyloicula guttata, Sporornis tolmiei, Zales sparveria, Parus rufescens. Yesterday I failed to mention seeing a Carpodacus purpureus feeding young in the plum orchard. Going S. from these two old barns, I worked around the area where the Lazuli Buntings were found yesterday & thru some low brush forms of many basal sprouts of Savary oak from 6-8 ft. high dead trees (burned??), with some admixture of Rubus grossifolius, Ribes sp., a Symphorocarpus sp. Collected a pair of Spotted Towhees (= #537, 58) in this & heard a "tulp" call of Dendroica sp? (sether occidentalis, townsendi, or nigrescens) but could not locate the bird. In taller, but still bushy Savary oaks below the road I found an immature Vermivora celata, 1 Hirundo solitaria, and several Juncos. I collected a Dendrocopus pubescens (#59) from a 20 ft. high Savary Oak. Further SW of the peak, near Schoolhouse Pasture Rock, I found 4 Savannah Sparrows in low, mostly mowed grass. 2 Mourning Doves were seen here as I drove past last night about 6:40 p.m.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 82 Aug. 24 French Camp 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. From 7:00 - 7:45 a.m. I walked NE along the road from camp for about 1/3 mile -> return. The Douglas Fir forest in this direction is un- burned & has trees of all sizes, with a loose, scattered understory ranging from tall, madrone & tan oaks to low tanoak shrubs, Rhododendrons, & Dogwood. Vertebrates noted in this brief visit were: Lizard (sp. un- determined); ~~Turkey Vulture; *Harmed Owl, 1; Band-tailed Pigeon, several; ~~Elepahe Slicker, 1 heard; w. Wood Pewee, 2; olive-sided Flycatcher, 2; Stellar's Jay, several; Chestnut-backed Chickadee, 10+, Creeper, 1; *White -breasted Nuthatch, 2 (collected); Red-breasted Nuthatch, several; Winter Wren, 1 heard singing; Golden-crowned Kinglet, several; Hermit Warbler, 1 [4 seen in camp later in a.m.]; Western Tanager, 1?; Oregon Junco, several; Chipmunk (sp?), several; Chickaree, 1 heard. [* = see species account] Spent the rest of the a.m. & early 1/2 of p.m. skin- ning birds. I collected a ? Red Crossbill (= #6) as it came to drink at the overflow from pipe by the road here. Later on I shot another as it was perched in top of tall Douglas Fir in camp; but it lodged in branches & was not obtained. About 3:45 p.m. Yullion and I drove to School house Pasture Rock (vicinity of) and to Coyote Peak for purposes of taking pictures of the Bald Hills Country.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 83 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 24 (cont.) We expect to go back along the ridge S. of Coyote Peak tomorrow, so will describe the area tomorrow. We flushed 2 Lusty Bearss from the Bracken fern area near the summit of the peak & they flew around the S. end & into the timber. Bullion collected one later along the road in open oak parkland NE of Schoolhouse Peak (see his notes). I collected an Empi. dorax sp. (=# 62) from the Corylus rostrata Giricarium & Acer circinnatum shrub border of the Douglas Fir forest on the N. side of Coyote Peak. We stopped along the road & talked to Mr. Clint [on?] Phillips, who is regional state forest fire warden (exact title?) for this region, with headquarters in Crescent City. He drives the road along the Bald Hills ridge fairly frequently, so we asked a few questions of him. He thinks there are few or no Coyotes here (because eliminated by ranchers); Shunks are occasional; Bear are plentiful; Racoons abundant. He does not know, at least more than we, exactly what delimits the "Balds" along the ridges here. He told us of a spring on the N side of Coyote Peak. He also said that some of the Koopa Indians, who live on a reservation just E. of here, have been setting numerous fires in the surrounding forest land.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 84 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 24 (cont) Before 7:15 p.m., while it was still fairly light after sunset, a Horned Owl was heard from camp, & soon thereafter a Pygmy Owl also. (see species accounts) Aug. 25 I collected a Red-breated Sapsucker (= #63) and a Chickaree nearby (= Pearson, # in camp this a.m.. About 10:30 Bullion & Murray & I took the truck to investigate the road run. nning 5. along the ridge from Coyote Peak toward Heepa Mtn. The army topo map shows this road connecting with one in upper Redwood Creek valley which we hoped to reach. However, we found a locked gate across it about 1 mi. S. of Coyote Peak. The road is placed most of the way in open grass & bracken or along the border of oaks; and although only two tracks of dirt with grass or rocks between, it is easily negoti. able. At the gate we were, however, in a tongue of Douglas Fir forest which extends to the top of the ridge along a N1 NE facing slope. We looked under the bark & in crevices of down logs for Salamanders (see species accounts of Ensatina eschscholtzii, Ensidis fowrei). From 12:10 to 1:30 p.m. I walked past the locked gate along the road, which continues thru the forest, more oaks, & finally onto an open grassy prairie on the ridge top. The property here was posted by the "Stover Bros." Ranch buildings visible on the W. side of the ridge about 21/2 mi.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 85 French Camp 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 25 (cont.) S. of Loyote Creek were assumed to be floors, I turned W. on the S. slope of Arbor Camp Ridge, which just toward Redwood Creek Canyon. A short distance along it brings one to a point commanding a fine view of the well forested Redwood Creek area, some ranches in it to the south, and also a great deal of the Bald Hills country to the North. The weather was hot & bird life exceedingly inconspicuous. Saw numerous ground squirrel burrows, but only 1 squirrel above ground. On the oaks on the N. facing slope, where they are much denser than on the S. facing slope, numerous junco's & chipping Sparrows were feeding young. In the leaf litter of a small gully in this oak woodland I frightened a Cnemecis schiltronius. It dashed under a rock which I lifted, but I was able to grab only his tail (which was autotomized). Near the same spot a small striped snake (Thamnophis ?) slid thru the leaves & into a burrow. We returned over Loyote Creek & drove to the large spring at the base of the steep rocks & slope just W. of the peak, which point is reached by a blend gravel road from the North. I collected one Robin in the Douglas fir & maple forest there, and an immature Lazuli Bunting along the road out. A meadowlark was flushed 3 times but wing shots at it were unsuccessful.

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LIST OF SPECIES OBSERVED BY ME - AUG. 19-26 AT OR NEAR FRENCH CAMP 3100 ft. Humboldt to, Calff. (* = specimen collected by someone in party). * Thamnophis sp. *Sclaporus occidentalis Douglas Fir Forest w/ Oak Same, with mush. understory Border of Doory. Bir forest * old Burned Forest w/ Tan Oak, Ching. Chiripinepi Brush Garry Oak woodland Bracken, Herb, > Grass "Balds" Dry Grass Stubble Fields 1 Cathartes aura F F F F X F F 2 Buteo jamaicensis F F F,P F3,P F F 3 Falco sparveria 1 F,P F X * 4 Oreortyx pieta (lopped) C area :F F * 5 Columba fasciata (in flight P P F, P F P over all} F F 6 Zenaidura macroura X 7 Chaetura vauxi F F X-F 8 Selasphorus sp. 1 x 9 Colaptes cafer 1 x x 10 Dryocopus pileatus X F * 11 Belanophyra formicivora X X X * 12 Sphyrapicus varius X * 13 Dendrocopos villosus X 1 X X * 14 " pubescens 1 X * 15 Empidomax wrightis X * 16 " difficilis 1 17 Contopus richardsoni x 2 18 Nuttallornis borealis x F- --x x-x 19 Hirundo rustica x * 20 Cyanetta stelleri x x x x x * 21 Aphelocoma coerulescens x X wheelbarrow 5 x 22 Corvus corax x 23 Parus rufescens X x * 24 Sitta carolinensis 1 2 x x * 25 Sitta canadensis X X 26 Certhia familiaris X X * 27 Chamaea fasciata x

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Cogswell 1949 Journal Douglas Fir Forest w. Tan Oak Dogg. Fir Forest w. most understory Border of Doug fir open "bald" Burned Forest w. Tan Oak/ Chiricahpi Chiricahpi Brush Garry Oak Woodland Shine Bracken, Herb 1 Grass "Balds" Dry Grass Stubble Fields 87 * 28 Turdus migratorius X X X * 29 Hylocichla guttata X 2 30 " mutulata (heard by Miller) 1 * 31 Sialia mexicana X - X * 32 Regulus satrapa X X . * 33 Virio lutoni X 34 Virio solitarius X 1 35 Virio gilous 1 * 36 Vermivora celata X 1 37 Dendroica aestiva 1 38 Dendroica audubonii 1 X * 39 " occidentalis 4 1 1? * 40 Oporornis tolmiei X X X X X 41 Wilsonia pusilla X 1 X * 42 Sturnella neglecta 1 X 43 Piranga ludoviciae X X ♛ X X 44 Hedymele melanocephala X X 45 Carpodacus purpureus F X (molded) * 46 Passerina amoena (X bushy) 47 Spinus pinus X X X X X 48 " tristis X * 49 Loxia curvirostra X X p * 50 Pipilo maculatus (X bushy)

Cogswell 1949 Journal Douglas Fir Forest w. Tanak sang + moist understory Border of such Forests Borced Forest w. Tanak, Chief Garry Oak woodland Bracken, Herb + Grass "Build" Dry Grass ? Stubble Fields 88 51 Junco oregonus X X X X X X X 52 Spizella passerina X X X X 53 Zonotrichia leucophrys few X X 54 Tachycineta thalassima X 55 Iridoprocne bicolor X 56 Petrochelidon pyrrhonota X * 57 Empidonax hammondii X 58 Troglodytes troglodytes 1 ? * 59 Dendropus obscurus 3 60 Spinus psaltria F(1) * 61 Polio virginianus X ? X X 62 Sclauicidium quoma x---x * Sores sp. (trombridgi ?) X * Peromyscus maniculatus X (no traps placed by me in Allan habitat) * Nestoma fusipes X X * Citellus beecheyi X X * Eutropias townsendi X X X * Sciurus douglosi X X * Eumstos americana sign Odoroleus hemionas <- many tracks -> pellets Aneides ferreus X Ensatina eschscholtzii X * 63 Otus asio X

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 89 Aug. 26 French Camp, 3100 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. A brief summary is in order for this locality since we are leaving it this A.M. Habitats recognized as significant for animal distribu- tion, some of which are described above as indi- cated, are: 1. Douglas Fir forest {in one of following forms occurs} {everywhere that #s 2 to 5 do not} (a) somewhat open, ridge top forest, with tan oak and/or chinquapin mixed; of drier character - with much less understory than the next. Dominant: Pseudotsuga taxifolia. Sub dominants: Lithocarpus densiflora, Castanopsis chrysophylla, Arctostaphylos glandulosa, Arctostaphylos sp., and occasionally Arbutus menziesii, Physocarpus capitatus, (in slight draws, usually moist). (b) N. facing slope, or lower altitude or moist ravines on S. facing slopes - with mesic mesophytic understory: Dominants: Pseudotsuga taxifolia, occasionally Arbutus menziesii, & Lithocarpus [illegible], Acer macrophyllum. Sub dominants: Cercinus roristrata, Acer circinatum, Kolo. desius discolor (near borders), Cornus mutellii; Amelanchier alnifolia - at borders: Rhamnus purshiana. (c) [not included separately in chart or preceding pp.] - similar to last, but with Sub domi'.

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Coggswell 1949 Journal 96 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 26 (cont). Plants different: Umbellularia californica, symphoricarpos sp, conyus rostratus, and acon circinum. This habitat was met with chiefly on the NW sides of Schoolhouse Peak and NW of the first hill NW of Wyott Peak. Reasons why the understory is different were not evident. 2. Harry Oak woodland Bordering grassy balds (capable below down on the southern facing slopes) or occasionally filling top of ridges completely between Douglas Fir forests. Described on Journal p. 77. Dominants: Quercus garryana, & occasionally Acer macrophyllum. 3 Grassland on bald tops, & always lightly grazed or with hay or other crops being grown. Under other conditions the balds are apparently covered by #4. I did not determine the dominant grass or herb species. Several significant differences in bird species present are evident as between this and the next habitat (see table, pp. 86-88), but there are areas where the two are intermediate between the two, dependent upon intensity of grazing. 4 Bracken-Herb-& Grass-land. This apparently occupied the drier, higher S-SW facing slopes & knolls originally. Dominants: Asteris afflicula, Dunier sp (these 2 often to the near exclusion of the others) and various grasses & herbs.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 91 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 26 (cont.) 5. Burned over forest - now regrow to either: (a) - tanbark oak - Chinquapin brushland (described on p. 75) - with many tall dead trees. or (b) - Chinquapin brush, with little else a few dead trees. I not visited by me, except enroute to next camp; it is prevalent at the large "Winggrass Prairie" toward the W.E end of French Camp Ridge occasional patches of Chinquapin & Madrone which are frequent in otherwise solid Douglas fir forest may represent a later stage in the succession. Occurrences of vertebrates, as noted by me, in these habitats is tabulated in the table on pp. 86-88. Some wide-ranging species, seen only in flight over some of the habitats and entered therein by a capital F, but this does not imply dependence upon that habitat. Those which foraged primarily in a certain habitat are entered under it with an X. 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 26 We left French Camp about noon & drove along the road to N.E. end of French Camp Ridge, down which the road descends in a series of switchbacks to Martin's Ferry (now a suspension bridge) on the Klamath River. Altho this is outside the transect being studied on this expedition, the vegetational

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 92 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 26 (cont.) associations & their gradual change as one drops from 3000 ft to 300 ft. ele- vation is very noteworthy: 1 on flat top - chinquapin brush (old burn?) 2 on gradual slope & NE of flat top - Douglas fir forest with tan oak & chinquapin. 3 more & more madrone & some maple & Calif. Laurel, mixed with Douglas fir & others 4 Broad Sclerophyll forest - dominated by madrone, Tan oak, (? Chinquapin) with some Laurel & Lev's oak (sp.?), Maple. 5 Same as 4 + more maple & some alder. Continuing, we drove 5 mi beyond Weitchpec along the Klamath and Trinity Rivers, through the Hoopa Valley [Indian Reservation] with its scattered Digger Pines and back into a Douglas fir - sclerophyll forest mixture. Arriving at Willow Creek we noted yellow Pines scattered about the valley & up on the W facing slope. After inquiry at the Salper Ranger Station, about 5 mi. S. of Willow Creek in the 6 Rivers Nat'l Forest, we came to this locality to camp. We are situated on "Coon Creek" (Balcon Creek of some maps), a tributary of the Trinity River flowing westward toward it. I set & traps, & helped get 1 bat. 26

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Logswell 1949 Journal 93 Aug. 27 In my traps, set last night on the N-facing slope above our camp in an area of maple-alder forest with understory of Hazelnut (Corylus rostrata) Calif. Huckleberry (Vaccinium ovatum), and Sword Fern, the following were caught: 3 Peromyscus maniculatus 1 Clethrionomys californicus (= # 71) {see species account} about 7:40 a.m., I walked W. from camp along the road on the N-facing slope of [illegible] Oon Creek canyon, then followed near the ridge top continuing W. from where the road crosses it from the S. I worked around the point of this ridge which overlooks the Trinity River about 3 mi. N of Willow Creek and then back along the S-facing slope of it to the road again. The habitats encountered were: (1) maple-alder forest - in canyon bottom at camp understory of Polystichum, Adiantum pedatum, other ferns, Aralia, Corylus rostrata, Cornus nuttallii, Ribes bracteosum, Rubus laciniatus, Toxicosa paniculata [illegible] (2) Tem Oak - Madrone - Douglas Fir forest - on N-facing slope above the last. Understory of Vaccinium ovatum, Gaultheria shallon, Corylus rostrata, Ribes sp (a gooseberry), and Rubus viti-folius. (3) Madrone - Black oak - Sarry oak forest - on S-facing slope of ridge, madrone being most common upslope & Barry oak downslope

Cogswell 1949 Journal 94 3 mi. N. Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 27 (cont.) Understory nearly absent except for spindly Rhus diversiloba which becomes almost a thicket in the few openings in canopy of trees. Symphoricarpos? sp. noted in such spots toward top of ridge. The leaf litter under the Mallones is especially dry & crisp & makes walking very noisy. There was very little life evident in this habitat in late a.m. Vertebrate species seen or heard in this habitat are listed in the roster which follows the journal for our stay at the camp (#110). I collected one Pileated woodpecker*, 1 hairy woodpecker*, 1 western tanager*, and 1 Melospiza occidentalis (see species accounts). I left the 26 traps out on the line laid last night & extended it to a total of 31. Aug. 28 The catch in these traps was: 1 Neotoma fuscipes (young) 1 Catherionomys californicus (= #75) 2 Peromyscus maniculatus I spent most of the a.m. shinning, but walked up the road on the S.-facing slope of Coon Cr. Canyon (going NW from camp) as far as the point where it crosses into the Horse Tents Creek drainage. The forest on this slope is a mixture of Tan oak - Madrone - Douglas fir- Black oak, except for the last species being similar to type #2 described on p. 93. I noted

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 95 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug 28 (cont.) no birds or other animals particularly associ- ated with the scattered black oaks, so am not consider- ing it as a different habitat. I collected 1 gray Squirrel here and saw or heard the following birds: Steller's Jay - 4; Chestnut backed Chickadeer 3; Creeper - 1; Golden-crowned Kinglet - 2; Turkey Vulture - 1 over; Western Tanager - 2. after lunch I went with Dr. Pearson & Murray to Willow Creek, then spent the hour from 1:30-2:30 p.m. exploring the field and woodland area W. of the Trinity River from the suspension bridge northward for about ¼ mile. There were lots of birds, despite the heat and its area looks like a good one. I did not hunt in it because we have not yet obtained per- mission. The field is mostly Klamath weed with a few scat- tered Redbud bushes. The only birds seen in it were 2 Savannah Sparrows and several Empidonax sp.? flycatchers. Some scattered Salix sp., Populus tricho carpa, and Umbellularia californica trees along the river became a real woodland of small extent to the N. of the field. There are many Chamus californicus shrubs & Rubus recurvens thickets. Birds were abundant, many apparently feeding on the coffeberries, blackberries, & Bay fruits. The species and numbers seen are listed in the Table on p. 110 A. In or near the river itself the following

Cogswell 1949 Journal 96 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 28 (cont) were noted: Great Blue Heron - 1; American Merganser - 14? (see species acct); Spotted Sandpiper - 2; Belted Kingfisher, 1; Black Phoebe, 1; Violet-green Swallow - 50+ (see species acct.) at about 3:00 p.m. I went with Murray to Horse Lints Creek canyon, at the end of the road N. of our camp in Loon Creek. Horse Lints is a much larger stream, draining 10x or more as much area as Loon Creek. The vegetation near it is similar, but there are old river terraces near the canyon bottom here o there. There are mostly occupied by maple- aldar forest or partly by Douglas Fir - Tan Oak mixture. A short walk up the Horse Lints trail, which begins to go up the N. canyon wall, brought me to an area where Vaccinium oxocatum formed a thick understory in young Douglas fir forest. I collected 2 Wren-tits here (see species acct.) and heard 1 Spotted Towhee; several Steller's Jays, 1 Var- bling Viole, several Chestnut-backed Chickadees, 1 Creeper, and 1 Hermit Thrush. About 10 Vaux Swifts were seen flying nearby. One Doe Black-tailed Deer was seen in dense forest understory just S. of Sinseng Creek (a tributary of Horse Lints). Aug. 29 at 8:30 a.m. Syllion, I arrived at the wood- land area, W. of the Trinity River near where I was yesterday p.m. The woodland and brush merely borders an old walnut orchard and 2 abandoned fields. Just to the S of these is

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 97 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 29 (cont.) one small stream which disappears into the sand before reaching the river; and just E of the fields + orchard is a bank covered with nearly pure stand of Umbellularia (dense without undergrowth) followed by beyond which are 2 small streams flowing into the river. These streams are bordered by tall Alders in closely spaced woodland formation, with a few Umbellularia admixed. The understory is of Rubus vutifolius and G. [illegible], Symphoricarpus canos sp., Holodiscus discolor, and Ribes sp. A small patch of Douglas Fir occupies the high cut knoll in the area short of a larger plateau-like much dissected river terrace thru which the tiny streams have cut deep, narrow ravines a few hundred yards from the river. Judging from the exposed rock along these ravines the "plateau" is composed of a slate-like rock. The vegetation on this "plateau" is of scattered shrubs of Umbellularia californica, Arctostaphylos manzanita, Rhamnus Californicus, and Ribes sp. (a gooseberry) with the herb cover much less luxuriant than as in the field S. of the woodland area. Associations covered here (all in addition to those listed on p. 93) were, therefore: (4) Weedy fields - dominated by Hypericum perforatum, Circaium sp., and other herbs. (5) Deciduous Shrub Briar Thickets - dominated

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 98 3 mi. N willow creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. aug 29 (cont.) by Rubus recurvans, R. nitidifolius, Chamaes californicus, Salix lundiana, & Salix lasiolepis. (6). Dry Shrubland (an open canopied formation) just described above (p.47) (7) River bank woodland - dominated by Umbellularia californica, Alnus rubra, Populus trichocarpa, Salix lasiolepis, S. lasiandra, Fraxinus oregona, Quercus kelloggii. Several areas are pure stands of one or the other of the first 2 species (as described). Other than in pure stands of Umbellularia there is a dense low understory of semi-shrubs & vines (Rubus nitidifolius & other species). (8) Walnut orchard, with grass & scattered blackberry as ground cover. (9) Gravelly & bouldered stream banks. The only significant vegetation here is Salix lucida tana in clumps, and individual S. melanopsis & S. lasiandra. about 30 - 80 yards wide. (10) The river itself - with some slower, calm portions & some turbulent "rapids" with some white water. Birds seen in or over these several associ- ations are tallied in the table on p. 110 A. I collected 2 Dana boylii (1 saved); 1 Cinclos mexi cana, 2 Dendroica aestiva, 1 Dendroica nigres cens, 1 Pipilo maculatus, and 1 Spinus psaltria (see respective species acts). Many Sclerurus were seen.

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Eogswell 1949 Journal 99 Aug 30 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. This a.m. Sullivan & I went back to the same locality as yesterday and hunted until 11:30. I continued a little farther up the hill beyond the old river terrace with its dry shrubland and found a 100 yard-wide pocket carved out of this terrace by one stream. It is bordered by tall Red Alders, has the intervening spaces full of large boulders covered with blackberry & mosses. The stream itself is sluggish here & full of water cress. I collected 1 Solitary Vireo, 1 Tolmie Warbler, and 1 Scotogopus occidentalis. I saw a blue- tailed Gummeez among the boulders & logs near the stream in the "pocket." Along the river I shot at, but did not obtain, an American Mergersee (see species account). Birds observed are tabbed by habitats in the table on p. 110A. Aug.31 Again Sullivan and I returned (about 10 a.m.) to the woodland area W. of the Trinity River in an attempt to get specimens of several of the species not heretofore collected at Willow Creek which we knew to be there. We did not work beyond the Deciduous Shrub & Briar Thicket and adjacent Woodland and Orchard today. I collected 1 House Finch, 1 Lazuli Bunting, & 1 Wood Pewee (see species account). Saw 3 Green-winged Teal on the river.

