Field notes, v1473

Marshall, Joseph T.
Unknown
Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley
Original Source
Source Material:
Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Contributed by Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. | www.biodiversitylibrary.org

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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY
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Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from CLIR https://archive.org/details/fieldnotesv147300mars
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Marshall, J. T. 1946-1948 1. Catalog of specimens, local and miscellaneous, Mar. 1946-Nov. 1947. 2. General account, June 1946-Aug. 1946 California 3. Species accounts, 1946-48 4. Species account of Melospiza melodia, April 1946-June 1948
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Marshall, J.T. Catalog nos. 3395-3850 March 1946 - Nov. 1947.
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Marshall , Joe 1946 - 1948 I. Specimen Register II. General Account III. Miscellaneous Species Accounts IV. Species Account of Melospiza melodia
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Marshall, Joe Specimen Register # 3395 - 3850 March 24, 1946 - November 1, 1947
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Marshall, 1946 Tassajero Creek, 8mi E, 3 mi S Danville, Contra Costa Co., Calif. March 24 no brood patch. 3395 ♀ Melospiza melodia insects, fat, oviclitg, ova 7mm 25 g. (Martsville) N. Side Mt. Diablo, Contra Costa Co., Calif. 3396 ♂ Airophula ruficeps seeds testis 4mm 19g. Tomeles Point, Marin Co., Calif May 5 about to lay, fat insects, seeds tarsus to left fixed scale: 19.6 = 2nd widened scale: 18.2 3397 ♀ Melospiza melodia feet pale brownish to first widened scale: 18.2 total length 144 tail 55.1 middle toe 14.3 culmen 14.3 depth 6.3 21.6 wing 56.7 tarsus 20.7 hind toe 10.8 bill from nostril 8.4 width 6.3 31 E. side Botanical Garden, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. June 1 3398 ♂ Peromyscus californicus 202 - 98 - 27 - 21 25.5 g. 3399 ♀ Sorex trowbridgii 115 - 45 - 14 - 8 5.5 g. Redwood Creek, 1/2 mi NE Redwood Peak, Contra Costa Co., Calif. June 25 3400 ♂ Hylobichla guttata testis, 10mm, cloacal glands large beetles 21.5g. iris dark brown, upper mand x distal half lower mand very dk brown, basal half pale dull orange. Angle mouth x inside mouth bright yellow; ft gray-brown San Leandro Creek, 1 mi NE Redwood Peak, Contra Costa Co., Calif. June 29 3401 ♂ jiv Penthestes rufescens insects testes 1 mm little fat feet light blue-gray; bill black, base l.m. blue-gray cloacal gl. absent bill blackish no fat 3402 ♀ ad " " " testes 2 mm ft blue-gray very small 3403 ♀ jiv " " " " bill blackish, ft blue-gray little fat; 3404 ♀ jav " " " " " " oranyishell some fat head of Porter St., Altadena, Los Angeles Co., Calif. July 20 3405 ♂ Phalaenophilus testes 2mm., some fat, stern full beetles
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3560 3412 --- 149 151 3483 3412 --- 71 3395
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Marshall, 1946 Catalog foothills n. Altadena Los Angeles Co., Calif. July 21 3406 ♂ Solasphonus sassin testes .5 little fat 3407 ♀ Hummer Calypte costae ovary small, much fat mts. S.fk Santa Ana R., 8000 ft; San Bernardino (Co.) Calif. July 29 3408 ♂ ad Cyanocitta stelleri testes 4mm. stone: nut or seed meats Dry Lake, 9000 ft; San Bernardinos Mts., Calif. July 30 3409 juv Turdus July 31 3410 ♀ juv Sitta pygmaea ovary small, stone: sm. beetles S.fk. Santa Ana R., 8000 ft, San Bernardino Mts. (Co.), Calif. August 1 3411 ♀ juv. Carpodacus cassini moderately fat Oleum salt marsh, Contra Costa Co., Calif. September 14 3412 in Melospiza skull all single somefat 19.4g 3413♂in " skull half single " 20.0g. 3414 ♀in " " all " little " 18.7g.. 3415 ♀in " " mostly " " " 17.2g.. 3416 ♂ad " " all double " " 20.2g- 3417 ♀ in " " mostly single " " 19.6 g. 3418 ♀ in " " " " " " 19.2g.: 3419 ♂ad " " all double moderate much " 20.4g.. 3420 ♀in " " half single little " 18.0g. 3421 ♂ad " " all double moderate " 20.8g. 3422 ♂ in " " mostly double little " 22.0g.
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Marshall, 1946 Catalog Canada del Cierbo Contra Costa Co., Calif. September 14 3423 \?im Melospiza melodia skull all single little fat 20.3g. 3424 \?im " "mostly" no fat 20.4g. 3425 ?ad " ovary mature bird of previous year "all double" " " 18.4g 3426 ?ad " ovary mature but small " " " moderate " 19.3g. 3427 \?ad " " " " little fat 19.0g- 3428 ?"ad" " gonads too small to be seen " " " " " 17.4g. 3429 \?im " "partly single " " 20.2g. 3430 ?jy?r " " all " " " 18.3g. Southampton Bay salt marsh, Solano Co., Calif. September 15 3431 ?ad " ovary mature skull all double some fat 18.2g. 3432 im " "mostly single little fat 18.2g. 3433 \?im " " " " " " 19.0g. 3434 \?im " " " " some fat 20.2g. 3435 \?im " " partly " " " 19.0g. 3436 ?im " " " " " " 17.\frac{1}{2}g. 3437 \?im " " all " " " 19.5g. 3438 \?ad " " double " " 21.4g. 3439 ?ad " ovary mature " " " 19.9g. 3440 \?(?)ad " (" small ?) " " moderate " 19.2g. Cordelia Slough, Solano Co., Calif. 3441 ?im " skull all single very fat 18.0g. 3442 ?ad " ovary mature " " double moderate fat 18.1g. 3443 \?im " partly single some fat 21.6j. 3444 ?(?)in " " " " 18.5g 3445 \?(?)ad " all double moderate fat 20.\frac{5}{6}g. 3446 im " " single some fat 19.8g.
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Marshall, 1946 Catalog Cordelia Slough, Solano Co., Calif. September 15 3447 ♀ in Melopiza skull all single moderate fat 20.6g. Jameson Canyon, Napa Co., Calif. 3448 ♀ad " tiny large very mature skull all double little fat 17.5g. 3449 ♀ad " " " " 22.9g. mouth of Petaluma Creek, Sonoma Co., Calif. September 16 3450 ♀in " skull mostly single little fat 17.8g. 3451 ♂ad " skull all double little fat 20.0g. 3452 ♂ad " skull all double some fat 19.8g. 3453 ♂ad " skull all double moderate fat 18.19. Point Reyes Station, Marin Co., Calif. September 17 3454 ♂ad " skull all double little fat 19.9g. 3455 ♂ad " " " " " " 20.0 g. 3456 in " " " single " " 19.0g. 3457 ♂ad " " " double " " 21.5g. 3458 ♂ad " " " " " " 20.8g. 3459 ♀ad " - " " " " " 17.6g. 3460 ♂ad " ? " " " " " 20.0g. 3461 ♀ad " " " " " " 17.9g. 3462 ♂in " " " single " " 20.4g. 3463 ♀in " " " " " " 17.8g. mouth Petaluma Creek, Sonoma Co., Calif. 3464 ♂ad " skull all double some fat 19.2g 3465 ♂ad " " " " " " 21.1g 3466 ♀in " " mostly single " " 17.2g. 3467 ♂in " " all " little fat 18.0g. 3468 ♀(?)in " " " " some " 18.0g.
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Marshall, 1946 Catalog month Petaluma Creek, Sonoma Co., Calif. (salt marsh) September 17 3469 ?ad melospiza melodia skull all double some fat 18.6g. 3470 ?in " " partly single " " 17.9g. 3471 ?im " " all " little fat 18.5g. salt marsh mouth Gallinas Creek, Marin Co., Calif. 3472 ?ad " skull all double little fat 17.0g. 3473 ?ad " " " " " " 16.5g. 3474 ?in " " partly single " " 16.1g. 3475 ?ad " " all double some " 18.6g. 3476 ?im " " mostly single little fat 18.2g. 3477 ?ad " very small " all double " " 18.6g. 3478 ?ad " " " " " " 17.0g. 3479 ?ad " very mature " " " some fat 17.3g. 3480 ?ad " " " " " " 18.3g. 3481 ?ad " " " moderate " 17.8g. 3482 ?ad " " " some " 19.0g. Ravenswood Pt., salt marsh, San Mateo Co., Calif. September 19 3483 ?im " skull all single some fat 18.2g. 3484 ?im " " mostly " " " 19.2g. 3485 ?ad " " all double " " 19.4g. 3486 ?im " " partly single " " 18.4g. 3487 ?ad " " all double moderate fat 19.5g. 3488 ?ad " " " " some " 17.3g.. 3489 ?im " " mostly double " " 18.5g.. 3490 ?im " partly " " " 17.0g. 3491 ?im " " mostly single " " 16.6g. 3492 ?im " all " little " 16.5g.
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Marshall, 1946 Catalog salt marsh, San Leandro Bay, Alameda Co., Calif. September 19 3493 ♀ in Melospiza skull all single some fat 16.9g. 3494 ? ad " " " double little " 16.9g. 3495 ♂? in " " " single little fat 17.7g. 3496 ♂ in " " " " moderate fat 19.3g. 3497 ♀ in " " " " little fat 17.1g. 3498 ♀ in " " " " " " 16.5g. 3499 ♀ in " " mostly " " " 17.4g. 3500 ♀"ad" " over small virgin partly skull all double some fat 16.1g. 3501 ♀ in " " mostly single little fat 15.6g. 3502 ♂ ad " " all double " " 19.6g. 1½ mi N Alvarado, Alameda Co., Calif. (fresh water marsh) 3503 ♀ in " skull partly single little fat 17.2g. 3504 ♂ ad " " all double " " 20.4g. 3505 ♂ ad " " " " " " 19.0g. 3506 ♂ in " " mostly single some fat 19.3g. 3507 ♀ ad " (old follicles) ovary mature skull all double " " 18.0g. 3508 ♂ ad " testis relatively large as in other true ad. " " " " 19.2g. 3509 ♂ ad " " " " little fat 19.2g. 3510 ♂ ad " " " " " " 18.2g. 3511 ♂ ad " " " " " " 18.7g. 3512 ♂ ad " " skull very thick " " 19.5g. Richardson Bay, Marin Co., Calif. (salt marsh) 3513 ♀ ad " over mature skull all double some fat 18.5g. 3514 ♂ ad " " " " " " 20.5g. Elk Valley, Marin Co., Calif. September 20 3515 ♂ ad " skull all double some fat 19.5g. 3516 ♂ in " " mostly single med. fat 20.1g.
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Marshall, 1946 Catalog Elk Valley, Marin Co., Calif. (coastal) September 20 3517 Jim Melospiza melodia skull mostly single some fat 20.9g 3518 ♀ in ", " " " " 19.5g. 3519 ♂ad " " all double " " 21.2g. 3520 ♂in " " " single " " 21.2g. 3521 ♀ad " orange mature " " double little fat 19.1g- 3522 ♂ad " " " " moderate fat 20.0g. 3523 ♂in " " " single some fat 22.2g. 3524 ♂in " " mostly single " " 20.2g. salt marsh mouth Corte Madera Creek, Marin Co., Calif. 3525 ♀ in " skull partly single little fat 18.3g. 3526 ♂ad " all double some " 20.2g. 3527 ♀ ad or orange mature," " : little fat , 19.0g. 3528 ♀ ad " " " " " " 18.6g. 3529 ♂ad " " " " " " 20.5g. 3530 ♂ad skull very thick " " 20.0g. 3531 ♂in skull partly single, some fat 19.7g. 3532 ♂ad skull all double, little fat 19.0g. 3533 ♀"ad" over small, skull double but translucent 17.5g. 3534 ♂ ad " " 19.6g. Canada del Cielbo, Contra Costa Co., Calif. September 22 3535 ♂ Tad testa rel. large, skull double, little fat 20.2g. 3536 Jim skull all & single , " " 19.6g. 3537 ♂ad " " double " " 19.7g. Jameson Canyon, Napa Co., Calif. 3538 ♂(?)ad skull all double , little fat 19.3g. 3539 ♂ ad testa relatively large," " some fat 18.4g. 3540 ♂ad " " " " " 18.6g.
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Marshall, 1946 Catalog Jenneron Canyon, Napa Co., Calif. September 22 3541 F ad melospiza skull all double, some fat, 17.7g. 3542 F ad " " " " " 20.0g. 3543 F ad " " " " " " 17.7g. 3544 M in " " " mostly double little fat 18.8g. 3545 M in " " " single " " 18.6g. Cordelia Slough, Solano Co. Calif. 3546 M in " skull all single, some fat 22.8g. 3547 M in " " mostly " " " 20.0g. 3548 F in " " all " " " 17.6g. 3549 M in " " partly " " " 18.5g. 3550 F in " " all " " " 17.0g. marshes 2 1/2 mi W Pittsburg, Contra Costa Co., Calif. 3551 F in " skull all single, some fat, 20.4g. marshes 2 1/2 mi W Pittsburg, Contra Costa Co., Calif. 3552 F ad" " very small skull all single, moderate fat 19.0g. 3553 M in " " mostly single " " 20.8g. 3554 F in " " all " " " 18.5g. 3555 M in " " mostly " some fat " " 20.9g. 3556 F ad" " skull all double & granulated but very thin 19.6g. 3557 F in " skull mostly single, some fat 19.0g. 3558 M in " partly " " " 21.1g. 3559 M in " " all " " " 21.2g. 3560 F in " " " " " 18.6g.
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Marshall 1947 Catalog Rodeo Creek, Contra Costa Co., Calif. March 29 3561 ?ad Agelaius seeds, caterpillar test 13mm Sonora, Tuolumne Co., Calif. April 5 3562 ?ad Otus asio ovum 13mm // lg.(40mm.-) olive-green, caterpillars 7.0oz. 3563 ?ad " " tester 10mm. no fat lg caterpillars, some beetle, centijurds 6.0oz 3564 ?ad " " " " " " " " " " 1 beetle 5.5 oz w.end. ld. #1 , Solano Co., Calif. April 11 3565 ? Melospiza melodia cloacal gland very large, some fat testis 7mm 18.5g. 3566 ? " " " " " " " " " 7.5mm 17.6g. 3567 ? " " " " " " " " " medium fat " 8 mm 21.9g. 1 mi N Alvarado, Alameda Co., Calif. April 20 3568 ? Melospiza melodia testis 7mm inserts lg.cloacal gland 19.8g. 3569 ? " " " " 8mm some fat " " " 21.5g. 3570 ? " " " growth on rt foot " " " 21.4g. 3571 ? " " medium fat brood patch has laid 19.6g. salt marsh 0.7 mi E Cordelia, Solano Co., Calif. April 27 3572 ? Melospiza melodia cfg little fat +9 18.3g. 3573 ? " " " " some " +7 19.8g. 3574 ? " " " little " +8 19.9g. 3575 ? " " " " " +8 19.9g willows of Suisun Creek, 3.5 mi WSW Suisun, Solano Co., Calif. 3576 ? Melospiza melodia cfg no fat +7 20.9g 3577 ? " " " some fat t large 19.4g 3578 ? " " brood patch 20.5g
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog willows 450 yd from bay shore, Burlingame, San Mateo Co., Calif. (2.7 mi W San Mateo Point) April 29 3579 ♂ Melospiza melodia some fat, c9 lg, testes 7.5 mm, 18+ g. willows mouth Patterson Creek (E side Red Hill), Colmena Co. Calif. May 3 pair 3580 ♂ Melospiza melodia some fat c9 l. t.9 17.8g. {3581 ♀ " " " fat lighter little brood patch 18.5g. salt marsh mouth Patterson Creek (N side Red Hill) Colmena Co. 3582 ♂ Melospiza melodica some fat tester 7 c9 l. 17.8g. 3583 ♂ " " " " " 8 " " 19.8g. 3584 ♀ " " " mediunt brood patch 18.1g. 3585 ♀ " " " little " " 17.1g. willow Napa River 1/4 mi S Napa, Napa Co. Calif. May 16 3586 ♂ Melospiza melodia c9 l tester 8 medium fat 20.8 g. 3587 ♂ " " " " " some" 18.2 g. 3588 ♂ " " " " " " 22.0 g. 3589 ♂ " " " " " " 20.0 g. 3590 ♂ " " " " " " 19.5 g. 3591 ♂ " " " " " " 20.7 g. 3592 ♀♂ " " grand patch " 7 " " 20.5 g. 3593 ♀ " " brood patch has lani " " 18.4 g. 3594 ♀ " " " " " 17.3 g. 3595 ♀ " " " bass hill (lower) " 8 ft higher pink (rest of birds blackish, 18.2 g. son-grey) w bank Napa River 3/4 mi S Napa, Napa Co. Calif. May 19 3596 ♂ Melospiza melodica c9 l testes 7 little fat 20.0g. 3597 ♂ " " " " 10 " " 20.8g. 3598 ♂ " " " " 8 some " 19.9g. 3599 ♂ " " " " 8 " " 19.0g.
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Marshall, 1947 July 3 Swift Catalog w bank Napa R, 3/4 mi S Napa, Napa Co. Calif. May 19 3600 ♂ Melospiza melodia cgl testis 7 mm Some fat 19.1g. 3601 ♂ " " " " 9 " " 19.5g. 3602 ♂ " " " " 8 medium " 20.3g. 3603 ♂ " " " " 7 some " 20.2g. 3604 ♂ " " pair " " 9 " " 18.7g. 3605 ♀ " " bill light ft pinkish (rest of bird dusky) brood patch original small " 17.0g. = Natamunt present #2 = no side Waterman Mt., 6600 ft. L.A. Co. Calif. L.A. Co. map. Angeles highway 4 1/2 mi E Chilao, San Gabriel Mts., L.A.-Co. Calif. presented to Dickey Collection Dickey Coll. June 16 11:30 PM ston very full undigested 3606 ♂ Otus scops feet dry pale moderate uniform fat skin - 3 x 9 mths iris brown, bill pearl grey whitish at tip other dryish insect & mths Dickey Coll. June 17 1:30 AM 3607 ♂ " " ston full of digested insect remains tests 4-5 mm iris barn, colors same as above extensive noot fat-white Whitaker's Forest Wkspg Redwood Mt, 5500 ft., Tulare Co., Calif. June 21 collected at dusk bill whitish, cere & base bill yellowish-green. 3608 ♂ Glaucidium iris yellow, ft yellow, claws gray becoming blackish at tips stomach 1 but hard probably Piledated Walker tests 5 mm very small, narrow. Heavy fat, Complete molt north ph. Silver Creek, 4800 ft., Eldorado Co., Calif. June 29 ston full of large black ants 3609 ♂ Sphyrapicus varius tests very small ⚪ 3610 ♂ asio otus * tests small, ston empty, iris yellow little fat *east side Robb's Pk., 5900 ft. Eldorado Co. Calif. 10 mi S Pinnacles, San Benito Co., Calif. July 17 exposed skin of head bright 3611 Fad Pica ston full Arena ants over yellow 15g small, ad Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. August " 3612 ♀ Phalaropus ovary sm - looks mature emaciated 36.5g. 3613 ♀ Lobipes ov sm " in very fat 34.0g.
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog San Gabriel mts., Los Angeles Co., Calif. on highway between Palmdale & Angeles Crest July 3 3614 Acerosantes Guadalupe River, 7/8 mi S Et Alviso, Santa Clara Co., Calif. (Each specimen located on map) September 16 12-2 PM 3615 ad Melopaya mod fat testis melodia (Onium black round seeds (probably Onium) 19.15 3616 ad " Salicornia Commum no fat sm. snails 19.0 3617 im " Salt med fat seeds 20.5 3618 ad " brust at bank some fat seeds & green veg. material 19.5 3619 im " bot Elder mod fat seeds & some snails 20.7 3620 ad " Salt some fat seedo (Conium?), sm insects, veg fibers 18.7 3621 im " Salt some fat a few seeds, greens, sm. insects 21.9 3622 ad " Salt mod " sm. snails, veg. material, seeds, shoots 20.1 3623 ad " Salt some " many snails, shoots, seeds 17.6 3624 im " Chrysopteryx at ditch side Some " insects, snails, shoots, -seeds 19.5 Guadalupe River, salt marsh 1/2 mi SE Alviso, Santa Clara Co., Calif. (Each specimen located on map) 2-4 PM 3625 ad " Salicornia some fat snails, seeds, veg. mat., insects 19.6 3626 ad " Grindelia mod. fat ", ", ", ", ", 17.6 3627 ad " Grindelia mod. fat ", insects 19.6 3628 ad " Grindelia mod fat ", larger " 18.5 3629 im " Grindela some fat ", insects 19.6 3630 im " Grindelia much fat red seeds, insects 19.6 3631 ad " Grindelia ", ", snails, insects 18.2 3632 ad " Grindelia some fat ", ", 1 lg. seed 19.1 3633 ad " Salicornia mod. fat red seeds, insects 19.1 3634 ad " Salicornia mod fat. 7 lg caterpillars, snails, others sm. insects 18.7 Guadalupe River, 1 1/2 mi SE Alviso, Santa Clara Co., Calif. (Each specimen located on map) 4-6 PM 3635 im " Salt some fat seeds (sm. insects) 19.2 3636 ad " Salt mod. ", ( sm. insects) 20.9
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog Guadalupe River, 1/2 mi SE Alvizo, Santa Clara Co., Calif. September 16 3637 ̸F̸a̸d Melospiza melodia Rubrus (Blackberry) mod. fat veg. material, fruit (sm. insects) 18.3 3638 ▒im " Salix some fat fruit? plant material 17.8 3639 ▒im " Conium much fat black seeds Φ O conium? 20.1 3640 ▒im " Conina-Rubrus (Blackberry), " fruit, seeds 20.7 3641 ▒im " Conium " " seeds 19.9 3642 ▒im " Rubrus (Blackberry) mod. " seeds, veg. material 17.9 Guadalupe River, salt marsh, 1/2 mi SE Alvizo, Santa Clara Co., Calif. 3643 ̸F̸ad Rallus ovas mature snail, fat olive-tan, bill olive-dusky, sides & base orange, iris orange 358.3g Sonoma Creek, 1/2 mi S Hiway 37 bridge, Sonoma Co., Calif (Scirpus californicus) (specimens located on map at B stomachs much fuller than those taken in afternoon in order shown there) September 18 10-11AM 3644 ̸F̸ad Melospiza melodia Scirpus californicus fat seeds, sm. arthropods 18.1 3645 ▒im " " " some fat seeds, insects 20.0 (jun song) 3646 ▒im " " " some fat sm. insects, seeds 18.8 3647 ̸F̸ad " " " very fat seeds, sm' insects 19.0 3648 ▒im " " " fat seeds, insects 20.1 3649 ▒ad " " " fat sm insects, seeds, crustacean claw 19.9 3650 ▒ad " " " some fat seeds, some sm. insect parts 27.0 3651 ▒im " " " some fat beetle's seeds 19.9 ^ 3652 ▒im " " " fat seeds 17.0 3653 ▒(im " " " fat seeds, several sm. spiders (?) 20.2 salt slough nr. Sonoma Creek, 1/4 mi NNW Wiigo, Sonoma Co., Calif. (specimens located on map at C) 12-2 PM beetle, other insects, crustacean claws a few seeds 19.8 3654 ▒ad " Spartia fat seeds, insects 3655 ▒im " Scirpus caly & campestris very fat crustacean claws 18.1 (invertebrates) 3656 ▒im " Baccharis fat invertebrates, a few seeds 18.1 3657 ̸F̸ad " Scirpus campestris & Baccharis fat insects, snails, claws, a few seeds 19.0 much fine green plant material, 3658 ▒im " Spartia fat insects, claws 18.6
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog Sonoma Creek, salt marsh, Wingo, Sonoma Co., Calif. (Scirpus campestris) Specimens taken at "D" on map 9' 90" in serial order from it to left (E to W) all on S bank. September 18 2-4 PM edge of River \ Spartina 6-8' in S. campestris' with occasional patch taller acutus (where always Sparrows) wide, belt Salicornia 10'-20' Salicornia 10' at bridge melodia 3659 ♀ad Melopiza S.campestris very fat insects, mosquito larva, sm isopod, 1 snail 18.8g. 3660 ♀ad " " " (5'tall) fat mosquito larvae Scirpus seeds, sm insect parts 18.8g. 3661 ♀im " patch of S.acutus in middle of S.campestris fat sm insects, crushed snail, 18.9 Scirpus seeds, sm insects, 3662 ♀im " S.campestris some S.acutus mod.fat crushed snails, a lg organism 16.8 3663 ♂ad " S.campestris fat insects 21.6 beetles 3664 ♀ad " " " fat larger insects incl mosquito larvae 18.2 bits of green leaves, insect parts, Scirpus seeds, a few whole snails. 3665 ♂ad " " " fat many snails 21.0g 3666 ♀ad " " very fat Scirpus seeds, claws of invert. " " 3667 ♂ad " " very fat " " " " " 1 lg snail egg? "snails 18.8 1/2 mi NW bridge where marsh narrows 3668 ♀im " S.olneyi fat Scirpus + other sm. seeds, 1 whole 4-6 PM (3669 & 3670 are 3/4 mi N bridge; rest all at same spot at A) Sonoma Creek, 3/8 mi N highway 37 bridge, Sonoma Co., Calif. - (Salix) 3669 ♂im " weeds & Alder scrub much fat seeds, 1 sm spider 19.6g 3670 ♀im " Salix scrub moderate fat seeds 20.6 3671 ♀im " Salix very fat seeds 17.2g. 3672 ♀ad " Salix scrub mod. fat. seeds 17.0g. 3673 ♂im " Salix scrub " " " 21.9g. 3674 ♂im " Salix some " " 19.2g. 3675 ♂im " " mod " " 21.5 3676 ♂im " " some " " 20.4 3677 ♂ad " " mod. " " 21.5 3678 ♀ad " " " " 19.3 Alviso Slough, Santa Clara Co., Calif. all at "A" on map in serial order from S to N September 28th 6-8 AM see map of May 12+14. 3679 ♀im " Grindelia little fat beetles, then insects 15.3 3680 ♂ad " Grindelia, moderate fat sm. arthropods, some snails & seeds 17.7 Salicornia "Spartina? flowers 3681 ♀im " Salicornia-Spartina some fat arthropods, green leaves & " 16.9 3682 ♀im " Grindelia no fat insects (horn fly) isopods 18.0
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog Alviso Slough, Santa Clara Co., Calif. September 21 3683 Ad Melospiza melodia Grindelia some fat insects, 2 snails 17.8 g. 3684 Jm " Salicornia little fat seeds, insects 16.8 g. some insects 3685 Ad " Spartina some fat green buds & leaves, "_ 3686 Fd " Spartina-Salicornia little fat seeds, insects 17.6 (most is solitary) 3687 J(2)im " Grindelia dead no fat insects, many (whole) snails 20.0 3688 Fim " Spartina little fat arthropods, seeds, snails 15.5 Guadalupe R., 1/2 mi SE Alviso, Santa Clara Co. Calif. singing & fighting with 3690 3689 Ad " Salicornia Grindelia, jaumea) little fat insects 18.1 (also Spartina, Distichlis) fighting until 3689 3690 Ad " Salicornia little fat arthropods, green buds 17.5 Guadalupe R., 1/2 mi SE Alviso, Santa Clara Co. Calif. specimens located on map 9 AM 3691 Jm " Salt fat seeds, insect parts rare -- 3692 Fim " Populus fat (territorial response to imitated song) seeds 19.7 * Guadalupe R., 4 1/2 mi SE Alviso, Santa Clara Co. Calif. 3693 Jm " Alder fat seeds, veg material 20.4 3694 Ad " Box Elder fat insects, beetles, maggots 19.6 squashed 3695 Fim " Elder fat sm. insects, a few seeds 17.9 silent sm. insect parts 3696 Fim " Box Elder fat veg material, a few seeds, a very few 19.5 silent 3697 Ad " Box Elder mod. fat seeds, sm. insects 19.0 gainfully 3698 Fd " Salix-Typha moderate fat veg material; 16.9 did call seeds a few sm. insects 3699 Jm " Salix some fat (silent) seeds, a few sm. insects 20.4 3700 Ad " Salix fat seeds (4 fruit?) 21.6 3701 Jm " Box Elder very fat (silent) insects, some seeds -- 3702 Fim " Ash, Salix, Rova fat seeds, a few sm. insect parts 19.4, * These specimens taken at E on map of May 12, '47 in * 3703 send order from NW -> SE except 3702, which was back with about 3698. All 11 AM - 3 PM
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog Bayshore, mouth Sonoma Creek, Solano Co., Calif. larva parasite on Spartina? September 10-11 AM "Spartina" food = cream or yellow-green colored long chaff & seeds a slight found dead in livia near the shoreline spartina seeds, (2 mi E of mouth) ope yellow 3703 ♀im Melopiza melodia fat Baccharis fat 16.7 3704 ♀ad " dead Baccharis edge S.campestri 30" some fat squashed brown chaff & seed, "Spartina? sm. insect part, 18.9 3705 ♀ad " Spartina fat squashed green Spartina chaff, insect larvae, black rocks 18.2 3706 ♀ad " Spartina fat green Spartina material many larvae, other insects, mandibles of Neuroptera larvae 18.6 3707 ♂im " Spartina 4' very fat seeds, tiny insects an annelid 17.7 yellow & ope a fly, Spartina green chaff mouth, 3708 ♀ad " Spartina fat 2 black rocks 17.2 mandibles of Neuropteran larvae black rocks 3709 im " Spartina fat "Spartina" chaff, sm. insect 18.6 3710 ♀ad " Salicornia fat a few sm. larvae black rocks 18.9 squashed "Spartina" fruit 3711 ♀ad " S.campestri very fat log away minute insects (minute insects) 18.3 3712 ♂im " Spartina some fat green veg. looks like Spartina fruit, 19.0. Sebastopol, Sonoma Co., Calif. 6PM & AM September 26 # 27 3713 ♂im " Salix fat seeds, a few insects 20.4 3714 ♀ad ? Salix Blackberry very fat seeds 18.5 21.8 3715 ♀ad " Salix fat seeds, rocks, a few sm.insects 20.8 3716 ♂?im " Salix fat seeds, rocks 20.2 3717 ♂im " Salix little fat 27th 8:30 AM " " 20.1 3718 ♂im " Salix molting-no fat seeds, greens, sm. insects 27th 8:30AM 21.1 Sonoma Creek, 1 mi S Gleny Ellen, Sonoma Co., Calif. September 27 6-7 AM (about 6) higher Diptera, larvae & pupae dung or wet margin large maggots, some seeds 20.8 3719 ♂im " Salix little fat (by swmp) 19.3 3720 ♀ad " " " insect, seed 20.3 3721 ♀ad " " " seeds, a few sm.insects 21.7 3722 ♂im " " " grain, sm insects 20.0 3723 ♀ad " Salix Blackberry some fat veg material, " " 19.9 3724 ♀ad " Salix some fat seeds " " 19.1 3725 ♂im " little " 12th larvae & pupae of Diptera lg insects same as 3719, seeds 19.0
