Field notes, v4149

Pitelka, Frank A. (Frank Alois), 1916-2003

Unknown

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

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Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Contributed by Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. | www.biodiversitylibrary.org

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Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from CLIR https://archive.org/details/fieldnotesv414900pite

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F.A. Pitelka 1942-1988 General Index Journal 1942-1947 Calif: San Francisco Bay Region Canada: British Columbia 1948 Calif: Madera Co. 1966 Calif: Alameda Co. Species Accounts 1947-1988

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F.A. Pitelka 1942-1988 Journal 1942-1947 Calif: San Francisco Bay Region Canada: British Columbia 1948 Calif: Madera Co. 1966 Calif: Alameda Co.

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FRANK A. PITELKA 1942-1945 SAN FRANCISCO BAY REGION JOURNAL

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Piteka 1942 July 11 Wolsey Canyon, Berkeley, 800 ft., Alameda Co., Calif. This morning between 10 and 11 o'clock, I walked along the north face of the ridge separating Wolsey and Strawberry Canyons, from where J. T. Marshall reported several interesting species -- including Lawrence Goldfinches and Gaschecker Finch - which he had observed on July 10. I took a circuitous route, following the the margin of the oak-Umbellularia stand along the creek up to the lower limit of the Artemesia, not far from the upper end of the canyon forest, then turned southward over the open hills for a short distance, then westward north of the Cyclotron and back to the mouth of the canyon. This route included the wildest growths along a shallow drainage course running NNW from the vicinity of the Cyclotron into Wolsey Canyon. California Quails called in the marginal thickets along the edge of the oaks and bay trees! Anna Hummers were encountered frequently. Both a Downy and a Hairy Woodpecker were heard calling within the deeper, lower end of the canyon. The Hairy was heard

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Patelka 1942 July 11 Woleey Canyon, Berkeley, 800 ft., Alameda Co., Calif. while I was coming up as well as coming down, it may be established here. Yesterday Marshall reported one from the Eucalyptus trees near the Greek Theatre (Univ. of Calif. campus). Two family groups of Stellar Jay were present - one at the lower end, the other at the upper end of the canyon. These included well-grown young. Well-grown young of the Califor- nia Jay were also seen. Of particular interest was a fledgling, out of the nest, probably less than one day, which was present in an oak tree on the campus near Cowell Hospital. Other species present in the canyon forest were Carpodacus purpureus, Thryomanes bewickii, Chamaea fasciata, Psaltriparus minimus, Bauclephus moematus, Pipilo maculatus, Ripisio fuscus (along margin), Empidonax difficilis, Hyloichla ustulata, Melopyros melano- cephalus, and Vireo solivis. One individual of Myiarches richardsonii was present in the Eucalyptus and Cypress trees along the field margins north of the Greek Theatre. Marshall saw several yesterday on the shrubets over the open slopes on the north-facing slope,

Patelka 1942 July 11 Wolsey Canyon, Berkeley, 800 ft, Alameda Co., Cal. there were Spizella passerina (adults with well-grown young), Parusina anvena and Melospiza melodia. In the open fields (vicinity of willow thickets mentioned earlier) there were several species feeding on seeds of the dried grasses and herbs. These were Carpodacus mexicanus, Spinus pinus, S. psaltria; and S. laurencei. Only one or two individuals of the siskin and green-backed goldfinch were present but there were at least 10 or 12 Lawrence goldfinches. Marshall reported 2 or 3 times as many being present yesterday.

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Patelka 1942. Sept. 13 Mole Canyon, Berkeley, 80 ft, Alameda Co., Calif. Birds observed between 11 and 12 o'clock A.M. along the south edge of the canyon forest: Cooper Hawk, 1 over oaks. Red-tailed Hawk 1 flying overhead; also heard screeing earlier from a perch site within the canyon oaks. Spanow Hawk, 1 over field to south California Quail, small flock in brush along border Anna Hummingbird, several in openings: Red-shafted Flicker, 1 calling down incanyon. Steller Jay, several incanyon. California Jay, " " " Plain Titmouse, 2. Bush-Tit, 1 flock of about 12 along south edge; later a second flock near upper end of canyon. Wren-tit; Several calling or singing near upper end. Bewick Wren; 1 in canyon. House Finch; several over open country along south border. Spotted Towhee, 1 in canyon Brown Towhee, 1 along south edge White-crowned Sparrow; several in willow thickets along south tributary; Song Sparrow. Two in willows, also. Western Flycatchers, at least two in willows

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Peters 1942 Sept. 13. Wolsey Canyon, Berkeley, Socpx., Alameda Co., Calif. one of these gave a weak call in characteristic tone and pattern, so that I was able to identify it definitely. House Wren, I singing intermittently in eucalyptus south of the mouth of the canyon (north of Greek Theatre). Cedar Waxwing - flocking nine flying over canyon, Green-backed Goldfinch - 1 along south edge. Sept. 20 7:30-9:30 A.M. (in company with Prof. W. Storer). walked along north edge up to horsepath crossing canyon just west of large Baccharis patch. Red-tailed Hawk, 1 Sparrow Hawk, 1 Calif. Quail, two flocks: one near canyon mouth, the other along the willow draw, consisting of two family groups, one of two adults with 7 yng. undergoing what app. post- juvenal molt; the others, nearby and earlier apparently combined with the first had two adults and at least 8 full grown young. Horned Owl - 1 pr. in lower part of canyon; both members of pair called, sometimes individually, sometimes together;

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Pitche 1942 Sept. 20. Mulvey Canyon, Berkeley, 800 ft., Alameda Co., Caly. Male called usually with this pattern of notes ; -- - - - - 1 ; Female called thus [illegible] her pitch was about 2 notes higher than that of the male. Anna Hummingbird, 1 Red-shafted Flicker, 1 Black Phoebe, 1 in open area west of willow draw. Steller Jay, 2 California Jay, 2 Bush-tit - 1 flock near uppeand. Wren-tit - 2 Bewick Wren, 1 Hutton Vireo, 1 on south slope; sang occasionally. Purple Finch, 1 flying over, calling. House Finch, 1 in open area south of willow draw. Spotted Towhee, 2 Brown Towhee, 1 Junco, 2 near willow draw. White-crowned Sparrow, 6 in flock along willow draw. Song Sparrow, 2. ? Yellow Warbler, 1 ? Blue-gray Gnatcatcher, 1 ? Western Flycatcher, 1

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Patelka 1942 Sept. 20 Walsey Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Lincoln Sparrow, 1 m willows g Willow draw Total - 21 sp. Oct. 24. 9:30 a.m. - 11:00 - Buds observed from sharp U-turn near mouth to horse coral, along south side: Cooper Hawk, 1 Red-tailed Hawk, 1 over fields to south. Sparrow Hawk, 1 California Quail, several. Killdeer, 1 on north slope. Anna Hummingbird, 3; male in willow draw calling and diving. Flicker, 3 Hairy Woodpecker, 1 Black Phoebe, 1 near Willow Draw. Steller Jay, 3 California Jays, 4 Plain Tit, 1 Bush-tit, small flock Red-breasted Nuthatch, 1 Wren-tit, 6 Bewick Wren, 3 Narrow-tailed Thrush, 4 Golden-crowned Kinglet, 1 Ruby-crowned Kinglet, 5 Meadowlark, flock of 4+ above willow draw.

Petelka 1942 Oct. 24. Wolley Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Caly. Pine Siskin, 2 American Goldfinch, 1 flying over canyon Gun-backed Goldfinch, 5 Spotted Towhee, 5 Brown Towhee, 3 Oregon Junco, 3 White-crowned Sparrow, 6 Golden-crowned Sparrow, 2 Song Sparrow, 3 Nov. 7 Golden gate Park, San Francisco, San Mateo Co., Caly. Joe Marshall and I spent some- time between three and four p.m. observing birds to the east of the Academy and aquarium buildings. We found bird life scarce, although the weather was favorable (cool, sunny, calm). At one spot on a pine and oak covered ridge with scattered patches of shrubbery, there was an interesting loose flock of birds feeding in the trees and upper parts of tall shrubs. This flock consisted of at least six Bushtits (which apparently constituted the nucleus), 2 Ruby-crowned Kinglets, 2 Chestnut-backed Chickadees, 1 Red-

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Pitelka 1942 Nov. 7 Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, San Mateo Co., Calif. Breasted Thrush, and 2 Audubon Warblers. Occasionally certain members of the flock wandered off a ways, but the group moved along more or less as a unit.

Patelka 1943 Journal March 5 9:30 Last night there was a heavy rain, and this morning there is more than the usual amount of activity on our slope. In and about the row-apple tree are three species of Turdidae - about a dozen Robins, at least Two Hermit Thrushes, and a beautiful male Varied Thrush, all, of course, feeding on the berries. There is also at least one Cedar Waxwing. March 19 Berkeley campus. First Brewer Blackbirds noted. 20 Berkeley campus. First Cliff Swallows (flock of 8) and Warbling Vireo noted. 20 Canyon Road, near mouth of Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley Bird species noted to feed on berries of English row during January and February: Robin Varied Thrush Hermit Thrush White-tit Golden-crowned Sparrow Cedar Waxwing Purple Finch! Fox Sparrow. April 1 L.S.B., U.C. campus. A pair of White-throated Swifts is flying about the nesting sites of Cliff Swallows at the southwest corner of Life Sciences Bldg. There are about 15

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Patecka 1942 April 1 L.S.B., U.C. campus Cliff Swallows present, also. 2. Swallow and Swifts present. Swifts repeatedly have been noted to fly towards the services occupied by swallow nests while I watched them from 4th floor windows. In the afternoon, I watched them outside for about 5 minutes, during which time one of the birds entered one of the cliff Swallow nests, remained there a few seconds, then left. 3. Swallows and Swifts absent 4. No observations 5. Swift heard outside of L.S.B. about 9 a.m. 6. Western Bluebird seen atop one of the flag poles at south end of Stadium. Swifts and Swallows around L.S.B. 7 Swifts & swallows absent 8 " " " " Black-headed Grasshopper singing near home. 9 { Swifts and Swallows present near and about 10 L.S.B. 13} Swifts present. 19 Swifts present for brief period in the afternoon 21 Swifts again present for brief period around 2:30 p.m.

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Pitche 1943 April 4 Vicinity of Greek Theater and mouth of Strawberry Canyon, Univ. of Calif., Berkeley. Zenaida macroura - calling in Eucalyptus tree north of Greek theater. Troglodytes aedon - singing mouth of Canyon Road near mouth of Strawberry Canyon. Spizella passerina singing on jamies on Big

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Pitika, 1942. Wolsey Canyon. 1942 1943 7/11 9/13 9/20 10/4 10/25 3/14 4/4 4/11 Cooper Hawk v v v 18 1 Red-tailed Hawk v v v v v 1pr 1pr Sparrow Hawk v v v 1 California Quail v v v v v 1pr 2pr Horned Owl v Anna Hummer v v v v v 2 Red-shafted Flicker v v v 1pr Downy Wdphr v Navy Wdphr v Black Phoebe v v v Steller Jay v v v v v 1 Caly. Jay. v v v v v 3 6 Plain Titmouse v v v v 1 1 Bush-tit v v v v 6 8 Wren-tit v v v v v 2 6 Berwick Wren. v v v v v v 3 6 Caly. Thrasher. Hutton Vines v v 1 Purple Finch v v 3 6 House Finch v v v v v 2 Gr-backed Goldfinch v v v 2 Spotted Towhee v v v v v v 3 4 10/4 9/4 3/14 4/4 4/11 Brown Towhee v v v v v v 2 4 Oregon Junco v v 1 6 White-c Sparrow v v v v 10 Song sparrow. v v v v v v 1 5 Western Flycatcher v v 1 Lawrence Goldfinch v Pine Siskin v v 1 American Goldfinch v v 1 Russset-back Thrush v Black-headed Grosbeak v 1 2 Warbling Vines v 2 Chipping Sparrow v 2 Lazuli Bunting v Cliff Swallon Pileolated Warbler sey Canyon. 1943 12/44 v v 1 1 v v v 1 1 12 1 1 4 1 6 1

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Pitelka, 1942. Wolsey Canyon. 1942 1943 7/11 9/13 9/20 10/4 10/25 3/14 4/4 4/11 Cooper Hawk v v v 18 1 Red-tailed Hawk v v v v v 1pc 1pc Sparrow Hawk v v v 1 Pitelka, 1942. Wolsey Canyon. 1942 1943 9/13 9/20 10/4 10/25 3/14 4/4 4/11 Cedar Waxwing Yellow Warbler Lincoln Sparrow v Golden-cr Sparrow v v 2 Meadowlark Hermit Thrush v 1 1 Golden-crt Kinglet Red-breasted Nuthatch. v Ruby-crowned Kinglet 1 Allen Hummer 1 12 Winter Wren 1 Auberon Warbler 1 4 Western Bluebird 1 Cliff Swallow 6 Pale-colored Warbler 1

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Plebe 1943 May 20-23 Dillon Beach and vicinity, Marin Co., Calif. 1) Gavia immer - several seen near the mouth of Tomales Bay on May 21 and 23. 2) Gavia stellata - one seen near the mouth of Tomales Bay on May 23. 3) Aeclomophorus occidentalis - one seen near the mouth of Tomales Bay, May 21. 4) Cidera herodias - one seen over dunes also several on T.B. mud flats southwest of Dillon Beach, on May 23. 5) Branta nigricans - one pair observed feeding on Zoetara near the mouth of Tomales Bay on May 23. 6) Melanitta deglandi - 10 or 15 in the vicinity of Sand Point on May 21 and 23. 7) Melanitta perspicillata - several in the vicinity of Sand Point on May 21 and 23. 8) Mergus serrator - two or three seen near mouth of Tomales Bay; May 21 and 23. 9) Cathartes aura. flying over hills, inland from Dillon Beach, May 20 and 23. 10) Falco sparverius - several seen inland from Dillon Beach, May 20. 11) Lophortyx californica. - Dillon Beach (DB). 12) Charadrius nivosus - one seen along open beach bordering dunes, May 23. 13) Pelidna alpina - two on mud flats, near mouth of Tomales Bay, May 21.

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Pitelka 1943 May 20, -23 Dillon Beach 14) Croethia alba - several seen May 21 and 23 along open beach. 15) Larus occidentalis - several dozen feeding over mud flats near mouth of Tomales Bay, May 21 and 23. 16) Trito alba - remains of a dead one found on beach, May 20, male 17) Calypte anna - one seen in gardens of the village, May 22. 18) Selasphorus alleni - common. D.B. 19) Sayornis nigricans - two pairs, D.B. 20) Myiochanes rickardsoni - one in village about cyperus and eucalypt trees, May 22. 23) Petrochelidon albifrons - small colony of 4 pairs building under leaves of one of the cottages, D.B. 24) Corvus corax - vicinity of D.B. 25) Poeltropus minimus - one pair, D.B. 26) Turdus migratorius - several pairs, D.B. 27) Hylocichla mustelata - ", ", " 28) Sialia mexicana - ", ", " 29) Agelaius phoeniceus - one pair, Roland Pond, D.B. 30) Euphagus cyanocephalus - common, D.B. 31) Carpodacus mexicanus - ", " 32) Spinus pinus - common, D.B. 33) Spinus tristis - ", "

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Peterson 1943 May 20-23 Dillon Beach 34) Passerculus sandwichensis - common, Sand Point. 35) Zonotrichia leucophrys - one or two pairs, D.B. Noticeably reduced in numbers from two years ago. Absent in the dunes. 36) Melospiza melodia - several pairs, D.B. 37) Junco erythrogaster - one pair, D.B. 38) Progne subis - one flying high above mud flats near Sand Point, May 23. Characteristic call heard several times.

