Field notes, v580

DeBenedictis, Paul A.

Unknown

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

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Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Contributed by Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. | www.biodiversitylibrary.org

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DeBenedictis, Paul 1960 - 1963 1- California: Local and Placer Co. May 14 - September 25, 1960 Catalogue Nos. 1-86 Journal Species Accounts Amphibians Reptiles 2- Miscellaneous: Mexico, California, Oregon August 30, 1960 - October 19, 1963 Catalogue Nos. 87-278 Journal Species Accounts Amphibians Salamanders Frogs Reptiles Lizards Snakes Mammals Birds

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DeBenedictis, PAUL California: local and PlacerCo. May 14 - September 25, 1960 Catalogue Nos. 1-86. Journal Species Accounts Amphibians Reptiles

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0.6 mi. SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6500 ft, Placer Co., Calif. Aug 14, 1960 1. Rana muscosa 2. " " 0.65 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6650 ft, Placer Co., Calif. Aug 14, 1960 3. Rana muscosa 4. " " 0.7 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6900 ft, Placer Co., Calif. Aug 14, 1960 5. Rana muscosa 6 " " 0.7 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6800 ft Placer Co., Calif. Aug 14, 1960 7. Rana muscosa 8. " " 9 " " 10. " " 0.7 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6900 ft. Placer Co., Calif. Aug 14, 1960 11. Rana muscosa 12. Hyla regella (tadpoles) 13. " " " 14. " " " 15. " " " 16. " " "

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0.7 mi SW Squaw Vally (P.O.), 6900 ft. Placer Co., Calif. Aug 14, 1960 17. Hyla regella 18. " " (tadpole) 19. " " " 20. " " " 21. " " " Squaw Meadows, Squaw Vally, 6200 ft., Placer Co., Calif. Aug. 16, 1960 22. Thamnophis sirtalis 23. Rana muscosa 24. " " 25. " " 26. Hyla regella 27. Bufo boreas 0.6 mi SW Squaw Vally, 6500 ft., Placer Co., Calif Aug. 17, 1960 28. Rana muscosa 1.5 mi SW Squaw Vally, 7200 ft, Placer Co., Calif. Aug 17, 1960 29. Rana muscosa 30. " " 31. " " 32. " " Hombo Meadows, 1.6 mi SW Squaw Vally, 7440 ft, Placer Co., Calif Aug 17, 1960 33 Hyla regella 34 " "

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Five lakes, 1.7 mi S., 1.4 mi W Squaw Valley, 7500 ft., Placer Co., Calif Aug. 17, 1960 35. Hyla regella 36. Rana muscosa 37. " " 38. " " 39. " " 40. " " 41. " " 42. " " 43 Thamnophis sirtalis 0.7 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6900 ft., Placer Co., Calif. Aug 17, 1960 44. Hyla regella (tadpoles) 45. " " " 46. " " " 47. " " 48. Hyla vegella (tadpoles) 49. " " " 30. " " " 51. " " " 52. " " " Kings Beach, 6230 ft., Placer Co., Calif. Aug. 17, 1960 53 Thamnophis elegans

4 251,002 8301 6279 3000 (ملا) (ملا) 25 15 20 30 35 40 45 47 silotus sidqamand 4.09 , 4000 (ملا) 6,000 (ملا) 48 " " 49 50 51 (شهاب) الملا شهاب " " " " " " King's College, 6330 (ملا) 20,000 (ملا) 52 53

Squaw Meadows, Squaw Vally, 6200 ft., Placer Co., Calif. Aug. 18, 1960 54 Buto boreas 55 " " 56 " " 57 " " 58 " " 59 " " 60 " " 61 " " 62. Hyla vegella 63. " " 64. " " 65. " " 66. " " 67. " " 68. " " 69. " " 70. " " 71. " " Squaw Meadows, Squaw Vally, 6200 ft Placer Co., Calif. Aug. 19, 1960 72. Hyla regella 73. Buto boreas 74. " " 75. " "

Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. August 26, 1960 16. Thamnophis elegans Strawberry Canyon, Becheley, Alameda Co., Calif. Sept. 7, 1960 17 Thamnophis elegans 18 Scapanosa latimanus Jewel lake, Chas. hce Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif Sept. 11, 1960 19. Rana aurora 20 Tavicha torosa. 21 " " 22 " " Jewel lake, Chas. b. Tilden Regional Park Contra Costa Co., Calif Sept. 25, 1960 23 Rana aurora 24 " " 25 Rana pipiens (introduced) 26 " " 57.6 mi (byroad) of Guadalajara, Jalisco, N Mexico - (collector T. Papenfuss - H.A. Eudey) Aug 30, 1960 27 Hypopachus oxyrrhinus 28 " " 45.1 mi S.W Colima, Colima, Mexico Aug 31, 1960 (T. Papenfuss - MA. Eudey, Collected) 29 Hyla smithi 30 " "