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog Sonoma Creek, 1 mi S Glenn Ellen, Sonoma Co., Calif. September 27 3726 Fim Melospiza melodía Salix little fat by anthogod? snail seed 16.4g. 3727 ?ad " Salix Polygonium " seeds, a few insects 17.8 3728 ?ad " Grey Salix some " insects, a few snails 17.8 salt marsh, Pinole, Contra Costa Co., Calif. October 1 5:30-6 AM 3729 ♂im Melospiza melodía "flycatching" from a 3' stake. pts of lg. nut in big chunks, 1 mosquito in bill salicornia some fat pts of 1 mosquito, couple seeds 19.8 yellow grape 3730 ?ad " Chenopodium-Salicornia some fat body of a large orthopteran 17.9 (coll when 1st light) 3731 ♂ad " Grindelia - Distichlis fat only 2 sm rocks 19.6 some fat a mosquito, chunks of 3732 ?ad " mud exposures surrounded by Spartina large nut, yellow-green Spartina flowers 17.8 salt marsh, San Pablo, Contra Costa Co., Calif. 6:30-7:30 AM 3733 ♂im " Spartia-salicornia some fat got no sm. insects, snails, spartia flowers 18.7 mosquito keeps in mouth 18 snails 3734 ??im " Spartia fat gran't find dundled insect material 17.2. 3735 ♂im " Salicornia-Spartia fat "Spartia" flowers, "2 snails 18.5 snail 3736 ♂ad " Spartinia some fat 1 inch long caterpillar, sm insects, Spartia, (west bank) 18.1 bay shore, mouth Alviso Slough, Santa Clara Co., Calif. October 3 8:30-9:30 AM 3737 ?ad Melospiza melodía Grindelia some fat snails, insects, "claws", green veg. 19.0 flew to board across little slough, cut a bunch of, grindelia head, placed by rodent. 3738 ♂im " Salicornia-Spartina fat snails, insects, mosquito larva 17.5 3739 ♂im " Grindelia fat insects, snails 18.0 (was eating a grindelia head (dead) perched on 3740 ♂im " " little fat top of, bush) 18.0 insects, snails, 1 peeled grind. seed in 3741 ?ad " " some fat dozens of mosquito larvae, a whole fly, snails, insects. 19.0 3742 ♂ad " " very fat insects, a fly, claws, a few snails 19.0 seeds, snails 3743 ♂im " " some fat mosquito larvae, other insects, green Spartina 16.1 3744 ?ad " " little fat insects, "claws", snails 18.2 mosquito larvae, snail, 3745 ♂ad " " fat Whole green Spartina flowers & fruit, insects 16.9 3746 ?ad " " some fat larger insects, a few snails 18.2
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog San Mateo upper San Franciquito Creek (Webb Ranch), 225', 1 Co. Calif. October 3 1-2 PM melodia 3747 ad melopizan fat Symphoricarpos & other limbs; seeds, a few sm. insect parts 17.4g under willow & Alder by pond 3748 Jim " Blackberry & Rose fat seeds, a few sm. insects 19.8 mr. willows & Alders to lamal, oak parts, 3749 Jim " Symphoricarpos fat many seeds & many insect 19.8 salt marsh 1 3/4 mi WSW Pt San Bruno, San Mateo Co., Calif. October 5 7-8 AM 3750 J im " Salicornia fat black seeds, 3m4 (larvae), insects 20.6 3751 J im " " full of a strange beetle (blood white) 18.9 (many) strands 3752 Fad " " some" same larvae as above green algae 16.8 3755 Fim " " " " " " " brown seeds, insects 16.1 3754 Fim " little" insects, bebbles. 16.4 8:30-10 AM (= Potrero Pt. on Palo Alto quadrangle) salt marsh 5/8 mi S Dumbarton Bridge, Alameda Co., Calif. 3755 J im " Salicornia fat insects, snails 18.9 3756 Fad " " " seeds, insects, snails 16.7 3757 Jad " " " insects, snails 19.8 3758 J im " " " about 20 whole snail, few insects 19.0 3759 Jad " " " 50+ flies 18.8 3760 Fad " " very" seeds, snails 17.7 3761 Jad " " " beetles, other insects, snails 18.1 3762 Fad " " " big snails, few insects 16.6 3763 F im " " " insects incl a fly, a few snails 17.0 3764 F im " " very" flies seeds? a fly & other insects 15.8 October 8 3-4 PM Suisun Slough & mi N Suisun Hill, Solano Co., Calif. 3765 J im " Scirpus arutus fat seeds 20.2 3766 Jad " " " very fat seeds, sm isopod, sm crustacean 21.2 3767 Jad " " " Typha fat seeds 20.9 3768 Jim " " " very fat seeds, ants 20.7 3769 Fad " " " " " , a few sm. insect parts 19.0
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog * the seeds in this series of 10 specimens are very numerous stomachs full & seeds of many kinds - all colors & shapes - about 6 or 7 or more kinds at least. Sunset Bay shore, Grizzly Del., 3 mi. so. Grizzly Del. Ferry, Solano Co., Calif. October 8 5 - 5:30 PM melodia part of about 1 insect 3770 Jim Melopiza Scirpus acutus very fat filled with seeds; * 20.9 g. 3771 Jim " " " fat " " " 20.2 3772 Jim " Scirpus calif & Typha very fat molting seeds, claws, some sm. insect part 21.0 3773 Jim " " " " " " green leaves, seeds, sm. insect 19.7 3774 Tad " " acutus " " seeds 19.8 3775 Jim " " calif. & Typha " " " 21.4 3776 Jim " " acutus fat large arthropods, seeds 18.6 3777 Jim " " " " seeds, sm. insects 19.3 3778 Jim " " california, " seeds, insects 20.3 3779 Tad " " acutus very" seeds, 1 insect 20.5 Richardson Bay, Marin Co., Calif. October 11 11 AM - 2 PM in order 3780 Jim " Poison Oak edge salt marsh, some fat seeds, rock, a few insect pts. 18.0 3781 Tad " Salicornia fat 2 of these larvae: rocks segments of isopod?, some seeds 20.5 3782 Jim " Spartina fat Spartina fruit, snails, seeds 17.9 3783 Tad " Spartina very fat Snails, Spartina 19.8 Corte Madera, Marin Co., Calif. 5 PM 3784 Jim " Typha very fat veg material, a few insect parts. 18.7 3785 Jim " " fat insects, some seeds, rocks 21.1 Green Valley Creek, Cordelia, Solano Co., Calif. October 12 12 - 2 PM in order 3786 Jim " Salix fat insects, a few seeds & greens 20.2 3787 Tad " " very fat seeds, several little isopods? amphipods? 21.3 3788 Jim " Polygonum fat seeds, sm. flies, other insects 17.7 3789 Jim " Salix " seeds, greens 20.1 3790 Jim " " " seeds (many kinds) 21.2
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog Swissun Bay shore, mouth Sulphur Spring Creek, Solano Co. Calif. October 12 3-4 P.M. 3791 ♀ad Melopeiza Scirpus camparis fat isopods, insect larvae, seeds 19.1g 3792 ♀ad " " S. acutus very fat winged insects, mosquito larvae seeds 20.6 3793 ♂im " " " " " " seeds, 1 invert, insect parts 21.5 3794 ♀ad " " " " " " seeds, sm. insect parts 20.8 3795 ♀ad " Salicornia-Typha fat small arthropods 22.7. 3796 ♂im " Scirpus acutus fat seeds (a few sm insects), colored rocks 22.3 Walnut Creek, 3 mi due E Lafayette Ridge, Contra Costa Co. Calif. in order from S to N October 14 4:45-5:45 for 1 mile along creek melodis together 3797 ♀ad Melopeiza Salix little fat seeds 19.9 3798 ♂im " " fat ", insects 19.4 3799 ♀ad " " " " 21.7 3800 ♂im " brush pile " " 18.5 3801 ♂im " Box Elder some fat ", lg insects 19.5 3802 ♀ad " " " very 4 insects, seeds 21.0. 3803 ♂im " Salix Some " (tiny parts) insects, seeds, greens (algae) 20.7 (at RR bridge) Tributary of Walnut Creek, 3¾mi due N La Trampas Peak, Contra Costa Co, Calif. October 16 6-7 AM 3804 ♀ad " Salix little fat seeds (grain), pts & an insect 17.5 3805 ♂im " " " " seeds 18.8 3806 ♂im " " " " seeds, insect larvae? 17.8 Swend Lake Merced, San Mateo Co. Calif. 2-3 PM 3807 ♀ad " Salix some fat seeds, pts & a sm. insect 18.5 3808 ♂im " Salix, blackberry fat seeds 17.9 3809 ♂im " Corinna, dock fat seeds, sm. insects 17.5 3810 ♂im " " " " ", " " ? 20.5 3811 ♂im " Salix-Blackberry some fat seeds, sm. insects? 20.1 Skyline Highway & Murrel Rock, San Mateo Co. Calif. 4pm 3812 ♀ad " Corinna (also Typha), very fat seeds 18.2+ (Ribes, Eriogonum (Baccharis, sedges))
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog Green Valley Creek, Cardeila Solano Co., Calif. October 18 8:15-9:30 AM maledia 3813 ?ad Melopiza Salix fat seeds, sm insect pts. 17.6g 3814 ?ad " "-blackberry fat " 19.6 3815 ?im " " " " , insects, greens 19.4 3816 ?im " Rose-blackberry " " , some greens 18.3 3817 ?im " Salix little fat " (little black shiny res)18.9 North Tunitas Creek, San Mateo Co., Calif. 1st & 2 4:30 PM October 21 2nd & 5:30 PM 3818 ?ad " (Seaside chaparral nr. mouth) Heracleum & Eriophyllum 23.0 exerme fat (Eriophyllum & other seeds) small, green bnds, rocks very fat (Eriophyllum seeds, sm insect) parts, rocks. ~20.9 3819 ?ad " (" " " " ) Eriophyllum some fat (esophagus distended & full) 20.5 3820 ?im " (1/4 mi from mouth upstream) Cornus-blackberry & many rocks. stomach fat some an 20.5 3821 ? im " (" " " " " ) Cornus blackberry above 18.5 (Total of 12 birds seen both days) Seaside Chaparral October 24 6:30-8:30 AM another wounded bird, 2 more ?'s singing 9 AM 3822 ?im " Baccharis very fat ( Eriophyllum seeds, larger insects) 18.1 flushed from beach small insects 3823 ?im " Eriophyllum some fat Several kinds of seeds(not Eriophyllum) 18.9 & larvae 3824 ?ad " " little fat Seed incl Eriophyllum, sm insects, 17.7 near mouth Eriophyllum & other seeds 3825 ?ad " " some fat insect, (I while one 1/4" a whole caterpillar 1")19.6 near mouth (another heard her) 3826 ?im " " little fat many kinds of seeds 17.0 3827 ?ad " " fat seeds, some green leaves 19.9 Corte Madera, Marin Co., Calif. October 25 noon 3828 im " Blackberry fat beetles, seeds 2:30-5:40 PM in Miller Creek, 2 1/2 mi W St. Vincent Station, Marin Co. order. Polygonum Nuttle 3829 ?im " little lime oak over creek Typha fat seeds, insects 18.8 3830 ?im " Typha fat seeds 19.4 3831 ?ad " Blackberry some fat seeds 18.9 some f&t ores 19.6 3832 ? im " lamal roots (also in Polygonum) seeds, incl green germinaty, 3833 ?im " " " little fat seeds, sm. insect parts 19.6 3834 ?ad " blackberry fat seeds 18.5
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38 35 fin fat? seeds of many kinds incl. pre germinating seeds (C as I have done before 38 36 old fat? seeds, etc. insect parts 38 37 and fat? seeds
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Marshall, 1947 Catalog Miller Creek, 2 1/2 mi W St Vincent Station, Marin Co., Calif. October 25 5:40 PM melodia 3835 ♀im Melospiza Salix? fat? seeds of many kinds, incl green germinating seeds 18.5 3836 ♂ad " " " fat? seeds, sm. insect parts 19.6 3837 ♀ad " " " fat? seeds 18.4 October 31 3 PM 3838 ♂im " Nettles, Salix, Polygonum fat seeds 20.2 November 1 6:30-8 AM Tomas Bay salt marsh 1/2 mi NW Pt Reyes Sta., Marin Co. Calif. beetles 3839 ♀ad " Gundelia (mud bank at shore) little fat Gundelia & other seeds, 17.8 3840 ♀im " " " " " " " insect 17.9 3841 ♀im " " (mud bank at shore) " " " " " snail 17.8 seeds 3842 ♂ad " Scirpus, canytris, 18" " " 6 sm arthropods, 4 small 19.4 many mosquito larvae, 3843 ♀ad " Gundelia " " 4 snails, seeds 17.4 3844 ♂im " " " " red fly, gird & other seeds 19.2 many snails, 4 insect 3845 ♀ad " " " " size of sow bug, seeds 18.2 3846 ♂im " " " " invertebrate, snail, seeds 20.3 3847 ♀im " " some " " ,snails, rocks,seeds 20.0 3848 ♀im " " some " "1",crushed", " " 18.6 Sebastopol, Sonoma Co., Calif. October 31 dusk shot in orchard presented & given to Piternick 3849 ♂(im) Otus asio very fat ston - mandible of Jerusalem Cricket apple orchard mounted and given to Miller 3850 ♀ " " " " ston - Entire Jerusalem Cricket Note: It was observed in this collection of song sparrows that the gonads of birds with completed skulls (ad) are larger than those in birds with undotted skulls.
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2. Marshall, J.T. General Account June - Aug. 1946
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Marshall, Joe General Account June 25, 1946 - August 2, 1946 Contra Costa Co., Calif. Monterey Co. " Los Angeles Co. " San Bernardino Co. "
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Marshall, 1946 General Account June 25 Redwood Peak, Contra Costa Co., Calif. afternoon. Hiked up canyon of 2nd growth redwood from Joagain Miller park to Redwood Park. Noted many r-b. Thrushes, Cyanocitta, Purple Finches, At summit of ridge where prickly pears are spread along Skyline Blvd there are Monterey Pines & Cypress planted. Here an olive-sided flycatcher, red-breasted nuthatch. Trail SE of Redwood Peak goes out into Brushland where heard a hermit thrush singing. Proved to be in a brushy gully where a few sm. redwoods (1 ft diam.), madrones, buckeyes, oaks, dense brush & vines. Saw the singing of another ad (while I was singing) and juv in full grown plumage - all called up at various times by screech out note. Trail swung around to NE side redwood mt where large 2nd growth redwoods appeared with clear forest floor except for low ferns & greenery. Here saw one Chestnut backed Chickadee, many W. Flycatchers, buton vireos, Verdelares, Brush Tits Cyanocitta noted. In deep shaded stream canyon saw a pair (one ad &1) W. Tanagers in redwoods - high. Heard Hermit Thrush alarm notes, Heard at least 2 hermit thrushes singing, collected a
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Marshall, 1946 June 25 Redwood Peak, Contra Costa Co., Calif. (third) & hermit thrush as sat on twig under clump redwoods. Creepers singing & calling in redwoods. Purple Finches singing. Thought heard Dendroica (anduboni?) in pines along skyline Blvd. * * Noted patch of redwoods in gully W side Mountain Blvd near Puerto Road. Many Russell-backed thrushes in them, Cyanocitta & Empidonax also noted. R-bx. mithatches not found in redwoods: only in pines & cypress. July 19 Elkhorn Slough, Monterey Co., Calif. Passed thru eastern regions of the slough on SP. train & noticed much more extensive srg salicornia area than I suspected occurred there. Also many places where fresh-water drained down to the salicornia with tules, willows, etc. July 20 Head of Porter St., Altadena, Los Angeles Co., Calif. upper Sonoran chaparral growth on alluvium of San Gabriel Mts. foothills. Poorwill County. Red larkspins in bloom with many lammers at dusk. Saw one gr. Horned Owl perched on spirea. Heard, saw, & coll. one poorwill (with slingshot) which answered my
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Marshall, 1946 July 20 Altadena, LA Co., Calif. whistles several times. saw some of us others heard or seen. This & poor will is molting. Was squating in dust of old road thru chaparral & stayed around same area all evening until collected. Perched in places on the road all within 150yds. July 21 Foothills N. Altadena (Rubio Canyon Area) LA Co. Calif. Started same place as last night. Saw a black-chinned hummer in the larksprings. Saw my 1st black-chinned sparrows on steep dry hills covered with Adenostoma. Slight "trip" notes kept individuals in touch (1st 2, then more associated). As I progressed they kept above & ahead of me & more joined them. Would spend much time quietly perched on outside of large bushes in plain sight. Would scatter & forage on ground & proceed rapidly thru the brush. One came almost to me in a steep shaded gulley - seemed to be looking for water. Approx 6 birds in this loose flock seeming to be definitely centered on brush of a steep slope above Camp Huntington. Hiked up Edison Rd. high on mt. noticed Nuttall Woodpeckers wherever a sizable tree. Great aggregation of highly territorial & fighting hummers
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Marshall, 1946 July 20 Altadena, L.A.Co., Calif. everywhere a patch of blooming Nicotiana opened. In one slope where there was such a patch, the Annas appeared not to forage in them much & had fixed perches under shady sumacs away from the tobacco. & Costas & in & Allens (collected on each) among the tobacos & Allens at least had definite fixed perches from the vicinity of which they would drive all others. Noted food call of jew w.Tanagers high on a steep brushy slope. Noted Tanagers in the Rubio Canyon, feeding large jays. Brown towhee common on dry steep hillside. In Altadena proper noted abundance of w Tanagers which I have never before seen them in summer. Also noted a family of w.Bluebirds on lawns of Highland Ave. In PM called up a Screech Owl which perched on low twig & I got it to sit on the end of a stick & pulled it down level with my head before it flew. Noted July 21 Lone Tree Trail (Rubio watershed) to Mt.Lone, L.A.Co., Calif. Steep trail passes thru chaparral up S-facing slope of San Gabriels. Mostly Adenostoma 1st couple of thousand feet, then replaced by Manzanita. Berwick when, sunset Brown Towhee Throated
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Marshall, 1946 July 24 Lone Tree Trail to Mt. Lowe, L.G. Co., Caly. On N-facing slopes straggling Pseudotsuga above 2000 ft. Scrub oaks in some maples in ravines. Several family (?) groups of Black-chinned Sparrows in lower (Lidenostoma) zone. Set up owl & called scr. Owl notes to attract them. A real ♂ "" answered from ravine far down mt. Kept up for over ½ hr. Heard this in afternoon. Also heard Pygmy Owl whistle several times from distant canyon where a few Pseudotsuga. I gave imitated calls & got many birds, ground owl & pair Nymphalins. Not-quail also answer the call. Almost on summit of 1st range found a rattler which went across trail & climbed about 3 ft up in a bush, & coiled itself around the twigs. Seemed perfectly at home in the dense twiggy & glided around with ease. At dusk heard Pygmy Owl near at hand on N side 1st ridge where numerous Pseudotsuga stand above the dense 20' high growth Canyon Live Oak. Also ♂ Scream Owl highly territorial at same place & Smith & jims following him & uttering food calls. Horned Owl in distance hooted for a while. No other owls called up in dense Pseudots. forest.
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Marshall 1946 July 25' out Lowe to Barley Flats, Angeles Forest, L.A. Co., Calif. in area of old Mt. Lowe Tavern. AM at Lowe Tavern: spring attracted Hummers, Arkansas Goldfinches, Juncos etc. Canyon Wrens singing - rocky area . Mt. Grand. Pseudstones; Olive-sided Flycatchers, Vireos, solitary & walking Vireos, Bald-tailed Pigeons. Chickadees, Steller Jays, Grey Squirrels - tanagers. Canyon Live Oakes (set up out) upper Sonoran assortment both toulges; Wrentit Titmouse Black-throated Grey Warblers! Berwick Wren, etc. Many Hummers 3rd Prominent Association was Manganese chaparral on S-facing slopes - Entemias common. saw an Empidonax on E side Mt. Lowe - exclusively dry stunted oaks & manganese chaparral. Could have been a Wrights (?) Olive-sided Flycatcher, & Pewee the conpic. bds. all day. Everywhere where there are high perches, from 1st Pstrings on up. Barley Flats at noon. Small patch Pinus ponderosa & P. coulteri on grassy ridge. Purple Martins & Pygmy Nuthatches abundant also w/Bluebirds Chickadees, Violet-gs.?(a tree) Swallows. College wip Screech Owl in daytime & it was mobbed by White-crested Nuthatch etc. Juncos, one Martin dor at me's side & Desert Quail Clipping Sparrows common thruat this trip. Muttall Woodpeckers found wherever one or more trees
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Marshall, 1946 July 28 Chilo, San Gabriel mts., L.A. Co., Calif. About 6000 ft up. Large grove (about 1½-2 sq. miles in extent) P. ponderosa. Open stand on dry boulder strewn fairly flat rolling country. Pines & Artemisia tridentata. Gray squirrels & Enthusis & Coyotes abundant. Latter howling all night & made circuit of camp. W. Bluebirds, Chipping Sparrows, Juncos, chickadees Steller Jays, Pigmy & Wh-ls. Wuthatches the predom. birds. Noted a few Incense cedars. Found no owl nor pooinills in evening. Sighted several deer. Looks like favorable Otus flammeus country but doubtless too late in season to expect them to call. July 29-August 1 S.Fk. Santa Ana R., San Bernardino mts, Cal. From Jerks Lake up Santa Ana on 29th. To Dry lake 30th. Dollar L. 31st & up to Dollar Pass, back to Santa Ana R & Dry Lake; Back to Jerks L. on Aug 1st. Main observation was entire lack of any breeding activity (no snow left) no birds in song except a x rarely a fox sparrow or green-tailed towhee. Gt. movements & scattering of birds which seems to have carried many boreal birds down & many W.S & trans.
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Marshall, 1946 July 29-Aug 1 S. Fh. Santa Ana R. 7000-1000 ft. San Bernar- divis Co. Calif. Birds up. I.e. saw no Ruby C. Knights in boreal forest nor hermit thrushes, but saw latter down in P. ponderosa belt. Pygmy Nuthatches had invaded lodgepole & Limber pine forests at least to 9000 ft. Family of Wren-tits in manganita chaparel Dry Lake 9000 ft on July 30. Cassin Finches down in transition zone. Bl. Phoebe jaws 4 or 5 at Dry Lake 9000 ft. Wright Flycatcher seemed to have forsaken the high manganita chaparel & was found mostly with Jeffrey or Ponderosa Pine. No birds found feeding young. No evidence of any territories. Many large aggregations of birds - too jays duchadeses & nuthatches & woodpeckers. Olive-sided Flycatchers & Bewees together thruoaghts throughout - the most conspicuous birds everywhere - at least up to 10,000ft (Dollar J. saddle where I speul sp. on same tree taking insects blowm E across saddle). Annotated List of Species: Bufo common at night around Drylake. Sceloporus noted Shrink saw one at 8700 ft in grass clump of meadows near Dry Lake, July 31.
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Marshall, 1946 July 29-Aug 1, San Bernardino Mts., Calif. (S. Fork Santa Ana R.) Deer - head of S. fork Dry Lake. Gray Squirrel Common at Jenks Lake (about 7000ft in Black Oak-Yellow Pine Association. Also noted up S. Santa Ana Canyon as far as 8000ft. Entamas up to 9000 ft. Noted through at lower elev. Was common around Dry Lake. Equal no. with Callos in S. Fk. Canyon of Santa Ana. Callospermophilus Abundant and tame at Dollar Lake, abundant everywhere else esp. fallen logs & rocks. Seemed to go higher than Entamas which was not seen at Dollar L. 9300ft. Cathartes One seen at head S. Fk. 8500 ft in "amphitheater" area. Cattle present - a dead one seen. Accipiter Cooperi One dashed thru lodgepole & limber pines at Dry L. camp aft. of July 30. One seen dashing thru pines at head S. Fk. 8500 ft morning of Aug 1. Both in boreal area. shore bird Dry Lake - evening of July 30". Flushed from Dry Lake 9000 ft - had heard it several times - very loud, 2 noted call - tweet tweet with rising inflection. Flaw in great circles high over lake - often among nightbirds.
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Marshall, 1946 July 29 Aug 1 San Bernardino Mts. Calif. Size of Killdeer but more compact, straight longer bill Probably Solitary Sandpiper Band-tailed Pigeon; One noted 8500 ft heads 7th. Aug 1. Other single birds seen high on various occasions. Asio otus On evenings of July 30 & 31st in lodgepole pine woods around Dry Lake an owl presumably of this species (size, good eyesight, no "monkey-face") followed my whenever I gave Flammulated Owl notes. It would either perch on bark stubs near me or go in wide circles thru the timber about 20 ft high - On 30th when a 75 Owl finally did answer this owl soon came up and frightened the Otus into silence. Apparently was familiar with this call & perhaps has been feeding on the small species. Both evenings heard food-calls of this sp. - jaws probably both at edge Lake & high in the air. Imitated by downward-inflected whistle thru teeth. Must have been several birds around the Lake. Otus flammeolus Only one answered and that only for short time S. edge Dry Lake in pine lodgepole pine forest, Very
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Marshall, 1946 July 29 - Angl San Bernardino Mts., Calif. hoarse call & of triple grave note before the main call. Called about 5 min - readily answering my notes until the Azio came bursting thru the woods & scared it. Nighthawk : Abundant & still booming in evening of 30th & 31st at Dry Lake. Fly very high. As many as 28 in air at once. Come lower as it gets dark and begin to forage thru trees and over Lake. Company of 25 or more all moving east at one time on evening of 30th. Hammers at Bear Rofors & Calorje seen at head S Fork - wet meadows & wilows . 7500 ft. Dryobates villeros 8000 ft & below. S Fork Santa Ana. Juvs following parents - much noise . Generally on large dead pines ! Xenopsius few seen near Jenks Lake - Yellow Pine - Black Oak association Aug 1. Sphyrapicus varius One seen in Black oak - juv. about 7500 ft. Near Jenks Lake Aug 1. Sphyrapicus thyrodes ? in limber pines July 31 above Dollar Lake - almost 1000 ft. Started at about 5-6' on trunk - then to top, then down to another tree few
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Marshall, 1946 July 29-Aug 1, San Bernardino Mts., Calif. yds. away. A jw. seen near Jenkins Lake in Yellow Pine belt Aug 1. Acan Woodpecker Through- yellow pine belt up to about 7500 ft. High on tops yellow pines. Jenkins Lake Aug 1. Colaptes Abundant through range of Jeffrey & yellow pine, at least to 8000 ft. Sayornis nigricans About 5 jw's. at Dry Lake foraging around edges close to water. 1 taken, prepared, & skin destroyed by mice: A jw July 30, 1946 Dry L. 9000 ft. tests 1.7mm. some fat, sm. dragon flies (damselflies) not beginning molt. Olive-sided Flycatcher & Wood Pewee - most conspicuous birds - everywhere & calling, up to 10000 ft (see ger. acct). I was amazed at the abundance and scattering of these birds. They make spectacular long insect-flight when in steep surroundings. Empidonax wrighti Fairly common - usually up in pines. Through Yellow Pine - black oak asso. (Jenkins). up to 9500 ft in lodgepole pines where scarce.) Apparently a downward movement.