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Logswell 1949 Journal 100 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 31 (cont) at camp earlier in the a.m. I collected a Sickleated warbler. also hunted a bit near camp in the p.m., but found hardly anything. Dr. Pearson left for Berkeley this a.m., so Murray & I were the only ones trying for bats tonight. I shot & obtained 2 from over the road by camp. one is apparently mystis (lucifugus?) & the other mystes californi- cus. (see species) Sep. 1 at 10:00 a.m. Yullion -> I drove up the "Three Creeks Road," which leaves the highway just N. of Brigard's Grocery in Willow Creek and leads toward the S. end of the mountain ridge (to the W. of Trinity River valley) which cul- minates in Brennan Mtn., 3957 ft. Where it leaves the highway this road rises thru douglas fir forest onto a wider terrace older than the one on which the highway is located at this point. The field and woodland areas where we hunted during the past 3 days and & nearby Digger Cricks, yellow cricks, and Golden cup oaks are located on the lower terraces near the highway. The dry shrubland described on p. 97 is on the remnants of a terrace of intermediate height. The highest terrace, over which this road runs, is about 200 ft. above the highway & is partly planted to orchards & gardens, but a fringe of Barry & Black oaks and madron

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 101 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Sep. 1 (cont.) indicates that it was once covered with that type of forest (possibly with Douglas Fir or pines). Beyond this terrace, and up to about 1200 ft. elevation, the road passes thru a Douglas Fir - Tan Oak - Madrone forest of much the same nature as near French Camp (see p. 82), Extending somewhat similar to #2 both up & down slope from the 1200 ft. elevation on the road is a low ridge covered with a low chaparral composed of Ceanothus cuneatus with very few Arctostaphylos manzanita. The Ceanothus looks greatly browsed down (by deer I assume). In the forest border around this area there are also some Rhus ponds rosa and a lot of Libocedrus decurrens, under which Rhamnus californicus & Chis diversifolia grow in an understory thicket with a little of the Ceanothus cuneatus mixed in. Ceanothus integerrimus is also occasional here or on the exposed road cuts thruout the Douglas Fir forest. Another such chaparral covered ridge with the same sort of forest border was noted about 1 mile farther W. at about 200 ft. elevation. We did not work the shrub areas themselves, but in the thick Ceanothus near the forest border at 1200ft. we heard a kind of call note, new to us, which apparently emanates from a chipmunk which will not respond to any of our techniques by exposing himself.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 102 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft. Humboldt b. Calif. (Sep. 1) (cont.). The call is a very high-pitched, squealing whistle : "SKEE-ske-shee-she-sku-ske." Birds seen in the same area were: Red-breasted Nuthatch, Junco, Steller's Jay, - Turkey Vulture. Seeloporus sp. were abundant along the road for Between the 2 chaparral areas and above the higher one the belt of Douglas Fir - Tan Oak -> madrona forest continues, but with considerable Libocedrus decurrens, Pinus ponderosa, Quercus belloggii -> Q. chrysolepis admixed on the drier sites. The addition of these is not in sufficient quantity to change the general character of the forest, however. Several Chamaecyparis law- soniana trees were seen in this forest along Brannan Creek near where the road crosses it. At about the 2700 ft. level the road bends north- ward and continues parallel to a near the top of a ridge separating the Three Creek drainage from other tributaries of Willow Creek east thereof. The forest on the W-facing slope along the road here has the same tree species, but with Tan Oak predominant & considerably more Quercus chrysolepis in evidence. A Pygmy Owl was heard calling here at about 11:00 a.m. Just short of reaching "Three Creek Summit" we turned NE onto the side road leading toward Brannan Mtn. Just before this road

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Coggswell 1949 Journal 103 3 mi. N Willen Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Sep. 1 (cont.) reaches the ridge of which Brownan Mtn. is the culmination we looked around to forest -- at about 2900 ft. elevation -- which is composed of Douglas Fir again, with [illegible] with conifers: enable Tan oak - some Hollem-cup oak and a sprawbling of Incense Cedar, Yellow Pine - Sugar Pine (2 trees). I collected a Junco oregonus here - saw (> heard): 1 Pygmy owl, several Steller's Jays, Red-breasted Nuthatches, - Chestnut backed Chickadees. Shortly above this we reached the top of the ridge (at 11:50) and had lunch and hunted around "Johnson Prairies", which is an area of about 2 acres of dry grass 1 mi. NW of Brownan Mtn. It is surrounded by forest of the same type as just passed through, but with many Pines ponderosa, Libocedrus de. currens and a few Quercus kelloggii at the very border of the opening. Chipmunks (E. townsendi ?) were heard here, and the following birds noted: Turkey Vulture, several; Flicker, 1 heard; Steller Jay, several; Chestnut backed Chick- adee - 10+ (1 collected); Golden crowned Kinglet - 2+ Pine Siskin - 10+: There is a small area of low (apparently snow-matted) Canothies curcatus on serpentine rock near the NW end of the "prairie". Many Sceloporus sp. were the only animals noted in it.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 184 Sep. 1 (cont.) 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. From Johnson Prairie we walked about ½ mi NW to a small bog in a saddle on the divide between the drainages of three creek on the SW and Campbell creek on the NW, N of Bram. ran mtn. A logged-off area along the trail with scattered Douglas Fir & many sizes of Tan Oak & Golden Chirguapin held a troop of 5 or 6 Steller Jays (on which I used 3 shots unsuccessfully), several chipmunks (C. turrnuli) and many Sceloporus sp. [Gullion collected 18 graciosa] Beyond this is uncut Douglas Fir forest, with tall Tan Oak & Chirguapin and many small western Yew (Taxus brevifolies) trees under the canopy. This forest reaches to & surrounds the bog, which is about 40-50 yards in diameter & is bordered by a number of Port Orford Cedars (Chamaecyparis lawsoniana), Red Alders, and a few Salix scouleriana. The altitude, as estimated from an old (portion of) U.S. Forestry Service (?) topo map, is 3300 ft. The bog itself has water only in a tiny pool at one side now, but it is soft to firm mud everywhere else. There is a good growth of a sedge (Carex vesicularis), Junceus effusus L., and a slender grass over most of it. Tracks of Black Bear (old), deer, Bob-cat (fresh); and squirrels were seen in the mud. Chestnut-backed Cheekadee, Steller's Jay, & Red-breasted Nuthatch were seen.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 105 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Caly. Sep. 1 (cont) I collected 1 Myla regilla from the nearby forest floor. Crossbills were heard flying about. After returning to Johnson Prairie we drove to the summit of Brannan Mtn, 3957 ft. in elevation, from where, a fine view over the Trinity River valley & mountains as far away as South Fork Mtn. & the Trinity Alps. Took 1 photo here (w/ 1 at the bog). The south-facing slope of Brannan Mtn. is above about 3300 ft. and the N. facing slope for a short distance below the summit is of an entirely different aspect as regards vegetation. It is clothed with an open pine forest with scattered & dense shrubs between the trees - much like the southern California mountain forests. Common trees were: Pinus jeffreyi, Pinus lambertiana, Libocedrus decurrens, Pinus attenuata (all individuals less than 30 ft. high), Litcha- carpus densiflora (becomes shrubby on open slopes), Quercus chrysolepis, Quercus kelloggii (few, only). Shrubs identified were: Ceano- thus cuneatus, Arctostaphylos nevadensis & canescens, A. manganita?, Prunus sp., and Quercus vaccinifolia (abundant). Douglas Fir, madrone, chaparral are mixed with this forest for only a narrow strip & one comes ruthles suddenly out of the Douglas Fir

Cogswell 1949 Journal 106 3 mi. N Yellow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt b., Calif. Sep. 1 (cont.) forest into another world entirely. There are many of the same shill chip. munk-like calls coming from the bushes [as described on p.102] here near the peak, but we cannot get the animal to come out -- when we go in after it, the call ceases. Bear tracks were seen in the dusty road. Gray squirrels were rare. I collected 1 Sciaphorus graciosus on the summit (see species acct.) and 1 Parus gambeli on the N. fac. my slope not far below it. Other bird species noted in this open forest association were: Turkey Vulture, 2+ flying over; Violet green Swallow - 5+; Steller Jay - 2; Red-breasted Nuttall - many; Audubon's Warbler - 1; Western Tanager - 2; Purple Finch, 2 flying over; Pine Siskin, several; Spotted Towhee - 1. at Camp in the evening watched Dipper (see sp acct). Sep. 2 Spent all day in camp today. Collected 1 Brown Creeper from maple tree there. 2 Bilcolated woodpeckers called back forth for over 20 min. at a time during different parts of the day. Bilcolated warblers, now heard. Dr. Leopold arrived this a.m. to take charge of the trip and brought extra paper, so I have spent considerably time this p.m. getting my notes & journal into shape. in the evening Did some shooting at a high-flying lark, but thus heretofore seen, but was unsuccessful.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 107 Sep.3 3 mi. N willow creek, 700 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. From 7:40 to 8:50 a.m. Bullion and I hunted over the borders of the field on the Patterson Ranch at the foot of the mountain. This is on the east side of the Trinity River valley & is at the base of the madrone-Black oak-Tarry oak forest described on p.93. The forest near its border here has a greater % of Black oak & less madrone than higher up. Between the forest and most of the southern half of the field is an area of shrubland which is of much the same physiognomy as that noted on the river terrace across the valley (see p.97), but the tallest shrubs are Black oak, madrone so I suspect that it was cleared & is now re agrowing to forest. The space between the taller shrubs is nearly filled with arcts. Staphylos mongainus and many lesser plants, including Bracken, Blackberry, coffeeberry, & Klamath weed. I did most of my hunting in this shrubland & along the edge of the adjacent hay stubble & corn fields. I collected 1 Red-shafted Flicker and 1 Scrub Jay (see species accounts) and saw the following bee: Turkey Vulture -2; Sparrow Hawk-1; Hariny Woodpecker-1; Downy Woodpecker-1 Heard; Empidonax sp.?-5+; Steller Jay -2; Chestnut-backed Chickadee-2; Black-throated Grey Warbler-1?, Toline Warbler-1; Western Tanager-10?

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 108 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Sep. 3 (cont.), Black-headed Grosbeak - 1; Lazuli Bunting - 1; Purple Finch - 2; House Finch - 1; American Goldfinch - 1; Green-backed Goldfinch - 2 (flying over); Spotted Towhee - 10+; White- crowned Sparrow - 2. South along After the above stop we drove down the road E. of the Trinity River continuing on a dirt road which parallels the river past the mouth of Bremer Creek (SE. of town of Willow Creek). The country is much the same as toward our camp on Coon Creek. Saw 1 Mountain Quail, and heard 1 Tolmie Warbler singing! Branner Mtn. - 3700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Bullion, I drove here in the Chevrolet from Willow Creek to spend the night in the open pine forest we visited 2 days ago. Left Willow Creek at 3:30 and arrived on the summit at 4:10, with 1 stop of about 5 minutes enroute. The road distance is 8.8 miles, the first 5.5+ (three creeks Road) well travelled, the rest (on Branner Mtn Road) narrow & bumpy & rocky in spots. Saw 15+ Band-tailed Pigeons and 1 Coyote along the road on the way up. We set out traps - I placed 3 Schuylers & 3 rat traps for chipmunks & Wood Rats & put 10 mouse traps on the south slope just below the summit (3900+ ft.) and 20 at the 3700-3600 ft. level near where we are sleeping. Owling at dusk yielded 2 Pygmy Owls heard.

Cogswell 1949 Journal 109 Brannan Mtn., 3700 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. Sep. 4 Caught the following in the 20 mouse traps set here last night: 2 Peromyscus sp. (both badly eaten by ants) and in the 10 set on the summit, 3900 ft altitude: 1 Peromyscus (truei?) -- (also badly eaten by ants & not saved). 1 Peromyscus tail only. 6 of these 10 traps were sprung & moved. In the 3 Schuylers I got 2 Neotoma descripta (see species acct.); and in the 3 rat traps, nothing. Neglected to say yesterday evening that I shot one of the small chipmunks which we heard all about the mountain top. (see species account of Eutamias). Hunted from about 6:30 a.m. to 9:15 a.m., mostly along the ridge W. of the main peak and 100-200 yds. down the N.-facing slope. There are practically no Douglas firs on the ridge, the vegetation being pure open pine forest with understory as described on p. 105 plus considerable shrubbery, Lithocarpus densiflorus, Castanopsis chrysophylla. As one goes down the N.-facing slope, which is here fairly gradual, the same sort of trees con- tinue along the drier ground, but with more Quercus vaccinifolia & much Xerophyllum tenax ("Bear Grass") as ground cover. In the Two draws I covered on this slope there was

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 110 Braman mtn, 3700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Sep. 4 (cont.) a great deal of Douglas Fir coming in. In the larger draw just W. of the main peak there is also a dense growth of Rhododendron occi- dentale, Vaccinium parviflorum (small), and Amelanchier alnufolia. There was a Vermit Thrush established in this understory. I shot at it, but missed. Another was heard near the top of the ridge on the S. facing slope. Other species recorded, all of them in the open pine forest, were: Woodpecker (sp?) - heard olive-sided Flycatcher - 1 Steller's Jay - 10+ (2 collected) Mountain Chickadee - 6 (1 "") Red-breasted Nuthatch - abundant Bush. Tit - heard at summit yesterday p.m. Rusty Owl - 2 (1 seen) Sphenotus sp? - 1 On our way down the mountain, at about 10:20 a.m., we jumped a Doe Deer with 2 large fawns from the road near the Braman creek crossing — in Douglas Fir - Tan Oak forest at about 1400 ft. elevation. We are ending our stay at Coon Creek (3 mi. N of Willer Creek) tomorrow a.m. Species account summaries written for this area do not include Brannan mtn records. Wren Tit - 1 heard singing Robin - 2 heard Audubon's Warbler - 2 Pale-sided Warbler - 1 Western Tanager - 8+ Purple Finch - 2 Red Crossbill - heard. Pine Siskin - several Oregon Junco - 2 Chipmunk sp? - many

Dicamptodon ensatus Rana boylii Hyla regilla Sceloporus occidentalis Great Blue Heron Mallard Green-winged Teal Common Merganser Turkey Vulture Sparrow Hawk Ruffed Grouse California Quail Mountain Quail Spotted Sandpiper Least Sandpiper Band-tailed Pigeon Mourning Dove Screech Owl Pygmy Owl Vaux Swift Hummingbird (Selasphorus sp?) Belted Kingfisher Red-shafted Flicker Scaled Woodpecker Acorn Woodpecker Hairy Woodpecker x (in stream) x "stream) x few few many few many few many 1 aug. 28 1-3 Sep. 3 6 aug. 30 3 aug. 31 14- aug. 28 18 aug. 30 in flight over all habitats throught the period. max. no. = 5 at one time. 2- Aug. 29 1 late 5 aug. 26 # Aug. 28 40- aug. 30 # - " 31 1st Sep. 3 2 x 3- Aug. 28 - 31 1- Aug. 30 (small sandy area) 1-Sep. 3 1-Sep.1 1-Aug. 26 " 30 9 aug. 27 1-Aug. 27 10- Aug. 27 in flight over it. Aug. 30 - 31 several in flight over all valley habitats + river. 1- Aug. 29 1 < ----- -----> Aug. 28, 30 1-Aug. 28 2-Aug. 27 1-Sep. 3 1-Aug. 29 1-3 - all dates 2- aug. 27 1- Aug. 27 1st 29 2- 2-Aug. 27 1-Sep. 3 * * * [6wG] * [6wG] * [DPF] * * *

Downy Woodpecker 1-Sep.3 Ash-throated Flycatcher 1-Aug.29 Black Phoebe 1-Aug.28 Empidonax (traillii?) 1-Aug.29 - Sep.2 3-Aug.28 Aug.28 1-Aug.28 31 5-Sep.3* # Aug.28 - 31 Empidonax difficilis 1st-Aug.28 1st-Aug.31 Western Wood Pewee 2nd-Aug.28-31 Olive-sided Flycatcher Violet-green Swallow 1-Aug.29 Cliff Swallow Steller's Jay several daily. many few 1 in flight, overhld. Scrub Jay 1-Sep.3 low (chiefly in Box trees) 2-Aug.30,31 Chestnut-backed Chickadee few, daily common 2-Sep.3 few-Aug.27 2-Sep.3 several Aug.24 20th-Aug.30 Bush Tit Red-breasted Nuthatch [see Brannen Mts. list, 110; not recorded by me elsewhere] 1-Aug.29 Brown Creeper 1-2nd Daily 2-Aug.27 1-Aug.28 Wren-tit 1-3rd Daily 3-Aug.27 -28th Dipper 1-Aug.30 [retain] Winter Wren X [see Kearson's notes, not recorded by me] Robin 2-Aug.28 ----->x------>x Aug.30,31st Hermit Thrush 2-Aug.27 Swainson's Thrush 1-Aug.29 Golden-crowned Kinglet 1st-Aug.29 2-Aug.28 Cedar Waxwing X<---------2nd-Aug.28 Hutton's Vireo 1-Aug.27 closed}-31 Solitary Vireo 1-Sep.2 1-Aug.27,28 2-Aug.29,31 3rd-30th Warbling Vireo 1-Aug.28 2-Aug.29 1-Aug.30

Cagwood 1949 Journal occurrence of vertebrate species aug.26-Sep.4, by habitat, willow Creek area Habitat (see pgs. 73-84) 97-98 Species Maple-Alder canyon bottom Forest Tan Oak-Mahone -Douglas Fir Forest Madrone - Black Oak - Sarry O. weedy Field Deciduous Shrub Briar Thickets Dry Shrubland River bank Woodland Walnut Orchard Gravel or Boulders of Stream banks River (Trinity River) P. 110A dates each Habitat visited all dates (at camp) aug.27,28 aug.27,28 aug.28,29 aug.28,29 aug.28,30,31 aug.28,29,30 aug.28,29,30 aug.28,29,30 aug.28,29,30 species collected 1-Aug.28 1-Aug.29 1-Aug.30 2-Aug.29,30 Yellow Warbler Black-throated Gray Warbler 1-Sep.2 1-Sep.3 1-Aug.29,30 Tolmie Warbler 1-Sep.2 1-Sep.2 2-Aug.29, 30, 1-Aug.29,30 Chat Chat 2-Aug.30,31 [GW6] Red-tailed Warbler 2-most lots 1-Aug.27 Western Tanager common in all hab. max no. seen in one starts with trees or shrubs; day = 30's on aug. 30th Black-headed Grosbeak 1-Aug.27 2-Aug.27 x <-.............also 30,31 1-23 aug.28 [1-2 Lazuli Bunting 2+< aug.28-31 Purple Finch 2+< aug.28-31 House Finch several aug.28-31 Pine Siskin 2-Aug.27 1-Aug.27 American Goldfinch several aug.28- 31 Green-backed Goldfinch x< several-- 3-20 aug.28,31 Spotted Towhee 1-Aug.28 1-4 aug.28,31 1-Aug.29 (x) from adjacent thickets Savannah Sparrow 2-Aug.28 10-Sep.3 1-3-Aug.29 - 31 Oregon Junco 2-Aug.27 . .29 2-Sep.3 White-crowned Sparrow 2-Sep.3 Song Sparrow several, aug.28-31 Clethionomys californicus 2- Peromyscus maniculatus several Eutamias (townsendi ?) "" Citellus beecheyi 2-Aug.28 + several several bordering -> Sciurus griseus several several 1-Aug.31 Sylvilagus bachmani 2 Odocoileus hemionus 1 2

Cogswell 1949 Journal 111 Sep. 5 Willow Creek, 400 ft. Humboldt Co., to Weaverville, Hayfork and Red Mtn., 14 mi S Hayfork, 5200 ft. Trinity Co., Calif. We left our loon creek camp about 7:40 a.m. and drove the route indi- cated above. Most of the way from Willowcreek toward Weaverville the highway (US 299) college follows the Trinity River, which trends NW-SE then closer to E-W. The mixed forest of douglas fir - black oak - madrone which is pres- ent near Salter, 5 mi from Willowcreek, con- tinues for several miles. It is replaced by apparent preclimax oak woodland containing wedbud, burrion oak, manzanita, etc., on the dry river terraces and extreme lower rocky ridges and by postclimax Douglas fir forest (probably with tan oak & madrone in small amounts) on the protected N. facing slopes. After several miles there are occasional Digga Pines (Pinus sabiniana) on the drier S-facing slopes and a scattering of yellow pines (P. ponderosa) on the valley flats. In the vicinity of Big Bar the general cover of the S-facing slopes is Diggar Pine & Oak (black + live oak - Q. chrysolepis?) in a woodland formation, while the N-facing slopes are a mixture of Douglas Fir, & Black Oak with a little madrone & other species. Yellow Pine is more prevalent in the valley & also on the higher ridges visible here. By about 6 mi E. of Big Bar the Douglas fir has

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"Journal" 11/2 [illegible] 1949 Willow Creek, Meaderville, Hayfork, + Red Mtn. Trinity Co. Sept 5 (cont) dropped to below the rank of an important dominant. Through the Meaderville & Douglas City region no particular note was taken of the vegetation since these localities are outside the transect being considered by our study. One American Loretta noted enroute here (see species acct). One Fork-horn buck (Odocoileus hemionus) & a group of 5 fawns of various sizes was seen in the mountain area between Douglas City & Hayfork. South from Hayfork we drove along Salt Creek valley, which is primarily Yellow Pine forest much devastated by logging. Just south of the Peanut Saw Mill about 6 miles from Hayfork the road leads up the N-facing slope of Phelps pot Creek canyon —[illegible]— where Douglas Fir is again in evidence as a dominant tree; a few [illegible] Madrone) & a few Golden Chinquapin, were also seen here, but no Tan Oak. The southerly slope again of this same ridge, along Salt Creek, is open, and Yellow Pine forest with very scanty undergrowth at about 8 mi. SW of Peanut we turned eastward onto "Red Mtn. Motorway", a fire protection road leading over a low ridge & across Rattlesnake Creek (nearly dry), thence up a ridge to the south which is a branch of the "Rattlesnake Ridge" extending westward from Oubabella mt. (5807') and Red Mtn (5643'). During its climb from 3000'

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Cogswell 1949 Journal Red Mtn., 14 mi. S Hayfork, 5300 ft., Trinity Co., Calif. Sep. 5 (cont.) The vegetation changes gradually - first by more manzanita & ceanothus underbrush appearing under the yellow pines; then with much black oak (Quercus kelloggii) evident mixed in the forest. On the south-facing slopes are some patches of Garry oak (Q. garryana). Just before reaching the main ridge, at about 5000 ft., white fir (Abies concolor) becomes prominent as a dominant tree in the protected draws on N.-facing slopes; above this the uppermost ridge is open Jeffrey Pine - Douglas Cedar - Garry oak forest or simply shrub areas with Brewer oak (Q. garryana var. breweri), manzanita, & gentla sp. The vegetation about our camp is of two major types: white fir-Jeffrey pine-Douglas cedar forests and the Garry oak-manzanita-ceanothus shrubland. The camp is located by a small spring, with water piped into a galvanized iron tank about 6 ft. in diameter and 3 1/2 ft. high. This is in a small draw on the NE facing slope of the upper Dubabella Creek drainage about midway between D. Dubabella Mtn and Red Mtn. I set out 40 small mammal traps at the border of the forest and shrubland, went out to listen for owls, but wind is strong from the North. Heard only 1 Boon-will, which Gullion collected soon thereafter.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal Sep 6 Red Mtn, 5300 ft. 14 mi S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. Caught the following in my line of 40 traps, about 15 of which were set near a small dry ravine in the open Jeffrey Pine - White Fir - Incense Cedar forest and its rest thru adjacent shrubland. 2 Peromyscus maniculatus - during night 1 Cutaneus amoenus - " a.m. today. From 7:30 - 11:00 a.m. I worked along the ridge to NNW (there WNW) of camp for about 1 1/4 miles, to the point where the Forest Glen & Dubabella trails come to the road which follows the ridge. The vegetation on the S facing slopes is (1) Jeffrey Pine (Pinus jeffreyi) - Incense cedar (Libocedrus de. currents forest graduating into large patches of low Garry oak (Quercus garryana) trees or shrub and, thence to a very desert-like area of low spreading Ceanothus cuneatus with [illegible] smaller areas of Arctostaphylos patula? and Ceanothus cordulatus. There is considerable bare, broken rock surface on the most exposed ridge. In other parts, as at the head of a N-S canyon the forest carries on across the ridge to merge with the (2) Jeffrey Pine - White Fir - Incense cedar - Douglas Fir forest on the N-facing slopes. These 4 vegetation types (numbered 1 to 4 above) are all within 100 feet altitude of the rounded ridge top, which varies from 5300 - 5450 ft. I walked a short distance (1/2 mile +/-) down the Forest Glen trail S of the ridge, but otherwise stayed

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 115 Red Mtn, 5300 ft. 14 mi S Hayford, Trinity Co., Calif. Sep. 6 (wt.) near the crest. I collected 1 Eutamias zonurus, 1 Sitta carolinensis, 1 Junco oregonus, and 1 Certhia familiaris (see respective species accounts). Many Sceloporus sp ran from the road & nearly open rocky species. I shot one, but it was too badly mangled to preserve. It appeared to be S. graciosus. Deer sign was abundant in the road & brush areas, less so in the forest. For list of birds & mammals seen, see table on p. 123A. Sep. 7 at about 1 a.m. I was awakened by a soft chattering sound & looked up to see some animal zooming up to the top of a small cedar tree near by head. The angle of view was such that I could hardly tell what it was, but almost immediately it came down again on spread wings & alighted on a short branch of another cedar not over 2 ft from the ground. From the view of its silhouette as it glided in bright moonlight over my head I judged it to be an owl of the Screesh or Saw-whet size. It remained on its perch, which was in the shadow, so I reached for my gun & shot at it from my sleeping bag about 12 feet away. I fired a .38 avp shell, but missed it -- apparently because it was too dark for me to aim properly.

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 116 Red Mt, 5300 ft, 14 mi. S Hayford Trinity Co, Oreg. Sep. 7 (cont) I heard it give no call recognizable as to species. From about 8:00 to 10:30 a.m. I hiked over the ridge top near camp, in Jeffrey Pine-Sinewee Cedar - White Fir forest and open pine-cedar woodland with Harry oak and margets shrubs; around a low Ceanothus shrubland area and then one "bald" nearly bare of vegetation except for a mat of some woolly-leaved Lupine every 5-10 ft. or so. the weather was mostly overcast & there were a few sprinkles of rain, wind light to none from the west. Species seen were mostly the same as yesterday in this same area, but with additions as noted in the table on p. 133A. I collected 1 Xusbling Vireo, 1 meadowlark, 1 Black throated Gray Warbler, 1 Steller's Jay, and 1 Sceloporus occidentalis. Sep. 8 This a.m. to early p.m. I hiked from our camp northerly along the ridge to the junction of the Forest Glen & Dubasella- Wildwood trails with the road (same area as covered on 6th) and thence along the Dubasella trail which is here a road (of sorts). This road continues for about 3/4 a mile, passing thru the same types of forest as noted above on the 6th. Dr. Leopold was still with me, enroute to his grouse area, when I

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Cogswell 1944 Journal 117 Sep. 8 (2 1/2 mi NW) Red Mtn. 5300 ft. To South Dubakella mtn. 5828 ft. 14-12 mi. 5 Hayfork, Trinity Co., Caly. (cont) saw a gray squirrel in a large Jeffrey Pine. I shot at it, but it ran on out along a long limb (not near any other tree). from which Dr. Leopold shot it down. He prepared the specimen. Shortly above this, and still within the forest, the usual chickadees, nuthatches, and a Jay were called up by squeaking - and also 2 warbling vireos (1 collected). 2 cedar waches, 1 Downy woodpecker, were seen. at about 5350 ft. altitude the forest becomes spotty, and the vegetation along the ridge is chiefly manzanita (Arctostaphylos patula), ceanothus cuneatus, Ceanothus cordulatus [in less xeric sites than last], Prunus emarginata, Quercus garryana var. breweri. These are in shrubland or chaparral formation, but easily traversed except some of the taller shrubs. scattered trees of the forest dominants adjacent extend up to the ridge top at various places. From about 5650 or 5700 ft. or up the shrubs are smaller or very sparse to none at all on the most exposed slopes & ridges, which latter have more and more schist rock outcrop as the summit is approached. The whole aspect of this area is one of a dry alpine slope; but scattered low Ceanothus, and several types of suffruticent plants covers up to 10 % or so of it. on the N.-facing slopes the "chaparral" reaches

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 118 Sep. 8 D. Dubakella mtn., 5828 ft, 12 mi. S Hayfork Trinity co. Red mtn (our camp), 5300 ft, 14 " " " calf. (cont.) the ridge top except on rock outcrops, main Dubakella mtn, seen just to the N. of th South Peak, is covered with "chaparral" of that type even on the uppermost peak; but there are bold areas corresponding to those at lower elevations on the ridge extending eastward from it. vertebrate species noted here were few: * = see species act. forest "chaparral" - bare upper border shrubland slopes. Scleropus gracilis x x x Canis sp 1 cathartes aura 2 over / * accipiter cooperii <--- . . . . . . ! * Pandion haliaetus 1 " * Orcortyx picta x x x * Selaiphorus sp. 14 Coleptes cafer 1 Xenuids rustica 2 over gymnotis stellata 1 Garrus gambeli x Sitta canadensis x Dendroica auduboni 1 ---> 1 Rensiga ludoviciana 1 * Passerculus sandvicensis 1 -----> 1 * Ectanias brownardi 1 + " sonomac x x * " amoenus x x x * Citillus lateralis 3 * " beedeji 1 ##

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 119 Red Mtn, 5300 ft. 14 mi. S Hayford Trinity Co. Calif Sep.8 Soon after dark I heard a screech owl in camp & about 9:45-10 p.m. I spotted owls (see species accounts). The evening was clear and windless with a bright moon. Also saw 1 flying squirrel run into a hole, in a dead snag, heard it come out again - got the flashlight on it in time to glimpse it as it scurried up the trunk. A moment later I heard the typical "plop" of its landing on another tree, followed by more rustling of its nails on the bark. Sep.9 About 8:30 a.m. I started Southward along the ridge toward Red Mtn itself, which is 2 1/2 mi. from our camp. The ridge trends ESE for about half that distance. The vegetation along the ridge is similar to that near our camp - since I have not covered this in detail I will list the associations recognized here & their major component species: 1. Open pine forest - on most slopes, thinning out toward the ridges or on serpentine ex- posures. Dominants: Pinus ponderosa, Pinus jeffreyi, and hybrids of same (abundant); Larocedrus decurrens, Pines lambertiana (few). Interstitial - understory: Quercus garryana (more over 20 ft. high), Ceanothus cordulatus, Arctostaphylos patulae, Ceanothus prostratus, amelanchier alnifolia, Prunus emarginata, Symlocarpous sp.