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Patteker 1943 Sept. 5 Strawberry Canyon This afternoon, Dorothy Patteker and I found a flock of about 6 warblers feeding in pines along the fire trail leading along the south slope from the top of Panoramic Way. Two of them were D. townsendi; one (possibly two) was D. occidentalis. The only notes heard were the sharp notes characteristic of the townsendi-occidentalis-migrans triviarate. There was one Halton Vireo and a Piloted Warbler with them. Several Juniors were also present nearby. Sept. 7 - U.C. campus. Red-breasted Nuthatch, Brewer's Blackbird flying over campus and Yellow Warbler noted today, further attesting to the onset of southward migration. Sept. 15. Warblers moving through a flock seen in thickets back of Art House. At least there were 8-10 birds, including 2, possibly 3 Yellow Warblers. Sept. 26 Golden Gate Park, San Francisco, Calif. 1-3 p.m. Calypso anna Psalophorus alleni Dryobates fulvescens Postricarius minimus Penitentes suffuscens Thryomanes bewickii Vires haltoni Spinus pinus Spinus tristis Pipilo maculatus Junco arogans Conosticha leucophrys Melospiza melodia Empidonax difficilis Dendroica aestiva Wilsonia pusilla Dendroica townsendi

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Petekka 1943 Sept. 30. U.C. Campus, Berkeley. First wave of Zonotrichias arrived small today. Numerous, loose, and restless flocks noted about shrubbery patches. Birds (i.e., Zonotrichia) called repeatedly, with a bird or two singing intermittently in some flocks. Besides Zonotrichia leucophrys and Z. coronata, one Wilsonia pusilla was noted on campus. Several Hutton Vires were noted in places where they weren't seen earlier and probably constituted part of the migrant group. With some of the Zonotrichias, there were Song Sparrows, from whose behavior and local occurrence it was clearly evident that these were migrant birds, also. Oct. 1 - Additional Zonotrichias arrived over-night. A number of Audubon Warblers also appeared. Oct. 25 5:30 p.m. - Sky hazy and partly cloudy. A number of geese heard flying overhead, southwardly directed. Nov. 7 Bay Farm Island, Alameda Co., Calif. 7:30-12:30 P.M. Went down to observe water birds and especially Sandpipers with Robert W. Storer, Malcolm Jullie, Three walked along road between marshes and golf course, about 3/4 mi. and Wade Fox, walked along highway; about 1/2 mile south of the bridge, thence westward for about 3/4 mile along a dirt road paralleling a water

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Putecha 1943 Nov. 7 Bay Farm Island, Alameda Co., Calif. margin on flooded lands. The tide was high. Western Grebe, 1 Brown Pelican, 1 + 1 flocks of 7 or 8. Double-crested Cormorant, 25 Great Blue Heron, 1 Egret, 6 Black-crowed Egret, 30 Pintail, 1000+ Green-winged Teal, 2 Golden-eye, 4. Ruddy Duck, 8. Marsh Hawk, 1 Pigeon Hawk, 1 Harrook Hawk, 4 Clapper Rail, 2 Coot, 50 Semi-domesticated Plover, 30, Killdeer, 15 Black-tailed Plover, 300+ Ruddy Turnstone, 1 Black Turnstone, 1 Wilson Snipe, 5 Willet, 150+ Greater Yellow-leg, 30 Least Sandpiper, 1000+ Red-backed Sandpiper, 200 Dowitcher, 50. Western Sandpiper, 700. Sanderling, 15 Marbled Godwit, 150. Avocet, 8. Glossous-winged Gull, 1 Western Gull, 6 California gull, 15 Ring-tailed gull, 1 Bonaparte Gull, 25 Torstella Tern, 100 Burrowing Owl, 7 Anna's Hummingbird, 1 Kingfisher, 1 Beach Phoebe, 2 Marsh Wren, 1 Pipit, 25 Shrike, 2 Audubon Warbler, 6 Yellow-throat, 4 Meadowlark, 25 Brewer Blackbird, 35 House Finch, 5 Savannah Sparrow, 30 White-crowned Sparrows 75 Song Sparrows, 5.

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Peteika 1943 Nov. 7 Bay Farm Island, Alameda Co., Calif. Of special interest to me were the Pigeon Hawk and Burrowing Owl. The Pigeon Hawk was observed to fly into a flock of small sandpipers (which took wing as the hawk approached) and take one of them, apparently on wing. The hawk then flew southward, carrying the sandpiper, and not far from the site of the take, the pigeon hawk was attacked by a Sparrow Hawk which pounced upon the former several times. The pigeon hawk dropped his prey, returning to the water margin and perching on a post. Later this bird, probably a female (judging by size; the color could have been that of an immature or adult bird), moved to a cypress tree, where it remained perched, apparently watching for small passerines. Later, this bird was seen circling over the open country near the golf course, where another Sparrow Hawk darted at it. The burrowing owls were observed on open, drained marshland south of the golf course. The land was deeply and irregularly furrowed as a result of excessive drying. Some of the owl burrows appeared to be cavities resulting from this drying; others appeared to have been dug. A number of pellets were collected.

Peteekq 1943 Nov.6. Berkeley Hills, Alameda Co., Calif. Hiked up Panoramic Way and onto ridge above the blind school over- looking Claremont Canyon. One Calif. Jay was noted sunning itself on a perch overlooking a stretch of Baccharis chaparral on a south-facing slope. A Rufous-crowned Sparrow was present on one of the high grass slopes where there were scattered Baccharis shrubs. An adult male Cooper's Hawk was seen flying only a few feet above the ground over one of the grass-covered hills, apparently hunting for small passerines. Two Fliskers were noted in the canyon behind the blind school. Dec.29 Canyon Road, Berkeley Robin and Spotted Towhee noted feeding on ivy berries. 1944 Jan.23. Oakland: Mottled Dusky-owl and Willets noted among other smaller sandpipers on tidal flats along Bay Bridge approach. Feb.27 Woolsey Canyon - Oaks, buckeyes, and Baccharis breaking out with new foliage in several local areas, most generally true of Baccharis. Two lupine shrubs in blossom (i.e., westward) on lower south facing slope of canyon

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Petalca 1944 April 17 U.C. campus -- flock of willets passed over the campus at dusk, moving northward. They called repeatedly. April 23 Woolley Canyon -- first crop of oak moth larvae have emerged in trees along the south edge. There was a marked density of birds about these trees, including California Juncy, Brown Towhees, Bush-tits, Black-headed Grosbeak, Purple Finch, (June Siskin), and Pile-olated Warbler. June 5 U.C. campus -- Black and White Warbler (Mniotilta varia), in song, observed several times by Wade Fox and G.H. Miller in oaks near SW corner of L.S.B. June 17 Woolley Canyon -- Full grown young of several species are scattered through the canyon, in suitable habitats, of course, but in localities where established pairs of each respective species have not been recorded: Tommow, Hutton Varies, Junecy, Orange-crowned Warbler, Song Sparrow.

Puebla 1944 June 28 Bootjack Camp, through Steep Ravine to Stinson Beach, Marin Co., Calif. Ardea herodias, 3 Nycticorax nycticorax, 3 Zonotrichia leucophrys, 3 Melospiza melodia, 3 Oxychlois vocifera, 5 Petrochelidon albifrons, 3. Hydroprogne caspia, 5 Zonotrichia leucophrys, 3 Zonotrichia leucophrys, 3 Calypso anna, 3 Sula nebouxii, 3 Balanophora formicaria, 1 Empidonax difficilis, 1 and 2 Nuttallornis vespertinus, 1 Otocoris alpestes, 5 Tachycineta thalassina, 3. Hirundo erythrogaster, 3 Cyanecitta stelleri, 1 Apelocoma californica, 1 and 3 Corvus corax, 1, 3 Corvus brachyrhynchos, 1, 3. Penthestes rufescens, 1, 2, 3. Paratripares bisonnesus, 1, 3. Certhia familiaris, 2. Chamaea fasciata, 1, 3. Cannabidium melaleucus, 2. Thryomanes bewickii, 1, 3. Turdus migratorius, 1, 3. Hylocichla guttata, 1, 2. Hylocichla ustulata, 3, Alectoris mexicana, 3. Regulus satrapa, 2 (heard only). Vireo olivaceus, 1, 3. Vermivora celata, 1. Dendroica occidentalis, 1. Wilsonia pusilla, 1, 2, 3. Aspalathus glauca, 3 Icterus parisorum, 1 Euphagus cyanocephalus, 3. Planga ludoviciana, 1. Leiothlypis melanocephala, 1. Passerina amoena, 5. Carduelis purpurea, 1 Carduelis mexicana, 1. Sporius pusillus, 1, 3. Arenaria tristis, 3. Pylos maculatus, 1, 3 Pylos fuscus, 1, 3. Oderdellus sandwicensis, 5. Ammodramus savannarum, 5. Junco oreganus, 1. Apzelia granosa, 1. 1 = Bootjack Camp 2 = Steep Ravine 3 = Stinson Beach. 53 species

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Petelka 1944 Nov. 18 Dillon Beach, Marin Co., California (Village area southwest to Sand Point and mouth of Tomales Bay). Pelecanus erythrorhynchos, 3 seen at Sand Point. Pelecanus occidentalis, 6+ seen at Sand Point. Phalacrocorax auritus, several flying over water. Ardea herodias, 1 flying over sand dunes. Branta nigricans, hundreds observed flying in from open sea into Tomales Bay. Melanitta deglandi, several seen near Sand Point. Melanitta perspicillata, seen along beach and at Sand Point. Squatarola squatala, three inside Sand Point. Capella delicata, 1 reported by S.B. Benson from marsh area in sand dunes. Ereuntes mauri, several flocks near Sand Point. Calidris alba, scattered flocks along beach. Larus occidentalis } scattered individuals along Larus delawarensis } beach, loose flock at Sand Point. Larus heermanni, one on beach near village at least Penthestes reflexus } several fleach in small flock Regulus Satrapa. } moving about syprus ras in village. Dendroica townsendi Carpodacus mexicanus Spinus junius Zonotrichia coarata Zonotrichia leucophrys Miloedra meloprgza } Noted in village & Dillon Beach.

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Patelka 1945 Feb. 18 Woolsey Canyon Made a short trip into Woolsey Canyon area to take photographs. The following observations deserve notation: Accipiter cooperi - one circling over canyon, flying eastward. Buteo borealis - one pair at NW corner, one pair at SE corner of Woolsey Tract; [illegible] a fifth and apparently single bird soaring over SW corner. Calypso anna - male hummingbird present along west south edge near Bachman tongue, where one, and almost certainly the same individual, was present all last winter, spring, & summer. The identical post occupied then was occupied today. Colaptes cafer - One flushed from open field near SW corner flew into Eucalyptus grove along south border. Another seen flying along canyon toward South Branch. Sialia mexicana - A flock of about 20 individuals arose from north side of tract and flew eastward. Sturnella neglecta - Several heard from upper slopes in eastern part of Woolsey tract. March 9 U.C. campus, Berkeley, Calif. Paul Dily and Wade Fox both reported Lesser Scaups present on Strawberry Pool.

Pitche 1945 June 9-11 Dillon Beach, Marin County, California Pelecanus occidentalis, flock observed feeding off Pelican Point, when tide was coming in; May 20. Nycticorax nycticorax, one flying overhead northwardly, May 19. Branta nigricans, a lone individual off Sand Point on May 21. Cathartes aura, several seen at short distance inland from Dillon Beach. Lophortyx Californica, along Andrew Creek. Iaruis occidentalis, Common br mud flats and beach. (No other species of Iarus noted; Reermannii definitely absent; there may have been immatures, a few only, of californicus). Selasphorus allenii, in the village. Sayornis nigricans, several pairs in the village Stilgidoptyx serrigena, a pair along Andrew Creek. Sturnus erythrogaster, one pair in the village. Aetheloidon albifrons, small colony on rocks at short distance inland from village; more in the village, as in 1943. Apilocoma coerulescens, a family(?) present along Andrew Creek, inland from village. Corvus corax, several seen along beach. Centhestes rufescens, one seen in eucalyptus grove along Andrew Creek, near barns, in the village. Turdus migratorius, one or two pairs in the village, apparently breeding. Hylachites uskklata, at least one pair in the village. Sialia mexicana, several pairs Euphagus cyanocephalus, common Passer domesticus, a few Carpodacus mexicanus, common Spinus pinus, common Spinus tristis, common Zonotrichia leucophrys, several pairs Melospiza melodia, several pairs. [illegible] in the village.

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Patelna 1945 June 20-21 Woolsey Canyon. -- Young of several species scattered through canyon and moving about irregularly: Downy Woodpecker, Plain Titmouse, Bewick Wren, Wren-tit, Song Sparrow; Brown Towhee, Spotted Towhee. It is impossible to make any more than a crude estimate of the increase in population in terms of the more prominent species. It is at least doubled, possibly tripled. With the titmouse and downy, the increase is more striking when the nesting has been successful, since only one pair each was present. Young Rufous-crowns, Chipping Sparrows and Oregon Juncos observed feeding together forming loose flocks in chaparral edges of the upper part of North Draw.

Pitecka 1945 July 12-14 Bolinas and vicinity, Marin Co., Calif. Releanus occidentalis.-A flock of about 60 individ- uals seen on Bolinas Lagoon. Phalacrocorax auritus. -Several seen flying past the outter Bolinas Beach, toward Bolinas head, each evening. Ardea herodias.-About 6 or 8 feeding on intertidal flats of Bolinas Lagoon. Nycticorax nycticorax.-As with previous species; about as common as the Great Blue Heron, also. Erimatura jamaicensis. -Three (20's and one ? or immature) seen on Bolinas Lagoon on the 14th. Cathartes aura. -Seen along Route 1 north of Bolinas. Buter borealis. -Same as previous. Circus hudsonius.-Several seen over open country along the approach to Point Reyes; none inland or nearer to Bolinas. Talo sparverius.-Along Route 1 north of Bolinas. Lophortyx californica.-Common locally. Ortychus vociferus.-Heard on open fields NW of Bolinas Larus occidentalis. -Common along beaches. Larus heermanni. -Fairly common along beaches; ratio of immatures to adults is about 3:1.

