Bird notes, v4397

Allen, Amelia S.

Unknown

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

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Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Contributed by Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. | www.biodiversitylibrary.org

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298 Pages

Bird Notes 1938-40 Amelia S. Allen

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Order of Shore Birds - Also dates so far ascertained. Black-bellied Plover, July 22 - Apr. 29 Semipalmated Plover Aug. 18 - Oct. 16; Mar. 2 - May 3, Surfbird July 29 - Apr. 13. Puddy Turnstone Aug. 12 - Mar. 4. Black Turnstone July 29 - Apr. 26 (July 28, 1938) Long-billed Curlew July 24 - (July 13, 1938) Hudsonian Curlew July 12 - May 20) Spotted Sandpiper Wandering Tattler July 23 - May 18 Western Willet Greater Yellowlegs July 26 - Apr. 27 Lesser Yellowlegs Knot Sept. 28; Apr. 21-29. Least Sandpiper July 18 - May 5 (July 13, 38) Dunlin* Sept. 5? May 5- Long-billed Dowitcher July 23 - May 5- Western Sandpiper July 21 - May 20 Marbled Godwit July 22 - Apr. 29. Sanderling July 25 - May 20 Northern Phalarope July 26-Oct. 20; Apr. 25-May 24 (July 13, 1938) * 1938, first seen Oct. 28; 1939, Oct. 14. 1940 1. 11 Oct. 10.

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1938. Jan. 1. Boulder Creek. Cloudy, warm, no frost: Worms in the garden. Heard Bristols, Purple Finches, Chickadees, Towhees (Brown & Spotted) and a warbler with a very light "chip". Left at 2 p.m. for Berkeley. Stopped at Mountain View Marsh. Tide was right but atmosphere very murky so visibility was poor. Birds were very abundant. Black-bellied Plover - ab. Long-billed Curlews - not so many. (10+) Hudsonian Curlew - (10+) W. Willet (ab.) Least Sandpiper (ab.) Dunlin (ab.) Western Sandpiper (ab) Godwits (ab.) 40+ near highway. Dowitchers - very abundant. The three Sandpipers and Dowitchers were the most numerous. When a bird made a popping noise in passing, great numbers of these smaller birds flew up - several hundred. The larger birds were more, cattered and many of them were more numerous out in the deeper water at a distance from the highway. Not sufficient light to detect a Yellowlegs - heard no calls to indicate this presence. Leslie Salt Sign has disappeared

Jan. 3, 4. Thile fogs in Berkeley. Spring song of Vagón's Wren and Thrasher as well as Wren-tit, and Titmouse. Jan. 5. Heavy thile fog. As we were driving to Boulder Creek we decided to go through the new low-level Tunnel and down through the San Ramon Valley but found the fog still more dense there. It was not until we were half way up the Saratoga Grade that we drove out into clear sunshine. Weather at San Boulder Creek was beautiful; air very clear, air very warm, frost at night. Jan. 6. Boulder Creek. Birds much more abundant than at any time this winter - robins, Horned Thrushes, Varied Thrushes; great flocks of Siskiyou and juncos and Chickadees. Many Towhees and Warblers. One Kingfisher heard. Jan. 7. Birds haven't made an impression on the madrone berries yet though some years they are all eaten by Dec. 15. Worked in the garden in the morning, transplanting seedlings - After lunch we slept in the sunshine for an hour (yesterday also) then started to Berkeley. When we got to Saratoga Gap we could see the whole valley filled with a high fog, more rain tops only were clear. So we drove home via the Skyline Blvd and Bay Bridge. Distance the same as via Santa Clara, and time 2 3/4 hrs. Cold in Berkeley with ground fog. During the night the least wind began to blow.

1938 Jan. 8; 9. East wind. Clear, sunny. Jan. 10. Faculty Bird Section went to Lake Merritt. Ducks were less numerous than usual. The man who feeds at the Embarcadero said they had been less abundant all winter and recently some one had been shooting near the lake. There were no Redheads, Teal, Golden- Eyes or Mergansers seen, and only one Buffle- head. The European Merganser did not return this year. One Black Brant was near the fresh water feeding station - probably pin- ioned. There were great numbers of Bonap- arte Gulls. Weather beautiful. Jan. 11. Boulder Creek. Clear, sunny warm. Arrived 11:40 a.m., lunch at Clement's. At the cottage we napped in the sunshine. Then walked the rest of the afternoon in the garden. Many birds - Siskins, Juncoes, Chickadees, Nuthatch Throats, juncos sang occasionally. A Spotted Towhee bathed in the mush-room pool (no ice). 50+ Bk. Clover at Elbows in green field. Jan. 12. Stopped half an hour at Mt. View Marsh - Tide flowing out - too far out for best observations. However there were still many birds on the mud flats - Black-billed Coots - perhaps 150-. Two of these birds kept together all the time, running back and forth rapidly near a pool. It looked like Counting. They were eldom more than a foot apart - when one turned the other did also, invariably. Long billed Curlews about 6-8 seen - always rather far away from the green water. Probably more at a distance from the highway.

1938 Jan. 12 (contd) Hudsonian Curlew - perhaps 30 scattered in the Salicornia or on the mud nearer the Highway. Invariably they showed deeper cinnamon on the lower parts, brown heads and backs and showed no cinnamon lining in wing when they flew. The Lb. Curlews had a bold look on the side of the head and neck - palter sides and underparts but when they flew showed bright cinnamon lining to the wing. Willet were abundant out near the open water- I could see the flash of black & white in the wings as flouts changed their positions - Only a few near the highway. No yellowlegs seen or heard. Least Sandpipers abundant very near the roadway, soon outside the fence. Western Sandpiper - quite sure I saw some mixed in with the Dowitchers and Least Sdp. near the roadway. I suspect that large flocks out near the open water west Western- Dowitchers - perhaps two hundred or more near the highway. Red-backed Sandpiper - none seen near the roadway- may have been farther away. Marbled Godwits- only two seen on the mud flats. At Dammavarton Bridge the Tide was out farther than I have ever seen it (-0.6 of Ft. H.) - hundreds of feet of mud exposed but nothing on it except Dowit- ches at its west end. The usual Eared Grebes in the first

1938 Hundreds of Bonaparte Gulls on the East Pool - Salt Pool - A hundred probably Willets & Godwits partying in the oceons, A few Reddy Ducks and two Egrets. Between the bridge and Alvarado there were thousands of gulls following the tractors and as it grew darker many were flying toward the bay. Much plowing being done and every tractor seen was at the head of a white line of gulls. Jan.13. I swept out the bird pools and put out food. Half an hours later a flock of Bush Tito was bathing - also two PC Knights, 1 female Spotted Towhee and one Song Sparrow. The Song Sparrow drove away the knights and Bush Tito before going into the water. A Titmouse was coming frequently at the table and a Hermit Thrush to the Toyon Warm - partly cloudy (or foggy)- Jan.14,15. Warm, springlike. Thrasher singing continuously. Also Wrentit, Song Sparrow and Titmouse occasionally. Rain at night(15%) Clear Jan.16. Started at 3 p.m. to Boulder. Colder and clearly in the mountains but became warmer at night. No frost or ice. Jan.17. It began to rain about 9 a.m. as we could do very little outside. James saw a flock of about 50 Cedar Waxwings. Started home at 1.25 p.m. At not Bird Island Tide was high, No birds but gulls, At Sumbarton Bridge Salt Pools several hundred Cared Gulls & Bon Gulls 8-100+ Damburn.

1938 jan. 26 Lady Birds went to Contra Costa Co. Clear but a cool or chilly breeze. (2). At San Pablo Reservoir we found about 30 Ruy-necked Ducks, 50 Geese (Hatchins?), a few Mallards (4), 1 female Merganser and a few Rared Grebes. The Merganser swam just under the surface of the water. The geese were on the water part of the time but later flew to a grassy slope to feed. Many coots. Below the dam we took the first road to the north and had our lunch in a sunny spot where a Vigor's Wren was singing. Heard a Townsend Warbler. After lunch we continued toward Martinez, but just before reaching the town turned forward Walnut Creek, then through Pelley Valley to the main highway. One stop at a pasture in a valley where there were orchards - many Aud. Warblers - and on the hillsides swallows and towhees heavy with berries. Great numbers of Robin's, Titmouse, Kinglets and Yo. Goldfinches. One large bird flies which suggested an Anthroop Green Heron. Before returning to Berkeley we visited the Nabersand Bee Ranch on Tyee Creek where we found a Mocking Bird, Sapsucker, Nuttall Wood- pecker, Bluebirds, White-crowned Sparrows, along the road: Quail, Madrobirds, Bluebirds, Shrikes, Jays (Calif. Coast), No hummingbirds or Bushtits. Many Sparrow Hawks, one Cooper's, several Redtails. Beautiful day, beautiful drive.

Jan. 27. Two Fox Sparrows at feeding table. Have been very scarce all winter. Rain. Jan. 29. Clear again. 2 Fox Sp. and 2 G.C. Spar- rows came for food. Also the usual pair of titmouses, Br. & Sp. Forbes & Song Sparrows. At 10 a.m. we started to Boulder Creek - Clouds disappearing as we continued south. Reached Vine at 12:15, After lunch, had nap in sunshine at cottage. River very high and muddy. Birds more abundant than any time this winter. Varied Thrushes, Robins, Hermit Thrush, Great flocks of juncoes, Chickadees, siskins - spring songs. Jan. 30. Cloudy. Varied Thrushes singing where another - giving their single notes at many different pitches At Mc. Vire Marsh at 2:30 p.m. The tide was just right so that there were many birds near the highway. Black-bellied Plover - many single birds - Long-billed Curlew - 4 seen. "Curlew" call Whimbrel - 20? W. Willet - many single birds Least Sandpiper Western " Red-backed " Dowitchers - hundreds - Gulls abt. 100+ Godwits - 40-50 - some calling vigorously At Dumbarton Bridge - a few ducks up? Eared Grebes (200+), Two flocks of birds age ? Godwits or willets - could not identify - 3 Egrets. Cold. Cloudy. W. Fr. 5 o'clock.

1938 Jan. 31 Raining. Continued through week. Feb. 5. Still raining. Blizzards in Sneeran. Snow on Mt. Diablo. Winter birds increasing. Shovellers Mt Edm Feb. 12. Still raining continuously. Spotted. Towhees have been heard giving a whisper Song as he hopped about on ground. Throater heard at times - more Highways closed. Near Lake Knoll (Feb. 11) a lake 3ft deep and covering two or three acres crossed the highway. Feb. 13-15 Still raining Feb. 16 Clearing Feb. 18 Another heavy rain - Feb. 19 Clearing. Went to Boulder Creek. Santa Cruz. Commorants, Gulls, Seaters. Freedom. Feb. 20 Beautiful sunny day. Sun reaches Cottage. Creeper singing. Varies Truist & Hermit Sniping. Feb. 21 Berkeley. Light rain early. Clear later. A flock of Purple Finches came in - all Singing. Siskins, guses. Spotted Towhee in full song. Feb. 22. Heavy fog early; high fog until 3 p.m. Clear. Warm. Went with Miss Gladding and Mr. & Mrs. Givin to Mt. View Marsh, Palo Alto Yacht Harbor, Dumb Bridge, a little way on road from Mt. Edouard S. Mates Bridge, Bay Farm Island and Lake Merriett. Tides at Mt. View was too far out for best birding but many were seen. (No rails) List: Western Grebe - 2 (bed - Dumb. Cared Grebe Dune. (2005), Lake Merriett 10+ Fulvellow Cormorant. (1) yacht / harbor St. Blue Heron - 3 - Dumb & Yacht / harbor

Feb. 22 (contin) Snowy Egret (1) Dmn. Black-Crowned Night Heron (2) Yacht Harbor Snow Goose 12+ (Whistling Goose 10+) (Baekduing Goose 2) White-fronted Goose 2 Lake Merritt - (primaries) Mallard 50+ Yacht Harbor Baldpate 100s Lake Merritt Shoveller 40+ near San Mateo Bridge Pintail 6+ - Lake Merritt Canvasback 20-40 L. v (near fresh water pool) Diver Scamp - Alameda & Lake Merritt Bufflehead 8+ - Lake Merritt White ng. Sester - Dmn. Puddy Duck - Dmn. Lake Merritt Marsh (dakke) (2) Dmn. Spanow (dakke) (2+) Coote - 100s bet. Mt. Edent Alvarado Blu Clover, 100+ Mt. View, Dmn. Al. Kielder ab. Mt. View, Yacht Harbor Mt. E. Lapwiled Curlew 10+ Mt. View Hudsonian 40+ 3 W. Dmn - Willit 100s Mt. View, Dmn. Al. > Yellowlegs - Yacht Harbor 2 (or 1 not tried) Bart Sandpiper ab. Mt.V. Dmn. Al Red-ir Dowitcher 20+ Mt. View Godwit 200+ Mt. View, Dmn. Al. Sanderling 30+ Alameda (over)

1938 Feb.22 (contin) Glaucous wings Gull} Calif. Gull Ring t. Gull Lake Merritt Bonaparte Gull - 3 flocks, 20+ each - Al. Horned Lark 20+ Al. (Bay Farm only stop) Pipit, general - fairly ab. Mt. View, Damm. Y.H. Al. Redwing Blackbird - Near S. Mateo Bridge W. Meadowlark, ab. in suitable places, singing Brewer Black bird - ab. Eug Sparrows - Lake Merritt juncos ranches, House Finch - 2 flocks - E. end Damm, G.r. Goldfinch a few with House Finches Brown Tanagers - Along highway Al. County only Bryant Savannah Sp. Mt. View, Damm (Song) Willet Sparrow - Berkeley Santa Cruz Sparrows - Alameda Co. 5B sp., Al. Salt Marsh Sp. singing - D. rang. Feb. 26. Warm, summer day. Boulder Creek. One Kingfisher heard, Feb. 29. Cloudy. Warm. Feb. 28. Partly cloudy with heavy rain in the late afternoon. Faculty Bird Group went to Contra Costa County. We stopped near the Maranga Road not far from the Orinda junction (1/4 mile) where San Pablo Creek flows through. Birds were very abundant and many species. We spent an hour or more there then went on to San Pablo Reservoir where we ate lunch. Then

Tyson Creek (Naberdland Bee Ranch) where birds were very fecund as compared with former visits. Foraline Commoners - 3 at S.P. Res. Blues, Herons - several "" "" - one flying over (Mrs. Sand who lives near the place. Where we stopped first said she saw one perched on one of her garden chairs.) Shoveller (3?), Ring-necked Ducks (12+) Ruddies Sparrow Hawk (2) Gull (reflect), Coots (ab.) Kildeer (Tyson Creek, flying over) Gull (sp?) Anna Hummer (1); Kingfisher (1); Nuttall Wasp-pecter (2), California Wap. (many) Thickers (ab.) Black Phoebe? - at each stop, apparently building under bridges . California jays (several - 10+); Titmouse (very abundant - building, awing) Wrent-tit (2 heard) Virginia Wren (1 heard) Herrick Thrush (1); Varied Thrush (12-15) Robins (Tyson Creek); W. Bluebirds S.P. Res. (6) Red Winglets (2 - one singing ); Audubon Warbler - Manago Road auf S.P. Res. Lutescent Warbler (heard) Black Birds (100?) in close flocks S.P. Res. Measurloader (one on top of water bank, shore) Have always found die in spring at the Bee Ranch. Purple Finch (1 heard singing) Linnet? etc. Willow Goldfinch (Tyson Creek), Threeds Goldfinches (air) Spotted & Brown Towlees, Juncos, White-cs. S.P. Goldfinch Song Sparrow. 39 sp.

1938 Mar. 1. Rain. Mar. 2. Floods in Southern California. Mar. 5. More rain. Mar. 6. " " Thrasher singing between Showers. Song Sparrows at 5:30 a.m.- March 7. Raining most of the time. Warbler Group went to Crida and San Pablo Reservoir. 5 saw fewer birds than on Feb. 28 because rain. St. Blue Heron, Fallowe Cor., Ring-necked Ducks, 3 S. Hawks, 2 prs. Redtails +1; Nuttall Woodpecker Flickers (ab.) Calif. jays (ab.); Titmouse (singing); Wrens (singing); Robins, R.C. Warbler, And Warblers & Meadow Larks, Linnet, Sb. Goldfinch, Spotted & Brown Thrasher, Junco, Huetlet (or Pie-gut Sd Sparrows, Golden-crowned Sps. Song Sps. (singing). March 9 - Clearing. March 10 - Partly Cloudy. A pair of Vigoris Wrens investigated March 11. Rain at night. Cloudy day. Floods of Siskiyou March 12. Raining steadily. Purple Finches singing; also Thrashers, Wrentits, Song Sps., Titmouse March 13. I heard a Lutetient Warbler in the distances beyond the end of Mosswood Rd. Still raining. The Vigoris Wren was the first bird heard this morning. About 10:30 a.m. I went out for a walk between showers. Before 11:30 there was a heavy downpour with hail. I walked to Hamilton Canyon as far as the Mann house and back. The sun was shining and many birds were singing but I heard no summer visitors, Purple Finches were singing every where, especially where their were

almond trees in bloom. Juncos, Robins and Thrushes were very abundant. Berries which have been over abundant are beginning to die. apparent there were enough left in the old live place to attract many robins, Varied Thrushes and Hermit Thrushes. There were crowned Sparrows there too but more singing. One Anna Hummingbird (male) was at the usual spot on the wires near the pipe which carries water across the road. I heard a Grackle note but only when a Thrasher was singing and > suspect it was an imitation. A Spotted Towhee ended its soft trill several times with a note like that of a Western Flycatcher. One pair of Bush Tits was very busy in the cypress tree at the corner of Mrs. Panies lot but > could not detect a nest. One flock of Bush Tits was seen. Song Sparrows were singing and Chrysos Vireo scolding. Other birds seen: Flickers ab.; Dusky, Brown Towhees (four across from Mrs. Panies. One of these kept fluttering its wings but got no response from anyone of the three near it.) Audubon Warblers ab.; Siskiyou (one flock flew over) Calif. Jay ab., Linnets- Wren Tuts (singing) Many birds at the feeding table: Food bread and sun flower seeds. Titmouse (pr.), Calif. Jay, Br. and Sp. Towhees, Fox Sparrows and Song Sparrows.

1938 March 14. Birds seen between our house and the Campgrounds by way of the Stadium Rim- (Sharp-shinned) or Cooper Hawk - 4, three Together. California Jay, abt. Coast Jay heard. Flicker, several. In a pine tree near the Greek Theater a fresh hole had been made in a place where a large branch had been sawed off and painted. It was about Twenty feet from the ground. Saw a flicker near it. Willow Woodpecker heard near bridge back of Co-op- Anna Hummingbird near old M.V.Z. building- Allen Hummingbird near Women's Faculty Club. Rufous Hummingbird near Greek Theater. Titmouse - heard near bridge back of Stephens Union Buck-tit - Many pairs, no flocks. One nest back of House hold Arts Building. Wren-tit - Several heard singing. One female seen in Cretaceous bushes on Stadium road. Audubon Warbler - abt. in Eucalyptus trees near Greek Theater. Purple Finch - abt. Singing everywhere. Lunnet - 12-15 in olive tree at Bowles Hall. Brown Towhee - several pairs. Golden-crowned Sparrow - abt. along Stadium road. White-crowned Sparrow (Pugetensis) - one flock near House hold Auto Bldg- Ruthall Sparrow - in full song near Campgrounds. Song Sparrow - in full song, generally distributed. Ruby-crowned Kinglets - several singing.

Mar, 15-24. Raining most of the time. Lutescent Warbler heard occasionally near the house. On Mar. 24 both the Fox Sparrows and Hermit Thrush were singing early in the morning. Clearly afternoon. Mar. 25 N.W. wind. Clear. Mar. 26 The first clear week-end since Feb. 26 We went to Boulder Creek where we soaked up the sunshine. A few Cliff Swallows near Mt. Edna March 27. Early a.m. a Warbling Vireo was singing and about 10 a.m. a western Flycatcher began calling. Chickadees in flocks. Green backed Gobypicids - three flying high - all with wings buzzing instead of normal flight. Was it a case of two males courting one female, The white patches in wings were very conspicuous as the wings buzzed. Ideal weather until about 1 p.m. when it became overcast. Generally overcast on grey haze and cooler Cedar Watwings in Estely Mar. 28. Wind from N.W. drove away the fog and clouds. Bird trip to Oakland Air Port, Clear with strong cold wind. Tide high. Lit: Loon (Red Thr. of Pac.?)- one diving Homed there - one was apparently just changing & breeding plumage. It showed red on neck and sides of body. Neck shorter and thinner than Eared Grebe. Eared Grebe - several seen - all in water ph. Farallone Cormorant - a large flock pishing - St. Blue Heron: One seen

1938 Mallard - 1pr. Golf Course Canvasback - two seen Lesser Scaup - 200+ Common Loon? seen. Am. Golden Eye - 6+ - two min. P? Surf Scoter and White-winged Scoter Ruddy Duck - a very few Marsh Hawk - one seen several times Clapper Rail - running across a slough Coot - several seen Bufflehead - Belding's? - 20-50, acalated, winter plumage, 1 breeding plumage? Kildeer - several pairs Black Turnstone (one seen) Willits - 200+ scattered - one close flock. Long-billed Dowitcher - 20+ close in. Probably Glacous - winged Hull - ab. Western Gull - Prov. Cali. at Ringtail also - Forster's Tern - 20+ on bay just west of airport. (first ones seen this spring) Horned Lark - Many seen. Song heard. Barn Swallow - near Golf Course. First this spring Pipit - several seen. Still in winter plumage; Meadowlarks ab., Singing. Apparently located for nesting. Limpets - in brush back of airport. Singing Barnyard Sparrow. Very ab. Found a nest on ground under short coarse grasses. Nest completely domed with a constricted entrance. Three eggs. Dry wide blades grass formed the frame and dome of the nest - 29 Alameda Salt Marsh Long Sparer - ab., Singing Least Sandpiper - small flocks scattered about Western Sandpiper - possibly - not definitely seen 32 Sandloung - bunched at high tide -

March 29. Cold wind. March 30. Warner. At the south end of the Stadium a Cliff Swallow was flying about. An Andrew- Don Warbler was singing. Lady Birdy went to Sonol and Calanoras Creek. We could find no Lewis Woodpeckers or Yellow-billed Magpies. No herons seen, Our first stop was at the bridge opposite Castlemont Country Club where we found Bridled and Luteinent Warblers, Black-Headed Gull B and Western Flycatcher as well as many permanent residents. Winter visitors: Hermit Thrush. The first stop was farther north at a ranch where Cliff Swallows were building their nests under a water tank and on a barn where there was a convenient ledge above the siding. Each one of a pair brought mud and places it. One nest was almost finished but most of them only just begun. There was a flock of Bigit-Bound White-crowned Sparrows feeding and bathing and running. After we left the main road we found a small flock of Savannah Sparrows on the road side. They perched quietly on the fence wires or dropped into the grass. Among the Tules Yellowthroats were singing and Mr. Sheldon heard a Tule Warbler Redwings were much excited and repeated different loud calls as well as the usual Song.

1938 Many chickadees were seen in the canyon above the bridge and Lutecent Warblers were spared for nesting. A Warbling Vireo sang several times but passed on. Turkey Buzzards (air) were soaring about the rocky peaks and a pair of Redtails above the upper canyon. Each one of the pair dropped the feet as they neared each other. Flora: Wild poplacer, mustard, poppy, cream buttercups, shooting stars, sorrel, sage, bright blue eyes, yellow List: Coat (near Pleasanton); Kildeer (2 ptr.); Duck (a few in overflowed areas); Quail (one flock); Turkey Vulture, Shikla Hawk(1); Redtail (air). 2yo Nandet. Allen's Hummingbird; Flycatcher, Calif. Woodpecker; Black Ohoobe, Western Flycatcher(1); Horned Lark(1); Tree Swallow, Cliff Swallow; Coast Jay, Calif. Jay; Chickadee, Titmouse, Wrentit (I heard); Tree Wren (heard); Hermit Thrush, W. Bluebird, Varied Thrush; Ruby- crowned Kinglet (1); Shrike; Warbling Vireo; Lutecent Warbler, Audubon Warbler, Paleolated Warbler, Yellowthroat; Meadowlark, Redwing, Brewer Blackbird; Calif. Purple Finch, Lusinet Green-backed Goldfinch, Brown Towhee, Spotted Towhee, Junco, Pigeon. 21. 2th. Cr. Savannah Sparrow, Song Sparrow (very alt.) . 44ap. Many toyon berries still on bushes, madrones in bloom. March 31. Clear, chilly breeze. 2 Thrashers vireing in song, Titmouse, Lutecent Warbler April 1. Heard a Snailcatcher across from 2.1 Moswood.

Apr. 2 - Berkeley - Heard a House Wren singing near dairy- April 2. Cloudy on the way to Boulder Creek but sunny and warm there. I heard the Cassin Vireo singing and giving the call note used by the young birds. In the late after- noon we went to Santa Cruz and drove along the West Cliff Drive. Birds seen were: Brown Pelicans, many; Pinnacles Cormorants, many; Gulls (no Heermanns); Western Grebe; Surf Scoters. (No Cliff Swallows Swimming or shore birds or Black Turnstones.) Very clear starlight later. April 3, High fog early; Sun came out at 7:15. Warbling and Cassin Vireo, Luscinia and Pale-bellied Warbler and Western Flycatcher singing. Heard a Hummingbird (not Anna) Juncos (a pair) kept near the Toyon part of the drive. Beautiful warm morning. On way home we ran into high fog near the summit and it was cloudy the rest of the way home. Blossom Festival at Sara Logan. At noon we noticed Three Turkey Buzzards - Two apparently courting when a third appeared; After some time one started toward Ben Lomond Mt. with only one following it. Apr. 4. Campus. Bany. Cedar Waxwings 75t; Sisters 50t; Robins building on volutes of columns of L. Science Bldg., alighted on three different columns - Two hum- mimg birds were much concerned over two gaps. We saw the jay go into an oak tree and carry off what looked like a tiny bird; supposedly a baby hummingbird. Two hummingbirds kept buzzing about. Were they

a pair or two females. Light was so poor we could not tell. Other birds seen in pairs: Song Spar. rows, Brown Torkees, Bush Tits. Purple Finches were singing constantly; each time from the tip of a conifer. Jimcoos heard. Golden-crowned, and Puget Sound Sparrows in flocks and Nuttalls in pairs. Heavy rain in afternoon and all night. April 5. Cleared suddenly with north wind. Birding at Grinda. Stopped first at right of highway on San Pablo Creek. Hills covered with live oaks and small valley oaks. Later we went to the head of the lake at the Country Club. Birds seen: Ring-necked Duck, American Merganser! 5. Ruddy Ducks (two males in full plumage), Mallards; Costs (4); Quail, Buzzard, Redtail (2), Cooper Morning Dove band Hawks (among trees, then sailing); Calif. Woodpecker, Redbr. Willard and Nuttall, Flicker (ab.); Coast Jay (1), Sapsucker Calif Jay (15-20); Black Phoebe (nest in conduit supported by wire; Western Flycatcher; Titmouse (very ab.); Wren-tit, Vagris Wren, Hermit Thrush?; Warbling Vireo (pair seen); Ruby-crowned Kinglet (2 singing); Bleeker billed Nuttall's (male feeding female); Hummingbird (Anna whistle heard) Meadowlark; Linnet, Purple Finch, Gb. Goldfinch, Lutescent and Audubon Warbler (full plumage); Brown and Spotted Towhee, Golden-crowned and White- crowned Sparrow (sp.?); Song Sparrow, Violet, Green Swallow (over lake 2) 39 species.

1938 April 6. Warner. Worked in garden - first time this spring. April 7. Varieble. A Cassin Vireo was heard near the house, and a Tolmie Warbler in the distance indistinctly. A small group of Bush Tits went through the trees bt. All notes heard were adults. Much more sun since trees have been thinned out. Heard Gulls Calling as they do when they spiral upward to migrate. April 9. Beautiful spring day. As the tide was right we stopped on the way to Boulder Creek at Mountain View Marsh expecting to see great numbers of migrating water birds. Instead there were fewer than at any time during the winter. The only birds seen within a hundred feet of the highway were two Clapper Rails outside the fence and Two Hudsonian Cirlces. In the distance I could see Long tailed Cirlens and Willets. At Dumbarton Bridge there were Red backed Sandpipers, some with black bellies, a few Least Willets (a few) and perhaps a thousand Bluebills. Many Cliff Swallows At Boulder Creek no water birds were heard. Warbling and Cassin Vireos and Western Flycatcher were heard more con- stantly and a Black throated Gray Warbler was singing much of the time. I did not detect a female. (continued on next page) April 10. Warm - perfect weather. Colder on The way home with fog coming in from ocean. Berkeley warm. Crisp at night. Saw one Pintail Duck -

1938. Apr 9 (contin from previous page) In the after noon we drove to Santa Cruz and out the West Cliff Drive. Tide was high. Many Brown Pelicans, Farallon Cormorants, Gulls, and two large flocks of Sanderlings (one on a grassy slope at the top of a cliff over the ocean.) the band of Western Grebes. No Turnstones or Guillemots. At this point where the Guillemots usually nest. There were swarms of Cliff Swallows, many more than we saw at Dumbarton Bridge. April 11. Partly overcast, chilly wind. The Faculty Section went to Alameda and the Oakland Airport. At the first stop on the new highway in Alameda on the edge of the bay (with a sea wall) a large flock of Bonaparte Gulls (almost all with black heads) were on the water. They seemed to be jacking up something from the surface of the water (insects?) Bluebills were numerous and a few Scaup Scoters in full plumage and bright tails) were seen. One female Golden Eye. The next stop was on the outer shore of Bay Farm Island where we saw more Scaup and Scoters including the White-winged. Further on the outer point of a tidal island (high tide) was crowded solidly with Sanderlings and Red-backed Sandpipers. As we turned in toward the air port from a shore line to the north a huge flock of shore birds rose, divided and circled, but were too far away to identify exactly

We drove past the buildings at the air port and crossed over to the inner shore near the radio building. The first bird seen was a Red-throated Loon which really showed red feathers on the throat. We watched Bryant Sparrows, Horned Larks, Salt. Marsh Song Sparrows; then walked back along the shore to the slough at the bend where there were great numbers of gulls. On the water were 6 Farallone Cormorants, many Lesser Scaup, a few Surf Scoters; several groups of Hudsonian Curlews flew over. At the slough the tide was running out and four Caspian Terns were seen among the Gulls. Flocks of Black-vented Closver in full plumage began to appear and became very abundant - hundreds of them - very excitable - settling to feed then suddenly rising and circling about as an airplane plus over. The sandpipers were in great flocks too and some Dowitchers were seen. Least Sandpipers were closely identified but there may have been other kinds in the distance. As we came back Foster Terns appeared, actively feeding by dropping suddenly to the water. Very few willets were seen. I heard the calls of Long-billed Curlew but the Hudsonians were seen. Three Greater Yellowlegs were seen, List for the day: Red-throated Loon, Western Grebe (10+); Eared (or Horned Grebe) (1); Farallone Cormorants (6); Great Blue Heron (2); Canvas Backs (a few); Bluetails abundant; Ann Goldeneye - one female;.

1938 Alameda - Bay Farm Island (cotton), April. Baffle-head, one female (white on side of head, small bill); White winged Scoter (a few); Surf Scoter (many); Redbilled Murrelet (i. Caliland) Clapper Rail (heard); Cost (a few); Black- bellied Plover in full plumage (in great flocks) Killdeer (several); (Long-billed Curlew partially heard) Hudsonian Curlew (several small flocks seen near by. I think many of the huge flocks on the outer shore were H. Curlew); Western Willett (very few nearby.); Greater Yellowlegs (two); Least Sandpiper (huge flocks); Red-backed Sandpiper, some in full plumage; Long-billed Dowitcher (numerous; usually well out in front of other species, actively probing); (Western Sandpiper not definitely identified); Sanderling (in large flocks); Glaucous-winged Gull (ab.); Western Gull (ab.); Bonaparte Gull (ab. with black heads); Caspian Tern (4); Forster Tern (8-10); Anna Humming- bird (i. Cal. hills); Flicker (i. Cal. hills); Nuthatch (air) singing; Cliff Swallow (Alameda); Barn Swallow (airport) Calif. Jay (i. Cal. hills); Bush Tit (i. Oak. hills); Robin (Mrs. Fritz' garden); Pipit (a few); Lutecent Warbler (i. Cal. hills); Meadowlark (ab.); Brewer Black bird (a few); Eng. Sparrow; Calif. Buffle Finch (Mr. Blrd); Linnick (a few); Mr. Goldfinch (Mt. Blrd.); Brown and Spotted Towhee (Mt. Blrd.); Bryant Savannah Sparrow (ab. Nest found on May 28 now has three young birds. Nest very hard to see.); Nuttall Sparrow (Mr. Fritz' garden); G.c. Sparrow (i flock - Mt. Blrd.); Santa Cruz Song Spar. (Bay F. & Mt. Blrd.) Al. Salt Marsh Song Spar ab; 50 sps.

Apr. 12. 8:30-4:3 a.m. Heard from my bedroom window: And, Warbler, Bilestates, Intercent, Telminie Warblers, Anna Hummer, Song Sparrow, Lonnet, Wrentit, Thrasher, Vigor's Wren, Cort Jay, Culy Jard, Tine Birdlin, Spotted Towhee, Purple Finch, House Wren, Shrike. Miss Heding showed me an Album Hawing birds with in juncture - 2, 294. April 13. Clear with cold north wind. At early dawn, I heard one song phrase of the Thrasher; then one of Song Sparrows (4:50 a.m.). By 5 a.m. the Thrasher and Song Sparrows were singing continuously followed by the Spotted Towhee. Then a Hermit Thrush called several times and sang con- tinuously with fully twenty repetitions of its double phrases. Later the Wren-Tit, Bilestates and Telminie Warblers, Vigor's Wren were singing. At 8:15 a.m. the Lady Birds went to Cornell Hollow. The flowers were wonderful and hills that were dry at this time two years ago were lush with grass. But water was only just coming into leaf and sycamore trees were still bare. Before we entered the hills south of Livermore we saw orioles and Lewis Woodpeckers and many Mourning Doves. Fanchir or Thrushbirds and Saramanah Sparrows were abundant. We saw no Rock Wrens along the way and none at Cornell Hollow. On the way back we stopped at the little eroded valley where we found them two years ago and there we found a pair just starting a nest. Two years ago on this date the young birds were hatched (T.T. McCabe). The hole in which the nest was being built was near the top of the eroded bank and was only five inches or so deep and had a wide opening so that we could see the beginnings of the nest easily. The male perched near by; otherwise the female was at the nest. The Say Phoebe was seen near the bank also but frequently flew far

1938 up on the hillside. Several times we saw a Prairie Falcon flying very swiftly; Twice we saw one teasing a Turkey Buzzard. List of birds seen or heard: Snail, Buzzard, Redtail (a pair), Prairie Falcon, Sparrow (hawk), Killer, Mourning Dove, Nuttall Woodpecker, Lewis Woodpecker, Flicker, Western Coughfeather, bird, Say Phoebe, Black Phoebe (Arroyo Mucho), Cliff Swallow, Barn Swallow, Violet-green Swallow, Cali. Jay, Bush. Tit, Rock Wren, House Wren, Western Bluebird, Western Gnatcatcher, Pipit, Cali. Shrike (abt.), Lutescent Warbler (?), Meadowlark, Redwing, Grise (Bullock), Brewer Blackbird, House Finch, Green-backed Goldfinch, Brown Torthee, Lark Sparrow (a pair at Arroyo Mucho) Chipping Sparrow, Juncos (very gray in a flock), Gambel Sparrows (several flocks flying), Golden- crowned Sparrow, Western Savannah Sparrow. 38 species. I suspect that the Lewis Woodpeckers were preparing to nest as we saw no groups, only single birds or pairs and at our place we saw the pair investigate a hole. Following tractor below Alvarado were 50 Bonaparte's Gulls. Apr. 14. Easter Vacation. We drove to Boulder Creek via Dunbarboro Bridge. Lesser Scaups were still very abundant. No Rare Grebes, Pelicans, Egrets, Herons or Curlews. All three sandpipers were present, Least in largest numbers; Redbreasted scent and most of them with black bellies; and a few Western. No large flocks. A few Willets.

1938 No Phalaropes yet. At Mountain View marsh birds were very scarce. Tides was coming in. Several (6?) Hudsonian Curlew and one Long- billed was seen and a few Black-bellied Plover in full plumage and Willets. At Woodedge also Pileolated - two pairs. a pair of Lutescent Warblers, Chukdeers in flocks. April 15. Spent most of the morning in the garden. Beautiful weather. Several Black-throated Gray Warblers heard, and several Pileolated. No new spring birds heard. In the late afternoon we went to Santa Cruz and drove along the west Cliff Drive. No Cinquefoil Swallows at the point where they usually nest but hundreds of Cliff Swallows soaring about. Tide was high but on the sandy beach near the Light House a few Scoliro were scampering on the beach, wallowing in the shallow water and then floating off when the waves receded. One small flock (25?) Panderling were running after the receding waves and racing back before their coming in. Ten Hudsonian Curlews came in (sunset). Juncos seem to be nesting under Toyon at Woodedge. April 16. The first bird I heard in the morning was a Black-throated Grosbeak and a little later the Olive-sided Flycatcher began to call. Just before we left at 2 p.m. a Lazuli Bunting was singing. The only winter bird heard was the Golden-crowned Sparrow. On the way home I heard Gambel Sparrows. Overcast but mild.

1938 April 17. Easter, Berkeley. A very warm spring day. Lutecent Warblers give their alarm notes in certain parts of the garden. I heard one Audubon Warbler. No Hermit Thrush. Worms are beginning to eat the new foliage on the oats. A Purple Finch sang at 2 a.m. - nesting near? Sislin's head. Lutecent warblers are singing very better. April 18. Still warmer than yesterday. Spent the morning. Heard a Hermit Thrush early. Later the Black-headed Grosbeak was singing. About 8:15 a.m. A Tolew Warbler was very near, a Red-breasted Nuthatch also; and a House Wren investigated the Titmouse Box. Spent the morning with a class in Cordova's Park. So many birds singing. Only two winter visitors: Golden-crowned Sparrows (corns bright) and Cedar Waxwings. A Spotted Towhee gave a very peculiar song and syllabled, loud, clear - no suggestion of the usual song. List David, Annora Allen H. (an Allen was cheering a Calcutta Warbler); W. Flycatcher, Titmouse (quiet), Bushtit, Vesper Wren, Wren A., Robins Warbling Vireo, Lutecent and Calcutta Warbler, Ammott, Purple Finch, Grosbeak, Wk. Goldfinch, Brown Spotted Towhee, Song Sparrow. 208 species. Those checked were singing continuously

April 19. Took a class to Saranap and Alamo. Overcast but warm. Light reflected from clouds made visibility very poor. List Redtails and Sapanow Hardies, Alamo (2yg), and Allen (possibly Rufous) Hummers, Calif. Woodpeckers, Nuttall Woodpeckers (giving a call different from the rattle - sharp peels, peels, peels, peels - lower pitched and slower than Willow), Willow Woodpecker, Cali Jay, Western Flycatcher, Ashthroated Flycatcher (heard), Tatouwse (ab.), Vagons Kren, House Wren, Robin, W. Bluebird, Warbling Vireo (gathering shredded bark for nest); Yellow Warbler (first seen or heard this season - at Saranap Station and Alamo Creek but none at Naberlands); Sutescent Warbler (No Pileated Warblers); Cliff Swallows - very busy gathering mud for nests; (Rivule at, much rivalry; Redwings (at Saranap Sta.); Brewer Blackbirds - at Naberlands there were two close flocks of over fifty each which circled near and through the trees where they usually nest. One pair came through above. Will one of the two groups take the nesting area? Are they the birds that were raised at this spot? Or is one group native here, the other not? (no Buffle F. Meadowlarks, Grouse (ab.), Linnets A (too ab.), Green backed Goldfinches in flocks but our pair was building in a small tree at Naberlands', Spotted Towhees (ab.), Brown Towhees, (Small streaked sparrow with lighties from tail acted

1938 like a Saramal Sparrow); Lark Sparrow - a pair had just been battling in the marine at Haverlands and were preening their feathers; Gamble and Golden-crowned Sparrows, Song Sparrow (at Claws only). 32 species. In the group of large trees across the B.P. from Saramap Station Birds were very abundant. Eng. Sparrows, Linnets, Calif. Woodpeckers, Orioles, Green-backed Goldfinches, Yellow Warblers and a Lutescent Warbler. As we came home we stopped at the end of Morwood Rd. where we saw several Chestnut Warblers, Spotted and Brown Thrushes, Song Sparrows and heard the hummer which does the pen- dulum with the broken note at the bottom of the arc. Miss Gladding told me she saw young juncos near the Faculty Club. Allen N. still sitting on nest in fuchsia bushes the porch. Apr.21. I cleaned out the titmouse box - an old pellet left. April 22. A House Wren was seen about 11 a.m. at the titmouse box, and soon after began to take in sticks. Very quiet - probably female. A Dwarf Hermit Thrush, was seen on the terrace in front of the dining room. It was catching small insects by running after them. At each run however it fell forward on its head almost as a wagtail does. I noticed also that it's tail frequently touched the ground, then discovered it was nearly one foot.

We drove to Boulder Creek in the afternoon. We found every thing in blossom, Eugenias, Ceanothus, Flowering Crab-apple, Tamarisk, Mountain Ash and Lilacs. Also Baby Blue Eyes, Lavender, a few poppies (red) and California Poppies. Birds too were very abundant; Chickadees, juncos, Cassin and Warbling Wren, Black-throated Gray, Bulbuls and, Lutiscient warblers. No yellow warblers yet. Black-billed Throats and Olive-sided Flycatcher heard occasionally. Saw a pair of Allen Hummers and a Vaux Swift. Nothing fishers yet. April 23. Worked in the garden most of the time until we left at 3:30 p.m. for Berkeley. Beautiful weather - warm but partly overcast. Heard the Hermit Thrush. April 25. A Lazuli Bunting sang near the house. I saw a Cooper Hawk, circling just above the trees next the house. At 5 p.m. we took Prof. and Mrs. Wade-Garay across the two bridges - Immenseable flocks of Sandpipers on the sand at W. Berkeley and was the Toll Gate. Many Bonaparte Gulls. Cloudy most of the day.

1938 Carmel Apr. 27. The Lady Birds went to Carmel. Cloudy. Left Berkeley 8:30 a.m. Between Mt. Eden and Alvarado we stopped to see the birds on water still remaining from heavy winter storms. Cinnamon Teal (3), Dovetiters, Semi-paluated Clover (3), Yellowlegs (1), Cost and a Bittern were seen. Farthers on Bon Gulls. At Dumbarton Bridge even on first salt pools: Thala-ropes and Red-backed Sandpipers in full plumage Carpium of Fortner Terus, Bluebills, Eared Grebes (75) in breeding plumage; At Palo Alto, Wood Peewee; At Mt. View Marsh, Clapper Rail, Fortner Terus, Hussonian and Long-billed Curlew, Godwits; At Almaden Lajuli Ponding, House Wren, Bush- tits nest. Toward Hecker Pass, Criele, Cliff-spring Sparrow, Common Loon and Violet-green Swallows (or reservoir); At Moss Landing; Least Tern, Red-breasted Mergansers (30+ several males); Ruddy Duck & Dovetiters, Herd. Curlew; At Monterey (lagoon) Bridled Grebe, Ruddy Ducks, Tree Swallows. April 28: Raining, Carmel, Pigeon Guillemots, Baird Cormorants, Brown Pelicans, Herd. Curlew Sandwings, Barn Swallows, Willow Goldfinches, Bajin Mithatik, Cedar Waxwing; At Pacific Grove, Pacific Loon, Pig. Guillemots, Surf Bird (1), Black Turnstone (2), Black Brant; At Monterey (lunch at Pop Ernest) 20-30 Common Loons, At Palo Alto Mockingbird, At Dumbarton Bridge Avocets, Black-crowned Night Heron

Carmelita. 1938 April 27, 28. List: Common Loon, Pacific Loon, Red Throated Loon, Western Grebe, Eared Grebe, Pied billed Grebe; Brown Pelican, Farallone Cormorant, Brandt Cormorant, Baird Cormorant; Gt. Blue Heron, Black crowned Night Heron, Bittern, Black Braint, Mallard, Cinnamon Teal, Pintail (4), Lesser Scaup (100+), White Winged Scoter, Surf Scoter, Ruddy Duck (courtship), Red-breasted Merganser; Bnyard, Redtail, Spawon Hawk, Marsh Hawk; Dusky; Clapper Rail, Coot, Black-bellied Plover, Killdeer, Semipalmated Plover, Surf bird, Black Turnstone Long-billed Curlew, Hudsonian Curlew, W. Willett, St. Yellowlegs, Red-backed Sandpiper, Western Sandpiper (abundant); Least Sandpiper (? Could not see color of feet), Red-backed Sandpiper, Long-billed Dowitcher, (very red breasts), M. Sociatus (at Mt. View Marsh only) Sanderling, Avocets (6), Northern Phalaropes (100s), Glaucous-winged Gull (vin.), Western Gull, Bonav parte Gull; Caspian Tern, Forster's Tern, Least Tern, Birgen Gullblewot; Mourning Dove; Shot-eared Owl, Anna Humming bird, Allen Hummingbird; Kingfisher, Calif. Woodpecker, Flicker, Black Phoebe, Western Flycatcher, Wood Pewee; Horned Lark, Cliff Swallow, Barn Swallow, Tree Swallow, Violet-green Swallow, Yellow-billed Magpie (nests in Sycamore Trees), Calif. Jay (1); Crows (at Carmel and Monterey); Titmouse, Santa Cruz Chickadee (Palo Alto); Bushtit, Pygmy Nuthatch (Carmel); Wrentit (Almaden), Vireo Wren, House Wren, Mockingbird, W. Robin, W. Bluebird; Cedar Waxwing, Shrike (Calif.); Warbling Vireo, Lutecent Warbler, Yellow Warbler, Yellowthroat (Carmel), Paleolated Warbler, Red-winged Blackbird, (over,

1938 Apr.27,28(Cortin), Meadowlark, Bullock's Oriole, Brewer Blackbird, Grosbeak, Lazuli Bunting, English Sparrow, Calif. Purple Finch, Lusinet, Willow Goldfinch, Green-backed Goldfinch, Spotted Towhee, Brown Towhee, Bryant Sparrows, Pt. Prins junco, W. Chipping Sparrows, Nuttall Sparrow, Golden-crowned Sparrow (heard by Mrs. Grinn), Song Sparrow 108 species. On the sandy shore of Monterey Bay, where the Del Monte Finning station used to be, there were at least a hundred dead birds, apparently killed by oil and washed up by a high tide. I noticed Cormorants, Loons, Brown Pelicans, Mergansers and Scoters. A group of Sanderling feeding near by puzzled me for some time. Many of them showed black abdomens and one a partial black collar. I decided it must be oil on the feathers for otherwise they were sanderling. April 29. Berkeley. At dawn - about 4:40 the fol- lowing birds were heard in the order given: Spotted Towhee, Song Sparrow, Rusted-backed Thrush (whistle heard for first time this spring), Brown Towhee, Hermit Thrush (singing repeatedly) Thresher (?) Coast Jay in distance. Soon after five o'clock all were silent except the House Wren. A little before six o'clock the Tolmie Warbler, Pileated Warbler and Lutescent Warbler and Black-headed Grosbeak began to sing and

the Calif. Jay called. Cloudy with some rain - On Belrose Ave. I saw a family of young Bush- tits. Heard a Red-breasted Nuthatch in Berkeley. April 30. Cloudy with light rain. We drove to Boulder Creek in order to finish burning brush - Black- throated Gray Warbler still present. Saw a few swallows (Up or Tree?). No flock of Chickadees. Russet-backed Thrush and Kingfisher heard. May 1. West wind - no rain - partly cloudy. Worked in garden. No Bulbul Vireos this spring - May 2. Bird Class spent the morning in Strawberry Canyon between the Stadium Pine and the Poultry Farm. Cold N.W. wind. Allen Hummingbird - male doing Pendulum - Flicker - not many here now. Western Flycatchers - at least three pairs. Coast jays - heard, Titmouse, Bush-tits, Wren-tits, Vigo's Wren, House Wren, Russet-backed Thrush, Warbling Vireo, Lutes- cut Warbler, Black-headed Warbler, Purple Finch, etc. Linnet, B. Goldfinch, Black-eared Grosbeak (at least four males in a song contest at E. end of swimming pool), Gray Siskin, Brown and Spotted Towhee, St. Paris Jones, Chipping Sparrow, Lazuli Bunting Song Sparrow - 24 species. A Western Tanager was calling and a Tolmie Warbler singing near the house. A flycatcher in the Sierras. Blue Canyon & Elk Mt. 5 in. snow at Donner.