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Cogswall 1949 Journal 120 Red Mtns., 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Mayfork, Trinity Co., Lab. Sep. 9 (cont.) - 2. (white fir forest) - in draws on northerly slopes or other moist, protected slopes. Dominants: Abies concolor, with considerably less of Pseudotsuga douglasii and Libocedrus decurrens, Pinus jeffreyi, Pinus lambertiana. The canopy tends to be more nearly closed than the last. In several areas, apparently nearly virgin, the canopy was completely closed except for openings where old trees had fallen. Understory, chiefly Symphoricarpos albus with some Rosa, ocasionally Brumus emarginata, Ceanothus cordulatus. There are large areas of down logs & twig litter in a few upper canyons. 6 of the 7 springs located were surrounded by this association. A few Salix regeliana and Salix sp as well as small green herbs occur around some of those springs, but their extent is insufficient to provide habitat for any riparian type vertebrates. 3. (Manzanita-Ceanothus shrubland) - on the S faces and over the tops of the moderately exposed ridges. Varying in aspect from a nearly solid growth (''chaparral'') to a sparse open formation of very low shrubs. The latter could perhaps be designated a separate association; but there are usually some taller shrubs near enough that

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 12) Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Wayford, Trinity Co., Calif. Sep. 9 (cont.) birds inhabiting one range thru the other. Dominants: arctostaphylos patula?, ceanothus cordulatus, ceanothus cuneatus (these 3 abundant, the last extending onto more xeric slopes than the first two); quercus garryana var. breweri (abundant locally); brimus smarginata, amolanther alni folia, coriocarpus betuloides, Harrya sp. Purshia tridentata (on xeric slopes with C. cuneatus). The only understory is ceanothus prostratus - occasional Symphoricarpos; - these occur only in the more mesic situations. 4. Barren "balds" - on most xeric ridges, serpentine exposures, etc. Less than 10% of the surface has any vegetation - that is of low- scattered suffruticent plants (Lupinus sp., Erigonum sp., a very small grass, etc.). The rock exposed is mostly much broken - more or less flat on the surface; there are scattered small to 20 ft. diameter rock outcrops which become more frequent in similar areas at higher altitude on S. Dubabella Mtn. (see p. 117). Vertebrate species seen in these habitats during our stay at this camp are listed in the table on p. 123A. From 10:15, when I observed the Augry Owl (see sp. acct), until 11:30 I stayed near "Smoky Creek Spring #2" which is at the head of the East Fork of that creek about 100 yards below the road.

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Coggswell Journal 122 Red Mtn, 5300 ft. 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Cal. Sep.9 (cont.) This is in the open pine forest on a w facing slope just above a small opening apparently caused by serpentine exposure. There is a narrow belt of shrubs around this opening. Birds and chipmunks were numerous (see table, p. 123A#, and species accites of Glauisium gnoma, *Dendroscopus albolarvatus, *Basserella iliacia, Eutamias amoenus, *Eutamias sonomae). One chickaree was also seen heard; it apparently wanted to come to the water but found my presence some 50 feet away too much to overcome. Beyond this point I walked to within about 1 1/2 miles of Red Mtn. itself. collected 1 of each species starred in paragraph to the above (2 of Basserella) at the spring, and 1 Eutamias townsendi about 1/2 mile further south east. Photos were taken of the area near Smoky Creek Spring, of the view south-eastward to North Yolla Bolly Mtn. from the point farthest from camp which I reached, and of (3)(4) (5) vegetation types encountered along the ridge. Sep 10 From 7:40 to 10:30 a.m. I hunted thru the shrubland a small barren "field" on the ridge by our camp, thru down thru open pine forest into the

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Cognell 1949 Journal 123 Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14 md. S Keyford, Trinity Co., Az. Sep. 10 (cont.) White fir forest in the upper end of Dubabella Creek canyon. There is a spring in this latter area which is larger than the one by our camp. It is apparently much used by cattle, deer, & birds; but no carniv- ore sign was noted near it. The stream below it is permanent for some distance, being about 3 inches wide at the bottom of a 6-foot entrenchment in the canyon. From here I climbed up thru open pine - cedar - barry oak woodland & manzanita- ceanothus shrubland on the S. facing slope beyond the canyon, which leads just E. of the narrow road which leads toward South Dubabella Mtn. (see Journal p. 116). I collected 2 Hermit Thrushes (see species acct). From the Dubabella Trail I followed along it to the Red Mtn. road, thence back to camp. noted 1 Tuleated wood- pecker & 4 Deer near the road. at camp in the late a.m. I stood by the spring squeaking up small birds; after I had about 20 chickadees & 4 or 5 nuttallies all noisily scolding me, a Sharp-shinned Hawk came crashing thru the trees after the birds (see sp. acct.) Spent rest of day skinning, not writing, peeling.

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Coquell 1949 Journal P.123A (P.3) P.123A pt.1 Species recorded, Sep.6-10, in Red Mtn.-S.Dubakella Mtn. area, by Habitats-> Open Pine Forest White Fir Forest Manzanita-Ceanothus shrubland Barren "Balds" Sceloporus occidentalis few few " graciosus few abund. common Eumeces sp. 1---> Turkey Vulture in flight overhead Sharp-shinned Hawk 1 Cooper's Hawk 1 1<----1 Osprey (1 migrating over) Mountain Quail 10<--->---> Screech Owl 1 Pygmy owl 1 Spotted Owl 2<--> Poorwill 2+----> Hummingbird (Selasphorus) 1<--- Red-shafted Slicker 4 1 Pileated Woodpecker 2 Hairy Woodpecker 1 Downy Woodpecker 1* (at border)-----> White-headed woodpecker 2 Violet-green Swallow (4 in flight overhead) Barn Swallow (2 " " " ) Steller's Jay 1-5. daily 3 Mountain Chickadee abund. abund. few (mean) White-breasted Nuthatch 2 Red-breasted Nuthatch common common Creeper 1 to 3 daily Wren-tit 1 heard singing. Robin 4

Coganell, 1949 Journal P. 123A (pt. 2) Species recorded, Sep.6 -10, in Red Mtn- S.Dubakella Mtn. area, by Habitats -> Open Pine Forest White Fir Forest Manzanita-Ceanothus shrubland Barren "Balds" Hermit Thrush 3 Western Bluebird 1 pair Townsend's Solitaire 2 <--- ---> Hodden-crowned Kinglet few several Pipit 1 Solitary Vireo 1 daily in 1 or more of four habitats Warbling Vireo 5 1 2 Orange-crowned Warbler 1 3 Audubon's Warbler 1&3 daily few few 1 Hermit Warbler 1+ Black-tailed Warbler 1-3 Daily Western Meadowlark 1 Western Tanager 3 Cassin's Finch 1-2* daily Pine Siskin 2 over Green-backed Goldfinch several flying over Red Crossbill 1 or 2 heard Green-tailed Towhee 4 Spotted Towhee 2 Savannah Sparrow 1 Oregon Junco abund. common few Fox Sparrow 4 Nestors sp. 1 nest found. Peromyscus maniculatus common Cistias townsendi fairly common fairly common " sonomae common few very abundant " amoenus abund. common fairly common common

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Cogswell 1949 Journal p.123A (p3) Species recorded, Sep.6 -10, in Red Mtn.-S.Dubakella Mtn. area by Habitats -> Tamia: Sciurus douglasii Citellus beecheyi Citellus lateralis Lepus californicus Odosileus lemniscus Sciurus griseus Open Pine Forest 1+ 3 1 fem. several White Fir Forest 3 Manzanita-Ceanothus shrubland several 2+ (near ->) 1 (near ->) (many tracks?) (Bergen.) Barren "Balds" 2

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Cogswell 1949 Journal 124 Sep. 11 Red Mtn. 5300 ft. 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co. Calif., to Beegum, ft. western Tehama Co. and thence ESE to Red Bluff, Highway US-99 W & Winters cut-off to Berkeley. We left camp at 8:15 a.m. & drove, without stopping, along the Red Mtn. Ridge Road to the point marked "Brushy Mtn." on the U.S.G.S. topo map (Hoaglin, 1932 quad). Here we turned N onto a N-S trending ridge for a short distance & then down slope to the east, following the road past Beegan Meadow, n. Fork of Beegum Creek, Harrison Valley Ranger Station, and Glatura and Beegum. All of this portion of the trip is written the transect being studied by MVZ personnel, so perhaps a few notes on the area tris- versed and its major vegetation types are in order. 1st. The Red Mtn. ridge is all pretty uniformly open pine forest with occasional shrub areas on the "balds" and with Douglas fir as a component of some of the lower slope forests. 2- at "Brushy Mtn." the first bush chinquapin (Castanopsis sempervirens) was noted along the road. General vegetation still much the same as 1, however.

Coquille 1949 Journal 125 Sep. 11 (cont.) - Red Mtn. of Beegum, Trinity & Tehama Cts., Calif. (cont'd - see pr. 124) 3. Begun Meadow - a fine, moist mountain meadow, surrounded by more or less typical Sierim type coniferous & black oak forest. Some Douglas Fir still mixed in mesophytic slopes. 4. S-facing slope of ridge between middle & north forks of Beegum Creek - patches of Deigger Pine, live-oak (Q. chrysolepis or ? sp), and cercocarpus betuloides, arctostaphylos sp., & ceanothus integerrimus. canyon of 5. N-facing slope of N. Fork Beegum Cr - forest of Douglas Fir, yellow Pine, Sugar Pines, Black Oak, & Golden cup oak with several madrones, Cornus nuttallii, & Comylyus rostrata in the understory near the bottom of the canyon. along the stream itself is a fine riparian strip of alder (presumably Alnus rhombifolia) and maple. There is a public camp ground along the stream just above the road. 5. facing slope opposite the above - typical upper Sonoran Deigger Pine - chaparral, with cercocarpus betuloides & arctostaphylos canescens (2) prominent. vegetation 6. Bakers Flat Creek - a repetition of the relations of the 2 slopes of N. Fork of Beegum Creek, but the stream is dry where the road first reaches it. Then the road parallels the middle

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Coywell 1949 Journal 126 Shasta Sep. 11 (cont.) Red Mtn. to Beegum, Trinity & Tehama cos., Calf. (cont'd) - fork of Cottonwood creek (into which Bakers flat cr. runs) for a 3 mi. stretch where Pigger Pines, oaks, + yellow pines are in scattered, complicated arrangement. From here (Harrison Gulch Ranger Sta.) I took little note of the zoning until we reached: Platina and Beegum: 7. - on certain slopes near Platina & over with areas above Beegum there are [illegible] solid stands of chaparral + also bits of Red-bud-Boison- oak shrub thickets around edges of the valley. 8. From Beegum on to the S.E. along "Dry Creek" & across subsequent creek drainages. The road to Red Bluff passes thru an almost continuous stretch of Pigger Pine - Blue oak - Valley (?) Oak - Burkely woodland which appears much like the Sierran Upper Sonoran zone. As in that area, the Pigger Pines do not extend so far out toward the valley as the oaks, which here reach right into Red Bluff, and can then be seen dotting the hillsides to the N.E. of town and continuing on up the lowest foothills [illegible] just east across the valley. Shrubs noted commonly in them

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Cogswell Journal 127 Sep. 11 (cont) Red Mtn. to Beegum - Red Bluff, Trinity, Shasta, Tehama Co., Calif. broad belt were Rhys diversifolia, Rhys trilobata, aretostaphylos manganita? (especially common on low river terraces near Red Bluff). The truck being disabled by 2 flat tires about 8 mi. out of Beegum along Dry Creek valley, Yulkin, so I waited with it while Dr Leopold & Murray went on to Red Bluff - had then repaired. although the area in which we thereby spent about 4 1/2 hrs. (11:00-3:30) is outside of the transect, the following list of birds which I saw or heard incidental to my writing of notes may be of some interest: Turkey Vultures - several (6+) Red-tailed Hawk - 1 Sparrow Hawk - 1 Mourning Dove - several Red-shafted Slicker - 2 (1 eating berries of R. diversifolia) Lewis Woodpecker - 3+ Acorn Woodpecker - several Nuttall's woodpecker - 1 Say's Phoebe - 1 (around open field in valley) Scrub Jay - several Plain Titmouse - " White-breasted Nuthatch - 2+ Bewick's Wren - 1 House Finch - several Green-backed Goldfinch - " Brown Towhee - 2 also noted near Harrisson Hulch Ranger Sta: California Thrasher - 2 and near Red Bluff : Sharp-shinned Hawk - 1 Spark Sparrow - many Raven - 2 (flew over 6 mi. S of town)

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Photographs taken by me on this expedition pp. - 127a - 127k = BIG LAGOON area pp. 127l - 127r = FRENCH CAMP area pp. 127s - 127v = WILLOW CREEK - BRANNAN MTN areas pp. 127v - 127aa = RED MOUNTAIN area

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127a 49-8-5 Aug. 9, 1949 Campsite just E. of S. end of BIG LAGOON, Humboldt Co. This grassy spot is separated by a few alders & stringers of Rubus thickets from Maple Cr. 49-8-6 Maple Creek near this camp. Spruce, Alder, Willow, and thickets of Rubus. Includes habitats of nearly all birds recorded today. Aug. 9, 1949

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1276. 49-8-7 UC car at old ranch on SW facing slope of 1st ridge E. of Big LAGOON. The forest in background is mostly redwood. [For the reverse view see # 49-9-7] p.m.- Aug. 15, 1949 View from this same ranch, showing fog rolling in across Big LAGOON and up MAPLE CR. VALLEY — an almost daily occurrence. 49-8-8 p.m.- Aug. 15, 1949

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127c p.m. Aug. 15, 1949 Keith Murray and I 49-8-9 Forest, fog belt chaparral, and grassland at old ranch at end of road on SW slope of 1st ridge E. of BIG LAGOON. trapped for mammals here. See journal p. 49-8-10

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Sand Bar blocking Big LAGOON from ocean. Trinidad Head in mist 49-8-12 p.m. Aug. 15, 1949 127d 49-8-11 Looking S. across the South end of Big LAGOON from slope above ranch in preceding pictures. The marshy portion of lagoon, where shorebirds were collected, is visible beyond the causeway which carries US-Route 101. Compare pic. # 49-8-8 taken about 1hr. earlier. Our camp located here.

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127e Aug. 16, 1949 a.m. US Route 101 49-9-2 TRINIDAD HEAD and BIG LAGOON, from top of cliff on 1st ridge E. of latter about midway of N-S extent of lagoon. a.m. Aug. 16, 1949 49-9-3 [illegible] portion of panoramic view is missing here

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127 f. 49-9-5 Aug. 16, 1949 The white tent of MYZ expedition is near L. edge of L. picture. The ridge beyond is the one toward camp in R. picture. Hammond Lumber Co.'s center of operations across log pond in R. picture. NE of Maple Cr (and E. of Bie LASOON). 49-9-6 Aug. 16, 1949 Panorama of log pond and ridge from which Marbled Murrelets flew. camp is visible in cove at forest border see 49-9-7 (on next page) for more of panorama)

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1278 Aug 16, 1949 HQ-9-7 Panorama (cont'd) from SE of BIG LAGOON. marsh in which shorebirds were collected occupies flat in middle distance. Ranch visited on Aug 15 & 16 is visible as a group of light patches (grass) on slope just beyond forest.

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127h. 49-9-8 Aug.16,1949 chapparal & grassy areas on ridge = same as in 49-97 Alders, apples along forest edge. Fog belt 49-9-9 BIE LAGOON & ridge E. of it, from S.end W.of highway. Gravel Beach in foreground was habitat of Spotted Sandpiper. Forest across lagoon is of Sitka Spruce, lowland Fir, Coast Hemlock, with Redwoods just upslope. Aug.16,1949

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127i Marsh at S.E. end of BIG LAGOON from S. end of highway bridge -- the scene of all our shorebird duck, trail collecting. Hammond Lumber Co. buildings across the marsh. 49-9-10 Aug.16,1949 Fog belt chaparral on W side of 1st ridge E. of BIG LAGOON, looking N. along road which I hiked, censused birds, Verminus celatus collected in foreground. US Route 101 49-9-11 Aug.17,1949

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127 Aug. 18, 1949 Burned over slope along Maple Creek 1/2 mile above bridge & 3/4 mile above our camp. Plants are Epilobium, Bracken, Alder, Maple, Willows, the blackened stubs. Redwood stump at right is about 12 ft. high. 49-9-12 49-10-1

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127k. View of Maple Cr. at sharp bend where Traill's Flycatchers were collected from thickets of Elder, Thimbleberry, etc. in foreground. Burned over slope is similar to that in 49-9-12, 49-10-1. Aug. 18, 1949 Roosevelt Elk at Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. Note browse line on orchard trees, Virgin forest in background. Aug. 19, 1949

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1271. SCENES NEAR FRENCH CAMP, HUMBOLDT CO. - AUG. 20 - 26, 1949 49-10-4 Aug. 20, 1949 Schoolhouse Peak (with bald top) from French Camp Ridge NE of it. Ocean visible in distance. Douglas Fir forest on slope in middle distance. Garry Oaks on Schoolhouse.

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127 m. Shrub regrowth stage of burned forest where Wren-tits were collected NE-facing slope near site of 49-10-4. 49-10-7 Aug. 21, 1949 View within tan oak-chinquapin brush where Wren-tits were collected, French Camp Ridge. 49-10-6 Aug 21, 1947

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127 n. View of French Camp. MVZ tent among Incense Cedars & Douglas Firs, Meadow in foreground is dry except for spring out of photo to right. 49-10 -10 Aug. 24, 1949 View within Douglas Fir forest on French Camp Ridge, showing also madrone, Tan oak, & Rhododendron. Taken at 7:35 a.m. just NE of camp. 49-10-8 Aug. 24, 1949

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1270. 49-10-9 Aug. 24, 1950 Dr. Pearson at French Camp, checking mammal skins for fly larvae.

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127p. Aug. 24, 1949 Hoopa 49-10-11 View SSE ward (up Trinity River Valley) from French Camp Ridge near camp. Indian Reservation includes valley at the right. 49-10-12

1279. 49-11-3 (red filter) View WNW from Coyote Peak, Humboldt Co. The coastal fog blanket covers the horizon. The Bald Hills, culminating in Schoolhouse Peak (with lookout) and Coyote Peak, were the scene of much of my collecting out of French Camp. Garry Oak woodland extends upslope onto grassland above the highest forest of Douglas Fir, except on N. side of the peaks. Aug 24 1949 (yellow filter) Humid forest on S. side Coyote Peak apparently due to abundant subsurface water. (Large spring). Schoolhouse Pasture Rock on grassy ridge. Schoolhouse tr.

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49-11-5 (part) 49-11-8 Panorama of Bald Hills, Humboldt Co., from near Schoolhouse Pasture Rock (see # 49-11-3). I slept one night (Aug.24) near the barn at L. edge of forest in R. picture. Garry Oak on S. slope in middle distance. Douglas Fir forest on N-slopes beyond R. Aug. 24, 1949 137-7 49-11-7

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1275: SCENES near camp 3 1/2 mi. N WILLOW CREEK, HUMBOLDT CO. Aug. 26 - Sep. 5, 1949 (including BRANNAN MTN. - several 828 kodachromes also taken in this area) Douglas Fir Tan Oak forest. patch of woodland 49-11-8 N of Willow Cr., Humboldt Co. Aug. 31, 1949 Trinity River, mixed woodland and shrub area (at L center) where Gordon Gullion and I collected on Aug. 29-31. Mergansers, Mallards, Green-winged Teal visited the river here.

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127 T. 49-11-9 Johnson Prairie, from its south edge, 1st mi W & slightly S Brannan Mtn., Humboldt Co. The forest is a mixture of Douglas Fir, Incense Cedar, Yellow & Sugar Pines, & Tan Oak. 49-11-10 Sep 1, 1889

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137 u. Small bog in saddle 1 mi. W Brannan mtn, and 4½ mi.-from Johnson Prairie. The trees showing as light gray are Chamaecyparis lawsoniana. 49-11-11 Sep. 1, 1949 Horse Linto Cr. Canyon Coon Cr. Canyon Looking E across Trinity River Valley from summit of Brannan mtn. Trinity Alps show faintly under cloids in distance. Day was hazy. 49-11-12 Sep. 1, 1949

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127V SCENES near RED MOUNTAIN camp. TRINITY CO. Sep. 6 - 11, 1949. Trees are White Firs water tank filled from spring. 49-12-10 Camp of MVZ expedition near Red Mtn., just before we packed up to leave. Sep. 11, 1949

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127 W 49-12-1 Sep. 9, 1949 See Dubakella (bald) & Dubakella Mtms. from ridge near our Red Mtn. camp. White Fir - Jeffrey Pine forest, and chaparral of Arctostaphylos patula & Ceanothus cuneatus, etc. 49-12-2 Shrubland slope (SW facing) 1+ mi. SE of Camp: Sep. 9, 1949 our Red Mtn. Ceanothus cuneatus, Cercocarpus betuloides, shrub Garry Oak, Jeffrey Pine, Incense Cedar, & (at right distance) Arctostaphylos patula.

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127A 49-12-3 Smoky Creek Spring No. 2 (in foreground). and moist spot. forest of Jeffrey x Yellow Pine, Incense Cedar, Douglas & White Fir, with understory of Ceanothus cordulatus & Arctostaphylos patula. The open spot at right is serpentine rock surrounded by Ceanothus cuneatus.

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1274 View of N. Yolla Bolly and Black Rock from ridge N. of Red mtn. (SSE of our camp.) 49-12-4 Sep. 9, 1949 Dobakella Mtms. From ridge N of Red Mtn., ½ mi. N of locale of 49-12-4. Dense conifer forest on NE- facing slope + mixed shrubs & small "balds" on ridge top collecting site of Myadestes townsendi 49-12-5 Sep. 9, 1949

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1272 Sep. 10, 1949 49-12-7 (same spot as 49-12-1). from the East, near our Red Mtn. camp. and South Fork Mountain (long, smoothly forested) South Fork of Trinity River (fog-blanketed) 49-12-6

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127 aa Sep. 10, 1949 49-12-9 High shrubs among open forest near border of latter on S. Dubakella Trail, Trinity Co. see Journal p. for description. 49-12-8

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3. Aug 1973 Cogswell, H.L. 1949 Species accounts Amphibians Reptiles Birds Mammals

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Cogswell 1949 Ensatura eschscholtzii Aug. 25 1 mi. S. Coyote Road, 3200 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. about 11:00pm I found one (= 66 ) individual of this species under the moist, moss covered bank on a large fallen Douglas fir in forest of some trees on NE facing slope. This is apparently practically virgin forest, with many large trees & sparsely intermediate a few small ones. There is a scattered undergrowth of tall Cornus nuttallii, Lithocarpus densiflora, & in the nearby slight ravine, Corylus rostrata & Allen infundibulum circinatum. See also note of Murray & Sullion. The site of collection is about 1/2 mi. up slope from the headwaters of a branch of Little Pine Creek, but Sullion saw the bed of its stream & said it was dry at this point. Douglas fir forest extends unbroken from here to the Klamath River, and via a few stringers of forest across this ridge it connects with similar forest (+ Redwood) along Redwood Creek.

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Cogswell 1949 Aneides ferreus aug 25 1 mi. S. Coyote Creek 3000 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I found 2 (o-#s 64, 65) under the bark of the same log as the 1 Ensatia [illegible] [See account of that species for description of area]. Further search of several smaller logs, or older ones with bark gone from them revealed no salamanders, although Sullivan & Murray found others further down the slope.

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Cogswell 1949 Asaphus truei Big Lagoon, 250', Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 14 along the small boulder & log stream stream about 1/2 mile up the road from the Hammond Timber Camp toward the ridge E. of the lagoon (where Dr. Pearson's & my mammal traps were set for 2 nights) This species is common. The larvae cling to the surface of stones in pools or in swift water & are easily caught. I collected two, one light & mottled in color (= # 27) and one almost solid black (= # 25). Dr. Pearson found a small adult here yesterday. Others of the party went back this p.m. & got several more specimens [See notes of Murray, Miller, et al]

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Cogswell 1949 Bufo boreas Aug 9 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co. Calif a specimen picked near the road (logging) near our camp last night was prepared today. It was in grass near the edge of a log filled pond at about 9:00 p.m. last night. Others were seen in damp fields & along the stream bed (gravel to sand bars) by camp today. Aug 10-19 - common in this same habitat everywhere in the valley. Tadpoles were found abundantly in the slightly algal lined pools in the portion of Maple Creek where gravel digging had been done in the bed (1 1/2 mi. inland from lagoon). Sep 3 Brannan Pkts, 3700 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif - I collected 2 along the dusty road just W. of the main peak after dark in the evening. one was hopping into dry leaf litter under shrubs of open pine forest and the other was attempting to scale a 4 ft. road cut bank. The nearest water known to me is approxi mately 1 mile away.

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Cogswell 1949 Rana boylii Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. aug. 29 The Trinity River 1/2 to 1 mile N. of town here is swarming with these frogs. They leap into the water, even the fairly swiftly flowing parts over the rocky rapids in a side current carrying knee-deep water. One was collected near such a site and 1 from a tribu- tary stream where it trickled down across algal covered stones on the winter flood banks of the main stream. One large tadpole, probably of this species, was seen.

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Cogswell 1949 Sceloporus gracilisus Sep. 1 Brannon Mtn., 3957 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif. one 3:00 p.m. was collected here from a pile of boards & shingles, which is all that is left of an old lookout building. The mtn is on the highest part of the peak, in an open area with low boulders, grass & dry herbs, and surrounded by arctostaphylos shrubs (3 sp.) and open pine forests. The Temperature was estimated to be about 80-85° F. when two lizards were first seen here -- running between sections of the board pile when I back the truck over ground nearby. The one collected had re- mained in the shade of a board for 30 seconds or so, after having been chased for several seconds. It bobbed upward on its legs several times after arriving in the shade. Sceloporus sp. were seen along the road at abundantly various points within the open pine forest at higher altitudes here and also in drier ogh-madrone or exposed ridges & chaparral areas below the main Douglas fir belt; but the latter were probably S. occidentalis. Sep. 3 many noted in this same area, including some -4 very small individuals. Sep 6-10 Red mtn ridge, 5300-5400 ft. 14 mi. S Wayford Trmity Co. Calif. - This sp. is abundant in the more open shrubland and "chaparral", in open pine forest, and in the barren rock areas where any large rocks are nearby. I collected on 10th

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Cogswell 1949 Podilymbus podiceps Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug 13} One seen in Pondweed channels of marsh Aug 17} at southeast end of lagoon on 2 of my 3 visits there. [Sullivan collected 3 others in the area]. When alarmed the bird(s) I observed took refuge in the sedge marsh by splattering over the surface of the pondweed with feet aided by flapping of wings.