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Marshall, 1946 July 29-Aug 1 San Bernardino Mts., Caly. Violet Green Swallow Abundant from Dry Lake to Jerbs Lake & along Santa Ana R. S Fk. Cyanwitta: S Fk, Dry Lake, Dolla t., etc. albount in Transition & Boreal but most common " along S Fk Santa Ana where large groups of noisy aggressive birds seen - up to 35 individuals per group. Threefaga Widely scattered Jerbs Lake to Dolla. Lake. More seemed to be at the lower elevations in Yellow Pine. Chickadee Abundant throug. Red-treated Nuthatch heard at Dry Lake (Lodgepole Pines) & family group seen at S. Fk. in little patch willows ! about 7500 ft.) 5 or 6 birds very nory & chasing each other. White - treated Nuthatch Common through out up to Dry Lake 9000 ft. Creper Up to Dry Lake area Not common. Ogging Nuthatch Abundant throught in Lodgepole, Yellow & Jeffrey Pines. Apparently a mass upward movement (post-breeding) into boreal.
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Marshall, 1946 July 29-Aug 1 San Bernardino Mts., Calif. Ruby-crowned Knight - not a trace! "Golden crowned" 2 seen in White Fir 5th about 7800 ft July 29. House Wren - 2 or so at Dry Lake Wren-tit 3 seen & head singing 2 seemed to belong to a pair in manzanita chaparral 900ft Dry Lake July 30. V. Bluebird: Dry Lake & common below in Yellow Pines as Horse Meadows. Solitaire Family of jays - about 3 seen inside lodgepole grove at Dollar T. July 31. One in White Fir 5th 7800 ft Aug 1. Hermits Thrush. 2 only seen - these on &nd. miss One in patch willows other on gnd among Manzanitas both near Jerry Lake in Yellow Pine belt. Post breeding downward moment? Lutecent Warbler - Common in mipled flats swithatchs chickadees, juncos etc around dry lake and head S.Fk. Paleolated Warbler Feeding young in willows head 5th in canyon leading to Dry T. Young have different call from ad - more like Lutecent W.
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Marshall 1946 July 29-Aug 1 San Bernardino Nets. Audubon Warbler abundant walking & juncs throught up to Dollar Lake. Common in the mixed flocks around Dry Lake. Some seemed still to be in fixed territories. W. Tanager Common up to 8000 ft along SFh. Seen at Dry Lake also. Blk Headed Grosbeaks juncs or ?'s at Dry Lake July 30. Pine Siskin - conspicuous by its absence! Carpodacus cassinii found in same places daily. Abundant in transition zone along SFh. Not seen much in lodgepole & limber pines. One ad ♂ watched quietly sitting then hopping around on grd. Aug 1 under young white firs. Carpodacus purpureus. Only at lower more transition localities - Jumbo Lake. One seen grd as above but less numerous. "Pit" not seems sharper & higher than those at Berkeley. Lopia curvicrista Dry Lake Aug 1. One seen & heard. Junco- abundant some must still be nesting as judged by alarm notes of ad. pairs seen at same place going & coming (July 29, Aug 1).
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Marshall, 1946 July 29 - Aug 1 San Bernardino Mts. Chipping Sparrow Abundant in openings in pine forests. Dry Lake especially. Green-tailed Towhee: Some singing early a.m. July 31 at Dry L. Found in manzanita & chignapi brush head of SFk. Common. Fox Sparrow - Manzanita & chaparral Dollar Lake, head SFk., down to Jerles Lake. Call a sharp "chip" exactly like Brown Towhee - not at all like the "tup" of the winter birds in Bay area. Common. Aug 2 Crockett x Pincle x Martinez, Contra Costa, Calle On SP train noted extensive marshes "S side, Emisen Bay" extending unbroken to Martinez where a good fresh-water habitat adjonis & is continuous with salt marsh. Noted large salt marsh at Crocket at base of Carguinez bridge, another at Obem.
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3. Marshall, J. T. Species accounts, 1946-48
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Marshall, Joe Species Accounts Birds 1946 - 1948 exclusive of Melospiza
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Marshall, 1947 Otus flammeolus June 16 Angeles Crest Hwy from Gabriel Mts., L.A. Co., Calif. Had supper at Chilao in Yellow Pine, Coulter Pine - Artemesia tridentata area. No Otus but many Brownhills. Later drove up highway and stopped on NW side Waterman Mt., 6600ft in a little steep canyon. 3 Otus flammeolus were found within 200yds of car. No moon. Steep outside of granite boulders, sparse occasional low patches ceanothus, or Arctostaphylos, sparse spindly forest of widely separated Jeffrey Pine, White Fir, Sugar Pine, Incense Cedar. 2 Otus coll from Jeffrey Pines. Calling regularly when neared their respective metagoli. Often seen to leave a tree and sail on curved ridgid wings very fast and very low to near foot of next "hosting tree" then would call from near the top or hidden in crown foliage near trunk. .'. Must take a rapid sail and then flap way up to a perch just like a shrike. Next AM awoke to confirm the god-foraken nature of this rocky, dry, sparse forest which seems perfect for Otus scope. Other birds noted: a couple Jays (Steller), Plain sparrow, hawks nesting in stub, chickadees,
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Marshall, 1947 Otus scops Jun26 Angeles Crest Hiway LA Co. Calif. Gumos, Dark Crows etc. And Warblers. Drove on to Buckhorn Flat situated in broader valley with more gentle slopes & better forest & larger patches of Ceonothus & Arctostaphylos there often in perfect circular areas. Would be good place for cemmies of Otus. A stream runs thru campgd & is veritable oasis & paradise for birds with willows, repican flowers, Giant Sugar Pines, White Firs & Cedars, tall Jeffreys on dry slopes. Many robins, jays, gumcos, warblers, Fox Sparrows, Nuttallches etc White- headed & 1/2 Ivy Woodpeckers. On way home noted that Chilao, Charleton Flats & probably also Barley Flats are islands of remnant pine forest once continuous with Weterna Mt. forest but now isolated by fires. Jun29 Walker Pass - Saw Cactus Wrens, Scott's Oriole & Desert Sparrows in Joshua tree forest on E side pass. Abrupt & dramatic transition to Pinynum - Juniper Artemesia on other side extend several miles down W slope. Jun 20 Big Meadow 7500' Tulare Co. Calif. Camped
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Marshall, 1947 Otus scops June 20 Big Meadow, 7500 ft. Tulare Co. Caly. in same old campground or rd to Buck Rock near little meadow surrounded by giant red firs & smaller ladjypdes. Jeffrey pine & brush space on adjacent granite slopes. In evening Robinis chased a Long - eared Owl to tree over our camp. Later I looked for Otus & found 2 separated 300 yds apart. The 1st had terr incl our camp & followed me back to camp. Its headquarters were in a grove in a ravine 3500 yds to N. Here I called June 21 it up again the next Am in broad daylight. It hooted occasionally but never left its perch high in crown & near trunk of tall Jeffrey Pine. It was not seen & didn't fly. Other birds: Hammond flycatcher, Robinis hermit thrushes Williamson Sapsuckers, Juncoes, Audubon Warblers numerous. Afternoon drove toward Horse Coral Mdw past Big Meadow Weaver & Boulder Creeks along N - facing slope of pure Red Fir then S- "" "" of brush where saw White - Throated Swift. June 23 Whitaker's Forest, W slope Redwood Mt. Tulare Co. In evening heard & coll a Glaucidium up same ravine where heard yrs past.
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Marshall, 1947 Glauadium Otus scops June 21 Whilatus Forest, Tulare Co., Calif. It responded readily to my whistle slight infection. Retreated far up hill then stood its ground & began to call then fly across me to another perch etc mostly from 1 side of me to the other between 2 tall trees a Yellow pine & White Fir. Gave beside succession of evenly spaced single slightly infected whistles couple seconds apart -- a trill of notes 2/sec or more & regular note followed by 2nd at lower pitch. Hear'd 3 Otus flow on way back still light temp +1. , etc Finally call from conifer perch on top of yellow pine where calling loudly. Later PM went looking for Otus heard whole family of Strip in distance Found 4 or 5 of Otus incl tern+1 both came rapidly to imitate, 2 up above haunted house & one on slope above (N) creek', one in valley of creek no public camp in denser growth - 1st time I've head them there. The 2 by haunted house were very persistent & one would come within 3 ft of me in little low reders. When calling by itself would have single loof. When I would call it would
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Marshall, 1947 Otus scops Jan 21 Whitaker's Ford Tulare Co., Cal. change to whistle & poop -- whistle & fly closer then voice would get harsh & breathy & would come in steps down into the little cedar tree until within 3'. I could see the bill was closed when it hooted & that the throat puffed out greatly at each note - also the tail very slightly raised each note. The 2nd would often join us, then the 1st would get still more breathy - both might stop calling & they would fly at each other chasing from twig to twig, a real little contest. However the 2nd would always eventually be chased away & he would resume hooting single clear notes from higher trees. Jan 28 Drive from Grizzly 50 to River ton above Placerville. Then up a dirt road to Beaver Ridge to see virgin pine forest. On flat gad on top of ridge, or gently sloping N-facing areas were the most magnificent stands of sugar pine I've ever seen. Often 8' diam very tall. With giant
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Marshall, 1947 Otus scops June 28 Marine Ridge, Eldorado Co., Calif. white firs: Hermit thrush singing all thru this co. Here was good soil on flat gad. On steep places became rocky & very poor forest of Yellow Pine, Incense Cedar. Drove to Jackson (meadow), S fork, Middle Fork, Nth Fork of Silver Creek. Between creeks was rolling country of terrendous virgin forest no firs, no logging - great Yellow Pines, Sugar Pines, White Firs, Incense Cedars, an occasional douglas fir (very rare). As the river valleys were reached however, this forest would give way abruptly to lodgepole pine & scampy Jeffrey Pine forest - a few aspens. Thus the jeffrey pine would be found in the eroded granite slopes of the stream valley, of yellow pine among the giants of the rolling co. away from stream valleys. Seems purely an adaptive factor influencing the shift yellow pine (good soil) -> Jeffrey Pine (grants) As the owls in P.M: Camped at public camp Nth th Silver Creek. Camp in Lodgepole & June 29 Jeffrey Pine by creek - few birds compared
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Marshall, 1947 Two stops June 21st at the Silver Creek, Eldorado Co., Caly. to "transition forest". Only 1 humit Thrush pewees, Hammonds, Red-Tr. sapwekers, jincos, chippies, robins, And Warblers etc'. It is rather amazing to see Jeffrey Pine forest here on gentle s facing slopes, & Yellow Pine, White Fir, Sugar Pine, Cedar much higher on N-facing slopes. There is not much actual slope around here however. In late afternoon we drove up canyon to Nth for 2 miles thus being in cross valley running N & S on SE side of Robb's Peak. Parked in little str. ravine running E choked with Azaleas in full bloom. The view up this ravine was wonderful - all the trees flanking it were perfect - mature yet with conical tops - no dead ones. Found Solitaries nest with 9 sitting on 3 or 4 eggs on rd cut 1 ft off rd. Hermit Thrushes singing, also Hermit Warblers. This valley had the usual magnificent growth of magnif forest, Sugar Pine, White Fir Cedar, & Yellow Pine. Only 1 Doug fir seen, a giant. Hiked about a mile N to summit of road in large
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Marshall, 1947 0This scops June 29th 7th Silver Creek Eldorado Co. Calif. Flat area inclining up to W when ridges of tall manzanita brush. Was getting late & Robins pursued another long eared owl over us - as always in their incidents it goes at tree top level of the forest & perches for a minute or 2 along the way. Later collected it from May in manzanita area. Went up to this " " which turned out to be burned off of forest completely. Several jownalls calling. Called up one my close several times. Sat upright on top of dead stump & called pinging whole body & shifting head at each call. Also in the brush, it gave low rapid teeth calls like chuchator chukator, but these shorter notes than, than call more like a purring trill. Also clapped wings in flight - this when I whistled close to it or when another & came into trees. Became dark & I called up another scops which followed us about 1/2 mi when it was headquarters - was flat
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Marshall, 1947 Otus scops June 9th Fk Silver Creek, Eldorado Co, Caly\ngun yellow pine & fir forest, but it followed us a way into the heavy tall forest of the valley.\nPoorwills in manzanita & Black Oak - The poorwill was a sight to see flying - Would sail quite a long ways with wings slightly forward, vent, & up at 45 L or righthand. Also would flutter or hover before alighting with very deep strokes. May fly with infrequent beats, bringing wings back to freerian sailing L each time. Got going rather fast several times. this hiking between 6700 & 6900 ft. Saw Porcupine climb up a little fir\nJune 3rd hiked up this same valley from camp trying for all owls in the book. Found only 1, an Otus fusc scops in open forest of hillside where a lot of black oaks - stayed high in firs. Farther on in Jeffrey Pine & Black oaks heard 'one which could have been the same owl.\nMr Rosen has suggested that like his Mexican Otus asio, this species may have a great expanse of its - seems
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Marshall, 1987 Otus scops June 30 Robles Peak Eldorado Co., Calif. reasonable in view of Whitaker's & Big Meadows Observations - rarity & hearing of yet they call rather consistently when they are found; Also could acclt for gt distances covered by J's their overlapping of "territories" & their incessant hooting. No other otu found tonight the much seemingly good Jeffrey Pine co. covered. July 1 (see Song Sparrow acct.) Echo Lake, Eldorado Co., 7500 ft., Calif. - few trips - beautiful red fir, Sierra juniper, seen also Jeffy Pine, but Hemlock, Lodgepole Pine. July 2 Virginia Lakes Mon.? Co., Calif. 9200 ft drove from lining up here to look for very frutify & conies - found now There is no yellow Jeffrey Pine zone here at all. Lyle Miller says maybe all logged off. We go from Artemesia straight into Pirus catata & Palbrcalis then Hemlock then timberline. Hernial thushy at timberline wherever little miniature forests no matter how steg of 20 ft for pines & hemlocks. Rock Wrens among rocks, Owl Warbles in Willows.
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Marshall, 1947 Otus asio Apr 5 Sonora, Trucumme Co., Calif. PM hunted for owls - called Otus, cryptolaemus. Heard only Otus asio & Bubo. (Hear[ed] p[oorly], Apr 6 midnight.) Full moon. Some clouds. calm. Sonora [illegible] Horned Owl. tagger hill Horned Owl newer road Blue Oak Digger Pine old road atoll Dry grass underbrush meadow pool marsh Rader's Place (where I started) 1 mile Map of Screech owls during hike thru 1 mile uniform blue oak & digger pine. 6 tars, evenly spaced. Horned Owls heard at distance - they were on ridges.
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Marshall, 1947 Phalaenoptilus May 4 head of Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. 9-12 PM warm, clear, calm, full moon. Parked in Claremont Canyon, linked over ridge to upper road in Strawberry Canyon, and NE almost to foot of Grizzly Peak. None heard in Claremont Canyon at all - extensive Baccharis chaparral. About 5 in Strawberry canyon, then along upper road where proceeds generally N-S & thru Eucalyptus. 1st another in Eucalypt high & to S. 1st heard from Artemesia chaparral above road, 2nd (coll) from dead stub of Eucalypt along road - perched on top of vertical twig 75" high. Calling steadily. 2 more heard in tall Eucalypt at base Grizzly Peak, but far apart. One flew across road & up into Artemesia chaparral where called steadily from squatting position on flat rock-rock - a high rock overlooking steep chaparral. These 5 birds very widely spaced & generally calling in concert for 15-20 min then long intervals of silence when wouldn't even respond to imitated calls. 2 specimens given to Thomas Howell.
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Marshall, 1946 Aëronauts sapatilis April 10 Life Sciences Bldg., UC Campus, Berkeley, Alameda C., Caly. One swift heard at intervals all morning. at 1 pm watched from lawn & saw it several times flying low and approach but not alighting at the Cliff Swallow resting sights sites in the eves of LSB. April 10-12 seen daily. Stores reports two.
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Marshall, 1946 Stelgidopteryx ruficollis May 11 Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Two seen foraging over Strawberry pool in am. Found carrying small twigs into hole in bank 75 yds west of pool. Bank made by road excavation 8 ft high, hole apparently a gopher hole 1 ft down from top of bank. Swallows would generally fly directly into hole; once pushed on a root near entrance. Would drop twig if held crosswise, or would not enter and would fly around and grasp stick by the end so that it pointed forward, so could fly directly into hole with it. Hole about 2-3" diam, too small for stick carried crosswise in mouth. Bird would sometimes drop stick even if held str out in front. Two birds at nest - only one at a time.
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Marshall, 1946 Parus refescens April 6 Wildcat Canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. 9 AM - cloudy, cold. Saw 2 in willow growth at bottom of canyon. Several said 2 or 3 more had flushed from here before I came up. Were with loose flock of brush-tits - called occasionally, one perched on dead twig in open & sat upright there without moving for several minutes. Finally both flew across road to oak hillside and were not further seen nor heard. April 13 Sunny clear. 4 noted in willows, poison oak, oaks along stream 100 yds S. of previous week. Together gave confusion chorus of alarm notes - high-pitched & brush-tits - when sharp-shinned Hawk flew over. June 25 1/4 mi NE Redwood Peak, Contra Costa Co., Calif. One attracted by screech owl calls in redwood grove - open - with madrones & live oaks. Flew to weeds on pond while gave excited calls, then into oaks and off into redwoods. Only one seen in area. June 29 San Leandro Creek, 1 mi NE Redwood Peak, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Family group W side creek 100 yds S Redwood Inn. Attracted around stuffed O tus. Shot 4 with sling. In oaks & redwoods. July 1 U.C. Campus, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. One heard & seen 11:30 AM in lands of Strawberry Cr. W LSB.
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Marshall, 1947 Barnes references Oct 18 Green Valley, 4 3/4 mi (NNW) upstream from Cordelia (BM 29), Solano Co. Calif. A flock of about 10 was in willows of open stream valley here at the public picnic area & scout camp. Coll. one & gave it to E.A. Stoner to skin (Box 444 Benicia). It has rufous flanks. Nov 27 Strawberry Canyon North Side about 300 yds NW of Fish & Game Lab. Alameda Co. Calif. Flock of about 4 (at least 4) foraging in tops of tall Eucalypti, in sunlight, 8 am. Sun was hitting only the tops.
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Marshall, 1948 Arizona hooded Oriole Icterus cucullatus June 17 U.C. Campus Berkeley, Alameda Co., Caly. 9 am heard hooded oriole call (rising whistle) from tree front of Hillgard Hall. Then saw the bird fly directly overhead & alight in the eucalyptus grove - called in flight. Passed close & I saw it was ad. or Arizona hooded Oriole. There has been a (pair?) bird (at least one -) never in ad plumage, but sometimes heard singing - at my home at 2228 10th St. Berkeley this summer of '46, '47 & '48. They hang out in large date palm a few doors to south of my house.
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Marshall, 1946 Chondeste grammacus April 20 Woolsey Canyon, NE side U.C. Campus, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Two seen at head of S branch of creek 50 yds N campus boundary by Czelstron. 1st were in Buckeye at head of creek, ♂ singing. One foraged on bare ground of trail - seemed to walk one ft at a time. ♂ sang from series of perches: the buckeye, top of acacia on campus boundary, fence post near acacia (flew to gnd & foraged in short dry grass, some hopping, some walking, picked up food with bill, didn't scratch), various Baccharis bushes, willows 30 yds downstream from buckeye, etc. gave
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4. Marshall, J. T. Species account of Melospiza melodia April 1946 - June 1948
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(Nothing of importance has been left in margin or reverse of pages) Marshall, Joe Species account Birds Melospiza melodia April 6, 1946 - June 10, 1948 pp. 00. Index of localities pp. 0-153 Account- including maps of collections, maps of censuses, ecology of song sparrows. pp. 154 Photographs
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Marshall, 1948 Melospiza Index to localities for Melospiza thesis "a" numbers in bound notebook 1938-41 = Oct '39 - April '41 plain numbers in this notebook April 6, 1946 - June 10, 1948. Bay Marshes: Alameda Creek 38, 84-86 Alviso a19, 65-71, 128-129 Avon 13, 125-126 Belmont 58 (back) Benicia a21 103-104, 107 Berkeley a23 Cordelia a21, a25 14, 43-45 Corte Madre a24, 11, 74 Dumberton 127 Emeryville a 23 (fresh water) Gallinas 11, 86, 88 Griggs Rd. a25, 107-109, 143 Martinez a29-a30, 107 Napa a1-a6, a19, a21, a27 6, 12, 17, 20, 72, 75, 76, 80, 81 Oleum 10-11 Patterson 54, 56, 57 Petaluma 13, 79, 88 Pinole a 31-a32 17, 18, 133 Pittsburg 13-14 Ravenswood 16 Redwood City 59 Richmond a23-a24, 12, 135 Richmond a13, 34 San Bruno 16, 47, 127 San Leandro 15, 36, 41, 149, 154 San Lorenzo 37 San Francisco Rd. 65 San Pablo a8, a17 20-35, 89(back), 133-134 Solano a 30-a31 Sonoma Cr. 13, 77, 79, 136-137 Southampton a 21, 15, 17, 19, 105-106, 108 Sulphur Springs a 21, 144 Suisun a10-a11, a14-a16, 4, 34(back) Vallejo A 21, 72 Fresh-Water Marshes: Chabot a26-a27 Cierbo a21, a29, 10 Herman a 21, 150, 151 Kenwood 8-9 Mered 130 Olema 4, 8, 145 Port Costa a 29 St. Mary's 148 Extralimital Marshes: Antioch 13 Elkhorn 1-4, 154 So Caly 110-118, 123-124 Silver Creek, El Dorado Co. 109-110 Plant Lists: 46, 100, 102 Days in Field: 21 days Oct '39 - Apr '41; 67 days April '46 - March '48 incl. 37 days Mar 29 - June 28 '47 Creeks: Alameda a19, 9, 38, 85 Belmont 58 Canaserca 17, 81-82 Corte Madre 74, 140 Corvite a19-a20 Folsom Valley a21, a24, 42, 46, 140-141, 150, 151 Gradaupervie 66-71, 128-129 Hinchera a1, a3-a4, a22 Jameson a 22, a 27 8 Miller 78-79, 86-89, 139 Muir Woods 96 Napa a22, a28, 72, 73, 75, 80 Novato 78 Patterson 49, 54-57 Pinole 17, 18 Redwood City 59 Rodeo . a 21 San Francisco Rd. 65, 131, 152-153 San Leandro 36, 39-40 San Lorenzo 37 San Pablo a7-a8 a18 48-49 Sonoma 9, 20, 77, 137-138 Strawbury a 19, 101 Suisun 83, 142, 150, 151 Susuel a 27, 75 Walnut 60-64, 121-122, 132, 146-147 Tunitas 131 Wildcat a 7, a18, 0, 20-21, 89 Coastal Salt Marshes: Bolinas 97 Drake Bay 97 Tomales 5-6, 145, 154 Coastal Uplands: Elk 7-8 Muir Creek 96 Pt Reyes 6, 98-100 San Mateo Co. 47, 60, 91-96, 130-131 Stinson 99 Tomales 4-6, 145 Inland Upland Points: Martinez a29-a30, 13, 106-107 Oakland Hills 90 Richmond Hills a12, 34 Sebastopol 138 Airplane Trip 50-53 Drake Collection 119-122
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Marshall, (1946 Melospiza melodia April 6 Wildeat Canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Spent whole morning with 113 class cloudy, cold. Interesting habitat preference of Song Sparrows! Found in 3 types: (1) Extensive willow bottoms in wide open valley floors & along narrow lines of willows along streams in grassy hill areas. In this habitat - although very extensive in bottom of canyon - song sparrows few & widely spaced. Many patches of willow & brush tangles at stream mouths where none or only 1 singing. (2) Especially widely spaced singing males along narrow line of willows then grassland. Few singing, (3) stream bottoms than oak canyons. Song sparrows in poison oak & other thickets along streams - few and widely spaced pairs - few sing or sing for long time. (3) Extensive patch of wild parsley along broad top of ridge - surrounded by grassland. In this parsley, song sparrows abundant, all males singing - a pair every 25-30 yards. Forage in dense young parsley, get on dead tall stalks to sing. Many or contig., Comparable abundance terr. Therefore much more singing... to tule marsh; single plant association
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia April 7 Elkhorn Slough Trip. In afternoon drove S of San Francisco on Bayshore Highway. Guadalupe Valley has salicornia marsh & looks like northernmost location for possible pusilla. I saw ss here 1940 but didn't collect any. A sparsely vegetated stream flows into upper end - might be a few pairs santacruces along it - but hills there dry & barren x probably few ss approach the bay marshes in region of South San Francisco. S. San Francisco marsh greatly restricted now. Looked like a couple of places where willows or cattail marsh approached salicornia marsh north of Palo Alto. Studied Elkhorn Slough area from 4-6 - windy but clear. Noted cattail marsh 1 mi S Watsonville junction which probably has many santacruces: Elkhorn slough marshes greatly drained altered or used for salt works. Moro Cojo Slough seems entirely taken over
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Marshall 1946 2. Meloqiza melodica April 7 Elkhorn Slough, Monterey Co., Calif- for salt drying & no good habitat for song sparrows left. Only extensive salicornia areas on Elkhor Slough that I saw were where Salicornia was very short - a habitat for Savannah Sparrows, but not Song Sp. Song Sparrows require dep salicornia & places where there are banks of sloughs - even feed under overhanging banks as at S San Francisco Marsh. tules cattails A C wilows, tules B E H Elkhorn Slough Moss Landing Mono Cogo Slough At least a dozen pairs santacruces in fresh-water marsh at A - singing & active. Several singing in deep salicornia at C & D but these flushed across to gardens or fresh-water marsh at A, therefore apparently didn't have actual territories established in
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia April 7 Elkhorn Slough, Monterey Co., Cal. the Salicornia. Continued to sing from A, however ( cattails) where there is a little fresh-water marsh higher than the salicornia. I was surprised to see one or 2 birds which sang for a while on tufts of salicornia, then slipped in to the ground and foraged thru the dense Salicornia growth, then finally flushed across to the fresh water marsh. Nevertheless seemed at home temporarily in the Salicornia. At E & F there was luxuriant Salicornia growth just like that inhabited by priddula on the SF Bay - but no song sparrows -(Savannah Sparrows numerous, however). One or two Song Sparrows singing in willows & tufts of fresh-water marsh at B. But here, none seen going out into the salicornia. A & B are both very small patches of fresh water habitat which both join Salicornia marsh. Would be good place for egg... Best Salicornia-Grindelia habitat is at C - no song sparrows - took 3 photos. No adjacent fresh-water habitat. Only Savannah Sparrow. Proves sartacernis doesn't occur in this habitat
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia April 7 Elkhorn Slough, Monterey Co., California Note however, that there is no salt marsh drawn on the topographic map for this spot - perhaps a new Salicornia area not yet invaded. May 5 Tomales Bay, Marin Co., Calif. clear, warm, calm. Contra Costa Co. Month El Cerrito Creek & opposite Pt. Isabel : Extensive tracts of deep Salicornia with Baccharis & Grindelia lining sloughs & ditches. good habitat. Isabel Pt to Stage : Contra Costa Co. narrow line salt grass on bay side of highway good habitat. Stage : Catalina Co. Extensive marsh formerly tules now higher & all deep Salicornia with Baccharis & Grindelia, good habitat Marin Co. San Rafael marshes now all converted into pasture. Tomales Bay, Marin Co. : Cattail marshes & willow marshes at head of bay, song sparrows around edge of bay on S side (slope of Inverness Ridge) in vine tangles, willows, weeds, soft chaparral, & occasional patches of cattails. Investigated the salt marsh extensively between Inverness & Point Reyes station keeping on S. side of main slough. Some sedge &
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia May 5 Tomales Bay, Marin Co., Calif. tules but mostly the marsh is a wide open area of salt Salicornia cut with meandering ditches & sloughs. Tide was out & Song Sparrows were foraging under undercut banks of the sloughs. Very abundant way out in Salicornia marsh where males spaced out 20-50 yards apart each with 2 or so fixed song perches on snags, (drift wood) fence posts, clumps of tules. Also it's singing in fresh-water habitat around edge of marsh. Sibley & I couldn't chase birds from Salicornia to the land - were well established as far out in the marsh as I could see or hear. Was out there about 1 hr. & saw same males in same song perches repeatedly. Generally pairs seen. Most of foraging was along undercut banks. Found one nest in Salicornia tuft 3 ft from small ditch. Nest 8" off ground, in base of Salicornia 4 eggs, I flushed & crept along undercut bank of ditch. This nest only 25 yds from S side of marsh. One or two birds noted flying to thickets at side marsh from immediat
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia May 5 Tomales Bay Main Co., Caly. Salicornia area (within 20 yds) but no long flights between the 2 habitats. Tabley found ten, fixed out in the salt marsh (by chasing D's). All birds were noticeably deep reddish- brown - almost chestnut - was evident because they were in brilliant sunlight. Saw several pairs of Savannah Sparrows (salam note around nest) in some of sparser Salicornia. Both species heard in song from center of marsh area north of main large slough. 4 or 5 pairs Song Sp. in 100 yds on one side of edge this slough. Tomales Point Song Sparrows noted in thickets occurring within Bishop Pine Forest on top of ridge where I collected ? #3397. Point Reyes Song Sparrows abundant in low chaparral of Yellow Lupines on slopes facing ocean. Equally abundant as White-crowns - habitat of the 2 sp. identical here. W. End Island #1, Solano Co.: S.Sp. abundant in Salicornia & also in pure dense Baccharis or higher ground. In latter habitat noticed at least 2 pairs giving alarm notes; resting in Baccharis chaparral (sammulis) & watched one bird foraging under Baccharis.