1938 May 3. Still chilly. Trees in lower canyon sprayed. May 4. About 1 p.m. a Cooper Hawk alighted in the large oak west of the house and gave a call that was new to me - a loud Chin-up - louder and lower pitched than the check of a grosbeak. Another hawk flew above the trees calling Kek, Kek, Kek, Kek, and after a few minutes the perching hawk flew away with it - much warner. May 5. I heard the Kek, Kek, Kek call in the distance about 6 a.m. A beautiful day with fresh cool breeze. Birds very abundant and many songs. The Hermit Thrush called and sang about 7 a.m. Whistle of Busset- backed but no song yet. Robins and Jays eating the oak worms - Purple Finches numerous. (immigrating finches) Whenever they approach the trees near the N.W. porch a pair (?) of purple finches drive them away. I suspect the pair have a nest there. Lazuli Buntings and Grosbeaks singing frequently near the house. A warbler song heard for first time I could not identify. I did not see the bird - Need a Chipping Sparrow. May 7. About 5:30 a.m. I heard a bird squealing and then a great commotion among the jays. I went to the window but could see no hawk. Later when I went into the garden I found a Purple Finch, which was streaked above and below and showed quite a little

1938 greenish on the back. On the way to Boulder Creek we crossed from Foxhill Boulevard to the 14th St. highway a little way north of Decoto. There were several fresh water ponds and in one of them I saw four Avocets (in full plumage) and a number of Western and Red-backed Sandpipers; on a pond near the R.R. there were three Cinnamon Teal. At Dumbarton Bridge, Northern Chalceropes and Western Sandpipers were still abundant, a few Red-backed Sandpipers and one Dowitcher. None of the larger shore birds except three Hudsonian Curlews. At Mountain View Marsh the tide was too far out and I saw nothing. May 8. Boulder Creek. A warm summer day with a fresh breeze. Breakfast out-of-door for the first time. Cana lina and lupine in full bloom. Black-throated Gray Warblers still singing. Chickadees very quiet. One Kingfisher and one Wood Pewee and One Olive-sided Flycatcher heard. Russet-backed Thrush calling - not singing On the way home we stopped just before reaching Alvarado to look at a group of gulls that were following a tractor. They were California Gulls. With them I counted 60 Hudsonian Curlews - the first time I ever saw them doing this.

1938 May 9. The Faculty Bird Section had its last field trip to Contra Costa Ca Skies were overcast and the wind cold. The first stop was at Saranap Station where we found Bullock, Orchids, Calif. Woodpeckers, Yellow Warblers, Brewer Blackbirds, Brownning Doves, Western Flycatchers, Linnets, etc. At Naberlands Bee Ranch; Robins, Grosbeaks, Black Phoebe, House Wren, Vigor Wren, Yellow Warblers, Spotted and Brown Towhees, Bluebirds and Linnets by the hundreds. All the trees are filled with bird houses with openings on the floor. Occasionally one is used by a wren if the floor is large.. The Vigor Wren had its nest under shrubbery which covered a pipe about two feet from the ground and young were calling loudly. A Goldfinch was sitting in the nest we watched being built on Apr. 19. We went out to the Sunset Nursery in Alamo and on the banks of Walnut Creek found a marvellous place for birds - there we added Lazuli Buntings, Cassin Vireos, Robins, Thrushes, Song Sparrows, Thrashers, Wood Peewees, A Birchards and Lutescent Warblers & the Grouse's Yellow Warblers, Linnets etc. Once I thought I heard the notes of the Chat. One Grosbeak had lost its voice and sang with very thin notes. At home again I found a field -pleas maged W. Tanager just outside the kitchen window. The Western Flycatcher is building at the top of the drain pipe outside my room. They ganeup at Mrs. Parsons house.

(Lola Allen Hammers) May 18. The Willam Section went to Tilden Park for the morning. It was a beautiful fresh, sunny morning and all the birds were singing. Just east of the Spruce St. Reservoir on the road which goes to the bottom of the canyon we found a Jayuli, Bentwing singing. We had excellent views of it; also of the Anna Hummingbird which came back over and over again to the same perch; Dnail were giving the guard whistle. Spotted Towhees, Brown Towhees, Nuttall Sparrow, Gb. Goldfinches, Purple Finches and Linnets, Paleolates Warbler. At the bottom of the canyon There were many birds in the trees along the stream. Paleolates Warblers were in conflict (bird males, our female?), House Wren, Warbling Vireos, Juncoes, Bush-tits, Sago's Wren, Song Sparrows, Western Flycatcher, Grosbeaks. 7 Buzzards; sailed over on set wings. We went down to the lake which has been dammed and is bordered with willows. One Yellow Warbler and two Tolemites and many Paleolates and Luscent warblers were heard and a Black Phoebe. One Western Tanager, caused a great thrill. Blue Sisters were heard frequently and both Jays were seen. Also Titmouse, Wrentit, Russet-backed Thrush and a Wood Bower was heard. Still no Hutton Vireos.

1938 May 11. I watched a robin picking up worms in the street. She picked up over thirty, holding them all in her beak. Suddenly she twitched her head and lost several but picked them all up again. Her mate has two white feathers in his tail. may 13. Mrs. Fletcher's Group went to Reliez Valley where we found an ideal spot for birds - Large oaks along a stream, open fields beyond. Twenty-six species were seen at this one spot: Buzzard, Redtail, Sparrow Hawk, Quail, Mourning Dove, Calif. Woodpecker, Shudder- Willet, Wood Pewee, Western Flycatcher, Bullock's Oriole, Brewer Blackbird, Redwinged Bob, Titmouse, Bush Tit, House Wren, Swallow (Tree? or Vireo?), Warbling Vireo, Larkspur, Mr. Goldfinch, Spotted Tyrant, Lazuli Bunting, Grosbeak, Chipping Sparrow, Song Sparrow, Rusty-backed Thrush, Allen Hummingbird, Ash-throated Flycatcher. Warm day - There were many pairs of birds. May 14. On the way to Boulder Creek we passed again The Alvarado ponds but there were no birds except Cinnamon Teal and/Willow seen. Nearest Dumbarton Bridge we saw a few Bonaparte Gulls and one Willet. At the bridge, a decreasing number of N. Phalaropes and a very few Sandpipers. Two Surf Scoters from the bridge. Cloudy with some wind - Rain in evening

1938 May 15. Boulder Creek. Rained all night and most of the morning. A wonderful chorus of birds at dawn: Olive sided Flycatcher, Tanager, Grosbeak, Warbling and Cassin's Vireo, Black-throated Grey Warbler. Thrush not singing yet. Before dawn I heard the Purple Martins clearly- Flowers', Lupine, Ceanothus, Broom, rock roses, roses, pink locust, sweet William, Baby-blue Eyes - May 16. Berkeley. A Purple Finch sang at 4 a.m. then at 4:15 a Song Sparrow began, followed by a Rio Thrush (whistle only), a Spotted Purple Finch. By 4:30 a Brown Thrasher, Grosbeak, joined in. The Thrush began to sing. Then the House Wren, W. Flycatcher and Warblers - By 5:20 the dawn chorus was ended. And at Walnut Park (noticed a pair of California building a nest outside kitchen) At 9:15 Mrs. Wilburs group went to Saranap Station where we found a Long-tailed Chat in full song. He sang continuously from 9:35 to nearly 11 a.m. when we went on to Mrs. Kuig's ranch. After lunch we went to the Sweet Nursery. The list for the day was: Buzzard, Redtail, Sparrows (Hawthorn), Swain, Mourning Dove, Calif. and Willow Woodpecker, Nuttall Woodpecker (heard), Brewer Blackbird, Meadowlark, Bullock's Oriole, Calif. Jay, Violet-greens and Cliff Swallow, Anna- and Allen Hummingbirds, Western Flycatcher, Wood Peever, Steller's jays Nuttall, Wren, etc.

1938. Alta. Warbling Vireo (building a nest), Cassin Vireo, Lutescent, Chickadee and yellow warblers. Titmouse, Rustic- Cardinal Thrush, Western Tanager, Robin, Long-Tailed Chat, Linnet, St. Goldfinch, Bk. Grosbeak, Chipping Sparrow, Brown & Spotted Towhee, Lazuli Bunting, Song Sparrow The Bleeder-billed Nut-hatch alighted in the Roadway (macadam) to pick at droppings which contained something stringy (for nest?) Blackbirds attacked the Redtail and Sparrow Nestles. The Proprietor of the Sunset Nursery said a chat there began singing every morning about five o'clock. May 18. The jay's nest near the kitchen windows is finished. May 19, 20. We visited Mrs. Jump at her 200 acre ranch at Alta, elevation 4000 ft. It was early spring there; dogwood and apple trees in bloom. I found Fox, Sparrows and Hermit Warblers in full song, apparently located for nesting Mrs. Jump told me they have Mt. Druid and Mt. Bluebirds nesting there usually—Chipping Sparrow, Yellow Warbler, Black-headed Grosbeak, Goldfinch, Junco, Grosbeak, and Thrush were in the yard all the time and I saw the White-headed Woodpecker and heard the Screech Creeper. Mrs. Jump told me that in March a flock of Evening Grosbeaks came to their chimney—a large stone chimney with large fireplaces outside the line of the housewalls. A ledge in the stone work made a convenient place for them to alight.

May 21, Berkeley. The Lutescent Warblers which are nesting below the clothes reel terrace are busy feeding young and excited over the gays. May 22. Boulder Creek. Summer day - Tanager seen. no Hermit Thrush heard. Yellow Warblers arrived at last and driving off third parties. A new pair of Olive-sided Flycatchers - the male gives a two syllabled loud call that sounds like a boy whistling to his dog; gives the usual call immediately afterward. Lutescent, Pileated and Black-throated Gray Warblers still singing, but less frequently than last week. First birds at dawn, Rd. Thrush, Olive-sided Flycatcher, Western Flycatcher and Warblers. Vireos and Warblers much later. Several conflicts between Cassin Vireos and Coast Jay. May 24. I saw many Bonaparte Gulls along the off-shore highway - approach to the bridge. May 28. A family of Lutescent Warblers near the pool. May 29. I heard Robins at Ben Lomond. Cloudy- May 31. A robin was singing at our Boulder Creek place, Grosbeaks and Tanagers also. Lutescent Warblers are singing constantly again. (First brood raised, second beginning?) Black-throated Gray Warblers still singing and a Chipping Sparrow near by. No Kilton Vireos anywhere this spring. On the way home we stopped at Mt. View Marsh to see if there were any waders. Kildeer were the only birds seen. At Dunn Bridge 3 Cassian Terros. Very brame. Nothing else. Swallows, Birds.

1938 June 1.-2. Very warm in Berkeley. 80°. Song Sparrows is the first bird to sing in the morning followed almost immediately by the thrush which must be nesting very near. Tolmie Warbler sings later. June 3. The House Wren was scolding the jay. June 4. The young House Wrens are calling loudly. Lois reported a dead jay in the street; it has been there several days. That doubtless accounts for the fact that I have not seen a jay near the nest for several days. Went to Boulder Creek. Still a riot of color, Sweet William, roses, rock roses, purple verbenas etc. Azaleas in full bloom. (Heard first on April 9.) The Black-throated Gray Warbler is still singing. Tanagers were heard a mile below the summit of the Saratoga Grade, east slope; also at Boulder Creek. All the breeding birds are still singing: 4-5 Olive-sided Flycatcher, Chickadees, Rd. Thrush, Warbling Cassin Vireo, Lutecent, Pale-bellied B-thr Gray and Yellow Warblers, Brown-spotted Towhees, Purple Finch, Grosbeaks, Juncos, Chipping Sparrow and one Song Sparrow. Occasionally a Kingfisher is heard. Hummingbirds were not noticed this time. The Allen has been conspicuous for several weeks. Beautiful weather.

june 10. Mrs. Fletcher's group went to Lake Tahoe. I went in Mrs. Pepper's car with Mrs. Paul and Mary Lewis a different way from any I had known, via Marsh Creek and Boden Highway to Stockton, then to Lockport, Colorado, Placerville, American River. We stopped first at the east end of the Marsh Creek road where we watched a pair of Ash-Throated Flycatchers. As we crossed the valley we saw the W. Mowingbird, W. Kingbird, Cliff and Barn Swallows, W. Bluebird, Robin, Linnets, Redstart, and heard Redwing's, Meadowlarks and Brewer's Blackbird. The most striking bird was a Western Tanager, male in full plumage, on a weed stalk near the Boden Highway - no trees near - At noon we stopped in the foothills above Zane. Where the hills were covered with Blue Oaks - Birds were very abundant: Valley Quail, Mourning Doves, Buzzards, Nutall Woodpecker, Calif. Woodpecker, W. Kingbird, Calif. Jay, Titmouse, Brewer's, Vagrant, W. Great- catcher, Traveling Bird, Yellow Warbler, Long-tailed Chat, Chirle, Grosbeak, Lazuli Bunting, Spotted and Brown Tortoises, Linnets, Chipping Sparrow. In the grassy Countryside above Zane the Horned Larks were perched, facing the wind, on the barbed wire fences. Sometimes I could count 25 in sight at once. The occasional Dark Sparrow was seen also - There was much snow above Strawberry. The lake looked less blue than usual as the air was not very clear. Some snow above Emerald Bay. At Philmon Beach the first bird was the Fox Sparrow and the Mt. Devil was whistling. Most of the region was burned over some years ago. Some large

Lake Tahoe, 1938 red fins stand high among the manzanita brushes which cover the ground. The manzanita was in full bloom, also the squaw carpet, acreeeping ceanothus with blue flowers. The night was surprisingly warm. The Mt. Zuid seems to set as early as the Valley Zuid! June 7. Clear, warm. We had breakfast outdoors at 8 a.m. About nine o'clock we started out for a walk among the woods to the south where we found many birds in full song: The Yosemite Fox Sparrows and Green-tailed Towhees were abundant in the manzanita, and in the wood we found the Red-chested Nuthatch; Hammond, and Olive-sided Flycatchers and the W. Wood Pewee. Yellow and Paleolated Warblers were abundant and a few Audubon Warblers were heard. Warbling Vireos and W. Tanagers were everywhere and we soon found the Hermit Thrushes in full song. There were two not far apart, vying with each other in song. Both Savina Juncos and Cliff-sping Sparrows were singing and the Cassin's Warbler was heard. Calliope Hummers were on the edge of a dry meadow and the Blue-fronted Jay was oc- casionally seen or heard. A few robins were about—not too many. Late in the morning we heard the Mt. White-crowned Sparrow and an arribler whose song I did not know. Later I learned it was the Calaveras Warbler. At 3:10 a.m. the Tree Swallows began to twitter.

A Wright Flycatcher, flitted from bush to bush around the manzanitas near the Fletcher House. About 3 p.m., we drove up to Mrs. Hamlin's house, about four miles beyond Tahoe City. There we saw an Evening Grosbeak, and heard many other birds. Along the way, near The Hut, we found a pair of white-headed Woodpeckers, and near Tahoe City a pair of Mt. White-crowned Sparrows. Just as we left Mrs. Fletcher's house, a Woodpecker of the Hairy type went through the trees near the house. June 8: We packed up lunch and started to Nevada via Bigon, State Line, Kings bury Grade. We stopped at Miss Bournain Camp to leave Joan Fletcher for the day and were shown a robin's nest on a beam which supports the roof. The parents were feeding young in the nest. The view over the Minden Valley was surprising for there was such a large part of the valley overplowed and very green. As we wound toward Reno, we saw many Bleach Terns fluttering over the marshes; Yellow-headed Blackbirds were everywhere, and a Bittern and several Canada Geese were seen as well as a pair of Cinnamon Teal. As we reached Reno at 12:30 and while we were deciding on a lunchplace we saw a Lazuli Bunting and found a—

1938 Minden and Genoa, Nevada. Owls nest in the lower branch of a large Cottonwood Tree. During lunch we saw Wood Pencils, House Wren, W. Vireo, Yellow Warblers, Cyprias, Meadows Lark, Brewer Blackbird, English Sparrow, Cedar Wax- wing (heard), Linnets, Mt. Goldfinch, Spotted Towhee, Black-headed Grosbeak. As we tried to cross to Minden on the road near the end of the Kingbury Grade we came upon deep water over the roads, so returned to Genoa and crossed there. At a stop, we explored a small field that had been drained and planted to grain. The dykes were covered with wild roses 6-8 ft high and in full bloom. At least three Long-tailed Chats were singing wildly in dif- ferent parts of this hedge. Just beyond it, young Black-billed Magpies were squealing for food. Several Song Sparrows were singing. At the ranch near Minden a Fulvous Tree Duck was on the pond. Also two male Cinnamon Teal, a pair of Coots leading young through the reeds. The young had red only on the heads. Yellow-headed Blackbirds were there and a Yellowthroat was singing. Several Sandpipers were seen. It was too late to stop in the Sagebrush, We returned via Clear Creek Grade. At Tahoe Meadows this was a great deal of land covered by water. Just back of the beach Cottages I found two Spotted Sandpipers (one without spots) and a Killdeer. On the

Rubicon Beach shore there were two Mourning Doves! At the French Bakery near Byron, birds have been fed all winter at a window shelf. Mr. Pepper tells me the birds had come in droves during March when everything was under snow. A feed and coppers still come. We saw W. Tanagers on the shelf and an Anderson Warbler was near by. June 9. I went out about 6:30 a.m. and found a Tolmie Warbler in the mangar miles in full song. We watched the swallows in the piles near the Penoyer pier and found they were Tree Swallows. They had no white on the rump and the dark blue of the top of the head came down below the eye. A blackbird had a nest on the broken side of one of the piles. At noon, we took our lunch to the newly created Bliss-Rubicon Park - a beautiful place just around the point from Emerald Bay. There we found the Calaveras Warbler. The ones nearest Emerald Bay sang a song softer than that of the yellow Warbler and divided into two parts. Those near the camps all sang a louder song with the quality of the yellow-throat: Cherrie, Cher- rie, Cherries, Cheelee, Cheelee, Cheelee! They spin alight on a dead branch, or on the

1938 Tip of a small red fin. Later at Meek's Bay we stopped a few minutes among the aspens where we saw another Spotted Sandpiper and found an unfinished nest in an aspen tree. Twice a pair of Red-breasted Nuthatches came near it we judged it was to be their nest. The only Song Sparrow we discovered in the Tahoe region was singing there. In the morning we were surprised to see a Marsh Hawk fly over. Total June 6-8, 89 species. June 10. I returned with Mrs. Watts via Donner Pass. We lunched at Mrs. Jump's at Alta but could not find the Hermit Warbler. The Tanager and Fox Sparrow were there still. The young robin had left one nest; another still contained young. It was necessary to deliver a student who came down with us at a ranch above Winnats. Some rice is grown there and we saw Blue Herons and American Egrets there. Cool. Very windy through Fairfield etc. Fog in Berkeley.

Berkeley June 11.- The Blue Jay is brooding so my guess was apparently wrong. The young House Wrens are very clamorous and the parents scold all the time the Blue Jay is near; when she goes back to the nest the scolding changes to the pouring sound. At 10 a.m. we went to Boulder Creek where we found the garden in good condition and still full of flowers. Godelias and Clarkia beginning; also Blue gilia. Tanagers were very conspicuous. June 12.- A pair of Tanagers were giving a note I was not familiar with. They went dashing through the oaks east of the house. I heard the Black-throated Grey Warbler sing once or twice. Mrs. Dornin and I walked through the Santa Cruz Grove. It was so quiet and peaceful. I saw no one, until we were nearly through when a young man hurried by. The ground cover was beautiful and Erintonia still in bloom. I heard the call notes of one Hermit Thrush but no song. Creepers were singing. Cool with high fog until 10:30. Berkeley June 13.- When the House Wrens were scolding the Jay a Thrasher joined in and then a Humming bird. A Thrash backed Thrush called - no song. I found the lining of the W. Fly catchers nest hanging by a hair a foot below the nest. Cold fog.

1938 June 14. Clear, warm. At dawn the Western Flycatcher was the first bird to call so they have perhaps built a third nest near by. The Grosbeak began a little later when the Spotted Towhee and Song Sparrow were singing. June 15. Clear, warm. Wrens still feeding young in nesting box. June 16. Wrens are gone. Warm. June 18. We went to Boulder Creek. Wild Lobelia still in bloom near Alvarado- Tanagers still conspicuous at Boulder Creek. I heard the Black-throated June 19. Gray Warbler singing several times. Many families of young birds: Chickadees, Juncos, Belded Warblers. I had no time to watch them as we had such a short visit and all the plants needed water. An Olive-sided Flycatcher punched out our electric wire and darted out for flies. Warm. Sudden change at noon. Snow in Sierras. June 20. Berkeley. The Blue jay's nest seems to be deserted and looks as if it had been torn to pieces. At noon I saw a Coast Jay, alight on the post near the lower terrace. Finally he hopped to the ground and picked up a fairly large object and flew down the hill with it. I wonder if he destroyed the Calif. Jay's nest. House Wren was singing near box early a.m.

a family of very young Bush-tits sat at house. June 21. Saw male House Wren enter box - is it the same male with another mate? The brood which left June 16 has not been seen since. Heard W.Tanager in afternoon. June 22. House Wren at box about 9 a.m. The following birds are singing near the house: Thraaer, Grosbeak, Rob. Thrush, Spotted Towhee, Brown Towhee in Mrs. Person's garden (no mate?), Song Sparrow, Junco (below house), Immature Warbler, House Wren. A group of Bush-tits seemed to be of two ages - some gave adult notes, others the call of young birds. Two families united in flock? Warm. June 23. Many families of young birds about. St. Eunice's Junco, Bush-tits (thirty in one flock - all able to feed themselves as far as I could see - no calls of young birds). A Hutton Vireo was singing just east of the house - the first I have heard, since the heavy rains of March. A few minutes later a family of Vireos was in the garden. I thought they were Hutton Vireos but I was interrupted before I could verify it. Lois saw a family of very young quail below the house. June 25-27. Boulder Creek. High fog early in the morning, clear by 7:30 or 8:30 a.m. Warm with fresh breeze. Ocean and Monterey Bay covered with fog and fog below Felton until

1938 nearly noon, and I don't know how much longer. The pair of Tanager constantly near the house. Black-throated Grey Warbler has stopped singing. Families of Chickadees, juncos, bush- tits. Olive-sided Flycatcher often on the electric wire, Black Phoebes also on June 27. Goldfinches came to pool frequently. Grosbeaks seldom sang, Rob. Thrush often. Hermit Thrush heard from the cottage (singing on mountain across the highway) and also on the top of Ben Lomond Mountain. Wrentits, Warbling Vireos Wood Pewees, Purple Finches on the summit. When we returned to Berkeley we found it had been foggy and cold most of the time. June 28. We looked into a Thrush's nest in a blackberry vine at 39 Canyon Road which Lois discovered last week. The nest was empty. Brown Thrashers have a nest in an ivy on the lattice at Mrs. Pareri's back door (29 Bayeswood Rd). The birds must be feeding young as one of the adults collects food here and carries it in that direction. June 30. Heard a Hutton Vireo just east of house, Russet-backed Thrush sang freely in middle of the day. July 1. Lois found a Screech Owl's nest in a hole in an oak tree below 29 Morrisonwood. One young bird on the ground.

July 2. The young owl was still on the ground so Lois wrapped it in something warm and left it there before going to Boulder with us - July 3. Drove the new Buick to Boulder Creek. Light rain when we started and cloudy all day, even at Boulder Creek. July 3. Boulder Creek. Heard a loafer call several times from the large trees across the river. Now were seen near the house. July 4. A Black-Throated Gray Warbler sang beyond the garage but I could not find it. I have seen it so many times fly from the top of our high redwood across to another quite a long way off; so unless one sees it fly it is impossible to follow it unless it continues singing. Two Olive-sided Flycatchers, probably a pair, perch on the electric wire north of the cottage and dart out to catch insects. A Wood Pecker has its perch in the top of a tree in the woods west of the house. A Warbling Vireo was the first bird to sing in the morning. The thrushes is seldom singing I walked up the river along the Joy Camp Trail. A pair of thrushes flew across the creek and a family of quail was very conspicuous. Juncos and Mr. Goldfinch came often to the mushroom pool and juncos took bread from the porch floor when we were at the table there. Kingfishers are very silent but I saw one going through strange evolutionary habit in the slay -

July 5: While I was home I noticed Robins at Saratoga and in several places in the Santa Clara Valley, increasing toward Berkeley. I have not noticed any warblers in Boulder Creek. Berkeley July 5: Loris saw the Brown Thrushes feeding a young bird in the trees near the nest (above the owl's nest) She found the owl had died. July 11: I heard the Hutton Vireo again near the house. The Rusty-backed Thrush still sings occasionally. I hear very often a very soft whine, which may be the note of this young thrush. The Thrasher sings frequently and I hear again a phrase which I heard last year which suggests the song of the European Blackbird. I have not heard the Thrashers give it before this year. Nannybirds are abundant (monkey flowers) On the campus I heard the Olive-sided Flycatcher (song), the W. Flycatcher, the Warbling Vireo — all singing still. On Tamalpais road the Nuttall Sparrow was singing. July 12: Quite hot at Boulder Creek but breeze fresh. Very comfortable in the shade. I heard a Towhee as it crossed our place, coming from the trees near the river and stopping in the trees across the road near the redwood gate. It may have gone on to orchard trees above the meadow. It was calling frequently during its passage through our place. Birds still singing: Bicolored Warbler, Western Flycatcher, Rd. Thrush.

1938 Other birds heard: Coast jays - a family, young seasong for food; Kingfisher - heard its rattle as it flew over; Olive-sided Flycatcher, peep-pip call heard frequently. Often seen on the electric wire. Chickadees, Creeper (heard once), Cassin Vireo (chee-chee-chee) Warbling Vireo (sang a few trios), Spotted Towhee, Brown Towhee, Grosbeak - Call not heard and saw it several times as it flew across the opening in front of the cottage; Junco, Green-backed Goldfinch, Many notes of young birds I did not have time to identify. July 13. Started home about 2:30 p.m. Stopped at Mt. View Marsh with tide just going out. I was astonished at the number of birds; Hudsonian Curlew - I counted 19 in one bunch that crossed the highway and many were still visible in the salt- cowina. Many more were seen as we continued northward - with stops every few yards. Estimated more than 100 actually seen and probably many more in the distance or hidden. Long-billed Curlew - a few were cer- tainly of this species as I saw the two kinds close together for comparison. They seemed less buffy than in the spring, the sides of the head very light grey instead. They gave the cur-lew call.

1938 A number of Willets were definitely seen and probably more were among the distant birds. Several small groups of Sandpipers were too far away to be narrowly identified. I think they were Least. Several Terns looked too small to be Caspian but were too far away to see color. One Yellowlegs was seen. At Dumbarton Bridge the tide was still in but on the salt pools at the east end there were many Phalaropes- and many gulls were resting - most in miniature plumages. On a dyke in excellent light and quite close to the highway was a pair of Avocets with five very tiny young. As they walked along at the bottom of the dyke, the salt flies swarmed up about them. I think the tiny little birds were eating them. I certainly didn't see the parents feed them. The parents called frequently. Small sandpipers near them were dusky on the chest like Least. A third Avocet(ad) was on top of the dyke. Baby Avocets were smaller than the Sandpipers. July 16- We returned to Boulder Creek via Dumbarton Bridge. Out the Salt pools there were many Phalaropes; a few showed reddish on the throat but most were grey and white. Gulls were still very numerous; most

of their miniature and very ragged as if they were moulting. The few adults seen near by were California Gulls except for two Bonaparte Gulls with black heads. All were very dumpy - only two or three were seen in flight. The three adult Avocets were seen again. I got out of the car to see them, better and they became very excited, flying about and giving their alarm notes. I Could not see the babies - perhaps they were on the far side of a dyke. A number of Sandpipers were at the edges of the last salt pools. I looked them & be Least but could not get the color of the legs. I could only judge by size, the brownish coloration and dusky chests. A number of Willets were seen. Mountain Creek Marsh At Dumbarton Bridge the tide was too far out but a few Curlews were near the highway, both Hudsonian and Long- billed. July 17. There was a surprising amount of bird song Boulder Creek. at dawn and during the morning which was clear and quite hot but with a good breeze. Purset-backed Thrush, Cassin and Warbling Vireo, Olive-sided and Western Fly- catchers, Spotted Towhee, junco, Goldfinch. Grosbeaks gave the "cheek" note and once I heard the a-wheel-so used with the young- The Bicolored and Yellow Warblers were not singing

1938 but were seen or heard calling. Very young chickadees were in the redwoods back of the Cottage. Juncos picked up crumbs from the porch floor. Goldquiches came to the pool for water. Coast jays were not heard - no ravages heard. Wrens which have not been de- tected near the cottage earlier were about all day; the male sang and the female an- swered. I was too busy to make sure whether ...there was a family group (Company) at dusk, a cloud of brush tits filtered in-from broom to rose Friclin and on around the house In afternoon a Hermit Thrush could be heard singing on the slopes of Ben L. mountain across the highway. July 18. Sun rose clear - first morning for some time. Usually a light fog disappears about 7:30 or 8 a.m. Many birds singing same as yesterday. Before starting home we went to the West Cliff Drive in Santa Cruz to see if there were any shore birds there. Found it very foggy. I could not see the holes where the guillemots nest. A great many swallows flying about the sea cliffs; Kittell Sparrows, Dr. Goldquiches singing, Morning Doves on the wires. On the sandy beach I saw three Heermane Gulls with white heads. In one place two Guilmotis were crouched on the sand and a third flew to a resting hole above. A pair was seen inside the lighthouse point and five flew up to a niche where there were many dropshing. I could find more

of the rock bunting shoe birds; no others. Near the summit of the Saratoga grade, on the ocean side of the ridge a Lazuli Bunting was singing. I heard it in the same place on July 16 Lois reported seeing a Spotted Towhee feeding a young bird which was perched on a branch of poison oak. The bird showed no tail feathers and looked very young to be out of the nest. Also a family of quail on the campus, the young perhaps a week old. July 19. Lois saw a family of very small quail just west of the Stadium. Warm- July 21. Many families of young out of the nest. Very young Brush-tits about. Saw a Hutton Vireo from the window. I saw the brush-tits chasing other brush-tits when the flock was east of the house. It seemed to me that a pair had a family of young just out of the nest and a wandering flock had come into the same trees. Perhaps the parents were trying to drive them away from their young. Linnets and goldfinches fly over frequently. Linnets have been near the house more than in any season I can remember but that may be due to the abundance of blackberries just above our place. Blue jays are carrying food from the table into the woods n.e. of house.

1938 There have been no young jays near the house yet and the old birds are very silent still. I have heard the song of the jay twice this past week. July 22. We drove down to Boulder Creek in the afternoon. We were told it was very hot (95° in shade) yesterday. Fog came in at night. July 23. About 11 a.m. we were on the West Cliff Drive at Santa Cruz. Many Cliff Swallows still feeding young in the nests on the cliffs. Several Pigeon Guillemots flew in to nests or out to nest; three in view at once at one spot. [illegible] gulls on the rocks. On one bit of beach we saw one Turnstone. Near the Lighthouse I found 5 Patters on a high point and three came into a cove farther up. On the point there were also three more Black Turnstones. Cool. July 24. Fog morning and evening and along the shore, probably all day — certainly in afternoon — Grosbeaks, Thrushes, Vireos still about. [illegible] sided Flycatcher gave both calls. I think I heard an Ash-throated Flycatcher both yesterday and today. Also a Martin. Worked in garden. Cooler. July 25. Drove home via Mt. View Marsh (no birds, side high) and Dimbarton Bridge — On a point at the west end of the bridge were two Warq—Scoters, and 38-40 Willets. On the salt pools at the east end were thousands of

N. Chalapopes, an increasing number of Least Sandpipers and Willets and one group of 9 Dowitchers. 1000+ Mourning Gulls were still resting in the Salt pools, adults seen were Calif. Terns in the distance were probably Forsters. A few brown shore birds among the willets 5 thirds were H. Curls but they were too far away to make sure. Willets numbered into hundreds. At 37 Mosswood I heard young gulls calling across the road. July 29-Aug 1. Boulder Creek. Hot weather - Heard a Water Ouzel below the House. Visited W. Cliff Drive during afternoon of July 30. Found 7 Tattlers and 3 Turnstones. At several places where there was a little sandy beach there were groups of Heermann's Gulls, partly white heads and very red bills, following the receding tide. No Sanderlings. Aug 2-4. Quite hot for Berkeley - no fog. 80°+ Aug 5. Chilly fog all day. Aug 6. Made a hurried trip to Boulder Saturday. Cool. Stopped at Dumbarton Bridge and Mt. V. Marsh. At the bridge Willets has become quite numerous. Also Phalaropes and no red shovels in plumage, as well as Least. A few Western Sandpipers. Three adult Avocets seen in same place as on July 13. Could not see young. At the marsh tide was just drawing out. I made an exact count of the Curlew that were near enough to the highway so I could get the markings definitely. Eight were Hudsonian and 6 Long-billed. More farther out. Saw a number of Black-bellied Plover

1938 many in full plumage and two Todities. I could see Terns in the distance. Late in the afternoon at Boulder Creek I saw a group of four Bynny Nutbatches fly into the redwoods back of the cottage. Another one flew into a tree farther east. It is the first time I have detected them on the place, or anywhere in Boulder Creek. I have seen them at Mt. Nerson. A family of Pileated Warblers were in the oak near the garage - young fluttering their wings and calling continuously - being fed by parents. Aug. 7. Still cool and foggy. When we left at 9 a.m. Came back via Emolo & Dublin. Cool. Aug. 8. Cold fog most of day. Aug. 10. Warm. Very few bird songs. Thrasher sang once Aug. 11. Bought 8x30 Zeiss Binoculars. Stopped at Mt. Vais March at 3:20 p.m. Tide just be- ginning to flow out. Lights perfect. Willets (300+) most abundant species. Counted near highway, 23 Long-billed Curlew, 24 Hudsonian Curlew About 50 Least Sandpipers, 3 Semipalmated Clover, 1 Godwit, many Black-tailed Clover (foot) about half in full plumage; Bruce I could see so much farther and so much more clearly the difference in the number of Curlew was purely due to this. Aug. 12. Very warm at Boulder Creek. At Santa Cruz in the afternoon I could find only two Tattlers and no Turnstones. Saw two Willets with Western and Hermann Gulls on the beach. Off shore I saw two Loons (Pacific?). They were diving

actively. At one time one of them saw something on the surface of the water that he apparently wanted. It was perhaps 25 ft. away. He lifted his wings and beat them lightly above his back, and at the same time I judge he used his feet for swimming, using both methods of pro- pulsion. He fairly spun over the water, snapped up the snorel and settled quietly on the surface. Only two swallows, no Lullabys. I heard the Cynny Nuttatchers again in the redwoods near the cottage. Heard Groshawk. No vireos or warblers heard. Aug. 13 A family of Cassin Vireos spent an hour or so near the cottage. The song was heard several times, the ordinary calls repeatedly and the call of the young bird a few times. A Black-headed Grosbeak called and Cynny Nuttatchers were heard again. 2 Paleolated Warblers seen. Cooler. Very pleasant. Aug. 15. High fog lasted until noon. A large, noisy flock of Pygmy Nuttatchers went through - not just one family. A Brown Towhee was seen feeding a grown youngster. Returned to Berkeley in the afternoon. Heard a Hutton Vireo at Boulder Creek - the first time this year. Aug. 18 University work began. Aug. 20 Sat. Drove to Boulder Creek at 3 p.m. Before leaving, in the morning, I noticed the call of a W. Winter Wren near the lower pool. It stays there all the morning.

1938 Aug21. Bounded Creek. I heard the note I referred to on July 11 rain swept match until the parent birds came to feed the youngster. I found it was not a thrush but a small bird the size of a marbler or small flycatcher. I think I know all the notes of the Western Flycatcher as it has nested under our porch for years. As I did not have my glasses on, the glimpse I got was not sufficient for identification. I heard the call notes of the Calibrated Warbler, Cabanis(Hairy) Woodpecker, Sunny Nuthatchers, Chickadees, Coast Jay, Brown and Spotted Towhees and Juncoes. Saw a large fery of quail. I saw two Martins above the house. Aug. 22. Four of the "Lady Birds" were invited to have lunch with Mrs. Willebrand in Palo Alto. We left Berkeley at 9:30 and drove to Dinner- Barton Bridge. As we turned from the Centerville road into the Newark Road at the Salt Works we noticed hundreds and hundreds of Swallows perched on the wires. When we examined them we found the flock to be composed of Barn Swallows and Violet-green Swallows. A few had chestnut rump patches so probably some Vine Cliff Swallow but they were in the minority, only oc- casionally one. Both Barn and V.g. were seen on the ground where it was reddish gravel. When we returned about 4 p.m. there were a few Barn Swallows over the salt pools but the flock was

gone - The tide was high when we crossed in the morning and birds were collected by the thousands on the dypes near the hills south of the roadway. A few White Beliaus were in the distance and both Forster and Caripian Terns were flying about and dropping to the surface of the water. Many were swimming (3) among the ducks which were numerous (Eclipse plumage, probably Bintails). On the dypes there were a great many waders but even with the new glasses I could only identify Willets accurately. As we drove on we began to see Avocets, singly - but frequently. I suppose we saw 25 altogether, perhaps more. They all lacked the cinnamon on the neck. Western Sandpipers were more numerous than Least and both becoming common but no large flocks, just scattered groups. Northern Phalaropes were not as abundant as on Aug. 6 but were scattered generally on the salt pools nearer the bridge. In the large pools north of the road there were perhaps 500 ducks. The ones I could really see well were Bintails in Eclipse plumage. Gulls were everywhere but seemed more active than last month and almost all were in mature plumage. Bonapartes were quite numerous and both California's and Ring-bills were identified. Willets were the most abundant of the waders and very noisy: a few Godwits were seen (10+) and a group of 6 Black Turnstones, four of them in immature plumage. I have never seen them in this plumage before. When we returned in the afternoon, we added Black-bellied Plovers, most of them in full plumage - perhaps a dozen all told.

1938. Aug.23. Berkeley As I left the house I noticed a soft whistled note in Mrs. Parsons garden and as I walked down the road I found three or four birds the size and shape of Evening Grosbeaks on the electric wire. I had to stop and put on my glasses and they flew before I got a good look but I saw one go into the big pine tree (it looked very light colored) and one was taking out-Ash berries. All three flew across the road and took some elder berries and then disappeared in the woods. When I came back from town as I left the garage I heard the note again and looked up just in time to see three birds fly off over the Jackson houses and disappear in the distance. I have a doubt they were Evening Grosbeaks- immature plumage. (See Sept. 6.) (Tangars) Aug.25. Heard a Tanager near the house. Aug.26. Clear. Warm. Saw a Warbling Vireo. The back looked quite oliveaceous and the grey of the underparts was tinged with yellow. The white line was more conspicuous Perhaps due to new bracculars that it looked more like the Red-eyed as pictured in Hoffmann. Heard the Tanager again and a warbler which sounds like the Yellow Warbler (call note only). Aug.27. Went to Santa Cruz to do an errand. Later (2:30 p.m.) Looked for birds on the West Cliff Drive. Hermann Gull all have darker heads than on Aug.13. to July 29. Western Gulls on the cliffs. Four or five Cormorants on the nearest rocks. Pelicans on the Lighthouse Rock - One Western Gull kept calling constantly - double high.

pitched whistled note, a rest, then the same repeated- He was the only gull seen and the call may have been given in order to attract others - Tide was high and the only Tattlers seen were on the top of the dry cliffs near the arched bridge not far beyond the lighthouse (near a store) There were 8 Tattlers. No Turnstones. But one of the sandy coves where I always find Heermann Gulls there was in addition Least Sandpiper, to the Gulls one Godwit and one Sandpiper, the only one I have seen this fall. 1 Kingfisher seen- Aug.28: Quite hot at Boulder Creek after a cool night. Cassin's Vireo sang several times, a King- fisher rattled. Heard Swain and Sycamore in the garden and a Pileated Woodpecker. On the way home Tide was very high. At Mt. V. Marsh I saw two Carpian Terns and a Willet. At Dumbarton Bridge on the Salt Pools still the water was rough because it was muddy- Birds were much less abundant than on Aug 22 - no ducks; fewer gulls than in July- but still Calif.+ Ring-billed with a few Bonapartes. Phalaropes decreasing, but they may have taken shelter where it was less muddy. Several Avocets were seen, only one with brownish neck One Godwit and 20+ Willets near the road but at a great distance in a shallow salt pool many large waders (200?), Sandpipers were much more numerous, and large groups fed in the roadway. Out of a hundred probably 25 Western and 75 Least. No Dunlin yet.

1938 Aug. 30. I saw one full-privileged male Tanager and heard notes of another Tanager near the house. A thrasher came to the feeding table for bread - the first time for several years. They have come often to the pool but not to the table. Aug. 31. A Kingfisher gave its rattle as it flies by below the house. Warm weather; no fog for several days. Sept. 1. Heard a House Wren and Rob. Thrush and Warbler chips are frequent - which seems to indicate a southward movement of birds which have spent the summer farther north. Sept. 3. Boulder Creek. Cassin's Vireos were numerous - some singing and others giving the calls of young (chee-chee-chee). Since I have heard them each week, I think they have been nesting near the house. In the middle of the morning a group of Russet-backed Thrushes came in, calling loudly and giving an imperfect quarter - Birds of the year from farther north?. Cynny Warblers were feeding in the redwoods above the cottage. Sept. 6. A Tanager flew into the tree over my head giving its pretty, pretty "call". When it flew it gave the soft whistled note which I heard on Aug. 13.

Sept. 7. The Lady Birds took their first Autumn Trip along the new Ocean Shore Road, & Montara and Moss Landing and Half Moon Bay. Then we crossed the Range to San Mateo and that S.M. Bridge; where we watched Shore birds; then to the Oakland Airport. Clear, warm. Windy at S.M. Bridge; otherwise calm. Birds seen along the Ocean shore: Loon (sp.?), Western Grebe, Brown Pelicans (flock of 20 at Pedro Pt.), Cormorants at (sp?); Bluebill Duck (pool at Sharp's Park, golf course), Puddies, one followed by three young; others near by at the same pool: Pintail Sponning Coots (as and on at Sharp's) against the cliffs at Pedro Pt. & Black Turnstones, one Tattler (Moss Beach). N. Phalaropes, a few on pool at Sharp's Park, Heermann and Western Gulls (Heermann with grey heads). Black Phoebe, Linnets, Willow Goldfinches, Savannah Sparrows at Sharp's Park Pool. One gull on the pool all white head- abnormal? Normal Grebe. Birds at San Mateo Bridge: A few ducks (Pintails); B.b. Plover, 30±, one full pl.; Snowy Plover 6±; Longbilled Curlew, one only. It remained on the mud flats when all the Willets & Godwits flew. Willets 200±; Least Sandpipers, a few. Western Sandpipers at:; No red backs; Godwits 300±; Avocets 15±; Northern Phalaropes 100±; a few Bonaparte Gulls; Calif. and probably Ringbilled Gulls - not in moult flocks as at Dunn. earlier. Caspian Terns (4), Forster Terns (with white or lfts of head) 10±.