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Cogswell 1949 Releanus occidentalis Aug.8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. 3 seen flying over the open lagoon waters on Aug.16 (only date the N.end of the lagoon was examined with binoculars). 2 were seen over the ocean nearby on Aug.17.

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Coggswell 1949 Phalacrocorax auritus Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 16 One in glossy black plumage with bright yellow gular pouch seen near east shore of north end of lagoon about 2/3 the length of the lagoon N. of the highway bridge. It surfaced from a dive and flew away while I watched from the road above. at least 7 cormorants of a size such as to be either this species or B. penicillatus have been noted during the last week on the main lagoon. Aug. 13,17 5 to 7 large cormorants on the lagoon or perching on rocks along E. shore or on sandy beach.

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Cogswell 1949 Ardea herodias Aug.8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. a few (not over 5) were seen or heard regularly both about the shores of the lagoon (pebbly beach and cordweed flats) and along maple creek and the log pond. Aug.28 Trinity River, 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif 1:40 p.m. one, in adult (white, black head) plumage, flew up from gravel bank along a calm stretch of its river. Sep.3 one seen along bank of stream near same locality.

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Cogswell 1949 Casmerodius egretta aug. 19 S. end of Stone Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. one seen in marsh, [illegible] as it was chased by a Great Blue Heron. observation made from associated Gasoline Sta. on E. shore with 9x binoculars. Sep. 5 Douglas City, ft, Trinity Co., Calif. - I see standing in bed of Trinity River near the highway bridge here. The stream is perhaps 30-40 ft. wide here, with ex- tensive gravel banks.

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Cogswell 1949 Butorides virescens one or more. Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif., observed almost daily along Maple Creek (gravel bars & logs), where it is bordered by riparian wood- land and in the upper end of the marsh. They were all silent when flushed, contrary to the usually observed recorded habit of this species.

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Capewell 1949 Nyctiorax myctiorax Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug 11, 13, 15 Three birds on each date, flying over camp at dusk, headed up maple creek valley from the direction of the marsh.

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Logswell 1949 Anas platyrhynchos Aug. 13 S.E. end of Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - at least 6 ?-plumaged birds seen on Pondweed channels & flats or scuttling into sedge marsh (one could apparently not fly). Aug. 16 3 seen in another, nearby, area of the marsh. Aug. 30 Trinity River, 1 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. Six ?-plumaged birds flew up from the river at the sound of a gun fired by Bullion in woodland ¼ mile away. [For description of river here see Journal, p.98].

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Cogswell 1949 Anas acuta Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 13 - Estimated 30 present on Potamogeton channels & flats just E. of highway bridge. Aug. 16 - Estimated 30s in same area. Water level now distinctly lower & ducks are feeding on the tangle of Potamogeton left exposed on the mud flats. Aug. 17, 18 - Small groups seen flying over Maple Creek valley as far as ½ mile from the lagoon & marsh

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Cognwell 1949 Anas carolinensis Aug. 16 S.E. end of Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. I observed. It flew in and alighted before the Pintails which I had flushed from the flats 10 min. before. Aug. 31 Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 3 indi- vividuals, 2 of them apparently SB coming out of ?? edgewise plumage, were flushed from the Trinity River here. They flew to a calm, shallow portion near meeting point of a gravel bank and a high earthen one with bushes along it. Over 1 hr. later they were still there.

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anas cyganoptera Cogswell 1949 Big Lagoon Humboldt co. Calif. Aug. 13 2 in ? plumage flew from pondweed channel when I approached from carex sp. marsh

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Cogswell 1949 Mergus merganser Trinity River, Aug. 28 7/3 mi. N Yellow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif. a flock of 14 G-plumaged individuals was resting on rocks at the upper end of an area of rapids in the river here as I approached about 1:45 p.m. They pushed off into the calmer water just upstream from their perches; and toward me, as I came up along the bank near them. Then, they swam out toward mid stream, turned & took flight headed downstream & around 2 bends of the river & out of sight. All of these appeared to be in typical full breeding plumage of the G; no call notes were heard. [These birds not at this place in a.m. of 29th.] Aug. 30 at least 18 G-plumaged birds seen in this vicinity this a.m. at 8:45 there were G swim- mng & diving in the shallow, relatively turbulent water over rocky bed just N. of the suspension bridge. They flew & joined 3 or 4 others along the W side of the stream just to the N. I shot at 1 of these which was up on a rock at the water's edge; wounded it, but it swam rapidly out into the stream & dived before I could get to it. I searched stream & banks for 1/2 hr. without finding it. The others flew downstream (N), and a few minutes later I counted 17 flying from that portion of the river.

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Cogswell 1949 Cathartes aura aug 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Observed frequently - daily in flight over all habitats. Also noted perched in dead snags of 3-year old burn, and on gravel bar in bed of maple creek at edge of marsh (2), and on the sandy beach (2). Aug.19-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. and the "Gold Hills" along ridge NNE of Coyote Peak. Seen frequently - daily in flight over all habitats. Never more than 4 seen together; on the 19th as we drove past it, one individual was perched atop Schoolhouse Pasture Rock which overlooked two slopes of Schoolhouse Peak. Aug.26-Sep.4 Willow Creek vicinity 400-1000 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. A few seen daily, flying over the valley of the Trinity River and adjacent forested slopes. Sep 1,3,4 Brannan Mtn. 3500-3950 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Several flying over upper slopes - over both Douglas Fir-Tanoak and open pine forests. Sep.8 S. Dubachella Mtn. 5500 ft., 13 mi. S Keyford Trinity Co., Calif. 2 seen flying over, circling & flapping to get to an updraft over the ridge S. of the peak. They appeared to be migrating, disappearing finally far to the southward.

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Coggswell 1949 Accipiter striatus Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 8 one found dead by Dr. Pearson along my first trip line -- at border of spruce-alder forest. [This one later skimmed by Dr. Miller, = his # ? ] Aug. 18 one seen circling over our camp near the same spot as above -- 1/2 mi. from SE end of the lagoon. Aug. 23 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. one seen in camp in late a.m. It approached over the tree tops with a wave of retreating juncos in the trees in front of it. as it came into the clear- ing it dropped to just above the ground and kept at this level on into the forest & the NE. Sep. 5 Trinity River canyon near Del Soma, 1200 ft., Trinity Co., Calif. - one seen flying over pine- black oak woodland in small flat in another much deeper canyon. Sep. 10 (2 1/2 mi. NNW) Red Mtn. 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Keyfork, Trinity Co. Calif. - one, in immature plumage, observed closely but briefly about 11:30 a.m. as it dashed thru the trees bordering the spring by our camp to chase small birds I had squeaked up (see Journal). It perched about 20 yards from me; but as I changed loads in my gun, it flew closer yet just for an instant - then glided off down canyon beneath the tree canopy before I could shoot it.

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Coquell 1949 Accipiter cooperii Sep. 8 S. Dubabella Mtn, 3500 ft., 12 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. A large (? ?) immature-plumaged bird flew low over the summit & perched in dead top of a white fir at border of forest 100 yards down the steep N-facing slope. It preened for a while and flew off to the N., low over the ground, when I tried to approach it. Sep. 9 (2½ mi. NWW) Red Mtn, 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. I see flying above tree tops over open pine forest near our camp.

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Cogswell 1949 Buteo jamaicensis 500 ft. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 15 An immature was seen about 4:00 p.m. soaring low over the low shrub-covered ridge just east of the lagoon. Aug. 16 An adult, "red-tailed" bird was seen soaring at about 500 ft. altitude above Maple Creek Valley near our camp (1 mi. E of S.E. end of Big Lagoon) in early p.m. Aug. 19-26 French Camp, 3,100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. and "Bald Hills" NW of Schoolhouse Creek, same region. 1 or 2 seen daily, an adult, red-tailed bird screamed when I went onto the NW- facing burned-over slope near camp. Some of those seen (= 2+) were "immature", without the red tail; one of these was seen perching in low tarry oaks; all others used tall dead Douglas firs if they perched. The species seems to avoid the dense forest, but was seen in flight, obviously foraging much of the time over the grassland, the broken grass balds, and over the brush-filled farms and the tarry oak-woodland.

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Cogswood 1949 Randion haliseetus aug 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - one or more observed occasionally over the lagoon or marsh, one over the log pond, and twice (on 16th & 17th) calling from dead spruce top near maple creek 1/2 mile inland from its lagoon. aug. 17 one seen standing on the gravel beach of the E. shore of the lagoon. Several ~~fish skele- tons with whole head + tail attached are scat- tered along this beach [= ? work of osprey].

Cogswell 1949 Fales sparveria Aug. 19, 22 "Bald Hills", ½ to 2+ mi. NW Schoolhouse Peak, 2200 - 2600 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif. Frequently seen in the ranches (sheep) and over some of the Barry Oak woodland. A group of 8 and one of 5+ individuals, probably a family group seen at one point (see journal for this date). Aug. 24, 25 Coyote Peak, 3600 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif. - 1 ? seen each day, over the Broken-grass "Bald" area on the N. side of the peak and perching in nearby forest edge trees. Aug. 29 Willow Creek, 400 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif. a pair (? + ♂) soared up from weedy field & woodland border, 1½ mi. N. of the town, the ? rising first to a height of 500+ ft. before the ♂ started up. They flapped in series of 10-15 strokes, alternated with periods of soaring — an action much like that often seen in Accipiters. However, I saw the falion shape well, and the rufous tail with black subterminal band identified the ♂ positively. Aug. 30, 31 - 1 seen in same area. Sep. 3/4} 2½ mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif. I seen at border of mowed hay & standing corn fields — it uses fence posts for foraging perches as well as telephone poles & trees of the woodland border.

Cogswell 1949 Sopherly x california Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. At least two families of about ½ grown young were present in the bramble thickets, dry grass- land, and border of spruce alder forest and riparian woodland along Maple Creek near Camp. Others were heard in the 3-year old burn area 1 mile up valley. Aug. 28 Willow Creek, 470 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif.: A cooey of nearly grown young birds (+ adults?) was partly flushed & partly frightened into running behind an old barn by the Willow Creek Hotel. The land there appears to be an abandoned orchard, with patches of blackberry grow- ing over jim beams. Aug. 30 1 mi. W Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif.: a cooey of fully 40 birds, including several young birds and 2+ adult males, flew a few at a time from the boulder, moss, blackberry & fern understory of the alder woodland in "pocket" of old river ter- race (See journal p.99). Aug. 31 A smaller group seen in mixed woodland.

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Cognwell 1949 Ortyx picta 1 Aug. 20 French Camp, 3250 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. A family of 7/8 grown young (+ adults I assume) were jumped at the border of grassy area and tall brush. The shrubs are spaced enough so that one can walk between them easily, if it were not for debris of the Douglas Fir existing here before a fire. Castanopsis chrysophylla and Lithocarpus densiflora are now dominant, with some Quercus chrysolepis. I collected 2 of the young birds (females) Aug. 24 1/2 mi N Coyote Peak, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. A covey of at least 20 birds, most of them nearly grown young, ran & flew from the road in logged off area here. Sep. 1 Three Creek Road, [illegible] mi N, 34 min West, 1/2 mi S, 34 min Willow Creek, Humboldt Co., Calif. Several seen in Tanbark - Black Oak - Douglas Fir forest near Garry oak woodland. Sep. 3 1 mi E Willow Creek, 600 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 1 ran from road along steep side of Trinity River valley near mouth of Bremer Creek. Mixed Douglas fir & broad-leaved forest nearby. Open river at foot of steep slope. Sep. 8 S. Dubabella Mtn., 5700 ft., 12 mi S Hayfork, Trinity Co., (9:40 a.m.) Calif. As I topped the open ridge just N of the summit several quail ran into the low manzanita & buckberry oak shrubs which is the only "cover" at this point. I stalked toward them and collected an adult which was "on watch" atop a small rock just over the ridge between shrubs. Thereupon

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Cogswell 1949 Oreortyx pieta 2 Sep. 8 Dubabella Mtn., 5700 ft, 12 mi. S Keyfork, Trinity Co. Calif. (cont.) The covey flew scatteringly to the denser shrubs at the border of the white fir- pine forest, [illegible] yards down slope to the North. I counted at least 8 immatures, among those which flew.

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Rallus limicola Coquill? 1947 Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Two To 10 or more heard in tule and sedge marsh areas at S.E. end of lagoon on each visit there. One? (sounded like a young bird) was also heard frequently from wet undergrowth while others along a tiny stream near our camp. On Aug. 12th I saw an immature along Pitler Creek ½ mile from the lagoon; it ran up from the stream, this at this point is without vegetation, and into the Smilacina & other herbs on forest floor. Then it reappeared briefly about 20 yards away, then ducked back into the forest when I raised my gun. Aug. 17 One was flushed from the thin Canex & Saripes fronting on the gravel beach at the mouth of a small stream emptying into the lagoon about ½ mi. n. of the n. end of the Highway bridge. It flew cross the stream into denser marsh vegetation which fills the small valley between beach and highway.

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Cogswell 1949 Barzana carolinia Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co. Calif. Aug. 13 at the border of the sedge (not Scirpus) paddles a Botamogeton near the mouth of Maple Creek just E. of the highway bridge I saw two, shot one (an adult, = #22), and heard at least three others in nearby sedge or Scirpus growths. The one obtained had just been feeding in the Botamogeton beds a few feet from the sedge. Its stomach held several hard, black seeds as well as a partially digested mass of green material. Aug 16,17 - Several heard in t[illegible] tule and sedge marsh areas at S.E. end of the lagoon. "Keek" calls were the only ones identified as this species. No "see-ree" calls were heard.

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Chasdrinus vociferus Cogswell 1949 aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Two were seen, ofen together, on several dates in this period settler on the gravel bars of maple creek near the border of tule marsh + wet grassland or flying over that general vicinity.

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Cogswell 1949 aug.13 Squatarola squatarola Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. A flock of 10+ large, gray shorebirds with the build of a plover were seen flying with the Pintail ducks I had just previously scared up. Although I did not see them closely enough to see the bill or the black axillars, I feel sure they were of this species.

Cogswell 1949 Aeg 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co. Calif. - regularly seen in 1's and 2's along Maple Creek (to at least 1 1/2 mi. inland of mouth) where there were [illegible] regardless of adjacent vegetation. Also, up to 3 together on pebbly beach of E. side of the lagoon. Aug 28-29 Trinity River, 2 1/2 mi. N [strikethrough]Yellow Creek, 400 ft. Hum- boldt Co. Calif. 2 seen, foraging together, along gravel & boulder shores of river in a stretch of rapids. Both were without breast spots; one at least, had light buffy edgings on back feathers. Aug 30-31 3 seen in the same area - all three together on both dates.

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Cogswell 1949 Tringa solitaria aug. 19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. a single shorebird, of slender build & of [illegible] approximately the size of this species flew over our camp (½ mile from S.E. end of lagoon with its fresh-water marsh) uttering a high “peet-weet” call at intervals. I have heard this call several times from this species, and although I at first thought it was likely a [illegible] flavipes; but upon further consideration I remember that the call of that species is more whistled and of [illegible] somewhat lower pitch. Resultant identification as this species (T. solitaria) is therefore tentatively made.

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Cogswell 1949 Tistanus melanoleucus Aug. 13 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. one seen and shot at, but misses, along the gravel bars of maple creek at the [illegible] inland border of the tule marsh of the S.E. end of the lagoon.

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Cogswell 1949 Erolia minutilla Aug. 13, Aug. 16, 17 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. from 3 to 20: were seen on each visit to the marsh at the SE. end of the lagoon. They foraged on the bits of bare mud among the stands of Carex as well as across the flats with Juncus left on top of the mud by receding water levels. “Deep”, presumably mostly this species, were also seen or heard frequently in the evening from our camp ½ mile inland from the lagoon. Some of these flocks flying SE-ward up People Creek valley were composed of up to 100 birds. Aug. 20 Trinity River at Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I saw one at close range with 9x binoculars to note the dark breast & pale greenish legs. I had been searching the stream & banks for the wood- elk arm. Merganser when my scanning came upon the sandpipers. I quickly reloaded & shot at it, but it escaped the shot which fell all around it, then flew off to the southward.

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Cogswells 1949 Ereumetes mauri Aug 13, 16, 17 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co. Calif. A few seen on each visit to the S.E. end of the lagoon, on the pondweed covered mud flats exposed by receding water level. None were seen among the Carex stems as were the least Sandpipers.

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Farus occidentalis Cogswell 1949 Aug 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Several (up to 25+ on 17th) on the main open lagoon or its sandy beach beyond it. None were seen in the marsh east of the highway bridge. Of those seen, adults seemed to be outnumbered by 1st-year birds.

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Logswell 1949 Larus californicus Aug 13 } Aug 16, 17} Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. At least one adult of this species seen on each of these days. Several immature gulls were also noted which were either this or I. delawarensis. They were usually on the main, open water part of the lagoon, but were once seen soaring over the marsh at the SE. end. Also, on Aug. 16 or 17, an immature flew in low over Maple Creek among the riparian woodland ½ miles in from the Lagoon.

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Cagwell 1949 Larus delawarensis Aug 13,16,17 - Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Several of the immature gulls on the lagoon (up to 10 or so in total number) were probably of this species. One collected (but not saved) on Aug. 13 definitely was this species -- a bird going into 2nd year plumage, minus a tail except for pin feathers.

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Cogswell 1949 Brachyrampus marmoratus Aug.8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Almost every morning in our camp, ½ mile up Maple Creek valley from the S.E. end of the lagoon and about 2 miles from the ocean, we heard the calls of this species given by birds in flight. This call is a high-pitched squealing whistle: "whreeeeeee-lee". During the first days of our stay, they seemed to always pass over to the north of us & also seemed to be headed toward the mountains to the NE. The last few days all those heard or seen were going in the opposite direction. The time of their passing varied from 4:45 a.m. to 5:55 a.m., the most often about 5:20-5:30 on Aug.14 or 15. Three birds were seen, one of them quite well in silhouette against the dark gray clouds. I was struck by the length of the wings in comparison to the usual impression of an alcid as seen from the side. On the 18th several having been heard early in the morning, three were also seen passing over camp & headed toward Trinidad. When about over the log pond near us & still quite high, two of them went into a suddenly increased speed and deflected their line of flight downward as if headed for the ocean directly offshore. The 3rd bird continued on at the higher level; on the 19th two were seen.

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Cogswell 1949 Columba fasciata Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - Frequently seen in flight over any part of the area, in groups of 2 to 10. Their favorite perches were the deal tops of tall spruces, the deal trees in the 3-year old burn, and tops of the tallest alders. Larger numbers flew over the brush covered slope E. of the lagoon than were ever seen in Maple Creek valley. On two occasions during the period I heard the "grating buzz" call (usually given during nuptial display flight); hooting was frequent. Aug. 19-26 vicinity of French Camp, 3100 ft., and Schoolhouse, Coyote Peaks, Humboldt Co., Calif. Common. For distribution in various habitats see Journal p.86. Hooting was still heard occasionally at the end of this period. The "grating buzz" call was heard only once - from a bird flying a short distance between 2 dead trees in the burned over area. One individual was collected (#53) on Aug. 23 (see Journal). Aug. 29 1 mi N, Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif - 5 flew in, & alighted in tall manzanita bushes on river terrace at top of high, river-cut bank. Sep. 3 2 1/2 mi N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. flock of 4 flew over, headed southward up the Trinity R. valley. Sep. 4 2 1/2 mi W Willow Creek, 2000 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif - about 15-20 flew from Douglas Firs on S side of Brannan Pk when we got out of our car. mid a.m. on a hot day.

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Cogswell 1949 Zenaidura macronura Aug. 11 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. one flew over our camp, headed up Maple Creek valley. -- The only one seen by me during our stay there (Aug 8-14). Aug. 22 a.m. Bald Hills, 2200-2500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - a flock of 10 and a flock of 4 were seen feeding on stubble fields + along roadside near the NW.end of the largest prairie (N. end Manegos Ranch) in the area labelled "Childs Hill Prairie" on the U.S. War Dept topo. map, Layote Peak Quadrangle. These birds were too wary to approach with gunshot range. late pm. 2 flew up from roadside just W. of Schoolhouse Peak as I drove past. Sep. 1, 3 2 1/2 mi N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 1 seen on wires + in tree tops of woodland areas bordering grass stubble, corn fields, + peach orchard. [collected by Sullivan on 3-2]

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Otus asio Aug. 22 1 mi. WNW Schoolhouse Creek, 2300 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 10:00 am. As I was attempting to imitate an owl to call up some birds from the brush, I was answered 3 times by a low, faint call which approached the regular tremolo pattern of this species. Closer investigation brought silence, but I found a hollow Barry oak stub with owl feathers and a few old pellets lying about the base. I could rouse nothing from the stub. The location is just within the belt of Barry oak below the large prairie which extends from here on to NW & SE, and above the Douglas Fir forest. The calls & the hollow tree were on a flat "knoll" or an otherwise steep SW facing slope. 7:15 pm at the same spot, after 1/2 hr. or so of waiting and calling & squeaking in vain, I finally had an owl in the lower branches of a large oak. Upon collection it proved to be a juvenile (= ?) still in soft, downy body feathers. It flew from perch to perch within the oak canopy (of several trees) calling a querulous "whzee-u" occasionally, I scolded me with a grating note. Just as I shot it, another owl, presumably of this species flew past. A few minutes later one was heard giving a low tremolo call and the "whzee-u" note alternately; but I could not locate the bird. Aug. 26 (evening) 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. One heard calling from within branchwork of maple-alder forest in bottom of Iron Creek canyon.

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Cogswell 1949 otus asio 2 (2 1/2 mi. NNW) Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. Sep. 7 - 1 a.m. - (See journal account of observation of what was probably an individual of that sp.) Sep. 8 In the early evening, but well after dark, one was calling the regular tremolo call of this species from the cedar-fir trees of our camp ground. It became silent (or left the area?) when I tried to go closer to it.

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Cogswell 1949 Bubo virginianus Aug. 23 10:10 p.m. Spanish Camp, 3100 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. Call of ? heard several times from burned-over area SW of camp. Aug. 24 about 7:05 a.m., along the road just NE of camp, we alighted in the tree over me, jerking the branch so noisily that I looked up. But, not then knowing it was an owl, I seeing only a Steller's Jay (which had apparently followed the violin) I raised my gun to shoot it and the owl flew out & sailed off downhill thru the tall Douglas Firs. at dusk, with western sky still bright, we heard the typical call of the ? from the burned over area again. I went toward it & after some time finally saw the bird, perching on side branches of tall dead tree after another & making short flights between. The owl was obviously foraging over the tan oak - chinquapin brush, using its trees as convenient perches. It did not respond to my poor imitation of its notes. Aug. 24 at about 7:00 p.m. one (or 2?) male began calling from its burned over area down slopes to the SE of camp. Mullion & I attempted to approach it, but unsuccessfully. Later, as it was dark except for a glow in the west, I saw one fly from perch to perch in the dead trees of the burned over area SW of camp. It appeared to be foraging in its brushland by this method.

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Cogswell 1949 Glaucidium gnoma Aug. 24 (7:40-45) P.M. French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. One was heard calling from lower branches of the Douglas Firs around a small grassy area below the spring near our camp. It gave both the singly spaced "hoots" every 1½ to 2 seconds, and the rapid "whu-whu-whu-whu-whu-whu-whu" call followed by the slower ones. I tried to approach the bird after it failed to come closer to me; but I did not get to see it. Aug. 27 7:15-7:30 a.m. mid-a.m. 3 mi. N. Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I heard one calling (and glimpsed it briefly) in the upper branches of the maple-alder forest on the N-facing slope of Loon Creek Canyon. It gave the rapid call occasionally, + the slower one for short periods at a time. [Dr. Pearson collected one here on its 28th] One called briefly from the Tan Oak-madrone Douglas Fir-Chinquapin forest about ½ mile W. of the above spot, or on the same slope. Sep. 1 Three Creek + Brannan Mtn. roads, 4½ mi. W Willow Creek, Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 heard, 1 of them called toward me but not obtained. Both in Douglas Fir-Tan Oak-madrone forest. Sep. 3 Brannan Mtn., 3700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Two heard calling in evening from open pine forest along ridge top + next a.m. I heard 2 at different points Sep. 4 nearly 1 was able to call one into tree top over me. Shot at it, but failed to obtain it.

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Cogswell 1949 Blaucidium groma 2 Sep. 9 (2 mi NW) Red Mtn, 5300 ft. 15 mi. S Hayford, Trinity, Co., Calif. On the W facing slope just below the ridge top here I gave my "Ryngny owl" call to bring in some small birds from the Jeffrey Pine - Incense Cedar forest below me. After a group of Chickadees & Nuthatches had been scolding me for some time, I heard a Ryngny owl calling farther down the slope. I kept on whistling the slow tempo call with only an occasional rapid tempo one, and it finally flew closer & alighted on a side branch of a tall dead cedar about 60 yards down the slope. I shot at it, although I could not see the ground below its perch because of intervening trees. The bird went off the perch backward; but a search of the area below it did not reveal a specimen.

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Cogswell 1949 Strix occidentalis Sep. 8 (2½ mi. NNW) Red Mtn. 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Kayford, Trinity Co. Calif. at about 9:50 p.m. Two individuals of this species began calling from the trees near our camp (border of open pine forest & a small path of white fir). They gave a typical spotted owl bark, but without any fancy garbled endings: “who’ you - wu - woo - woo - woo -” No distinct difference in pitch could be was noticed between them. They (or at least 1 of them) also gave repeatedly a pure whistle starting on a low pitch rising gradually until at its end when a sharp rise finished it abruptly, thus: whooooooooooooo Neither bird seemed to pay any attention to my imitations of either of their calls. The whistling became more frequent & barbing less frequent as they moved on up the mountain toward Dubahella Peak. They had called for a 10-15 min. period near camp, but we did not get to see them, having expected them to come closer to our calls.

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Cogswell 1949 Chordeiles minor Aug. 9-18 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. 1 or 2 flew over our camp, ½ mile up Maple Creek valley from the lagoon, on several dates, in the early morning hours and once at dusk. "Spec(n)t" calls were heard from some of them. I saw no diving or "booming", but Mullion reported that he did. Aug. 25 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Dr Pearson reported seeing 3 this morning. At sunset bright one was flying erratically over the canyon to the NW of French Camp Ridge, and at about 7:10 - 7:15 p.m. two flew, separately, over camp from NW & SE, then I going in a fairly direct course. All were too high for shotgun range. No calls were heard.