Petelka 1945 July 12-14 Bolinas and vicinity, Marin Co., Calif. Hydroprogne caspia. - One seen on Bolina's Lagoon on the 13th. Zenaidaura macroua. - Fairly common. Calopte anna. - Several immature lucis and adult males noted in gardens of the village. Iclasphorus allenii. - Abundant. megaceryla alcyon. - Several along east Coloptes cafer. side of Bolinas lagoon. Dryobates villosus. - One, on the 13th. Empidonax difficilis. Nuttallornis borealis. Otocoris alpestris. - Several heard singing at dusk on open fields NW of Bolinas on 12th. Tachycineta thalassina'. - Family group seen at Inverness on the 13th. Stelgidopteryx serripennis. - At least a few pairs established in and about village. Hirundo erythrogaster. - Common locally. Petr chelidon albifrons. - Common locally. Progne subis. - One pair seen over Bolinas Lagoon on the 13+h. Cyanocitta stelleri'. - North of Bolina's. Aphelocona californica. - Immature seen in brush on top of Bolinas Hill; not common locally. Corvus corax. - North of Bolinas. Corvus bradyrhynchos. - Three seen along

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Petelka 1945 July 12-14 Bolinas & vicinity, Marin Co., Calif. east shore of Bolinas Lagoon on the 14th. Centhestes rufescens. - North of Bolinas. Psaltriparus minimus. - Not common. Chamaea fasciata Thryomanes bewickii Turdus migratorius Hylocichla mustelina. Sialia mexicana. Vireo huttoni Sturnella neglecta. - North of Bolinas. Euphagus cyanocephalus. - locally common. Hedydipne melanocephala. Passer domesticus. Carpodacus purpureus. C. mexicanus. Spheniscus gannicus. S. tristis S. psaltria. Pipilo fuscus P. maculatus. Passerulus sandwichensis Zonotrichia leucophrys Melospiza melodia

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Plelka 1945- June 13 Entrance to Pierce Ranch, W of Inverness, Marin Co., Calif. Pine-oak woodland, more or less open, scattered brush patches. Melospiza melodia Zonotrichia leucophrys Junco oreganus Capilo fuscus, few only. Spinus junius. Carpodacus mexicanus C. purpureus. Wilsonia pusilla Sialia mexicana Thryomanes bewickii Certhia familiaris Sitta pygmaea Penthestes rufescens Corvus corax Empidonax difficilis Nuttallornis borealis Colaptes cafer. Calypso anna, several (one adult, one or more immature) Selasphorus allenii.

Patelka 1945 July 15 Woolsey Canyon. - Post breeding move- ments in evidence today from obser-vations of [illegible] species absent from Woolsey Canyon as breeders (Deterus bullockii and Troglodytes ailon), as well [illegible] as species present in situations where none was established earlier (Vireo gilvus, V. huttoni). (Evidence of post- breeding movement first conspicuous on the campus during 1st week of July.)

Petelha 1946 Examples of interspecific intolerance. April 21 Woolsey Canyon. Oregon junco, ad. ?, chased Pine Siskin vigorously, from oak where both were feeding on oak-moth larvae. May 2. Berkeley.- California Jay, ad. ?, chased Brown Towhees from nest tree. May 5 Woolsey Canyon. - Bush-tit chased Orange-crowned Warbler from oak neighboring a smaller one in which a partially built nest was present. Chase a circling and persistent one.

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Piteika 1946- 1947 1 mi. N Montara, 100 ft. (approx.), San Mateo Co., Calif. April 13, 1946* April 5, 1947 May 15, 1948 Bewick Wren 5-1 ✓ ✓ Wren tit 6¹ ✓ ✓ House Finch 18 ✓ ✓ Yellowthroat 1 ✓ ✓ Piloted Warbler 2 ✓ ✓ Red-tailed Hawk 1 American Goldfinch 7¹ ✓ Song Sparrow 5 ✓ ✓ White-crowned Sparrow 3¹ ✓ (near road)✓ Orange-crowned Warbler 4 ✓ Bush-tit 3 ✓ ✓ Jlisker 1 Spotted Towhee 6¹ ✓ ✓ Sharp-shinned Hawk 1 California Thrasher 1¹ 1 ✓ Raven ✓ and individuals *Species listed between 9:25-10:25 A.M. (average) ¹Also recorded in chaparral on Mt. Diablo, Contra Costa Co., April 27, 1946; other species noted were Bell Sparrow California Jay Plain Titmouse Anna Hummingbird Selasphorus sp. Tolmie Warbler Turkey Vulture white-throated Swift Blue-gray Gnatcatcher.

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Pitelka 1946 May 21-29 Birds observed near Vernon and Okanagan Landing, British Columbia Aechmophorus occidentalis Columbus auritus Gavia immer Chlidonias nigra Anas platyrhynchos Mareca americana Querquedula discors Aythya americana Aythya affinis Glaucionetta islandica Erisomatura jamaicensis Porzana carolina Fulica americana Lobipes lobatus (May 26) Actitis macularia Oxyechus vociferus Zenaidura macroura Accipiter cooperii Buteo jamaicensis Falco columbarius Pandeon haliaetus Sphyrapicus thyroideus Asyndesmus lewis Colaptes cafer Selasphorus rufus Stellula calliope Tyrannus tyrannus Tyrannus verticalis Myiochanes richardsonii Empidonax traillii Empidonax wrightii Pica pica Corvus corax Corvus brachyrhynchos Molothrus ater Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus Agelaius phoeniceus Sturnella neglecta Icterus bullockii Hesperiphona vespertina Carpodacus mexicanus Carpodacus purpureus Carpodacus cassinii Spinus tristis Spinus pinus Poecetes gramineus Passerculus sandwichensis Chondestes grammacus Spizella passerina Spizella pallida Junco oreganus Melospiza melodia Pipilo maculatus Passerina amoena Piranga ludoviciana Petrochelidon albifrons Hirundo rustica Iridoprocne bicolor Tachycineta thalassina Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Bombycilla cedrorum Vireo olivaceus Vireo gilvus Vermivora ruficapilla Dendroica aestiva Dendroica auduboni Oporornis tolmiei Wilsonia pusilla Setophaga ruticilla Anthus rubescens Dumetella carolinensis Troglodytes troglodytes Troglodytes aedon Sitta canadensis Penthestes atricapillus Penthestes gambelii Regulus calendula Hylocichla fuscescens Hylocichla guttata Turdus migratorius Sialia currucoides Lophortyx californica Phasianus colchicus Perdix perdix Passer domesticus Geothlypis trichas Total, 86 species.

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Pitelka 1948 April 30 - May 1 San Joaquin Experimental Range, Madera County, Calif. Birds observed in oak-june woodland, unless otherwise noted: Cathartes aura Euphagus cyanocephalus Molothrus ater Butes jamaicensis Hedydipnes melanocapulus Falco sparverius Carpodacus mexicanus, Lophortyx californica Pipilo maculatus Zenaidura macroura Pipilo fuscus Tritos alba (near hdgts) rep'd by Chondestes grammacus. Bruner Atus asio Spizella passerina Bolonoptyra formicivora Zonotrichia coronata Dryobates nuttalli Tyrannus verticalis Myarchus cinerascens Tachycineta thalassina (near hdgts) Aphelecoma coeruleceno Caruo inornatus Psaltiparus minimus Sitta carolinensis Thryomanes bewickii Turdus migratorius Aiala mexicana Dendroica aestiva (migrant) Dendroica migrescens (migrant?) Wilsonia pusilla (migrant) Atunella neglecta Isterus bellockii

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JOURNAL 1966 Queens Rd, Berkeley. 9 July A amma established on hillslope garden above Phormia inflorescences. Defends by singing, dashing and shallow arc dives. Arnall Allen present, retaliates by full arc display, with tail motion, but no song made. I was so just away. Also, tunnel dive not performed, but the or not only slightly out gets are pattern and went through a wider, and deeper slightly irregular arc toward the usual exit of this A amma, then left. 22 July young male amma in Pettergroom at corner garage. Gives high pitched ford well. Local D amma appears, perches, a foot away, sings with head forward then in larges of silence sways, bobs to side. Performs several challenge selves, reading up in front of the juvenile latter, somewhat awkwardly, retaliates in like. After a brief skirmish, ad. A leaves, youngster remains. 6 Aug- 1st Machingland; Berwick Allen morning then, singing full adult D song, Red-winged Blackbirds just noted along Virginia near Spindle.

F.A. Pitelka 1942-1988 Species Accounts

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Patelka 1947 Buteo jamaicensis May " Woolsey Canyon.- four attempts observed at aerial food transfer between members of a pair. The larger of two held a snake which the smaller tried to receive but without success, at least while I could see them. There was no question about size difference between the birds; thus, male receiving food from female.

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1974 11 Dec Berkeley 0230-0330 Counted hootings of a pair of horned owls who were duetting. (1) Male initiated duets in 40 min. 45 (2) Female " " " " but I immediately following noticed 7 of overlapping. (3) Female initiated duets 13 (4) Female initiated duets, but immediately following 3 (5) Female only hooting 6 (6) Female only hooting. 3 Hooting had commenced about 10 minutes before I began counting. Male stopped about 5 minutes after I stopped counting. Male called a sequence of three hoots. Female answered, usually with short notes preceding their hoots. If I overlapped randomly, but usually coming on the male's second note, occasionally begun a pair-bonding a period after he did, or was delayed.

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1954 Calypste anna June 25 Queens Rd., Berkeley Young male established on hillside below house, singing 1956 Jan. 16 U.C. Campus, Berkeley Adult ? on west side of Wheeler Hall in aerial display as I walked by. When first noticed it was diving, and did so about 8 times, by which time I was standing at the base of the slope bearing the brush toward some part of which the dives were directed. At the end of the last of these dives, it flew to A and began a typical circle-display, singing, then flying to B, singing, then back to A, then to C (which brush was the focus of the dives), then to B, then back to C, within which brush it progressed in semicircle along E + D side, addressing song and display to some point within the brush. By this time I was standing deep the lower, to west side of the bush trying to locate the focus of attention suspected to be a ?. I discovered an adult ? sitting at the end of a pendant branch, stiffly and quietly with bill facing upward, and he remained thus then the time I moved about. Shortly after locating him I withrew downslope and watched. In the meantime, the displaying ? moved to A

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1958 Calyptramma Jan. 16 U.C. Campus, Berkeley, and song one round regular territorial song, then to B and the circle song, by which time I had with Brown, and he resumed diving, did so three times, then to B where he perched quietly. Throughout this time the second B remained in the position, his back to the sun, his face and bill directed upward. After about 15 seconds #1 flew into a Japanese quince and was feeding. Chipping bush did so. Male 2 then flew directly to that bush, remaining perched a moment, then flew N-ward around the NW corner of Wheeler and disappeared. #1 followed 2 seconds later came to an evergreen some 50 ft. N & A, and perched there for a minute or so, quietly. He then made a large circle in the opening between buildings (library, old adm., and law), singing on wing and returning to C. I left him. Jan. 2 December stormy and rainy. No display noted. First hummers in regular drive-display behavior seen today this season.

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1956 Caloptera anna Aug 25 Queens Road, Berkeley A undergoing heavy molt of gorget perching within foliage of a broad-leaf tree in garden singing intermittently. Another male present on peach downslope used during breeding season. Occasional chases occur between them. Once one perched on the phone wire crossing the garden, the other arced over it in a pendulum with about 6 feet from end to end (straight line), spreading its tail and giving a z-z-t sound each time it passed the perching bird. Oct 14 Only one A present, the one in the garden; it uses the downslope peach furry warmer parts of the day. 1957 Feb.3 Male witnessed in a sequence of 4 dives followed by incuding display in which four circles were completed. The bird at the center was an male, evidently a first- year individual, as the gorget was clearly in the last stages of molt, about 1/3 of it just behind the bill being in pen feathers. This but tucked within the twigging of a pyracantha shrub, rendering

Ptetka 1957 Calyptra anna Feb. 3 Queens Road, Berkeley, Caly, stiffly perched with tail pointing upward. I stood about 5 feet away from it in the shelter of a wall and shrub along the top by that wall, while the dive displays were concluded and the encircling display performed. After the last dive, the displaying $^{\circ}$ took up perches 15-20 feet away from the intruder and moved to these along a circular path, giving a songy set pattern as described for earlier examples of this display. Some variation occurred in the perches as the surrounding area offered an abundance of them. There were three to five perches per circumference. After the 4th circle, the $^{\circ}$ simply flew up and high, toward the eucalypts to the west. After about 10 seconds the intruder began to chirp, moved a short distance within the twiggy one and then took wing to the east. July 21 $^{\circ}$ ad. present in garden to S.E. of house, using twigs within canopy of camphor tree. Typically feeds on fuchsia blooms around that garden. Undergoing tail molt in last two

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Calyptra anna 1957 21 July Queens Rd, Berkeley weeks, still underway. Arg intermittently, full bodied song; generally quiet and at times, in past week, suspiciously unresponsive to intruders. One, appeared, moved abt garden, or chipped, intruder approached, perched within about 15-20 inches of, w/constant, chipping at moderate tempo. Intruder then moved to another perch above the B, again about 15-20 inches; a close ensued. On another occasion as intruder passed by, B chipped, remained perched and as the intruder was just passing it, B flashed his wing out once, chipping a few more times and calming forth. On several occasions, a brief intrusion into the territory must have been evident to the B, because I saw sounds and movements, but no close ensued. In general, the few chases which occurred were responses, only to rather persistent or protracted stimulus. Since about July 10, a mole has been present in Dunwoody next to a large fuchsia, around a corner of the house, about 100 feet away.

