Field notes, v562

Christman, Gene M.

Unknown

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

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G.M.Christman 1960 catalogue *682-699 Joshua Tree, Nat'l M. Calif.

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Christensen, Sh 1960 Catalogue Joshuan Cove, 3'000 ft., Joshua Tree N.M., San Bernardino Co., Calif. 7 April 682 imm. Bufo punctatus 683 ♂ Thesomys testes 5 mm. 131-34-21-3 684 imm ♀ Sylvilagus 139-14-36-34 wt. 66.3 gm Pinon Wells, 3700 ft., Joshua Tree Nat'l Mon., Riverside Co., Calif. 10 April 685 Cnemidophorus tigris 686 Cnemidophorus 687 ♂ Sceloporus magister 688 Callisaurus draconoides 689 Callisaurus ", 690 Callisaurus ", 691 Uta stansburiana 692 Uta ", Sanddunes in Pinto Basin, 1750 ft. Riverside Co., Calif. 11 April 693 Crotaphytus wislizeni 694 Dipsosaurus dorsalis Pinto Basin, Riverside Co., Calif. 10 April 695 Calamonyx 12 April soft areas 696 ♂ Empidouax tailis 2mm fat 12.6 gm. 697 ad♂ Otocoris alpestris testes 7x9 mm. little fat 28.5 gm 698 ad♀ " " Ova 12,7, smaller mm., breed patch 29.9 gm 699 ad♂ Passer domesticus (tailis 3x11 mm)

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G.M.Christman 1960 Journal-photos Joshua Tree Nat'lM. Calif.

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Christman, D. M. 1960 Journal 6 Apr. Berkeley to Joshua Tree National Monument. Dr. Miller, James D. Anderson & myself left Berkeley at 6:00 a.m. and by way of Hayward and Tracy onto Highway 99. In Merced we stopped to repair a tire – inner tube, and were delayed from 9:00 a.m. to 11:15. Ate lunch in a park in Fresno at noon. About three we approached Tehachapi pass from Belberfield. The upper portion of this broad flat alluvial floor was (Bena) covered with shrubs, a carpet of Lupinus and lush grass. The treeless lower foothills were also lushly covered with grass, and extensive areas of Amargosa and to a lesser extent Eschscholzia. Named Larks. The oak woodland is greening up, short grass was dense. Joshua trees toward Mojave from Tehachapi are in clumps with relatively few of them branching – these appear to be clones. The desert about Mojave is just opening up – a few areas with a carpet of yellow flowers, few shrubs are green or blooming. 466 & 395 to Adelanto & Victorville, San Bernardi B.P.D. Bought groceries & a meal at Buncel. Onto Hwy18 and road to Joshua Valley. Pleasant evening – collected 3 sidevindas. a 3/4+ moon and no rodents seen. Into Indian Cave at 10:15 p.m. – to sleep with rock cars and Bugs sounding off. 7 Apr. Indian Cave, Joshua Tree National Monument, 3,000 ft. San Bernardino to, Calif. After a guide breakfast we were in the field by 6:15 a.m. Jim and I worked toward the "pot holes" up the steep fractured granitic walled canyon.

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Christman, D.L. 1960 2. Journal 7 Apr. Indian Cave Joshua Tree Nat'l Mon., San Bernardino Co., 3000' elev., Calif. Found a Carpodacus mexicanus nest 4 ft. up in a Cholla - four day old young & one egg. The nest was well shaded and the ? flushed at 6-12 ft on two approaches. Morning lances were abundant about the many pools of water. They were particularly voracious. I photographed about the area till 9:30 and returned to camp, then down the dry sandy stream course next to the east wall of the spine of hills extending N. The dominant plant is the Desert Willow - Chilopsis linearis which is not in good leaf - rather sad heddled trees. This dry riparian area is different from the Yucca-Senna-shrub for the horizon is obscured and distance view at near ground level is reduced as compared to the higher area. Platanus poplas were seen, along with many white-crowned sparrows, a pair of ash-throated flycatchers. A fair number of quail ( Gambel) are in the area - dispersed in pairs. No evidence of nesting, but watched a male flash at a ? over rocks and into small shrubby clumps on the hillside. Creedodorus were abundant along the stream course jungle. We went into 29 Palms & visited the Monument HQ and watched for & collected herps on road to the Lawer covington Flat area late in the afternoon.

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3. Journal Christman, The 1960 8 April Lower Carrington Flat, Riverside Co., Joshua Tree Natl. Mem., Calif. We arrived in the late afternoon yesterday and made camp in a small shallow canyon or better, draw, 75 yds (e.) of the main dry wash which enters the canyon. (Smith water) Poor willows, Horned Owls and a Coyote were heard last night, the latter two very briefly. The night was clear and cool until about 1:00 a.m. when a broad band of clouds from NE to SW moved to the SE — the temperature warmed for an hour or so until the air mass passed when it abruptly cooled. (Smith water) This a.m. Dr. Miller & I headed down the canyon early. The "flat" area here appears to be a series of small ridges and shallow draws to the west — covered with Pinon and juniper with prominent igneous outcrops. The dry washes from these laterals flow east and join the main wash which heads from S to N before turning almost right angle to enter the canyon at the NE. The wash is literally sprinkled with Chilopsis — black, bending limbs with lighter gray branches falling earthward. No Mesaccs were found on the meadow until we went well down the canyon. The lower alluvial areas in this valley are prominently covered by bunches of a perennial grass which

N old mine hill canyon uplands (fairly open) with water chilopsis wash camp x upper Ribbon-Willow-Quercus dumosa manzanita on rocky ridges upland s (2 40) skunk brush & manzanita in flat sandy areas mine shaft-well where a nav [myth?] washed

Christman, J.M. 1960 Journal Lower Caxington Flat, R., Riverside Co., Calif. J.T.N.M. N22/27 to S, to W. of below N22/31 (printed backwards) to.S. from hillside above (W) camp.

Christman, J.M. 1960 Journal Lower Carrington Flats, fr., Riverside Co., Calj. Jarlue T.N.M. N22/11 down Smith Water Canyon to NW.

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Christman, The 1960 Journal 8 April Lower Callington Flat, Jasuna Tree belt man. is just putting on flowering leaves. They are green except at a distance the bunches blend into a field of a greenish-yellow gray. The grass is not found in the sandy washes and are sparse in the upland areas where shrubs dominate the scene. Some oaks (Quercus dumosa spp.) in a stunted form are found mainly in the canyons and upland areas - they are just leaving out with fresh leaves. They are scrubby plants. Jasuna trees are abundant, on the uplands and to a lesser extent on the hills. the N facing slopes of the canyon are heavily wooded with Pinyon, Juniper and Scrub Oak - and the wash broad and sandy with few rocks - with a further penetration down canyon the aspect becomes progressively massive, steeper and more arid. At one mile down near the several gray granitic "falls" white sage (Salvia apiana) is dominant - they are just sending up the tall verticle flower stalks. The area is covered with many leaf shrubs - all the stalks are broken off at the same height. One [illegible] Malina was found in the shaded canyon wall - facing S.

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Christman, S.H. 1960 Journal 8 April Lower Carrington Trail, 4800 ft., Joshua Tree Natl. Mon., Riverside Co., Calif. As we went down the stream bed more Chilopsis were in leaf and further down more of the trees in leaf. Black-chinned Sparrows, white-throated Sparrows, Linnets, and Later the afternoon I shot a Ruby-crowned Kinglet - too short to save.

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Christman, Jr 1960 Journal 5 9 April Lave, Covington Flat, 4800 ft. Joshua Tree Nat'l Mon., Riverside Co., Calif. I spent the entire morning photographing on the near side of the flat in the Pinyon belt. Due to the more rugged hills of decomposed granite the Joshua trees peter out as the Pinyons come in; the Scrub Oak and Juniper held up were but many in density. Grasses are not as prominent, shrubs are not as dense as on the upland flats. A Murgante appeared on the upper reaches of the hills -- none were flowering; all in new leaf. They did not appear in solid clumps -- just several well spaced individuals. Saw a group of fresh fecal pellets -- deer size - [illegible] dark brown; they were still shining from moisture. They were on the down-hill side of an open clump of oak on a south facing slope, 50 ft. + below a ridge. No bed was evident although an older trod group of pellets were among the new group. This appear to be deer. I worked up the stream bed which drains the upper Covington Flat. Bushtits, Scrub Jays and Oregon Junces were present but quiet -- no loads on nest hunting. Upon working down the flat, in a blue granite boulder area a small, apparently coyote dug (trough), water hole was found. It was about 15 inches deep and held about a 9x10 pool of water -- in the damp earth

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9 April Lower Carrington Flat, 4,800 ft., Joshua Tree Nat'l Monument, Riverside Co., Calif. Below the large series of boulders. Three Mourning Doves were seen on the rocks. One tried to copulate with the other two individuals. Each of the birds so advanced upon flew - the third one followed as they flew down the stream bed. Linnets and Lawrence Goldfinches were in the trees about the pool so I stationed myself eight feet from the pole with a 135 mm. lens and took photos of Laurence Goldfinch, drinking. Twice a pair lighted three feet from the pole & hopped to the water when other JT flew directly into the hole. The first JT immediate flew as the other JT and chased them off & pursued up the canyon wall. There was considerable fighting. Shortly the a JT joined the female at the pool. Earlier in the a.m. I flushed two Sparrows in a shrub area on the uplands N of camp. They flew when I was 16-15 ft. away. Both flew 35 yds. down canyon & lighted on the ground under the shrubs. No nest was found nor anything out of the ordinary. They appeared rather rufous in flight. One Red-tailed Hawks seen in a.m. We struck camp about 2 p.m. and went down the road to a turn off to the west. Entered Upper Carrington Flat. The bunch grass is especially lush. Most of the synecas are in fullassan

9 April Lower Cavington Flats, 4500 ft., Joshua Tree Nat'l. Mon. Riverside Co., Calif. Yucca, mohavensis is slower in budding. The impression: more and larger Y. brevifolia with much fallen timber. The scrub Oaks are not leaved out well and appear in a bad condition. The flats are green - same Lupinus appearing stream forks in a small dry bed. The road continues west to a promontary overlooking the 5W - scapegrment and almost vertically dissected hills. Pts. San Jacinto & San Gargonia were seen as peaks above a smoggy haze. On the peak the manganita - more resplendent than at Lower Cavington Flats was in profuse bloosoming - small white flowers. about 75 ups. NW of the junction of this side road we stopped to check on the Pinyon Jays which we saw the other day and more seen in the immediate area today. Dr. Miller found a nest of them are Pinyon Jays here. The nest was on the SW side of a juniper, 7-8 ft. up - in a crease clump almost completely obscured from views. Photos were taken of the nest tree, the nest from the ground and from the fender of the truck, & of the Jaws jumping.

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Christway, Jim. 1960 Journal 8 9 April 1/2 mi. N. (dawn canyon) Paijun Wells, #3750 ft., Riverside Co., Calif. After a stop in Joshua Tree to sleep we came here just after dark. The broad flat N of us - sloping up to Square Tank - is carpeted by white flowers. (The Yucca glauca near the entrance of the Monument and of Joshua Tree are in the large green pod stage - indeed some of those on the area N of us here are like it) 10 April Photographed about the lower part of the canyon and out on the fan. Found a Linnar nest in a cholla in the canyon bottom - four downy young perhaps three to five days of age and one unhatched egg. Mockingbirds and Thrashers are abundant here. Jim and I worked down the canyon and a mile out onto the fan after lizards. Costa Hummingbird in desert willow. The willows here have just a few green leaves. The desert is carpeted with annuals giving the area a hager appearance.

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Christman 1960 Journal Smoke tree in sandy wash 10 Apr. To NE Horned Larks & meadow Larks

Christman, J. H. 1960 Journal 10 April Pinyon Wells to Pinto Basin, Riverside Co., Calif. We left same at 2:00 p.m. and proceeded to the fork in the road S. of Yucca Tank. There we turned east, flanking a dark reddish range of mountains. Immediately S. of this range is a dry lakebed of fine silt. Much of the surface is covered by a sparse growth of Erodium sp. dig and up to five inches high. The appearance is that of a shortgrass prairie. Areas of luscil foliage were found particularly east of the road where it was up to 2 ft. high and green -- at the growing fruit stage. Only a few shrubs were on this playa. Wildlaw Larks were heard & seen to E. -- at least 2 individuals -- and difficult to approach. I approached a ? Horned Lark -- once it was on a 8" high rock, the other a 3 ft. shrub. Both times I got within 20 yds of the bird. Several other individuals seen flying. To the south is a band 100 yds + of verbenia in bloom before it gives way to a yucca forest. To the W. short shrubs & Larea form a belt 1/2 mi. + before Yucca appears. There is a smie W. of road in hills. Yucca tank today -- a hole 1 ft. deep & 8" in diameter, indicated damp earth. Proceeded to Bello Camp area and down to Pinto Basin. Drowning Laves flying up canyon. Add 2 Fales spawning at dry lake. At mi. E. of the blade isolated hill near the Cholla patch we turned off the road to N. at a gravel pit & went 1+ mi. N. toward sand dunes and camped.

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M. Christian 1960 Journal Pinto Basin, Riverside Co., Caly. Opuntia Bigelovii, cholla patch, w end of Pinto Basin; 6NE wood rat hut in same area.

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1960 Journal 10 April Pinto Basin, 1750' ft., Riverside Co., Calif. Clouds came in from the SW last night and are still with us. This evening Jim Underman & I drove the road between the darkhill- cholla patch to about five mi. + beyond the dirt road to NE across the basin. The evening was cool and a larger full moon at decks. From about 8 p.m. to 9:30 we saw a half dozen Plagomithus (once langemontis for sure) on the road and after 9:30 p.m. almost an equal number of Dipodamy. There was no pattern to their appearance after 10 p.m. we saw a dozen Lepus californicus and one Sylvilagus audoboni -- all in or near the Cholla Patch. DORs on road: one poor-will, one Lepus Californicus, 1 mi. W. of gravel pit and several Dipodomy (plus a snake). We picked up five geckos along the entire stretch of road. One quick glance at what appeared to be a coyote in a wash at 10:30 p.m. Mockingbird were heard singing along the route. 11 April I made a circuit 3/4 mi. E and 1/2 mi. S. of camp between 7: and 9: a.m. No lizards were seen, in an area of about five acres there was a concentration of Black-throated Sparrows and Brewer's Sparrows -- all in full song. They were shy. Watched one Black-throated Sparrow bring nesting material to a fence three times. The other individual came to nest site once but couldn't determine if it had incorporated the material in full into the nest. The nest was

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Christmas Eve 1966 Journal 11 April. Puerto Basin, s. of dunes, 1750 ft., Riverside Co., Calif. few strands of dry grass leaf fragments in the fork of a Lunea branch 8" off ground on the E. side of level. Below what was intended to be the base of the nest was a substantial & branchy fork -- the nest would be supported into fork by the fork plant. Again marking levels in the area. Last night when setting up camp Gambel Sparrows were in the area about camp, but had moved on by this morning. Left camp at 10 a.m., and went N to dunes and east to the 40m.p. wide wash which flows N between the dune areas. Dr. Miller gave directions to same nests in the snake trees. These trees are sparse -- only about 10 in 100 yds. The most satisfactory one was an old Lcords Herakleum nest 3 ft up on E. side. At N. end of line of trees was a shrike nest with five young at fledgling age. In order to photograph the nest I had to pull out some dead twigs in the way. At this all of the very small young, but one, climbed up the branches and into the nest. They appeared not to be able to fly just yet. The adults calling loudly, flew from one Lunea to another, on the flats close the wash in a 50 yd. radius once both alighted briefly in the nest tree, & then joined Jim and worked along the ridge of the dune to the W. One Uma was seen. Clouds have lowered slightly and a stiff breeze is blowing -- the sky is open only to the west.

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Helstrom 1960 Journal Pinto Basin, 1,750 ft., Riverside Co., Calif. to N from camp area — note sand dune — higher level area to SE from camp area — more grass in this area.

Christensen 1960 Journal Pareo Camp area Dipodomys murraw

Christmas 1960 Journal Pinto Basin, 1,750 ft., Riverside Co., Calif. Sand dune area, 85W - 6 NW

U. Christerson 1960 Journal 11 Apr. Pinto Basin, 1,750 ft., Riverside Co., Calif. Nest of Black-throated Sparrow in Franseria dumosa in Sand dune area 12 Apr. detail of substrate where ad J (697) Otocoris alpestris was collected. Small furb is Achyronychia cooperi.

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christman, S. M. 1960 Journal

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Christman, J.M. 1960 Journal nestling wash 3/4 mi. NE of camp. in snake tree, in sandy.

Christman, J.M. 1960 Journal Badger collected by F.H.M.

Estuar, Fri 1960 Journal 11 April Pinto Basin, 1,750 ft., Riverside Co., Calif. We found a black-throated Sparrow nest with 4 light blue eggs. The nest was about 8-10" up in a shrub Burrobush (? Franseria dumosa Gray) under the N. Canopy of a Larea - on top of the dune area. The shrub branches formed a complete canopy to the nest which was perhaps centered from the S, thru the Larea. The hole was 4"+ deep and 3 1/2 +- wide. The Larea did not form an essential part of nest support. It was photographed. Back to Camp. Out of camp at 3:00 p.m. - at 29 Palms by 4:00 - shopping, etc. & 5 on entrance road, thru the monument to Joshua Tree & on to Indian Cove - same camp area as first night. Windy cold evening. The cloud pour moved past to NE. 12 April) up and out to 29 Palms & on down to Pinto Basin where we stopped at the gravel pit and went into the dunes to collect; at 3: p.m. we went to Cottonwood Springs and beds - a quick meal and we read the roads for herps: one Diposaurus, many Dipodomys and Sceloparthus until the low moon came up, then rodent activity slowed greatly.

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13 (a) Journal Notes on Vegetation in Joshua Tree Nat'l. Mon. 12 April From Joshua Tree to 29 Palms is a Lenea-Gucca mahanensis community, with other minor shrubs, on the broad gently sloping piedmont plain. Few Smoke Trees in a wash 1 mi. W. of 29 Palms. Monument HQ - going south into monument-mileap [82.4]yz = Rising up the alluvial fan, blooming Lenea and other shrubs; Opuntia ramosissima and Cholla, no Guccas. (82 [826] = Monument Boundary, more Lenea in bloom. [830] = First Gucca lucidifolia in pod stage, near head of canyon & carpets of wild flowers - the white popcorn like and the yellow [831] = thru a Pass & the turn off to the SW; a Joshua forest with mixed up of shrubs. Lenea is not a dominant. Many of the shrubs appear dormant or dead. Fewer flowers and no passes. The shrubs are fairly close together. [832] Belle Camp cause granitic sandy-gravel with many outcrops of granite to the East of the highway [833]1/2 Out of the Joshua Trees; mixed shrubs with Y. mahanensis. 834 +/- White Tank 835 Photo to SE [836] Dawn Canyon, sandy-silt and dark rocks on hill. Few Y. mahanensis in the flower stage or pod stage. Diverse shrubets forks with same bladdered in washes. The hills are barren of vegetation. Canyon is 100 yds wide; more shrubs in flower here. A few Chilopsis in wash; they are well leafed out. (about 10:30 a.m.) [839] = Out of canyon onto a steep broad alluvial

crestman, I'm 1960 Journal Vegetational Notes These notes are almost verbatim copies of rough notes taken during travel. Mileage fairly accurate. Paint Basin fan, sloping down to E., Smoke trees in wash. Mixed shrubs - open stands of shrubs. No yucca. Rather spotty stands of Larea. coarse sand with small rocks; sandy washes. no flowering forbs, though shrubs are in bloom (about 40%). - area flat to gently rolling. [841] = two small lone hills in the middle of the fan & into the Challa patch very abruptly. [842] out of the Challa into mixed shrubs with only minor amounts of Larea. [842 ½ - 843] The Catillo patch. [843½] mixed shrubs with more Larea. [844] Fried Liver Wash (This flows out of Pleasant Valley) with a good stand of Smoke trees and into a Larea stand, along with a few other sp. of shrubs. No forbs. Very windy and shrubs are widely spaced. No yucca and few cactus of any sort. This area appears to be particularly dry with a minor amount of forbs, many small washes and small rocks on surface. [846½] Dense Larea with a few more forbs but no carpos. Shrubs are close together. [847] The first clumps of grass = This point is almost parallel to the west end of the dune hill to the north. [847½] Turnoff to gravel pit and farmer camp Grass with short stunted Larea, rather open. (Made camp & collected for awhile - on road again by 3:15) [848] out of Gravel pit area. Larea, pass # (crawlaw nest?) ; few flowering forbs. Sandy-gravel with small rocks and rather open appearance.