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Cogswell 1949 Phalaenoptilus nuttallii (1 mi NNW) Sep. 5 Red Mtn. 3300 ft. 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. (early evening) I heard calling "poor will" notes several times from sally in low shrubland area on ridge top here. Sep. 6 Heard calling at 10 p.m. from our camp. Sep. 8 .. .. 6:50 p.m. .. .. .. Sep. 9 .. " " evening .. .. ..

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Cogswell 1949 Chaetura vauxi Aug 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. way common. They were most in evidence, i.e., more in the air close together, over our camp for about ½ hour, after sunset. The last one usually disappeared shortly before myotis yumanensis appeared in numbers. They were numerous during mid.morning & mid p.m. on several dates along the ridge E. of the lagoon, over the marsh at the S.E. end of the lagoon + about the gravelly stream-bed of Maple Creek 1½ miles inland: one was collected near the log pond on the 13th, a few hundred feet from the inland edge of the tule marsh. Aug.22 "Bald Hills", 2½ mi. NW Schoolhouse Peak, 2500 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif. an estimated 100 or more were flying about over the grain field + stubble fields here, near (+ over) the edge of Douglas Fir forest: many swallows were here also. These were the only swifts seen while we were at French Camp. They were absent from seemingly suitable places in the vicinity of Schoolhouse Peak + on French Camp Ridge. Aug.27 3½ mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I seen over lower Croon Creek canyon. Aug.28 Horse Tints Cr. canyon, 3000ft. ½ mi N, 1 mi E of above locality - about 10 seen in flight over forested slopes. Aug.30,31 2½ mi. N Willow creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Several seen in flight over woodland, field, gravelly river banks.

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Cogswell 1949 Calypso anna Aug. 19 Stone Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. An in- complete male, with red crown & partially red throat was seen around a bush with trumpet-shaped flowers at the associated gas station here. It drove a & plumaged Selasphorus hummer away and sang briefly.

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Cogswell 1949 Selasphorus sp. Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. From 1 to 3 (all in & plumage) seen on 5 different dates during the period, the 3's being around the border of the spruce-alder forest or the open pasture with thistles; also on the 3-year old burn, where they fed about the abundant blossoms of Epilobium angustifolium, and in the "chaparral" of the ridge E. of the lagoon where they likewise fed at Epi. lolium. On the 14th I saw one hovering about several blossoming heads of Scirpus sp. in the inland end of the marsh; it was obviously obtaining something from them, apparently not resting material, for nothing could be seen in its bill as it flew away. Aug. 19 Stone Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - 1 chased from trumpet-shaped blossoms of shrub [illegible] near associ- ated gas station by a young ? Calypte anna. Aug. 20 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 1 & plum- aged bird seen in burned over area now regrown to tan oak & chinquapin shrubs. Flowers were very scarce in this dry situation. Aug. 24 1 ?-plumaged bird flew thru our camp, under the canopy of young Douglas firs & incense cedar. Aug. 29 1 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - The distinctive "buggy" chatter of this genus was heard from woodland bordering Trinity River. Sep. 8 S. Dubabella Mtn. 5600 ft., 12 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. 1 ?-plumaged bird alighted on a margaenta twig just over ridge of a high barren ridge. I shot at it, but it flew away thru the bush.

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Cogswell 1949 Aug.8-17 Megaleryle aleyon Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Regularly seen along [illegible] Maple Creek, most commonly where bordered by riparian woodland or strewn with logs affording convenient perches but also occasionally over the open stretches & about the log pond. Toward the end of this period two were seen in extended chases above and below the tree tops, the pursuer rattling noisily all the time. Perhaps this is territorial defense (?). The young son of the Hammond Lumber Co. fire guard told us the Kingfishers had been going in & out of a hole in the dirt bank of Maple Creek a few hundred feet above the bridge (1 mi. inland from lagoon) up until about 10 days before our arrival. Aug.28 Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. one flew from snag over edge of Trinity River. Aug.30 I seen along river near the same place.

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Cogswell 1949 Colaptes cafer -1 Aug.8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. occasionally heard in valley of maple creek near our camp; but several were noted on each trip into the 3. year old burn (Aug.10,18) and the "chaparral" covered slope E. of the lagoon. In the latter habitat they were seen perched on fence- posts projecting but slightly above the brush- salal-azalea canopy, and also flying up from the ground in one open place in brush. A few "songs" (i.e., long series of single notes) were heard in the 3. year old burn area. Aug.20-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 1 or 2 heard or seen daily in * near our camp, in open Douglas Fir-Tanbark oak forest. They were also noted (1) in Harry oak woodland NW of Schoolhouse Creek, and in mixed forest border of balds near Coyote Peak. Sep.3 2 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 7:40 a.m. I collected 1 ? plumaged individual from a group of 3 tall (Quercus kelloggii) trees at the border of the oak-madrona forest described on p.93 (Habitat #3). The area here is a mixture of the various oakman trees, well-spaced with bracken, black- berry, klamath weed, and half coffeeberry between an open grass (stubble) and corn field of the Patterson Ranch is immediately adjacent. Upon opening the stomach of this bird I found it to contain 3 large berries (sp.?) and 1 beetle larva. The species has been heard occasionally in this vicinity for several days.

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Cognwell 1949 Colaptes cafer 2 Sep. 1 "Johnson Grass", 3500 ft. 1 mi WSW Brannen Mtn, [illegible] Humboldt Co, Calif - 1 heard calling from mixed Douglas Fir-Tan oak - madrone - Yellow Pine forest. Sep. 6/10 Red Mtn. ridge, 5300-5500 ft. 14 mi. S Hayfork, single individuals Trinity Co. Calif., heard or seen on 4 different days in open pine forest & once in the white firs near camp.

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Cogswell 1949 Dryocopus pileatus Aug. 18 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. One was seen about 1 mi. up Maple Creek valley from the lagoon. It flew across from the S., slighted near the top of a dead spruce tree; meanwhile call- ing constantly a repetition "wick - wick - WICK- - WICK - : - -" etc., varying both in intensity & slightly in pitch. It soon flew back again to into the 3-year old burned area; but was not noted there again when I reached it 1/2 hour later. Aug. 21 French Camp, 3100 ft, Humboldt Co., Calif. One was heard, giving the same call as described above, and glimpsed as it flew across the burned over area near our camp. [See Journal p. 75 for description of area, habitat] Aug. 27 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 100 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 9:00 a.m. Found 2 individuals (pair?) close together in Tan oak - madrone - Douglas Fir forest on N. facing slope of Look Creek Canyon (see Journal for description). They were calling occasionally, the series of 5 or 6 shrill notes resembling the Flicker's call, but dropping in pitch at the end. The ?[which was] seen well) once gave a longer series with variations in pitch & loudness as described on Aug. 18. I also watched it drum on the dead & partly insect riddled core of a live Tan Oak about 20 ft. from the ground.

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Cogswell 1949 Dryocopus pileatus 2 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 27 (cont.) Its position when drumming was at quite an angle with the vertical: apparently it did not want to, or could not, cling to the wood in the narrow scar; but the wood there was resonant & produced a loud, hollow sounding drumming. There were several such scarred Ten Oaks in the vicinity, and just up slope from them, a slash area with many felled madrone trees & some dead snags. It was on the latter that the woodpeckers were first seen. Finally, I climbed onto a large, firm Douglas Fir stump & stamped my heel several times on it. The 7 woodpecker left his drumming post immediately & flew m. o' digits on the opposite side of the trunk of a nearby tree. I stamped again & he flew to a still closer dead snag; but apparently recognizing me then as dangerous, he flew back toward the drum-ming site landing on a Douglas Fir trunk. I collected him at this point. He gave a shrill, but weak, scream as the shot hit him. Aug. 28 Sep. 5 Calls of this species were heard daily from our camp near this area. 2 individuals called back & forth repeatedly on Sep. 2 - 3. Sep. 1 Brannan Ints., c. 3000 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - ! heard.

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Cogswell 1949 Dryocopus pileatus 3 Sep. 8 (2 ½ mi NNW) Red Mtn., 5300 ft. 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. The shrill 6 or 7 notated call, as described above, was heard from the vicinity of our camp — in white fir — incense cedar — Jeffrey pine forest. Sep. 10 The same call was heard repeatedly this a.m.; s finally about 10 a.m. I saw [illegible] a J giving it from yellow x Jeffrey Pines about an open serpentine rock & brushy slope ½ mi. W of our camp.

Cogswell 1949 Balanophora formicivora Aug.19-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt C., Calif. - 2 or more heard or seen near our camp daily. Their main range was down slope in the burned over area with many tall dead trees and Tan oak - Chingrin pine brush [see Bullion's notes on that area]. Aug.27 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt C., Calif. - 2 or more were heard, 1 of them seen, in Tan Oak - Black Oak - Douglas Fir - Madrone forest on the W end of the ridge S of Coon Creek. There is a strip near this ridge top where many trees have been felled (but not Tan Oaks) so the woodpeckers were staying near it. Sep.1 1 mi. W Branner Mtn. 3200 ft., Humboldt C., Calif. - In a slash area with many Tan Oaks and some Douglas Fir still standing Bullion & I distinctly heard the "wreck-it" call note of this species.

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Cogswell 1944 Sphyrapicus varius Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. aug. 18 8:10 a.m. along the road up main maple creek canyon, about 1 mile S. of our camp (therefore 2 mi. S.S.E of the lagoon shore) an immature of this species flew onto the upper trunk of an alder near the stream. I shot it, and it flew out over the canyon and circled irregularly up & down & around for fully a minute or two *finally came back to the west* side of the canyon where it tried to alight in a group of small alder saplings among a tangle of burnt logs 150 ft. up the slope. It fell among the branches of the alder, where I found it hanging by a wing & still alive although a shot wound was visible on either side of the head. by me The only other one noted during our stay here was an adult which stopped briefly in alder trees near our camp on aug. 13. aug 20, 22 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. " 25 one seen in Douglas fir - Incense cedar forest on other dates. One was collected on the 25th.

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Cagwell 1949 Dendrocopos villosus aug.8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif., Common, but found singly in all habitats with trees (including pure redwood forest). It was distinctly Common in the 3. year old burn with its many dead trees than in other habitats. The only calls heard from them during this period were single loud "peek's, or occasionally a short rapid repetition of the same, up to 3 or 4 at a time. a few woodpecker drummings heard in the burned over area were attributed & this species. aug.20-26 and "Ball Wells" NW of Coyote Peak French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - Several seen or heard daily. They were found in Douglas Fir forest most commonly only sparsely, less so in the burned area (trees long dead), and only a few in the oak woodland. aug.27 3 mi. N Yellow Creek Humboldt Co., Calif. On the Madrone - Tan Oak - Douglas Fir forest on the N- facing slope of loon Creek Canyon, 2 were heard (1 seen). I also saw 2 in the madrone - Black Oak - Harry Oak forest on the S. facing slope & collected one of them. They were, except for a few chickadees, the only birds evi- dent in the latter habitat in late a.m. aug.28-Sep.4- The species was noted frequently in this same general area. Sep.1 - W. slope Brannon Mtn., c. 3000 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I was heard in Tan Oak - Madrone - Douglas Fir forest.

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Cogswell 1949 Dendrocopos villoso 2 Sep. 8 (2 1/2 mi Nnw) Red Mtn, 5300 ft. 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. One came flying in to top of a tall dead incense cedar in our camp at 7 a.m., calling repeatedly. I collected it.

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Cogswell 1949 Dendrocapos pubescens aug 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Distinctly less common than D. villosus. Habitats observed in were: spruce- alder forest; willow - alder riparian woodland ; 3- year old burn (on dead trees) ; a few long "whiny" calls were heard during this period. aug. 22- 23 Schoolhouse Peak, 2500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. one heard as I passed by in car thru Harry oak woodland - on 22nd. at about 6:15 a.m on 23rd I found an immature F in this same general area + collected it. [see journal, p. 81]. The stomach of this specimen (#59) was nearly full of insect remains, including some grasshopper legs. Grasshoppers are exceedingly abundant in the "prairies" here + are probably serving as food for many species with other types of diet under natural [illegible] circumstances. aug. 25 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - one was heard calling in the Douglas Fir - Incense Cedar forest , with small tan oaks + thimblespin, near our camp. aug. 30 2/3 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. . I heard calling from mixed woodland in river valley [see journal]. sep. 3 2 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - I heard calling from Blackoak. Harry oak- madrone forest bordering shrub land. sep 8 S. Oubabella mtn. [illegible], 5500 ft., 13 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. - one seen (a shot at, but missed) in Harry oak - Jeffrey Pine - Incense cedar woodland of 15-30 ft trees on ridge top.

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Cogswell 1949 Dendrocopos albolarvatus 5300 14 mi. S Hayfork Sep.6 (2 1/2 mi NW) Red Mtn 5300 ft. Trinity Co. Calif. 8:10 a.m. I chased one of this species from tree to tree, going from SW facing slope over onto NE. It alighted only near the top of the trunks of the taller Jeffrey Pines. It called the rattled, dry "jik - kik - kik" every time it flew & sometimes wh perked. Its flights were about 50-70 yards each, and I was not able to get a shot at it but had several brief good views of it in flight, noting the white head & wing patch. Sep.8 (2 by N&W) Red Mtn, 5300 ft. 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co. Calif. - I collected a ? from trunk of a tall yellow x Jeffrey pine by "Smoky Creek Spring # 2" which is at the head of the East Fork of that creek & near the site where, Puffing Owl was observed [see act. of this species]

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Cogswell 1949 Myiarchus cinerascens Aug. 29 1 mi. N Willow Creek, 450 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. as I stood on a tongue of the dry "plateau" (old river terrace see Journal p. 97) covered by dry shrubland bordering the alder- filled ravines, a large flycatcher flew into the top of a tree at the head of one of the ravines. It showed much reddish brown in its tail and wings as it flew over me just before alighting about 60 ft. away. It was not visible to me when it perched in the tree, or when I moved it flew on across the ravine. After making my way there I could find no trace of it. There is no doubt in my mind, but that the bird seen was of this species.

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Cogswell 1949 Sayornis migraria (3/4 mi. N) Aug.28 Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - one seen along the Trinity River here, by a side pool bordering on Cottonwood - willow-sawel woodland. Aug.31 I seen in same area.

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Cogswell 1949 Empidonax traillii Big Lagoon, 100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 18. In maple creek canyon, about 1,2 miles S. . .4 mile W. of our camp, I collected two juvinal birds (#37 blue and 7517 Miller) from thickets of Elder (Sambucus racemosa) and Rubus parviflorus & R. vitifolius. They were flitting from perch to perch frequ- quently, always in the Elders, which overtopped the [illegible] other bushes by 2 ft. or so. Occasionally, it was fed by a 3rd bird (not obtained). This 3rd bird and at least 1 of the young called repeatedly a low wh-r-r-it to almost the regular "weeps" of the typical full songs of this species. The tallest trees nearby were some 10 ft. redwood sprouts from a stump on the slope to the east and a small group of 15-20 ft. alders to the south -- but these birds were not seen to visit either. The slopes above were covered with recovery vegetation as described in my journal. 1 Photo was taken of the habitat. Aug. 29-31 \frac{1}{3} mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif.- Empidonax flycatchers, including several which close observation indicates are this species, are common along the borders of the woodland & berry thicket areas in the Trinity River valley. All are calling only a soft "pit". Several were seen out in the open dry field also where they foraged from will-bush bushes or even elm trees.

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Cogswell 1949 Empidonax wrightii Aug. 20 3200 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif. Near the same spot at which I collected an Opornis tolmeici (see account of that species for description of vegetation) there were 3 Empidonax flycatchers. Two stayed well within the branchwork of the tan oak + chinquapin bushes near the ridge top, calling persistently: "ks-zeell---pit-----ks. zeell", etc. I caught only glimpses of them. The other one perched about the lateral margins of the shrub canopy, on nearby low snags, and twice flew up into outlying branches of the nearby dead Douglas firs. It called a simple "pit" at intervals of about 2 secs for a while, then was silent, then resumed this calling. It was finally collected, and a brood patch noted on its belly. I think the two in the shrubbery were its young. 10:30 a.m. Found the young ones fluttering from bush to bush in more open area with no salad near the above spot. They were calling yet, a rendition might be closer to : "pit ---- kizick ----- kizick kizick", etc. I collected one of three young ones observed. A bit later at the border of the burnt forest (now regrown to chinquapin & tan oak) about 150 ft. alt. below the ridge top on the SE-facing side I saw another family of young being fed by at least 1 adult.

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Coquell 1949 Empidonax difficilis Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 15 I shot an immature from an alder thicket near our camp along Maple Creek, just after it had been fed by an adult. I thought it was possibly E. traillii', but the specimen proved otherwise. It was too badly shot up in the head to be prepared, however. Aug. 24 Coyote Peak, 2900 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - I collected one (#62) from forest border area (See Journal, p. 83). It is an immature, with 5th & 10th primaries nearly the same length and broad bill; so despite its whitish throat I assume it is this species. The only call I heard it give was the non-specific Empidonax type of "whit". Aug. 28} {"31} {2/3 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. noted in the mixed woodland & orchard area of the Trinity River valley (see Journal for description) - I saw closely a yellow underparts noted on 28th; I heard calling "fee-feet" on 31st. Many others of the numerous Empidonacces present may have been of this species.

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Cogswell 1949 Contopus ruficollis Aug.8-19. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Fairly common in spruce-alder forest, Riparian (alder, willow) woodland & border of these with grassland. Also noted in Spruce-fir forest and in 3-year old burn. Full "pee-yeeer" calls given all thru this period. Aug.21 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - I heard calling in Douglas fir forest. Aug.24 I seen together in Douglas fir-Tan Oak forest with considerable understory. This species has been unexpectedly rare at this camp. Aug.29-30 1/2 mi. N Yellow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. one adult, giving full "song" ("peeeewr"), and one young one apparently begging food from the adult with a wheezy "preeee". I did not see the adult feed it, but the 2 were followed thru several adjacent walnut trees of an old orchard. Aug.31 I collected 1 (*92) from the Bay-Cottonwood-Oak woodland strip bordering the Trinity River near this same orchard.

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Cogswell 1949 Nuttallornis borealis Aug. 10 of Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co. Calif. about 1:30 p.m. collected one from its perch in top of 35 ft. Sutha spruce above t[illegible] & elder thicket up, tangle on lower hillside about 1½ mi. from SE end of lagoon. There are scattered Douglas fir & some spruce nearby which are much taller; also a few tall alders. The brush is the dense deciduous thicket which extends part of the hill W. of maple creek. I watched the bird dive from its perch once & the pick up an insect from near the brush canopy. Aug. 11 [Upon skinning this bird next day it was found to have 2 black & yellow-banded wasps & many other miscellaneous insect fragments in its stomach]. Aug. 8-19 This species was fairly common in Spruce-alder forest and in the 3 year old burn; I was also noted in wet Alder-maple forest & 1 in Red wood forest. Aug. 14-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif. Common open Douglas fir - Tan oak forest near camp, in the burned over area & at borders (only) of more moist coniferous forests. A nest, placed about 60 ft. up & next to the trunk of a 75 ft. Douglas fir on the edge of the burned area, held large young being fed by both parents on Aug. 21. The "song" ("what pees you") was given only occasionally during this period; but the "pip-pip-pip" note was incessant.

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Cogswell 1947 Muttalornis borealis 2 Aug. 28 Willow Creek, 450 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. One silent individual seen in cottonwood (Populus trichocarpa) and other trees along the Trinity River bank adjacent to an old orchard.

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Cogswell 1949 Tachycineta thalassina aug. 10. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif (1 mi. 3SE of camp) An adult & an immature were flying with members of Tree Swallows up & down the gravelly bed of the stream here, which runs in a fairly narrow canyon, one wall of which is being dug away by steam shovels. The adult was collected & turned over to Dr. Miller for preparation the following day (= his # ). aug. 14 at least 3 immatures were on wires near S.E. end of lagoon with several Tree & Barn Swallows. I collected one of the immature violet greens (= # 26) aug. 16,17 Several seen each day flying over the "chaparel" and small grassy area & adjacent forest bor- ders along the W. facing slope of the first ridge E. of the lagoon. 2000 ft. aug. 22 2½ mi. NW Schoolhouse Creek, Humboldt Co., Calif. at least 15 were seen among other swallows & too many swifts flying over grain & stubble fields here. No others noted in Bald Hills or French Camp areas covered. aug. 28 Willow Creek, 400 ft, Humboldt Co., Calif. A large flock (30+) was seen coming in, in shifts, to bathe by splashing into the surface of the Trinity River just upstream of a region of rapids here. 1 mi. N. 2:00 p.m. sep. 7 2½ mi NW Bad Mtn., 5400 ft., 14 mi. S Hayford, Trinity Co, Calif: 3 seen flying rapidly southward low over the ridge sep. 10 1 seen flying southward

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Coggswell 1949 Iridoprocne biislar Aug. 7-17 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Common in about the wet pastured grassland, over the marsh, and in openings of the Spruce-alder or Dipherum woods. They were also noted in the open bend of Maple Creek 1 ½ miles in from the lagoon, which is in the 3-year old burn. Many immature birds were evident among those near the marsh. One was collected on Aug. 10 at the 3-year-old burn. Aug. 22 2 ½ mi. NW Schoolhouse Peak, 200ft, Humboldt Co., Calif. about 5 individuals were seen among other swallows & many swifts flying over grain & stubble fields. No others were noted during our weeks work in the Schoolhouse Peak to French Camp area.

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Cognwell 1949 Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Aug. 9 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - 2 seen among other swallows flying over wet pastures and near Maple Creek just inland from lagoon marsh. Aug. 14 at least 8, most of them immatures, flying about the bridge & dirt stream banks near the same site. Aug. 16 1 adult seen flying over marsh at S.E. end of lagoon.

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Cogswell 1949 Hirundo rustica Aug. 9-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Common. Seen mostly in flight over wet pastureland and marsh inland from SE end of the lagoon — or perched on telephone wires, etc. there. also noted near farm buildings at the end of road on W. slope of first ridge E. of the lagoon, alt. 550 ft. a dead young bird was found under the porch of the deserted house there. Sep. 8 S. Dubakella mtn., 5700 ft., 12 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. 2 flew low along the ridge E. of the peak, pausing to circle about a rocky point on the barren ridge a few times then passing on to the South.

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Cogswell 1949 Retrochelidon pyrrhonota Aug. 9 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. one observed among numbers of swallows flying over fields (wet pasture) just SE of the lagoon. This species is definitely the least common of the swallows noted here. Aug. 22 2½ mi. NW Schoolhouse Creek, 2300 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. of this species 10, or more, were among the swallows & swifts flying over grain & stubble fields here. No connection with any ranch buildings was evident. Aug. 30 Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. one individual was seen as it flew over in southward direction.

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Cogswell 1949 Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. numbers of a small colony foraged over all habitats -- even above twelve redwood forest. Their perching headquarters was, however, in a group of tall dead trees in the bit of dry pasture along maple creek valley by our camp. One (?) was observed at the abandoned ranch at 550' altitude, 1/2 mile E. of the lagoon, on the W. face of the first ridge. A larger flock, estimated at 30 individuals was flying about, calling, a perching in the tall dead trees of the 3-year old burn 1 1/2 mi. inland from the lagoon along maple creek on Aug. 18. The lowest perch any martins were seen to occupy was the top of a 1 1/2-foot diameter piling about 15 ft. high -- at the border of the marsh.

Cogswell 1949 Cyanocitta stelleri Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 12 - In the dense alder-spruce-maple forest along Ritter Creek just at the base of the hill N. of camp I was unsuccessful in speeking out one at the first attempt, but an hour later it responded - and was collected (= # 26.) Aug. 13 along the east shore of the lagoon just N. of the highway (US-101) bridge I shot 2 out of 3 birds which came to my squeak. They were both in Rices sitchowais trees 25 - 35 ft. high, which form the forest border here fronting on the lagoon's gravel beach. Shrubs (Ryus fusius, Carothus thyriiflorus, et al) are interspersed with the young spruces and tall spruce trees (only species?) form the forest just a few yards away. One of them was so badly mangled it had to be discarded, the other was prepared as # 24. Aug. 18 Two were heard in a thicket of 15-20 ft. alders along Maple Creek about 1 mi. above the bridge S. of our camp. - They were at least 1/3 mi. from any coniferous timber other than stump sprouts of redwood in this burned over area. Aug 8-19 SUMMARY: This species was noted in all habitats except the open fields, marsh, lagoon, and chaparral. I even crossed the 3 year old burn thru the dead trees + young alders and ranged into the higher chaparral near the forest border. From 1 to 3 (5 on 1 day) were recorded on most 1/2 day field trips.

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Cyanocitta stelleri Aug. 19-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., and Coyote Peak nw to "Ball Hills", 2200 - 3200 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Common in all forests containing conifers; seen also in Barry oak woodland (but never more than 1/4 mi. from conifer forest) and in burnalover Douglas fir forest now regrown to tan oak & Shinquapin. Those near our camp frequently gave the squeal resembling a red-tailed hawk's call - more frequently than I have ever heard Jays give it. Aug. 23 Schoolhouse Creek, 2500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. At 5:15 a.m. a loud chorus of scolds from about 10-12 individuals came from the deep Douglas Fir - maple - Laurel forest here. After some 15 min. this ceased & Jays came trooping out into the small plum orchard. One was seen pecking at a plum. I collected 2 of these birds from the orchard (#S 54, 55). Aug. 27 - Sep. 6 Willow Creek area, 400-800 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Fairly common in all forest types containing Douglas Fir; also noted in its maple-older canyon bottom forest and in oak-madrono forest on the S. facing foothill slopes. Sep. 1,3,4 Brannan Mtn., 2500-3957 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Much commoner in forest & clearings (as near Johnson Prairie) at higher altitudes: 1 group of ? seen there. 2 collected on 4/24 from open pine forest along ridge W of the peak. Sep. 6 - [illegible]

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Cogwell 1949 Cyanocitta stelleri 3 Sep.6-10 Red Butte ridge, 5300 - 5600 ft., 13-15 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. Much less common than at our last 2 camps, but present in the open pine forest and in the denser fir forests on the N-facing slopes. Maximum of 5 seen in any 1 day. One was collected on the 7th from the trees near our camp.

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Coggswell 1949 Aphelecoma coeruleus French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 21 I collected an immature (= # 47) from border of burned Douglas fir forest at top of French Camp Ridge and adjacent to the "bald" which lies just SW. of camp. It was in a dead tree, with Tanoak oak and Chingquin + a little Quercus garryana in the immediate vicinity. 2 others were heard in this vicinity. Aug. 22 - 23 1 mi. WNW Schoolhouse Peak, 2300 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. At least 5 were seen here, all or most of them immatures in Garry oak woodland on SW. facing slope below a "prairie". Aug. 24 - 25 Coyote Peak vicinity, 2500-2800 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I heard from Garry oak woodland each date. Aug. 30 - 31 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 heard, seen in mixed woodland orchard, a brushy thicket off along small tributaries of Trinity River, in the valley just W. of the river. Sep. 3 2 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I collected one along the beginning of the Horse Feet Road here in shrubland area on valley floor just outside the madrone-oak forest (see p 93). The shrubs here are tall manjita (a. manguita) + young oaks + madrones, with Gooseberry, Poison Oak, Blackberry, + Boucher mixed in a peach orchard and a corn field are new.

