Accounts of birds, mammals, amphibians, and plant catalogue, v4551

Mayhew, Wilbur W.

Unknown

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

Original Source

Source Material:
Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Contributed by Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. | www.biodiversitylibrary.org

Birds--California Birds--California--Identification Alameda (Calif.) Berkeley (Calif.) Contra Costa County (Calif.) San Joaquin County (Calif.)

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ONWARD LOOSE LEAF NOTE BOOK MADE IN U.S.A. STOCK NO. SIZE RINGS SPACED S1-W162 10 1/2 x 8 2 6 IN. S1-W266 8 1/2 x 5 1/2 3 2 3/4 IN. S1-W265 9 1/2 x 6 3 3 1/2 IN. S1-W264 11 x 8 1/2 3 4 1/4 IN.

Name Bill Mayhew Address This Women's edition of the Bindex is given to you with the compliments of your favorite book store and the advertisers who have made it possible. Patronize your BIN-DEX advertisers Endorsed as an advertising medium by the Berkeley Downtown Merchants Association. The BIN-DEX LOOSE LEAF NOTE BOOK INDEX COURSE MARKERS University of California Edition. Spring of 1948 Copyright 1948 Fully Protected in the United States of America and its Possessions Published each Semester by Duncan A. Scott Owner and Publisher 160 The Uplands Olympic 2-4261 BERKELEY SAN FRANCISCO OFFICE 627 Mills Bldg. GA 1-7959 THIS IS JO-ANN the pot little flat you'll meet everywhere in black suede 8.95 at ROOS bros Roos Bros California Shops Telegraph Avenue near Sather Gate Birds

Birds M T W T F S 800 900 1000 1100 1200 100 200 300 400 500 from petticoats to tweeds . . . Sather Gate will fill your needs. (and please note that come Spring we'll have a new location: corner of Durant and Telegraph) Sather Gate APPAREL SHOP 2511 BANCROFT WAY BERKELEY

Birds Seen on the Conaway Ranch 1. Black-necked Stilt 2. Brewer's Blackbird 3. Red-winged Blackbird 4. Tri-colored Redwing 5. Killdeer 6. Mallard 7. Coot 8. Florida Gallinule 9. Snow Goose 10. Meadowlark 11. Black Tern 12. Marsh Hawk 13. Barn Swallow 14. Cliff Swallow 15. Tree Swallow 16. Pheasant 17. Mourning Dove 18. Calif. Quail 19. Yellow-headed Blackbird 20. Great Blue Heron 21. Pintail 22. White-fronted Goose 23. Sparrow Hawk 24. Burrowing Owl 25. Avocet 26. Bittern 27. Black-crowned Night Heron 28. Double-crested Cormorant 29. American Egret 30. Snowy Egret 31. Crow

32. Forster's Tern 33. Black Tern Caspian Tern 34. Long-billed Curlew 35. Anthony's Green Heron 36. California Gull 37. Least Sandpiper 38. Western Sandpiper 39. Red-backed Sandpiper 40. Long-billed Dowitcher 41. Cinnamon Teal 42. Bullock's Oriole 43. California Shrike 44. Ash-throated Flycatcher 45. Ruddy Duck 46. Song Sparrow 47. White Pelican 48. Whistling Swan 49. Lesser Scaup 50. English Sparrow 51. Red-shafted Flicker 52. House Finch 53. Western Kingbird 54. Screech Owl 55. Cowbird 56. Ring-billed Gull 57. Horned Lark 58. Greater Yellow-legs 59. Wilson Phalarope 60. Marsh Wren 61. House Wren 62. Blue-winged Teal

Birds Seen on the Conaway Ranch 63. Marbled Godwit 64. Yellow-billed Magpie 65. White-faced Ibis 66. Redhead 67. Canvasback 68. Western Willet 69. Duck-tet 70. Savannah Sparrow 71. Gambel's Sparrows 72. American Pipit 73. Belted Kingfisher 74. Eared Grebe 75. Red-tailed Hawk 76. Pied-billed Grebe 77. Green-winged Teal 78. Baldpate 79. American Merganser 80. Audubon's Warbler 81. Mockingbird 82. Canadian Goose 83. Hutchins Goose 84. Cackling Goose 85. Spoonbill (Shoveller) 86. Wood Duck 87. Black Phoebe 88. Fox Sparrow 89. Spotted Towhee 90. Gadwall 91. Violet-green Swallow 92. Black-bellied Plover 93. Western Grebe

94. White-tailed Kite 95. Wilson Snipe 96. American Goldfinch

Avocet Bay Farm Island, Alameda Co., Calif. at 5:30 A.M. several flocks, ranging from 4 to 12 per flock were seen flying south east from the direction of Alameda past the island. These flocks continued to pass at frequent intervals until about 6:30 A.M. at 6:35 A.M. three of them landed on a spit of land about 50 yards away. They walked along the edge of the water in a stately fashion. The long, up-curved bill, red neck, long legs, & black & white back were all very noticeable. Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. a flock of 17 were seen this afternoon on a sand bar in the middle of the south drainage ditch. 11 of them had pale cinnamon heads & necks, while the remainder of the flock had nearly white heads & necks. They actually were a tattle-tail gray. I assume that these latter are young of last year. I found a nest containing 4 eggs in it on a spit of sand in the marshy spot from which dirt was taken to make the banks of the main canal. This area is just east of the main canal, separated from it by a thin bank of dirt. A bird, that I presume to be the ?, was sitting on the nest when it was first seen. When I stopped the car, it ran with the head held low, heading for a stretch of water about 50 feet away. As soon as I started

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Mayhew 1950 Avocet 2. May 7 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. toward the nest, a bird that had been feeding about 75 feet north of the nest flew over the area twice, giving a rather plaintive call as it flew. I assumed this bird to be the other of the pair, as it then alighted in the water close to the bird that had been sitting on the nest. May 13 (2) Another nest was found about 150 yards south of the nest found May 7th. Both of these nests are about 1/2 mile south of the first main canal crossing south of headquarters. The nest found today also had 4 eggs in it. The bird that was incubating at the time I saw the nest walked away from the nest about 50 feet toward a patch of water. Then it flew to some tules where the other bird of the pair was located. One of the birds gave the broken wing act for about a minute, then they both flew east of me a ways. As soon as I returned to the car, one of the pair flew back near the nest, and within 2 minutes after I reached the car, the bird was incubating. The time was 12:30 P.M. (3) Another nest with 4 eggs was found about 100 yards south of the preceding nest. All of these nests consist of a few dry weed stems placed at random in a shallow depression in the ground.

May 13 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. There is no covering or shade near the nest — it is placed on the ground between water holes. The eggs look like our-sized gull-eggs — dark brown with chocolate colored streaks, just as if someone had dripped chocolate syrup on them. The eggs of the Black-necked Stilt are also quite similar. May 20 Another nest was found about 1/2 way between nests 1 & 2. One youngster had just hatched & the other 3 eggs were pipped. A hole about the size of the head of a good-sized pin could be seen in the large end of each egg that remained. The youngster was at the edge of the nest with his head stuck into the middle of a small bunch of grass. It was brownish-gray in color with a few dark blotches on the back & head, the bill was black, the feet dark gray. The toes are more webbed than those of young Black-necked Stilts. The ♀ on nest 1 is still incubating, as is the ♀ on 2 & 3. May 30 This nest hatched & evidently 3 young lived long enough to get away from the nest. One youngster was found dead at the nest. Nests 1, 2 & 4 had all hatched, but there was no sign of young anywhere along the entire ditch, & only 6 adults. The remains of /

Mayhew 1950 Avocet 4. May 30 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. adult was found where some animal had eaten it + scattered the bones around a little in the weeds. 1952 May 16 Gray Lodge Refuge, Butte Co., Calif. 1 A pair were seen on a shallow pond with 2 newly hatched young wading with them. 2 Another pair was seen with 1 youngster. May 23 One pair of adults was seen on a small pond, but 6 young were seen in the pond. 4 of them were about 2 weeks old, the other 2 were about ½ the size of the older ones.

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Mayhew 1947 Mar. 15 Baldpate 1. Lake Merritt, Oakland, Alameda Co., Calif. at 9:30 A.M. a pair of this species came very near to where we were sitting. The white crown + green patch on the side of the head of the ♂ was very much in evidence. Also, a white flank patch could be easily seen. Both the ♂ + ♀ had grey colored bill with a black tip. The ♀ was very plain (brown speckled). They didn't appear to be feeding. at 9:45 A.M. a large flock of Baldpates were seen feeding on the lawn about 50' away from the lake. They were eating grass, which they cropped off with a side-wise movement. In flight, large white wing patches were seen in the wings of a ♂ that passed overhead. at 10: A.M. another pair were seen swimming past. They seemed to swim with a rocking motion. at 10:10 A.M. a number of Baldpates flew overhead. The ♀'s white wing patch isn't nearly as prominent as that of the ♂. 1950 May 30 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. 3 ♂ were seen swimming in some open water between patches of tules in the main drainage ditch that forms the southern boundary of the ranch. They were seen just west of the S-turn in the ditch.

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Bittern Mayhew 1949 June 12 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. A Bittern was flushed from its nest at the north edge of a barley field this morning, about 8 A.M. There was almost no nest construction -- just a few straws in a depression in the ground. The nest contained 3 eggs -- each about the color of pheasant eggs, but slightly larger. The nest is 23 paces south of the marker on the ditch bank. 1950 June 21 A young Bittern was found hiding in wheat stubble about 100 yards from a ditch. It was fully feathered except for the flight feathers. When first seen, it was standing in the characteristic pose for this species -- head + bill pointed straight up in the air. When I approached close, it opened its mouth wide, ruffled its feathers, & in general, took on a defensive attitude, but made no effort to run away. It was still standing in the same place when I left.

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Mayhew 1950 Red-winged Blackbird 1. May 16 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. 2 nests of this species were found in tules in the main drainage ditch. One nest had 4 eggs, the other 2 eggs. The eggs are bright blue with dark brown streaks on them, especially near the large end. 2 other nests were found, but as there were no eggs present in either nest, I am not sure whether this species of blackbird or the yellow-headed blackbird, which was also found in the same tule patches, were responsible. May 20 I found a nest with 3 young just hatched in the last day or 2. The nest was in the tules in the main drainage ditch at the extreme south-eastern end. June 21 The remains of 11 nests were seen in the wheat fields as the grain was being harvested. All of the nests seen were attached directly to wheat stalks, and were from 12 to 36 inches above the ground. June 22 Today 22 more nests were seen in the wheat fields. They were all constructed in the same manner as the ones seen on June 21. 1952 May 1 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. (1) Today a nest was found in which 3 eggs had been deposited. One other (2) nest was found, but it contained no eggs.

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Lazuli Bunting Mayhew 1947 June 7 Woolsey Canyon, Alameda Co., Calif. At 9:50 A.M. one was seen feeding near the outer branches of a live oak tree. As it moved about the branch, which was about 30 feet above the ground, it uttered single chipping notes at irregular intervals. At 9:52 A.M. it flew north-east out of sight.

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Bush-Tit Mayhew 1947 Mar. 8 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 8:20 A.M. four members of this species were seen and heard just north of the stadium in a small oak tree. Shortly 2 of them flew off together, which seems to signify that the winter flocks are breaking up & the individuals pairing up. They uttered their light call notes as they passed through the tree. The nest of one of the pairs was found in a small oak about 10' above the ground. It was only partially completed. The site was in the leafy part of the foliage toward the end of the branch. At 8:38 A.M. one bird arrived at the nest, where it remained but a few seconds, adding a bit of material to the nest. All the while, it uttered its little chirping note. The other bird approached to about 20' of the nest, but departed when the other bird left the nest area. At 8:44 A.M. both birds arrived with material for the nest. The first bird was at the nest 20 seconds, and when it flew to a near-by tree, the second bird flew to the nest & stayed for 25 seconds. It then joined the other bird in the near-by oak from which both departed. At 8:46 they returned with oak catkins for the nest, but were alarmed before they could deposit the material. At 8:48 A.M. they both arrived at the nest again & both deposited the material. They spent 25 seconds at the nest, and then one of them returned with another load 20 seconds later. At 8:54 A.M. they returned with another load, landing first in the near-by tree, then flew to the nest. It remained at the

Bush-tit 2. Mayhew 1947 Mar, 8 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. nest for 10 seconds. Then both birds flew off. at 8:58 A.M. they returned to the vicinity of the nest. Both were at the nest together. One left after 20 seconds, the other remained for 45 secs. at 11:10 AM. a flock of about 10 was seen in some small shrubs. Apparently this flock hadn't yet broken up for the nesting season.

Mayhew 1947 Mar. 15 Lake Merritt, Oakland, Alameda Co., Calif. at 9:00 A.M. several of this species, among some other species, were baited up to the shore about 15 feet from us. At this range the red eye was easily seen. Their red, sloping head + white back were also easily seen. None of them would come up on the shore so that the legs could be seen. Even when very near the shore so that they could stand up in the water, they still seemed reluctant to do so, keeping the body in the water at all times. The female canvas-back has a much duller colored head, but the distinctive slope of the head was still present. The eye of the female was almost black. The ♂ didn't seem to be too interested in the ♀ yet. 1950 April 2 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. An injured ♂ was seen in the company of 1 ♂ + 2 ♀ Mallard in a dirt-lined irrigation ditch this morning. He was able to flop across the water, but could not fly.

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Coot Mayhew 1947 Mar. 15 Lake Merritt, Oakland, Alameda Co., Calif. At 10:25 A.M. a single Coot was seen preening about 40' out away. At this distance the white bill was very noticeable. When it began to swim, it went forward with a distinct rocking motion, thrusting its neck forward with each stroke. When it began to feed, it stood head first, waving its yellowish-green feet all the while its head was submerged. Only about 1/3 of the body remained above water when it fed. Occasionally, it merely stuck its head under water, apparently in shallow water where the head would reach food without submerging the rest of the body. At 10:42 AM, two individuals were seen about 30' away diving for food. They seemed to actually leave the water a dive head-first. One remained under 12 seconds, the other for 10 seconds, the first one again for 10 seconds. When they return to the surface, they seem to come up in a normal swimming position, not head first. They always give a shake of the head after emerging. 1950 May 16 Conoway Ranch, 2 mi east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. A nest with 4 eggs was found at the edge of some tules growing along an irrigation ditch. The nest is 1/4 mile north of the tin roof. The nest is built of dried tule stems forming a platform about 12 inches across the top & has the eggs about the same distance above the water. The eggs are light brown-

005 filed, to stand by 10:30 am. To proceed with the MA26:01 to clear the matter of TO from Tujoh. To ensure that all relevant parties are notified and informed. Further, to schedule a meeting between the two teams to discuss any issues or concerns regarding the project timeline. The meeting should be held at the earliest convenience of both parties. To confirm the details of the meeting with the respective team leads and to ensure that all necessary preparations are made in advance. To provide an update on the progress of the project and to address any outstanding issues or challenges that may have arisen since the last meeting. To finalize the action items from the previous meeting and to assign responsibilities for each task. To set a timeline for the completion of the remaining tasks and to ensure that all deliverables are submitted on time. To discuss any potential risks or obstacles that could impact the project's success and to develop mitigation strategies accordingly. To review the budget allocation and to make any necessary adjustments to ensure that the project remains within the allocated funds. To confirm the resources required for the completion of the project and to allocate them accordingly. To provide an update on the team's performance and to address any concerns or issues related to individual team members. To finalize the action items from the previous meeting and to assign responsibilities for each task. To set a timeline for the completion of the remaining tasks and to ensure that all deliverables are submitted on time. To discuss any potential risks or obstacles that could impact the project's success and to develop mitigation strategies accordingly. To review the budget allocation and to make any necessary adjustments to ensure that the project remains within the allocated funds. To confirm the resources required for the completion of the project and to allocate them accordingly. To provide an update on the team's performance and to address any concerns or issues related to individual team members. To finalize the action items from the previous meeting and to assign responsibilities for each task. To set a timeline for the completion of the remaining tasks and to ensure that all deliverables are submitted on time. To discuss any potential risks or obstacles that could impact the project's success and to develop mitigation strategies accordingly. To review the budget allocation and to make any necessary adjustments to ensure that the project remains within the allocated funds. To confirm the resources required for the completion of the project and to allocate them accordingly. To provide an update on the team's performance and to address any concerns or issues related to individual team members.

Mayhew 1950 Coot 2. May 16 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. about the color of a Plymouth Rock hen egg. They are spotted with small reddish-brown dots scattered rather uniformly over the entire egg, which is about the same size as a pheasant egg. May 20 When I visited the nest at 9:15AM, the eggs had disappeared, but the nest was still intact. (2) Another nest was found in the tule's at the edge of the pothole about 1 mile north of the old ranch headquarters. This nest had 7 eggs in it. It was constructed like the other one, keeping the eggs about a foot above the water. The bird was incubating when I found the nest, but flushed off when I approached to within 8 feet of the nest. Another nest about 30 feet away was made of tule stems out on the open water. It contained 1 chalky white egg about the size of a Coot egg, but I don't know to what species of bird to attribute it. (3) In the tules in the middle of the main drainage ditch at the extreme south- eastern end I found a nest with 6 eggs in it & about 50 yards farther east a nest with 3 eggs in it. May 30 (2) The ♀ is still incubating the eggs in this nest. Today the ♂ was swimming around in front of the nest.

Sandhill Crane Mayhew 1952 Feb. 15 4mi. S.E. of Thornton, San Joaquin Co., Calif. at 10 A.M. 6 birds were seen in the air flying west, followed by 4 more. Another 10 were seen shortly behind them. On the ground about 1/2 mile east of the road were seen 4 groups totaling 47 birds. Another 13 were seen flying in behind a row of trees or dropping to the ground about a mile from the road. The birds on the ground are standing still or feeding - very little activity on their part. Approximately 2 miles to the south-east of this group was found a group that numbered over 400 birds. When we arrived, some of them were performing their courtship dance. The birds would jump into the air about 4 feet with wings spread wide, others would have their heads down so that the bill nearly touched the ground, at the same time spreading the wings. The birds didn't seem to be performing for any particular bird, but rather it appeared more as a group dance. Only a few birds of the flock were performing. The remainder were standing quietly by or feeding. In a few moments all the birds were quiet. About 15 minutes later a few birds would dance for perhaps a minute, then stop. Somewhere else in the flock another group of 60 or so would begin to dance for about the same length of time. At times there would be an interval of 4 or 5 minutes when no birds would be dancing. Another flock arrived on the scene from the

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Mayhew 1952 Feb. 15 Sand hill Crane 4 mi. S.E. of Thornton, San Joaquin Co., Calif. South, so that the total number seen today has been at least 500 birds. At 10:45 A.M. a large flock to the south arose with an enormous amount of calling, which caused all the cranes within hearing distance to get in the air and add their bit to the commotion. Shortly, most of the birds settled in an open field & birds continued to come in from all sides and join the group. There were easily over 1000 birds in the air and settling on the ground. When we left the area at 2:20 P.M., most of the birds were still standing in the middle of the large open pasture where we first found the largest groups.

Mayhew 1947 June 7 Western Mourning Dove Woolsey Canyon, Alameda Co., Calif. At 9:50 A.M. we came upon 2 individuals sitting all humped up on branches of a live oak tree that had fallen over. They were only about 4 feet above the ground. We sat within 20 feet of them without disturbing them in the least. They were sitting about 18" apart on separate small branches, one facing north & the other one facing east. Dr. Miller approached & within 8 feet of them, & determined that they were young doves. When he approached a little closer, the nearest one flew about 6 feet to another branch. Then the remaining bird flew into a near-by tree. The nest from which they came was found in a little depression on a horizontal branch of the live oak, about 20 feet above the ground. The nest consisted of many sticks & some grass stems. The droppings of young doves were found in abundance. The branch itself formed the bottom of the nest, with a few branches across the bottom. As Dr. Miller saw the nest being built on May 3 (7 sticks at that time) it was rather surprising to find the young out of the nest already.

Mayhew 1947 April 26 Dowitcher Bay Farm Island, Alameda Co., Calif. a great many individual of this species were seen feeding along the shore-line. They followed the tide out, feeding out the farthest of any of the shorebirds. However, Hudsonian Curlews & Mailed Snodwits were seen feeding out as far as the Dowitchers. These birds wade out until the belly is almost touching the water, stick[illegible] head under water up to the eyes. They seem to be continually on the move, except when the head is in the water feeding. Some of them feed 6 or 8 feet up the beach from the water. They scatter up and down the beach in a long, thin line just along the edge of the water when feeding. The bill is much longer than that of the Knot, although the breasts are both reddish in breeding season. Also, the Knot feeds closer inshore than the Dowitchers usually do.

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Mayhew 1947 April 19 Ring-necked Duck Wildcat canyon, Contra Costa Co, Calif. At 10:30 A.M. a ♀ was seen swimming in Jewel Lake. It was dark brown on the back, darker head + neck, a light eye ring, a light patch at the base of the bill, + a ring of some light color near the tip of the bill. It swam with practically no effort, but moved through the water at a rather fast rate. It swam back and forth along the edge of the lake near the cat-tails, then went to the middle of the lake. 1.

Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 10:30 AM. one member of this species was found singing in the top of a digger pine. The characteristic song was repeated every few seconds until it flew. The flight was undulating; with rapid wing beats to gain the top of the path, then a downward glide. It has a dull chirping note that it gives when flying. Mar. 8 North end of stadium - one was seen in the top of a tree from which he sang for several seconds. His song is more melodious & not so jerky as as the song of the House Finch. May 3 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. a ♂ was seen feeding a ♀ in the top of a willow tree. The ♀ fluttered her wings & uttered several notes while the ♂ was feeding her.

Mayhew 1947 Olive-sided Flycatcher April 19 Wildcat Canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. at 8:15 A.M. several were heard singing from the tops of the surrounding trees. (-1). It sounds very similar to the Valley Wren. At 8:45A.M. one was seen at the very top of a eucalyptus tree. Occasionally, he would sally forth after insects. His breast was sharply divided into two grayish sides by a very light line down through the middle of the breast. June 7 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 9:13 A.M. one was heard singing, then was seen sitting in the top-most branch of eucalyptus tree — about 100 feet above the ground. At 9:14 A.M. it made a foraging flight out about 50 feet from the tree, then landed on a limb on the north side of the tree about 90 feet above the ground. It remained out on dead limbs, so that there was no foliage to obstruct its vision. It sang a song consisting of 3 notes, the middle one of which was considerably higher than the other two (-1). At 9:19 A.M. it flew to the top of another eucalyptus tree about 75 feet from the first one. At 9:20 A.M. he flew out about 100 feet from the tree, caught some kind of insect, then flew back to the tree.

Western Flycatcher Mayhew 1947 June 7 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. Campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 8:20 A.M. one individual was heard in a Madrone just behind Bowles Hall. It has a single, whistling note, higher pitched at the end. In a moment it flew into a live oak. It seemed to prefer the live oak area. It uttered this single note about every 4 seconds.

Mayhew 1949 June 5 Florida Gallinule Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. One adult + 2 young were seen swimming on a small pond in the middle of a barley field about 11 A.M. As soon as I was spotted, they swam to the bank. I circled the pond & approached the edge at the spot where they had hidden. The adult flew out with a single, harsh note, but the young had submerged near the bank. After standing motionless for about one minute, they both came to the surface about 3 feet from shore, uttering several notes as they did. I tried to catch them with my hands, but by the time I reached the spot where they arrived at the shore, they were so well hidden that I was unable to find them again. June 11 On my return to the pond today I saw both of the adults, but only one youngster seemed to be around. I saw no sign of the remains of the other one.

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Arkansas Gold finch 1. Mayhew 1947 June 7 Woolsey Canyon, Alameda Co., Calif. At 10:10 A.M. one was seen on a north-east branch of a live oak tree, about 25 feet above the ground. It used 2 notes more or less alternately. One was a whizzy wheeze, the other a more musical note of a higher pitch. At 10:13 A.M. it flew out of sight. at 10:15 A.M. it was seen again in another live oak tree. Occasionally it broke into its regular song, which sounded something like: tut-tut-tut-tut-tut, all on the same pitch, and very rapid.

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Mayhew 1949 July 10 Pied-billed Grebe Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. Today I found a nest in some tall tules in the large permanent ditch that runs from the headquarters area past the dog kennels. It is in the N.E corner of section 7. The ♀ was on the nest when I first found it. There was one youngster sitting on the edge of the nest at this time. The ♀ remained on the nest all the time I was watching it. When I returned with Mr. T. J. Taylor about an hour later, the ♀ was now where in sight, but the nest contained 4 youngsters + 2 eggs. The nest was made of old tules that had been anchored to the new growth. It was about 10 feet from the north bank. The eggs were a light grayish-blue. The youngsters were less than 48 hours old, I'm quite sure. They were black with white stripes running the length of the body, head, + neck. The bill was light red with a white spot near the tip on each side, with a tiny black nail at the very tip. The legs + feet are black, with the feet lobed. These youngsters were able to swim & dive a little already, but they were quite small + not able to take care of themselves very well. July 12 When I returned to the nest today, I found 6 young grebes swimming about

10 Today, I found a book about the large animals in the countryside that may have been endangered. I saw a rabbit and a fox, but no deer. I realized to go and visit the local farm to learn more about it. The farmer explained that there are many species of cattle on his farm, as well as chickens. He also mentioned that he grows wheat for sale. I went back to the farm and met with the owner, who told me he had a herd of cows and sheep. He showed me around the barn and let me pet a pig. I learned a lot about farming from this visit, including how they raise their animals for food. The farmer also mentioned that he has plans to expand his farm in the future.

Mayhew 1949 July 12 Pied-billed Grebe Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. 5 feet from the nest. Evidently the 2 remaining eggs had hatched since Sunday afternoon. The ? was close by. When I stopped the car, the 6 youngsters all tried to climb on the mothers back, while she waited patiently for them.

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Mayhew 1947 Mar. 15 Western Grebe Lake Merritt, Oakland, Alameda Co., Calif. At 10:15 A.M. one individual was seen very close to shore. He dove forward and went under water, returning to the surface 25 seconds later about 10 feet from when it went under. At 10:19 A.M. he dove again, coming up about 30' away 25 seconds later. At 10:35 A.M. one individual of this species was seen resting on the water. He had his neck pulled back swan-style, with the bill resting on the front of the neck. The head remained facing forward.

Black-headed Grosbeak Mayhew 1947 April 19 Wildcat Canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. At 9:55 A.M. one or was seen sitting near the top of a willow tree. He was very inactive, and sang only very occasionally. His song was rather discordant. It sounded some like a worn-out mockingbird. His black head, reddish breast, black wings with the white "windows" showed up very plainly. May 3 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. A ? was seen about 8' above the ground in a bush. It then flew down to the ground & picked up some edible substance, then flew to the top rail of a wooden fence. It sat rather still, moving its head from side to side occasionally, uttering a single note as it did so.

Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Red-tailed Hawk 7. Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 10:40 A.M. one individual flew low over us, giving a loud, harsh call.

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Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Allen's Hummingbird 1. Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 1:35 P.M. one individual was seen feeding from the flowers of an unknown bush. He lit on another bush with his back toward us so that the green back, reddish-brown tail + reddish-brown chute patches were easily seen. Mar. 8 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, at 9:25 A.M. one or was seen preforming his nuptial dive. He rose straight up in the air for about 50', then went into a fairly steep dive. At the bottom of the dive a whirring sound was heard, quite different from the noise made by the Anna's Hummer. at 10:10 A.M. one individual was seen hanging on the bottom of a limb like a chickadee.

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Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Anna's Hummingbird 1. Strawberry Canyon, U.C. Campus, Alameda Co., Calif. About 9:25 A.M. one individual was seen at the top of a dead cypress, giving his buzzing call. Each time he called, his very small tail would bob down under the body. about 9:45 A.M. a nest of this species was found near the cypress where the other specimen was found. The nest was in a branch on the north-west of a pine tree about 3' from the tip of the branch. The branch was about 30' above the ground. The nest was about 2" in diameter, and in not too protected a spot. The ? was on the nest at the time. at 2:15 P.M. a single ? was sitting quietly on the top branch of a small tree about 25 feet above the ground. The red forehead and green tail + back could be seen. He flew away for a few minutes, than returned, flipping his wings + tail nervously for several seconds after returning to his perch. He also uttered several high, grating notes upon returning to his perch. He turned his head from side to side very frequently. The throat and forehead looked black at certain angles, brilliant bronzy-red at other angles. There appeared to be a light patch directly below the eye & just behind the spot where the bronzy-red ends. There is also a small white spot just below the throat & a small white patch near the bend of the wing.

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Mayhew 1947 Mar.1 Anna's Hummingbird 2. Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. He remained silent for several minutes, than finally began his rasping song — buzzzz buzzzz buzzzz buzzzz. He varied the notes somewhat occasionally.

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Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 California Jay 1. Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. About 9:15 A.M. one specimen arrived with an undulating flight, alighting in the willow tree close by. He gave his nervous call for several seconds from this position.

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Mayhew 1947 Stellar's Jay June 7 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 8:35 A.M. one lit in the tree directly overhead. It uttered a series of harsh notes as it moved about in the tree. Then it uttered several notes that I couldn't have told from a Red-tailed Hawk. Over a period of 15 minutes, it gave forth were a great variety of notes that I couldn't begin to describe.

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Oregon Juneo Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus — Alameda Co., Calif. 2 birds resting on edge of stadium (north end). One flew to a black locust, where, after a few seconds of exchanging tips, the other also flew to the same tree. Time: 8:15 A.M. At 8:35 A.M. 3 juncos were seen feeding in short grass in an old road-way in company with several Brown Towhees. The juncos tolerated others of the same species to feed very close, nor did they pay any attention to the Towhees when they approached very near. More of the flock appeared, as did a Calif. Jay. Occasionally, something would startle them so that they would immediately retreat within the shelter of bushes close by (about 50' away). One began to feed on grass about 10' away, but was soon startled away. The birds usually move as a flock, the formation is rather loose, however. Although there is an integrat- ation of color, the ♂ tends to have a darker head than the ♀. April 12 At 10:20 A.M. one bird was seen about 2' above the ground on a small bush. We approached to within about 10' of it before it decided to move.

Mayhew 1949 June 5 Killdeer Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. A killdeer nest was found early this afternoon in the gravel between the tire tracks of a road along the main canal, just east of the large blackbird swamp. The rocks had been moved around enough to make room for the 4 eggs that were present. There was no attempt whatever at concealment of the nest. The eggs were brownish clay-colored, with a great deal of black scattered over the eggs. It looked as though they might have been sprinkled with tar (but, of course, they hadn't been). The ? went directly to the nest while I was standing in the open only 40 feet from it. June 11 On looking at the same nest today, I found only one egg remaining, & it was broken. There was no evidence of the other eggs about. The ? was gone. June 26 A nest with 3 eggs was found this morning along the drainage ditch road in the gravel. 1950 April 26 At 6:45 this morning I startled 1 individual from the road in front of me. It circled back to the same spot, so I stopped the car & watch. A moment later a 2nd bird landed beside the 1st one. About 5 seconds later the ? hopped on the back of the ?, She stood in a normal standing position, while he stood on her back. There was no movement on the part of either of

Killdeer 2. Maylew 1950 April 26 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. them for approximately 20 seconds. Suddenly the or dipped his tail beneath here for not more than 4 or 5 seconds, then jumped to the ground. Both of them then wiggled their tails, fluffed their feathers and ran off the side of the road. 1 a nest containing 4 eggs was found about 2 feet north of the road on top of the levee forming the south boundary of the ranch. The eggs were in a depression in the ground, surrounded by many small rocks about the size of the eggs. I startled the ? off the nest as I drove by, but by stopping about 50 yards beyond, the ? returned to the nest, by which means I was able to find it. April 27 2 a ? is in the process of making her nest in the gravel between the tire tracks on the main levee road about 1 mile south of headquarters. She seems to push the pebbles with her breast to make a depression in the sand and pebbles. I saw her use a foot to push a pebble out behind her. On examination of the nest I find a depression about 2 inches deep, going right down to the solid soil beneath. This is the deepest nest I have yet seen for a killdeer. 3 Another killdeer nest with 4 eggs in it was found at the south edge of the paved road along the drainage ditch about 1/2 mile east of the poleline bridge (north side of ditch).

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Mayhew 1950 Killdeer 3. May 7 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. 3 The bird with the nest near the pipeline road stayed on the nest when the wheels of the car passed 3 feet from the nest. I was driving very slowly at the time, trying to see the nest as I drove by. 2 The nest between the car tracks was decent before any eggs were laid. The rocks had been thrown around by cars passing so much, I was unable to find the exact spot of the nest, even though I had a marker at the edge of the road. 1 The nest at the edge of the north levee road had lost all four eggs. The shell fragments were so small, I couldn't tell whether incubation had been completed, or if some predator had found the nest. 4 Another nest was found in the gravel at the edge of the road on the west bank of the drainage ditch about 1/2 way along the southern arm of the ditch. This nest contained 4 eggs, all of them with the small ends pointing toward the middle of the nest. May 13 5 a nest with 1 egg in it was found beside the road on the west side of the main drainage ditch. It is about 200 yards north of where the drainage ditch turns to the east again. The nest is in gravel about 3 feet from the nearest tire track. 4 The nest about 300 yards north of this

Killdeer Mayhew 1950 May 13 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. one - the one found May 7th had the yellow remains of broken eggs showing on the rocks around the nest. None of the eegs were left. May 16 The nest with 1 egg May 13 now has 2 eggs. (This is nest #5.) May 20 This nest now has a full complement of 5) 4 eggs. The ? was at the nest when I arrived. 6) About 100 yards north of #5 I found a nest between the tire tracks with 1 egg in it. As there is very little chance of the ? succeeding in bringing off a brood in such a spot, I made a nest as nearly like it as I could at the east side of the road, just 6 feet from the present nest, + placed the egg in my nest, leaving the other nest intact. As soon as I left, the ? returned to the old nest of hers + stood beside it for the 10 minutes I watched her with binoculars from the car. May30 A nest with 4 eggs in it was found on 7) the south bank of the main drainage ditch about 1 1/2 miles east of the pipeline bridge. It was found at 2 P.M. + the ? returned to the nest just as soon as I left it. 6) The egg I had moved to the side of the road had been broken, apparently by

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Mayhew 1947 Western Kingbird 1. May 29 Crows Landing Highway, 9 miles south of Modesto, Stanislaus, Calif. At 6:20 P.M. this evening I found a nest about 30 feet above the ground on the south-west side of a Cedrus deodara tree. The branch was horizontal to the ground, & the nest was about 10 feet from the trunk.. Both parents were bringing food to the young birds in the nest, but I wasn't able to distinguish which adult was which. Only one adult would be at the nest at a time, but once in a while one would arrive just as the other one was leaving. As the nest was so high above the ground, I wasn't able to see the youngsters in the nest. The nest, as near as I could tell with binoculars, was composed entirely of dried grass stems. It was about 6 inches in diameter (outside), but rather shallow. I could see light through the nest near the edges.

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Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Ruby-crowned Kinglet 1. Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. About 9:15 A.M. one solitary individual was seen feeding in a small conifer. 2 white patches in the wings were easily seen. The bird moved about continually, and just as continually opened & shut its wings. at 10:15 a solitary individual was found feeding in the outer branches of a live oak. It moved continually within the leafy parts of branches. The wings are constantly in motion. at 1:45 P.M. two individuals were feeding in separate parts of a single oak. There was a nervous, constant fluttering of wings and a continual moving about in search of food. The feeding took place mostly within 10 feet of the ground.

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Mayhew 1947 April 26 Knot Bay Farm Island, Alameda Co., Calif. At 6:45 A.M. several of this species were seen feeding along near the edge of the water. One individual was seen feeding on a high section of dry ground. The bill is much shorter than that of the Dowitcher, although the reddish breast is noticeable in both species.

Mayhew 1947 Mar. 9 Mockingbird 1. Crows Landing Highway, 9 miles south of Modesto, Stanislaus Co., Calif. at 11:35 A.M. one individual lit on a fence post about 30' from the house. It fobbed its tail twice after alighting, then remained still, except to move its head occasionally. After six minutes on the post, it flew away. at 11:43 A.M. the bird appeared again, flying down to the ground, grabbing an insect in its bill, and flying into a rose bush & devour it. It gulped several times before completely swallowing the insect. Then it wiped its bill several times on the branch of the rose-bush on which it was standing.

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Barn Owl Mayhew 1950 April 20 Davis campus, Univ. of Calif., Yolo Co., Calif. An adult was seen sitting on the top of a drain pipe just under the eaves of Animal Science Building. The pipe is half way along the south wall of the north wing of the building. I first saw the bird yesterday, + removed the pellets at the base of the pipe. Today one pellet was found with 1 skull + several bones of a pocket gopher (Thomomys bottae). April 21 Today I collected 3 pellets from this owl. The contents were: #1 4 mandibles (mus) 2 innominates 3 ulnas 2 scapulae 4 tibia-fibulae 1 humerus 6 bones of young pocket gopher (Thomomys) #2 2 skulls (Thomomys) 3 mandibles 3 scapulae 3 innominates 4 femurs 4 ulnas 4 tibia-fibulae 3 humeri 1 atlas 22 ribs These 2 pellets were collected at 8:30 A.M. #3 1 skull (Thomomys) 2 mandibles 2 humeri 2 tibias 2 femurs 2 ulnas 1 atlas 1 cervical vertebra 2 innominates 2 radii 2 scapulae This one collected at 2:15 P.M.

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Mayhew 1950 Barn Owl 2. April 22 Davis campus, Univ. of Calif., Yolo Co., Calif. Today there were no pellets to collect.

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Mayhew 1947 June 7 Great Horned Owl Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 8:33 A.M. one was seen sitting on a dead branch of a [illegible] eucalyptus tree. He flew as soon as he saw us, to another eucalyptus tree about 200' away. He sat on the branch facing east. He sat in an upright position, occasionally turning his head. The branch on which he sat was about 40 feet above the ground. We approached to within 150 feet of the tree in which he was seen, but we didn't seem to disturb it. With binoculars, one could easily see the "horns" of feathers projecting above each side of the head. The breast was noticeably barred, the back mottled. On both the limbs on which it sat, it was rather exposed. However, the day was completely overcast, which may explain its seemingly unusual behavior. Other than turning its head, it made no movements at all that were visible from where we sat. At 8:55 A.M., as we approached the first owl, a second made its appearance, landing in a tree about 50 feet from the tree in which the other owl was sitting. A moment later the first owl flew out of my sight.

"[illegible]" and "[illegible]" products: It's all right to be on the other side of the wall, but it is not right to have your own children. It is not right to have your own children if you are not going to raise them yourself. If you do not raise your own children, then you should not have any more children at all. And if you do not have any more children, then you should not have any more grandchildren either. It is also important to remember that we live in a world where everyone has their own problems and challenges, so it's very difficult for anyone to help out another person when they themselves are struggling with their own issues. We need to work together as a community to support each other through these times of hardship and uncertainty. We must not forget that every individual is valuable and deserves respect from others around them. In conclusion, let us strive towards building a better society by fostering compassion, understanding, and mutual aid among all members of our community.

Mayhew 1949 Pheasant June 12 II Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. I found a hen on a nest in a barley field while looking for mallard nests. My feet were within 3 feet of the nest when I saw her. I stood there for about 3 minutes without the hen making any move. Then I started to reach down to catch her to band. She flushed when my hands were about 2 feet from her back. The nest contained 9 eggs. It was composed mostly of straw, with a few feathers added. The nest is 23 paces south of a flag on the ditch bank. Late this afternoon I saw a hen with 10 half-grown young run into the road in front of me. The young were old enough to fly quite well. The entire group flew back across the canal. June 15 2 While riding a harvester in a barley field I found one nest containing 6 eggs. However, it was destroyed by a wheel of the harvester. 3 Another nest was uncovered containing 3 eggs. It was not harmed by the harvester, but appeared to have been deserted at an earlier date. One old nest was found after the young had gone. There was 1 egg remaining, + there appeared to be the remains of 8 other eggs.