1938 Sept. 7 (cont.) At Oakland Airport; Bb. Clover, Killdeer (at. aus noisy), Willetts, 4 Downtchers, Godwits, 2 Yellowlegs, Gulls (W. Cali. 7 prot. Ring b.), Forster Terns (10t). Clapper Rail, 2 seen, others heard. Also Bryant Bar. Sp. Horned Larks, Song sp. We saw no Sanderling but they may have been present on the bay shore. Sun was too low in west to see what was there. We saw 2nd Marsh Hawks. Along the way; Sparrows Hawks were seen. Bush Tito heard (S.M.) and Brown Tanagers lit. Half Moon Bay T.S.M. Also St. Blue Heron or Crystal Sp. Lake where a dot was wandering along the shore. Sept. 9. Admission Day. Boulder Creek. Cassia Vines still singing but less frequently. Cilicatels Warbler, Rb. Thrush; Ducks heard Golden. Crowned Flycatchers - Not as we went to S. Cruz 2-4 p.m. Saw two Taliters, 3 Turnstones. No Sanderling. W. Gulls increasing (10+). Farallon Cormorants on rocks (no Bairds or Brandt's seen), A long line of dark birds flying off-shore from Light House Point were Shearwaters, Distinguished about 1000, flying northward - probably a local movement. Sept. 10. We drove home over Ben Lomond Mt. & Daven- port and via N.I. to San Francisco. Foggy at times. We lunched south of Biggin Pt. where there was a large tidal pool and

near it (also said) a great conspiracy of gulls; a few Western, more Heermanns; most of them California. Farther up the beach were six Turkey Buzzards feeding on the carcass of a Brown Pelican. I saw no Sandpiper or any shore birds as we drove along without other stops. Heermann Gulls were most commonly seen on the beaches. Sept. 12. While we were eating lunch in the front garden a Thrasher sang continuously, incorporating in its song the squawks, squawks, squawks of the Calif. Jay and the Chick-a-dee-dee note of the Plain Titmouse. A House Wren singing! Sept. 13. While I was busy in the front garden about 4 p.m. a Thrasher sang continuously in the same locality as yesterday. But today's song was very different - very crude, no mutations. It sounded like the song of a bird that had never tried to sing before. Rob. Thrush, House Wren heard. Songs of Song Sparrow and Vigorithrens. Beautiful sunnywater Robins conspicuous, many of the calls of young birds. Sept. 14. I noticed along the tops of the wall bordering the front path the regurgitated seeds of berries which has been eaten by birds.

1938 Sept. 15. As I went out this morning I found dozens of robins gathering the abundant berries of the wild currants near the entrance Steps. A few were taking the cotoneaster berries In Mrs. Parson's garden most robins were eating the Mountain Ash berries. The Lady Birds went to the Vallejo Reservoir and Bear Pt., marshes. Weather warm, no wind. We drove out of Berkeley by the Bayshore Highway from University Ave. north. As the tide was out a little way Shore birds and gulls and terns were feeding in favorable places. Near the Yacht Harbor there were many Foster Terns (20-30); all I examined showed the black line on the side of the head, the white crown. A few Bonaparte Gulls were seen. On the mud there were Bountchers (20+), Willets (2) and Sandpipers, Sparrow Plovers? Vallejo. Godwits (2). When we reached the Vallejo Reservoir we found Coots (40?), Pintails (reclipse plumage), a few Ruddy's, one female followed by seven young; Two American Egrets came in and were harried by Blackbirds. Both, Brewer and Redwinged Blackbirds were abundant in the tules. A Black Phoebe was seen and also a number of smaller flycatchers, grayish brown on back, gray below, two buffy wing bars; throat quite white extending backward on sides of neck, grayish chest & belly. No notes were heard. We could see no distinct eye ring. Were they Traill Flycatchers? They were very active in the edge of the tules. Savannah Sparrows, Willow Goldfinches and

near a large Tree on the edge.) The lake several warblers, bright yellow below, greenish yellow on back and tail, some showed buffy edges in wing coverts. Yellow Warblers?, Note a sharp chip. Tule Wrens and a Vigor Wren were in the Tules and I heard the call note of a Yellowthroat. Several Gulls (Cally. or Ringbills) on the lake and one Black on right.) Grey In the marshes near Valli's were many Black-billed Plover, only one in full plumage; a number of Willets and a few groups of Western and Least Sandpipers. Before we reached the Terrain of the hunting clubs we saw two White-tailed Kites perched on fence posts at some distance from the road. Two of us walked up toward them, and as they flew the black areas on the forward bend of the wings were very startling. When they alighted on other fence posts they tilted their tails upward several times - (When we came back later they were still there.) Several Marsh Harriers were seen, two of them very grey underneath and almost black above as my Long-tailed Ducks flew over. When I reached the ponds we found: Brisfield Grebes, 6-8. (No Feltland); many W. Blue Heron; one Bittern (very near); many (1000+); Brittles (coljese plumage); Bluebill (1); Buddies (2.5±), Redbreasted Merganser (1 female); Turkey Buzzard (2), Coots (1000), Black-billed Plover, several flocks flying over); Killdeer; Willets 4st.; a few Sandpipers, (No redstarts, dowitchers or godwits); Arrelets

1938. were massed in one of the larger ponds, perhaps a thousand or more. When a Marsh Hawk flew over them they rose and circled about and returned to the same pond. They were very striking in their black and white plumage- Some still showed cinnamon. (No phalaropes) Bulls were quite abundant but no Bonapartes were identified. (No sparrows, winged). Meadowlarks, Tule Wrens, Savannah Sparrows, Marsh Song Sparrows, Willow Goldfinches (No finches yet) Returned too early to see owls. 41 species Sept. 16. I heard the "Kek" of a Cooper Hawk, while I was dressing. I could not see the bird but the note was repeated several times. Later Lois told me she heard the note and saw Two Cooper Hawks from her window at 29 Mosswood Heard House Wren. Robins gone from garden. Sept. 17. Left Berkeley at 10 a.m. for Boulder Creek, went to Brookdale Lodge for lunch, arriving in a shower. Beautiful afternoon in our garden. Heard Pygmy Mlt. Chats and Golden-crowned Kinglet. Sept. 18. Beautiful day. Birds less abundant. Heard a [illegible] note of a Vireo (sp.? ) at Boulder Cr. Sept. 19. Cloudy most of day. Sept. 20. Clear. 1 House Wren still here. Sept. 21. A number of small migrants in oaks, marshes and vireos - not definitely identified. No call notes. Sept. 22 Saw a vireo with a very light breast. Warbling- no call note. A thrasher sang all day, beginning

as soon as the fog cleared away, about 9:30 a.m. At first there were several repetitions of the phrase as like that of the European Black Thrush but I did not hear it again during the day. This was the only thrasher singing near the house, most of the time across Monwood Rd. above our house. But from my bedroom window I could hear one singing farther up the canyon. In the late afternoon I watched Western and Least Sandpipers, feeding on the mud flats north of University avenues, on the bay shore. At one time one bird alighted on a half sub- mersed barrel and almost immediately a dozen others tried to alight on the same barrel. Gregarious instinct? Sept. 25. Santa Cruz. Sandpiper 200-300; R. Turnstones [illegible] Sept. 26. Heard a Cooper Hawk about 6:45 a.m. Sept. 27. First shower. Heard Anderson War- bler and a Western Flycatcher (sweet!) Sept. 28,29. W. Flycatcher, and Warblers and Vireos numerous. Thrasher sings most of the day. Black-thrush phrase; also imitations of quail. House Wren heard, Sept. 30. Heard many White-crowned (Pugetensis) Spar- rows singing in a field near Arvon Rd. about 4:30 p.m. Flicker calling near home.

1938. Oct. 1. We drove to Boulder Creek via Dunn- Barlin Bridge. As we drove along I could hear White-crowned Sparrows singing in many fields. When we came to the bay we could see about 1000 White Pelicans toward the south where they always congregate. Some were on the dikes, and some on the water. There were several Tule Herons near them and a number of Paintail Ducks. On the middle salt pools on our right (N.) were great numbers of Gulls resting. There were some Bonapartes but most of them were Caleg. or Ring bills. I think there were as many as 2000, many with their heads under their wings. In the last pool there were many Eared Grebes (100+) and a number of Pintails. At the very end I saw a group of 6 N. Philomachus. There were occasional Willets and a few Least Sandpipers in different places. At Hut View Marsh the tide was too far out for the best results but I saw near the highway a number of Rb. Clover and Kildeer, 7 Long-billed Curlew and as many Hudsonian, many Willets; one Lesser Yellowlegs which was very close to a Willet and decidedly smaller than the Willett (J.T.A.). Sixteen Dowitchers were bunched together with their heads under their wings; one Avocet was seen.

At some distance a large group of grey birds and brown birds were at rest on the mud. I could see the red and black bill of one of the brown birds and judge that most of the group were Willets and Godwits. At cottage Purple Finch sang a long whisper song. (Oct. 2. At Boulder Creek: 1 pair during the night and early morning. I heard a Russet-backed Thrush call several times. We left at 10:30 a.m. and up toward the summit of the Saratoga road, west side; I saw a flock of about 50 Band-tailed Pigeons. There were robins between our place and the highway. (James said he saw three two weeks ago, Sept.17). At Mountain View Marsh there were fewer birds than yesterday. I saw no Red Curls and only half a dozen Longtails. A few Bib. Plvers? Killdeer, 2 or three Willets, no Dovetiters, two Lesser yellowlegs, many Least Sandpipers, two Clapper Rails. I could not see any large groups in the distances. The both days the difference between high tide and low tide was only a little over a foot; and high tide was only 4.3 ft. At Dumbarton Bridge Eared Grebes had increased enormously (600+). Very few M. Phal. (105), only a few gulls (perhaps 100), a few Bridals, very few shorebirds, but still a great many White Pelicans. No redbacked Sh.

1938 (Oct. 3. Cool after the rain. Flicker heard again. Mrs. Hankin reported 1 Hermit Thrush. (Oct. 4. Warmer. Purplefinch singing above the Stadium and Golden-crowned near house. Heard the call note of a Fox Sparrow. House Wren heard again. At 6:30 a.m. a Vigor's Wren sang its full, clear song. (Oct. 5. Beautiful day. Lady Birds went to Lake Merced. There on its Mountain View Marsh (1-2 p.m.) their back via Drum- Barton Bridge. At Lake Merced we found Flickers very abundant; two large groups of quail; Black Phoebe, Anna Hummingbird; Vigor's Wren, Tule Wren, Andrew- son Warbler, Meadowlark, Linnets, Willow Goldfinches, Spotted Towhee, Hillside Sparrow, Puget Sound Sparrow, Goldencrowned Sp. (one only) Song Sparrow. Western, Eared and Pied- Billed Grebes (not ab.), Coots (ab.), Florida Gallinule(1), Bluebills, Baldpate. As we went on along the Skyline Blvd. we saw eight to ten hawks - Sparrow & Redtail. At Mountain View Marsh there was an abundance of birds near the highway as tide was just going out. Many Killdeer, B.b. Plover, Long-billed Curlew (30+); Hudsonian Curlew (10+); Willets (ab.), Lesser Yellowlegs 6+; Least and Viridian Sandpipers, Long-billed Dowitcher 10+; Godwits (20+), Avocets 6, 2 Clapper Rails, 1 Pied-billed Grebe, 1 Blue Heron.

A flock of pipits came in and alighted on the mud and several Bryant Sparrows were near the road. At Dumbarton Bridge there were many Sand pipers (W.T.L.), some Willets and Bt. Clover- and several Clapper Rails on the mud at the West end. After crossing the bridge there were no birds along the shore but our the Salt pools Eared Grebes (400+), N. Phala- ropes (3), Willets trunched in shallow water, resting (no Godwits with them as far as I could see) a few sandpipers but no Redbacks. Some Calif. & Ping billed Gulls and one Roma- [illegible] Forster's Terns - White Pelicans (600+) American Egrets (200+), many St. Blue Herons 1 Coroo, 1 Cost, 1 Marsh Hawk, 1 Shrike, 1 Bunner- ring Curl, x1/1 Horned Larks. Several pipits, a flock of Brewer Blackbirds, and two Audubon Warblers and a flock of Buget Bound Sp. We went around the south end of the hill where the quarry is and found we could get much nearer the pelicans, From that point we could see the egrets. A few of them seemed smaller and may have been Snowy. It was on this hill where there are old century plants, some Toyons and a few acacias and eucalyptus that we saw the shrike, flickers. And W. Sparrows and B. Curl. 52 Species.

1938 Oct. 6. Shower 11:30 a.m. - 3 p.m. Soon after the skies cleared I saw a Cooper Hawk fly past the bath room windows. When clear of the trees it began to rise in circles until I could barely see it; then I caught a glimpse of a flight southward when it disappeared entirely. Sometimes it flapped its wings at two points in the circle, sometimes once and sometimes it almost com- pleted a second circle before flapping - I suppose it took from 5-7 minutes to rise to a height of 1200-1500 ft. Golden crowned Sparrows increasing. Oct. 8. I saw a Hermit Thrush at the pool. Oct. 9. Boulder Creek. A King Fisher was rattling. Purple Finches sang sotto voce. Byny Wrenhatchers heard, Hermit Thrush "chuck-chuck"-ed. On the way home we drove through the Big Basin where I heard a W. Winter Wren at the dam. At Dun- barton Bridge Willows were abundant. I saw six Rails. The Red Grouse were very abundant but I saw no Phalaropes and no Dumbies. The Thousand Cedars were very striking with the sun shining on them. There were many Topler Terns.

Oct.10. The Thrasher sang at 6;30 just outside my window. At 8 a.m., a Ruby-crowned Kitelet was calling and a little later a Fox Sparrow was singing, Many C. S. Whitecrows and G-C. Sp. singing in the distance. Oct. 11. Saw 11 Wood Ducks on S.P. Reservoir. Oct. 12. Heard G-c Kitelets 'Summer day- Oct. 13. Birds very abundant - Hermit Thrushes calling repeatedly. Lois brought in one yes- terday which had been killed by flying into the window. Fox Sparrows, juncos, Corned Sparrows, And. Warblers, R-c Kitelets. (Heard with Coast Jay and Calif. Jay singing both voice) Oct. 14. Cloudy, Threatening. I went with Mrs. Hault and her sister to San Pablo Reservoir to see the Wood Ducks. In the end we found three but the color did not show under such a cloudy sky. We found a gate un- locked and walked down nearer the, edge of the water but they were very wild and flew through a group of pintails remarked. Just east of the end of the reservoir we found a large aggregation of birds on both sides of the road :. Quail, Flickers, Calif. Woodpeckers, Sluder-billed Willet, two Titicucos, House Wren, And. Warblers, Sparrows from Farther C. Goldfinches, Linnets, Puget-S. Whitecrows, During the morning we saw four Cooper Hawks, two Marsh Harls, a Redtail + a Sparrow Hawk. There were many coots and pintails and some boldpalo, and several Least Pied bill Grebes-

1938 Oct. 15: A northwest wind drove away the rain and reduced temperatures so it was quite chilly. At Boulder Creek it was quite windy and cool. At Santa Cruz all the Iberaum Hills had dark heads and there were many Sandpilings at the usual place. Cornucopians as usual. Oct. 16. Boulder Creek. A light frost in the early morning. A Purple Finch sang contin- ously for a long time - sotto voce. Have heard it each week and for three weeks. A crested jay came to the bird pool. Many grous - Blunt Dappelids - At Dubuquen Bridge on the way home. Willets were the most abundant species; Eared Grebes next. Many Bb. Clover, Several Clapper Rails. No white Pelicans. No stop - Clear warm day. Oct. 17-22. Growing warmer. Audubon Warblers very abundant. Oct. 19. A Western Winter Wren appeared as I was watering the rhododendrons at the bottom of the garden. From the rhodo, he went into the pile of oak branches under the N.W. Porch and then on past the house. Oct. 20. Lady Birds went to Calaveras Dam. Stayed at San Pablo Reservoir but found no Wood Ducks. They may have been on the north side of the reservoir as men were working where we saw them before. We saw a large group of Canada Geese, many wood

Buntails, Coots, a few eared Grebes, a St. Blue Heron and an Egret. Along the way Swallows, Green-tailed Goldfinches, W. Bluebirds, were often seen on the electric wires; also an occasional Sparrow Hawk or Shrike. Many Brewer Blackbirds, C. S. White Cranes abundant. Calif. Woodpeckers and both Jays- often seen. After leaving the main road east of Sonora we saw a large group of yellow-billed Magpies alight on the top of a Sycamore tree. At the dam reservoir we saw Audubon Warblers, a House Wren, A Sharp-shinned Hawk and two Redtails. On the water were several Eared Grebes, three St. Blue Herons and two or three gulls- Hills very dry. (Oct. 23. Stopped at Mt. View marsh on our way back from Boulder Creek. Tide was exactly right at 3:00 p.m. Reading of Tide table Low. 4:33 - 1.7) High 10:54 - 6.0 Cloudy with some rain. Birds were more abundant than at any time this fall and very near the highway. I watched one Long-billed Curlew bathing. He was in Hotwater deep cough to cover 2/3 of his leg. He bent forward, Thrusting his head under water for a second and throwing the water back over his body. This he did over and over again, frequently lifting one foot to scratch the feathers at the top of his left leg. When he was thoroughly wet

1938 he lifts both wings and shooe the feathers free of water. As he waded out his breast feathers looked very wet. His bathing must have continued three or four minutes. Birds seen: Black-celled Clover ab. scattered or mud. Killdeer, many. Long-tailed Curlew - four or five - Hudsonian Curlew 20-30 - very sparsely wet on breast. Willet - ab. but not outnumbering other birds as heretofore this fall. Greater Yellowlegs - 2 Lesser Yellowlegs - 1 - not much larger than dowitchers near-by. Least Sandpipers a few Red-backed Sandpipers a few (just seen) Long-tailed Dowitchers 16. Western Sandpiper (I did not see any close enough to identify.) Marbled Godwit - much more abundant, At Dumbarton Bridge. West end: Clapper Rails - 12-15 Sandpipers and B.b. Pluvia - possibly also Willets. Light bed East end Salt Pools: Eared Grebes - 33t Avocets 200+ No pelicans. Gulls Horned Larks -

1938 Oct.24. The Faculty Section explored the lower Campus. Clear, a light north wind. Warm. The most abundant species was the Ac- clubon Warbler. They were everywhere - Several Ruby-crowned Kinglets were seen and heard, and once I heard, a Golden-crowned Kinglet but could not find it. One Button Vireo was singing on Woolsey Creek. Other birds were: Calif. Wail, Anna Hummer, Fletcher (several), Calif. Jay, Bush Tets, Vagors Wren, Hermit Thrush, Robin, Spotted and Barn Orioles, Juncos, Nuttall S.p., Buset S.d. S.p., G.C. Sparrows, Song Sparrows. Oct.25. Ten ladies joined a Tuesday group which spent the morning at Colonies Park. Weather very warm. No wind. Birds very abundant but certain species were missing, perhaps due to the fact that grassy hillslopes have been cleared. Audubon Warblers were the most abundant species. Ruby-crowned Kinglets were plentiful and we saw the red crown and heard the song several times. A flock of Bush Tets joined in the alarm when a Cooper Hawk rose above them just as we were separating someone spied a flock of large birds soaring against the hill. They turned out to be White Pelicans and numbered about 60. They were soaring for height and as long as we could see them headed north west. A Victoria Winter Wren called many times. He was very near us but in such thick brush we could not see him. Sparrows were scarce and no goldfinches were seen.

1938 Oct.26. Dense fog. Oct.27. Foggy. Crowned Sphasows decreasing. Oct.30. Stopped on way home from Boulder at 11:34 a.m. Crush at Mt. Vird Marsh. Tide was out but since it has been raining all night and was still raining there was considerable water near the highway. One Clapper Rail was outside the fence within six or eight feet of the car. And close views of the other birds listed were easily ob. Tamed. Redbacked Sandpipers were present in numbers and with them were both Least and Western. Dowitchers too were in larger numbers - perhaps 40 alls- together. Black-bellied Plover and Willets were less abundant than hitherto and also Longbilled (3+) and Hudsonian (6) Curlew. Godwits were abundant (40+). I saw no Yellowlegs or Avocets. At Dumbarton Bridge at 1:08 p.m., The sloughs were empty (west end) and mice rails (Clapper) were seen. Also many Sandpipers. On the Salt Pools at the East end about 200 Eared Grebes, 1000 Willets (looping in shallow water) and a great many Redbacked Sandpipers (mixed with Willets). I saw no Avocets or Godwits but light was poor because it was so cloudy. No Pelicans.

Nov. 1. The Tuesday Group went to the East Shore pools where they became familiar with Bonaparte Gulls and Forster Terns. There were about twenty Terns and perhaps 40 of the Gulls. Other gulls seen were Western, Phygrliled and California and one Glacous- muged. A few Puddy Ducks were on the pool and several Fraballon Cormorants - Least Sandpipers at St. Fleming. Two hours between showers. Nov. 2. The Lady Birds went to Bay Farms Inland. On the estuary sloughs near the bridge (Alameda) was a large group of Least and Red-backed Sandpipers. I could detect no Westerns. On the Bay Shore where the highway comes out to the shore there was a large assemblage of birds - most of them asleep on the sand, waiting for the tide to draw out. On the dry sand several (6-8) Duny Clover were running about. Bunched on the edge of the water were pale gray Sanderling (200+), Red-backed Sandpipers (200+) Black-bellied Plover (75+) and a few Least Sandpipers. The Redbacks more more active than the others. Occasionally a group would rise and circle away. Further on there was a solid mass of Willets and Godwits - all with their heads under their wings. When we hushed they popped their heads out but only for a few seconds. A second

1938 shore had no effect. Two Hedsonian Curlew were seen and three or four Buddy Terns, the first I have seen this fall. Eared and Western Grebes were common. No Loons. The only ducks seen were three female White-winged Scoters, four Pintails and about the same number of male Buddy Ducks. When we walked along the edge of the estuary bluff the airport we could see great numbers of shore birds on its opposite side - Godwits, Willets, B.b. Plow and Sandpipers. A perfect day for shore birds. Clear, no wind, light N.W. Not only Sandlilings and Dunlin hop on one leg when they wake up - B.b. Plow, Willets and Godwits do it too. Nov. 3. Varied Thrushes in woods west of house. Nov. 4. Varied Thrushes in woods east of house. Nov. 5. Brilliantly clear with north wind. Proved Mrs. Jumjus's ranch at Alta. Mountains very clear. Could see the mountains at south end of Lake Tahoe from Dixon to W. Wimmer. They were white with snow. At Alta very few birds. Robins were eating seeds of Dogwood. Heard a Woodpecker (Harris?), Chelladees ruby-crowned Kinglet. Jumcos have been abr. Cold at night with frost. Nov. 6. We drove on to Cisco. Between Emigrant Gap and Yuba Bass we came to arrows, Highway

had been cleared but snow on each side. Very wintery. Aspens bare except one clump in protected place at Carpinteria Flat. Cattle yellows to russet. Returned to Alta and started home at 11 a.m. Warmer, less wind. Birds scarce. Flicker Heard Knight above Colfax. Saw Calif Woodpeckers below. Increasingly abundant from Auburn dam. Hears song of Gambel Sparrow at Davis : Nov. 9. Rain at night. Nov. 10. Clear - Walked up Strawberry Canyon and back by the upper Tilles Road, coming out above the top of Panoramic Way. Especially noticeable was the scarcity of songs: only Wren-tit and Thrasher heard. Also sudden decline in Audubon Warblers — very few were seen or heard. On Nov. 5 they were still abundant near the house. One winter aggregation consisted of juncos, Bush tits, Townsend Warblers, Aud. Warblers, Titmouse, Ruby-crowned Kinglets. As soon as we reached the Deodars on the upper hill slope we found Golden-crowned Kinglets. Near the Soil Erosion plant a Hawk flew up from near the ground but disappeared before I could identify it. Birds seen or heard: Red-tailed Hawk, Sparrow Hawk, Anna Hummer Flicker, Black Phoebe, Coast & Cal. Jay, Titmouse, Bush tit, Wren-tit, Virginia Warbler, Thrasher, Hermit Thrush, G.c & R.c Kinglets, Nuttall's Vireo, and Storm W. G. Goldfinch.

1938 Nov. 10 (contin). Spotted & Brown Towhees, St. Luis Junco, Gambel, Purple Jd., and Y.C. Sparrows, Song Sparrow. 26 species. Nov. 11. Clear, cold. First frost of season. In the afternoon we drove to Boulder Creek. Nov. 12. Very cold night with heavy frost in the morning. Bird Pool frozen solid. Wanne in Arushire. Finished planting daffodils. Birds: Sparrow Hawk, Chickadee, Pygmy Wrenwatch, Black Choclee, Hermit Thrush, Junco, Spotted Towhee. On the way home I saw eight or ten flocks of juncoes feeding at the edge of The highway between Boulder Creek and Saratoga. Very cold drive home. Nov. 13. Warmer, clear. Heard Titmouse sing before I got up - "Sweet, sweet, sweet, sweet" Wrentz sang. Also Varied Thrush. Flock of quad in the garden. No Anderson Warblers. Nov. 14. Faculty Bird Section went to the Bay Shore. Tide going out. At Fleming Point: Bonaparte Gulls very abundant, all in winter plumage. Clopper Rails 3 Bluebellied Plovers, a few 6+ Wilets " 8+ { Red-backed Sandpipers very ab., Sanderling " 4 W. and L. Sandpipers ~ a few

Kildeer, Middendorf, Linnies, Wilson's Snipe, English Sparrow, Buget St. White crowned Sparrow. We drove southward along the shore to Ashley Ave. Bon.Gulls, Calif. Gulls, 1 Glaucous-winged, Calif. 1 Ringbills 2 Am.Egrets. Many ducks: most of them too far but for identification. Ruddy Ducks and Bluebills nearby in. Western Grebe seen. At the Pools: Cares and Pied-billed Grebes, Fulvous Concorants (very ab.); Bon.Gulls very ab. Ruddy Ducks, Bluebills and 4 females, 1 male Canvasback 10 Am.Egrets. Clear, cold. Nov.15. The Tuesday Group went to Arinda. Warm, Clear. Birds very abundant: Wsp. Blender-billed Nutcracker, Titmouse, Cal.Jay, R-c.Knight, List: Pestiled (Hawk) (near S.P. Reservoir) Calif. Quail, 1 Say's Phoebe ("), Black Phoebe, Calif. Woodpeckers, Nuttall Woodpecker, Flicker, Calif.T.Coast Jay, Hermit Thrush, Robin, and Warbler, R-C.Knight, Virginia Wren, Titmouse, S.D. Nutcracker, Wrens (2), Bushtit, Linnies, G.t. & Wilson's Snipe, Brown Spotted Towhees, Juncos, Buget St., Gambel, G.C. Sparrow Water birds on the Reservoir has increased very much: Fulvous Concorant, Cared Gull Am. Egret, Blue Heron, Pintails (very ab.) Bluebills, Rangnickers, Ruddy's, Canada Geese (very ab.) Kildeer, Coots (ab.)

1938 Nor.20. Clear, warm. At Mt. View Marsh at 2 p.m., tide just going out: Black-bellied Clover - a fair number - scattered. Long-billed Curlew - 10+ near highway Hudsonian Curlew - 10+ " " Willet - many scattered Yellowlegs (sp?) - one Least Sandpiper - scattered flocks Red-backed Sandpiper - abundant Dowitcher - abundant Wilson Sandpiper - a few Godwit - very abundant - Avocet - 20-40. A few pintail-spred species It was impossible to estimate total, as the birds were scattered over the whole marsh as far as we could see. Numbers refer to those near the highway. I believe 10,000 would not be too large a number for the total of all birds in the marsh. Dumbarton Bridge: West side: Clapper Rails numerous. Sandpipers - no stops made East side: Sand Grebes - five large groups (2,00+). {Willet} One group on {Sandpipers} a long sand bar. Godwits - none Avocets - one large group - 50+ White Pelicans - 2 American Egrets - 20+ No ducks -

Nov. 21. Beautiful weather. I heard a House Wren in the John Hetchinson place. Ruby-crowned Kinglet and Titmouse singing. "Allen Hammer" Nov. 22. East wind in Canyon. Tuesday groups went to Alameda and Saumates Bridge. No wind - Very pleasant, clear day. First Stop, Alameda side of Estuary - W & rared Gullies Bon Gulls, Red-backed and Least Sandpipers, White-crowned Sparrows (Bugs) Second Stop. Bay Farm Island - Shore of Estuary. Clapper Rails - perhaps 15 at high tide. Coots - St. Blue) from Trees (Western, Eared, Pied bill) Bonaparte Gulls - Bluebills, Ruddy, Canvas, Pipits, Bryant Sparrows. 1 Vigo's Bream (in a pile of rubbish on the shore) Marsh Hawk, Fugacious Roughly (soaring high, long broad wings with white window on upper surface), Sparrow Hawk. Meadow Lark, Brewer Blackbird, One diving duck with a fish in its bill looked like a merganser. A broad headed bird crouched on the edges seemed like a Short- Lared Owl. Third Stop. Alameda Oakland Airport - Bayshore Sanderling, Red-backed Sandpipers. Fourth Stop. Airport, Shore of Estuary: Female Wry-Scotias. (over)

1938 Fifth Stop: San Mateo Bridge, east end. The gate at the north was open as we drove off the Causeway. In the Salt pools: Avocets (60+); Willets 50+; Godwits (10+) bunched; Yellow-legs (Lesser) 2, Least and Red-backed Sandpipers 30; B-b-Flower a few. Bon. Tullis - 20+ When the tide began to pull out birds flew across to the Bay Shore, coming in from all directions. Even Avocets came to the shore. A number of Forster's Terns appeared - One American Golden-eye flew over. As we drove away the ladies in the other car saw three birds which from their description must have been Long-tulled Curlews. About 34 species. Nov. 23 - Nov. 27 - Clear with occasional north- east winds. Nov. 25 at Mountain View Marsh, Tide coming in. Birds abundant, esp. Dovetiters, Red-backed Sandpipers and Godwits. One White Pelican, one Lesser Yellowlegs seen. Only two Long-tulled Curlews seen. Twenty minute survey. At Dun- barlin Bridge Eared Grebes were very abundant. No Avocets seen at either place. Nov. 28. Cloudy, some rain at night. [illegible] Fox-Dr. Nov. 29. Cloudy. No rain. Tuesday Group went to Lake Merritt, first to the Euber- Cadero where Canvasbacks, Ruddies, Bluewils were abundant; many Pintails and Baldpates.

One young male (?) Goldeneye and one Redhead was seen. The Redhead was in the crowd of ducks that came for food. At the fresh-water feeding place Buffleheads were most ab., thin Baldpates. One European Widgeon was present - unbande- No Shovelers except one small hybrid with a definite spoon-bill. A number of Wallards. Bonaparte Gulls ab., also Ring- bills and a few Glaucous-wings. One Willow Greebe was noticed and several rare Grebes - Many Farallone Cormorants and on the Island several Night Herons - As we drove home Lois spied a bird in a small garden on Chabot Rd. at the end of Broadway. It was a Virginia Rail which kept close to the foundations of the house. When it came to the front steps it climbed up over the bricks onto the steps and went across to the other side. We found it behind some manipolds against the foundation but it came out into plain sight several times before it disappeared behind a trellis in the back garden. Nov.30. Cloudy with heavy rain after lunch. About 11a.m. I watched an aggregation of birds near the pool: 3 Spotted Towhees (2.5 miles), a flock of a Townsend Warbler, juncos, 2 R.C. Titmice (one showing crown) & a Willow Woodpecker (in Los Bayel), 3 Fox Sparrows and a Song Sparrow. A note of the Varied Thrush attracts me to the window (low, single chuckle)

1938 Pair of Wrentits singing near house - Dec. 3. Rain and heavy fog - Great Horned Owls calling at night Dec. 4 Clear - Wrentits Singing Dec. 6. Heavy lake fog - " Dec. 7. Saw several Varied Thrushes in the pines above Mosswood Rd. Lois saw two Great Horned Owls on the electric poles on Mosswood Road. Dec. 8. A W. Gnatcatcher was calling east of the house. As they usually come into the small Black Oaks just over our line I watched these trees and sure enough the Gnatcatcher came into one, stayed a moment then flew out toward the west. Warm. Dec. 10, 11. Boulder Creek - Birds very abundant: Dwail, Kingfisher, Black Phoebe, Chickadees, B.c. aus G.c. Kinglets & Nuttall Vires, Robins, Varied Thrushes, Hermit Thrushes, Cedar Waxwings, Juncos, Fox Sparrows. Spotted Towhee, Brown Towhee. Madrone Berries abundant. Very cold at night (28°?). Clear. Dec. 11. At Mountain View Marsh at 3:30 pm. Tide very high. Saw 2 Clapper Rails outside fence. 2 Spondyls in distance. Many Gulls. (Only Two more on fence above water) At Dumbarton Bridge - in westerly Salt pool Eared Grebes (300+), Bonaparte's Gulls (100+): Both feeding on sur- face of water and one flock a massed group of both species together. In the next pool there were thousands of Shore birds - Sandpipers, R.L. Plover,

Willits and Godwits. As I did not have my bi- oculars I could not study them in detail. Two A.m. Egrets west of the bridge. 1 Ruddy Duck on the bay. Cold, clear. Dec. 12-17 Cold east wind. Dec. 16. Warmer. No wind. About 4:30 p.m. I visited the bay, shore ponds to see an old Squaw Duck reported by Mr. Kelly. It was with a group of Ruddy and Blue- Bills but kept its head under its wing all the time. I could see the white body feathers, The dark spot on the side of the head, and the dark grey wings. Dec. 17. We drove to Boulder Creek, stopping at Dumbarton Bridge where we saw great numbers of shore birds and rare Gulls in the salt pools (tide high 6 ft.) Bonaparte Gulls were present but less abundant. All Wise Sandpipers, Willets, Godwits, B.B. Plover were present in large numbers. At Mountain View Marsh we had to wait for the tide to withdraw. All four wires on the fence were above water and the salicornia patches too but no mud visible yet. Birds were col- lected mainly on a higher patch of salicornia at come distance from the highway. The first ones to come near were Least Sandpipers that found a footing on the salicornia and found food even before the mud was exposed. Then single Willets began to appear; then a flock of Dowitchers; then Godwits and both kinds of Curlews. A flock

1938 of Arosets came into the open water and a number of Pintails and a few Shovelers were present. Just as soon as the water was shallow enough so the birds could get a footing each part of the marsh was oc- cupied. A few Lesser Yellowlegs were seen. Bb. Plower were less abundant than heretofore. Since the tide was right both Curlews were seen to advantage - Hudsonian more numerous near the highway. All three Sandpipers were seen. Western seemed to prefer, more than the Least, the Least keeping to the edge of the water right next to the highway. Two Black Turnstones were seen - the first time I have seen any in the marsh, I think. Returned to Berkeley after a few hours at Temple Verde (warm, cloudy) Dec. 18: Light rain alternating with East wind. Dec. 19, 20: Rain. Dec. 21: Drove down to Boulder Creek and back. At 3 p.m. we stopped at Mc-Viend Marsh, four and a half hours after high tide at Ft. Point (5.8ft.) Much mud exposed but tide not too far out for good results. Immense numbers of Sand- pipers, all three kinds. Much mass movement, fllying, wheeling, turning, alighting, feeding. Dowitchers - flock of 16 near fence; Black- belly Closer many sniggle birds. Willets many, Long-billed Curlews - Hudsonian Curlew - not so many near the highway but abundant

farther out . Flocks in flight - 20-30 - Godwits - scattered, or mud - alb. Yellowlegs, 2 seen, one certainly smaller than Willet. Avocets 100+ . Pintails a few, one Ruddy. A very spectacular sight - so many birds everywhere and so many flocks rising, wheeling, settling - Sometimes they looked like great waves on the beach, when the surf is high. Cloudy - Some wind - Drumbaroton Bridge. The usual Eared Grebes. No shorebirds except on mud flats at west end where there were some plowen and sandpipers - several Cl. Rails. No Stop. Dec. 25. We put out a wreath made for the birds. But it were apples, nuts, bread, and meat. Within half an hour the Song Sparrow and Fox Sparrow were eating the meat. Beautiful weather. Dec. 26. Warm, clear. The Titmouse was singing several phrases and a Varied Thrush sang in full tone.

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1939. Jan. 2. As weather seemed propitious we started to Boulder Creek but changed our plan and drove to Carmel and on to the Big Sur. From Gilroy on it was cloudy and at the Big Sur it was raining gently. We spent the night at the 17 Mile Drive Cottage Court. Along the shore from Carmel south gulls were very numerous but no other birds were seen as we drove along. I was not sure I could see the others but I saw what may have been others, swimming just below the surface, close together at the place where they have been seen this past year. Jan. 3. It rained a little during the night but not after we were ready to start on to Boulder Creek. There were pygmy nuthatches calling in the tops of the pine trees at the campground. At Moss Landing I saw no shore- birds. But there was one male Red- bristled Merganser in full plumage, just above the highway bridge. It was very striking with its black head with its double crest, red beak, white neck, red breast, white underparts, and red feet. When I came too near it rose and circled then flew across the bridge just in front of me, showing the basal half of the wings white. Very graceful diver.

1939. Jan. 3 (Contd). At Santa Cruz, West Cliff Drive, the waves were dashing over the tops of the clifps as there were no gulls or cormorants, or pelicans on the usual rocks or cliffs. In one very deep cave I saw about a dozzen Sanderling following the waves as they receded. There was very little sand uncovered as the tide was very high. I was looking for Heermann Gulls but found none. The only gulls seen were in one group on the water outside the breakers - We stopped at the cottage for lunch and I rested there in the automobile until 2:45 when the sun disappeared over the mountain. Clouds of Pine Siskins flit from the alders. Varied Thrushes, Robins and Hermit Thrushes abundant - Returned to Berkeley. Jan. 4. Wrentits sing every morning outside my window. Rain at night. Jan. 5. Raining. Thrasher being a few phrases Jan. 6. Clear. Jan. 7. Clear. Titmice singing. Thrasher. Wrentit. We drove to Boulder Creek and back. Clear until 3 p.m. Then increasing Cloudiness. Kingfisher, Chickadees, Juncoes, Br. Towhees, Robins, Varied Thrushes. On the way home from 4:20-4:40 at

Mt. View Marsh. Tide just draining out as birds were very near the highway and just as abundant as in November and December. Friggile Sutes. 3 Dowitchers - many outside the fence Red-backed Sandpipers) Least " Western. " all abundant. James blew the horn occasionally and each time a flock of a hundred flew out from the edge of the water just under the highway. Curlews. I saw more Long-tailed than (Hudsonian. Perhaps 20 to 3. Godwits were scattered on the edge of deep water as far as > could see. Willets - not outnumbering other species as earlier in the winter. Black-bellied Plover - single birds at intervals - many calls heard. Lesser Yellowlegs - three seen near road. Avocets - no large flocks but single birds in many places. Killdeer - many - very noisy. Ducks: Britails, Canvasbacks, a few Clapper Rail - one about six ft. from the car. Dumbarton Bridge: West End - Rails, Willets, Clover Sandpipers East End - Tars Grebes - 4 large groups, 300+ Shovelers 50-75. Shore birds resting in salt pool. Too dark to identify. Short-eared Owl on fence. Pipits

1939 Jan. 6-12 Continuous mild clear weather, occasional east wind at night. Birds patronize the feeding table almost constantly. Song Sparrows sing frequently and the Thrasher in the early morning. Titmouse is often heard giving its "sweet-eat" call. Jan. 14. Lois and I drove to Palo Alto. On the way we saw the usual Sparrow Hawks, Blackbirds, Redwing (ow), Gulls in plowed fields, one Turkey Buzzard and a little later a group of 9 Buzzards on the ground (near the Salt Works). At the bridge we found many shore birds in the first pool: Bkr. Plover, Willets, Yellowlegs; East, Western and Red. Sandpipers, Dowitchers, Godwits. As we approached the bridge proper the usual flocks of Cared Grubbs. On the south tside of the road there were a number of Avocets swimming about like Phalaropes and picking insects (?) off the surface of the water. A bunch of nice Golden Eyes were near the Avocets but I saw no diving. On the return trip we saw many Shovelers and Bluebills. At the east end in the first pool to the north an unmistakable Redtail was perched on a sign. When I blew the horn he circled about and alighted on the other side of the road. One Aras Egret was seen.

Jan. 15. Heavy tule fog filled the whole valley as far as Saratoga, and from there over the mountains clouds were thick. We stayed for lunch at the cottage, and returned in the afternoon. I saw Varied Thrushes and heard a large flock of mistle thrushes on the places; skunkwise birds were just - berries gone. On the way home we took the Sweet road. On each side of Dublin I saw huge flocks of crowned sparrows by the roadside. Jan. 16. Clear and warm again. Jan 17. Song Sparrows are singing again. Many juncos come for food and robins are nu- murous; sometimes come to battle. Jan. 19. I walked down to Telegraph Ave and Mrs. Kelly I noticed song sparrows in full song reported at in several places. In each case two two birds were within hearing of each other, each apparently holding his own territory. Jan. 20 Colder, Cloudy Jan. 21 East wind but clouds clearing away - We drove to Boulder Creek for the day only. It grew warmer and clearer and by 2 p.m. The Sun was shining brightly and it was warm. It strikes inside the Rose Wells now. Birds on the place were abundant as we drove in; robins, Varied Thrushes, Hermit Thrushes, Chickadees, juncos, Hutton Vireos. We found leaf buds on the dogwoods we brought down from Alta. Nov. 6. On the way home

1939 We stopped at Wet View Marsh as the tide was just right for best observations. Birds were scattered all over the mud as far as we could see and the light was excellent. There were many more Western Sandpipers than at any previous time this winter far outnumbering the Least. I could find no Redbacks. Possibly they were out where the water was deeper. Dowitchers were abundant, more abundant and more scattered than heretofore. Both Long-billed and Hudsonian were present - I could find only a few Hudsonian (3 or 4) but 18-12 Long-bills near the roadway - Godwits were abundant! also Willets and Bb. Clover. A group of 4 Yellowlegs flew in together in a tumble and alighted near a willet. They all looked smaller than the willet. After a few minutes of feeding they all flew away together. Later I saw two other Yellowlegs, both of which looked larger than Willets near by. The threw their heads back more frequently than the smaller ones, I think. There were many scattered Anocets all over the marsh as far as I could see. Ducks were more abundant than previously. Spoon- bills were numerous; many of the females showed bills almost as orange as feet. Canvasbacks (20-30), Buteails (5+); Reddies 8.

At Dumbarton Bridge Eared Grebes as usual; 1 American Egret; Spoonbills, Golden Eyes afar; I think I saw Red-b. Sandpipers. No stop. Sunday Jan.22, Berkeley. I was awakened by the song of a thrasher. Then the Hermit Thrush began its chikets, chucking and thin & Song Sparrow began to sing. In the afternoon J. and I walked up through Hamilton Campus (Sunny Gulch) to the top of the hill. On the usual side ravine I found a Western Quailcatcher, Twice I heard the explosive whistle of an Anna Hummingbird. There were two flocks of Crowned Sparrows, and a thrasher was perched in the top of a dying Cypress tree on the boundary of the Mann Place, singing loudly. Warme sunshine. Jan.23. I had to get up before the birds began to sing or call. Heard Vireos (a pair) singing after breakfast. Jan.24. Continued beautiful weather. Jan.25. Clear, warm, no wind. Lady Birds drove via Dumbarton Bridge & PaloAlto and Seaworld Lake; then via Skyline Blvd. to S.F. and Berkeley. About 70 species were seen (or heard). Western (S.F. Bay), Eared (Salt Pools), Pied-billed Grebe, Farallone Cormorant (Lake), St. Blue Heron, Bittern and 8 Whistling Swan (2 as, 6 ypt.) - all at Seaworld Lake. Canada Geese (San Andreas Lake); Mallard (S. Lake); Shovelers ab. on salt pool at D. mm.

1939 Pintails (Salt pools at Dunn, S.L. and San Andreas abr) 1 Redhead (at Seaville, seen at distance); Bluebills ab. Buntings? Duelo 11 (10t); Am. Golden-eye (Salt pools); Buffle Head (1 at San Andreas); Ruddies ab; American Mergansers 10, on Sears Lake - one ab. male; Sh. Sh. Hawk, Copper Hawk, Redtail, Marsh Hawk, Sfp. Hawk; Quail (head) Clapper Rail (Dunn); Bb. Plover, Snowy Plover 6 (Dunn) Kildur, Wilson Gige - one at Seaville Lake. Lqb. Curlew, one at Dunn. West end; Willets ab. at Dunn; Yellowlegs 3; Least, Rbbr., W. Sandpipers abr.; Godwits 76t Avocets 100+ (Dunn); Mourning Dove (heard at Seaville; Kingfisher, Calif. Woodpecker, Flicker Black Phoebe, Col. Jay, Titmouse (singing in all suitable localities); Slander - Bells Nuttatch (one near Portola); Wren-Tit, Tree Man, Thresher, Hermit Thrush, Robin, W. Bluebirds, P.C. Nightlets (in Spanish Moss hanging from Buck-eye Tree); Pipito. Warblers (in Palo Alto); Nuthatch Vires (heard at Seaville) Anderson Warbler, Meadowlarks (singing); Euph. Sp. - (not abundant - seen only near old ranches); Linnets (in flocks); Spotted Towhee, Brown Towhee, Savannah, Sparrows (hits at Seaville Lake - albino heard); Fox Sp.; Juncos, White cs Sp. (initial subsp.), 4-6 Sp. Song Sparrow, 70 species. Jan. 26 Cooler. Heart a Nuthatch Vires Jan. 27 Rain Jan. 28 Clearing. Chilly. Boulder Creek. Warm sunshine Jan 29 Rain. Jan. 30 Clear. Jan. 31 Rain. Feb. 1. Clear with cold N.W. wind, Frost early a.m. Feb. 2. Rain. Juncos singing Feb. 3. Rain. Juncos and Thrasher Singing.

