Alaska field journal and species accounts, v4466

Stevens, Gary L.
Unknown
Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley
Original Source
Source Material:
Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Contributed by Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. | www.biodiversitylibrary.org

Document Pages

388 Pages
Page 1
No text detected
Read Page
Page 2
No text detected
Read Page
Page 3
No text detected
Read Page
Page 4
No text detected
Read Page
Page 5
No text detected
Read Page
Page 6
No text detected
Read Page
Page 7
Stevens, G. 1962 - 1963 Alaska Journal: 1962, 1963 Species Accounts: 1962 - 1963
Read Page
Page 8
No text detected
Read Page
Page 9
Stevens, G. 1962 - 1963 Alaska Journal: 1962, 1963
Read Page
Page 10
No text detected
Read Page
Page 11
D. Stinne Journal 11 June 1962 St. Barrow Alaska Clear day, high scattered clouds. Temp - 58° at 1100. Snow melting off fast on Tundra. ¼ mi SE of ARL on body of water were about 8 pintails, majority were drakes. One, new to me, present. Has pintail Tail feathers w/ eye patch (light) on black head and neck Rump and lower body is white. Upper wing coverts have light brown arrows pointing distally. Did not frighten easily; pintails left as soon as we exposed ourselves- this one did not until we threw something near it. Checked Betram - 3 old squaw. ARL AIRPORT WATER (5.) (1.) POW (4) Recovery? (2) Beach Ridge (DRY) (3.) x (4.) x (2) On a slope ascending Beach Ridge, mammal said which was larger than a bounding, at least a foot long. Ran low to the ground for about 25 feet & then disappeared. Was a dark brown. Found some tracks leading to broken ice. (1.) (3.) 2 dead lemmings found. Taken back to Mullens for autopsy.
Read Page
Page 12
No text detected
Read Page
Page 13
Journal (4.) Five barnswings taken, put in pack. Put in colby. Very active. (5) 2 Bubs, 8" high no dimorphisin. Black head and belly; Head w/ white scarf; back mottled brown. High pitched song, but like a short whistle. On high ground near lake. Checked Peterson - Golden Clover. (6) 8+9 Longspurs on ground flapping wings (both) in a type of scuffle. Appeared that the male attempted to mount the female. Female immediately flew; I don't know how fast the copulation act is, whether [illegible] whether this is the length of the act or not. After female flew, male went through the display pattern & flying nearly straight up and gliding down while singing. 7. More pintails & oldsquaws here. Number 5+6 respectively. Incidentals: [illegible] pair seen. 2 other pairs of Longspurs. 2 pairs of Bunting. On a drier dry slope just SE of ARL, noticed patches of yellow buttercup-like flowers. All our exposed tundra - the grasses are becoming greener at the bases, growing upward further w/ each day.
Read Page
Page 14
No text detected
Read Page
Page 15
Journal 12 june 1962 St. Barrow, Alaska Clear day, wind (fair breeze) temp, 38°F (1230) Lemming colony - all were alive this morning (0900) for the first time. The heater was not on and the temperature was in the forties. The lettuce given each one on the 11th plus the reduction in heat seems to have perked all of them up. I am not going to add lettuce today and watch results. About 1400, checked traplines I + II for scats of carcasses- Dave Mullers put out. We found three, nothing startling. Put kill traps on I + II starting a 3 day, 6 hr chick. John Hines has the 2200 and John Sullivan the 0400. Checked line traps on Beach ridge at pipeline for mark & recapture. One lemming caught, toes clipped and released [illegible]. Central marsh very slushy and most ditches between polygons are breaking down. 2200 - 34°F no wind. Checked line traps where gas line crosses Beach Ridge. No lemming caught. Very quiet. Very few bird songs. About 1700, persons brought in about 75 lemmings. I don't have enough tags to house each individual, i.e. I won't be able to maintain data until these are thinned out. The temperature in the animal colony is being maintained at about 54°F (2200). I suspect there will be several death in the morning from lack of water, etc.
Read Page
Page 16
No text detected
Read Page
Page 17
Journal June 13 1962 Pt. Barrow, Alaska. Temperature at 0900 was 49°F; clear day and no wind. By night, cooled off to thirties. Spent all day arranging animal colony w/Dave Muller. Set up shelves and arranged the animals. Did not get into the field today. While pulling grass for lemmings, noticed Dupontia fischeri becoming greener. Small clumps of very green moss present. on rhizomes of some grasses were many annelids. A few lemmings had died; some from the stress of overcrowding and handling, others from a type of cannibalism where one lemming tries to sip the tears of another for the water content and accidentally nips him. After several nips by the others, the cannibalism is border way for the water, not the fleshly course. ARRANGEMENT OF COLONY (Floor Plan) WINDOW F F F F F F F F F TABLE thermograph scale H2O JUG BOARD FOR HOLDING INDIVIDUAL CAGE Q heater Sawdust barrel TRASH Barrel B19 CAGE Door BIG CAGES
Read Page
Page 18
No text detected
Read Page
Page 19
Journal June 14, 1962 Pt. Barrow, Alaska Checked lemming colony at 0930. Temperature okay. Started helping on date of dead lemmings but at 0930, went with mullen to collect blood samples from lemmings. Found three in the morning and eight in the afternoon. Worked on animal colony in the afternoon and evening. Temperature was in the forties in the field, windy in the morning, more in the afternoon. Very little snow left in the Barrow area. Lemmings population has regressed in the crew and slowly concentrated. Very little activity with birds. A few flocks flew over along with the usual longspurs, snow buntings and sandpipers. June 15, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska. Lemming colony thinning. No deaths. Worked on colony until after lunch. Early morning clear and temps in high forties. Day progressively cooled off. By 1500, was sprinkling. Most crew helped work on date of dead lemmings. Found a few pregnant cases. Mullen took vaginal smears. In late afternoon, I helped mullen tie copper wire to the mandible of lemming carcasses which are to be placed by a stake at the trap line just as the snow begins in the fall. If we can pick up the dead carcasses through the snow, we should find the copper wire in the scat. Will eventually finish writing about 250. Finishing up data started on lemmings yesterday today. At 2100, went with Dullinen and Hines to collect kill traps on line East and check the live traps.
Read Page
Page 20
No text detected
Read Page
Page 21
Journal Had been raining from about 1900 - 2100. Only a light rain. Very cold afterward although the sun is shining. Light bird activity. Nothing caught in kill traps or line traps. Kill traps were picked up. Water pools and ditches with water are becoming deeper. Holmes should know! June 16, 1962. Yoth Area, Ft. Bowrow, Alaska. 1900 - Set traps at III A + III B. No shows, only some water in troughs around polygons. There is a dog sniffing around which could affect catches. [illegible]. All day has been clear with temp. starting low in the morning and climbing steadily. Went with mullen earlier about 1430 to check for carcasses and scats around line IX + X that he placed there last summer. Found a few scats and a carcass. June 17, 1962, Ft. Bowrow, Alaska. Clear day, temp. in high fifties. Temp 51 at 1200. Lanning clergy okay. Bill [illegible] back. Went to Yoth Area with Sulliman Hires on collecting trip. They got several birds; red phalaropes, Baird's, Dulin's and longspurs. Activity is better than fair. Some displaying. Area is quite wet but passable. About 1900, went with Holmes to record bird songs at Britton's area. Recorder didn't work. Night is clear with no wind and quite warm at times. Went on to Yoth's Area. Staked out several nests (6) of three different species; Dunlin, Semipalmated and a longspur. Better than average bird activity.
Read Page
Page 22
No text detected
Read Page
Page 23
Journal June 18, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska. Day was overcast with intermittent showers. The tundra was covered by a light haze by the afternoon. Went with the Dove Mullen just south of ARL to collect lemming blood samples. We sampled eleven animals, all caught in the line of barrels nearest to the fresh water lake on the west tside. Finished my work in the animal (lemming) colony just after lunch and helped Mullen process the blood samples for the rest of the afternoon. That evening, I went through a square "cake" set for insects (Hymen). There was some bird activity in the field today even though we were only a small distance out. The water is running off rapidly now. June 19, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Strong wind blowing in from NWN. Clear day, temp. about 50°F. Started on lemming colony. Stopped to observe Mullen do an autopsy on some lemmings used for blood samples. Mullen very adept. Continued working on colony until 12:30. Read some yesterday. Rechecked lemming colony twice. June 20, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Still windy, morning temp. was high for this, but in afternoon, temp. dropped more. Worked on colony until 13:00. Prepared some extra cages to dispose the numbers of lemmings in the dry cage. Set traps with Sullivan on line 9410 about 14:00. The lines have some water at different points. Doubt if there is much activity in the area for lemmings, were because a jaeger (predator) and a snowy owl [illegible] right beside the lines. Bitelka didn't fly to Umiat
Read Page
Page 24
No text detected
Read Page
Page 25
Journal and surrounding areas for observation due to a fog and high winds which started about 1530. Maher is setting up experiments on Snowgeese & Bunting. June 21, 1962, Pt. Barrow Alaska; Couldn't start data on feeding and water use by lemmings in colony because data sheets are missing. Mullen probably borrowed them for study. Cleaned up a few others in the big cages. Last night about 1900, I gathered dry grass from the tundra by using a rake on the cutting performed by the lemming themselves. Filled the big cages after removing other grass and distributed some to the other animals. Weather still slightly overcast and wind blowing but not as hard as yesterday. A little warmer. Worked in colony for rest of day finishing the routine work and making water bottle tubes with a less bend for the larger cages. This, plus the new tubes are a greater diameter, should allow more water. Also added an extra water bottle to each cage. By afternoon temp cooled off like yesterday into low forties. Left at 2100 to check kill traps at 1545. I started checking while Sullivan went on to check his line traps on his plot. Nothing was caught on any lines. One trap was missing at 9.8 on line 3. Checked a Snowgeese nest for Maher. Still only six eggs, no nesting. We were back at 2140. A fog is coming in. Probably won't reach ARL yet but has reached POW.
Read Page
Page 26
No text detected
Read Page
Page 27
Journal June 22, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Clear day, wind still blowing in from S.W. Temp. in low forties. Checked kill traps on line IX + X with Sullivan. Nothing caught. Very little bird activity. Water draining from tundras into lakes had stopped. Tundra wet and sloppy in most of the area. Started to work on the lemming colony about 1030 and finished about 1530. Sullivan & Hino had already for Wainwright to set the trap lines. Sullivan will stay for the 3 days and Hino will return with the plane. In lemming colony, in over 50% of individual animals, there was a dropoff of food intake of at least 2 grams, usually more. What is strange is that most of these were building up a larger & large intake. Might be a feeding off time, or perhaps environment. Checked trap line IX + X at 2100-2200. Got 3 Lemmings, 2 on IX and one on X. Saw a flock of at least 64 pectoral Sandpipers on the road and adjacent hillside. (See species accounts) June 23, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Clear day, temp in low forties, wind slight. Checked Trap line IX and X after leaving Pitka at his plot. No kills. Checked 2 Longspurs & 1 area Bunting nest for Broder. Still eggs. Went with Muller about 0900 to collect blood samples. Found some nests of birds (see species account) but only 2 lemmings. One was running across the tundra obviously started by the prey. Went into a burrow. Started to use the shovel to dig the lemming out, but only the first plunge was enough
Read Page
Page 28
No text detected
Read Page
Page 29
Journal to send it running out into Mullen's Rands. The second was caught under a barrel in the lines of barrels closest to the fresh water lake road. After lunch, Hines joined us and besides succeeding in finding a few more nests, we caught 2 more lemmings, again in the same manner, one running into a burrow and another under a barrel. Day was bright & clear, would have been quite warm except for a cold breeze. All the blood samples were taken in what could be termed the 'Druma Area.' At 1500, helped Mullen process the blood samples by cleaning his glassware as he went along. Started work on the lemming colony at 1630. Gitelke, Brewer and Mullen decided to use an older list for a second animal colony for the newly arrived Mike Adams, who will use it for specific type of vegetation feeding to lemming. Finished work on lemming colony at 2030. Went with Hines to gather in traps from lines IX & X. Caught one lemming (?) on IX. Very chilly tonight (Huntus) though clear and sun shining brightly. Pectoral sandpiper flock seen last night on the fresh water lake road seemed diminished to about thirty. From what I saw of some today, the flock has spread out which would seem to mean they are just arriving. But Holmes says they are all males. Holmes also shot about a duck today. Also noticed the snowy owls were not in the area of the trap lines IX & X.
Read Page
Page 30
No text detected
Read Page
Page 31
Journal June 24, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Overcast day with a slight drizzle making it seem cold. Sun came out about 11:00 for a couple of hours but is now hidden. Started working on the colony about 1:00 and finished at 4:30. In the morning, I interrupted myself a few times and took a longer lunch than usual. Not much activity in airology; Maher is working on his experiments in Longspur and Bunting incubation. Sullivan is not back from Wainwright yet. Holmes has gone to Denver to do some censoring. After the rain, Hinw and I went to set 4 lines of traps; V, VI, VII, VIII. We went across the central marsh and past Vohlsebag Slough, missing the lines completely. Doubling back, we found V + VI near Sitelka's plot and then VII + VIII. Lines VII + VIII are partially underwater and Sitelka said that these lines were to be moved at least 30 feet to one side due to the churning up of the soil and vegetation. Fog cut visibility down to one-half to one mile. It was constantly drizzling. After having left at 9:00, we returned at 24:00. Due to this drizzle, there was a little bird activity but usually of short duration. June 25, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Clear day with a strong cold wind blowing from the NW. Sitelka checked traplines V, VI, VII + VIII. No kills. Worked on colony until lunch. Mullen pointed out several cages (??) in the warehouse for breeding cages. One
Read Page
Page 32
No text detected
Read Page
Page 33
June 25 (cont.) was too dirty, the remaining six had some sawdust put in them. I waited for Mullen before doing anything definite. When he arrived, the procedure went as follows: 1. Separated sexes from all the big cages. 2. In one big cage, several males were accidentally put. Terrific battles must have ensued, because everyone was hurt in some way. Mullen did not want to use any of these. Only one other from another cage was hurt. Tomorrow Mullen will run blood samples on these hurt ones for a criterion to base blood taken from stressed lemmings. Fortunately, Mullen extracted blood from a near-death lemming exhibiting stress conditions. Results were good. 3. All juvenile and subadult sexes were kept with their own sex since there was no fighting. The adult males & females were used for breeding. 4. It was necessary to use some males & females from the individual cage for breeding; these were replaced with young lemmings which offer a better metabolic curve. 5. All the ones in individual cages were sexed at the same time. 6. We secured a long wooden box, putting the six breeding cages on it, three high. 7. Afterwards, I made more water bottle tubes for the breeding cages and collected dry grass from the tundra
Read Page
Page 34
No text detected
Read Page
Page 35
Journal June 25 (cont') 8. Mullen brought down some curtains (white) for all 3 windows which were hung immediately due to the fact that other buildings around the colony had been moved which would allow too much light and, consequently, heat. Hines checked trap lines V, VI, VII and VIII tonight. June 26. St. Barrow, Alaska. Sullivan arrived at 0300 from Weinwright. Returned with 35 kills, about half-collared lemming. After I started working on colony, Mullen came to take blood samples on 5 wounded lemmings, all, save me, from the same cage. I then helped Mullen to process part of this blood by washing glassware in his cats until 1430. I worked on colony until dinner. After a happy hour at Mullen's, went with Holmes to the NW end of Upper Meadow Lake to try to record song of Sandling. Recording was a success; recorded the flight song of the Sandling. Snow flurries were falling from 2300 on into the next morning. No crow or quond, though. Turned on heater in lemming colony when I returned with Holmes. June 27. St. Barrow, Alaska; Worked on lemming colony all day finishing setting up breeding cages (4). Accomplished by removing males and females of approximate same weight from individual cages and mating them. The females were all open. Also put brown wrapping paper inside of breeding cage to add darkness. After dinner, I worked on the colony some more doing routine work. One
Read Page
Page 36
No text detected
Read Page
Page 37
Journal June21 (cnt') was found to have a,(self-inflicted, somehow?), forarm wissing and a blood slumg protruding. This animal Des jumped from the table before and probably severely broke it then. I will it away in the morning and replace it with another as it is no longer a control animal. June 28,1962, St. Barrow; Clear day with wind. Sun is very warm. Temperature in colony all right. Hines, Pitelka and I were all set to lay down trops on lines IV A, B & XI, XII; but the weasel we had wouldn't start and others were not available. I started on colony but was interrupted to help in processing data of lemmings. Hines was called away to observe birds & other creatures on a plane flight. Sullivan got work a few minutes later to eat lunch early to leave for Pitt Point after dinner. After dinner, Pitelka and I set lines IV A & B. Lines XI and XII were too wet. Holmes came along to Britton's Area and got off to do some observations. Pitelka showed me the way he wanted the lines set. Finished some work on the lemming colony before and after dinner. June 29,1962, St. Barrow; Checked the temperature in the colony first and then checked traps line IV A+B from 0830-0930. There were two kills, by the Lemmus, and both on A+B. A clear day with a strong cold wind from the north. After returning, read a report on the Absence of Stress indications in Lemmus trimonotatus by
Read Page
Page 38
No text detected
Read Page
Page 39
Journal June 29 (cont) Mullen & Pitelka. Went to work on colony about 1030. Worked on the colony until 1700. This included chasing after 2 barrels of sawdust. Also weighed the breeding pairs today. No abrupt charges yet, of course, but one did die when he (6) locked his upper incisors into the wire mesh and couldn't release. He was replaced immediately. Checked traps after dinner with Hines; no kills, very uneventful trip to lines IV & B. Attended a seminar on "Current Developments in Bird Orientation," given by Dr. Klaus Schmidt-Koenig. Had very good points. Returned to lab to process the two animals caught. One had what looked like placental scars, but Mullen does not think so. It has a closed pelvis. Mullen will check further. June 30, Pt. Barrow; Started on Lemming colony the first thing this morning and worked at it until noon during routine work. Hines checked the trap lines. After lunch, Mullen attempted to take urine samples but we weren't able to nab the animal and procure a sample at the same time without the animal losing all its urine first. I observed Mullen's work in counting reticulocytes and staining procedure beforehand. Pitelka left today with having the chance of feeling this warm day with the warm breezes and hot sun. The temp. at one time, near noon, was 64°F. Hines & Holmes both encountered mosquitoes at Beech Ridge & Vohlschlag Slough.
Read Page
Page 40
No text detected
Read Page
Page 41
Journal July 1, 1962, Pt. Barrow; Started on colony at 10:30 A.M. working out until 14:30. John Hines checked the trap lines (VII & VIII) this morning without finding a kill. Strained fairly hard this morning and was cold & slightly foggy until 15:00, the sun came out at this time, turned cold again and lazy. I picked through an insect sample for Holmes. After dinner #ines & I picked up the traps with out any kills recorded. July 2, 1962, Pt. Barrow; Worked on lemming colony until 14:00. Holmes & [illegible] went to [illegible] last night returning about 16:00 this afternoon. I put up a lemming study skin and John Hines & I processed six remaining female lemmings. John found one female with eight implanted embryos on one side of the uterine horn. About 20:00, Hines and I went to trap lines XIII & XIV to set the traps. Had no trouble in finding them. There was some bird activity. Got back about 21:30. It was a dreary day with a cold breeze and intermittent drizzles. July 3, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Checked traps at 08:30 on lines XIII & XIV after leaving Hines at Pitka's plot to census. Nothing was caught at the lines. After returning, Holmes took the weed out for observation on the Curlew Sandpiper and planned to pick up John on the way back. I worked on the colony until
Read Page
Page 42
No text detected
Read Page
Page 43
Journal July 3, (cont') Dane Mullen came in and wanted to take blood samples of healthy lab lemmings of the approximate weight to some stressed animals (lemmings) which had had their blood sampled. After the sampling I helped Mullen process the blood. I worked some more on the colony until dinner and finished the colony after dinner. The weather Today was varied with snow flurries and sunshine. Tonight a fog is settling in but visibility is good for about a half-mile. July 4, 1962, Pt. Barrow; Clear, cool day (40's), slightly overcast but clearing by cate afternoon. I worked on the colony today mostly having a great deal more to do than usual. Holmes & Sullivan checked the traplines EXT. EXT. this morning without finding any catches. In the colony I am fairly sure one female is pregnant due to a vaginal plug and another fairly certain due to a large increase in weight. Mullen is having breeding cages built with movable hinged doors for observation. There are no extra lemmings not in individual cages. After dinner Holmes & I went out, he went on to check the traplines EXT. EXT. and I stopped in the central Marsh to hunt specimens. Holmes returned about an hour later after I had got [illegible] only a Pectoral Sandpiper. Together we cut across central marsh stopping in the middle to shoot a Phalarope and a Red-Back Sandpiper.