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Mayhew 1949 Pheasant June 18 2 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. 4 young pheasants, nearly as large as an adult & flushed from the weeds along a ditch bank. 3 This nest still had 3 eggs, but there was no evidence of the & having returned to it. 4 2 drop eggs were found in the barley. This was a nest with 3 eggs that was uncovered by the harvester. One egg was robin's egg blue, one shaped like a football, the other one looked normal. The hen flushed from the nest when we came by - the nest had been exposed by another harvester a short while earlier. On our next round she was looking for the nest about 15 feet from the standing grain. On our next round she was farther out in the cut area. 5 This nest had 11 eggs in it, but 4 of them had been broken. 8 pheasant eggs had been deposited on the bare ground in a barley field - it were in one group, 4 in another group about 2 feet away. There was no indication of a nest. June 19 3 3 half-grown pheasants were flushed from the weeds along a ditch bank. There was no & present. 1 The & had gone. 2 eggs apparently had hatched, 2 were on the point of

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Mayhew 1949 Pheasant 3. June 19 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. hatching (were piped), 4 & 5 were intact. All of these were on the verge of hatching. Eight eggs were found in a nest. There were a number of pheasant feathers about 3 feet from the nest, but no bones could be found. The eggs had already spoiled by the time I had found them. The nest had been uncovered by the harvester, but had not been harmed. June 21 A nest was uncovered in which all but 3 eggs had hatched. The embryos in those 3 were nearly ready to hatch also, if given a chance. Another nest was found - all eggs but 1 had hatched. It contained a large embryo. June 23 2 young pheasants about 4 weeks old, & an adult & ran back into the barley from the stubble. * 5 A ? with 4 chicks about 3 weeks old were seen running in the stubble. I caught 2 of them & painted the entire upper mandibles (except the nares) bright red, then released them. [5] A ? was flushed from 9 eggs by the harvester. The nest was undamaged. [6] A ? was flushed from a nest containing 9 eggs that had been uncovered by a "push-header" harvester the day before. The nest was within 10 feet of a ditch,

Mayhew 1949 Pheasant June 23 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Cal.f. but was actually in the barley. The nest was undamaged by either harvester. June 25 [5] all 9 eggs were still in the nest, but the ♀ failed to return. Embryos about 1/3 through development. June 26 [6] This nest had been run over by one of the trucks that collect the grain from the harvester. All eggs were broken. July 9 [6] a ♀ and 8 half-grown young flew up from a levee between rice checks & moved to some fallow ground about 100 yards north. This was in the NW corner of section 19. July 12 [7] a ♀ + 7 young large enough to fly were flushed from the weeds at the top of a ditch bank in the south west portion of section 20. July 19 [8] a ♀ + 4 young about the size of the mother flushed from the north bank of the main drainage ditch this morning. [9] 4 youngsters about 1/2 the size of a ♀ flushed from the weeds along the road just north of the reservoir. July 21 [10] Two ♀ + 1 youngster big enough to fly were flushed from a ditch bank east of the main canal. I could scare out no other young. [7] a ♀ was flushed from a nest on the north bank of the main drainage ditch

Pheasant Mayhew 1949 July 21 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. just east of the last turn in the ditch. There were 5 eggs in the nest, but one of them was broken. (SE corner of section 29). July 23 2 ♀ seen without broods. July 24 A ♀ with 2 chicks about 7 weeks old were seen this afternoon. a ♀ with 1 chick about 9 weeks old was flushed near the reservoir. July 26 This morning while making a mallard census of the S.W. quarter of section 19, I flushed 1 ♂ + 2 lone ♀ from the rice levees. a ♀ with 2 chicks about 9 weeks old were also flushed. Aug. 4 The ♀ apparently hatched 3 young in this nest, as there remains only 1 infertile egg + the shells of the 3 other eggs. Nov. 12 At 6 A.M. Don Held & I each walked the harvested rice fields to get a sex ratio of pheasants on the ranch. This was about 1/2 hour before sunrise, & as the area was very damp from dew + rain, few pheasants were found here. We each covered about 100 acres of rice stubble, but found only 21 birds together. However, a fair number were found on fallow ground, where the birds apparently had gathered to get warm & keep dry. In all, we saw 76 pheasants — 15 ♂, 61 ♀, for a 1:4 sex ratio of birds seen.

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Mayhew 1949 6. Pheasant Nov. 15 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Cal.f. This afternoon Ed Little & I covered some rice stubble, irrigated pasture, & fallow ground in an effort & count more pheasants & increase the validity of the sex ratio I've been trying & obtain. By the time it was dark, we had counted 27 cocks and 34 hens. Added & previous counts, this makes 42 ? & 95 ?. Nov. 16 Starting at 2 P.M. today I walked over rice stubble & along ditch banks & count more birds. In all, I counted 41 ? and 41 ?. This brings the total & 219 birds -- 83 ? and 136 ?. This would be a ratio of 61:100, which is quite low before the season opens. Nov. 18 Dr. Leopold counted some birds this morning, & Lee Baldock counted some yesterday, so that the sex ratio count ended with 371 birds. Of these, 162 were ?, 209 were ?. This gives a final sex ratio of 78?:100 ?. As this was the opening day of pheasant season, a number of freshly killed birds were weighed & aged. In all, 79 birds were measured. There were 40 adult birds, 39 young birds, for a per cent young of 49.3 %. 120 hunters checked in, with a total of 160 birds, averaging 1.3 birds/ hunter. The weights ranged from 775 grams & 1425 grams.

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Mayhew 1949 Pheasant 16. Nov. 27 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Cal. Date No. hunters reporting Reported kill Birds aged by bursa Adult Young Percent Young Nov. 18 138 175 79 40 39 49.3 Nov. 19 100 114 64 36 28 43.7 Nov. 20 83 84 37 17 20 54.0 Nov. 21 43 57 - - - Nov. 22 47 64 - - - Nov. 23 38 38 - - - Nov. 24 26 30 15 5 10 66.6 Nov. 25 38 32 12 5 7 58.3 Nov. 26 40 47 23 4 19 82.6 Nov. 27 49 76 30 8 22 73.3 Total 602 717 260 115 145 55.7

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Mayhew 1949 Pheasant 17. Nov. 27 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. Birds aged Percent young Sample taken 1st 5 days of season 180 48.3 Sample taken last 5 days of season 80 72.5 Whole season 260 55.7 1950 Feb. 26 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. This afternoon I was within 8 feet of a partly albino ♂. I saw him hiding on the levee of the main ditch about 100 yards north of the picnic ground. His back was a silvery gray, as was also his tail feathers. When I got that close to him, he flushed so that I wasn't able to see any more detail than that. March 19 Today Dr. Leopold brought 30 members of his Wildlife Management class up to the ranch for a sex ratio pheasant census. We ran the census through rice stubble, along tule-filled ditches, through old star tistle patches, and open ground. The results were as follows: 1) ♂, 28 ♀, 1 unknown; 2) 9 ♂, 39 ♀; 3) 12 ♂, 69 ♀, 1 unknown. This comes to a total of 22 ♂, 136 ♀, 2 unknown, or a ratio of 16 ♂ to 100 ♀. May 16 a hen with 5 young was seen this afternoon. The young were able to fly a short distance.

Conway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland (Cay) P4 Birds aged Percent young 180 5.83 80 2.27 60 7.22 Sample taken 131 August 002692 to 2y6b/2 Sample taken 1201 August 002692 to 2y6b/2 Whole 002692 August Conway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland (Cay) 07 This afternoon I was within a mile or so north along a road. About noon at 15 level left on Anwar going to the store. On my way as young females to new shed all felt tag 8 milo, military list oil also 2 felt as belong to, and P each listado from yro ez P llo thaws felt well To autumn of thernal blocket, in park P1. but P qu oalo trneganot sllibilo ait ovane tinarcly aiter xez 2 yof foner allhite sein lqvarnt ovane atx ver 2 (i) nate ble lqvarnt, artilo billif-alut yrolo ait, knwar migo hno, ailteag allist manmul, 7:22, 61 0 : -walfy an new attuaver aitt . manmul, 29d, 5.51 2 : 9Pc 9 3 manmul 5, 9:81, 5x ye latat a P omeros 7 091 of 5d1 to atar a ve ovutto ait unze san yung 2 thin mit D ematioa trels a ff P elba ear fnug all

Mayhew 1950 Pheasant 18. May 16 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. They were about the size of adult blackbirds. The entire group ran across the road in front of me. May 30 (2) a brood of 8 young [illegible] without a ♀ flew across the road in front of me as I was walking back to the car. One of them flew into a barbed wire fence + was dead by the time I reached it. I was unable to scare any more birds out of the weed patch from which they had flushed. About 30 yards away in a weed patch I found the remains of a ♀ pheasant that had been eaten by some animal. May 31 (3) a brood of 8 youngsters about 2 weeks old was flushed from a weed patch. No ♀ was with them. One youngster about 1 week old was found dead in a crack in the ground. It had apparently fallen in + couldn't climb out again. June 14 (4) This morning a ♀ with 8 young about 10 days old were flushed from the road side about ½ mile west of the dog kennels. A short distance farther east a ♀ and 1 youngster about 3 weeks old was seen. (5) June 15 (6) a ♀ + 6 young ½ as large as the ♀ were seen on the east side of the main canal 2 miles north of the causeway.

Pheasant 19. Mayhew 1950 July 1 (7) Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. a ♀ with 1 youngster about ½ grown was seen today along a ditch bank. July 11 (8) a ♀ and 1 youngster better than ½ the size of the ♀ was flushed from a ditch bank. (9) a ♂, ♀ + 1 youngster about 4 weeks old were flushed from the side of the road. July 12 This morning, from 7 to 9 A.M., Lee Baldock, Paul Tillman & I made a road census of broods. The area covered was from the main canal west to the west boundary of the ranch and from the road beside new headquarters south to old headquarters. The total birds seen was 161. Of this number, 4 were ♂, 22 were ♀ + 135 were young. Nearly all the young were approximately ½ grown. The individual tallies were: ♀ young - + 2 1 + 3 4 + 38 - + 6 1 + 0 1 + 0 1 + 5 1 + 12 1 + 3 - + 3 3 + 1 2 + 11 ♀ young 2 + 8 1 + 0 - + 5 2 + 18 1 + 5 1 + 14 - + 1 22 + 135

to 25019 [illegible] energy + 8 8 + 5 0 + 1 2 + - 18 + 3 2 + 1 41 + 1 1 + - ---- 132 + 26 energy - 5 5 + - 3 + 1 38 + + 0 / + - 0 + 1 0 + 1 2 + 1 13 + 1 3 + 1 3 + - 1 + 3

Mayhew 1950 Pheasant 20. July 12 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. This evening, from 7:30 to 8:30 P.M., Lee & I made a census south of new headquarters & mostly east of the main canal. The total count was 17 ♀, 69 young, & 4 ♂. The breakdown was as follows: ♀ young 1 + 6 1 + 5 1 + 4 2 + 1 2 + 0 1 + 3 1 + 4 1 + 5 - + 2 - + 11 2 + 8 4 + 18 1 + 2 The majority of these were about ½ grown. July 13 This morning from 8 to 10:30 AM. we censused the By-pass area north of new headquarters and northwest of new head-quarters. We saw a total of 7 ♂, 24 ♀, & 115 young. The breakdown is as follows: By-pass ♀ young 4 + 22 - + 14 1 + 1 - + 2 1 + 6 1 + 1 1 + 2 N.W. of Headquarters ♀ young 2 + 1 4 + 5 5 + 34 1 + 7 1 + 4 3 + 16 The majority of these were approximately ½ grown.

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Mayhew 1950 Pheasant 21. July 13 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. The total count of the past two days census is 15 ♀♂, 63 ♀, +319 young. This averages 5.0 young/hen, and 10 ♀ to 4.2 ♂. 1953 June 4 Today 11 broods were seen while I was searching for mallard broods. All of them were able to fly at this time. 1949 June 11 [illegible]

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Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Black Phoebe Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. Two individuals of this species were seen about 10:45 A.M. on fence posts in back of the experimental dairy barns. They were feeding in the air, occasionally lighting on electric wires nearby. When sitting, they bob their tails rather frequently. They would also alight on low, solitary weed stalks, from which they would sally forth after insects. 1949 June 11 Pierce Ranch, 4 miles west of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. Tonight Keith Severin caught a female on her nest for me to band. The nest is built on top of a pipe just under the eaves of a house. He was able to catch her with his hands while she was sitting on the nest, even without the use of a flashlight. When he replaced her on the nest after banding, he shone a flashlight in her eyes & slowly backed away. She didn't flinch from the nest after the light was turned off.

Say Phoebe Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. One individual was heard & later seen sitting cross-wise on the top wire of a fence. It moves its head rather continually, but doesn't seem as active as the Black Phoebe. From the back, one notices the dark tail & lighter colored back. It has a distinctive flip to the tail, spreading it with a quick movement, like the opening of a fan.

Mayhew 1947 April 26 Semi-palmated Plover Bay Farm Island, Alameda Co., Calif. A fairly large number of this species were seen staying quite a ways up the bank from the water's edge. I did not see any of them ever get into the edge of the water. They seemed to stay the farthest from the water of any of the shorebirds seen, with the possible exception of the Black-bellied Plover. They take 3 or 4 steps, stand perfectly still, with one foot hardly touching the ground, then suddenly pick something up in the bill, and run 3 or 4 more steps, when the same procedure is followed. Once in a while, one or another of them tilt the tail up, spreading the rectrices, turn the head down, and charge another member of the same species. It appears to be related to courtship.

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Maghew 1947 June 7 California Quail 1. Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 9:25 A.M. one σ & one ♀ were seen slowly climbing the side of a hill. They use their legs alternately, like a man. The ♀ was following the σ? Woolsey Canyon, Alameda Co., Calif. at 10:36 A.M. a ♀ was flushed from her nest in the side of a dry stream bed. It was rather well concealed by vegetation, chiefly poison oak. The nest was lined with dried grass stems. It was about 6 inches in diameter, in a depression in the ground. The nest contained 5 blunt-pointed eggs about 1½" long & very thick at one end. The eggs were white with light brown spots over it, especially at the point of the large end. Soapweed & poison oak were the main plants concealing the nest, but there was also a good deal of Diplacus growing near it. Nov. 6 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. A search was made on the north slope of the canyon below the cyclotron most of the afternoon, but no quail were seen or heard. Nov. 15 Today a search was made up & down the entire north slope of the canyon in suitable quail territory. Two birds were flushed, but flew into a thicket around a projection of land and disappeared. Other than this, no quail were seen. Nov. 19 This morning was spent wandering along near strawberry creek up in the canyon, but no

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Mayhew 1947 California Quail 2 Nov. 19 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. quail were seen. I could find no evidence along the creek as to where they came & drink. I was trying & see if they used any one particular spot each time, or if they just drank at random. Nov. 26 I spent a couple of hours this morning looking for quail on big-C hill, but with no success. Dec. 7 I spent this afternoon looking for quail in the canyon just east of the poultry labs. On the north side of the canyon. No quail were seen. Dec. 13 Quail have been seen in the botanical gardens several times by other students, so I spent the afternoon looking through areas that should support quail, but without results. Dec. 14 I spent the day wandering through the canyon, hoping & finally see some quail, but I had no luck. I didn't even hear one.

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California Clapper Rail Mayhew 1947 April 26 Bay Farm Island, Alameda Co., Calif. At 7:40 A.M. one individual was seen feeding under a hummock. He walked leisurely along the edge of the bank, occasionally picking up bits of food. He walked much like a barnyard hen. The reddish bill and the rust on the sides of the breast were noticeable.

Mayhew 1947 April 28 Western Robin 1. 2520 College Ave. Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. a pair of Robins were seen carrying food to their young in a nest just in front of the house. The nest is about 20' above the ground on the west side of a hack-eye tree. It is firmly lodged between three strong branches, about 1/3 of the distance from the center of the tree & its periphery. It seems to be composed of string, and dried grasses of various types. The nest is fairly well protected by foliage all around and above it, but it is easily seen from below. May 6 6:15 P.M. the adults were seen arriving with food at this time of the evening, even though it appears to be sun-down (clouds are very heavy in the west). May 7 Both parents are feeding the young, but they are never at the nest together. They both approach the nest from the south, usually landing on a branch of a sycamore tree about 60' away before coming in to the nest. If one bird is already at the nest, the other waits in the sycamore until the coast is clear, then flies directly to the nest. U.C.campus, Alameda Co., Calif. a nest, composed entirely of dried grasses, was found about 30 feet above the ground on the north- west side of a Persea lingue tree, near the circle at Oxford Street. The nest contains 3 greenish- blue eggs. One of the parents was on the nest at 9:10 A.M., but neither was to be seen at

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Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 2. May 7 U.C. campus, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. 2:10 P.M. when I looked again. The weather is fairly warm, so apparently it is all right to leave the eggs alone for a while. May 8 It appears that incubation has begun because one of the parents was seen on the nest every time I looked at it today. I looked at the nest at 9:05 A.M., 11:55 A.M., 2:10 P.M. + 6:10 P.M., and the bird had apparently not changed position all this time. 2520 College Ave, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. at 3:00 P.M. I began watching the parent birds bringing food to the young in the nest in the hack-eye tree. The food this afternoon has consisted of worms of unidentified species and some corolla petals of the hack-eye tree. The young are almost completely covered with down now, and are able to stand up and flap their wings a little. They can be seen exercising and primping their small feathers between trips by the parents. at 3:55 P.M. one of the parents left after bringing some food. As yet, there has been no sign of the other bird arriving. at 4:13 P.M. one of the parents landed in a tree about 120' south of the nest. On four stages it arrived at the nest a minute and a half later. It landed in the tree about 30 feet from the nest before it actually went to the nest, at this point, the young stood up and uttered a series of rolling notes. The parent had the young seed pod of some.

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Mayhew 1947 May 8 Western Robin 3. 2520 College Ave, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. unidentified plant in its bill for food for the young. It remained at the nest less than a minute, flying again to the south. At 4:18 P.M. it returned, with the young clamoring as before when it neared the tree. A person walked by on the sidewalk beneath before the parent had a chance to feed the young. It returned in about a minute, however, and got rid of the food. About 30 seconds later, it left the nest & landed on the lawn in front of me. It carried them & the caught two earthworms & carried them to the nest. Now both parents are on the lawn catching worms. One is one the grass catching worms while the other one is at the nest feeding the young. They stay on the nest only long enough to get rid of the worms, then back to the lawn. At each trip, the young flutter their wings and utter those scolding notes. At 4:28 P.M. the or took a load of worms to the young while the ? was gathering more worms on the lawn. The instant he left the nest, she was on the way to it. Both of them have always approached the nest from the south so far. Usually they also leave in the same direction, although twice one of them left toward the north west. The parents stand motionless on the grass, their heads cocked over to one side. Suddenly they will make a lunge and pull a struggling worm out of the ground. They will beat the worm against the ground

Mayew 1947 Western Robin 4. May 8 2520 College Ave., Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. until it stopps wiggling, then stand motionless again until they locate another worm. Sometimes they drop 2 or 3 worms on the ground in order to pull another one out of the ground. Then they collect up all the dead worms they have dropped. When they get their bills full, they take the load to the nest, provided the other parent isn't already there. In that case, they wait patiently until the first bird leaves the nest. May 9 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. 9:10 A.M. an adult is still sitting on the nest, and is still facing east (Oxford Circle nest). 3:15 P.M. The adult is still on the nest, facing east. May 10 8:00 A.M. The adult is still facing east on the nest, at 12:10 P.M. the adult is still facing east on the nest. As yet, no sign of the other bird has been seen, at 6:10P.M. the adult is still facing east on the nest. May 12 9:15 A.M. The adult is still facing east on the nest, at 12:20 P.M. the adult is still facing east on the nest. May 13 at 12:30 P.M. the adult is still facing east on the nest. at 6:15 P.M. the adult is still facing east on the nest. May 14 at 8:10 A.M. the adult is still facing east on the nest, at 3:10 P.M. the adult is still facing east on the nest. at 6:10 P.M. the adult is still facing east

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Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 5. May 14 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. on the nest, Still no sign of the other parent. at 6:20 P.M. I located another Robin's nest that apparently has just been completed. [illegible] it is about 12' above the ground on the east side of a Deodora tree just south of Hilgard Hall. May 15 at 1:50 P.M. an adult was seen to fly to the top of LSB with some food in its bill. it uttered low, clicking notes-3 or 4 at a time - at irregular intervals varying from 1 second to 10 seconds. Each time it uttered one of these notes, it bobbed its tail in a very pronounced manner. at 2:01 P.M. it flew to a near by tree and was lost from sight. May 16 at 9:00 A.M. when I arrived at the nest in the Deodora tree, I found one of the adults standing at the edge of the nest. It remained motionless for several minutes. at 9:16 A.M., the other parent, which was the ♀, chased the ♂ from the nest & proceeded to sit upon it, facing N.W. The ♂ flew to the ground about 30' from the tree & began the job of catching worms. The nest is constructed entirely of dried glass stems, at least on the outside. As yet, I haven't been able to determine how the nest is lined. At 9:37 A.M. a luck-tit began foraging in the branches within 10' of the nest without seeming to disturb the bird on the nest.

Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 6. May 16 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 9:35 A.M. a pair of Brown Towlees began & feed directly below the nest, This didn't seem & bother the bird on the nest either. at 9:38 A.M. the bird left the nest & flew away & the east, At 9:39 A.M. one of the adults (I couldn't tell which one) returned & stood at the edge of the nest. At 9:40 A.M. th& ? returned to the nest from the south & chased the or away again. The ? stood at the edge of the nest a few seconds, then sat upon the nest again, facing north-west, a moment later, a Song Sparrow lit upon a limb about 12' from the nest, but there was no reaction on the part of the bird on the nest. At 9:48 A.M. the ? left the nest again, returning a few seconds later. She now sat on the nest facing west. The nest is located on a secondary branch about 1 1/2" in diameter, about 12" from the junction of the main branch. It is about 2/3 of the distance from the trunk to the periphery of the tree. The nest has an outside diameter of about 6", & is about 8" high, counting the material beneath the branch. at 9:59 A.M. the ? was preening her feathers while still on the nest. Once she stood up in the nest & preen her tail feathers. She shifted her position on the nest as she preened her feathers, At 10:03 A.M. She stopped preening & remained facing in a

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Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 7. May 16 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. north-west direction. At 10:10 A.M. she left the nest, flying in a south-west direction. A moment later the or appeared from a tree about 150' away. He perched on the south edge of the nest. The ? was digging for worms about 100' from the nest. While sitting at the edge of the nest, the or uttered a weak, rather broken series of notes. They were so weak that at first I thought they were coming from a much greater distance. The notes went something like this: N N N. They were repeated over & over, then there was a break for a period of from 1 to 8 sec. between beginning again. Sometimes they increased in volume, but not often. At 10:18 A.M. the ? returned, chasing the or away with a couple of notes. She lit about a foot from the nest, then settled on it, facing south. At 10:30 A.M. she shifted her position so that she was facing north. The or was in the centre of the tree singing a series of rather musical notes somewhat like a mockingbird's. At 10:40AM he flew to a tree about 150' feet south of the nest, at 10:43 A.M. the ? stood up in the nest and seemed to shift the eggs a little. Then she settled back to her original position facing north. At 10:45 A.M. she began preening her feathers again, still staying on the nest. She stood up to preen the feathers on her breast.