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Dustman, J. M. 1960 Journal Vegetational Notes Pinto Basin Continue on road to SE. Gravelly washes which are shallow. A huge area of Larrea up to 3 ft. high. Most plants are dead looking - an open area [shrubs more widely spaced]. Little grass, though not in amounts as closer to the dunes. Mixed shrubs with Larrea as a dominant. [850]ft. Larrea area with carpet of forks up to 1 ft. high - [851] In this area is a range of low hills of large dark reddish-gray rocks. The rocks vary from 25 to 70 yds. S. of road. Same plants. This is along an alluvial fan, fine gravel. Larrea is not lush here as formerly. [852] Area of sparse & mahavenis. More hills to S. Larrea community - only 1/2 of these shrubs are in bloom. [853] A stringer of the low rock hills from S. crossing road - a N to S line, 500 yds. wide. A narrow series of washes and dips in road. Borcine Wash on a broad fan, with another patch of Y. mahavenis, only one or 2 in flower. [853 1/2] More rocks in patches, rocky hills to the N and NE. Here Y. mahavenis with a few Ocatillo. But rocky hills and fine to massive gravel. [854 1/2] Down hill into a basin of Larrea in a pure stand with as an understory carpet forl; some Y. mahavenis. Turn to S. [855] Outroad turn off to NE - (8 mi. to Cottonwood Springs) up a fan to the S. Larrea - Y. mahavenis (few in flower) community with many forks, cap --

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Eastman, F. H. 1960 Journal Vegetational Notes 12 April [856] Pinto Basin Riverside Co. Cal. = through a rocky pass of boulders 200 yds wide, up a gradient, swinging to SSW into another broad basin. [856 ½] Smoke Tree wash, many small smoketrees of which a considerable number appear dead. [857] an area of Chilopsis in leaf [the least leafed out that we have seen so far], dense shrubs and tall Larrea - a denser, closer cover of shrubs of many species, especially to S. Mixed Shrub area. Kelly to the east (Eagle Mountains) and a basin to the west. [859] up a hill (rocky) with good stand of Y. mahanensis, with Onto a broad upland fan. Larrea is minor here. Few foils and many small shrubs - one is a buckwheat. [860] DOR redsacer - 4 mi. a live one. Most of the P. mahanensis is in flower. [861] an open area with many Y. mahanensis & most shrubs appear dormant or dead. One half open in a sandy gravel. [862] into low hill, with juniper. turn to E to Coltonroad Spring. mixed shrubs with Larrea minor, up a canyon & low rocky hills. foils abundant & Y. mahanensis. [863] About 20 cars at parking area at Spring - turn around. [864 ½] back onto highway [869] White-throated Swifts flown. in this general area we saw of meadow larksbly, [875] ½ mi. + N, into basin are several patches of Ocatillo

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Journal Quail Springs road out of Morrocan, Riverside Co., Calif. - sw of Yucca Valley J.W. Christman 1960

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istman, G.M. 1960 Map 2 Mixed shrubs Opuntia Bigelowii Ocotillo Smoke Trees Larrea dense sparse Bandy Horned Larks rocks grass mixed-shrub-forbs fine gravel out crops - hills short Larrea Yucca m. sparse Ocatillo small clump of Ocatillo White-throated Swift Meadow Lark torbs Larrea-Yucca mohavensis Small Mixed Shrubs* Yucca mohavensis * washes: Smoke Trees Chilopsis linearis Cotton- wood Springs Juniperus *= Y. schidigera

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stman, G.M. 1960 Hexie Mts. To 29 Palms 2 lone hills Cholla patch Ocotillo patch fried Liver Wash Pinto Basin Gravel Pit Camp 12 April sand dunes camp 11 April hills low hills Porcupine Wash a basin Smoke Tree Wash Eagle Mts. Cottonwood Springs Cottonwood Pass [illegible] Map 1 one mile

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Christman 1960 Hyla arenicolor 7 April Pat Holes, Indian cave, Joshua Tree Natt. Movement. San Bernardino Co., Cal. Many were heard calling last evening and this am. Saw a half dozen or so in the potholes proper. They were in the water and on the walls of the 2-4 ft. deep cylindrical holes. Most faced down toward water - their feet were tightly pressed beside and under the body. Most seemed to rely upon their protective coloration and did not jump into the shallow water of the pothole. One on the sunny edge of the granite hole swam to the shaded deeper portion.

Christman, G.H. 1960 Crota phytos wislizeni 11 April Pinto Basin, 1,750 ft., Piocride Co., calif. 10:25 a.m. found one tar pit one among Verbina (in bleam) in sandy area at base of east end dunes. Coastal temp. 30.0°C & surfaced sand 28.5°C * Abroia villosa (Chamss) Jepson

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Diestman, J. Jr. 1960 Dipsoaurus dorsalis 11 April Pinto Basin, 1750ft., Riverside Co., Calif. at about 10:30a.m. I found one among sparse plants* in sand at east end of dunes. The head was on ground and acted torpid. Cloacal temp. 29.4° C & surface of sand 27.8° C. Easily captured - had a dull yellowish green smear over face and chin. * plants; Malacothrix glabrata Gray Chaenactis macrantha D.C. Eat. This area, close to where the Cratophytus was collected was at the base of the sand dunes with sparse Larea, occasional clumps of grass and deep swales of white sand covered up to 75% with plants - mainly Verbena. The smear effect of this animal could be from eating the yellow flowers of the compositae: † * plants identified by V.C. Kerhammer staff 25 May 60 [† or from eating the Spyngid caterpillars so numerous here - probably the former situation.]

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Westman, J. H. Sceloporus magister 10 April Puyon Wells, 3,750 ft Riverside Co., Calif. One seen on 6 ft. high yucca (yucca) with dead top at a distance of 40 yds – it ran down trunk and disappeared down a small shallow bushy wash. The second one was seen at close range 7 ft. up in a yucca tree (with many branches) where it was flat. Apparently it heard me for it was running down a limb when it turned around, and stopped when it saw me. 22 shot & no. 687. These two lizards were seen on the Lancea-Yucca alluvial fan ½ mi. N of the mouth of Canyon.

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Christmas Day 1960 Cathartes aura 11 April Pinto Basin, 1700 ft., Riverside Co., Calif. Between 9-10 a.m. 2 circled their way at 5 end of the dunes from E to W at ± 50 yds up. This was before the wind came up and they flapped considerably. 3:45 p.m. near C. line, 5 on Road to Belle Camp from 29 Palms Two seen circling over the broad alluvial fan, same height.

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Christman, G.H. 1960 Calyp te costae 7 April Indian Cave, Joshua Tree Natl Monument, San Bernardino Co., Calif. Discovered a hummingbird nest 3 1/2 ft. f rom ground in a desert willow in the 'jungle' north of camp. at N side of 8' tree, on 1 1/2 - 2" branch. Two white eggs in nest. for photographs of the nest. J Costa on top branches of willow and Yucca mollensis, from 35 to 150 yds. from the nest. A small bird prominent gorget spot was on its lower tilt & on the nest. through the entire throat was a pale cadmium yellow - presumably from the flowers of the bladder pod which are profusely blooming now. > Isomeria arborea Not.

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Christman, B. h. 1960 Corvus corax 12 April White Tanks (canyon SE of), Riverside Co., Calif. while driving to 29 Palms one was seen flying down canyon toward Pinto Basin.

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Christman, Jr. M 1960 Otocoris alpestris 12 Apr Pinto Basin, 1,700 ft., Riverside Co., Calif. While Jim & I were returning from the sand dunes in the early afternoon a horned lark was seen deliberately walking away from me in an open lanea stand 1/2 mi. from the gravel pit (to NE). When first seen it was about 25 yds away. Upon approaching its walk continued at the same rate, head up and no running. After getting the 16 gauge it was that after following it, perhaps 50+ yds more to the east. Shot with #6. Two nymphal grasshoppers were in the hill when killed, were present when first seen. The area was a sparse stand of lanea on coarse sand with no flowers as present near the dunes. Achyronychia cooperi T.& G. was widely spaced here & was absent only fair present. No. 697 and ad. ▴ On our return to the truck heard some larks about the gravel pit. Two were flying about - one was being chased - this bird landed on the rim of the bank where it was shot (698► ). The remaining bird returned to the area where the first had alighted. Could not shoot it 1/4 floor out & range to N & Sero from the top of one lanea to another. Then it flew high over this immediate area slowly gaining altitude until all I could see was the black tail & it soaring N-S 100 yds it remained parallel to this site. Came down, no dive, landed shortly on brush then flew to pit, shot & surrounded it, but it escaped to the east.

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Molothrus ater 11 April Pinto Basin, 1,700 ft., Riverside Co., Calif. at 7: a.m. a ? lighted in a crevice hard 35 yds. W. of camp - hopped down lush & 2 ft. of the ground and sang its girling song, spread wings slightly & head up - saw display. Shot at it but missed flew off.

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restwan J. M. 1960 Passer domesticus 13 April Ponto Basin, 1750 ft., Riverside Co., Calif. One male flew along truck for several minutes - from bush to bush & an open space, between 15 and 25 yds. distance. It was collected with 16 gauge . * 6 shot. Shot 8:30 a.m.

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Christman, She 1960 Sylvilagus audubonii 7 Apr. Indian Cave, Joshua Tree Natl. Monument, San Bernardino Co., Calif. while standing in clump of low brush and willows a small immature came running down a path toward me. Miles and Anderson had just walked by this area in the opposite direction. Upon my give at the rabbit it took cover in a small dense shrub. It was captured by hand. A tunnel-form was found close to where the rabbit was first seen - no fresh feces or indications of a nest could be located at this spot or in the surrounding brush. im. 684

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Thomas 7 April Indian Cave, Joshua Tree Nat'l Mon., San Bernardino Co., Calif. 3,000 ft. While eating lunch about 1 p.m. we noticed a small grayish rodent come out of a hole under a shrub (Laurca ?) 35 ft from us and nibbled at the base of a forb 10" high. After short 5 sec. + dashes the critter cut the plant down and tossed it - backwards and head first into the burrow. No fresh dirt about the hole - color of soil bleached white-gray decomposed granite. after several more forags - Jim shot the pacher gopher - nm 8 683

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G.M.Christman 1960 Species Acc't, 1960 & 1965

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Christman, S. M. 1960 Agelaius tricolor Oct. 2 Nesbitt Ranch (Cattail Club), 10 mi. S. Mareyville, Yuba Co., Calif. while working in *2 pond, about 11 a.m. a ? was seen flying west with long streamers of nesting material in her bill. She flew to the dense Typha stand 35 yds. W. of the N. end of *2 levee. I entered the marsh at a point about 50 yds NE of the flow outlet below *1 pond. Cattails were extremely dense. Went in some sixty feet circles & came out by another route - a total of 17 nests were found. All were damp, had fresh green grass in lining & Lemna glued to strands of Typha leaves. The first two or three nests were empty, then 1 egg/ nest; near the deeper penetration of the colony- Typha stand one nest contained 2 eggs, another three eggs. In all, of the 17 nests, 3 contained one egg/ nest, one with 2 eggs, one with 3 eggs; total 9 eggs. These were collected & opened. Six was incubating - 1 1/2-2 mm bastofibris - light orange, yolk orange. One dark red-orange yolks no disc seen; another, same, but question presence of disc. The fresh nests were consistently higher in the cattails than the remnants of the older spring nests. Water depth was 2 1/2 ft. - the new nests were up to 4 ft above water level? During the several hours when this colony was under observation birds were flying out of colony & to the east and from the east to the colony, in single & small groups of 5 to 25.

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Christman, Dr. 1965 2 Agelaius tricolor 3 mi. E., 50' elev. Oct. 2 Washoe Ranch (Lattice Club), 10 mi. S. Marysville, Yuba Co., Cal. These birds were almost entirely males. Also, males were perched on the cattails in the colony area proper in a fairly dense pattern, in places where many of the leaves were tenuous. No special pasturing was observed. Of the males perched on cattails and the ever present coming and going of males is an indication of breeding then nesting colonies should be expected in the denser growths of Typha from the channel between ponds 2 & 3 down to the axles at #1. We tried to shoot a sample of the birds flying back & forth. At #2 we shot 2 ♂ and 4 more ♂ near the house. The pastures of #5 was flooded, with many Brewer Blackbirds. Also, upon leaving at 4 p.m. we saw many tricolors in a pasture 1 mi. E. of ranch head- quarters. It is believed that the tricolors were flying between the well permanent pastures (dairy type) to the colony - a distance of 1 ½ miles. In the early a.m. & after dark in p.m. tricolors roasted in the strings of cattail near the house where Redwings are normally found. They are not prevalent here during the day- only Redwings. I brought back & am freezing 6 ♂ tricolors. 30 June '61 Exact locality: Marysville Quad., 15' R 4 E; T 13 N section 4 (N ½)

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Christman, J.H. 1960 2 Catalogue 3 mi. E., 50' elv., Oct. 2 Hackell Ranch, (Cattail Club), 10 mi. S. Manzanitas, Yuba Co., Calif. 710 ad ♂ Agelaius tricolor skull as #f; testes 3x4 mm.; wt. 64.39 gm. + + changed from 707 to 710 + + + + + 12 Jan. 1961 G. M. C. The remainder of these birds were worked on by John Ralph -- Oct. 11 713 ad ♂ A. tricolor skull compl. as #f; orange fat; no ovt. 714 ad ♂ A. tricolor skull compl. as #f; orange fat; no ovt. 715 ad ♀ A. tricolor skull compl. as #f; orange fat wt. 49.1 gm edematous brood patch; enlarged aciducts -- + 716 ad ♂ A. tricolor skull compl. as #f; fat (orange); no ovt. 717 imm. ♂ A. phoeniceus Ph. primary & body molt - one layer wt 60.2 gm.; testes 1x2 mm. ossifies areas + 718 ad ♀ A. tricolor skull compl. as #f; orange fat, head patch, enlarged oviduct & aciduct wt. 44.8 gm. orange fat 719 imm. ♂ A. tricolor skull as #717; testes 1x2 mm. wt 63.8 gm. 720 imm. ♂ A. phoeniceus skull as #717; testes 1x1 mm. wt. 57.8 molting oviducts not grossly enlarged, many area 721 ad ♀ At. no brood patch ossifies skull, wt. 46.7 gm 1-3 mm. 722 imm ♂ A. phoeniceus skull as #717; testes 1x1 mm. wt. 56.1 gm 723 ad ♀ A. tricolor 2 yolks in aciduct; brood patch wt. 48 gm. * gonad saved

Christman, D.M. 1960 3. Agelaius tricolor 3 mi. E., 50' elv, Oct. 11 Maskell Ranch, 10 mi. s. Marysville, Yuba Co., Calif. Red Johnson, Dick Banks, R.B. Payne & I left Berkeley about 8:45 a.m. in V.C. car, to Sacramento, Rio O so & arrived at about 11 a.m. & immediately started hunting. We each had a shot gun & used 16 g. #9 shot. Shot until about 3:30 p.m. and collected 23 blackbirds. Saw one & carrying nesting material. Hunted between "1 pond and "3. I collected in the SW side of "2 - here the birds were flying 5. in small flocks intermittently but twice large flashes of 100+ flew from between #1 & #2 to the SW. They were feeding in flocks in the rice fields there. But birds were flying off in all directions from the marsh. Most of the birds in fresh plumage. I made one swing into the cattails from SW side between 2 & 3 - found no nests in 20' but the cattail were loose & water high so returned unt. Birds were alighting a little further into the stand. The others made various examinations of the meeting & have notes. I shot 10 birds Oct. 18 Dr. Middlekamp was at the marsh on 9 Oct. and reports the following nesting data: 5 nests with 1 egg 2 " " 3 " 2 " " 4 " I believe this was at #1 blind.

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Christman, E., Jr. 1960 Agelaius tricolor 3 mi. E., 50' elv., 22 Oct. Nacrell Ranch, 10 mi. S. Mayville, Yuba Co., Calif. On a duck hunt with ASL at 3 p.m. went into colony on N. side of marsh 75 ft. E. of N. end of #2 fence. Penetrated 40 ft in an ash. Five newly built nests were found. Six other nests were found & contained 4 nests with 3 eggs each and two with 4 eggs. All were opened & all contained eggs with an evident blastodisc, had no further development. Then I entered the area at #1 where I first found Tricolor nests on 2 Oct., & entered along old path thru cattails then made a perpendicular entrance into an area not previously examined. Three fresh nests (newly built) were found. One nest with one egg. One nest with two eggs. 4 nests three eggs and one nest with four eggs. All eggs was opened. Of all the clutches examined all eggs were at the blastodisc stage except two. Set of these eggs & a set of 4 eggs contained embryos. The embryos were about 5mm long, with eyes pigmented about 1/2. Unfortunately, these clutches were broken while drawing and of the cattails & were destroyed. Upon entered a colony since the birds fly swiftly over head in a tight mass, then about 20 yds away on the tops of the cattails. This morning another # was seen carrying nesting material. Again, masses of feeding birds fly to and from the marsh in all direct. No birds were collected this trip. Fresh nests are readily distinguished from the spring nests. The latter are collapsed, loose & covered with sandfeet.

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Christman, D.m. 1960 Balaenoptera acutorostrata Oct. 10 Municipal pier Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. Arrived with Ward Russell and Mike Bartelli about 3 p.m. The whale was dead on the manor rocky beach immediately under the cliff--noed 300 yds W of the pier. We were delayed in an operation of recovering the whale because couldn't find "the harbor master." The whale had been secured with a rope from the tail to the guard rail by the road. Because it was high tide we couldn't get to the animal--the waves were breaking over the body. Weate & after 5 we could walk down the beach to the whale. Ward measured total length at 17'9". The white spot on the pectoral flipper was most evident and a good character. The underside was white -- some silverish. The dorsal fin was noticeable but by no means alwais. The spalaen plates were a pale whitish - yellow -- the fleshy tongue was a grayish pink. The umbilical area - about midway on the ventra - was a slight depression - about 5" diameter. The lateral coloration was black - behind the flippers a dark gray area extended dorsally, breaking up the almost solid black upper sides.