Feb.4. Cleared suddenly so we drove to Boulder Creek and back via Dumbarton Bridge. Mt. Diablo and the whole Mt. Hamilton range were white with snow and we found there had been snow at Boulder Creek during the week. Also there had been so much snow on the Saratoga Road that the road has been closed. Only a little was to be seen today and none on the roadway. Between Mt. Eden and Alameda there was a great deal of water a few Ruddy ducks, one in red plumage, and many gulls, Spoonbills, a few coots, a few pintails, many dowitchers and red-backed Sandpipers, many fiddler and some Black- bellied Plovers were seen there. At Dumbarton Bridge Spoonbills were still very abundant and two Ann. Golden Eyes - adult males in full plumage - and 50+ avocets were in the first salt pool to the north. Two red-tailed hawks were there - one on the same sign post and the other on the telegraph pole near the quarry. On the east pool the Sand Crakes were less numerous, perhaps 100 altogether. They were in small groups together with Spoonbills, feeding from the surface. Blue bills and Ruddy ducks were seen on the bay. On the way back we stopped at Mt. View Marsh at three p.m. when the tide was just going out. Birds were as abundant as any time this winter. Long-tailed Curlew were much more abun- dant than Hudsonian; Western Sandpipers very abundant. Donnellers and Dunlin ab. 1 Yellow-

1939 legs (Greater I think). Bb. Clover. Willets, Godwits and Avocets abundant too. I could not make sure of any Least Sandpipers. On the bay several Western Grebes were seen and one Pied-billed in a slough. One Owl Egret near Alvarado. The usual birds along the way- Brewer Blackbirds, Redwing, Shrikes, Sparrow Hawks, Pipits, Linnets, White crowned Sparrows. Feb. 5. Rain - cold. Feb. 6. Rain. When I came home at 8:30 p.m. I heard the tremolo of a Screech Owl. I turned the flash light on the flicker box and found Shin perched on the top of it. No eye-shine. Feb. 7. Rain. Three fox sparrows on the branch that holds the food containers. One was inside the coconut shell eating Canary seed while the other two were perched near, waiting. When number one flew away, no. 2, went into the coconut. No. 3 ate apple. They go clean inside the shell usually with head toward the opening. Juncos and Song Sparrows go inside also. Feb. 8. The clouds had disappeared from the north as The Lady Birds decided to go to Contra Costa County. Tualapais was covered in snow for about a thousand feet and all the mountains to the north were white. We found Diablo very white and it looked as if it were still

morning on the summit. It was very cold all day- We went first to St. Mary's College Lake where we found a few Pintails, some Ring-necked Ducks, Ruddies, Bluebill (a few), two female Mergansers (sp?). I was surprised to see two or three swallows skimming over the lake, apparently tree swallows. Below the dam on the roof of some Reduction plant building construction with sprinklers on the top there were many Audubon Warblers and, one Say Phoebe. They all alighted on the coarse rock which covered the roof, apparently finding food there. Other birds seen were: W. Bluebirds, Robin, Sparrow (warbler), Redtail, Gambel and Golden-crowned Sparrows, Hermit Thrush, Song Sparrow. In spite of the cold the Y.C.Sparrow and Song Sparrow were singing. We went on to Mr. Naterlands Bee Ranch beyond Bananap on Tyler Creek. There we saw many Calif. jays, one woodpecker (sp?), one Flicker, robins, Titmouse (spring calls), Spotted Towhee, Purple Finch (eating maple seeds). Bluebird and Golden-crowned Sparrows. On the way up to the house we found a Townsend Solitaire which has a brown berry in its beak. Later it flew down into the roadway, then up into a small bush as we had an excellent opportunity to watch it. Mrs. N. asked us to eat our lunch in the house. After lunch the Soli- taire was seen again. We went then to San Pablo Reservoir where we saw hundreds of Canada Geese, many Ring-necked Ducks, Ruddies, only four Pintails;

1939 one Shoveller. One Pied billed Grebe, Two Cared Grebes, two Farallone Cormorants, one Shrike, one Marsh Hawk. We returned to Berkeley and spent a few minutes at the Aquatic Park. Bonaparte Gulls and Sandlirling were very abundant, a few Red backed Sanderlings; many Ruddy and Blue Bills (about 150 each), Canvas backs (30+); Golden Eyes (2 adult males; 15-49 males or females). A little way north of University Ave. garbage was being dumped for a fill and hundreds of gulls were assembled in excellent light for observation. Of those in mature plumage we studied the Western, Glaucous, Mergid and Herring Gulls; the California, Puig Bills and Short billed. The whitish iris of the Herring was the best identification mark for that species. A few Short bills were on the island at the Aquatic Park also and at the River outlet in the bay proper near the end of Ashley Ave. Here they were dropping to the surface of the water as they so often do. Feb. 13. Still cold but clear. The Faculty Section Came to the house to watch Jays, Spotted Towhees, Juncos, Fox Sparrows and Song Sparrows. Later we went to Hamilton Gulch where two Thrushers were singing, one below the road and the other in the draw at the last switch-backs. A male Anna Hummingbird was perched in a wire but no Allen could be found. The grackle was not in his usual niche but I heard him

below the road where he could not be seen. Other birds seen were Flicker, Coast Jay (heard only), Quail, Cooper Hawk, Titmouse (singing at Mann house), Wrentit, Bunktit (a pair in the Monterey junces at mouth of Strawberry Canyon), Robins, Hermit Thrushes, Brown and Spotted Towhees, Crowsed Sparrows (cp.?). Cold north breeze. Feb. 14. Lois and I went into Hamilton Gulch - No Allen Hummingbird or Quailcatcher. Much warmer. More birds singing. Feb. 15. Heard Quailcatcher again. No Allen Hummer Feb. 16. Cold east wind. Sine warmer. Feb. 17. Wind turned warm. Spring day. At 10:30 p.m. Treasure Island light - Sparklingly Clear. Feb. 18. Exposition opened. Holiday. James and I drove To Boulder Creek and back. We crossed from Foothill Blvd. to the lower Blvd via Valle Vista and Elvande. In the pools there we found about a dozen Green-winged Teal - more than I have ever seen together - Also Britails, Shovelers, Bluebills, Puddies and a Yellow Legs (Greater?). At Boulder Creek Kingfishers were calling excitedly and continuously - At Mountain View Marsh on the way home we were too late for the best tide so most of the birds were too far away. But there were near the highway perhaps 100 Shovelers, 150+ Bob Plover, 180+ Willets, 38+ Long billed Curlew; I couldn't make out any Hudsonian Curlews. Only a few Dornithes and Red-backed Sandpipers, some Least and quails, a sprinkling of Western but much more

1939 Scattered than when the tide is right. There were no wheeling flocks - About half a dozen Godwits and the same number of Avocets were seen. Killdeer were abundant and Calling excitedly as if mating were near. Weather warm, esp. at Boulder Creek, where the air was clear. Oceais and Almonds in bloom; mustard and in one orchard a complete carpet of lavender pink alfalace. In Santa Clara I heard a mocking bird singing. In the S. Cruz. Mt., I saw a Turtley Buzzard. Feb. 20. Still warm. Light frost early a.m. The Weber Group went to Contra Costa Co! first to Saint Mary's College reservoir, where we saw Buffle Ducks and a few a Restable pair of Spangled Hawks Ring-necked Ducks, a Killdeer, two Black Phoebes, Titmouse, Hermit Thrush, many Western Bluebirds, a Ruby-crowned Kinglet (singing), a Befit, many Audubon Warblers, Bronze Spotted Towhees, White-crowned and Golden-crowned Sparrows, Song Sparrow (singing) Liwicets were heard. Also a Nuttall Sparrow gave a full song - which surprised me. The Bluebirds and many Aud. Warblers were on the roof of the reduction plant where they evidently found food. On the road across to Lafayette we saw two large flocks of Cedar Waxwings. There were many Meadows Larks singing, and

we saw a number of Espanor Harls. At the Bee Ranch we could not find the Townsend Solitaire (see Feb. 8) but we saw Nutall Woodpeckers, Slender-billed Nuthatch and the Flicker - also a Shrike. The Tree Swallows were not at the Lake nor the Say Phoebe. Other birds seen: Caly Jay, Brewer Blackbirds, Robins, White-crowned Sparrows. Feb. 23. The Lady Birds went to the Alvarado Ponds, where there were 50 Green-winged Teal on the open water and many more among the marsh grasses. Other birds seen: there were Shovelers, mallards, Pintails, Ruddies, Bluebills a few; a Yellowlegs (Greater). From there we went to Niles Nursery where we saw several Mocningbirds. One cpair seemed to be nest building: the female disappeared in some large shrubs; the male waited near by until she came out then followed her as she flew away. After lunch we saw them again in the same place. We went on to the Leslie Salt Works where we saw a dozen or more Avocets, an Am. Egret, a Black-crowned Night Heron, Red backed Sandpipers, Western Sdy. and Dowitchers, one Long-billed Curlew, many Shovelers, a few Ruddies and Bluebills and Pintails and one pair of Canvasbacks, an Am. Golden Eye. In a distant pond there were

1939 hundreds of waders resting (high tide); the majority were gray - Willets (eg. Bld. Shoveler?) They were too far away for close identification. In the ponds next the highway above Alvarado there were great flocks of coots, many Shovelers, some Dovetitlers and Black-bellied Plover and about 8 Snipe. The snipe could be seen as they fled but after they alighted it was almost impossible to see them. Kildeer very ab. More Shovelers at Banning Out Light impossible. A warm day at Berkeley all day but cold and foggy (light) south of Haywardo. On the way home we stopped at Mrs. Keenan's, upper end of Hillcrest Rd., to see a Red-breasted Tapsucker which spends most of its time on an acacia tree just outside her kitchen window. It only siddled around the tree when we went so close (5ft.). Hundreds of old holes and many fresh ones with sap running out. Mrs. K. said a marbler came often for the sap. Feb. 24. Weather still beautiful. Thrasher, Song Sparrow, Spotted Towhee, Fox Sparrow, James's Wight and Titmouse, all singing. Feb. 25. In the afternoon I saw a female Allen Hummingbird feeding at the Cestrum Blossoms at the bottom of the Chimney.

Feb.26. Brilliantly clear and cold with some N.W. wind. We drove to Boulder Creek via Skyline Blvd. from San Francisco. Almost no birds were seen because of the wind. On the return trip we crossed from Alvarado to Dresto passing the same pool we visited on Feb. 23. I counted a hundred Green-winged Teal. With this dry weather the pools are drying up rapidly. Mar.1. Still clear and chilly with N.W. wind. In the afternoon I saw a Western Winter Wren in the upper garden. It dodged the water when I was boring but afterward came into good view. Mar.2. Cold with breeze from north. As I walked down Morwood I heard the notes of Crossbills. They were in the pines above the road and after a moment a flock of twenty-five or thirty rose, calling loudly and circled about then alighted in the big pines at the mouth of the canyon. Mar.4- Green-winged Teal just as numerous at the pond near Alvarado although the pond is smaller. Mar.6. A little rain at last. Nothing but cold north winds since Feb. 26. A Thrasher comes to the table and ate Chick-feed,

1939 M.2.j. and I took a walk in the rain up the hill via Hamilton Gulch. Not many one Rufous-crowned Sparrows. birds; later at the end of Mosswood two Thrushes were singing, one above the road, the other below. The one above came down to the tree next to where the other one was singing. Their songs became whisper songs. There was no conflict. Possibly a pair as Mr. Dyer said the female sings. In the afternoon we drove down to the Aquatic Park and around the pool. Saw 1 Pied-billed Grebe, 4 Eared Grebes, 1 Blue Heron, 3 Anhingas; Ducks: Golden eyes 20+ but now in full plumage: Ruddies (winter plumage). Bluebills, Coots, a flock of about 50 small waders flew out from behind the island - Sandpipers 3 Thrush. At Fleming Point the tide was going out. Sandpiper and Sandpipers were both numerous - Sandpipers mostly Red- Cocks. Willets were the only larger waders, perhaps 60. There were many Bonaparte Gulls, all in winter plumage - perhaps 100. One Clapper Rail was seen. Killdeer were flying over giving their alarm calls. Ducks in the distance were Bluebills As far as I could see - Mar. 7, 8, 9. Heavy rain - 10. Cloudy- Thrushes sing at dawn each morning: Titmouse, Kinglets and Song Sparrows often

Mar.11. Cloudy - No rain - Drove & Boulder Creek and back. Near Wt. Eden much land under water but no birds. Although the thermometer went down to 28° last night at Boulder it was very warm in middle of the day- no wind - air very balmy. I heard a Creeper sing and a Western Winter Wren was calling near the river. At Charlie's Nursery where we stopped near San Jose there was a large flock of Target Sound Whitecrows singing. Also a flock of warbling's. Near San Lorenzo (south) a mother flew across the highway. On the way home we crossed to foothill back of Alvarado to see if Brown-winged Teal were still in the pond but found nothing in that pond. Shovelers were in the pool south of the road, a Yellowlegs (st.) in the meadow and Killdeer calling. Before leaving Berkeley (8a.m.) I heard the song of a Lutescent Warbler. Mar./12. Thrasher singing at dawn. Later a real chorus of song- Titmouse, Song Sparrow, Kinglet, Thrasher. Also Snail calling. March 13. Faculty Section met to Colomnices Park. Just clearing after rain all night. Not cold. Many birds singing. Trees not injured by the fire which burned the wooden cover (roof) of the reservoir. I kept a census of the numbers of birds seen

1939. Redtail Hawk (; or heard. T. [illegible]; Allen Hummingbird female seen, other Hummers heard; Flyer heard; Black- Phoebe, one below the rose garden; California jays, 8; Coast jay 1; Bush Tits, 4 flocks, 2 pairs; Wrentits 8; Vireo Wrens 2 (singing); Hermit Thrush 7; Robin 3; Ruby-crowned Kinglets 7 (five singing); Cedar Waxwing 3 40 in two flocks but all going in same direction; Lutentent Warblers 2 singing; Audubon Warbler 6+; English Sparrows a few; Purple Finch 3 singing in distance; House Finch 3+; Green-backed Goldfinch 1+; Spotted Towhees 7+; Brown Towhees 9; Fox Sparrow 2; Juncoes 6 plus a flock; Gambel Sp. ab.; Pygmy Nuthatches a few - both birds singing; Golden-crowned Sp. ab. singing; Song Sparrows 3+ Mar.15. Suddenly much warmer. Worked in the garden in the morning. Ruby-crowned Kinglets singing most of the time. Purple Finches also Mar.16. An east wind - very drying. Still warm March 17. Almost constant chirping of Lutes. Cret Warblers (females) 8:30-10:35. Then Continuous singing of a male. Heard a Shalcatcatcher for big oak west of house. Chorus of song from Ruby-crowned Kinglets, Song Sparrows, Fox Sparrows, Spotted Towhees, Thrasher, Titmouse, Purple Finches. Even a Brown Towhee was trilling. Fog at night: the first night since Feb. 17 that Treasure Island was hidden by fog or clouds.

March 18. We went to Boulder Creek and spent the night. Weather warm, growing cloudy in afternoon. After lunch Miss Stadding and I went to Santa Cruz and looked for birds on the West Cliff Drive. Warm night. March 19. Boulder Creek. Warm and cloudy. Spring house cleaning. On the way home we stopped at Mt. View Marsh where I found birds very much decreased in numbers - not more than a tenth as many as on Feb. 4 and a quarter as many as on Feb. 18. The list for the two days follows: W. Grebes 20 at S.Cruz; Eared Grebes 50 at Drumbar Cormorants at . . . ; Am. Egrets 2 " Shovelers 6 jrs. at Alvarado ponds; very few at Mt. View. Paintails 4 at Mt. View; Surf Scoters 4 at S.Cruz; Lesser Scaup 20 at Santa Cruz. Merlins (Feb.?)- in the surf with a Surf Scoter at S.Cruz - both in brown plumage. Turkey Vultures 1 in S.Cruz.Wts., 5 at Alvarado. Hawks (sp.?)(see below); Duel in Wts.; Cheasant below Alvarado; Clapper Rails 2 Mt. View; B.B. Clover, fairly abundant - 6 in full plumage. Killdeer - a pair withdrew very quietly when I got out of the car on a bluff at S.Cruz. Black Turnstones - 6 at Santa Cruz with Sanderling Longbilled Curlew - 15 at Mt. View. Hudsonian Curlew - 2 " Willets 50+ . . . , Some at Drum. Lesser Yellowlegs 2 "

1939 Least Sandpiper - 100+ at Mt. View. Also at Drum. Ridgetails - a few Dunlins 40+ Western Sandpipers very few. Marbled Godwits 2 at Mt. View Sandpipings 50+ at Santa Cruz. Woolly Gulls at S. Cruz. Calef? and Ring? ?) at Alvarado Barn Swallows 28 flew over when we were at lunch on Mar.18; 16 at same hour on Mar. 19- Burn Owl heard at night at Boulder, Kingfisher heard at dusk. Flicker heard at Boulder. Black Phoebe .. . . . . S.Cruz. W. Flycatcher - one called as we drove across first bridge north of Boulder Creek Coot jay calling at Boulder. Tritonous at Palo Alto. Chickadees in flocks at Boulder Beech-Tits Creepers - singing near cottage Ungar's Wren W. Wren " Sanguine " Horned Thrush - one R-c Knight Calling " " (no song) Y-c Knight Ojibit - at Mt. View - Tarry. Warblers ab. in Santa Clara Valley. Shrike 2 on wire Brown Blackbirds, Meadowlarks (singing) Linnets (in flocks), Gr. Goldfinches(flocks). Calif. Purple Finch singing at Boulder Creek.

Spotted & Brown Turtles, juncoes. Song Sparrow (singing) near cottage. Puget Sound White Crown St. Clair Valley Total 58 species. The hawk was perched in an oak tree near the highway opposite the cut where rock was taken out last year on the ocean side of the mountain. I was driving and noticed it. I drew off the road and both Miss Bladding and I looked at it through 8x binoculars. The breast was toward us and the whole throat and chest was very light, but the lower parts very dark. When it flew the back wings and tail looked a dark red brown. When it perched again with its back toward us the hind neck and back looked darker red brown than the folded wings. From its first perch it flew across the road & the cuts where it disappeared for a moment behind the cliff. When it came out it flew down the road and perched in a tree next the road where it comes out on a shoulder faces, at first in full view - then inside the tree. A Turkey Buzzard that flew over the tree was quite a bit larger than the hawk. The flight of the hawk was buoyant - with steady flapping of the long wings. The shape seemed more slender than a Redtail. Miss G. said the feet looked yellow.

1939 Carmel March 20, between showers - in Strawberry Canyon. The Chat Club spent the morning 9:30-11:30 a.m. walking from the Stadium Runway via Canyon Rd. to the fork in the roads below the Botanical Gardens, re- turning by the U.C. Dairy. Birds seen or heard: Hawk (Sparrow?), Calif. Quail, Flicker, Black- Chesbe, Coast Jayab., Calif. Jayab., Titmouse, Bush-tito (pro), Wren-at singing, Vireo Wen singing, Hermit Thrush (only one), Robin, Varied Thrush heard, B-c Knight ab. singing, Lutescent Warbler (8 singing at different places), Calif. Purple Finch, ab. singing, Luniel (heard), Spotted Towhee, Brown Towhee, Fox Sparrow juncos (singing), T-c Sparrow singing, Song Sparrow singing 24 Species. One Spotted Towhee on the hillside above the dairy was singing an unrecognizable song - Chee, Chee, Chee, Chee. There was no suggestion of Towhee quality. I think it was very similar to the song I heard at Boulder Creek several years ago. March 21-23 - Almost continuously Cloudy but very little rain. March 24-25. The Lady Birds went to Carmel where we spent the night with Dorothy Clarks and Dorothy Sheldon. Cloudy most of the Time with some rain. On the way down sunshine at Hecker Pass (one stop), and Moss Landing where we dined. Birds at Moss Landing were very abundant and interesting and the light excellent.

Camel etc Mar. 24, 25 (contin) List : 1. Loon (Common? D.m.) one at Moss Landing. Large 2. Horned Grebe : Two at Moss Landing - A larger area of white on the cheeks and neck ; a larger head, and less trim body distinguish it from the Eared. I would think that bird > saw near the Coast South of San Francisco on Sept 7, 1939 were this same species. 3. Eared Grebe, 4 Pied-billed Grebe both at Moss Ldg. 5. Brown Pelican 1 at Carmel 6. Baird Cormorant - many at Carmel & Pacific Grove 7. Brandt Cormorant - a few 8. St. Blue Heron - one at Monterey 9. American Egret - several at Moss Landing w. plumes 10. Snowy Egret - two at Moss Landing on short 11. Black-crowned Night Herons - 2 on rocks at Carmel. 12. Mallard - Eslino in Monterey 13. Green-winged Teal - several pair at Carmel River. 14. Cinnamon Teal, several pair at Mt. Eden, 1 pr. at Carmel R, 15. Shovelers - still abt. at Mt. Eden. 16. Pintail - hits at Monterey 17. Canvasbacks - (Mt.Eden?) Moss Landing 18. Lesser Scaup - Monterey 19. Am. Golden-eye - several "" - all in or pool 20. Bufflehead - 2 females on Eslino at Monterey. 21. White-winged Scoter, several at Moss Landing & Monterey 22. Surf Scoter move abt. there 21 at "" 23. Puddy Ducks - Mt. Eden, Moss Landing & Monterey - some in breeding plumage. 24. Red-breasted Merganser - one full plumaged male at Moss Landing. 3 brown plumage at Monterey -

1939 Carmel 25. Turkey Buzzard - (Hecter Pass). 26. Sparrow Hawk - Santa Clara Valley. 27. Coots - Mt. Eden, Monterey, Carmel. 28. Oyster Catcher - lives at the Marine Biological Station near Monterey - in plain view on rocks just off shore, resting and foraging. The first time I have seen them well (also in full plumage) Moss Landing 29. Black-tailed Gull - (one in full plumage) Moss Landing 30. Killdeer, Mt. Eden, Moss Landing. 31. Song Birds 4 - at Marine Biological Station. 32. Black Turnstones - at. Carmel & Monterey. 33 (Wilson Snipe ?, Carmel River) - two flew, alighted and straightpeared in characteristic fashion. 34. Long-tailed Curlew - one only at Moss Landing 35. Hudsonian Curlew - 20t. 36. Willets - ab. on Sand Spit with Godwits. They make a pretty picture as the two species rose and circled the lagoon. 37. Lesser Yellowlegs - one at Moss Landing, very near and decidedly smaller than Willet. 38. Sandpipers Laps. ?) 30-40 wheeling - at Moss Landing 39. Godwits - ab. overflying & flying with Willets 40. Sanderling - ab. at Carmel. 41. Glaucous-winged Gull 42. Western Gull. 43. Band-Tailed Pigeons - Blank's Home, Carmel. 44. Allen Hummingbird 45. Anna Hummingbird 46. Kingfisher 47. Flicker

48 Cali. Woodpecker 49 Cabanis (?) Woodpecker. Carmel 50 Black Shackle 51 Western Flycatcher - heard at Carmel. 52 Cliff Swallow 53 Barn Swallow 54 Violet-green Swallow 55 Coast Jay. 56 Cali. Jay. 57 Crow. Carmel 58. Santa Cruz Chickadee - Carmel & St. Greg Wts. 59. Bush-Tits - Carmel. A pair came to feeding Table - also mine at one time. 60. Pygmy Nuthatch - Carmel. One came out hole in high pine tree at Casa Nova lot belonging to the Blankes. At Table - 61. Wren-tit - A pair came to feeding table for raisins and meat. 62. Vagrants Wren - a pair came to feeding table, always creeping up through the twigs under the table and peeping over the edge. They were building a nest in a two-compartment box put up by Mr. B. 63. Thrasher. A pair came frequently to the feeding table. They also fed on the ground in the street while we stood about 15 feet away. They did not fly when an automobile passed within four feet of them. Very tame. 64. Hermit Thrush. Once seen on Mar. 24. Mrs. B. thought the one that had been coming regularly had moved northward but another

1939 Carmel Cause in on Mar. 25 and 26. 65. Robin - very scarce. 66. W. Bluebirds - seen on wire along the way, especially south of Gilroy on the way home (Mar. 26) 67. Merlin Gnatcatcher - one on sage covered hill on the edge of river valley - Mrs. Saunders said she saw one there in January - 68. Puly-crowned Kinglet - ab - singing 69. Pipits - near Carmel River 70. Warblings - more abundant in the San Francisco's Bay Region. 71. Shrikes - in Santa Clara Valley - 72. Lutescent Warbler - Carmel. 73. Audubon Warbler - many came to the Blain's feeding table - some in winter plumage - some coming into breeding plumage - 74. Townsend Warbler - Several at stop in Nectar Pass; several at Marie Blvd, St. 75. Ridings - very ab. in Carmel River Tules at dusk - 76. Meadowlark 77. Brewer Blackbirds 78. English Sparrow - center of Carmel. 79. Calif. Purple Finch - many came to table, both full plumaged males and females. very pugnacious - 80. House Finches - none on table but many heard in Carmel - 81. Willow Goldspich - opposite Presidio in

Mourning; one in full plumage. 82. Green-backed Goldfinch 83. Pine Siskin (heard) 84. Spotted Towhee - near the feeding table but not often on it - Carmel. 85. Brown Towhee - often on feeding table. 86. Savannah Sparrow - heard singing in Carmel River Valley. 87. Fox Sparrows - on feeding table - not many - 88. Juncoo - ab. singing. Also at feeding table. 89. Nuttall Sparrow - very ab. - full song - First note of song much more vibrant than with our Nuttall in Berkeley 90. Puget Sound Sparrows. 9. thinks, all the White - crowns that came to the feeding table were of this variety, as two songs heard there were that of Puget Sound's. 91. Golden-crowned Sparrow - many came to Table, some in full plumage. 92. Song Sparrow - Strange to say there were none at the feeding table and now have been seen there by the B's - There were many singing near the river. * The immature white crowns at the table had orange colored bills - had seen. March 26. Early morning sunny; later cloudy with rain. We went to Pt Lobos and then on to Rainbow Bridge. We saw the Sea Otters just before reaching the bridge. Drove to Berkeley by

1939. Mar. 26 (contin) way of Palo Alto as stopped a few minutes at Mt. View Marsh. The tide was just coming in as a comparison of numbers of birds present was not representative. The Curlews there (12-14) were almost all Longbills (comp. Woodlanding Mar. 24) Several Bb. Plover were in full plumage. Two small Yellowlegs kept together constantly and one was much darker on the wings than the other; Sandpipers were mostly Western. No Dotterels, Avocets. Only a few Godwits. At Dumbarton Bridge the usual Eared Grebes and Spotted Ducks, often feeding Together in a close bunch. Too dark to see if the Grebes were changing into breeding plumage. Only two or three Cliff Swallows. Rain in spots on the way home. Mar. 27. Allen Dummer The "Chat Club" went to Lake Merced and Golden Gate Park. Clear. Wind from ocean strong and cold, esp. at Lake Merced. Warmer in park. List: 1, 2, 3 Western, Eared and Pied-billed Grebes Some of the Eared Grebes were in almost complete breeding plumage- with the eye flame colored - very striking.

4. Black-crowned Night Heron - one miniature flesow 5-8 Mallards, Cinnamon Teal, Lesser Scaup, Ruddies One pair of Cinnamon Teal on the small pool at east end of the larger lake. Ruddies, many in full plumage - 9. Costs - very abundant 10-12 Western, Glaucocon, winged - Bonapartes - along shore in East Bay - 13. Allen Hummingbird. The trip was planned purposely to see these in abundance and we were not disappointed. A nest was found in one of the Monterey Pines at Lake Merced - the female was adding a big bunch of down. At the lunch place on the bank of North Lake in Golden Gate Park this makes were in the air about us all the time - doing the pendulum, fighting e.t.c. 14. Blue Anna Hummingbird gave its ex- pllosive whistle at the bottom of its due. 15. Flickers - several seen. 16. Barn Swallow - one seen at Lake Merced 17. Santa Cruz Chickadees - still in flocks - 18. Brush Tito - both at L. Merced North Lake. 19. Virginia Vireo, many in full song. At the Japanese Tea Garden a pair were- building a nest in the mouth of a Buddha not two feet from a main path and about two ft. from the ground -

1939 20. Tule Wren - Heard singing at Lake Merced where we caught glimpses of it. 21. Ruby-crowned Kinglet - singing. 22. Audubon Warbler - many seen. 23. California Purple Finch - eating melon seeds. 24. House Finch - abundant in tea garden. 25. Willow Goldfinch - one in full plumage singing continuously at Lake Merced. 26. Nuttall Sparrow - everywhere abt. 27. Golden-crowned - heard. 28. Song Sparrow abundant. 29. Spotted Towhee - heard. 30. English Sparrow - at Tea Garden. At Lake Merced the wind was so strong at the East end of the lake that we could not do birding except from the car, so we did not find yellowthroats. March 28. Cloudy, cold. I heard the Varied Thrush when I got up at 6:30 a.m. March 30, 31 Warm. Jean saw gulls migrating. April 1, 2. Cloudy with rain at night. J.T.D drove to Boulder Creek. J. burned the rest of the brush, and I worked in the garden - Flowering peach, T Crabes, daffodils in full bloom. On the way down we passed the Alvarado ponds - very few birds - some Sponbills, one pintail, one Greater Yellowlegs. On the return trip we stopped at Mt. View Marsh where birds

are much less abundant - great spaces of mud with no birds at all. Long-tailed Curlew and Bb. Plover - the most abundant species; many of the plover in full plumage. At Dunn- Bridges I did not see swallows though last week I saw a few Clips. There. Tires at the west end I saw a W. Grebe and a full plumaged Golden-eye Duck close together. Eared Grebes are much reduced in numbers; many in breeding plumage - List: Western & Eared Grebes, St. Blue Heron, Black-crowned Night Heron (1 at Mt. View Marsh); Shovellers, Pintail (1), Ann. Goldeneye (2); Turkey Buzzard, Redtail, Sparrow Hawk, Pheasant (5) crossed the road just in front of the car near Alvarado; Clapper Rail (3); Bb. Plover (eb.); Mule Deer several; Long-tailed Curlew 30+ (one E. end of Dunn); Hudsonian Curlew 1; Willet 50+; (no Godwits); Greater Yellowlegs (Alvarado) Lesser Yellowlegs (Mt. View); Least, Redback (some in breeding plumage), Western at Mt. View - not ab.; √ Bectoral Dendrjiper: a little smaller than the Lesser yellowlegs, white stripe over eye, buffy wash on chest, legs greyish-yellow; did not bob] (No Dovitchers); Awolet 1 at Mt. V.; Bullo (sp?); Mourning Dove (1 near Alvarado); Kingfisher heard at B.; Calif. Woodpecker (catching insects at B.; Flicker Black Phoebe, W. Flycatcher, Swallows (Sq.?); high - 3+ at Boulder Creek; Coast T Calif. Jay, Titmouse (Savoy) Chickadees (flocks at B.C.); Bush Tit (flock at B.C.); Blyrmy Nuttallatch (2 heard at B.C.); Calif. Creeper, X Vesper Wren building a nest in the redwood box at B. Never finished.

1939 W. Winter Wren singing excitedly near a rotting log on Lot 6 at Sanjore Verde; Hermit Thrush (rare, one heard); Waxwings (one flock); Cipits at Dunn. Warbling Vireo (first heard this spring. At Sanjore Verde; Cassia Vireo ditto, Lutescent Warbler, Pileated Warbler " ), Redwing Brewer Blackbirds - single pairs of flocks; Eng Sparrows (building under tile on Charles Store in Boulder Creek. They got material from a blossoming acacia tree). Calif Purple Finch (singing at B.C.); House Finch S. Clara V. T Dunn St. Goldfinch, Spotted Towhee, Brown Towhee, Pt. P. Junco, Purget Ed. Sparrows (at, in S.C. Valley); B.c. Sparrows (near Haywards); Song Sparrow B.C. 62 Species April 3. The Chat Club spent the morning in Codornices Park. The reservoir was being repaired (following a fire which turned the new cover) so we were working against the noise of many engines. Birds were very abundant. Permanent Residents Willow woodpecker (heard), Titmouse , Brush ht, Wrentit, Vagans Vireo, Robin, Eng. Sparrow, Calif. Purple Finch, Linnet, Willow Goldfinch (heard), Spotted Brown Towhee, Pt. P. Junco, S.C. Song Sparrow Winter visitants; Hermit Thrush (scarce). Ruby-crowned Kinglet ab. singing; Audubon Warbler (females in breeding plumage (no songs heard); Gambel Sparrow, Purget Sound Sparrow and Golden-crowned Sparrow - all three ab. and circling. Fox Sparrow heard.

Summer Visitants: Allen Hummer (one returned again and again to the same perch), Western Flycatcher (only one heard), Warbling Vireo (one singing), Lutecent Warbler ab. singing; Pileated Warbler (probably bird); Chilly, cloudy. Mrs. Hartley reported young Cat Tails calling in nest. April 4. Clear, warm. Western Flycatcher and Pileated Warbler at 37 Morwood. April 5. Warm. Tolinia Warbler singing at end of Morwood Rd. Fox Sparrow, Hermit Thrush and B.C. Knight still here. Thrasher has stopped singing. Nutting Vireo heard. Mrs. Weed saw the Black-headed Grosbeak, & and Rufous Hummingbird & - James Flocks are gone. April 6 - Beginning of Easter Holiday. We took a day's trip to Clear Lake and back. Perfect weather. After we passed the summit of the pass over Mt. St. Helena we found dogwood in bloom. Noticed also a Couper and a shrub. As we neared the Lake Co. boundary Redbird was in full bloom and looked very beau- tiful among the many spring shades of green - also against the blue sky. It was very abundant on the slopes as we came to the lake. We stopped for lunch on the Lake Shore and in the cattails there was a pair of Yellow-headed Blackbirds - possibly two pairs - Also Redwings, Tree Swallows and Lewis Woodpeckers. Western Grebes were calling.

April 6 1939 Clear Lakes. After lunch we drove on to Austin's and visited our tiny lot. No developments. Flowers noticed Annual Lupine, White Hemophilia, especially; We went on to the Log Cabin, then had to start home. Bird List. W. Gull ab.; White Pelican 20+; St. Blue Heron Turkey Buzzards (7 in one group, flying); Sparrow Hawk, Quail, White Piquetted Pheasant near Yountville; Costa, Gulls (ap.?) on lake; Calif Woodpecker ab.; Lewis Woodpecker (8-15); Flycher, Cliff Swallows (swarming near bridge); Barn Swallow, one; Tree Swallow, Violet Green Swallow; Calif Jay, W. Crow, Titmouse Chickadee (on Mt. St. Helena); Shudder-tulled Mutter Latch; 2 House Wren (Jean Middleton - first one this spring); W. Bluebird, W. Quateatelier, Warbling Vireo, Lutecient Warbler (Napa Valley); Audubon Warbler, Yellow Warbler (heard near Austin); Yellow-headed Blackbird, Redwinged Blackbird, Brewer Blackbird, Sng. Sparrow, Calif. Purple Finch, Leiniet, Willow and Green-backed Goldfinch, Brown Thorpe- Juncs, Chipping Sparrow ab.; Purget-Ed.; Gambel and G.t. Sparrows, Doug Sparrows. 44 Species. On the return trip we took the Silverado Trail from Calistoga to Napa - very beautiful. April 7. While watering the garden I saw a Western Winter Wren in the oak branches (of tree cut down to make room for the garage.) Night singing Fox Sparrow still here. No dawn songs. At 4 p.m. we drove to Boulder Creek - stopping at 6 p.m. at Mt. View Marsh - Birds were more generally distributed our

April 8, the mud but the increase over last week seemed to be mainly Bb. Clover and Willets; There were no Godwits or Avocets and very few Dovileters. Sandpipers were not abundant. List: Bb. Clover - about 1/3 in full plumage; a few shining black in spots - 100s- Long-billed Curlew - about 12 near the highway Hudsonian " four seen. W. Willets - 100s- Yellowlegs - one - Greater? Think- Least Sandpipers - 50+ Red backed " 15+ Dovileters Western " 8+ April 8, Boulder Creek. - Mr. & Mrs. McCabe with us- Warm, summer day - No dawn chorus but W. Flycatcher - Cassin Vireo heard early. List: W. Flycatcher W. Chickadees (no flock); Bush-Tits (pair); Tyguy Nuthatch (heard); W.W. Wren singing; Warbling and Cassin Vireos; Black-throated Gray Warbler (first time); Paleolated War- bler, Calif Purple Finch, Gob. Goldfinch (a pair flying very close together, the male singing excitedly); Brown Towhee singing - James, Birds very scarce - Winter birds gone. On the way home Mr. McCabe saw White- throated Swift on the Saratoga Grade.

1939. April 9. Berkeley. Very silent in early morning - At 7:30 I heard the call note of a House- Wren and a moment later he began To sing near the lower loft. First time I have heard one in Berkeley though there has been every opportunity. April 11. The House Wren brought a mate to the nesting box near our front door, Excitedly and clicking his bill all the time. Then they went below the house, and I could hear their singing for some time. Then they disappeared. Clear. Cool breeze. Less clear in afternoon April 12. Clear - N.W. breeze - cool. The Black- headed Grosbeak could be heard singing near the house. Still very few birds near the house. No flickers. Fox Sparrow still here. Trees have new leaves. A robin is picking up insects in the street. The Lady Birds went to Codornices Park. Saw Anna, Allen, and Rufous Hummers. I heard one Kinglet, saw one Androdon Warbler catching insects. Gambel and Golden-crowned Sparrows were still abundant. (Of Summer Birds besides the Allen Hummer were the Western Flycatcher, Warbling Vireo (3 fps.), Lutescent Warbler and Palestine Warbler. Later we went to Mrs. Leaven's garden on Yorba Rd.

Her oak trees were sprayed yesterday and yet there were large numbers of Blue Siskins and Purple Finches eating worms in the trees. Several Andebon Warblers were singing. A bunch-tits nest in poplar (or birch?) trees on Tannalpais Road was being shaken by young in the nest - both parents feeding. 28 Species. April 13. Cold a.m. Sunny later. Heard Grouse and House Wren again. In the evening a Great Horned Owl was perched at the top of the red- wood tree next to the house at 29 Morewood. It was calling repeatedly. We saw it fly away - April 14. Birds increasing. Many Purple Finches in the oaks feeding on the worms and a pair of robins picking them up from the ground. Two youngos. A Hermit Thrush heard before 7 a.m. A Fox Sparrow came for food. G.C. Sparrows singing. April 15. On the way to Boulder Creek we stopped a few moments at Drumbaron Bridge about 11:30 a.m. Tared Gulls in full plumage 80+; Bluebirds 5; Clapper Rail 1; Str. Flower 30+ most in full plumage; Willets 100+; Red-billed Sand- pipers - 100s - almost all with black bellies - Very few Least and Western; only three gulls seen, 40+ Bonaparte Gulls, all with black heads. They were picking insects (?) from the surface of the water; Forster Terns 2; Cliff Swallows abr., Barns. 2; Pijarts abr. Nomedale (

1939 April 15 (cont.) Brewer Blackbirds, Linnets. At Mt. View Marsh (at noon) - three hours after high tide but tide was only moderate. Mud mud exposed. Birds still decreasing. Birds seen: Clapper Rails 2; Bb. Plover, still the most abundant bird on the mud, but fewer than last week. Most of them in full plumage; Willets fewer than Bb. Plover; Sandpipers in flocks of 100±. All could see were Least; Dovetellers 10- very pruddy, Godwit 1, Long-tailed Curlew 7, Mud 5, Gulls 2, Lesser Yellowlegs 4 (possibly one was a Greater Y.) Foster Term 1, Barn Swallow 1, Pipits several; Bryant Sparrow 1, Yt. Blue Heron 2. While driving along > saw an Oriole, and heard Lutescent, Bicoloris and Audubon Warblers (the last singing) and Yellow Warbler, Grackles and Wrens. At Saratoga a Thrasher was on the lawn; a Rufous Hummer was drinking an Anna away from the yellow jasmine; a Downy woodpecker was calling. Linnets everywhere. James singing and W. Flycatcher calling. April 16. Boulder Creek - at dawn Purple Finch, Warbling and Cassin Vireos, Bicoloris and Black-throated Grey Warbler and W. Flycatcher. A Monterey Hermit Thrush was heard singing in the usual place on the wooded hillside across the river. On the way home

I heard a brilliant song of the W.W. Wren above the lawn, a House Wren, mar Wildwood, and Black-throated Gray Warblers in three places in the San Joaquin Valley and in one above Saratoga - (No grosbeaks or Olive-sided Flycatcher) The Vireo Wren was not seen or heard - probably gave up the box because the hole is so small. Beautiful weather. Wisteria, Lupine (animal), nemophila, arabis in blooms Very dry. A Clipping Sparrow singing below Canyon Rd., April 17. Went to Vallejo Reservoir and Sears Point Cut-off. Very few birds at the reservoir, mostly redwings, Coots and Ruddy Ducks. Twice I heard what I think was a Virginia Rail but could not see it. Out in the distance I saw a Buffle-head Duck. Other birds seen there: Meadowlarks, Pipits, Anna's Allen Hummers (feeding on Eucalyptus blossoms), Flicker, White crowns (no songs - Seen by Mrs. Coale) Song Sparrow, Savannah Sparrows, Linnets, Violet green Swallows, Comorants (Farallone), Tule Wren, Marsh 14 avocets, Gulls (sp?) Brown Blackbirds most active in Eucalyptus trees, Redwings in Tules. After lunch we returned to Vallejo when tides was high and found a great abundance of waders, resting on little islets: Bib Plow, Willets, Long-billed Curlew (40+), Niederian (2), Dowitchers (100s), Wilson Snipe (1); also one Ann Egret and one Snowy - many Bonaparte Gulls with black heads,

1939 Sears Point Tule Wrens singing everywhere. We walked out on a pier and from there we could look down on the birds. Along the Sears Pt. road birds were not abundant: A few Least Sandpipers, very few Western (could find no Redbacks - they may have been at Valley's but did not fly as the dowitchers did, showing their white backs and rumps. Dow. were very muddy. A few Spondbills were in the pools and some Riddies, most of them still in winter plumage. When we came to the Sonoma Creek Bridge we stopped and there in the last pool were 8 Lesser Yellowlegs, 10-12 Semi-palmated Plow and one Phalarope. One bittern seen in flight. Under the bridge were many Cliff Swallows and a few Barn Swallows. Willow Goldfinches were numerous and in full song - 38 of. On the bay shore (Berkeley) Bluebills and Canvasbacks were seen. April 18-21 - Chilly fog most of the time. There seem to be no birds nesting near by. To the east of the house. I hear no chirps at dawn. Also there are no flocks feeding on the balconies. A few Purple Finches and an occasional quisco or a few Golden crowned Sparrows in the trees and a few Robins picking up worms on the ground or on the walls. At noon on April 21 two pairs of House Wrens came to the big picker

Box near a second story window (S.) and one pair took possession. The female began immediately & carry in sticks. James thinks he has heard an owl in thime at night. A Spotted Towhee sings constantly from the bingle west of the house and I suspect a Caly Jay has a nest near the kitchen window. A Tolmie Warbler sings occasionally at the end of Moonwood Road but I seldom hear either the Paleolated or Lutescent Warbler - usually abundant here. On April 20 both the Hermit Thrush and Fox Sparrow were there. Robins very familiar in the garden, picking up worms. April 22. Boulder Creek. Cloudy, damp - at 6:30 p.m a Purset-Voiced Thrush began to call in the redwoods back of the cottage. A little later James heard it sing - Harris Wood perch and near the dead willows when it nests. April 23. Cloudy all the morning - Baking. Birds singing: Western Flycatcher, Black- Throated Gray and Paleolated Warblers, Warbling and Cassin Vireos, (Olive-sided) Flycatcher, Erosbeak. Calls: Kingfisher, Chuckadeer, Bushtits, Hummingbird (sp.?), P.D. Thrush, Spotted Towhee. Quite a chorus at dawn. April 25 - Barkley Clear with cool breeze. I heard Towhees Warblers. Bluejays building a nest in oak tree north of house. House Wrens seem to have left the Flicker box. Saw female go into Titmouse box (belostrous)

1939 Alum Rock Park Mrs. Leavens reported Olive-sided Flycatcher in Tilden Park. Golden-crowned Sparrow still here but decreasing. No Gambel's heard. April 26. The Lady Birds went to Alum Rock Park for the day. Clear with cool breeze. The first stop was between Mt. Eden and Elvarado where we noticed gulls following a tractor (one Bonaparte (winter plumage)), several Glaucous- winged, and many Calif. and Thighbills. With them were 20-30 Hudsonian Curlews and 30-40 Black-bellied Plover in full plumage. As we neared Alum Rock Canyon we stopped among the sycamores and aspens where a Black-headed Grosbeak was singing an especially fine song with many variations - Yellow Warblers, Orioles, White Crown, Wood Peewee and finchlets were seen and heard. Chipping Sparrows in the orchards - Brian dry until we reached the hills. We stopped where birds seemed abundant and were rewarded with the song of the Canyon Wren. A little protection of rusty oil this stood near the road and the wrens were evidently nesting in- side. The head and back and lower adds - were matched the rusty hue almost exactly. But its white on the throat and chest was very conspicuous. Many other birds near by - When we

found a chat singing we stopped for lunch and heard all his variations saw him in excellent light, and saw him pick up a from Caterpillar, such as our finds. Three Lazuli Buntings were victim hearing and bird spent much of the time chasing each other in and out among the Sycamores, often perching in the mustard where the blue showed to best advantage. On the way home we went past the Oakland Airport and through Alameda in order to see the Knots which are mi- grating now, Sand Toss and many other shore birds and 36-40 Foster Terms. Tall list: Turkey Buzzards (3); Redtails 3; Spar- row Hawk 1; Swail many; Clapper Rail (near Airport); Black-bellied Plover 36-40; Semi-palmated Plover 8 Al; Hudsonian Curlew (26-36) +15; Willets 20t; Knot 2; Least Sandpipers 5dt; Red-backed Sandpiper (full pl) 15t; Dowitcher 20t; Godwits 40t; Sanderling (100+); Glaucous g.; Western (Al); Calip., Pintail, Foster Terms 36-40; Anna Hummer 1; King Fisher 1; Flycatcher Nuttall (W in part); Calif. colony) in Black Phoebe!; Wood Plover 1; Western (several); Barn Swallow (Al); Cliff Swallow Mt. Edw.; Tree Swallow, Park; Coast P Calif. Jay (Park); Crow (near Berryessa); Titmouse; Chickadee (upper Alum Rock Canyon); Slender-billed Nuthatch (several); Wrentit; Canyon Wren, Vigors, House; Shrike (mt. Edw.); Warbling Vireo 3er.; Lutecent Warbler; Yellow, Chat; Redwing, Meadowlark, Bullock Oriole, Brewer Blackbird; Black Ed. Grosbeak, Lazuli Bunting at.