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Mayhew 1947 May 16 Western Robin 8. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 10:46 A.M. she settled down again, this time facing south. At 10:50 A.M. she left the nest again, landing in the grass about 100' from the nest. At this time I climbed the tree in an effort to see how many eggs were in the nest. Almost at once the ♂ landed on a branch about 4' from me, the feathers on the top of his head standing almost straight up. He continued to hop about from branch to branch, uttering loud, raucous notes until I left the tree. The ♀ returned to the tree just a few seconds after she heard the ♂ start the commotion. Both of them acted very similar all the time I was in the tree. The nest was too far out on the limb for it to be safe for me to look into the bottom of it. I was able to get within about 4' of it, but couldn't see any eggs. The commotion subsided as soon as I left the tree & in a short time the ♀ went back onto the nest, facing south. She remained on the nest until after I left for class at 11:55 A.M. The bird was on the nest at Offord Circle at 9:15 A.M., 10:30 A.M. and 11:55 A.M., still facing east. The bird was still on the nest facing east when I returned at 1:15 P.M. At 1:20 P.M. the ♀ was on the nest in the Deodar tree, facing west. The ♂ wasn't

Mayhew 1947 May 16 Western Robin 9. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. in sight. The ? has remained very quiet on the nest ever since I arrived. She isn't nearly as restless as she was this morning. At 1:37 P.M. the ? left the nest & landed on the grass about 15' southwest of the nest. She immediately began to dig for worms. At 1:41 P.M. she returned to the nest, landing on a branch about 3' from the nest with a loud note, then settled down on the nest after uttering several low, rapid notes. The ? didn't put in an appearance to stand guard over the nest at all this time. The ? settled on the nest facing south-west. At 1:48 P.M. the ? uttered 3 series of very rapid notes on the same pitch while sitting on the nest. The ? landed in the tree about 10' from the nest right after this, then flew away to the south-east. At 1:54 P.M. a ? House Finch landed in the tree about 15' from the nest, but caused no response on the part of the ? Robin. At 1:55 P.M. the Robin left the nest again, returning to the tree at 1:57 P.M. when she landed about 8' above the nest. She then dropped to within about 4' of the nest, then settled on the nest facing west. May 19 At 11:55 A.M., an adult was sitting on the nest by Oxford Circle, still facing east. At 2:00 P.M. when I returned, an adult was still sitting on the nest facing east.

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Mayhew 1947 May 19 Western Robin 10. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. It moved its head from side to side occasionally. At 2:15 P.M. it began to preen its feathers, while remaining on the nest. There is no evidence of the other adult anywhere around. At 2:19 P.M. a Song Sparrow landed on a branch of the tree about 10 feet from the nest, sang his song though once, and departed without arousing the bird on the nest at all. At 2:23 P.M. the bird left the nest & flew north to the branch of a small oak tree about 60 feet from the nest. It then hopped down to the ground, where it began to look for worms. At this time I was able to see that it was the ♀. I was also able to see that its left leg had been injured at some time so that it had to hop about. At 2:26 P.M. it flew on farther north across Oxford Circle & out of my sight. At 2:29 P.M. the same bird returned to the nest, and after standing on the west edge of the nest trying to swallow something I couldn't make out, she settled on the nest again facing east. She continued to struggle with the object in her mouth until she succeeded in swallowing it. At 2:34 P.M. two white-crowned

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Mayhew 1947 May 19 Western Robin 11. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. Spanrows landed in the tree about 15 feet from the nest, but they didn't disturb the bird on the nest. At 2:46 P.M. the ? seemed to be shifting the eggs around in the nest. She didn't get off the nest, but seemed to be moving the eggs with her feet and breast. At 2:47 P.M. she stood up in the nest and began to preen her breast feathers. At 2:48 P.M. she settled down on the nest again. At 2:49 P.M. she began to preen her remiges & rectrices, while still sitting in the nest. At 2:50 P.M. she settled down on the nest again. At 2:53 P.M. she began to preen her feathers again. At 2:55 P.M. she settled down on the nest again. At 3:02 P.M. a Brown Towhee landed in the tree about 15 feet above the nest. The Towhee flew away a moment later, but caused no response in the bird on the nest. At 3:08 P.M. the ? was observed in an action which seemed to be for the purpose of moving the eegs around in the nest. She didn't leave the nest, but seemed to be using her feet & breast for the movement. At 3:10 P.M. she settled down on

Mayhew 1947 Western Robin May 19 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. the nest again. At 3:20 P.M. a Brown Towhee landed in the tree about 15 feet below the nest. It then flew to a branch about 20 feet from the nest, then to a branch about 15 feet from the nest on the other side of the tree. In a moment, it left the tree entirely. The Robin paid no attention to it the whole time it was in the vicinity of the nest. When I had to leave the area at 3:30 P.M. the ? was still on the nest facing east. May 20 At 3:45 P.M. a ? Robin with some food in his bill led me to a nest containing 3 young Robins. They were lightly covered with down all over the body. When the ? landed on the edge of the nest, all three stretched their necks up to their full lengths with their mouths widely opened, waiting for food. As soon as the ? departed, I went up & looked in the nest & all three seemed fast asleep. I tapped on the side of the nest, but it didn't arouse them in the slightest. The nest is constructed (10" high) in a small live oak tree about 7 feet above the ground. The tree is about 150 feet south of the 1st floor entrance to LSB. The nest is about 6" in outside diameter, and about 5" deep. It is built on

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Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 13. May 20 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. a stout branch on the east side of the tree, about 1/2 way from the trunk to the periphery. The nest seems to be composed entirely of dried grasses, lined at the top with mud. May 21 At 3:25 P.M. the ? arrived at the nest just south of LSB with her bill full of food. As soon as she landed on the edge of the nest, young birds all were straining their necks, with their mouths opened widely. The ? gave the food to one of the young by placing her bill inside the mouth of the young & releasing the food. Then she stood stationary at the edge of the nest for several seconds, the young still had their mouths open, begging for food. Then she placed a last morsel in another youngster's mouth. When she finished this, she settled down on the nest, just as if she was incubating. When the ? appeared on the ground about 25 feet north of the nest with some food in his bill at 3:29 P.M., she flew out of the nest & back to the lawn. At 3:35 P.M. the ? returned to the nest with some food. She fed one youngster again, then settled down on the nest as before. At 3:39 P.M. she flew out of the nest & traveled north-west. The young have settled down again, out of sight. They utter no sound at all, either when they are alone, or when the adults

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Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 14. May 21 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. approach to feed them. When I climbed up & look into the nest at 3:45 P.M., all three of the young sat up in a feeding posture, but as soon as no food was forthcoming, they settled down & closed their eyes again. At 3:46 P.M. the ? returned with more food. Again she fed only one youngster, then settled on the nest as before. At 3:47 P.M. she left the nest again. At 3:49 P.M., the ? returned with some food. She fed one youngster, then swallowed a big worm herself. She immediately went back to the lawn about 30 feet from the nest. At this same time, the or ran across the lawn just at the base of the tree containing the nest. He stood directly below the tree while the ? was feeding the young, then ran about 50 feet farther west. At 3:53 P.M. he is back within 20 feet of the nest, just south of it, still looking for worms. The ? is out of sight. The or now has several worms in his bill, & he has worked in a circle about the tree about 30' away. At 3:58 P.M., he flew to the nest & fed the young. At 3:59 P.M., he left the nest & dropped to a branch about 3 feet above the ground before going down on the lawn again. He then went back to looking for worms about 40 feet east of the tree. Every time one of the adults has approached the

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Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 15. May 21 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. nest so far this afternoon, they have flown directly to the west edge of the nest without stopping anywhere along the way. at 4:01 P.M. the ♀ returned with some food, which she seemed to share with all the youngsters this time, then she settled on the nest as before. The ♂ is now out of sight. At 4:04 P.M. the ♀ left the nest & flew north out of sight, at 4:11 P.M. the ♀ arrived at the nest from a north-westerly direction, uttering two low notes when she was about 50 feet from the nest. She fed one youngster, then picked something up in her bill from the edge of the nest & flew back toward the north-west, at 4:14 P.M. she returned from the south-west, fed one youngster & flew off to the north. Each time, after she puts food in a youngster's mouth, she gives a swallowing action as though she is swallowing whatever she didn't give the young. At 4:19 P.M. the ♂ flew to a branch about 3 feet from the nest, then went to the nest & fed one youngster. He remained motionless on the edge of the nest a moment, then flew down to the grass about 20 feet from the nest. at 4:21 P.M. the ♀ returned from the west. She fed two youngsters, then settled down on the nest as she had before. While she was feeding the young, a ? Alkali Hummingbird

Mayhew 1947 may 21 Western Robin 16. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. flew & within 2 feet of the nest & landed there, watching the proceedings. He remained for about 10 seconds, but the ♀ Robin carried on with her work without even noticing the intrusion. At 4:23 P.M. after the ♀ had settled down on the nest, a Brown Towhee landed in the tree with a chipping note, about 6 feet from the nest. Neither did this bother the ♀ Robin. Each time the ♀ has settled on the nest, she has always faced in a north-east direction. At 4:29 P.M. when the ♂ landed in the tree about 4 feet from the nest, the ♀ hurriedly departed, uttering a single startled note. Then the ♂ flew up to the nest & fed one youngster. Then he picked a white object from the edge of the nest & flew north with the white object in its mouth. At 4:40 P.M. the ♂ has returned & within 50 feet of the nest. He is looking for worms, at 4:41 P.M. the ♀ returned to the nest from the south. She fed one youngster, then settled down on the nest facing north-east, at 4:43 P.M. she returned to the lawn about 100 feet east of the nest. The ♂ is now about 50 feet north of the nest, still looking for worms. He runs six or eight steps, then stands motionless for from

Mayhew 1947 May 21 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. 2 & 6 seconds before running again. Now both & & are out of sight. at 4:58 P.M. the & returned to the nest from the north. One youngster tried to take some food out of her bill, but she prevented it by pulling her head back. She then fed the food to another youngster. The young then settled back into the nest while the & stood on the west edge of it (as usual). at 4:59 P.M. she settled on the nest again, facing in a north-east direction. Although the adults approach the tree from different directions on each trip, they always fly around the tree until they can approach the nest from the west. at 4:59 P.M. the & landed in a branch about 4 feet below the nest. The & stayed on the nest a moment then flew to the north. The & then flew to the west. at 5:01 P.M. the & returned to the nest & fed one youngster. He then immediately flew down to the lawn about 10 feet from the tree. From there, he worked across the lawn to a spot about 50 feet south of the nest. Then he had a terrific struggle with a worm. He jumped forward & pecked at it about eight times before finally subduing it. A moment later he flew off to the north out of sight.

Western Robin May 21, 1947 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 5:05 P.M. when I approached the nest near Offord Circle, the ? was on a branch about 8 feet above & to the west of the nest. She remained there until 5:14 P.M. when she flew to the west edge of the nest & settled on it, facing east. When she entered the nest, she rolled her body slightly from side to side -- it appeared as if she were trying to get the eggs in the right position. Upon my return to the nest in the small oak tree at 5:20 P.M., the ? was sitting on the nest facing north-east. At 5:21 P.M. she left the nest. A moment later, the ? arrived back on the scene, landing on the ground about 20 feet south of the nest with some worms in his bill. At 5:22 P.M. he flew to the nest & fed one youngster, then flew back to the lawn about 20 feet west of the nest. The heads of the young are still visible above the edge of the nest. At 5:23 P.M. a Bunting-backed Thrush landed in the tree about 7 feet from the nest. A moment later it dropped to the ground directly below the tree, then hopped away. At 5:23 P.M. the ? landed on the west edge of the nest & fed one youngster. After poking around in the bottom of the nest for a few moments, she settled down on the nest, facing north-east, at 5:26 P.M.

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Mayhew 1947 May 21 Western Robin 19. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif at 5:33 P.M. the ♀ left the nest & flew south. at 5:35 P.M. a pair of Pine Siskins landed in the tree about 8 feet from the nest, & although the ♂ Robin was on the lawn about 15 feet from the tree, he paid no attention. The siskins, incidentally, were causing quite a commotion. at 5:40 P.M. the ♂ flew to the nest, fed one youngster, than flew north from the nest with something white in his bill. at 5:41 P.M. I found a single half grown Robin sitting in a dense clump of leaves in a live oak tree about 20 feet above the ground. The tree was just south of L.S.B. He sat quietly in the leaves. He was about 2/3 the size of a grown Robin, with a brown back, a tawny breast, very speckled with dark spots, at 5:43 P.M. the ♀ returned to the nest, feed a youngster, then settled down on the nest facing north-east. at 5:46 P.M. one of the youngsters disturbed the ♀ by pushing its head up against the wing of the ♀. at 5:49 P.M. she stood up in the nest a few moments, then left the nest, landing on the lawn about 100 feet east of the nest. The fog has now covered the sky so that the temperature is getting colder. at 5:52 P.M. the ♂ returned to the nest, fed one youngster, & flew north from the

"[illegible]" [209603,9,N] M.C.compt. & C. of A. We have seen that the M.G.P. is not a good one for our kind of work. It is too slow and we are unable to get anything out of it except what may be due to chance. Our present methods are not satisfactory. We must try something else if we want to make progress in this field. The only way I can see is to use the M.G.P. as a basis for our work, but with some modifications. This will require more time and effort than we have had so far, but it seems to be the best way forward. We must also consider whether or not the M.G.P. is suitable for our particular problem. If it is not, then we need to find another method altogether. But if it is, then we should proceed with caution and make sure that we understand exactly what we are doing before we start.

Mayhew 1947 May 21 Western Robin 20. U.C.campus, Alameda Co., Calif. nest, carrying a pellet of some kind in its bill. At 5:59 P.M. the ♀ returned to the nest from the west. She fed one youngster, sticking her bill into his 3 times before getting rid of all the food. However, she didn't offer any to the other two that were also craning their necks to be fed. She then settled down on the nest, facing north-east. At 6:02 P.M. a ♀ House Finch landed in the tree about 3 feet from the nest. It then hopped to a branch about 5 feet from the nest & began to preen its feathers. There was no response at all on the part of the ♀ Robin. At 6:04 P.M. the House Finch flew away. A moment later the ♀ Robin left the nest. At 6:05 P.M. the ♂ arrived at the nest, fed one youngster, then ate the nest himself. He then picked up three objects from the bottom of the nest & proceeded to eat them before flying off to the north-west. At 6:12 P.M. the ♂ returned to the nest, fed two of the youngsters & ate the nest himself. After standing on the west edge of the nest a moment, he flew toward the south. At 6:16 P.M. the ♀ approached the tree from the south, & landed on a branch about four feet north of the nest. She then hopped to a branch about 2 feet west of the nest, before finally landing on the

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Western Robin 21. Mayhew 1947 May 21 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. west edge of the nest. The young didn't raise their heads before she had been standing on the edge of the nest for a full second. She then fed two of the youngsters. In a moment she settled down on the nest facing north-east. At 6:19 P.M. she stood up in the nest, causing the young to extend their necks as though they expected to be fed. She probed around in the bottom of the nest with her bill for some time. At 6:22 P.M. the ♂ landed in the tree about 4 feet below the nest, causing the ♀ to leave the nest. The ♂ then flew to the west edge of the nest, fed one youngster, & ate the rest himself. At 6:23 P.M. he flew away to the north. At 6:27 P.M. the ♀ approached the nest from the west, uttering two clucking notes as she did so. She landed on the west edge of the nest & fed two youngsters. She then settled on the nest facing north- east. At 6:32 P.M. the ♂ approached the tree from the south, landing about 4 feet from the nest. The ♀ left immediately, & the ♂ flew to the west side of the nest & fed two youngsters. He then left the nest & flew south, uttering two low notes as he flew. At 6:36 P.M. the ♀ returned to the nest & fed one

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Mayhew 1947 May 21 Western Robin U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. younger. She then settled down on the nest facing north-east. at 6:40 P.M. She stood up in the nest + began probing around in the bottom of the nest with her bill. This continued until 6:43P.M. when she again settled down on the nest. The temperature has dropped still more since the sun has gone down + the fog has formed a complete blanket. At 6:48 P.M. a Brown Towhee landed directly beneath the tree, but called no response in the bird on the nest. Apparently she is on the nest for the night; because it is now 7:00 P.M. + she shows no signs of leaving the nest, May 22 On my arrival at the nest in the Desdora tree at 2:44 P.M., I found the ♀ sitting on the nest, facing west. The weather is bright, but a cool wind is blowing from the north-west. As yet, the ♀ is nowhere in sight. At 2:50 P.M. the ♀ stood up in the nest + shifted her position somewhat. When she settled back on the nest, she rolled her body slightly from side to side as though she were moving the eggs under her. When she finally settled down, she was still facing west. At 2:55 P.M. the ♀ left the nest + flw south-west. At 2:58 P.M. a Brown Towhee began feeding directly below the nest. At 2:59 P.M. the ♀ Robin returned

Mayhew 1947 May 22 Western Robin 23 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. the nest from where she had been feeding on the lawn about 500 feet south-west of the nest. She settled down on the nest immediately, facing west. As she settled down, she gave a rolling action to her body as before. at 3:07 P.M. she flew out on the lawn about 30 feet from the nest & chased the or away, who had just arrived there in his search for worms. As soon as the or flew away, the ? flew south-west to a spot on the lawn about 200 feet from the nest, where she began to look for worms herself. She would run a few steps, then stand motionless for one or two seconds. If no worms were detected, she would run a few steps again. When a worm was found, she would jump at it and grab it in her bill. At 3:12 P.M. she returned directly to the nest, settling down with a rolling motion as before, facing west. at 3:15 P.M. a Bush-tit flew into the tree about 10 feet above the nest. The Robin paid no attention. The Bush-tit continued to hop about from branch to branch, uttering a low, tsip occasionally; but the Robin never paid any attention. The Bush-tit left at 3:18 P.M. At 3:21 P.M. the ? stood up in the nest & began preening her feathers. at 3:22 P.M. she settled down on the

Mayhew 1947 May 22 Western Robin U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. nest with the same rolling action as before, still facing west. At 3:24 P.M. she began to preen her remiges while still sitting on the nest. At 3:29 P.M. a pair of Busk-tits noisily entered the tree about 12 feet above the nest without disturbing the Robin. They left a moment later, while she continued to preen her remiges. At 3:32 P.M. she settled down again. At 3:37 P.M. she left the nest & landed on the lawn about 75 feet south of the nest, where she began immediately to look for worms. At 3:39 P.M. she returned to the nest, standing on the south edge of it for a moment, then settling on the nest facing west. At 3:46 P.M. a dr Robin started working his way in a circle around the tree about 50 feet from the trunk. He ran a few steps, stopped then ran a few more steps & stopped, until he had covered a distance of about 75 feet. The ? took no notice of him this time. In a few minutes he flew away without any help from the ?, at 3:50 P.M. the ? shifted her position on the nest so that she is now facing south. She was still sitting on the nest facing south when I left at 4:04 P.M. She moved her head from side to side occasionally, but other

Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 25. May 22 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. than that, she made no movements. May 23 When I arrived at the nest in the small live oak tree at 5:32 A.M. this morning, the ? was sitting on the nest facing north- east. At 5:58 A.M. the ?? landed on the walk about 20 feet from the tree with his bill full of worms. Immediately the ? flew away and the ?? flew up to the west edge of the nest, fed one youngster by putting his bill inside the outspread bill of the youngster. A moment later, he flew away to the west, uttering three low single notes as he flew. At 6:08 A.M. one of the youngsters stretched its wings above the edge of the nest, then settled down out of sight again. At 6:09 A.M. one of the youngsters stretched his head + bill up over the edge of the nest for a brief moment, then settled down again. At 6:10 A.M. the ? returned to the nest, landing on the west edge of it, fed one youngster, then ate something from the inside of the nest (it appeared to be young maggots). Then she settled on the nest facing north-east. At 6:12 A.M. she stood on the west edge of the nest again, probing in the bottom of the nest with her bill. This caused quite a stir in the nest, because young heads continued to pop up above the edge of the nest. At 6:17 A.M. she settled down on the nest again, facing north-east:

Mayhew 1947 May 23 Western Robin 26. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 6:18 A.M. a ♂ Robin, with worms in its mouth, landed on a stump about 40 feet from the nest, but apparently he wasn't the ♂ for this nest, because the ♀ didn't leave the nest for him. In a moment, he flew out of sight. At 6:22 A.M. the ♂ landed under some shrubs about 50' from the nest. By running a few steps, stopping, then running a few more steps, he worked his way up to the lawn about 30 feet from the nest. He had a worm in his mouth all the while. At 6:24 A.M. he flew to a limb about 4 feet below the nest. The ♀ then immediately left the nest, flying north-west, after uttering two, low, single notes. The ♂ then flew to the west edge of the nest, fed one youngster & ate the rest of the food himself. After standing on the edge of the nest a moment looking down, he flew away to the south-west. When the adults left the nest this time, I climbed the tree to look into the nest. The 3 young birds completely filled the cavity. They sat with their heads pulled back & their wings outspread, so that they looked as if they had pulled their necks down into their bodies. Their bills all pointed up, & their eyes were open. Their bodies were completely covered

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Mayhew 1947 May 23 Western Robin U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. with feather primordia (at least, all of their bodies that I could see). My animal in the tree didn't affect them in the slightest. Even when I tapped on the nest, they completely ignored me. At 6:27 A.M. the ? arrived at the nest & stood on the west edge, from where she fed one youngster. Then she settled down on the nest facing north-east. At 6:32 A.M. the ? flew directly to the edge of the nest, whereupon the ? beat a hasty retreat. The ? fed two youngsters & departed. At 6:35 A.M. the ? returned, fed one youngster, & flew away to the north-west. At 6:39 A.M. the ? returned, fed one youngster, than settled down on the nest facing east. At 6:40 A.M. a ? House Finch landed on a branch about 4 feet from the nest, but could cause no response in the ? Robin. At 6:45 A.M. the ? left the nest flying north- west. At 6:55 A.M. two half-grown Robins were seen feeding on the lawn. They looked very similar to full grown Robins, except that their breasts were much lighter, & speckled with dark spots. I was able to approach within 4 feet of one of them before it flew. At 6:59 A.M. the ? returned from the north- west. She landed on a branch about 3 feet from the nest, then on a branch a foot from the nest, then on the west edge of the 27.