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1957 Calyptra anna 21 July Queens Rd, Berkeley July 1 & 10, a young male appeared and sang for 10-15 minutes from a clothes line, about 75 feet from the 1st bird mentioned above. The latter did not respond. Bird 2 was an immature indi- vidual, giving the weaker, hoarser song of that age group. Intermittently since July 1, there has been activity about this second fuchsia bush, but only since about July 15 was a bird regularly present, this was a young male, possibly the same as seen earlier (though unlikely). On July 20, this male, observed closely with 8x glasses, proved to be in a late stage molt, the gorget being advanced in growth & new feathers, though the slightly ruffledness of the scales and lack of consistent color & texture indicated that usually the feathers were still growing. The bridelock red behind the eye was already clean, smooth w/ normal sheen (i.e., molted earlier, as denoted by Williamson). This young male's usual note was the "keep" note of fledglings. It would be given several times at a

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1957 21 July Calypste anna all, and sometimes as many as 5-10 times, and in every case checked, this meant the nearby presence of another hummer, usually on the fruthana lush. In some instances this was a Calypste, mother a Selarphorus, but the territorial luhona was also seen. The O called, the intruder might then linger, usually leave without chase by the O. Occasionally chase occurred, sometimes winding around the fruthana trees with the intruder leaving only after some persistence in chase by the male. Chip-notes were given in flight then probably also from perches. That this deep note has been aggepstional significance was most clearly indicated by one act; an intruder appeared, the male beeped, then took a position many a foot above his perch giving four beeps about a second apart, then chased! On the 20th, there were several clashes between him and O I; the latter appearing when (though not on all occasions) there was activity near the fruthana

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July 21 grone One chase by ♂1 led up into Eucalyptus trees to the chest fully 20 feet when the two were lost to sight. After less than a minute, ♀3 hopped off her perch, and just after settling called beep 5 times, then remained quiet; ♂1 returned to his perch after 2-3 minutes with complacent, began singing. On the 21st these encounters continued. On the 22nd ♀3 was not present. The locally present ♀7 typically patrols an area which includes the two described here. The week July 15-22 had been persistently foggy, and this may have contributed to the heathlthy of ♂1; his status molt was no doubt also a factor. In any event, this situation shows that while in the midst of molt, an adult male may come far from though not with persistence compared to the other parts of the year, and under continuing stimuli may engage on chases comparable to

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1957 22 July Calyptra anura those the breeding season, at least occasionally. The most interesting part of this week's observations however is the clarification regarding the deep note. It evidently is given by 1st year males and well into the first winter (Dec-Jan, possibly later yet; see notes of previous years). It is aggressive, and used under circumstances of low-level activity when there is only occasional stimulus for full song. Sometimes after the first winter, this note is dropped. This would explain its use by some males & not others. 8/2 was not heard singing during the week until the morning of the 22nd. Then its song was like that of an adult, but still recognizably more grating or gravelly and more wiry, perhaps just slightly higher pitched than that of the adult. Also the pattern was monotonous, like that of the young male, without the strong

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1957 22 July Queens Rd, Berkeley, Calif. through the grating phrases of [illegible] adults' song. 29 July ♀/ moves less ♂1 constantly perched at site in camphor tree. But spends more time in visits to lower slope and sings for short periods from open perch in pyracantha, near site used by ♂2. Latten (at least a young ♂ still without fully adult song) present intermittently, noted at least twice, when present for short periods and singing. ♂1 seems to participate in chase to eucalypts, to the west. Aug 3 A young male present continually in Burn Thicket, presumably same as ♂2 above. ♂1 present continually. Intermittent conflict noted repeatedly since the 29th. ♂2 enters core area of ♂1 more frequently than earlier. Today, entered from from corner of house, flew in spurts, giving a single, chopped chup! note 5 or 6 times, at each stop, then perched atop the japanese apricot, about 10 feet from ♂1. ♂1 chattered. ♂2 flew downslope, with no chase by ♂1. Aug 4 Another encounter, this time when ♂2 arrived near the japanese apricot. ♂1 flew out and they clashed momentarily,

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1957 Calyptra anna Aug 4 Quercus Rd., Berkeley, Calif rising into the air about 2 feet. During this clash, the only note heard was the deep note of the young male, given two times in quick succession. Later three hummers, including ♂1 were involved in a melee & chase which let SE ward, upslope, into eucalypts. Two perched on wire about 3 feet apart, a third (m.8 or ?) also came along and momentarily perched on the wire about 8 feet to one side of the pair. Then took off approaching the last two, these began a chase the last followed immediately, further from & weaving, and a twisting path with intermittent chatter. Aug 4 ♂1 observed, in the course of chases on NW side of house where area of ♂2 located, to swing through a broad arc up mid air about 30 feet above the ground, look down momentarily, than drop to his territorial perch. The mid-air pose was similar to that often preceding a dive. Aug 6- An immature male (in song occasionally), but still to enter the main part of the molt, located this morning Quercus thicket, same site as used earlier by ♂2 (above).

FAP 1961 Calyptr anna March 25 Berkeley, California Male singing and behaving territorially using upper twigs of Bumma ilicifolia trees overlooking a hillside garden area. Not present earlier -- at least not regularly. April 15 In past three weeks, a male anna present in the area, singing and driving away intruders and behaving territorially, but not present regularly. Evidently this male has a permanent station at some neighboring site and visits here only occasionally. [In past years, the same spot has been used as a permanent base by both anna and alleni, usually the former.] Today the male, at the close of a series of dead over, pear trees, and moving directly from the end-point of a T-drive, glided in a circle of about 50-foot diameter coming back to the endpoint without stopping and remaining poised a moment [as he did at the end of the drive prior to making the circle]. The route was re-followed, but this time the male stopped at the other side momentarily, then came around half-circle again to the beginning

FAP 1961 Calypte anna April 15 Berkeley, California and remained perched a few moments. He then perched, and sang strongly, directing his head toward the center of the pear trees. The circling flights were clearly efforts to locate [illegible] sound or [possibly chip-notes] of the hummer to which the dives were addressed. The first circle was mostly, if not entirely a glide, giving the male a better chance, presumably, to relocate the intruder. This behavior seems to grade into what I have called the circle display, with the male singing from successive points along a circumference, always directing his song to the center of the circle. On today's instance, it may be that the absence [its] [illegible] vegetation at one level around the point over which the dives occurred evoked the circle-flights, with strong song-display then following from the most suitable perch. The circumstance of a F- with one or two young present in the garden upslope from the spot discussed above again cause me to suspect that the type of display behavior discussed here as part of the

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FAP 1961 Calyptra anna April 15 Berkeley, California pursuing routine. A few day ago, when this male was present at the same spot, he rose to begin a J-dive and was passed momentarily some 60 feet above the vegetation. When a hummer (B) flew out of that vegetation slightly upslope from the point below the pursued one (A). B flew directly toward A, and supplanted him for a moment, then flew on higher and away to the NE. A moved to one side about five feet and then dove. April 15 A juvenile male singing briefly today, from within trees along W side of home. April 21 Young male singing this morning from an exposed twig tip on a branch near branches usually used by adult or annas. Latter not present. May 4 Young male present daily in yard area. Today, at 5:30 p.m., singing in dining room garden, and fly-catching in air over driveway, succulent - dahlia area (fuchsias, camelias, etc.) in blossom). This was interrupted by a moment's passing in mid-air, whereupon the hummer ascended, moving backwards and looking down. The ascent was a typical

FAP 1961 Calyptr anna. 4 May Berkeley, California pre-dive rise, direct, continuous and at constant speed, to about 30 feet above the spot where he poised momentarily. At the end of his rise he was about 45 feet above the ground. He then dropped down foraging, without completing a display but in about 15 seconds he repeated this to the same right approximately, performance, rising and then completing a dive, coming down to the road-side of the tall camellia and swinging through a broad arc going 20-25 feet at the bottom of the dive. Except for a slight swish sound of the bird moving rapidly through the air, the dive was silent. I was a few feet to the house-side of the axis of this dive, standing in a shadow, and in good sunlight of the whole area. No other hummer was present but a bee was buzzing about the camellia blossoms near the top, on the side closest to the air space where the hummer was feeding. The hummer remained and for after the dive, sat tranquilly, then perched on a wire over the area, sang intermittently for a minute or so, and then moved to the NW corner of the house, to a patch of sumac trees overlooking a slope, his usual post.

1961 Calyptr anna Berkeley, California 7 May Young male chasing others. Adult ? not visiting area. 13-14 May Adult ? present only once for a minute or two through 2 days. Yng ? not heard. 28 May Yng ?, not present. Adult ? present intermittently - stretches ? a few minute at a time - on days (weekend) when I was in the yard all day. This week and his visits were more frequent than last weekend. 1964 9 April First immature ? stationed in garden singing weakly. 10 August Yng ? anna holding feeding tamerly at NW corner ? lot, using Opuntia as lookout post. At least one other anna, and an imm. Selasphorus hummer repeatedly present, provoking chases and chattering. Settled anna ? went thru swinging display after chattering and addressed 'deep notes' to the Selasphorus hovering over flowers about 5-6 feet from the former. 1966 19 Aug Ad. ? in Primus above slope dives repeatedly, (10-12 times) and performs weak terminal click sound). Imm. ? at Ilden Park drops form perch over Palacius slope, then dives over Selasphorus, with broad sweep at base, making a weak left move only. He climbs

1966 Calyptra anna 14 Aug. Tilden Park from end position and follows a broad loop pattern, widest basally, suggesting the College pattern. Other dives were irregular with respect to dive and curve as a result either chaos of Seliphus lar sense - or moved straight up into the air about 20 feet to repel the d. anna) or returns to song post.

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1970 7 Sept sunday. Calyptra canna A male performed 9 consecutive dives at 5-6oc in intense breeze over a garden area on Shasta (ca 7pm.) Jacket turning dive noted, but flight not "mature," i.e., feet are not fully grown or tail not yet fully completed. This strength of display (i.e., full song requested) between dives even when unseen (at this time 2 years.)

Stellula calliope May 7 Berkeley, California A male present briefly on hillside below home, and performing aerial display over the cleared area utilized at various times by anna, or jason, or rufus!

P. Kelka 1957 Selasphorus rufus 16 March Queens Road, Berkeley, Calif. Male present in garden. 17 March Performed sequence of three or four Typical arc-drives; Active around gymnantha and fruit trees on steep slope which is a site normally held by an Anna 8. Latter not Present regularly before main rainy period which began in early February. Heard in confined aerial display of at least 15 beats, possibly as many as 20, at the end of which the 8 rose about 10 feet up, giving several strokes of the tail just as he approached a prominent peach, then settled on it. 23-25th. Present regularly. Active chiefly in the area mentioned above, moving away from it to peaches upslope perhaps about 50 feet distant, and to peaches atop an apple tree at the same level on the slope about 100 feet to the east. These groves enclose a NW-facing slope with scattered low shrubs, lawn, and patches of flowers. The 8's main attention however, was given to the open and spotted shrubs of fruit trees, acacia, pyra-

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Pitella 1957 Selasphorus rufus 23-25 march Queens Road, Berkeley, Calif. canthus, Primros, and willow occupying an area y about x ft. or sq. feet. Occasionally the R was active on trees to the S, to the other side of the house, about 50 feet from the favored area. He was also seen to fly up, westward, into a grove a blossoming enceliatus, where there was a gathering of Selasphorus humilis. From belch excursions, the rufus R usually returned over within a minute or two at the most. Because of the characteristic flight sound, he R could be located at almost anytime and was present almost continually during periods on the three days when I was working in the garden nearly. On the 24th, a male anna appeared and sang from the pyraeantha shrub where I near when the rufus usually perched. A rufus R could be heard in the shuttler below x to the north of the former pitcher. The area was not in possession an anna, as was true in '54, '55, & '56. But since January or

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Selasphorus rufus March 24, Queensland, Berkeley, Calif. early February, a male has been noticed briefly on scattered dates, passing over syringa or perched to the east along Fairlawn & singing there briefly. March 28. The presence of the O. rufus was checked daily in the morning and late afternoon. This morning, again a male O. anna was present; no staff was witnessed, but the male O. anna was active about the usual perches and the O. rufus was present in peripheral areas. In the afternoon, at 5 and later, a male O. anna was present, but the rufus was not seen there. In the 13-day period over which the O. rufus was present, only once was it witnessed to give the unmourned aerial display. The aerial display was the confined aerial display as described above. In this the head was held forward, the gorget spread, and the male moved back & forth rapidly then a distance of a foot or 15 inches at the most with the body swing freely with each beat, the tail brought forward as the bird moved forward, back and horizontal as it moved back.

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FAP 1957 Selasphorus rufus March 28 Owens Rd., Berkeley, Calif. (at least never noted clearly) The tail was not spread and it is difficult to say anyone now than that the strong rhythmic sound as produced by more than the wings. Once this display was seen from the rear, when it was clear that the bird did not roam in a single plane, but moved then swung alternately in planes at about 20° to each other; thus -> such shifting seems reasonable in view of the likely enhancement of the flash effect of the gorget which this transition (in angle) would promote. The angle is evidently too small to be apparent when a bird making this type display rapidly is watched at 30-40 feet distance from the side: confirmed This display was seen clearly at least six times and heard many more - perhaps 10-15 in the 13-day period the male has been here. It was addressed to hummingbirds and also to other birds moving into favored areas and particularly near or onto the

Selasphorus rufus March 25 Queens Rd., Berkeley, Calif. perches usually used by the Rufus. These other species were Warblers, Song Sparrows, and House Finches. In all cases when the display was witnessed in toto, it ended with the R rising up into the air and concluding the display with tail actions. It is a puzzling thing that this R performed this display so much more frequently than the normal aerial display of the species. There seemed to be a difference between the situation here and others where a Rufus was established temporarily and performed the full, unconfined aerial display.

FAP 1961 Selasphorus rufus March 3 Berkeley, California Male present on W facing slope below home, active among low trees in blossom or shortly to blossom (acacia, ornamental fruit tree) and in the neighbor's garden. The hummer was more or less regularly present in one of three ornamental apple trees. Other hummers evoked chases and chirping; also short arc displays within bushes or trees. No full aerial display was seen. March 25 Male rufus present continually. Occasionally other hummers present, but prior to this date, no aerial display was seen. This morning — a clear, bright morning following upon a warm interval of a few days [past few weeks very cool] — th male performed at least four full arc-displays characteristic of rufus. April 8 Male rufus continually present until this date, possibly a few days longer into the following week, but not noted on April 14-16. No further aerial displays seen after March 25. On that date and subsequently, a male used used the slope as a territorial site, but not continually.

FAP 1968 Selasphorus rufus 7 April Botanical Gardens, UC campus 1130-1150 a.m. Watched Abutilon bush and environs, where color-marked S. rufus had been stationed earlier. In just 5 min or so, all quiet, except for Selasphorus female which appeared from east (uphill), set within bush, then left. She reappeared 2-3 minutes later. Almost immediately after her second appearance, a & rufus appeared and perched prominently on a twig-tip of a neighboring leafless tree. He faced my direction, and showed the red colorband on his left leg. Following a pause in the movement of the ? with the bush, she moved again, whereupon the & rufus rose & performed 4 full dives, identical in orientation, depth, and intensity. The display was entirely typical & rufus, with the head-twitch sound at the bottom of the dive, followed by the tail-action sound observed with S. sasin. At the end of the 4th dive, the & returned to a prominent twig on the same leafless tree (The ? Selasphorus disappeared.) He moved about coming down onto the west (other) side of the Abutilon bush, returned to his (out)

prominent perch. After some 10-15 seconds it left, flying directly NNW, upslope to the W side of the main stream and flew above the gardens. After this the D mapus was not seen again before I left. A & P Selasphorus appeared again, fed, as did a J Selasphorus prasin. The latter made the characteristic flight round coming in from the south side of the shrub mass. The latter did not react to the F, which was 5-6 feet away at one time. Both left within 5-10 seconds. Both behaved as 'intruders' coming to feed in an area known to them to be defended by some other Hummer.

1970 16 Aug Budley - Selasphorus Humming locust on lower garde slope afternoon, One heard chattering vigorously, whereupon it did a flight display, with the broken tail visible distinctly. And noticed, it performed two more dives,

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1956 Selarphorus sasin March 2 Queens Rd., Berkeley, Caly. Sasin not noted at all this year in the vicinity of home until today, when a male appeared in the usual sites on the E and N sides of the house. As a result of cold winter, blossoming eucalyptus delayed, hence no activity about them. May 13 Male sasin established at lower end of lot in usual place. Seen to perform flight displays over a small acacia, on which the

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Pitika 1947 Cyanocitta stelleri April 13 1 mi SW Simpson, 6000 feet, Douglas Co., Nev. Reported from here by D. V. Humphill, who states that he also noted this jay in mid-summer at Sunshine Mine, 1 mi W Aurora, Mono Co., Calif.