Read Page
Page 44
No text detected
Read Page
Page 45
Journal July 5, 1962, St. Barrow, Alaska; A clear day with a strong, gusty wind from the east. I checked the colony first and then after cleaning a skull of a lemming and running a gun patch through a shot gun, Mullen arrived to go blood sampling on the tundra. We started close by the first row of barrels near Fresh Water Lake. and worked our way south. We found only one lemming in an hour. As we were around trap lines IX and X, Sullivan joined us and we proceeded to a pile of drums in the "drum area" Mullen had his problems from them. After just entering the area, a track was broken. We walked back to arology looking around the area for lemmings. Upon reaching ARL, Mullen discovered he didn't have the body of the sampled lemming. After lunch, I backtracked to the woosel but didn't find it. Mullen went with me a second time and found it. Holm and Hine left for Inuvik for the day returning about 1700. They checked the traps this morning on their way and found nothing I worked on the animal colony from 1830-2030 and went with Hine or Sullivan to pick up traps on XIII & XIV. No animals were caught. This line completes the series run here at Barrow for the first third. We will begin all over again earlier but not later than the 15th of July. Mullen came down to ARL proper to find the medic to work on his hand he had cut with a wood chisel. It was-
Read Page
Page 46
No text detected
Read Page
Page 47
Journal July 5, (cont.) a good, clean cut, bleeding profusely at first, but Dave had stopped the bleeding. The medic was [illegible] & began work. July 6, 1962, 82 Barrow, Alaska; Clear day with a warm breeze but cooling off toward evening. Started on lemming colony about 0830. One worked a few minutes & broke a graduated test tube during work on the first lemming which made me decide to do something else for awhile being still too groggy to work right. I started skinning a Phalacrope with occasional advice from Holmest Hines. Sullivan had walked out to his line plot about 0900 returning at about 1100. I worked on this bird all morning, working slow, then having to take it apart and do it again. It didn't cut extremely bad, but very anatomic. Mullen could not obtain a weasel for blood sampling this morning but finally got one this afternoon, so we decided to leave at 1400. However, news came that someone, Hines or Sullivan would leave for Cape Simpson right away. Hines & Sullivan were at Pitalka's plot, Hines censuring and Sullivan clearing. I went out and brought them back in, The three of them, Mullen, Sullivan & Hines, decided Sullivan should go, and that Hines could go on the pickup plane and Sullivan could slow him the lines at that time. Now the plane will not leave until tomorrow. Immediately afterward Mullen & I went looking for lemmings. We did not find a single one, even though we spent 2 hours in the
Read Page
Page 48
No text detected
Read Page
Page 49
Journal July 6 Cont' Voth Area searching. Mullen's hand does not bother him. I worked on the colony after dinner finishing about 2100. Tomorrow Mullen wants to go to Kepik to search for blood samples. Note of Interest: the Arctic Fox investigators, Dave Chesmore & Duain Davies returned about 2200 tonight. They reported finding many dens, but no activity in any. They saw only 3 foxes. July 7, 1962, St. Barrow, Alaska Clear day with a soft, warm breeze. It became warm enough for the mosquitoes to come out, especially in Central Mandal. I checked the [illegible] colony first thing this morning, checking the temperature and water bottle failures. Until Mullen arrived at 0920 to go blood camping at Kepik Slough, I worked on making museum special with Hines & Sullivan. Mullen and I circled around the POW site finding one learning under a barrel. Later one was found near Kepik Slough. There was plenty of bird activity, quite a few in flocks. Sullivan left for Cape Simpson before lunch. Hines & Holmes left to go insect sampling after lunch. I helped Mullen with the blood sampling and then went to the Voth Area to gather some dry grass for the Breeding cages. I worked on the breeding cage for awhile and then went to dinner. After dinner, I finished the colony work,
Read Page
Page 50
No text detected
Read Page
Page 51
Journal July 7 (cnt'l) including adding new breeding boxes which have a lift table Top for observing the young. These will replace the coffee cans. The weather has changed. Claude rolled in and the wind came up. Now it is raining which started about 2:00. It is only a steady rain, not heavy. (sp.) A friend of Mahr, John Karama, came in today. Mahr says he is a botanist. July 8, 1962, Barrow, Alaska Started to work on the colony the first thing in the morning. I made a mistake in mixing up data sheets and lost two hours untangling it. The weather was gloomy with intermittent showers in the morning, clearing in the late afternoon and evening. Mahr did note that the barometric pressure was down to 27.7 mm, the lowest Mahr had seen it this summer. After dinner, I baby-sat for the Mublins while they went to a movie I had already seen. After the movie I left with Holmes for Skroolik. The Warrigan had been broken into for the second time. Only a few can goods had been taken. No equipment has ever been taken in any instance. The latch with the padlock had been unscrewed and removed. We traversed the plot the next morning moving quickly through the area due to little bird activity. After lunch we took the long way to ART by circling through the marshy areas at the south end of Skroolik Lake. Observed flocks of phalaropes, saltini's gulls, and various numbers of Steller's evers [illegible] Jaegers, Arctic terns, Snowy Owls & Old squaws!
Read Page
Page 52
No text detected
Read Page
Page 53
Journal July 9, 1962, Lake Skravik, Alaska; Clear warm morning, warm enough for the mosquitoes to be out. We censusd the plot, moving quickly through the area due to little bird activity. After lunch, we took the long way to ARE by circling through the marshy areas at the south end of Lake Skravik. Observed flocks of Phalaropus, Sabini's gulls and various numbers of Stellar's Hens, Longtail Gages, Arctic Terns, Snowy Owls & Oldsquaws. Upon reaching ARE, I checked the colony to find Dave still working on it. I finished what was left later that evening. Dr. Schulty and Dr. Connie D....... arrived this day. On the way in, Holmes spotted a lone Caribou to the north of the Sea wall. We couldn't get within 3-4 Hundred yards of it. July 10, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Very crisp morning with some wind from N.E. Mullen and I went looking for Lemming to blood sample and also, Dave wanted birds to skin this winter. It ended with just the taking of birds as we found no Lemming all morning. After lunch we tried for some Lemming but finally came back and got John Hino along with Bill Maher to go to the Duck Camp hunting Eider. I rode with Bill Maher arriving after Hino & Mullen had already shot 3 Oldsquaw. Moving back to a dirt bridge SW of the Duck Camp, Dave bagged 2 King Eiders. John Hino had gotten one but it swam into Salt lagoon #1. Before I could work on the colony,
Read Page
Page 54
No text detected
Read Page
Page 55
Journal July 10 (cent) I had to pick up Slemming in the Village from P. Savolik. After this did the work in the colony. July 12 St. Barrow, Alaska; I was still in my hut when Sullivan came and asked if I wanted to go with Dave Hines to POW # at Cape Simpson. I rode down to Bouldon's House to see if he would take care of the colony and then went to the airport. The weather was clear here but at POW #, the ceiling was down to 500 ft. Murphy, the pilot, had no trouble landing. Cape Simpson, Alaska; The POW station here is smaller than at POW main of course, but very adequate. The first thing, Sullivan took Hines and I to the four lines and we walked each one of them. We returned and waited for the plane. On the return trip, I noticed that the ice was broken up in small pieces off the shore of AK. There were not any apparent mass movements & birds, in fact, not even solitary ones were observed. July 14, St. Barrow, Alaska; After checking the colony, Dave & I left for [illegible] Ilkik Slough for blood sampling. We found two before lunch but did not go back after lunch. I worked in the colony the rest of the day after helping Dave to process the blood. On the return trip from blood sampling, a Red-backed Sandpiper nest with nestling was found. All three nestlings were taken along with the female. All three were promptly sacrificed as Dave wanted to know
Read Page
Page 56
No text detected
Read Page
Page 57
Journal July 11 (cont) the stomach contents without further digestion. Also a phaloscope nest with nestlings was found but not taken. A clear day but overcast. Wind was from the N.E. July 13 - St. Barrow, Alaska; Started on the colony about 10:30 working until after lunch, Hines, Sullivan & went to set traps in lines I, II, III & IV. Very nice day, warm breeze but slightly overcast. Holmes & Waller took Tracy I. Storer & his wife on a small tour of the Tundra. The Storers arrived the 12th and are staying with some people here for a few days, just on a visit. The lines have lost much of the water that was evident earlier between polygons. We will have to check line VI & VII to see if it would be possible to run them. I finished the colony upon returning. Something I should have noted earlier, in fact two things; one is that there are two litters being taken care of in the lemming colony, one from a pair of breeders and another from a female who was brought in from the village & had the litter the same night. Another fact is that in some 13 lemmings brought in from the village 2073 were very young, suggesting that some young are running around. July 14 - St. Barrow, Alaska; Very warm morning, heater had to be turned off immediately in the colony and windows opened. After doing some of the routine work, Dave came by and suggested a much faster way of doing the routine work, which I decline to use simpler & actually, faster. Also Dave wants to run a test on 10 lemmings (y-34),
Read Page
Page 58
No text detected
Read Page
Page 59
Journal July 14, (cont.) 38° & 39°, by putting these in an environmental temperature condition which would be colder, especially at night, and seeing if the weight increases. Dave noticed that the weight spurts at the beginning of the summer were coincidental with the fact that the temperature in the colony was undergoing great changes in temperature. Now, the temperature has been controlled to 55° F., ±5°, and the weights have leveled off. New animals arriving do not seem to take a large weight spurt as the beginning animals did. Significance? The six animals will be put on the "back porch" of airology and the back door left open. Bill Maher will not have his equipment here as he is going away on a plane trip for a week or so to Berkeley. About 13:00, Dave invited me along with Schultz, Preiper, Japp, Hines & Delwitz, to go to the Point looking for Eskimo artifacts, duck hunting, and in some instances, a look at the vegetation. Hines & Muller got off at the "Duck Camp" and the five of us continued on. Schultz & Delwitz found a few interesting items. I wandered down the shelf of land running east from the Point. I came across a Brant in the ocean but couldn't entice it in closer. Barnal flocks & Aldaquans were around and I did see a deal bobbing up and down, but it dived completely when I tried to get a little closer. Drifts of fog sauntered across the Point several times. When I got back to the Point proper I noticed a loon-like bird flying within shooting range. The
Read Page
Page 60
No text detected
Read Page
Page 61
Journal July 14 (cont') Second time it passed, I waited for it to fly over my head and turned to shoot it going away but I looked directly into the sun. The third time it returned, it was with its mate. This time, I hit it when it was directly overhead. Actually, I could have gotten both if I had not been concentrating so much on one I was a little cautious about shooting twice when I didn't know what they were for sure. Upon closer examination, it was a Red-throated Loon. Hinosis putty up the skin. I finished up the colony that date afternoon & evening. July 15, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Hinosis Muller left for the Snake River at 0700 via the float plane. I worked some on the colony while Sullivan checked the trap lines. The colony took longer than I expected, due to a lot of weighing and since it was Sunday, I didn't much else after dinner except check traps with Sullivan July 16 Pt. Barrow, Alaska Sullivan checked the traps while I started the work on the colony. Before I actually started, I served the lemmings in Mike's colony, trading him six of mine, which were near in weight (30-40 gms) for 5 pregnant females. I set the females in a deep type of individual cage that Mike had. A new litter was born today, of nine pups, after doing well. After lunch, I borrowed Dick's weasel and went to Voth Area to gather some dry grass
Read Page
Page 62
No text detected
Read Page
Page 63
Journal July 16 (Cont') For nesting material. I also checked lines XI + XII for dampness. Except for a few spots of wetness and one plush on other parts, the lines are okay to run, in fact, this is probably as dry as it is going to be. On the return trip, I saw 2 ducks in the ocean I didn't recognize. I described them to Dick and he went with me to take a look, but they were only Steller's Ducks. I finished the work in the colony before dinner. After dinner, Sullivan & I brought in the four lines of traps in time to make the seminar Given by Hal Beeton on the properties and experiments he has performed on ice. Very interesting. July 17 Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Very warm day, had to open door & windows in colony as soon as I arrived in the morning. Worked on the routine stuff until lunch. After lunch, went with Sullivan to put out lines III A,B + IV A,B. Quite a few insects were in the air. I got a pregnant female alive at IV and took it back to the colony. Stayed warm all night. The duck hunters have started at the "duck camp." July 18 Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Another warm morning and the door was left open. I moved six lamnings to the "back porch" of aerology for an experiment: this experiment is to see if the lamnings will increase in weight if they are put
Read Page
Page 64
No text detected
Read Page
Page 65
Journal July 18 (Cnd.) In an environmental situation as far as temperature is concerned. The back door will be left open at all times to allow great fluctuations in temp. After the routine work, I weighed the six pregnant lemmings obtained from Mike through trade and started them on food/water data. I had checked traps that morning with Sullivan and this night too. July 19. Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Warm day but enough breeze to keep the insects down. Checked traps in the morning with Sullivan. Started skinning a lemming, couldn't get the flots off from around the jaw area; decided to soak it in white gasoline. Processed the lemmings caught in traps with Sullivan and then helped Sullivan mark the point on his device for point sampling. Started to work on the colony after lunch. I did the six lemmings in the temperature experiment first and then went to the colony. When about half the work was done, noticed a birth process going on from one of the pregnant ones brought in the village. She had already dropped two or three when I noticed her. I could observe her because she didn't have a breeding boy. She turned in a tight circle within the nest, once almost rolling over on her back. Once there was a good view of her eating the afterbirth the births were about 2-4 minutes apart. At
Read Page
Page 66
No text detected
Read Page
Page 67
Journal July19 (cont') intervals she would fuddle on her letter either clearing or just resting. once she did go for water. She didn't seem disturbed due to my presence even though she did know I was there. I weighed the nine pups about an hour after all had been dropped. July20, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; It rained the night of the 19th but had stopped by early morning. Rain started when we went to check traps or stopped when we got back. I spot up a Golden Plover chick after doing the routine work on the sky on the "back porch" of Aviology. Mullen and John Hines are not in yet. Mober left with the float plane and will be back Saturday. Worked on the colony until dinner, after dinner we collected traps. I finished the colony right after dinner. July21, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; A cool day. Started on the Colony first thing waking on it until lunch. About 14:00, Sullivan left to set lines V, VI, VII, VIII in central Marsh. I forgot to tell him (Sullivan) that F.A.P. wanted V & VI moved to one side until today, and now it is too late. We will move them next time. There were weasel track freshly run across VII & VIII. We'll have to find out who's been going into the Marsh recently. Did some more work on the colony after dinner.
Read Page
Page 68
No text detected
Read Page
Page 69
Journal July22 St. Barrow, alaska; Very pleasant morning, cooling off toward noon. Checked traps with Sullivan and then started on colony. Worked on it until dinnertime. After dinner, checked traps again. Rained hard for awhile tonight, July23. St. Barrow, Alaska; Mike is back and I suppose a flight will be going to pick up Mullen. Him arm. Checked traps this morning with Sullivan. Very windy but not too cool. Started working on colony but stopped before lunch to see Hines who had returned with Mullen- John told us stories, will be interesting to hear Mullen's version. They took 30 lemmings at the Drare along with birds. Also caught one shrew. John reported very little massing of gulls, but did see distraction displays Bottorola & Black-bellied Bows. Finished colony after lunch and in evening. Sullivan & Hines checked traps. Wind still blowing strong, becoming cloudy July24. St. Barrow, Alaska. Checked colony and talked to Mullen, briefing him on progress. Schultz received a shock, Mike Adams wants to go in a week to start on another job. This is a critical time. Perhaps Mullen can work out something whereby we can help. Sullivan and Hines processed the damples from the Drare. Tonight, line V, Y1, V14 VM3
Read Page
Page 70
No text detected
Read Page
Page 71
Journal July 24, (cont') Have to Come in. Tomorrow X1, X11, X111 + X1V will be set. July 25 Pt, Barrow, Alaska; Started on putting up a lemming skin until Mullen came and we began work on the colony. Mullen is trying to plan ahead for experiments. We went over the data on the litters. Some will be toe clipped for individual growth rates while two others are reserved for an experiment for Schultzy. Yes, We have worked out a procedure with Schultzy for running this extra colony. Adams will complete a 10-day experiment on ten animals with the grasses, Dupontia + Arctophyta. At the present time, the experiment is being run for data concerning food & water consumption, weight gains or losses, and feces analyses. Mike Adams wants to leave Aug. 31st. On this day or the next, we (or rather I) shall start to cut back on the amount of grass being added, and put in part less chew. Thus, the next day, put in more less chew then grass, and the following day, just less chew. This will give all animals an equal start on the next ten day trial with Eriophorum + Carex. Another experiment to be run (perhaps with the growing litters) will be to add grass from the fertilizer plot to half a group, (probably, again, a litter), and to the other half, grass grown normally on the tundra. Schultzy is devising an outline before he leaves the 28th. Bess Pieper will probably do most of the collecting of grasses, although we will all try to help as much as possible. Mullen decided not to go blood sampling, but to work on the colony some more today.
Read Page
Page 72
No text detected
Read Page
Page 73
Journal July 26, St. Barrow, Alaska; Checked the colony for water bottle failures and the temperature range. When Dave arrived, started to work out the experiments for the colony in a more formal way. We figured how many dbreeding cages we had and how many with litters would need one. Then the remaining cages (2) [illegible] are to be filled with a male each, acting as studs. Acceptable females will be placed in the cage with a male for five days and then put in a deep cage with a breeding cage. This will give a known uterine scar count. Four other females with litters who are probably pregnant already will have a male in with them all the time to see how many litters they can possibly have. Worked in colony all day with Dave. Very windy day but clear. July 27, St. Barrow, Alaska; Started in colony with Dave to finish up all the work started the day before. All the experiments discussed on July 26 were started. Have a good organization. Dave plans to take blood from several of the colony members if he cannot get adequate blood in the field. It started to rain last night early in the morning. Today it is very windy. (a micromet permit said he recorded a gust of wind up to 31 MPH; this is not the highest, 5 am one.) There is constant drizzling. After dinner I went with John Sullivan to collect traps from XIII 4 XIV. Mornin, just the wind at this time. Many of
Read Page
Page 74
No text detected
Read Page
Page 75
Journal July 27 The traps were under water or floating. July 28, St. Barrow, Alaska; Started on colony in the morning working on it until noon. There had been some drizzle this morning and been overcast all day. The wind almost continually blew from the west. In the afternoon, Mullin, Hirst & I went to the Point to collect, hunt ducks and see if anything was washed up on the beach. All we ended up with were some phalaropes & Turnstones. Dave collected. Started to fog in about the time we left and visibility was cut to about 100 ft. by 1700. Arrived back in time for a few minutes of a "happy hour" for the Belyons who are due Sunday, 29th. Finished the colony after dinner while Hirst & Sullivan got the traps in from X14X11. July 29, St. Barrow, Alaska; Didn't do anything until after lunch. Had a long night, the 28th. Worked on saunter work in colony until dinner. About 1600, Rev told me to come to Aniology & meet Alfred Bailey, a man named Walls & Tom Brewer. Very interesting were some of the tidbits told by Bailey of his times here, 41 years ago. Mullin showed him around and then went to the village with them. Occasional drizzling all day with fog coming in about 1900 and leaving around midnight.