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia General Account 7. Sept 14-22 San Francisco Bay Song Sparrow Trip The following account of Melospiza melodia covers collecting from Sept 14-22 and specimen nos. 3412-3560. It consists of locality and habitat descriptions and observations on differences in moult in different areas. It shall still be written by localities (alphabetically for counties, then specific localities) under each race as follows: gouldii, santaecruis, sannelis, meyillaris, pusillula. Except for 3 loci at Kenwood, Sonoma Co which all localities same weather (prevailed thru this week) clear, sunny, hot, more or less wind. For specific dates on which certain localities were visited, see catalog. gouldii Marin Co. Elk Valley collecting done at north valley turn portion facing Pacific Ocean. Winding creek there with sparse Baccharis and patches of junipers along it. SS numerous here but more common up steep hillslopes on each side. Narrow valley in dense sea-side chaparel - poison oak, Rubus Baccharis etc. SS common, no difficulty coll. 10 in 1 hr. Indicated Coll. all within 300 yds of ocean. Indicates a big population all along sea coast in chaparel. Becomes very sparse as leave
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Marshall, 1946 Meloiziza melodia Sept 14-22 Gouldii coast & progress up canyons to SF Bay side. All were fully molted birds. No juvenials. Pt Reyes Station Collected within a mile south of the southern end of Tomales Bay in rich, heavy dense fresh-water swamp - which is an extension on Tomales Bay valley but above tide-water. Main swamp full of very tall Typha and tall round-stemmed Scirpus (californicus?) Willows around edge on higher ground then dense tall weeds & occasional Baccharis? All plant types mentioned are high & dense, providing optimum habitat for song sparrows. Very abundant. All fully molted. Sola... Napa Co. Jameson Canyon Collected over entire extent of suitable habitat from Solano to line 1 mile west along railroad track. Patches of willows, scattered clump typha, but mostly tall weeds. Collected 10 birds which seemed almost to exhaust population along this very narrow stretch of habitat (bordered by dry grassland). Little water at this season. Birds numerous in dense weeds near willows. One of the 10 was an im. almost completely molted. Rest fully molted. No juvenials seen. (artificial) Sonoma Co 3 mi W Kenwood - a lake with a few patches of typha surrounded by dry uninhabitable oak & grassland. Only 4 birds
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia Sept 14-22 Gouldi seen, 3 ad, 1 juv. The juv & 2 ad coll. by Fox. Apparently not a good habitat - too remote - because of high elevation - from any adjoining habitat. The 4 birds probably post-breeding wanderers from Sonoma Valley. Sonoma Valley Probably sparse song sparrow populations along willow-bordered streams in center of Valley - as at Kenwood, Schellville. None collected. Judging from Longhurst's air observations of all other lakes & from my views, there is no place near the bay from Petaluma to Napa where dense marshland populations can be found. This vast area then is very sparsely populated & only along streams. SantaCruz's Alameda Co., 1 1/2 mi N Alvarado Collected for about 1 1/2 hrs, on E side highway #17 in extensive fresh-water swamp on a tributary, but north of Alameda Creek, and within 4 miles of SF Bay. Willows, Typha and tall weeds (mostly Rumex) harbored great nos. S.S. They were not in dry typha however. Rumex formed large stands 4-5 ft tall on dry ground & had many song sparrows. A great concentration here bounded by dry farmlands. All fully molted. A good place to look for contiguity into salt marsh.
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia Sept 14-22 SantaCruzis Contra Costa Co. Canada del Cierbo locality an artificial lake 1 mi East of Torrey sm village on highway 40. Lake now dry, but surrounded by extensive tall typha & willows at East end. SS abundant. Of 11 birds, 2 still had some juvenil feathers - 1 or 2 other juvs seen. All coll. from dense tall dry typha, or adjacent Baccharis pilularis ['Oleum Salt Marsh' see Samuelis.] Samuelis Contra Costa Co. Oleum salt marsh. This marsh is actually at Torrey north of Oleum. Lies between RR tracks (along edge of bay) and 100'ft bank which encloses a marsh of several acres covered with low Salicornia, changing to typha & [illegible] near bank. On dry slopes of bank where there is much seepage of fresh water there are willows, poison oak, some junipers, Baccharis pilularis etc. Song sparrows common in willows & other chaparral of the bank & go out into typha to forage, one or 2 seen to fly out to Salicornia but none seemed to stay there long. Salicornia & typha in tidal area. The salt marsh is very small thus it seems correct that the birds there are really
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Marshall, 1946 11. Melospiza melodia Sept Samuelis Contra Costa Co., Oleum salt marsh 14-22 Fresh-water samacensis with headquarters mainly in willows and Baccharis at edge of the marsh. Marsh too small to maintain any "unswamped" samuelis. All birds in ad plumage. [I coll in more trap in Typha, Scirpus californicus to north] Marin Co. Corte Madera Creek salt marsh at mouth. Collected approx. 2 mi W Corte Madera a[t] edge of SF bay (by a little hill on S side marsh at mouth Corte Madera Creek.) This marsh not contig with any suitable fresh-water habitat on entire S edge where I collected. Took birds exclusively from Griendelia bushes growing 2-3 feet high along edges of little sloughs winding thru dense Salicornia. All in ad plumage, some exceedingly worn considering the season. Due to rubbing against Salicornia probably. The birds forage away the g closely-packed stones. Very abundant. Gallinas Creek salt marsh at mouth Similar in all respects to Corte Madera except there are Baccharis bushes & tall weeds at the immediate edge of the marsh where birds congregate - from the marsh. Birds exceedingly abundant. None go upland - where no fresh water habitat contiguous. Coll. at apt. on McKean's Rd approx 3 mi W Forbes
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia Sept Addition to Marin Co: some marshes re-established along San Pedro Road, East of San Rafael. Song Sparrows seen in them. Salicornia & Juncelia, some tules. Sonoma Marin Co Richardson Bay salt marsh This marsh by the old electric power house 1/2 mi East of Mill Valley Marsh is of salicornia type tidal with thickets of Juncelias along the sloughs. An extensive population of song sparrows here but the birds go into weed around the edge of the marsh & their population is doubtless continuous with sparse birds on moister North-facing slopes & willows in the vicinity But anyway these birds are not mere visitors to the marsh they are permanently established there & forage sing etc in the Salicornia & Juncelias. Is a game refuge & I tried to get birds with monstrops - got 2 with 38 traps set at bases of prominent juncelias. Could have gotten more by resetting around a old bridge which was HQ for & about 5 or 6 bds. Sonoma Co "vast" extensive tracts of Typha & Salicornia noted on E bank upper R covering much flat land on north outskirts of Vallejo to west of highway #29. Possible continuity with fresh H2O habitat such as Lake Chabot Sonoma Co salt marsh mouth Petaluma Creek Collected on side of Petaluma Creek opposite
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Marshall, 1946 13. Sammelis Melospiza melodia Sept Sonoma Co. north Petaluma Creek. 14-22 (north-east of) Grandview (Black Point Station) on the east end of bridge of highway #37 across Petaluma Creek. Petaluma slough here has area of rich Salicornia & submerged 3 angled Scripus (low) & other saltgrass, Then a levee with much Baccharis gilularis. Song Sparrows forage, sing & spend time in Salicornia & occasionally come up to Baccharis when squeaked at. Very abundant. All in fresh fall plumage. 5-6 mi S Shellville, Sonoma Co noted on bay side of highway #37, vast rich tracts of Salicornia & Tules. Magillaris Contra Costa Co Tule & Bullrush marshes wide and appear continuous from 1 mile or so West of Martinez east all the way to Antioch, where they end abruptly, due to steep river banks at that point. West of Martinez, there is continuity with upland habitat on the wooded hills there with moist north-facing slopes which rise out of the marshes. Marshes especially extensive around Avon, where a tremendous population exists. Tried to collect in extensive tule area west of Antioch, but found it dry, & SS absent (head along sloughs only). Mallard slough 2 1/2 mi W Pittsburg drove toward bay from highway #4-24 to a water company pumping station.
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia Sept Magillaris, Contra Costa Co, 2 1/2 mi W Pittsburg, (Calif.) From here north ran a levee covered with Baccharis pilularis & extensive Rose thickets. On sides of levee were tracts of Typha, some rich Salicornia, a few willows, and tracts of Scirpus californicus? Song sparrows avoided Salicornia and Rose Thickets which (latter) appear too dense & dark. Were abundant in Typha & Scirpus. Some juveniles seen. Magillaris appears to differ markedly from pusillula & sarmelis in that it does not forage in Salicornia but stays in the Tulles & [Grimdelia] as at Southampton even tho these bordered by extensive areas of Salicornia. Solano Co, Cordelia Slough. Collected on Cordelia Slough at a point where it comes within 100 yds of highway 21, about 9 mi N Benicia. Here was an extensive tidal growth & 3-angled Scirpus with no home for low [illegible] Song Sparrows then a slough bordered by Scirpus californicus & Typha with occasional tall weeds, rose & poison oak thickets. S.S. restricted to Typha & Scirpus when abundant. Many juveniles and partly molted birds seen and collected. Ran into whole (family?) group groups of juveniles. Some molting birds have grey cast apparently from fragmenting follicles.
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia Sept. 14-22 Majillaris, Solano Co, Southampton Bay salt marsh Collected at 2 pts in the marsh. 1st at east side or edge of bay, bad tidal, salicornia too low for SS which occured only in tall Scirpus californicus and Typha. Not numerous. 2 birds taken - only on plumage. None in extensive tract 3-angled low Scirpus. 2nd pt: at north end of marsh near diking & near a dump where deep Salicornia cut by sloughs bordered by tall thickets Quindelia and some Baccharis. Some tules in the sloughs. SS abundant but only in these last 3 plants - did forage in mud under overhanging banks of sloughs as they do in Marin Co (samuelis) and pusillata (Bay Tom). Did not forage in Salicornia. All birds fully molted. Pusillula Alameda Co San Leandro Bay salt marsh. Collected on north side of Hegenberger Rd opposite point where joined by "Road No. 1". Song Sparrows abundant. One pure juvenile seen. Habitat mainly lupuriant tall, Salicornia in which birds foraged - also under overhanging mud banks & sloughs. From these forage areas, birds would congregate in loose groups in large Baccharis pilularis and quindelia thickets on slightly higher ground. All 10 birds collected were fully molted. Forage by drop to flying to slough bank, or to Quindelia where light than stand.
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Marshall, 1946 Melospiza melodia Pssillula Sept 14-22 San Mateo Co Ravenswood Point. Collected on west end of Dumbarton Bridge. Most birds shot from fence or Baccharis or grindelia bushes along bridge approach. However, the normal habitat was in the grindeleia which lined the little sloughs causing thus the extensive areas of moderately developed Salicornia as at Gallinas C., Corte Madera C. Richlindon Bay San Leandro Bay, the birds forage by flying to a grindelie bush, hopping down thru the brush to the ground, then working mouse-like thru the dense Salicornia for as much as 25-30 yards i.e.- a bird will be flushed from some Salicornia far from the grindelia brush where it started . This is in contrast to Petaluma Creek where Salicornia is 2 or more ft high & serves as an all- aroud habitat. Also contrasted to all Smisan Bay marshes where birds forage at bases of Tules or wet ground or grindelia on dry ground but not in Salicornia . In other words, in Salicornia- grindeliea marshes, in range of Samuels & Pssillule, the " serve as important starting place for song & call perches. +*+ * Elsewhere in San Mateo Co: great reduction of S. San Francisco salt marsh by Airport. A small pet patch of Salicornia & Tupsia north of S.S.F. with a few birds in Typha only!
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* Marshall, 1947 Note: for "Scirpus microcarpus" read Scirpus californicus all thru these 17 notes. Melospiza melodia Jim. July 23/45 Mar 29 Pindie salt marsh, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Several (3) early morning censuses made - see accompanying map. Rodeo Creek, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Windy, cloudy some rain no song sparrows heard in millions along creek. See Marshall & Carguinez quadrangles This map 5 mi. wide Pinole salt marsh Rodeo SPRR main highway Rideo Creek little typha marsh here no song sp. at This point a large fill SS here Some willows left here willows used to go clear to tracks along creek no cut down & plowed. willows still here good habitat. SRFRR creek here in deep gulley providing habitat 50-100 yds wide with willows, Baccharis, etc. Pindie Pinole Creek April 11 Southampton Bay, Solano Co., Calif. ( & Napa Co. Calif.) Count of singing S's made - covered half of marsh (see accompanying map), up to start of grindeia. In lower (S) half, ss restricted to Scirpus along bay front & narrow scirpus along sloughs. Not in Salicornia. Later went to north Carneros Cr. (Cutting wharf) SS go only 100 yds up marsh when there is Salicornia farther up is Baccharis. Saw white-tailed kite. Bull'd. Looks like ba Baccharis habitat only around edge.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia March 29, 1947 Pinole Salt Marsh contra costa Co., Calif. A 1st Count sang2 sang twice sang 3 times in 20 min 5:55 - 6:15 cloudy, short-eared owl present. little singing about 16 birds between station & S. end ♂'s singing only about 10 min 2nd Count. This count made 20 min from 6:25 - 6:45AM Santa Fe S #5 ♂ singing 50 yds E down stream willow ♂<---> 4 birds, 2 singing in 300 yds. willow ♂ [illegible] in land points wines of valley & [illegible] 18.
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19. April 11, 1947 Southampton Bay Solano Co., Calif. 11:30 AM B None visible on N of highway clear, calm, hot. Scirpus along all sloughs in lower half, 2-5 yds wide also solid on front of bay shown by dotted line = boundary between Scirpus & Salicornia finished here at about 1 PM hill Singing J's no grindelia Grindelia along sloughs much less Scirpus Gallicinia Airport Nov found in Benicia except in possibly in salt marsh & Benicia Ferry. deep Salicornia Salicornia that Salicornia power lines Scirpus flexitilis & californica all stopped singing weeds 1st & 1 I started here Scirpus Fourcroya
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Marshall, 1947 20. Phelopsiza April 11 Sonoma Creek north, Sonoma Co., Calif. Stopped at Sonoma creek on road from Napa past Schellville. Willows & Typha & weeds along creek all tho heavily grazed. Last willows 200 yds S of road. 4 song sparrows seen - large & brown. Must be last birds before salt habitat. April 12-19 San Pablo marsh Contra Costa Co., Calif. See accompanying maps. All made by fast travel & noted singing E's or birds flushed. Also noted: 3 F's & 2 F marsh hawks; F's brooding; Mallards (nesting) rails (Clapper); tule Wrens - carrying nest material, Savannah Sparrows in short Salicornia & grass; Red wings in Typha. Maps show large pop. as in last willows of both Wildcat & San Pablo creeks; these being continuous over 200 yds or so thus a single series of pairs to large pop in gruidelia, salicornia, Spartina. Good junction of 2 racial habitats. April 18 Weed Island N., Solano Co., Calif. Song Sparrows abundant in Scirpus but absent from baccharis. Some perch & sing from edge of baccharis only; fly back to "tule." Not in Salicornia here, which is not extensive. Coll. 3 with sling - 3565, 3566, 3567.
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April 12, 1947 San Pablo marsh Contra Costa Co Caly. C mouth Wildcat Creek ( head 13) is in willows from road to end willows at west. 100 yds W then I in weeds & 1 in Salicornia & slough in hearing of last willow of I, last ♂ in willows. Fence grasses weeds ♂ gross Solid Salicornia deep 1-2' tule song sparrows would by abundant all around here if it werent for the oil. short salicornia & bare ground & Bermuda grass 6" 300 yds to first Spartina edge of Spartina Spartinia & salicornia-lined sloughs no birds out here; sloughs only.
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copy Marshall, 1947 I. San Pablo marsh, Contra Costa, Calif. April 13 7 AM clear from rough sketch for N part Spartina at this season is dead & brown. New green stuff about 1 foot high now-concealed. Salicornia is green Grindelia is in leaf. Salicornia does not grow on banks of sloughs here ; is thus : [Note (1987) : For orientation of this map, please see page 33 and page 133
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Marshall, 1947 II N Sutlalo marsh April 13 U from rough sketch for N part copy 23 2 fighting here alarm different pair
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copy Marshall 1937 III San Pablo marsh, April 13 N from rough sketch for N part 24.
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"San Pablo River" April 13 "in boat" for rough sketch
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Marshall, 1947 V San Pablo marsh April 13, 1947 9:15 - 9:30 AM from sketch of N part of W slough only pain pain pain pain pain pain pain pain
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"from sketch of N part of M cloud base" "Sam Rible patrol April 13, 1945 D:15-D:30AM"
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Marshall, 1947 VI San Pablo marsh April 14 7AM high tide :. birds not so close to sloughs (from rough sketch accurate only for N part) Wh Hawk 3 eggs , Marsh Hawk Mallard 10 eggs , Mallard
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[illegible]
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M Marshall, 1947 VII-VIII from accurate double sized maps San Pablo marsh April 15 5:40-6:55 PM Dusk at 6:55 still singing but under cover- can't see them nor tell direction precisely are close to ground South wind, clear low tide Mallard 11 eggs & away feeding egg covered with thick layer of feathers very warm.
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12:40-655 PM April 12 71 large [illegible] appell landlady pinked piece of thin henna app out of fo apol stult new par
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oppy from accurate maps ) Marshall, 1947 IX-X San Pablo marsh. April 16 7-8:30 AM clear, cold, south wind medium tide 29.
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"[illegible]" MA 058-1
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Marshall, 1947 Santalo Marsh Contra Costa Co., Calif April 18, 1947 7:15-10AM Tide out-coming in warm, clear, calm 6 seen one (30) wheeze pain here alarm 2 pairs here alarm same time This area covered Twice young? 10, 10 fight fighting Mack Hand 4 eggs now sitting alone flight song then both over to Quindelia Maland 11 eggs Apr 15
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March 1947 San Pablo marsh April XII 5:50-6:30 AM sun just up) Clear, calm tide out Rails all calling April 19 Rail alarm last pair tsip alarm ?? same ?? 31. N < 20 30 yds wide
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1/2 X length 50' x 30' MA you may want also needs a shirt the flash pulls Aling [illegible] slow sky of
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Marshall, 1947 San Pablo marsh combined data for birds at border of Salicornia - Spartina extreme S end of plot for April 15-19, 1947 32. Apr 18 O Apr 18 Apr 18 O Apr 15- Apr 19 Apr 16 12
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{ "text": "56\n\n[illegible]\n\nPI, PI - PI target\n\n[illegible] to clear of stale airframes\n\n[illegible] - cancelled & removed\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB\n\nPI mAB [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]
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Marshall, 1947 Bay Sample Plot San Pablo marsh Contra Costa Co., Calif. April 13-19 1mm = 2 1/2 yds per half culture of April 15-18 upper half= culture of Apr. 15-18 '4
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[illegible] [illegible] [illegible] [illegible]
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San Pablo marsh XIII April 19, 1947 [N] green Baccharis Spartina on banks Salicornia and 100 yds wide Grindelia 375 200 300 400 board walk 450 34. dump 300 250 Javannah Sparrow? -200 100 150 Marsh Hawk alarm another nest? 500 600 475 pure Spartina 650 [illegible] after After the survey or next page, I drove to Richmond Hills (S end) founded a mound of SS habitat on wet grid in N/E facing lower slopes still OK. Much Juncus, tall grass, teal, baccharis & SS numerous. 1 of SS numerous Some family of juveniles seen tails 1/2 grown out No Salicornia habitat remains. "slough S side Richmond" (Slough S side Richmond) still exists as shown on back!
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"Slough S side Richmond" Old "Cerito" Salicaria pan gate to one of yards sali salicina eucalyptus grove Steg continues with Steg salicina
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XIV San Pablo marsh April 19, 1947 7:15 - 7:45 35. Z-> San Pablo Bay Bay another Marsh Hawk slough board walk 600 650 500 stump 400 number edge of Spartina 300 edge of Salicornia 100 yds wide burned area edge Salicornia 200 Baccharis some no Grindelia nor Salicornia Green Baccharis pond privy 1st willows willow thicket heavy 350 Typha 400 Redwings Typha 500 458 Gate 216 edge Salicornia weeds, grass etc. San Pablo Creek broad way m heavry Typha 100 370 1st fall willow bamboo 1st Typha & round Scirpus parsley, etc. and Salicornia fresh water flowing edge of Salicornia 200 150 100 ! 100 Marsh Hawk frightened birds no singing ♂ ♀ Marsh Hawkes old ♂ coll. ♀ ♀ on Hegge (8) [with slingshot - sorry]
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Marshall, 1947 San Leandro Bay 36. Melospiza April 20 North San Leandro Creek, Alameda Co. Calif. About noon clear warm calm Traced from street map of Oakland Airport Salt Marsh SS abundant SF Bay Salt Marsh SS abundant 98th Ave fules * some willow San Leandro Creek Willows Davis 1 mile Hocks like a contin population from Willows to Salt Marsh El Paso Dr. Willows SS probably common in willows here Hegenberger Rd. Marrs SS abundant Baccharis, Salicornia along banks of slough 89th Ave Empire Rd 100 yds (col) 10 birds here in Sept '46 dop Baccharis bushes 300 ft yds from road Jenes Ave Elys Ave
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Mileage 12 to 15 miles from the center of Calip. About 40 acres now sold. and land purchased by [illegible] [illegible] and cloud as (in) [illegible] left her and not the 2000. reproduced by [illegible] of land. [illegible] 1 mile [illegible] likes a center of Calip now and follows to salt river.
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pusillula very scattered Bary 950 hill w Baccharis poor habitat Roberts landing Spartina Salicornia Salicornia shallow bank 800 slough with cover Salicornia & Spartina 800 bank 37. windy Marshall, 1947 Melopiza grazed April 20 model San Lorenzo Creek fence Alameda Co., Calif. cold windy 540 power lines cloudy. Could score up only about 3 birds in salt marsh. San Lorenzo Creek Alameda Co., Calif no cover 500 400 fence April 20, 1947 gate Could find none in thick Salicornia south along coast & in sloughs. 25 300 dam willows RR San Lorenzo Creek 175 200 100yds?
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{ "text": "gualk\nScottish\nfor habitat\n\nW\nW\n240579\n\nW\nS\nW\nW\nS\nW\n\nS\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]
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Marshall, 1947 Mulo-piza Alameda Apr 20th San Leandro Creek, Alameda Co., Calif. 3 PM windy, cold, cloudy. Very extensive tracts of willow, typha, etc on NE side Alvarado, but creek & growth do not get across highway to west except for one dried up tract of willows. Creek is drained elsewhere, apparently to N where a large shallow pot sighted with bare ground around it. Old bed of creek now a little salicornia slough. Across road from it is a ditch with Typha & brown song sparrows common. At Mr. Best's house on N bank of slough Alameda 1 mi W Alvarado there are song sparrows in his garden. The slough is wide here & represents the original mouth of Alameda creek where the willows used to grow. old S bank is now very high & supports stand Conium of foeniculum & weeds with many song sparrows. Not seen in lush salicornia itself. StanBrats used to come up as far as Best's house. [Diagram] 2 seen in salicornia willows on 3 old stream bed J = seen May 29 Coll 4 birds from 1 mi N Alvarado in willows, typha, weeds.