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Pittika 1947 Cyanocitta stelleri April 13 Woolsey Canyon. Group of six observed moving back and forth between oaks on knoll west of horse corals and canyon proper just north stream west of old horse barn. A pair previously present in laurel area along main stream, near old horse barn, apparently also involved in activity of this flock, as it often consisted of 8 individuals; when the flock moved away from this area, however, the pair would return to it after distances several hundred feet to the west. In oak grove, jays moved frequently through oak canopy apparently feeding upon abundant oak-moth larvae (this year's first crop). One individual uttered harsh, but not loud, and somewhat plaintive tera-tera-terra-aa, sidling up to another individual as it gave this note; the other jay moved off as the first came closely. There followed similar calling, approaching, and sidling on the part of the same bird, and in each of 4 times, courtship feeding occurred. Once a slight fluttering of wings on the part of the fed bird was seen. A third jay came closely to the 5th and 6th feedings and

Pitilka 1947 Cyanocitta stelleri April 13 Woolsey Canyon. interjecting itself almost interfered with them, seemingly to take some of the food, too. After the 6th feeding one of the two involved in the feeding, probably the feeder, chased the third bird for a distance of 2 feet or so. The third jay followed. Feeding was again attempted, and this time actively between the two, and suddenly all three and others nearly flew down the slope calling loudly. Several brief chases between two birds of the flock were noted at various times in the morning.

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1955 Cyanocitta stelleri Oct. 24 Tilden Regional Park, Berkeley ♂ ad. (testis 3mm., not fat) ♀ ad (ova <1 mm.; not fat) Wt. 109.7 111.8 106.1 (-Remiges, rectrices, GSCs) 108.4 96.6 (-all contour + flight feathers) 101.6

1971 Oct 24 Tilden Regional Park, Berkeley D and (intercourse) for (intercourse). No B $1.00 3.901 total $ .801 (259 position required). $ .201 $ .101 (all control) $ .201 (after intercourse) d.d.p (intersex)

Piteka 1957 Cyanocitta stelleri Mch 13 (3 specimens obtained by W.C. Russell.) ♀ ad ova < 1mm. WT. 105.5 - R + R 102.6 - Body pl 96.8 ♂ ad. Testis 2mm. wt 105.8 - R + R 103.1 - body pl 98.5 ♀ let 4 GSC net WT. 102.1 ova < 1mm. - R + R 100.0 - body pl. 95.2 Feb. 15 Oakland, Calif. ♀ lst 2 GSC net ova < 1mm. [specimen from Mrs E.K. Austin & Mrs. Tree.]

(A) March 12 [illegible] 9 A III I II 8 A III 1 4411)

1957 Cyanocitta stelleri 18 mch Berkeley, Calif. ♂ ad. T 8mm. WT. 119.8 - R+R 116.4 > 3.4 - body 110.3 > 6.1 ♀ ad. Ova < 1mm. WT. 116.1 5.2 - R+R 112.9 - body 106.9 ♂ ♀ lst Ova < 1mm. WT. 112.7 2.7 - R+R 110.0 5.1 all GSC rep'd - body 104.9 ♀ lst Ova < 1mm. WT 114.0 2.6 - R+R 111.4 5.1 all GSC rep'd - body 106.8

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1957 Cyanocitta stelleri 19 Mch Oakland, Calif. ♀ / set no G-SCrwt. Wt. 102.3 Ova < 1mm. - R+R 99.8 2.5 - body f's 93.9 59 25 Mch ♀ ad Ova < 1mm. Wt 102.7 2.8 - R+R 99.9 - body f's 93.5 -6.4 Obtained by Mrs. Fow.

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FAP 1956 Cyanocitta stelleri Berkeley Hills March 21 ♀ ad Ova to 1.5 mm. No fat Weigths Total - Rem - Body plumage 102.2 99.9 94.7 2.9 5.2 21 ♀ 1st-y 5-10 on L, 8-10 on R 3 GSC fat. rep'd. 105.9 102.9 98.6 culea, all GPC old. 3.0 4.3 ova <1 mm.; no fat. 20 ♂ 1st-y Testes 3 GSC net'd 113.8 110.8 105.2 3mm. No fat 20 ♂ ad. Testes 7mm. 126.1 122.9 116.2 No fat. 3.02 20 ♀ 1st-y 1 GSC net'd 94.6 92.2 86.5 Ova to 1 mm. 2.4 5.7 No fat. 20 ♂ 1st-y Testes 3.5mm. 102.7 100.0 94.0 No fat 20 ♀ 1st-y Ova <1mm. 107.1 104.0 98.4 No fat. 5.6

1957 Cyanocitta stelleri April 20 Santa Cruz co., Calif. ♀ 1st 5-6 sec. wt 119.8 Ov to 2mm - R+R 117.4 - Body pl 113.2 2.4 Coll by W.C.Russell 6.6

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Ratelko 1957 Cyanocitta stelleri 2 May Oakland, Calif. ♀ Ad. Coats 1mm, Gn'd. 1.5mm wide, Very slight fat. Wt 113.2 - R + R 110.4 - Body pl. 105.2 24 March ♂ /st 3 GSC net Wt 116.8 Testes to 3mm. - R + R 113.9 - B Pl. 107.5 19 April ♀ ad Wt 123.8 4 end'd era, largest 14mm. no coll'd fall's. No fat. - R + R 120.8 - B PL 114.0

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1971 Cyanocitta stelleri Burkley 2 Aug ad 8 testis 4 mm - no fat. (not 1st yr old) E - 4/5 C-0 / 4/5 (C-0) / D-0 /30 gm 29 Aug 8/10th S's #7-8-9 new; 1-6 old R 1-1 new /32 gm Test 3mm G to 3 1/4 C, all others E no fat all ESCnew BPC oed (with D) 30 Aug 8ad E t= 1/2 C / 3/4 C-0 / E - 3/4 C Test 3 mm (28 gm Very light fat On 25 Aug, during most of day there were as many as 6 jays calling constantly, spread out, about 500 - 1000 feet apart, in and around the Evergreens grove at The Queens-Fairlawn junction. These were 1st year birds (like the 29 Aug speculators). The latter was alone, on the oak tree next to our house, casually perching, and calling constantly, still doing 'call words' it followed up one jay (start) and the others responding again. On 26 Aug, a good -year, bank jay (presumably male - lady) was patrolled around the house in the afternoon. It was alone, also calling continuously. It did not return, however, as a resident pair leaves to the NE for their home.

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Ritka 1947 Aphelocoma coerulescens Feb. 15 Woolsey Canyon. One individual present along west border of W.C. tract, south of canyon mouth. Observed feeding on slopes to either side of road. During a period of 10 minutes, this indivi- dual called repeatedly and persistently as it foraged. No other jay was seen nearby. A pair observed later (see map) was silent. March 9 Again observed alone here. March 13 Group of 4 jays observed here. March 21 Remains of an adult California jay found general just north of site occupied by the jay described above. Remains of chiefly flight feathers, scattered over ground beneath dense laurel near canyon-forest border. Three jays present here today. All flew into top of conifer. One of the chased another for 5 feet or so within the conifer. Then the first plus the third jay, which remained perched quietly to the side, flew down into garden thickets along the west fence, where jays have been recorded repeatedly over the last few years. The gay bird that had been chased remained perched quietly in the conifer and did not follow the other two; it was a first- yearbird, and judging by poorly developed

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Pitelka 1947 Aphelecoma coerulecens April 13 Woolsey Canyon collar pattern and dull color, a female. Aug. 10 One scrub jay present in group of 4 C. stelleri; all feeding in oak canopy. Two Steller jays left flying NWward across canyon; the scrub jay started out to follow them, flew 30 or 40 feet, but returned to a tree on the same (S) side of canyon. Two scrub jays then flew [illegible] thecanyon to the spot where Steller jays were present and may have included the single scrub jay. 1948 Feb. 17 Adult present along W side and around SW corner during late January and February passion today with a smaller, first- year bird with a frayed tail, taken to be female. She was observed searching for and picking up nesting material, but she did not carry any, though she did fly to what appeared to be a nesting site. The male followed her, giving the moderately loud trile note occasionally, lest otherwise remaining quiet. Earlier, in late January and even last week-end (Feb. 14-15), the called loudly off and on. There had been a pair in the area in Nov. and December, seen frequently gone from my office window as they forage in and around the vegetation; but one

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Patelka 1948 Apheloconis coerulescens Feb. 17 Berkeley campus. Of the pair disappeared. The frequent calling began some time in early January. Of course, the pair might have disappeared and the calling bird might have moved into the area; however, the latter was an adult, and so were both members of the earlier pair. The sedentary habits of the paired adults and their reluc- tance to leave their home area leads me to the view that the bird is one of the earlier pair. May 1 San Joaquin Exp. Range, Madera Co., Calif. a large, Nest found in rather open Ceanothus cuneatus shrub in a grassy area at least several feet away from any other cover. The nest was 4 feet above the ground and contained three eggs. It was found about 2:30 p.m., when a group of students approached the shrub and the female flew off the nest. This locality is to the east of the Range Headquarters, in the natural area.

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Pitelka 1949 Aphelocoma coeruleocena May 20 U.C. campus, Berkeley Pair discovered by Childs along creek north of L.S.B. feeding young out of the nest and building a nest. The young, with only half- grown tails, are out of the nest perhaps two to four days. They kept to a thicket, within which the nest is probably located, as is typical for family groups of this age. Both parents (adults, not first-year birds) fed the young and also participated in building of the nest. The nest is located in an oak, about 15 above the ground. This site is about 50 yards away from the thicket where the first nest is suspected to be. May 27 Female sitting on nest.

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1950 Apheloconus coerulescens. May 21 Wildcat Canyon A pair of jays move through brush of canyon bottom ahead and to left of me. They evidently enter or almost-enter territory of adjacent pair which comes down from a side-draw and when the two pairs are about 10 feet apart, one bird of the second pair chases the one of the first pair for a short distance through scrubby forestward and The second individual of the first pair turns and this pair then moves back (north) to the area where I first saw them. The second pair also move away from the area of the encounter in the opposite direction. August 16 U.C. Campus. Group of three immature jays, followed by male into eucalyptus and poplar trees where a brief chase occurs. Female follows male (both birds undergoing tail molt, immatures not; latter also with rectrix points farther apart when tail spread) Immatures move on, pair returns to cedar from which immatures left earlier, and male gives requiring call loudly from a top branch. Another jay is calling similarly within hearing distance. Adult male then drops down over opening giving knock-knock note.

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Pitkin 1950 A. coeruleans Oct. 29 Wilcat Canyon. Jays common and conspicuous. Calling frequent. Scattered in pairs and in small groups, of 3 or 4 individuals. Also short flights frequent, a number of them observed to be chases, and others were those of individuals of a loose flock, coming into a Laurel tree for fruits. A territorial chase was observed along a willow thicket on an east branch of the creek. A pair moved eastward casually whereupon the male (larger bird) of a neighboring pair, beyond and also to east, chased the others for about 30 feet and then turned around in flight and returned upward while the first pair flew on. Another chase was observed along the west side of the creek. The chase was short, but one jay displaced another thereby, and the latter flew up into the canopy of a large tree. The thought occurred to me, that movement upward brings escape from territorial attack if it is in the lower and mid-strata which are of chief interest to scrub jays. In addition to frequent short flight and attempts at high general milling about, two cross-canyon flights were observed: one was completed, but

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Petelka 1950 A. coeruleans Oct. 29 Wildcat Canyon the other individual turned back after getting to about ½ the distance. Both came from the west side, near the ridge top. a note, heard only rarely in my experience, seemed today to prove to be a threat note used in aggressive territorial behavior. This I have transcribed as kr-rr-shk. It is a harsh, somewhat nasal note, with a sneeze, yet not strongly sibilant. It was heard three times. One it was given just before a chase; in the other two instances, the {from movements of the birds, indications} were that the note was again given as part of aggressive territorial behavior. Once a scrub jay chased a Steller jay, which flew upward and away a short distance (40 ft. t). There were only 2 or 3 Steller jays in the canyon between The shooting range and the small lake.

1955 California Jay May 1, Querno Rd., Berkeley, Calif. Brown Towhee heard in extreme alarm from Laurel Tree where location of their nest was suspected to be. On arriving near the spot, one bird called continually and some combat underway. After few seconds, male Jay came out, flew [illegible] carrying egg. Female (smaller) perched nearby, and remained. Male Jay returned, scream-alarm notes resumed by Towhee (one in particular, apparently?), and no few seconds, Jay came out with a second egg, again flew down slope. No further activity by Jays. Alarm notes of Towhees attracted two neighboring pairs of Towhees, which came within 20-30 feet of tree in which nest predation occurred. Feathers and disheveled plumage of the calling Towhee clearly indicated some fighting between the Jay and the Towhee had occurred. W.L. Thompson reported seeing a Jay carrying a Robin's egg this past week.

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1955 Aphelocoma coerulescens May 2, Berkeley Hills ♂ 1st Testis 7mm. 3 GSC net #. w.t. 81.6 - Rem + Ret 79.3 - Body pl. 75.8 Starved for about 24 hrs, kept in bag after being removed from a trap; then desiccated slightly - normal wt probably about 95-100 gr.

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1955 Aphelocoma coerulescens Oct 19 Queens Rd., Berkeley, Calif. Locally established pair present from Fairlawn past home, down the draw across and below Queens Rd.; center of activity is in Chapanal Island below Queens Rd. Today, calling heard indicating presence of roving individual(s) almost certainly 1st-year birds. Chase of such an intruder seen to begin below Queens Rd and to proceed up hill into eucalypts just above Fairlawn. Intruder followed by occupant (σ, judging by size), the two proceeding in flights of 50-75 feet, the occupant flying forward and displacing the intruder each time it stopped and even keeping close behind so that the intruder rarely had a moment to rest. This chasing and displacing of the intruder occurred over at least 1/2 m just with the chaser stopping and calling into eucalypts just above Fairlawn. Female (smaller, weaker r higher pitched voice) followed, calling also and perching along Fairlawn. Oct 25 Strange joy calls above Fairlawn: occupant joy present below home flew up to post-top along Fairlawn, calling in flight and from post-top. No encounter followed. Fairlawn evidently marks approx. upper limits of the territory of this pair.