Read Page
Page 76
No text detected
Read Page
Page 77
Journal July 30, 1962, Pt. Barrow; Started on colony early because there was a possibility that Sullivan & I might go to Wainwright; he, to set traps and stay, and I to find out where the trephines are and return. Won't be able to go until possibly tomorrow. Went sampling for blood with Dave. Went to the "barrel area." Caught 15, of which 14 were sampled; the other died too soon. It was very easy to find these. Over half were juveniles. One litter and mother were taken. This took three hours or more. Started processing the blood by 1530. I washed the glassware while Dave analyzed. His dye was off and his microscope burned out but we struggled through. Went to the colony to finish. Dave joined me soon after we finished it. Seminar Tonight, steering Dr. Wood with his subject of "Arctic Flowers." Drizzled off and on with a small wind. July 31, 1962, Pt. Barrow; Checked Colony for water bottle failures and then worked on the colony data sheets. Sullivan volunteered to help me in the colony. I finished with Sullivan's help, by 1500. Dave & I went over the project of Schultz's for grass feeding the lemmings. Adams left today. We put the lemmings on lake chow to start them all from scratch. In 3-4 days, we will start these on Eriophorum Carex. I went week with Dave to wash glassware because Max Brewer wanted everybody in their lab due to an inspecting team [illegible], undersecretaries & what-nots, visiting
Read Page
Page 78
No text detected
Read Page
Page 79
Journal July 31, 1962 St. Barrow; the lob. Never did see them. Of course, we didn't go to Wainwright today but maybe tomorrow. Rain a couple of times today with occasional breezes. Very nice night, no breeze, most of cloudiness gone. August 1, 1962, St. Barrow; Sullivan is supposed to leave for Wainwright, and I'm going to learn where the lines are and help set traps. I've left an outline of the things for Mullen, to be able to keep the sequence of work going. It doesn't look now, since it is after lunch, that we will be able to go to Wainwright until at least this evening. I've already done the temperature fluctuation experiment animals Dave helped in the colony when we replaced the rotating breeder with two new (Vaginal open) females. Cool night but clear. Mullen & Hines went to the Point hunting ducks. Sullivan & I waited around but no flight. August 2, 1962, St. Barrow; I again set up a procedure sheet for Mullen to follow in case Sullivan and I should go to Wainwright. I checked the colonies and got a lamp for the "big" colony including a multiple plug. We left for Wainwright by 10:15 arriving there at 11:15 Very good flying weather there. Saw [illegible] Carbon & (Campylobacter) and many dead walrus seals along the shore.
Read Page
Page 80
No text detected
Read Page
Page 81
Journal August 2, 1962, Wainwright, Liz III; Put our gear in a quonset and had some coffee. Took all four packs out toward lines I & II. Caught a live juvenile lemming there. Mosquitoes weren't bad near I & II, but were very numerous around III & IV and in the area between the two pair of lines. There was standing water in between almost all polygons. Went back out after dinner to look for live Diicrostonyx. Nothing moved except mosquitoes. Did collect a netting of perhaps a Red-throated Loon; at least it is a loon. Some sprinkling of rain. August 3, 1962, Wainwright, Liz III; Sullivan checked traps while I looked for live Diicrostonyx. I couldn't find anything after two and a half hours of mosquitoes. Came back in. Sullivan in a little letus with trap specimens. Caught 44 lemmings, only one of which is Diicrostonyx. We wrapped them and put them in the freezer. I called ARL and Dave Muller to send another hundred paper sacks via the pilot. Pilot with one of Dr. Bohnsack's crew arrived just after lunch to take me back. Returned in time to help Dave with the colony. August 4, 1962, Ft. Barrow, Alaska; After checking colony, went blood sampling with Dave. We checked the Bees Ridge but could not find any pigs. Came back into the Barrow Area and in about three hours, collected only 5 lemmings. Dave collected some birds, including Gulls', Vectors and Semipalmated Sandpipers. A little
Read Page
Page 82
No text detected
Read Page
Page 83
Journal August 4, Pt. Barrow; Rain came intermittently, but still a pleasant day. Hines left for Pitt Point with Rex Pieper this morning. Gleason will return with the pilot. Helped Muller with the blood processing. Didn't start on the colony until after dinner. Worked on it until nearly midnight. Dave helped some for an hour or I would have been longer. August 5, Pt. Barrow; Didn't start in colony until after 1300. Spent entire day there trying to do so many extra things. Three litters had to be pulled and put in separate days, but only half a litter to a cage. Two of these litters will be used for an experiment for Schultz. I got a barrel of sawdust yesterday so while all animals were weighed, all the cages were changed. Dave wants to do blood sampling tomorrow morning. August 6, Pt. Barrow; Changed all thermographs; checked for water bottle failures, did the work on the temperature fluctuations in animals and worked out a procedure for colony work today before Dave arrived. He decided not to go blood sampling, too many other things to do. We divided two litters into equal (or nearly so equal as possible) weights, four to a deep cage. Dave one half of the litter fertilized grass from Pieper's fertilization plot and the other half unfertilized grass from the control plot. This was done to two litters and both put in the small wagon. Two more acceptable females replaced the two in the
Read Page
Page 84
No text detected
Read Page
Page 85
Journal August 6, Pt. Barrow; rotating lemming's cage. Two animals were set up on a specific type of grass. One was on Dupontia and the other on Petricides. These will be fed this today & tomorrow. Tomorrow, both will be sacrificed for blood and stomach contents. These stomach contents, along with others to be run on the other grasses around here, will serve as criteria for Miller to compare with animals caught this winter. By comparison, we may be able to tell what the lemmings are eating this winter. Sullivan came back today from Wainwright. He set out lines I, II, IX & X. This is the start of the third running. A very dense fog rolled in this afternoon blocking the big planes from coming down. It cleared later in the afternoon, some clock over Thucker this evening. It rained for a few minutes about 2100 and then cleared abruptly into a windless, high cloudless night. Aug 7. Aug. 7 Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Started on colony in the morning. Starting the work for Piper. Interrupted by Dave who wanted to sacrifice some lemmings for their blood and particularly some who had been fed the special grasses. We started processing the blood when Ted Humphrey came to tell Dave the Peters Lake flight was ready. Dave had decided to go with Holmes and Rick Ashley, Dr. Bohnsack's assistant. Dave made them wait while we finished the blood processing. Finished the colony that afternoon. Very overcast night with fog settling in.
Read Page
Page 86
No text detected
Read Page
Page 87
Journal Aug8 St. Barrow, Alaska; Hines got in early this morning. Went right to bed. Her and the pilot had to land at Pow A last night due to the fog. I started the colony early that morning. Sullivan checked lines I,II, IX & X by himself. Hines wanted to be awakened when we went to set lines III a,b & IV a,b, but we didn't. He had been up all night so we set them ourselves. Finished the colony that afternoon and helped Sullivan check lines I,II, IX &X. Overcast day but only slightly cool. Aug9. St. Barrow, Alaska; Started the Colony and then got some help from John Hines. This was an exchange basis. He helped me in the morning and then I would help him and Sullivan that afternoon moving the trap stakes on VII & VIII. Moving the stakes about 30ft. to the south put the stakes in much better terrain. That evening we pulled in lines I,II, IX &X. There was some brief showers later this evening. Aug10, St. Barrow, Alaska; Got some help from Sullivan in helping me with the colony this morning. Late Beeper, Sullivan, Hines & S. went out to Central Marsh, John Hines & I to set line I,II, VII & VIII, and Sullivan & Pieper to build enclosures at the fertilizer plot. Finished colony that evening.
Read Page
Page 88
No text detected
Read Page
Page 89
Journal Aug 11. Ot Barrow, Alaska; Mullen, Holmes and an air force man returned from Lake Peters this morning. Worked on colony nearly all day. Went with Sullivan Hines to check line V, VI, VII and pick up lines III A,B and IV A,B. Put the weasel in too deep a hole and we slipped a track. They walked on out to the lines in central Marsh while I went back and got another weasel. We checked these lines, checked line traps and then picked up III A,B and IV A,B. Very foggy in central Marsh, visibility about 1/4 mile. Came back and I finished the colony work. Aug 12. Dave was at the colony the same time I was to got some blood samples from the colony. We took the blood and processed the blood. Before I could start the Colony, Dave told me Time 2-3 could go to Lake Peters right away. We left about 11:00. Charles Edwardson went with us; Zimmerman was the pilot. Tried to find a boatful of Estimoes at the Skippack to drop a bagful of supplies but couldn't find them. Arrived at Lake Peters about 2:10 or so. Very clear night there, a few clouds and almost no wind. Aug 13 Lake Peters, Alaska; Those already present at Peters were Karl Strey, Bob Mumby and an air force man along with Pete Sovalik. All left with Zimmerman except Sovalik. The four of us remaining left in the outboard to go fishing and drop Bate off along the shore to try to trap Marmotse. Later we dropped Charlie off to find and join Pete, Hines
Read Page
Page 90
No text detected
Read Page
Page 91
Journal Aug13 Lake Peters and I caught several char, enough for a fish dinner for the four of us. Very good weather; sunshine, few cloids and breezy at times. Saw a few new species of birds including Northern Shrike, Rock Ptarmigan, Wata Pipit, Wheatear and others more common to Barrow, such as, Arctic Linn, Brent and Parasitic jaeger. [illegible] after dinner, we set out the six line traps we had brought for Microtus. Aug14 Lake Peters, Alaska; Pete & Charlie left in the outboard to hunt marmots. John & I rowed across the lake to climb the mountains looking for sheep. John had his telephoto lens to get as many sheep as possible- Had very good luck along with some very good shots. Pete & Charlie not back yet when we arrived at camp at 1600. We walked along the fans looking for microtus. I had already caught one just outside the cook house. Not sure as to species. Bob Murphey came in at this time. He decided to stay the night here. Charlie, John & I went fishing again at Lake Salvador, north of Lake Peters. Caught two fish, one a 30" lake trout I caught. Biggest fish dinner caught in fresh water! Charlie caught another microtus there at Lake Salvador. Our line traps this morning had been set off by squirrels. New birds seen today were rosy finches, Golden Eagle, Tree sparrow,
Read Page
Page 92
No text detected
Read Page
Page 93
Journal Aug15, Lake Peters, Alaska; Another beautiful day. I've left about 0900 for home. Hit a fogbank slated to Cape Simpson and had to set down at Keroavin waiting for the fog to clear at Barrow. Waited about an hour and then went in. Aug15, Barrow, Alaska; As we got off the plane, Ted told us we had an hour before we would leave for the Snare. We rushed around (but the flight was cancelled). I worked on the colony, the rest of the afternoon. An easterly wind was blowing all day. Aug16, Barrow, Alaska; Got out my data sheets to start the colony but Ted told me to get ready to leave for the Snare in 20 minutes. Helped him fuel the float plane. Flight was postponed until later after lunch. Worked on the colony until lunch. Murphy took Gil ... , one of Bollensack's assistants and me in first. I set one line of traps while Gil sampled for insects, Hines, along with Mullen, came in about 45 minutes later. After they left, Hines and I set up camp, then put out the three remaining lines. Started to rain when we were finishing the last line. Plenty of caribou around, counted about 20 already. Raining continually, stopping about 2300.
Read Page
Page 94
No text detected
Read Page
Page 95
Journal Aug 17, 1962, Snare River, Alaska; After a false start earlier this morning, we came in after lunch with the first load of camp equipment and one pack of traps. The "we" were pilot, Bob Murphy, Gil Challet, (Bohnsack's assistant to sample area for insects), and myself. I started setting line IV and was finished when the second load came in with Hines and Mullin aboard. Dave came just to look around and returned immediately. Hines & I decided to set up camp first which was fortunate because it was raining before we finished setting the lines. It rained until nearly midnight and then just the wind blew. The area is soggy and the vegetation as lush as Barrow if not more so. Of course the dwarf willow adds more foliage to the tops of many polygons allowing an impression of greater greenness. Aug 18, 1962 Snare River, Alaska; We checked traps first thing and after breakfast left to look at the fish camp about a mile east of our camp. I tried to photograph some caribou that were on our side of the river but couldn't get close enough. This day we counted our fifty by searching the entire horizon. We returned, read, had a snack, checked traps, and read until it was too dark.
Read Page
Page 96
No text detected
Read Page
Page 97
Journal Aug 19, 1962, Drawn River, Alaska; Very chilly this morning with a strong wind from the east. Checked traps early and did some initial straightening up of the gear. Picked up traps about 1500 and started taking down everything except the tent. Spotted float-plane about 1630 coming in. It landed at the fish camp and then took off and went back to Barrow. We're stuck here for the night, at least! Aug 20, 1962, Drawn River, Alaska; Float plane arrived about 0930; we were back in Barrow by 1030. Aired hard for about 20 minutes at 0600. Aug 20, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Times attempted and made the minor plans for Fairbanks with Sullivan. Maybe, we hope, he made the rest of his connections down. We stopped the Schulte experiment on Carex & Eriophorum - Congestifolium and the fertilized vs control grass experiment. Finished the colony work after helping Dave process some blood taken from a dying animal and [illegible] a Carex & E. congestifolium animals. Aug 21, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Worked on colony until Dave arrived at 1030. He was supposed to go to the Juneau meeting on the R4-D. He went over the work to be done in the colony until lunch. I was able to finish only the first phases of the reamping of the colonies. They need to be set up for
Read Page
Page 98
No text detected
Read Page
Page 99
Journal Aug 21, 1962, Pt. Barrow, The winter, about a dozen will be sacrificed upon Dave's return for blood. Aug 22, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Started on colony the first thing setting up the different -phases as completely as possible. New breeders were put together; a certain number were put on date, while other are receiving food and water ad libitum. The ones on date (12) will be used for blood and maybe the stomach contents if fed a certain grass. One Microtus sp. was dead in cage but others are doing well. We recorded the first good snowfall; none of it stuck, but the temp. never went above 40°. The evening, comparatively, seemed very mild but was still below 40°. Perhaps I missed it earlier but it was dark last night starting about 2300. I don't know when the sunrise came. Aug 23, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Started on colony early morning. Finished most of it by noon. Routine work plus cleaning out some breeding cages. Temp climbed above 40° for most day. A couple of times, there was drizzles and dark clouds are present, but nothing. Aug 24, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Finished routine work in colony early and started straightening things around the lab. Went to the Point, or rather toward the Point. I was with Holmes and Dee Shuley, a grad student from USC working for Dr. Moore.
Read Page
Page 100
No text detected
Read Page
Page 101
Journal Aug 24, 1962, St. Barrow, Alaska; Dick cut back into the areas by the ponds to observe the flocks of phalaropes, a few Dillin, Sandlilings, western sandpipers and a few Dowitlers. We stuck in some mud and lost an hour and a half trying to get out, finally with success. Didn't make it to the Point. Overcast day with a stiny wind from the east. Temp. is around the 40s low forties. Aug 25, 1962, St. Barrow, Alaska; Wind started from NW, then came in stiny from the west. Temp. was about 41°F in the morning and then climbed over (to two degrees) as the day became very mild. I did the routine work in the colony, cut more acetopola for the Micronus and then did some packing. Holmes is scheduled to leave Tuesday, the 28th and I will go on the 29th with Piper. Aug 26, 1962, St. Barrow, Alaska; Overcast day with some drizzle and a constant wind from the west. Temp. stayed around 40°. Worked in the colony most of the day with the routine work. Dick & Bill Challet went to Gull Lake about 1430 and returned about 2130. Aug 27, 1962, St. Barrow, Alaska; Overcast day with rain starting hard about 1600 Wind from west all day. Did part of the routine colony work and started setting up the blood gear for Dave. Dave arrived about 1800 and we sampled
Read Page
Page 102
No text detected
Read Page
Page 103
Aug27, 1462, Pt Barrow, Alaska, 10 animals, five & four 9. Started to process the blood after lunch. Worked until dinner. I finished the colony right after dinner and then helped Dave finish the rest of the blood work. Aug28, 1962, Pt Barrow, Alaska; I did routine work in the colony until Dave arrived and we finished sampling some animals. Processed the blood right after lunch. Dick left today.
Read Page
Page 104
No text detected
Read Page
Page 105
D. Stevens 1963 11 June Barrow, Alaska Journal On the 10th of June, Dave Mullen told me to start the colony (lemming) when I wanted and to arrange it nearly as before, in the new animal colony house. Today at 8 AM., Steve Sagdon and I started moving equipment into the house in an empty lab. John Beck showed up just as we were finishing I raised hell about the lab colonies being unfinished and that we were jumping the gun. I explained rather inadequately and to no avail anyway, but we didn't have to remove our equipment. We still have to add more materials yet. At 0900 Steve & I went with R.T. Holmes into the field for a look at the tundra. First stop was Beach ridge where most snow has melted. Saw one lemming dart under the snow. Snowy bobs, Imarine jaegers, longspurs, Pectoral Sandpiper and [illegible] others were seen and heard. Flowers such as Buttercups on Beach ridge and Saxifrage on Deadlie ridge. Pennypoot on Beach ridge is down at least 5". Next stop was Deadlie Ridge. Lines I and II are almost free from snow. Birds seen were Snowy bobs, Phalaropes, Snow Buntings, Band's Sandpipers, Stellar's Eiders, White Front Douse, and Pectoral Sandpipers. Two lemmings were trapped under snow and taken by hand.
Read Page
Page 106
No text detected
Read Page
Page 107
Journal 11 June 1963 One was a ♂ and the other a ♀. Both were adults. Testes were not extended on the ♂ nor was any vaginal plug present on the ♀. Upon release of the ♂, it [illegible] wandered through the grass until crossing a runway, which it followed to a temporary burrow and stayed. I put the ♀ on the same runway. The ♀ traveled to the same burrow occupied by the ♂. After a moment the ♂ left via the adjacent runway toward other cover. The ♀ waited a while longer, then followed suit. We left shortly after back to camp. A Golden Clover was seen by itself between Dashine Ridge & AAC.S. Large amounts of water are visible under the snow. Breeze from ocean was constant & cold. About 35°F in field. Ice on lakes starting to break up. 3 skies clear with a few clouds. Returned about 11:00. After writing a few notes, Steve & I went across to the lab to see F.A. Pitulka, who had just [illegible] flown in. After lunch, Frank suggested airing & cleaning the live traps. Steve & I worked on this until 15:30. Bob Runch came in and talked with us until Frank & Dick returned from the field about 17:00. The conversation among these people was very intriguing. A fog was starting to come in at this time (but visibility up to a half
Read Page
Page 108
No text detected
Read Page
Page 109
D. Stevens 3 1963 Journal 11 June 1963 mile was still possible. Earlier, about 1100, Kenny Towrak brought in 10 live Lemmings from the Gravel Pit. These were gut in separate cages w/the food & water on the backgoring airology. Temperature after lunch was down to 28°C. This temp. stayed about the same through the rest of the afternoon into the evening. Nothing happened after dinner except a movie. 12 June Barrow, Alaska After breakfast, Steve & I cleaned off the tables & Cabinets in airology until 0900. Frank and Dick left before 0900 to look at builds a census Frank's plot on Beach ridge - Dane came in just after their departure & recruited Steve and me to aid in blood sampling a little later in the morning. At 1000 the three of us left for the Barrel area. No lemmings were found until we uncovered 2 in the line 3 barrels parallel to Fresh water Lake road. Returned to camp about 1100 and passed on to the "little freeway" toward Voth's area. We entered the area between Fairly lagoons & the "Little Freeway" about 14 mi. from the ocean & searched for lemmings. Six were taken for blood samples; one was killed before a sample could be taken. Returned
Read Page
Page 110
No text detected
Read Page
Page 111
4. 1963 Journal 12 June a little after noon to meet Dick & Frank for lunch. After lunch Steve & I went to Voth's area to collect lemmings for the colony. Areas of cutting were spotty and only one Lemmus was taken by Steve in the area around Cakeater. We circled 'in the weed and walked around in the partially-covered (Snow) area. No lemming were taken nor seen. We returned to the area that had yielded six earlier that morning. One was taken next to the "Little Freeway" just before returning about 1600. I set up the 2 captured lemmings, added 2 Dicrostonyx and prepared a temporary colony sheet. After dinner I wrote notes & called it quits. The temp was 27°F before noon and reached 38° F by late afternoon. Overcast day with strong, icy winds and occasional mists. 13 June Barrow, Alaska Cold winds still blowing from north. Slightly overcast day. The first job this morning was to move any of our equipment from the new animal colony due to necessary painting. Returned to water & feed the colony. Two lemmings had died in the temporary lemming colony on the back porch of Airology, a little after 0930; Bill Jacobson, Steve and I went to
Read Page
Page 112
No text detected
Read Page
Page 113
5. 1963 13 June JOURNAL The area around line IX + X and Gasline Ridge To collect lemmings. We caught two near IX+ X but none at Gasline Ridge. We returned by lunchtime. I set the two additivis up in the colony after lunch while Steve was oiling and baiting snaptraps. We baited 10 live traps and took them to the barrel area to be set. We returned and straightened up the "backyard" airology. We finished oiling and baiting snaptraps. After dinner and the movie we wrote notes. Hank Childs came in today. June 14 Barrow, Alaska I fed and watered the small colony first and removed one dead lemming taken on the 13th. Hank & Steve started soaking some traps in linseed oil. I repaired as many of the broken snaptraps as possible and threw the rest away. After coffee time, Dave, Bill Jacobsen, Hank, Steve & I went for blood samples and to collect lemmings. First stop was between the "little freeway" and Family Lagoon. No lemming was seen nor caught. The next two stops in Voth area by the Old Cokeaster site and the area west of Voth area north of lines IVA & B, yielded nothing. Upon returning, one lemming was found near the road to the village. We went back to the Barrel area and found 4) 3 for blood
Read Page
Page 114
No text detected
Read Page
Page 115
1963 Journal 14 June samples and a juvenile for the colony. Voth Creek is flowing very fast. The day is mild, a few clouds and practically no wind in the morning. The wind picked up in the afternoon and died again in the evening. After lunch Hank, Steve and I went to collect lemmings at Brest Point. Large patches of snow are still present. After passing Beach Ridge, the area was intermittently very wet to moist. Phlebopods abound in this area, of course, but no lemmings. We crossed over to central marsh and went to a high spot near some old bird plots. Here we caught 8 lemmings in less than an hour. We returned home a little after 1500. They dropped me off to check the line traps for the second time today. Earlier this morning I caught two but one was dead. One more was taken in the afternoon. Very few juveniles are being taken, mostly subadults and adults. When I returned I set the new animals on the back porch and went to dinner. After dinner I wrote notes and checked the line traps once more. 15 June Barrow, Alaska After breakfast I checked the lemming colony and removed one dead lemming. Pitelka and I talked over the things to do and what [illegible]
Read Page
Page 116
No text detected
Read Page
Page 117
7. Journal 15 June Had to speak to May Brewer about. After everyone was in airology except Holmes (who was at Skrowit), We counted snap traps and found we were short. Muller arrived about 0900 and explained that he still had some in the field. After coffee we sampled lemmings for blood in the barrel area. Five were also brought back for the colony. We returned a little before 11am. On the way out I cut through part of the Barrel area to check the live traps. One was captured and another donated by Gil Challet from the same area. During lunch, Hank Childs and I were told our trip to Wainwright to set traps, (previously planned this morning) was scheduled for about 1400. Hank & I talked to Brewer until time to leave. The trip down was uneventful. Most snow gone, most ponds still iced. 15 June Wainwright (LZIII), Alaska I showed Hank the lines and was able to set one line for him and drop the traps on the other before the plane came. The Eriophorum is starting to sprout. A few, here patches of snow. Part of lines I and II with large amounts of water. No lemmings were seen moving. The station meteorologist related an instance of several lemmings moving about 1200 near the site a little earlier. Two pomarine jaegers and one snowy owl seen. Return flight uneventful. Arrived about 1745.