1939 April 26 (contin). Alum Rock Park etc. Calif. Purple Finch (Football Blk.); Luntet at; St. Goldfinch ab.; Spotted Turkey, Brown Towhee, Bryant Sparrow Ab.; Gnuco; Chipping sp.; Gambel (a few in park); Golden-crowned sp.; Song Sparrow. Total 63. April 27. Clear with cool breeze. Mrs. Leavens 10-11:45 a.m. piloted me through Tilden Park. After leaving the car we walked along a trail that leads along a creek to the Cares; returned to the car and drove to the lower lake then back to the dam which is being built for another lake higher up, thin hours. Birds seen; Redtail (heard calling); Quail (scr. paris). Hummingbirds were abundant. A female Anna was seen many times, Twice collecting down- The Allen and Rufous (water) were seen and a pair which I think were Calliope. The female was perched in a dead weed three to four feet from the ground and the male was lower up above in a shallow arc. The note at the bottom of the arc was faint and thread like. They were very small and the female was greenish with only a small amount of rusty. A Cabanis Woodpecker was heard, also a Flicker. The Olive-sided Flycatcher's note was heard as soon as we reached the upper part of the park and we soon saw him perched near the top of a cypress. (A male Anna X. above him).

A Blue Phoebe was seen and Western T. over abundant. Both Coast and Calif. jays were abundant. Titmice (several), Bushtits, Wren-Tits, House wren and Vigor Wren. (House W. more ab. than V.) A Russet-backed Thrush was whistling very faintly in one place on the stream. One flock of Waxwings; several Warbling Vireos, Lutescent (several), Black-throated Gray (small flock - one seen); Titmice (3 singing); Oriolated (ab) Warblers - Black-h. Grosbeaks - one pair watched for some time, other males singing; Calif. Purple Finch (one heard singing); Green-backed Goldfinch, Siskin, Spotted Towhee, Juncoes (three singing); G.c. Sparrow (very silent), Fox Sparrow (one seen, very silent); Swin Sparrows ab. 35 Species Hears a Tanager in Berkeley (34 Morrow) April 29. Clear, warm. Dumbarton Bridge. The first salt pool north of the roadway were very shallow and there were, thousands of Sandpipers in it. There I could see well enough to identify were Western Sandpipers in breeding plumage. The heavier bill was noticeable. They were busily feeding and there was a continuous peeping of the multitude. I have never seen them in such large numbers before. Farther down came, Redbacks in full plumage. I saw about six Northern Phalaropes in summer plumage, and in the last pool about 158 Cared Grebes, in breeding plumage.

1939 Apr. 29 (Contir). Mountain View Marsh: The tide at high evidently did not come in high to the Highway as there was less water than desirable for good observations. Birds are still decreasing. Black-bellied Plover, almost all in full plumage, were scattered about and their calls were predominant. Perhaps we saw 100; Long-billed Curlew were very few; Hudsonians more numerous, about 30; Godwits 18±; Dovitches 6; Western Sandpipers 150+; Willets very few - perhaps 10; one flock of Semi- Calculated Plover - about twelve. Prob- ably more farther out. April 30. Boulder Creek. Heard a Rusty-backed Thrush at dawn. Then a Towagir. May 1. Class went to Tilden Park - Cold wind with fog. Clearing later. Near the Club's House there was a large flock of Cedar Waxwings, most of the time in Eucalyptus trees (eating blossoms?); A Shrew-backed Goldfinch was building a nest in the terminal branch of an oak tree. Near the Caves we found the pair of Cabanis Woodpeckers, apparently feeding young. The female came to the nest (with the male) when we first arrived. After that the male came frequently and entered the nest but the female, though visible, did not come to the dead oak where the nest

The Yellow Warbler was heard several times and the Bewick-backed Thrush called most loudly than on Apr. 27. No wader birds. Song of Black-throated Gray Warbler heard. May 2. Clear, air cool. A Tanager was singing below the house about 9:45 p.m. Heard Bewick- backed Thrush near house. May 3. James says he heard an Olive-sided Flycatcher near the house in the afternoon. At 2:30 p.m. (min of tide), I went to Flaming Point where I found shore birds abundant. A few Semipalmated Plover (3?); 8 Hudsonian Curlew, 12 Willets, many(100?) Western Sandpipers, a few Red-backed Sand- pipers (6?); 8-10 Dowitchers, 6-8 Sanderling. No Godwits or BB Plover and I couldn't be sure any of the Sandpipers were Least. May 4. Sunny with cool breeze. I saw a large flycatcher at the tip of a dead cypress across the road. (He rallied out several times to catch an insect, returning each time to the same perch. No call heard. Prob- ably an Olive-sided). Once he flew to the large pine tree nearby. Finally a Bluejay alighted lower down, pro- ceeded to hop to a higher branch each time, then went up the tips where the flycatcher was perched. The flycatcher left just before the jay reached the tip.

1939 There have been a few extra birds about Today - An extra House Wren sang near the empty titmouse box all day, answered by the one near the front door. I was not aware of any fighting. A Isolated Warbler was singing fre- quently. There have been more nesting near the house - at least songs have been missing. I still hear chips of the Sutinsect but no songs. The Thrasher calls at dawn but I do not hear it during the day. Occas- ionally a Wrentit song. The Spotted and Brown Thrashers came for food (Cream of wheat roasted with baconfat) Worm droppings do not increase - Two or three robins continue to hop about the paths - very tame. May 6. Dumbarton Bridge: Eared Grebes 25; Hudsonian Curlew 9; Red-backed Sandpipers 100+ < Western Sandpipers 100s+ > Avocets - 2 pairs - Northern Phalaropes - 1000s.< Caspian Terns 5- Gulls - none- [illegible] Lark - 1 Cliff Swallows ab. no [illegible].

May 6 (Contd.) Mt. View Marsh. Tide very low. Black-bellied Plover 3; Semi-palated Plover 5; Hudsonian Curlew 10; Western Sandpipers 40t, (No Willets, Godwits, Yellowlegs, Dintchlers, Lp & Curlew) Boulder: Heard a W.W. Wren & Hermit Thrush in late afternoon. May 7. Boulder Creek. I was awake before dawn. The first bird I heard was the Goshawk singing. Then the Chirp-aided Flycatcher calling in distance. Pt. Thrush (Calls only). A little later the W. Wrens, Tanagers, Spotted and Brown Tanagers, and Still later the Warblers: Yellow, Pileated and Black. Vividated of Casing Viper Gray, Western Flycatcher and Wood Pewee. On the way home Yellow Warblers were heard in many places and a Lazuli Bunting at Caraloga Gap. Heard the W.W. Wren again near the cottage-and a Creeper singing. The Cabanis Woodpecker was heard many times- in Berkeley (5:45 p.m.) Mr. Stratton brought a Tanager killed by breaking the window. May 8. The Faculty Group went to Reliz Valley after a roundabout drive through Alhambra Valley almost to Martinez (main Station). One stop at a ranch offered good birding: A pair of House Wrens feeding young in a nest at the top of the corner post of a building; Song Sparrows with young out of the nest - two W. Flycatcher pairs: Yellow Warblers, Gnatcatchers, Wood Pewees, both Jays, both Tanagers, Linnets, 4th Goldfinches and a Turkey Buzzard. Along the way more Buzzards, Sparrows, Hwnts, Meadow Lark, Brewer's Blackbirds, Cliff Swallows. At the ranch in the Reliz Valley where we found 26 species on May 13, 1938. There were very

few birds. House View was but only bird singing constantly: Blackbirds, 1pr. of orioles, a junco, a Wood Pewer, a Nuttall woodpecker, Calif. Wood- peckers, a Titmouse, a Slender-billed Nithatch and Junco were all I could find. Water was almost a minute quantity in the creek bed; which may account for the difference. There were many more birds at Saramap Station where several pairs of Thrushes were building nests and Robins and a Clipping Sparrow were added to the list. At Haberland's Bee Ranch we saw also a Black Phoebe, and W. Flycatcher, Wood Pewer and heard the Lazuli Bunting - the only place we heard one. Cool, partly foggy. In Berkeley at 4 p.m. a Nuttall Vireo was Calling loudly. It was interesting that in Contra Costa County we found Robins (at Saramap and Bee Ranch), Juncos (at Reliez Valley & Saramap) and Coast Jay (near Ninis Station) - among the breeding birds. May 9. Cloudy, cool. The Lady Birds drove to Clear Lake. In the marsh near Vallejo's we saw some Greater Yellowlegs. At Napa Asylum I noticed a Robin on the lawn. We went up the East side of the Napa Valley over the Silverado Trail. We stopped at the usual place (two bridges) east of Napa where birds were very abundant: Buzzard, Black Phoebe, W. Flycatcher, V. g. Swallows, Slender-billed Nithatch, Titmouse, Rusty-backed Thrush (whitite); Lutescent

and yellow Warblers, Linnets, Mr. Goldfinches, Black-headed Grosbeak, Spotted Towhee, Chipping Sparrows and Song Sparrow. A little farther north we found Orioles, Wood Pigeons, Bluebirds, Calif. Jays, Anna Hummer, and at a stop about opposite Stego Leap a Dark Sparrow sang continuously from the top of a small Tree. From there on they were frequently seen. The Ash-throated Flycatcher was first seen there and continued to be fairly abundant the rest of the way. At the next stop east of Yountville we added the Warbling Vireo, House Wren, Mourning Dove, Black-throated Gray Warbler, Bush Tit, Great Catcher and a Spotted Towhee that sang an individual song of its own. At our lunch spot a little farther north on the edge of a dry creek, we saw Killdeer and an Audubon's Green Heron, and a little later Cassin Vireo. On Mt. St. Helena I heard the Calif. Purple Finch. Clematis was in bloom and we saw one Dogwood still in flower. After passing Middleton we began to see W. Kingbirds which were abundant in Lake County. At Butah Creek bridge we stopped to listen to the Chat and Layali Bunting's, and heard Cedar Warblers - May 10. Clear Lake - Log Cabin Tavern. All four kinds of Swallows were abundant: Cliff, Barn, Tree and Violet Green. We watched a Tree Swallow take a large fluffy feather into a hole on the underside of a branch. Orioles, Yellow Warblers, House Wrens, Blackbirds abundant near the Lake.

1939 Clear Lake We drove over to the cattails beyond Curtin's before breakfast and found the yellow-headed Black- birds still there (see Apr. 6) and also the Yellowthroats (but Lewis Woodpeckers were not seen). In the dry hills (Blues oats) above the hotel we found the Wrentit, Thrasher, Slender-billed Nuthatch (feeding young in a basket in a hole in a tree stump four feet above the ground We tried with a flash light to into the nest but could only see the grassy edge. We had a wonderful view of a Black-throated Grey Warbler which was singing in low calls. At Curtin's we found a Western Robin and hordes of Yellow Warblers. We drove around the hill to the east and on to Clear Lake Oaks and beyond to find water birds. W. Grebes were ab. there as elsewhere, two Farallone Cormorants were seen, but nothing else. As we returned southward a pelting shower came on. From Lower Lake we drove over to Jag's resort but found no real birds. From the top we could see four White Pelicans (Anderson's Flat), On the way out we saw several Flickers, a Willow Goldfinch, a Tanager and Lazuli Bunting. 64sp. May 11. Berkeley. The Thrasher is singing again. A Lutescent Warbler is feeding young out of the nest near the bird pool. Still no songs to indicate the presence of a male.

The two House Wrens sing constantly, one above the house, the other near the lower box - Both established with mates. May 13,14 Boulder Creek. Birds abundant; a good chorus at dawn but the Thrush hardly sings at all. In the late p.m. (May 13) we drove up the Bear Creek Road to the summit. There I saw a Hawk in the same plumage (white chest, dark belly) as the one seen March 19 but it had a red tail this time. We watched the fog come in from Santa Cruz and also from Big Basin until it filled the whole valley, the top of Ben Lomond Mt. Clear. May 15,16. Three members of the Fletcher group met with me to Boulder Creek. From Berkeley we went via Mt. Bolivar, Haywards, Valle Vista, Alvarado, Dumbarton Bridge, Mt. View March Bavaloga. In the afternoon we went to the West Cliff Drive in Santa Cruz 5-6 p.m. The next day we visited the Santa Cruz Big Tree Grove then drove back to Berkeley after 3 p.m. List of birds seen or heard: Loons (Cormorants?) - Flocks passed just off shore flying northward 15+35+20+6+7. Eared Grebe, one in full plumage in last pool at Dumbarton Bridge. Brown Pelican - one on bird rock Santa Cruz -

1939 To Boulder Creek & Santa Cruz. May 15, 16 Farallone Cormorants (?) Probably this species on Bird Rock and flying over water. Brandt Cormorants may have been there also. Too dark to make sure. Band Cormorants - Several flew by showing white flanks at Santa Cruz - Gt. Blue Heron - near Alvarado and at Dumbarton White-winged Scoter - two in surf. Also flocks of 4,7,50. (One flock of air, 3 W.W. 3 Surf. flying northward.) Surf Scoters - 6 in Surf. Also flocks - first of 40 flying quite high at first in V formation, then becoming confused, as the second flying as the first flock did then after becoming united, dropping gradually to the water where they alighted. Mallard (?) Near Alvarado a large duck with white tail flushed from under a RR bridge (R.R. obsolete) Buzzard - many seen in different places - Sparsus Hawk - one near Dumbarton, one over Big Trees, Quail - Boulder Creek and on way to S.Cruz. Coot - a few near Alvarado. Muledeer - a pair + a pair in Coyote Hills Slough Hudsonian Curlew - 4 at S.Cruz (2+2) Willetts - 2 groups at Dumbarton - 30? Red-backed Sandpipers - a few at Dumbarton Western Sandpipers - 100-200 Sanderling - three groups - perhaps 50 total at S.Cruz Avocets - 8 pairs at Dumbarton Bridge (salt pool)

Northern Phalarope - 100-200 in salt pools at Dunn. Glaucous-wq. Gull . Dnn. Western Gull at. Bonaparte Gull? - one with black head Gulls? (with very pale wings, black tips. 3rd yr?) .. Caspian Terns - 8+ at Dunn Bridge. Pigeon Guillemot - 1 at Santa Cruz. Seen first on water. Later it entered a hole in the bluff, came out and walked about - red feet. Mourning Dove - Saratoga to Santa Cruz. Burrowing Owl - one on the Coyote Hill where we saw it last year and in same burrow. Owl (sp.?) - one near Alvarado - very larry - may have been shot - eared. Kingfisher - one on electric wire npper S. Loreng Val. Cassin's Woodpecker nest in dead alder at Sequoia Verde. Others heard at Saratoga + Big Trees. Downy Woodpecker - heard at Saratoga. Calif. Woodpecker - Colony in Big Trees, very noisy. Flicker - in Big Trees - noisy, calling, drumming. Ash-throated Flycatcher - near Saratoga Black Phoebe - Santa Cruz. [illegible]-sided Flycatcher - both sides of nits. at. Wood Peave Western 1 Horned Lark - singing near Alvarado. Sbr. at Dunn. Cliff Swallow - at. Dunn + S. Cruz (on cliffs) Barn 11 - several seen Tree (?) - over Big Trees - Coast Jay - both sides of nits - Calif. Jay - Big Trees.

1939 Titmouse - Saratoga Chickadee - at. San Lorenzo Valley Bush tit - Saratoga & Boulder Creek Birgmy Wtthatch - many heard in Big Trees Creeper - Sempire Verde & Big Trees. The one at Sempire Verde sang like the Black Thr. Gray Warbler but with creeper quality Wren-tit - very few heard - Near Big Trees - Vigor Wren - two heard singing . House Wren - Saratoga (and south of Saratoga Gap.) W. Winter Wren - singing below Cottage (Sempire Verde) Russet-backed Thrush - several heard but not singing freely yet. W. Robin - East Oakland and near Saratoga . Warbling Vireo - at Niles Shrike - Santa Clara Valley Warbling Vireo - ab - Cassin Vireo - near Saratoga & San Lorenzo Valley Lutescent Warbler - Both sides of nits . Yellow Warblers - willows everywhere - Black Thr. Gray Warbler - Many heard singing near Sempire Verde. A female came into spicer outside living room window . Picolated Warbler - Near Cottage & in Big Trees etc. Redwing Blackbirds - near Alvarado Brewer Meadowlark - ab - Oriole - near Saratoga - Tanager - and San Lorenzo Valley - English Sparrow - near ranches and in towns.

Grobsbeak - ab. T singing. Layali Bunting - sep. E. Lake (Wet. Blvd.) and near remnants of mts. Calif. Purple Finch - Sempre Verde & Big Trees - Linnet - ab. in orchards & vines. Now near Cottage but many near Hunting Couplce St. Goldfinch - ab. - in suitable localities Spotted Towhee - ab. Brown Towhee Bryant Sparrow - Drum Bridge - Junco - Sempre Verde - Big Trees etc. Chipping Sparrow - near Saratoga, S. Verde. Willall Sparrow - Berkeley & S. Cruz - Song Sparrow - ab. in suitable localities Total 83. May18. Lois saw a pair of quail with four Tiny babies on the pavement of Morwood Road. The mother covered the babies but as Lois approached, the parents went up on the sidewalk; but the babies ran along the road. One fell over as it ran. Finally they came One jumped up four inches over the curb. The other Three ran until they reached a garage entrance where they could join the parents - Thrushes began their period of song. One is often on the front path and is quite Tame- May20. Commencement Day. A Cassia Vined was singing in the garden during the morning. The two Home Wrens came into conflict

1939 in the trees west of the house. The wren from the box near the front door flew back to the logern near the box while the wren from the titmouse box remained in the pales. Rain after 5:45 p.m. May 21. Tanagers at Boneder Creek. Thrush singing. Rainied all night. Duns Br. Avocets 50, Willets 15, Phalæpso N. 50; Ruddy Ducks 30t (all in same pool) Only one Tiller seen. May 22. Berkeley. A family of Lutescent Warblers were in the garden - the young flying about with ease. Burrowing Owl at Wilpetos - horned like a Sparrow Hawk. May 23. Purset-backed Thrush rang Continuously at dawn and for an hour or more afterward. The Lutescent Warbler rang frequently. While the first brood was being hatched I heard no songs. The Lady Birds went to Los Banos. Mrs. Swins and Mr. Saunders stopped here on the way back from Yosemite. I left Berkeley about 9:30 a.m. and drove to San Jose. I saw the Burrowing Owl again at Wilpetos on a fence post next the railway where the highway turns to cross the P.R. on entering the town. I met Mrs. Nellcorand at San Jose and after an early lunch we drove on to Gilroy and over Bacheco Pass. We reached Los Banos about 3 p.m. and went to the Canal Farm Hotel just beyond the town. We then drove out to the Game refuge but found no one there to unlock the gate so drove

on along the main road until we came to overfl owed pastures where we found many Stilts, Black Terns and a few Avocets. As we walked out on a dyke both the Stilts and Terns became very much ex- cited. The Terns flew over our heads calling; lighted on fence posts. The stilts dragged their wings, jumped up a foot or two, then down; flew over our heads calling excitedly. Farther on we found all the Blackbirds, Brewer, Redwing, Yellowheaded and Tricolor, in the Tules: Cinnamon Teal, Florida Gal- brules, one family with six young. Even the Bavies had red bills. In one pool there was a Crid-billed G rebe in breeding plumage. > do not remember ever having seen it before in this plumage. The most striking thing was the color of the bill - On either side of the black bar was a large white area. The top of the head looked higlid and there was much reddish brown on the neck. It had a way of sinking suddenly out of sight with no motion of diving. As we returned to the hotel we saw a Night Hawk (Texas) soaring above and a flock of Hudsonian Corkscrews flew northward. May 24. We had breakfast at 6:30 and drove to the Game Refuge at 7. The gate was opened for us and we drove around the circuit. A flock of about 50 White Peli- cans were rising about the ponds and

1939 Los Banos, were circling about all the time we were in the refuge (2½ hrs.) The most abundant birds in the refuge were the herons: St. Blue, Black-crowned Night, American Egrets (and Snowy Egrets), Mallards. Many pairs of Mallards were seen but there were also large groups that rose from the larger ponds. Marsh Harriers were numerous and very active, dropping again and again, as if to pounce on some mayowadles, Swallows, annual. Blackbirds, Kingbirds, Tule Breezes, Yellow Throats and Yellow Warblers were abundant. A Shrikes' nest contained young birds. One Western Tanager was in a willow tree on the edge of a tule-summered pond. About 10 a.m. we returned to the meadows visited yesterday afternoon. The flight was much better as the meadows toward the west and we were able to see, Indomuch better. We found several Dovetiters, and one Wilson Phalarope in addition to the ones seen before. In a small space next the Standard Hunting Club there was a Snowy Egret, a Black-crowned Night Heron and a Bittern. The Egret after lifted the plumes on its head and body and made a rush at the Heron. Suddenly a pair of Kingbirds rushed at the Egret, went past, circled and dropped again and again almost striking the Egret's head. Each time the Egret raised it plumes ducked its head and covered its body to dodge the blows.

Los Banos Finally it flew away with the Kingbirds in Close pursuit. Later we found the Kingbirds nest on the cross bar of the electric pole near by. List of birds seen: W.Grebe: two on large pond in Game Refuge. Crid-billed Grebe - several in breeding plumage. White Pelicans - about 50 - in soaring flight - St Blue Herons - com. everywhere - in all poses. Am. Egret - com. in wet meadows and on ponds. Snowy Egret - 9 - seven in group on one pond. Audubon Green Heron - one - Los Banos. Black cr. night Heron - abundant, Bittern - several. Mallard - very abundant. Cinnamon Teal - many pairs seen. (The may have seen birds, Gadwalls & Redhead but not in favorable light or near by.) Turkey Buzzard - many - in various localities Redtail - in Bachies Pass. Marsh Hawk - one in the B. Pass - many csp. in Refuge. Sharpshin Hawk - in B. Pass and elsewhere. Roughlegged Hawk - two males seen in Refuge. Gallinules - several - One with family of 6 small yps. Coots - ab. No young seen. Kildeer - everywhere, in marshiest meadows - Hudsonian Godwits 6 - flew over at sunset - toward N. Dowitchers - 6 - in wet meadow Avocets - Most of them in one pond (alkaline?) Stilts - 40 pps±

Los Banos - May 23, 24, 1939. (contd.) Wilson Phalarope - one in wet meadow. Fork-tailed Term - a few seen - Black Turn - abundant in wet meadows - Mourning Doves - ab. Burrowing Owl - Los Banos & Vinegita Texas Night-hawk - one at sunset near Caudl Farm Flicker - at Salt Slough Ranch - W. Kingbird - ab. everywhere from Gilroy on - Ash-throated Flycatcher - one at Salt Slough Ranch - Black Phoebe - com. Horned Lark - Entrance to Pacheco Pass, east side, ab. Cliff Swallow - ab. Barn Swallow - ab. Tree Swallows - a pair flew to a hole in an electric pole near Standard Hunting Club - Violet-gr. Swallow - at San Felipe Lake - Yellow-billed Magpie - ab. esp. west end of Pacheco Pass. (Seen at Justice by Mr. Suño & Sawder) Crows - a few seen - Titmouse - in Pacheco Pass Tule Wren - ab. in Tules in Game Refuge - Mocking Bird - near Los Banos Hotel W. Bluebird in Pacheco Pass Shrike - com. Warbling Vireo - in Pass - Yellow Warbler - in Tules - Yellow Throat - in Tules in Refuge, Yellow-headed Blackbird - abundant Redwing Tricolor - / " A large colony in the Tules - Meadowlark - ab.

Cirle - frequently seen, but not as much in the wet regions as in the day. Brewer Blackbirds abr. Tanagers - one in Refuge, Eng. Sp. too abundant at hotel & in town. Grosbeak - near hotel. Lazuli Bunting - in Berkes Pass and along way Linnet - abr. Willow Goldfinch - a few seen. Brown Thrasher - abr. everywhere. Song Sparrow - abr. in the Refuge & elsewhere. Total 62. (Mrs. Drinn & Mr. Saunders returned via Gustine where thin saw the Egret Colony and reported a nest of Lewis Woodpecker and Ysb. Mag. pie) As I journeyed through Mulepas I saw again the B. Bird. 9 m San Leandro a Mockingbird was singing. May 25, 26. Berkeley, P.O. Thrush sings constantly under my window. Also Lutecant W. Family of Titmouses in garden. Junco, Robin, Bil. W. and Vireos near by - House Wrens still singing. May 27. J.T.A. took me (also Miss Gladding and Lewis Hancom) to see the Egret Colony near Gustine. When we reached Gustine me continued on the highway about 1/2 miles; then turned left at a gas station, crossed bridge over a canal, then turned left into a ranch. Behind the main buildings on the edge of a small canal was a row of Cottonwood.

1939 Gustin Trees above which we could see the Egrets swarming. A Sight-Seeing bus was parked and the students from San Jose College were just returning from their visit to the colony under the guidance of Mr. Gayle Pictwells. The birds were much excited. After we had been there a little while we found one man in the top of one of the cottonwoods, (probably taking photographs). Many of the Egrets were in a meadow beyond the canal- Lrio counted about 64 all told. After some waiting on our part some of them settled again on their nests. A boy who had climbed one of the trees told us most of the nests he looked into contained eggs only but one contained two eggs and one baby bird, the baby in downy plumage was dead on the ground. Nests looked very flimsy from the ground. When the birds settled on the nests the Egrets spread out beyond the other patterns and made a beautiful covering filmy as spun glass. I did not see the Lewis Woodpeckers. We drove on to Los Banos and visited the flooded meadows beyond the Game Refuge. At first very few birds were seen but when we got out of the car they left their nests and flew about expediently. Miss Gladding waded through our section and found three nests - probably of stilts - one containing 3 eggs, one 4 and

one five. Eggs were large in proportion to the size of the birds, buffy with dark brown spots. We drove back through Sacheo Pass To Gilroy, over Hecker Pass to Watsonville and on to Boulder Creek. 92° at Los Banos. May 28, Boulder Creek. Clear - quite warm in middle of day. Tanager, Black-Throated Grey Warblers in addition to usual birds. Dam: Br. Willets 25; Anocets 6+4g, 11asleep, 4; N. Phal 8+12 Canyon Terms 12T, Foster Terms 10t; Shaffer Rail 1. May 29. Berkeley. Clear, warm. Mt. Thrush Cow- Start singer at dawn. Also Luteceant War- bler and House Wren - the three species Dawn some are nesting near by. I could hear faint calls of the baby House Wrens in the top near the front door. Visited Heard the Cassin Vireo again. It must be nesting in the canyon this year. Visited the Exposition - Only birds along the bay shore are gulls - not many - in miniature plumage. May 30. A Nuttall Sparrow sang east of the house - the first time I have heard it from the house during the breeding season. I think Linnets are nesting on our hillside - perhaps on Arden Rd. June 3. About 7 a.m. I heard a soft whistle which suggested the Pygmy Owl as I have heard Major Brooks invite it. It sounded quite close to my bedroom window (Coast Bay-)

1939. June 3.(Contin) About 9 a.m. we started to Boulder Creek to spend a week. Cool with quite a strong breeze. Birds very abundant - Tanagers singing. Also Black-throated Gray Warbler. The Brown Towhee is still singing - still minus a mate ? June 4. Cool with strong breeze. June 5. Warm - beautiful weather. In Santa Cruz in the afternoon, along the West Cliff Drive we saw 9 Western Gulls, 15 White- winged Scoters, 1 Loon (Com.?), W. Gulls, F. Cormorants, Brandt Cormorants and a Pigeon Guillemot which entered a hole in the cliff where we have seen them each summer. Many Cliff Swallows building on the cliff. We could not find any Brown Pelicans or Neerman Gulls. June 6. Mrs. Wright, Mrs. Gray and Mrs. Nactley Came from Berkeley and ate lunch on our porch. Warm beautiful day. All the birds singing. Cassin Vireo, Wood Pewee, Kite fisher, Tanager etc - About 4 p.m. we went down to Santa Cruz to see the Pigeon Guillemot. He swam just off the point but did not come to the bender. At Mrs. Wright's cottage a W. Flycatcher had a nest on top of a screen which was rolled up at the end of the porch. A (Hutton's Vireo) was singing

June 7. Warner. I met the three ladies at the Santa Cruz Big Trees. Creepers were everywhere - At the entrance there were two Robins searching for food on the ground Possibly a third one. We could hear Piping Munatches in the tops of the trees; also Calif. and Cebanis woodpeckers, Wood Pewee & W. Flycatchers, Warbling & Cassin Vireos (Bicolored) Warbler, Rustic-backed Thrush and Purple Finch. Near the lower end of the grove a Western Winter Wren, perched on the end of a root of a fallen redwood snag and sang. We all had excellent views of him. In the afternoon we counted up the birds that have been listed by the group (Allen Themed) and found that in two years we had 145 species. Karin put out bread for the birds and almost immediately a female Black-headed Grosbeak began coming for it. (This found one of the baby wrens dead under the box) June 8. Quite hot at Breakfast Time so James and I decided it would be a good day to drive to Pescadero to see if there are any shore birds there. The drive over was very pleasant. We turned toward the Shore just before reaching the Town, passed a great cattail marsh, then came out on a bluff planted to artichokes, peas and spinach and overlooking the ocean. We explored the shore in different directions but found no birds except Western Gulls

1939 At Pebble Beach we picked up a number of stones of different colors - they would be useful for mosaic works. Blackbirds were surprisingly scarce. (Lrio, found two more dead baby House - Berkeley) June 9. A Robin went through our garden (Boulder) Quite hot. Busy painting. James building closets in porch. June 18. Ditts during a.m. Drove to Berkeley in afternoon. At Mt. View the only birds seen were three St. Blue Wrens. At Dumbarton Bridge, east end: 39 Anocets, all in full plumage; 15 Caspian Terns; Gulls in two pools - June 11. Berkeley. About ten minutes before seven, I heard the same whistled note > heard on June 3. This time it was answered by a note on a higher pitch. Birds which had been singing earlier all began to sing together vocally and continued until the whistles stopped (Coast Jay) June 12. James heard the calls of baby owls in the nesting box occupied by Screech Owls. June 13. Baby birds in lower box, occupied by House Wrens, Calling - Chilly fog. June 14. Cold, foggy day. Miss Sludding told me that bush wits brought off a second brood from the same nest used for first brood. An Anna Hummer has a nest with baby birds in it at her front door. When the door is opened, it comes within

four niches of the nest. June 15- Cold, foggy- Went to Boulder Creek in the afternoon. Cool, partly cloudy- June 16. Cool wind. Sunshine. (Miss Gledging reported a blizzard at Echo Lake with one inch of snow.) Tanager heard once or twice. Also Black-throated Gray Warbler. Many families on the wing- Junco, Grosbeak, W. Flycatcher, Purple Finch, W. Vireo, Carolina Vireo- James heard with Warbler & Co. Thrush in afternoon. June 17- Returned to Berkeley via Descaders (No.1) and stopped at Pebble Beach to gather pebbles for a mosaic. No shore birds or Heermann Gulls- very few other gulls- Flowers very abundant. June 18. Whistled note recorded on June 3, 1964, given by Coast Jay. June 20. Members of Aud. Assoc. of the Pacific report an Aubriga at Lake Merced. A.O.U. Annual meeting in Berkeley. June 21- A.O.U. Berkeley, Condor Pictures by Pemberton at banquet in evening. June 22. A.O.U. San Francisco (Berkeley Baby owl sits in the hole June 23. Drove to Boulder in afternoon- June 24. At Brown Torber appeared with another (a mate?) No song heard. Songs decreasing. Cool with fog until noon. On the way back to Berkeley we stopped at Mt. View Marsh but found nothing. At the west end of Dunn's Bridge on Keldeer was seen. From the bridge itself several immature gulls-

1939 Alta June 24 (contd.) In the salt pools at the east end we saw 13 adult Avocets; and flying near the Coyote Hills about twenty Caspian Terns could be seen. (Berkeley. Lois watched baby also in Fender box.) June 25. Berkeley. A baby Screech Owl from the Fender box was asleep in the wicker chair on the front porch all the morning. In the afternoon he spent most of the time in the box which holds the Bearcreek pebbles - in the corner of the porch, but one by one three other babies appeared. One perched on the cross piece under the seat of the other chair but later was buddled with a third in the darkest corner of the porch. About five p.m. a fourth one came out of the box and all four buddled together in the corner. When we came back from dinner they were all gone but could be heard during the evening near the house. June 26. We drove up to Alta and spent the night with Mrs. Jump. Cool in the Sacramento Valley. At the ranch the Cherries were ripe and many birds were feeding on them: Band-tailed Pigeons, Robins, Tanagers, Rob. Thrushes. Yellow Warblers were darting in and out among the trees. Mrs. Jump thought the Band-tailed Pigeons were nesting in the fir trees on the hill above the house. Fox & Sparrow Common,

Lake Tahoe and mt. Chickadee - probably about as low as they breed (about 4000ft.). Calif. Purple Finch. No birds June 27. We left Alta about 9 a.m. and drove on to Lake Tahoe. I heard my first Olive- sided Flycatcher just below Blue Canyon. Went to Mrs. Hamlin's Cottage at the north end of Lake Tahoe (4 miles beyond Tahoe City). Beautiful weather. Song Sparrow on Truckee River. June 28: Mrs. Nauvin and I took a short walk from 10-11 a.m. to watch birds. They were especially abundant in the woods along the edge of the willows in a little draw. Among the willows we heard Paleolated & Yellow Warblers, Tolorsi Warblers, Sulphurant Warblers; in the woods Audubon Warblers. Also Olive-sided & Western Wood Pewee, Blue jay; Mt. Chickadee, Red-breasted & Slender-billed Titmouse, Sierra Creeper (song), Rob. Thrush, Robin, R.C. Wrenlet, Warbling Cassin Vireo, Tanager, Cassin Purple Finch, Eastern Yosemite Sparrow, Sierra Junco, Chipping Sparrow, Mt. White-crowned Sparrow, In the afternoon a pair of Green-tailed Tortoises were very fat at the hammock where I was resting and I saw one catch a pine beetle. Juncoes had young in the nest near the garage and Audubon Warblers had young on the wing calling continuously for food. At least two flickers were calling and I watched a Calliope Hummer feeding on Indian Paint brush - the pendulum almost flat and the whistle a burrrr - Back very green

1939 Lake Tahoe June 29. We took a picnic lunch to Rubicon Port, where we hoped to find a Townsend Solitaire but were not successful. Mrs. Fletcher, tells us men had been putting out poison for ground squirrels & chipmunks on her place. The boys told me they were using strychnine. In the evening I saw one adult marmot- with eight young as they boiled out from the Humlin's shove. Heard a night hawk. June 30. Returned to Berkeley. Cloudy and cooler when we left Tahoe and cool in valley. July 1. A Grosbeak was singing near the house in the afternoons. Cold, foggy. July 3. We went to Boulder Creek to stay over the Fourth. When we crossed Drum- Barton Bridge we found the usual Avocets - about thirty of them and located three very tiny young ones floating in the salt pool across the road (N. Most of the adults were on the south side - about half way to the bridge proper). Query, Could the babies float just as easily in fresh water?) We also found about 70 Willets (rising at high tide on a mud bank) - About half on the same islet with 20 Avocets, Nothing at the View March. July 4- Boulder Creek. High fog with some car deviation, all day. Balmy. Lois and I took a short walk, especially to locate some Tanagers I heard. We found them in the upper part of the valley north

of our cottage near the Huntington place. We saw the male several times but did not see a female. Near the cottage a Hutton Vireo was heard repeatedly. It has not been heard earlier in the summer. At dusk a family of birds came in near the river below the cottage whose notes I could not be sure of. No songs but high pitched squeaky Calls notes - probably of the young. July 5. Early (6:45 a.m.) I heard the full song of the Western Wren just below the cottage and a little later the same squeaky notes of young birds. I do not know whether these squeaky notes were uttered by baby Winter Wrens or not. Olive-sided Flycatchers were uttering their pipipip Calls constantly. On July 4 we located Ash-streaked Flycatchers back of the Huntington place, high in the redwoods. In the afternoon we returned to Berkeley and stopped at Mt. Veed Marsh, and were surprised to find many Long-billed Curlews present. They were all some distance from the highway and I could easily re- cognize most of them as Long-billed but there may have been a few Hudsonian. Also about 20 Willets. Left at 3:30 p.m. At Drumbarton Bridge 4 p.m. We saw five small flocks of Sandpipers in flight. Only once did I see a flock (8-10) alight and one was definitely a Redback.

1939 A group of seven N. Phalaropes was seen; Avocets numbered close to 40 and we saw three young, feeding along the shore of a mud dyke, which later floated off on the surface of the water. They were about one third grown, covered with grey down. Another three (floating) were very small and when I got out of the car (trying to see the sandpipers) the adults became very much excited (which frightened the sandpipers away). One Avocet crouched, and dragged its wings, lowered its head and acted as a cat does when preparing to pounce on its prey. The usual Caspian Terns were seen, and also a group of Least Terns (10-12) feeding over a salt pool. Both adults and immatures were seen. We gave the kit-tic call. Also that eye was partly surrounded by white. This in addition to small size made me quite sure they were Least Terns. The tail was just as pictured in Hoffmann. They were apparently picking up insects as they did not plunge into the water. There were about 40 willets with the Avocets (total 80+) July 8. We returned to Sempre Verde on Saturday afternoon and stopped at Drumbaron Bridge and Mt. View Marsh on the way. At the bridge we saw even more Avocets

than before and Willets had increased to about 100. No Phalaropes or Sandpipers seen but Several Forster's Terns were near the roadway. They were larger than the Terns we saw on July 5, the black continued to the bill ex- closing the eye, the bill was reddish and the tail very deeply forked. 20 Willets at W. end of Bridge. At Mt. View we found Curlews still more abundant than on July 5 and about half of them were Hudsonian, half Long-tailed. Those near enough the road to be dis- tinguished must have numbered over 50. About 30 Willets were seen. July 9. We worked all the morning (garden, hall and bath-room). About noon I heard a Tanager. (no Button Vireo or Winter Wren). Kingfishers heard. In the late afternoon we drove out The West Cliff Drive at Santa Cruz. We found Heermann's Gulls at., a long line of Shorebirds off shore (300+), Brown Pelicans (20+), with the Cormorants on the rocks, a few W.W. Seeters &. We watched the Bullock's feeding young in the nests at the point. They brought small, slender fish like Sardines. We heard their calls and could see the scarlet lining of the mouth. July 10. Boulder Creek. I heard a great com- motion among the birds east of the house and saw a Hawk (Cooper's?) fly off. Yester.

1939 day 7 saw our take a bird in Tseemah (back of the garage), At noon heard a Tanager in the distance (toward the Huntington Place). Bird songs much decreased. Beautiful weather. On the way home, at Mt. Vird Marsh, the tide was out to far for best results but we saw many Red & Long-tailed Curlew and Willets. (Also many Riddles) At Drum Bridge Avocets (8 yq. 1/2 grown.) Willets as on July 8. Also Forster's Caspian Terns. Eight Least Sandpipers seen. One of the adult Avocets alighted in the roadway ahead of us when we were driving very slowly, crouched and spread its wings with the head near the ground. He did not leave until we increased our speed. July 14. Berkeley. I heard the whistled call, the "pretty" call and the song of a W. Tanager. The bird was in the trees above Moorewood Rd. July 15. We crossed Dumbarton Bridge on the way to Boulder Creek. There were three White Pelicans flying about. Willets numbered about 150; Avocets with young j u i d beginning to show black tail feathers very abundant (1005). Both Caspian and Forster Terns were numerous and Sandpipers (W-4 Least) had increased, the large majority being Least.

At Mt.-Vnis Marsh the tide was too far out for a comparative count but Willets, Troup-tailed and Hudsonian Curlews were numerous and three Black-bellied Plovers were seen, out in full plumage. Boulder Creek. July 16, 17- I saw the hawks which flew ahead of me as I drove down our roadaway (R.R. track). It looked too large for a Sw. Sh. and quite brown on the back, and wings. I think it must be a Cooper- Hawk. The Nutton Vires is still about and an Ash-throated Flycatcher gave this "Tree-dean" note as he flew through the place. A W.W. Warbler sang just below the cottage again. A family of Vigor's Wrens were near the cottage much of the time and I heard the call-note of a House Wren several times. The Her- mit Thrush was heard in the middle of the day. July 17. At Mt. Vnis Marsh we had to wait nearly an hour for the tide & flood out and then found the birds came in first at the north end of the marsh. Our count in- cluded 3 Bl. Plover (no black), 36 Eg. Curlew, 40 Hudsonian Curlew, 100+ Willets, and about a flock of Sandpipers (sp.?)(7-2 sec) At Drumbar-ton Bridge: Three kinds of Birds: Caspian, 15-20 Forster, Least. Avocets & Willets at July 15. 14 Phal. 15 Least. 6+ 15+ 5 Western Sandpipers.

1939. July 19. Beautiful weather. When we returned from dinner at 7:30 p.m. the birds east of the house were much excited. I found the cause of their excitement was a young Screetch Owl perched on the porch railing. He paid no attention to us while we looked at him from the garden but when we looked out through the dining room window he seemed to see us more clearly and flew away. Probably he was one of the owls raised in the flicker box. July 22. At Dumbarton Bridge the usual Caspian Terns, Avocets, Willets. Also a few Foster Terns - Both Least and Western Sandpipers had increased since last week. No Blackcaps. July 23. At Santa Cruz a Pigeon Guillemot brought a small reddish fish to its nesting hole. Cliff Scruballows decreasing. Neumann Gulls increasing. Cues, Wandering Tattler seen. July 29 Dumbarton Bridge 11:45-12:55 Tide high. [illegible] Grebes, 1 Am. Egret, 56t Willets, 25t Least Sandpipers, 25± W.-Sandpipers, 300± N. Phalaropes; Caspian Terns at., Young Avocets almost grown - heads soft grey, necks dull reddish brown. One Scoter at west end of bridge. Near the Trio Eared Grebes

there was a white bird with a dark bill and a little dark on the back. It fed by lowering the bill so that it skimmies the surface of the water. The neck seemed a little shorter and the head sleeker than the grebes. It was approximately the size of the grebes and until I looked through the glasses it looked all white. It was near the farther side of the large salt pool north of the roadway - the last one as we approached the bridge. (Albino Tared Grebe) After concluding with the C.D. Lewis in Palo Alto we went to the Mt. View March 38th The Tide was right for observations. This estimate of birds seen was: B.B. Plover 100 - many in full plumage. Semi-paluated Plover - 2 - near the highway Long-tailed Curlews 50t, Hudsonian Curlews 40t, Willets 180t; Lesser Yellowlegs 31, Godwits 40t; Dovetiters 10t; Least Sandpipers a few, W. Sandpipers a few. The birds seemed wider than they do in midwinter and do not come as close to the highway. July 30. As we drove down our R.R. track entrance a male Swail with 6 very tiny young were on the road. We had to wait until he could lead them off which he seemed in no hurry to do until one of us got out of the car. Then he led the little ones into the grass at the side. They looked about 1 1/2 in long.