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1956 Aphelocoma coerulescens Feb. 27 U.C. campus, Berkeley. Male observed in what is apparently a pairing display, seen by me only once before, some years ago, a female feeding on open lawn five feet or so away from an edgey streamborder thickets was circled by a male which held its wings partly open, and dropped, its tail spread, and its body held tack as well as its head up as it moved in a hop-walk around the ♀, about a foot from her, not completing the circle, turning, retracing the partial circle, turning again, doing this 6-7 times before flying off. The display was one-sided in that the wing on the inside of the circle, next to the female, was spread out more and dropped more than the other; and the tail was angled spread out more, on to the same side. This asymmetry as well as the incompleteness of the circles appeared to be features resulting from the male's actions in addressing his display to the female; thus, once to rounded her at front and sides, he reversed to face before her again. In doing this, he held up a, he uttered the soft jumble of notes frequently,

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1956 Aphelocoma coerulescens Feb. 27 U.C. campus, Berkeley. Heard from paired individuals perching quietly mid-day, or at other times. This performance was more varied and hurried than others I have heard, and included harsh, but not loud notes like the ordinary call note; more nasal and higher pitched than latter. This element, however, was the loudest of those indivi- ded in the vocalization. During the display, the female was foraging over open ground, picking at objects intermittently. Twice she dashed at the displaying male, who however merely veered slightly and continued with the display. After 10 seconds of display, the male stopped; flying away from the female into trees came (50 feet away) and calling 'knk-knk-knk' (normal location note) as he flew. The female continued her foraging on the ground. March! The male on the same territory was noted calling repeatedly, and loudly this afternoon in the manner of an unpaired bird. No other guy was seen near him.

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1956 Aphelocoma coerulescens March 5 Queens Rd, Berkeley Gathering Pair observed nest material. The male of the pair came into a thicket hedge and worked thru it systematically, pulling fairly thick twigs (1/8-1/4 inch in diameter) and attempting to bend them. The male did not succeed in breaking any twig but continued his efforts for fully five minutes. He then flew to a high vantage point as the female came out from a spot on the same slope carrying a large twig in her bill. He uttered a soft conversational chick note intermit- tently while examining twigs. The female was probably 200 feet away, and not within hearing of him at the time. The male, in searching for twigs, confined himself to the shrub shrubs, progressing even into dense twiggery where he worked his way through with slight awkwardness. He did not examine or call loose twigs on the ground around the hedges.

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1956 Aphelocoma coerulescens May 15 U.C. campus Pair of Steller jays foraging on ground below redwoods, then to edge of giant teleworks. Calif jay chased one of them in fearful manner, diving so in two flights, which brought them under redwoods. Then Steller jays continued foraging, while the Calif jay stopped also and hopped around on beach shaded but open ground, and did not chase again. 1957 March 15 Pair of scrub jays present regularly at NW corner LSB. Male seen perched in open holly trees as female approached him and received nesting material from him. There were at least three strands or pieces of twiglets or leaf stems, and so the female approaching the perched male from above, bent over him slightly and grasped several times in order to get all pieces he held. The female then moved about a neighboring dividor, finally taking a perch at the top and remaining there quietly. All this time she held the nest material. After 10 minutes, the observation was stopped.

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1957 Aphelocoma coerulescens May 24 Berkeley Hills ♀ ad definitely no blood patch, preparing to lay - R+R ova to 9 mm, 4 clearly enlarged, also ovid. enlarged. light fat. May 26 ♀ ad - Ova <1mm or less varying, a few atriotic, indicating activity. No legs; no blood patch, but abdominal skin mod. thick, no molt could have had - Body eq?/0 May 26 ♀ ad. - no fat, definitely ut. no brood patch, (skin thin, with apteral tour), ova <1mm, ovary only 1/2 size. ♀ that ♀ previous ♀. P1-3 new, P3 1/2 grown, P1 3/4 grown, on both sides; all old R's intact. No body molt ex caput on back at forward and ? saddle, small patch of feathers in B stage.

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Cyanotha Aphelocoma Berkeley Hills, Contra Costa Co., Calif. May 29 Trap 31 - same as others from Ralph Patt. ♀ Broodpatch (slight) 1st year. No molt. q+1 right primary wt. 91.7 gm broken, mostly -R+R 89.5 gone. -body 85.3 largest ova < 1mm. Oviduct small. May 31 Trap 9 - Ralph Patt. ♀ Broodpatch - Adult No molt. Ova wt. 88.3 gm. to 2mm. Oviduct -R+R 85.8 enlarged. -body 81.7 June 1 Trap 31 Ralph Patt. ♀ ad. Broodpatch. wt. 94.7 gm. No molt. Ova to -R+R 92.5 2.5mm. Oviduct large, -Body 88.1 June 3 Trap 31 Ralph Patt ♀ ad. No broodpatch, wt. 80.2 gm. No molt. -R+R First 2 primaries -body 73.8 molted. No body molt. all ova less than 1mm. Oviduct not enlarged.

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1957 Aphelocoma coerulescens 20 July Berkeley Hills (coll'd by Ralph Raitt) wt. 107.5 ? ad. ova < 1mm. Old tunnel patch P1-E D S1-D T1-D P5-S6-0 T6 D P10 O S10 ved, S7-A S4-6 old, S2-B P-10-8 led, 7=A 6=2/3 C ad. T3mm. wt. 108.5 P1-E S1-0 T1-B P5-B S-6-0 T6-0 P10-0

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1969 Phelsuma cornuta (+ others) 6 Aug. Two young ad. sunt gay (all in 72b. moss), definitely paired, on territorial squabbles to NE & up - upshore skin versus downslope. Downslope area unoccupied for a year. 7 Aug. Red-mgs. along Campus Drive. Territorial squabble among gays again. 14 Aug. Sunt gay territorial squabbles continue. 15 Aug 4 adults swimming (and,3 panting) all at one or lawn g yard. All in heavy molt, intermittently feeding on lawn. No interaction among them. Swimming & molting birds seen also previous weekend (6-7 VIII). 1970 Aug 24-28 Continued squabbles among sunt gay. Eriflank skin g / ad - yr trials attempted to settle, along Queens near Bell bays (toil moss). Excited aggression parts to NE, along Farlan, both on toil moss, settled then this year 2 Sept. After cloud day given another squabble. 7 Sept. Another. This time gay along Queens Sq Bell bay started pancakes calling, drenching a second gay downlope. Almost immediately after calling began

"I flew from along Faulkner to a church, flying directly to see the worst and joining in the formation, I write both flew from NE along Faulkner point to Bryan. TV aerial attacked them, church or intermediate eventually punted off digging every one of them"

1972 Aphelocoma coerulescens Feb. 17 - U.C. campus to March 24 Single joy, calling repeatedly in spells, seen at various places, sometimes in sunniest days in courtyard Dornelle and Wheeler halls. Evidently an animated bird

Apfelsine compotes 1982 Helgard Ave., Berkeley 4 June Tests (om) 95.3g Bad No fat No mold

1974 24 Nov Wildcat Canyon On Noide Canyon trail leading up to the Plean Grove, we watched a group of 6, possibly 1-2 mrs., going feeding in grassy area with matlness shrubs (Baccharis). They called occasionally, the simple upswinging location note - The area was warm (day cold), and they were foraging apparently on insects, judging by the regular, intermittent nibbling actions. The close pair remained in the area during the 10 minutes or so we were watching from a trail on the opposite slope. Territorial established groups (2) called from lower parts of the slope, on our elepmental, perched atop look-out branches, evidently aware of this group [probably all old-young birds]. 1975 Jan 12 Wildcat Canyon - On side canyon above (E.g.) Jewel Lake, during entire period of a 1/2 hour walk to, up, down, and away from the canyon, there was a high level of concentrated activity showing agonism, occasional chases, tax while displaying and calling, as a flock of matted Jays evidently moved into an area initially held by a continuous mosaic of territories - some 6 or 7 pairs at lower end of canyon were calling repeatedly as old lands, occasionally a turnover or three was

moved over real distances to roost. They were not locally settled. They actually kept up continually for the time we were there. 20 Jan - Similar activity among sawt gop, on the UC campus N of LSB. Two pairs of settled males seemed to be joining in, some level nomads. 22 Jan - This a.m., a single bird to the west with area mentioned above (i.e., near Mute Seas) was calling continually, ignoring intruders, an individual finding a open space and settling there. 10 Feb - In past two weeks, two local gop on UC main campus giving repeated upward call of unmated bird. One at 5 end of Muttalard Sci's. Yesterday, two in Telden Park along Winsty Rd also calling from open brushland (i.e., along optimal habitat). None heard lower down, except typical display in flight across territory giving a low, loud krrk-krrk-krrk series. ~Feb 20 - In Telden Park, settled gop on territory along Winsty Rd regards to call formation giving krrk-krrk-krrk note and flying over his area with deep undulating flight.

1978 Asphelocoma coerulescens. 7 Jan Berkeley (2591 H:lgard) Pair occupying area around house, present since late summer. Absent in dry spring of past year (pair present 70 SE across Hlgard and beyond to Bay). Gurgle note heard in late October signaling from pair bond. Considerable calling and territorial conflict in late Oct and early Nov, but no gurgles noted during Nov or Dec. Minimum of floaters. Activity again high in past few days with considerable calling and chasing in spells. Today, intermittent calling was as I worked on deck. Two jays in box elder next to deck. One inside tree hopping about silently, the other at the southern periphery, higher, watching the first. A third jay flew in to the SE exposed end, where the second flew into the under the tree and passed upon the first, flapping wings, tumbling them branches, the attacker striking down with his bill, the attacker screaming. About 3 secs of this, the intruder flew directly will out of the territory to west chased by the defender, who called loudly. As this happened, a jay from the NW area to the neighbors,

calling as it drew up to a perch 3 courses To its west Defender turned back about There (over street), intruder continuing on Westward The third guy almost certainly there, was silent from the whole sequence. This sequence confirms earlier interpretation to effect that a group meeting at dependent parts location 4. During that Oct.-Nov. interval of local territorial intrusions, an intruder was chased by the lone male again into the box elder, when it moved about slowly keeping well within The turn-sign area, while its defile perched on a nearby cone and watched. The ? was well to the east some 100 ft also on the line. The intruder behaved "fraternely" as if uncertain of next move. Presently it took wing to the WSW. The male did not chase but escorted in that direction, calling crack, crack, crack (i.e., announcement).

Phelsuma 1982 August 8 Helgard & Art. Starting 24 July, there has been a power struggle on block (Helgard-Endlich-Eder-Zebr) and neighboring areas to west Endlich, northy Eder & east Zebr. I was aware of a pair living NW of us most of the past years (since '72). There has also been a pair along Helgard, and to the east of us. This area has been vacant for some months (no local young this year). Only within past two weeks, there has been repeated calling, flying, repeated moving around, with four or calling shifting within the work. Most calling came from N, NW & W - telling me the chief interaction was with the established pair. At least once, a group of three crossed Eder from on block heading NW towards west, calling repeatedly and excitedly as more ad concurrent calling was going on behind them (within our block), as I walked down Helgard close to Endlich. By today, this has subsided, and there is a guy in the immediate vicinity gone hours, about 3/4 their work, and easily identifiable individually. Aug. 21 The guy was caught in a squirrel trap on the front deck & released. Still in

"Heavy", though late most X. Outward section 1/2 C. Since the 8th, found j's clearly. The occupant of a new territory, who has been calling repeatedly from postures peculiarly at odds with his, or calling from the ground as if forages casually. A calls strongly when detecting an intruder. One such seen to leave from the top of the fall sidewalk soon after calling began, and to fly non-stop to south. Sept 13. - Two j's present, both calling! Sept 4. - Male consistently present. And today a second, clearly smaller bird, is also present, moving slowly and not close to the male or in felders along Hillgate, next four turns. A is on ground foraging and calling intermittently, in series, while I is about 20 feet from him, on the eastern 10 minutes (I called away overall and gave both guys' notes 3 times per request). No response from A, who continued calling. Later that day (~6 p.m.), two guys present in back yard. A calling, I "tagging along" at some distance, give guy's note one. Sept 5-6. Two guys seen on 5th, but no association developing, no interaction seen. A seems to move about independently. On the 6th Awards bird not been.

Apelocoma 1982 Sept. 19 - Helgard Cay Since 6th, the & guy has been alone. It has quieted down, and calls only alarm and only occasionally does a brief spurt of announced calling. It is consistently present, and quickly showed up on the front deck when I left out exposed peanuts. Two after a second attempt trying to trap a squid (this time the guy didn't get trapped, even though during the past week) it came down to the traps repeatedly and just looked at the peanuts. 1983 7 July Jay calling, settling on trophy and area. A female gave a yungle, but the two were not seen associating. 27 July Four flock of & guys moves south (into working Canopy) over trees at upper end of Varginal Ave, while one guy to north on La Vereda calls in alarm; then neighbor to south does same, then quiet. 8 Aug. Territorial squabbling intermittent since early July in our neighborhood. & in backyard area not wated. Pair to south of Helgard interacting with him, & gives yungle call.

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1985 Aphelocoma mid June - pair established, nests? June 25 - young heard (in nest?) June 28 - yong and ? rest. - I adored only. July 29 - In the past 4+ weeks, 2 young. S feeding almost daily in species calls. - Male spends approximately calling, morning, but irregular, short frequent early with morning foodbar, 2 words parts with 5 or just ? rest for, other times frequent feeding gone with food both seen fully grown, moving about ladder. 50 feet or so. Nest tree. Green trees in field from our property to highway. Aug 2 - Young not seen. One adult present, calling more vigorously each day. Largest bouts in morning, calling form before I leave for campus (~11:00 today). [Aug 3 - missed] Aug 4 - S exceptionally active, moving about over much large area, calling continuously over distance of 20-30 minutes, earriving for 6 or 8 calls. moving W plant to Eulid, crossing Hilgard, east attempt to farm, as well as all within block and area on cedar st neighbors yards. For example, out at stop Stockcenter during when I called - several returned. calls; continuous - always returned. Almost no break? - I captured Griffin note break? - and bird went regular repetitive unfolding. This is far from nearest display. No neighbors (no conflicts) sure now, when tree was pair to west near Euclid (now gone) or a gap 15 away forested (downslope two).

Aug 5 - only very calling, though just [crossed out] as yesterday. In house garden control work. working on garden columns about 11 - for the last time in past 6 weeks, heard a single male note, [crossed out] great attention from and a hawthorn but notes intermittently. At some point it flies to across garden to very clear, and did not from cyprus, also heard - two loud clearly. Male [crossed out] spends Enzappella strip. Shock alarm -> found on particular my (unions). One near calling floor ceiling (cactus?), from roof, both Aug 6 - Brief calling around 7 a.m., with two faint quail note from second bird. No call of henwit, at least up to [crossed out] two my departure at 10.

1988 Apheloconia concludens Berkeley 11-12 April Protected territorial scrap (calling, flights, etc.) on S side of Hilgard, just above Euclid. Not as persistent, nor as loud as a similar 15 March interaction lasting several days over the weekend of 14-15 March, primarily to the N, NE, & E of home, spilling to the S of Hilgard about Leroy on occasion, and extending also to the NW of home on occasion. This continued over 4 days (8-16), with some echoes in the following week. Interlatter, pair nesting in cypress tank on rear property line was involved; in the former, not so.