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Marshall, 1947 April 26 6:30AM to 8:00 AM Melospiza mouth San Leandro Creek, Alameda Co. Calif. cloudy, cold, calm. male's all singing birds abundant Some singing in planted shrubbery around airport. Fresh-water plants: Typha Acer negundo Conium maculosum Artemesia vulgaris Rubus vitifolius Populus fremontii Salix 1st large patches Conium (brown) in Conium 500 willow 680 brown & white This pair - foraged together in mud among Typha very brown have bob-tailed juvs. out I dirty white Typha sm. patch white blackberry on bank Box Elder = Maple? now contin. trees Singing stopped along in here looks like the birds are scarcer under the 50' trees than in the open. 23+ males in 1500 yards = 1 male every 65 yards of creek 4 data map made in field 39. Salicornia Baccharis Grindelia Hegenberger very black large patch of Salicornia Last Baccharis 1 very brown 5 willows growing high on bank pile of boxes 40yd flight end of Salicornia last extensive muddy banks flat for sandpipers etc. white, dirty tic white heavy, black Artemesia on banks carrying food tic tic sm patch Typha Fic willow looks yellow. willow very yellow q? with reduced black prominent mate is white o? willow 3on stream brown sides of crown white scratch in mud w both feet typha big patch tic tic one yellowish bird alarm white heavy Typha parsley, glass, etch no more typha 600 back yards white & brown 750 poplar slightly fast water here heard R-b Thrush yellowish white alarm, carrying willow about 950 yds cathkins; pursued by female cowbird habitat about 50yds wide here 65 335/1500 = .22 .20
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Marshall, 1947 April 26 April 26 North San Leandro Creek Alameda Co Calif - width 1 cm = 100 yds home map width of creek & creek bank greatly exaggerated. Muskogee 40. Hegenberger Road B B grindelia Salicornia last Baccharis -100 plowed field -200 field grindelia -300 5 Willows high on bank plowed -400 -500 -600 Box Elder, etc along roadside ditch Conium Typha W W end of grindelia Blackberry plowed fields Box Elder and willow gardens of homes -700 -800 -900 -1000 P Box Elder very tall trees 30-50' Artemisia W tall W fall weeds Juncus & tall grass -1100 -1200 -1300 very tall trees -1400 -1500 yds
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{ "text": "July 1960\n\nScale: 25\" = 1 mile. North is towards top.\n\nMap of creek & park quantity survey\n\nHedonwood Road\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[ [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]
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{ "text": "Marshall, 1947\n& data\nmap, made in field '41.\nMolopspiza\nApril 26 Mouth San Leandro Cr. , Alameda Co., Calif\nstopped singing\nsalt grass (som) + Salicornia\nwhite\nvery yellow\nSalicornia\noften deep - no birds\njuv\n100 yds\nalarm\nGrindelia\nCenium\ngrass\nHegenberger Rd.\nSalt water Plants:\n(Baccharis - high ground)\nGrindelia\nSalicornia\n7 pairs in 400 yds\n57 yds/pair\nof slough on 5.\nboth sides\nBaccharis\n8 in 500 yds\n62 yds/pair\n``` ```json\n{\"text\": \"Marshall, 1947\\n& data\\nmap, made in field '41.\\nMolopspiza\\nApril 26 Mouth San Leandro Cr. , Alameda Co., Calif\\nstopped singing\\nsalt grass (som) + Salicornia\\nwhite\\nvery yellow\\nSalicornia\\noflen deep - no birds\\njuv\\n100 yds\\nalarm\\nGrindelia\\nCenium\\ngrass\\nHegenberger Rd.\\nSalt water Plants:\\n(Baccharis - high ground)\\nGrindelia\\nSalicornia\\n7 pairs in 400 yds\\n57 yds/pair\\nof slough on 5.\\nboth sides\\nBaccharis\\n8 in 500 yds\\n62 yds/pair\"}``` ```json\n{\n \"text\": \"Marshall, 1947\\n& data\\nmap, made in field '41.\\nMolopspiza\\nApril 26 Mouth San Leandro Cr. , Alameda Co., Calif\\nstopped singing\\nsalt grass (som) + Salicornia\\nwhite\\nvery yellow\\nSalicornia\\noflen deep - no birds\\njuv\\n100 yds\\nalarm\\nGrindelia\\nCenium\\ngrass\\nHegenberger Rd.\\nSalt water Plants:\\n(Baccharis - high ground)\\nGrindelia\\nSalicornia\\n7 pairs in 400 yds\\n57 yds/pair\\nof slough on 5.\\nboth sides\\nBaccharis\\n8 in 500 yds\\n62 yds/pair\"\n}\n```json\n{\n \"text\": \"Marshall, 1947\\n& data\\nmap, made in field '41.\\nMolopspiza\\nApril 26 Mouth San Leandro Cr. , Alameda Co., Calif\\nstopped singing\\nsalt grass (som) + Salicornia\\nwhite\\nvery yellow\\nSalicornia\\noflen deep - no birds\\njuv\\n100 yds\\nalarm\\nGrindelia\\nCenium\\ngrass\\nHegenberger Rd.\\nSalt water Plants:\\n(Baccharis - high ground)\\nGrindelia\\nSalicornia\\n7 pairs in 400 yds\\n57 yds/pair\\nof slough on 5.\\nboth sides\\nBaccharis\\n8 in 500 yds\\n62 yds/pair\"\n}\n```json\n{\n \"text\": \"Marshall, 1947\\n& data\\nmap, made in field '41.\\nMolopspiza\\nApril 26 Mouth San Leandro Cr. , Alameda Co., Calif\\nstopped singing\\nsalt grass (som) + Salicornia\\nwhite\\nvery yellow\\nSalicornia\\noflen deep - no birds\\njuv\\n100 yds\\nalarm\\nGrindelia\\nCenium\\ngrass\\nHegenberger Rd.\\nSalt water Plants:\\n(Baccharis - high ground)\\nGrindelia\\nSalicornia\\n7 pairs in 400 yds\\n57 yds/pair\\nof slough on 5.\\nboth sides\\nBaccharis\\n8 in 500 yds\\n62 yds/pair\"\n}\n```json\n{\n \"text\": \"Marshall, 1947\\n& data\\nmap, made in field '41.\\nMolopspiza\\nApril 26 Mouth San Leandro Cr. , Alameda Co., Calif\\nstopped singing\\nsalt grass (som) + Salicornia\\nwhite\\nvery yellow\\nSalicornia\\noflen deep - no birds\\njuv\\n100 yds\\nalarm\\nGrindelia\\nCenium\\ngrass\\nHegenberger Rd.\\nSalt water Plants:\\n(Baccharis - high ground)\\nGrindelia\\nSalicornia\\n7 pairs in 400 yds\\n57 yds/pair\\nof slough on 5.\\nboth sides\\nBaccharis\\n8 in 500 yds\\n62 yds/pair\"\n}\n```json\n{\n \"text\": \"Marshall, 1947\\n& data\\nmap, made in field '41.\\nMolopspiza\\nApril 26 Mouth San Leandro Cr. , Alameda Co., Calif\\nstopped singing\\nsalt grass (som) + Salicornia\\nwhite\\nvery yellow\\nSalicornia\\noflen deep - no birds\\njuv\\n100 yds\\nalarm\\nGrindelia\\nCenium\\ngrass\\nHegenberger Rd.\\nSalt water Plants:\\n(Baccharis - high ground)\\nGrindelia\\nSalicornia\\n7 pairs in 400 yds\\n57 yds/pair\\nof slough on 5.\\nboth sides\\nBaccharis\\n8 in 500 yds\\n62 yds/pair\"\n}\n```json\n{\n \"text\": \"Marshall, 1947\\n& data\\nmap, made in field '41.\\nMolopspiza\\nApril 26 Mouth San Leandro Cr. , Alameda Co., Calif\\nstopped singing\\nsalt grass (som) + Salicornia\\nwhite\\nvery yellow\\nSalicornia\\noflen deep - no birds\\njuv\\n100 yds\\nalarm\\nGrindelia\\nCenium\\ngrass\\nHegenberger Rd.\\nSalt water Plants:\\n(Baccharis - high ground)\\nGrindelia\\nSalicornia\\n7 pairs in 400 yds\\n57 yds/pair\\nof slough on 5.\\nboth sides\\nBaccharis\\n [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]
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Marshall, 1947 Meksopiza [27] April 26 north Green Valley Creek, Solano Co., Calif. 1 cm = 100 yds 5:30-6:30 AM cold cloudy windy Big gyp & grazed from here on oak willow rose all grazed willow scrub, artemisia poison oak oak buckeye rose along fence w, oaks, oaks poison oak below oaks willows rose below low typha tall grass below open underneath few very low willow Foeniculum etc rose thickets no cover grass duncus nettle Typhal BM18 sm Typha Typha duncus round Scirpus S. acutus? juncus or grass shipe Coot Creek 20' wide here pr Cinnamon Teal duncus. W rose orchard rose grass typha green Heron keeowk 6 ft. wide W Artemisia Tall grass Foeniculum oak rose Artemisia willows weeds dock Rose Willows Hill tall willows 30-40' Poison oak blackberry Artensia weeds dock Green Valley Creek
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Marshall 1947 Mulespiza April 27, Cordelia, Solano Co., Calif. 7:45 - 8:45 very cold & windy 43. H. 11 green Valley Creek Scirpus actus trees gap weeds & grass pasture slough pasture start of △ Scirpus olneyi Typha dumetorum all Scirpus last round Scirpus road cinnamon all Scirpus both species gap of △Scirpus bank slough △ Scirpus burnt salt & grass tall O Scirpus all around S. actus power line road △ Scirpus low round Scirpus S. actus RS c graze A Se graze creek grass S. olneyi short △ Scirpus fight round 00 △ 85 △ 350 yds. round all △ Scirpus about 150yds Rose thickets All Scirpus S. olneyi Salt Marsh Habitats showing mouth of Green Valley Creek 1 cm = 100 yds 25 pairs in 1650 yds Scirpus actus cinnamon pr gadwall all grass & Salicornia water Savannah Scirpus Gun Club gap 150 yds
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Marshall, 1947 April 27 Cordelia Meloeipiza Solano Co., Calif. return trip on salt marsh 8:45-9:20 Singing in Mustard round Scirpus Some Salicornia Rose 1370 1285 1240 1200 1160 Round 1620 Round grass A grass road 900 Scirpus microcarpus 5' long rami Only ones seen 775 700 round Scirpus 525 4604 8412 in round 350 Round 300 260 350 yds 280 245 212 175 150 0 both in sm patch round Scirpus acutus 172 Scirpus olneyi Rose Scirpus [Refer to RR "y" on lower right of p. 42. and also connect the two 1400 yard marks on this page 44. Looking South Mustard Rose fence Road Rose Scirpus acutus Rose 170 200 225 Rose 3611 340 yds- 375 water tank 260 water tank 260 Foeniculus 450 1400 W V' S. acutus 44.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza April 27 Cordelia, Suisun Creek, Solano Co., Calif. Worked 5:30 - 11:30 AM Cold, Cloudy, windy Many ss singing but possibly missed some in Δ Scirpus marsh. 1st plotted ss & veg on maps of mouth Cordelia Ck, & Cordelia slough. Birds continuous along stream & onto Scirpus marshes. An interesting Salicornia area noted - individual separated mounds of Salicornia 1" high each tufted & suffused with grass (salt) mostly concealing Salicornia. A habitat for Savannah Sparrows only. Little Hill road Big Hill willows weeds dredged? good habitats? Cordelia Poison Oak, Artemisia water Baccharis & weeds Willows Δ short Scirpus end fields N O Scirpus - N-most extension of Suisun marshes Note at least 5 ♂'s were either singing in or flew out of Salicornia to sing. Not in rich tho dry growth weeds, willows, Baccharis, etc. (fresh-water) - just came to nearest willows to sing - all based in pure salt marsh. Coll 4 ♂' Coll 3 birds, 2 ♂'s 1 ♀ and heard one more ♂ along Suisun Ck shown on mt. Creek dry - only 3 pairs in entire stretch of good willows.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza April 27 Cordelia and mouth Suisun Creek, Solano Co., Calif. Vegetation list: Green Valley Creek (fresh H2O) Salix round Scirpus Junceus Nettle Poison Oak Foeniculum Rose Artemisia vulgaris Blackberry Dock Suisun Creek Buckeye? Salix Fraginus oregonum Foeniculum, Conium Poison Oak Rose Populus Artemisia vulgaris Rubus Acer macrophyllum Cordelia slough Salicornia with Distichlis? Rosa thickets on high banks Triglochin maritima Scirpus O acutus Δ microcarpus A olneyi
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza April 29 San Mateo Co., Calif. Accompanied Wade Fox along west of hills of SF Peninsula. Series of ponds - typha, willow-bordered. Summit supports tremendously dense populations - on very moiste ground; cover is junceus, Baccharis, Heracleum, multitude of other flowers & weeds. More above dense & terr. more overlapping than San Pablo marsh. At SSF salt marsh saw 3 pairs pusillula along 350 yds of slough in very small st marsh relic - being now drained & filled. These birds noticeably small & yellow below, grey above. Not much singing, are in pure salicornia, but still only on edge sloughs when hop or mind of flat edge or banks. Flush from salicornia. Grindelia present but not a factor in SS dist. as is so higher than salicornia & is uncommon & not conspicuous, as was found before at this marsh; SS in pure salicornia, forage under banks, silent largely, fly long distances (100 yds) along sloughs. One pair went into Baccharis briefly on roadside. Do not "squeek out"! Very elusiv & mouselike; got diff all around from conspicuous, singing, fighting SS & hills above. Grindelia is cuneifolia
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April 30, 1947 Mouth San Pablo Creek Contra Costa Co., Calif 28 males heard from road on way back 7:10 - 7:30 AM 1 mile 900 end of willows 870 825 800 Willow, scrub only round Scirpus Artemisia 750 700 alarm 625 600 475 400 Conium 356 300 dock Typha Mallard 250 some round Scirpus 232 200 Canvasback V/ netles V/ Typha 120 100 Conium 6AM all alarm notes, pairs no singing North April 30 mouth San Pablo Creek Contra Costa Co., Calif. 6:00-7:10 AM walked from bridge at edge salt marsh eastward 2050 yds to railroad bridge. Spent 4 period as dawn by Sympeds in following seen alarm notes or pairs unusually calm same flown seen clear sunny calm Singing 1800 Typha boxes 1760 1700 1550 large box elders 1246 All singing 261 1300 Tall trees 180 Box grass, scrubs, elder Boxelder Willows in wild radish Whorelder scrub grass Conium 945 W Typha 900 end willows Mallard, 1947 12:00 Canium Buckeye Artemisia Canium 33 1200 1400 W 1490 trail Blackberry 1600 1800 1900 1960 1980 2000 2050 10 AM 48.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza April 30 mouth San Pablo creek, Contra Costa Co., Calif. See accompanying map for veg & SS. Principal Veg: Buckeye, Salix, Acer negundo, Typha, Corium, (Some nettle, Rubrus, Artemesia, only one Hieraculum seen, wild radish, 2 patches round Scirpus, Dock common,). 7:10-7:30AM Hiked back along road N 11 creek from RR to bridge at edge salt marsh, listening for singing ST's. Dist = 1 mi, passed thru 3 cycles of alternate singing & non-singing groups. At end - 1 or 2 birds - usually if any sing, all in the vicinity sing. not singing some singing not singing all singing not Singing all Singing 7:30 1 mi by road 5 mi 4 mi 7:10 May 3 mouth Patterson Creek, Alameda Co., Calif. (See next page) In Willows - saw Sparrows feeding in foliage high in trees - getting caterpillars apparently.
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Marshall, 1947 50. Molopiza May 2 SE By airplane trip Napa R. 1 mi N- several mi S very narrow habitat but OK for single pairs, Scirpus acutus up to Napa bridge, weeds willows N of there freshwater marsh [continuous Population] Intergrading Scirpus willows Napa * Revisit Carneros Cr. OK junction Willows [No birds in willows] because of succession IN to oaks & Laurels 300-400 yds. Huichica Creek - gap 200-300yds [Gap] [No birds along Creek until Longhurs'ts Ranch due to impermanence of H2O & grazing Sonoma Creek very narrow line of Scirpus after last willow continuous gt. expanses salt marsh where crosses RR to SE . Near mouth- very wide salt marsh- Baccharis only in lines along banks. Conclusions: samuelis contin pop from Gallinas to Vallejo; pucillula contin pop San Mateo to San Lorenzo, somewhat interrupted by salt arcs at Coyote Hills the lds may extend San Leandro Mulford Landing, "Emeryville" along dykes out in bay. Richardson, Cortevadera, SSF, Southampton, Torney, Rinde, Sobrante, Ss Pablo, Stege, "W Berkeley" all isolated.
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Hayward - Willows conn Salicornia w end Hayward Airport mouth San Lorenzo Cr. [gap due to grazing] Salicornia marsh goes inland around Explosives whs. Very narrow gap until marsh at Mulford Landing Then gap to S. arm of San Leandro marsh. Looks like another Cr. to willows edge San Leandro Marsh. Walnut Cr. all different Willows almost to RR [Revisit] Typha marsh upp end willows [Contin habitat & intergrading in plant types gradually of long distance as to at Napa & Sonoma & Novato Creeks] to W, , Scirpus up slough to meet willows. Benicia marsh isolated Martinez marsh gap at bridge to E. from Aron marsh. Junction along w end Martinez marsh.
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Marshall, 1947 Melopiza May 2 SF Bay airplane Trip 57. Mouth Petaluma Cr. E RR bridge 1/2 sq. mi Pure Baccharis. Petaluma Cr - side branch goes almost to Novato - carrying Salicornia - consid. gap 1 mi+ all plants Petaluma marsh very extensive looks like Baccharis, Scirpus Grindelia & Salicornia Mouth San Antonio Cr. 3-4 mi S Petaluma [gap] bunch willows then gap due to grazing} of 400-500 yds. Little cr. SE Petaluma Refanned in good contact the very narrow 39 or 40 no Salicornia Stream very birds too small] Scirpus small.. 100 yd. break at Black Point. Mouth Novato Cr. broad between pure Salicornia, Scirpus on bay edge. Sm break by a stone dyke NE Hamilton Field
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Vallejo Big Typha marsh in Town [No birds - Salicornia at other end [W] (w) due to sewage?] Broad belt Salicornia along [Birds Common shore of Sears Pt. Rd, absolutely only species - 500-600 yd belt - Salicornia & Melospiza ] Big Gap on E bank Napa R N Vallejo These 2 slough gap systems look like fresh water Vallejo
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza May 2 SF Bay airplane trip willows 2 ponds - should look at at my coll locality Gallinas Cr Big bunch Willows sharp junction of 2 different at St Vincent School - 100 yds + [elutedo brid to Salicornia - grinda Cr. has water. in btl] I willow-Typho -> Big Gap at Highway - Gallinas Salicornia Grindela in space of 100 yds] Creek. Pond with willows at dump on S face sm. hill [has a?] Big gap at Cr. N end Hamilton Field brid present Novato Creek - Many willows at all the grazed highway - Salicornia 3/5 mi gradual change habitat - diverse population be OK. Big patch Salicornia on N bank marsh San Rafael Creek broad integratin large pop. Corte Madera - head Super Super in both fresh & [= good connection willows to Salt Marsh.] salt inland all crumel head I marsh] Mill Valley Cr. Willows cut down - now a 200-300 yd gap. Coyote Creek Spotty Willow Used to be road conn. Corte Madera [This is Coyote Creek, Marin Co., not in 1939-40] Santa Clara Co.] [1939 only a few birds along bay side of creek - many on sea coast willow birds at near Richardson's Bay are closer to salt marsh birds than to sea-coast birds)
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fr. H2O marsh SE corner SF then minute salt marsh corn. with narrow line willows *V the SSF ridge SF Airport new highway N May be a few birds or 2 patches Salicornia at S end airport. Isolated Marsh Burlingame [ No birds in salt marsh here - also gap to willows] w. slough main slough W slough
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Marshall, 1947 May 2 E Bay airplaning From San Mateo Point S. big sloughs. Via Race Track beautiful areas of pure Salicornia dark green. Between Belmont & San Carlos. N & S side quarry hill willows joined to Salicornia {big gap actually too narrow habitat for birds along the man-made ditches I} [Big Gap] {No birds due to sewage} Redwood City same deal between the 2 highways; also by Gas Tank gap by highway. Contin salt marsh from San Mateo Pt Dumberton. [to San Mateo Bridge] The "salt marsh" is actually fresh San Francisco typha & big gap to bay Salicornia marsh due to drainage} great willows to big salt marsh Scirpus 2M NW Alviso A Typha marsh several acres - joins {No birds in either due to artificial Salicornia dykes or sewage } {Gradual change from Alviso (Guadalupe River) narrow salt to fresh habitat with interdigitation of habitat - still in fairly natural condition - intergrading involving broad belt of song sparrow pairs. I} [ gap on little creek west of Guadalupe river - due to dykes or grazing ] 53.
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Coyote Creek pretty bare- [too narrow for some Scirpus worth a toy birds - gap of several 100 yds I should coll. again on Willows to see if Pop stabilized to Saturecis should not get yellow birds then] Also Gr. W Coyote Creek flows into Typha marsh. [Typha marsh man-made - all butchered up, but birds there & also in adjacent Salicornia] molly Conim. Ponds isolated S of Power Plants SE of Coyote Hills Another NW Power wks. Dumbarton Road - end Salt marsh going N - but carry along on dykes. best Coyote Hills Crk. Great [broad pop. intergrading just North Patterson G. Alvarado - Should work * visit ditches along RR, I should examine - fresh water bird abundant along these ditch Conium, Typha. A reservoir with Typha & Willows at Mt Eden near edge bay. [should examine]
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza May 3 month Patterson Creek (N & NE sides of Red Hill, Cowote Hills) Alameda Co, Calif. See accompanying map -> White-Tailed Kite (1) Other sp seen: Mallard Marsh Hawk (alarm) Savannah Sparrows Clapper Rail Red-tail ! Linnet Tule Wren Sparrow Hawk 1 Redwing Yellowthroat Vultures Vegetation: Salt: Salicornia Grindelia cuneifolia Spartina foliosa Fresh: Salix Conium maculorum Intermediate! a) high ground Avena Baccharis Mustard Dork Wheat Sm patch S. acutus b. low ground Scirpus cangestrii typha S. acutus Salicornia It looks as though last year, tide was not shut off at the lake, And the present Salicornia & dead S.campestriis would have had more birds - still would be an intermediate habitat however. Of interest is distn. of Savannah Sparrow - inseparable from SS in salt marsh - in intermediate area was in grass, not tall Comu, etc. More than SS in Salicornia, less in Grindelia.
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{ "text": "mouth Patterson Cr. 4 Coyote Hill Crk.\nMarshall, 1947\n55-\nMelospiza,\nMay 3\nmouth Patterson Creek,\nAlameda Co. Calif.\nwilows of\n2nd creek\nslough weedy bank\n6:45\ndry wash\nSalicornia\nwet tidal\ndocks\n50 bank top\n500\nSpartina here in wet sloughs\ngrass on top of bank, Then dock, Conium\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\nwater flow\n5.5\n525\n400\n380\n15-\nwhite\nfight\nScirpus here in dry sloughs\nreal yellow\ndock & Conium\ndry gulley\nGrasses hill\nSalicornia\ndocks weeds\nwhite\n65\n [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]
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{ "text": "Marshall, 1947\n56.\nMelospiza\nMay 3, North Patterson Creek Alameda Co. Calif.\nslender yellow+gray 575\nlong flight 3 sparrow?\nSandhill 3 sparrow?\ngreat tract of grindelia\nhill\nRail 550\nyellow\nSalix grass\nSpartina\n410\n425\nup into channel\n\n\n360\nspartina\ngrindelia\ngrass & Salix\n\n\n315\n\n\n257\n\n\n\n*This pair striking\nbig fluffed out brown & white\nf tiny slim bright yellow &\ntan back\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza May 3 mouth Patterson Creek, Alameda Co., Calif. The fence shown is end of area 2 censured in field. I then call 4 in grindeia at north & noted so many birds there that I run add this as a memory or guess work supplement to show how much more abundant the birds are in the extensive grindeia at mouth compared to their scarcity along 600 yds of clough with Salicornia & very little grindeia covered on field census. At the lock - a ♂ SS & ♀ Savannah Sparrow perched for 15-20 min. in same bush preening - after bathing. Both had identical alarm note of "trip"; neither paid any attention to the other. Then were about 10 Savannas in the Salicornia surveyed in place where only 4 SS counting many in grass along hill less in grindeia.
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Marshall 1947 May 7 6:30AM big slough 7:00AM Belmont, San Mateo Co. Calif. calm cloudy. "Pickle Plant" or legume? only (♂ head) in willow 1000 yards from Bay Highway Serrate Grindelia dried up Salicornia marsh no sparrow 3-4 ft wide low Salicornia 125 typka 100 typka willow bush typka artemisia low willow low grass & sedgesome dark standing water all along 50 dry typka 100 water flowing tall willows bridge then no more habitat willow in town rubus w. willows 21l artemisia 250 water 345 road
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about 100 yds per pair. Note: Savanna Sparrows coexistent with Song Sp. but go up on banks - run along dry ground etc. about = nos. Seen in Spartina also. feeding also go under Salicornia Willow Hill grass & dried up Salicornia wind willows Willow pelican birds lake Typha would one have been a good junction at 3 willow patches
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May 7 Redwood City San Mateo Co. Caly. big slough with mud banks, spartina, grindelia & salicornia goes right into middle of town, passing gas tank. To filthy, no birds. One heard singing near gas tank but was apparently from garden across street. In middle of town hit willows. Would have been an excellent continuing for song sparrows one if wellenok I didn't look at them - houses & streets everywhere. I covered the slough between Bayline & Ditmer Highway. Heard birds in Redwood City yards. Creek north of Redwood City - No good. 1 pair in willows then 500 or more yds to marsh - couldn't find birds on inside of highway - good small marsh on Bay side in 3-50 yds - rich grindelia, salicornia with some saltgrass spartina along banks - saw possibly one bird. ?? why no more? now singing.
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Marshall, 1947 60. McSprija May 9 Peninsula trip with Jno. Drove along Coast Highway to Halfmoon Bay then over to Palo Alto. Hills fronting (immediately) the ocean seem to be drier here than Marin Co., get Artemisia californica & little Geraditium & few song Sparrows in such a place as Hill N Montara. But on the crest, where fog is caught, gigantic chaparral- willows tall (20') Geonthus, etc ferns - must have contin.. SS population. The (going inland) apparently contin. SS in moist undergrowth & Redwood, then oak- madrone down bay slope, then finally rests to willows along streams by time reach flat oak-grassland. This is all conjectural [RIGHT] Heard Hermit Thrush, & Purple Martins in Redwoods of Summit Skyline Blvd. May 11 north Walnut Creek, Contra Costa Co., Calif.- sunny clear calm, 5:30-7:30 AM. Got as far as 1700 000 mark on Pacheco Creek, Carguinez [] This survey of particular interest because stream was denuded of veg. in 1939 which made all the way gap between Highway 4 & the RR. Now a contin pop. but very shinggy at RR vicinity. The rest of Pacheco to bay must be about same as what I covered - all unnatural with banks, etc.
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Marshall, (1947 61. May 11, Mouth Walnut Melospiza 5:30 AM-Creek, Contra Costa Co. Calif. N Scirpus avertus & typha last willows last willows 1700 last willows 1600 1400 1200 1100 1000 Typha all along bank-wid 800 950 1000 850 700 750 700 650 562 500 430 375 357 400 + junc scirpus avertus & typha mostly willows 15 ft. 150 100 highway #4 Kast, "12 yds w do
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza May 11 month Walnut Creek Contra Costa Co. Calif. 62. Hill Typha Thistles 1000 alarm food calls 3 Rose 1000 Typha 3000 2975 Typha 2400 N 1800 ooney Scirpus a Typha No ooney Tidal 2500 duey due too 2700 Scirpus & Typha Hill 3600 new Scirpus Common Baccharis Antennaria Typha San Willow Antennaria 1400 2400 Scirpus microcarpus & acutus how continues some ooney p 1 Baccharis small Typha 2300 Scirpus in isolated patches S. olneyi 3-4' S. acutus 2200 No more Typha W 2090 2100 Juncus ooney 3rd leaf Typha very rare. Antennaria S microcarpus S. acutus Willow reeds Typha S microcarpus 1960 start of S. olneyi Typha 1550 31900 Willow 1679 narrow (8' wide) Typha & Scirpus acutus spotty patches Antennaria some willow shrub 1800 willow shrub last willows dry 1700
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Marshall, 1947 Melopiz 63. May 11 month Walnut Creek, Contra Costa Co., Calif. scattered Baccharis Typha 4700 B B solid Rose 4500 a few ft grass between B & Spring little shrubs subcanine thistle grass & sparse Salicornia Bank 4400 4300 S auctum Rose 4200 solid Baccharis Typha B 4100 Power Line new Scripus 4000 Typha Baccharis B twisted Thistle Rose 3800 Rice (in Marshland) -3700 Hill wide belt of Scrubbing high solid grazing solid Typha march Typha Solid Typha # dry 3600 thistles 3500 Rose, Foenumh 3403 thistle Rose thistle 3300
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64. Continued May 1 north Walnut Creek, Contra Costa Co., Caly. Toward Arion 7:30 AM Scatthud B. & Rose 5 a.m. Power Line 7:30 AM Scottland B. & Rose 6700 9700 21 8 8 8 8 8 5000 4000 4500 6000 5000 3000 2000 1000 Mader hill [illegible] [illegible]
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza Mon 13th south San Francisquito Creek, Santa Clara Co., Calif. 7:30-8:00 AM calm, cloudy N approx. last willows, elder etc. very narrow salicornia no birds high bank high bank typha marsh many birds saw 3 close- Brown backed white belled large. Palo Alto Airport Typha! Salicornia, not tidal, stagnant sloughs no birds not conn. to main bay None of this is natural - Typha marsh has tiny dint salicornia around it - all is a dirt dumping place. 2 mi W Alviso, Santa Clara Co., Calif. a typha marsh artificial standing fresh water to wet of garbage dump. No song sparrows. Only about 1 acre of Typha not dense. The bay shore here has 2 great banks with stagnant slough between - this goes for miles, 3/4 mile out (N) is original salicornia etc salt marsh. So on the edge of bay here is no fishing habitat (Salicornia narrow ample rye wide @ no tidal flow) - SS carry around off shore on the Cortin island near to Alviso. Alviso, Santa Clara Co. Calif. Town is entirely surrounded by cortin pop SS in Salicornia-Spartia marsh, gerdelia on south side. On west
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza 66. (1 burning out) May 12 Alviso Santa Clara Co. Calif. alviso slough (.5m south from turn) was gap of 1100 yds where slough goes then pastern, and has only 3-8 ft. saliniine on overhanging banks - is tidal bar, however. lacks grundlee. See quadrangle for vegetation willow at 900yds, S. Row thicklt 950. On south side bridge over hwy 9, is dense s. acutus with at least 1 ss & Restrictions of willows from low s makes some small detached populations. Grudaluge River - for seg see WD map. SS found everywhere along it - saliniine -> Cominus, Botachuis, -> willows. Good Contina population. Willows cut down in one area but ss in orchard & Comin. alviso -> Coyote Creek See quadrangle. No ss in the Typha marsh of an acre or so (with many ducks, dorithus, par black-necked stilte) Note 2 patches of willows - if any SS then would be very small detached populations. But detached very far from [illegible] Creek, however.