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Aug 13, 1960 Berkeley, Calif., to Squaw Valley, Calif. By some lucky miracle we got off at 10:30 AM. Our destination is Squaw Valley, where our family will spend a week vacationing. I noticed little to interest from Berkeley to Sacramento, which occupied the first part of our trip (we got to Sacramento about 12:30 PM.). About at Auburn the scenery became more interesting, as conifers began appearing in the forest and Erioginum began appearing along the road, which I hoped would be good forleps. However the general aspect of the low Sierras was one of dryness. About 12 or 13 miles below Emigrant Gap, we began running low on gas, and it was quite a squeeze to make it to Emigrant Gap. Here we got gas at a Mobile station, and I saw a Speyeria as we were leaving the station. We passed a Shell Station about a half mile further on. Along the road I saw several Strymon (saepium type) in the Erioginum, a couple of orange butterflies, and a skipper flying, but we didn't stop anywhere except at Observation Pt. at Emigrant Pass (7100 ft.). As you might guess there were almost no flowers here, but rather an abundance of small bushes and empty beer cans among the granite outcroppings. I saw a Speyeria ? hydaspe and a Scolopous , but got nothing. Tony #@!!# caught 2 Strymon saepium ♂ and a ♀ Speyeria eglais . From here we went to Truckee, where we got some groceries, and from there to Squaw Valley. On Calif 89 from Truckee I saw a couple of Speyerias.

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Aug. 13, 1960 Squaw Vally, 6200 ft., Placer Co., Calif - we discovered we have a very nice house at Squaw Vally, with even more room than we all need! The first thing Tony and I did was see if there were any animals around. I got a pair of Icarea acmon, and we saw a few others and some cabbage whites. It is quite dry here. It is quite dry here, and the mountains don't look too moist, but there seems to be a little snow on Squaw Peak (it turned out to be clean granite). We are right across from Squaw Meadows, which looks like it might be good for Thamnophis, and is, unfortunately, unfortunately, privately owned. Tomorrow Tony and I plan to hike up to the Five Lakes, about 7600 ft. We have a squirrel in the back yard. Aug. 14, 1960 Unnamed Creek along Squaw Pk. Ski lift - Tony and I left home about 9:45 AM today for the Five lakes. The sky had a few faint clouds which rapidly gave way to very scattered cumulus clouds, but stayed quite warm although windy. We saw almost nothing until we got to 6450 ft. along the creek. I did get a Pieris occidentalis ♀ and saw a few ? Mylitta. The creek we are following is unnamed on my topos, but flows down from Squaw Peak between it and RT-22, and runs parallel to the Squaw Peak Ski lift (which unfortunately isn't running). In a damp area along a seepage, daisies, viburnium, and Phycoides were abundant, and I saw a (?gray) blue. At about 6500 ft. Tony found 3 frits along another seepage, and we each got one. Above this I got another and a S. melinius ♂. Then we spied a

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Aug. 14, 1960 Unnamed Creek along Squaw Peak Ski Lift. patch of flowers (mostly golden rod, but some Erioginum & daies).. at the creek near this. There are a lot of alders near here. Here we got numerous sfits (all the same, S. marmouia ), a ? P. montana, 2 blues (saepiolus + icaroides), and a # Tharsalea avota. Following the creek upwards, I frightened a Rana into a pool. I got it, my first heup of the trip. It is quite yellow beneath, and seemingly larger than the ones in Contra Costa Co. Working up the ereek to about 6800 ft, we got 3 more (the second one was a real giant, as big as a [illegible]) and missed acouple more, and we got more avota, h. editha, & S. californica. Tony got more avota than I, but I got both (i.e. all) the californica. Finally we decided it would be casier to follow the path along the creek, so we went up to it, and ate lunch at this time. Then we set off along the road where we found a large meadow, Were a trickle of water flowed diagonally (east ward) across the meadow, and along this I found a pool containing tads of Hyle & another Species of anurian. I got a small Rana here too, so this may be what the other ads are. Above this where the creek forked, Tony discovered coppers (avota + editha) were thick, and we each got several. I also got 4 sfits & another S. californica. We got 2 Rana in the creek here, and saw for 2 others. We then tried to get to the S lakes, but discovered we were about 400 ft too low, and we decided to turn back. We got a few more butterflies on the way back, and Tony pointed out a seepage area where we got 4 more Rana. There were no

Aug 19, 1960 0.6 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6500 ft., Placer Co., Calif. This photo shows the lowest site we really found good for collecting. Frits, Syglevia mormonia, and Phycoides (mostly & mylitts) were abundant in the golden rod beyond me, on both sides of the road. The trees in the back ground are alders, and the ski lift goes to Squaw Peak. Arsching flew along the creek and Rana muscosa was taken in the creek to the left of the picture (not shown). The locality should actually read, "1.2 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6500 ft., Placer Co., Calif."