Mayhew 1947 May 23 Western Robin U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. meet. She fed two youngsters, then ate two objects she picked up from opposite sides of the nest, then settled on the nest facing north-east. At 7:04 A.M. thef left the nest, & flew north-west. At 7:06 A.M. the youngsters in the nest flapped wings & stuck heads above the edge of the nest. At 7:07 A.M. the O returned & fed two youngsters. The f returned a moment later, causing the O to fly away to the south- west, The f fed two youngsters, then settled down on the nest facing north-east, The sun is just now breaking through the fog. At 7:11 A.M. the f flew away to the north west. She has been hunting worms between two spinikles about 150 feet from the nest all morning. At 7:13 A.M. the & returned to the nest, fed one youngster, then flew back north-west. Every time she has left the nest this morning, she drops to within 18 inches of the ground and flies past me at that altitude, as I sit about 25 feet from the tree. She then gains altitude after passing this spot. At 7:16 A.M. th f returned to the nest, fed one youngster, then flew past with a white object in her bill. She dropped it about 75 feet from the nest, which, on examination, proved to be an excretion pellet of one of the young. At 7:18 A.M. the O returned,

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Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 29. May 23 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. Fed one youngster & departed. At 7:19 A.M. thef returned, fed one youngster, then settled down on the nest facing north-east. At 7:27 A.M. thef left the nest & flew north-west. At 7:30 A.M. thef returned & fed one youngster. She stuck her bill inside of his four times. Then she settled down on the nest facing north-east. At 7:34 A.M. thef left the nest, flying low, to the north-west. At 7:35 A.M. the m landed on a stump about 40 feet from the nest with a worm in his bill. After 15 seconds on the stump, he flew to the nest and fed one youngster. He then ate what looked like two excretion pellets from the nest, & flew to a tree about 75 feet west of the nest. At 7:36 A.M. the f returned, fed one youngster, then settled down on the nest facing north-east. At 7:40A.M. the youngsters all gave her trouble by pushing against her breast with their heads, but she soon quieted them. The same thing happened again at 7:41 A.M. At 7:42 A.M. she left the nest, flying low, toward the north-west. At 7:50 A.M. thef returned to the nest with 3 worms in her bill, all of which she gave to one youngster. After eating one pellet she removed from inside the nest, she settled down on the nest facing north-east. At 7:58 A.M. the youngsters

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Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 30. May 23 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. began pushing on the breast of the f with their heads. However, she ignored them. At 7:59 A.M. she left the nest + flew low & the north-west. I can see the heads of the youngsters above the edge of the nest— their bills are closed, but are pointing straight up. Now they have settled back in the nest (8:00 A.M.). At 8:02 A.M., the o? landed on the lowest branch of the tree that contains the nest. He sat there until 8:04 A.M. when the f flew to the nest. This caused the male to leave the tree + fly to a stump about 40 feet from the nest. The f fed 2 youngsters, ate what I definitely could see was an excretion pellet, then flew to the head of the statue of the football player about 60 feet from the nest, + began to groom her remige. At 8:06 A.M. the o? then flew to the nest, fed one youngster, + then flew away to the south-west. At 8:12 A.M., the f returned to the west edge of the nest, fed one youngster, atte one excretion pellet, + flew low back to the north-west. At 8:18 A.M. the f arrived with a large load of worms. She fed one youngster, but he had trouble with one large worm. It stuck out of his mouth for several inches. Finally the f put the loose end of the worm in the mouth of another youngster, & the two shared it.

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Mayhew 1947 May 23 Western Robin 31. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. Then the ♀ sat on the west edge of the nest while the youngsters kept pushing against her breast with their heads. She is sitting on the edge of the nest in such a way that her breast extends well into the nest. The youngsters are still having trouble with that worm, because the ♀ now has one end of it in her bill. Now it is disposed, and all is quiet. At 8:25 A.M. the ♀ left the nest, flying to the north-west. At 8:30 A.M. the ♂ landed in a branch of the tree about 5 feet from the nest. In a moment, he flew to the nest, fed one youngster, picked up an excretion pellet, + flew with it in his bill, to the north-west. At 8:32 A.M. the ♀ arrived on the west edge of the nest, fed one youngster, + departed to the north. Now the head of one of the youngsters is hanging over the edge of the nest. At 8:36 A.M. the ♂ flew to the nest + fed one youngster. He then dropped to the lawn about 10 feet from the trunk of the tree. From there, he began to search for worms on the lawn. At 8:38 A.M. the ♀ returned, fed one youngster, + flew low to the west. This time only two of the youngsters stretched their heads up + opened their bills for food. As soon as one of them received the food, the other one closed his mouth. The one that was fed,

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Mayhew 1947 May 23 Western Robin 32. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. howerer, kept his mouth open until the f left the nest. AT 8:50 A.M. the f returned to the nest and fed 2 youngsters. Only two stuck their heads up & opened their bills. A moment after she left, the d landed on a branch about 6 feet from the nest before flying to the west edge of the nest. He fed the only youngster that opened its bill, picked up an excretion pellet & flew low to the north-west. The youngsters are now growing matters, because every few seconds one of them stretches a wing or a neck up above the edge of the nest. AT 8:55 A.M. one of the youngsters tried to flap his wings several times above the nest. AT 8:59 A.M. the f returned to the nest & fed one youngster. still only two mouths will open. She then brooded herself probing about in the bottom of the nest. AT 9:02 A.M. she settled down on the west edge of the nest facing east. AT 9:03 A.M. she began probing in the bottom of the nest with her bill again. AT 9:05 A.M. she settled down on the west edge of the nest, again facing north-east. AT 9:14 A.M. the d returned to the tree, landing on a branch about 6 feet from the nest. The f immediately left the nest & flew west. About this time a Great Dane walked to within 40 feet of the tree which contained the nest. The d then

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Mayhew 1947 May 23 Western Robin 33. Y.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. flew & a tree about 20 feet in the other direction, where he sat uttering single, low notes. As soon as the dog moved on, the or flew to the nest & fed a youngster. Then he flew away to the west. At 9:21 A.M. the youngsters all opened their mouths & remained in that condition until 9:25 A.M. when the ? returned to the west edge of the nest, fed two youngsters, ate one excretion pellet, then settled down on the edge of the nest facing east. At 9:27 A.M. she left the nest. One of the youngsters sat with his mouth open for several seconds after she left, but finally closed it. At 9:28 A.M. the or landed on a branch of the tree about 6 feet from the nest. He stayed there 30 seconds before flying up to the west edge of the nest. Then he fed two youngsters, picked up an excretion pellet & flew away to the west. May 25 The ? has been off the nest all morning since I've been watching. She stays in this vicinity (near Oxford Circle), even flying into the tree containing the nest, but she never goes to the nest. Her left leg is so damaged that she can't use it for walking at all. The or has stayed near the ? most of the time I watched. They dug for worms most of the time, but always ate them themselves. Although

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Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 34. May 25 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. they stayed fairly near each other, neither paid any particular attention to the other. At 12:35 P.M. I climbed into the Cedrus Leodana in front of Hilgard Hall to see how many eggs that Robin's nest contained, while the ♀ was away. There are 4 bright blue eggs in it. Just the top, inner part of the nest contains mud. The 3 young in the nest in the live oak tree have now feathered out. They are so large they seem to hang over the nest. However, when I approached, the ♀ was sitting on the west edge of the nest, facing east. May 27 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. The ♀ still hasn't been seen back at the nest south of Oxford Circle. She flies into trees near-by, uttering single, clicking notes in rather rapid succession. The ♂ was still rather close by. At 4:45 P.M. two of the young in the live oak tree flew from the nest. They were about 1/2 the size of the parents. The backs of the young were dark greyish-brown, the breasts were reddish-brown on the side whitish down the mid-ventral line. The breast feathers were all tipped with black. I didn't see the young return to the nest. They flew into the trees near-by.

N.C. CAMPBELL, ALMOND CO., CALIF. [illegible] under at the bottom of page 51 to see if Hall had to go in another direction from which he got away and this is my best guess as to what it might have been for me to get out of that area. I am sure then all he had was a car, but he was not going to try to get back to his own place. He just kept on driving until he got out of the city limits. Then he turned around and came back in again. He did not go any further east than he had gone before. N.C. CAMPBELL, ALMOND CO., CALIF. It is my best guess as to what she might have done if Hall had to go in another direction from which he got away and this is my best guess as to what it might have been for me to get out of that area. I am sure then all he had was a car, but he was not going to try to get back to his own place. He just kept on driving until he got out of the city limits. Then he turned around and came back in again. He did not go any further east than he had gone before.

Mayhew 1947 May 27 Western Robin 35. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 5:50 P.M., when I looked into the nest in the Cedrus decodara south of Hilgard Hall, I found 2 newly hatched young + 2 blue eggs. The eggs were about 1½" long + about 3/4" though the greatest thickness. The two young were nearly naked, except for a few tiny downy feathers down the middle of the back. They didn't seem to be able to pick up their heads. When I climbed into the tree, the ♀ flew at me, coming within 4 feet of my head, uttering a series of alarm notes all the while. Even when I was walking away from the tree, she came swooping at me in one parting dive. The ♂ sat in the tree and uttered alarm notes, but he never tried to attack me. At 7:45 P.M. I returned to the nest near Oxford Circle. There was no sign of either the ♂ or ♀ anywhere around, and as it was almost dark, I think it is logical to assume that all of the eggs were unfertile, or else something happened to them. As the trunk of the tree is completely surrounded with blackberry brambles to a height of about 8 feet, I have found it impossible to climb up to the nest to determine it. At 7:55 P.M. I went to the nest in the live oak tree south of L.S.B. The one youngster that hadn't flown from the nest

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Western Robin Mayhew 1947 May 27 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. in the afternoon was sitting up in the nest, but none of the others had returned to the nest. Even the ? was nowhere to be seen--this ?? or also was absent. The metrics of the young one left in the nest were about 3/4" to 1" long with a very short feather sheath remaining over the base. The remiges, on the other hand, were about 4" long, with a feather sheath for about half their length over the base of each feather. The bright yellow edges of the bill that had been so prominent when the bird was younger, had disappeared. May 28 At 9:05 A.M. this morning, on examination of the nest in the live oak tree, I found the third youngster had also flown from the nest. Almost no excrement was found in the nest. At 2:20 P.M., there were 4 young birds in the nest in the Cedrus decidua tree south of Hilgard Hall. At 2:58 P.M. when I returned to the nest in the Cedrus decidua tree, the ? was standing on the west edge of the nest, facing east. [illegible] At 3:00 P.M. the ? settled upon the nest, facing north-east. The ?? was on the lawn about 40' from the tree. He uttered 3 single notes about 2 seconds apart. Then, at 3:01 P.M., he flew into the tree containing the nest. He landed on a branch about 25' from

Mayhew 1947 May 28 Western Robin 37. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. thel nest. He uttered 2 or 3 more notes from this position before flying & another tree about 100 feet south. AT 3:05 P.M. the @ returned & the lawn about 50 feet south of the nest. He uttered 3 more single notes, ran about 20 feet closer to the tree, uttered 2 more notes, then flew to a branch of the tree about 15 feet from the nest. The @ then flew & the ground about 30 feet from the nest, & the @ flew to the west edge of the nest & fed the young. From here I can't tell how many of them he fed. AT 3:07 P.M. he flew down & the lawn about 10 feet from the @, who a moment later flew about 150 feet farther south-west, landing on the edge of the lawn. A moment later the @ followed her. At 3:09 P.M. the @ returned to the nest, fed the youngsters, then settled on the nest facing north-east. A moment later, a Brown Towhee landed on a branch about 30 feet from the nest, but the @ Robin paid no attention. At 3:18 P.M. the @ flew from the nest & the lawn about 40 feet south of the tree, uttering a single note. The @ was about 10 feet from the place she landed. Both became occupied in finding worms. The @ worked about 100 feet south-west of the nest. At 3:20 P.M. the @ flew & the nest, fed one youngster, ate one.

Mayhew 1947 May 28 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. execution pellet; then stood on the edge of the nest 35 seconds before flying off to the north-west. At 3:22 P.M. the ? returned to the west edge of the nest, fed one youngster, then settled on the nest facing east. Almost immediately she changed her position so that she was facing west. At 3:34 P.M. the ? stood up in the nest, probed in the bottom of the nest with her bill for about 20 seconds, then settled down on the nest again, facing west. At 3:37 P.M. the ? began to preen her breast feathers. She flew from the nest a moment later. The dr + ? are both on the gazon digging for worms about 150 feet from the tree; + and 200 feet apart. At 3:44 P.M. a Song Sparrow flew into the tree about 30 feet from the nest. By this time the ? Robin had worked back to within 40 feet of the tree. As soon as the Song Sparrow entered the tree, the ? Robin flew to the west edge of the nest, uttering 3 notes in rapid succession, even though she had no food for the young. She stood on the edge of the nest for 30 seconds, then settled upon the nest facing east. 30 seconds later she stood up + shifted her position so that she was facing west. As she settled down, she fluffed her body feathers up + down several times, looking as if

Mayhew 1947 May 28 Western Robin 39. U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. she were breathing very hard. Then she settled down completely. At 3:55 P.M. the & left the nest & flew to a tree about 150 feet south where she began to preen her feathers. At 3:57 P.M. she flew down to the lawn beneath the tree she had been preening in. At 4:05 P.M. the & returned to the south edge of the nest, fed one youngster, then settled on the nest facing west. At 4:10 P.M. she stood up & probed in the bottom of the nest with her bill. At 4:12 P.M. she settled down facing west. At 4:30 P.M., on inspecting the nest in the Persea lingue tree near Oxford Circle, it was found to be empty, & the bottom had been torn up. Perhaps this explains why no young hatched in this nest. At 4:44 P.M. the & left the nest in the Adina decodra tree, uttering a single note as she flew. She landed on the lawn about 100 feet south of the nest. Then she began to look for worms, working back toward the nest. At 4:48 P.M., when she was about 50 feet from the tree, she flew to the west side of the nest & fed one youngster. She then ate one experiment pellet, then she settled on the nest, facing north. At 4:50 P.M. she flew north from the nest. At 4:54 P.M. the & returned to the west edge of the nest where she stood

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Mayhew 1947 Western Robin 40. May 28 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. motionless for 2 minutes + 30 seconds. Then she fed one youngster, stood motionless for 30 seconds more, then settled on the nest facing east. 25 seconds later, she was standing on the west edge of the nest, probing in the bottom of it with her bill. At 4:58 P.M. she again settled on the nest facing east, at 4:59 P.M. she left the nest + landed on the lawn about 20 feet from me. She caught a worm + ate it herself. at 5:00 p.m. she flew north of the tree containing the nest. At 5:02 P.M. the ? returned to the west edge of the nest, fed two youngsters, ate one experiment pellet, then settled on the nest facing east. 25 seconds later she shifted her position so that she was facing west. When she settled down this time, she gave that peculiar hard-breathing movement for several seconds before actually settling down. June 2 300 Julian St., Turlock, Stanislaus Co., Calif. at 5:32 A.M. this morning, I saw a ? Robin picking up dried grass stems in her bill from the back yard. She already had several grass stems in her bill when I first saw her, but she continued to pick up more. I wasn't able to see just how she kept the ones she had already picked up in her bill while she opened her bill to pick up others. When she had enough stems to suit her, she flew up about

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Mayhew 1947 June 2 Western Robin 300 Julian St., Turlock, Stanislaus Co., Calif. 20 feet above the ground on a branch on the west side of a black walnut tree. After sitting there a moment, she flew up another 20 feet & while she was constructing a nest. As I had to catch a bus back to Berkeley, I couldn't watch her any longer.

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Mayhew 1947 April 26 Western Sandpiper Bay Farm Island, Alameda Co., Calif. Great numbers of these birds began feeding just as soon as the tide began to drop, exposing the mud flats. They scatter out over all of the mud flats, as soon as the receding tide exposes them. They seem to walk constantly, stopping every few steps & pick food out of the mud. As the tide goes farther out, the birds become farther and farther apart. Instead of just following the edge of the water, they are about evenly spaced over the available feeding grounds. These seemed to be the most numerous of all the shorebirds seen today.

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Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Pine Siskin Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 3 P.M. a flock of about 30 birds were found feeding about 30' above the ground, eating the seeds of the alder. They fed in a rather compact group near the tips of the branches where the seeds hung. The occasionally hung upside down while feeding. They fed silently for the most part, but uttered occasional notes that appeared to be used to keep the flock together. Upon becoming startled, they flew out about 30' to 50' from the tree in a compact flock, uttering a series of distinct notes, then all went back to the tree they had just left. The tail appeared distinctly forked. These birds seemed to move constantly about the outer edge of the tree. Mar. 8 at 10:20 A.M. a flock of about 30 were seen flying up and down the canyon. They had a bouncing flight during which they uttered high thin flocking notes.

Fox Sparrow Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 1:30 P.M. one individual was seen scratching with both feet at the same time in leaf rubble beneath a live oak. at 1:55 P.M. several individuals were seen scratching busily in leaf mold beneath a bay tree.

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Song Sparrow Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Strawberry Canyon, U. C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 11:00 A.M. one individual was seen & heard in a brush thicket beside a paved road near the crest of B.C. hill. It showed itself rather prominently, so that the dark spot in the middle of the breast was easily seen.

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Mayhew 1949 June 25 Black-necked Stilt 1. Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. A nest was seen in the drainage ditch that marks the southern boundary of the ranch. It was found out near the center of the ditch on some very marshy ground. It consisted of a few dried weeds loosely woven together. There were 4 eggs; they were about the size of pheasant eggs, + almost the same color -- maybe slightly darker. The eggs were very splashed with black, very similar to the eggs of the killdeer. On my approach to the nest, 11 stilts flew about me, making a terrific racket. Occasionally one would alight in front of me a few yards + act as though a wing were broken. In a few moments it would fly in circles around me again. June 26 This morning I saw 2 young stilts wading + feeding in the same drainage ditch that contained the nest. When I climbed out of the car, they crouched in the algae covering a portion of the ditch & remained motionless. If I hadn't known where they were, I would undoubtedly walked right past them; they were hidden so well. Apparently they knew they were well hidden, because I was able to walk over + pick both of them up. I handled them + turned them loose. One of them slowly walked away towards shore, the

Mayhew 1949 June 26 Black-necked Stilt 2. Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. other one crouched down again right at my feet & stayed there. He was still crouching there when I reached the car, as I could still see him with binoculars. All this time the parents were flying in circles around me, occasionally landing & acting as though a wing were broken. They were still raising a rumpus after I climbed back into the car. The young had black bills that were longer than the head, flesh colored long legs, tawny bodies with black spots on the wings & back. I found one nest on fairly dry ground that contained 2 eggs. Two other nests each contained 4 eggs. They were also built on rather dry ground, but all of them were on little islands in the middle of the large drainage ditch. The birds flushed from the nests long before I reached any of them. As soon as I stopped the car, in one case, she was off the nest & wading away from it. They seem to leave the nest at the slightest provocation. June 28 About 3:30 P.M. a flock of 205 stilts were seen along the main canal. About 38 were in one small area, all facing exactly the same direction. The rest were

Mayhew 1949 June 28 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. scattered about in the area. 1950 May 16 A nest with 4 eggs was found in the main drainage ditch. The nest is just a depression in the mud about 6 inches from the water. There is no lining in the nest. The eggs look, to me, almost exactly like avocet eggs.