1939 July 30 (contin.) At Santa Cruz 3-4 p.m.; 2 Loons (Common?) large, bills light. 1 Hudsonian Curlew, 8 Tattlers, 6 Black Turnstones, Heermann Gulls ab. July 31. Boulder Creek. While I was gardening I heard sharp shrill calls of young birds. I finally located them perched on a dead branch of a large tree up on the skyline of the slopes of Ben Lomond Mt. I think from their grey color and proportions they were Cooper Hawks. Lois saw an adult flying and said the tail was long, wings short, broad. She did not see the young birds but they stopped calling. On the way home we stopped at Mt. Vird Marsh. The tide was still high but since it was 4.8 there was some mud exposed. 130. Plover 40+, Longb. Curlew, a few; Hudsonian 8+ Willets 40+ At Dumbarton Bridge we could not find the white bird or the Grebes - Phalaropes 500-600 - Caspian Terns 30+ Least Terns 30+; L. Sandpipers a few, W. Sandpipers a few; White Pelicans 60+ Willets 200+ - closely packed on a dyke, Arocelos 68-100 - young abundant. A great aggregation of Barn Swallows (300+) were flying along the edge of the highway and whistling on the edges of the

salt pool (south side of highway) Some Cliff Swallows too. In one place a group of about 40 Phalaropes were standing on a spit and several of them were larger than the Northern, showed no red, backs grey with no contrasting streaks, bills heavier than N. Possibly imm. Red Phalarope. The Pelicans were lined up along the R.R. embankment to the south. Aug. 6. Boulder Creek. Fog until about noon. The young Cooper Hawk was calling from the same branch where he was perched last week. I heard a W.W. Wren. Very few bird calls. Aug. 7. Returned to Berkeley via Drum Bridge. Tide coming in at Mt. V. Marsh and mud exposed was dry and gleyy. Very few birds seen. - a few Willets, one Lb. Curlew, a flock of Killdeer and several Caspian Terns. willets 100+ At Dumbarton Bridge: Avocets 100+, Least Sandpipers 50 possibly- one to four at a time (no other kinds); 40 Phalaropes 100+ almost all in winter plumage (imm.) One bird asleep on a rock was a female in full plumage. W. Pelicans - two groups of about 50 each. Caspian and Forster's Terns. I saw the white bird of July 29, nearer the road. It must be an albino [illegible] grebe or [illegible]

1939. The Barn Swallows were present in even greater numbers than on July 31 and 25 to 50 of them alighted on the roadway in front of us. I am quite sure they were feeding on the salt pool flies. There were 100+ on the mud banks at the side of the road, also. The young birds showed quite a light rusty spot on the forehead. They had some difficulty balancing themselves on the roadway, also in walking a few steps. Aug. 10. A Kingfisher flew past the house (Bertie). Aug. 12. Dunbarnton Bridge: White Pelicans 50-75; Farallon Cormorant 1; Caspian Terns 20+; Forster's (perched on a small island) - 56+ Willets 100-150; Avocets 200+; M. Phal. 1000+ Least Sandpipers 40+; Cliff Swallows 300+; Barn Swallows 300+; Caley Gulls < . Heard a Robin at Boulder Creek. Aug. 13. Santa Cruz 4-4:30 p.m. " " A great increase in miniature gulls, esp. Western and Neewaunee. Mature Caley. Gulls increasing. Patters 2; Black Tern 15+; Sandpiper 100+; Brown Pelicans 50+. No Guillemots or Cliff Swallows at Shellmont Pt. Aug. 14. While we were eating breakfast on the porch at Sempre Verde a Tanager gave its "pre-tty" call several times; also its whistle. No calls of Cooper Hawks and none perched on the tree where they have been the past two weeks. Birds very scarce.

1939. Boulder Creek. Aug. 19-22. Cool with a shower in the early morning Aug. 20. Each evening about 7 p.m. a Water Ouzel came in with a rattle, sang two or three times then went to roost on the little island just below the house. Aug. 21. Santa Cruz. 4:30-5:30 p.m. Tide high. Sandpipers - 100+. Most of them in a tight bunch asleep. A few feeding. Tattler 1; Black Turnstones 20+. Heermann Gulls (Black heads), Brown Pelicans, Cormorants; Gulllets - inside the bay - 2 plus in and three (dull colored) in holes in cliff. Cliff Swallows - only four seen on the cliffs just above the ocean above Bardelton's Nursery I saw a group of Sparrows, marked something like song sparrows (less buff) but with outer tail feathers white. They must have been ✓ Vesper Sparrows. They stayed on the terrace immediately above the water in the sparse vegetation. The call note was a [illegible] tseeep. Aug. 22. At Mt. View Marshes the tide was just coming in - Not many birds: Long-billed Curlew 10+; Hudsonian 8+, two with very pink underparts. Br. Plover 30+; Willet 30+. Dowitchers 3. Caspian Terns 2, Dumbarton Bridge: N. Phal. 700+; Avocets 60-80. Willet 40+; Caspian & Fork-tailed Swallows 7. (Contin)

1939 Aug.22. Dumbarton Bridge (cont.) Gulls (Calif) increasing; White Pelicans 100+; Am. Egrets 3. Aug.23. Berkeley. Nears a Tanager at 6:30 a.m. Aug. 25. Nears a Kingfisher east of house. Aug. 27. Boulder Creek. Hilton Vires most conspicuous bird. Bynx Whistlatches at Caujgjoy- Birds very quiet. Aug.28. Berkeley About 9 p.m. a series of loud call notes gmin with the regularity of a clock were heard. Luis took a flash light and followed the sound to Canyon Road where she found a female duck under an Elderberry. It stopped calling and disappeared under the bushes. Aug.31. At dawn 5:30 when the Song Spar- row was giving its first songs a flock of quail was practicing the three - rylaved calls. There were many different qualities - some full and round like the notes of an old cock; some harsh - perhaps of youngsters of this years broods. Sept. 2. Dumbarton Bridge 11-11:38 a.m. Warms, Black Turnstones 15; Least Sand- pipers (not abundant): Hudsonian Curlew 4; Willets (not abundant); Greater Yellowlegs 8 (first this fall); Avocets 30'm one group resting; N. Phalaropes 1000's.

Mixed in with the Phalaropes in the last Salt pool north of the approach to the bridge were about 40 Eared Grebes, scattered. The first ducks seen this year - about 60 Pintails. Terns were still numerous, but all at a distance - probably Caspian and Forsters. One or two Am. Egrets were seen. White Pelicans numbered about 300-400 and Cormorants were resting on the same lype. Five Clappers Rails (W. of bridge), two Marsh Harts, Two Homed Larks and a very few Swallows (Cliff) were noticed. Sept. 3. Boulder Creek. Kingfishers were very noisy as they circled about, three in group. Nuttall's Woodpecker singing. Russet-backed Thrush, Vagans Wren, Chickadees, both Towhees. A Thrasher singing in the distance. Calif. Woodpeckers, which have hardly been noticed on this place during the summer were conspicuous. At 4 p.m., we drove along the West Cliff Drive in Santa Cruz. Tide high. Many men fishing. Sanderling (300+) perched upon the cliffs cut off from the shore. Turnstones (Black) - one flock of thirty and many more scattered. Two Loons (Pacific - bills light above - almost yellow). Two or Three Tattlers. (Nuttall's Wren yet.) Three Phalaropes in the surf. No Gull-billed Swallows.

(Sept. 4? A Poor Will called repeatedly for an hour or more.) 1939 Sept. 4-9. Beautiful weather. Birds very quiet. Sept. 9. We drove to Boulder Creek after 4 p.m. Sept. 10. Returned to Berkeley via Palo Alto. At Mountain View Marsh we ate a picnic lunch while we watched the birds at the turn of the tide. They are increasingly abundant. Black-bellied Plover - a very few in gull plumage, some in mixed plumage, many in winter plumage. Probably the most abundant species. 200+ (near highway) Long-billed Curlew - more ab. than Hudsonian 15+ - many more farther out, no doubt. Willets - next to Bl. Plover in abundance. 100+ (No yellowlegs seen) Least Sandpiper - no large flock movements but many small groups. Long-billed Dowitcher 20-30 - in one area. W. Sandpiper - very few Godwits - 20+ Pintails - 6-8. eclipse plumage. At Dumbarton Bridge - west end - tide out Sandpipers, plover, willets - no stop. East end: Gulls - California - adults 60+ Terns - Caspian possibly Forster's also in one area near Coyote Hills. W. Belding - 300+ - some near, most in distance near R.R. bridge. (No land birds, no swallows)

Willet - one group 40? in shallow salt pool. Least Sandpipers - a few. Avocets - one mud bar covered with them - 40-50. N. Phalaropes - 1000? Several flocks of pintails - Total about 40. Sept. 12 Berkeley. A Cooper Hawk flew over the bird table and up to the road under the trees. The first one seen this fall. Sept. 13. A half inch of rain fell during the morning. Clearing in afternoon. Heard Great-horned Owl during the night- at first far away, then very close. Screetch Owls heard later. Warblers - a group, probably Yellow Warblers in the trees on Durant Ave. Below Telegraph. Afternoon - Brown Towhees eating termites on Woodwood Road. Sept. 14. Beautiful day. The Red Squirrel appeared in the oak next the garage and went quickly from tree to tree until it reached the house - then up to ridge of the front gable, on up to ridge of the main roof and over to the north side. Coast jays are about the house most of the time, often giving the ristail call. One comes to the table for food. Sept. 15. A thrasher came to the table for food.

1939. Sept.16. We took Miss Gladding and Miss Alter- bery to Boulder Creek and stopped at Dumbarton Bridge to look at the birds. Quite hot. (85° in San Francisco). No wind. Brown Pelican - 1 White Pelican - about 600. Cormorants - many grouped with Pelicans. American Squirrels - measuring - Painted Ducks - 40+ in eclipse plumage. Clapper Rails, about six near bridge. Bld. Plover - a few on a dyke - 15-20. Black Turnstones - in unusual numbers, about 30. Willetts - 200+ - many asleep on dyke - (Tide coming in.) Least Sandpipers - one flock 50-100, also small groups. Avocets - One group asleep - 100+ N. Phalaropes - 1000+. Caspian Terns } Forster Terns } In distance 40t. Bryant Sparrows - several, very yellow about head. Godwits - 2 Long-tailed Curlew - a few. Sept. 17. Boulder Creek. A flock of Pinyon Nutchatches were eating seeds from the cones at the top of the Douglas Firs. Apparently they look them across to the large redwoods and wicked them into the cracks. Chickadees feeding in the same firs. A Water Quail fed at the edge of the stream

across from the dam as long as Miss G.T Miss A. watched . It entered the water also. Rather hot . Sept.18. A small flock of Cedar Waxwings - flew out of the deciduous trees across Mosswood Rd. Sept/19. Hot - no breeze Sept.21. Still very hot, day and night . Six of the Lady Birds went to Boulder Creek by way of Dimubanton Bridge : No grebes ; White Pelicans about 60s. (as we neared the bridge a train crossed over the bridge and hundreds of pelicans were in the air. By the time we reached the stop near the quarry they had settled.) Cormorants, many (100+) perched among the pelicans . Other birds seen American Egrets 40+ ; Coots 20+ in eclipse plumage. Clapper Rails 5; Bk. Plover 40+; Bent's palmetto Clover 1, Killdeer several; Godwits, very few, Walleys 100+ ; St. Yellowlegs, 5 together west of bridge. Avocets 5-8 in one bunch (near pelicans & egrets) ; N. Phalaropes 300+ , Ring-billed Tulls 100s resting. Calif. Gulls a few; Terms, a few Forsters, In the late afternoon we went to Santa Cruz where we saw about 6 Black Turnstones, and more than 100 Sanderlings - one group feeding ( tide very high) , one asleep on cliff near Gulls. Many Neermann's Western Gulls. Night cooler than in Berkeley.

1939. Sept.22. 98° at Gas Station at Boulder Creek at 9a.m. Went up probably over 100° during the day. At Sempre Verde we saw Towhees, Warblers, Chickadees, Pygmy Nuthatches, R.b. Thrush, Dark-eyed Juncos and heard Pretty Golden-crowned Kinglets & Creepers. Later we walked through the Santa Cruz Big Trees - very hot - fire in Gaysault Canyon. Excellent views of W. Winter Creeper, Creepers, Golden-crowned Kinglets, Cali. Wood- peckers, Pygmy Nuthatches at: but very high in trees. Sept.23, Boulder Creek - Sempre Verde - a Robin: J.T.A. & D drove to Carmel. At Moss Landing - Gulls most abundant- in great masses on sand spits and shores. Pied-billed Grebes - 3, Eared G. 1, W.Grebe 1, (no time flying) Willets 100+, Yellowlegs (St.) 1, a few Blue- bills, N. Phalaropes (in creek pool only - 40+) H.Barnes Long-t. Curlew 1, Godwits a few. At Carmel: Mrs. Blewitt's Cottage. At the feeding table! Thrasher, Chickadees, Pygmy Nuthatches (5), Song Sparrow, The Nut- chatches came repeatedly even when Mr.B. stood within 4 ft. of the table. Always took water. Mr.B. says they bathe by flicking water with the tail. Chickadees do not bathe. Hutton's Vireo, Metall Sp. and 40. Goldfinch spear by. (Nonmigrating Crowned Sp.

At the five acres near Monterey Bluebirds were heard, Harris Woodpecker. Saw Buzzard. Along highway: Redtail, Sparrow Hawks, Shrikes, Linnetts, Brewer Blackbirds, Meadow Larks, Crows. Very hot at Carmel. Sept. 24. A little cooler - cloudy at B.C. Berkeley - " " " (Tanager & Sulcent) warblers in garden. Sept. 25. Cloudy with some rain. A Bright. 2d. Sparrow sing at Talmel pais Sept. 26. Clear, cool. The Allen Hummer Group took their first fall trip to Vallejo. We went first to the reservoir. When we stopped we found on the electric wire a Lark, Sparrow; their bird or three more in the aside which was covered with seeds. Also a large flock of Buget - Sand White cranes - all singing. In this water there were hundreds of Coots and Pintail Ducks, some Paddies and Wallards. One Ann Egret, 2 Lt Blue Herons, 1 Grebe (Eared or Pied killed - very far away). A Black Throble, one Sarennual Sparrow, two Greater Yellowlegs and several Killdeer were seen. A very few Least Sandpipers. We drove back to Vallejo and across the Sean Pt. Cut-off but the road was being repaired and no place to stop as we could see little. Birds were not abundant: a few White Pelicans, a few Ann-Egrets, two or three Willets, one Crocet. So we went on toward San Rafael. On a side road we found a place to lunch under oak Trees. While there we saw Flickers, a Harry

1939 Woodpecker, a small group of Celi Woodpeckers, a Black Phoebe and a Western Flycatcher. Catyps, A Titmouse, several Turkey Buzzards, Bush-tits, Lemmits, Buget Sd. Sparrows. Along the highway there were Horned Larks, and several Sparrow Harker Buzzard juncos in San Rafael. At a shop near the San Rafael Ferry there were Bb. Clover (3), Willets (12+), Yoderits (6-8), and Gulls. Only gulls on the bay except on the rocks near the Preliminary landing where there were Cormorants, prinatals and possibly some shore birds. We came into Berkeley by the Bay Shore and stopped at the marshy pool at Ashley Ave where we watched N. Phalaropes. On the bird island farther north there were three Brown Pelicans, 1 Am. Egret, and several Bonaparte Gulls. One Far. Cormorant was fishing Total: 43 species. Sept. 27. Sunny, pleasant. Many evidences of migrating birds. Heard a Red-breasted Nutatch; a group of tanagers; noticed first the soft whistled notes, later the "pret-ty" call. Warblers came to bathe (busy at the Telephone). At sunset a sharp note like that of Fox Sparrow when he goes to roost. Boregen Creek Oct. 1. Rained last night. A Water Lenzel sang for some time below the cottage. Warblers about; not sounded like Townsend - Many Buget-Sd. Sparrows on way to Berkeley, esp. San Leandro N.

Oct.2. Cooler. N.W. breeze. Beautiful after rain. Thasher singing. Rain in afternoon. Oct.3. Allen Hummer Group went to Edsonance Park. Beautiful after rain. Per.Bes: Dried, Picker Caly & Coast Jay, Titmouse, Bush Tits, Wrait (singing) Robin Vigoro Wren, Lug Sparrow, Calif. Purple Finch, Shrew, B.Goldfinch, Pine Siskin, Spotted & Brown Towhee, Song Sparrow. Summer visitors (migrating through) Western Flycatcher, Flycatcher(sp.?)- soft gray, no eye ring, light bars in wing (no median line). Pileated Warbler. Winter Visitors; Towhead Warbler (small groups) came without Black Throat), A Fugit S.S. Sparrow, Taubel Sparrow (2 seen in Lebmann Garden) Total 25 sp. Not seen or heard: Russet d. Thrush, Hermit Thrush, R.C Kinglet, Fox Sparrow, G.c. Sparrow. On the afternoons I heard G.c. Sparrows singing in Strawberry Canyon. Mrs.Thompson who lives in North Berkeley (Cragmont) said she saw both: Fox Sp.+ Gc. Sparrow three days ago. Oct.7. Dumbarton Bridge: While Pelicans 600t, Egrets ? (no stop), Willets and Bb. Clover, Bundled on a dyke 300t; N. Phalaropes 400t; Pintail Ducks 50t, some full plumage (not eclipse); Sandpipers mainly Least.- increasing but no large flocks; Eared Grebes 200t, very near the roadway in the last pool to north before reaching the bridge. Among the first ones seen was the albino seen first July 29 and again on Aug.7. This time

1939 (all white except for slight gray shadings at head back it was within 100 ft. and through 8x binoculars I could see the rosy eye. It is undoubtedly an Eared Grebe in spite of the early date when it was first seen. Bipits (100S) were very abundant. At Mt. View Marsh the Tides was Too far out for really good observations but I saw about 50 R.C. Clover (no calls), Killdeer-(ab.r. noisy), Willets 100+ (quiet), Longbilled Curlew 30+ (one called cur-leew, an other when it flew pi-wi-wi-rhee). Only one Hendersonian Curlew seen. Godwits 3, Dowitchers 15+, Least Sandpipers 50+; W. Sandpipers 10+. Oct.8. At Boulder Creek warm sunny day after a chilly night: Hermit Thrush (at least hirs), Golden-crowned Kinglets; one Ruby-crowned Kinglet heard only once. Golden crowned Sparrows heard in the distance. Flocks of quincoos along the roadway over the mountain. On the way home many flocks of Brugetensis, increasing as we neared Clapland. (On Saratoga Grade. Indistinct) Swifts so we stopped to look at them. They were Vaux Swifts and I counted six at one time. I think there were many more. Oct.9. Berkeley. At dawn a Hermit Thrush was calling under my window. A little later a Fox Sparrow sang repeatedly. Ric Kinglet Oct.10. I picked up a dead Fox Sparrow in the Street just in front of our entrance. A slight

injury near the ear - probably struck a wire. Auto wire on it (wound). Faculty Section on the Lower Campus saw: Anna Hummingbird, Flicker, Cakjay, Bulbuls, Hermit Thrush, B.C. Knight, Sutocut, Yellow, Torn- sand and Audubon Warbler, Linnet, Purple Finch (singing) St. Goldfinch (singing), Fox Sparrow, Brown Towhee, Spotted Towhee, Junco. Mital Sparrow, Y.C. Sparrows, Soughs. Winter visitors not abundant yet. Cyclo - Fog in Bay Region (Oct. 14.) Birds very abundant along the highway- Great flocks of Blackbirds, Linnets, Crowed Sparrows etc. Hawks increased, exp. Sparrow Hawks. At Dumbarton Bridge- great abundance of Egrets, even alighting in the road to feed. Pelicans (White) were not seen in the usual places toward the S.P.B.R., but grouped in one pool near the bridge- about 400 of them, and with them many 4t Blue and Black or Night Herons and Am. Egrets 100 - their last scattered about also. Eared Grebes 400+ in the last pool N. Dr a group of three faintest ear in the pool. The Albino Eared Grebe, very close to the road (50 ft.±). Saw it dive. No Chalaropes. B.B. Clover a few, Willets at., Pintails<, Puddy Ducks 2, Sandpipers : in proportion of 6 Redbacks, 12 Western, 21 Heart. Not in great numbers. (2005 altogether.) Mt-View Marsh. Tide coming in. 11-11:10 a.m. No Yellow, Mudstill damp, joggly. Many birds scattered. Lago. B.B. Clover 100±; Killdeer 40±; Lpbr Curlew 36, Mud.2.; Willets 108. No sandpipers, gadiots, dunlins were sighted. To Boulder Bay 10:42-11:00 a.m.

1939 Oct. 15, 16. Audubon Warblers very abundant in the oak trees near the house. Oct. 17. Allen Hammer Group went to Filden Park and San Pablo Reservoir. High fog all the morning. Along the trail to the caves birds were very scarce where on way! they were as abundant. Very little water in the stream - more running only tiny pools. Both Coast and Calif. guys were abundant in oak regions, gathering around. With the exception of Audubon Warblers which were abundant at the lower falls and juncoes which were probably the most ab. species everywhere other species were limited to one or two individuals. At the first stop we were surprised to see a Lawrence Goldquich. Other species seen: heard: Flicker, Wrentit, Vigor's Wren, R.C. Kinglet, Hermit Thrush, Robin (one only), Townsend Warbler (1), Fox Sp. Brown- & Spotted Towhee- Song Sparrows. A few swallows flew over. Also three White Bel- licano in flight. We drove across the Wildcat Canyon Rd. to San Pablo Reservoir. Along this way we saw many Redtails, some W. Bluebirds and Audubon Warblers and juncoes. We hunched among oaks on the hillside near the end of the road where Calif. Woodpeckers were active, stoning acorns in a dead White Oak. We saw two Nuttall wood- peckers, and a Shrike, R.C. Kinglet, Titmouse and Towhees. Near the Reservoir there were flocks of Buegenensis, one Willow Goldfinch, a Shrike

3 Sparrow Hawks, Meadowlarks, Br. Blackbirds, a Black Phoebe, Sparrow and one Cooper Hawk. On the water were seen; one Eared Grebe, several Pied-Willed 4. Cormorants (one on each of a dozen posts); An Egret 3; Blue Heron 2; Mule Deer 8-10; Willets 3; Sandpipers (op?) 25+; Pintails 400+; Sniguetes 20-40; Ruddy 2, Baldpates 20+. Total 44 sp. Oct. 19. Heard Kuffielder in direction of Swimming Pool. In Kennington I saw a flock of about 15 Ducks flying about. Saw them several times at intervals. Not far from Aerating Plant; also Spence St. Rec. Many H-C Sparrows singing below me. Several Fox Sparrows near pool. Songs heard. Oct. 21 Dumbarton Bridge. High tide 7:38 4.8 10 a.m. Pelicans? move toward the P.R. but about 100 in pool where they were last week. Eared Grebes <400+. Albinos seem picking things from the surface of the water. Very pretty. Avocets< in squadrons about 500, resting in the salt pool. No Phalaropes. Very few Sandpipers Willets & Br. Plover as usual; Pintails < many on a dyke, many in the salt pools, many more to the south too far to identify Spirits> still very ab., feeding on the roadway. Mr. View Marsh. Tide 4.8 is a little too low for best observations because there is so much mud exposed even at high

1939 Tide. Many birds but scattered and distant. Bb. Plover and Willets ab. as heretofore, Lt. Curlew about 50 near enough for definite Cation; Hudsonian only 6. Godwits < (40+); St. Yellows 1, gave call of four notes; Dowitchers < 30+; Least Sandpipers<; West- ern very few; Redbacks < but not ab. Avoets 50+. "Very rare" Indian Runner Oct. 22. Boulder Creek. Juncos, Clarkadears, Purple Finch (singing solo voice), Hermit Thrush, Kingfisher, Golden-crowned Kinglets, Pygmy Nuthatches, one Hutton's Vireo. Very narrow. Santa Clara Valley. Driving home a noticeable decrease in migrating White-crowned Sparrows. No G.C. Sparrows heard, though. They have been singing constantly in Strand- berry Canyon the past week. Oct. 25. Mrs. Launces and I went to Golden Park, hoping to find a Rock Wren she reported as their last Saturday (Oct. 21). We did not find it. Abundant birds there were Aud. War, Juncos, Willow Goldfinches, Kinglets, Cally and Coast Jays. Black Phoebes (2), Titmouses, Anna Hummingbird were seen also. On the Wildcat Canyon road to San Pablo Dam, many Redtails; Meadowlarks (flock of 15), flocks of Tringaeus, Golden-co. Sparrows. Near the Reservoir two Bay Phoebes were balancing on the reeds or hovering just above the tips of the reeds. Also Shrike.

Sparrow Hawk (very dull color, no grey), Calif. Woodpecker, Wren. W. Virgin Wren, more Aus. Warblers. Brown and Spotted Towhees. (On the water Bandtails (100s) Baldpates, Ruddies(a few), 4 Lesser Scaup, Costs, Farellow Cormorants, 1t. Blue Heron, several Ann. Egrets, Eared Grebes (a few) 2lt. Yellowlers, Killdeer, Sandpipers. Clear N.W. wind, Cool. Dwail. G.C. Knight's Pipits 37 species Oct. 28. Santa Cruz. W. Cliff Drive. Birds very ab. Tide very low - as low as I have ever seen it there. (Low -0.1- about 4:28 p.m.) Brom Pelicans, Far. Cormorants, 1 Heermann Gulls, Western Grebes all very numerous - (in the sea-weed beach where we usually find Bandersnatch, they were esp. ab., 500+ and about 24 Black Turnstones (probably wok for they watch the seaweed as exactly it is difficult to see them). Very warm. Oct. 29. Boulder Creek. Heard Varied Thrushes, first time this winter. W-W Wren below cottage. Beautiful weather. Berkeley quite hot at 4:30 p.m. Nov. 1. Berkeley. Heard a Red-breasted Nuthatch in the pines above Monwood Rd. Nov. 7. Warm all the past week. Many Fox Sparrows come to the table and to the pool.

Nov.11. Warm. Clean. Tide 6.3 - High 10:45 a.m. Dunubarton Bridge 2:43 p.m. Bonaparte Gulls - 1000s {Avocets 400+ together in pool, resting, {Willetts 100+ W. Pelicans - 300+ in pool south of roadway. Eared Grebes - 400+ last pool m. next bridge (mixed with B. Gulls) Prinails - a few- Redbacked Sandpipers - not many - but outnumbered other kinds - Mt. View Marsh. 3 p.m. Tide right for best observations. Birds abundant. Bonaparte Gulls - many - Avocets - a few. Prinails - a few Kielder ab. B.B. Clover very ab. Hudsonian Curlews - 100+ Long-billed Curlews - 50+ Willetts - ab. St. Yellowlegs- 2 (near by) Lesser .. 1 - thrushes, light, higher pitched than St. Y. Last Sandpiper - many. W. Sandpiper - very few Redbacked - 30+ near highway Dovewiters - 50-60 " Godwit 2. At Saratoga Gap a large flock of Robins was flying over the summit southward. (to roost?) 4:45 p.m.

1939. Nov. 12 Boulder Creek. Partly Cloudy. Warm. Heard Warblings. Purple Finch came to much- room pool for water. R.C.Knight's at. Nov. 14. Faculty Group went to Aquatic Park (Berkeley) Warm, clear. Bonaparte Gulls - 100s - height of migration. Red-backed Sandpipers 100s - on island and in tidal pool south of Ashby Ave.. Least Sandpipers - many. W. Sandpipers - not many - total. Perhaps 1000 Sandpipers altogether - proportion Reds 690, Least 350, W. 100 about. Sanderling 100+ Eared Grebe 3, Coot 3.4, Loon (sp.? ) 1, Br. Pelicans 2, Far. Cormorants 15+; Mallard 1 female, Lesser Scaup 1 female, Am. Golden-eye - 2 female or in.- Puddy 100+ Coots 2, Muledeer 15+; W. Gulls, Hermann 1, Calif. G. a few, Rieg-bills a few, Glancous wq-1 immature (on pools). Forster Term 1, Anna Humming 18', Befits 12+; Br. Black- birds a few, Eng. Sparrows (near K.R.E), Linnets, Savannah Sparrows, White-cr. Sparrows, 29 ap. Nov. 15. Still Indian Summer - but with early morning fog. And Warblers down to win- ter numbers - also other winter visitants. (Nov. 12. Brought a sunflower head from Boulder Creek and put it on the feeding table Nov. 16 A titmouse took seeds from The Sunflower Nov. 17. Alls the seeds gone from sunflower. over

1939. Nov. 17. In the afternoon the Allen Drummer Group went to Lake Merritt and Aquatic Park - Lake Merritt at the Bergola during ducks were not abundant - Canvas backs 100-200; Ruddies 60+; Blue bills a few; Redhead; Also some Pintails and Baldpates. Eared Grebes numerous; Pied billed Grebes 2; Bonaparte's Tulls Ring-bills 100+; At the fresh water pools ducks were much more abundant than I expected for San Carlos. Then at this time of year. But as the hunting season opened on Oct. 22 perhaps they have come in earlier on that account - Pintails, Bald- pates with a few Mallards entirely filled the pen and waited nearby an hour for the feeding. (I passed this spot at 3 p.m. and found it will filled and when we returned at 3:30 they were still waiting.) Pigeons and English Sparrows were reduced in numbers. One egret had an English Sparrow in his beak, holding it as if it were a frog. A man near us told us he saw the egret pick up the bird in the pool. Unfortunately we lost sight of the Egret an instant as it went behind a stake and when it appeared on the other side the bird was gone. A lump on the throat suggested he had swallowed it but we could not be sure. One Brewer Blackbird was a partial albino. Coots were perhaps less abundant than usual. At the Aquatic Park N.R.E. Station, high tide- about 5- Red backed Sandpipers were asleep in a tight bunch - A few least also - Six Killdeer.

Pipits. Bonaparte Gulls - not so many as on Nov. 14 but still ab. On the large pool to the north many Puddy Ducks, a few Cormorants. At the island more Dard- pipers (Ps backst & L.) also Sanderling (6) in a bunch one in: Golden-eye One Bluebill, About 20 Eared Grebes, W. Gulls, come in. Glanceous-wings, more Bonapartes and one Forster Term. Several flocks of Sandpipers flaw over the pools, one of them very large. Weather still warm - Indian Summer - As we left we noticed a Pipit flying against the shining metals of our automobile wheel where he could see his image. He did it repeatedly - Nov. 18. Still warm, clear, Dumbarton Bridge (buried): Eared Grebes 400t, (1 albino (very close to road)). Bonaparte Gulls still ab. but only 1/3 of last week. Yellowlegs - 2 at W. end of bridge. {Willets 200t {Avocets 50t - much reduced } buried together. Pipits decreasing but still ab. Sandpipers - not many seen. Mt. View Marsh. Tide out too far. Mud all exposed, Birds scattered and largest numbers far from highway. Near the highway Bob Flower were present in largest numbers. Long-tailed Curlew more numerous than Hudsonian, Willets de- creasing but still ab. 4 Godwits 6; Dovetiters few; Red-backed Sandpipers abundant - Western ab. (first time this fall), Least decreasing -

1939 Nov. 18 (contin.) While I was watching, suddenly great flocks began to rise farther out and fly about excitedly because a Duck Hawk flew over - 18 Curlew arose from a single small area and many others from different parts of the marsh - There must have been a total of two thousand birds. Noticed a Clapper Rail outside the fence and many Savannah Sparrows. At Boulder Creek: Madrone berries red, Cedar Way- Wings, Robin (heard), Hermit Thrushes, Chickadees, Hutton Vireo (singing softly), Winter Wren calling, R-c (Kuglet). We started back to Berkeley about 4 p.m. and as we crossed Saratoga Gap, about the same time as last week, again a flock of Robins was crossing the summit from the Saratoga side (shaded) to the sunny side. Nov. 19. Warm, Clear. A Townsend Warbler feeding in oats near living-room window at noon. Nov. 21. Warm, Clear. Heard a W.W. Wren, below house. Quail very abundant and tame. Killdeer on the Campus. Nov. 23. About seven o'clock I heard the "kek- kek-kek" of a Cooper Hawk near my window. I got up and approached the window but heard the whistle of its wings before I could locate it. Perhaps he was on the roof.

Nov.24,1939. I heard a Kniqfisher below the house. Nor.25,1939. Rain - first since Sept.13. Miss Gladling came back from Echo Lake. Flickers, Snooping there. She saw Chickadees, Clark's Crow,1 flock of Townsend Solitaires (among juniper trees). Gulls came to Stadium (immediately after rain) Nov.28,1939. The "Allen Hummers" walked up Strawberry Canyon from the Stadium, and returned by the road (trail) on the south side (slady). Winter birds are not so abundant as earlier in the month: Strangely enough we saw and heard no quail - they must all be in my garden. Redtail 1 soaring; Flicker, several; Black Phoebe. (1); Coast Jay several, Cali, Jay alb., Titmouse 4 heard; Bushtit- two large flocks; Wren-tit (singing) per- haps in six places; Vireo Vireo- two heard; B.c. Warbler, 6-8, one song; Audubon Warbler, 2 flocks; Townsend Warbler several in one place where birds were apparently eating cut worms in the oats; Hermit Thrush only one heard - near the Stadium. Fox Sparrow - one seen, others heard; Junco two or three groups, feeding on cut worms; Begat & Sparrows- eating bayon berries near Stadium, singing B.c Sparrows - in most of the aggregations, feeding in pairs. Brown & Spotted Farkes, Song Sparrow (4).

1939 Nov. 29. I looked out my window when I got up and counted five Fox Sparrows. Later a number of G.C Sparrows came to bathe. Dec. #, I brought home from Boulder Creek a very large Sunflower head which I put on the bird table about 8 a.m. By noon almost all the seeds were gone. Dec. 5. Last trip of "Allegheniummers" - to Drumbarton Bridge and Mt View marsh. Cloudy with a little rain. Drumbarton Bridge: 400+ Eared Grebe, the albino near the center of a very large group (200+) American Egrets & also near Alvarado Bonsaparte Tulls - 40+ Willet 200+ I bunched Arreets 300+ Red-backed Sandpipers - a few (Roddy) Tibits - many but decreased. Short-eared Owl. Mt. View Marsh, Tide right. Black Turnstone 1. Rb. Plover - many - decreasing . Lb. Curlew - decreasing 6+ Hudsonian - 8-10. Godwits 20+ (No Ducks) Dartellers - very abr. 100-200. Redb. W-T L. Sandpipers -abt. St. Yellowlegs 2. Arreets 2, Rails 3.

Along the way L.H. counted 21 Sparrow Hawks. Pipits in outdoor theater at Stamford. Also Calif. Woodpeckering, Titmouse, Robins, Shrikes, And Warblers, Gambel Sparrows. G.b. Goldfinches. Dec. 9, 10. Rain. Warm. Dec. 12. Codornices Park. Faculty Group. Clear. Cool. The first bird we saw was a Varied Thrush, immature, perched in a willow near the stream. It was perfectly motionless. and allowed me to go to the base of the Tree before it flew into a lotion nearby. A Ruby-crowned Kinglet was near by and one Audubon Warbler. We walked some distance up stream before we found another bird. Then we Came upon a flock of Brush Tits and near their R.c. Kinglets, Brown and Sp. Titmice, Song Sparrows (singing), Wren-Tit, and G.c. and Gambel (not pug) Sparrows Singing. The Gambel song: On the Trail across the stream we came upon a group of Golden-crowned Kinglets. Going on up stream we came to large groups of Crowned Sparrows and saw Two Fox Sparrows. Also a flock of Siskins. As we walked up Tamalpais Rd there were more Crowned Sparrows, one English Sparrow, and in the brush trees two G.b. Goldfinches were eating seeds of Birch. Heard an Anna Hummer. (over)

As we returned to the Greene Caves There were many Anderson Warblers and Birds. 19 species. Esp. Varied Thrush, G.c. Kinglets. Dec. 13: I heard a Grackle in the brush across Mosswood Rd. It called several times. Clear, Air crisp. Warm in the sunshine. Dec. 16: We drove to Boulder Creek and back. We stopped at Mt. View Marsh and Dumbarton Bridge on the way back. Mt. View Marsh: Tide 6:3 at 10:21 a.m. Reached the marsh at 3:00 p.m. Still plenty of water but birds were most numerous at some distance from road. Very abundant. Near the fence: Drabblers, Red-backed and Western Sandpipers, Some Willets and Bk. Plover. A few Godwits and both kinds of Curlew but these were more abundant farther out. Also Avocets, many more than earlier. More gulls than usual. I didn't see any Least Sandpipers near the road. It is the Godwit that shows the dark spot on the forward part of the wing when it flies. Dumbarton Bridge: Eared Grebes 250t, They were diving very actively as I could not tell whether the allons was there. Avocets - very closely bunched 350t. Willets 150t. No Sandpipers seen. 10 Pintails near roadway. No Pel, Egrets.

1939. Dec 16. (cont.) Near Santa Clara, a Sparrow Hawk was on the ground beside the road. He flew away with a small bird in his talons. Dec. 18. Still Clear. No wind. Birds decreasing. Dec. 21. Still Clear. Colder but no frost. Our Hermit Thrush banged against the living room window when it jailed by another Hermit Thrush guarding the bayon berries below. Dec. 25. Light frost after rain. Black Phoebe S. Stadein Dec. 26. A little rain, Snow in mountains, Yesterday I put out a very large Sunflower head on an Oregon Holly wreath on the usual feeding branch. This morning the seeds were almost gone. Fox Sparrows as well as Calif. Jays and Titmouses ate them. Ht. Horned Owls have been calling at night. Probably a pair as one called in a low key, the other re- spoded almost immediately in a higher key. Mrs. Learner told me she saw a Red-breasted Sapsucker in Golden Creek. An Anna Humming bird was annoying it as it perched in a Eucalyptus tree. Warmer, Mary Anderson Warblers in shade trees at Ben- venue and Center. Dec. 27. Ht. Horned Owls very near last night. L.H. Saw one perched on a clothes reel at Panoramic above Orchard Lane (Miramont Lawn) and later on the roof of a house on Arden Rd. Cloudy, warm.

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1940. jan. 1. Raining. There has been as little rain so far that the hills have been as dry as powder with no sign of green showing. The total for the season was only about 2 ½ inches. There has also been no frost to speak of - weather warm with much clear sunshine and very little wind. jan. 2. Still raining much of the time. One can see the green on the hills. jan. 3. Cloudy. We decided to start to Boulder Creek but did not expect to reach it as rain was threatening. At Dunbarnton Bridge visibility was very poor as there was a low fog. A flock of sandpipers were Redbacks. Large numbers (400?) of Eared Grebes, and the Alcids in a group very close to the highway. There is a line of pale gray from the top of the head down the back of the neck. Willets abundant. Arcets lost; in the distance a great raft of waders but too far to be sure. Spoonbills were numerous - the first time so far. Bonaparte Gulls - 200?. At Mt. View Marsh, the tide was just going out. Plenty of mud exposed but not too much. Visibility poor because of low lying fog. (over)

1940 American Egrets were conspicuous, to seen. Spoonbills - two groups 36+; Gulls, esp. Ringbills and Bonapartes; An abundance of Redbacks, Western Sandpipers, Dovetilers, Willetts, B.b. Clover, Godwits; Also a number of Longbilled and Hudsonian Curlews and Avocets. I did not see any Yellowlegs. Probably three were Least Sandpipers but I did not see them through my glass. The low lying fog and the fact that I had broken my bifocals made it hard to scrutinize species closely. We had an hour at the Colleto without rain. Many seeds are up. Weather warm. They reported 9.22 in. rain since Dec. 31. We returned by the Los Gatos Highway but all the new part of the road (summit) was in the dense cloud. Heavy rain from Mission Saw goes to Oakland Berkeley. Jan. 4-10 Almost continuous heavy rain. About 7 inches; so that we are above normal. Robins are very abundant. They are clearing the colorasters of berries along the pathways- in different sections A thrasher sings continuously each morning near the house. Jan. 11 Still raining. Jan. 12, Wind changed to N.W. Clouds broken. Since weather was apparently changing we packed up and started to Los Angeles. We went first to Boulder Creek where we found they had had 2.8 inches of rain. After lunch and a few minutes at the

1940 cottage (where it had rained in around the chimney and in the bath) we went as far as San Luis Obispo. At Morro Landing we noticed shore birds at the left of the road where many fields usually dry were overflowed. Most of the birds were Willets and Hudsonian Curlew, some Long-tailed . (Perhaps 200 Willets, 90 Mtd. 10 Lt.) No more stops for birds. Saw a few Yellow-tailed Magpies and the usual Sparrow Hawks. Shrikes, Linnets, Goldfinches, Crowned Sparrows, Brewer Blackbirds, W. Bluebirds. Jan. 13. We went on to Santa Maria Inn for breakfast. Clear, crisp. Green every- where. Rain has been abundant everywhere. We drove over San Marcos Pass for the first time. It was a beautiful drive and views were gorgeous from the sum- mit. As we passed Pt. Muiguet the N.W. breeze died down and we stopped at the lagoon a few minutes to look at the birds there. Several Long-tailed Curlew, and a group of Willets, one Ani. Egret as well as gulls and St. Blue) Herons, Red- Eared Grebe. Along the Porewellt Highway wherever fresh water came into the ocean there were large assemblies of gulls, some Brown Pelicans, Cormorants and Coots - A few Bluebills were seen - but ducks were very scarce.

1940 We had lunch in the edge of Santa Monica on the ocean front where we sat at at table outdoors and shed our coats as it was warm Went into 1632 Virginia Road. Very warm, and Enny- Jan. 14. We sat on the terrace or deck most of the morning enjoying the Brushline Birds noticed: Mockingbird, Black Phoebe, Anna Hummingbird, Audubon Warblers, Savannah Sparrow, Song Sparrow (singing pell) After dinner(now) we drove on to Palos Verdes where we spent the night Jan. 15. Still delightfully warm. Ocean clean and placid. Birds noticed: Hermit Thrush, Mockingbird(silent), Song Sparrow, Audubon Warblers. After lunch we drove on to Palm Springs via Long Beach, Anaheim, Santa Ana Canyon, Corona, Riverside, Breaumont, Banning. Arrived about 5:30 p.m. Stopped at La Cita. Jan. 16. I was outside at 7 a.m. sun just rising, and the rocky hill behind La Cita, a bright golden brown. In the low brush, Towhees and Goldfinches were singing everywhere. The first note I heard before I got up was that of the Say Bluebird which was seen later on the roof. The Black Phoebe was in the garden too. As I got out into the desert region, W. Bluebirds appeared. Audubon Warblers everywhere Savannah Sparrows abundant

many of them in miniature plumage - They seemed to be eating berries (?) in the mesquites and were very abundant; Then I heard a Wren which sang like the Vireo Wren. A little later a Cactus Wren mounted to the dead tip of a tall cleaner shrub and stretching its neck up gave a grunting call note, repeated several times. This neck returned to normal - then he stretched it out again and repeated the same notes again. Next I caught the motion of a bird as small as a Vireo, but with a shorter tail and as it turned Toward me it showed a yellow face so I knew it was a Verdin. In a moment it flew to a very low gray- cleared shrub where it (a female) found a male in brighter plumage. I heard and note. An Anna Hummingbird visited a hummingbird bush with red blossoms Its crown and gorget flashed vivid red in the clear sunshine. Aulakin Hummer has been seen earlier but on a level with the sun which shone directly in my eyes as I looked at it. I saw a Ruby-crowned Kinglet and heard a flicker. I had to return for breakfast at eight but as I left I saw a Desert Sparrow which showed a decided white line above the eye but had a white throat.

1940 Palm Springs As we started to leave after breakfast I heard a sharp insistent whistle in the vacant lot back of La Cita, and following it up and a Verdin again. There were a number of scattered flowers in bloom - sand verbena, Honeybird bush and several others I did not know. We were told there were many more toward Indio so we drove on and found many places where there were masses of Verbena. At Shields date farm there were many evening primroses also. They were very beautiful on the little sandy hills and in wide stretches between - snow-clad San Jacinto and San Bernardino in the distance gleaming white in the sunshine. Color was exquisite. There was considerable rain on the desert last week. Last night was chilly but not frost. Very Clear. Birds: Gnatcatcher, Quail, Sparrow, Warbler, W. Goldfinch. At Indio we turned back on the main highway and drove as far as San Bernardino where we had lunch. Not many flowers on that roadway - Occa- sionally a Shrub, Spanish Honeysuckle. At our stop near Indio a huge flock of Gambel Sparrows. We continued through Cajon Pass and then drove on to Palmdale and Lancaster. Until we neared Palmdale the only bird I saw

was a single Crow. But from Palindale on birds were much more conspicuous (trp. bar. Captain to German: Linnets, B's, Blackbirds, Spar. Wheatears, Songlarks, Skylarks, Shrikes, now Hawks etc.). At Lancaster we turned west to German on the Grapevine Grade and then on to Tulare for the night. We had dinner at the Tulare Hotel where the dining room walls are covered with framed specimens collected by the owner (Whitlin?). Jan. 17. High fog covered the whole valley and became lower the further north we drove so we lost the Los Banos road intending to return via Tachies Pass but the fog lifted on that side of the Valley so we came up via Guatine to Tracy where we had lunch. Then we drove up into sunshine in Altamont Pass and reached Berkeley before 3 p.m. We found it clear with a little north wind — not warm. Jan. 24. Cloudy a.m., rainy p.m. The Lady Birds went to An Aquatic Park. Found: Eared Grebes 4, W. Grebes (Louday); Gulls: Bonaparte, many; Calif. many; Ring-billed few, Glaucous-winged a few, mostly imm.; Weddin (1); Ducks: Ruddy, Lesser Scaup very ab., 1 ad. male Red-breasted Merganser, several [illegible] Mallard, Belted Kingfisher, a few W.W. Scoters, Canvas-backs 2, Ann. Gull (eyes 15-20 ft.), or females Far. Cormorants 20t; Ann. Egrets 3; Coots 2; Sander- ling 150t; Least Sandp. 40t; Western Sandp. 50t; Redbacks 10t; Meadowlarks, a large flock; a few Bar. Blackbirds, Pipit, Song Sparrow, Linnets: 27 sp.

1948 Jan. 24 (contin.) On the bay There great numbers of Lesser Scaup and Biddy Ducks. Visibility was too poor to make out other birds. The Sandlirling flew in while we were at the pools. The Sandpipers were at the Ashby Ave. pool. The Least Sandpipers were trunched together as close as they could stand, asleep - on the mud. The Western and Redbacks were near the KBE station. The Western Gull was on the boom near the island. No doubt there are many more on the bay shore. Bonaparte Gulls were surprisingly abundant for midwinter. Jan. 25. Heavy rain. Warm. Jan. 26. Showers. When I went out between Showers I noticed a flock of Pink Eiders in the cals. Song Sparrow was singing. I heard as Saw Brown, Spotted Towhee, Fox sp. (Permit Thrush), R.e. [illegible], Calif Jay. Wren-tit, Bull.Tits, between 37 Morewood and 73 Panoramic Jan. 28. Boulder Creek. Heard W.W. Wren. Warm. Cloudy. Jan. 29. Went to Palo Alto. At Dumbarton Bridge birds were scarce in the morning - tide low, feeding in the marshes. In the afternoon at high tide they were crowded on certain clytes and in certain pools. There were very few Eared Grebes (30±) and we did not see the allbirds. They were all during activity. In Palo Alto I heard the spring song of the Spotted Towhee. Many Titmouses singing. Very few jays at bridge. Warm.