Read Page
Page 118
No text detected
Read Page
Page 119
Journal 15 June Barrow, Alaska After dinner I cleaned out one side of the "back porch" Z airology. I also weighed the most recent lemmings taken and wrote a data sheet on each animal. The new animal colony is scheduled for use by Monday. 16 June Barrow, Alaska After a comparatively late start I watered and fed the lemmings. One lemming was taken in the live traps. The 10 traps were moved further NE about 209ds. Upon returning the new lemming was weighed and set up in the temporary colony the morning weather was mild with a slight breeze. Continued through the day until about 1900 when it cooled off. Fog rolled in about 2130. I worked on materials for the new colony until about 1500 when I checked the live traps once more. None was caught in the live traps but one bad was taken by hand. For the first time this morning no lemmings died in the colony, the temperature in the colony was fairly constant. At 1750, the lemming project people had dinner at the Mullens. After the movie I wrote notes.
Read Page
Page 120
No text detected
Read Page
Page 121
9. Journal 17 June Barrow, Alaska Steve checked the 10 live traps while I watered and fed the colony. I put in an order for more linsed oil and then wrote a data sheet on the lemming caught in the live traps. Mar Brewer informed me at lunch that the colony won't take ready for another week. Steve and I cleaned some mice in airology and baited snap-traps. About 1500 we set lines I + II on Gailine Ridge. We picked up the old winter traps set by Mullen and found 4 cases of 4 lemming (other?) activity in vicinity of snap-traps. One lemming was still whole in a winter trap and had been snagged by one foot. The larvae were already started. Returned about 1700. At 1930 a meeting was held for the objectives, personnel (distribution + utilization) and miscellaneous plans of the summer. Meeting was very informative and stimulating! I ran live traps about 2230, finding 2 in traps which were weighed and data sheets started. 18 June Barrow, Alaska, at 0800, Steve and I took Pitelka to his census plot on Beach Ridge and left him while we went to check trap lines I + II. Six lemmings and one S. longipin were taken. We returned about 0930. Worked on colony until 1130. Returned to pick Pitelka at Beach Ridge. After lunch, processing of lemmings began with Steve and me aiding Pitelka. Became too complicated
Read Page
Page 122
No text detected
Read Page
Page 123
10. Journal 18 June so that I worked on the colony while Steve wrote the date. About 1500 I started helping Dave who was removing tissues from the processed lemming. Stopped about 1700. After dinner, Steve and I checked snap traps. I checked the live traps on the return as I had earlier this morning (1 taken) and found none. Upon returning I & wrote the data for lemming processing. I started the heater and another thermograph in the colony. 19 June Barrow, Alaska Checked live traps early this morning and found nothing. Weather to foggy with a cold wind; very miserable. I worked on arranging the colony better and then started routine work on the lemmings. Food and water consumption data was begun. Weights were taken and all sawdust was changed. Worked in the colony until 1330. Helped process lemmings from Traplines I & II and then some from an earlier mass sample. After dinner was a movie followed by a running 2 live trap scout 2130. Nothing caught. Wrote notes & quit. 20 June Barrow, Alaska Checked live traps and living snare catch, moved them about 20 yards north east on a parallel line. Returned and saw Dave about making up more data sheets for myself and Schultz's project Obtained routine data from the colony until noon
Read Page
Page 124
No text detected
Read Page
Page 125
Journal 20 June Steve Holland, an assistant to Dr. Schultz, who will be aiding me in the colony work, came over to be pre-indoctrinated in how we maintain a lemming colony. I made a list for equipment needed and that on hand for tomorrow's move to the new colony. Hank Childs & I wired the jaws of the processed lemmings to be used as carcasses in a winter experiment contrived by Mullen. Brought in the traps from lines I & II after the storm. No lemmings were caught. I checked the live traps and caught nothing. Birds are very active in the Barrow area although few, but Snow Buntings, are nesting. A clear day with a cold wind from the N.E. The sun was very bright at 2100. Difficult to drive the weasel due to glare. 2 June Barrow, Alaska With the aid of Steve Logsdon & Steve Holland, the temporary colony was moved to the new animal house. Temperature was regulated and routine data was taken. Holland is enthused over his share of responsibility. About now, Dave & Steve Logsdon returned from blood sampling with three new lemmings for the colony. One was pregnant, another with a letter Z deformity and the last a male subadult. Another letter was found after the mother had been already need
Read Page
Page 126
No text detected
Read Page
Page 127
Journal 21 June for a blood sample. This litter was destined to die so 3 were added to the other mother's litter since they were about the same age. Their average age is about 4-5 days. The foster mother accepted the new ones without incident. After lunch, Hank Child, Steve Logan and I went lemming hunting for the colony. Only me lemming was taken after 3½ hours. (2 egg Geck) 3 gaeg nests were found, 1 pectoral nest w/4 eggs, 1 Longpup nest w/ 3 young, 1 Snow- lemming nest w/ 7 eggs and other Pholcophora nests were apparent but not studied as to their contents. Two Brent's geese and a Stellar's Eider were taken. After dinner I set up data sheets on the new animals including fresh greass for the mothers. Notes were written after. Cold, windy, clear day w/ the fog starting to roll in from the north about 1700. Live traps were checked morning and evening with no catches recorded. Grass are drying and drying rapidly. 22 June Barrow, Alaska Routine work began on animal house. Dress was out for pregnant females or those with litters. Talked over experiment for use of metabolic cages w/ Dr. Schultzy Started 3 adults on new formula from Dr. Schultzy to test whether lemmings will eat it and what effects it will have on them.
Read Page
Page 128
No text detected
Read Page
Page 129
Journal 22 june After lunch Dave & Hank returned with 6 new animals including one with a litter of two. There were but - the colony and data sheets started. Helped Dave process blood samples taken earlier this morning. Before dinner I analyzed the data sheets to compare age and sex ratio males to females in the colony. There are no subadult males and only one juvenile - subadult male compared to several female subadults. This is in accordance with the mass sampling done by Pitelka this year. While clipping fresh grass for the pregnant females and mothers, a longspur nest was found with 4 young. Three were several days old and one newly hatched. After dinner, I helped Lopton and Childe at lines IX & X 23 june Barrow, Alaska Got a late start due to big party the night before. Steve Holland was already working on the colony when I arrived about 1000. I clipped grass for the mothers. Found a Semipalmated Sandpiper nest with 4 eggs on the other side of the waterline before the explosives shock. After lunch I wired lemming skulls for Mullen's carcass experiment until 1600. Cleaned up the laboratory (aviology) until 1630. 24 june Barrow, Alaska When Pitelka arrived, I helped process part of another mass d sample until coffee break. Steve Holland started the colony slate I checked his work about 1000 and found that he was coming along all right. The lemmings on Schultz' diet
Read Page
Page 130
No text detected
Read Page
Page 131
Journal 24 june were in bad shape. I asked Mullen about it. He suggested taking weights. After doing so, I notified Mullen and Schultz that these 3 experimental animals were losing 14-17 grams. After lunch, I talked over the use of the metabolic cages. About 1600, Logston and I set lines V4 VI. After dinner, I picked through a sod sample for Dock while doing my washing. Mullen came by and initiated a conversation with Pitelka about his publication that became very interesting. Wrote notes. 25 june Barrow, alaska Steve Holland and I recorded routine data and weights in the lemming colony until noon. Steve Logston brought in a pregnant female which was started on date. I talked to Dr. Schultz about the metabolic cage experiments to be run. Chipped some fresh grass for the pregnant ones and those with litters. Steve and I started modifying the metabolic cages to start the Schultz experiments. Dave brought in 6 new females which were started on grass as these are assumed pregnant. After dinner I picked up lines IV + V while Steve checked IV + VI. Only Longspurs were taken. A heavy fog rolled in over the airport and Barrow main. Mist was heavy over most of the area. Wind from the east continued. 26 june Barrow, Alaska Steve Holland and I took routine data until 930. I had also clipped grass for the pregnant ones and the
Read Page
Page 132
No text detected
Read Page
Page 133
Journal 26 June mothers. After coffee, Hank Childs, Dave Mullen and went to the area around the Duck Camp to collect lemmings for the colony. We collected nine and returned at lunchtime. Dr. Schultz left for Berkeley today. I set up data sheets on the nine new animals and then worked on the metabolic cages. A very mild day with a wind from the east until 1300. At this time clouds rolled in along with the constant wind. By 1700 a fog lay over the coast hiding [illegible]. I checked traps at 1800 yielding a 8 Dicrostomus and a 8 Longspur. Wrote notes. 27 June Barrow, Alaska. Checked lines IV+VI. Found one 8 Lemmus and one 3 Longspur. Found nothing in the line traps. While checking the line traps, a 9 adult (pregnant) was caught. Returned and wrote the catches in the trapbook. Started the rest on data and helped Steve Holland on the routine work until noon. After lunch we worked on the metabolic cages and then put six predetermined animals into the cages. These are to be given lab chow for 4 days until a diet of a single species of grass will start. A powder from the Schultz special diet without the binding agent was given with a 8 Adult to see if it will be eaten. A 9 with a letter Z 8 failed all but one and ignored this one so that it was dying. After the movie, about 2100, Hank and I picked up lines IV+VI. No catch was made. Very windy & cold with some fog all day.
Read Page
Page 134
No text detected
Read Page
Page 135
16. Journal 28 June Barrow, Alaska Today is overcast with the cold wind still blowing from the east. Some mist started in the evening from a heavy fog which cut visibility to 500 yds. I worked in the lemming colony until noon weighing the animals, adding queso to the pregnant ones and mothers, charging the ones in the metabolic cages. Steve Holland suggested a practical change in the wire gauge of the metabolic cages. By his method, the feces may be completely eliminated from mixing with the urine. All metabolic animals survived but are losing weight (small.) The animal eating the Schultz diet without the binding agent is doing fair. Difficult to tell whether any significant changes are evident. After lunch > talked with Dave Mullen about some problems in the colony, Hank Childs, Pitelka and I set lines III A,B & IV A,B. A Red-backed vole with 4 eggs was found and staked near 0.0 on III A. A pectoral vole between III A,B but wasn't located. A Golden Plover nest is on III B. IV A,B are as well drained as they ever will be. Returned about 17:43. Hank is not feeling well because of his leg... Mrs. Won. Steve came today.. 29 June Barrow, Alaska Checked traplines III A,B & IV A,B. Only one lemming was taken. Clear day with wind from east but not as cold as yesterday. Returned to help Steve Holland with the rest of the colony work. Efficient methods
Read Page
Page 136
No text detected
Read Page
Page 137
17. Journal 29 June of utilizing the metabolic cages have been established. After lunch, Director Brewer asked "nicely" if someone would conduct some amateur ornithologists over the tundra. Mr & Mrs. Wm. Stirling came over about 1530 with map. Had difficulty in obtaining a weasel. Mullen returned for with this & came along since he was returning to collect a Drake Spectacled Eider near AACS. The 5? [illegible] including Childs left about 1540. Dave collected the Spectacled on the way out and then we breded for Central Marsh. Two lemmings were caught, one was injured during capture and died later. Returned about 1730. Took the two lemmings to the animal house for food & water. After dinner checked traplines. A slight fog started moving in about 1700 but stayed along the coast. Rick Ashley caught a least weasel in the Barrel Area. It was taken to aviology for us but escaped within our lab. I set 4 line traps with lemming carcasses for bait. It was caught within an hour. It will be preserved as a skin. About 2200 I checked the lemming colony and gave more food to a lemming on a special diet. 30 June Barrow, Alaska Checked traplines III A,B, and IV A,B. Returned and helped Steve Holland finish the colony work. Wrote some notes after lunch and then skinned a lemming. After dinner, Steve Lozinski and I checked lines again. It had started to rain lightly about 1700. It rained
Read Page
Page 138
No text detected
Read Page
Page 139
Journal 30 june lightly while checking traps & had set off a few traps. Nothing was caught. After the snowie I checked the colony and retired. 1 July Barrow, Alaska Checked lines III A,B + IV A,B with Steve Logston Quite a few were set off from the night's rain. No catch The wind is blowing from the West. The ice pack won't be bare much longer. Otelka left for Bering today & helped Holland finish the weighing in the colony which took us until about 1400. I put in a requisition for wood shavings and then wrote notes on the colony. The paper for transferring my salary to Schult's payroll came in the mail. After dinner, Glenn Stanley & Steve Holland helped Logston & me collect traps on lines III A,B & IV A,B. On IV A,B, a Phalorope & Ostrich were taken. 2 July. Barrow, Alaska. First job this morning was to pick up the wood shavings I dried some more tablets of Schultz' special diet for the experimental animal. Childs, Logston & I discussed the rationing of responsibilities for summer's work. Returned to colony to finish work. After lunch I finished the gapery for Schultz except for the oath which needs a Notary Public. Logston and I set lines XIII + XIV about 1600. It took longer to travel to the lines due to the Wohlsehlag Slough being higher than usual. After the snowie we set lines VII + VIII. Wrote notes and retired. 3 July. Barrow, Alaska I planned on working in the colony all day, doing routine
Read Page
Page 140
No text detected
Read Page
Page 141
Journal 3 July Work and straightening out things for future experiments. Steve Holland left about 1000 for Dole Area to cut grass for a metabolic experiment. Steve Logston WALKED IN from Wohleslag Slough and checked line VII & VIII. He had flopped out the engine in the slough. Thusly, lines XIII & XIV were not checked until after lunch when Steve + I took another weasel look out there. Bob Semellen loaned us a steel cable to tow the weasel back in. First we checked lines XIII & XIV finding nothing in the traps. Took an hour to tow the weasel in. Upon returning I talked to Dave about some of the colony work. Wrote some notes until dinner time. Very warm day. Work almost nil. Remained warm until late evening when a drizzle started. Many insects rattled. After dinner I put up a Least Weasel. * 4 July * Barrow, Alaska Steve Holland + I worked in the colony until 1130. The metabolic experiment with Dupontia is well under way. Wrote notes after lunch. It had been overcast and drizzling all day with a slight wind from the east. The temp. stayed around 35° F or less all day. About 1500 we received a load of 14 live lemmings from the village. With the help of Logston's kids, I put them in the colony and started food & water. Six are juveniles. Our group went to the Mullen's for dinner, after which we were scheduled to go to the village. However about 1700, it started to snow lightly and continued until 0200 the following morning. Traps could not be checked.