Mayhew 1950 March 11 Cliff Swallow 1. Pierce Ranch, 4 mi. west of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. This afternoon at 4:30 P.M. I went to the bridge over the Winter highway. At first I saw no birds, but in about 3 minutes one bird was seen over the bridge. A few minutes later another bird arrived + joined the first. A short time later 2 more birds arrived. At 4:50 P.M. there were 6 birds flying around the bridge. When I left the bridge at 5:05 P.M. there were 14 birds flying over & under the bridge. The wind was blowing very hard from the north, causing the birds to fly in just over the top of the grass from the south. When they reached the bridge, however, they wheeled + circled around the bridge up to about 50 feet. The following is the arrangement of the old nests under the bridge: N↑ U=good nest Ψ=damaged nest B=Barn Sw. nest 4 3 2 1

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Mayhew 1950 Cliff Swallow 2. March 11 Pierce Ranch, 4 miles west of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. There are 35 nests in good repair, in addition to 2 Barn Swallow nests. There are 23 nests that have been damaged, but might be repaired. Several of the birds flew up into some of the nests that were in good repair. March 12 Poleline Bridge, 3 miles northeast of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. One bird was flying above the bridge when I arrived this morning at 11:30 AM. The wind was blowing very hard from the north. While I was marking nests under the bridge, 6 birds came and flew around the bridge for a few minutes. When I returned to the south bank, 2 of the birds flew to 2 adjoining nests (3-3 + 3-4). The bird at nest 3-3 flew away in about 10 seconds, but the bird that hung at the opening of 3-4 went inside and remained there for the few minutes that I remained in the area. Bridge on Road 32, 4 mi. west of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. When I arrived at the bridge this afternoon no birds were in sight. I was there about an hour, during which time 10 birds arrived on the scene. March 13 Poleline Bridge, 3 miles northeast of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. The following chart is the arrangement of nests under this bridge on this date. Each nest is given 2 numbers; 1 for the section of bridge, 1 for the nest. Nests shown like this are damaged nests.

the secret of Bridger's pointers at for each number in series 1 for of most to attain this bridge and in the arrangement at Trolo generally it Polo Co,'s Golf's miles northeast of Davis' Bridge, 3 miles 07.12. arranged at Trolo or sinit on which was their own and no trouble until now an unsatisfactory a number of people are trying to gain entry to the bridge, with a view to becoming a world of Bridger's Golf Club, 3 miles west of Davis' Polo Co.'s Golf Course. 07.12.

Mayhew 1950 March 13 Cliff Swallow 3. Poleline Bridge, 3 miles northeast of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. N → □=1949 □=damaged □=1950 1 2 3 4 5 42 43 45 44 46 47 48 49 50 W 51 52 53 54 56 55 57 58 59 60 61 6 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 41 40 39 38 37 36 29 30 31 32 2 35 36 33 32 31 30 29 28 1 26 25 24 23 22 21 20 19 18 17 6 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 • 67 68 69 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 71 • 3 34 1 28 66 5 27 26 25 24 23 22 6 7 8 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 • • 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 9 1 0

Mayhew 1950 Cliff Swallow 4. April 1 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. Tonight I tried a new net to catch the swallows as they left the nest, but it was of no value to me. I finished by using my old net. A ? English Sparrow was roosting in nest 3-30. I couldn't see if there was a nest started by English Sparrows inside of it or not. One of the pair of swallows in 3-29 escaped me, the other was caught but was injured so badly I had to kill it. The net swung against the bridge support after the bird was caught. One return was recorded out of the 8 birds I caught. 44-54394 was taken from nest 4-2. The ones that were banded were taken as follows: 49-25533 - 3-48 or 47 49-25534 - 3-4 49-25535 - 4-4 49-25536 - 4-9 49-25537 - 4-2 49-25538 - 3-57 April 2 At 8 A.M. I passed this bridge and found most of the birds either adding mud to repair old nests or building new ones. Most of the new ones seem to be in section 2. When I passed again at 3:15 P.M. the birds were all feeding high in the air around the bridge. April 22 This afternoon I numbered all the new nests that have been put up this year.

Mayhew 1950 Cliff Swallow 5. April 22 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. There are 111 new nests + 6 nests from last year that have been repaired. Nearly all the new nests are in section 2, that had only 3 nests from last year. The nests constructed this year are shown on the chart (page 3) with black numbers circled in red. Tonight I returned & banded as many as I could catch. There was just about 1/4 of a moon shining, but it was enough to give trouble. The birds could see too well, & many escaped that should have been banded. Those that we returns were: 44-54393 - 3-38 44-54400 - 3-51 The only repeat was: 49-25533 - 3-48 The new birds were: 49-25539 - unknown 49-25553 - 2-96 49-25540 - unknown 49-25554 - 2-102 49-25541 - 2-93 49-25555 - 2-100 49-25542 - 2-91 49-25556 - 2-67 49-25543 - 2-50 49-25557 - 2-67 49-25544 - 2-48 49-25558 - 2-74 49-25545 - 2-51 49-25546 - 1-2 49-25547 - 1-3 49-25548 - 3-31 49-25549 - 3-36 . 49-25550 - 3-49 49-25551 - 3-60 49-25552 - 3-72

Cliff Swallow 6. Mayhew 1950 April 22 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. English Sparrows have taken over nests 3-52 + 3-59, in addition to 3-30 noted before. A d was seen in 3-59, a ? in 3-52, & a ? again in 3-30. April 23 Bridge, 4 mi. west of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. As there was water under the bridge today, I was unable to see how many new nests have been made this year. However, I was able to see that a Barn Swallow nest of last year has been taken over by a pair of Cliff Swallows this year. It was the Barn Swallow nest in the N.W. corner of section 1. The open nest of last year has been covered over the top with a wide mouth opening into it. April 27 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. At 10:35 A.M. one bird fed another through the opening of the nest at nest 2-35. At 10 more out of 32 nests that I can see, the head of a bird is sticking out. Now there are 14 heads sticking out. Whenever a car goes by or over the bridge, all the birds in the air at the time fly out from under the bridge & circle in the air around. As soon as the car is gone, however, they return under the bridge. I am sitting approx. 20 ft. from the nearest nests, but my presence doesn't seem to bother them at all. Four times in the last 15 minutes a bird in 3-34 has left the nest to chase another bird away from in front of the nest opening:

Cliff Swallow Mayhew 1950 April 27 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. At 11 AM. one bird fed another in nest 2-4. At 11:02 A.M. one bird returned to nest 2-17 where another bird had its head out the door. The returning bird entered the nest & I could see one of the birds in the act of eating something, but was unable to tell which one it was. In about 5 seconds one of these birds left the nest & the other sat with its head out the door. At 11:08, the other bird returned to the nest, climbed inside & this time I saw both of them eating something. As soon as the food was down, one of them stuck its head out the door again. In a moment it was out of the nest. At 1-1, a bird had its head out the door. Another bird landed at the opening, for some reason the bird inside became antagonistic. It grabbed the wing of the other bird in its beak & pushed it off the opening, so that the bird outside was hanging in mid-air by its wing in the other bird's bill. It kicked its feet in the air, but I no avail. After about 5 seconds the bird inside let go, allowing the other bird to fly off. There is almost no activity in section 3 where the great majority of last year's nests remain. From here I can see no heads sticking out of any of the 22 nests that can be seen from here. When hanging at the opening & the

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Mayhew 1950. Cliff Swallow 8. April 27 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. nest, the bird grips the bottom edge of the opening with both feet & hangs with its back toward the ground. It appears as though the tail may be used as a brace in some cases. There is a flat base of mud from last year between nests 2-32 & 2-33 on which 2 birds apparently are rebuilding a nest. There is a small layer of fresh mud on the east side of the old mud & which these 2 birds appear to be adding more fresh mud. I stood directly beneath a row of nests that were about 5 feet above my head. The majority of the colony did not like my presence there, but the birds above me didn't seem to mind too much. One bird remained with its head out the door of its nest the entire time I stood there. On 3 occasions a bird from the nest next to that one returned & entered its nest with my head not over 5 feet from the entrance to the nest. As soon as I sat down in the middle of section 1, all was normal again. April 28 Bridge, 4 miles west of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. Tonight, with the use of fish nets over the ends of the bridge, I was able to catch 60 birds. Of that number, 14 were banded there last year, the remaining 46 were banded at this time. Thus, 23% of the birds caught tonight were returns.

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Cliff Swallow Mayhew 1950 April 29 Bridges, 10 miles west, 1 mile south of Turlock, Stanis. Co., Calif. The bridge from which I cleared out all the old nests of last year has the following arrangement of new nests this year: (Bridge #1) N -> 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 1 2 3 4 The bridge about 200 yards south of bridge #1 was left as it was found, with all the remnants of old nests still in place. This bridge (bridge #2) looks as follows:

(1) # behind H E 8 I [illegible] [illegible]

Mayhew 1950 Cliff Swallow 10. April 29 Bridges, 10 miles west, 1 mile south of Turlock, Stanis. Co., Calif. (Bridge #2) N ↑ April 30 Tonight I banded birds from under both bridges #1 & #2. The results were as follows: Returns (#1) 44-54454—1-3 44-54466→2-5 Banded (#1) 49-25605—unknown 49-25606—2-4 49-25607—2-10 49-25609—2-10 49-25610—1-3 49-25611—3-2 49-25612—3-2 (#2) 49-25613—unknown 49-25614—unknown 49-25615—1 49-25616—1 49-25617—unknown 49-25618—unknown 49-25619—15 49-25620—9 May 5 Tonight I banded birds from under both bridges. The results were as follows:

(1#) counter 3-1---+2#+2-+4 2-5---d2#+2-+4 (1#) Barred musical -- 70j25-p4 4-6 -- d2p4 1-5 --- 50j25-p4 1-10 --- 5-10 1-3 --- 1-3 5-3 --- 11d25-p4 6-9 --- 51j25-p4 (5#) musical -- 71j25-p4 musical -- 71j25-p4 1 --- 21j25-p4 1 --- d1j25-p4 musical -- 71j25-p4 musical -- 71j25-p4 21 --- 91j25-p4 P --- 05j25-p4

Cliff Swallow 11. Mayhew 1950 May 5 Bridges, 10 mi. west, 1 mi. south of Turlock, Stanislaus Co., Calif. Returns (#1) 44-54460 -- 2-1 Repeats (#1) 44-54466 -- 2-5 (same) 44-54454 -- 1-3 (same) 49-25607 -- 2-10 (same) (#2) 49-25618 -- unknown 49-25616 -- 1 (same) 49-25620 -- 9 (same) Banded (#1) 49-25621 -- 3 - 3 to 6 49-25622 -- " 49-25623 -- " 49-25624 -- 2-1 (#2) 49-25625 -- unknown 49-25626 -- " 49-25627 -- 10 49-25628 -- 10 49-25629 -- 9 I now have both birds marked from the following nests: 1-3, 2-1, 2-10, 3-2, 1, 9, + 10; + single birds from 2-5, 2-4, 15. Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. May 10 Tonight, by using the large fish nets over the sides of the bridge, we were able to catch 82 birds. Of this number, 65 were banded tonight, 11 were repeats, + 6 were returns. The per cent of returns for

(1#) ammeter 1-5 --- od442, +4 (1#) stowad (2002) 2-5 --- dd442,+4 (2002) 5-1 --- #24+2,-#4 (2002) 0-5 --- 700225-94 (5#) mmann --- 81025-94 (2002) 1 --- d1025-94 (2002) P --- 0.5d25-94 (1#) kehnd j25-5 --- 15d25-94 " --- 55d25-94 " --- 35d25-94 1-5 --- +5d25-94 (5#) mmann --- 25d25-94 " --- 25d25-94 01 --- 7.5d25-94 01 --- 7.5d25-94 P --- 9.5d25-94

Mayhew 1950 Cliff Swallow 12. May 10 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. the evening was 7 %. The results were as follows: Returns 44-54496-2-14 44-54412-sec.2 44-54392-3-1 44-54410-

10 Polosine Bridge, 3 mile of Davis John Co. the running was I so the weather was on foot Rearranger E. 242 --- 41-5 --- 39+442---44 44-2#415---5-14 E. 242 --- 41-10 --- 39+2#363---44 44-2#410---3-1 E. 242 --- 44-2#42---44 (2000) S-4 --- 4P5#42---44 44-2#42---44 Stages E. 242 --- 68225---94 (2000) T3-5 --- 72225---94 E " --- 72225---94 (2000) T3-5 --- 72225---94 E " --- 41225---94 E. 242 --- 72225---94 E " --- 81225---94 E " --- 88-225---94 E " --- 14225---94 (2000) T3-5 --- 84-225---94 E. 242 --- 82225---94 Bogob E. 242 --- 64-225---94 E. 242 --- 64-225---94 41-225#30---3-5 E. 242 --- 84-225---94 E " --- 62-225---94 62-225---94 62-225---94 94-225---94 (T) T3-5 --- 64-225---94 41-225#30---3-14 94-225---94 77-5 --- 88-225---94 41-225---94 3-14 41-225---94 48-5 --- 46-225---94 41-225---94 3-14 41-225#27---3-14 41-225#32---3-8 41-225#24---3-12 88-5 --- 88-225---94 3-1 62-225---94 01-4 --- 64-225---94 02-5 --- 94-225---94 E. 242 --- 64-225---94 E. 242 --- 64-225---94 S " --- 84-225---94 S " --- 54-226---94 S " --- 84-226#0---3-12 T3-5 --- 54-226---94 S " --- 84-226---94 15-5 --- 84-226---94 S " --- 84-226---94 E. 242 --- 44-226---94 S " --- 54-226---94 41-5 --- 44-226---94 S " --- 88-226---94 S " ---

Cliff Swallow 13. Mayhew 1950 May 10 Poleline Road Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. 49-25664 -- sec. 2 49-25680 -- sec. 2 49-25665 -- " 2 49-25681 -- " 2 49-25666 -- " 2 49-25682 -- .. 2 49-25667 -- " 2 49-25683 -- " 2 49-25668 -- " 2 49-25684 -- " 2 49-25669 -- " 2 49-25685 -- " 2 49-25670 -- " 2 49-25686 -- " 2 49-25671 -- " 2 49-25687 -- " 2 49-25672 -- " 2 49-25688 -- .. 2 49-25673 -- .. 2 49-25689 -- " 2 49-25674 -- " 2 49-25690 -- " 2 49-25675 -- " 2 49-25691 -- .. 2 49-25676 -- " 2 49-25692 -- " 2 49-25677 -- " 2 49-25693 -- " 2 49-25678 -- " 2 49-25694 -- " 2 49-25679 -- " 2 Pairs marked & date are: 4-2 { 44-54394 49-25537 2-50 { 49-25543 49-25639 3-49 { 49-25550 49-25650 2-67 { 49-25556 49-25557 2-14 { 49-25645 44-54496 3-1 { 49-25655 44-54392 2-84 { 49-25636 49-25634

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Cliff Swallow 14. Mayhew 1950 May 16 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. Nests 1-1, 1-2, + 1-3 have fallen off, as has 2-11. The nest between 2-32 + 2-33 (2-105) has now been completed. It was still unfinished May 10th when I was banding under this bridge. The remains of several eggs + one young bird were seen beneath the nests on the south side of section 2. The young bird hadn't been dead very long because decay had not yet set in. It was completely naked. May 25 Bridge, 4 miles west of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. Tonight we caught 97 birds under this bridge with the use of the fish nets enclosing the ends of the bridge. Of this number, 40 were adults, 37 were young of the year that have just started to fly. The throat + forehead of these young are dark brown, speckled with white in the more mature youngsters. Thus, 77 birds were newly banded; the remainder were already banded (20 birds). May 26 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. Tonight 20 birds were caught, 5 of which had already been banded. All the birds were adults. The results were as follows: repeats returns 49-25645 - sec. 2. 44-54403 - sec. 2 49-25679 - 2-53 49-25634 - sec. 2 49-25671 - sec. 2

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Mayhew 1950 Cliff Swallow 15. May 26 Pole/line Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. Banded 49-25771— 2-23 49-25772— 2-17 49-25773— 2-20 49-25774— 2-80 49-25775— 2-78 49-25776— 2-55 49-25777— 2-70 49-25778— 2-90 49-25779 } To — Sec. 2 49-25785 May 27 This afternoon while unloading my banding equipment, I found that we had overlooked a Cliff Swallow in the gathering cage used May 25th 4 miles west of Davis. The bird was a youngster of this year, & although it couldn't possibly have saten for a minimum of 40 hours, the bird flew off with no apparent difficulty. I turned it loose at the poleline bridge, 3 miles N.E. of Davis. It immediately joined the flock that was feeding around the bridge & was soon lost in the crowd. The bird was released at 4:45 Standard Time. June 8 Tonight, with the aid of drop nets, we caught 80 birds. Of this number, 14 had to be released without bands because we ran out of bands.

[illegible] 50 Potable Bridge, & Mr H.E. of Davis Yale Co. Callt Amanda 49-52141 - 18725-94 71-5 -- 65225-94 05-5 -- 55253-94 80-5 -- 45214-94 87-5 -- 25252-94 22-5 -- 25525-94 05-5 -- 55555-94 09-5 -- 85525-94 5.32 -- [illegible] 46-521582 [illegible] your [illegible] eldow [illegible] [illegible] had an telt-bang l, tumingpa ago quidtag et ni callen 2 #13 ! would to Paru nlin # - 55c past low very aft fo ntegriny a new birl et mal glinacy tablas to givittlo a carved dy fo [illegible] a sof metee thraggo an dtnw ffo wlf birl ett ett to casal ti beult l, ethwljib [illegible] fo EH nlin & agairt eudby new telt shly aft knigi ghtakennu was now a egbird et burard qubief now birl aft buvra et ni teal wit klnets 24:4 to kereler [illegible] fto kio et ntn thjnst D hat us cllnwn aft fo abid OB thego w convers abed twalins hendun el

Mayhew 1950 Cliff Swallow 16. June 8 Poleline Bridge, 3mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. Of the remainder, 2 were new returns, 16 were repeats, + 48 were newly banded. Of this latter number, 42 were young of the year that were able to fly, + 6 were adults. The results were as follows: Returns 44-54395 - 4-10 49-25514 - unknown Repeats 44-54412 - 2-14 (3# from that nest) 49-25667 - 2-101 49-25558 - 2-78 49-25634 - 2-84(Same) 49-25638 - 2.56(Same) Remainder of nests of repeats unknown. Banded *50-353 - 2-48 *50-365 - 3-6 *50-354 - 2-42 50-366 - 3-17 *50-355 - 2-55 *50-367 - 4-10 *50-356 - 2-7 *50-368 - 2-14 *50-357 - 2-83 *50-369 - 2-86 *50-358 - 2-87 *50-370 - 2-83 *50-359 - 2-87 *50-371 - 2-77 *50-360 - 2-85 50-361 - 2-72 50-372A 50-400 were taken from unknown nests. *50-362 - 2-53 50-363 - 3-20 50-364 - 3-34 *Young of year.

* Runds of #69L 20-364---3-34 20-365---3-50 20-385---5-23 20-361---5-55 20-357B 20+00 men town number and unit * 20-380---5-82 * 20-329---5-84 * 20-328---5-84 * 20-360 *20-360---5-83 * 20-327---5-83 * 20-326---5-8 * 20-325---5-10 * 20-324---5-22 * 20-322---5-22 * 20-321---5-22 * 20-320 *20-320---5-25 ! 20-369---3-17 20-368---5-45 20-362---5-48 B 20-323---5-48 20-322---5-44 (High) *20-320---5-44 * 20-319---5-41 * 20-326---5-44 * 20-327---5-84 (anno) 20-2---3-20 (town) (anno) *20-34---3-84 H2-2228---5-28 H2-2228---5-28 101-5---70325-P4 H2-2+2-H2-H2-2+282-H2-10 Rotator The results are as follows: that it is able to fly a mile in 10 minutes. The maximum speed is 60 miles an hour. I believe that we have the first flying machine. Of the invention I was very proud. My father was also an engineer.