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Cogswell 1949 Corvus corax Aug. 8-19 Bej Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Two (usually together) seen or heard on most days. There may have been several groups of 2 in the Maple Creek Valley, but I never noted more than that number together. They perched in taller, usually dead-topped trees in all the forest habitats, & were observed on the ground along the stream near the marsh & on the sandy beach. Aug. 19 2 1/4 mi. N.W Schoolhouse Peak, 3300 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif. a flock estimated at 60-75 individuals was gathered by sheep in the Manozes Ranch in [illegible] p.m. Aug. 22 none seen at this spot about 9:00 a.m., but 9 flew over later in a.m. and 1 (nearer the peak) about 11:00 a.m. All of these were in over grazed, dry grassland of the "Bald Hills"; but they apparently range into it from the Redwood-Douglas Fir forest on either side.

Cogswell 1949 Parus rufescens aug 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. abundant & widely distributed. Many were seen & heard daily in all forest types visited (see journal). and I on aug.17 in a small Douglas fir" isolated group at the N. end of the first ridge E. of the lagoon - in an area surrounded by "chaparral." aug.19-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., Coyote Peak, Schoolhouse Peak & vicinity, 2800-3000 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. several noted on each trip into any forest type. They were apparently absent from the Barry oak woodland & kept near the border of conifer forest. However, they ranged all thru the burned over areas which are now covered with pin-oak - chinkapin shrubs only. Sep. 1 1 mi. WSW Brannan mtn., 3500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. in the Douglas fir - yellow pine - incense cedar forest at the border of "Johnson Prairie" (which is a small dry grassy spot) a flock of 5 or 6 of this species & 1 Red-breasted nuthatch came to my squirrel. Collected 1 chickadee. Sep. 3,4 Brannan mtn., 2000-3500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif.- sufficient Heard at intervals as we drove up the Three Creek & Brannan mtn. roads thru Douglas fir forest. None found in open pine forest on summit. aug.26 2 Sep. 5 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Fairly common in Douglas fir & mixed forests, but less numerous than in the more solid Douglas fir of the canyons on Brannan mtn.

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Coyote 1949 Parus gambeli Sep. 1 Brannan Mtn. 3500 ft. 1 mi N, 3 1/4 mi W Willow Creek, (3:00-4:00 pm) Humboldt Co. Calif.: On both slopes of the first saddle just south of the peak I heard the distinctive "chi-dee-dee-oleo" calls of this species in the open coniferous forest (see Journal for description). One group of 3+ individuals I was able to call to me by imitating a screech owl, + one was collected. This locality is approximately 10 mi N. of the previous records this far W in our transect. Sep. 3-4 Brannan Mtn., 3700 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif. Estimated 5+ birds in area just above the Sep. 1 locality; collected 1 of them. Sullion reports many more in the more extensive area of open pine forest on the S. facing slope just over the ridge. Sep. 5 Philpot Cr. canyon, ft., 7 mi. S Hayford, Trinity Co. Calif. - Calls of this species were heard in the Douglas fir-oak forest on a SE. facing slope, Sep. 6-10 Red Mtn. to Dubabella Mtn. ridge, 5200-5700 ft., 15-12 mi. S Hayford, Trinity Co. Calif. Abundant; by far the most numerous of all species of birds found here. They were frequently en- countered in both forest types (open pine, and white fir-cedar-pine) and came readily to a squeak or owl call. Nearly all notes were in groups of 5-20 individuals, visually accompanied by a few Red-breasted Nuthatches.

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Cogswell 1949 Psaltriparus minimus aug. 9-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - a small flock (5+ birds) frequented the edge of the spruce-alder forest and bordering Rubus thickets near our camp site ½ mi. inland from the S.E. end of its lagoon. also flock seen in "disposal" aug. 30 ½ mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. a flock of 15-20, composed mostly of short-tailed young birds, was seen in the manzanita-oak - madrone - shrubland along the roadside. Sep. 3 Brannan Mtn, 3900 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. - Distinct bush-tit call notes were heard in the tan oak - manzanita brush at the border of open [illegible] pine forest [see journal p.105] on the summit of this mountain, which is clothed with Douglas fir forest around the middle and much of the lower slopes. I was engaged in setting out traps & did not see the birds.

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Coggswell 1949 Sitta carolinensis French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 21 One seen & shot at but missed, in Douglas Fir forest edge by old burn and "Bald" just SW of camp. It was foraging in the firs and on dead trees; but did not respond to my owl call or squeaks as did Sitta canadensis or other species. Aug. 24 Two (both in full plumage) seen in forest of tall Douglas Firs, tan oaks & moist understory shrubs just NE of camp. I collected one of them (#60) -> Both of these records show occurrence in Douglas Fir forests, whereas the species would be more expected in the Garry Oak woodland bordering the Bald Hills in Coyote Peak - Schoolhouse Peak areas. These were visited on Aug. 22, 23, 25; but none of this species was found. Sep. 6 (3 mi. NW) Red Mtn., 5300 ft. 14 mi S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. I collected one from trunk of a Jeffrey x Yellow Pine (hybrid) in an open forest of Picea + P. jeffreyi with much shrub understory. There are a few small Quercus garryana trees & many in low shrub form -- nothing else deciduous here. Sep. 9 $ (1 mi ESE of above locality) - I heard in open pine forest near a manzanita - Ceanothus cordulatus thicket.

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Cognac 1949 Sitta canadensis 1 Aug 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. NONE heard. There are many suitable habitats here - or so it would seem; and the absence of these caracteristically coniferous forest species here needs to be explained. Aug. 21 8:30 a.m. French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Collected one from Douglas fir (live) at border of burned over area now regrown to Tanbark oak & Chinquapin, and also bordering on a "bell" Two came to my imitation of a Pygmy owl, to- gether with many Zonotrichia leucophrys, Junco oregonus, etc.. The nuthatches went into the dead trees adjacent to the live ones, but did not stay there long. Aug. 20-26 Several were heard (and/or seen) daily about the camp in Douglas fir - Incense Cedar - Tan Oak forest, and elsewhere in the region in all coniferous forest types (=Douglas Fir here). They were also noted on the dead Douglas Firs well within the burned over area, with dense shrub cover beneath them. Sep. 1,3-4 Brannan Mtn. 1200 - 3950 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. noted at every stop made in this altitude range. much commoner in the open pine forest near the summit than in the denser Douglas Fir forest at middle altitudes. Groups of 5 to 7 birds, apparently family groups, were common at the higher altitudes. They were calling almost constantly.

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Cogswell 1949 Setta canadensis 2 Sep.6-10 Red mtn - Dubahela rid ridge, 5200 - 5700 ft., 15-17 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co. Calif. Common in both forest types encountered here (open pine, and white fir - Incense Cedar - Pine). A few were noticed in the occasional small tarry oak trees in the open pine forest as well. This species gave calls constantly, & most of them were easily excited & cones to squeaks & owl calls readily.

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Cogswell 1949 Certhia familiaris Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon Humboldt Co., Calif. Recorded on 5 different days -- in spruce-elder, maple. elder, and Redwood-Hemlock-Lowland Oak forests. one was heard singing on the 12th. Aug. 20-26 Trend Camp 3100 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. Single individuals were recorded on 2 days, 1 of them singing on the 21st. The forest type is Douglas Fir -- Incense Cedar -- Tan Oak. Aug 27- Sep. 5 3 mi N Yellow Creek 700 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 1 or 2 noted on each day afield near our camp in Loon Creek Canyon, one was heard singing on the 27th. These were all in Douglas Fir - Madrone forest or Elder Maple forest (collected in later on 3rd) one was seen in the walnut orchard in Trinity River valley on Aug 29. [see journal] Sep. 6 (2 1/2 mi NWW) Red Mtn, 5400 ft., 14 mi S Hayfork Trinity Co., Calif. One was foraging on steller (15-20ft.) Harry oaks + in somewhat higher Jeffrey Pines on the S. facing side of the ridge here. I shot it, but feathers from whole belly area slipped badly by 5:00 p.m. & it was discarded. 3+ mtn. chickadees were foraging near it. Sep. 7-10 Creepers were heard or seen, (or 2 at a time, frequently in the White Fir - Incense Cedar - Pine forest of N-facing slopes & deeper canyons, and were noted less frequently in the open pine forest nearby (within 2 mi. of locality as written above). Songs were heard on the 9th. & 10th.

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Cogswell 1949 Chamaea fasciata E. of Big Lagoon, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 15 about 5 heard and 1 p.m. squealed up to within a few feet of me in the "chaparral" on the first ridge east of the lagoon. The brush here is a good enough chaparral, although composed of ferns, & azaleas to a greater extent than any I have ever seen. on this p.m. visit, this species was the only bird voice apparent. Aug 8-19 This species was found in all upland habi- tats containing a dense shrubbery, i.e., all those listed in the Journal except the grassland, wet pasture, march & lagoon. It was least common in the dense Redwood forest and in the wet maple-alder forest; most common in the Aug. 15 area (see above, and Journal, p.) Aug. 21 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 9:00 a.m. Heard at least 2 ?? & 1 ? singing from a NE. facing slope on the generally NW. facing side of ??? French Camp Ridge about 2/3 mile 5W of camp. None were heard from the much larger area of brush, which is seemingly very similar, on the NW. facing slopes. I make my way down thru the brush to where I could call the birds up by imi- tating the song of the ? and by squeaking. Two (No 44 & 45) were obtained within 30 yards and 10 min. of one another. The vegetation is of Lithocarpus densiflora and somewhat less of Castanopsis chrysophylla, both as tall?

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Coggswell 1949 Chameea fasciata. 2 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. aug. 21 (cont) shrubs in a partially closed canopy, but with twigs not tightly interlaced. Lower shrubs in the understories include much Haeitheria shallon some aristophylos glandu- losa, and little Berberis and Polystichum sp. Rteris aquilina and Rubus netifolius occur farther up toward the top of the ridge. many down logs, dead stumps & boles remain from a former fire. Photos taken of area. aug. 20-25 I found no wren.tits at other than the above described area while we were at this camp, but Sullion found them more numerous on the lower part of the SE-facing slope of the burned over area [I see his notes]. aug. 28 Horse Lints Creek, 900 ft., 4¼ mi. N & 1½ mi. E of 3:30 pm. Willow Creek, Humboldt Co., Calif. My squishing to call out a spotted Towles (see specit) from the underbrush here in a rather open Douglas fir - tan oak - chinquapin forest brought up two individuals of this species, which were collected. The tall trees, apparently survivors of a very old fire, are scattered. most of the space be- tween them is filled with closely spaced, spindly young firs from 20-40 ft. high. Under this is a near thicket of Vacanium ovatum, the shrubs with branches just interlacing, with a little Rubus perwifloras & some ferns also included. The wren.tits came from the interior of this thicket

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Cogswell 1949 Chamaea fasciata 3 Aug. 26 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. A few sang occasionally from the Tan Oak - mature Douglas Fir - Black oak forest on slopes of [illegible] Canyon. Aug. 28 Horse Lints Creek, (cont.) - The birds collected here (#'s 77, 78) both had, like those collected by Hullion at Branch Camp, a large brood patch yet the shell roof was thin + transparent. I begin to wonder whether this species develop the double roof, at least as early as its first breeding season. The other alternative is that the brood patch is either not such, or that it develops by this time of the first year. Sep. 3,4 Brannan Mtn., 3700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. The typical song of the male was heard both in late p.m. & early a.m. down the N. facing slope, which is primarily open pine forest with scattering of shrubs, but has some admixture of Douglas Fir, Tan oak. There are also thickets of deciduous shrubs in the bottom of the larger draws, from which I pre- sume the bird was singing. Sep. 7 (2 1/2 mi N.N.W.) Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif.: The song typical of the & was heard several times in the early a.m. from our camp - apparently coming from the shrubland area near the small bald just above the forest we were in. No birds of this species were located there on several subsequent coverages.

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Cogswell 1949 Cinclera mexicanus Aug.29 9:00 am. (Trinity River) Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I collected an immature along the bouldery shore of the river here, which is mostly very exposed to the sun - shy, flowing as it does at this season in less than 1/4 of its winter flood stage bed. The stream is now perhaps 30-50 yards wide. Aug.30 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. One was found roosting under the bridge across Coon Creek by our camp by Dr. Pearson. He captured it by hand & brought it into camp. We released it shortly afterward near its roosting site but it flew off upstream over streamside brush thickets) in the dark. Sep.1 Just at twilight one was seen under the same bridge. It flew up to the spaces on the concrete buttress at 1 end of the bridge (on 1 of which an old, partially destroyed nest of this species is located). A few seconds later it flew down again & foraged (?) up & down stream for a few feet, going underwater for as long as 15 seconds or paddling(?) swiftly along the surface with head lowered. Then it perched briefly on streamside rocks, bobbed a few times & flew back up under the bridge. This process was repeated many times, with the perch under the bridge varying in position - being sometimes on projecting bolts in the center of the bridge

Cogswell 1949 Troglodytes aedon Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 17 One was collected (not saved because mangled) from lower branches of 12 ft. high alnus rubra with nearby thickets of Baccharis pilularis, myrica californica, caprolbium angustifolium, & Rubus vitifolius. The location was at about 100 ft. alt. just E. of the highway about even with the N. end of the lagoon. Another was seen in the Pteris aquilina – Paul. theca shallow chaparral on ridge to the south of about location. [see also Journal (species list) for Aug. 10 and also for Aug. 16 (p.65) and Aug. 18(p.65)

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Coggswell 1949 Troglodytes troglodytes Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon Humboldt, Calif. A few were seen in the tangled undergrowth around upturned trees or log jambs in the spruce-alder forest near our camp. They were also heard or seen regularly in the understory of the Redwood and Redwood- Lowland Fst - Hemlock forest on each visit there. Songs were heard on Aug 9, 15, 17.

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Cogswell 1949 Rhinotrypa palustris Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 13 - Many heard & several seen in the Scirpus marsh at the S.E. end of the lagoon. One yellow-billed, nearly bald, led a young one took off from a foot or so from me & fluttered across a channel & crashed into the reeds on the other side. Aug 14, 16 - Heard & seen in both Scirpus and large marshes here.

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Cogswell 1949 Turdus migratorius Aug. 9-19 Beg Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. only a few were seen - in the open pasture and border of Spruce-alder & alder-maple forests or the Riparian woodland. 3 were also seen, on Aug. 16 at the grassy ground at the ranch at S. end of road on 1st ridge E. of Lagoon, 538'. Aug. 20-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - Several (2 or 3) were about our camp almost daily. The spring nearby, with the only water for several miles along the series of "balls" on this ridge, is probably the attraction. The species was seen nowhere else in these "ball" hills. Aug. 25 Coyote Peak, 2800 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Several, apparently a family of young + 1 or 2 ads., were foraging under the maples & madrones & Tan Oaks near the large spring on the W. side of the peak. I collected a F & Mullein got an immature. Aug. 28, 30, 31 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. a few were seen in the orchard & adjacent Blackberry & Coffeeberry bushes & Bay trees in the Trinity River valley here [see Journal]. Sep. 4 Branner Mtn., 3700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - 2 heard calling in open pine forest [see Journal for description] Sep. 7, 8 (2 1/2 mi. NNW) Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. 1 or 2, respectively, heard & seen on these dates in open pine forest - the only ones noted in this area except for 1 on S. Dubabella Mtn., 1 mile N of here on 8th.

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Cogswell 1949 Hylociclla guttata Aug. 20-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I to several heard almost daily in the Douglas Fir forest surrounding the small dry grass area here. There are some large clumps of Tan oak or Chiquispin + some scattered Mangenta, which they also frequent; but they were seldom seen in the Incense cedars in the camp ground itself. Songs were heard at dawn on Aug. 22. I col. lected 1 individual on Aug. 25. Aug. 27 Goonbreek Canyon, 3 mi N. Willowbreek, 800 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif.: 2 were heard calling from Douglas Fir - Tan Oak - Madrone forest on N. facing slope. Sep. 4 Branen Mtn., 3600 ft., Humboldt G., Calif. - 2 were heard (

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Cogswell 1949 Hylocichla mustelina Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 16 - Caught 2 in my small mammal traps set under Rubus spectabilis, R. parviflorus, & Sambucus racemosa thickets just N. of Putler Creek in a mixed spruce & alder forest. One was in fresh plumage, [illegible] and was saved (= #31); the other was in juvenile plumage. The species had been heard & seen commonly in this and other similar settings throughout our stay here. One bird was giving a rather indefinite attempt at song near our camp last evening. Aug. 9-19 Habitats in which this species was noted were: (1) Spruce-alder forest with thicket understory or border (as above); (2) Redwood-Towland fir forest; (3) alder- maple-spruce wet forest; (4) 3-year old burn near the stream (alder & Rubus shrubs). Aug. 28 (1mi N) Willow Creek, 450 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. one heard calling & glimpsed in low alder shrub at border of alder woodland & dry open scrub land. Both the low "whit" & louder "wheeze" heard.

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Cogswell 1949 Sialia [illegible] mexicana Aug. 19 Schoolhouse Peak, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. From the lookout tower here this p.m. 5 cows be seen (1 ad. F, several fledglings + ? ?) perching on radio antenna towers or flying down after insects. Aug. 22 1 mi. NW Schoolhouse Peak, 2300 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 5 were seen perched in lead top of tall Douglas Fir at border of narrow strip of oak woodland at lower edge of large prairie. Sep. 9 (2 mi. NNW) Red Mtn., 5400 ft., 14 ½ mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. A bright ♂ and 1 dull plumaged bird flew together from the large open "bald" bordered by shrubland on its ridge top here.

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Cogswell 1948 Myadestes townsendi Sep. 9 (mi.) Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14+ mi. S Hayfork, (9:30 a.m.) Trinity Co., Calif. While I was passing the close stand of white fir (abies concolor) & few admixed sugar pines on its N. facing slope here 2 indi- viduals of this species flew over well above the tree tops, headed north (toward an area of scrub- land and open ridge). I was struck by the loud noise their wings make in flight -- in fact that is what attracted my attention to them when they were some 300 ft. or more away from me. (12:45 p.m.) In returning along the road by this same spot, I had the good fortune of those (same?) 2 birds flying back over me. They perched in the tops of adjacent tall sugar pines & I collected one of them. No call notes were heard from them at either time. The stomach of the one collected contained a single drupe of [illegible] with flesh still adherent to the stone, and there was a similar "stone" or "pit" in the rectum.

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Cogsweil 1949 Regulus satrapa Aug.8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Common in Redwood forest and in mixed conifers of other kinds. A few were seen in Spruce Alder forest in the valley of Maple Creek and 3+ seen in Alder-Maple-Spruce wet forest. Many of those seen were juveniles, probably accompanied by adults. Songs were heard on Aug.9 to 11. Aug.20-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Several were heard daily in its Douglas fir forest with Tan oak & Chinquapin admixed. Aug.28 Horse Lints Creek Canyon, 4 ¼ mi. N and 1 ½ mi. E Willow Creek, 800 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - 2 seen in Douglas fir forest. Aug.28 Aug.29 "Coon Creek" canyon, 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700-800 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 + 1, respectively, heard (1 seen) in Douglas fir-Tan oak-madrone-black oak forest. No others were noted near this camp during our 9 days there (Aug.27-Sep.4) Sep.1 Three Creek Road, South slope Bramen Mtn. near Willow Creek, 1500-3500 ft. - A few (5+) heard at scattered points along the road - in Douglas fir-Tan oak forest. Sep.6-10 Red Mtn. - & Dubabella Mtn. ridge, 5200-5600 ft., 15-13 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. Noted regularly in small numbers in White fir-Snow's Cedar-Jeffrey's Sugar Pine forests on N-facing slopes or in canyons (where some Douglas fir also present) not more than 5 at once.

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Coggshall 1949 Anthus spinoletta Sep. 8 So. Dubahella Mtn., 5800 ft. 12 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co. Calif. As I was seated on the summit of the peak writing notes in the late A.M. a pipit flew over in a northward direction, giving the characteristic "trip-it" call note of this species. A few minutes later (the same?) one came southward stalling flying low over me, passed on over the peak, circled low around the ridge putting just SW of the peak (where I collected the mountain quail) and appeared as though it were going to alight. It did not, however, and regained a little altitude & flew far off to the southward over the pine forested slopes where I lost sight of it.

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Cogswell 1949 Bombbycilla cedrorum Aug. 10 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. (1 mi. S.S.E of camp) 5 were in a group of young alders (15 ft.) along one bank of the stream in this canyon. Two of them were seen flying out in loops low over a gravel bar in the stream, apparently catching insects. Aug 9, 11 A small flock of 5+, apparently including other dates off several immatures, and was seen in the alder-willow + spruce-alder woods along maple to. near camp. Individuals also flew back & forth across our camp site daily. Aug 28 | 3/4 mi N Willow Creek, 700 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 29, 30) Several were heard in willow-cherry-bay woodland with tangle of Blackberry (Rubus recurvus) and coffeeberry (Rhamnus californicus), along a small stream. [illegible] in valley of the Trinity River. Aug. 31 A flock of about 20 in this area, from which Mullion collected one (see his notes).

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Cogswell 1949 Vireo huttoni Aug.22, French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - I heard Aug.25) in the Douglas fir - Tan Oak - Chinquapin forest near the ridge. Top by camp. It was Singing on the 22nd. Aug.27 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 600 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - I heard 1 singing from Tan Oak - madrone Douglas fir forest on the N. facing slope of Coon Creek Canyon.

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Cogswell 1949 Vireo solitarius Aug. 17 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif - I was singing in alder trees of Spruce-Alder forest near our camp till p.m. Aug. 19-20-21 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - I heard singing in Douglas fir - Tan oak forest. One was also heard near Schoolhouse Creek, 3 mi. W. of here on Aug. 23 in Harry oak woodland. Aug. 22 SEE NEXT PAGE (1 mi N) Aug. 30 Yellow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Of 2 birds singing in the alder woodland along a small tributary of the Trinity River, I collected one. The other continued to sing for a while, then started a series of nasal calls, slow at first - gaining in speed of repetition or in pitch toward the end. After this it sang a few times then was silent for 10 min. or more before resuming. The "woodland" here is of 60-80 ft. tall trees in groves or strips up to 150 yards in width, but with cleared areas with brush around them. The vireos were noted only in the tree canopy. Aug. 28, { - 1 to 3 were heard singing or seen in the 29, 31 mixed woodland, orchard area just S of the Sep. 2 above locality. Aug. 27 - I was heard singing in Tan Oak - Madrone - Douglas fir forest on the N. facing slope of Coon Cr. canyon Sep. 6-10 Red Mt. Ridge, 2-3 1/2 mi. NNW of the peak, 5300 ft.-5500 ft., 15-13 mi. S Hayford, Trinity Co., Calif. - 1 or more seen mostly (or heard singing) almost every day. They were in open forest with some Harry or Brewer Oak admixed.

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Cogswell 1949 Empidonax hammondii Vireo solitarius -2- Aug. 22 7:30 mi. W. Schoolhouse Peak, 2300 ft., Humboldt 10:30 a.m. Ca. Calif. I found two Empidonax flycatchers foraging from the larger branches or bare twigs under the canopy of the barry oaks here on a steep SW. facing slope quite close to the edge of a large grassy "prairie". One was collected as it flew to a perch in a low oak at the margin of the woodland. It seems to be this species (= #50). Neither bird was heard to utter a note; they are presumably mis- giants, or at least not in their nesting area. - Nov. 7- This specimen turns out to be a Vireo!! - Vireo solitarius. The other individual seen behaved so much like a flycatcher that I still believe it was but this bird was shot so soon after I saw it alight in the twigs that I did not have time to check on its behavior — but merely assumed, unwisely, that they were the same.

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Cogswell 1949 Video gilous Aug. 9, 10. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif - I heard calling each day from Spruce-Alder forest canopy near our camp, 1/2 mi. inland from the lagoon. It was seen on the 9th, 2 adults flying marks noted. Aug. 21 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. My squeaking under a forest of tall Douglas firs with a few tan oaks brought one individual of this species down from the fir canopy(!) to a dead limb near the trunk. I shot at it, but missed. Aug. 28 Horse Pinto Cr., 4 3/4 mi N, 1 1/2 mi E Willow Creek, 800 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif - I seen in Douglas firs, under somewhat similar conditions to the last one (on Aug. 21). There were Tan oaks & Chinquapin nearby. Aug. 29 2/3 mi. N Willow Creek, 40 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 were seen in mixed woodland near small tributary stream here - foraging chiefly in Alders. Aug. 30 I seen in walnut orchard near this same woodland. The absence of this species from the maple-Alder canyon bottom forest near our camp along Coon Creek would seem to indicate that the breeding grounds were elsewhere. Sep. 7 (2 1/4 mi NW) Red Mtn, 5300 ft., 14 mi S Hayfork Trinity Co., Calif. I collected 1 of 2 seen in Harry oak shrubs & small trees with scattered Pines & Cedars on the ridge top here. They were both silent, behaved like migrants.

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Cogswell 1949 2 Vireo gilvus Sep. 8 S. Dubahella Mtn., 5300 ft., 13 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif - 2 came to my squeak, along with many chickadees - nuthatches, in mixed young Jeffrey Pine - Incense Cedar - Garry oak woodland. I shot one of them. Sep. 9, 10 5300 ft. Red Mtn. ridge, 2-3 mi. NNW of the peak, 14+ mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif - 2 individuals, apparently migrants, seen each day in similar habitat to the above.

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Cogswell 1949 Vermivora celata Big Lagoon, 450 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug.17 one was collected (= #32) and another heard calling in the "chaparral" of the W. facing slope on the first ridge E. of the lagoon. The vegetation is described in my journal section, this being in a region of the short fern & salal chaparral with clumps of myrtle and willow in the draws. One was seen on Aug. 16 at 600 ft. alt. about 1 1/2 mi. further south; and I was heard singing in the p.m. of Aug. 15 down slope from today's collection site. Aug.18 One seen in spruce-alder forest understory 1 1/2 mi. inland along maple creek, from the lagoon. Aug.22 Schoolhouse Peak, 2300-2500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 were seen in tarry oak woodland & in the Poison-oak understory of same. Aug.23 1 (immature plumaged) seen in dense grove of tarry oaks with poison oak & Ribes understory. Aug.29} 1 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug.30} I seen in alder woodland canopy along a small stream tributary to Trinity River. Sep.6 (3 mi. NNW) Red Mtn, 5400 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. - 1 seen in tarry oak border of open pine forest. Sep.9 (2 mi. N by W) Red Mtn, 5500 ft., 14 1/2 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. 2 (or 3?) were seen in canopy of the dense white fir stand on a N. facing slope here at mid-day. They called occasionally as they foraged over the stick-set needles. One came out in its open when I squealed.