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2. Balaenoptera acutorostrata Oct.10 Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 3:15 p.m. The head is pointing seaward

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Christmas, etc. 1960 Balaeuoptera acuto rostrata Oct. 10 Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 5:30 p.m. Left flipper

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Christmas Rd. 1960 Balaenoptera acutorostrata Oct. 10 Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 5:30 p.m. close up of eye and baleen plates

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Christman, J.M. 1960 5. Balaenoptera acutorostrata Oct. 10 Santa Cruz, Santa Cruz Co., Calif. 5:30 p.m. Ventral aspect of head showing grooves on the throat- postrostral area

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tuan, F. M. 1965 11 May Berkeley, Alameda C., Calif. For several weeks now I have noticed Starlings on Ridgewood, one block N. of Campus. They have been flying to or from the palms on Ridge in the block W. of Euclid & about other palms in vicinity of the old Ellis house. Once one flew up to an especially tall tree with an item in its bill which did not"appear" to be food, but also not nesting material - like a pencil stub in size & look. As it approached the cluster of dead leaves below the green fronds a loud noise was heard - like calling of young birds - ? On two occasions a bird was on the top post of a telephone line singing just part of the way P5R bldg. (This was also noted in early April in Tiburon, Marin Co.) I would suspect that Starlings might be nesting in palm trees north of Campus. Today at 5:15 pm I saw the first Starling on campus - it was walking on the then shaded lawn across the street from the N side of h.S.B. The bird foraged in a rough 20 ft. diam. circle between 2 new sedate Palins. Its gait was very broad, long steps much peering

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istria, A. M. 1965 sternus vulgaris 11 May U.C. campus, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. with head, large - bill like, & bill below 150t horizon. Frequent pecks at the ground. It was a hard cartoon near to the robins. I hate to think of these hubsters on the lawns. And sitting on already ugly SB, Bill Hamilton at Davis is going to send down some frozen starlings - I want Anne to practice "putting up" skins with this bird and get a bunch into the collection at MVZ. Someday a Selander-Fulston will want a comparative study - after all "J.G" got Passer domesticus in Death Valley! 14 May Ridge Road - Pacific S. Religion: as one time saw one bird singing on top of telephone poles, plus 2 on frons of palms - so this is a colony! 1 June Alta Loma, San Bernardino Co., Calif. Have driven about the Chino area, Ontario upland area a total of five days. Saw in Cucamonga 3 starlings on telephone lines across a road from a row of palms. In Upland saw about 10 feeding on the lawn of Eurlid Ave. in after noon. Although several small groups were seen they were a fraction of 1/4 of the Brewer Blockhills seen. Starlings are here - in yet small numbers

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G.M.Christman 1962 Catalogue #858-926 Nevada

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Christman, Jm. 1962 catalogue 15 june Lexington Creek, 3,300 ft., Emerald Range, White Pine C. [illegible] 858 ad♂ 50 Empidonax oberh. testes 4x8mm, no fat, wt. 13.5 gm. 859 ad♀ 50 " difficilis " 4x8, no fat, wt. 13.1 gm. 860 ad♀ 50. " difficilis ave 10;9 mm.; little fat, woodpatch wt. 13.2 gm 861 ad♂ 50. Pheucticus melanocephalus testes 10x7mm no fat wt. 44.3 gm. 862 ad♂ 50. Sitta canadensis testes 4x5mm no fat wt. 10.8 gm 863 ad♂ 50. Troglodytes aedon testes 8x5 mm., no fat, wt. 9.8 gm. 864 ad♂ 30. Piranga ludov. testes 12x8mm; no fat, wt 27.5 g 865 ad♂♂ 50. Vires gilvus testes 5x9mm.; no fat, wt. 10.5 gm. 866 ad♂ 50 Parus gambeli's testes 6x9 mm., no fat, wt. 11.0 gm. 867 ad♂ 50. Sitta Sphyrapicus testes 3x5; wood patch, wt. 48.7 gm 868 ad♂ 50. Empidonax oberh testes 4x9, no fat, wt. 12.5 gms moderate 869 ad♀ 50. " " broadpatch, ave 6 mm., fat, wt. 13.0 gm 16 june moderate fat 870 ad♂ 50. Vires gilvus broad patch, ave 8.6 mm. wt. 14.7 gms. 871 ad♀ 50. " " " " small ave, little fat, wt. 13.4 gms 872 ad♂ 50. Spinus pinus testes 4x5 wt. 12.3 gm 873 ad♀ 50. Empidonax oberhi avenu 3 mm. -; broadpatch, ext. 12.4 gm 874 ad♂ 50. Sphyrapicus v. - testes 6x10, wood patch, wt. 47.3 gm 17 june 875 ad♂ 50. Empidonax difficilis testes 3x5, moderate fat wt. 13.5 gm 876 ad♂ 50. Spizella passerina testes 5x8, wt/12.39 gms- 877 ad♀ 50. Regulus - testes 4x6mm slight fat, wt. 6.2 gm 878 ad♂ 50. Dendrocitta aurulani testes 6x8, little fat, wt. 13.6 gms 879 ad♂ 50. Empidonax oberh. testes 4x6 little fat, wt. 12.6 gm 880 ad♂ 50. " " testes 4x9, no fat, wt. 12.41 gms 881 ad♀ 50. Chrysopterus nva 2 mm; small, woodpatch wt. 33.4 gm veryfat 882 ad♂ 50. Tachycintha testes 6x9mm, moderate fat, wt. 141.9 gms

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Christman, Ida. 1962 Catalogue 18 June Lexington Creek, 8,300 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada 883 ad.♀ s.o. Vires gilvus ova 8 & 4 mm., blood patch wt. 14.5 gm both with little fat? 884 ad.♀ s.o. " " ova under 2 mm.; blood patch wt. 12.4 gm 19 June Lexington Creek, 6,700 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada 885 ad.♂ s.o. Vires solitarius no fat, testes 4×7mm, wt. 15.9 gm 886 ad.♂ s.o. Vires gilvus no fat, testes 4×6 mm, wt. 11.8 gm 887 ad.♂ s.o. Icteria virens little fat; testes 6×10 mm, wt. 25.0 gm ova under 2 mm 888 ad.♀ s.o. Aphelocoma c. no fat, blood patch wt. 7.3 gm 889 juv.♂ s.n.o. Pestrriparus minimus no fat; testes ½ mm, wt. 5.8 gm. 890 Polioptila caerulea spoiled 890 ad.♀ s.o. Pipilo maculatus blood patch, ova 2 mm; wt. 38.3 20 June 891 ad.♀ Dendrocapos nilborus ova under 1 mm, no fat, wt. 56.8 gm 892 ad.♂ s.o. Psaltriparas testes 2×4 mm, no fat, wt. 6.8 gm 893 ad.♂ " testes 2×4 mm, no fat, wt. 5.7 gm 22 June Strawberry Creek, 8,000 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada 894 ad.♂ s.o. Contopus testes 3×7mm, no fat, wt. 13.2 gm. 895 ad.♀ s.o. Lorotrichia , blood patch, ova 3, 5 & 6 mm, moderate fat, wt. 27.4gm 896 ad.♂ s.o. Empidorex difficilis testes 4×7mm, no fat, wt. 12.9 gm 897 ad.♂ s.o. Oporornis talmiei testes 5×8 mm, little fat, wt. 11.1 gms 898 ad.♂ s.o. Sialia currucoides testes 11×8 mm, no fat, wt. 27.2 gm 23 June 899 ad.♂ s.o. Salpinctes absoltus testes 3×8 mm, no fat, wt. 16.0 gm 900 ad.♂ s.o. Troglodytes aiden testes 4×7mm, no fat wt. 11.2 gm. 901 ad.♂ s.o. Carpodacus testes 7×9, no fat wt. 27.1 gm 902 ad.♂ s.o. Contopus testes 4×8, no fat wt. 13.4 gm no fat 903 ad.♀ s.o. Epizella blood patch, ova 10,6,4 mm wt. 11.3gm 904 ad.♂ s.o. Dendroica auduboni slight fat; testes 6×8 mm; wt. 22.7 gm.

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Christman, J. Jr. 1962 Catalogue 3. 24 June Strawberry Creek, 8,000 ft, Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada 905 ad.♂ s.o. Troglodytes aedon testes 4x6 mm. slight fat, wt. 10.0 gm 906 ad.♀ s.o. Parus gambelii" ava minute, little fat, broad pateh, wt. 11.4 907 ad.♂ s.o. Regulus c. testes 3x5 mm. moderate fat, wt. 6.9 gm 908 ad.♂ s.o. Sialia testes 2 mm., fat, wt. 36.9 gms 909 ad.♂ s.o. Sialia testes 4 mm., little fat, wt. 31.0 gm 910 ad♂ s.o. Contopus testes 3x7 mm., moderate fat, wt. 14.7gm 25 June Sacramento Pass, 7,154 ft. Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada 911 ad.♀? s.o. Aphelocoma minute grade slight fat, wt 82.5 gm 912 juv.♀ s.m.o. Empiages c. minute gonads, fat, wt. 53.3gm 913 juv.♂ s.n.o. Parus inornatus " " moderate fat wt. 15.2 gms 914 ad.♂ s.o. Doubrissa micrascens testes 3x4 mm. slight fat wt. 9.2 gm broad pateh 915 ad♀ s.o. Spizella passerova ova 2 mm., little fat, wt. 13.5 g 26 June Strawberry Cr., 8,000 ft, Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada * 916 ad.♂ s.o. Empidonax testes 4x6 mm., no fat, wt. 11.6 gm * 917 ad♂ s.o. Empidanax " testes 4x7 mm., little fat, wt. 13.4gm 918 juv.♂s.n.o. Sialia c. testes 2mm., slight fat, wt. 26.0 gm * 919 ad.♂ s.o. Troglodytes aedon testes 4x6mm slight fat, wt. 10.5gm broad pateh * 920 ad♂ Dendrocopus villosus testes 3x6 mm., no fat, wt. 658 gm 921 ad.♂ Spizella b. testes 6x9 mm., no fat, wt. 11.6 gm 922 ♀♂ Circus cyaneus testes 4x12mm., no fat, wt. 315 gms 27 June 923 ad.♂ s.o. Empidonax doeli testes 4x8 mm., moderate fat, wt. 12.2 gm 924 ad.♀ s.o. Contopus minute ova, moderate fat, wt. 12.5gm 28 June 925 ♂ Chordeiles minor testes 4x6mm no fat, wt. 71.8gm 926 ad.♂s.o. Opornis talmiei testes 6x10 mm slight fat, wt. 11.0 gm 68 birds

G.H.Christman 1962 Journal Nevada White Pine Co.

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Christman, G.M. 1962 Journal 13 June Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. to Ely, White Pine Co., Nevada. Ronald Church & I left Berkeley at 8 a.m. in the International truck; to Sacramento, auto highway 50 on to Nevada. We ran into cloudy weather beyond Austin, Nev. With frequent light drizzles to Elko The Nevada darts are green with new growth of shrubs, grasses & forbs. Many jack rabbits on highways as DOZ's - especially young of the year. A coal drive all the way. Eat a motel. 14 June 9: a.m. ran into Ward Russell & Red Johnson, exchanged equipment & red headed hooib to Berkeley. After attending to many errands we proceeded to Baker - where we saw Brewer Blackbirds & Starlings in cotton woods (Creeks!) Then out Lexington Canyon - in latter part of canyon proper we saw a red-tailed hawk, a doe & a newly born fawn and one white-throated Swift. Our camp is in the bottom of a canyon 50 ups. wide- squared away in camp. Over cast and cold 15 June The early a.m. - scattered clouds, almost warm - a desced down canyon along the road. This is a riparian situation made up of 75% Populus tremuloides; with white fir forming the remainder of the fairly dense cover with up to 5% Pseudotsuga menziesii The SE facing slopes are short shrubs - mainly Artemesia tridentula forming the major part of the community - with Juniper & a Pinus as short trees here & there. The N facing slopes are conifer forests. Aspen in leaf -

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Christman, R. M. 1962 Journal 15 June Leviston Creek, 8,300 ft., Smoke Range, Leviota Pine Co., Nevada Collected down canyon 3/4 mile. The house coren was with another & after I shot one the other fooled around a 2" hole 10' up in an aspen. Saw 3 tanagers shot one of all mine alone, & all in the pinyon. He graybird was singing in an aspen with chokeberry understory on gentle slope in canyon bottom - very upon situation. There are two species (d. thinb!) of Empidox in this canyon. A green-yellow job lives in the aspen-fir forests and make more noise. The gray ones are on the Artemisia slopes. Back in camp it started raining in the early afternoon & by early evening it was a light hake or snow (no flakes) - cold as hell - after the came of the mine came by we cleaned up & crep into the old school bus & warmed up slightly. 16 June we woke up with 2 or 3 inches of snow on the ground. Walked down canyon, but little activity. The sepsucker was collected in a large fir and was making a loud noise - the note was a loud "clack"

another climax N crest old Cabin x lull close closing huller x high hill <o mine site Camp Lexington Creek "coal hunting road" old mine decently x hill with "rocks" as cap & flannelled and heard here cliff crest of hts draining off S. fork of Lexington cr.

tuan, Sh. 1962 Journal 16 June Lexington Cr., 8,300 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nev. 'III/3 to N, down Lexington Cr., from camp site 8 a.m. + of. NIII/36 'II/2 Camp & W.C.R.

Christmas, Jm 1962 3. Journal 17 June Lexington Creek 8,300 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada Out early and followed the road which goes thru this camp area; it goes up hill to 5 & then 5k thru a fair forest which is fairly dense, but few really large trees. Went to new of slide to the east near another mine site - where I shot a clapping Sparrow from a short pine in a sage flat. Extensive, closed thickset of Mt. Monogany here. Went thru very dense blue forest with a few brittle cone pines to a sharp ridge to S. which over looks the new canyon to S. went down hill (to NE). Shot at a Breason Creeper but didn't kill it & it flew off - this is the only one see thus far. Want saw Ruby-cooured Kinglets was heard, but only one collected. I found that if I squeaks the Mt. Chirubales will come fairly close - sound when sounded like a nutcracker - ? These forests are not too filled with birds. Near more than once saw - saw one yellow-bellied Sapsucker. Aspens are pretty well limited to the stream flats - that is where Viscus gilinus & trepodytes acdon are found. Peaked up an Empidorax, Book at 11:30a.m. put up several & then at two went down the lies to the choke-cherry patch - no Zolnie warblers. Saw a Sharp-shinned Hawk. Collected one Violet-green Swallow - several were flying about a snag near the stream. A Broad-tailed Hummer about - diving. One Robin seen, was in Choke-cherry path & an Empidorax flew in - shot it. It is one of the gray ones - the patch is 75 ft. from stream but surrounded

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Christmas Eve 1962 Journal 17 June Lexington Cr., 8,300 ft. Snake Range, White Pine Co. Decora by Artemisia with notices alant. This lund is# On way back shot a ? carpodacus in a pine on Dry slope. Empidonax 379 was in a 4 ft chake thirty thuhk 15 yds from the riparian dry aspen, etc. on the dry slope. It seems that we have not dentied in the least the nico popualtion - there are dozens! The greenish Empidonax are confined to the shaded ripian thickets. Saw a roels even on dry slopes. Look for over to get larks - and a full moon threatened to ruin owl hunting but due to clouds it was dark enough. The 3 of us walked up the road I was on this a.m. to area of crest on S. slope. A ? flamulated answered Words imitation - a short bark squeel - flew when we put light on it. Two ? answered but didn't come in. Then the full moon came out - cast dark shadows 18 June walked up road to NE to crest where there is a cabin & an old mine. Walked up slope then cut across country to S until d-ist drainage of camp thron which intermires 2 large langoans & is 2+ mi. miles. Artemisia flats and hill sides are abundant & often mix with pure stands of mountain maulangay. The forests are dense & tall trees (firs as tallest on N facing slopes) with aspen frequently sprinkled in as groves. Little understorey vegetation is present. On the very steep S facing slope SW of camp Pines ponderosa attains huge size & the understorey is predominiant margainta and

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June 1962 Journal 18 June Lexington Cr., Suake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada 11/13 Granite Peak to west; Both pictures from same spot on road 1/2 mi. NE of camp 11/14 Pruess Lake Utah Canyon turns S. just beyond lower right corner of photo & is a right angle. down Lexington Cr. (1/2 mi. N) of camp; due E.

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ristman, J.M. 1962 Journal 18 June Lexington Cr., 8,800 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada NIII/18 to S. from road NNE of camp, note camp in middle ground note density of fir forest. NIII/29 Ponderosa Pine in foreground; aspen in saddle SW of Camp. to W. on S facing slope, 300 yds due W. of camp.

Christman, G.H. 1962 Journal 19 June Lerington Cr., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada Granite Peak 11,218' NIII/22 to N. from ridge 1 mi. NE of camp, near cabin. Next Canyon N. NIII/23 to NE from same site as above; next drainage N. which is the south fork of Big Wash

christman, D. M. 1962 Journal 18 June Lexington Cr., Esuka Range, White Pine Co., Nevada NIII/27 Ponderosa Pine on S. slope, 300-yds W. of Camp NIII/28 E. from same as above; Camp site is at bottom of roads, etc. at mine site. Note riparian Aspen to right.

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Christmas, F. Jr. 1962 5,6 Journal 19 June Lexington Creek, 8,300 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada isolated cerasarpus. The substrate is fractured shale and a reddish clay. Abies concolor is the mass [illegible] tree. Many dead ones are present and the dying ones shed leaves which are yellow-green - the dead ones are denuded or with dull tan-red. These dead trees are evident from a distance in a mass striking manner. Bird notes: Red-tailed Hawks: nest, nesting, young calls, at least one adult works over wide area Sharp-shinned Hawks: see at least one/day, works by cruising over riparian areas, rather high. Polkias: one near camp, sings in clearing, one in lower part of canyon Red-breasted Nuthatch: heard frequently in forest not abundant Yellow-bellied Sapsucker: in large firs in riparian sites saw 2 of 3 seen; vociferous Flies - heard several times, one seen on dead tree on edge of forest Junco (camice) abundant in open, sage hillsides & edge of forests - many calls - Chipping Sparrow abundant in open areas - very much like juncos in habits, etc. - House Wren - noisy & abundant in riparian areas Cassin Finches - common in most habitats

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Christman, D. 1962 Journal 18 June Lexington Creek, 9,300 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada Warbling Vireos: the most abundant bird & most frequently heard. They are almost 100% confined to aspen groves tho they are seen in pines near the groves. None nesting yet; breeding activity. Empidonax: second most abundant kind of aspen groves, forests & open sage hills where trees are also found. Many calls and songs. The gray open slope kind calls a snipe-like "cheek" - the green one in forests a sharp "peek"; accented. Chasing noted in aspen groves. Spine finches abundant - always singing from top of a tree; singles, pairs usually. Audubon Warbler - seen in fir forest and flycatching from tops of aspen in groves near camp. - less abundant than withatches. Brown creeper - only one seen; quieter Black-headed Grosbeak - common, but not abundant, & singing - usually in or near aspen groves. Western Tanagers - frequent - more often seen than withatches, but not as much as chickadees. Frequently feeding on ground.

Christman, F. M. 1962 Journal 18 June Lexington Cr., 8,700 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada NIII/36 highest point on ridge due N.=x is 9,234' from topa sheet. to N., down Lexington Cr. 25 yds N. of tent. Aspen & young fir: note artemisia covered hillside from E (on right) NIII/33 to W., Aspen & dandelions ; 25 yds. S of tent

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Destinon, D.M. 1962 Journal 18 June Lexington Creek, 9,300 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co. Nevada western tanager - seen in almost every situation. Fringing & calling - usually seen as swipes, but have seen 3 & 4's. Mt. Eliskalce - most frequently encountered pi forest bird. Mostly often in small gramps, mark foliage closely - infrquently in aspen groves. I am surprised at the lack of birds in many of the forested areas I've been in. Birds are not abundant in the fir forests - but are in aspen. Woodpeckers are noteworthy for their absence. Few male green swallows a mile below camp - none up here. Heard few par-cills last night. Do and hunting this evening. Few swallows seen this high (at camp).