Cliff Swallow Mayhew 1950 17. Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. June 8 One additional pair has now been marked: 2-78 {49-25775 {49-25558 adult At this bridge, 46 single birds have been pinned down to particular nests. They are: 3-48-49-25533 2-83-49-25637 3-4-49-25534 2-87-49-25642 4-4-49-25535 3-62-49-25652 4-9-49-25536 3-64-49-25651 3-57-49-25538 3-58-49-25653 3-38-44-54393 3-27-49-25654 3-51-44-54400 4-10-49-25656 2-93-49-25541 2-2-49-25657 2-91-49-25542 2-53-49-25679 2-48-49-25544 2-23-49-25771 2-51-49-25545 2-17-49-25772 1-2-49-25546 2-20-49-25773 1-3-49-25547 2-80-49-25774 3-31-49-25548 2-78-49-25775 3-36-49-25549 2-55-49-25776 3-60-49-25551 2-70-49-25777 3-72-49-25552 2-90-49-25778 2-96-49-25553 2-72-50-361 2-100-49-25555 3-20-50-363 2-102-49-25554 3-34-50-364 2-101-49-25667 3-17-50-366 2-74-49-25558 2-77-49-25633 2-56-49-25638 2-21-49-25643

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Mayhew 1950 June 11 Bridges, 10 mi. W., 1 mi. S. of Turlock, Stanislaus Co., Calif. Cliff Swallow Tonight 39 birds were banded under bridges #1 & #2 at this location: 30 of them under bridge #1, 7 under #2. In addition, 6 repeats were caught. Of this number, 31 were adults, 8 were young of the year. 50-8415 was an adult whose skull had been damaged at some time, causing a depressed area about the area of a penny on the back portion of the skull. The injury appeared to be rather an old one, so the bird was banded & released. It flew away with no apparent difficulty. The birds flushed from the nests so rapidly that very few birds could be pinned down to particular nests. The results were: 50-8401 & 50-8430 were taken from bridge #1. 50-8431 & 50-8439 were taken from bridge #2. Those pinned to nests were: 50-8431 — 10 50-8432 — 8 This makes 3 adults taken from nest 10: 50-8431 49-25627 49-25628 Pairs are now marked in nests 1-3, 2-1, 2-10, 3-2, 1, 9, & 3 from 10; single birds from 2-4, 2-5, 8, & 15. All of the repeats had been banded this year, but not all of them were banded under the same bridge that they were caught this time. The results were:

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Cliff Swallow Mayhew 1950 June 11 Bridges, 10 mi. W., 1 mi. S. of Turlock, Stanislaus Co., Calif. Number Bridge banded Bridge caught 49-25629 #2 (9) #1 49-25605 #1 (?) #1 49-25624 #1 (2-1) #1 49-25620 #2 (9) #1 49-25628 #2 (10) #1 49-25616 #2 (1) #1 June 26 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. The following birds were caught & identified from particular nests: Repeats 49-25645 — 2-12 49-25538 — 3-36 44-54394 — 4-2 49-25652 — 3-62 (same) Banded 50-8769 — 2-32 50-8770 — 3-32 50-8771 — 3-44 50-8772 — 3-50 50-8773 — 3-48 *50-8774 — 4-9 Pairs are now marked in the following additional nests: 3-48 { 49-25533 50-8773 } 4-10 { 49-25656 44-54395 } 3-36 { 49-25549 49-25538 } *= young of the year.

(10) exploded foot to 2 mil d in 29648 banded spring diameter 1# [illegible] 95225-94 1# (5) 20225-94 1# (5-1) 45225-94 1# (P) 0.5225-94 1# (10) 35225-94 1# (1) 0.225-94 [illegible] Ref: 46-52842 - 5-15 46-52238 - 3-30 46-24384 - 4-4 (40oz) 46-25 (cover) - 3-25 Retro 20-8570 - 3-35 35-3 - 0578-02 44-3 - 1778-02 20-8571 - 3-44 20-8575 - 3-20 20-8573 - 3-48 * 20-8578 - 4-9 originally set in bedroom was the following: [illegible]

Mayhew 1950 Cliff Swallow 20. June 26 Poleline Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. The following additional single birds were marked from definite nests: 3-50 ---- 50-8772 3-44 ---- 50-8771 3-32 ---- 50-8770 2-32 ---- 50-8769 2-12 ---- 49-25645 4-2 ---- 44-54394 In all, 22 birds were banded under this bridge tonight, and 17 birds were recaptured. June 29 Tonight we had to go to 7 different bridges before we could band 50 birds. At the bridge 1 mile west of road 98 on road 29, 6 miles N.W. of Davis, the birds had gone completely, as they had at the bridge 1 1/2 miles west of road 98 on road 27. Under the bridge 1/2 mile west of the intersection of roads 31 & 95, only young birds were found, but at the other bridges the majority of birds were adults. June 30 There were absolutely no birds under the poleline bridge tonight. We had to go to 4 bridges before we banded 9 birds. July 10 Bridge, 4 mi. west of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. The birds had left this bridge by the time I visited the bridge today. July 13 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. Cliff Swallows were seen in the air over the extreme N.E. corner of the ranch, & over the bridge at Willow Slough at the wet bottom.

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Mayhew 1950 Cliff Swallows 21. July 19 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. Approximately 100 Cliff, Tree, + Barn Swallows were seen in the tules + flying over the main ditch about 2 miles south of ranch headquarters. July 23 Bridge, 12 mi. S.E. of Dixon, Solano Co., Calif. About 40 birds of this species were seen flying over the bridge, + some birds were frightened from nests underneath the bridge. July 26 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. About 300 Swallows; mostly Cliff, but some Barn, were seen on the electric wires on the north side of Willow Slough beside Lee Baldock's house. Aug. 12 Nearly 300 Swallows were again seen on the electric wires near the Baldock place. As before, the great majority are Cliff Swallows. 1951 Feb. 22 Bridges, 7 mi. west, 1 mi. north of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. The bridge at the corner of roads 31 + 95 had about half a dozen rather complete nests at the north end, but only partial remnants remained at the south end of the bridge. (This is bridge I in my key). The bridge 1/4 mile farther west of Bridge I (this is Bridge J) had no complete nests + very few remnants of former nests. In no case was there 1/2 a nest remaining.

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Mayhew 1951 Cliff Swallow 22. Feb. 22 Bridges, 7 mi. west, 1 mi. North of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. The bridge 1/4 mile still farther west (Bridge K) contained no trace of any of the nests that were used last year. Bridge, 4 1/2 mi. west, 5 mi. north of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. There were 7 complete nests in the extreme south-east corner of the bridge, + a few fragments of nests at other places, but the great majority of last year's nests have disappeared. (This is Bridge O in my key — 1 1/2 mi. west of county road 98 on road 27). Two bridges within 1/4 mile of the corner of roads 25 and 95 appear to offer a promise of more nests. The same is true of 2 other bridges, about 1/2 mile apart, on road 95 about 1/2 mile from north of road 27. A better prospect than any of these is a bridge on road 24, 1/2 mile west of road 93. Bridge, 4 mi. west of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. This bridge, at the entrance to the Pierce Ranch, contained only 2 complete nests, + very few fragments of other nests. Feb. 24 Bridge, 3 mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. There were very few complete nests seen under this bridge today. Although I didn't wade under the bridge, I checked the abutments with binoculars. I saw only about a dozen complete nests, and about 25 fragmentary nests still in place.

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Cliff Swallow 23. Mayhew 1951 March 23 Univ. of Calif. campus, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. As yet, no cliff swallows have returned to the south side of Life Sciences Building. A number of last year's nests are still present, and appear to be in rather good shape, too. March 24 Bridge, 10 mi. west, 1[illegible] mi. south of Turlock, Stanis. Co., Calif. No birds have made their appearance here as yet. Last year's nests are nearly all destroyed - a few complete nests remain. There is plenty of mud close at hand to build new nests. Crows Landing Bridge, 8 mi. W., 4 1/2 S. of Turlock, St. Co., Cal. This bridge is about 2 1/2 miles, airline, from the previous bridge. However, a large number of birds are already here. The majority of the nests look completed, or nearly so. April 11 Berkeley campus, Univ. of Calif, Alameda Co., Calif. Today was the first time I have seen ciff swallows around the Life Sciences Bldg, so far this year. There were about 2 dozen of them circling near the building about 11 A.M. However, when I looked again at 1 P.M. and at 3 P.M., I could see none of them. Again at 5 P.M., though, I could see 5 or 6 circling near the building. April 22 Bridge, 10 mi. W., 1[illegible] mi. S. of Turlock, Stanislaus Co., Calif. Still no swallows using either of these two bridges for nesting.

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Mayhew 1951 May 11 Cliff Swallow 24. Bridge 3mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. This bridge (Poleline Bridge) is again used by swallows this year, but the population seems smaller than last year. There aren't as many nests as last year. The tulips have grown up to the sides of the bridge, but have not yet stopped the birds from getting under the bridge.

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Mayhew 1947 May 18 Western Tanager Crows Landing Highway, 9 miles south Modesto, Stanislaus Co., Calif. At 3:20 P.M. this afternoon a single or in breeding plumage was seen sitting about 8' above the ground in an coleander bush. He remained silent all the time he was visible. As soon as I approached the bush he flew away toward the north-east. As this is the first time I have ever seen a Western Tanager in the San Joaquin Valley, he must be migrating through to his breeding grounds, although he seems to be a little late.

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Blue-winged Teal Mayhew 1949 June 30 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. Today I saw the first bird of this species that I have ever seen alive. It was a lone ♂, swimming with some Cinnamon Teal in the large drainage ditch that forms the southern boundary of the ranch. July 10 Today a lone ♂, which I assume to be the same one I have seen in the area for the past few days, was seen about ½ mile north of the pumping station at the south end of the ranch. He was seen in the mud flats just east of the main canal in company with several species of shore birds & some Cinnamon Teal. 1950 May 20 At 10:30 A.M. I saw a lone ♂ swimming in a field newly flooded for rice. He quacked a few times in a rather subdued manner. When I returned from the car with my binoculars, he was seen swimming with a ♀ that was apparently his mate. They alternately ate & preened themselves the 20 minutes that I watched them. At one time I was within 100 feet of them without disturbing them in the least. I don't know if the ♀ is a Cinnamon Teal with which he has paired, or if she also is a Blue-winged Teal. June 15 A pair was seen swimming in the drainage ditch forming the south boundary of the ranch. They were 2.3 miles east of the ranch's west

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Blue-winged Teal 2. Mayhew 1950 June 15 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. boundary. They did not fly when we stopped, but slowly swam east along a row of tules growing in the middle of the ditch. In about 3 minutes they flew past us toward the west & settled in a clump of tule. July 13 A pair were seen swimming in the drainage ditch that forms the south boundary of the ranch about 1/2 mile east of the Poleline Bridge over road 102. There was no sign of young birds with them or in the area near-by. 1952 April 6 Chiles Ranch, 3mi. N.E. of Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. Frank Chiles reported that 2 Blue-winged Teal flew up from a pond directly in back of his barn. as he rode up on horseback, & dropped into another pond at the south end of his ranch. April 7 This evening Frank & I went looking for the two & he saw yesterday, but could not find any trace of them.

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Mayhew 1950 Cinnamon Teal April 2 Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. This afternoon I saw 4 pairs in the large drainage ditch that forms the southern boundary of the ranch. Nearly always they were in open spots of water that are surrounded by tule. I didn't see one of them more than 15 feet from tule while they were on the water. April 4 Today 4 pairs of breeding birds were seen north & east of ranch headquarters. The first 2 pair were found about 20 yards apart. Each pair flew about 50 yards & settled into the tule in the same ditch from which they were flushed. When they were flushed again, both pairs flew to another ditch about 200 yards south of the original ditch, where they landed about 10 feet apart. 1952 Conaway Ranch, 2mi east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. April 29 A fairly large number of birds have been seen in the flooded rice fields & in the drainage ditch at the south end of the ranch. An occasional lone or is seen, but usually the birds are seen in pairs May 1 A nest was found today about 6 feet above the water on the north ditch bank of the main ditch north of ranch headquarters. The cover is about 8 inches high around the nest & is arched over the nest, so that it is rather well concealed. The nest contained 9 eggs, but not much down. The hen remained (1)

Mayhew 1952 Cinnamon Teal 2. May 1 Conaway Ranch, 2 mi. east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. on the nest until I was within 3 feet of the nest. I don't think I would have even seen the nest if she had remained on it. Two of the eggs were taken for the museum collection, & on blowing them, it was found that incubation had begun, but had not been going on very long. Humidity & temperature readings were taken at the nest, but the hen had been off the nest approximately 1 hour before I got the instruments to the nest. Since the nest had little down to maintain humidity & temp., the readings naturally were very close to readings taken on the ground nearby. However, the readings were: Relative humidity - 45% Temperature - 21°C. Readings taken waist high: R.H. - 52%. Temp. - 18°C. I think the reason the R.H. was higher in the air was that the same amount of moisture was present from the ground up, but since the air temp. was lower, this would make the relative humidity higher at waist height.

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Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Hermit Thrush Strawberry Canyon, U.C. Campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 9:20 A.M. one individual was seen preening his feathers in the midst of a chaparral thicket. When he finished preening, he hopped off into the underbrush without giving any notes of any kind.

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Mayhew (1947) May 21 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 3:20 P.M. one individual was seen hopping about on the lawn about 150 feet south of LSB. It would stand perfectly still for a few seconds, then make about 5 hops before stopping again. It was on the grass about 30 feet from the nearest cover. At 3:24 P.M., it flew to an old stump about 30 feet from the statue of the football players. At 3:25 P.M. it returned to the lawn, this time about 25 feet from the nearest cover. In a moment it flew into the cover. At 3:30 P.M. it returned to the grass. It has a hopping gait just like most sparrows. It hops 4 or 5 times, then stops for a moment. Occasionally it picks up some particles of food from the lawn. Apparently it is doing some feeding on insects, because once I saw it bounce against a small tree trunk with both feet & pick an insect off the trunk higher than it could otherwise reach.

Brown Towhee 1. Mayhew 1947 Mar, 1 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif, at 8:40 several of this species were seen to be feeding in company with a flock of Oregon Juncos. The individual Towhees tolerated the Juncos & fed much closer to them than they did other members of their own species. In feeding, they tended to work uphill. They hop about when feeding. After a short time, most of the individuals flew to the tops of the bushes nearby, and remained quiet for some minutes. Occasionally, what were presumed to be mating pairs were seen to be feeding quite close together. June 7 At 8:25 A.M., a single individual was seen sitting on a branch of a madrone just behind Bowles Hall. It was about 20 feet above the ground on the north-east side of the tree. It uttered a single note that sounded like a taip. The note was uttered on the same pitch each time, but it was uttered irregularly.

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Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. About 9 A.M. a pair appeared near the top of a willow thicket. The ♀ has a lighter colored head than the ♂, except for an occasional note, the pair were quiet. About 9:30 A.M. another individual was heard singing at fairly regular intervals on the side of Big C Hill. May 7 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 3:10 P.M. today I located a Spotted Towhee's nest on the ground in a clump of shrubs & trees next to Allston Way between LSB and the Men's Gym. The nest was constructed of rather course grass about a foot from a foxglove plant 5 feet high. The nest was so well hidden that I couldn't find it for quite a while, even though I saw the ♂ land in the grass nearby with food in his mouth. Finally I found it when I saw the ♀ leave the nest. The nest area was completely surrounded by redwoods, and there was an abundance of redwood needles all over the ground around the nest. The nest site was in a hollow so that the top of the nest was flush with the surface of the ground covering. The nest was about 3 1/2" in diameter and about 2" deep. Two young birds were in the nest.

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Mayhew 1947 Spotted Towhee 2, May 7 U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. Their eyes were still closed + they couldn't seem to be able to pick their heads up as yet. There was a narrow row of black fuzz down the middle of the backs of their bodies. There were also two brown, unhatched eggs in the nest. The rest of the vegetation right around the nest ranged from one to five feet in height; the average being about 18 inches. May 12 The parents weren't around at at 4:10 P.M. when I arrived at the nest site. There were still only two young, but they were covered with black down all over. Their eyes were open + they moved around within the nest occasionally.

Mayhew 1947 Mar. 8 Hutton Vireo Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 11:20 A.M. one individual was seen in an oak tree. It doesn't appear as neworo as the Ruby- crowned Kinglet, although it is similar in appearance. The white wing bar is more prominent in this vireo.

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Mayhew 1947 April 12 Turkey Vulture Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 10:00 A.M. two individuals were seen wheeling about overhead. They were less than 100' above the ground, + circled without flapping their wings. They came close enough that their naked red heads could be seen.

Mayhew 1947 Mar. 9 Audubon's Warbler Crows Landing Highway, 9 miles south of Modesto, Stanislaus Co., Calif. at 12:30 P.M. one individual (or) was seen on the corner post of a dairy corral. His yellow throat patch & wing patch were very prominent while he was stationary. His yellow rump patch showed up prominently when he would sally forth after an insect. While perched, he moved his head constantly from side to side. Occasionally he would hop a few paces along the fence rail, stop & look about, then hop along a few more paces. at 12:38 P.M. he did a series of acrobatics after an insect, then lit in a sycamore tree. When he was doing his acrobatics, the prominent white patches in the tail were easily seen. at 12:45 P.M. another or was seen operating from an electric wire about 12' off the ground. He was very active at this time, leaving the wire very often & catch insects. All the time he uttered a simple call note, which was uttered about every 3 seconds.

Pileolated Warbler Mayhew 1947 April 19 Wildcat Canyon, Contra Costa Co, Calif. at 9:30 A.M. one or was seen feeding in the outermost branches of a live oak. Its song seems to go along on an even pitch (tree-tree-tree-tree). It usually has 5 or 6 distinct notes to each song,

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Mayhew 1947 May 8 Cedar Waxwing 2520 College Ave, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. at 4:30 P.M. a flock of about 10 of this species landed in the western branches of an elm tree in front of the house. They began to feed on the young leaves that were just emerging from the buds. All the time they were in the tree they uttered weak, thin, high-pitched notes that seemed to be flocking notes. The top-knot, black patch through the eye and yellow tipped tail could all be seen easily. In only one bird did I see the red wax buds in the wing. They fed in a closely grouped flock — the entire flock didn't cover more than 6 feet square.

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Mayhew 1947 April 12 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 9:20 A.M. one individual was seen working in the branches of a pine about 8' above the ground. He would occasionally utter a few hasty notes, and his tail would bob at the same time. It seemed very restless, in that it remained on the move most of the time. June 7 Woolsey Canyon, Alameda Co., Calif. at 9:45 A.M. one was heard singing down in the canyon below us. Its song was something like this:(---). It also uttered some rather harsh chattering notes.

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Wren - Tit Mayhew 1947 Mar. 1 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 1:40 P.M. one individual was seen feeding in a small oak about 10' from the ground, occasionally to the ground. It moved rapidly about the limbs. Its long, ragged+ forked tail and light brownish underparts were noticeable. It was feeding on the undersides of leaves, apparently on insects. It seemed to stay in the freshest areas available. Its song was something like: - - - mmmmm.

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Mayhew 1949 June 26 Greater Yellow-legs Conaway Ranch, 2 miles east of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. A flock of 13 were seen in the large drainage ditch that marks the southern boundary of the ranch. One & Wilson Phalarope was in the flock with them. Two of the yellow-legs had one injured leg apiece, so that they hobbled around while feeding.

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FRATERNITIES AND CLUBS Abracadabra 2425 Ridge Road BE 8927 Acacia 2340 Piedmont Ave. BE 8958 Alpha Chi Sigma 2627 Virginia St. BE 9078 Alpha Delta Phi 2401 Ridge Road BE 9539 Alpha Kappa Lambda 01 Hearst BE 9294 Alpha Sigma Phi 2739 Channing Way BE 9408 Alpha Tau Omega 2465 Le Conte BE 8784 Bachlordom 2311 Le Conte Avenue BE 8783 Beta Theta Pi 2607 Hearst Ave. BE 8771 Chi Phi 2529 Hearst Ave. BE 8744 Chi Psi 2311 Piedmont Ave. BE 9444 Del Rey 1727 Euclid Ave, BE 9397 Delta Kappa Epsilon 2302 Piedmont BE 9190 Delta Tau Delta 2425 Hillside Ave. BE 9047 VAUGHN Step thru our Men's Shop to see the Smartest Selection of Popular Priced Women's Suits - Topcoats Sweaters - Skirts In the University Manner 2290 Telegraph - Berkeley 2169-75 Shattuck-Berkeley 1422 Broadway - Oakland

FRATERNITIES AND CLUBS . . . (Continued) Delta Upsilon 2425 Warring Street BE 9492 Kappa Alpha 2425 Piedmont Ave. BE 8961 Kappa Delta Rho 2250 Piedmont BE 9322 Kappa Nu 2241 College Ave. AS 8546 Kappa Sigma 2220 Piedmont Ave. BE 8721 Lambda Chi Alpha 1755 LeRoy BE 9332 Phi Delta Theta 2717 Hearst Ave. BE 9130 Phi Gamma Delta 2395 Piedmont Ave. BE 8946 Phi Kappa Psi 2625 Hearst Ave. BE 1725 Phi Kappa Sigma 1756 Euclid Ave. BE 9267 Phi Kappa Tau 2335 Piedmont Ave. BE 8875 Phi Sigma Kappa 2241 College Ave. AS [illegible] Pi Kappa Alpha 2324 Piedmont BE 4104 Pi Lambda Phi 2241 College Ave. AS 8546 It's time to re-saddle! All sizes— always— at Roos Bros 7.95

Mayhew 1947 Mar. 29 Pocket Gopher Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. AT 8:30 A.M. a gopher's hole was found in the grassland habitat. The dirt was pushed out pan-shaped with the hole at the base of the pan. There were several openings to the hole or fairly close association with each other.