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1948 Corvidae in Death Valley Feb. 20 Notes taken from carbon copy of a manuscript (P-1315) Fournished by John Davis from National Park Service Library at Death Valley Nat. Mon. Bica pica hudsonia. Observed during October, November, and December, 1933; and January and February, 1934. Also three seen in October, 1935. Aphelocoma woodhousei. Three seen August 1937 Corvus corax sinuatus. Resident Corvus trachyrhynchos hesperis.- Observed twice, April 1934 and November 1935. Nucifraga columbiana. Three in September in data prior, two in November, both 72 year 1935. In July 1936, one seen. Cyanocphalus cyanophalus. Three observed September, 1935. Gelman (?) "The Ornithology of Death Valley"

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1959 Progne subis May 23 Tilden Park, Berkeley Hills Male seen over ridge along east boundary of park, NW of Inspiration Point; cycling overhead and generally moving northward; uttered liquid gurgle note, leaving no doubt as to its identity.

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Peteika 1947 Stelgidopteryx ruficollis. March 12 Woolsey Canyon Reported by Mary R. Koford.

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Patelka 1947 Psaltriparus minimus May 11 Woolsey Canyon. Nest found in oak, 10 feet above ground, in dense foliage on west side. Young left nest and nearly. One fledgling found on ground below nest, giving single weak note intermittently. It was weak, unable to fly. (not fully grown) Basil thirdry spring feathers were still sheathed. And defecated in my hand, so that it apparently had been fed within preceding 24 hours. It gaped for food several times. Adults and young present downslope 75-100 feet away. This incident indicates likely losses in large brush-tit flocks resulting from variable degree development among young at time they leave nest and from adult indifference to "runts" once greater part of brood leaves nest.

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P. Telka 1947 Thryomanes bewickii May 11 Woolsey Canyon. Example of male behavior along territorial boundary observed completely. Male A established at lower end of south draw; male B established along main stream, just to east. Both males heard singing and approaching each other; each progressed as far as a large laurel neighboring a trail on which I stood. From the east, male B approached as far as the cluster of small trunks and surrounding shrubs; from the southwest, male A approached as far as the dense peripheral laurel twigs and foliage of the lowermost arched branches close to the ground. Under the arched branches was a space of 25 feet separating the two males. Both sang and uttered a characteristic harsh and loud alarm note (zree) repeatedly between songs. Occasionally, a softer chatter wik-kik-ki was given. Male A did not display, but male B hopped about actively, his tail erected and spread and wings drooped slightly. Male A moved toward male B from the south; at this moment activities could not be seen, but male A returned promptly to the laurel branches. Calling continued, with less singing. Male B flew out to the middle of the open space, circled, returned. A few seconds later he repeated this, flying within 8 feet or so of male B, hovering and circling then returning to the trunk cluster. After this second flight male A moved off into his territory, and male B did likewise.

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Ptelka 1947 Pipilo fuscus April 13 Woolsey Canyon One heard singing, ending series of chip notes with several notes of slightly more liquid quality, alternating on two different patches: thus, March 13 Pair observed mating. May 11 Brown Towhee along south border of Woolsey Canyon tract observed in territorial border encounters with neighbouring two fawns (see map). Male sang twice, and pair from oak border area to north came up promptly, apparently to borders of their terr- tory. April 27 Members of a pair observed moving excitedly through brush near (5-10 feet) other bird, singing a soft, fluttering series of notes. During this song, it fluttered its wings as it moved and held its tail raised Aug. 10 One brown towhee observed chasing another; it gave a rattle note characteristic of territorial squabbles in this species; after this, it uttered the usual pair-reinforcement, although another individual was not noted.

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1954 Pipilo fuscus Nov. 29 Berkeley, Calif. ♂ ad. - Testis 1.5mm., collected at 1345 Queens Rd. Dec. 20 ♂ 1st-year. (skull inc, ossipes; rectrices 4-5 new on right, 2-3 new on left). 6 1.6 gr. 1955 Dec. 20 ♀ ad. Ova < 1mm. 5 4.0 gr. 1956 March 3 ♀ 1st Ova < 1mm. 5 3.2 gm. Rectrices L6 x 1-1 old, all others new Two specimens sent to WSC, Pelham, on exchange : ♂ Berkeley XI - 25 - 53 59.7 gr. W.W. Dunmire 17 ♀ Berkeley III - 17-53 57.2 gr. R.F. Johnston 167 1956 March 29 ♂ ad. Testis 12mm. 54.5 gm.

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1955 Pipilo fuscus Queens Rd., Berkeley, California. Oct. 13 Adult plumaged member of pair around my home removed. Molt completed. Not sexed, presumably a male [proves to be a second-to-sex adult taken Oct. 2] Oct. 16 Remaining towhee joined the next day. A second bird taken today as a first-year individual, 61.8 gms, testes 1 mm. Juvenile feathers and remiges all retained, molt heavy otherwise. MSC - E Cr - C-D UTE - C-E B - C-E Tr - C-C Remaining adult heard chipping loudly in late afternoon -- as to the responses of neighbors. It noticeably more moved about its territory than when a pair is present. Oct. 25 Adult ♂ 51.7 gms. Testes 2 mm. Molt completed Oct 30 1st-y male 49.5, Testes 1.5 mm. Molt complete. Rectrices 5-5 first-year; others new; Remiges 1st year; large skull windows. Nov. 10 In meantime, one brown towhee present in the area, occasional contacts with neighbors evident, but no pair present. Single bud, as noted before, does considerable amount of moving about.

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1952 Pipilo fuscus 4/8 April 16 ♂ 1st-year Ova to 1mm. 46.0gm skull windows. April 1 ♂ 1st-y. Testes 8mm. 56.9g April 15 ♂ 1st-y Testes 6mm. 56.8 small skull windows April 29 ♀? 1st-y Specimen lost before it could be dissected; a small individual believed to be a ♀. male sang in area more or less regularly, moving over an area occupied by three territories in previous seasons. New mate appeared on May 12, collected early May 13 May 13 ♀ ad. Ovary previously active; about 57.0g. 6 ova up to 2 mm., 5-6 small atretic follicles indicate prematurity; May 18 ♂ male singing daily since the 13th. " 24 " still singing

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1956 Pipilo fuscus. Sept. 25 U.C. campus, Berkeley Brown towhee singing intermittently near Granieri as I was walking to parked car at 5:30. Nov. 18 Queens Rd. f ad. very little fat. 60.0gm. '957 April 25 Queens Rd., Berkeley See notes for April 22 Most are around house since pair removed on April 10. Only one individual April 30 Pair present; courting underway. One individual (??) perched on wire sitting quietly; other individual, flew to wire and performed display of nervous hopping and jumping, turning body slightly with each move, holding his head up slightly (done so strongly in some cases of this display), fluttering or flapping his wing with each move. He approached the f, moving down another wire; when he was a foot or 2 away, she took wing and he followed.

1956 Pipilo fuscus Queens Road, Berkeley Dec. 1 & 2nd - y Rec 1-1, 2-2, 6-6 old; others new. 56.1 g pair present on Nov. 29, this bird (?) first noted then. Testis 2 mm. Very little fat. Skull with asymmetric, large windows. Dec. 2 ♀ 1st-y - clear skull windows all rectrices new. 53.1 Over < 1 m . Very light fat.

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FAP 1957 Pipilo fuscus April 3 Queens Road, Berkeley Collecting nesting material - pair present around house and at least January. April 7 attempted copulation. April 10 gathering of nesting material still One member of pair seen pulling on long strands grasshites continuing. Both members of pair above around ground taken today. ♀ 1st-year Ova only to 2 mm.! No skull windows. 54.3g Retrices 1-1 & 6-6 retained, others new {Small skull windows on both sides of crown, in supraoccipital region} ♂ {1st L testes 14mm. 56.9 Retrores 1-1 & 6-6 retained, others new. } April 10 U.C. Campus Brown Turke seen gathering nest material April 22 Queens Rd Chipping hard soundslope suggests territorial activity locally. Possibly a new individual or new pair is again spreading into this area.

1957 Pipilo fuscus May 12 Queens Road, Berkeley, Calif. ♂ 1st - all rectrices old lost. 58.5 R3,4 which are both 2/3 grown. Ova to 11 mm. Shell dbl-layered. Light fat May 13 ♂ 1st all rectrices old. 49.8 Testis 12 mm. No fat. Shell dbl-layered. On May 9, this pair seen moving around patios, male going thru short periods of precopulatory display - head-up, tail raised, wings held out and quivering, jumping skittering. Removal of this pair leaves pair to the NW again the only one present nearby. This morning they were already moving to SE side of house. The male did not engage in chase when they were nearby. July 8 - Pair which was evidently the same as that mentioned above nested, placing the nest in laurel 10 feet above ground, 4 eggs laid. Clutch

1957 Pipilo fuscus 8 July Queens Rd, Berkeley, began to hatch today. 16 July Nest removed & destroyed. Pair remains nearby, 22 July Pair still present. One peculiarity of this pair was that when the F was by the nest, the D perched on a gutter at the corner of the house or in an oak near the nest and sent the chip-not sequence which serves as song among unmated D's, 1983 22 Sept UC B campus At SW corner L&B this morning there was an adult with a food-calling fledgling following it. Tail & bill seemed full grown.

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nd r pair ic, into ion, the imists (ore fight, ander seared and mate x, nss. ove an use, But ed ? Not Bao

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY Page Museum No. Sex Age Collector Locality FKS1731 Sent to Bonerg Columbia ♂ ad. UC Campus Berkeley WER 11746 Sent to Lehman, Col ♂ ad Do (Checked up by mens gym) 3m-10,'48(B1169)

cus L R Testu 2mm. Red Yellow 59.0 grms 48-223142 Orange Cream (white?) Creamy Orange Cream 48- 223/20

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P. Teltka 1960 Pipilo fuscus 5 May Berkeley, Calif. First singing of P. fuscus heard. 8 May Intense territorial fight between two pairs in our yard. Males on grass climbing up into air about 20 feet above rhododendron, then dropping to ground. Actual skirmishes involved all four birds; but males (one banded) were the main ones for this fight, and in the one long tussle. Other member of resident pair a 1st year ?, appeared within past week. Two pairs after fight, moved slowly to W [toward fence], with banded male and his female supplementing the first, which left. Same day observed mouthling grass. May 11 Nest in Erica about 5½ feet above ground, May 15 Nest almost completed in outside brick, but not lined. Towhee calling at dusk, from choke cherry at NW corner of house, broke into song intermittently. But chips were soft and weakened terminally (a ? or 1st-year bird? Not the banded ?). 19 3 eggs, 3 1 yng hatched May 31; died on June 1; last egg unhatched 4 morning & 2nd.

Pipilo fuscus 13 Feb Berkeley, Calif. ♀ Pipilo 1st-year Ova to 1 mm. 57.6 slight fat; skull dbl-layered. ♂♀! adult Ova to 1mm. 57.4 slight fat. Considered a pair; not marked, but 2 towhee present on property for last few months; when removed following ♀ should pop 14th; a 4th bird seen on 14th, but the other! 14 Feb ♀ 1st-year Ova < 1mm. 55.2 Almost no fat. Skull dbl-layered. Tail pared; 3 rectrices partially grown, anested! Feb 15-16 Much chirping, mowing among local brown towhees; one present on territory, chiefly along front side of home. Feb 23 1 Pair present. One caught. But Pair evidently not fully "formed" prior to catch, as aggressive dashes observed, and one bird gave series soft notes associated apparently with spinal posture which occurs between unmated birds. Feb 23 ♀ 1st-y Ova < 1mm. No fat. 52.5 Feb 24 One towhee present; late yesterday and today, chirping heard frequently, activity along front side of home.

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Pipilo fuscus 23 March Two pairs near house; one taken today, other member of pair chipping persistently through litter past 7 day [also singing] 24th. 23 March ♀ Pipilo Ova to 1mm. 50.8gms. No fat; skull all layered. 29 march ♀ P. p. i. o 1st-year. Ova to 1mm. 50.5 No fat; Skull all-layerned. 31 March New individual present; pair giving re-inforcement note this a.m. Male calling & assuming upright stand, as he was observed to do with individual taken on 29th. 3 April ♀ Pipilo 1st year. Ova to 1.5mm. 51.1 No fat Skull all-layerned? Taken early morning. 3 April ♂ Pipilo - 1st year, enlarged cloaca. banded Red on L leg! FWS 49-208 on R leg. Remained on area (our east yard + Mrs A's property) throughout day. Uses roof crest of Mrs A's house to chip from intermittently. 4-April Banded & associating with new bird.

coming from garden lane himself to Crockwell's feeding stations latter but sawtomade this commute-trip several times in latter part of day.

1966 Pipilo fuscus 27 April Berkeley, Calif. S108-24 T 12 No. 54.1 Local F, with which this bird had been associating, began chipping within minutes of the removal of this bird. 29 April Local lone, settled pair, recently a F in view of all removals recorded above, attending one newly fledged juvenile. No other young present, no other adult; on NE, garden side of house. 2-4 May One towhee, evidently the same F, present along front, near and lawn side of house singing intermittently - sometimes from high perch, other times as she moved thru bushes foraging, chipping owned weaker than that of M's, ending in disorganized weak manner. On the 4th, she ended the song with a series mixed whiny notes similar to those of the pair reinforcement sequence. 4-5 May Single juvenile still present. 7 May Local F removed. Juvenile present 13 ' juveniles present. Almost fully grown, foraging independently, at least part of the time.

Pit elka, 1966 Pipilo fuscus Berkeley, Calif. 14 April ad Pipilo fuscus Testis 15 mm 54.5 ψ No fat 10 April ad " " Ova to 3mm. Oviduct 52.3 φ No fat. 1/2 enlarged. BB clear, sops, follicles recently dropped feathers evidently; 2 coll. foll's possibly 3*. Evidently lost both clutch or laying period. * may be atretic developed from earlier enlarged and yolkly. 10 April ad " " Testis (2 mm 55.9 ψ No fat 13 April let-y! " " Testis 11mm 55.0 ψ No fat, attack and/or Pair present, ψ trying fiercely to chase the trapped ψ. φ pair mainly feeding, indifferent to caged bird. 21 April α ad " " T 14 mm. No fat 57.5 24 April - Territorial scuffles and chases just to N g house. A pair + 3rd bird, or at second pair again present along E side of house. Neighbors feeding station no doubt an important attractant.

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1968 Pipilo fuscus 1 April Berkeley, Calif. ♀ 1st: Ova to 1 mm. No fat 52.9. y rectrices lost-y; also GSC, manures, more rounded, edged with fluff 31 Mch ♂ Ova to 10, 9, 4 mm. Very light fat 61.3 ad. B area mostly cleared down feathers, follicles clean. Both ♀♀ taken in same trap at home. ad.♂ taken ca 6 p.m. Sunday; the 1st-y♀ was taken at 8 a.m. The following morning, a second bird present each time. 7 April ♀ 8:45 Ova to 1 mm. No fat 49.1 ad. a.m. No cleaning of B area, second bird present. ♂ 11a.m. T 13mm; cloacal glands large 54.6 ad. No fat ♀ Ova to 1 mm. No fat 51.8 1st-y rectrices & remiges 9 April ♂ T 9mm No fat 50.3 1st-y rectrices & inner remiges A second bird present in area on lower side of house & in rear garden, assumed by former pair.