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Christeson, G.W. 1962 Journal 19 June Lexington Creek, 6,700 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada We drove the truck down the canyon to the point where a large side canyon comes in from the SW. - the elevation is as indicated. They let me and a mile below this point. The habitat is cottonwood along the stream (extended 10 ft., 10 ft. wide - stream 3-6 ft. wide 6"-2 ft.). Also shrubs from thickets in places & are almost impenetrable. -one plant is a rose, also a current, also a plant that looks like Baccharis. The river valley is about 100 yds wide covered with Antennaria tridentata and a broom of some sort. 2 hunted up canyon & meet Ward & Ron at the gate-fence. The sand Jay & shat was quiet & along the bank of the stream in thick under-growth. Two others were seen & I heard only one low subdued call. One Black Throated Gray warbler was seen high in a cottonwood. Several ravins were about the area. One nest was found 4 ft up in a cottonwood, over the stream in a tangle of branches. Bird flushed. It had no mud. Dry & compact. No eggs & clean. Squeeking was successful only with robins and open-tailed towhees. Saw a chat - very vociferous, shot at it at a distance & it flew off. Shot one bush-til out of a flock of 6-10. They were on the dry pinjon slopes and adjacent to the open gallery "forest". Saw & heard one woodpecker which called like rattallis but looked like a Nairy.. going across an open flat where the stream is extended deeply and covered completely with low "brush" - rose 15°

Christensen, J. Jr. 1962 Journal 19 June Seeking ten Creeks, 6700 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada and reminded the "Barbarian" (?) & squawked for a jay & the chat answered - I followed it for 45 minutes before blasting it with 90 in dense brush at a "movement." Spotted towhees are the most common bird here - shot only one. Collected a lone Blue-gray Gnatcatcher, it spoiled by the late afternoon. The Talmie warbler was seen in a dense leafy tangle, but couldn't get a shot at it. The voice is very loud. They appear shy as hell. Chipping Sparrows are the common but not abundant. The vireo (salitair) was acting like a flycatcher, got the warbling vireo by mistake. No mammals seen, but several small lizards. Under a current brush I found a tail feather of a grouse & aver a wide area the contour feathers. Ward identifies the feathers, no mistake here. What was the bird doing this low - nesting? And who traveled it over - none of the feathers were chewed. A dense tangle 15 ft. from the stream which is invisible from the site. By 10:30 a.m. the day was very warm. Many fluffy cormuli and down in camp. Saw two mourning doves at about 9:15 p.m. we walked on up the road after owls - we got no responses close - the & didn't answer. Two answered at a distance - one S. & the other on hill above camp to E. I approached it - high in a ponderosa pine but it soon shot up & flew off - probably too many lights & too much noise.

Christensen, G. M. 1962 Journal 20 June Lexington Co., 6,700 ft., Quake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada Ron & I took the truck down the canyon several miles and called in chokecherry thickets & cottonwood groves all the way down to the place where the S. Fork joins this - the main canyon. Saw two more Yellow-breasted Chats, both were calling loudly & most of the time unseen in the extremely dense thickets. Warbling Vireos were the most abundant birds in the thickets with Slipping Sparrows, Rufous-sided Towhees and Sainis nest. I saw no Empidonax in this area. I collected one Hairy Woodpecker which periodically flew from the pinyon-jumper slopes to a large cottonwood. One flicker was also in the area. Shot at me Noble Jay & saw another. We were after specifically Calmnic Warblers - I heard & saw none. Collected two Bush-Tits and a small flock in a pinyon. The Sainis were always very agitated at squeeling. On 14 June we saw several Goldenmouthed Ground Squirrels in the immediate area of our camp. Ward said that this was the first they were seen. I have noticed only one or two others in the entire area. Antinias are seen & heard more often than the ground squirrels but both are in very low numbers. Today we saw a doe & 2 3-forked bucks - all the deer seem to be in red summer pelage - and bucks have velvet antlers

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Christman, B.W. 1962 Journal 21 June Lemington Creek to Strawberry Cr., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nev. We packed up the truck early & went to Harrison & Baker for supplies. In Baker we saw: House Sparrows and flying over tannu Basin Grouse, W. Ringlets, Sparrow Danks & a niger hawkla. Had lunch & head up into Strawberry Cr. area. This region is off the topo sheets. We inquired at the U.S.F.S. office & could find no adequate map to determine elevation or the roads into the highcountry. We tries several roads but decided to camp by a noisy fast stream in an open - fir thicket -- an ellddeer hunting camp with a table. The canyon is a E-W one. The lower hills & flats to the N are covered with Artemisia, cercocarpus thickets, pinyons & juniper. NE of camp & N of the stream is an extensive flat of sage with some wet spots. A canal takes off near camp & goes W across the flat. Ward says this is or was, the water supply to Osada. The slope hill to our S. (N facing) has extensive Sage areas & forests which are 60-75% open with white & douglas fir making up most of the remainder. We do not know the elevation here. But, the dandylions here have gone to seed where as at the other camp they were in flowers. There are more flowers & grasses there -- and no signs of grazing. We heard & saw one Sagebi hunting in a shrub thig on a hill side (S) in afternoon. Made camp

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Christman, J.H. 1962 Journal 22 June Strawberry Creek, 8,000 ft., Snake Range White Pine Co., Nev. Ward & Ron went off exploring access to the high country & d stayed about camp hunting. I walked up the stream course for 3/4 a mile. Saw some crossbills in the top of a fir; a red-tail hawk, in top of fir - rather tame, flew when d was 25 yds away. Heard warbling vireos & nut-hatches. Collected one Empidonax in open aspen N of stream 20 yds from the open sage hillside. Followed the hillside around to NE onto gentle slopes. Only a few chipping sparrows & green-tailed towhees. Shot a Sialia from the top of a huge Cercocarpus. Five iris-bis flew over, as did 2 night-hawks (8:30 am.), and violet-green swallows. Shot one of two Geotrichia from the lush shrubs in the old dry channel 200 N of camp area. Turned E & followed edge of riparian forest along stream - sage flat edge for 1/2 mi. E. Heard 1 Empidonax & one Troglodytes aedon. Rabbits are abundant & calling. Heard broad-tailed Hummer and Chickadees but saw neither. Warbling vireos singing & saw one collecting nesting material. They are nowhere near as abundant as at the other camp. I saw three yellow-breasted Sapsuckers - one was 4 ft. up in a young aspen in shade on N edge of riparian area; two were in Cercocarpus & juniper, on south facing slopes surrounded by sage - both were less than 10 ft. up in these short trees & were

I walked up to this area W -> N Windy Canyon top of hill is 9,555' x hill gross seen here raddle in hill sage creek ridge 8,240' tunnel old canal hill side elevation at camp is 8,160' [illegible] Blue Canyon deeper camp extensive sage flat several quary meadows sloping down to E x x X x deep lines Shawbury C. This road will graded & maintaned, goes to next drainage to S. Notes from Sacramento pass topo. sheet 1:62,500'

Christman, J. & Co. 1962 Journal 21 June Strawberry Creek, 8,000 ft. Snake Range White Pine Co., Nevada. Apparently foraging. One made several spotting passes away from trees. Ward & Ron returned to camp briefly, just as a sharp-shinned hawk flew low thru the trees near us. Didn't get a shot off. At 11: a.m. went back down stream & shot the only other Empidonax I saw earlier. It was 25 ft. up in a thick space of aspens on a dead branch under the leafy canopy. Its call was a loud, sharp "Cheer-eeep". Alt is #896. Heard a new note - sounding like a brush-tit but an inflected 3 note call [illegible] from a tangle of dead brush & young leafy aspen over a dirty sluggish spring. Finally saw a movement & shot the first Saline warbler! Yesterday was cloudy & threatened to rain after 2 - at 11:30 a.m. clouds forming over us. At 4:30 p.m. I walked out onto the sage area N. of camp & watched a Marsh Hawk circle low awes of short grass-rush meadow on the flat NE of camp - it circled low but gained altitude over the Artemisia & flew off thru the gap N. & got a good look at it thru the binoculars - it was in the gray phase. [1/2 mi. NE of camp on a granite knoll with large carocarpus is a stake with the following: T14N R68E 522 | 523 527 | 526]

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Christmas, D. M. 1962 14. 15 Journal 23 June Strawberry Creek, 8,000 ft. Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada Ward & Ron left early to hike to Stella Lake. I left camp early & headed up canyon on the road. Saw a J cross- bird in a large white fir, I shot & it lodged in the top. On up canyon I heard & saw warbling vireos, wood peewees ( called one), robins, and several house wrens, I shot one of the latter in an aspen grove a mile & 1/4 W. of camp, in a log tangle. Went up a slope & saw another white-crowned sparrow. The N. slope of Artemisia is steep - went over a pile of rocks & after much haring & shooting got a rock area. It was sitting from a huge black quinceous ant drop - at least one other, or a pair another - I flushed a spotted fawn - no sign of it. Continued to a rocky ridge covered by Cercocarpus trees. Heard & saw a nutcracker, shot & three flew off to NW with much calling. Continued rounding the hill & as I was crossing a steep slope of 150 yds of short sage saw four nutcrackers in the top of a fir - I approached to 35 yds & shot both barrows with 6's. Several fell - I searched for 40 minutes & never even saw feathers! They must be tough as all hell! As I was crawling over logs a huge grouse flew from a dense medium height fir 15 yds from me & disappeared N over aspen - its blacktail with gray hand (terminal) was spread wide - An initial whir of wings & then irises

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Christensen, J. W. 1962 Journal 23 June Tharoling Creek, 8,000 ft. Blue Range, White Pine Co. Nevada came & down the hill toward timber. The tree it was in was on the nearby ridge separating a forest from upon sage. After faling around same came down the wooded draw - shot a carpodacus out of an aspen - its hill with framel full of small caterpillas. continued NE to a ridge where & saw over look Sacramento Pass & other ranges to the N and NE. Found little-coned pine on a granite area - rather old individual it appeared from the granated trunks. Down toward camp & flushed a jail rabbit - the first I have seen in the mountains here. On a small aspen grove shot an Audubon warbler. Green-tailed touhees & chipping spansous abundant here on separated slopes - -lads to camp by 12. 24 June Walked up canyon beyond the largerods mastif on N side & then up a side canyon to WNW - shot a house caren on a log in an aspen grove. Followed stream up 1/2 mi. thru aspen grove, sage - little-cone pine & into a fii-aspen forest. Shot a clickdece & a ruby-crowned knight. Went up steep slope of sage to crest of hill (SE)- (NW of camp) the summit has many pines aristata - collected some. Down hill to where I shot miterachers - again I flushed the Blue Grance - it few from a patch of fallen logs & preculiant mungarita - this time. A few down hill & I got one shot at in this time. Went down hill - really not looking for its body when in

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Christian J.D. 1962 Journal 24 June Strawberry Creek, 8,000 ft. Snake Range White Pined Jay flushed from a fir - behind me 40+ yds from its original point. Again it flew down hill. They are difficult to shoot for they are flying in an open forest with my distractions - also young fir & sage - they sail after the first land burst of wings. They are in mid-air about 3 seconds before disappearing behind a tree - and they don't "follow thru" (shotgun fashion), but turn - what the hell, its damn exciting seeing these big bastards. Came on down the hill, saw some mourning doves & was again surprised to see Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers on the Cercocarpus trees on the hillsides N of camp in the extensive sage area. Back to camp. Stomied til 3 then went up canyon, in 200 yds saw: 2 capensis junco's, 4 Warbling Vireos, 1 y.-b sapsucker, 1 hermit thrush, 2 v-g swordtail, 1 Centopus (colleta) and 1 andorwn Warbler - 2 Chiddeless, heard 2 ruby- crowned Kinglets, plus a small flock of crosshills. The latter now quiet, their presence betrayed only by falling cones & scales - finally blew one off and on a limb & shot it. On the way back I noticed a crossbill on the ground under a fir with limbs down to litter. Shot it. This is #909 and had a broken wing. I believe this individual is the one which I shot the 22nd & it lodged light in a fir - the base of which is 25 yds from where I shot this one. At 4:pm, while shining with Ward & Ron in the tent I happened to look up & out of the tent and saw a vernal across

Christman & Co. 1962 Journal 24 June Strawberry Creek 3,000 ft. Sierra Range White Pine Grove. The stream 15 yds from the tent. It was bicolor and disappeared at the base of a willow. After dinner at 6:30 p.m. I called everyone's attention to two which were romping in the litter of aspen leaves and forbs (up to 1' high). We watched them move 30 ft. down stream playing before they disappeared in tall grass on the edge of the riparian grace [which is on the edge of a large sage area]. I threw the skimmed carcass of a Larica in the area where they were seen & work put the but end of a spooled line in the same area. Half an hour later another one came from a rock pile 10 ft. from the line to the dead & began eating it. For 5 minutes it ate then wandered around before finding the bone it ate on the line for several minutes. Then it went to the same willow near the stream & disappeared - two minutes later the same one or another came running over the same trails of the former route to the dead & bone. It appeared that this individual followed the former trail. At then ran down a stairs & we ran after it but it disappeared. All of these weasels which we observed - except the first one were immature about 1 ft. long - a deep honey color and no bicolor in evidence. The face is a light brown & blends well with the backs color. Thus no facial marking - tip of tail is black. We have concluded that there are immature weasels & are planning to trap them.

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Christmas, D.M. 1962 Journal 25 June Sacramento Pass, 7,154 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co. Nevada Up & out early to the pass N. of the camp we limited from 6-9 a.m. & ran area about 1 mi. SW. of pass at foot of a hill. I worked a series of low ridges & draws covered with a forest of pinyon with 10-15% junipers with Astriscia tridentata. Everywhere the pinyon has a heavy crop of green cones. The junipers have fairly heavy loads of "series." Chipping Sparrows abundant in open sage areas. On the edges of broad shallow draws I spotted 2 a & spotted towhee & scrub jay came. Got the jay. Worked a broad hill side with a dense "pygmy forest" for 1 1/2 hours. Collected 2 plain titmice out of a loose flock of 6 to 8 - Ron put one up. Two Nighthawks were working lower areas to the S. & frequently "booming". There were one pair of Spotted towhees in this area. At least 3 jays, one flock of Lush-tits. In more open areas Green-tailed towhees were common in the sage. Got a Bl-thr. Day Wanderer in a large pinyon in sage flat. Jacks rabbit were abundant - most appeared to be young. We saw 4 good sized Muleys when we entered area. Since did only seen does & fawns in Strawberry perhaps Muleys are together in the pinyon-jumper many deer tracks & droppings. Ron claims to have seen one gray flycatcher - neither, could nor d saw any. We view to abandoned ranch & green meadow NW of the pass. Saw a dozen Brewer's Blackblinds - got one in a hugh wing shot!

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christman, J.M. 1962 Journal 25 June Strawberry Cr., 8,000 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada also saw what appeared to be a Swift Thrush at a distance. No Gray Flycatchers. Ward & Ron went and hunting up the Oseda Ditch - no response. I have used the pygmy Owl call several times with no response. Saw only one weasel this afternoon? about 8: p.m. we caught one immature weasel in wards improvised anti-freeze can trap. 26 June headed N. from camp along the oseda ditch where it joins the hill in a cercocarpus forest saw a family of almost five juvenile mt. bluebird, collected anc. worked on N. up hill & ridge. Near there is a forest of Cercocarpus, and a minor amount of pinyon all on granite ant traps. The remainder of country is decomposed granite gravel and sage. Chased an Empidomax that said "split-pea" - could not approach into half load range. Saw one rock wren at 500 ft. Worked down slope of hill to NE, across a deer-hunter's jeep road into a thicket cercocarpus forest, into another drainage, with NW exposure. Mean-tailed Tachores, Audubon warblers & chipping sparrows. Shot a "Split-pea" Empidomax (# 916 ) from top of Cercocarpus Worked down to a lush riparian area ½ mile long in this new drainage area. White fir, aspen and a shrub farm tree along stream, with red bark - perhaps an alder? — This riparian area was about 25-75 ft. in

(house) (road) N ridge maple cherry patches granite and scrubs hill about a mile camp road strawberry creek

Christman, John 1962 Journal 26 June Strawberry Creek, 8,000 ft. Snake Range, White pine Co., Nevada. width and steep; running water & juncess meadams. Warbling Vireos, robins, house wrens (collected one), shot one "split-pea" Empidonax and lost another. Found a nest of a yellow-bellied Sapsucker in an aspen along the stream, 20 ft. up, young calling, parent bird went in hole; Aspen & fir about - not a dead tree. Shot a ? Hairy woodpecker in an aspen - was calling loudly. But the dense dark fir area a ruby-crowned kinglet discovered me & scolded loudly & followed me for 20 or so yards. V-green swallows. Several huge old firs are dead here - the ground covered with yellow needles, much downed timber. House sign. Walked back up the steep hill to bridge - many blue- hills & clipping spanaus in Cevocarpus forest. One western tanager singing like a robin. A rapiter hawk looked like a Cooper as to size. Earlier in a.m. I shot a merl bird that was circling over this forest. Shot lesser sparrow in sage flats on way back to camp. Saw 1 golden-mantled ground squirrel & 2 Eutamias today - their numbers is probably very low. Deer sign everywhere today - saw one bucks on slope in other drainage. Aspen & other trees are highlines in this area. Butterflies & flowers are out everywhere & an aspen moth is extremely abundant. The weather has been clear & hot here - sees quite weariness

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21 Clifton, N.M. 1962 Journal 26 June Strawberry Cr., 8,000 ft. Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada Empidonax #917 had a yellow jacket wasp in its clothes and was shot from an aspen at the narrow end of the stream just a few feet from the sage cantered bill seat. The Spizella breweri shot today was singing out in company with another individual. All the troglodytes I could call to mind that I can remember were singing. About 8 p.m. we drove down the road, 3/4 mi., down we saw one night-herb - on down the canyon we saw 2 poor-wills & collected one. Sparrows out in valley. On way back about 10 p.m. we saw one small mammal - perognathus size cross the road - the first small mammal thus far seen. Warm evening. 27 June Went down the creek to meadow, etc. at crossing. All day after 5:30 p.m. we have had a strong down canyon wind - big aspen sway. This just about ruined hunting. Saw one W. tanager - singing in an aspen grove & in a large fir. Canyapes are fairly abundant along stream. Shot the one Empidonax & saw from willow clump in boggy area, with aspen over head. His six birds flying about large aspen in meadow. Audubon warblers are singing in aspen under large firs. Y-b. sapsuckers abundant. I have seen no pinus ponderosa in this canyon and there are no cottonwood clumps anywhere down canyon. Willows are spotty & aspen go far down to lower elevations. The spruce seem to be as abundant as the firs here.