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Calif. Field Mouse Mayhew 1947 Mar. 29 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. At 9:40 A.M. a microtus hole was found at the side of the road just above the old CCE camp. The hole was found in canary island grass, the runway leading away from the hole was on top of the ground, with the grass forming a tunnel for cover.

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Calif. Ground Squirrel Mayhew 1947 Mar. 29 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 9:15 A.M. a ground squirrel hole was found in the side of a hill in a grassland habitat above the stadium. The hole was about 8" by 6", and the grass around it was rather short. June 7 at 9:04 A.M. we came upon several burrows of ground squirrels, around the mouths of which were scattered the remains of thistle heads. Apparently, they had cut the heads from the plants, then torn apart for the seeds they contain. The burrows were all on a south-facing slope, which dropped away at quite an angle. The ground was rather bare except for the occasional patches of thistles and a low cover of grasses. Some of the holes didn't have as much dirt around the opening as is usually encountered at a ground squirrel hole, nor was the opening as large as usual. One hole was only about 4 inches in diameter. The rest, however, were about 7 inches in diameter.

Dusty-footed Wood Rat Mayhew 1947 Mar. 29 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. at 9:55 A.M. several nests of this species were found in a grove of pine above the Calif. Fish & Game Laboratory. The nests were very loose. One was about 12' above the ground, another was about 20' above the ground. The nests seemed to be composed of pine needles. The largest one was approximately 5' in diameter. at 10:20 A.M. another nest was found; this time in a wet chaparral habitat on a north-facing slope just south of Strawberry pool. This nest was on the ground. It was about 6' feet in diameter & rather loosely constructed. It consisted of several chambers. Cut green elderberry & Calif. laurel were found in the nest. The nest was anchored to an elderberry bush.

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FRATERNITIES AND CLUBS . . (Continued) Psi Upsilon 1815 Highland Place BE 9272 Sigma Alpha Epsilon 2722 Bancroft BE 8959 Sigma Alpha Mu 1735 Le Roy Ave. BE 9270 Sigma Chi 2345 College Ave. BE 0062 Sigma Nu 2710 Bancroft Way BE 9340 Sigma Phi [illegible] Piedmont Ave. BE 0564 Sigma Phi Epsilon 2731 Bancroft BE 9117 Sigma Phi Sigma 2312 Warring St. BE 9007 Theta Chi 2462 Le Conte BE 8812 Theta Delta Chi 2647 Durant Ave. BE 2267 Theta-Xi 1730 La Loma Ave. BE 9113 Zeta Beta Tau 1712 Euclid Ave. BE 9507 Zeta Psi 2251 College Avenue BE 9118 Who, me? I just mail a check. I never walk all over town to pay bills. It's SO old-fash- ioned. ANGLO BANK SPECIAL CHECKS 10 cents each in books of ten or twenty Keep any amount on deposit ANGLO CALIFORNIA NATIONAL BANK SHATTUCK at BANCROFT MEMBER FEDERAL DEPOSIT INSURANCE CORPORATION Cliff Thebaut 2236 TELEGRAPH AVE., BERKELEY * Tennis * Men's & Women's Active Sportswear * Ski Center . . . Boots, Skis, Clothing, Rental Service * Headquarters for Women's Spalding Shoes Agents for A. G. Spalding Bros. West's Largest Jewelers 17 Stores to Serve You! GENSLER-LEE DIAMOND SPECIALISTS Yes, Gensler - Lee Sells More Diamonds Than Any other Jew- eler in The West!

SORORITIES AND CLUBS Alpha Chi Omega BE 2507 1756 LeRoy Ave. BE 2508 Alpha Delta Chi TH 0162 2627 Haste St. Alpha Delta Pi BE 8660 2400 Piedmont Ave. BE 8661 Alpha Epsilon Pi , 2721 Channing Way Alpha Gamma Delta BE 1816 2726 Channing Way BE 1817 Alpha Kappa Alpha No chapter house Alpha Omicron Pi BE 8800 2311 Prospect St. BE 8801 Alpha Phi BE 1044 2830 Bancroft Way BE 1045 Alpha Xi Delta BE 9556 2833 Bancroft Way BE 9557 Casa Hispana BE 9497 2535 Piedmont Ave. Chi Omega BE 9166 2421 Piedmont Ave. BE 9167 Delta Delta Delta BE 7349 2300 Warring St. BE 9491 Delta Gamma BE 9[illegible] 2710 Channing Way BE [illegible] Delta Sigma Theta No chapter house Renschoffs our sun fashions have Such an air about them!

Mayhew 1947 Aneides lugubris (Arboreal Salamander) L. May 10 Wildcat Canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. One was found under a rock along the stream south of the Tilden Park golf course club house. He was a small one about 4" long. Another was found a few minutes later under another rock. The temperature of the animal was 15.7°C, the temperature of the soil, which could have moisture squeezed from it, was 13°C. The air temperature 3' above the ground was 19.6°C.

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Batrachoseps attenuatus (Slender Salamander) Mayhew 1947 May 10 Wildcat Canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. 3 of this species were seen under a rock in the cool, rather damp soil about 3 feet above the stream running just south of the Tilden Park golf course clubhouse. Water could be squeezed from the soil on which they were resting. The temperature of the soil was 13°C., and the temperature on the back of the animals was 14°C. They are rather long (3"), slender animals with very small legs. All three were curled up.

Maghew 1947 May 10 Ensatina eschscholtzii (Red Salamander) Wildcat canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. One specimen was found trying to escape into a burrow in the damp soil just above the edge of a small stream just south of Tilden Park golf course club house. It was very active in its attempt to escape. The burrow was covered by two rocks. The animal was dark on the back, red on the sides & belly. When the animal is stimulated, a milky secretion is given off all along the tail which is supposedly poisonous. The drier the milky substance gets, the stickier it becomes. When he is irritated, he stands high on his legs, & occasionally flips its tail at the stimulus. When thrown into the water, it swam with the posterior part of the body & the tail - not by the feet. The upper iris is silvery in color, whereas the lower part of the iris is dark brown.

Hylo regilla (Tree toad) Mayhew 1947 May 10 Wildcat Canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. 2 specimens were found along a little stream just south of Tilden Park golf course clubhouse. One was grunit-yellow + blended in perfectly with the little stick on which he was sitting about 2" from the water. His body temperature was 14° C, the water temp. was 12.7° C., air temp. was 16° C. He was sitting below an alder tree right at the edge of the stream. The other specimen was bright green. Horsetails were the commonest plants around the area where these 2 were found. Both were M, which could be told by the dark gular patches. After being in captivity for a few minutes, one was a bright green in color, the other was a dark brownish-green. The mask through the eye was prominent in both specimens. The gular pouch was rather folded - it is used in making croaking sounds. Two egg capsules were found attached to a stick close to the shore of a small pool about 8' in diameter. One capsule was broken over, but the other one still contained eggs. The capsules were gelatinous in nature, about 1" in diameters. Each egg was contained in its own separate capsule within the large capsule. The stick was about 2" below the surface. The temperature of the water was 12.5° C.

Mayhew 1947 Rana aurora (Red-legged frog) I. May 10 Wildcat canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. One specimen was found in the bottom of a pool about 10' in diameter, and about 2 1/2' deep. He remained motionless between two rocks. His sides were red, his back was dark in color. The pond was completely shaded.

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Mayhew 1947 Triturus granulossus L. May 10 Wildcat canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. One was seen at the bottom of a small pool just south of the Tilden Park golf course club house. It was setting motionless on the rocky bottom in about 12 inches of water. The temperature of the water was 12.5° C. The animal was very dark on the back + reddish-orange on the belly. (T. granulossus has a sharp line of color between back + belly, whereas T. torosus has a graded color between. Also, T. granulossus has a smaller eye [cornea doesn't reach the edge of the jaw], the iris is silvery [lemon-yellow in T. torosus]). Another one, smaller in size, was seen a little later in the same pool. The larger one was about 6" long, the smaller one about 4" long. Whatever movements either animal made were very slow + deliberate. They only moved one leg at a time. Water striders, whirligig beetles, + water boatmen were also seen in this pool. A stick was found with 7 egg masses attached. The young had already hatched, and the external gills were readily observable on the young within the capsule. The stick was found in a pool about 2 & 3" below the surface. The eggs were sheltered from the sunlight.

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Mayhew 1947 Triturus granulosus 2. May 10 Wildcat canyon, Contra Costa Co., Calif. The capsules varied in size from 1/2" in diameter & 2" in diameter. The larvae were about 1" long, light green in color, with 2 black longitudinal marks down the back. The dark eyes were very prominent. The larvae were able to move about within the capsule. When the adults were seen swimming, it was noticed that they use the tail almost exclusively — the hind limbs are held back beside the tail, and forward movement is caused by lateral undulations of the tail.

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TRACK SCHEDULE April 10—Olympic Club at Berkeley (tentative) April 17—UCLA at Los Angeles (Westwood) April 24—Washington at Berkeley May 1—USC at Berkeley May 8—Stanford at Palo Alto May 15—Fresno Relays (night) May 21—L. A. Coliseum Relays (night) May 22—California Relays at Modesto (night) May 29—Pacific Coast Conference (probably at Los Angeles) June 18-19—NCAA at Minneapolis, Minn. June 22 or 29—Big Nine-PCC dual meet at Evanston, Ill. July 2 and 3—National A.A.U. Senior and Junior, Championships (date and site not set yet). July 10-11-12—Olympic Tryouts probably, at Chicago. Franklin at Hobart, Oakland Classroom Cottons calculated to make a man lose the place in his notes. From 12.95 up in Lindberg's Sports Shop

RUGBY SCHEDULE February 19 and 21—University of British Columbia at Vancouver. February 28—Olympic Club March 6—Stanford March 13 and 16—All-Australians (tentative) March 18 and 20—USC March 26 and 27—UCLA at Los Angeles April 2 and 3—USC or UCLA — Why Bears make a beaten path to Moore's Hart Schaffner+Marx clothes Manhattan shirts Rough Rider slacks Alligator Rainwear Interwoven socks Bostonian shoes Stetson Hats Rosenblum Co-ed Suits Moore's 123 STEPS FROM SATHER GATE UNIVERSITY SHOP

Plant Catalogue Mayhew 1948 May 6 1715 Spruce St. Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. 1. Plantago lanceolata L. (English Plantain) Herb about 22" high; branched from base; leaves with long, slender petioles; herbage clammy; spikes only partially in flower; stems and leaf petioles purple at base. Altitude about 100 ft., found growing beside sidewalk with several species of Graminae. May 7 9 mi. south Modesto, Stanislaus Co., Calif. 2. Eschscholtzia californica Cham. (Calif. Poppy) Herbs about 12" high; branched from base; leaves much divided; flowers golden-yellow-orange; close in late afternoon; herbage clammy. Altitude 100 ft.; found growing at the edge of a garden; all near-by plants were of this species. 3. Euphorbia peplis L. (Petty Spurge) Herb about 8" high; herbage glabrous; most of the leaves alternate; flowers small, no corolla. Altitude 100 ft.; found growing beneath poplar tree. May 8 9 mi. south Modesto, Stanislaus Co., Calif. 4. Polygonum aviculare L. (Wire Grass) Herb about 10" high; foliage glabrous; small flowers in axiles of leaves; wide spread over the ground. Altitude 100 ft.; found growing on hard-packed ground near driveway. 5. Cynodon dactylon (L.) Pers. (Bermuda Grass) Grass usually not over 8" high; grows in close-packed groups; sprouts from nodes. Altitude 100 ft.; found growing at edge of lawn.

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Mayhew 1948 Plant Catalogue 2. May 8 9 mi. south of Modesto, Stanislaus Co., Calif. 6. Hordeum murinum L. (Foxtail) Grass that branches from the ground; large bushy heads; about 10-12" high. Altitude 100 ft.; found growing at the edges of cultivated fields in waste areas. May 9 1433 Spruce St. Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. 7. Medicago hispida Gaertn. (Bur Clover) Herb with nearly glabrous foliage; prominent spiny pods; flowers minute, yellow; leaves divided into 3 lobes. Altitude about 100 ft.; found growing on some uncultivated ground in back of the house, along with several species of Graminae. Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. May 12 8. Montia perfoliata (Donn) Howell (Miner's Lettuce) Herb 6 to 18 inches high; corolla white; herbage glabrous; clammy; found in moist soil in the shade of Quercus agrifolia on a north-facing slope; altitude 200 feet; growing with Plantago, Medicago, several species of Umbelliferae and Graminae, Stellaria. 9. Medicago arabica All. (Spotted Medick) Found in the shade of Quercus agrifolia on a north-facing slope, in damp soil; plants were from 4 to 15 inches high; corolla yellow; herbage slightly hairy; altitude 200 feet; found growing with Montia, Plantago, several species of Umbelliferae and Graminae, Stellaria. 10. Stellaria media (L.) Cyr. (Common Chickweed) Found in same location as #9 above; corolla

Plant Catalogue May 12 1948 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. 10. (cont.) white; herbage slightly hairy; plants from 4 to 24 inches long; stems usually running for most of their length along the ground; altitude 200 feet on a north-facing slope. 11. Heracleum lanatum Michx. (Cow Parsnip) These plants were found in the same location as the preceding species; plants were about 6 feet high; corolla white; Rubus and Rhus also present at this location. 12. Rubus vitifolius C.+S. (Calif. Blackberry) Found also in the shade of Quercus agrifolia on a north-facing slope; altitude 200 feet; plants about 4 feet high; corolla white; stems with very sharp prickles. 13. [illegible] Galium aparine L. (Goose Grass) Found beneath the same Quercus agrifolia; herb from 6 to 24 inches high; stems were dry at the bottom, but were fresh at the top; very sticky herbage; corolla white, very small; 4 petals. 14. Stachys bullata Benth. (Hedge Nettle) Found also beneath the same Quercus agrifolia; plants up to 24 inches in height; corolla purplish, with darker reddish spots on the lower lip; herbage slightly hairy. 15. Myosotis sylvatica Hoffm. (Forget-me-not) Herb found along path on north-facing slope; altitude 200 feet; growing in shade of Umbellularia californica, along with Rhus diversiloba, Rubus vitifolius and R. parviflorus, Symphoricarpos albus;

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Mayhew 1948 Plant Catalogue 4. May 12 Strawberry Canyon, U.C. campus, Alameda Co., Calif. 15. (cont.) herbage hairy; corolla light blue, with yellow or white crests at the throat; plants from 8 to 30 inches high. May 13 1433 Spruce St. Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. 16. Bellis perennis L. (Daisy) Herb found in lawn; grows to about 6 inches in height; rays white, disc yellow, sometimes rays tipped with purple; leaves basal; altitude 100 feet; herbage clammy. 17. Taraxacum vulgare (Lam.) Schrank (Dandelion) Herb found growing in the lawn; grows from 3 to 10 inches high; corollas yellow; 2 sets of inolucreal bracts, inner ones straight + erect; outer ones reflexed; leaves basal; altitude 100 feet. 18. Bromus rigidus Roth. ("Ripgut" Grass) Grass up to 30 inches high; open panicles; found growing irregularly with several other species of Graminae in an uncultivated piece of ground next to a fence in back of the house; altitude 100 feet. 19. Avena fatua L. (Wild Oat) Grass growing up to 30 inches; heads nodding; very common in an uncultivated piece of ground next to a fence in back of the house; found with several other species of Graminae; altitude 100 feet. May 14 Corner-Grizzly Peak Road + Marlborough Terr., Alameda Co., Calif. 20. Ranunculus californicus Benth. (Calif. Buttercup) Herb, 6 to 12 inches high; yellow, shiny corolla;

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Plant Catalogue Mayhew 1948 May 14 Corner Grizzly Peak Road & Marlborough Terr., Alameda Co, Calif. 20. (cont.) herb slightly hirsute; leaves much divided; found on an east-facing slope; altitude 1100 feet; growing with Sidalcea, Solanum, Brodiaea capitata, Rhus diversiloba, Baccharis, several species of Graminae; soil rocky with little top soil. 21. Brodiaea capitata Benth. (Blue Dick) Herb growing solitary, one flower head to a plant; grows from a bulb; corolla deep blue; leaves grass-like; found on an east-facing slope; altitude 1100 feet; growing with Rhus diversiloba, Sidalcea malvaeflora, Solanum umbelliferum, Baccharis, & several species of Graminae; little top soil; grow from 6 to 15 inches high. 22. Sidalcea malvaeflora Gray (Checker Bloom) Herb from 8 to 24 inches high; several flowers in each cluster; corolla pink to purplish; two types of flowers — perfect and pistillate — perfect flowers larger; herbage hairy; found on east-facing slope, growing with Brodiaea capitata, Solanum umbelliferum, Rhus diversiloba, Baccharis, & several species of Graminae; altitude 1100 feet. 23. Solanum umbelliferum Esch. (Blue Witch) Woody-stemmed herb found growing in the shade of Quercus agrifolia, with Brodiaea capitata, Rhus diversiloba, Baccharis, Sidalcea malvaeflora, & several species of Graminae near by; corolla blue, stamens sessile around style, bright yellow; grows to about 24 inches high, altitude 1100 feet; soil rather rocky; blossoms nearly hidden by grass.

Mayhew 1948 Plant Catalogue 6. May 14 Corner Grizzly Peak Road + Marlborough Terr., Alameda Co., Calif. 24. Brassica nigra (L.) Koch (Black Mustard) Herb from 3 to 6 feet high; growing in a Thick stand on a south-facing slope in open chaparral; bright yellow flowers; slender stems with petioled leaves; altitude 1100 feet. 25. Erodium cicutarium L'Her. (Red-stem Filaree) Herb from 3 to 10 inches high; reddish stems near the base; corolla light purple; fruit with long beak; found growing along a road cut on the side of a hill (west-facing) along with Medicago apiculata, M. hispida, M. lupulina, Baccharis, Artemisia, Cirsium; fairly large amount of soil; altitude 1100 feet. 26. Sambucus glauca Nutt. (Blue Elderberry) Tree-like bush about 10 feet high, growing through a Baccharis bush on a north-facing slope just below a road cut; other plants near by were Rhus diversiloba, Cirsium, Rubus parviflorus, R. vitifolius; altitude 1100 feet. 27. Medicago apiculata Willd. (Medick) Herb from 6 inches to 2 feet long; 3-lobed leaves; herbage clammy; corolla yellow; pods coiled but unarmed; found along Grizzly Peak Road about 75 yards north of Marlborough Terr. growing with M. hispida, + M. lupulina, as well as Erodium cicutarium, Artemisia and Baccharis; altitude 1100 feet; soil fairly deep, but some- what dry; The three species of Medicago were intermixed so much that it was hard to collect the specimens intact.

Mayhew 1948 Plant Catalogue 7. May 18 1645 Spruce St. Berkeley, Alameda Co, California 28. Sisyrinchium bellum Wats. (Blue-eyed Grass) Herb from 4 to 18 inches high; grass-like leaves, all basal; corolla blue, petals yellow at the base; herbage clammy; found growing in rather dry soil in an open grassy plot between buildings with Medicago hispida, Plantago lanceolata, Avena fatua, and several other species of Graminae; altitude 100 feet. May 19 1433 Spruce St. Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. 29. Matricaria suaveolens (Pursh) Buch. (Pineapple Weed) Small herb, 2 to 4 inches high; leaves pinnately dissected; flowers greenish; no rays; found growing on hard packed soil between sidewalk and street, along with Medicago hispida, Hordeum murinum, Taraxacum vulgare, Lolium perenne, and Anagallis arvensis; altitude 100 feet. 30. Senecio vulgaris L. (Common Groundsel) Herb from 4 to 14 inches high; black-tipped involucreal bracts; flowers yellow; no rays; herbage clammy; found on rather hard packed soil in a flower garden border in back of the house; growing with Anagallis arvensis, Bromus rigidus, Euphorbia peplys, Stellaria media; alitude 100 feet. May 20 Corner Grizzly Peak Road + Marlborough Terr., Alameda Co, Calif. 31. Carduus pycnocephalus L. (Thistle) Herb growing from 6 inches to 4 feet high; very prickly stems and leaves; flowers clustered near the top; corolla blue to purple; found growing on an east-facing slope along with Rubus

Mayhew 1948 Plant Catalogue 8. May 20 Corner Grizzly Peak Road & Marlborough Terr. Alameda Co., Calif. 31. Vitifolius, Avena fatua, Bromus, Sidalcea mal- vaeflora, and Brodiaea capitata; altitude 1100 feet. 5 miles north of Woodland, Yolo Co., Calif. May 21 32. Phalaris minor Retz. (Canary Grass) Grass found growing from 10 inches to 3 feet high; heads compact; florets flattened; found growing on a moist irrigation ditch bank beside a road, along with Avena fatua, Hordeum murinum, Cirsium, Bromus; altitude about 60 feet.

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