Read Page
Page 142
No text detected
Read Page
Page 143
Journal 5 July Barrow, Alaska Steve Holland & I finished the colony work by 1030, three adults from yesterday's delivery died. All to juveniles lived. About 1130, Steve & I picked up woodshaving from the shop. Worked on some notes for the colony. After lunch, I advised Holland in skinning a lemming and then went with Holm to collect birds and check nests in Britt's area. After dinner, since all the snow (95%) had melted off, Logtman & I picked up lines VII & VIII and XIII & XIV. These lines are practically completely under water. The wind came from the west for awhile but almost completely stopped in the evening. 6 July Barrow Alaska Routine colony work started by 0830 was finished by 1000 I talked, and mostly listened, to a discussion involving Chiba and Mullen about the number of lemmings present. At 1030 Holland and I took the samples of urine and feces from the matutuolic cages during this third day of the experiment involving Depotia as the main diet. After lunch, Hank Chiba & I staked out the second plot for buttrapping and dumped the live traps. A very sunny day with a mild breeze from the east insured perfect weather for the evening Softball game with the Eskimos. Picked up 5 new lemmings in the village. before returning. 7 July Barrow, Alaska Had a very late start. Steve Holland was already working in the colony when I arrived. I finished weighing
Read Page
Page 144
No text detected
Read Page
Page 145
21. Journal 7 July The breeders, took data from the metabolic cages, weighed in new juveniles and cleaned up. By this time, it was nearly 1700. I wrote notes and selected an animal for the metabolic cages to replace the one that died earlier. A bright sunny day with a fairly strong wind from the east. It has been decided that Childs & Muller will partake of the first trip to the Draru. Holmes would like me to join him in a trip to Steroink Lake day after tomorrow but I can't give an answer yet. Childs is anxious to start the line-trapping but the Draru trip may force things up. 8th July Barrow, Alaska Strong cold wind blowing from the east early this morning. A large lead in the ice pack occurred starting the eventual dissolution of the pack near shore. Steve Holland and I did routine colony work and then thoroughly cleaned the metabolic cages for the next experiment. We picked up some shoveling about 1100 from the shop. The Draru trip was postponed because of the Banks Island trip, Childs & Muller are scheduled to go. Holmes wants very badly to go but has too much work to begin in 4-5 days. The Draru trip will be put off and then Muller & Logothetis will be the stars while I help Hank set the line-plot in action and learn its function. Around 2000 I collided knees with another fellow playing volleyball and probably will be grimpy for quite a while. Tomorrow I'm going to the
Read Page
Page 146
No text detected
Read Page
Page 147
22 Journal 8 July Village to bone x-ray taken, this means I won't be able to go to Skroanik with Dick. Everybody very sympathetic but Childs also laughed. At least I got mine during an "athletic" endeavor! 9 July Barrow, Alaska Light sprinkles early this morning, then cold & windy the rest of the day. I helped Holland in the colony for as long as I could be of any real help. I returned to virology and put up a bird. Sausy job. Dick went to Skroanik alone. Childs and Mullen were ready to go to Banks but won't go until tomorrow morning. I went into the village with Riley at 1400. Some Canadians from the Icebreaker, HMS Cornwall came along. X-ray showed only bruised knee. Hood! (finding note) Got back about 1630. Dick did all right at Skroanik but plans to go again day after tomorrow. Clouds rolling in about 2100 and wind still blowing ferociously. 10 July Barrow, Alaska Stayed in bed with heating pad until lunch. Went to Colony after lunch to finish the work with Holland. I weighed in new animals brought by P. Souleik from the village. I also had to weigh guinea pigs that I thought I had marked adequately (several are in one cage) and decide which was which. Childs & Mullen left for Banks Island right after 1200. I inquired once more about a rotary public because the one in the village was on a camping trip. One, R.P., was at Dawson City to which I took this oath for the
Read Page
Page 148
No text detected
Read Page
Page 149
23. Journal 10 July application to Schulte Project. Cloudy, overcast day. I received a letter from Schulte telling us to do the best we could with the powder forming his special diet as it could not be compressed. Other instructions were included for Rex Pieper (PhD). 11 July Barrow, Alaska Started on colony alone because Holland needed to aid Pieper in clipping grass plus obtaining Carex for the next step in the metabolic cage experiment. Cloudy day with intermittent light showers. Three deaths in the colony plus four new ones brought in. Holland helped me finish up after lunch. I requisitioned some weasel pups and asked about the other lots in the animal colony in relation to its availability for our project. I worked proportioning weights of the lemmings in the colony into adequate groups to be used for Schulte special diet but there are not enough lemmings yet, either juvenile nor adults. 12 July Barrow, Alaska Started regular work in the colony with Steve Holland. One of the metabolic experimental animals died, as per part with Carex will also be run with 5 animals. Very windy, coming from east. A fog and drizzle started about 1700. I talked with Brewer after lunch about the new lab colony room we are going to use and about the use of the colony in general. We came to an understanding. I looked along the immediate coastline for invertebrates but others had picked it clean already, checked colony and
Read Page
Page 150
No text detected
Read Page
Page 151
24. Journal 12 July Changed a few things around. Went over data sheets and wrote notes for the colony. Also selected some animals to be used in the breeding cages. I'm not sure whether breeding for more letters will bring any value now. Tomorrow I'm going to Skroinite with Dick if the weather is good. Lopton has been instructed to help Holland for a couple hours on the colony: Skinned a bird after dinner & wrote notes. 13 July Barrow, Alaska I went with Holmes at 0800 to Skroinite to census his plot. The colony was left in the able hands of Steve Holland. Steve Lopton helped him until 0930. Bright, sunny day but the wind is fairly cold. Not very much activity on the plot. A few (?) were located. Two lemmings were seen on the 80 acres. Snails (adults) are very numerous but only the midges were flying. Some bumblebees and a few flies noised by often. We returned about 1630. Hank Mills + D. Muller returned from Banks Island about 1800. Muller is doing all right but is indeed spot for studying animals if there are any more than those he has found already. Very desolate place. 14 July Barrow, Alaska After a start at about 0900, Holland and I worked until 1100 in the colony on routine work. We worked on a plan for feeding powder to lemming (Special diet!) in the metabolic cages. It was necessary to postpone work on the metabolic cages to wait for a 24 hour period, after lunch the metabolic cages
Read Page
Page 152
No text detected
Read Page
Page 153
25. Journal 14 July We were taken care of and the place was cleaned up. Mullen came in as we were finishing and we talked about the colony for awhile. Another bright sunny day with a fair wind but not cold. Brewer told us y and Italian correspondent from our State dept. who wanted to interview the learning people. Hank & Dave talked to him about the cycle centrum situation. Each of us added something personal when asked why we were here and how we liked it. A partial language barrier plus preconceived ideas made explanations rather difficult at times. Walt Disney was shot down several times. > Hope it was some value. 15 July Barrow, Alaska a bright and clear day in the morning but becoming very cold (due to the wind) in the afternoon. I worked with Steve Holland in the colony until 8:30 on the routine data. After coffee, Hank Childs, Steve Logston & I went to the line plot to set the traps. We finished about 12:15 and had to run for lunch. Some are difficult to set because the recent diesel oil "dunking" gummed the treadles. After lunch, Holland & I worked on the metabolic cage experiment until 14:30. The 3 guys returned to the line plot again to mark the traps on a grid map. We returned about 17:00 after having to walk part-way in because a bogey wheel broke (Childs was driving). Holmes picked us up at AAC5 building. After dinner, Logston was sent with Glenn Stanley and Steve Holland (Volunteered!) to set lines XI & XII
Read Page
Page 154
No text detected
Read Page
Page 155
26. Journal 15 July. they mixed themselves up and got on the boat only TV A, B and set these instead. After Lagoon returned, I took Hank to the live plot so he could stay the night in the wagon there. A fog was in at this time and a cold wind was continuing. I wrote notes and hit the hay. 16 July. Barrow, Alaska Steve Holland and I worked in the colony until 1400. Today is weigh day which involves a large amount of time. We obtained a large amount of wood shavings and sawdust from the shop about 1030. The temp. this morning was about 27°F. It was drizzling off and on, and the water froze on the windows and steps. Hank Childs reported that he nearly froze his funny off in the wagon last night. He caught 3 lemmings in the live plots. One was caught twice and one juvenile died. Holmes found birds bedded on their nests and very few adult insects were seen. He took a quara-sample (vacuum) late and did find some. I worked on the data sheets, comparing experiments in the metabolic cages grass experiments. A fog came in about 1700. 17 July Barrow, Alaska Steve Holland and I started on the colony and worked until 1000. I worked on colony notes and bottled some insects I got from Holmes. Childs was picked up for lunch by [illegible] Lagoon at 1130. Today is cool but not as much drizzle in air as yesterday. After lunch, Holland and I finished the metabolic cages
Read Page
Page 156
No text detected
Read Page
Page 157
27. Journal 17 July and cleared up. I wrote letters until 1630. I took Childe back to line plot about 2000. Weather changing. Wind is from the ocean and a fog, cutting visibility to 1/4 mi rolled in. Mullen & Logston are scheduled for the Inurn tomorrow morning. Traplines IVA,B will have to come in tomorrow night. 18 July Barrow, Alaska The routine date on the lemmings was finished by 0920, after coffee, S. Holland and I went to the area around 4A C5 to look for lemmings but none were caught. About 1115 we went to the line plot to pick up Hank and bring him in for lunch. The wind from the ocean is still blowing. Almost all the ice is gone from Freshwater Lake. After lunch we did the metabolic cages and set up three new ones taken in from the Village. Mullen & Logston left for the Inurn after lunch. I wrote notes until 1600. After dinner, Hank & I caught in line IVA,B. A Dectoul and Phleome chick were caught. Foggy after 1800. Visibility cut to 1/4 mile. 19 July Barrow, Alaska Colony work was started at 0830 with the use of a new animal scale. Today was windy day and it came in handy. Speeds up activities a lot. Very nice day. Temp in high 40's. Wind from S W is fair. After lunch, metabolic cages were processed. The animal on the special powder diet is hanging on but growing weaker. After coffee, Hank & I left about 1500 to set lines VI, VII and III A,B. We found VI & VII
Read Page
Page 158
No text detected
Read Page
Page 159
28. Journal 19 July Too wet, so HEC decided to set I, II and IX, X. We caught 3 Lemmings by Voth Slough, 2's and 1 juv. The males killed the juvenile. Ran short 2 traps on line X. Returned about 2000 to finish it. Very nice night. I almost wanted to stay out and just sit. 20 July Barrow, Alaska HEC, Holmes and I left for Streakrik at 0800. We checked lines I, II and IX, X on the way. The solar eclipse was due for 1000. It was foggy by the gravelly, vision being only about 200 yards. Because of the fog, the light was filtered from the sun to our eyes. We got a good view of about 80-90% covering the sun. Holmes banded some Glaucal chicks in Footprint Lake. After reaching Kruvink and Holmes' plot we encased H's south part recording 3 new nests and some chicks which were banded. After lunch (1330) we encased the north part and then started back. It had started to cool off and a fog could be seen over ARC Inlet. Larking by Wien until 1600. We stopped by Holmes' insect sampling area and Holmes took soil samples. Near lines XI & XII, Cholda found a dead Pomarine Jaeger. We arrived home about 1630. Cholda checked the lines tonight. 21 July Barrow, Alaska Left at 0800 to check lines IX & X and I & II. Got back around 1000. Wind is from the east and many birds are flying. Steve Hallard and I did the routine work
Read Page
Page 160
No text detected
Read Page
Page 161
28, 1963 29. Journal 21 july on the colony until lunch. After lunch, the metabolic cages were done. The animal on the special powder diet in the metabolic cage died Powder was caked on the body. Food was still present [illegible], a subadult will be put in the cage to see if it can adapt. This dead one may have been too far undernourished before entering the metabolic cage; therefore, the subadult, fed "vivah" may be able to adjust. After the rain, I checked the lines. 22 july. Barrow, Alaska A weed shortage caused three of us to combine our efforts into one weed. Super, Stanley, B. Chellad, R. Ashley & I left about 0830 to the field, Rupert Stanley went by AAAS to sample grass, I dropped Chellad and Ashley by Blade Ridge and then went to check traps. I picked up Rupert as I started upon the way in. Because of the lateness in leaving, the routine data in the morning colony wasn't finished until after lunch. The metabolic cages were done after lunch. The subadult was in poor condition. It kicked all its food from the can. After dinner, Steve Holland and Rick Ashley helped me bring in the trap lines. H.E.C. gave a seminar on the general ecology of the lemming. Mullen was supposed to supplement this but could not be picked up at the frame because of poor weather - intermittent fog, broke over Barrow all day. 23 july. Barrow, Alaska. Colony started about 0815. H.E.C. left about 8:21 for the Drone to pick up Mullen & Layton. At 0930, Holland & [illegible]
Read Page
Page 162
No text detected
Read Page
Page 163
2.5 30. 1963 Journal 23 July worked up a schedule for the colony work through the rest of the summer. The animal on the powdered diet died. We will try a gradual introduction to the diet & cage as a last resort. After lunch, the metabolic cage were done. at 1515. H.E.C., Logston left for the field. Hank was going to set the line traps while Logston set XIV + XIV and I + II. Wohlebtag Slough was too tight and there wasn't time to go around, so we set II, VI, VII, VIII. We picked Hank up on the way back. We planned to set XIII & XIV anyway but it was rather sloppy weather so Logston took Chibs back to the line plot about 2130. The fog cut visibility to 100 yds. I wrote a note and went to bed. 24 July Bureau, Alaska Routine colony work was begun at 0800. About 0830 J. Beck came in & looked around. I asked him whether Brewer had said anything about the frame for the breeding cage but everything was negative. He promised to check on it. Our only litter brought up in the lab was taken away from its mother at 18 days age. An attempt to file the teeth of a lemming as a means of identification to measure growth was unsuccessful. I will try a sharp [illegible] tomorrow. We decided to try a gradual change to powder in the metabolic cage. The animal will be fed lab chaw powder, at first with small chunks, and later with pure powder. The food bin, which is a frozen juice can is placed on the side and another can [illegible] condensed milk)
Read Page
Page 164
No text detected
Read Page
Page 165
1963 24 July Journal has a door cut in it for the loosening to curl into, but will still allow freeze wire to fall through. We worked on the metabolic cages until I left at 1500 to set lines XIII & XIV w/Lagston. Steve Holland [illegible] came along to clip grass for the next experiment. It has been foggy off and on with a beautiful night arriving. Tonight, there is no wind, no fog, and a bright sun. Central Marsh is very soft as is the road to the fieldtraps plot. I put up a gauge after dinner while H.E.C. & Steve went to check lines [illegible] & live traps. 25 July Barrow, Alaska Wind is blowing from the south for the first time this summer. Clear, warm day, averaging about 68°F all day. Holland and I weighed animals today along with routine data. After lunch, the metabolic cages were processed. Still having trouble changing an animal to powder food. H.E.C. says the Pittmangea flight is on. He is leaving tomorrow for Nome on the R-4D and then to Cape Thompson. I will leave the 27th for the Pittmangea, drop the equipment, and go pick up Hank. About 1500 Holland & I cleaned up done extra animal cages that I put out in back of Aerology and placed them by the old animal house. Hank has one more day of live-trapping so I told him he could finish the last night since he has so much else to do. This South wind is bringing clouds. At 2100, H.E.C. & I went to the line plot for a check and to meet me
Read Page
Page 166
No text detected
Read Page
Page 167
G.L. 1963 Journal 25 July Once again of the situation. One receptacle was found along with a couple of Snapper juveniles. During the night, light showers occurred. No catch, except for a few Snappers, was recorded all night & the next morning. 26 July Barrow, Alaska Steve Logston, Rex Pieper & Glenn Stanley arrived at Beach Ridge about 1030 to pick me up. I checked to see how Steve Holland was doing and found him doing fine. The plumbing is finished in the animal house. After lunch, we worked the metabolic cages over and devised a better feeding trough for the powder experiment. It has been raining intermittently and the wind is from the west. Hank & Dave left for Nome after lunch. After dinner, Logston, Stanley & I brought in 4 live traps & checked 2 more. 27 July Barrow, Alaska Light showers continued all morning with a west wind blowing all day. Rain stopped in the late afternoon and a fog came in after dinner (1800). Holland and I worked the routine data through for the colony until about 1100. Wrote notes until lunch. Won't be able to fly to Pitmegea today; No plane, no pilot. Dave returned today from Nome. Hank was left at Cape Thompson. Metabolic cages and the special powder diet animal were processed after lunch. Worked on data sheets and checked our camping equipment for the Pitmegea. After dinner, Logston & I pulled in lines XIII & XIV. Fertilizer plot very mushy. Solenmings caught.
Read Page
Page 168
No text detected
Read Page
Page 169
28 1963 Journal 28 July Barrow, Alaska Showers continued today until mid-afternoon. Today was weigh day in the colony. Holland & I worked until noon on the individual animals & then finished the metabolic animals and special powder animal until 1500. I probably won't leave until Monday or Tuesday (29th or 30th) because of the weather. It is also raining at Cape Thompson vicinity. I would just as soon stay in that case. I decided to measure tooth growth without using a mark. Tooth growth is essentially unimpeded because of non-abrasive material in the lake snow. I worked on data sheets after dinner. If we can feed the special powder diet satisfactorily, we will try the large Schultz experiment with a smaller number of animals. 30 July Barrow, Alaska Looks like a good day for flying. Ted Humphrey said there was a chance of leaving this afternoon. Steve Holland & I worked in the colony until 1030. Went to early chew at 1130. At 1145 Ted said to get my stuff. We left at 1230. Bob Murphey lifted me at the Pitkernge - Cape Savine campsite about 1430, and went to pick up Childs at Cape Thompson. I set up camp part-way until they returned about 1530. Neither Childs nor I had seen any caribou between Barrow and the Pitkernge. We used the wooden floor Hank had built in his "earlier day" for our tent floor. We set out 2 lines of traps on 2 old trip lines which still were
Read Page
Page 170
No text detected
Read Page
Page 171
34 1963 Journal 29 July intact. Some stakes had been knocked down by the caribou but most were still standing. Evidently, thousands of caribou migrated through earlier. Signs everywhere shows the trampling effect. The tundra itself is dry although the river is very full for this time of year (H.R.C.) Hank noticed very few owl pellets on the ridge. Could be an indication of low numbers of microtines. After dinner, we walked to the ocean where the river empties. Hank said the reason for the river being so high is due to a sand bar across the mouth of the river acting as a plug. He collected a Godwit near the ocean. Wind changed from a northerly direction and started to blow from the south about 2000. It blew hard during the night. About 2300, Hank saw a red fox across the river but it was gone before we could get off a shot. Camp site very well set up; ready to collect Gypfalcons tomorrow. 30 July Bettinega River - Cape Salina, Alaska We checked lines first thing this morning but found only 2 Microtus oeconomus. River is very salty due to the ocean being backed up some way. Overcast and drizzling. Started to rain hard a few times, but didn't. We decided to put off the Gypfalcon hunt. I skimmed the microtus and read. The plug in the river must have been pulled because the river suddenly drained and the water is no longer salty. We can cross very easily in several spots now. The salmon are swimming upstream and can be easily seen
Read Page
Page 172
No text detected
Read Page
Page 173
1963 Journal 31 July Potomac River-Cape Selina, Alaska Hank checked traps this morning while I cleaned up the breakfast dishes and got the equipment ready for the Dipfelon hunt. We left around noon after Hank returned with 3 microtus and one Lemmus. The Dipfelon area is about 1½ miles upstream on a cliff overlooking the river. The young were already flying. There were either three juveniles and an adult or 4 juveniles. Hank took a couple of shots but couldn't get in good range. On a ridge leading to the Dipfelon- area, a few owl pellets were found and also, plentiful amounts of weasel fecal material. This is similar to the ridge above the camp. The day turned very warm (Chips left) with a few scattered clouds. We returned via the river collecting a few birds. We got back to camp about 1430. The Salmon are running upstream in quite numbers now, the gulls are harassing them constantly. I collected some soil samples and insects for Bill Challet. I still need to get a couple more water samples for Yaap Kelff. We skinned some birds and mammals (microtus) after dinner. About 2200 we heard a bird making a racket (sounded like a greek) out in the field, so I looked out to see. Some bird was diving at a cross fox on the hillside. Hank took 2 shots in the dim light but didn't hit it. I followed it for over 6 but never got a good chance for a shot. It started to sprinkle about 2400, but it isn't cold.