Christian, N.M. 1962 Journal 27 June Strawberry Creek, 8,000 ft., Snake Range, White Pine Co. Here spent day collecting bugs & plants; shrikes hawks are photographing - collecting is new boring here. 28 June went up to Cercocarpus forest 1 mi. N. camp - chased an Empidonax all over - it couldn't be approached. Its call was

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Christman, J. W. 1962 23 Journal 28 June Strawberry Cr., 8,000 ft. Snake Range, White Pine Co., Nevada Near the ridge N. of camp I noticed up twin fawns - these are the first twins ever seen in Nevada. Bluebirds are most frequently seen on the higher branches of Cercocarpus trees in thickets of that species which are universally found exposed & facing slopes on this soil or granitic outcrops. Brewer Sparrows are found almost exclusively in short sage areas and in frequently sing from an exposed situation on the shrubs. Green-tailed Towhees are conspicuous as to singing & being on perches above the level of the sage. Last night we road down the canyon just before dark for poor-wills. We saw 7 going down. None were collected for a variety of reasons. They were not sticking close on the road & were prone to fly. Ron had words pistol & scaldier shoot from the window but stopped out onto the road. We were also entirely too close to the birds for we were going 15 m.p.h. & by the time Ward saw them & stopped they were less than 20 ft - after 10 ft. in front of the truck. So, only one coming back. Saw one night-bunch - this species at this camp is seen later in the a.m. - up to 10 a.m. and is not seen before ducks in the evening.

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christman, J.H 1962 24 Journal 29 june Strawberry Cr. swalse Range, White Pine Co., Nev. to Berkeley, Calif. We left camp at 5:40 a.m. & travelled on highway 50 to Fallon, then 40 to Berkeley & arrived at 5:30 p.m. Along highway from Sacramento Pass to & across Spring Valley we saw groups of ravens, up to a dozen feeding on D.D.R. jackrabbits. Saw Brewer Blackbirds and Yellow-headed Blackbirds in wet meadow adjacent to highway at crossing of " River" west of Austin, Lander Co., Nev.

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G.M.Christman 1963 Catalogue #934 - 1109 Nevada

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Christmas 8th 1963 Catalogue 2 June 26 mi. w. on Highway 95 from Mercury Junction, Nye Co., Nev. *934 D.O.R. Snake 3 June Hidden Forest, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 935 ♂ ad. Dendroica aestiva moderate fat, testes 4x4mm., wt. 9.8gm. 4 June 936 ♂ ad. Hyloichla q. testes 11x7mm no fat, brood patch est. 29.8 gm 937 ♀ ad Contopus p. aea 1 mm., little fat est. 11.7gm 938 ♀ ad Empidonax albei. aea -1 mm., little fat wt. --- 939 ♂ ad Dendroica nigrescens testes 7x4mm little fat est. 8,3 gm. 940 ♀ ad Sialia mexicana brood patch aea 2 mm., fat est. 24.8gm 941 ♂ ad Myadestes townsendi testes 12x6mm little fat wt. 33.7gm + 942 ♂ ad Empidonax chalcus, testes 4x2mm little fat wt. 12.1gm 943 ♀ Dendrocopos leucostictus, aea 1-2 mm. 944 ♀ ad Sitta pygmaea elongatus brood patch, aea 1mm., little fat est. 12.9 gm 7,500 5 June (Hidden Forest Canyon 6,000 ft) little fat 945 ♀ ad Dendroica graciae aea -1 mm. est. 7.6gm 946 ♂ ad " aubionis" testes 8x5mm moderate fat est. 12.4gm 947 ♂ ad Catharus m. testes 4x2 mm., moderate fat est. 10.1gm 948 ♀ ad Dendroica graciae aea -1 mm. moderate fat est. 7.9 gm. 949 ♀ ad Sitta pygmaea elongatus brood patch, aea -1 mm. --- slight fat 950 ♀ ad Empidonax aea 1mm. elongatus brood patch est. 12.1gm 951 ♂ ad Hyloichla slight fat, testes 10x5 mm est. 29.8gm 952 ♀ Phalaenoptilus nuttelli moderate fat, aea 2mm. est. 38.9gm 6 June 953 ♀ Colaptes calus aea 4mm., brood patch, little fat est. 133.4gm 954 ♀ at Vireo gilvus no fat; aea 3 mm. est. 11.3gm *no correction for speedometer deviation 13% previously + see notes

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Christmas, S. k. 1963 2 Catalogue 6 june Hidden Forest, 7,000 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 955 ♂ ad Carpodacus cassinii testes 10x8 mm., no fat wt. 27.5 gm 956 ♂ ad Sitta pygmaea testes 5x3 mm., no fat wt. 10.0 gm 957 ♂ ad Carpodacus cassinii testes 8x5 mm., little fat, wt. 27.1 gm 7 june Hidden Forest Canyon, 7,000 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 958 ♀ ad Myadestes townsendi broad patch, ova 3 mm., wt. 39.5 gm 959 ♀ ad Junco caniceps ?broad patch, ova 1 mm. wt. 18.1 gm 960 ♂ Phalaenoptilus nuttalli moderate fat testes 7x5 mm., wt. 48.0 gm 961 ♂♀ " " fat; ova 3 mm. wt. 53.2 gm 962 ♀ ad Wilsonia purria no fat; ova -1 mm. wt. 7.0 gm 963 ♀ ad " " slight fat; ova -1 mm. wt. 7.8 gm 964 ♂ ad Psaltriparus minimus no fat, testes 4x2 mm. wt. 3.4 gm 965 ♂ Phalaenoptilus nuttalli fat testes 5x7 mm. wt. 50.4 8 june Hidden Forest Canyon, 8,000 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 966 ♀ ad Parus gambeli no fat; ova -1 mm. wt. 10.7 gm 967 ♀ ad Hylocichla g. slight fat, broad patch, ova 3 mm. wt. 28.0 968 ♀ ad Empidonax moderate fat, ova 1 mm. wt. 11.6 gm 969 ♀ ad Sitta pygmaea. slight fat, broad patch, ova 1mm., wt. 10.6 gm (970 ♂ ad Certhia f. slight fat, testes 6x4 mm. wt. 23 gm Hidden Forest Canyon, 7,500 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 971 ad ♀ Sialia mex. broad patch, ova 1 mm., slight fat wt. 23.5 gm 9 june 972 ♂ ad Junco caniceps slight fat, testes 9x6 mm. wt. 20.1 973 ♂ ad Regulus no fat, testes 6x4 mm. wt. 5.9 974 ♂ ad Vireo gilvus no fat, testes 7x5 mm. wt. 10.0

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1963 Catalogue 9 June Hidden Forest Canyon, 7,000 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 975 ♀ ad. Vireo solitarius no fat, testes 6x4mm. wt.15.9 976 ♂ ad. Junco caniceps no fat, testes 8 x 6 mm. wt.18.3 977 ♂ Dendroica wood patch no fat testes 3x2 mm wt.63.3 978 ♀ ad. Polioptila no fat, testes 5x3 mm wt. 5.6 testes 3 mm 979 ♂ Entornis dorsalis 205-88-31-19 wt.54.6 10 June Hidden Forest Canyon, 7,600 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 980 ♂ ad. Myioicbto g. no fat, testes 10 x 5 mm 27.7 981 ♂ ad. Empidonax no fat, testes 7x3mm 12.1 982 ♀ ad. Contopus fat, testes 4x 2 mm 14.2 983 ♀ ad. Dendroica auduboni, broodpatch 1mm fat 13.0 984 ♂ ad. Vermivora virginiae moderate fat,testes 7x5 mm 9.0 985 ♂ ad. Sitta pygmaea no fat, testes 3 x 2 mm. 9.9 986 ♂ ad. " " no fat, testes 5x3mm. 10.8 11 June Hidden Forest Canyon, 8,200 ft. Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 987 ♂ ad Empidonax obsoletus, slight fat,testes 8x4mm 2.3 988 ♀ ad. " ava 1mm, slight fat 13.5 989 ♂ ad " no fat, testes 4K2 mm 1/.6 Hidden Forest Canyon, 9,000 ft. Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 990 ♀ ad. Parus gambelii slight fat,ava 1/2 mm 10.0 Hidden Forest Canyon, 8,600ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 991 ♂ ad. Sialis max. slight fat testes 11 x 7mm- 24.8 classical pistol. 992 ♂ ad Dendroica auduboni moderate fat,testes 8x5mm 12.8 993 ♂ad Certhia no fat, testes 6x4mm. 8.4 nipples dark enlarged = floating 994 ♀ ad. Entornis q. NON-Parus 221-94-32-17 wt. 77.7

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ristina, J.h. 1963 4 Catalogue 11 June Widden Forest Cabin, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev 995 ♀ juv Columba fasciata no fat, avg minute 209.5 12 June slight fat 996 ♀ ad. Dendroica auduboni, brood patch, avg minute 11.5 997 ♂ ad. Junco m. testes 10 x 12 mm., moderate fat 74.2 998 ♂ ad contopus sordidulus, testes 5 x 2 mm. fat 15.0 999 ♀ ad Nuttallornis testes 8 x 3mm., very thin 27.7 13 June Widden Forest Canyon, 7,000 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 1000 ♂ ad warm eating? wubbles moderate fat, testes 5 x 4 mm. 12.2 1001 ♀ ad Panula? " little fat, avg 1mm 8.0 1002 ♀ ad yellow throat no fat, avg 1 mm 8.5 1003 ♂ ad Sita canadensis slight fat, testes 7 x 5 mm. 11.1 1004 ♀ ad Nuttallornis very fat, avg 1mm 30.7 1005 ♀ ad Piranga moderate fat, avg 1mm. 22.6 1006 ♀ ad Tachycineta thalassina brood patch, avg mm 14.0 slight fat 1007 ♂ ad " " testes 10 x 8 mm. slight fat 15.3 14 June Widden Forest Canyon, 6,700 ft., Sheep Range 1008 ♂ ad Empidonax traillii slight fat, testes 4 x 2 mm. 12.9 Widden Forest Canyon, 6,900 ft., Sheep Range 1009 ♂(?) juv sb. Pirus inornatus slight fat - 1010 ♀ ad " " no fat, old brood patch, avg ½mm 14.3 1011 ♂ juv. sb " " no fat 14.3 1012 ♀ ad Vireo gilvus moderate fat avg 1 cm. 11.7 1013 ♀ ad Oporornis tolmiei moderate fat, avg -1mm 10.8

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christmas 1963 5. Catalogue 16 June 3 mi. N. Charleston Peak, 8,900 ft., Spring Intns., Clark Co., Nev. cleared prot. 1014 ♂ ad. Hylorichla g. moderate fat, testes 11x6 mm. 29.9 1015 ♂ ad. Carpodacus leucinus fat, testes 9x6 mm 20.0 cleared protol. 17 June 1016 ♀ ad Parus incarnatus brood patch, no fat, ova -1mm. 12.2 1017 ♂ad. Empidonax testes 8x3mm., moderate fat 12.3 1018 ♂ ad Sialia mexicana testes 12x7mm., moderate fat, brood patch, 26.5 1019 ♂ Calaptis cafer brood patch, testes 12x6 mm., fat, 132.6 1020 ♀ " " " " , ova 3mm., fat 132.8 1021 ♀ Sphrapicus varius brood patch, ova 2mm., heavy fat 46.2 1022 ♂ " " " " testes 5x3 ym" " 47.1 carolineusis brood patch 1023 ♂ ad. Sitta carolinensis no fat, testes 4x2 mm. 17.5 18 June Lee Canyon, 7,600 ft., Spring Intns., Clark Co., Nev. 1024 ♀ ad Pipilo anthrop- brood patch, ova 3mm., moderate fat 36.4 10 25 ♂ ad. " " slight fat, testes 12x8mm 39.4 1026 ♀ jun. Aphelocoma c. no fat, ova minute 69.2 1027 ♀ jun. " little fat, ova minute 68.3 " -1028 small bird in crop- 1029 ♂ Accipiter cooperi testes 8x3 mm 305.4 1030 ♀ (nb.12/4) Empidonax difficulus, fat, ova minute 11.4 1031 ♂ ad. Vireo solitarius testes 7x4mm. 16.1 1032 ♂ ad Junco coiceps testes 9x6mm 19.3 1033 ♂ ad Empidonax albes. testes 8x3 mm; slight fat 11.9 1034 ♂ ad " " testes 8x3 mm; slight fat 12.2 1035 ♂ad. Sitta pygmaea testes 2 x1 mm 10.1 1036 ♂ ad Vireo gilvus testes 7x5mm., slight fat 10.8

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christman, glk 1963 6 Catalogue 1 19 June 3 mi. N Charleston peak, 9,500 ft., spring rutus, Clark Co., Nev 1037 ad. Hylascilla g. broad patch, testes 12x7mm, fat 28.6 1038 female ad. Empidonax broad patch, slight fat, awa 6mm 12.4 3 mi. N Charleston peak, 9,100 ft 1039 female ad. Empidonax slight fat, broad patch, awa 8mm 13.4 3 mi. N Charleston Peak, 8,900 ft. 1040 male ad Empidonax testes 6x4mm 11.3 1041 male ad Certhia f. testes 6x4 mm.mm. 8.4 1042 male ad Dendroica auduboni slight fat, testes 6x5mm 10.9 1043 male ad. Spizella passerina testes 8x5mm 11.7 1044 male ad. Sitta pygmaea broad patch, slight fat, testes 3x2mm 10.2 1045 female ad. Hylascilla g. slight fat, broad patch, awa 1mm 30.4 20 June 3 3/4 mi. N. Charleston peak, 9,550 ft. 1046 female ad Empidonax slight fat, awa 8 mm, broad patch 14.4 3 1/2 mi. N. Charleston peak, 9,200 ft. 1047 male Sphyrapicus thyoidens wood patch, no fat, testes 5x4mm 45.4 3 1/2 mi. N. Charleston Peak, 9,000 ft., spring rutus, Clark Co., Nev 1048 male Sphyrapicus varius testes 5x3 mm, very fat, broad patch 46.6 1049 female " " wood patch, very fat, awa 1mm. 46.3 1050 female " " broad patch, slight fat, awa 1mm. 41.0 1051 female ad Hylascilla g. broad patch, slight fat, awa 1mm 29.0 1052 female ad Sitta broad patch, slight fat, awa 1/2 mm 10.8 21 June Macks Canyon, 8,100ft., spring rutus, Clark Co., Nev. 1053 male ad Vespdelotes testes 11x7mm, slight fat, broad patch 33.6 1054 male ad Dendroica auduboni testes 9x6mm, slight fat broad p. 12.5

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Christman, G. H. 1963 Catalogue 7 21 June (car) Macko Canyon, 8,100 ft., Spring Mtus., Clark Co., Nev. 1055 ♂ Selenophorus platycercus brood patch, testes 2x2mm. 3.3 1056 ♂ ad. Vermivora virginiae cloacal protub., testes 8x6 mm. 8.7 1057 ♀ ad. Junco capensis brood patch ava 1/2 mn., slight fat 22.4 1058 ♂ ad. Requena testes 6x5mm. 6.9 1059 ♂ Colaptes caye. brood patches, testes 8x4mm. 127.6 1060 ♀ ad. Sialia mex. brood patch, fat, ava 1m.m. 29.9 22 June 1061 ♀ ad. Tachycineta fat, brood patch, laying 4 oval. follicles 25.0 1062 ♀ ad Sialia mex brood patch , ava 1 m.m. 32.4 1063 ♂ ad Junco testes 7x5 mm.; cloacal protub. 18.0 1064 ♂ ad. Sitta pygmaea testes 3x2mm, 11.4 1065 ♀ ad. " " ava minute, refathering brood p. 11.1 1066 ♀ ad. Empidonax ava 1mm.; brood patch, slight fat 13.4 1067 ♂ ad. Spizella passerina, slight fat, testes8x5mm. 13.5 23 June skel. 1068 ♂ ad. Spizella passerina , slight fat, testes 7x4mm. 13.2 1069 ♂ ad. Sialia mex. testes 10 x 4 m.m. cloacal protub. 22.0 1070 ♂ ad. Junco capensis testes 7x5 mm. Cloacal protub. 21.4 1071 ♂ ad. " " testes 7x6mm. Cloacal protub. 19.9 1072 ♀ ad Empidonax cheek. Slight fat, brood patch 13.5 1073 ♂ ad Saisia curvis Brood patch, heavy fat, testes 4x2mm 38.3 24 June 1/2 mi. E. Macko Canyon, 7,760 ft., Spring Mtus., Clark Co., Nev. 1074 ♀ ad. Vireo solitarius ava 1m.m. 17.9 1075 ♂ ad Hylocicla g. testes 12x8mm cloacal protub. 28.8 1076 ♂ ad Psaltriparus minimus testes 4x3 mm. 6.4

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ristman, J.M. 1963 8. Catalogue 24 June 1/2 mi. E. Macks Canyon, 7,760 ft., Spring Mtus., Clark Co., Utes: 1077 ♀ small wind. Empidanat 3 oval follicles; ava 12 mm.; brood patch 11.7 1078 ♂ 1st instar " testes 6x3 mm. 11.9 1079 ♂ ad. " testes 6x3 mm. 11.6 1080 ♂ ad. " wrightii testes 4x5 mm 12.7 1081 ♀ ad. Nyloricella g. broad patch, slight fat, ava 1mm 28.6 Macks Canyon, 8,100 ft., Spring Mtus., Clark Co., Utes. 1082 ♀ ad junco capensis ava 1 mm., brood patch, slight fat slight fecr 17.8 1083 ♂ ad. Tachycineta t. cloacal protub., testes 10x6mm 16.0 1084 ♀ ad. Cethia f. Broadpatch, slight fat, ava 3 mm. 9.5 1085 ♂ ad. " " testes 2x1 mm 7.6 25 June Macks Canyon, 8,300 ft., Spring Mtus., Clark Co., Utes. 1086 ♀ Sphyrapicus varius Broadpatch ava 1mm 42.8 1087 ♂ ad Vireo gilvus testes 6x6 mm. 12.0 Macks Canyon, 8,500 ft., Spring Mtus. broad patch 1088 ♀ ad. junco capensis slight fat, ava 2mm. 18.9 1089 ♀ Sphyrapicus thyroideus broodpatch, ava 1mm. 44.8 Macks Canyon, 8,800 ft., Spring Mtus. reflecting broodpatch 1090 ♀ Sphyrapicus thyroideus ava 1 mm.; moderate fat 46.9 1091 ♀ " " broodpatch, ava 1mm. 46.4 Macks Canyon, 8,100 ft., Spring Mtus. slight fat 1092 ♂ ad. Contopus sordidulus testes 7x3 mm 13.3 1093 ♂ juv. st. Myiagra calumbione testes 2x1mm 138.5 Note: the scales have never operated well on this trip. cele subtracted 10gms. for a corrected reading.