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Marshall, 1947 May 14 Colosso, Santa Clara Co., Calif. 6:00 - 7:40 AM Map #1 1cm = 100 yds. 67. Guadalupe River Salicornia guadalupe Spartina guindelia spartina salsola? Salicornia grindelia spartina spartina juncus Spartina yellow Roe big Eucalyptus from five m- big willows cut but many medium willows, heavy blackberry, autumnweed prairie oak, cordulea etc. great mats dry 1/4 mile 1000 salsola? spartina Spartina spartina clump of spartina grindelia juncus 60ft 25 yds 150 yds Spartina Spartina dry elder blackberry Sarcanty Sarcanta w standing water at least 2 pairs willow Scirpus? pond oach grindelia yellow elder Salicornia juncus Can have Tidal marshy woods slopes a little Sarcanto corn weeds blackberry Anolis Felle and Salicornia 270 yds E RAW
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza 68. May 14 Avon, Santa Clara Co., Caly. Avon Many birds here Guadalupe River salt grass and grass (1 jwr yellow) Grindelia 2 jwr white 3 O Grindelia 4 5 weeds G 5 5 y Grindelia 6 O y 7 O = small Salicornia 8 5 Spartina 9 O 10 5 11 O Grindelia 12 O " 13 O w 14 5 w Salicornia 15 5 w " 16 O 17 5 big brown white {all together on bank - Salicornia 18 5 19 5 W.illow 20 O pair + several juv Conium 21 O 22 O yellow } Conium 23 5 24 5 } threat-close in orchard tree 25 5 26 5 Salicornia 27 5 yellow 28 O Salicornia 29 5 " & Grindelia 30 5 brush pile 31 O ? Salicornia (32 juv) " 33 O } pair in Baccharis 34 O 35 5 wb } "fighting" weeds 36 5 y 37 O } pair Baccharis -> Willow scrub 38 5 39 O 40 O wb } pair alarm + 4 jvrs Willow 41 5 bw willow + juv 42 5 Conium in yard 43 5 + juv { Salicornia 44 5 45 O very yellow } 46 5 Willow 47 5 Salicornia -Grindelia 48 O } pair + jv 49 O This is a copy of The field map, made to correct error in topographic map. Sp G 31 28 29 30 bush pile W 40 Conium 42 yard Conium Grass BElder Art. W Blackberry Art W BElder 58 all low H, Blackberry end Salicornia (on banks) Conium blackberry cut willow brush 59 tall Eucalyptus 34 33 B B 37 38 26 24 25 43 44 45 elder W poison oak G Spatina W W 19 Weeds Orchard 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 14 15 16 17 18 20 21 22 23 46 47 48 49 50 5 } weeds on top of bank 51 5 52 5 53 5 Willow 54 O Vines cn Privy 55 5 Conium 56 O } pair + jvrs Conium 57 O 58 O { Conium, Blackberry, Willow cuttings 59 5 yellow, grey
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza 69. May 14 Alviso, Santa Clara Co. Calif. map #2 appx 500 yds to here ? ? yellow salt grass 50 yds 75 yds 3 Salicornia Spartina low Salicornia observed by grass & Spartina Spartina low 2' wind Damp flat salt flat by tide salicornia Alviso RR North town
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willows large brown very light gray calle 250 yd gap in salicornia big brown white, white superallary small, very yellow (shut off by a bank) 900 m end Salicornia 700 dry 650 chic + quim 350 150 same? 200 pain gain end of tide water low salt 9 salicornia 850 - 800 low salt 460 wide flat mud bank 300 yards (some incomplete) some grass some marsh rough grass 300 yds to? marsh wet some marsh Conium conium Salicornia deep (some incomplete with it) enid gundelia gundelia 165 pale yellow 250 800 yellow 700 actual mouth offering 300 gundelia and helt 2ft wide uncomprised 65 yds to bank bank dry very white eyestripe, very pure white below Salicornia and gundelia reed down in mud flat mud about 18' feet 100 (yards) yellow gray very pale 347 spartina N Marshall, 1947 Meloprisa May 14 Alviso, Santa Clara Co. Calif. Map # 3 shaving birds in pure salicornia and interesting last salicornia pure ♂ brown big ♀ yellow small 70.
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Marshall 1947 May 12 & 14 Sept 16 & 21 Circles indicate areas of collections: All within 10yds. of actual sloughs. A 3679-3690 med. tide Savannah Sparrows in flocks, perching on mines & Rye for! B 3625-3634 very high tide. Bats partial to Gnidelia, Savannah Sparrows also All except 3639 are within 5yds of the rivers edge C 3615-3624 med. tid D 3635-3642,3691-3692 some tidal water here. E 3693-3702 no running water, just corn. posts high, artificial bank of stagnant water. High trees but very open growth. Ssg. thick more so than at D Saw Chestnut backed Chickadees & Golden-winged Kinglets At no place were the birds more numerous than in May, except for 1 loose flock of 8 or so Teal, in brush piles at B, some taking long flights. 2/3 along track in 525 yds. May #2 yellow-grass land--only one seen in 400yds. bound (18') no gap where S.campesttris & Salicornia only 4-6 ft wide. No willows Melopiza Alviso, Santa Clara Co. Calif pure Salicornia 930ft Survey cattle Box Elder 250 yd gap Willow Box Elder Conium willow Tall Typha 150yds from this bend is 1st Bird 4males 2 females here weeds No Creek here now Lipilows gap of 230 yds along stinking sewed slough Typha Stachys giantic Conium big serp. micocarpus Willows artemisia Blackberry etc. Conium Willow cut D Surveyed to here May 14 Map #1 Big Willow Sarcornia 3'8" wide Byrrow's Cut Ctulus Serp lacustre Arthremea Conium Bare Dry willows Conium H2O 9 Willow Willow Box Elders E
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza May 16 Vallejo & Napa, Solano & Napa Co., Calif. Stopped at big marsh in middle Vallejo - about 2 mi long, Typha at SE end, Salicornia at NW end. No song sparrows found at all. Plenty redwings, coots, ducks. At pure Salicornia on shore S side Sears Point Road at turn where it shore: hiked 500 yds along man-made small ditch to shore. About 9 or 10 birds along & in the ditch. Came back to road || ditch about 100 yards w of it - 8 birds representing 5 or 6 pairs in pure heavy Salicornia - not a single other species of plant. No other birds save 1 Marsh Hawk. No water, no sedges, Salicornia 1½-3' high. Some singing, no jays. At shore is sand, then scattered Salicornia & Spartina with bare mud between inland for 50 yds, then dense contin. Salicornia & Song Sparrows. Napa: see map. Started ½ mi S town & mapped for 1 mi to little RR station at Napa Hosp. Walked on E bank - pure fresh H.O habitat - Willow, S centus, Rose Foenumcum, Elder, blackberry, Typha, Asterias, etc. These birds all typical reddish fouldis, in great nos. along both sides - area 10 - 50 yds wide on each side - narrow on W bank. Extensive typha marshes extend inland to E all way from Napa Hospital to Sausal Creek - full of Song Sparrows - all goldii. No salt habitat yet. Dutton's Landing - pure salt habitat, black birds, feed on mud flats. Amazing variety of salt veg. Will dead.
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Mapa State Just Marshall, 1947 Foeniculum S.acutus Melopsija 73. Mayle Napa Napa Co. Calif. This point is 2200 yds S of Napa bridge of highway #12 This is 2200 yds, S Napa #12. on high Bridge Elder Road Oak 60 1700 Rose Wall There is no artificial bank on River to this point. From here on S is raised levee. No artificial bank to this point From here S is raised levee. Typha New Plant Live Oak 1600 1570 bone m. Sacatus Joison Oak Poplars 1400 E In Elder 90 1300 Colt. 10 birds betw these points = 1 1/4 mi S Napa Bar, Roe, Ant Typha Large Live Oak Elders out door Elder Blackb. B Blackberry Cattle 1100 800 900 1000 5/8 x x x 10 Box Elder willows 630 Elde Elder Blackbery Rose Scirpus & Typha 20 yds wide Blackberry Foeniculum Legume Elder 9 S. acutus very long tail, brow walnut heavy heart th. m acacia Autumnia S. micro anth. Typha Rose Foeniculum Walnut 5 large Mediterra Blackberry Napa River 000 Oil tank 3W 3H 3N 3M 3W 3N m S acutus 10 yds wide S microcapus Napa
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Marshall, 1947 74. Melopiza May 17 Corte Madera Creek, Marin Co., Calif. 2 Conium patches in loop are the same-- after loop should be farther north 4:00-4:30 mud + difficult wider, mud slough here take slope, crossing Salix maritima pure land pure saline S. campestris Salicornia on difficult mud + pure land Pure spartina? S. campeltris Salicornia Spartina Conium Beaches gross + Conium no artificial bank here N from here on frondelia + Salicornia on vertical banks Comm. Comm. + Beaches S. campestris Salicornia 300 100 comming land along Magdellna Beachy Gravel Ground 4 high salt grass 2 Conium Salt Grass grassy Lakeshore Houses gardens gundelia gundelia read a few Gundelie some Salicornia Bx Elder Rose a Blueberry Pinyon m + mud under S. campestris Henry Conium Conium Corte Madera Creek reading on mud bank s antenaria gundelia
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Summary Salicornia Scirpus maritimus grass grass grain stint salicornia fresh water growth - Corium etc
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza May 19 Cutting's Wharf to Stanley Home, Napa River, Calif. clear calm warm. Cutting's wharf - pine salt marsh -> transition to real interior zone at Swed + Stanley -> real fresh water, habitat above Napa State Hospital. Colt 10 birds at circular slough at bend of R at Stanley Home - in mixed habitat - box, Baldwing Trigorkin, Scripus 4sp. Caes, some Salienia, junceus, Artemesia, Grindelie etc. etc.
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{ "text": "Coll 10 hrs\nolneyi gets\n5' high\nMay 19\nNapier River\nnear\nStarlyhone\nMarshall, 1947\nMelospiza\nS. hudsonus, cany, centos\nTypha\nstone grind\non inner edyl\nS. 4 Typha\nin Eve\nolneyi\nB\nTyrpha + Scirpus\nPlantain\nglucos\nB\nScirp glauci\nB\nPomona End\nC\nE\nB-Eucalyptus\n[illegible]\ntall rank S. aechis\nSachum, edge, olneyi\nkirtbelt\nSea wall\nnarrow Scirpus\n1200\n1300\n1415\n1500\n1600\n1770\n194 Belt Typha + Scirpus 30 pts\n[illegible]\nB\nS. olneyi\nin Scirp\nin Scaipa\nScirpus glauci\nIn Eve\n3200\n3300\n3100\n2800\n30mth Typha\n2700\n2600\ncentus\n2500\n2400\n2300\n2200\n2100\n3000\n3400\nhigh\n3400\nSach brown\nTo Eucal\n[illegible]\n[illegible] on Sacrum\n76.\n[illegible]\nTypha 5'\nB\nlast Eucalypt\nIn Eucaly\nin Euc\nshort growth grays\nplenty\n[illegible]\nshort typha\nolneyi\nart. Foenic\n[illegible] 3/65\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\nB\n[illegible]\nSand\nSward\nnear\n[illegible]\nIn Scirpus\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible] camp\n[illegible]\ndual Campostis\nline olneyi\nin Eucalypt\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\nB\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illegible]\n[illeg [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]
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Marshall, 1947 May 23 Melospiza Sonoma Creek, Sonoma Co., Calif. (not an actual census) Schellville Sonoma Farming Co Property pure fresh habitat. 37 Willow 37 Rose, Conium, Willows (Small), Artemisia, S. microcarpus, some Typha Great Banks of Artemisia willow mixed fresh & Salt Plants Elder S. acutus, microcarpus Sonoma Creek wide area Scirpus, Grindelia Baccharis Marshy Area here Solang (dark birds) Scirpus, some Typha crosses some creeks which Typha creeks have sparrows may conn. with upland dont conn. with upland willows however road from Huichica Wingo very wide salt habitat S. acutus, etc. Complete continuity of habitat exists as shown here, involves narrow belt of Scirpus (as narrow as 5-10yds) in critical area, but plenty of sparrows. The area is largely disrupted from natural conditions by dykes, (but is less complex than Napa R, with all its adjoining Typha marshes.)
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Marshall, 1947 Melopsis NOVATO Willows Willows Willows pure fresh Habitat Conium weed Rose etc. singing in Thistle This area surveyed very few birds. Fresh water, Typha & Scirpus - all grazed & trampled by cattle typha north Some Salicornia May 23 Novato Creek Main Co, Calif. Seems to be complete continuity of birds & habitat here. This is surprising because in the area surveyed, is narrowest and least developed habitat for sparrows that I have ever seen which still does support birds. Due to grazing - watched cows cropping Typha & saw S. acutus all munched off. One singing (once) in that spotted pointed leaved thistle that grows on dry ground in pastures. May 23 St. Vincent Station, Main Co, Calif. See map next page - few birds singing, very windy but junction of habitats effected due to diversion & mouth of creek Willows just starting - with Typha few bird, but many birds in adjacent Salicornia
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza May 23 St. Vincent Station, Marin Co., Calif. Typha marshes several pairs (1 or 2) many pairs in Salicornia none flow to Typha. Fresh water comes from Typha marsh where is spreads out over several acres due to diversion of the stream. At edge of the circular ditch bounding the Salicornia the fresh water
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza Town of Napa Here 80, May Napa Area Summary Continuous habitat from here to bay. drove birds shown not in actual numbers surveyed (12) Hwy cell 10 birds here pure fresh habitat many brown birds Pure gouldii at least to here all Typha marshes all full of birds willows large creek Carneros Creek extensive Typha many birds cell 10 here mixed habitat Suscol Hill gap of 200 yds between Willow and Sc. Tyrka big Typha marshes or lot of S. oheyi full of birds no birds here mature stream few willows - all great Maples, Oaks, Lunds surveyed last bird where willow & elder start. Sulawayi marsh Typha etc no birds? drawe suscol creek willows birds? Big Typha marsh Scirpus many birds wide S. acutus along both sides probably get gouldii influence to here Bull Isld. pure salt habitat cutting where pure salt habitat Napa River Dutton's Landing invited rich Salt Habitat many black birds
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiya 81. May 23 South Carmez Creek Napa Co., Calif. 6:30 AM cold, windy, cloudy ink = may 23 pencil = may 24 ----= may 24 on Tuesday Elder Oak W W 7somewhere line 700 B seed Rye BS Rose Panicum Acuma B, Rose Cornus ant. 100 lawnal ? Buckeye or Rye cut. B 500 B + rose Quintinia 5 campanis S. micro S. antha Ginidshie on dark Rose, Artemisia red 400 Antennaria black and roses (area where saw brown birds on 9th Buckeye Blackberry Rose Artemisia cut here 300 No birds singing now. 7:30 G S micro Dint 2/3 from Antennaria quartus by sing Rose S olneyi seed here B june apparently branded june 200 lawnal Brushberry W 800 Rye 700 G black 100 S micro black sahumini dry series black Pate gums 5 olneyi
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S
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Marshall, 1947 Malopria 82. Mazil Carreros Creek Napa Co Calif. windy cold cloudy See previous page for birds seen today put in pencil. On this map no birds present - a more climax vegetation & large oaks lamals & maples. Dark below, steep bank, little cover dry, no birds' Talked to farmer here. His son protects Kites, shoots other hawks - had a red-shouldered hawk. Last ? only 650 yds up stream where still tidal. Just landed, see back of this page.
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May 24, 1947 juv see on map black - very dark head & back yellow belly 41 - 39550 tarsus 2.1 bill 7.5 wing 59
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Marshall, 1947 Melopiza May 24 Swinden Creek, Solano Co., Calif. where highway 40 crosses creek looks like would have birds - v surveyed area - is low successional - willows predominant. Hall Salicornia, Spartina & Scirpus OK burned up Condetra H.W. Willow Creek Surveyed perimeter willows, ash, Artemesia, arborescent B. pilularis Baccharis viminea Arrowweed tall looks like tide water to line at least Antimonia Mustard Arrowweed on banks S. acutus & typha very narrow habitat plenty of birds Apparently contin. to salt marsh no bird No Salicornia Areas All fouled up by drainage birds throughout in S. acutus, Rose, typha etc. Habitat line not very distinctly salt marsh; Salicornia dried up no birds Rose, Scirpus acutus, typha etc. Rose draw to key Swinden Slough Scirpus Acutus many birds
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza May 29 Alameda Co., Salt marshes, Calif. All salt marshes from Roberts Landing south to Castle Hills are the bunk - no natural condition remains, they are used for sewage & garbage, the rest for salt works - & the salicornia burned off even the banks of the salt ponds. The slough slumion on Quadrangle just W. Hayward station is man made & contains sewage, does not form contiu habitat. However where SPRR tracks cross it just N Russell City, are some willows, Conima, rusted with less [illegible] acres in extent but at least 3 pr. Song sparrows - juncos also seen. A very small isolated piece of habitat disconnected from any other birds for possibly a mile in any directio. Johnson Landing - salt works. S side San Mateo bridge road is farm with sm. duck ponds bordered by willows & S. cangaris & Typha. This near salt works (where no salt marsh sparrows seen). One ss seen on this duck pond - an adult-brown, with heavy black streaks (saltamensis) - and thus example of very small isolated habitat. Area big enough for 2 or 3 pairs possibly. Drove onto salt works at Leslie.
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Marshall, 1947 85. Mulospriza May 29 Alameda Co., Salt marshes, Calif - at 1/2 mi due south of Leslie is a ditch containing water & bordered with Cornus, mustard, dock & many song sparrows. This habitat continues to habitat a population of the whole system of creeks & ditches along highway between Mt Eden & Alvarado pg of course is santaermeis. This pt 1/2 mi S Leslie is however the western extremity of the population for here the salt works ponds are & some just being built. A patch of good Salicornia left but tide shut off mustard & grass growing thru Salicornia & birds gone. This would have been a point of junction of habitats once before. B Further west closer to bay the salt works country got a little better & I actually found yellow song sparrows & many javes in Salicornia or a natural slough area at "Derick" (or gourdpatch). Went along Alameda Creek again & looked closely at birds - Salicornia birds especially war, "Typha-S. marsh bird," brown white below. Began to see real yellow birds further down Alameda Creek - drove close to "Windmill" - birds abundant on bldgs, roads
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Marshall, 1947 May29 Alameda Co salt marshes Calif. Driftwood Salicornia - grindelelia good yellow pusilla Alameda creek junction with fresh water habitat is all butched up however by the building of banks high enough to have common & many sparrows - also ditches with Typha - these on either side of the original Salicornia-grindelia slough. Alameda creek itself now contains abundant sewage & stink. May30 St Vincent Station Marin Co. Was going to band birds at the Typha-Saliconia junction here but find the creek has been changed to flow in its old course - this will obliterate the typha-willow area E of the RR for - will probably grow up along new stream. Might collect birds her to see if any racial habitat preference. The juvenals are going everywhere & taking long flights - Typha -> Salicornia grass along new water course -> hay field -> eucalypti, etc. They are everywhere. Did see one ad & get chased out of a salicornia territory (* see map) & it flew back into Typha. A pond at Gallinas station has willows & a singing St. Salicornia distant.
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Marshall, 1947 330 yds 57. May 30 St. Vincent St. Marin Stagnant Co. Caly. grass in grass & everywhere water now flowing here was flowing here on 23rd red water Salcanne Typha ? willows dry Scamp all Silene Typha Typha height Scamp field to Galles Station grasses falling on wind grass 5 or 6 joining grass Typha Scurfistria Clad grass 00 yds Note - on NW side of bridge across Naga R is great admixture of salt plant Scars A Rd. 500 yds yet seen - all Scampi, Grindelia, Salcanne 500yds
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Marshall 1947 May 30 'mouth Gallinas Cr,' Marin Co, Calif. actually is s. extremity of salt marsh of Gallinas Creek area. 500 pure salicornia Census taken at this coll. station. Many sparrows in pure salicornia Many reeds. Many juncus. SS singing all around Farm yard. Grindelia all dead May 30 Petaluma Marsh, Sonoma Co Calif. good natural habitat N coll 10 bds here Sept 46 No fresh H2O habitat at Boudell station - good Salicornia gridelia. No habitat along creek thn Petaluma. Around edge Hog Dots are abundant SS some in pure Spartina. Spartina grows in a belt 20+ yds wide all along R. Hog Dot - AAF bombing range!
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Marshall, 1947 June 1 Wildcat Creek, Contra Costa Co., Calif. 9:45 AM - 10:45 AM chaparral camps and oaks only side brands here Eucalypti poison oak lignite open grass area soft chap. grass valley 1300 1200 laial grass 1100 open boulders 700 larval poison oak 900 larval - poison oak North Madrone live oak laurel 510 600 larval fawns below antennia tall mimulus, ticoed from life oak 500 400 fawn tall alder fir oak larvel tall 300 200 shaded elder mds tall laurel running water 180 inducory of poison oak etc. elder after fern elder pop larvel end McBride St. a few birds added on return trip. NOT much singing. Birds widely spared. Saw no junes. Drove back to San Pablo Bay marsh. Salicornia is now yellow-green and has grown several inches - Distichlis is now conspicuous around edges of Salicornis clumps. Marsh henk 4 eggs no good. Mallard - 3 eggs no good. Song Sparrows same as ever, some junes. Singing (noon) 8's. Spartia still brown (new growth not yet tall enough to show except along my transects where conspicuous. Inland Spartia along stough, bayward, Salicornis along borders - this pt. 9 1/3 mi E of Wildcat G. because banks are high. Inland Spartia grows in the stough (over) Bridge crossing San Pablo Ave. via road: San Pablo -> Riverside -> Marin -> McBride 89.
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San Pablo Bay: Bay ward all spartina Intermediate higher ground higher banks Spartia Salicornia Distichlis Spartina dryer dry wet Inland high ground gras shallow Salicornia Schioma deep Spartina no tides way inland some tides flood it wag id
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza June 5 Oakland Hills, Skyline Blvd, Alameda Co, Caly. Raining calm. E gate Tilden - a few ss in "soft chaparral" clear up to summit of N facing slope. At Redwood Park - no birds on E-facing & NE facing slope in redwood-madrone area. Hear several Hermit Thrushes, then & a family & several pairs & single Chukadees On bridge of redwood park (S of Redwood Mt) are many song sparrows - some feeding jumps out of nest - 3 or 4 within hearing - this is in the public picnic area - 2nd growth redwoods with poison oak, blackberry etc. Not a natural habitat - yet hard to acc't for oft nos. ss. - Under redwood clumps, frazing in green low strubbery around edges of redwoods.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospring June San Mateo County trip. Cloudy & raining all day. Drove from Lake Merced to the King Mt Rd along the Skyline Drive (Hwy 5). From the level of Mussel Rock to the County Prison road, this blud. goes along the top of the main peninsular ridge which here is scattered with ponds - & referred to in previous notes where SS become continuous except in grazed & plowed areas - or nos. around ponds & up & over ridges where Conium predominates. There is in a couple places just a suggestion of sea-side habitat, but on whole there more of this area has natural growth - does have large pgy SS. Just 5 of the Rd to SF Prison we find a giant chaparral of Baccharis, Ceanothus & Heteromeles 12' high dry and covered with moss & lichens, wind controlled bushes meeting side by side to form contig. canopy. No SS here except some in gully wet valley (quins & conium) & one at edge being (across from cattle watering place. The ridge W of San Andreas Lake have probably no SS except in willow gullies.
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Marshall, 1947 Melopiza June 6 San Mateo Co. their growth is very high & dense oak canals etc on N-facing & dry or S-facing (Berclair-Artemia) there are birds around Crystal Spring Res. in Typha & S. microcarpa & Conim, but habitat here is very narrow at junction of Skyline (+5) north road from half moon bay we have on summit of ridge an extensive and continuous growth of breast-high Baccharis spread 6 ft or so & low poison oak, ferns, etc in between - this on ridges - no SS. In gulleys get wetter habitat, Conim, etc & they are abundant 30 yds apart singing SS's all along the numerous wet finger-like extensions of wet habitat on all N-facing gulley - appears almost like continuous population of song sparrows. But they don't carry over the ridges or S-facing slopes. Area surveyed was about 500 yds S highway junction. Saw a large meagle - black face, white forehead, reddish-brown, black-tipped tail. Cam down bank (Baccharis) across road, set up & watched me, poked around weeds at edge of road & returned several times to look at me. Drove S along Cahill Ridge to Kings Mt Rd - finding no SS in numerous
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Pt. Reyes 2 b' in 7 fathoms 8½ 5 smn 8½ 300 yds off facing ca. 6 lob. in 450 yds along rd. junt 5-1/2 smy 8¾. I find 8½ in 1200 yds past fence where grazed. with white cr & Sarnonath thread.
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stops in redwood co., opening in redwoods, swales open & with weeds etc. Now down the Kings Mtn Rd in understory of Madrone - Oak forest, no in brushy areas anywhere, nor edges of redwood forest (sn meadows & streams). Returned to junction with #5 & down Tunitas Creek Rd thru redwoods & Dog fur forests. Saw & heard a Hermit Warbler on term about 2 mi west of #5 - it was singing from top of Dog fir. No ss anywhere in Red wood forest - stopped at each creek, edge of forest where meets wet chaparral & lush slopes, openings or ridges where Conium, etc. No birds until 1 2/3 mi NE Tunitas at lower edge of Redwood forest by logging mill - 1st pair there - also 1st Russet-backed thrushes 100yds upstream. Here the redwoods petered out, willows & riparian growth flourished with no forest cover above - SS took over from Winter Wrens, Russet-backed thrushes displaced Hermit Thrasher. From here on to the Coast low Willows habitat & wet chaparral became broader & broader along each valley, willows growing far up N facing slopes, SS everywhere in this growth. So we have very large pop. still restricted to
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94. valleys, but considerably broadened compared to inland. Drove from Halfmoon Bay up Pilarcitos Creek to where extensive tall Corothrus cleaned -dry- as birds. short willow habitat with abundant Russel-baked th & ss ramifies up every available gulley however it gets almost but not quite to top of range where wetter habitat with ss covers N facing canyon bottoms everywhere (Still no general pop of ss over all hills.) 1 mi N Halfmoon Bay (town) saw 1 pr only excited about nest & one vagrant jun in lupine back of sanddunes of beach. No others in hearing or sight for several 100 yds. Stopped at little core N side "Fog Whistle" Montana Pt. I saw in about an irreg. area of ground between the Coast guard area, the beach bank & cottages the real sea-slope habitat of lupinant prostrate vegetation incl. Angelica hendersonii, prostrate Baccharis pilularis, Castilleja Ericameria ericoides, Rubus, etc etc -all uniform height & packed with ss. 5 pairs in irreg area incl gulley about 50 yd x 150 yds. 1 mi N Montana some more lupine habitat back of dunes with ss. but scarce owing to rain. Back at "Hills N Montana"
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ie Hill 537 SS common but far apart owing to slide & cliffs on hills facing sea in good rich dwarf prostrate flora incl. prostrate Baccharis, Artemesia californica, A pycnocephala, Pteris ? One pr on almost vertical area this flight distances over the ?tan which is spread out in valley on N side Hill 537 They go along gulley at bottom pr every 100 yds south & up gulleys on N-facing hill with Rob thrushes & Yellowthroats but also for a short dist inland in pine Baccharis (breast high), poison oak, Diplacus aurantiacs 2-4' Monkey Flower, 5 pr seen, 200 yds apart, highest pair almost at top of ridge. ( Nuttall Sparrows predominate ) This must be the fringe of sea-slope habitat where still wet enough, but space pop. Common all along cliffs on W side Pedro Mt area where very close to sea & real sea-slope habitat, but far apart because habitat broken up by cliffs. Where highway I turns east then mule we get typical soft chap again. V Strawberry canyon with ss along gulleys & extending a little way up from gulleys on N-facing slopes where scrub willows occurs. At Edgeman - W side, sparse ss in lupine-sand dune area. Only 1 seen. Many Wh-cr. sparrows. Some ss back of shore in Rubus- Baccharis in grass fields on E side Hwy
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza Much good sea-slope habitat on Need peninsula in Military reservation - up to golden gate Bridge. June 2 Marin Co. Min Woods 6:30 AM - Last ps. SS is 50 yds upstream from start of park (Redwoods). From then on for a mi at least 20 birds. Last R-B thush about 190 yds up stream. Hermit thrus, 2o winter wrens then take over. Habitat good but shaded over by redwoods. SS every 40-50 yds from end of redwoods down- stream where plenty of light. Called up Spotted Owl at sitting on top broken Redwood 1st tree to t of sign for Natur trail. It did a lot of low barling & whistling. When himy goes E along N-facing slope N side min Beach counted SS in fleirclen, pinion oak, firs, Klobus, etc. Bacharis area - very wet, but grazed. 6 B's in 525 yds from N-most bend to summit to West. This count made from both sides of rd. - Rd. don't get to top of ridge, just wet enough on this slope to simulate gulley type of wetness. More birds on cliff facing ocean and down in gulley itself -(Polyp oak), Heracleum etc.) they seemed to spill a little out into the Bacharis from there 2 habitat. Spotty sea-slope habitat all along from here to
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Stinson beach but interrupted by cliffs & willow-gully (with RB thrush, & the usual willow-ss.). Salt marshes & Bolinas lagoon (S end) are of very low salicornia choked with Distichlis, & not good for ss. Much Grindelia around (no foliaceus bracts) (canporum?) edge salt marsh & one & is clump of it- it did not forage in the salicornia (too dense & low - less than 1 ft). Very abundant in willows all around lagoon. Also wide willow habitat with marshy juniper areas all along rd to Olema. At Nanos salt marsh at extreme S end Drake's Estero, song sp common along the sloughs (glabrous stemmed, serrate lanceolate-leaved Grindelia robusta maritima lies the sloughs), Salicornia is deep, & choked with Distichlis & Frankenia. Salicornia turf overhangs sloughs with fat mud banks, & several pairs seen foraging along the mud, flying to Grindelia etc. However, these birds all within tens. dit. of surrounding fresh-water soft chaparral Rubus etc but one pair seemed to be established on the slough - also jins.