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Cogswell 1949 Vermivora ruficapilla Aug. 10. 2:30 p.m. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Along the road running W. of Maple Creek at the lower edge of the burned over slope about 1 mi. from camp, many warblers were in the alder & elderberry thickets. I collected a male of this species (#10) and saw a f, & also saw about 10 Wilsonia pusilla and 2 Dendroica aestiva. They all came readily to a poor imitation of a screech owl. (in bottom valley) The average height of the thickets here is about 15 feet, and it is nearly continuous with only a few remnants of old side roads still not closed in. There is an understory of lesser & semi shrubs here & there on the edge facing the road, but I doubt if it is of importance except on such edges. Slopes of mountain just to the west are of different type of thicket. Aug. 17 One f was observed closely as it alighted in a small myrica tree on the "chaparral" covered slope of W side of first ridge E. of the lagoon.

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Cogswell 1949 Dendroica aestiva Aug 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - Several sang daily from the spruce-alder forest and/or the alder-willow riparian woodland near our camp. They were occasionally seen. They were not noted in any other habitats covered. Aug 22 1 mi. WNW Schoolhouse Creek, 2400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. one seen in a hairy oak tree near the border of the oak woodland & grassy "prairie" on a S.W. facing slope. It gave only a few call notes. Aug. 29 (1 mi. N) Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 were collected from Alder trees which form stands along a small stream near the Trinity River (W. side). They came readily to my squeak, & I called the loud, liquid "chip" characteristic of this species. Alto this is possible breeding habitat, they may be migrants as were other warblers seen here today. One, only, was put up [E # 83]. Both were immature. Aug. 30 2 were heard calling (& I glimpsed) from the same woodland area.

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Cogswell 1949 Dendroica auduboni Aug. 20 French Camp, 3200 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - 3 were seen in tall dead trees and shrubby Tan Oaks & Chinquapins in burned over forest near the top of the ridge. Aug. 22 1 mi. NW Schoolhouse Peak, 2300 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - 1 seen in Berry oak woodland. Sep. 1 Brannan Mtn., 3950 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif - 1, in dull plumage, seen as it perched briefly in shrubs just below the summit [see Journal, p 105 for description]. Sep. 4 same locality, 3700 ft. - 2 seen flying over or between tall tree tops - identified by their characteristic call note. Sep. 6-10 Red Mtn. ridge to S. Dubabella Mtn., 5300 - 5828 ft., 15-12 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. - 2 to 4 seen or heard daily, most of them in the open pine woodland or Berry & Brewer oak shrubland adjacent to it along the ridge top. One was seen flying low over (briefly perching on) the rock outcrops of S. Dubabella Peak on the 8th.

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Cognwell 1949 Dendroica migranea Aug.29 (1 mi. N) Willow Creek, 400 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. One was collected from alders near the same spot as the 2 D. aestiva (which see). It gave its typical full call note, a liquid "telp" frequently as it foraged. It is in nearly full J plumage, with the black of its throat but slightly clouded by gray. [no definite groups found] Aug.31 An adult J (throat was pure black) seen briefly in black oak + willow trees at the border of the same woodland area. Sep.2 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. 1 J (full black throat) seen in maple + alder trees by our camp along Loon Creek. Another was seen near the town of Willow Creek in the after- oon. Sep.7 (2 1/2 mi. NW) Red Mtn, 5300 ft. 14 mi. S Hayford, Trinity Co., Calif. I shot an immature J [illegible] the top of a tall Incense Cedar at our camp, but it lodged in branches half-way down so I had to shoot branches around it loose with a heavier load. The specimen was badly damaged thereby and not saved. It had a very soft skull and black borders should on its throat area. Several "telp" call notes have been heard in various situations along the ridge here for 2 days, indicating presence of this species or Townsend's or occidentals faintly commonly. Sep.6-10 "Telp" call notes from warblers were heard 2 or 3 times daily in this area. Several were identified as this species in its open pine forest + oak shrubland border.

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Cogwell 1949 Dendroica occidentalis Aug. 24 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif.- A group of 4, at least 2 of which were Os, came thru the Douglas Fir - Incense Cedar forest of our camp. They worked gradually northeastward along the ridge. Sep. 6 (3 mi. NNW) Red Mtn. 5400 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co. Calif. 1 in 7 plumage seen well at close range in open pine forest. I shot at it, but it escaped the shot altho branches fell from all around it. I had just checked identification points with cenoculars, noting the yellow side of the head (with only a slight dusky area on the cheek), white belly, wing bars, etc. Many more of this species may have been present in this area, as warblers which gave the "tilp" call not common to this species and D. nigricees - towards were heard and sometimes glimpsed frequently, between Sep. 6 - 10.

Cogswell 1949 Oporornis tolimeci -1 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug 10-19 Frequently met with, one at a time, in thickets of Ribes sp. or Oteris aquifolia near alder & willow clumps, in the lower parts of these trees themselves, and one individual in a spruce tree. all seen were in maple creek valley or in the shrub edge of the forest along E. shore of the lagoon. No songs heard. Aug 20 - French Camp, 3300 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. This 9:15 a.m. species seems to be common in all brush areas, which near camp are mostly tan oak & golden chinquapin. One was collected from the border of such brush near the top of French Camp Ridge 1/4 mi. SW of the camp. The taller shrubs are patchy on the NW- facing slope here, with the interstices mostly filled with Salal & bracken fern. The opposite side of the ridge is dry & grassy only. Many tall dead trees from an old fire are here. Photo taken of area. Aug 22 - 1 mi. WNW Schoolhouse Peak, 2300 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 9:45 a.m. I collected one from lower branches of young larvy oak amid scattered thicket of Rhus diversifolia and Ribes sp. which occupies a slight knoll here on the SW- facing slope, in the oak covered lower portion of the large "prairie" which continues along the Bald Hills. Aug 24-25 - Coyote Creek vicinity, 2600-3800 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Several seen in shrub border of Douglas fir forest.

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Cogswell 1949 2 Oporornis tolwaic Aug. 29 (1/3 mi - 1 mi. N) Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co. ,, 30 Calif. Several heard each day in dense thicket .. 31 of blackberry, sedge, junceus, etc. along small tributaries of Trinity River - both in alder & alder- bay-oak woodland areas & in the open. A few were seen. One was collected on Aug. 30. Sep. 2 E. side of Trinity River, 450 ft. opposite Willow Creek, Humboldt Co., Calif. I heard one singing (full song) from dense understory in the moist forest near the mouth of Bremer Creek. This is at the area of mixture of Douglas fir with canyon bottom maple & alder forest.

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Cogswell 1949 Geothlypis trichas Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 14 a female was found at the border of the tall Scirpus marsh, followed along until she was joined by a male. She had not responded to squeaks at all during my following her along 150 yards or so of marsh border; but when the two were close together (I apparently came from within marsh) both came up along the Tule stalks. I shot at the male, but got only 2 feathers. Both birds gave the typical "tchik" call; no songs. Aug. 18 6:50 a.m. at the edge of a thicket of Rubus parviflorus, R. vitifolius, R. spectabilis backed by alder and willow trees, fronting on pasture about 1/3 mile south of camp, I found an immature J & collected it. It seems strange that the many such thickets along Maple Creek valley near our camp are not occupied by more yellow throats. They seem to me to be very similar to areas inhabited by the species elsewhere (e.g. in San Gabriel River bottomland at El Monte, Los Angeles Co., Calif.).

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Cogswell 1949 Icteria virens Aug 30 - 31 2/3 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 or more were heard in the thickets of Prunus recurvans, Rhamnus californicus, Salix sp., etc., along a small tributary stream in the Trinity River valley here. There are taller trees in an irregular woodland for- station nearby, but the chats stayed in the low thickets. The only call I heard them give was a loud "peek!".

Cogswell 1949 Wilsonia pusilla aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif.- abundant in the spruce-alder forest (borders - clearings at least), willow-alder woodland, and Rubus thickets along Maple Creek valley. Many were noted feeding young out of the nest. One also was feeding the young Corobird (which see). The species was also fairly common in soft leaf shrubs under Redwood forest, spruce-lowland fir forest, and in the taller "chaparral" on the W. slope of the first ridges & of the lagoon. Songs were heard occasionally even up to the end of this period. aug. 20-26 Ranch Lamp, 3100 ft., and Coyote Creek - Schoolhouse Peak area, 2300 - 3200 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Common in shrub-filled ravines under Douglas fir forest, less common in the Tan oak-chinquapin shrub forest of the burned-over area, and a few seen in Poison oak & gooseberry thickets under and in Harvey oaks. No songs were heard during this period. aug. 31 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 8:00 am I collected one from canopy of maple-alder forest over a wet, shrub-filled ravine on the N. facing slope of Loon Creek canyon. There was another calling nearby. 2 to 3 have been heard in this area for the past 4 days; no songs, however.

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Cogswell 1949 Wilsonia pusilla 2 Sep. 4 Brannan mtn., 3700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I heard calling (its characteristic nasal "trump" of this species) from understory shrubs on N-facing slope in open pine forest [see journal for description]. Sep 6-9 Red mtn ridge, 2 to 3 mi. NNW of the peak, 5300- 5500 ft., 14* 13 mi. S Hayford Trinity Co., Calif. 1 or 2 noted on each of these days. They were all encountered in shrubland bordering mixed pine & white fir forests near the top of a ridge. No song heard here; these individuals seen behaved like migrants.

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Cogswell 1949 Sturnella neglecta Aug.22 3/4 mi. NW. of Schoolhouse Peak, 2450 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. I collected one here from an unmoved area of sparse grass averaging 18-20" in height, with a mat of dead grass stems and shorter grasses & herbs covering the ground between the taller stalks. The bird was flushed 3 times and each time settled in this grassland. None were seen in moved areas along the Bald Hills to the NW of here for several miles; but one flushed from a fence post by my approach in a car about 1/4 mi. NW of the site of this collection could have been a different bird. The only call notes heard were the usual low "djert" when flushed. Aug.25 3/4 mi. NWW Coyote Peak, 2900 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - one was seen in grassland on either side of a row of oaks falling a small gully in the SW-facing slope of the large "prairie" here. I shot at it 3 times, each time on the wing, missed. It was very wary, flushing at a greater distance than the one above, and gave no call notes. Sep.7 (21/2 mi. NWW) Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. I collected one from the bare rocky "bald" on the ridge just above our camp. The area which is more or less shrub free here is about 2 or 3 acres in extent. The bird flew a short distance & alighted on bare ground with head raised high.

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Cogswell 1949 Agelaius phoeniceus aug. 13 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co. Calif. - 2+ ?s seen in the Scripus marsh at the SE end of the lagoon. aug. 16 A flock estimated at 30, only 1 of which was in adult J plumage, was seen in the same area.

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Cogswell 1949 Euphaeus cyanocephalus Aug. 16 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - 1 flew in and alighted on a log in the log storage pond (Hammond Timber Co.) near the S.E. end of the lagoon.

Cogswell 1949 Molothrus ater Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 9 - about 2:15 p.m. In willow-elder-berry thickets across the creek from last night's camp I found a well-grown, streaked breast-ed juvenile cowbird being fed by a ? Wilsonia pusilla. Took 1 shot at them in a willow, but apparently missed. The young cowbird was about 2-3 x the size of its host. Aug. 11 - about 6:30 a.m. I found what was apparently the same bird still being fed by a Wilsonia pusilla. The cowbird was on a log jumping over the stream, calling vigorously. I collected it. [=#16].

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Cogswell 1949 Rivanga ludoviciana Aug. 8-19 Bez Lagoon, Humboldt co., Calif - frequent about our camp - at the border of spruce-alder forest, Riparian woodland, Berry thickets, and pastured grassland. No large numbers were seen + it is supposed they were breeding birds (no bright plumaged fs observed however). Aug 19-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., [illegible] and vicinity of Schoolhouse Coyote Deaks, 2300-3100 ft., Humboldt co., Calif. Several seen daily - all in dull plumage. Most were in Douglas Fir or mixed forest; a few were seen in the Tan Oak-Chinquapin brush of the burned over area; 2+4 were noted (on 24th) in Harry Dale woodland. Part of the ones ob- served behaved in many ways like migrants. Aug. 17 to Sep. 4) Willow Creek 3 mi. N, 400-700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Very common, many obviously migrating. Small groups (2-8) were noted on many occasions passing roughly southward from tree to tree. They were most numerous in the river valley woodland areas, where they fed on berries of Rubus, Rhamnus californicus, Umbellaria (?) and Brunnus demissa. No bright plumaged fs were noted. One immature was collected on the 27th from Tan Oak-Madrone-Douglas Fir forest in Coon Creek Canyon. Sep. 6 (1 1/2-3 mi NNW) Red Mt., 5300-5500 ft, 14 mi S Hayfork, Trinity co., Calif - 3 seen or heard, in open pine forest

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Logswell 1949 Phaeticus Hedylopes melanocephalus Aug. 9, 10, 15 - Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug 15, 18 - 1 1/2 mi inland from S.E. end of Big Lagoon} 1 & 3 noted on those dates — all of them in the Spruce-Alder, or Alder-Willow habitats. None were heard singing. Aug. 19-25 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - 1 or 2 noted on each of 4 days during this period — all of them at the border of a small grassy brush area surrounded by Douglas Fir - Incense Cedar - Tan Oak - Chinquapin forest. None were seen repeatedly in any one area, nor were any heard singing — hence they may have been migrants. Aug. 27 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - 3 heard calling in Tan Oak-Madrone-Douglas Fir forest in Coon Creek Canyon. Aug. 28 -31} 2 1/3 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. or 1 or 2 seen or heard daily in woodland, deciduous shrub, brush thickets in valley of Trinity River. They, with other species, were obviously attracted by the many berries available here (Rubus recurvans, Rhamnus californicus, Prunus demissa, etc.) Sep. 3 2 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 1 heard calling at the border of Harry Oak- Black Oak-Madrone forest and open shrub land & fields.

Logswell 1949 Passerina amoena Aug.22 Schoolhouse Peak, 2500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Along the road on the W. face of the peak I heard the food call of at least 2 young of this species and saw one of them being fed by a ♀ adult. The site was one of low brush (Symphoricarpos sp., Rubus vitifolius, a young Quercus garryana) adjacent to a rather broad strip of grassland extending up thru the oak woodland toward the peak. The ♀ was collected [z # 53]. Aug.23 None could be located in this area. The ♂, if any was present at all, was not in evidence either day. Aug.25 Coyote Peak, 2800 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. An immature was collected on the N. side of the peak [illegible] as it flew up to the lower branches of a small Garry oak from the tall grass under it. Aug.31 (Lewis N) Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I collected one of several (♀ and young) present in the Umbellularia - Cottonwood-Willow - Walnut- Oak - and berry bush "woodland". They had been noted here for the previous 3 days also. a ♀ was seen feeding young here on the 28th. Sep.3 2½ mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I heard calling in open shrubland area (Manzanita - Oak - Madrone - Coffeeberry shrubs) between broad-leaved forest & open field on the E. side of Trinity River valley.

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Cognell 1949 Carpodacus purpureus 400 ft. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug.17 A male (#33) was collected as it perched on lowe[r] branches of one of two Rhamnus Purshiana [illegible] over a wood rat's nest. A young bird of this species was sitting nearby, fluttering its wings. Another individual was seen & heard singing 1/4 mi. to the north. The site of the collection was near the w. slope of the junction of the "contour" road along the first ridge E. of the lagoon and the "short-cut" road between it and Highway US-101 (see map). [illegible] p. 73A) The vegetation in general was high chaparral near outliers of redwood forest (see journal). Aug.18 Near the junction of roads following the N. fork of Maple creek & Maple Creek itself, about 1/2 mi. S. of camp, I collected one (=#38) as it flew down from alders to grassy area with short, scattered blackberry bushes. Many Rubus stocks nearby, also willow & spruce trees. Aug.22 2/3 mi. NW Schoolhouse Peak, 2500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. one in 1st plumage was seen feeding a fledgling in a small plum orchard here -- at the border of Douglas Fir - Bay forest and open grassland. Aug.25 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - 1 flew over, giving the "pit" call not characteristic of the species. Aug.28-29 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 or more, seen in [illegible] berry shrub thicket and adjacent woodland in Trinity River valley here (see journal).

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Cognell 1949 Carpodacus purpureus 2 Sep 17 Brannan mtn, 3700 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif. Sep 3, 4) 2 seen & heard calling on each date, flying over and/or perching for less than 1 minute in the tops of pines - cedars in the open pine forest here. Sep 3 2 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif. 2 seen & heard in shrubland area: (manzanita, coffeeberry, oak, madrone, etc.)

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Coggshall 1949 Carpodacus cassinii Sep.6-10 Red Mtn. ridge (nnw of peak) to S. Dubakella mtn., 5200 - 5700 ft. 15-12 mi. 5 Kayfork, Trinity Co. Calif. Regularly seen or heard flying over the open pine forest along the ridges here. The largest number seen at one time was 4 on the 10th. None were heard singing, but occasional single phrase warbles were heard, similar to those given by C. purpureus, but of simpler construction.

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Cogswell 1949 Carpodacus mexicanus Aug. 13 S.E. end of Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - 1 seen on , a flying up from , a gravel bank in bed of Maple Creek near the marsh. It gave the nasal call characteristic of this species. Aug. 31 (2½ mi.N) Yellow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I collected 1 from the shrub and blackberry "woodland" at the border of an old walnut orchard here. Several have been observed in this area for the past 3 days also. They, along with many other species seem to be attracted by the ripe blackberries, coffeeberries, and other fruits which abound here. Sep. 3 2½ mi. N Yellow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. I heard calling in area of tall shrubs, openly spaced, on the Patterson Ranch here in the Trinity River valley.

Logswell 1949 Species pericus Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - fairly common in Maple Creek valley, SE of the lagoon, feeding in the tops of Alders and on thistles in company of American Goldfinches. Never more than 5 observed at one time. Also noted (flying over) the departure of the first ridge E. of the lagoon on 16th, 17th. Aug. 19-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - up to 10+ noted daily in, or flying over, the Douglas Fir - Tan Oak - Incense Cedar forest or adjacent shrub or prairie areas. Also seen (5) on Aug. 22-23 in the Savvy Oak woodland of the Loyots Creek - Schoolhouse Creek area. One was heard singing near French Camp on Aug. 21. Aug. 27 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 3 (2+1) flew over forest of Tan Oak, Madrone, Douglas Fir in Coon Creek Canyon. Sep. 1 Brannan Mtn., 3500-3800 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. noted at several points in the Douglas Fir belt, including flock of 15-20 from which Sullivan collected 1 at "Johnson Prairie", and in the open pine forest near the summit. Sep. 10 S. Rubabella Mtn., 5300 ft., 13 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. - 2 heard calling as they flew over open pine - cedar forest on a rounded ridge here.

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Cogswell 1949 Spizella tricolor Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. abundant in the dry pastureland bordering Maple Creek, 1/2 to 1 mi. inland from the S.E. end of the lagoon. They fed on the abundant thistles here (Carduus lanceolatus, C. arvensis), + perched chiefly in the olders & willows. Maximum no. observed = 200+. Aug. 23 Schoolhouse Peak, 2500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. one flew over open grassland & Barry oak woodland, giving its characteristic call. Dr. Pearson reports seeing them on thistles not far from here. Aug 24 - flock of 4 seen flying low over grassland in this same area. Aug 28, 30 2/3 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. a few are present, with S. psaltria, in the weedy fields bordered by woodland in the Trinity River valley here. They were seen feeding on thistle heads. Sep. 3 2 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 1 flew over - area of oak-madrona forest, tall shrubs, & fields. Sep. 4 Brannan Mtn, 3700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - several heard (typical flight notes) over the campus below the pine forested ridge here.

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Cogswell 1949 Spinus psaltria Aug. 25 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - one flew over in an eastward direction, giving the plaintive call not characteristic of this species. Aug. 29 (4 ½ mi N) Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Several were seen in river-bottom woodland & adjacent field & brush border, yesterday p.m. & this a.m. A field-plumaged ? sang lustily yesterday. I collected one this a.m. which was giving a feeble, squeaky song from near the top of a Bay Tree. Aug. 30, 31. many were present in the same area, a flock of 10+ flew in from the south on the 30th & alighted on wires of a new power line which wires had just been placed within the hour previous by line crew work men. The goldfinches then dropped or down to fields adjacent. Sep. 3 2 ½ mi. N Willow Creek, 900 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 flew over fields & shrubland of Batteron Ranch here, in Trinity River valley. Sep. 6-10 (2 ½ mi. NNW) Red Mtn, 5400 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. Single individuals heard on 3 different days, flying over the barren & show land areas of the ridge top.

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Cogswell 1949 Loxia curvirostra 1 Aug. 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - Several noted regularly in, or flying over, the Spruce-alder & adjacent habitats in Maple Creek Valley. They were seen perched only in Spruce Trees. Maximum no. seen at once = 11. Aug. 24 French Camp 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Yesterday and today crossbills have been singing from the tree tops here. An attempted transcription might be: twee zip, chip ten "til-til-til-til" This performance, often repeated several times in succession, was given by the bird shot but not obtained (see Journal) and by one other also. The call notes, "hip-hip", are a frequent sound here as small groups go flying over. I should have noted on Aug 20 seeing 2 crossbills on the ground at an old camp site just below ours, and observing them eat egg shells left there by campers. They flew up as I approached, but returned when I stepped a bit off. Small bits of the shell while I watched at a distance of 9 feet. They have also been seen coming to the ashes in old camp-fire spots (for minerals? or for dusting?) one was collected this a.m. as it dropped down to drink at the overflow from the pipe from the spring. It had 1 gonad, about 3-4mm. long which was apparently a testis - but I found no other (possibly was damaged beyond recognition)

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Cogswell 1949 Loxia curvirostra 2 Sep. 1 (early p.m.) 1 mi. W Brannan Mtn., 3300 ft, Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 flew over the small bog in the saddle on the ridge here; they gave the "hip, hip" flight notes characteristic of this species. Sep. 4 Brannan Mtn., 3700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. calls of this species were heard, coming from well down the canyon NW of the peak! H mi. S Hay Fork Trinity R. Sep. 6/ (2½ mi. NNW) Red Mtn., 5300 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 7.9 calls of this species were heard on these ridges from open pine or white fir- miscane cedar-pine forests near the ridge top here.

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Cogswell 1949 Chlorura chlorura Sep 6, 79 (2 1/2 mi. NNW) Red Mtn., 5400 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. Noted on threedeates in the scattered clumps of Arctostaphylos patula?, Ceanothus cuneatus, or C. cordulatus near the ridge top. One was seen on the 6th; o the "mow" call characteristic of this species heard on the other dates. No songs heard.

Loggell 1949 Pipilo maculatus erythrophthalmus 1 Aug.22. 1 mi. WNW Schoolhouse Creek, 2300 ft, Humboldt Co, Calif. 9:40 a.m. I heard a "cat" call of this species from a sparse thicket of Pinus diversifolia. Perches up on a slight knoll amid the Harry oaks of the SW-facing slope below the large grassy prairie which extends on along the Bald Hills to the NW. Upon following it up I found 4 juveniles and took one of them (=#49). The other 3 were still around after the first shot, but were apparently frightened away by my immediately shooting at an Sporornis tolmeiei. Aug.23 6:00 a.m. Schoolhouse Creek, 2500 ft, Humboldt Co, Calif. a pair came together to my squeak & both were collected. See Journal, p.81, for description of habitat. Upon preparing the specimens (#s 57 & 58) the ♀ was found to have only a few insect remains and a few small seeds in the stomach. Aug.28 3:50 pm Horse Lints Creek, 4¾ mi. N, 1⅓ mi. E Willow Creek, 600 ft, Humboldt Co, Calif. One was heard, giving the typical "cat-call" from a thicket of Vaccinium ovatum under and around a dense stand of young Douglas firs. The set was the same as that at which 2 Ghamaea fasciata were collected (see p.act) Aug.28-29 (3½ mi. N) Willow Creek, 400 ft, Humboldt Co, Calif. About 3 or 4 seen in brushy areas adjacent to old orchard & river bottom woodland. They spent much time in Quammos californicus bushes; all were in streaked juvenile plumage except one, which was collected.

Cogswell 1949 erythrophthalmus Riparia maculatae. 2 Aug 30, 31 (3/4 mi. N) Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. several were heard - a few seen in the same shrub areas as the last few days. (river bottom) Sep. 3 2 1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. about 10 individuals (estimated) seen or heard among the tall shrubs of manzanita, coffeeberry madrone, - oak in the shrubland border between the oak-madrone forest and open fields of the Battrason Ranch. Most of them were in molt, at least 2's being seen with the head over half white due to abundant pin feathers. Sep. 7 (2 1/2 mi. NNW) Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. I heard repeatedly, glimpsed briefly, in the densest portion of the Larvy oak shrubland on the S facing slope of the ridge top here. It would not respond to a call. Sep. 9 (2 mi. N by W) Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14 1/2 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif.. I heard one calling. (saw the branches moving where it retreats) in the manzanita "chaparral" as in an opening of the pine forest on a saddle of the ridge here. Mullion had just shot at a bird of this species here - failed to find it.

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Coggswell 1949 Passerculus sandvicensis Aug 14 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. A group of 5 were seen foraging in low (grazed) moist grassland just inland from the Scirpus marsh at the S.E. end of the lagoon. They used the tops of 12 ft. high pilings as perches. Aug. 22 13/4 mi. N., 2 mi. W. of Schoolhouse Peak, 2250 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. The species is common, in association with Chipping Sparrows, along the fields & roadside fences here. Two were collected from a fence fronting on mowed hayfield on one side and green oats beyond border (20 yards wide) of grass on the other. The specimens were prepared by Dr. Pearson (his #'s 1718, 1719). Aug. 23 Schoolhouse Pasture Rock w. of the peak, 2600 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. — (See Journal, p. 81) Aug. 28 3/4 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 were seen along fence paralleling the Klamath River highway at the edge of a field of Klamath weed here — in W side of Trinity River valley. Aug. 29, 30 2 & 1, respectively, were flushed on these dates from the sparse growth of tall dead annuals or few small willow clumps in the river bed. Sep. 8 S. Quibella Mt., 3700 ft., 1/2 mi. S Hayford, Trinity Co., Calif. One alighted within 10 ft. of my head as I was “squeaking” for chipmunks in a manzanita - Ceanothus cuneatus area adjacent to upper bald slopes of the mountain. It flew to the latter before I could charge looks

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Cogswell 1949 Chondestes strigatus Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 14 about 4:45 p.m. I flushed one from grassy area (grazed) among thistles of the pasture just N. of Maple Creek near camp. It flew to perch in a bush, then on to two successive others. I shot at it on one, but missed. The white tail-feather tips were conspicuous in flight. It uttered no call note during my observation.