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Christman, D. H. 1963 Catalogue 26 June 1/2 mi. E. Ella Mt., 7,200 ft., Closea Nutus, Lincoln Co., Nevada 1094 ♀ ad. Vires solitarious Broad patch, moderate fat, area 1 mm. 17.3 1095 ♂? ad. Polioptila Broodpatch, slight fat, testes 2x2mm. 4.7 Brood patch 1096 ♀ ad. Dendroica gracieae slight fat, area 1mm. 7.5 1097 ♂ ad. " " slight fat, testes 4x3 mm. 7.7 1098 ♂ ad Contopus sordidulus testes 8x3mm. slight fat 12.8 1099 ♂ juv. Sitta pygmaea slight fat, testes minute 9.5 1100 ♂ ad. " " slight fat, testes 1mm — 27 June 1101 ♂ ad. Vires solitarious moderate fat, testes 6x4 mm 16.5 1102 ♂ ad. Sialia mex. testes 10x6mm. Brood patch 25.0 slight fat 1103 ♂ ad. Piranga testes 10x7mm. Cloacal protuber. 27.2 1104 ♂ Carpodacus cassinii testes 1mm., fat. 30.0 Brood patch 1105 ♀ Accipiter cooperi fat, 4 auric. fallides 459.2 1106 ♂ ad Dendroica graciae testes 7x4 mm 7.9 1107 ♂ ad Empidonax alibhol. testes 7x4mm 11.5 1108 ♂ juv. sh Sitta pygmaea testes minute 9.4 1109 ♂ ad. Sitta Carolinensis testes 2x1 mm. 18.7

G. M. Christman 1963 Journal Nevada Clark Co.

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1. Journal 2 June Berkeley, California to Las Vegas, Clark Co., Nevada at 5:30 a.m. Richard Fletcher, Neal K. Johnson and I left Berkeley & proceeded to Reno by Hwy #40 - arrived at 11:15 a.m. Continued down #95, at the junction (1/2 mi.N.) of Nev./Idaho *10 and U.S.95 we picked up night hawk D.O.R., also at this site I saw a mockingbird flying and perching on Tarsa cactus near the highway. We picked up a D.O.R. snake (black & white), near some rocks near the highway in a low area and short mild scrub habitat. The locality is mi. w. on highway from the turn off #95 to Mercury, Nye Co., Nev. The encountered thundershowers periodically from Tuning to Indian Springs with very heavy downpours and puddles in & at the sides of the road. We arrived in Las Vegas at 8:30 p.m. & got a motel. 3 June at 9 a.m. we visited the hq. of Peters Game Range refuge & spoke to Newell Morgan & Charles G. Hansen - in their office in Las Vegas. Hansen will accompany us to our projected camp at Hidden Forest. We drove with Hansen to Corn Springs where we met Mrs. Hansen & looked at their penrod Oris c. nelsoni. Went on dirt road with Hansen to Hidden Forest Canyon & to cabin which is livable. while eating outside near cabin saw a yellow Warbler in a rabbitbrush near us - near shot it with pistol. Went for walk at dusk - a poor will answered my call & lit 3 ft in front of me Several were calling up & down canyon

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Christman J.H. 1963 2 Journal 4 June Hidden Forest, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co. Nev. at 7 am. with canyon in deep shadows I went up the canyon which enters 100 yds. below the cabin - from the east. Circled up hill - little bird activity - shot one white-hearted nut hatch. Hit an area with an active Empidonax singing & flying about (see E. alberti). At this site also collected a hairy woodpecker which was chapping up a 1' white fir. progressed up hill (N. facing & relatively dense pine - firs) to a ridge of another Canyon of the same drainage - The vegetation on this exposed S. facing slope was open needle carpeted slope, plus huge P. ponderosa & white firs. - some dead threespots shrubs - ( Cercocarpus ?). The bird activity was great - Empidonax, cantopus, chickadees, Saddleback & Bl- the Gray Doubles. Down steep gradient canyon to camp - many Paristota. Fowls much less than up canyon. Shot a pygmy nut hatch and a w. bluebird in pines in front of cabin. At this elevation Pinus ponderosa is the dominate tree, with white firs second in abundance - no oaks, and little undergrowth - only sparse Piles in forest areas. stunted aspen (up to 10' high) in some N. facing slopes of talus, etc. down main canyon. Few grasses in same areas - few flowers. South facing slopes, and well drained areas with Prigow, jumper, & ? Cercocarpus shrubs. P. aristota subdominate in mesic forest spots at this elevation.

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Christensen, G.H. 1963 Journal 5 June Wedder Forest, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Carib Lo., New. 6:30 a.m. Cloudy and a few sprinkles of snow. This an at about 5 a.m. wake at the sound of a whip-poor-will - cloud and clear & repetitions. Then silence & again from a distance. This is same call as heard in Chihuahua in '61. Chilly a.m. walked slowly down canyon - many fine ponderosa pine, few fir, two junipers, more chipping sparrows. Fair number of Audubon warblers, replaced out summer the black-throated Gray here. Called one & auduboni. Then shot a canyon wren from off of rocks on N. side of canyon. Many warblers & warbling vicras in pines, often perched the. Shot 2 gray warblers - both foraging in the pine needles, high. Goodly numbers of pygmy nuthatches. Heard 2 fishers, and what sounded like watercaker. Shot & missed rufous-sided towhee; in sheep-thames - pinon, juniper area - heard great catlike, saw several green-tailed towhees. Saw what looked to be a band-tailed pigeon flying up canyon high. Heard woodpeckers drilling - tho not loudly - couldnt locate. At the site of a camping area 1/2 mi. down canyon heard what may have been a pygmy owl - its whistle was very high & answered my imitation note, but wouldnt come in to either call or squeaks. Clouds scattered & grew by noon. Bird activity slows downy after 10 a.m.

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5 June Hidden Forest, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. Before 9 a.m. about a dozen violet-green swallows were flying low over road in open area several 100 yds. down canyon. Two humming daws were flying about together & once lit on rocks on N. side of Canyon. At 8 p.m. slowly walked down canyon, shot a Hermit Thrush from a small pine. until total darkness -- about 9:45 I got no answers to Flamedulated Owl calls. Cool - in 40's F, with little wind & overcast sky. At this time I hear one poor-will call & saw one on road. Then saw a smallish bird fly into branch (14") of pine near edge of canopy, about 25 ft. up. It immediately flew back up canyon wall & answered to my owl call. Then heard sharp "quirt" from sandy bottom of stream course, put light on, red eye shine & got a poor- will. Then heard "Whip-poor-will" - proceeded 50 yds. down canyon when the call became loud and repeated continuously - followed - although it sounded 'at hand' it was at least 100 yards away. I got a red eye shine from the top of a pine snag & shot - did not hear anything hit. Searched for 1 hour with no luck. The "Whip-poor-will" call was the same as we heard the other a.m. On way down saw a porcupine - when the light was flashed on it it stood on its hind legs facing me. Owl calls all of the way back - one answer from a distance. Clearing the almost full moon didn't read canyon bottom

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istman, G.M. 1963 Journal 5 June Hidden Forest 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Chubbs, N.Y. until after 10 p.m. temp. in evening 46°F. 6 June Clear, 31° F. at 6 a.m. walked down canyon again. Were Warbling Vireos this am. then yesterday. Carefully examined area where d that as the whip-poor-will only found part of a tail feather with the white web. Many graticathes, chipadees few & frightly. Heard a flisher so, as hed suggested, gave a horned owl call. it flew 100 yds up canyon toward me. Another call & squeak brought it in to top of snag & got it. heard at camp where d saw a Sparrow Hawk (2?) perched on top of snag and heard a black-headed Grosbeak singing. At 4 p.m. d went to spring - 200 ups to N, up a small side canyon & watched for hinds to come in. 4 Audubon warblers, 3 Townsend Solts. (one feed another in snag), 20♂1♀ Carpodacus Cassinii (also 207). Walked up hill & back - no Creepers, many bl-thr. gray warblers & pygmy nuthatches in pine forests. At 7:38 p.m. d walked down canyon- cloudy, 34°F, still light. Saw a gray fox cross the road 100 yds. below cabin, didn't run when it saw me but continued, stopped at squeak. Gluckly progressed to the 'whip-poor-will' area - tried "poops", screesh owl calls & squeales, dawn & bask. called 3 poorwills. Heard a long-screed out at distance up 2 facing side canyon. Started running lightly at 9:45 p.m. -few moths flying. By owl response. By 10:30 enough snow to cause the ground! Glad to leave this

Christensen, J. V. 1963 Journal 6 June Hidden Forest 7900 ft. Sheep Range Clark Co. Nevada light, calm. Not brought in a whip-poor-will - with part of tail missing, blood on wing & #? stab in the body. Mystery & opossum accounted for. C. G. Nansen made an interesting comment this evening = the "pick-up" skulls of bighorn sheep in the entire range have certain horn sheath except at the N. end of the range where rodents eat the horn sheath - a food deficiency? He has gone riding nearly everyday since we arrived. Snow late in evening. 7 June Worked over area about the spring 100 yds N. of camp in hopes of stiring up a whip-poor-will. A number of pygmy owl hatches & BL-ters. Jay Wakes in pines, a black-headed Grosbeak called & sang - a light but persistent snow - most melted when it hit the ground. On dawn Canyon - shot a pair of javasas - retrieved 1, lost 2. The snow fell heavy for 1/2 an hour, obscuring the canyon walls. Went in the chlorothalamos flat - many grateachers, Enspidons (in pines on edge of flat), 9-tailed larches, Clipping Sparrows abundant after Juncas and one house wren. Shot two Piolated Warblers in damp patch of Acee on bank of stream led at base of cliffs - very damp situation. Bush tits seem to be paried up & only flew, watching for creepers - no luck. More chipmunks in rocky areas in flats & hillside dawn Canyon.

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Christensen, S. M., 1963 Journal 7 June Hidden Forest, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Marble, Colo. Snow stopped at 2 p.m.; Ned returned from Lookout about 3:15 p.m. with Alden Miller. Hansen left this a.m., clear, cold in evening. 8 June Wake up to a clear morning with frost on everything @ 24° F at about 6 a.m. At 7 a.m. walked up the ridge to the NW - 500 yards & then up ridge to head of canyon to the W. And an damn, that one thrusts on ridge. At the mouth of the canyon I heard nutcrackers and what sounded like a Stellar Jay - but this is an open question. With a combination of screech owl call and squeals got a gang warbling - almost entirely chickadees, piny & white-breasted nuthatch, audubon and BL-thr. Inay markblers, one thrusts. The Perrin thrushs these are very frighty & it is difficult to approach closer than 30 or 50 yds., but they are very curious & often came flying in to squeals and owl calls. Missed a hairy woodpecker. Came down canyon to main canyon below aspen grove. At 4:00 p.m. I went down to aspen grove & went up the talus slope (NE facing) squeaks & screech owl brought in a Broad-tailed Hammer, white-breasted nuthatch & an Empidonax. Near aspen area slat a Creeper on pole sized ponderosa. That pair of W. bluebirds, could only retrieve 9; they were on jimpas snag on S. facing slope - at 6 p.m. At 8:00 p.m. Slew a jack rabbit near the spring. This evening helped me remove 2 Old Man Rabies from right next below camp.

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Christman, S. 1963 Journal June Hidden Forest, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. Out at 8:30 a.m. - not as cool as other mornings. Clear shot a junco 150 yds below cabin near big log across canyon. Went on canyon to pinyon-juniper belt - roughly 2 mi below camp. Shot a & Hairy woodpecker in a dead pine - was calling - later, a ? was flying about canyon calling loudly. Six Violet-green swallows flying down canyon. Again tried the squab spread but hit & got many chisadoes, resulting Vireos & few nutlatches & bl- thr spy warbler. Shot a [illegible] from the lot. Got a chipmunk. Saw singing house wren, only of an Audubon Warblers - in the thicket of aspen where I shot the Palaces Warblers - another of this species and a Harris Thrush. Singing Quailateches, fairly abundant in the Rabbit Brush flats. 2 V-g Swallows flying high over cliffs & entering a cave - on the south side of canyon. 2 White throated Swifts On way back got one of 2 juncos in gang fins. A warm day - 59°F at noon. Canyon Wrens seem fairly abundant, tho not always as prominent to voice

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instrument, S. W. 1963 Journal Widden Forest, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. 10 June awake to an overcast sky, temp. in 40's - a wind came up and continued until late afternoon. Passing camadas all day & thunder in distance after 9 a.m. The high wind had a depressing effect upon bird activity in the lower canyon - it seemed. Only a few warblers, nuthatches & chickadees seen or heard. Hermit Thrushes seem to prefer hill sides of rock and pine needles, tall pines and/or firs, plus young trees of these species. This situation is in most circumstances shaded N facing slopes. White-throated Swifts seen almost daily, the never more than 2 and often seen at same time as under-green swallows to junipers & only 3 enjadonas seen this a.m. Contopas seen in lower canyon & about cabin - not too abundant. Shot a Virginia Warbler out of a young fir in canyon. Came back up at 11:40 m. & went up to spring for 1/2 hr. Saw: 2 Bl-throated gray warblers, 1 audubon, 1 Bl-headed Grosbeak and about 25 Cassin Finch of which 1/3 were adults. Neary clear away by 3 p.m., at 5:00 I went up

Mistura, J. H. (1963 Journal 10 June Hidden Forest, 7,900ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Haas Canyon, night for to the dry falls area. Heard or saw: hairy woodpecker, flicker, audubon & Bl-thr. gray warbler, R-C. Singlet, Broad-tailed Hummer. while on a high ridge at 5:45 a torrential hail storm hit; it fell in heavy curtains, whitening the ground. as stream bed again, storm let up and singlets & warbles sang. No birds collected. Flushed a thrush off of a near in an 8' high fn near to edge of stream bed on shaded side. Near 4' up on open - stream bed side of tree on horizontal branch half way between edge of canopy & trunk tightly woven veg. material. 7 am bluish eggs. The storm continued intermittently until 9pm. after 7 it turned to rain-quiet evening. 11 June Went up main Canyon with Fletcher to an Empidonax near nest then went on up to the head "waters" of the Canyon where there is an almost pure stand of Pines aristata - there were few species or individuals. Chiribados were the most abundant, next lushtile, then Black-throats Gray warblers, and one lucky - crowned Singlet. Juniper was mixed in with the Bristle-cone, also afew prion. This was about 9,000 ft. went down a ridge which was practically bare & went over into another drainage - which comes out 1 1/2 mi. below camp in Nesde, Broke Canyon. This rice was a magnificent Ponderosa forest, with no undergrowth - immensous snags and huge fallen logs. Worked over this area

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christmas, Iowa 1963 Journal 11 June Hidden Forest Canyon, Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. rather thoroughly. Noted: heard flicker - shot a J Bluebird from a snag. Shot a J Audubon Warbler which thrashed about briefly; immediately a cluckadee in a mid-aged fir started calling - soon Bl. thr. gray warblers, Kinglets, pygmy nuthatches joined in. I helped with screech and calls & squeaks; a creeper joined this mess & got in also. A few Empidonax & Chipping Sparrows. Got back into the main canyon via a series of draws clothed with a dense forest of tall, old piyon & juniper. Only noted are Empidonax (.39 didn't please it) & Bl. thr. gray warbler. Back to main canyon - as I entered camp a bandtailed pigeon took off from the area in front of the cabin. Gave it a load of 4's as it took off - it hit in a snag close by where 6's finished him off. It is an immature. The skull had two small "uncus"; The crop and proventriculus were empty; the gizzard had numerous pieces of small stones and/or small bits of hard seed - nothing identifiable - all were stained a brighter green. The liver had no fat. A female - away 3 x 2 mm and very minutely granular. A clear cool evening - very dark. No luck with fox and hunters. The nights are very often sharply cold and windy - with music or calls.

Christensen, D.M. 1963 Journal 12 June Hidden Forest, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co. Went out at 7, after all had left. 100 yds. N.E. of Colin I heard a robin sing - many qualities like a bl-headed thrasher. Flew as I approached - sat 6 ft. up in pine & got it. Worked up canyon. Relatively little bird activity. Got a 7 Audubon - had a creeper. Two mourning doves flushed from under fir trees, flew up & away in firs & pines - elevation about 8,200 ft. The lower canyon has far more birds than above the Colin. One or 2 w. tanagers up canyon singing - far more numerous down canyon in area of piñons - pines - rabbit brush where I saw 5 together. Fletcher brought in a ruffini also - Miller shot at one above camp before I left. Suddenly they show up - just like the creepers. This is a rugged country - the game trails are by far the best means of getting about. They contain the hills and lips, sin rocks, falls, etc. They are probably made by both big horn and deer - their skeletons are frequently encountered. Also, beds and fecal piles of all ages are frequent - tho no fresh ones. Varners claims both species are lower down the hill now. I have seen little browsing evidence except for the browse line on 43 of the smaller aspen trees. The line is about 4 ft. high - amazingly low! Miller saw fresh sheep tracks down canyon other day.

wine grass spring cabin dry falls to saddle log where pair of Flammulated Owls were taken log across road our crops whiskey camp aspen - talus slope {our crop} narrows (poor-will site) acer clump where warblers were taken Rabbit Brush flats Nedden Forest Canyon grape vines where red-sided gull was seen where prairie-wool was seen where what? whip-poor-will steep rugged canyon

Christmas Eve, 1963 Journal 12 June Hidden Forest, 7,900 ft., sheep range, Clark Co., Nev. None of us have ever seen a sheep here, or anything larger than a porcupine. This afternoon after 2:30 I went down canyon to photograph and pick up a few plants to press. Near the dammed log saw an Olive-sided Flycatcher & collected some. It was seen twice to light - both times on lower limbs of ponderosa 15'± from the grand & 3-5 ft. from the trunk. I heard no call. About 12 swallows (V-g) and 3 white throated swifts were seen flying over & up & down canyon. The swifts remain well over tree height - so difficult to even try to shoot. Chipmunks are abundant - I believe the most abundant are at this elevation & lower is E. dorsalis. I have not seen any Rock Squirrels since we arrived in camp here - we saw them lower down the canyon near the mouth. Red tailed hawks into Las Vegas at 1 p.m. - will scent and further, camps in the Chesteron's - At 7:45 p.m. I left cabin & proceeded ½ mi. down canyon - walking slowly with piping owl calls at intervals - no response from anything. At 8:30 I started back with same routine except with Flammulated calls. No responses until fallen log across road when are answered four times from fir's up the hill - the calls were sharp & more like "hoot" than "poop"

Christman, J. H. 1963 Journal 12 June Hidden Forest, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. No response to squeals - same and miles had trouble with! Near cabin tried Worms Owl - no response. Except for infrequent calls from other birds, the violet-green swallows are the most active (less obviously vocal than) up until about 8:30. Thrushes sing until about 8-8:15 p.m. Pomwills start at 8:40 p.m., stars out at 8:50 Cabin at 9; & 50° F. no wind. Today has been clear & relatively warm - mid 60's. Very strong winds in mid-afternoon. Have not seen any bats in the evening light. 13 June A fine warm day with Cumulus of & on and off strong wind. Worked the lower canyon - saw a Red-tailed Hawk flying low over the N. facing slope. The Nuttallornis was shot from a lower limb of a pine over a dry stream bed & Rabbit brush - did not sing. Swallows shot in opening in forest. Tawaga in stream bed - low, on log; same area as above flycatcher. The three warblers were shot within 520 yds of each other between 11 and 12 p.m. The ? yellow throat was quieter in Rabbit's Brush in stream bed in exposed situation. flow from: area adjacent to stream bed, deep little & cliff under 12' high "maple", cool north exposure, this is where the Carulewabler was collected. The warneatingquale, was 350 yds. down stream in a similar situation except under

15. Journal 13 June Hidden Forest Canyon, 7000 ft., Clark Co., Sheep Range, has junc & veigar cliff & just as exposed to N, again damp shaded. Also, in the "maple". 14 June 8 a.m. while still dark heard a loud sharp "jinks" -almost metallic. At 7:30 a.m. we headed down canyon in the truck. Not let me and halfway down the canyon - just where the pines peter out. Shot at & missed a black-chinned sparrow. Saw & shot at a pair of rufous-sided towhees, saw virginia warbler, many v-g swallows and bl-ths gray warblers. One white-breasted nuthatch in pinions. Great-titlias are most abundant bird. One flicker. Saw at a distance & heard scrule jay and pinjon jay. In the canyon bottom in a dense pinjon-juniper forest ran into a family of plain finch plain titmice - shot 3. Shot a working drake. Saw one aliph-sided flycatcher, & one pileolated warbler - nettle singing. Empidons at lower point of d got - where Dick parked the truck, which is 6,700 ft. Got a rush going - mainly titmice and nut clishades, joined by bl-ths gray warblers and great-titlias. Shot an empylon warbler under a shade in protected area near a cliff. Many chipmunks and one rock squirrel seen. Many fox tracks & few sheep tracks.