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Marshall, 1947 Umbripi June Pt Reyes, Marin Co., Calif. Covered entire sea-slope & dune area on NW part of Pt Reyes. the Coastguard reservation is fenced off & protected from cattle - outside of this, song sp only in wettest gulley, & strangely about 1/4 lupine habitat which differs from Coast Guard area only in having bare mud or cropped grass between lupines instead of the mat of rich veg. Example: 1 ♂ in 1200 yds in grazed area along E-W road; then at beginning of fence & ungrazed part - same lupine habitat : 6 singing ♂'s in 450 yds - might have been more ♂'s not singing, as very rainy. Here we have SS & Nuttall Sp in = nos because of larger ten., larger flight range & slightly fewer Savanna Sp. the latter 2 outnumbered SS in grazed area. Obviously the grazed area was a waste of time for studying SS habitat. the main SS census was in rain along N-facing ridge just above th cliffs where steep (below road) but good vegetation - there were 7 pairs in 300 yds of good continuous habitat (5 singing ♂'s, 2 other pairs, many jivos additional). This habitat on N-facing slope at edge of sea-cliffs consists
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Of a primary important Lupinus arboreus 2-4 ft high, these forming hemispherical structures edge to edge in chains, bushes touching (stems 3' apart) or with gaps (stems up to 9 ft apart) the chains or wider spaced bushes enclosing areas of thick veg 1 ft high or more, very hostile & with it perfusion of flowers of all kinds, & several grasses. Angelica hendersonii (Umbelliferae) 22" is spotty, Chlorogalum pomeridianum 600 plant (Liliaceae) also solitary every few pls and a 1' funnel grass grows solitarily & independently. Slater grass, a gourd (Cucurbitaceae), Pteris aquilina (fern), Orthocarpus, small Rubus, Eriodictyon californicum, Ligusticum apioidorum (Ferns - Celery-like) together with numerous other flowers & succulents form the mat between Lupines. (There are a few more strange Compositae which are perennial independent brushes but not common right here more so on cliffs). Conspicuous elements are Achillea millefolium meriting 18" (Common Yarrow - Compositae) & Achillea Stachys californica 20"(Labiatae) which recline against the lupines & mostly grow Also the abundant groundselia prostrata maritima portsia very stem very leaves oval, leaves entire
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up than the lupine). On actual cliffs, where ss also occur in the continious mat of veg - Lupine does not occur - & there there is less grass also. I didn't study that particular habitat (which is found on the trail down to Muire Rocks). However I did find a habitat where Vbs are contig - resembling structurally a Salicornia - Gundelia marsh, pairs 40 yds or less apart. Do birds extend contig along coast? N of the lighthouse? More or less but not so good now because of grazing - would be sufficiently wet OK if not grazed. Stopped at a level plain further N with rich stand of Ericameria ericoides (Mock Heather - compositae) & Baccharis dotting the plain = with no ss; but numerous White-crows & Savannahs. Hiked along road in area of "Blacksmith Shop" & noted 2 at least ss singing 50 yds up N-facing slope - 50 yds above the stream - they may have been close to an "edge" or ridge above - this a very tall dense soft chaparral, poison-oak, lebes, Baccharis & I think too dense & high for contig pop. ss sparrows.
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Veg List : Sea Slope Habitat. Montana : Baccharis pilularis (prostrate) (Compositae) Angelica hendersonii (Umbelliferae) Ericameria ericoides Mark Heath, (Compositae) Artemisia pyrenocephala 16" or prostrate also Mini Be Castilleja Paint Brush (yellow) Monky - flower Equisetum (Grass junius) Pt Reyes Eriophyllum stachadifolium antemisiofoliunm ligard ish 1-2 ft high (Compositae) Eriophyllum stachadifolium dissected leaves, yellow flowers antemisiofolium Compositae liquid-taut Eriogonum nudum oblongifolium spolly Lupinus arboreus 2-6' yellow Angelica hendersoni 22". (Umbelliferae) Chlorogalum pomeridianum, 2' (Filiaceae) Soppth Achillea millefolium maritima 18" Common Yare thru Ingine Stachys californica Hedge Nettle thru ingine 20" (Labiate) Plains - Ericameria ericoides Mark Heath, Compositae Ligusticum apiodorum (Lorage) Cely-like 16" Exscholtzia californica poppy small Rubus Cucurbitaceas (Gourd) Pteris ? agulima? fern Orthocarpus blue (Owl Clover) Grindelia robusta maritima (leaves oval entire stems hairy)
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Black-chinned Sparrow Wear [illegible], much better to long tail like field sparrows 101. hand or aster pass Robin call in song the tree Th[illegible] male covering very entire rear? not breeding? head O = seen on return again O = only on return 4:30 AM -7:15AM (W) Marshall, 1947 Melapige June 10 Strawberry Canyon, Alameda Co. [illegible] clear sunny cool some wind. (over for veg)
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Dry Places Baccharis pilularis Prism Oak Rhus diversiloba Artemisia californica Diplacus aurantiacus (Monkey Flower) Rhamnus [illegible] Soft Chaparral Person Oak, Elder, Artemisia vulgaris, Huckleberrys Rubus parviflorus (Thimble berry) Willows Physocarpus capitatus Nine-Bark Holodiscus discolor Cream Bush (Vaccinium oratum Calf.) Ribes sanguineum
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102. Marsh Plants Berkeley Aquatic Park Scirpus californicus bristle plumose, stem terete " flaviatilis? 4?[3] bristles, stems 3-angled Typha angustifolia ♂ & ♀ flowers separated " latifolia ♂ & ♀ flowers contiguous Baccharis pilularis Grindelia camporum sm. leaves, bracts with slender recurved tips Salicornia ambigua "pickle-weed" Heracleum lanatum "Cow Parsley" Foeniculum vulgare "Sweet Fennel" leaves decompound dissected into ("wild parsley") numerous filiform segments. Flowers yellow Juncus balticus "Wire Rush" flowers greenish Rumex crispus "Curly Dock" callons San Pablo marsh Spartina foliosa spikes approximate, forming cylindrical inflorescence Fresh Water Streams: Acer negundo "Box Elder" leaves pinnately 3-foliolate. Conium maculatum "Poison Hemlock" purple marks dotting stem Artemisia vulgaris heterophylla "Calif Mugwort" Rhus nitidifolia "Calif. Blackberry" Populus fremontii "Fremont Cottonwood" Salix "willow" Rosa californica "Calif Wild Rose" Talinum oregana "Oregon Ash" Quince C. Acer macrophyllum "Big-leaf Maple"
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Scirpus acutus blue-green stem leafless Common Tule Scirpus olneyi yellow = green Solitary involucral bract. Olney Bulrush scale no basal l Scirpus microcarpus blue-green brackish Panicked Bulrush Basal leaves Scirpus campestri several fibrous roots Bull Tule with leaves Becharis vinicua Triglochin maritima Dutton's Landing, Cordelia slough Mute Fat Sunson Creek Common Arrow Grass Franklinia grandifolia Alboret Main Co-
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza June 10 Benicia, Solano Co., Calif. 11 - 12 M AM Salix marsh W of auto ferry At least 8 pr in 400 yds x 80 yds are probably 10 - 8 ten in line down middle. Some singing - regular song perches - stumps tallest grindedia, fence post taller rushes. 1 pr ad. flushed from Salix, 12' away from grindedia. 1 jur flushed from middle of large Salix area 25 yds from grindedia. 1 unknown age pair Salix also. 1 pair hopped down into Salix from grindedia & disappeared under Salix. Others getting into Salix from grindedia. Never sing from Salix, never perch in it, fly always to nearest line of grindedia, the clumps of Artemisia vulgaris the parted of S. obwegi & Carex strais on the rushes at edge of strait. When chased toward pure Salix, fly out around a turn back to grindedia. No adults flushed from 400 yds of pure Salix (x 40 yds) in several trips. :: seem to forage in it some because as the predominant veg. but mainly remain in grindedia along troughs or rushes at edge strait.
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{ "text": "Marshall, 1947\nJune 10 Benicia, Solano Co. Calif.\nI was\nbetter aware of terns here because\nalmost four couples song perches used\neclusively by each bird; & long time\nthan usual watching any 1 pair.\nOne ♂ will sing the adjacent ♂ from\nnearest tern gets up on his nearest\nperch & sings 1 or 2x facing the\n1st ♂. Saw ♂ chase a few\nout of his tern. Saw adults\nfly over or to another tern &\nget chased out (with or followed by\nsong) even when owner not on perch.\nsome S. acutus\n+ foreign taylor-loo-like\nthing\n460 yds\nFerry\nRoad\nslough=ditch\nwith gridlock\nThe big bill & dark chestnut head is conspic.\nin the field.\nshore\nSalicornia\ndistichlis\nArrowgrass etc.\nS. oligii\nScayloni\nJuncus\nstump\nPure tall Salicornia\n20-30\"\nPatch ♂ Alt.\nvulgata\ndeep chestnut\n♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂♂ [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza June 10 Southampton Bay, Solano Co., Calif. 12:30 PM S's singing in S acentus & olneyi at Spengler's just as vigorously as 3 mo. ago. On marsh at N end airport- (part main strips & into main griddles) are large area of pine deep (knee high) salicornia with jivos & ad. more than 100 yds from Grindelia slough borders. S's sing from Salicornia, birds fly from place to place in pine salicornia & "go under" it for foraging. Ad's seen in salicornia carrying food. Some birds (ad & jivos) far out in salicornia stay there, but 2 (1 50 yds, 1 100 yds out) even chased back in several steps to grindelia. All salicornia well watered & lush/erent along the main slough is grindelia on broad belt 10-25 yds wide - at tall & contin, but many indiv shrubs with salicornia + Distichlis in between. At edge of slough is Typha, S acentus, S olneyi, VS congostruis. On raised edge is 2 ad + belt of Jimsons (Achillea millefolium), yours & [illegible] (same as Pt Reyes sp), needs. This is the richest habitat & densest ss pop I have ever seen. Birds are everywhere, esp along slough,
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Marshall, 1947 June 10 Southampton Bay, Solano Co., Calif. 100's of 8's singing, give all our birds flying back and forth from our California areas, but most of singing or most birds (95%) stay along the slough and forage on its mud banks. At E edge of marsh is some extensive cattails. This has no ss as stems are too close together & it blows down to form a dense prostrate mat. -- These birds do not have the conspicuously large bills & many are light colored. June 10 Martinez, Contra Costa Co., Calif On road from Crockett to Martinez, which goes along the steep S side of Carquinez straits, noted birds in almost all canyons, especially from Port Costa to Martinez -- then 8's heard from can. Several of the canyons have little reservoirs with hydra & song sparrows-- These have willow galley, elders, artemisia etc with song sparrows. At the salt marsh on W side Martinez there is a valley that adjoins the marsh - where visited in '40 or '41. Tall willows vines teach etc on S side tracks with several 8's singing.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza June 10 Martinez, Contra Costa, Calif. 1 & singing in Teale, Breehain & Posin Oak in the gulley 200 yds from marsh- right by road. So there is a continuing up these canyons from the salt marsh. The marsh itself is mostly great tracts of S. campestris with flats of dense Distichlis turf between them. Birds not singing much here. The turf is not Salicornia. June 11 Swiss Bay - Benicia to Grizzly Island Ferry No open marsh found - all denuded & grazed. SS restricted to slough banks of S. acutus, rose and adjacent tracts S. olneyi & campestris. No virgin Salicornia areas found. (Davis & Howell tell of extensive natural Salicornia on Grizzly Island.)
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia June 28 Santhampton - Song Sparrows still singing all around. June 28 Grizzly Island, Solano Co. Calif. Spengas. Camped night of 28 on W side. In this semicircular concavity on the west edge of Grizzly Island is what appears to be the original marsh growth - from bay edge in to the 1st ditch or levee. In some places this original growth is several hundred yards wide. It is all composed of tall scirpus typha with millions of song sparrows. Generally 6-12' high. Never is it of Salicornia-jundelia type of SF Bay marsh. At edge of bay is narrow belt of green low (1-2') Spartia x some Junceus. (Is Spartia there too?)
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia Jan 28 Grizzly Dell, Solano Co. & some Juncus & weeds grow on the levees, Frankenia etc, & since those are adjacent to the Scirpus of the original hay marsh, these are SS in them. I don't see how the roses could have been an important feature of the original habitat however; it was probably mostly tidal. We drove all around the island & found no other habitats except as above. Song Sparrows occurred in immense no wherever there was Scirpus & Typha & Rose & wetness. Olds were still singing some, & jives were everywhere. Sparrows constantly spilled across levees into the hay field - some ad 8', sang from baled hay piles - far from probable actual tens. July 1 5300' Nth of Beaver Ridge on main road halfway between Middle & South Forks of Silver Creek, Eldorado Co. Calif. A meadow lie in the middle of "transition zone" forest had patches of willows & alder scrub over wet ground, juncus, grass etc & had at least 2 m. Song Sparrows, its singing. Also many 109.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia pairs of M. melodia, it's singing the 2 species seemed to be on same territories, + I could distinguish little no difference in their term except Song Sparrows sang from 3-6' in riparian growth while Lincoln's would often sing from 10-20 ft in sm conifers (Lodgepole pines). July 7 Anaheim Bay, Orange Co. Calif. The salt marsh area is of several sq miles here 9 looks natural - untouched by dykes & levees - regular tidal sloughs wind around the flats. The vegetation is all very short & supports no song sparrows but many Savannah Orea. the absence of Song Sparrows is not proof that Cooperi is not adapted to salt marsh merely that the salt marsh growth here is not high enough for them. High tides seem to cover all the veg- this may be important also in absence of song sparrows - none veg. is tall enough for nests. The flora consists of Spartina less than 2' tall along sides of sloughs & unique peculiar growth of small individual creet plants on the flats, the general level of which is less than a foot high. These plants are Distichlis, Triglochin?, Frankenia, Salicornia, Juncus.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia July 7 Anaheim Bay, Orange Co., Calif. Occasionally there are little round brushes of Suaeda 1-1½ ft high. The entire thing looks like a very miniature SF bay sal-gined marsh with the Suaeda taking place of Gundelia. The variety of plants (8 principal species) is noticeable. Flora: Spartina foliosa? (not in flower) 21" tall at water's edge, up to 32" in deeper water, graduated so that all of same level as the top of the cover on the flats as if the whole had been clipped. Distichlis spicata? (not in flower) usually rare & low but up to 13" at edge of sloughs. Thiglochin striata? (not in flower) 7" high on flats only, erect. Limonium commune californicum leaves basal, scape 15", on flats plants far apart. Frankenia grandifolia 5" high individual straight erect solitary stemed plants. Salicornia ambigua solitary erect stems 6-10" high, mostly 6". Suaeda Suaeda californica both 1-1½' high solitary - far apart Juncus carnosus 5" tall erect solitary.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia July 7 Anaheim Bay, Orange Co. Calif. Growth form of Vegetation: Spartina Jaumea Distichlis Salicornia Limonium Triglochin Frankenia Suaeda There is bare and showing vegetation stems slough flats In some places the flats have a more abrupt slope into the slough & lack the border of Spartina in which event there is a mud bank upon which Savannah sparrows forage. Savannahs perch on the Suedas to call or sing. No yellowthroats, no tudy wrens? Hails? About a mile inland I found a patch of about 1 acre of Salicornia sheltered by a levee and on uneven ground caused probably by dumping dirt. It was up to 30" high & very thick & continuous. Frankenia also in great mats up to 2' high. Many Savannahs, too local & restricted for song sparrows - shows that Sal. can grow higher under non-natural conditions. July 7 mouth Santa Ana River, Orange Co. Calif. A slough extends W several hundred yds from the river mouth on the N side of park highway. Slough not natural - is dyked in & looks like dirt dumped here. Nevertheless all is covered by large growth of Salicornia up to 3' high continuous except around edges where dry 112.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia July 7th Santa Ana River Orange Co. Calif. silty ground where savannahs feed. Salicornia grew over much of the area - several acres - except for occasional mats of tall dense Frankenia. The slough had high banks, undercut & the Savannahs fed in no. along the mud borders, or driftwood & under the overhanging Salicornia sod. I have never seen so many Savannahs, many juncos, many [illegible] singing. They go in great doves - may be none in one part of marsh & you look to the other side & you can see 20 scattered around within 1/2 acre all on tops of taller Salicornias. I never saw them go from a perch down into the sal. but saw some hop among the top friggs feeding. They are so curious that they stay up to look at me, then fly. However, the most have been foraging under the Salicornia, because They were constantly popping up to perch, from nowhere. All I saw foraging were on bare ground or on the mud banks & the slough. I found 2 Song Sparrows among them - one was perched 6" from a Savannah on a
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia July 7th Santa Ana R. Orange Co. Calif. Salicornia clump. I approach and it gave alarm notes & retreated a way but stuck pretty well to a territory (wasn't found there 1/2 hr later - but they do not respond this time of yr. very well to squeaks - so is no proof it was not in vicinity ) This bird was ad & seemed to be a ♂ perched high . Another tailless mouthing bird was larger - seemed to be ad also & perhaps the ♀ mate - stayed near the 1st. they were definitely grazing under the Salicornia. But there were some Baccharis-like bushes & Arrowweed near the highway that they may have operated in also. This proves - at the not natural habitat, that Cooperi can live in Salicornia, if deep enough. Rare because of it nos. of Swannels? No Yellowstone or Wrens. July 7 Newport Bay Orange Co. Calif. ( area at side of highway (N side) filled in now has willows ) Upper reaches still natural salt marsh habitat winds for several miles up to a salt works. Then a big area of Salicornia, then a big dam-like fill
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Marshall 1947 Melospiza melodia July 6 Newport Bay Orange Co. Calif. Then extensive farms, fresh H2O marsh, Scirpus & typha, willows, with Marsh Hawks, Song Sparrows, Yellowthroats, probably Marsh Wrens. Below the fill the creek is str & receives Tidal water - flats have deep Salicornia, & Chenopodium need in masses up to 3' tall or 4' & Scirpus "mucosus" = Calif? along ditches. typha & S aenus in one place There were Song Sparrows here but not abundant, & they got pretty far out in Salicornia but mostly, only to fly from one patch of Scirpus to another. Total of about 4 birds seen. They do get in a salty environment. Below the salt works & from there to the mouth of the bay, the bay water is wide & the flats are fl. lows & gradually sloped so there are few flats high enough for anything but Spartina. Spartina occupies almost the whole bay sides of the bay. It is short & doesn't have Song Sparrows, wrens nor Yellowthroats. Only numerous Savannah Sparrows - feeding on bare mud. Spartina doesn't grow very close together here - and between
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia July 7 Newport Bay Orange Co., Calif. stems. A road winds along the E side of the bay; Spartina on bay side palisades on E at valleys of which water backs up from road & we get occasional patches of tule - these depression development: One such place had at least 2 Song Sparrow Scirpus acutus 14'4", Typha latifolia one leaf 12' plants 15-16' apparently fresh water. Another - Scirpus olneyi pure stand had a SS in vicinity 7'5
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Marshall, 1947 Melopiza melodica July 7 Newport Bay, Orange Co., Calif. veg but too limited extent for ssp.: ie. Salicornia 2 ft, Frankenia mats, Distichlis up to 15", Juncea in mats 9", juncea? with sharp points 34" radius. There were flats which I covered which were just like Anaheim Bay. Spartina very extensive however usually felt 25 or more yds wide along bay - top 10" or so high, taller where submerged up to 21" not yet in flower. Last years stalks on lower edge were about 32". the whole place indoors as natural areas are concerned is same as Anaheim Bay except god lower & more Spartina x less flats; a home for Savannah Sparrows. No place for Song Sparrows - only in unnatural areas patches of higher growth due to accum. of fresh water due to roads, etc. But some of latter salty with a few sparrows: Cooperi OK for salt habitat. Saw a White-tailed Kite. A patch willows nr. salt works dry - no sparrows.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia July 7 Bolsa Bay Orange Co., Calif. A creek mouth here had extensive tall Scirpus arundinaceus (?) & typha with many song sparrows (though these squeak up rarely - now singing). These spilled out across the narrow bay to Salicornia-Juncus Distichlis flats" with growth about a foot high, in mats interspersed with Limonium 2" & this sharp-pointed round "Juncus" bush. Actually 2 birds seen in this latter place & they went up to weeds & tobacco on road bank. Seemed to be wanderers from Scirpus "maris" area. Because the veg here was pretty short & packed with Savannahs. July 7 - These observations made from 11:30 AM - 4:30 PM. July 11 Oceanside, San Diego Co., Calif. 1st River mouth SE Oceanside extends as bay inland just like Newport Bay. Canyon opens into this bay. Los Canyon has sw. creek & marshy areas with peculiar mixture of fresh & salt plants - large Juncus Salicornia, S. oligocephala mixed with Art. vulgaris? Juncus willows typha, etc. S. 'microcarpus'. Found 2 song sparrows;
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Marshall, 1947 melospiza July 9, 1947 July 9 Dickey Collections Hensley Song Sparrow Notes: gouldii Pt Reyes-Pt Reyes Station Nov 13, 1917 E574, E575, E576 in dance tules ,E577 notes sound like he means Pt. Reyes Station. got a yellowthroat there labelled Pt Reyes Station Pt Reyes Station Nov 15, 17, 1917 "brush pile" 11 birds E581-E587 E594-E601 mapillarisa Cordelia Solano Co. Oct 5-10, 1917 "Camp near railroad within stones throw of Cordelia." 100s acres tules marshes to south overrun with song sparrows. Again many of the Sparrows look like intergrades--darn! E418-424, 426-430, 434, 435-436, 438, 445-446, 447, 449-452, 456. psittacula AB Howells notes Oct 4, 1916 Alvarado Howell got 12, Lawrence 16 Camped in Alvarado Basin near town - they went out on the Alvarado marsh near the salt works to hunt - many tule areas. Noted many dykes & little place to hunt except a patch of weeds & a patch of tules. Bay Farm Island Alameda Co. (Howell) salt marsh - in tall Salicornia these cols apparently coll 1916 Jan 20, Mar 13.
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Loye Miller 10333 Louisiana Av LA C Restview 1-3004
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Marshall 1947 Melospiza July? Dickey Coll. insillula Howell's notes Palo Alto Sept 30 - Oct 1 1916 Camped 1 mi E of town & 1/2 mi from extensive bay marshes. Got the SS in the marsh in Tules. incl 1 which he calls: "santacernis" which may #6528 have been taken in "willows in a little depression near the house." Some of the others may have been from willows too. santacernis Palo Alto Howell's notes #6528 Portola San Mateo Co "" Sept 26, 1915 probably should be 1916 with rest from Palo Alto. Fresh-water stream in canyon - (not near salt marsh) Portola Huey's notes Nov 24-28 1917 Canyon where camped same as Huey & Howell in 1916. Up canyon is sm. reservoir with Tules where get all the Song Sparrows: E 625 E 642-645 E 653 Sammeli's Huey's notes Oct 18, 19, 1917 Petaluma Camped about 2 1/2 mi South of town near the salt marsh. Coll in salt marsh "do not perch on top of rushes but hop along the mud" E 467- E 476; E 479-485,4
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Marshall 1747 121. July 9 Dickey Collection Melopiza Melopiza melodia from "South Suisun Bay" Grinnell says race with coloration of maxillaris and with size & structure of gorbli or sulaemeris. "South Suisun Bay, Calif." (Howell) & "South Suisun Bay, Contra Costa Co., Calif." (Hey) September 22-24 1916 Hey: "found fair quarters near Associated Oil Company's plant on the south side of Suisun Bay." "went after song sparrows which were thick" D 530 - D 564 -- Probe Camp. We had been camping in an old cow shed in pasture. The trapping & shooting had all been done near a tule marsh of about two acres & about 300 yards from camp. I have never seen the birds so thick as were the song sparrows in this limited area. We spent the night above Walnut Creek setting out a line of traps each." Howell: Sept 21, 1916 "Hey & I left Berkeley in Dickey's Ford about 2 PM,
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Marshall, 1947 Melopiza July 9 Dickey Collection I ran over the Walnut Creek road through Concord & within half a mile of Port Costa Contra Costa Co., on the marshes of 'south Suisun Bay. Here we camped in a shed used as a shelter for horses, on the edge of the willow thicket bordering a small creek. Within [illegible] 500' is a tule marsh covering about six acres, & bordered by dense weeds. - in tules--more song sparrows than I have ever seen in one place before. Sept 22 -- started out at 7:15 & back at 8:30 with 15 song sparrows. These feed in the tall weeds & when disturbed, seek the nearby tules. 55- 6486 - 6511." "A barn owl came out of the willows before sundown & was diving about among the weeds at a great rate. Sept 24 - we broke camp at 2 PM going back thru Concord & up Walnut creek, where we made a light camp." Note: On catalogue file - Dickey has "2 mi NW Concord". Van Boren says Huey showed Dickey the place on the topo sheet.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia Jul 11 Oceanside San Diego Co. Calif. her only saw one - was molting. In the actual Bay the habitat is mostly very tall Typha & Scirpus 'microcarpus' = calif.? with song sparrows occasional. Squawked up about 6 in various globs & they seemed very rare. It was midday hot, so molting perhaps at this season they are just not in evidence & are silent & really are more numerous than appears. The habitat looked OK for them altho water was retreating & great tracts of Typha were drying up. At head of bay was patch of tall Schoenop. & Scirpus Campestris - on dry ground. No Song Sparrows ---- Some Willows on banks. Jammea inland from the Scirpus occured in mats 1' high. There seemed to be song sparrows around but not responding. Saw no Savannahs. Did see Yellowthroats. On Pt river mouth NW Oceanside, a highway bridge goes over the boundary between Willows, Ferniculum, Chenopodium, etc of fresh-herb habitat, & pure
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia July 11 Oceanside, San Diego Co., Calif. Salicornia - Juncus - Baccharis plummerae salt habitat. A flat of several acres had tall Salicornia up to 2' heavily crowded with the slender yellow variety Ditchlie; Juncus, Frankenia. I doubt if a Song Sparrow could forage in this dense mat. None were found. Had evidence for 2 in an adjacent pond with Scirpus "mucis" & poison oak - saw them a couple times & heard alarm notes when I tossed in a rock. This about 3 PM hot - shows how little response from SS when they are present. Could have been many more around willows & Baccharis. However, like the other day it seems to me that if 'they were at all numerous even now during the molt I should see droves of juncus in the weeds & everywhere around edges of these bays esp where tall Scirpus & typha so common.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza melodia Aug 16 Avon Contra Costa Co. Calif. Visited area n-e avon (1-2 mi) on west side of Hastings Creek. I wanted to look at this marsh between highway & bay shore because it looked like natural veg. Actually, it turned out all to be drained, branks having been built along the ss bank of Hastings Creek & along the shore of Suisun Bay. :. the ground was rather dry (except for some standing water) I had no tidal sloughs at all. It's growth was everythin' I have ever seen in marshy + many new weeds, but the general growth was either or too dry and or too shallow for song Sparrows. Prominent plants on this
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Marshall, 1947 MeloSpiza melodia Aug 2 Avon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. had the regular natural Sagoon Bay habitat of Scirpus acutus, olneyi & campestriis, with some small Typha too. All the Song Sparrows were restricted to within 20 yds (often less) of the water in the natural habitat of the slough - marsh - namely the Scirpus & Typha as stated. Some occasionally went into the Baccharis growing on the raised dry artificial bank a few yards or from the water, but most were confined to chunks of Tall S. acutus & often & could find zone in areas where only the smaller Scirpus prevailed. SS very quiet seldom seen or heard. Heard one group all giving alarm notes & one sang free - this about noon. So many came around (about 5 or 6) in this one spot that I figure they are pretty common but just not in evidence now during the molt. No indic of any wandering away from habitati
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Marshall, 1947 Meleospiza 127. Collections Sept-Oct 1947 Salt Marsh 13/4 mi WSW Pt San Bruno, San Mateo Co., Calif. (See San Mateo Quadrangle) Pt San Bruno pure Salicornia deep no song sparrows Spartina only Savannahs SF Bay many rats, garbage sewage. Habitat limited to very narrow fringe. 3751-3754 all with 3750 5 yds of slough. New Highway Bayshore Highway SF Airport This marsh has about 100 birds left in it. They are abundant, even in sm flakes. Stick pretty close to banks of sloughs. Habitat is Salicornia or more with grindelia scattered along edges of sloughs. On western edge, is higher, drier, & with more Chenopodium - more Savannahs there. A remarkably isolated population about to become extinct. More numerous here between the 2 highways, where better salt habitat. Still a perfectly natural tidal Salicornia-grindelia marsh. Salt marsh 5/8 mi S Deucbarton Bridge, Alameda Co., Calif. (See Hayward Quadrangle) Ravenswood Point coll here Sep1'4No SF Bay 2 seen on beach here 50 yds away from vegetation, foraging in jibs, drift wood. coll 3755-3764 between these 2 pts in typical natural Salicornia - grindelia marsh with grindelia along the many little winding sloughs. Bbs very numerous Saw about 20 in 1/2 mile - a pair watched on edge of pond here for a long time. They would not go back to Salicornia - hopped along in sand & mud & under driftwood. Neither could I make them fly out over the water. They hop very rapidly when in open & carry tail at high angle. Come up close & peek at you under boards. This pair walked about 50 yds along shore.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza Alviso, Santa Clara Co., Calif. September 16,21 specimens collected. For orientation see map under May 12 '44 '47 3630 Grindelia lost Grindelia 3627-3629 Grindelia 3626 3grindelia Salicornia 3625 3628 Willow 3617 Salicornia 3633 brush pile 3618 Grindelia 3631 3634 Salicornia 3632 Grindelia 3634 sal brush piles flock of about 6-8 to y from Selicornia stayed in These brush piles. 3615 Conium 3616 Sal. Conium 3619 Box Elder (big) Willow 3620 3621 Willow 3622 3623 Chenopodium 14 at edge water 3624 3635 Willow bridge Willow 3636 Blackberry 3637 Salix 3691 Blackberry 3642 #9 Willow Populus 3692 Conium 3641 #10 Poplar Willow 3638 3640 Conium 4 Black berry Willow 3639 Conium 128.