Read Page
Page 174
No text detected
Read Page
Page 175
928 1963 Journal 1 August Sitnega River-Cape Selina, Alaska After breakfast, we picked up the lines of traps, catching nothing. It is an overcast day with some drizzle occasionally. I walked across the river toward the ocean to obtain some water samples for zooplankton from large pods. On return, Hank caught a squirrel using the noose technique. I stopped it a few minutes later. He also shot another, which he put up. We had lunch and started to wait for the "expected" plane. We had asked for a 1600 pickup. By 2030 the plane showed up. Betty Fischer took our non-essential to By # first and returned a half hour later for us. A short rain squall worried us that he might not be able to return but he did. Barrow was fogged or some but the plane landed all right about 2330. We distributed our gear that the week. 2 August Barrow, Alaska Steve Holland and I did routine data after reviewing all that happened the past few days. Steve carried out the metabolic cage experiment concerning mixed tundra forage at different temperatures very well. Temperatures outside were in accord with the ones needed for the mice. After lunch we worked on the metabolic cages. I worked on some notes for the colony until dinner time. I met Dr. Sprugel from N.S.F., who is here checking the persons working on this project. Today was overcast with only a moderate off-shore wind. For the last few days our absence, rain fell very heavily for one day and then
Read Page
Page 176
No text detected
Read Page
Page 177
1963 Journal 2 August Drizzled the rest. After lunch, we worked on the metabolic cages and then set up two breeders - pair in the other room. We decided not to wait for the special rack for the day Holmes is still at Banks Island. He left last Tuesday. The lab (cardiology) was in topslope when we came home last night, Loplor Rod completely straightened everything up and cleaned thoroughly. Wrote notes after dinner. 3 August Barrow, Alaska Today was weigh day in the colony. With nearly a hundred animals in the lobby weighing is becoming more quickly. May have to change into a 2 day weighing affair. After lunch, Holland had to help Piper with grass clipping so I finished off the metabolic cages. I also checked the breeders but could not find any sign of a vaginal plug. Both females were put in with open margins. Very cold wind from north, temperature around 35°F in the morning. 4 August. Barrow, Alaska Routine data started a little later than usual this morning (0930). Finished by 1100. My faithful assistant wanted to dig for artifacts after lunch, so after helping me for nearly an hour, I okayed the departure. He deserves some extra time for all the extra work he has put in recently. I finished the metabolic cages by 1500 and checked the breeders. One female has a plug, the other is slightly closed, so that she may have had a plug when it. Holmes
Read Page
Page 178
No text detected
Read Page
Page 179
98 38 1963 Journal 4 Aug. got in last night. Enjoyed his trip immensely. Had snow flurry about 2000 but still about 40°F outside. Logston due to leave for Pit Point tomorrow morning. 5 August Barrow, Alaska Left the new breakfast house from 06:30 to 07:30, I made a "supreme" effort to get there by 06:45 and he writing some notes by 07:00. It may never happen again. Holland and I started the colony by 08:00 and finished by 09:30. I looked at some slide of a burning stomach contents that had been of one species of forage. I was wondering if it were possible to pick up any gross differences between types, after lunch I worked the metabolic cages through in an hour and returned to Dane's lab to help him run through blood sugars. Logston & Stanley left for Pit Point by 09:00. Stanley should return tonight if possible. We worked on the blood until dinner and attended a seminar about radiation (solar) given by Bruce Liske. Overcast day with a slight drizzle and some fog around the airport until late in the afternoon. Hank is running the line plot. 6 August Barrow, Alaska Worked on the animal colony until 18:00 alone. Holland went to Kruaik with Dolonce for the morning. At 18:00 I picked up Hank at the line plot. Upon returning I acquired some wood shavings from the shop. The Tundra is very soggy due to the recent rains. After
Read Page
Page 180
No text detected
Read Page
Page 181
48 1963 Journal 6 Aug Lunch, Hank helped me with the last half of the colony work. He was interested in what I did & how. The wind shifted from the east to the south to the west. This brought rain about 1430 and the wind increased to over 30 mph by 1700. I helped Dave for a half hour before dinner finishing some blood serum analyses. John Johnson also went with Holmes to Skroanik. He captured 9 lemmings there. This area seems to be possibly full of lemmings. Holmes states he has seen lemmings each time he has gone there. 7 Aug Barrow, Alaska Holland and I started the colony by 0800 and finished all routine work except for a few by 1000. Holland had to leave to help Prepa with clipping so I finished the routine work and cleaned. I set up new animals on data sheets and tried to give a lemming the special powder diet in a paste form. After the paste had dried, one, the lemming did eat some but still needed a drink (a long one) to help wash down the food. When fresh powder in paste form was put in the cage, the lemming did not touch it. The last metabolic experiment was completely designed for its start tomorrow. Adequate numbers are present to run the large powder diet experiment but with 32 animals instead of 64. More powder is being ordered in case the experiment works and most animals survive. There's enough
Read Page
Page 182
No text detected
Read Page
Page 183
40 1963 Journal 7 Aug. powder diet freeze type to start. The large experiment will run 30 days ending Sept. 7. Keith Van Cleve arrived today. Overcast day with almost constant drizzle, Wind increase late at night but always from west. Never was very cold. Wrote notes after dinner and worked on the color data sheets. 8 Aug. Barrow, Alaska Hollander and I processed the regular data until 0930 when I left to pick up Hank at the live plot. after return, we set up the metabolic cages to run the last experiment with the special powder diet. After lunch I helped Dave process blood sugars until dinner time. Dick returned before lunch to tell Hank about a seal on the tundra, 20 yards from Ukpiik Slough, and a 1/4 mile from the ocean. They left to collect the animal returned with it about 1430. Clean sunny day with a light breeze from the west. 9 Aug. Barrow, Alaska Vessel colony work was not done. The Schulty special diet experiment involving 32 animals was set up and the rest of the animals given food [illegible] (lab chow) ad libitum. The powder will be given in a paste form It will be weighed dry and then dried the next day, if it is not dry already, and then weighed again. Cold wind plus some occasional snow flurries are present. About 1400, Hank asked me to go to Wainwright to set
Read Page
Page 184
No text detected
Read Page
Page 185
41, LG63 Journal 9 Aug traps, Glenn Stanley came along to collect grass samples. We left about 1500. On the trip, we saw 2 red foxes near the ocean beach about half way down and many small groups of caribou after gossey Lizc. 9 Aug. Wainwright, Alaska Arrived at Wainwright about 1600. Hank & I carried the traps out while Glenn was sampling. It took about 1½ hours to set the 4 lines and walk back in. A 25 knot wind, cold + occasional snow flurries kept a person awake. We had dinner there and saw a [illegible] before returning about 2030. It's very wet over this area. Most troughs are filled with water but lemming sign looked good. The forage is very lush. It took 40 minutes to get back off due to a strong west wind. 10 Aug Barrow, Alaska I started the colony alone because Holland was helping Rex Pieper clip grass. Steve came in about 1500 to help. We spent the entire day on the colony quitting about 1700. Our procedures are set pretty well for the [illegible] experiment. 11 Aug Barrow, Alaska Colony work was finished easily due to no weighing & animals, the easy handling of the food and the reduced number of animals that need to be handled. The R4D went after Bill Maher taking along Rex Pieper,
Read Page
Page 186
No text detected
Read Page
Page 187
93. 1963 Journal 11 Aug. Gleen Stanley, Dil Chellet and a few other bondaglers. Overcast day starting out cold (34°) and becoming warmer (40+) in the later afternoon. All the colony work was finished by 1530 which gave up part of a Sunday afternoon free. Wrote notes after dinner. 12 Aug. Barrow, Alaska We developed a good effective system for handling the special diet and weighing the animals. Most animals are holding their own weights while an equal number have either increased or decreased. Two have died from the same group. Overcast weather but warm (40°) with practically no wind. The metabolic animals are showing signs of physical weakness, one to hemorrhaging from the anus. We finished day 1430, in time for me to help Logston at lines I, II and IX,X, a dense fog is settling in. By 2100 a heavy fog had drifted in. Hank Childs was supposed to return from Wainwright but couldn't be picked up. Dr. P. Hurd arrived today. 13 Aug. Barrow, Alaska Hollenbeck worked in the colony until 1600. Three of the metabolic animals died and we needed to transfer some of the animals from the large special diet experiment to the metabolic cages. Since these are already adapted to the powder, they may be able to overcome the sudden change to their metabolic cages. Max Buttner arrived today.
Read Page
Page 188
No text detected
Read Page
Page 189
43, 1963 Journal 13 Aug After finishing the colony, Holland & D went over the data sheets so I could write some comprehensive notes about the setup. Very cold this morning (low 33°) warming to our 45° by late evening. The R4D returned with Maher & company, Hank Childs not back yet. 14 Aug Barrow, Alaska Colony work was at a minimum and Holland & D finished the morning half by 0930, No animals died. Helped Dave finish his blood sugars from 1960 along with some new ones. After lunch, Holland & D cleaned up the metabolic cages. Muscular weather, with constant drizzle and 25 knot wind from the east. Maher's group has established itself in airology. Weather cleared by 1800 and the wind stopped. I worked on colony notes until dinner time. 15 Aug Barrow, Alaska Holland had to clip samples today. Did the colony alone, which including the weighing, took the entire day. Wind blowing from the west fairly strong in the morning dying about 1100. Rex Piper left today. About a dozen of us went to the airport to see him off. Rained hard and soft constantly after 1300. Many animals on the powder diet are gaining weight. Our crude methods of evaluating food intake may be an aid as a pilot experiment. Traphinos I, II and IX, X have to come in tonight. Childs plans to run a little
Read Page
Page 190
No text detected
Read Page
Page 191
44. 1913 Journal 15 Aug experiment with lemmings and the sounds they make when coming in contact with each other. He plans to record all sounds emitted by different pairs or groups when placed in a trap, plus observing all comments. 16 Aug. Barrow, Alaska Wind blowing in from N.W., very cold, temp. around 33°F. Holland & I hurried through the colony work. All animals doing fine. About to run out of control diet but expect a shipment tomorrow or the following day. Traps III A,B & IV A,B go out today. Some snow fell lightly but didn't stick. Temperature started climbing toward late afternoon & evening. After the metabolic cages were finished, Logsdon & I set out the traps. Lives III A,B appear a little more wet than usual. A flock of Loaggers are in the area will enhance trapping. Lives IV A,B are about the same, perhaps their if anything. Logsdon threw a track on the return trip and we took a one-bounce off the little freeway to the side. Home Runt. Evening weather is becoming very pleasant while mornings are cold. 17 Aug. Barrow, Alaska At 0715 snow was falling leaving large patches for a few hours. Wind blowing hard from the east bringing rail about 1200. Holland & I finished the morning work readily and I finished a little to Pokelka before lunch. Metabolic experiments is going to be difficult to analyze
Read Page
Page 192
No text detected
Read Page
Page 193
48. 1963 Journal 17 Aug. for information: as animals die, they are replaced by one from the larger group of controlled diets and the experiment goes on. This is not in accord with Schultz' original plans but nothing else can be done. Chalks is ready to try the behavior experiment with lemmings this afternoon. I'll have to help Steve reset the lines after all this Rail. Hank is excited about these behavior experiments. He plans to follow these ideas through. Very cold & windy on the traplines. About a third of the traps were sprung. One lemming was found. Temperature must have been near 28° ±. After returning about 2:20, I went back out with Rick Tanaga & Steve MacLean to act as chaperone to Beach Ridge to collect their traps. They collected some birds and picked up 2 lemmings from their traps. Ice covered the grass but ponds weren't frozen due to the strong last wind. 18 Aug. Barrow, Alaska Work started dawn west today—bringing large chunks of ice back in from the ice pack. Holland and I went through the colony work with ease. Hank is doing a little photography work with the behavior experiment. Duke shaved his beard off; looks like a young man again! After the colony work, Holland & I helped Hank set the live traps. Temperature dropped as did the wind so that ponds have a thin sheet of ice over them. I took Hank back out
Read Page
Page 194
No text detected
Read Page
Page 195
46. GS. 1963 Journal 18 Aug. to the live plot after the movie 19 Aug Barrow, Alaska Holland and I stayed with the colony work until 1430. The Schultz special diet is not working very well. Enough animals are dying to cause inconsistencies within the data. After 1500, Logsdon and I set lines XIII + XIV in the fertilizer plot. The plot is a little more wet than usual and several trapping stations were left without traps. Mild day compared to the freezes recently. A crisp wind from the east is blowing softly. After dinner, Hank and I set lines V, VI, VII and VIII while Logsdon pulled in III A,B and IV A,B. The nights are getting darker; it will be necessary to use weasels with lights pretty soon. 20 August Barrow, Alaska Logsdon is ill with tonsillitis and is going into the village to see the doctor. Therefore, I ran the traps this morning leaving the colony to Holland. Since Keith Van Cleve & Dean Stanley were going to the fertilizer plot to clip grass, I went along to check the lines and help them. They also clipped from Schultz's plot while I checked the other 4 lines. We got back by noon. After lunch I helped Holland finish the colony work. I decided to close down the metabolic experiment with special diet because of the frequent deaths and obvious
Read Page
Page 196
No text detected
Read Page
Page 197
47 Journal 20 Aug. Valueless data (except as a pilot experiment to paint out trends and in which direction to concentrate on next time). After coffee, I went with Hank to pull in the line traps. It rained intermittently as heavy clouds passed over. After the rain, Hank and I checked the 6 lines. I dropped him at V, VI, VII & VIII while I checked the fertiliza plot lines. The road (?) out is becoming worse each time. We can make it a few more times, I suppose. 21 August Barrow, Alaska Left to check the lines by 0810. Stopped by the line plot to start a Coleman stove in the wagon where the line traps are, this is to try them so they won't mold during the winter. Very nice day, in the high 30's. Incher's group left for Peters Lake by 1300. It's been decided I would go to the Snow with a volunteer, Rick Ashley of the Bohnsack project. Can't leave until the float plane returns from Peters, probably by the 23rd. Worked on the notes for the colony for awhile before dinner. After dinner Hank & I ran the lines. A juvenile Dicrostonyx was taken in line IV. Rest of notes to be sent later from 22 August on.
Read Page
Page 198
No text detected
Read Page
Page 199
D. Stew 48, 1963 Journal Aug 22 Barry, Alaska Checked the traplines by dropping Keith Van Cleve and Glenn Stanley by the gasbins and proceeding to the traps. Very strong wind from the east, blowing about 35 knots. Dicked Stanley & Van Cleve up about 1700 on the way back. Worked on some notes and talked to Hank about the Snare trip and next year's work. Started to rain off and on after lunch but cleared by 1700. We had extra help in bringing in the traplines. Holland drove Rick Ashley and me to the Tertiary plot, Hank, Dave and two other "volunteers" went to the Central Marsh & Beach Ridge Area. Snare trip will be delayed until possibly tomorrow. The night was very still. Very little or no birds in central marsh. Aug 23. Barry, Alaska Helped Holland do the colony work and then worked on some notes. Gale winds blowing from the west, whip- ing large waves along the beach. Hank Childs left today. Just before dinner, Humphrey told me the Snare flight wasn't for 1900. Rick Ashley is going with me but I'm going on the first flight. The wind has calmed to a breeze. Snare River After unloading the equipment, I set one line of traps before the plane returned. Ben set up camp and then finished putting out traps. Water in Kolake in front is higher than last year, by at least 10 inches.
Read Page
Page 200
1963 Journal 49 23 Aug Snare River, Alaska The vegetation is greener than that of Barrow. I am not sure of the trapline numbers, that is, wheels 2 are I + II and III + IV. But I will call the ones behind the campsite I + II with the 0.0 end forward the river and the ones to the right of the campsite (as you face the lake) III + IV with the 0.0 stake closest to the campsite. I saw a snowy owl near lines III + IV. Very little bird life. A few gulls at lines III + IV. Very little bird life. A few gulls at Longspurs are the only ones observed. 24 Aug Snare River, Alaska Very clear, warm day compared to those recently at Barrow. Temp. must lie in 40's. Gentle wind from the east. Checked lines after breakfast; a total catch of 17 lemmings. A Parasite jaeger was flying around lines I + II, while the Snowy owl seen last night, was perched near the lake about 200 yds from lines III + IV. Another owl is across the river. Very few birds. About 3 shorebirds were feeding along lake edge. Some kind of sandpiper; a good guess was a Pectoral. No more than a dozen or less Longspurs are in the immediate area. Rick had an upset stomach this morning. He's sleeping now. In the morning light, the habitat (primary) for the lemmings is full of runways, and cutting are apparent. Two other lemmings were running near the traplines but were not pursued. We'll get them later! Stayed in tent until time to check dines. While checking one set of lines (I + II) saw an adult and 2 juvenile lemmings near the lines. Saw a Red-Back Bandsniper. Dark clouds in the east; probably a storm coming,
Read Page
Page 201
D. Stann 1963 25 Aug Journal Drome River, Alaska Heavy wind with rain from the east, started about 0200. Wind up to 40 knots at times. Tent leaking on my side. Checked lines about 0900. Not sarked checking the last two lines, Rick feeling better but has throbbing headache at times. Tent ridgepole about to give. We looked it as best as possible last night, but it's getting worse. Rick walked to the trail camp to look for a long pole to hold up the ridgepole. Didn't find anything but came back with a good idea. Fixed the ridgepole by moving the front pole back to the middle of the Tent. Rain stopped about 1300 and wind came down to about 15-20 knots. Spent the day drying out wet clothes and wet bedding. Checked traps about 1900. Half of the four caught were wet from the rain. This means they were caught between the morning trap check and about 1300 when the rain stopped. The trap record tends to demonstrate how beneficial the dark (?) hours are as the biggest catch is in the morning. Saw 2 jaegers during the evening run at a distance appeared to be parasitics but may be young Pomarines. We saw 10 caribou across the river last night but no others in immediate area. Noticed how red the Arctophila is and how most of willow is dying. Other vegetation still mostly green, the Eriophorum vegetation is part yellow (upper half) but there seems to be more cotton breaks on the high poly grass
Read Page
Page 202
1963 Journal 25 Aug than I remember last year about this time, Started to rain again about 2100, steady downpour. Wind hasn't become very strong but starting to. Pretty sure the ridge-pole will hold. Strong winds & rain started about 2100 and lasted a couple hours. May hold down the catch. 26 Aug Snarru River, Alaska Weather: overcast with scattered showers. mild wind from the west. Checked traps around 0900. Rick & I cleaned up as much as possible, then read. Rick checked his pitfall insect traps and came back with a weed. About 1500 we started picking up the traps. Saw a Long-tailed jaeger near I & II. The 2 small jaegers last night could have been Longtails. Float plane arrived right on time!!! Rick & I left with the first load. Head to be home. Upon returning, Lopman told me 2 old lines I & II backwards and III & IV backwards. I'll have to ask Dave or leave a note or something. Dick & Debbie already left with the R4D to Anchorage. Checked Mullen's aerial photo with lines indicated. More appropriate changes.
Read Page
Page 203
Stevens, G. 1962 - 1963 Alaska Species Accounts: 1962 - 1963
Read Page
Page 204
No text detected
Read Page
Page 205
No text detected
Read Page
Page 206
No text detected
Read Page
Page 207
No text detected
Read Page
Page 208
No text detected
Read Page
Page 209
Gavia arctica July 9, 1962, Skraovich Lake, Barrow, Alaska; While circling the southern end of the lake through the marshy areas, two were seen in the water (actually backwater). Another was seen in a small pond about a half-mile from the first two. Aug 14, 1962, Lake Peters, Alaska; Several seen at different times, usually flying north-south over the lake toward Schradin Lake. Aug 18, 1962, Dran River, Alaska; A single loon lands on a small lake just off the river, occasionally in the afternoon, but usually in the evening. Aug 15, 1962, Dran River, Alaska; The laughing cry of the loon heard very close to the tent about 0700. Was very close to Glaucon gulls and Arctic terns who were crying out.
Read Page
Page 210
No text detected
Read Page
Page 211
No text detected
Read Page
Page 212
No text detected
Read Page
Page 213
1963 Arner albifrons 11 june Barrow, Alaska One flying south over Desline ridge 12 june Barrow Alaska One flying west over Voth area.
Read Page
Page 214
No text detected
Read Page
Page 215
No text detected
Read Page
Page 216
No text detected
Read Page
Page 217
No text detected
Read Page
Page 218
No text detected
Read Page
Page 219
No text detected
Read Page
Page 220
No text detected
Read Page
Page 221
Branta nigricans 21 june Barrow, Alaska a male a female collected from central Marsh, female with broad patches. Another lone individual was seen later.
Read Page
Page 222
No text detected
Read Page
Page 223
No text detected
Read Page
Page 224
No text detected
Read Page
Page 225
Anas acuta 11 June 1962. Western side of fresh water lake, Pt. Barrow, Alaska 5 seen, 4♂ 1♀. On body of water just south of airport, 5 seen. June 12 3♂ 4♀ 1♀ seen near the meadow lakes flying NW. June 14, Central marsh, Pt. Barrow; about 20 individuals flying SW June 15. Central Marsh, Pt. Barrow; 24 individuals flying south June 16, Voth Area, Pt. Barrow; 2 individuals (pair?) seen at various spots, never stopping for very long. June 17, ¼ mi south of ARL, Pt. Barrow; 2 individuals, at least one was ♂, maybe both, flying south. ♂ was displaying by throwing its back and keeping loudly. Did this about 4 times and flew on. June 23, 1962, 20 yds east of row of drums nearest Fresh Water Lake Road; Nest found with 7 eggs on top of a polygon. July 5, 1962, 20 yds east of row of drums nearest Fresh Water Lake Road; same nest found June 23, still has only 7 eggs. July 7, 1962. North of "Little Freeway", ¼ mi east of Village-ARL Road, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; nest with 7 eggs; hen easily frightened by passing vehicle. August 19, 1962, Drave River, Alaska; Fine seen on pond about a half-mile from camp.
Read Page
Page 226
No text detected
Read Page
Page 227
1963 Anas acuta 12 june Barrow, Alaska A group 3 3 flew over lines IIA,B Morning South in the morning. In the Afternoon, a flock of 12 flew the same direction at the same place. 13 june Barrow, Alaska A flock 8 9 flew over the free way south 15 june Barrow, Alaska A large flock (15+) flew over the Barrel area north. 18 june Barrow, Alaska One small flying over Barrel area east 27 june Barrow, Alaska 3♂ + 2♀ on a small pond across the road from Fresh Water Lake (south side) 29 june Barrow, Alaska A ♂ on stream leading into Wohlschley Slough. 20 July Barrow, Alaska A group of 4 hens on pond near Streamik Lake. 29 July Pittmege River - Cape Selina A hen w/ 4 young on small pond near Trophy I
Read Page
Page 228
No text detected
Read Page
Page 229
Polypticta stelleri July 9, 1962, Lake Skravik, Barrow, Alaska; at the southern end of the lake, a flock of ten hers were in the water set off from other flocks. July 15, 1962, Barrow, Alaska; On the road next to fresh water lake, a drake and two hens flew across as we drove south. Evidently they were not on the lake but on small ponds across the road from the lake. July 16, 1962 St. Barrow, Alaska; en returning to ARL from "Little Freeway," saw two ducks in the ocean that I did not recognize. With Holmce there, turned out to be two hens.
Read Page
Page 230
No text detected
Read Page
Page 231
1963 Polypterus stelleri . 11 June Barrow, Alaska, 3♂♂+2♀♀ flying NE over Goaline Ridge; landed in central marsh. 12 June Barrow, Alaska, 1♂ on a small pond between Family Lagoon and South Salt Lagoon (West of Bittton's area) feeding. 18 June Barrow, Alaska 1♂♂ a pair flew over Goaline Ridge toward Upper Meadow Lake. 21 June Barrow, Alaska Small pair in small ponds in central marsh at 2 mi from Gas well. 29 June Barrow, Alaska One on small pond in Central Marsh. 20 July Barrow, Alaska a♀ w/ 6 chicks in area between Cakerater and Bittton's Area, west of his W.A.B. 29 July Cape Selene Snyngbena (15+) near mouth of river and ocean. Some were flying south along the coastline.
Read Page
Page 232
No text detected
Read Page
Page 233
Arctonetta fischerii June 17, 1962 St. Barrow, just south of ARL. Flock 3 eiders (believe to be spectacled) numbering 35+ flaying NE. Did not land. July 2, 1962, Central Marsh, St. Barrow; Three hens and an adult seen near a pond. A parasitic jaeger chased a hen for a few feet, then gave up.