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1968 Pipilo fuscus 11 April U.C. campus Pair in LSβ court evidently newly forming. M.chipping, and running this into chip song! He repeated the 3-4 times, then gave 2 plain pair-reinforcement notes. Then again, 2 chip songs, & pair-reinforcement notes. I went shut into coffee, and saw the pair moving in and around the Tap-drawn tree. The M (fanger) was quiet then, but kept moving after or on toward the other end, head lowered, with just a weak aggressive stance when passing. This behavior seen in newly settling or forming pairs of both members at a patch following territorial skirmishes, especially in pre- or early breeding season. 22 April Morning Chipping Chipmunkiganat 4:40 a.m. PST. 23 April Territory around back yard occupied for first time. 24 April Local bird participating morning chipping chorus; moving in back yard often. Later, ca-9 a.m. heard pair-reinforcement note for first time.

1970 Pipilo fuscus 5 Aprl Berkeley 81 alone since 24th. Confused and given yellow band to each leg. Moves about area, clapping, but no song. Occam[illegible] between spells of muffled chirping, two found starts 1st role & run-never found others. Otherwise sequence. Tentbird gleansbles migrably. present to 5 on life slow Garden 23 Aprl Enforton or heard giving song- series chips followed by several femal calls at Bowerpatch; ... Most activity in past two weeks from the two yards (P+Argan) northward. Soon after building a second twble recognized whist! silent to Argan fading on and gong back to area to twenty feet thence. This bird presents to be a 9. Always silent, never arranged, but giving a male (chips, et...) on the area to the west. 25 Aprl dbl-yellow present, alone, clapping yesterday and today with occasional dongs. 26 Aprl In morning, two birds on Argan nest. 9 in storm pre-egg laying display; male can...

and attempted twice to mount. Were twopen & guarding much time on grand farge, & above W co. 28-29 Pan present, & fedible persistent, give soft location notes, but parked higher and following. 15 Aug - yellowbanded Bunting wher on Argam away - flew toward Queen Sel down - till. Not seen, or detected, otherwise

1970 Pipilo fuscus Bubly, Calf. 7 March Both members of pair removed at a.m. Thale adult; ? (st-year) 8 March One member of pair moved to field line between Canyon & rus; called, returned to X with heart & its own territory. 10 March Regular calling on territory. 16 March Pair present, but quiet, in past work. Ovidulent's defrozed. Put out traps. 17 March Both members of pair caught. ? (test 3mm) & ? (ova <1mm) with lst-yrs. After ? was caught, [illegible] and removed from trap, an minute immediately following, ? chased aggressively a Fowler from the S (minute of bell house on occupied territory). ? then caught within 10 minutes. 19 March By now birds for X territory coming in fruitfully & hesitantly, but regularly trying & calling regularly. 22 March Both members of X pair come to house gutter & perch trees tentatively & call - regularly - not coming down to ground. 24 March ? (st-year) trapped - from neighboring pair to N. Ovary with ova up to 3mm.

1971 Pipilo fuscus 31 July Berkeley Pairs with fledglings from NE (male breed?) bring yng over Aragon project, and onto ours. One of them full-grown juveniles feeds alone in our yard. Pairs hunt occasionally, with a 2nd fledgling. 10 Aug. Single juvenile seen in yard intermittently in past week. It's large, probably M. Today, two (a pair?) 2 juveniles are in the yard. One (the larger) supports a very sparse adult that feeds on lawn following watering. Later, there is a flurry chase of a Henbane from the SW (across Queen Rd). 12 Aug. "Pair" apparently settled in yard; feeding together.

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1971 Pipilo fuscus 19 April 120 ad. 54.4 ova to 2 mm. no feet wing feathers ad. Some tail feathers only weakly truncate, tail not worn Broad patch melted but there April 18 1st y 51.4 testis 11 mm. 3 no feet, broad patch over with feet. April 18 - banded BT-YY flies from NE (over Aryan barn) into yard & flies from SW than English lawn, copied and chips loudly, dashing at and supplanting XY. [Shod bum trapped just 15-20 mm earlier] XY flies up to Jerry; both in strong territorial display: head up, body feathers ruffled wings dropped tail ups, feathers without dark center strip, XY flies back down to ground and they feud but remain excited (ie. still displaying). XY remains in more strong display & picking up feet, bootsed up, and dave at a short distance. Yderspart then 10-15 seconds later picks up another. Then he & picks up one pair, I photo, puts it down then a second puts their feet, separate. I go out to try to push

XY back into the center of the yard. This disturbance apparently upset sequence, & flashes at XY again, who leaves to NE over Bryan house. I had been chipping - but irregularly - never full songs. April 19. - Regrettably, I trapped and killed. a second towhee was nearby, walking along fence top - I thought it was the 2 - never looked at trapped bird, as I thought it was still another by XY. Hen totally defatthered, tail feathers truncated. April 28. Unlike the 19th, area quiet - towhees from NE & SW occasionally visiting. No more local chipping or week singing. April 30. XY now chipping in the area regularly, with them morning and evening on the 29th. Also present today I almost caught it!

1971 Pipilo fuscus 4 April Queensld Berkeley 55.3 ♂ 1st-year Testes 11 mm. cloaca end of rud? 51.0 8 1st-year Testes 11 mm. cloaca only slightly enl? 5 April ♂ ad? Testes 10 mm. cloaca only slightly enlarged No pat Sunday p.m. 2 2-celled traps put in DR garden. Browsed, two birds caught both proving to be first-year and males! Testes of same size, but cloacal development [illegible] in the 55.3 bird twice that in the 51.0 bird. [On Saturday], giving display seen by bird on fence, but then so noisy to know this was being done by one of the two caught. Display: puffing & spreading of body feathers, head up, tail waving stiffly, giving off chatter. A soft pair-communication sequence was given after the conclusion of the display, as the bird assumed normal posture. The male adult (53.9) taken on the Sun was trapped in the morning by 9 a.m. There was way of knowing exactly where it came from - as no doubt it was undoubtedly locally settled. Throughout the time the bird was trapped while I got it out, and until I left, there was a persistent - and exceptional - chirping (not singing) by a brown towhee across the

"went to the south, & below Queens, on this shingly lawn. The chipper appeared to be near Mrs. 's house (720 feet on the lower side of Queens about the junction)."

1973 Pipilo fuscus 3( May Berkeley (Hilgard Ave) ♀ 1st-year: Eia to 2 mm. Oviduct enlarging, 43.5 gm (G-2 mm. diameter); some feathers dropped from broad patch area. Member meted pair. 1974 Sept 22 Berkeley Hills Two pairs to south of "Ogden," at its south edge, involving territorial conflict. Pairs qone thru strong reinforced displays repeatedly, with one pair to south (pair A) closhing against one pair to north. Then was pair re-assignment: then the dash. North pair moves anti road on more brief clash at logging by one of the south pairs; North pair moving across road slowly, giving one pair in reinforced note. South pair moved south. Clear a boundary conflict two Oct 6 (Hilgard Ave - Pairson) strong territorial encounter to west of house. Pair on north side J street displays, a second pair called to move out across the street. As on the earlier situation, only one member of the north pair came across: Pair in reinforced display (begun)

which is what called my attention to the encounter. 975 Banding mch 21 - Banded small (24-year bird? [augmented ?]) Y (right) - Red (left), it flew directly to south, across street, then chased by another BT chasing aggressively (male!)

1975 Pipilo fuscus Berkeley, Calif. 15 Mar ad at Tester 13 min. Almost robed. Trapped on front deck. I accompanying him yesterday and today. In the following 3 hours (1030-1330), she moved around alone, on backside of kind, chirping repeatedly, after two encounters with the neighboring pair to north, she continued moving from trees and shuttling along that north territorial boundary, chirping, and occasionally giving the pair reinforcement note, not loudly, and giving at least times in sequence. Chirping just contact call - i.e., no built of organized sequential notes, as in a song.

Pipilo fuscus 15 March, 10:30 and ave, family. 11a.m. Male & local pair caught and removed. See earlier notes. I reacted though within the hour, chipping repeatedly, occasional pair member went notes, moving back and forth over territory on backsides of horses. Territorial encounters with pair to north. 5:30p.m. I still chipping, now giving organized songs & chips approach around property. Repeatedly. Second towhee caught in perch. Proved to be a 9 gram to SW. Adzard separated the territories. Territorial encounters seen a number of times in past months. Provided by usual feeding station on north side's deck to west, with tiny gatherings attracting the towhees pair to SW. 16 March 8-10a.m. I chipping persistently and now delivering full songs. Family are again active at back yard of trees about the stock house, favoring a tall Pterocarpus for singing. Moreover, the male to SW & SW also singing. Both birds heard small threads,

Repeatedly, Male S not giving fully confident song. Several encounters between F and g-n to SE, just E of Lacey Stops again. 17 March - situation same. Temperatures low... rain prior day and last night. 5:30 p.m. Two towhees in Patterson One chirping softly, giving proxied combat flight with from nearby one-mast nest. Displaying fully white song, wilt lord up, chest feathers raised, out wings dropped somewhat, and tail raised partly, wings quivered symmetrically at flanks other [?] individual, or generally on nest toward F of driveway. The occurred repeatedly. I gave and giving only occasional chip. She flew to back yard garages. Or remained in front, trying to assault at NE corner of black house. Warzone calling from SE territory; we assume this as the home of the new Mr. Hall has later pair about 2-3 feet apart, perching on box elder post from place, select.

18th March, 8 a.m. Trapped towhee. Presumed to be the local female. Small size, first year. Recent secondary broken distally on left side. Another towhee picked in box elder overlooking trapping site while observed. This bird kept calling with a soft buzzing note of the type given during pairing display. 9 a.m. Some morning finish and near Abeok house I got a brief series of 6-8 songs spread over 3-4 minutes, also at time of the crowing chorus, around 6:45, an individual, presumed to be the same song 2-3 times. Temperatures again low but with prospect intermittently giving by about 9 and stopping, I gave up. 8:5 a.m. more picking activity as still under way. (a.m.) 22nd March: On Tuesday & Wed some intermittent chirping, but everything quiet since then. 23rd March: Did enter notes for bird caught on 21st Mar. Caught a 1-yr old bird today, sang out to the resident & to each, but both escaped.

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1975 Pipilo fuscus Hilgard Ave., Berkeley 21 March ?? 1st year Yellow - Red. (to south) 1982 9 Sept Hilgard Ave. Towhee caught in trap set for rat that came in living room last nite. 3 ad. no fat. Testis 3mm. 54.0 gms neck almost completi: EE/EE/45o/EE/EE/45o/EE gms when picked up 7PM a.m., already ant-ridden, eyes dried, etc. - I.C., caught the previous day. In the neighboring yard, to east, was alone towhee chipping constantly, at varying rates, somewhat less vigorous song, but soft, and with subtle irregularity in the music forgoing a notes. This individual remained in the area before sleeps during the hour or after I discovered the trapped bird. It moved about chiefly on our upper yard and in Atkins' yard, closely oriented to the spot where at had first contact with its mate. 9 Sept. 5-7 p.m. Towhee present, calling as this morning. One gave a weak and somewhat irregular, but clearly identifiable pair re-enforcement note. 0 - 14 Sept. Single towhee present in each yard daily, chipping, a few more week songs given, also soft conversational note from by pair

members also heard. In succeeding days, the bird spent increasing amounts of time away from the yard. Sept 15. Another toucan nearby, but never came close, never saw or heard any interaction. [Specimen proved to be a male! My first thought was that calling and weak singing was that of a 120-year male, but it is clear this behavior can be shown by a F. Unfortunately do not know if she was 1st yr or adult.] Sept 16-23. Toucan present, chipping continues, but enters longer, as chipping of lower frequency. No song, pair-reinforcement note, or other vocal contact between mates. Neighboring toucan shows up, chips irregularly, but there are no close approaches. No pairing acts observed heard. I suspect neighbor is a F. When one flies, the other can move off in same direction, providing my individual (A) moves to NW. This may be low-key territorial interaction.

Patelka 1947 Junco hyemalis Feb. 15 Woolsey Canyon, Berkeley, Calif. Two adult males observed in a large flock of J. oreganus and Junco trachia along the border of the willow thicket of south draw, neighboring the horse enclosures where they were all finding abundant food.

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Pitilka 1947 Junco oreganus Feb. 15 Woolsey Canyon, Berkeley, Calif. Flock along south border of canyon woodland observed feeding quietly in canopy foliage & corks. The ground was soaking wet, the weather cold and foggy.

1972 June oryans 6 Sept Berkeley camp Adrest with 3 well grown fledglings near Townelle; two feeding themselves, The third begging and being fed.

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Pretka 1947 Pheucticus melanocephalus. Aug. 10 Woolsey Canyon, Berkeley, Calif. Adult male observed feeding and followed by one well-grown fledgling.

1972 Pheucters Sept 3 Berkeley Advert follows by phedglin callin for ford, I heard repeatedly while Calhoun 25-vii

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1954 Carpodacus mexicanus May 15 Queens Road, Berkeley, Calif. Nest¹ with 6 eggs against house, to right of front door. Contained only 5 eggs on May 29. Interference, which is fairly frequent, + coolness of position of nest may be responsible for delay in hatching. Nest 2 with 3 eggs on S side of very post, about 6 feet above ground. Contained two eggs on May 22. Apparently deserted. May 22. Nest 3 with young on N side of very post about 8 feet above the ground. Parents bringing food, and one fairly well grown young out and following parents. Another & building (Nest 4) on E side of post about 5 feet below lowest crossbar. Nesting material being brought her also on May 29. Copulation observed on May 29. May 22 Nest 5 on N side of post about 3 feet below, being built on May 22, pair observed entering here in following week. May 23 Chases occur among ♀♀'s as well as ♂♂'s. ♂♂'s follow ♀♀'s and seem to be aggressive usually in the presence of and near their mates, or just after mate enters nest sites. Male at one of the post nests displayed before ♀ of Nest 1 as she perched on nearby wires; he uttering shrill sex note and attempting to approach her, while she chased him in small arcs around the post area. She, after 3-4 such chases, proceeded to his nest

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1954 Carpodacus mexicanus May 28 Queens Road, Berkeley while he, unlike the male of pair 1, remained perched near the post. May 28 Pair 6, near living room fireplace, active on N W side of house; & carrying nesting materials and examining nest sites. & giving characteristic plaintive doublets or triplets which are uttered persistently by & in this stage. This & occasionally turns into short burbles of song. 1983 10 Sept Helgard Ave., Berkeley Adult being followed by food-calling fledglings.

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1972 Spina tristis = carduelis tristis Berkeley 23 July N/3 S. tristis in Wildcat Canyon. 30 July N/4 now First egg laid 21-VIII Spinus psaltria. 30 July Adults plus 2-3 fledglings begging for food in side canyon above Wildcat Church. 5 Sept Adult plus fledgling being fed along Kilgard Ave.

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"Vagabonds" 1970 6 Sept Queens Road, Berkeley Red-breasted Ducklet 7 Sept Olmi Tathany Western Tango 1st Michigan Sea-Calling (Shasta x Queens).

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