Christensen, Dr. 1963 Journal 15 June Hidden Forest Canyon, 7,900 ft., Sheep Range, Clark C. Drew Up early and broke camp at about 8:30 a.m. We stopped near the mouth of the canyon ( ) and collected some samples of shrubs. One shrub looked like an oak - but no acorns. Out on the extensive alluvial fan at mouth of canyon there is an extensive forest of Yucca lucida - the was the tree farm as in California. The work is a deeply entrenched arroyo in the fan. Yucca baccata in pod stage - if individuals reproduced this year (apparently may did not) - and fairly numerous. Yucca mahavensis farth down bare of fan near Corn Spring but not abundant. Stopped by the hg at Cain Spring - Hansen nor at home; gas water tanks filled. Went to Kyle Canyon in the Spring Wks., had lunch near the end of the road & more down to Forest Service office to get a fire permit. They are just getting organized for this fire season & probably will not be ready till end of the month. Lightning set fires seem to be particularly warmpose in this area, especially in the higher, inaccessible regions. On to Las Vegas - shopped for food, did laundry, had a fine dinner. Stayed at the Apache Motel - rather rundown Hollywood modern Saw highschool paraging over down town Area. The Ranger at Kyle Canyon claimed to have a D.O.R. golden Eagle above the F.S. unit.

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Christina, She, 1963 Journal 16 June 3 mi. N Charleston Peak, 8,400 ft., Spring Mtws. Clear. Near. Left Las Vegas at 10:30 a.m. & proceeded to Lee Canyon. Near mouth of canyon in pinion-juniper area saw: large unidentified Butte, Sparrowhawk (only one seen in this region except one at Hidden Forest Canyon), Maskingbird and a D.O.R. Jack Rabbit (this & helicon is the only Lepus seen down here, except the one & shot & photographed at Wicgrass Spring at Hidden Forest). We drove to McD Williams Camp ground area & end of road at ski tow, then to camp site - about 1 1/4 mi. up (dry) stream from the Lee Guard Station (not open yet). There is a grassy meadow near the station. Set up camp in a snug manner in less than two hrs. Have seen here: warbling Vireos, many broad-tailed hummers, heard flicker, many Cassin Finches, Hermit thrushes, Red-tailed Hawks and Rufous-crowned sparrows. The camp site is at a fork in Canyon, with aspen, many huge P. ponderosa, second conifer - white fir, next P. aristata, and several "limber pines". Many have shade areas, and numerous seedling conifers in canyon bottoms. A heavily wooded hill to SE (NW facing) - clear coal. Little grand cave, many downed timber (some cut) only a few snags. Shot a Cassin Finch singing in pine, and a hermit thrush in aspen grace - 10 ft. up in dead aspen. Many dusky flycatchers.

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18. Journal 17 June 3 mi.N. Charleston Crk, 8,900 ft. Spring Mtus., Clark Co., Nev. We had breakfast at 6:15 with the sun well up down the canyon. I headed up draw to SW to the saddle to the next drainage to S on main Lee Canyon. Heard many thrashers but did not see any - saw 2 turkey flycatchers but they can't be approached easily. At the saddle there is a road from E. and winds around contour of a round head-drainage basin & appears to go to saddle on main drainage crest - perhaps down Clark Canyon. The majority of the country seen is open forest - mainly pine with little or no ground cover - just shale talus. Went to peak SE of camp & zig-zagged down. Very steep, NW facing slope of sub mature sized white fir - now 1-2 ft. in diameter. The trees do not form a complete canopy but are the densest for visible at this elevation. The ground has same parent-rock material but heavier needle litter, fallen trees and about 14 case of Juniperus comminiscens in dense patches. Little bird life in evidence - no chipmunks seen. Shot a silent clickadee from this area. When I approached the bottom of this hill - 75 yds down canyon from our camp site I heard a sapucker & gave horned owl call - it came in 8 ft. away on branch of fir - shot with .38. Then when a bit lower, heard bluebird & saw one above my level in huge p. ponderosa in canyon bottom - it was an top dead branch.

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christmas, J.H. 1963 Journal 17 June 3 mi. N. Charleston Peak, 8,900 ft. Spring Mtus., Clark Co., Nev. Saw a flicker in road near camp shot at it & is flew to fire - a long shot got it. To camp - heard flickers went down canyon 50-yds & shot it. Dave Ayreab & sapsucker came in close got it also. If these birds turn out to be R & F's, I believe they are mated pairs for all were collected in about the same area. Waxbling wrens over 25-yds below tent. Lots of loud singing. Saw 1 audubon warbler. Most bird activity, especially singing is in canyon bottoms aspen prannment. Many singing Cassin finches Puthatches high and quiet. At least one pair of darker green swallows flying over camp site. Saw one Red-tailed Hawk soar over. That Eupidonus in fir on V facing slope. * They - the 2 pair of woodpeckers - were probably mated pairs. At 3:15 p.m. we were shining in the tent when we heard a roaring of heavy wing beats - I ran out of the tent an on the rocky hill side to the N, slowly walking up hill was a turkey. It disappeared up hill, after Red & Fletcher saw it. The only feature about the bird which was about 40 yds away when I first saw it was the ocher-tan band at the end of the tail - the rest of the bird was just dark. Could this be from the stables a mile below - or an introduction. Warm clear day with small fluffy cumuli passing over.

christman, J. W. 1963 20. Journal 17 June 3 mi. N Charleston Lake, 8,900 ft., Spring Titus, Clark & Hew at 7:45 p.m. I walked up a small draw W of Camp then up on a dry exposed ridge of rock, sparse Canifas - saw Cassin Finch's singing. Collected a silky Sitta carolinensis which was working on the base of a 1 ft diameter white fir. Till almost dark Thrushes and Empidonax were calling - Bluebirds flew overhead. No sort of response from small birds to piping and calls. All woodpeckers, especially sapsuckers respond to warbled owl notes & squeaks. Limber pine is far more significant, even at this elevation, than in the Sheep Range. 18 June about 7: a.m. Ned & I drove down canyon & parked several hundred yards below the turn off to Kyle Canyon the canyon bottom isn't too brood here - in the "roads" the vegetation is Cercocarpus in shrub form 6-10 ft. tall, with Panderasa, fir, pinion & juniper, dotted about with the former particularly noticeable though the latter 2 species probably make up the major portion of tree cover. Bunch-tits were numerous as were chipmunks and quail-stickers. Few Black-throated Gray Warblers, and piping wren-thatches. Green-tailed Towhees (in flat areas) and Hermit Thrushes (in shaded slopes) were singing much of the time as was the Olivius's chipping sparrow and several warbling Vireos. Heard several flickers, Chisbadee not overly abundant. Several Black-headed Sapsuckles seen. The 7

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Christman, John 1963 21. Journal 18 June Lee Canyon, 7,600 ft., Spring Mtus., Clark Co., Nev. Rufous-sided towhee was shot while singing from the top of a snag 35 ft. high. [this was some circumstance as "the one that got away" in Hidden Forest Canyon]. The song was two harsh notes -- just like warning call of a scrub jay, followed by a sharp trill. The ? was collected an hour later within 50 yards of the above snag. Heard a band call note from large pine -- "Rei!", very much like a Cassin Finch. Upon investigation I shot a Salitary Vireo. Shot the only junco I saw -- this species is very much less abundant than in the Sheep Range. The farthest I went was about a mile & a quarter, below the trees -- here the canyon narrows with rocky walls. It was here that I shot 3 juvenile scrub jays -- early time I shot I was looking for an adult. They all kept in dense juniper or pinon cover & the 3 before responded to a squeal -- which also brought in a or Western Bluebird. Empidonas were very abundant -- and could be approached to within .38 range (in camp they have to be shot with half loads). Chisbadces & great-atchers were carrying food. Clipping sparrows had dragging young. After shooting the jays noticed a lird launch circling over the nearly pines. It was going away when I squealed -- it turned my way, folding wings & plummeted directly toward me -- a new aper panderosa shielding me -- it dropped legs & was about to alight

Kyle Canyon Road (not paved far) 1.8 miles Forest Service Lee Canyon Guard Station side canyon dirt road dry meadows main Lee Canyon paved road organization camp our camp saddle McC Williams Camp ground (fee) main ridge drange

Christmas, Gk. 1963 Journal June (3mi. N Charleston Peaks 8,900 ft., Spring Pitus, Clark C. [illegible]) Lee Canyon court) in the pine when I shot it 30 ft. high. Upon dressing it was found to have the torn pieces of a bird in its crap - only the feet could be used to identify the victim of the St Cooper Hawk. At noon a Forest Service truck came into camp & a young man asked "how are the bird watchers"? He (forgot name - about 25) graduated from UCB. He said the turkeys were introduced from Arizona to "the other side of the district." There are 3 herds of Elk in the range - the largest in Clark Canyon, where they tend to be very local. No word on "Blue jay" At 8:45 p.m. heard at least one poor-will calling down canyon from our camp. I did not respond to my imitation. I walked down to road 100 yds below camp & heard it - didn't come in. By 9:15 p.m., it was quiet. It was heard up slope to the south once. Must try again at 9:45. 2 formulated owls responded to Fletcher's call - one was not over 35 yds. Shove camp to SW - it called until I approached, then shut up. The other is down canyon. Have not heard a leaved Owl on this trip - nor a screech for that matter. Last night was clear, but at about 11 p.m., it sprinkled for 15 minutes (lightning storm to N & E). Today was hot dawn Lee Canyon & just bar here tied about 3: when a coal breeze came up clear tougher

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christman, J.H. 1963 Journal 23. 19 June 3 mi. N Charleston Peaks 8,400 ft. Spring Mtus, Clark Co.; [illegible] Red & Fitch went down Lee Canyon early - shot and bow warbler in camp. Walked up to ridge to W then circled 5 & came down one of the canyons to camp from SW. Near the top of the ridge Pinus aristata & P. flexilis predominant. Ponderosa drops out at about 9,000 ft. Fir goes to top but not in exposed sites. Saw near top ? williamson sepsucker, pair of bush tits, Clark Nutcracker, Mt. Chickadee and collected a hermit thrush & an Empidonax (#1038 ) Heard Cassin Finches. Empidonax are by far the most common bird. Saw no nutatches. Saw 2 ? W. Tanagers in fir areas. Back at camp shot a creeper, an Empidonax (#1040) and chipping Sparrow. Up high saw 2 juncos, but couldn't approach. The other Empidonus was shot at about 9,100 ft (#1039). Saw one flicker - extremely weary; head bluebirds up canyon & about camp. Photographed on ridge W of camp. Walked down to gravel road at 7:50 p.m. Shot a thrush. The last Violet-green Swallow was seen at 8:20 p.m. At this time two poorwills began calling from the hill N of camp sites. They called continuously for 2 minutes - then quiet until about 8:45 - same 2, plus one flew down at the meadow. One flew over me high - it is & is sailed off to a dark hill side of small juniper, & rocks. Called several times. Quiet night - back to camp - no stimulated answers. Still no bats out in the evening - The only bat I have

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Christman, J. 1963 24 Journal 19 June 3 mi. N Charleston Peak, 8,900 ft. Spring Butte, Cloud Co., Nor. seen were at Wiregrass Springs at Hidden Forest and a tiny one flying about Cottonwoods at Cam Springs at 10:30 a.m. when we came out of the Sheep Range 20 June at 6:30 a.m. hiked about 3/4 mi. down canyon toward the guard station, turned N up a side canyon with an entrenched dry streambed. Huge ponderosas, especially at bottom which soon narrows. The east slope has an extensive stand of Cercocarpus, almost solid cover. Aspen and Aces are tall and numerous but not in dense stands. Shot of sapsucker (red-naped) from a dead tree in bottom of canyon. A flicker flew over. Went up a canyon to NE, then onto a spur with steep talus slopes & good sized fir & P. aristata. Shot at a Clark Nutcracker. Shot a pygmy nuthatch. Continued up hill - saw & Williamson sapsucker. Reached crest at 10:30 a.m. Bluebird nesting in aristata snag. White-bellied Nuthatch & Wtl. Chickadees. Elevation is about 9,550 ft. Can look down sparsely forested slopes, down to the desert. On this ridge is 100% P. aristata cover. An Empidour flew to a 4 ft. high " " in front of me & settled down into a nest, saw me & flew - collected nest & this individual. Down hillside to E. facing slope. Here near the streambed the firs are huge, dense & in almost pure stand. R-C Singlets, thrushes, Chickadees abundant. W. Tanagers singing - few sapsuckers now. Cassin Finches. Shot a J Williamson which lit on fir 2 ft. up & started working up to

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Christman, D.M. 1963 25 Journal 20 June 3 1/4 mi. N. Charleston Peak, 9,200 +/- ft., Spring Range, Clark Co., Nev. tumb, or had a wasp of ants in him - held together by a clear gummy substance. continued down canyon. Chipmunks high in fir trees (the pale sugar trembles, i.e.) the only creeper I saw. Saw a Nairy woodpecker fly to a snag with bark still on, but only in chunks - 35 ft. up was a hole & as adult approached young could be heard calling. Adult called frequently, I visited nest hole twice then walked slowly up the remaining 15 ft. of the snag where it called loudly. The tree was 30 yds up hill from the dry stream bed & surrounded by young firs. Walked down canyon - warbling Vireos & andubian Warblers singing. Empidonax everywhere - got a thrush. The attie, 2 sapsuckers flew into dead trees near me - didn't call. Trees near stream bed & most of bark still on them - in both cases birds lit 25-30 ft. up trunk. Only one junco seen. Logging muthatches far and number, white-breasted. Far fewer warblers here than in the sheep Range, no bl-thr, gray warblers seen. A Red- tailed hawk seen from top of ridge - its tail was a grayish pink. Empidonax by far the most abundant bird. At about 9 a.m. I heard a series of "hoots" which sounded like band-tailed pigeon - the noise came from up canyon. The Sharp have seen golden-mantled ground squirrels - I haven't -- some seem to be especially dark, atties lighter.

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Christman, J. H. 1963 Journal 20 June Moab Canyon, 8,100 ft., Springitus, Clark Co., Nevada We started to break camp at 4:50 and were on by 5:50 p.m.; got well at Rock Williams Camp ground. Arrived at this site in time to set up tent, make camp & eat before dark. Two metasechers at spring when we arrived; plus almost hundreds of thrushes juncos & especially Cassin finches. At dusk several medium sized bats were seen. Clear & Cool. The Springitus impressed me in one regard in that game trails are almost entirely missing where as they are abundant in the Sheep Range. First personwills heard at dark 8:50 p.m. 21 June Awoke to call of poor-will at camp. Clear & 58°F. Went up main canyon & kept to left from the side canyons - found shooting-stars & aspen in dry stream bed, followed up and found several springs and a small but bubbling stream. The Canyon wall is a steep V. The SE facing slope is shale, bare with large pine & fir the opposite slope mainly fir of varying ages, Ribes, Acer, shooting-[illegible] (where damp) and aspen. Many fallen logs.In this general area - shot 2 juncos that escapes, one Songlet, a Virginia warbler (dark Canyon olive - singing in a pine), an audubon warbler & a salitaris perched on low limb of pine on dry slope. Saw two Audubon Warblers, a singing (3 mate) Olive-sided Flycatcher, many chickadees & few pygmy nuthatches. The main canyon from this glen to camp is open

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christman, J. h. 1963 27 journal 21 June Macho Canyon 8,100 ft. Springuitus, Clark Co., Nevada with tell pine (panderosa) & white fir - of all age classes, Rabbit Brush, Pines, asps, etc. Glad in this w. tangeres area: Red-shafted Flicker, Broad-tailed Hummer & the juncos. Saw Red-tailed Hawks, Clark Nutcrackers, Chipping Sparrrows, Empidanes, Chickadees, etc. In camp by 11 a.m. At least a half dozen Nutcrackers have hung around the spring, making a huge variety of noises - they are not shy, although do not allow one to approach. Cassin Finches are the most abundant bird in the canyon & can be heard everywhere. Red-tailed Hawks seems to be stationed on large and trap - pines opposite camp - scream frequently. Green-tailed Tanulries abundant in dry open sites. 7:30-8:30 hunt = down canyon 3/4 mi. Shot a ? Bluebird (50 near by); Cassin Finches singing & flying about in huge numbers - (not in flocks, singles & 25, 33). Saw hairy Woodpeckers Violet-green Swallows (about 2 pairs in canyon). Flickers seem to be abundant (scared at camp spring during mid-day). Not as many Thrushes as at other camps, also fewer nut-hatches. Today I saw all species of conifers that we have thus far encountered. Juniper & Piñonite come out, of course, not numerous. Panderosa on drier, open sites and white fir in shadier, damper situations. Junipers & Piñon increasing in frequency down canyon. Much more Ribes & Aces here than other camps - but aspen are not in groves as at Nadder Forest & last

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Christmas, July. 1965 28 Journal 21 June Black Canyon, 3,100 ft., Spring Witus, Clark Coy, Decuda Camp, also the aspen are large, not stunted as at Hidden Forest. Perhaps (?) talus aspen are naturally "stunted" where as, evening stream beds can support trees up to 15 ft. high. Also of interest, the springs here do not have aspen groves! This canyon is one of the worst old logging messes I have seen. Logs, stumps & slash everywhere. The entire area of the canyon bottom (except for a few are spots such as this camp site) has a substrate of stream worn cobbles & gravel - often with large scars due to heavy equipment dragging logs, a few places of ice. There is no evidence of flooding since this logging. Also, there is no direct evidence of the site of the lumbering hq. or mill. Not many swags in canyon. At last - game trails, which also seem to be used as horse trails. There is considerable shoe of horses here - some recent, straw, etc. at this camp site. Saw few deer tracks - but no fresh sign over an abundance. When walking down canyon - returning from a.m. hunt noticed tracks in road bed which could only have been made by turkeys! Red saw 4! This is better than the del birds. Clear, hot during mid-day. Prairie-wills don't come in to calls in this range as they did in the Sheep Range. Am being distracted by what seems to be a chipmunk call unique to this range - it sounds like the "chuck" of a game

Christman, John 1963 27 Journal 21 June Washes Canyon 8,100 ft., Spring Mtus., Clark G., Nevada. bird, & not high & sharp. The Acer I refer to is probably a. glabrum. There is also a Sambucus here - saw one cluster of immature flowers. Most individuals are shrubs and show heavy branching or other forms of vegetative distraction. The species is probably 22 June Hunted in a small side canyon below camp and down the main canyon. Audibson Warblers abundant, only one pair of warbling Vireos, and few Empidonax here. Several pairs of Bluebirds. Chat a pair of pygmy nuthatches. A windy afternoon. To Las Vegas for supplies in late after- noon. Clear, cool in canyon. 2 Cows of Cougars. 23 June Sunday chores. Campers gone. Clear, warm and very windy - from every direction. The wind is clear so hard that mature ponderosas are swaying - haven't heard any seed cones going down yet. At 3:00 p.m. went about camp & down canyon hunting. Shot two juncos about camp few yds. apart, but one hour apart - pair - ? Only a few junco came to spring. Wind so heavy that there is little bird activity. At 6:30p.m. we heard a crossbill- shot it in top of tall young fir across spring. Weller, time getting is down! There is some, the not much evidence of peregrines in this canyon - no where near as much as in the Sheep Range. Saw some lizards digging high in a side canyon yesterday. Saw one isolated area today 300 yds.