Read Page
Page 234
No text detected
Read Page
Page 235
Lampronetta fischeri 14 june Barrow, Alaska - One on a small pond in Bittton's area feeding. 21 june Barrow, Alaska (8?) one in central marsh, very wary 29 june Barrow, Alaska A drake taken by D. A. Mullen near A.A.C.S on a small pond. Will be preserved as a skin. 20 July Barrow, Alaska A ? shot by R.T. Holmes on the wing to be preserved as a specimen. Shot near Lake Stroanik.
Read Page
Page 236
No text detected
Read Page
Page 237
No text detected
Read Page
Page 238
No text detected
Read Page
Page 239
Somateria spectabilis 14 June Barrow, Alaska 4 ducks, 2♂♂ and 2♀♀ flew over Vothe creek east. 20 July Barrow, Alaska Large flocks [illegible] Ciders are flying with the east wind.
Read Page
Page 240
No text detected
Read Page
Page 241
No text detected
Read Page
Page 242
No text detected
Read Page
Page 243
Clangula hyemalis 11 June 1962 at western end of fresh water lake, Pt. Barrow, Alaska, 1♂ seen. Did not fight easily. When something was thrown close to it, flew a hundred yards low across the water, landing again (cf.3) in the water a few minutes later; without further harassment, flew away south. On body of water just south of airport were about 8. June 12 about 6 seen on central marsh. June 14 at eastern end of small body of water, 4 mi E of ARL, Pt. Barrow. a pair seen landing in the water. June 15 At southern end of fresh water lake, Pt. Barrow; 2♀ seen swimming On body of water just west of above mentioned 8; a pair seen. ♂ displayed once with the cocking back of the head. June 16 North area, Pt. Barrow; On a small body of water just 5W of receiver site were four individuals; for certain there were 2♂ 2♀. June 26 NW corner Upper Meadow Lake, Pt. Barrow; a pair were displaying leg diving into the water and then shooting upward. A third tried to luff in 3 times but was chased away each time. July 7 Vollschlag Slough, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; a male and female observed in water. Mullen took 2 shots at the drake but missed. July 9, 1962, Southern end of Lake Starevick, Barrow; a flock of terns in the water set off from the other birds. July 14, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Large flock of about 150-200 Drakes 4 days in water off point (in calm water)
Read Page
Page 244
No text detected
Read Page
Page 245
Clangula hyemalis 15 june Wamwright, Alaska 3 m water adjacent to the runway for light. One squeak occurred when we came too close to another. A retreat followed closely. 18 june Barrow, Alaska a few on fresh water lake. 20 june Barrow, Alaska 4 individuals on Fresh water Lake. near shore. 21 june Barrow, Alaska 2 individuals in small stream near Gas Well 25 june Barrow, Alaska a group 3 16 on Fresh Water Lake near South Shore. 27 june Barrow, Alaska a group 7 5 on Fresh Water Lake near South Shore. 29 june Barrow, Alaska a pair on Wohlschley Slough near shore.
Read Page
Page 246
No text detected
Read Page
Page 247
No text detected
Read Page
Page 248
No text detected
Read Page
Page 249
No text detected
Read Page
Page 250
No text detected
Read Page
Page 251
No text detected
Read Page
Page 252
No text detected
Read Page
Page 253
No text detected
Read Page
Page 254
No text detected
Read Page
Page 255
No text detected
Read Page
Page 256
No text detected
Read Page
Page 257
No text detected
Read Page
Page 258
No text detected
Read Page
Page 259
Plurialis dominica 11 June 1962 On high, dry ground just South of POW. Pt Barrow. a pair w/o dimorphism stood watching. One sang occasionally in high-pitched short whistle. June 12 One only seen at Baseline Ridge June 14 Pair seen at Beach Ridge, 1/4 mi from POW June 15. Baseline, 1/4 mi. South of ART; one seen. Baseline Ridge [illegible] ; 2 pair seen. June 16, Voith Area, Pt Barrow. One seen displaying by raising rear end of while the & is behind. Several others in area. June 20, Trapline IX, Pt. Barrow; pair seen. June 22, 1962, 20 yds NW of Trapline IX, Pt Barrow; a type of distraction display where the individual was sitting (not on the nest), and flapped its wings several times in rapid succession. As I moved a little more, it ran south. No further add. Could not find the nest. June 23, 1962, Trapline IX, Pt Barrow; Nest about 25 yards south of 10.0. Has 4 eggs on a polygon in plain view - "Drum Area"; nest found with 3 eggs in middle of drum area; marked with orange stake. June 29, 1962. In a small ravine across Voith Creek from Voith Area Paper, Pt Barrow; a male was running up the north side of the ravine away from my approaching vehicle in a type of fleeing, not distraction. July 4, 1962. Central Marsh, Pt. Barrow; Small groups of Elms are gathering. The groups are from 3-4. Observed several groups tonight. July 17, 1962, Line B, Pt. Barrow; Nestlings are gone, firm nest referred to on June 23. Owl in area,
Read Page
Page 260
No text detected
Read Page
Page 261
1963 Glurialis dominica 11 June Barrow, Alaska One sitting on a mound between Gasoline ridge of ATCS; no action other than a few running steps. 14 June Barrow, Alaska One flying near lines III A, B. 15 June Wainwright, Alaska (C8) A pair near lines I and II calling but no action. 18 June Barrow, Alaska. Several (4-5) between ATCS & Gasoline Ridge One instance of territoriality. 21 June Barrow, Alaska A pair in central marsh. 25 June Barrow, Alaska A pair near line 0.6, Line X 27 June Barrow, Alaska A pair moving back & forth across line IV. Several traps have been set off due to this pair undoubtedly. 30 June Barrow, Alaska I finally found a nest on line III B, 7.6, just east of the stake on a polygon top without grass. 4 eggs. Found earlier but described by H.E. Chilks Jr. 22 July, Ganser, Alaska A flock of three (3) on road next to Fresh Water Lake feeding along the shore. In heavy melt.
Read Page
Page 262
No text detected
Read Page
Page 263
2. U.S. 1963 Pluvialis dominica 27 July Barrow, Alaska A pair w/4 chicks on west side of fertilizer plot The primaries of the chicks were barely evident. 30 July Pittmege River - Cape Selene A young one, in first flying plumage observed in grassy area near ridge top.
Read Page
Page 264
No text detected
Read Page
Page 265
No text detected
Read Page
Page 266
No text detected
Read Page
Page 267
1963 Lumosa lepponica 29 July Pittmega River - Cape Sabine, Alaska A female collected near the mouth of the river in thick willow area. Preserved as a skin by H.E. Chelds Jr..
Read Page
Page 268
No text detected
Read Page
Page 269
Arenia interpres June 16, 1962, Yoth Area, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; 1 seen on nest. Chased by a dog. In same area, one was seen chasing a jaeger (Stercorarius). June 13, 1962, Yoth Area, Pt. Barrow; pair seen just west of receiver site. June 23, 1962, "Drum Area"; Pair on water. July 2, 1962, Beach Ridge, Pt. Barrow; a male feeding on the ridge where there is supposed to be a nest in the area. July 4, 1962, Central Marsh, Pt. Barrow; male seen near a group of Golden Plovers. July 7, 1962, SooYda NW of receiver site, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; pair seen on ground only momentarily, not feeding. August 24, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; a pair seen in a small pond in association with Dunlin, Western Sandpiper, Sanderling & Plovers. In winter Plunge
Read Page
Page 270
No text detected
Read Page
Page 271
Arenia interpres 29 June Barrow, Alaska One on Beach Ridge near Wohlsehlag sleeps in high polygonal area. A stake near it indicated that the nest had been located earlier. 25 July Barrow, Alaska One 3 near First Wolf Lake. R.T. Holmes says there is a large flock (20) near here, 30 July Pittmegea River - Cape Soline, Alaska One observed on river bank feeding. 31 July Pittmegea River - Cape Soline, Alaska A group (6+) of juveniles feeding along the banks of the river. At first were thought to be Black Turnstones. 20 Aug Barrow, Alaska A few young juveniles are near the south shore of Fish Water Lake feeding.
Read Page
Page 272
No text detected
Read Page
Page 273
Crocephia alba June 26, NW Upper Breakaw Lake, Pt. Barrow; Recorded flight song (HOLMES) of male. Did chase once but did so over the Beach Ridge beyond sight and adequate hearing. Aug 24, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; An small ponds halfway to the extremity of the Point were many (total 50-75) mixed in with Dunlin, Western Sandpiper, Phalaropes.
Read Page
Page 274
No text detected
Read Page
Page 275
Ereunetes pusillus 11 june 1962 Salt lagoon #1 Pt Barrow, Alaska. Three individuals seen going through act of hovering over the ground (50 ft in air) while emitting the motor boat sound. June 16, 1962, Voth area, Pt. Barrow; Individual about 50'-75' above ground, hovering, emitting the motor boat sound. June 18, 1962 Voth's area, Pt. Barrow; one nest found which is actually across from Voth's area proper, across the "Little Freeway." also, to the north of this nest, a male was seen going through the nest cup display of going from one nest to another in a tail down, hunched position. He would settle on a nest cup for a few seconds and go to the second. The female followed him in both instances. then both went off to feed. Both cups were located and marked. July
Read Page
Page 276
No text detected
Read Page
Page 277
Cruncetes [illegible] pumilus 21 june Barrow, Alaska A male displaying mix aerial + sny movements + sny in Barrow area. no other was seen. 23 june Barrow, Alaska a nest with + eggs near waterline between explosive shack and animal house. Mother did not become very excited when I found nest but did stay in vicinity. 29 july Ottomege River - Cape Saline Several, came in flocks; on river 17 Aug Barrow, Alaska a few are on the shore of Fresh Water Lake. 21 Aug. Barrow, Alaska a few are near the south shore of Fresh Water Lake
Read Page
Page 278
No text detected
Read Page
Page 279
No text detected
Read Page
Page 280
No text detected
Read Page
Page 281
Erolia bairdii June 14. Cartiel marsh almost to Beech Ridge, St. Barrow, one individual on ground. June 17, 1962. Voth's Area, St. Barrow; several pairs here, but did not locate any nest. July 5, 1962. 100 sw of Aridology, St. Barrow; a nest found with four eggs. Very elaborate distraction display by the breeder. July 19, 1962, St. Barrow; nest referred to on July 5 is gone along with parent. July 18, 1962, Voth Area, St. Barrow; a flock of six in area moving about, occasionally caught in our traps.
Read Page
Page 282
No text detected
Read Page
Page 283
D. Steiner 1963 Erolia bandii 11 June Barrow, Alaska Das line ridge - Display of the ascending & trilling during the [illegible] cruising was seen over line I & II. One showed aggressive attitudes toward another Baird's by chasing the latter from its territory in swooping dives until the latter reached the outskirts of its territory. 13 June Barrow, Alaska A 8 & F on Fresh Water Lake Road near AACS Male displayed both wings straight up in the air for a few seconds. 14 June Barrow, Alaska A nest found in Brittm's Area with 4 eggs. 15 June Wainwright, Alaska A 8 was startled off her nest northeast of line II, a few hundred yards away. The same wing display was immediate after jumping from the nest area. 17 June Barrow, Alaska A 8 displaying with song (dry trill, R.T. Holmes) and moving the wing rapidly in a small arc. Another shrilling or short song of a few notes occurs just before the 8 lands. The 8 usually landed on a large patch of snow just south of lines I & II 25 June Barrow, Alaska A nest adjacent to AACS on turnoff to lines IX & X from Fresh Water Lake Road with 4 eggs.
Read Page
Page 284
No text detected
Read Page
Page 285
D.S. 1963 Erolia bairdi 19 Aug. Barrow, Alaska Several individuals, probably juveniles along the south shore of Fresh Water Lake.
Read Page
Page 286
No text detected
Read Page
Page 287
Erolia melanotus January 17, 1962 Voth's Area, Pt. Barrow at 1430, seen at southeastern end of Voth's area and at 1500, one seen at Voth's area next to "Little Freeway." No display. In both instances just fed. June 22, 1962: On road east of trap line IV+X; flock 64 (at least) feeding on road and adjacent hillsides. When started, moved away in a flock under control and moved in a circle coming back down in the same area. June 23, 1962, Trap line IV+X, Pt. Barrow; flock has increased (according to Holmes) to about eighty and has moved across the pipe line and are still feeding. Holmes says they are all males. Significance? "Drum Area" just above trap line IX; male went through the territorial display of flying up and down in an "undulating" wave motion emitting the low booming sound on the upbeat. The wings were flapped on the upbeat and then it would glide downward. A female was sitting nearby, but I failed to locate the nest. Several other males were nearby feeding; they were associated with this flock mentioned earlier. Postural Undulating Flight in territorial display. [sketch of undulating flight pattern labeled "Polygon"] June 24, Central marsh near Trap line VII; male glided over ground with its gular pouch filled emitting that long trill.
Read Page
Page 288
No text detected
Read Page
Page 289
Erolia melanotos June 29, 1962 area across from Voth area Proper (east of it) Pt. Barrow; a flock of 22 were feeding on a level plain without any displaying. No other birds in the immediate vicinity. July 2, 1962, Beach Ridge, Pt. Barrow; a flock of seven seen feeding; no display. July 4, 1962, Central Marsh, Pt. Barrow; a male killed by me for a specimen. Aug 17, 1962, Snow River, Alaska; 4 seen fairly close together near our camp.
Read Page
Page 290
No text detected
Read Page
Page 291
D. Stevens 1963 Erolia melanotus 11 June Barrow, Alaska. On Black Ridge one constantly moving around, occasionally displaying. Defend its territory against another Erolia once. Others would be heard displaying in adjacent areas. On Gasoline ridge 2 78° flew side by side, probably on the fringes of their territory. No actual defense of territory was attempted. 12 June. Barrow, Alaska A male seen near trap lines III A, B circling another two miles away. 13 June Barrow, Alaska. a group of 5 were circling low to the ground near Gasoline Ridge 14 June Barrow, Alaska Individuals sighted occasionally by Vath Area and Britton's Area 15 June Wainwright, Alaska Two were seen, one displaying near the call and low flight. 17 June. Barrow, Alaska Several males are encountered in trip from Beach Ridge to Gasoline Ridge. 18 June Barrow, Alaska A pedestal nest with 4 eggs located south of line I about 20 yards.
Read Page
Page 292
No text detected
Read Page
Page 293
2 Erolia melanotus 20 June Barrow, Alaska. ♀ with nesty 4 eggs 30 yards south of 100 m trapline I still the same, no charge. ♂ in bend area, evidently impaired. 21 June Barrow, Alaska ♀ with nesty 4 eggs in central marsh. 25 June Barrow, Alaska Four near line IX flying and then stopping to feed. 28 June Barrow, Alaska A Rectal nest is between lines IV & V but wasn't located. 1 July. Barrow, Alaska ♀ taken on trapline IV B. Given to R.T. Holmes 6 July Barrow, Alaska a group of 7 observed flying and landing to possibly feed near the gasline above Upper Meadow Lake 19 July Barrow, Alaska a flock of 15 west of lines I & II on Geolin Ridge. 21 July Barrow, Alaska a group 3-5 were feeding on Beach Ridge near AA CS 21 August Barrow, Alaska a flock of 20+ were feeding on the road leading south from the AA CS area. Five were collected for R.T. Holmes.
Read Page
Page 294
No text detected
Read Page
Page 295
Erolia alpina June 6, 1962. Voth area, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; a pair seen and then a nest found about 10' west of III A. The stake had to be placed 4' east instead of west because of water on east side. Contained 4 eggs. June 17, 1962 Voth's area, Pt. Barrow; 2 killed about 1550 by Hines and Sullivan. From 2000 to 2200, 4 nests found, each w/ 4 eggs. These 4: 2 are in Voth's area proper and the other 2 are on the other side of the "Little Freeway" across from Voth's area proper. In each instance, Dunlin was quick to leave the nest; only once did we find the nest the first time. The males are still displaying and singing June 28, 1962. Across Voth Creek from Voth Area Proper, Pt. Barrow; a male and a female were copulating. The male was mounted and flapping his wings. The act of mounting lasted about 10 seconds. There was no postcopulatory display. July 4, 1962, Central Marsh, Pt. Barrow; One female killed by Holmes for specimen. July 18, 1962, Voth Area, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Noticed flock of six around trap lines; two were captured in air traps. July 21, 1962, Beach Ridge, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; a flock of five seen. August 19, 1962, Snow River, Alaska; Only a [illegible] seen by myself, but Airman said he saw more than two. August 24, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; A few were in association with Sandlamps and Polyps on a small pond halfway to the Point.
Read Page
Page 296
No text detected
Read Page
Page 297
1463 Barrow, Alaska Ciridia alpina 11 June From Beach ridge & Baseline ridge, the calling 28" could be heard. 12 June Barrow Alaska I seen flying near lines III A, B. 13 June Barrow, Alaska 2 8" seen displaying via the trilling note near lines IX & X 14 June Barrow, Alaska A nest with 3 eggs found near Holmes' insect plots. 15 June Barrow, Wainwright, Alaska Several pairs are in the area but not enough time for accurate observations. 21 June Barrow, Alaska A pair on Beach ridge from lines VII & VIII 28 June Barrow, Alaska A nest with 4 eggs near 0.0 on line III A was staked. 21 July Barrow, Alaska One or polygons between upper meadows Lake & Hodine 24 July Barrow, Alaska A group of 5-7 near Fresh Water Lake feeding, all were in heavy melt. 27 July Barrow, Alaska A pair w/ 4 chicks on west side of fertilize plot, the primaries on the chicks were barely evident.
Read Page
Page 298
No text detected
Read Page
Page 299
Lemniodonu s scolopaceus Aug19, 1962, Draw River, Alaska; one seen in a series of small ponds about a mile from the river. Aug 24, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; one seen by me; Holmes saw three others about halfway to the Point on a series of small ponds.
Read Page
Page 300
No text detected
Read Page
Page 301
Phalacrocorax fulicarius July 4, 1962, central marsh, Pt. Barrow; A male killed by me for a specimen; also the phalacrocorax are grouping in the marsh. Observed a flock of about 25 in a pond. July 7, 1962, Ookpik Slough & immediate area; Pt. Barrow; Flocks and individual birds still nesting seen feeding, and on water in good size numbers. July 9, Southern end of Lake Tikchovik, Barrow, Alaska; Several flocks totaling approximately 500, all molting. July 19, 1962, Voth Area, Pt. Barrow; Two, sometimes Three in the air constantly peeping. Aug 17, 1962, Drake River, Alaska; Small flocks on the ponds a couple miles off the river. Were in winter plumage. Aug 24, 1962, Pt. Barrow, Alaska; Large flocks & on ponds (25-40) totaling 2-300 on the point. All in winter plumage.
Read Page
Page 302
No text detected
Read Page
Page 303
1963 Phalaropus fulicarius 11 june Barrow, alaska One seen at 0.0 on line I on Gasline ruly. No definite actin seen. 12 june Barrow, alaska Near lines III A & B. one found settling on a small park and feeding, then 2 more in a similar situation. 14 june Barrow, alaska Very abundant in the watery areas between Point A. & Beach ridge. Saw one attempt at Copulation 15 june Wainwright, alaska 3 seen but surely more due to large amount of water available. 18 june Barrow, alaska Abundant in pools throughout Areas by Beach ridge. 21 june Barrow, alaska See many phalaropes in watery areas. An aggressive display by 4 toward other 4 for protection. Her mate seen in Central Marsh. 27 june Barrow, Alaska A group of 5 females were feeding in Central Marsh adjacent to Beach ridge. 28 june Barrow, Alaska. A nest with 2 eggs was found at 0.0 on line IVA
Read Page
Page 304
No text detected
Read Page
Page 305
1963 Phaloropus fulicarius 1 July Barrow, Alaska A male was taken in a snaptrap on IV B near a rest at 0.0. Probably the parent. 20 July Barrow, Alaska Pholnopes are flocking in ponds. On poles near Lake Skroanik, flocks of 10-30 were counted. 19 Aug Barrow, Alaska Phaloropus along Fresh Water Lake in small numbers. 20 Aug. Barrow, Alaska Juveniles along the shore and in the water of Fresh Water Lake 21 Aug. Barrow, Alaska Flocks of young near the fertilizer plot
Read Page
Page 306
No text detected
Read Page
Page 307
Stercorarius pomarinus June 12, 1962. Central marsh, Pt. Barrow, 8-12 individuals seen settling and flying. Also one melanistic June 14, 1962. Central marsh, Pt. Barrow, one individual winging northwest June 15. Just south of fresh water lake and East of gas line; one was seated on a high (3') tuft of ground. Hines said it was not in a nesting pose. It flew after about 30 seconds. June 16. Voth Area, Pt. Barrow; I seen on a high mound in a position in which may be brooding. Did not have chance to check. June 17, ¼ mi south of ARL between fresh water lake and row of barrels to the west of the lake, Pt. Barrow; One individual flying south about 20 ft. above ground turned as if it had seen something on the ground, then flew me. June 28, [illegible] Northern part of Upper Mead's Lake, Pt. Barrow; I have seen one flying over area evidently preying. June 24, Trapline IV, Central marsh; one individual seen preying on area about 15 feet above ground. July 2, 1962, Central Marsh, Pt. Barrow; Five individuals seen in a group with one parasite pigeon.