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Marshall 1947 Melospiza Collections Sept-Oct 1947 129. 6 localities along Alviso Slough & Guadalupe R. Santa Clara Co. Calif. (See Catalog) (See Palo Alto & San Jose Quadrangles) This represents a continuous population for 9 miles. From the 1st willow upstream, is only single column of pairs N of Alviso, spreads out in vast marshes. Bay shore mouth Alviso Slough 3737-3746 Very abundant but only in grindelea along little natural sloughs. Spartina grows in the sloughs. Salicornia on flats between them but is very low with jammer, Frankenia looks like marshes in LA Co. very low as not in clumps. Looks like it is overrun by tides. willow blackberry rose chupodion high tide gindelea salicma vertical arrangement of vegetation Spartina low tide SP RR. Alviso Slough, Santa Clara Co. 3679-3690 Pure Natural Salicornia-grindelea-Spartina. Savannah Sparrows too. Birds rather well spaced. about 24 in area shown. I rowed all along this slough from Alviso to the bay & found continuous growth of tall Spartina all the way with center population of sparrows, at arrow, saw one fly across the slough. pure salt habitat (Salicornia grindelea) & first willow Salt Beds pure Spartina vast expanses of Spartina last pure salt habitat(Salicornia grindelea) & first willow habit somewhat mixed until here where heavy Willow blackberry growth continues, still tidal past here though. pure Salicornia-Guadalupe R. Grindelea with salt marsh 1/2 mi SE Alviso Wide Spartina areas on 3625-3634 lower ground. All coll with couple yds of river. mixed habitat Salicornia Guadalupe R. 7/8 mi gindelea low on banks, SE Alviso 3615-3624 Salt common higher Only about 12 birds noted along here. All coll within 5 yds of streamside. Guadalupe R., 1 1/2 mi SE Alviso 3635-3642 3691-3692 Stream tidal here and limited by artificial banks, but veg is all pure fresh water: mostly low willow & blackberry. Single column of pairs. Only about 15-20 birds in this 900 yds. Guadalupe R., 4 1/2 mi SE Alviso Santa Clara Co! 3693-3702 Probably 15-20 birds. Took 10 birds in 4/6 hrs more 600 yds. standing fresh water. Can be no more than single line of pairs. High artificial banks narrow the habitat but is good growth open willows, typha, blackberry Box Elder, Alders, Rose.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza Collections Sept-Oct '47 (see San Mateo Quadrangle) Merced Lake Fringe of Soripus californicus grows all around edge of lake. S. end Lake Merced, San Mateo Co., Calif. level field of grass, Corium, dock Dense growth willows 25' with understory of Blackberry - 5 birds coll. here 3807 - 3811 They were in loose flocks with lincoln sparrows (10♂), Fox Sparrows (8♀) Crowned Sparrows (dozens), fisherella song sparrows (saw at least 2, they gave peculiar "chuck" call ~ fox sparrows) These flocks were out in the field 50 yds from willow patch, but would return to willows occasionally en masse. About a dozen santacruces must have been in this area. Birds abs avoided interior of dense willow patch. Pacific Ocean Mussel Rocks Milagra Valley Skyline Hiway E Mussel Rock, San Mateo Co. A rather natural habitat of less dense baccharis, junceus, Corium, Heracleum & many smaller springy plants quite like seaside chaparral. Birds very abundant - with crowned + lincoln sparrows, and away from water. Saw about 12 birds in 100 yds. Seems a very moiste habitat. Was a little patch of typha there also. 130.
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Marshall, 1947 San Francisco into Creek, 225' San Mateo Co. 3747-3749 along here is where I got Got 3 birds here 7 specimens along stream bed in 1940 between 2 arrows. heard 2 more. Searsville lake Webb Ranch This makes 5 birds/1000 yds. Very far apart because stream not flowing. Birds were only at 3 places where there were persistent pools. Here they foraged under blackberry or Symphoricarpos albus, in rank growth also one on patch Typha Occasional low willows, mostly large oaks & canals, Alders. Maples Stream is about limit of tolerance both for shade & for dryness. Redwoods grow on NE facing hill as shown last song sparrow pair about here noted last spring Above this point forest is too dark for birds from here down to coast stream is in open unforest ed co. & has rich wide growth of willows supporting several pairs (in width) (more than a single column) Martins Beach Seaside Chaparral, mouth Tunitas Creek San Mateo Co. (See half- Pacific Ocean moon Bay quadrangle.) Birds only on N-facing hollows close to sea level where moist enough to make good growth. with Nuttall Sparrows (Wren-tit farths up hills), Yellow-throat, growth is Eriophyllum, Eriogonum Baccharis, Hieraclenum, Soap plant, Saltz in hollows. 3820-3821 call here in Comm. Blackberry near hollows of creek. About 12 Birds heard here at dusk. running water Some in Salix here 3818,3819 3822-3827 call along here saw 4 more.; about several heard in 12 bds total along coast for 900 yds. All within dry Eriogonum- 25 yards of shore (sandy beach), one flushed from Baccharis here. beach itself. All these in predominat Eriophyllum which get 4 or 5 ft high. Bds usually in more open growth with bachelor, Hieraclenum etc. typical marsh seaside chaparral but so far south that get delubed & dry (with Artemisia) on S-facing slopes. Tunitas Creek permanent stream San Francisco to Creek San Mateo Co. Santa Clara Co. Collections Sept Oct '47 131. (See Palo Alto quadrangle.) Mudkipa
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza Collections Sept Oct '47 /32. ( See Concord quadrangle) Walnut Creek, 3 mi due E Lafayette Ridge Contra Costa Co. Calif - Has constraining high artificial banks with growth Elder, Willows, Blackberry, Box Elder, Rose. Some typha grass in bottom. There is running water very foul. Birds widely spaced, usually 2 or 3 together. Some Laurel & Oak but plenty open. Collected 7 birds along 1100 yds here. Saw about 4 more. 3799-3803 Walnut Creek Lake (one pair in Polygonum) Lafayette Creek walked about a mile along creek here. Is dry. No birds. Plenty Salix, open type. Dry Typha patches. San Ramon Creek Tributary of Walnut Creek (at RR bridge) 3 1/4 mi due N Las Trampas Peak Contra Costa Co. Col. 3 birds here (saw 1 more). An open stream, no Laurel or oak. Mostly low Salix + patches Typha, just right for Song Sparrows. Has running water in it which is let out of Lafayette Reservoir. Birds scarce - must dry up sometimes.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza Collectors Oct Sept '47 salt marsh, Pinole Contra Costa Co., Calif. San Pablo Bay profile of marsh: grindelia 3-4' salt cornia Spartina in flower 4' high Ristelli, salicornia chenopodin olmopodium, dock high tide-> low tide mud flats Refugio Landing 3729-3732 San Pablo Bay Wilson Pt. Pinole (From Mare Island quadrangle) 40 Was on the marsh here before daylight & got some sparrows before they had fed. Stom. empty. No ticks. One was "flucteling" from a stake. I shot it & found ad. mosquitoes in its mouth, another in stom. Bds. numerous there. I saw or heard about 10 in little area shown. Watched them foraging on mud flats getting several yards away from cover of Spartina. salt marsh San Pablo Contra Costa Co. Calif (See San Francisco Quadrangle's) thi area & premons, ecological work is where I got the 4 specimens 3733-3736 within circles San Pablo Bay San Pablo Creek See next page for detail. Spartina is in flower (Oct 1)
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Marshall, 1947 Milorgania Collections Sept Oct '47 Salt marsh San Pablo Contracosta Co, Calif. * = Specimens 3733-3736 Many birds seen - about same no. as last spring
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza 135. Collections Sept Oct '47 Richardson Bay, Marin Co. Calif. (See Tamalpais quadrangle) Alto Mill Valley 3780 here bds were going back & forth from Salicornia-Spartina along the slough to poison oak & Foeniculum 10 yds away. Power Plant 3781 Salicornia few bds. here Salicornia low & dry. School 3782-3783 Pure Spartina in area where got covered at high-tide. Richardson Bay Several pairs here in area of Spartina 50 yds wide. Many bds seen along the slough - a belt of Spartina 10 yds. then Gnidelia & Salicornia. Little side sloughs have some Spartina in bottoms, Gnidelia on banks, Salicornia on flats. Willows Spartina Golden Gate Bridge Good pure salt habitat, yet on edges, birds go into brush piles, poison oak, willow, Conium, etc. The birds on edges seem to be milling around in (make they don't breed here), groups & those out in pure salt marsh stationary.
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Sonoma Creek Second Napa Slough Marshall, (1947) Melopiz Collections Sept Oct 1947 bay shore north Sonoma Creek, Solano Co., Calif. (See Marc Dol. Gradchyle) Sonoma Co. Napa Co. Sears Point Road Sonoma Creek Bridge Hiway 48 San Pablo Bay 3703 found dead in road here Baccharis is prevailing veg. pure Salicornia except for fringe Spartina next to shore. -> 3704-3712 collected here in pure salt marsh between Baccharis-covered bank and the bay shore. The Spartina at the shore has most fronds - was tall - 5' at a covered with salt crystals as if submerged every high (high) tide. Also was in flower & bld. eating seeds. Spartina line forms a belt over wettest ground from mud flats at shore, in about 50 yds. Then patches of Salicornia alternating with patches of Scirpus caespitosus (lower). Birds watched foraging on mud flats, some get couple yards away from Spartina cover & frequently. Bds. very abundant here. About 15 seen or heard in this little distance. No Savannah sparrow line - growth all rather tall.
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Marshall, 1947 September 18 Sonoma Creek, 5 S. Sonoma Co., Calif. (See Sonoma Quadrangle) not to scale Schellville Rose, Cornus willows, Antennaria S. californica, Typha pure fresh habitat Bridge Highway 37 10 mixed fresh or salt plants 5. nutus, californicus 3658 Spartina salt slough S. olney; 3654- Spartina 3655 Scirpus, some Typha pure salt habitat very wide salt habitat S. acutus, etc. Second Napa Slough Specimens Collected September 18 B Scirpus calif. Sonoma Creek ½ mi S. Highway 37 Bridge, 3644-3653 all within 5 yds of river's edge Sonoma Co., Calif. C Spartina Salt marsh N. Sonoma Creek, 1¼ mi NW Wingo, 3654-3658 all within 10 yds of slough D Scirpus calif. Sonoma Creek salt marsh Wargo, Sonoma Co., Calif. 3659-3668 all within area 40-15 yds north of S. canpestus on S. bank, yellow-throated, marsh wrens A 3669-3678 all within 25-yds of river bank. Sonoma Creek 5/8 mi N Highway 37 Bridge Sonoma Co., Calif. No running water. Tall trees, lamal etc. Bds very scarce. Many big pools. Saw 3 bds in .3 mi. Then came to a wide place about 100 yd X 50yds which was very open, & had lots young Salix & 6' high Polygonum acre & some Typha. Much clear water in stream bed. Were at least 20 birds here, also some finchins. Was constant activity calling some singing even tho windy.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza Collections Sept - Oct '47 Sonoma Creek, 1 mi S Glen Ellen Sonomalo. Calif. (See Santa Rosa Quadrangle) Open ranks of low willows in patches with bare or rocky ground between. Birds very numerous. Habitat wide - no man-made banks. Could be at least 2 ranks of pairs along here. Willows, incl. grey kind, the predom veg. Also is Alder, Polygonum, blackberry. About 12 birds in 400 yards. The stream is wide here and has permanent running water. I don't believe it is as free from tall trees (canals, maples) above & below this point. Here the growth is low & open & broken; ideal for song sparrows. Col 10 bds. here between the 2 arrows all along or close to water. 3719 - 3728 Sonoma State Home Lake Eldridge Glen Ellen Calabazas Cr. Sonoma Creek Sebastopol, Sonoma Co., Calif. The stream runs thru a flat valley here & pasture. Stream has low dense salsix, blackberry, junipers. Birds abundant. (BM) 182 (Salmon R.) (Coll 4 birds here 1942) Coll 6 here 3713-3718 Sebastopol 138.
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Marshall 1947 Melopiza Collections Sept-Oct '47 Miller Creek 2 1/2 mi W St Vincent Station Marin Co. Caldali (See Petaluma Quadrangle) hiked upstream from here Typha marsh Lucas Valley Road willows willows St Vincent Station Marin Co. Hospital open willow pockets birds noisy & common laural etc big trees little undergrowth Dixie School salt marsh See census made in spring '47 (pp 86-88) 3829-3838 coll along here in order proceeding upstream. There were no birds downstream from 3829 because stream veg is all grazed by cattle & sheep & much of trees cut down. From 3829 to near Marin Co hospital there are very few birds, about 10 only in 1400 yards. 2 causes - too dense overstory of tall trees, laural & oak; blackberry, Polygonum brush limited to little patches by grazing, 100yds apart or so. Usually find a bird where a little brush, however. Was one little patch of Typha, nettles, etc with 3 birds. Bd's amazingly shy along here - windy - (none called except once or twice for a couple) - coll only by seeing them: a) standing perfectly still under blackberry thicket ( saw the spotted chest); b) moving among roots of laural on stream bank (like Canyon Wren) c) flushed from little patches Polygonum. Stream has water - probably permanent. Probably no birds downstream until St Vincent School. Upstream are plenty in open willow growth at Hospital & looks like OK habitat upstream from there. Stream dries up below here & has no brush at all. 3500 12230
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Marshall, 1947 Melo-piza Collections, Sept Oct '47 Corte Madera, Marin Co, Calif. (see Tamalpais quadrangle) These specimens were supposed to represent fresh-water habitat and were taken in patch of pure typha & patch of blackberry 2 yds from it - 8 or 10 lds in vicinity - Actually, however, the Typha is growing in the head of a slough which connects with the salt marsh, and 50 yards from here you get sparrows in Distichlis & little patches of Scirpus campestris along the same slough. So it looks like another spot where is continuity between the 2 habitats. 3784 coll here 3785 3828 Corte Madera Creek SF Bay 140. Green Valley Creek, Cordelia, Solano Co, Calif. (see Carquinez quadrangle) Green Valley Creek no birds here in willows no birds fly & grouped I pair seen here in S. Calif. by the only water - a sewer Green Valley School 40 10 birds coll here along dry creek bed in willows (low thicket) and blackberry, rose etc. No tall trees. Open growth. No birds upstream from this point. 3786-3790 3813-3817 Cordelia No more than 12' birds in this 600 yards. Same no. as spring but now none up or downstream from here BM29 Stougs 20
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Marshall, 1947 Melopiza Oct 18 Green Valley Creek, Cordelia & Vicinity, Solano, Calif. Upstream from the last specimen coll. at arrows on map, preceding page, there were no more birds except the pair at the cesspool at highway where a little standing pool water. Went with Stones 4 1/2 mi upstream from Cordelia to the Green Valley public picnic ground. Creek has been dry all the way for several months - has water now from rain only couple days ago. Still no birds in the picnic area & bog scent area where I have coll. summer birds previously, and where Stones has found 6 pairs, & collected eggs. Stream dries up every year, i.e. birds must move out in late summers to return when if at all? Unlikely that must be recognized every spring. Same birds must return. Saw good song sparrow habitat in this area - low open willow patches, blackberry, Polygonum patches, etc. Coll. a Chestnut-backed Chickadee from a flock in willows, also 2 Creepers from tall straight-trunked oaks. Saw Steller Jays, Hairy Woodpeckers (also Downy & Nuttall), Juncos, Siskins, etc.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza Napa Co. Oct 18 Sisson Creek, Solano Co., Calif.. Stopped several places along creek in good habitat but no water. Open willow thickets, recently dried up Typha, Rose, blackberry etc. No birds. At one place (200 ft Elevation at "Y" 1 mi N Napa Co. Line), saw one bird - was standing water here in creek bed. Rich growth blackberry, nettles, willows. May have been wintering morpina or fislarella however. Along Gordon Creek s.side, gordon Valley Dam (Curry Lake) covered over 1 mile of creek with excellent habitat & found no birds except (one good morphna at Mr. Chadburn's Ranch) morpina & fislerella. Usually these were in Thistle & weeds on dry pasture away from creek, But one or 2 were in blackberry's etc at water edge. The birds must migrate from here. One catch - this creek is permanent & flows out of a year-round spring! Must be an exception which can't upset prevailing habit or genetic trait of birds in this general area to migrate because of streams drying up. This may explain absence of fall birds along Merced R. too. Gordon Creek had Willows, Elders, some lurels (but plenty of open places) Polygonum, blackberry,
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Marshall 1947 Meloprisa Collection Sept Oct '47 143. Fairfield Oct 8 Suisun Slough, Suisun 8 mi N Suisun Hill, Solano Co. Calif. 3765-3769 1st collected along artificial bank of slough marked by lower arrows. Saw only about 5 birds here in 800 yards. Habitat very narrow - about Suisun Slough 4 or 5 yards. Mostly Scirpus olreyi 3' dry, with patches of tall S. acutus about every 75 yds. Birds usually in the latter. Birds very far apart along such a narrow habitat. Up by upper arrows I went to edge of very extensive marsh habitat - tall S. acutus & typha growing together & found birds in their usual abundance. Oct 8 Suisun Bay shore, 3 mi S. Grizzly Isl. Ferry, Solano Co, Calif. Suisun Bay 3770-3779 taken here near bay shore Antioch Quadrangle in natural appearing marsh of tall S. acutus S californicus & typha. On bank was chenopodium, Rose etc. Birds in greatest no. I have ever seen except Southampton Bay. I was on edge of very wide expanse of habitat & could "squeak" birds from far and wide. Shot 6 in same c lump of S. acutus about 5 yds long rattling of the dry stems! No wind. So many in the typha that you could hear constant rattling of the dry stems! No wind.
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Marshall, 1947 Melospiza Collections Sept-Oct '47 Oct 12 Swinson Bay shore, north Sulphur Springs Creek, Solano Co., Calif. (See Carquinez Quadrangle) 3791-3796 Taken here in great expanse of excluded S. campestris & Typha with frequent patches of taller S. acutus where birds usually concentrated. Not numerous. Saw only about 8 birds. Many yellowthroats, Wrens, furled 1 Long-eared owl from Barchais on a dyke. This is same spot where Stone & I coll. 6 birds in Nov 41. There are patches of very tall loose Salicornia plants growing among S. campestris & Typha. Unusual formation.
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Marshall, 1947 Muscipiza Collection Sept Oct - Nov 1 Nov 1 Tomales Bay salt marsh 1/2 mi NW Pt Reyes Sta. Marin Co Calif. the area shown on the map here where coll. these specimens is pure salt marsh & removed from adjacent fresh-water habitat on both sides & at head of Tomales Bay. Bds worn 's spend all their time here. Area marked D is a regular "forest" J (cuneifolia HM) small leaves, some flowers, very thick clear grindelia 2-3' high, not spreading much, far apart, with shoat mat 4coll 10 bds. here 3839-3848] low met of mixed salicornia-Wistichii forming a continuum. Eelitt brush Slough! Scirpus canotus' clumps some of the tiniest & highest slough. Noted Triglochin & Linummin. Bds feed on mud banks (mudflats) & around base of the denser, bigger grindelias which grows (bigger) on edges of sloughs. Sparrows elsewhere. (Here is where I observed a May 5 '46) Salicornia, Triglochin P.R.Reyes Station Typha & Scirpus drayi " " " californicus) willow patch where coll 10 bds. Sept '46 Bds. abundant in or 3-5/6'mth. Pears, occasional singing challenging J's. at N tip of this Zeler grindelia area ran into a regular drove of them (mixed with a few crowned sparrows & tineds?) Must have been 25 Song Sparrows in this loose flock. Salicornia, Triglochin -> dense fringe of S. californicus enlarged see photo bird also in roadside brush where operatore from (us locals) slowg junser, n Triglochin Saw good "scarde chaparral" in north facing slopes of gulch s.Tomales on Hwy 1. Plenty Song Sparrows, lots of crowned sparrows. Pt Reyes thistletis also with - facing
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Marshall, 1948 56 / 32 Melospiza 146 Walnut Creek see Concord Quadrangle same scale Riparian area surveyed Hill S. Ramon C. Hills April 11 Walnut Creek, Contra Costa Co., Calif. 11:20-12:45 PM Clear, calm, sunny, warm. Veg. along stream: Box elder, Buckeye, Salix, Holodiscus, Populus, some A Scirpus, a Typha, Cornus. Rulrus, Rosa, Rhnus diversifola. Plenty of fresh running water at this season. Kingfishers and Black Phoebe's present. Beginning at lower arrow, walked along stream to upper arrows 11:20 - 12:15'. 1st pair in Salix surrounded by Cornus, 1 little patch S. californicus by a large pool. Good start, response of ? torquata's song. ? circled me, singing from various perches. ? would squawk when he or I finished singing. She was down in the Cornus. Another ? singing in patch scrub sallow where stream valley narrowed. (Possible 3rd pair in patch buckeye & elder - twittered at when I sang.) ? singing at last bridge dense clumps Salix, Rosa, perched high.
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Marshall 1948 Melospiza April 11 Walnut Creek, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Last pair on far side of last bridge (upper arrow) in patch of Typha about 30 x 20 yds. Didn't sing but gave alarm note when I sang. Watch foraging. One would ascent Typha stems picking insects off stem like a nutbatches 12:15-45 Return trip upstream - same birds except 2 9 & possible twittering pair. Pair at 0 yards in Typha, 9 at 50 yds, (Twittering was at 270 yds - couldn't find birds), 590 yds (place where 9 singing on 1st trip), 747 yds RR bridge, 840 yds 9 & 9 answered, Seipus Corvinus Setiv. 1350 yds road. This makes pair, 9, 9, pair or representing 4 territories in 1350 yds or a pair every 340 yards. Only a pair and a 9 were in portion covered last fall when stream was dry (see p. 132). There probably accidental, or spread up line from further downstream, or arrows with gardens of residences which are now being built up. I examined these birds closely & found they were just twittering races. (Plenty crowned sparrows, 9 lincolns and Fox Sparrows here)
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Marshall, 1948 Melospiza April 11 Contra Costa Co & Alameda Co. Caly. From Walnut Cr. drove to Moraga - many much good habitat along stream flowing N/E from St. Mary's res. Have looked for birds here before (1940) found none - vagaries of overflow from reservoir. At St. Mary's reservoir found may ss. at stream entrance in extensive typha & Comus growth. Measured typha - streams av. 3-4
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Marshall, 1948 melospiza April Alameda Co. Further there is much bass ground edge of gruidelic belt, between that and Salicornia. I found typical raised banks with gruidelic along line. On many of these banks the grund. was dead & matted down & new stuff beginning to grow thru again. Banks must be raised 6" belt of grund extends inland 6- 10 ft on very gradual slope. May amphipods, caterpillars, insects of all kinds seen on grund under Salicornia. Note that Salicornia is very stiff - a bird could not force its way between stems nor thru the prostrate portion of each bank. However, there is ample room between the bushes & under one side of many of them. Every once in a while I came upon pure patches of Jammaea Frankenia or Distichlis. These in area 2 x 4 yds or so - very dense stems, impossible for sparrows to go in them. Also saw occasional tufts of Triglochin.
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Marshall, 1948 Melospiza April 18 Solano County upland habitat. Covered same localities as on pp 141 & 142 of these notes. (Stoner correspondence had found birds absent from Lake Hermann last November - creek entrance dried ups.) Stoner went along. 1st saw a goaldi at Benicia in Fennel, across st from Faeniculum-Typha area where there were redwings - this is at corner of W end & block where Stoner lives. None known previously from Benicia. Went to Green Valley Creek area. No song sparrows, no chickadees, no creepers. This is marginal SS habitat - getting too shaded by oaks, laurels, alders. Downstream couple miles where strea crosses E-W road were plenty birds along willows & in patch Heaclum & junius. M here had several ten, sang, and chased out fishwells, they retreated to grass fields. None present here last winter. Saw & heard about 5 birds - i.e. in normal abundance - examined with binocs & were goaldi. Then went to Swiss Creek, found M's singing & pairs established in normal nos. at all places roles we stopped last Oct & several more. Pairs giving alarm notes, etc., all typical goaldi, plenty of water in creek. 50-60yds between pairs according to veg. Rare in shallow places where willow scrub growing ongoing! but & acasionally smegt by high water. None in places where oaks or other tall trees. Most where willows occasional & good patches Heaclum & vines. There has been a wholesale influx
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Marshall, 1948 Melopis 151 April 18 Solano Co. uplands Calif. of birds along Green Valley & Suisun creeks. When latter enters hills - up to Curry Lake & Mr. Chadbornes Farm, few birds, older succession ( Laurel Alder). Only one bird found, a # singing at Mr. Chadbornes bridge. Found no frulella either. At Curry Lake went for trip in motorboat, saw an Osprey & ad Bald Eagle. Both have been around a long time, eagle has a mate in all brown plumage which we didn't see. Osprey screams when flushed. They always use same perch - Osprey in dead snag at water's edge by dam, Eagles in Oak or little groggy knoll sticking out into lake. Keepers said Eagles chase ducks & geese, saw Osprey with huge fish. Osprey spends almost all it's time sitting on snag, is more wary than eagles. Or evening is always chased by Night Herons. Went to Lake Hernann - song sparrows abundant in Salix, 3 S. olneyi & Typha at stream inlet. Saw pair alarmed about nest. Heard & saw many more. Note S. olneyi growing in fresh water stream! Conclusions: Song Sparrows have migrated en masse from an unknown wintering ground back to Lake Hernan, Green Valley Creek & Suisun Creek, already well established, paired, territories set up. Have not penetrated marginal habitats in hills except the 1 at Chadbornes - Their absence thurlest winter not indicative.
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Marshall, 1948 Nucespiza June 10 Upper San Francisquito Creek, Palo Alto, Santa Clara Co., Calif. Visited some stretch of creek where found only 6 birds last fall (and coll. three), on Webb Ranch. I singing at 1st pool, & carrying food at second pool (Typha), I singing 100 yds from there , farther on a jun, then 60 yds more to another singing I. In other words 4 pairs represented here in distance where 4 bds found (2 coll.) last fall. Was running water. Now found upstream in denser laurel oak, & alder where was a pool & 2 birds last fall (1 coll.). Downstream from this sector - all was dry last fall & I heard no birds - were plenty singing I's every 50 yds or so. Didn't census here in fall so don't know if real increase or not. But there were plenty birds in area which was dry then, not now. There could have been more then in fall but weren't singing & would have been hard to find. Really doesn't look like migration here therefore - not conclusive. (This lower sector is where I coll. 7 in fall of '41.) Must call attn to vast no. individuals & kinds of birds found at 1st pool (where road crosses creek by
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Marshall, 1948 Melospiza June 10 Upper San Francisquito Creek, Santa Clara Co., Calif. a ford.) : 1 Red-tailed Hawk 1 Scaled Kingfisher 2 Mourning Doves 2 Downy Woodpeckers Pair Ash-throated Flycatchers with not >3 young in artificial water pipe, 18" down. Pair Bewees 2 ps. Phoebes Many Violet-gp. Swallows are alighted in road Many Cliff Swallows Cal Jays ps. Titmice Beirich Wren pair Warbling Vireos pair - bathing Hilton Vireos " pair Yellow Warblers Pair Song Sparrows limits purple finches } bathing pr Bellah Orioles Meadowlarks Brown Blackbird pair bluebirds Chestnut-backed Chickadees
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No. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Date . . . . . . . . Locality Low Leonards Bay, Bay Farm Island, Pleasant Co., Calif. Torres Bay, Marin Co., Calif. Bueno Rendering, Mendocino Co., Calif. Subject Song Sparrow Habitat, negative. Prints are found in "Field Notes" 1946-48, Marshall, J.T. Photographer Joe Marshall . . . . . . .
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Marshall 1946 Tamales Bay Salt Marsh May 5, 1946 Song Sparrow nest in Salicornia
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Marshal 1946 Tamales Bay salt marsh, May 5, 1946 slender plant is triglochin
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Marshall 1946 Salicornia marsh, San Leandro Bay 1946. North end Bay Farm Island, Alameda Co., Calif. looking south Tomales Bay salt marsh, May 5, 1946
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Salinas road San Benito Bay, 1946 North of Laguna Rd. Alameda Co., Calif. [illegible] Tonalis Bay salt ranch May 5, 1946 Tonalis Bay salt ranch Calif. (?) May 5, 1946
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Marshall 1946 Moss Landing, Monterey Co. Apr. 7, 1946. Salt marsh No song sparrows here.
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Moss Landing, Monterey Co salt marsh no song sparrows April 7, 1946 XGDI 149X Moss Landing, Monterey Co salt marsh no song sparrows. April 7, 1946 Moss Landing salt marsh Monterey Co., Calif. Salinas marsh no song sparrows XGDI April 7, 1946
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