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Christmas, D.M. 1965 Journal 23 june Wachs Canyon, 8,100 ft., Spring Wtrus. Clark Co., Nevada dawn canyon which seems to be pocket gopher womds. This afternoon saw a golden-mantled ground squirrel for first time - at camp near Rides patch. 8 p.m. wind stronger and very cold. Starting to pick up Epigellas for skeletons at Larry Wolf's suggestion. Heard a Nairy Woodpecker in late afternoon. 24 june 1/2 mi. E Wachs Canyon, 7,760 ft. Fletch & I took trucks dawn canyon - I parked it at the top of the canyon wall & collected E. 1/2 mi., & vertically [illegible], but probably 500 ft. Confined my work to zone below the Ponderosa-firbelt which begins at about 8,000 ft. The forest here is a closely [illegible] trees of juniper and pinjon, with ponderosa and fir (latter less than 10% of pine) scattered here & there. Can see desert to N. & East. Few shrubs & no grasses; found as a understory - forbs are few & almost entirely restricted to dry stigum fields. The trees are more dry than [illegible] the same closely adjoining them [illegible] plant association experienced by myself. Flying over area - Red-tailed Hawk & white-throated Swifts. Clark Nutcrackers seen flying area & occasionally perched high in a pine. They must feed in this plant association! The Pinjon cone crop seems to be fairly heavy - in some places nuts are sturn about made in trees. Seems to be relatively few ponderosa or fir cones here or above as camp level & higher. Few Cynomarpus shrubs near - those that were seen were in "pod" stage. photo taken

Christensen, G. M. 1963 Journal 24 June 1/2 mi. E Witches Canyon, 7,760 ft., Spring Vitis, Clark Co., Nevada Birds seen in this juniper-pinyon forest: chipping sparrows (restricted to open areas near road), quailcatcher (frequent, some singing), Solitary Vireo (one seen was collected, silent, came in close), Broad-tailed Humming (frequent), chickadees (abundant), Black-throated Gray Warbler (several seen in pines & pinions, some singing also one "close" seen high in a ponderosa, not easily approached), white-breasted Nuthatch (2 seen, food in tree, not very vocal), Cassin's Finches (frequent, little singing), Pinyon Nuthatch (one family group seen in a juniper patch under a small "grove" of ponderosas -- seemed to be about 3 young), Sparrowhawks (a pair seen -- calling loudly, about a large ponderosa snag at lower edge of pine forest). No juncos seen. By far the most abundant bird in this woodland is Empidonax - they seem to be fairly evenly stational (4 collected). Shot & couldn't recover the one bluebird I saw here. Collected one of 3 thrushes seen here. Bush-tits seen in pairs & one group of about 15 calling loudly. At camp site collected more birds. Saw sapsucker again. Shot a junco (?) which was with another bird in small pine. Audubon Warblers are abundant about camp area; seems to be several pair of Broad-tailed Hummers about spring also. One flicker frequently seen. Clear all day, but relatively cool, little wind; cold after sun went down. Quiet night; no poor-wills, New moon in W. at 7 p.m.

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Christman, R. M. 1963 Journal 25 June Macho Canyon 8,100 ft. Spring lits., Clark Co., Nevada Out of camp at 6:15 a.m., 200 yds up canyon, shot a yellow-bellied Sapsucker. Went up canyon with spring (that is left hand canyon). Shot a junco. A little farther up sat down near the highest spring which comes in (8:45 a.m.) from the SE - shot a ♀ Williamson sapsucker 30 ft. up in a pine snag (no bark) which even hung over the stream. Went up further, where the canyon opens up wider, with larger trees, drier - just under saddle to We Farland Canyon. Saw 3 violet-green swallows, several boinglets, pygmy nutatches and one ♂ williams sapsucker. Went W. toward the saddle-ridge. Heard noises of young birds. Also small fins saw ♀ type Williamson on the trunk of a lead ponderosa (4 ft. d.b.h., with bark) - it was 6 ft. up with bark toward me - shot it. As I approached a shrub ♂ called loudly from another lead pine 40 ft. up hill, 35 ft. up in the 1 ft. d.b.h. tree. Shot at it thru branches - no luck, it flew down canyon. The near hole from which the noise was coming was 4 ft. up on E side of tree - downhill side. There were at least 4 other holes above this one (♂ between holes when shot!) The hole was 39mm in diameter. Feces on ground under hole in rock & old pine litter. Closest tree 10 ft. down hill - a small fin. As I was examining the tree another ♀ type called & landed in a pine 15 ft. up hill to SW. Shot it immediately with .38 - it had #1089 #1090 #1091

Christian, John 1963 Journal 25 June Macko Canyon, 8,800 ft., Spring Mtus., Clark Co., Nevada a wood of ants in its hill. There were to one side of the series of holes - a number of 1" deep "exploratory" hole. The elevation here is slightly over 8800 ft. While finishing examining the situation, I noticed a horse watching me on the ridge 75 yds. to the N- the ridge is about 35 yds away - uphill. It was a mare, brown, thin, with a stocky long haired calf with it. After watching me for several minutes they walked down the opposite side of ridge into the MacFarland drainage. Went up to ridge & went on NE - all species of conifers, but more p. aristata here. Travel pavement. Went down a steep slope with dense young conifers, hit a spring - shortingsters - and grass, well grazed - with horse tracks & dung. Found a trail - was used by horses & came out at the end of the road. Near camp shot one of two Vico gilaos they were chasing, singing, etc. in same pale sized ponderosa - after I shot one flew 50 yds uphill in large ponderosa & sang continuously for several minutes before flying on uphill. Many Lassin 7 inches in main canyon near camp - many feeding young. As I approached camp saw a Peacoe - shot 'em. 26 June We packed up the trucks & were out of the Canyon by 9 a.m., photographed in canyon, near to Lee Canyon for male, & photos then headed toward Las Vegas.

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Christman, S. he 1963 Journal 26 June 1/2 mi. E Ella int., 7,200 ft., Class Jnters., Lincoln Co., Nevada. Arrived in Caliente in middle of the afternoon; went down dirt road east of town (past "Nevada Girls Training School) up a wadley with water flowing under groves of willows, cottonwoods & surrounded by colorful cliffs. We paralleled the Union Pacific R.R. toward "Eccles", up Clear Creek. There were several abandoned ranches & one where calfalfa is being grown. We turned S. past a small house (about 4 mi. E of Caliente), thru 2 gates at RR crossing and up a canyon. Soon we were in a rolling, slightly tilting plane (to 5) of dense juniper woodland, pinjon became more common as we gained elevation. Artemisia (tridentata - ?) and gambel oak also appeared. In several areas, which appeared to have been burned the sage was in pure stands. To the S we approached a live a high hills -- we can see pines on the ridge & down the canyons. Several areas on the slopes appear to have been logged & now covered with a low dense brush -- with damaged timber added here & there. The extent of good pine timber is restricted. The road is fairly good, dirt & recently graded by a "cat." We entered a canyon & gained elevation & entered a very open pine - pinjon - juniper woodland with many shrubs. Reached a crest & abruptly descended a canyon with no side -- turned around & searched out a camp site. We chose a spot on the road just below the crest on the N. side. Willies Camp set up by 4:30.

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Christensen, R. E. 1963 Journal 26 June 1/2 mi. E Ella Mt., 7,200 ft., Clover Mt., Lincoln Co., Nevada. Went hunting between 5:15 & 6:30 p.m. Went E below the crest of ridge & hill to E. Steep N facing slope, dissected by sharp V gullies; about 70% covered with pine of all stages of growth - including a few large ponderosas & no few stumps from logging. Patches of Gambel oak chaparral - pine stands 3 to 5 ft. high, usually fairly open. Traces of small pale sized pines. An Actiolepis present the most in pine stands. Frequent areas of Artemisia, with young pines (we are camped in such an area - 1/2 mile in extent). Violet-queen Swallowtails (near a large pine 25 yds down road). Saw one hummingbird. Immediately saw a family of pygmy nuthatches - that an adult feeding an immature 35 ft up in a mature pine. Collected a grace warbler (45 ft+ up in a mature pine - not singing), Solitary Vireo (quiet, in young pine near bush), Contopus calling & foraging in a grove of young pine. At this point saw Buteo hawks in pine (mature) 30 yds away - upper breast cream colored, belly & flanks with marks, dark tail & back-wings - light terminal bar on tail. Heard a hawk calling - saw 100 yds away a mature Red-tail - approached, heard call of Stellar Jay - saw 2 at a distance & they disappeared down hill. Another adult Red-tail came by - believe a pair with at least one young. Roated & speckled for Jays - one came near behind cover of

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Christman, B.A. 1963 Journal 26 June ½ mi. E Ella Wt., 7,200 ft., Clover Wt., Lincoln Co, Canada of small pines & called. Never showed again. got a calling gnatcatcher, saw more metholkes & singing Solitary Violes. Collected another Grace warbler - out of a tall mature pine. These birds seem to act like olive warblers - gleaming in the pine needles except this species is more active than the latter. Backs to camp & dinner about 8: p.m. saw 2 bluebirds fly by, a little later 2 nighthawks flew W 100-xfd N of the ridge we are camped on. One flew past camp while we were eating (6:45 p.) at late dusk (8:30 +) heard a clucking which sounded somewhat like a flickers polynotes call, except higher & more scolding. Then a night-hawk sized bird flew over - 25 ft above ground, that all I but didn't get it. it was dark & had larger wings than a nighthawk - several birds out - one swagotta, very large. 27 June Hunted on a hill SE of camp - open stand of pine of all age classes with some stands of gambel oak. saw 3 Grace warblers - only one song. Saw a good sized hawk fly up into a mature ponderosa - there was a stick nest 40 ft up on up hill (NW facing) tree d could see a tail over the edge of the near - fixed a half load at the nest & got the bird with 9's as it went off. Upon skinning found internal parts of a bird in crop - nothing to identify as to species.

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ristman, J. D. 1963 37 Journal 27 June 1/2 mi. E Ella Hut, 7,200 ft., Clear cuts, Lincoln Co., Nevada Saw 2 band-tailed pigeons and 2 Stellar Jays - both out of range. The violets short was siled but another sang. Went down canyon where the oak four trees 15' high. Saw several Rufous- sided towhees, one Bewick Wren. At 10 a.m. a strong wind from the S came up & blew hard all day & evening. 28 June Wind continues: Leave camp early & explored some of the roads to Gammill Peak & aur. at Caliente at 9:30. To Reno by way of Hwy* 25 to Warm Springs, Tonopah, Natchez, Yerington & Fernley. On into Berkeley by 11 p.m. Rainstorms from Sparks to near Truckee with fresh snow at heights; clear at summit of Hwy 40. Again heavy rain for 15 miles in foothills, area by Auburn. Saw groups of Turkey Vultures between Reno and Tonopah. 3 Ravens near Clarks station, Nye Co. The Ella Hut area was noteworthy for it was just high enough for ponderosa pine (many had two needles/leaves!) with a good brush understory of manzanita and/or gambel oak - may differ from the Clark Co. forests. Riles was particularly abundant in some places. The Rocky Mt. influence is particularly strong in this area.

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Christman, J.W. 1963 Phalaenoptilus nuttallii 3 June Hidden Forest, 8200 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev.- The first poor-wills were heard at about 8:45-9:00 p.m. - it was almost dark - with nearly a full moon. One flew over the canyon above the pine tops - & called as it did - suddenly it swooped down to me an lit 5-6 ft. in front of me on open hillside - flew in 1 minute. At 9:15 one was calling on hill E. of camp. Calls at rate of 1 per 3-5 sec., called for 5 minutes. The poor-will-

Christman, G.H. 1963 Empidax 4 June Weldon Forest -- Sheep Range, Clark Co., Nev. on hillside with NE exposure - 1 1/2 mi. SE of camp in same drainage -- elevation close to 9,000 ft. Area of abies canescens and few large snags & small Pinus ponderosa. Number 942 was watched & chased for almost an hour. During this time it sang from the tops of firs and pine snags from 25' to 75' from the ground. The call was "split Tee" or "split-tee-gee". The calls were repeated at 3-5 second intervals for between 5-10 minutes, then was quiet for almost five minutes. It flew from snag perch to snag perch frequently while singing. The area covered with during this activity was vague but was at least 50 yards long -- on contours of slope, and apparently not as wide -- up-down slope. # 938 was shot up hill & over other side from the above locality. It was shot out of a pine - here grand & a stand of dead brush.

Christman, G.M. Empidionas 11 June Hidden Forest Canyon, 8,200 ft., Sheep Range, Clark Co. here Fletcher & I went up canyon to a flycatcher nest in a fir in the stream bottom. A bird was on the nest. Another flew to a 4 ft. fir 25 ft. from the nest-- 2 shot this bird (GMC 987) and the bird on the nest flew to firs over its body. I left and Dick collected the bird = _______. About 100 yds farther up stream I was watching a flycatcher when it dead launched from a perch in a mature fir and chased & fought another flycatcher-- they were tumbling on the ground in front of me -- 10 ft+ when I shot them with the .38 aux. These are my numbers = 988 & ad, small ava and 989 ? ad, testes 5x3mm, no feet. The latter was shot to death.

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38a 1963 Index of Birds in Journal Nevada Turkey Vulture 37 2 Cooper Hawk 21,36 #1029♂ , 1105♀ Red-tailed Hawk 14,19,25,27,30,35 Sparrow Hawk 5,17,31 Golden Eagle 16 Turkey 19,22,28 1 Band-tailed Pigeon 3,11,25,37 # 995♀ imm. Mourning Dove 4,12 Flammulated Owl 4,7,13,22 Long-Eared Owl 5 Whip-poor-will 3,4,5 4 Boruill 1,4,5,14,22,23,25,28,31 Species acc. 1p. Nighthawk 16,36 (#952♀, 960♂, 961♀, 965♂) White-Throated Swift 8,9,13,30 1 Broad-tailed Hummer 7,10,17,27,31,35 #1055♂ 4 Red-shafted Flicker 3,5,10,11,15,17,19,20,23,24,27,31 953♀, 1019♂, 1028♀, 1059♂ 6 Yellow-bellied Sapsucker 17,18,19,20,24,25,31,32 *1021♀,1022♂,1048♂, 1049♀, 1050♀, 1085♀ 4 Williamson Sapsucker 23, 24, 32 =1047♂, 1089♀, 1096♀, 1091♀, 2 Hairy Woodpecker 2,7,8,10,25,27,30 *943♀, 977♂, (2♀ Species acc.) 24 Empidonax 2,6,7,9,10,11,15,17,18,19,20,21,23,24,25,27,29, 31. *938♀,942♂,950♀, 968♀, 981♂, 987♂,988♀, 989♂, 1008♂, 1017♂, 1030♀, 1033♂,1034♂, 1038♀ 1039♀, 1040♂, 1046♀, 1066♀, 1072♀,1077♀, 1078♂ 1079♂ 1080♂, 1107♂

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Index 5 Woodpewee 2,9,33,35 # 937♀, 982♂, 998♂,1042♂ 2 Olive-sided flycatcher 13,14,15,26 # 999♂, 1004♀ 4 Violet- green Swallow 4,8,9,13, 14,15,19, 23,27,32,35 # 1006♀,1007♂, 1061♀ ,1083♂ Steller Jay 35,37 2 Scrub Jay 15,21 * 1026♀,1027♀ Piñon Jay 15 1 Clark Nutcracker 3,7,23,24,26,27,30 # 1093♂ 2 Mt. Chickadee 2,5,7,8, 10,11,15,18,20,21,23,24,26,27,31 * 966♀, 990♀, 4 Plain Titmouse 15 * 1009♂,1010♀,1011♂ ,1016♀ 2 Bushtit 6,10,20,23,31 # 964, 1076♂, 2 White-breasted Nuthatch 7,15,20, 23,24,25,31 # 1003♂ # 1023♂ 1109♂ Red-Breasted Nuthatch 1003♂ 14 Pygmy Nuthatch 2,3,5,6,7, 11,19,20,23,24,25,26,27,29,31,32 35,36 # 944♀, 949♀,* 956♂, 969♀, 985♂,986♂, 1035♂ 1044♂,1052♀ ,1064♂,1065♀ ,1099♂,1106♂, 1108♂ 5 Brown Creeper 5,7,11,12,23,25 # 970♂,993♂,1041♂ 1084♀ ,1085♂ House Wren 6,8 Gowich 37 1 Canyon Wren 3,8 * 947♂ Mockingbird 1,17 1 Robin 12 # 997♂ 10 Hermit Thrush 4,7,8,9,10, 14,17,18, 20,23,24,25,26,27,31 936♂, 951♂,967♀, 980♂, 1014♂,1037♂, 1045♀ ,1051♀

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Index Nenit Ihuach (cont) 1075♂, 1081♀ 8 W. Bluebird 2,7,11,18,20,21,23,24,27,29,31,36 *940♀, 971♀, 991♂, 1018♂, 1060♀, 1062♀, 1069♂ 1102♂ 3 Townsend Solitaire 5,26 *941♂, 958♀, 1053♂ 2 Gnatcatcher 3,5,6,8,15,20,21,31,36 #978♂, 1095♂ 2 Ruby-crowned Kinglets 10,11,24,26,32 *973♂, 1058♂, 5 Solitary Vireo 8,21,22,31,35,36,37 *975♂, 1031♂ 1074♀, 1094♀ , 1101♂, 5 W. Warbling Vireo 3,5,8,15,17,19,20,25,29,33 *954♀, 974♂, 1012♀, 1036♂, 1087♂, 2 Virginia Warbler 9,15,26 *984♂, 1056♂ 1 Yellow Warbles 1 *935♂ ad. 5 Audubon Warbler 2,3,5,7,8,9,10,11,12,17,19,23,25,26,29,31 *983♀, 992♂, 996♀, 1042♂, 1054♂ 1 Bl-throated Gray Warbler 2,3,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,15,20,25,31 *939♂ 6 Grace Warbler 3,35,36 *945♀, 946♂, 948♀ 1096♀, 1097♂, 1106♂ 1 Max Gillivray Warbler 15 #1013♀ 2 Wilson Warblers 6,8,15 *962♀, 963♀ *1002♀ 3 oddballs: 14 #1000♂ ; 1001♀

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Indexa Aviorum christmasensis 2 Western Tanager 12,14,23,24,27 *1005♀ , 1103♂ Black-headed Grosbeck 5,6,9,20 4 Cassin Finch 5,9,17,19,20, 23, 24, 25, 27, 31, 33 * 955♂, 957♂, 1015♂, 1104 ♂ 1 Red crossbill 29 * 1073♂ Green-tailed Towhee 3,6,20,27 2 Rufous-sided " 3,15,21,37 *1024♀,1025♂, 10 Junco capensis 6,8,20,23,25,26,27,29,31,32 *959♀,972♂,976♂,1032♂,1057♀,1063♂,1076♂,1071♂ 1082♀,1088♀ 3 Chipping Sparrow 6,11,17,20,21,23,27,30,31 =1043♂, 1067♂,1068♂ Bl.chinned Sparrow 15 gray fox 5,15 Rock Squirrel 13,15 parapine 4,29 G-M-G. " 30 chipmunks 6,13,15,20,25,28 jack Rabbit 7, elk 22 Feral Hares 33

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