1940 Feb. 1: A Western Shatcatcher came into the deciduous oaks east of the figure- He remained several minutes, calling frequently. The Thrasher sings each morning east of the house - at some distance. Raining. I heard a titmouse calling persistently as I stopped to watch him. He was looking for food in the oak tree next to the west windows. He continued to call until another titmouse came around the corner of the house and joined him in the same tree. Then he stopped calling. I have noticed this often. Feb. 3: Still raining. I watched a Fox Sparrow eating a large white mushroom. Feb. 2: I was driving along the north end of Oxford St., Indian Rock Ave., Ste Barbara Rd., Robins were flying in great numbers and the electric wires for four blocks were covered with robins. Feb. 4: We started off in the rain to Boulder Creek. Took Mr. and Mrs. McClure. In the overplowed fields near Mt. Edna we saw only Cotts. Never always nothing. At B.C. I heard a junced singing. Warm. Feb. 6: Raining early a.m. I saw an Eastern Fox Sparrow scratching in the leaves near the lower pool. Twice I saw it pull out a long angle worm and eat it. It did not break it up but

pulled it in a little at a time. Head gray. Red brown on sides, tail, cheeks, breast spots. Warm. Feb.8,9. Clean. Air cool. A Thrasher sings in the distance - toward upper Panoramic. The dead cypress which has been used as a perch for several years has been taken out. (Above Woodwood Rd). The Thrasher is the only bird that sings at dawn now. On Feb. 8, I heard a Green tailed Goldfinch singing just east of the house. Feb.10. We drove to Boulder Creek via Dumbarton Bridge. Birds Seen There: Spoonbills 100t; Eared Grebes 400t, all birds seen, Willets, 20t; Red-backed Sandpipers abr. 200t; 1 Am. Egret. Feb.11. Boulder Creek. Cool. Clear sunshine. Flocks of Chickadees, Juncos. Gr. Gold- finches, Siskins, 2 Sp. Towhee. Frost, early a.m. At Dumbarton Bridge: Spoonbills, Red-backed Sandpipers abr. A few Western and possibly Least. Tide was high and on one dyke Willets were crowded 300t. Grew cool very south. No gretles seen. At Mt. View Tide was coming in, almost at high. 1 Egret. 83 b. Clover 100t, Willets, Spoonbills ab. When the birds were dis- turbed a group of about 30 Curlew were - mort of them Long-billed. Some [illegible]

1940 Not Seldom Seen. Feb. 13: Faculty Section walked from Stadium Runway to Botanical Gardens. Birds very scarse as compared with Nort. Dee. (Only two R.C. Knight heard). No Audubon Warblers. Two small flocks of siskins, feeding on elder Cattail. 1 Flock of robins, 1 flock quail. 14.c Sparrow, 6-8 Purplebirds, 3/4 Hermit Thrushes, two Redtails, two Black Phoebe (one near dairy, one at Botanical Gardens) many Calif. Jays, a few Coast jays, several Titmouses, a few grous, Song sparrows, Spotted and Barn Towhee. Vireos Were heard singing in two different places and calling in another. Cold wind. Rain in afternoon - cold. As came home I saw a pair of Bush- tits separated from the flock opposite 51 Canyon Road. The pair kept very close Together, one of them pulling tiny bits from the bark of an elder berry. They flew high into an oak but I could not follow them through the dense foliage. Feb. 15: Screech Owl trilling just before dawn. No dawn songs. Thrasher began 6:40 a.m. Spotted Towhees singing later. Feb. 16: When I went near my window I heard a low whisper song. I finally recognized it as Towhee, Tow- diddle in rapid succession. I could not see

1940 whether there were two birds, each singing one of the phrases or just one uttering both phrases. Feb. 16. Heavy downpour during night - Feb. 18. Boulder Creek. Garden work. Juncos singing. Varied Thrushes along roadway - Heard Hutton Vireo. Flocks of Chinchillas - Fox Sparrows seen. Feb. 19. Cold north wind. Clear. Feb. 20. Cold wind. Cloudy - Feb. 21. Cloudy with rain. Heard a Purple Finch sing its full song. Thrasher still sings in the distance. Only one within hearing - Viggin Warbler and Song Sparrow sing occasionally Feb. 23. Friday. Went to Boulder Creek in afternoon. Raining when we left. Cloudy all the way. At Dumbarton Bridge - Lesser Scaup 500+ Spoonbills 100+ Eared Grebes 3. Willets a few Ann. Egrets 6. Mt. View Marsh. Rb. Plover 100+ Willets 100+ Lough-Curlew 40+ Hudsonian C. 10+ Yellowlegs (Et) 2 Sandpipers Least 100+ Red-backed 30+ Spoonbills 20+ Mule Deer - a few - Tide right. Light reflected from clouds. Difficult.

Feb. 26. 4 1/2 in. rain. Feb. 28. A Terrific down pour about 4 a.m. with high wind. Certain slots on Euclid Ave. flood. caused by bursting of culvert. 3.5 in. rain. Feb. 28. Snowshoe during morning. The Lady Birds walked through the lower campus. Birds were not abundant. Only flocks seen: Civic Sisters 8-10, near M.V.Z.; juncos near Astronomy Bldg., one group of Nuttall (or Pug.) White-crowned Sparrow south of Life Science Bldg. Purple Finch singing; Three Anna Hummingbirds seen; A pair of Bush-Tits prospecting for nest site; Three Pickers seen, 6-8 Brown Towhees; 2 G.C. Sparrows, 3 Ruby-crowned Kinglets - one in full song; Three Song Sparrows, one Spotted Towhee. Much mud and water on paths and roads - Streams full and muddy. Warm. Woolsey Creek burst through its culvert. Feb. 29. Clean. N.W. wind. Cooler. I heard the chip of a Lutescent Warbler - no song. Did not see the bird. Mar. 1. Lutescent Warbler song heard. Mar. 2. A Cooper Hawk was calling just outside my window about 7 a.m. We drove to Boulder Creek which has been isolated since Feb. 21 by the floods - 19 in. during the week, 11 inches in one day- Many major slide (across both lanes). Went by Los Gatos, returned via Saratoga Counted 24 major slides between B.C. & Jar.

1940 Mar.2 (contin') Near Milpitas we noticed a very long line of gulls - about half a mile long - flying northward - Apparently they were descending as if to alight on the bay. This was in the morning about 10 a.m. They certainly suggested a movement from the south to a more norther- ly feeding ground - one, lap in migration. Mar.3 - A beautiful spring day. Daffodils and Baby Blue Eyes in bloom. One Hermit Thrush, three to five Varied Thrushes. Chickadees in flocks. Junco's singing, one as if located for nesting. Mar.4. Berkeley. The Allan Hummingbird group had their first spring trip in Codornices Park. Overcast, clearing after noon. Birds not abundant. Only 3-5 Audubon Warblers; One small flock White-crowned Sparrows; a few G.c.Sp. Singing: Purple Finches, Song Sp.(an), Wren-tit, 1st Goldfinch. In pairs: Bush-tits. One nest in weeping branches of (red?) Eucalyptus in Linforth garden 1/3 done. Bird collecting steamy cobwebs of cocoon. List: Redtails(1); Zizels(flock); Anna Hummingbird 3-8; Allan Hummers 1-2; Flicker 3; Calif Jay 8+; Bush Tit, one small flock, six pairs - Wren-tit; R.c. Kinglet-8+; Audubon Warbler 3-5; Eng.Sp.(war Nro.Bushaks); Calif Purple Finches Linneto, Green-backed Goldfinch, Lawrence Goldfinch,

Spotted Towhee; Brown Thrasher, alb., Juncoes, White-crowned Sparrow, 4-c. Sparrow, Song Sparrows The goldfinches were feeding on dandelion seeds. Some were gray with two whitening bars and a small patch of black both above and below the bill; bill quite light on its sides. But some of the Greenbacks showed black on the chin - possibly stained by food? One S.L.H. Hawk dashed through the trees. 2.2 ap. Mar. 5: Mr. Fletcher's group went to the Aquatic Park. Beautiful weather but heavy fog at first at the pools. Bird List: Pied-billed Grebe 3; one struggling with a fish about 4 inches long - Finally swallowed it, Farallone Cormorants, 15-20. Fishing. S.L. Blue Heron 1 - Lesser Scaup, most alb. 100s, Egret 3 - Willing. Scoter, Surf. S. Caus. Puddy, Red-breasted Merganser 35. Fishing. The double pointed crest showed very plainly when the bird was swallowing a fish. Least Sandpiper 20t; Western 20t; Sanderling 30t; Gulls: Glauconous, Western, Calif., Ring-billed. Bonaparte Some of the Bon. w. black heads - Cypits, a few; Salt Marsh Yellowthroat, singing - W. Savannah Sparrow 20-30; Puget Sd. White Cr., Song Sparrow, Nuttall Sparrow - several singing 24 ap. At 37 Woodwood Rd. Lutecent Warbler singing. (Intermediate plumage of Scoters - Yellow bill, no white patch)

1940 Mar. 6,7. Warm. Songs: Thrasher (continuous - only one within hearing and that one at some distance); Warm-tet (frequent); Lutescent Wurble (occasional); Junco (flocks); Song Sparrow (spaced for nesting) A pair of Bushtits come to the pool. A group of 6-8 Alid. Warblers near the house. (Duc.) Mar. 9. Near Alvarado in the rain pools we saw two Yellowlegs and many Pintail Ducks Chilly north wind. Boulder Creek. Breezy. Mar. 10. Boulder Creek. Light showers. Cool. Breezy Robins, Varied Thrushes, 1 Hermit Thrush, 1 Fox Sparrow, Brown-tailed Warblers, Chestradees (flock), Junco - single, near shrubbery. Mt. View Merle. 3 p.m. Tide high 4.9 ft. Clear, cold north wind. Flocks of birds in flight over the water, gleaming white on the breast. As they came near or I could see black patches under the wings - Black-bellied Plover. (Only had been seen with some black on the d belly - Travers the northeast Curlew, both Hydrocanis & Long billed became quite plentiful - perhaps 25 Lv. 20 Mud.; 15 Godwits, very few Willets. Ducks - Canvas-backs (30±) and 1 W.W. Scoter. Tide too high for feeding. Dumbarton Bridge - 3:30 p.m. Salt pools very rough in wind. Two large groups of Eared Grebes (300±), could not find the alcove.

8 Avocets in our group near the Cannation reeds. 8 Terns in our group (probably Forsters though they looked small). Some Red backed, W.B.L. Sand, Ducks; Blue bills, Canvas backs.) Berkeley - Cold with N.W. wind. To the north in the distance there were huge flocks of very white birds (not gulls) flying in formation (like sandpipers) and settling. Too far away for identification. (Avocets?) Mar. 11. Clear. Less wind. Allen Hummers went to Tilden Park. Bird List: Redtails - 1 pr. soaring. Zuikel Anna, Allen, Rufous Hummers. Flicker, Black Phoebe, Calif. Jay, Coast Jay, Titmouse, Bush tit, Wrentit, Vigors Wren, Ruby c., *Golden-crowned Kinglets, *Hutton Vireo, Lutescent Vireo, Warblers Calif. Purple Finch, Junco, Siskin, Brown & Spotted Towhee, Juncoes, Song sp. Humming birds were very conspicuous, doing the pendulums near a perched Calif. Jay. Female Anna's were seen. Golden-crowned Kinglets (8-10) feeding in a live oak tree. Hutton Vireo, in the willows & oaks. Song and Call note heard. Came very close to me. Lutescent Warblers were spaced for meeting and singing freely. Juncoes & Bush tits in flocks. Titmouse, Vigors Wren, Doug sp. singing.

Mar. 12. Cold north wind. Codornices Park (Faculty Yp.) No black seen on chins of Goldfinches. Perhaps those seen last week had been feeding on something that stained the feathers. Bush-tits nest being lined with fuzzy from the willows. Anna Hummingbird hovering. Lutescent Warblers singing (Buly s.v. heard) And Warblers increasing. Nuttall Warblers singing near the Rose Gardens. One group of 13 Gambel (?) Sparrows on the lawn. Many 4th Goldfinches. They perched in a large bare tree, all twittering. A few Siskins with them. Then they flew to the grass plot and fed on dandelion seeds. Mar. 14-16. A pair of Lutescent Warblers are located near the East Pool. Much chipping and frequent songs. Mar. 15. Showers. Mar. 17. Boulder Creek. Beautiful spring day, I heard a Warbling Vireo sing several times. Pugit Dd. Sparrows were singing in the town of Boulder Creek and at several places in the Santa Clara Valley. Very few have been heard during mid winter. Very few seen. Mar. 19. Codornices Park. Lutescent Warblers spaced for nesting. Bush-tits nest - birds still carrying in lining materials. Cedar Waxwings 20-30 Came into top of Eucalyptus below the Rose Garden. Purple Finch and Junco singing. Also Robin, Song Sparrow, Vigor Vireo(?), Linnete, Siskins,

1940 Wb. Goldfinches. No Paleated Warblers yet. House Wren singing near 29 Moswood Rd. Mar. 20. Warm spring day. Heard a Western Flycatcher East of the house. Luscaet Warbler came to bathe in east pool in afternoon. Hermit Thrush and Junco in a flock. House Wren singing in same territory as yesterday. Mar. 21. In the pool near Alvarado there were 36 Yellowlegs. They seemed to me to be Greater Yellowlegs. Have never seen so many together before. There were a few Dovitches and Red-Backed Sandpipers. At Santa Cruz on the West Cliff Drive I found no swallows or Gullmints yet. On the ocean there was a raft of more than 150 Brown Pelicans. They were seen first flying in close formation, then alighted with great splashing of water. Near them were many Cormorants. On the rocky shores there were many Sandpipers and Black Turnstones. Other birds seen were W. and Sand Grebes, White-winged and Gull-billed Terns, Gulls. One diving bird with large white wing patches seen at a distance may have been a Gullmint. W.W. Wren singing near Tall House - Big Trees. Mar. 22. Boulder Creek. Beautiful warm day. We explored the river banks where great quantities of sand have been deposited and much drift wood. One large tree was two ft. in diameter (redwood) - in three pieces

1940 A whole side of a cabin about six by eight ft. containing a window (mining glass) was intact except for the outside covering of split red- wood logs - all new. Another piece was long and narrow. Much broken crockery etc. Enough wood to supply us for two years at both houses. A pair of Kingfishers flew past us. Mar. 23. I heard the Creeper singing Also A warbling Vireo and Western Flycatcher. A Spotted Towhee had a very vibrant call. On the way back to Berkeley we stopped at Mt. Vail Marsh. A little late for the outfalling turn of the tide but many birds visible: Bk. Plover, abundant. About 1/3 in full plumage; 1/3 half and half; 1/3 winter pl. Long billed Curlew - about 75, perhaps more. Hudsonian Curlew - very few; perhaps seven or eight. Willets ab- 1 Yellowlegs (St.); 2 Godwits. Many flocks of Sandpipers (in distance).- one Redback near by in full plumage. Killdeer, many Dumbarton Bridge; At the east end of the Bridge about 100 Cliff Swallows on the wires; many flying. Bryant Sparrows singing; Swiots. Cared Tresos and Bluebills in a close raft, very far away - 300 to 400. Could not see the albire. Avocets 5" in close brush near the spot where they had their young last year - all with cinnamon necks.

usual Willetts 100s on the dykes. California Gulls by the hundreds, resting on the dyke, on the salt pool (to North) and flying nearer the hills. (No terns seen). Rails at West end of bridge. Mar.24. Easter. Rain. Mar.25. Allen Hammer Group went to Costa Costa Co. Cloudy - not cold. Birds very abundant. On the way to Maragua we stopped where a large flock (60+) of Budget Sound Sparrows were singing. They were feeding on the ground, also on the branches of the willows. A Redtail and a Turkey Buzzard were soaring very near together. At St. Mary's College we walked along a trail on the south side of the lake where we saw twenty or more species. Near the College there were Bluebirds and one Nuttall Sparrow was singing as if nesting there. We went on to the Haverland Ranch where we ate lunch. A Slender-billed Wiltwatch came into the tall tree near us and we watched it as it explored a large branch, going on the under side, then the upper side and around the branch not tracing the tail. A Titmouse was giving all its calls. Full list: Turkey Buzzard, Redtail, Sh. Sh. Hawks, Quail (heard), Morning Dove (heard), Anna H. (male & female) Allen H (female), Calif Woodpecker, Flicker, Black Bulbete, Western Flycatcher (heard), Tree Swallows, Calif Jay, Titmouse, Bushtit, Slender-billed Wiltwatch, Wren, tt, House Wren, Var. Sparrow, Hermit Thrush, Robin

1940 Western Bluebird, R.C.Kinglet, Shrike; Lutescent, Audubon, Flickerted Warbler; Redwings, Meadowlarks, Brewer B., Eng. Sparrow, House Finch, Y.Goldfinch, Siskins Spotted + Brown Towhees; Nuttall + Tanager, D.Sparrows, M.-C.Sparrows, Song Sparrows. 46 species. A large flock of siskins were in the top of a bare Tree all chattering. A gun shot was heard and they all flew out and circled back into the Tree. Rained all night. House Wren singing under eprindred. Mar.26. Rained all day. I was raked up by the "Sweet, sweet, sweet" call of a Titmouse under my window - Mar. 27. The Ruby-crowned Kinglet was singing contin- ously at 6:30 a.m. Cloudy, no rain. The Lady Birds went to the rain pools to. Wren Haymonds, Mt. Eden and Alvarado. Yellow- legs (Greater) were very numerous. (36 seen); Sandpipers (sp.) Doves 40+; Dovetiters 15-20;in pools and Shovelers abundant; Very few Pintails. (No teal seen). We went through Dublin Canyon and returned via Saranap where we saw a Townsend Solitaire at Mr. Haverland's Bee Ranch. Mrs. N. said it had spent the winter there. It was very easy to see as it perched on its electric wire, on the tip of a low tree and in a bare walnut tree. At last it disappeared in a live oak in which there was much mistletoe. (Does it feed on mistletoe berries?) I am sure I heard the Call of an Oriole. Willow Goldfinch seen.

Titmowes were building in a bird box. March 28. Charter Day. Raining. March 29. Cloudy early, heavy rain all day and all night. Before 9 a.m. I noticed many songs in the trees east of the house: Titmouse, Wren-tit, Spotted Towhee, Song Sparrow. Winter Visitants: Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Hermit Thrush, Juncos (flocks), Fox Sparrow, White-crowned Sparrow. Summer Visitants: House Wren, Lutecent Warbler, Bleeding Warbler. New leaves are out on the oaks and even the sparrows are feeding on the worms. March 30. Still raining: -2 in. + in 24 hours. Saw birds as yesterday except that I did not see White-crowned Sparrow or Hermit Thrush. But there was a large flock of Audubon Warblers present. I could see their pulling out the worms. March 31. Heard the call notes of a Hermit Thrush. A Western Flycatcher was calling continuously east of the house. Rain most of the day. April 1. Beautiful sunny day. House Wren with mate at the box I cleaned out yesterday. W.Flycatcher calling. I have not detected the presence of a mate. H. Thrush, Fox Sparrow, Bus.Warblers, Juncos in oaks.

1940 Heard Tolumia Warbler singing at end of M. Road. Apr. 2. Cloudy, cold S.W. wind. Bird trips up Strawberry Canyon. Birds abundant and many songs; Redtail, Quail, large flock; Black Phoebe (spring calls - near dairy and later near swimming pool); Western Flycatcher (not common yet); Bushtits (pairs only); Titmouse (singing); Newlet (singing); Waggon Wren (only one heard singing; House Wren (one pair at 49 Canyon Rd. male singing); Hermit Thrush - several seen, one singing at head of canyon near St. Creek; Robins, R. Knight (only one heard); W. Vireo, several heard, one seen; Lutescent Warbler spaced for nesting, males in full song; Audubon Warbler - feeding in oats, Singing; Troused W. (one heard once); Tolumia - south of Swimming pool - seen and song heard; Pileolated Warbler - several singing, esp near St. Creek; Purple Finches - three at the top of pine tree, others singing in oats; Luniet - one flying over; Gb. Goldfinch one singing near stadium; Siskins, seven at small groups flying over; juncos one flock; Brown & Spotted Towhees as usual; Fox Sparrow - one; G. Sparrow singing; Song Sparrow - singing - many spaced for nesting. (Six cats near 51 Canyon Rd. - four half grown, high in the oaks (No thrasher heard)

Apr.3. Rain. Apr. 4. Clean. Lutescent Warbler is the first bird to sing each morning. So far as I have been able to discover it seems to be the only bird nesting near the house toward the east. A song sparrow sings occasionally but I see no signs of its nesting verynear. The House Wren sings near the box occasionally. Apr.6. At The Niles Nursery Mockingbirds and Gambel Sparrows were singing. There were two Mockingbirds within hearing, perhaps more. Gambels song: - 00 - 2 = . Balden Creek: Cassin, Vireo and Black- throated Gray Warbler singing - not heard two weeks ago. Warbling Vireo and Paleated Warblers with mates and probably nest. building.- at least they were seen near the same spot over and over again. Total. River very high due to heavy rains Mar. 29-31. 78+ in. April 7. At Mountain View Marsh - Tide right. Many birds visible and when a hawk flew over great flocks rose expeditly. Bk. Clover, 100s - many in full plumage, one very spotted, some in winter plumage. I saw no Long-billed Curlews. Hudsonian Curlews very abundant - One held its head straight up and called continuously. Willets less abundant than usual; Lesser Yellowlegs 2 - (seen very near a Willet and emphatically smaller.) (over)

1940. Apr. 7. (Cont'd) Mt. View Marsh. Least Sandpipers - abundant; Western S.- abundant; Redbacks abundant and many with black bellies; Long-tailed Dow- ilcher, 12-15; Godwits 15-20; Avocets 3, single and separated; Cootails - a few (3-6) Dumbarton Bridge: Gared Grebes, five in one Group, three in another; Shovelers at: Abundant at spots. H. Curlew, Willet, Redb. Sandpiper. Godwit; Avocets 8-10; Bonaparte Gulls with Black heads on easternmost salt pool north of the road; Terns 4 (Forster ?) Cliff Swallows abr., a few Bank Swallows. East of the bridge - linnets, pipits abr.), one Horned Lark heard. Birds very few as compared with two weeks ago - except H. Curlew which I seldom see here. April 8' The Allen Hummingbird Group went to Alum Rock Park. Cloudy - Warm. Along the way we saw Brewer Blackbirds, Redwings, Shrikes, Crow (near Berry area), Meadowlarks, Linnets. When we reached the Creek from Alum Rock Canyon we stopped near an old farm house where we found the House Wren, a Mockingbird (?), W. Bluebird, Chipping Sparrow, Cedar Waxwings and the first Grosbeak of the season. A flock of Gable Sparrows - very gray and singing. Also many Hb. Goldfinches, Linnets, Purple Finch and a Sparrow Hawk and Flicker and Mourning Dove,

and a Black Throate. In this parts itself we soon found the Canyon Wren at the narrowest part - a pair on the rock cliff. The male sang frequently and kept near the female as she gathered nesting materials and carried it into a hole in the cliff. A Black Throate was on the same cliff. Swallows were circling in the distance. Later we walked up a horse back trail on the south side of the stream (very full in contrast with 1938, Apr.27) where we had a good view of the warbling Vires List: Redtail, Sparrow Hawk, Quail, (St. Yellowego - near Alvarado), Mourning Dove, Black Phoebe, Western Flycatcher, Flycatcher, Barn Swallow, Tree? Swallows, (Violet green and Cliff along the way); Calijay, Crow (near Berryessa), Titmouse, Wren-tit, *Canyon Wren , Virgin Wren 1, House Wren 5, Mock- wing Bird (? fleeting look); Shrikes, Warbling Vires , W. Bluebird, Lutescent Warbler - ab. in the park, only one Audubon Warbler, Cedar Waxwings (20+); Redwing, Meadowlarks - in pairs, male singing; Brewer Blackbirds, Grosbeak (part of season) - 3 rem. or less Purple Finch, Linnet, 4th. Goldfinch, Spotted Brown Towhee, Chipping Sparrows - in orchard, Taured Sparrow flock, Bong Sparrow. Fruits and wild flowers beautiful No rain. A Coot Pheasant near Welpitas. April 9. Beautiful day. Faculty Section went to Tilden Park. No Grosbeaks or Warbling Vires. S.V. W. Flycatcher, Lutescent Warbler, Biledated W. House Wren. 5 Turkey Buzzards. W.V. Cedar Waxwings, Ans. Warblers (fleets. singing)

1940 April 9 (contin.) Ruby-crowned Kinglet (several), Junco. In the distance I heard songs of Townsend (probably) Warblers- Nests: Bushtit - in Eucalyptus; Titmouse in dead alder; Black Phoebe - under stone Conduct: Practically all species singing or giving spring calls. Both Flicker and W. Woodpecker drumming At 37 Morwood Road at 11:45 a.m. - a great flock of siskins in the oaks. Also Aud. Warblers. Robins picking up worms- April 10. Beautiful day- Birds feeding on oak worms: Audubon Warblers, G.c Sparrows, Purple Finches Robins , House Wren - pair at the box near dining room window. Lutescent Warbler - a pair near by. Guard call of quail heard - first time- In the afternoon 2:30-2:45 - a Purple Finch remained in one branch of an oak - 16 ft. from where I sat singing. It sang full voice for more than five minutes; they fed on oak worms; this sang in full voice several times. Still in same twig when I left. April 11. Beautiful warm day. Birds abundant: Hermit Thrush singing Whiter Song. Robins very Tame - picking up worms on brick Terrace. Purple Finches, Aud. Warblers, G.c Sparrows, rob. singing. House Wren carried a long stick up to the

Flicker box where J.T.A. says he hears Scrub Chick stretching about every night. Grosbeak singing. Hot - 8° in San Francisco. 2 Burrowing (also on fence) Apr.13. At the Alvarado pond, we found about 15 Yellowlegs (possibly one Lesser), 4 Dovetails, Sandpipers (some Redbills in full plumage), and several Shovelers. Apr.14 Boulder Creek. Cooler. Birds heard: Western Flycatcher, Cassia Vireo (female taking spiraea bark for a nest); male, staying in same bush and singing softly); Warbling Vireo, Lutecent Warbler - Bicolored, Black-Throated Gray, one Grosbeak, - all singing. J.T.A. heard the Olive-sided Flycatcher. Reached home in Berkeley at 3 p.m. Robins, Purple Finches, Pine Siskins in the oaks. Y.C. Sparrow singing. Titmouse Went to Regat Moffitt Garden party - Heard Buget Sound Sparrow on the way. In the Moffitt garden I heard Robin, Warbling Vireo, Western Flycatcher, Titmouse, Bushtit (saw a pair), Warbling, Grosbeak, Spotted Turkee, Song Sparrow. April 15. Clear. Cold N.W. wind. A Red-breasted Nut-Hatch was calling outside my window. House Wrens still at the tree next to dining room window. April 16. Warner. Fletcher group spent morning in Ruble Rd. region. Audubon Warblers singing. Those with white throats were Myrtle Warblers, I suppose. No Kinglets, One Hermit Thrush. Some Y.C. Sparrow.

1940 Downy Woodpecker, with red on head, giving the call of several sharp notes and drumming on dead stump. Many robins, feeding on earthworms. S.V. W. Flycatcher, Lutecent & Paleolated Warbler, Warbling Vireo, Grosbeak. Singing finches. Mew. D., Vigors Wren, Black Phoebe, Purple Finch, Linnet, Song Sparrow, Spotted Towhee. 25 species. Apr. 17. Beautiful day. Wild iris in blossom. The Tolman Warbler is the most conspicuous singer near the house. It is nearer than in past years — about 250 feet beyond the house. Apr. 19. 2 Greater Yellowlegs on Alvarado Pond. Calif. Lilac beginning to blossom. At Boulder Creek I heard the song of the Mourning (Hermit) Thrush on the wooded hillside south of the Cottage. Several Grosbeaks singing. Olive-sided Flycatcher — one heard. One Lay.Bunting? Ceanothus and Black Locust in bloom. Apr. 20. The Grosbeak was singing at dawn, followed by the other birds: Spotted Towhee, Paleolated and Black-throated Gray Warbler, Cassin, and Warbling Vireo. A pair of Mt. Goldfinches were flitting about together. No winter birds. At Mountain View March birds were abundant: B.B. Bower, almost all in full plumage; Hudsonian Curlew abundant — No Long-tails — A few Wilelets; a few Godwits. Many Dovetoes in summer plumage. All three Sandpipers; Wetland much less gray than in winter

Redbacks in full plumage. Many Foster Terns, actively feeding. Three Caspian Terns resting on edge of slough- very large with coral red bills. One Hudsonian Curlew had an injured left leg-bent both at the knee and the bill straight. Near Alvarado a great flock of gulls was following a tractor. Many of them were Bonapartes. Two yellow warblers were heard as we drove along. Thurnd, a Red-breasted Mulletch near the house. Apr. 22. The Allen Hummers" went to Alameda. Before crossing the bridge to Bay Farm Road and we found over Hudsonian Curlews, a number of Blue bills, Foster's Terns and Bonaparte Gulls on the estuary and on the pools east of the shore road; all three Sandpipers in abundance-Dowitchers also; and a few Willets. On the road to the garbage dumps across the Bridge tide was in and birds were resting in certain protected places- Most of these seemed to be Dowitchers and Hudsonian Curlews. On the ponds on The Golf Course there were four female Mallards, each one with six ducklings under protection swimming about on the water. Here we found also Hooded Larks, a few pipits, Bryant Sparrows (6-8 in a group may also be Western S. Sparrows), Brewers, Blackbirds, Barn and Cliff Swallows and English Sparrow. Linnets. 4th Goldfinch heard. A Salt Marsh Song Sparrow was singing.

1940 We lunchcd near the Radio Station where we found more Horned Larks, Bryant Sparrows, Linnets, Also Meadowlarks and Killdeer - evidently nesting (Bryant Sparrow was seen carrying nesting material. Ridgwing Blackbirds were seen and a few Farallone Cormorants On the way home we stopped at Fernside Blvd. just as the tide turned and found the shore lined with the following species: 1 Bt. Plover (ai grey plumage), 50+ Semipalmated Plover, [illegible] 6 Black Turnstones, several Hudsonian Curlew), a few Willets, the three kinds of Sandpipers and hundreds of Dowitchers, three Godwits. Also hundreds of Bon. Gulls and many Forster's Terns Dowitchers on the water were W.W. and Surf Scoters and Bluebills. Also some Coots. Cloudy with strong west wind. (We looked for Knots but did not find them) April 24. The Laddie Birds went to Alum Rock Park, On the way we stopped at the Alvarado Lobelia Pond where we saw two Greater Yellowlegs and several Red-backed and Western Sandpipers. The full list for the day was: Blue Heron, Calaveras Reservoir; Ringard - 6 in one groups "" ; Red-tailed Hawk, Alum Rock Sparrow Hawk, Zuniil - flushed one from a nest in the grass next to the roadway in Alum Rock Park. The nest contained six eggs (Gr. Yellowlegs, Red & West. Sandpipers, at Alvarado), Forsythia Tern, at Calaveras Res., Mourning Dove, Anna Humming.

Fletcher Kingfisher, Calif. Woodpecker, Nuttall Woodpecker (Alum. Black Phoebe, W. Flycatcher, W. Wood Pewee (Alum R.), W. Kingbird (Cal. Dam), Barn Swallow, Cliff Swallow, Yellow-billed Magpie (Sund), Calif. Jay, Coast Jay, Crow at Calaveras Dam; Titmouse and Chickadee (Chant-mut- voiced (Santa Cruz?)) both in Alum Rock Park - Bush.Tits; Slender-billed Nuttatch, Wren-Tit (only one heard), Rock Wrens (at Cal. Dam.), Canyon Wren (Al. R.), Vigor's House Wrens also at A.R., Thrasher, Varied Thrush (plausibly seen on roof of small bldg. at Alum Rock, W. Bluebird at Cal. Dam, Robin in valleys, W. Gnatcatcher, Cal. Dam, Shrike Warbling Vireo, Indecent Warbler, Tolmie Warbler, Yellow Warbler, Brewer Blackbird, Redwing, Oriole, Meadow Lark, Grosbeak, Lazuli Bunting, Linnet, 1st Goldfinch, Brown Towhee, Spotted Towhee, Lark Sparrow, Junco (at Alum Rock Park), Chipping Sparrow, Golden-c. Sparrow, Song Sparrow, Cloudy, cool. 59 Species. April 25. A Bullock's Oriole was calling in the woods east of the house at 6:45 a.m. Later I heard the whistle of the Russet-backed Thrush. Apr. 27. Boulder Creek. W. Tangagers were immer- os - A Russet-backed Thrush was heard once. Yellow Warblers were singing - (Other birds as noted earlier). Apr. 30. At Savenap Station birds were very abundant and in full song: Mockingbird, Oriole, B. Black, Meadowlark, Grosbeak, Yellow Warblers etc. At the Humberland Bee Ranch: Lazuli Bunting & Yellow Warbler, one Audubon Warbler.

1940 Apr.30.(contin.) At St. Mary's College (Picnic Grounds) Ash-Throated Flycatcher, Wood Pewee, W. Fly- catcher, Black Phoebe, Pale-caleded Titmouse and Toleine Warblers. At the Howard Garden a Virgin Wren had young out of the nest. Old Canyon Rd. a family of Bush Tits were out of the nest and flying about in the oak tree where they were being fed by the parents. Warm-Party Cloudy- May 1. A Western Tanager was calling outside my window at 6 a.m. I cleaned out the titmouse box. The hole was completely closed by columbia and the box filled with sticks of last year's House Wren's nest. Also feathers. I left the box with the lid up while I went to get the step ladder. Almost immediately a Cali- Jay came, alighted on the upturned lid. The lid fell down and closed the box. The jay alighted on the top and poked his head in at the hole and picked something off the outside of the box. Then another jay came and drove him away. A Brown Towhee on the roof of our house (north side) was singing a twittering song which I have heard only once before. As I watched from another bird appeared from higher up and began portuning and vibrating its wings. They flew away together.

May 2 - Showers. May 3. The first bird singing at dawn was a Dolinie Warbler. A little later the Lutescent Warbler and a Robin began and then the House Wren which always begins later than the others. About 6:45 a.m. I saw a Humming- bird take lichen from the oak tree near my window and a Tanager whistled and called. At 11 a.m. a Cassin Vireo was singing. Cloudy Female Allen Hummingbird buzzing about the oaks. May 4. Boulder Creek. Hermit Thrush sang continuously on the hillside across the river. Russet-backed Thrush in the garden. Bluebirds heard. Warblers: Lutescent, Paleolated, Yellow, Black-Throated Gray - Flycatchers; Western, [illegible]. May 5. Mt. Vico Marsh. Tide out too far for bird observations. Birds much less abundant: About 6 Bk. S. Clover, only one in full plumage. A few sandpipers; 30+ Hudsonian Curlews, 6 Godwits, a few Foster Terns. At Bembarton Bridge 1000s N. Phalaropes 1 Avocet, 1 Eared Grebe in full plumage. Nerved Lark on the fence, many Cliff Swallows, No pipits. A few sandpipers at west end. May 7. I walked to the head of Strawberry Canyon going up on the north-facing slope and returning by the road & the Botanical Gardens. Perfect May morning. All birds except Goldfinches apparently settled in nesting territories. A decided change in species as I left the north-facing

1940 and crossed the stream when Lazuli Buntings, Clipping Sparrows, Grosbeaks, Warbling Vireos just appeared. Dowitcher - no flock seen; very few heard. Anna Humming bird - one female gathering food at Twin-berry bush - trail. W. Flycatcher - more abundant near streams - Coast Jay - upper canyon - Calif. Jay - very select - only two seen. Titmouse - only two detected - one at end of wood one south of Bot. Hardwood - singing - Birch Tits - more corn at bottom and south facing slope - only two pairs without yq - 8 pro. m. 49 - At this swimming pool a sparrow perched on the wire fence and on shrubs just inside - 9 counted twelve in view - probably more. 7 jam? Wren-Tit - four on brushy hillside - not much singing. House Wren - both trail and road and Bot. Gar - 6-8 pro. Vireo's Wren - only three heard. Thrush - three heard - one seen - thin singing Russet-backed Thrush - 4 heard, one singing in Bot. Gar. Hutton Vireo - 2-3 near trail - Warbling Vireo - 8-10 singing, all near roads Lutescent Warbler - 6-8 near trail . Tolmie Warbler - 10-12 near trail . Pale-sided 10+ near trail . Thrushes - 4 near road . Lazuli Bunting - 8-10 near road . Junco - a few - lots of Panoramic Way and Bot. Gar Bufflehead - 8+ singing near trail. (pair in pines, female.

Calling constantly - like young bird. They flies away together ✓ G. Goldfinch - a large flock in oak trees at junction of the two roads. (To Bot. Gard. 4 up stream). ✓ Blue Siskin - a few pro. in pines near trail. ✓ Spotted Towhee - 12-15 near trail especially, ✓ Brown Towhee - 6+ pr. - only two near trail. ✓ Junco - 1 feeding up out quest in pines near trail. 1 singing near swimming pool. ✓ Chipping Sparrow - three near road, south of Bot. Gar. ✓ Song Sp. abundant - general. May.8: Young Lutecut Warblers can be heard calling just east of bird bath. May 9. The Lady Birds went to Clear Lake. Summer day- Country green and wild flowers very abundant. First stop at southern end of the Silverado Trail where we had orchard, woods and stream side with Twenty eight species of birds present. Such a medley of sound that we spent half an hour, getting them all clearly separated. List: Grosbeak, Rkt. Thrush, Vg.Swallow (nesting in holes in oak), Zuid, Lutiet, Yellow Warbler, Doug Sparrow: Wood Peace, Spotted Towhee, Bluebird, Downy Woodpecker Cooper Hawk, Titmouse, House Wren, Creeper, W. Flycatcher, Lutecut Warblers, W. Vires, Cassia Vires, Buggard, Robin, Br.Towhee, Black Phoebe, Oriole, Rough-winged Swallow, Calif. Woodpecker, Crow, Lazuli Bunting. We lunched at the Jerome Landfield place and added three The Tolvain and Black- Ths. Gray Warblers.

1940 Clear Lake Chipping Sparrow, and Chat, and Harris Woodpecker. At Middletown we found W. Gnatcatchers which became increasingly abundant from there. W. Kingbirds first appeared beyond Middletown, as did Clark Sparrows in abundance. At Clear Lake the water was very high. Western Grebes were very abundant and we watched the nuptial dance of a pair. When first seen they were a hundred feet or more apart and began calling to each other and to swim toward each other. When they were close together they began to bow, stretch their necks, lower their heads now on one side now on the other; then suddenly they rose in the water, fluttering their wings and raising the body completely out of the water except for the feet and tips of the body. The bodies were tense and the neck stretched stiffly at an angle, thus: [sketch of two grebes] Then they lowered their bodies and sank below the water—not by diving but by settling gradually. When they came up they swam away from each other. Did they mate under water? May 10 The list of birds seen was the same as last year but Robins were seen in many places; 15-20 White Pelicans were seen. A few Forster’s Terns, Yellowthroats abundant below Antioch—Ash-throated Flycatcher very scarce. Now heard, we see. Chats were in every suitable place.

I was awake at dawn and the first bird A call was a W. Kingbird which kept repeating a soft fee-dee-dee, fee-dee-dee. It was some time before the Tree Swallows began and then the Bronsbroke, Linnets until there was a general medley of sounds in all directions. We were out birding 5:30 - 7:30 a.m. After breakfast we started homeward, turning off at Lower Lane to Seiglers Springs and Cobb Mt. At a junction near Adams Springs we found Juncos and Olive-sided Flycatchers (a pair) and heard a Tanager in addition to those already seen. North of Middletown where we bundled a pair of chats, one Audubon Warbler, and the Black-throated Gray Warbler (seen-many had been heard before) brought the list to 70 species. Nests of Cliff Swallows on the steel beams under the bridge over Cache Creek were in rows touching each other. Males were busy feeding females in the nests. May 12. Boulder Creek. A Water Quail gave its rattle just below the cottage about 8 a.m. At noon I heard it again and went down to the edge of the river. I could hear the song, repeated over and over. It came from the opposite shore where a small stream flows into the river. I could not see the bird. Tanagers heard. Olive-sided Flycatcher calling. Bl.thr. Gray W. still singing.

1940 May 13. Final Trip of the "Allen Hammer" to Arroyo Muncha. Hot weather. The usual birds along the arroyo and at the Arroyo. The Bhanisopelas at the bot- tom of the Mt. Hamilton Grade. One pair was building a nest in a small fruit tree standing by itself in the field rising from the stream. Another pair was higher up the hill above the road. They were very conspicuous as they alighted on the top of a tree, on a fence or on the ground (collecting nesting material). There may have been more than two, pairs as one was seen near the bridge but this may have been one of the two pairs seen farther up. Western Kingbirds were common. Two that showed no white outer tail feather may have been Cassian Kingbirds. A pair of W. Great-ateaters had a nest at the end of a sycamore branch about 8 ft. from the ground. The birds took turns sitting on the nest, the female remaining 25-30 minutes and the male about five minutes. The male called often when sitting while the female was quiet. The nest cup was deep, 3-1/2 in. The nest was very closely felted and covered with lichens - color grey -

List of birds seen: Turkey Buzzards - 1 Together over hill top - Spanow Hawk - several seen. Quail, Killdeer, Mourning Dove (veryab.), Anna Humming bird, Downy Woodpecker, California Woodpecker, Lewis Woodpecker (one seen flying among sycamores at Arroyo Mueles, one near Danville) Red-tailed Western and Cassin Kingbird, (Ash-throated Thrycatcher (seen by Mr. Saunders)), Wood Pewee, Western (at Sunset Nursery), Cliff Swallow, (near Livermore), Calif. Jay, Crow, Titmouse"" (yy-flying), Wrentit (at Sunset Nursery); Vagons Wren (Nursery), House Wren, Thrasher (Nursery), Russet- backed Thrush, Robin (along way), Swat- catcher, Phainopepla, Shrike, Warbling Vireo, Yellow Warbler, Redwing Bt., Meadowlark, B. Oriole, Br. Blackbird, Eng. Sparrow, Bh. Grosbeak, Lazuli Bunting, Lumit, Mr. Lawrence Goldfinch, Spotted & Brown Towhee, Doug Sparrow. 43 May 14. Final trip for Faculty Section to Contra Costa Co. First stop Saranap Station: Wock- vig bird was singing, perched on electric wire. Orioles, Yellow Warblers, Grosbeaks as usual. Also W-Wood Pewee. Second Stop - Bee Ranch: Added Lazuli Bunting Third Stop - Davis Ranch near Danville. Buntings, W. Flycatcher nest - 2 embryos eggs yet. Luminet nest: young fully feathered almost ready to fly. Downy Woodpecke

May 14 (cont.). 1948. May 14. Fourth Stop, Alamo Bridge - Added Black Phoebe, Thrush. Total list. 35 species. In the afternoon Mr. and Mrs. Roger Tony Pelton came and we walked up Strawberry Canyon (He wanted especially to see a Nuttall Vireo, hear the song of the Lutescent Warbler and see a male Allen Hummingbird). We did not succeed in finding the Nuttall Vireo. Wasp A Chocolat Warbler was building beyond Thruend of Morewood May 15. In this late afternoon I drove up Claremont Canyon a little way and up Scout Road without hearing a Nuttall Vireo. May 16. A Mourning Dove was near the N.W. corner of the house. J.T.A. heard it call and I reached the porch in time to hear it call and see it fly up the Canyon. A Tolius Warbler was in oak next kitchen. In the afternoon I went to Filden Part with R.T.P. for half an hour to listen for a Nuttall Vireo but heard none. A Thrush whistled it once, Cooler. May 17. Great Horned Owls were hooting during the night - different pitches. May 18. Went to Boulder Creek via Danielson Bridge. There were no Phalaropes; three Eared Grebes in full plumage; Caspian Terns were numerous (15-20); several pairs of Avocets. Night tide at Mountain Vireo. In the afternoon we drove to the top of Ben Lomond Mountain.