Read Page
Page 308
No text detected
Read Page
Page 309
D. Steven 1963 Stercorarius pomarinus 11 June Barrow, Alaska One cruising over barrel area adjacent to fresh water lake road. Two, possibly a pair on Beach Ridge, usually cruising low for lemmings. 12 June Barrow, Alaska One seen circling over Barrel Area in the morning. A pair are situated in an area west of trap lines III A, B and patrol the surrounding area. 13 June Barrow, Alaska Near Gasline ridge, Steve Logdon & I watch a pomarine chase a snowy owl (?) which has invaded its territory. The chase was in a circle with the owl returning to its original spot and the chase ending. 14 June Barrow, Alaska A pair previously observed near lines III A, B, and another pair near Brent Point. No nests found. 15 June Wanwright, Alaska A pair searched the tundra in the immediate tundra east and north of Liz III. 16 June Barrow, Alaska One in Barrel Area stopped suddenly in the air with a backward motion of the wings and dropped about 10-15 feet to the ground behind
Read Page
Page 310
No text detected
Read Page
Page 311
Stercorarius pomarinus 16 june Bea mound (polygon). Assumed predation on a lemming. Could not see any action. Jaye did not leave for several minutes. 17 june Barrow, Alaska One running over Beach Ridge near pipeline. 18 june Barrow, Alaska A F perched on polygon north of Gasline Ridge. 21 june Barrow, Alaska 3 nests located, all north of Beppa: (1) 100 yds north of line VII. (2) Cithal Wash by Wohlelay Creek (3) West of Lawn Meadow Lake Also a melanote on Beach Ridge SE of line VII. Tour were near lines IX + X by APC-5 during shoveling over the tundra. One clash occurred of army brief interlude. 25 june Barrow, Alaska One over lines IX + X preying. Perched near Fresh Water Lake road 27 june Barrow, Alaska One over lines II + IV rolling an occasional trap. 29 june Barrow, Alaska. A pair between Central Marsh and Gasline Ridge. Nest wasn't found. 3 july Barrow, Alaska One observed near lines XIII + XIV tearing up sod randomly, occasionally pausing to swallow. Appeared to be eating insects.
Read Page
Page 312
No text detected
Read Page
Page 313
Stercorarius pomarinus 5 July Barrow, Alaska (cont') the area around it was low and grassy surrounded by small ponds. 6 July Barrow, Alaska a pair were calling loudly in vicinity of western end of Upper Meadow Lake. A short time later, a Snowy Owl flew SE. 19 July Barrow, Alaska A chick located near nest where adult was. Had already been banded by Holmes. This was near lines XI, XII 23 July Barrow, Alaska A pair near 10.0 on line IV are the most excited ones I've seen this spring. Holmes says this is more normal than the ones which are rather lethargic. Holmes also saw 2 chicks in present. 27 July Barrow, Alaska A pair, one with very short rectrices were flying around lines XIII + XIV. Probably a pair observed earlier in this area. 16 Aug Barrow, Alaska One near lines III A/B, hunting. 20 Aug Barrow, Alaska 3 pomarinus, 1 juncilla, flying over the fertilizing plot. 21 Aug Barrow, Alaska An adult in central marsh next to Bead Ridge, north of lines VII + VIII, had caught a lemming and was trying to eat it. A Glaucous-winged gull made short circles around it, never coming within a few feet of the
Read Page
Page 314
No text detected
Read Page
Page 315
Stucerarius pararumis 21 Aug Barrow, Alaska jaeger, the jaeger slashed the lemming several times with its beak, tearing small chunks loose and finally swallowed the bulk of the carcass intact. The gull stopped bothering the jaeger at this point.
Read Page
Page 316
No text detected
Read Page
Page 317
Stercorarius parasiticus June 19, 1962, just behind ARL (South), Pt. Barrow; A pair seen preying together over nearby area. One was in the dark phase, (gray-black), and the other was the black with the white eye markings, or light phase. Neither one picked up a barring in the time I watched June 20, 1962, Trap Line T., Pt. Barrow; one seen sitting near line, flying after we arrived and not return. July 1, 1962, Yoth Area on east side of Yoth Creek, Pt. Barrow; an individual seen cruising over flat area at about 1830. July 2, 1962, Central Marsh, Pt. Barrow; Four seen all toll through a range of a half-mile. July 4, 1962, Central Marsh, Pt. Barrow; Several seen in a group of about 10 mixed with long-tailed jaegers July 7, Oksipe Slough & area immediately surrounding, Pt. Barrow; Several seen on ground and in air with longtail jaegers July 14, 1962, South end of Petaw Lake, Alaska; A pair were seen commonly together but as many as four were seen in a group. Dark & light phases were evident. Were usually over the water, but occasionally crossed the ground next to the lake, hunting. August 19, 1962, Snow River; A pair seen just behind & once directly in front of our tent.
Read Page
Page 318
No text detected
Read Page
Page 319
Stercorarius parasiticus 18 June Barrow, Alaska One flying over Barrow area hunting 22 July Barrow, Alaska a melanistic one was observed on Fresh Water Lake Road next to the lake in association with a group 10 Imperial geese. 29 July Pittngs Rina - Cape Sabine A pair are located here, the ♂ being melanistic. No young have been seen. 16 Aug Barrow, Alaska One flew north over Voitk Slough
Read Page
Page 320
No text detected
Read Page
Page 321
Stercorarius Longicandis June 30, 1962, Central Marsh, St. Barrow; John Hines & R.T. Holme sighted 85 of these. One was shot and put up as a specimen by Hines. July 2, 1962, Central Marsh, St. Barrow; About six seen more flock; evidently were on ground until Hines I drove by and then scattered, but as a flock. July 4, 1962, Central Marsh, St. Barrow; Several seen in a flock of about 10 mixed with parasitic jaegers. July 7, Oakpik slough and immediate area, St. Barrow; Several seen on ground and in air with parasitic jaeger. July 8, Between ARL & Lake Skerwike, St. Barrow; a flock of ten were seen circling the area. July 23, Central Marsh, St. Barrow; Watched a pair near the wind to hover directly over an area & then swoop down low over the ground building back up height after each dive, repeating the process constantly. Aug 2, 1962, Liz III, Wainwright; Four seen adjacent to the stolon in a depressed area. Were fighting over a kill, (probably a lemming). Only time I've seen.
Read Page
Page 322
No text detected
Read Page
Page 323
G Stunae 1963 Stercorarius longicaudis 20 June Barrow, Alaska. A flock of 25 were about 1/4 mi north of lake Dkrovinik. They had flown over earlier and then landed on a slight slope. Appeared to resting, not actively feeding. 22 July Barrow, Alaska A group of 10 Longtails on the beach next to Fresh Water Lake feeding along the shore. Slavonian Gulls also present. 23 July Barrow, Alaska 7/2 These are still present from yesterday. Duller are still also here. 30 July Othonega River - Cape Selina A pair plus one young, flying, are located 1/2 miles on a ridge east of camp.
Read Page
Page 324
No text detected
Read Page
Page 325
No text detected
Read Page
Page 326
No text detected
Read Page
Page 327
1963 Larus Hyperboreus 12 june Barrow, Alaska A pair & juveniles hovered over the tundra on the west bank of Family lagoon. One adult perched in middle of Family lagoon. 13 june Barrow, Alaska One juvenile on east side of Family Lagoon; it hovered over part of tundra only momentarily. 21 july Barrow, Alaska 3 juveniles flying over Barrel area 27 june Barrow, Alaska A juvenile flying S.W. over Barrel area about 2200 20 july Barrow, Alaska A flock of 6 were meandering around the area west of Rio III A, B. Did not appear to be hunting. 22 july Barrow, Alaska A flock group of about 20+ on shore next to Fish Water Lake by the road. Apparently feeding on crustaceans thrown up by wave action due to east wind. Other birds such as Longtail Jaeger, Golden Plover, and Old Squaw 30 july Barrow-Potmegea River - Cape Selina Several flying up and down river from ocean in searching dalmon stranded. 21 Aug. Barrow, Alaska An adult circled around a gregentypa lessening, once approaching within a few feet of the jaeger. Made short cries occasionally.
Read Page
Page 328
No text detected
Read Page
Page 329
Xema Salini July 9 Southern end of Skrooik Lake, Barrow, Alaska; a colony of gulls were in the backwater of the lake, several nesting. No antagonism noticed. Aug 12, 1962. Between ARL + Lake Peters; near the Shipipuk, a couple were sighted.
Read Page
Page 330
No text detected
Read Page
Page 331
Sterna paradisaea July 9, 1962, Southern end of Skravik Lake, Pt. Barrow; A total of 7-10 seen in air on ground Aug 20, 1962, From River, Alaska; On a lake next to the river, a pair were diving at either the sticklebecks or other water forms along the edge of the lake where the water was not more than two feet deep at maximum.
Read Page
Page 332
No text detected
Read Page
Page 333
No text detected
Read Page
Page 334
No text detected
Read Page
Page 335
Nijctea Scanduaca 11 june 1962 west g pipeline and between receiver site and ARL Pt, Barrow, alaka. 8 seen in standing pose. Flew down road. June 12 8 seen in [illegible] west of pipeline, between receiver site and ARL, St. Barrow; 8 seen in standing pose, probably the same individual from yesterday. (14:00) West of Pipeline, between receiver site + ARL, Pt, 8, 8 (22:00) seen and 8 was east of pipeline only sitting. June 14. West of pipeline, between receiver site and ARL; 8 seen in two different spots. June 14, 1962, West of pipeline, closer to receiver site but [illegible] between that and ARL. 8 stayed in one spot, the 8 continually moved if we came too near. June 20, 1962, Trap line IX, St. Barrow; 8 seen sitting around 'just west of IX. [illegible] east of ARL; individual flying low northward. June 21, 1962 - Trap line IX, St. Barrow; a pair were about 50 yard north of IX. Both flew in the same direction north, but were about 20 yards apart. June 23, 1962 - Trapline IX & X, A pair is north of line IX plus the male & a female which is south of the lines about 150 yds. All 4 are just sitting. July 2, 1962 - Central marsh, trap line VIII, St. Barrow; a male was seen sitting on an enclosure. July 10, 1962 - Holmes' Plot at north end of Lake Ikrarik, Pt. Barrow, alaska; Two seen on the plot moving around as we intruded but staying essentially in the area.
Read Page
Page 336
No text detected
Read Page
Page 337
Nyctea scandiaca) July 18, Line IX, St. Barrow, Alaska; Owl seen diving at a gasserine bird or the chick of said bird. The Owl dived at a certain spot but a bird which flew like a passerine (undulating) shot straight up. The owl paused a moment at this spot & then flew to another spot 50 yards further from me and set down. August 2, 1962; Lytt, Weinwright; Two seen near our triplane. A man (Eskimo) working at Lytt claims to have found nestlings in the area. Sullivan was checking this. August 19, 1962 Draw River, One seen in area.
Read Page
Page 338
No text detected
Read Page
Page 339
1963 Nyctea scandiaca 11 June Barrow, Alaska One female seen flying south away from the fresh water lake road. A male spotted between Beach ridge and central marsh toward Paul main was eating something, probably a lemming. A male was seen 1/4 mi. west of Gasline ridge perched. 13 June Barrow, Alaska One (? ) perched near Gasline Ridge which was chased by a Pomarine jaeger (See species account on Stercorarius pomarinus, June 15th) 14 June Barrow, Alaska One male perched on slope of Beach Ridge toward Central Marsh. 15 June Barrow, Alaska Near lines IV & V, a $ + $ fought over a dead lemming for several minutes in periods of short duration. 15 June Wainwright, Alaska One owl seen flying from to perch about 1 mile northly zig III 17 June Barrow, Alaska One $ near Gasline Ridge perched. 18 June Barrow, Alaska $ on Beach ridge near lines IV & V. Another perched east of lines I & II. Another perched on Beach ridge between HACS and Gasline Ridge.
Read Page
Page 340
No text detected
Read Page
Page 341
2. 1963 Nyctea scandiaca 28 June Barrow, Alaska a ? on Beach ridge near Pau Main perched. 29 June Barrow, Alaska an individual south glins I & II and North Wohleslag slough perched on high polygonal area. 1 July Barrow, Alaska One individual & south side of "Little Freeway", north glins III 4, B. R.T. Holmes camp one has been seen there for sometime. 6 July Barrow, Alaska An individual flying SE above Upper Dretaw Lake. Two Camarine jaegers were making noises earlier (5 minutes earlier) 19 July Barrow, Alaska One in North Creek area. Probably the same one that has been seen near North's area for several weeks. 20 July Barrow, Alaska One owl near Holmes' Wainigan on the north end of his plot. Has been here for some time. 23 July Barrow, Alaska One individual on Beach ridge and y Petelka's plot. Has been in this area for the duration of the spring. 15 August Barrow, Alaska One flying SW over Barrel area.
Read Page
Page 342
No text detected
Read Page
Page 343
No text detected
Read Page
Page 344
No text detected
Read Page
Page 345
No text detected
Read Page
Page 346
No text detected
Read Page
Page 347
No text detected
Read Page
Page 348
No text detected
Read Page
Page 349
No text detected
Read Page
Page 350
No text detected
Read Page
Page 351
No text detected
Read Page
Page 352
No text detected
Read Page
Page 353
No text detected
Read Page
Page 354
No text detected
Read Page
Page 355
No text detected
Read Page
Page 356
No text detected
Read Page
Page 357
No text detected
Read Page
Page 358
No text detected
Read Page
Page 359
Calcarus Laponicus 11 June 1962 Salt lagoon #1 St. Barrow, Alaska. ♂&♀ undergoing a type 3 scuffle with wing flapping. Male attempted to mount the female. Just as he was atop, The female flew away. The male then went through the display Pattern of flying high in the air (50 ft.) and gliding down while singing June 12 at lines I & II, St. Barrow; a pair seen at each line, occasionally one would display the gliding actions. Gas line crossing Beach Ridge, Pt. B., ♂ chased female, mounted momentarily and suddenly left her to chase an intruding male Longspur. June 14. Central Marsh, St. Barrow. A pair seen, the ♂ displaying occasionally June 15. Gas line crosses Beach Ridge. Nest & 5 eggs found by Hines close to our line traps. June 17, 1962, Voth Area proper, St. Barrow; nest found with 6 eggs and marked. June 20, 1962. Trap line IX, 10.0, [illegible] St. Barrow, nest found with 6 eggs; Maker informed and it was marked. June 23, 1962 Trap line IX, 10.0 - Nest still only has 6 intact eggs Two drums nearest Fresh Water Lake Road jarrests found, one with 3 eggs and the other with 4. Both were marked with the orange [illegible] stakes.
Read Page
Page 360
No text detected
Read Page
Page 361
1963 Calcorius laponicus 11 June Barrow, Alaska Males & females are in general abundance in most areas. Displaying by males was seen on Beach ridge & Garlic ridge. On Beach ridge, one male defended his claim on a female against another male. The clash was very short. The agreed male bluffd once and the intruder retreated. 12 June. Barrow, Alaska Males and females are common in Voth area and adjacent to Family Lagoon. Only one display by a male was seen. 13 June Barrow, Alaska. Still very common, done displaying by males still. 14 June Barrow, Alaska a nest found in Voth Area between Voth kreek and cakeeater site with 4 eggs and 1 hatched young! 15 June Wainwright, Alaska Only a few pair noticed. No display by ♂♀. 17 June Barrow, Alaska Several pairs were seen and other ♂♀ still doing aerial and song deep displays. 18 June Barrow, Alaska Still abundant, ♂♀ nesting, a few aerial display still continuing.
Read Page
Page 362
No text detected
Read Page
Page 363
1963 Calcorius Lapporicius 20 June Barrow, alaska A nest 4 egg in Barrel area. 21 June Barrow, alaska A nest with 3 young or Brent Paint. a few day old. 22 June Barrow, alaska A nest 4 young, 3, a few days old and the other newly hatched near explosives shack ad animal colony. 23 June Barrow, alaska A nest with 5 eggs on line VI near 3.4 24 July Pittinger River - Cape Saline Many young hopping and flying in the area
Read Page
Page 364
No text detected
Read Page
Page 365
Plectrophenax nivalis 11 June 1962 ¼ mi east of ARL, in western part of fresh water lake, Pt. Barrow, Alaska. Pair sighted June 12 Central marsh, Pt. Barrow. One pair sighted, (1400) " " " " " " (2200) June 14 Central marsh, Pt. Barrow; 2 pairs seen at different sites. At Geo line, a pair seen. June 15 Geo line before reaching Beach Ridge; 2 pairs seen at different sites June 16. North Area, Pt. Barrow; Nest found w/3 eggs. Location: 2nd high antenna running west from receiver station. Follow an arc of the barrels to the 11th barrel, which has a hole in it. Nest is at very back of barrel on south side. June 28 Beach Ridge at Pipe line; checked nest for probes, still 7 eggs intact. "Drum Area": 2 nests found, both inside barrels of both, marked w/ orange sticks. July 10, 1962. Wannigan at North end of Lake Ikravik; a pair of Ptarmigan had set up a nest in one of the vents. This was noticed by Holmes last month. Now there are only nestlings, no eggs. Aug 14, 1962, Peters Lake, Alaska; At base of mountain a few were seen in association with Wolverines, water pipits and savannah sparrows. One was in melting cage for certain.
Read Page
Page 366
No text detected
Read Page
Page 367
1963 Electrophorax nivealis 11 June Barrow, Alaska ♂ + ♀ on lines I + II at Baseline ridge. When ♂ flew west from the line the ♀ followed. 14 June Barrow, Alaska ♀ observed in central marsh near Drainage Creek; ♂ not seen - 15 June. Barrow, Alaska a pair observed near lines IX + X. 21 June Barrow, Alaska a nest with 7 eggs under a plywood 3' x 7' slab- Parents were in vicinity. On Beach ridge close to AAS. 30 July Bettonger River, Cape Selina One individual, molting, by cliffs next to river about 2 miles from camp. 20 Aug. Barrow, Alaska Juveniles are launching on the Baird area in number of 10 or less.
Read Page
Page 368
No text detected
Read Page
Page 369
Lucostictatae tephrocotis Aug 15, 1962, Lake Peters, Alaska; A group of 8-10 seen on side of mountain 1500' up. Were gregarious.
Read Page
Page 370
No text detected
Read Page
Page 371
1963 Acanthis flammea 15 June Barrow, Alaska One individual heard first and then seen over the Barrow area flying in a circle in the fields- undulating flight pattern while singing. 22 July Barrow, Alaska A molt my individual was seen by A. E. Chelos in camp by my quonset. He almost caught it. 30 July Pittmegea River - Cape Saline Several heard, but not observed, in heavy willows near river.
Read Page
Page 372
No text detected
Read Page
Page 373
No text detected
Read Page
Page 374
No text detected
Read Page
Page 375
No text detected
Read Page
Page 376
No text detected
Read Page
Page 377
No text detected
Read Page
Page 378
No text detected
Read Page
Page 379
Langjila sp. July 10, 1962, East of Doswell, St. Barrow; A lone caribou roaming staying at least three hundred yards away at all times. August 2, 1962. Between St. Barrow and Lytett, Wainwright; 2-3 hundred caribou seen in groups of 3-10 and singly almost the entire distance. August 12, 1962, Between ARC and Lake Delta; The course followed by the pilot passed a couple hundred in small groups. August 19, 1962, Grave River, Alaska; Caribou are on both sides of the river. One group came within a hundred feet, but since they have not been able to get with two hundred yards. Do not seem to be moving anywhere in particular except back and forth across the river.
Read Page
Page 380
No text detected
Read Page
Page 381
No text detected
Read Page
Page 382
No text detected
Read Page
Page 383
No text detected
Read Page
Page 384
No text detected
Read Page
Page 385
No text detected
Read Page
Page 386
No text detected
Read Page
Page 387
No text detected
Read Page
Page 388
No text detected
Read Page