Cogswell 1949 Junco oreganus Aug. 14-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., and vicinity of Schoolhouse & Coyote Peaks, 2300-3180 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Abundant, especially along the borders of forest (of any type) and the open ('bell') prairies or brushland. Many fledglings were being fed by adults all through this period. No songs were heard. No Juncos were observed on open grassland [illegible] of the larger prairies, nor in the deepest forest. Aug. 27, 29- 3 mi. N Willon Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 or more, heard at the borders of the maple-alder forest (in Douglas Fir, etc.) of Loon Cr. Canyon. Sep 1, 3, 4 Brennan Mtn., 3400-3800 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Several were noted on each date, both in the [illegible] upper, more open Douglas Fir belt and in the open pine forest of the summit area. One was collected in the former habitat on the 1st. Sep. 6 8:25am Red Mtn., 5300 ft., Trinity Co., Calif.- I collected 1 of a flock of 10+ which were feeding on open, rocky slope on top of a ridge on which the vegetation is of scattered small Jeffrey Pines, Incense Cedars and much low Canothus cuneatus and some low scrubby Quercus garryana, var. braceri. The birds were stretching in the sparse leaf litter in slight hollows among the broken-up rock surface. Sep. 6-10 Similarly sized flocks were common in many such areas along the Red Mtn.-Bucabella Mtn. ridge. Adult Fs were very scarce. A few feeble songs were heard on 10th.

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Cogswell 1949 Spizella passerina -1. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 10 off - 1 or 2 noted on several days in the alder trees about our camp clearing. Aug. 18 One immature, still with streaked breast, seen in weedy roadside area of 20-50 yards width in area along Maple creek 1 mile from Lagoon. Aug. 20 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. At the border of the forest (mostly burned & now regrown to tall brush) and the prairie on a SE. facing slope of the ridge ½ mi. S.W. of our camp I collected a handful of this species from 1 of 2 Quercus garryana trees there. Many more of these birds occur over the ridge on a S.W. facing slope. Other Chipping Sparrows were seen in them and at the border of Castanopsis chrysophylla - Lithocarpus densiflorus brush as well, at the last place being in a flock with Juncos & Zonotrichia leucophrys. Aug. 22 "Ball Hills" 2/3 to 2 ½ mi. NW Schoolhouse Park, 2300- 2500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - Estimated 30+ seen in the open grassland area of the Manags & Lyons Ranches. They were in mixed flocks, loosely organized, with Savannah Sparrows, fleeting up from roadsides & fence rows, often far from any shrub or tree. Many were streaked breastnut immatures. Aug. 24-25 - Coyote Peak & vicinity, 2400-3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. - In Sharry Oak woodland & bordering prairies this species was abundant. Many fledg. birds still being fed.

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Cogswell 1949 Spizella passerina 2 aug 26 Salyer, Ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. A small flock was seen on the lawn in the adjacent trees at the Salyer Ranger Station, 6 Rivers Nat'l Forest.

Cogswell 1949 Zonotrichia leucophrys Aug. 9, 18 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Several immature juveniles in a flood near the bridge over Maple Creek 1 mile inland from the lagoon, in an open shrub & grass area bordering Spruce - alder & alder-willow woodland. Aug. 16, 17. Noted (& 10-13 individuals) in the "chaparral" [see journal for composition] of the W. slope of first ridge E. of the lagoon, alt. 200 - 550 ft. Aug. 19-26 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Common along the border between the Tan Oak - Chinquapin shrubland in the burned over area and the bracken-grass of the ungrazed "bald". Many juvenile plumaged birds were still being fed by adults on 20th, 21st. A few light oak: individuals were seen in grazed woodland borders near Coyote Oak, 3000 ft ±, on Aug 24-25. Sep. 3 2½ mi. N Willow Creek, 500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 seen in shrubland area (mangrota - coffeeberry, etc) bordering open stubble field in the Trinity River valley.

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Cogswell 1949 Passerella iliaca "Smoky creek spring #2" Sep. 9 (2 mi. NW) Red Mtn. 5300 ft. 14+ mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif. (10:25 a.m.) One came up on top of small thicket of ceanothus carden-latus by an opening in Jeffrey pine - income later foraging on a W facing slope here - I scolded me with a sharp "chirp" as I searched for the Sygny owl (which see). I collected the Fox Sparrow (11:30 a.m.) I collected another from the same thicket as I sat writing notes near the spring here. Two others were seen earlier in the a.m. about 1/2 mi. further to the NW in an area of denser manganita & ceanothus shrubs.

Cogswell 1949 Melospiza melodia Aug 8-19 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - Very abun- dant in the more open habitats of the valley: field borders; Quercus thickets, alder-willow riparian woodland, Scirpus marsh (inland border). Also noted, but less commonly, in the herb-small shrub slopes of the 3-year old burn, and in the "chaparral" on the W-facing slope of the first ridge E. of Big Lagoon - to an altitude of 600 ft. A few feeble attempts at song were heard from birds near our camp. Aug 29, {1/2 mi. N Willow Creek, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. "30,31} Several were heard calling in the deciduous shrub & briar thickets along a small tribu- tary stream at the border of a woodland area in the Trinity River valley here. None were found in the alder-woodland areas proper.

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Cogswell 1949 Borex Snowbridge Aug. 9 Big Lagoon Humboldt Co., Calif. 2 caught in traps set last night along edge of alder & spruce stand. one, was under the edge of a small log at border of a young alder, blackberry & other shrubs, with tall grass & bracken nearby. The other (#4) was on leaf litter in a copse of blackberry hidden from open by projecting small logs. Also found the posterior 1/3 of body of what was apparently the same species lying on a mossy log about 2 feet above one of my traps (which had not been sprung). I am sure it was not there last night when I set the traps. Aug. 12 Caught 1 in trap set on dry soil in pocket of a thicket of blackberry, salmonberry, bracken, & sword fern about the base of an alder tree. The trap site was about under the edge of the alder canopy, which extends over a sluggish, muddy, log-felled stream on the other side of the tree. [= specimen catalogued as #17 set 250 ft] Aug. 14 Caught 1 in trap set on leaf litter under Polysti-chum munitum with 20% shrub canopy of Vaccinium parviflorum, Gaultheria shallon , and 60% tree canopy (Redwood). Specimen not saved. Aug. 15 One caught in trap set on moss & leaf litter at base of spruce tree (Picea sitchensis) with understory of Polystichum munitum & Rubus spectabilis, near (+0 yards, est.) Pitler Creek.

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Cogswell 1949 Sorex trowelgi 2 \n1/2 mi. E. of Big Lagoon, 550 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 16 Caught one in a trap set amid tall grass, bracken fern, and salad along a fence line crossing the small gully along which my trap line extended. This site was at the border of the grassy area and was backed by waist- high shrubs. Aug. 17 Two caught in line of 53 traps set in Redwood - Douglas fir - Sordland fir - Spruce forest, 1 on the edge of an old logging road > 1 on the edge of a small clearing. Most of the traps were placed within the dense understory of Gaultheria shallon & Vaccinium parviflorum. Aug. 20 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. one (?) caught in trap (of line of 50) set under canopy of a shrubby tanbark oak (Lithocarpus densiflora) at the border of an open Douglas fir - Tanbark oak - Incense cedar forest on hillside just above a small grassy area. Nearest water, from a spring about 120 yards away. The specimen was prepared as #39.

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Cogswell 1949 Sorex pacificus Aug. 12. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Caught 1 (not saved) in trap set under ferns behind end of log lying along border of alder & elderberry thicket under a taller alder trees. The other side of the log fronts on a 20 ft. wide grassy strip (old logging road). Aug. 13. One caught in trap set on leaf litter under a 1 ft. diameter log amid: Polystichum munitum, aspidium sp., Lomaria parvifolium, Squiant, Gaultheria shallon, & Vaccinium parvifolium, about 25 yards up a NW facing slope from a small stream, about 70% canopy of Redwood overhead. Specimen prepared by Dr. Pearson (his # 1663). Aug. 14. Caught 1 in trap set under twig & root debris 5 yards from stream, near ferns & salmon-berry under less than 30% Redwood canopy open (due to road nearby). [not saved] Aug. 15 One caught in trap set on mossy but dry ground under thicket of Rubus spectabilis with litter of twigs & low herbs all about. The site was near an old stream bed (of Pitcher Creek). No tree canopy overhead, but the shrub canopy is nearly solid. Another caught about 20 yards away in trap set on leaf litter under a mint plant at the base of a spruce tree (Picea sitchensis). Polystichum munitum, Pambucus racemosa, & Echinocystis common in the forest understory nearby. [Specimens not saved] Aug. 17 3 caught in trap line (45 traps) set in Redwood-

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Cogswell 1949 Sorex pacificus 2 Big Tagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 17 (cont.) - Douglas fir - Lowland fir - Spruce forest with under story of Gaultheria shallon, Vaccinium parviflorum o ovatum (little), o Sambucus racemosa . Specimens not one also in trap on edge of clearing in same forest. [illegible]

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Cozowell 1949 Canis latrans Sep. 3 3:50 pm 3 1/4 mi. W Willow Creek, 2700 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. As Sullon and I were driving up the Three Creek Road here a coyote sprang from the road as we rounded a bend and with about 2 "gallops" had disappeared up slope in the brush. It appeared to be full grown and was quite bright rusty on the head & side of the shoulders, grizzled brown on the rest of the upperparts. The vegetation at its point where it was seen is Douglas Fir - Tan Oak. Madrone forest, but there is a logged off slash area within 1/4 mile downslope and some small areas of ceanothus - manzanita chaparral somewhat farther. It is about 1 1/2 miles from the open pine forest on its upper slopes of Bronnen ranch.

Coppell 1949 Citellus Beecheyi aug. 14, 22 "Bald Wells" NW of Schoolhouse Peak, 2100-2500 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. Common in the grassland which is grazed by sheep, and fewer in the cultivated (now stubble) fields (manegs Ranch). one heard, "seen calling" near the entrance to its burrow just outside the manegs ranch headquarters was uttering a wheezy "ba-chick" apparently functioning the same way as the much louder clearer "peek", heard in other regions than this. These squirrels were also noted well within the Larry oak woodland below the grassy balds, many having their burrows in the steep hillsides, where they have been worn down to bare earth by the sheep's feet. aug. 24-25 Coyote Creek & ridge S. of it to Arbor Camp Ridge (on 25th), 2400-3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Seemingly less numerous here. The balds here are grazed, but apparently less intensely. During mid-day on the 25th, when the weather was hot, only 1 was seen in 1½ hrs. walk around a large bald & thin oak woods. This one was uttering the same wheezy "ba- chick" noted above. aug. 28 Horse Pinto Creek, 4¾ mi. N & 1¼ mi. E Willow Creek (town), 800 ft. Humboldt Co., Calif. Two here are living in a slight thin area in the Douglas Fir - Tan Oak - Maple Alder, forest near the high bridge across the stream. There is no field or grazed area. one has its hole under at the base of a tan oak, 30 yards away; its bridge.

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Cogswell 1949 Citellus Beecheyi 2 Aug. 26-Sep Trinity River Valley, Willow Creek to 2 ½ mi N, 400-500 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. Common along the dirt roadsides in ranch areas, and a few along the high river flood bank adjacent to the Klamath weed field & a few scattered trees.

Cogswell 1949 Citellus lateralis Sep. 8 S. Dubakella Mtn, 5700 ft., 12 mi. S Hayford, Trinity Co, Calif one came up on top of a rock to set in the midst of a large clump of buckberry oak (near a few scattered manzanita shrubs) to watch me as I put the mountain Quail I had just shot in a core. As I started toward the squirrel it ran down into the bushes, but a squeak brought it back up & I collected it. Its cheek pouches contained about 50 small bulbs, a few of which were saved.

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Cogswell 1949 Cutanica amoenus (2 mi NNW) Sep. 6 Red Mtn., 5300 ft, 14 mi S Hayford, Trinity Co., Calif [illegible] Caught 1 in a "museum special" trap set on needle litter near a small hole in ground at the base of a 20 ft. high Pinus jeffreyi. The edge of a rather open manganita bush was a few feet away upslope and scattered Barry oaks (tree & shrubs) and pines downslope. The species seems to be common in the open pine forest near here, one is seen repeatedly about a big log & snag near the spring by our camp - in white fir (abies concolor) and [illegible] pine forest. Its call note, corresponding to the one described for E. sonomae on Sep. 3-4, seems somewhat lower pitched and less staccato than that species. The specimen collected (#113) had 2 pine nuts in each cheek pouch and 1 in its mouth. Sep. 8 S. Dubahella Mtn., 5600 ft, 12 mi S Hayford, Trinity Co., Cal. (9:10 a.m.) I can see one of this species atop a 6 ft. high rock outcrop downslope from me as it scolds me. It is just above the zone of manganita brush at the border of white fir-jeffrey pine forest on a N-facing slope. Its calls a steady series of sharp "chips", considerably lower pitched than those of E. sonomae, the notes being sounded at its rate of 4 or 5 per second. Distinctly bearded ears, bright colors of back sides, and brown tips of tail hairs seen. Cf. also notes on E. sonomae [illegible]

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Cogswell 1949 Eutamiás amoenus 2 Sep. 9 (2 mi. N by W) Red Mtn. 5300ft, 14th mi. S Hayford, Trinity G, Cage (11:00 a.m.) As I sat writing notes after collecting the Eutamiás sonomae one of this species came up along the open forest floor investigating Jeffrey Pine cones on the needle litter. It finally saw me and ran up on a small log & came to abrupt attention with tail stiffened slightly below the horizontal and the left forefoot (closest to me) held thus: after 2 or 3 min- log surface -> ft. forefoot utes of this position, the animal turned around & assumed a mirror image position, viewing me with the right eye, with right forefoot raised. It was silent all this time, although others of this species were calling a short distance away. after 5-10 minutes a Eutamiás sonomae came & chased it off the log [see that species account]. observation interrupted by my shooting a white-headed woodpecker.

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Cogswell 1949 1 Eutamias townsendi Aug. 10 2:35 p.m. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. - (1 mi SSE of camp) The noise of the shot with which I collected a Tamiasciurus hudsonicus [see account of that species for description of area] set about 5 chipmunks to chirping. One of them was on the more open bank about 10 feet off the ditch of the road and was collected ( ). The others were well back in the shrub thicket or perhaps, even up on the slope just above. Others have been heard in similar habitat for the last 1/4 mile or so along this road. Aug. 18 7:00 a.m. I shot one just within the border of a thicket of Rubus parviflorus, R. vitifolius, & R. spectabilis which is backed by alder & willow trees & fronts on a pasture about 1/3 mile south of camp. This one and about four other chipmunks had been startled calling by my shot at a yellow throat 10 min. before (see species account of Geothlypis trichas) 8:55 a.m. about 1.1 mi. S. & 4 mi. W. of our camp the west side of the canyon of Maple Creek, in the burned over area (see Journal), has some tractor roadways built up it in terraces for 200 ft. or more above the canyon bottom. I walked up one of these to take a picture & chipmunks started scolding me all around. One of them was shot at the edge of the dirt slide below the roadway, alt. Jude about 100 ft.

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Cogswell 1949 Entanias townsendi. 2 Aug 8-19 Big Lagoon Humboldt Co. Calif. (SUMMARY) Very common in the tall herb & shrubs of the 3-year-old burn; somewhat less so in adjacent riparian -> Sequoia older woodland areas & in stubble near the lagoon. Aug 21 French Camp, 3200 ft., Humboldt Co. Calif. I collected one as it sat on branch of dead Douglas fir on ridge top bordering tanoak oak - chinquapin brushland and grass & bracken slope. It was eating a large gooseberry at the time, which was found to be a half sphere, hollowed out from the end opposite the pedicel & containing only 3' remaining seeds. Sep 8 B. Dubahella mtn., 5600 ft., 12 mi. S Hayfork, Dinity Co. (9:10 a.m.) Calif. I can see one of this species on the lower part of the trunk of a white fir (abies concolor) at the border of the forest on a N-facing slope. It is 30 yards or so farther down the slope from me than the E. amoenus (whitewire). Both are scolding me steadily; but the call notes of this one are lower pitched and given at the rate of 2 per second or very slightly faster. The tail jerks laterally at every call (the animal is clinging head downward on the trunk. Its dull coloration on back & sides and large size were observed distinctly, and compared directly with E. amoenus.

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Cogswell 1949 Cutaneus townsendi 3 Sep 9 (1 mi. N) Red Mt. 5500 ft. 15 mi. S Hayford Trinity Co. Calif. I collected one from the top of a 5 ft. high stump to which it had just run after scolding my approach with and expressive "chip- chip-I-dl-churr -chur-chur" -- lower pitched than the similar note of C. amoenus. The area is a flat about 2 acres in extent, covered with open pine forest and marganita & canotles shrubs (see Journal).

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Lugwall 1949 Eutamias sonomae Braman Mtn, 3600-3950 ft. Humboldt Co. Calif. Sep. 1 Many of the shrill voiced chipmunks (see journal p. 102) Sep 3-4 heard. The interpretation of the call given on p. 102 hardly covers this species' range of expression, at great excitement the note becomes as high pitched as any mammal note I have ever heard (except some bats + mice) and very staccato: (following at rate of 3 notes per sec)

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Coquell 1949 Eutamias sonomae 2 Red Mt, 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Cal. Sep.6 (cont) dense brush as they do when alarmed. I collected one from top of a 3 ft. high branch of a fallen log in midst of a dense thicket of Ceanothus cuneatus on a S-facing slope with a few scattered Pines (jeffreyi x ponderosa). 3+ other chipmunks, scolding me with similar calls, ran into the brush from near the log. 2 of them came up on a rock to scold me as I started writing this. Sep.8 (9:10am) S. Dubabella Mt., 5600 ft., 12+ mi S Hayfork, Trinity Co. Cal. along the trail in the area of low shrubs just above the upper border of white fir -- Jeffrey pine forest on a N-facing slope I [illegible] 3 species of chipmunks scolding me at once. although I cannot see this species, its extremely high pitched call, as described on Sep 3-4, is in sharp contrast to those of E. amoenus & E. townsendi (which see). This call is given in separate series of 8-12 staccato notes. Mellow "pook" notes heard also, but which species gave them I do not know Sep.9 (2 mi. N by W) Red Mt., 5300 ft., 14+ mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co. Cal. at 10:30 a.m., while I was writing notes on the Puffing owl observation, in an area of open Jeffrey Pine, In- cense cedar, and a few tawny oaks near an opening in the forest bordered by Ceanothus cordulatus. several of these chipmunks became active in the brush. They had been silent since soon after my shot at the owl, but soon one came up slope along a fallen cedar log just within the forest & sat on a branch of it calling a series

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Cogswell 1949 Cutaneus sonomae 3 Sep. 9 (2Y mi NW Red Butte, 5300 ft., 14+ mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co., Calif.) (cont) of high pitched mellow “pook” or “took” notes – about 1 note every ½ second. This was about with binoculars 25 yards from me. After checking to make sure of the species (since many C. amoenus were also around) I shot it. A few minutes later one came out on the open forest floor, giving the high- pitched “tchik” or “tsset” series described on Sep 3-4. It eventually ran onto the same log where the C. amoenus (see that sp. acc.) was sitting; I had an excellent opportunity to compare them both of 9x binoculars in the field of vision at once. This one is much larger; the gray tips to the lateral tail hairs and a tannish area on the shoulders show up well as field marks. If the proper angle of view can be had, the brownish anterior meral surface of the ear fading into whitish posteriorly can also be noted [of C. amoenus]

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Cogswell 1949 Peromyscus maniculatus Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 9 Caught 4 in line of traps set last night: one adult ♀ (=# 6), saved a 3 young ♂♂, 1 of which was only half-size, 2 of which show beginnings of brown pelage of adult on sides. The traps were all set under the edge of brush or blackberry thickets except the one in which the adult was caught, which was on a small mossy log about 8 inches in diameter, 1 foot above ground partially under canopy of dead things and blackberry. Aug. 12. Caught 4 in line of 55 traps, in sites as indicated: - ♂, changing from juvenile to adult pelage - 2 ft. from water on side of a 15 ft. diameter thicket of berry bushes, ferns around base of elder tree, about 2 ft. from water. - small young (solid gray) - on big log under edge of canopy of berry bush & alder sapling thicket ♂♂ at border of a small opening in the thicket 15 yards from the main edge. - gray young - on mossy log 1 ft. above water amid jumble of logs crossing sluggish stream under a 20 ft. Salix sitchensis. - young - 3 ft. within salmonberry, blackberry, & nettle thicket at border of 20 ft. wide grassy strip. elder trees nearby. Aug. 13 one young one caught in trap near stream in redwood forest, 300 ft. alt.

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Cogswell 1949 Peromyscus maniculatus 2 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug.15,16 - (see Journal for record of catch) Aug.17 Caught 1 ad. F in trap set along old logging road thru Redwood-x-Douglas Fir- Tawland Fir forest just a short distance (see map) NE of N.end of highway bridge across the lagoon. also, 1 young caught in trap set on edge of small clearing in same forest. Aug.20 French Camp, 3100 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 8 males, 6 females caught in line of 50 traps set across a dry grassy area and along the border or just within the border of Douglas Fir, Tanbark oak, Incense Cedar forest around it. manzanita shrubs are occasional and Bracken fern is common at this forest border. Aug.21 2 M, 2 F caught in same trap line, all of them young. aug.27 3 mi. N Willow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 3 caught in line of 26 traps set on steep N-facing slope under Maple-Alder forest (see Journal p.93 for description of understory) Sep.6 Red Mtn., 5300 ft., 14 mi. S Hayford, Trinity Co., Calif. 2 caught in line of 40 traps set along a dry ravine & adjacent E-facing slope in open Jeffrey Pine- White Fir- Incense Cedar woodland with discontinuous thickets of Ceanothus cretatus, C. cordulatus, or Arctostaphylos ? (petula?). This race is very pale, a big contrast to those from our previous camps. One specimen was saved (=101)

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Cogswell 1949 Peromyscus truei? Aug. 11. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. one caught in trap set under a small log about 15 yards within a 10-foot high thicket of salmon-berry & blackberry. Upon skinning it [= #13] the stomach was found to be full of a creamy, white mushy material (= mushrooms?)

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Coppwell 1949 Neotoma fuscipes Sep 3-4 Braunran Mtn, 3700, 3400 ft. Humboldt b. Calif. one was caught in a Schuyler trap set amid tall dense "chaparral" of manzanita - Quercus sp.- and Ceanothus unastes. The trap was set just S of the main peak where one of the high pitched voices chipmunks had scolded me on Sep 1. no wood rat nest was visible from the trapping site. another was caught in a Schuyler trap set at an entrance to a 2 1/2 ft. high nest at the 3700 ft. level. The nest was placed along one side of a somewhat over the middle of an 8" diameter barkless log. materials included in it nest were the usual twigs + slabs of Pinus jeffreyi or ponderosa bark up to 8" long and 4" wide + a few dried and green twigs (including leafage) of manza nita. The site is on the N. facing slope in open pine forest with some Douglas fir admixed (see Journal, p. 105)

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Cogswell 1949 Microtus oregoni Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 15: One caught in trap set under Juncus sp. clump which is one of several such in 40 ft. wide grassy thistle area (old logging road) about 20 ft. from Butler Creek. Young alders or berry bush (Rubus sp.) thickets surround the area except to the SW which connects to the larger pasture area along maple creek near our camp. (see map).

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Cogswell 1949 Cethrionomys californicus Aug. 27 3 mi. N Yellow Creek, 700 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. One was caught in a trap set on ground cleared of the 2 inch deep leaf litter (dry) on a steep slope with Sword Fern, Calif. Huckleberry, Red Alder, & Beg. Leaf Maple overhead. The area is one of maple- alder forest which fills the bottom of Coon Creek Canyon, but the site of the capture was about 120 yards up from the stream. There are occasional "mossy" patches on the steepest parts of the slope where the leaf litter does not remain. Aug 28 another caught in trap set under overhang of moss covered rocks on this same side.

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Cogswell 1949 Zapus trinotatus Aug. 11. Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Caught two in traps set behind logs on the borders of a 20 yard wide grassy avenue in a spruce-alder forest. The one prepared had its stomach full of a creamy white mushy material (mud??) mistaken entry (see Aeromyscus) Aug. 12. Caught 5 in line of 55 traps, in sites as indicated: ♂ - in pocket in edge of 15 ft. diameter thicket of blackberry, salmonberry, bracken, & sword fern at base of alder tree at edge of stream and a grassy opening. ♀ (not saved) - caught by tail. 5 yards from last, in similar habitat with a large sword fern clump in addition & furtles from the tree. ♂ (#18) - on top of old, mossy log 4 1/2 ft. above ground, under edge of salmonberry & bracken canopy fronting on a 5 ft. sedge, juncus, & fern filled strip beyond which is open grass. on ground under border of berry bush thicket in open spruce-alder forest fronting on 20 ft. grassy strip.

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Cogswell 1949 Zapus trinotatus - 2 Big Lagoon, Humboldt Co., Calif. Aug. 13 Caught two in a line of 51 traps set along stream & up adjacent slope in redwood forest: ♂ - 8 ft. from stream on ground amid moss covered boulders & logs which are topped with Oalis Polystichum minimum, 60-80% Red. wood canopy overhead. Specimen not saved. ♂ - 30 yards up a NW-facing slope from stream, amid Polystichum minimum & other small semi-shrubs on a substrate of Redwood twigs. About 50% Redwood canopy overhead. Caught by tail: Kept alive by Dr. Pearson. Aug. 14 ♂ caught in trap set on mossy log among ferns & salmonberry on NW facing slope about 30 yards from stream & under 80% Redwood canopy. A hole was eaten behind the left ear, & the specimen was not saved. Aug. 15 ♀ caught in trap set under edge of Rubus sp. & other bushes along old, grassy logging road about 10 ft. wide (near Ritcher Creek).

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Cogswell 1949 Lepus californicus Sep.6-9 (2 1/2 mi. NNW) Red Mtn.; 5400 ft., 14 mi. S Hayfork, Trinity Co, Calif. on 3 days out of 4, at varying hours in the a.m., I jumped a jack Rabbit from the open shrubland on the border of the small barren area on the ridge above our camp. The shrubs from under the edge of which I ran were usually dense Ceanothus, or Brewer oak -- in an area where about 30-70 % of the ground was covered with similar shrubs of these kinds or of arctostaphylos patula?. When that frightened into running the Jack Rabbit dodged between several of the bushes & eluded me; at no time did I see it go across the bare open area on the highest part of the ridge.

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