Birds were very abundant: Many W. Teenagers heard. A Hutton Vireo was calling as it wound up prrr-zeee, pprr-zeee, pprr-zeee etc. for about three minutes. May 19. Boulder Creek. No time for birds but I noticed: Olive-sided Flycatcher calling "a-pée-hew" constantly very near the cottage; Grosbeak, P. Thrush, 4 b. Goldfinches; Yellow, Bicolored and Black-throated Gray Warblers; Warbling and Cassin Vireos, Purple Finch singing; Tanager calling. Junco had young out of the nest. (No Angel heard) Beautiful day. Counted 7 Buzzards flying from peaks to the north, across to Ben Lomond Mt. Beautiful warm weather. May 20. Chilly fog most of the day. Lutescent Warbler sang at dawn — meeting again? A Lazuli Bunting was singing from the electric wire in front of the house at 1 p.m. May 21-23. Chilly fog. May 24. At dawn the Purset-backed Thrush was the first bird to whistle (no song until later); thin the Lutescent Warbler, Song Sparrow, Spotted Towhee, Brown Towhee. The House Wren did not join in as it usually does. Yesterday it was singing in front of the living-room windows. When I went into the garden after breakfast I found part of the contents of the nesting box pulled out and the male House Wren carrying sticks into the

1940 Flicker Box which the Street Clubs have deserted. No Female House Wren seen but the male chirped inside the box as if she were inside. Tolinia Warbler not heard. May 25. Commencement Day. Warm, sunny. At 5 p.m. we started to Boulder Creek - At Drumbarlin Bridge the only birds seen were Swallows (100s), a few Caspian Terns and Avocets. A few Rails flying over the bridge. At Mt. View Marsh the tide was just beginning & ebb and enough mud exposed to attract waders but I saw only three Old Plums, all in immature plumage May 26. Boulder Creek. Clear, warm. Many birds singing. Lazy Bumble-beetled Thrush gathering nesting material - bark & moss from redwoods at Camp Joy. Black-throated Gray Warbler still singing but could not find the female. Two Warbling Vireos viciously attacked a Great Jay that dropped to the ground and caught a grasshopper. May 27. Cloudy all day. In the afternoons we went to Santa Cruz. No Gullillets seen. Brought and Feralone Dromadants and a few B. Belicae on the Rocks. Gulls: A Bonaparte's, a few with black heads; Hermanns - a few immature, Western. Ducks - a few Widgeon and Scoters; 7 Common Loons flying northward - two on bay near docks. J.T. heard song Hermit Thrush at end of my plunge - east. May 28. Cloudy all day - A male Warbling Vireo had his youngsters with him - Sang both vocs. Our feeding table: Junco with young; jay-Grass

J.F. A heard Hermit Thrush singing at lower Bridge (Lead. beaks, Brown & Sp. Turkeys x at pool, Chickadees, Nuthatches - Drove home in the afternoon. House Wren singing. May 29. Partly cloudy, Cool - May 30. Rain - Tolema Warbler still singing . May 31. The House Wren that lost its mate and young was answered by a mate early - 6 a.m. (about). titmouse the female's. Later seen entering the box - The males voice sounded like a muffled of young Calling. The male has a softer voice than most House Wrens. Cloudy June 2. (On the top of Mr. Ben Lomond: Lutescent and Tolema Warblers, Towager; House Wren, Dark & Sparrow and Cliff Swallows at Loca- talli Ranch. Song of Whitlow V. peet, peet, peet. June 4 - Linnets have been heard recently near the house. I supposed they came to eat blackberries but > found them in the Elderberry bushes apparently eating the flowers. Sometimes they were something from the bunches of green berries . June 7. The Fletcher Group had their East Trip (postponed) at St. Mary's where we drove to the precise ground. Birds plentiful and singing. Warmer List: Turkey Buzzard, Retails - two, one carrying a long snake. Quail, Mourning Dove, Hummingbird (3?) ; Harry, Dovny, Nuttall (heard) Woodpeckers and Flicker; Ash-Throated Flycatcher, Black Phoebe, Wood Pewee and Western Flycatchers ; Cliff Swallow, Calif. & Coast jays, Titmouse (families out); Bush-Tits (only one pr.); Slender-billed Nuthatch (1), Wren-Tet, House & Virginia Wrens abr., Rob. Thrush (1), Warbling

1940 June 7.(St Mary's College contin) and (Hutton Veres), Lutescuit, Toliue and Bileolated Warblers, Grosbeak, Lazuli Bunting, Calif. Purple Finch, Linnet, Sr. Goldfinch, Spotted & Brown Towhees, Song Sparrow. 36 Species The Grosbeak was giving a wonderful song with notes like a nightingale mixed in. The Spotted Towhee gave the peculiar song heard occasionally. It was perched high in and out when sang this song -(This is the fourth bird I have heard singing in this way.) Song of Hutton Veres [illegible]; like the first phrase of Cassin but sweeter. Boulder Creek June 8. About 2 p.m. I heard Water Llazels below the house so went down to the river to find them. First I found a male, perched on a twig on the steep bank, preening his feathers. I watched him for several minutes. Then another bird called and he did appeared. The second bird was a young bird, much lighter below and with yellow on the bill. It alighted on a fallen branch of Douglas Fir and in a moment the mother alighted near it and tried to place a fat insect in its beak. The baby dropped it; the mother picked it up, flew across to a dead branch that sloped down to the water, She went to the edge of the water, dipped the insect in the water then flew back to the young one. Again he fumbled. The mother picked up the insect again, flew across to the branch, walked down to the edge of the water, dipped the insect in

and returned to the fir branch and at last the young bird succeeded in swallowing it. The father swept the flud down stream and the young bird after a few moments left the fir branch and clambered into the steep slippery wet rocks which formed the bank and walked about on it with apparent case. Finally it gave a call and flew down stream. I followed but could not find it again. When I returned I looked at the same thruphere I first saw the male and he was there preening his feathers. Hermit Thrush singing late p.m. June 9. Boulder Creek. At 1:30 p.m. I heard the Chyels and found them in nearly the same place. There were three together, father, mother and one young bird. They went into the shallow cave and later up stream to the very deep pool where the flume once emptied. The father found a twig against the perpendicular mass covered rock where he preened his feathers while the mother fed the young bird near by. Most of the food was taken from the shelving rock which was very wet and was taken easily by the infant. I heard the Tanager several times and twice the Black throated Grey Warbler gave a series of songs. In the trees across the roadway I disturbed a Spotted Turkee which, sequatonceld. First the mate joined in, then a Riv. Thrush, then a Churchadow, male Grosbeak and quico.

1940 Los Angeles June 12. We started to drive to Los Angeles, making a detour to see The San Antonio Mission, west of King City. We found it quite a ruin; The walls and front (of niche) still standing but protected by a temporary roof which left quite an opening between the top of the walls and the roof. When we entered a linnet was singing inside and rough-winged Swallows were flying to and from a niche above the altar. A Black Phoebe and were seen inside also. Lois looked behind a picture which hung near the stairway to the pulpit and found nine bats there. 1 bat. Night at St. Maria where we visited the wonderful seed gardens in brilliant flower. June 14. At 1632-Varquiza Rd. in Los Angeles Song Sparrow, Morningbird, Linnets and Brewer Blackbirds were heard early. A flock of Bush tits, Black Phoebe seen later. Two young finches perched all day in the Dodar - prob. introduced species. June 15. We went to Claremont for our class reunion. Very few birds seen or heard- even in the "wash" toward 5:00 p.m. June 16. At Wavel's cottage at dawn, silence except for one linnet song and call note of a song sparrow. June 16. Went via Corona to Banda Ana Canyon road, then to Modjeska Canyon, 16 miles from Orange where we visited Mr. Tucker's, "Oakwood". We watched Anna, Costa and Black-chinned Hummers feeding at his bottles and many linnets, grosbeaks e.t.c. at his feeding tables. Most interesting. Black-chinned Hummingbird was the only species seen.

From there we went to San Juan Capistrano - a beautiful mission, gardens very gay. Many Cliff Swallows, es- pecially in ruins of stone church (with transepts) Saw no swifts. June 17. We spent the day at Salos Verdes. Many Cliff Swallows near the Lee's house. Mother in distance: Humming birds (Anna) June 18. We started the northward journey via New- Luna; lunch at Bullton; detour to La Purisima - a mission near Lompoc which has been restored since our visit there in 193 . A very interesting problem it has been: reproducing all the things necessary for rebuilding; adobe bricks, tile, doors, hinges, shutters, benches etc. etc. Birds very abundant - esp. Cliff Swallows, W.B. Goldfinches, Linneto. Also Thrasher, Song sp., Grosbeak, Anna & humming birds, Ash Th. Flycatcher - We visited the seed gardens - acres and acres; Bulbears, Bodgers etc. Larkspurs, Calendulas, sweet peas etc., etc. - most brilliant - Night at Casa Robler. June 19. At dawn a King bird; then a Bluebird; their linnets goldfinches, Calif. Woodpeckers etc. We detoured from King City via The Pinnacles to Hollister. At the Pinnacles noticed the following: Dried: Morning Don, White throated Swift, Calif. & Nuttall Woodpecker, W. Flycatcher Violet green Swallow, Calif. Jay, Titmouse, Bushtit, Shiner, Wild Nutbath, Wrentit, Canyon Wren, Vagors Wren, House Wren, Thrasher, Shalcatcher, Warbling Vireo; Grosbeak, L.B. & Lawrence Goldfinch, Linnet, Spotted & Brown Towhee, Junco (sp?).

1940 Between the Pinnacles and Hollister many W. Kingbirds Yb. Magpies, Meadowlarks, Blackbirds, Lark Sparrows on Lewis Mosspecker - Sparrow Hawks esp. at. between King's City & the Pinnacles. Birds common in S.F. Bay region which I noticed elsewhere Purple Finch, Robin, Purset-backed Thrush. June 20. Berkeley. A Purset-backed Thrush sang continuously at dawn and later just east of the house under my window. It must be nesting nearby. The House Wrens are feeding young in the titmouse box. (second nest) June 21. Went to Boulder Creek, Ill. I heard W. Tanager repeatedly, Black-Throated Gray Warbler heard several times. Olive- sided Flycatcher nearer than five weeks ago. I heard Water Thrush once (June 22). Allen Hemmingbird females, nectars the flowers. Cool, fog in morning. June 24. Berkeley. Purple Finch, Purset-backed Thrush. House Wren singing early. I heard Tolmie Warbler singing very softly. June 26. No wren song heard but young are being fed in box. June 27, 28. Boulder Creek. W. Tanager singing from tops of redwood trees nearby - About 6 p.m. June 27 a group of V. Swallows appeared, some flying very low. Seen again next morning. Washing Vine scale with tins up, still together: Grackles quiet. Olive sided Flycatcher calling. Blue- gave the three-syll. call - (a-fee-hew), another in distance. Two notes only. Male Purple Finch seen of his mate accompanied. Cool, partly cloudy.

Bartley July 2. The male House Wren has not been seen or heard. The female is busy feed- ing the brood which is quite noisy. A Junco is singing below the house. Brown Towhees are feeding full-grown young. July 4. We went to Boulder Creek via Dumbarton Bridge There were about 100 Willets, 25+ Forster Terns- 20+ Avocets - one giving alarm note. At the bridge proper about 15 Caspian Terns- Sandpipers (sp?) 25-30 Many Blackbirds and Cliff Swallows- At Mt View Marsh - Tides coming in - About Willets - a few. 25 Curlews seen (sp?), a few S. Clover, one Phoebe At Boulder Creek - very hot. W. Tanagers heard repeatedly, July 5. Boulder Creek W. Flycatcher called at inter- vals 2-4 a.m. Santa Cruz, 2 Com Loons- July 6. Mt. View Marsh. Tide just beginning to ebb. A group of 30-40 Curlews came in all Hudsonian, one S. Clover a few, one Demi-paleated Plover, Willets 8-10, Sandpipers 25+, Dowitchers a few in distance - (C. Raid At Dumbarton Bridge: Gulls more at. Caspian Terns, Forster Terns, Avocets as July 4 - a few Sandpipers sp? White Pelicans 25-30. July 7. House Wrens left box about 5 a.m. Near house all day July 8. Pileated Woodpecker and Ungar Wren in garden- They have not been nesting here. July 9. Family of young Bush-tits about. Grothman song heard. They have not been heard for sometime. Thrashers heard frequently - probably feeding on wild blackberries near the house. Family, 3 birds.

1940 July 13. Dumbarton Bridge; N. Phalarope 1000±; Willets 12± Avocets 15±; Forster's Terns - a few. pl. W. Pelicans 15±; W. Sandpipers few in full, Cliff Swallows ab. Mt. View Marsh. Tide out to 2pm/20/Hudsonian Curlew [illegible] Hudsonian Curlew 6±. Willets a few. Killdeer 6. July 14. Boulder Creek. No Tamarers heard. Calif Woodpecker prominent - came out to electric pole. P.b. Thrush still singing. Nest of Ro. Thrush in low brush below bank, exposed, empty July 15, Found by Miss Gladbring on June 11, contained 4 eggs. Lois picked up full fledged Pine Siskin lying on its back on the ground (not dead) July 15. Mt. View Marsh. Tide right 11:30 a.m.-noon; Birds not abundant - perhaps 200 in view from the highway; 2 Caspian Terns actively feeding; a few gulls resting 6±; 1 St. Blue Heron, 1 Turkey Buzzard (as the Buzzard flew over about 24 ft. & Hudsonian Curlew and 15 Willets rose). Bb. Plover - two in full plumage; Lb. Curlew 20±; Hudsonian Curlew 15±; Least Sandpipers 20±; Willets 15±; Dovetleurs 2. (? far out) (Other Curlews? too far out for close identification) Dumbarton Bridge 1:30-1:50 p.m. Bb. Plover 2 in; Snowy Plover 3 on dyke near Avocets (I have not seen these before); Willets 100± on dyke; Sandpipers plentiful 30±, Western with streaked chests. Avocets 40, some single orquard - females? Others bunched on spit 20± 6 close together in water - males? Forster's Terns on spit w. Avocets also feeding. Many near W. Pelicans - most Caspian. N. Phal. [illegible]

July 28. Boulder Creek. J.T.A. picked up a dead bird which I think is a young Black-throated Gray Warbler. By so, good evidence of their nesting there. He also saw a brood of about fifteen quail (just big enough to fly) with several adults in attendance. Aug. 3. We went to Boulder Creek by way of Palo Alto. At Dumbarton Bridge there were about 50 White Pelicans, a few Cn. Egrets and Carpinian Terns, many Willets and Avocets (one young avocet swimming in a salt pool) and thousands of N. Phalaropes. Cliff Swallows almost all gone — a few seen. In the afternoon I drove along the West Cliff Drive in Santa Cruz. At Gull Island Pt., one Dumbellot was on the water with a fish about four inches long in its beak. It rode the breakers as they came in, changed the position of the fish until he had it by the middle instead of the tail, then finally took off heading into the wind and returning in a wide circle toward the point. I could not see just where it landed. On the rocky shore there were two or three Tattlers and three Spotted Sandpipers, wagging the rear end of their bodies in characteristic style. On the kelp covered candy beach where many W., Calif. and (Ken- wane) Tulls were resting, I counted twenty Tattlers acting as Saunders do but in scattered — each one following the wave out and racing back ahead of it. [illegible]

1940 Least Sandpiper, doing the same thing, was, I suspect a Baird Sandpiper. (dusky chest, straight bill, a little larger than Western.) In the helfs the Black Turnstones were well protected as they blend in perfectly with the color of the kelp. Perhaps more than ten of them. Just off shore were two W.W. Desters, one of their with a very bright colored bill. Aug. 4. At the cottage Wood Bowers were the most conspicuous birds - a family, young able to fly but still being fed. I heard one Cassin Unio. Mt. View Marsh; 3:45-4:30 p.m. We had to wait for the tide to run out. Many Riledeer; also Caspian Terns actively fishing. The principal call notes heard were those of Bb. Plover- which have increased to more than 100. When we left Hudsonian Longbilled Curlews were numerous (15-7 Pied, 30 Long b; nearby) One Semi-paluated Plover seen clearly. Many Willets. Four Pintails flew over. Dumbarton Bridge; 4:45-5 p.m. Hrocuts, about fifteen scattered; 70 bunches. Three youngsters (in separate ponds) swimming. N. Phalaropes - abr. White Belicans 50+. Gulls < Sandp., very few. Aug. 6. Yellow Warbler in shade trees on Dumbarton. Aug. 7. Warbler and Vireo notes heard. Virginia Wrens singing songs of late summer.

Boulder Creek - A Thrasher was in the primrose bed when we arrived. Aug.10. Santa Cruz, W. Cliff Drive. No Vesper Sparrows. Lunietts feeding on seeds of wild radish. Gulliemots feeding young on small fish. One bird took food to a hole near the nest and went away. The other bird flew out of the nesting hole after which the first bird returned to feed. A third bird came to a different nesting hole. About Twenty Tattlers, most of them on the field stream beach. Tide coming in. Did not follow the waves but flew to a pool under the bluff from the kelp. Three Black Turnstones seen. 12 Br. Pelicans flying in formation. 3 Scoters in one place - one or bright bill Aug.11 Boulder Creek. Wood Parnes quiet but feeding over water. Hutton Vires heard - [illegible] - [illegible] - [illegible] Aug.17 1 p.m. morning heard three birds not heard during height of breeding season: Fletcher, Creeper. At Santa Cruz, 5 Tattlers, 35 Ganderbills, 20+ Br.Turnstones Heard Pt. Thrush and saw it. Aug.18. Heard Robin, Pygmy Nuthatch. Heard Cassin Vires. Aug.19 Boulder. I heard Robin again. Also Winter Wren. Aug.19. Berkeley, 4 p.m. Heard Grosbeak in Codornices Park. Aug.20. A young Spotted Towhee in streaked plumage came to the feeding tray. It began to scold when it saw me. Later an adult was feeding a youngster on the railing which was giving the note of a very young bird - On Treasure Island in its afternoon I noticed a few English Sparrows, one White-crowned (Nuttall Sparrow) and many Anna Hummers. Bonaparte Gulls and many Sandpipers on the bay shore and at high tide a bunch of Curlews on an islet.

1940 Aug.22. At daylight (5:15a.m) a Rb.Thrush called repeatedly. AT 5:45 a Wren-tit sang. About 10a.m a Gnatcatcher called repeatedly - in the deciduous oaks where he usually comes. A flock of Brush-Tits at the same time. Cold fog all da Aug.23. Fogall day. Aug.24. (With Mr. & Mrs. C. R. Keyes) Dumbarton Bridge; Blue young Avocet swimming on salt pool, almost grown but neck and head covered with grey down. Phalaropes still abundant.. Some Willets - Caspiian and Foster Terns ab. A number of Barn Swallows. High tide at Mt. View. (seem catching flies to erect wire) Aug.25. Boulder Creek., Wood Pencce, W. Varies, Rb. Thrush, moultiing; Aug.27. Berkeley Brown Towhee has outer tail feathers 3/4 grown Aug.31. Dumbarton Bridge 10:45 a.m. Cormorants, many Soul White Pelicans 60-80; Amer. Egrets 6-10; Caspian Terns; Foster's Terns, many; N. Shal. 1000+; Pintails 1000+ for eclipse pl.; Least Sdp. increasing; in roadway; B. Tern, alones 5; Willets 20+. No Grebes, Avocets seen. Santa Cruz: 5 p.m. W. Cliff. No Sheeps & parrows, No Tattlers. Cormorants (all Fan.). Br. Del. a few; Gulls W. & Neer.; Guillemot one or water with small fish in beak; Sandwirling 100+ ; B. Ternutones 12 - 15. Sept. 1. Boulder Creek. Br. Tow. moulting. Cil. Warbler singing (now seen or heard for several weeks). Other Warblers + Unicos heard. Large flock of Brush-Tits. Detail on each when we waked up. Mt. View Marsh. 3:15 pm. Birds increasing. Caspian Terns a few; Br. Plover 200-300; Willets 200+; Shear Yelb. left (seem mv. Willet) Godwits 20+; Lr. Curlew 50+; Huid. C. a few; Sandp. increasing at Dumb Bridge 3:45 p.m. Eared Grebe, 1 Albinos, 2 normal; No duck; N. Shal. 600+; Least Sandp. inc.; Caspian T, a few; Foster's, many. No ducks or Avocets. Barn Swallows 25+.

Thrushes began its post-moult singing. Sept. 2 Aquatic Park, many Foster Terns. No ducks. Sept. 3. First rain of season. Large flock of Rush Tits at pool. Sept. 4. I heard a Tanager near the house. A Rb. Thrush whistles and song notes rove. Still no quail families near 37 Moonwood. Sept. 5. I heard a Grosbeak call. Rain - Sept. 6. Rain. Sept. 7, 8. Boulder Creek, S.V. Vireo (Wooling), Rb. Thrush, Tr. W.Tanager, Br. Towhee feeding full grown youngster, giving calls of young bird. Chickadees feeding on Evening Primrose stems. Probably larvae. Saw larva of green beetle. Rush Tits in a large flock came later to same. Pygmy Nuthatches flew in from east about 9 a.m., Heard most of morning. Clear, fresh after rain. Sept. 12. Heard a Red-t. Nuthatch near the house Warblers in creaming. Rb Thrush heard or - canorally. Thrasher sings constantly in distance Sept. 14. Boulder Creek. W.W. Wren. Pygmy Nuthatches, W. Vireos heard. Sept. 15. Mt. V. Marah 3:20-3:40 p.m. Br. Plover, all winter pl.; Willets, Lq b. Curlew, 12-15; (No Hud seen). Less. yleps.2, Avocet 1 (in) Godwits 12+ nicer.; W. Sdp. near road. Dams. Br. 3:45-4:00 N. Phal. alt.; Eared Grebe 100t; F.Terns 20t. L. Sand p. seen close! Paintails a few. (Avocets in distance? Light poor). White Pelicans, 5 Shires flying across highway low, some in V, some in lines. Sept. 17. Rain last night. Cloudy. Sept. 24 Beautiful weather, Heard "Cluck-cluck" of H. Thrush at dawn. A few minutes later, whistle of Rb. Thrush, Grosbeak later. Lois reported G.c Sparrow song. Sept. 25. Pigeon Hill S.F. on Campus. And. Wailker in Badcroft. Sept. 28. Clear. Drove down to Boulder via No.I from S.F. To Half Moon. Bay - At Sharp's Park I noticed a few N. Phal, Ruddy Ducks & Coots. Sept. 29. Boulder Creek. Warm day after chilly night. Heard Hermit

1940 Sept.29. BaldenCreek (Cortin). Thrushes and G.c. Kniglets. Also Wood Peewee & Nutton Vireos. On the way home at Mt. Veis March the tide was not too far for best results. Birds had increased very much since Sept. 15, in total numbers. Bb. Clover ab. all in winter pl. Keld deer very ab.; Long b. Curlews more ab. than Hud. many of both. Willets ab.; 1 Lesser Yellowlegs (seem war Willet); Godwits ab. Dunitchers a few. W. Sandpipers ab. Avocets 12+ 1 Pied -Wills Ghebe. At Dunn Bridge: Only a few M. Shal. 12t, Eared Grebes 300+; W.Pelicans 20+; Am. Egrets 12+; Terns a few in distance, Ducks - a few Pintails ; Avocets 100+. Did not see Altrics Eared Ghebe. Beautiful weather. Puget-Sd. Dpamowhend Twelve Burgards on Patterson Ranch, five on fence posts. Oct.30. Aud. Warblers on Cedar St.; Oct.1. At 6:30 a.m. the song of a Fox Sparrow under my window; seen later at the pool, large brown type. Audubon Warblers and Ruby-crv. Kniglet heard. A flock of 12 Ducks giving alarm notes up Morewood Rd. All adults. pairs are in flocks now. Flickers & Aud.W. Increasing. Oct.6. Boulder Creek. Otter seen on river below the cottage by Haight. Hutton Vireo, Pygmy Nutthatches, 1 Vermil Thrush. Small flock Cedar Waxwings flew over Summit Lane passed. Oct.7. Codornices Park. Allen Hummer Group. No gnat. Am. Ama. Calif. Jay ab., Coast jay a few, Black Phoebe, Flicker ab., Brush Tits 1/2, R.B. Nutthatch 1, Unsetito heard, Thrasher, Nescuing bird, Cedar Waxwing 1/2, Aud.W. ab., Linnets, Distincts, Br. & Sp. Towhee, Puget Sd. Sp., Gambel Sp. ab. G.c.Sparrows, Long Sparrow. Rain in afternoon, Buq.Sd.Sp. Oct.8. Lorber Campus. No gnat, Amaz. Hummers 3, (wodding) pendulum; Calif. Jay, Flicker, Brush Tits (our flock), R.c.Kniglet(1), Robin (eating madrone berries), Aud. & Townsend Warblers, Br.Towhee, Purpl.Finch, Linnets, Puget Sd. Nuttall and G.c Sparrows (no Gambels), Fox Sparrow, Long Sparrow. Cloudy. Oct.9. Aquatic P. F. Tern*, B.Terns 20+ Oct.10. Clear. Hot. Lady Bird went to Carmel where we spent the night with Mrs. Saunders. Lunch at Moss Landing. Oct.11. Visited Pt. Lobos, Marine Biological Sta. Estero. Not.

Oct. 10, 11. Carmel Trip. List: Hecker Pass: Brewer Br., Dusky, noted. Puget ds. Sparrow, Calif. Woodp. Flicker, Cal. Jay, Sparrow Hawk. 2 Redtails. Moss Landing: Western, Eared, Piedb. Grebes, Brown Pelicans, Far. Cormorants, St. Blue Neron, Black-ot. Mt. H., Auc. & Dusky Egret; Buddy Duck, Quail/Hawk, Coots, Bt. Plowes ab., Killdeer at, Lesser Yellowlegs?, Baird Sandpiper (3 seen at close range, feeding rapidly in very shallow water), Least, Red. Western Sandp., Godwits ab., Sanderling a few on sand spit, 1 Red Phalarope (oil on feathers. Did not enter water. With sandpipers on small islet. Often attached by Sandpipers - Feet bluegray.) Gulls: Ring-billed: Bonaparte Gulls, Forbids Terms a few, Least?, ab., Turnstone, Dusky Eg., Whimbrel. Carmel: Arctic Term - a bird perched on point of rock or shore at dusk. Much darker than other Terms? Incres, bill slender, dark red. I think it probably roosted there as it was almost immovable. Watched it for some time when first seen. Still there when we returned 20 minutes later. Kingfisher, Black Phoebe, Bush-Tits, Vagons & House Wry, W. Greather (seen several times on brushy dry dunes) Shrike, Woodwile?, Linnet, St. Goldspitch, Nuttall Eg., Spotted Towhee, Song Sps (these five at pool at cottage) Pt. Lobos Redwings, Anna H., Pygmy Nuthatch, Chickadee, Say Phoebe, Marsh Hawks (2), Dusky Hawk, Sp. H. B. Tunnels: Marise Bird. St.; W & Heer Gulls: Calif. Gulls a few; Baird, Brandt & Far. Cormorants, (Oyster Catcher?), Surf Bird?, Aud. Warbler, Estero: Gulls, Mallards, Paddies, Lewis Woodp., Aut. Gr. (noon), N.-C. Sparrow. Crossnear Salinas 72 cp

1940 Oct. 12. Saratoga Grade. Hot - About 20 Vaux Swifts were near the highway about 2/3 way to Summit. Oct. 18. Boulder Creek. Hot. Nuthorn Varies heard often. Mt. Views Marsh. 2:45 p.m.; Tide out too far. Birds very distant. Saw distinctly: Bk. Clover ab., Killdeer ab., Lb. Curlew ab., Willets many, Godwits at Redback - one group 20-30, W. Sand ab. Dumbarton Bridge; Eared Grebes 500+ (couldn't see the Albino), White Pelicans 500+ - no long lines Closer than usual to roadway, Avocets & Willets at. Oct. 14. Allen Hummers went to Aquatic Park. Cooler. Grebes: 2 Piedbills, 8-10 Eared. Br. Pelicans 25+ flew over. Far. Cor. 8-10 on boom. Lt. Blue / Brown / on island Am Egret 5-8, Ruddy Ducks 20+, Mallard 2-3, Wnr. Bester in 2+, Sp. Hawks 1, Coot 1, L.W.T. Redt. Sandpipers?, N. Phal. 20+; Gulls: W. Calif & Bonap., Forster Terns 40+; Woodlark singing, Killdall, Preg. Sd Sparrow singing, Linnets, Darcunual Sparrow. 24gb Oct. 17. 18. Very warm. Birds increasing. Many And. Warblers Flickers, B.C. Kinglets (singing.) Oct. 19. 20 Boulder Creek - warm (with Eurecaus) Oct. 21. Cooler, cloudy Oct. 22 Cooler, cloudy Oct. 23. Rain at night. At Aquatic Park watching for Gargers - none seen. Terns & Birds. Grebe, F-Cormorant, Am Egret, Lt. Blue & Black or Night Heron, Brown Pelican, Lead Sandp., Redback (35+ flew over); N.Phal 1, Red several; Coot, 2 Ruddy Ducks, Piquibills & Western, Bon. Gulls; Forster Terns (30-40); Sparrow Hawk. All man Bird Res. Oct. 25. Rain. Oct. 26. Clearing. Went to Boulder Creek via Dumbarton Bridge At the bridge we walked northward to the Eucalyptus trees

where Lois has located an Egret roost. There were many white feathers under the trees. Saw Crowns Sp3, Spotted Towhees, Linnets, a hummingbird. At Ridgide and Warblers, Pipits, 1 House Lark; a few Am. Egrets, many Teres (Fortino), Willets, Avocets (a flock of 30+ plus over), later some 300 in salt pool north of road. Redbaches and L. Sandspears were abundant. A few Phalaropes among 300+ E. Grebies. (Did not see the Allbirds.) No W. Pelicans. A few Sandp. in the roadway - At Mt. View Marsh - birds increasingly ab. Bk. Clover, Long-b. Curlows, Willets most numerous. Many Mud-Curlews, Godwits, Redbaches & L. Sandsps. A few W. Sandsps. & Downtailers of E. Sandp. (smaller than Willets next to them). Boulder Creek. A duck flew overhead at the cottage. Lois & Miss Gladding reported seeing six on the river. From their description and the size as I saw it I judge they were Sp. Cypg. Bean. Wood Duck? (probably) Morganite 5. Later two were seen. - A W. Waterfowl seen, [illegible] heard skulking among the tangles of roots near the river. Much colder at night than here before. No frost. Oct. 27. Birds near the cottage: Ducks (two King?), Kingfisher, Swain, Flicker, Cabeau is Wd., Bk. Phoebe, Coast Jay (crows & Table), Chickadees, Bushtit, Cypg. Nuthatch, Col. Creeper, Vigor's Wren (sang), W. W. Wren, Hermit Thr. Robin, G.C. & S.P.c. Kinglets, Hutton Vireo, (our marble chip, prob. Townsend), Buffle Finch, Br. & Sp. Towhees, Fox Sp. juncos ab., Song Sp. Clear. Warm in sun. Oct. 28. The Allen (Herrmanns) went to Tilden Park & San Pablo Reservoir. Partly cloudy, cool. Found a flock of Golden- crowned Kinglets. Also several Ruby-crowned Kinglets, some shared crown when two came together. (dividing territory) Also quail, Flicker (ab.), Calif. Woodpecker (heard), Black Phoebe, Calif. Coast Jays everywhere: Titmouse, Bushtit, Wren - Sp., Vigor's Wren, Hermit Thrush, Robin, and Warbler, Tolequich!)

1940 Fords., juncos, G-c. Sp., Pug. Sd. Sp., At San Pablo Dams: Cared and W. Grebe, Loon (1) sp? ; Fan. Cormorants 15+; St. Blue Heron, Deer Egret (1), Canada Geese 125+, Pintails abr., Ruddy Ducks a few; Sh.-Sh. Hawks, Coot, Red & Sandy, Dovintcher (in mixed flock), Phal. 2+, Yellow Legs 2; Flicker, Calif. Jay, Titmouse, Bush-Tits, Wrentit, Virginia Wren, W. Bluebird, R-c. Knight, Br. Blackbirds, Waldorf Goldfinch, Juncos, crowned sparrows. Maragua Pd., Redtail, Titmouses, Calif. Jay, Scl. Billed Nutthatch; Nov. 3. I saw a Rufous-crowned Sparrow on upper Pano. Jamie Way. It alighted on a fence post. Its motives resembled those of a Song sparrow. Night very chilly. Nov. 4. The "Allen Hammers" went to Lake Merced. Clear and warm in middle of day. W. (Eared) and Pied-billed Grebes abr., F. Cormorants 6, St. Blue Heron, Ruddy Ducks abr., a few Blue bills, Sp. Hawks, Duvail (1 flock), Virginia Rail heard (Boisée) Florida Gallinule in. Coots abr., Gulls (sp?), Chalapages a few, Anna H. a few, Kingfisher 1, Flicker, Bl. Phoebe, Chickadee a few, Bush Tits (flock), Tule Wren 3, R-c Knight 2, And W. abr. in protected areas, Purple Finch, Sp. Towhee, Nuttall Sp., Fox, G-c Sp. (1 flock), Song Sp. abr. (Rusty Saps Sp.) A. - The Lincoln Sparrow (smaller than S. Sp., chieftain less prolonged, breast buffy, call Tarps.) At Cliff House many W. Gulls, B. Pelicans, 20-25 B. Ternatores. Tide high. Water in S. Merced very high. Boats on lakes. Nov. 5-7 Rain. Birds near house decreasing: Flicker, R-c Knight, H. Thrush, Fox Sparrow; Nov. 8: Drowned Antilope. Nov. 9: Boulder. Very few birds. Nov 9-13. More wintry with some rain. Nov. 15: Clear, warmer. I saw several Varied Thrushes near the next window. One was in the Loon bush, others in The oak tree above. Hermit Thrush more conspicuous.

Nov.16,17. Boulder Creek. Cloudy with snow/rain. Not cold. Madrone berries ripe - Birds very abundant. Every so many flying among the trees as we drove in - probably Varied Thrush. Near cottage: Flicker, Kingfisher, Chickadees, Hermit Thrush, Br. & Sp. Towhees. Hutton Vireo (singing), Rc. Knglet?, V. Wren. Nov.18. N.W. wind. Clear. Berkeley. Nov.28. Cloudy. A real winter aggregation came for food or water. Three quail - two males in the abalone shell together eating rye flakes & bread crumbs. (One Flicker in oak, immature-(no mustaches). Black Crescent.) Calif. Jay and later a Coast Jay at the pool. A Titmouse high in the oak. A whole flock of Bushtits after the Cal. Jay and Flicker had gone. Many in the pool at once. A wren-tit went into the pool with the Bushtits. A Thrasher battled (first bird seen in the pool) a long time while a Spotted Towhee kept near, awaiting his turn. As soon as the thrasher left he began bathing. A female in sight at the same time. One Hermit Thrush at the beginning of the fifteen minutes of watching. After the Bushtits left Three Knglets came to the pool together - but flying at each other. A Brown Towhee, two Song Sparrows and Three Fox Sparrows were coming and going all the time. Nov.23. Went to Boulder Creek for the day. Cold N.W. wind. Near the cottage three were great numbers of Varied Thrushes feeding on madrone berries. I have never seen so many before. Many Hermit Thrushes also. Bird pool frozen. Chukar Timber alive at 7 a.m. 26° (Lincolnshire.) On the way home after dark the eye of a dead cat on highway reflected our head lights.

1940 Nov.25, Warner, "Allen Drummer" near D Drumbar ton Bridge and Mt. View Marsh - Beautiful. Warm in middle of day. At Drumbar ton Bridge; Cared Grebes 40+. All but grebe flew in afternoon, 2W./Bie bil. W. Pelicans (Mr. Sheldon saw large group at 3:30 p.m.). Far. Cormorant - one in grebe pool. Gt. Blue & Black- co right Herons; a few Pintails. 1 Marsh Hawk, - weekend, 8-10 Clapper Rail (west end), two crossed the highway , one within ten feet of us. Rb. Olver many, Willets ab., Red-backed Sandpipers very ab. Many Western, a few Least. Gyphitis - 25+ Lon. Gulls very ab. Also pipits, Brewer Rbs. Gb. Gold- grebes, White or Sparrows. At Mt. View Marsh - much mud exposed. Birds very ab. Gt. Blue Heron(2), Shovelers 20-25, Gb. Olneyat Longbills Curlew 40+, Nudisornian Curlew 20+, Willets ab., Gt. Yellowlegs 3, Least Sandp. abund, W. Ssp. many, Red - backs everywhere in abundance (no downtchers), Godwits ab., Avocets 10-12, Gulls (sp.?), After lunch we drove to Deaneville Lake where we saw more pintails, coots, Ruddy Ducks & Gt. Bl. Heron. Did not go in: at entrance or near by. A Raw or heard Fletcher, Calif. Waps, Downy Wdp., Black Phoebe, Calif. Jay, Titmouse, Bush-Tits, Hermit Thrush, B.-C. Knight, And Warblers. Heard Bluebirds, Meadowlarks, Purple Finch Br. Towhee, Juncos, Y.-C. Sparrow, Along the highway, Sparrow Hawks, Redtail, Zunail, Shrike, Eng. Ssp., Linnets, Rat Total: Near Cortola there were several Lewis Woodpeck- ers. Total 52 species. Nov.26-28 - Warm weather: Nov.29. Boulder Creek. Birds feeding on madrone berries, very abundant; especially Robins, Varied Thrushes. Hermit Thrushes: Nuthatchs heard singing. Warner, Light post at night.

Dec. Nov. 5. Weather still beautiful with occasional fog at night. Went to Phoenix Lake above Ross. So warm at noon that we had to cool off in shade after lunching in sunshine. We did not find the Wood Ducks and male Hooded Merganser seen by Mrs. Kelly two weeks ago. But we had a list of almost 50 species: Western Grebe (bay), Pied-bills (ab. or lake), Far. Cormorant (bay), St. Blue Heron(haven) Lesser S Cnuf, Piqu-well, Ruddleis, Hooded Merg. & , Canoooseeks ab. or Lake ; Wnq. & Surf Scoters on bay, Redtail & Sparrow Hawks, Tnail, Costs (ab. or lake), Bb. Plover, Willet, Lb. Dovitcheer, Red-barked, Western Least dp. Western, Glauconous. & Bon. Gulls on bay or shore ; Calif. Woodp. & Flectice, Black Phlevee, Calif. Jay, Crow, Titmouse, Chickadee, Bush-lit, Slated Dr. Nuttatch (Sledore), Veper Wen, Hermit Thrush, Robin, Bluebird, G.c.v P-c Rueglet , Pipit, Nution Vares, And. Warbler, Meadowlark, Gr. Elbid, Euy. Sparrows, Luminet, Brown dp. Tortrees, Juncos, White cr. & G-c. Sparrows (no song?), Song Sparrows. 52 Species. Dec. 7, 8. Boulder Creek. Beautiful warm in middle of day, Cold with heavy frost at night. Bridge still more abundant. At about 3:30 p.m., The Varied Thrushes began a general chupfing and began to leave the madrone trees and settle for the night in the big redwoods at Joy Camp. About the same time the robins began to fly out and up toward Bearpound Mt. While watching them I happened to see a huge flock of Band-tailed Pigeons above the mount- tain. They disappeared on the other side, then reappeared ed birds or three times then finally went over the current. It was after four when the Hermit Thrushes

1940 began their excited chuckling before settling for the night and even later when the Fox Sparrow checked his last. The sun disappeared over the mountains soon after 3 p.m. at 2.p.m. (On the eighth there were hundreds of Robin and Varied Thrushes, a flock of Cedar Waxwings, ever so many Hermit (song phrases heard). Also flocks of Siskins, Chisteaders, juncos, many R.c. Kinglets, Heard Kingfisher. A Hermit Thrush & Dr. Forbes on the gate as I went to close it as we left. Dec. 10. Faculty Section went to Aquatic Park. Fog just disappearing. Birds seen: W. Pied-billed, Eared Grebe, Far. Cormorants 30±)6 cm. Egrets, 3 Blue Herons, Mallard 3, Canvasbacks many, Golden-eyes 15+, no males; Bluebills and Ruddy's very ab., 2 Merquarers females or young, Crests Bands invisible in two very short triple frayed feathers. Coots a few; Killdeer ab. near I.R.E., 1 Black- Turnstone. 1 Godwit in miner pool; Least, P.B. & W. Sandpipers - Ridbacks most ab., Sandpiper a few, Gulls: Western, Gull, Right. Glacous sp., Bonapartes, Pipits, Aud. Warblers, Meadowlarks, Redwinged D.b., Linnets, Crowned Sparrows. Song Sparrow, 3½ sp. Dec. 11, 12. Lady Bido went to Carmel. Tide high at Moss Landing: Saw Tires & Pied-billed Grebe, Loon (in flight dark wings against white underparts give striped appearance), Far. Cormorant, Lt. Blue Herons, Am. Egret (arrival), Snowy 1, Lesser S.Camp, Ruddy, Red-t. Merquarer (ad.male) (Clapper Rail, Coots, Willets 200 Bonaparte's Gull) Arlosp, Gulls, Yellowlegs, Along the highway: Sparrow Hawks ab., Yellow-billed Magpie - Kite at Salmon River - Bridle for Blackbirds, Juncos, Crowned Sparrows, Turkey Buzzards, Canyon Wrens. At Pacific Grove Marine Station: Brownell Cormorants, Western Glaucous, & Herring Gulls very ab., a few Calip T. Ring-bills. Short-billed Gulls, A Heerman's (some with white heads - 50 ±), Brown

Dale's cans, Ann. Magpaners 6+, Cypriot catelier, Surf Birds 15+, Black Tunnels 20+ Crow, Carmel: Coords, Cinnamon Teal 13, Eared > [illegible] Spawnd Hawks, Marsh Hawks, Phaenant, Gulls, Anna Hummers?, Kingfisher, Black Phoebe, Begy Phoebe (ob. alas up Ellision Slough, very ab.), Chickadees , Wren-tits, Brush-tits, Vagon Wren, TuilVran(head) Hermit Thrush, Greatcatelier (3 together). B.C Kinglet, Audubon Warbler, Townsend W., Yellowstroat, Shrikes, Linnets, Savannah Sparrows, Nutall Sparrows, Song Sparrows. At Del Monte Lake: Gulls, Eared, Red-billed Grebes, Wood Duck ad. male, very tame; came to be fed ; Shovelers, Mallards, Pintails, Ruddy's, Bluebills, Hawaiian Wood- pecker. At West Cliff Drive, Santa Cruz: Western Grebeat, Weslin, Heermann (a few), Calif & Ring billed Gulls, B.B. Clover, Willet, Black Tunnels 150s, Sanderling ab., 1 Godwit, H. Curled - now in great numbers. A Great contrast with Monterey Bay where gulls were swarming - 16,000 + at Pacific Grove. Landlaw Williams joined us and we used his Telescope. We failed to identify any Band of Cormorants. 5 short billed Gulls were off-shore at Pacific Grove. Herring Gulls eyes have a dark center, pale yellow iris and light eye ring. In late afternoon only the dark part showed. Dec. 11 was quite warm but the second day was cold with a north wind blowing and frost on the lawns in Carmel. Dec. 13. Very cold with north wind in Berkeley. No frost. Dec. 14-15. Cold. Dec. 16. Raining, warmer. Dec. 17-21 - rain, off and on; warm most of the time. Dec. 22. We started to drive to Boulder Creek but found it was raining heavily in the mountains and roads closed by slides (Snitches Dec.21), so returned from Nelpistas

1940 via Mt. View Marsh and Dumbarton Bridge. Tide was too far out but the whole marsh was covered with rain that many birds remained near the Bay Shore highway. Birds seen: Bb. Clover many, Long-billed Curlew 12-15; Hudsonian 2; Yellow- legs - one stood on a hummock of mud and yipped continuously. One of the Hudsonian Curlews was calling continuously from one spot also. Willets, several seen. Least, Red-backed & Western Sandpipers and Long-billed Curlews very abundant. Also Gadwalls at, Avocets 20t. At Dumbarton Bridge many Sandpipers and Clover at the west end (Tidal), 2 Western Grebes at the bridge; 200+ Gull Grebes, 400+ W. Pelicans, 300+ Ann. Egrets, Avocets 200+, Ducks (Shovelers) 150t, a few Buddies; Bonaparte Gulls and Forster's Terns (I had supposed the Terns were all gone.) Perhaps the absence of Pelicans and Grebes earlier this winter was because of the hunting season. Many pipits. Dec. 24. Still raining hard. I heard two Vigors' Wrens a Thrasher, and a Song Sparrow singing this morning (not raining at the time) and James heard a Varied Thrush. There were many gulls in the stadium. I watched one as it flew out. It spiraled 6-8 times before it was up high enough to fly over the top. Later the gulls were seen flying up the canyon. James said that football men came in to practice.

Dec. 25. Pouring rain most of the day. As I drove over To Lyon Rd. I heard many Song Sparrows (in different places) a Nuttall Sparrow and Robins singing. Dec. 26. Rain all day, can hear the gulls in the Stadium calling. Dec. 27. Still raining. Dec. 28. Rain and S.W. wind which just strikes the tops of the oaks trees. Robins seems to blow in as they seek shelter from the wind in the upper canyon. As I sit writing at my desk I hear constantly the notes of Varied Thrushes. Later (! 2 m) Robins continue to pour in and Varied Thrushes have come into the Logan tree under the window to eat the berries. Sometimes there are a dozen in the bush at once. This continued until two o'clock when I went upstairs to rest. At Two Thirty when I came down the berries were practically gone. Three birds were finishing them off. We heard a Sparrow Hawk calling, so stepped out to the porch to look at him. He was soaring in wide circles and calling frequently. Above him were many robins as high as we could see. A flock of brush tits was in the oak overhanging the porch and some came into the tips of the branches nearest me (3 ft.) When we closed the door they did not fly. Dec. 29. No wind, No rain to speak of. Cloudy most of the day. J.T.A. and I went to the Aquatic Park. I drew birds while he read. Many ducks. No male golden- eyes. Several Blue Herons and Ann Egrets. Sandp flying.

1940 Dec. 30. Clear. N.W. Breeze. Drove to San Francisco. Many Sandpipers, wandering along the shore. Both Ocelots T.W. Grelas on the way. Many Nuttall Sparrows singing near DeYoung Museum. Dec. 31. Heavy frost across the canyon, first time this winter. We drove down to Boulder Creek and back. Occasional flocks of crowned spar- rows in the valleys and one at the summit of the Davis mountains near the Ester Cross. At Boulder Creek the madrone berries were gone and birds much decreased. A Hermit Thrush perched on the top of the door to the automobile which was standing open. Varied thrushes feeding in the roadway, probably picking up fallen madrone berries. On the way home at Mt. View Marsh. The tide was too high but we saw many Shovelers, a few Coots, backs, Sandpipers. Least near road. A flock of 50+ Brown shore birds flew in, Curlew? (unclear). Some Willets and more Bdr. Plover seen. At Drumbarton several Western Grebes, one Golden-eye Duck W. and. Water very high, covering all the marsh south of the road. In the salt pools many 50+ Bon- parte Gulls mixed with Eared Grebes, picking food from surface of water. Red-backed Sandpipers numerous, a few Willets. Pelicans 20+, Egrets 35+ I Phalaropes - very near road; swam about, turning and whirling; then rose from the water and flew some distance - Alighted on the water again. Sparrow Hunt local. on way.

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