1, 1960 0.65 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6700 ft. Placer Co., Calif. This scene was taken looking eastward towards Squaw Valley. The general open aspect of the area is apparent. It has been cleared for skiing, the clearing at the top of the picture is Squaw Meadows, and the skating rink of the Olympic Games shows clearly. In and along the creek in the lower half of the picture (running down the canyon from Squaw Peak) Rang muscosa, Tharsalea arota, hycarea edithae, and Phycoides were seen. Dragon flies were conspicuously absent. Small rodents (chipmunks mostly) were abundant in the rocks. label should read, "1.3 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6500 ft, etc."

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Aug. 19, 1960 0.7 mi SW Squaw Valley, (P.O.), 6800 ft., Placer Co., Calif. Another view looking down into Squaw Valley, from 400 feet higher than the last picture. The site at 6500 ft is at the clump of low [illegible] below the clear patch at the middle of the picture. Four Rana moscava were taken in the seepage pools in the lower part of the pictures (# 7-10). The pools, although of clear water, were quite dirty in appearance. Again note the openness of the area. The label should read, "1.4 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6800 ft., Placer Co., Calif."

Aug 14, 1960 0.65 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6700 ft, Placer Co., Calif. Looking north from above the creek which runs parallel to the Squaw Peak Ski lift. Most of the Pines have been cleared for skiing, but lower shrubbery is abundant. The peak in the background is little over 7600 ft., and, apparently, unnamed. Taken while we ate lunch today. Label should read, "1.3 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6700 ft, etc"

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ug. 14, 1960 Unnamed Creek along Squaw Ph. Ski lift, Calif. Tads here. On the rest of the way down we were both tired and thirsty, as we used all the water in my canteen on the way up, and didn't feel much like collecting. I did get a perfect & P. montana, and Tony got a rugged & pine white at 6900 ft. He also got a & saepium in the valley. He got more lepidopt erans (and better ones) than I. I got only 1 decent & avota, but 2 good fs. I have 2 good Bs of editha, and 1 good f + 1 fair pair of frits. We took 5 pictures today; one of the skating rings, 1 of the Rana and frit site at 6500 ft, [illegible] 2 of Squaw Valley, the last including the seapage where we got four Rana, and one of the mountains along (north of) the creek. Aug 14, 1960 Truchee River, Placer Co., Calif - About 4:30 PM Bruce convinced the rest of the family we should go fishing, so we went to the Truchee River. The campground north of Squaw Valley Road proved to be no good, so we stopped along Calif. 89 where Squaw Creek enters the Truchee River. I went up the creek looking for frogs or snakes, but saw nothing but a few fish which Mary and I couldn't catch. The Truchee River seems too swifter for frogs, having no quiet pools where they could get out of the current. No one caught any fish, but we must have fed quite a few, because we sure used a lot of bait. I saw one butterfly c skipper, on a daisy along the river. Aug 14, 1960 Squaw Valley, 6200ft, Placer Co., Calif - This evening Mary, Bruce, the twins, and I strolled through Squaw Meadows (the owners don't mind, we found out) to the creek. Squaw.

Aug 17, 1960 Squaw Valley, 6200 ft, Placer Co., Cal. Creek has no granite outcroppings here, flows slower, has many deep pools, and seem to be a poor spot for frogs. I don't believe any are present here. I saw a few small fish. There might be some snakes in the meadow. I forgot to mention that this morning on our hike Tony saw a ? mint along the creek, and I think I saw a Sceloporus on the granite at about 6600 ft along the creek. No plans for tomorrow. I wish I had brought a thermometer! Aug 15, 1960 Squaw Valley to Meeks Bay, Calif. Today we went to Meeks Bay on Lake Tahoe. Although we passed some interesting creeks on the way, there was little [illegible] (to be exact, Lake Tahoe & lady bathers) at the bay. The edge of Lake Tahoe from Tahoe City to here is heavily built up., and the forest is either dense pine or low but thick manzanita scrub. Meek's Bay is terribly built up, and we were right in the middle of a resort. Mary and Bruce wandered off, and we though they got lost, but we finally found them, fishing along the bay north or the [illegible]. The Truchee River from Squaw Valley to Tahoe City looks interesting. Wasted day. Aug 16, 1960 Truckee River, 0.5 to 1.1 mi S. Squaw Creek Road, 6280 ft., Placer Co., Calif. - This afternoon we went to the Truckee River, Bruce & Mary to fish, Tony and I to to collect. When we went by this area yesterday I noticed many flowers along the river and thought there should be butterflies along it. As one approaches Tahoe City the river becomes wider and slower, changing from a

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Aug. 14, 1960 Truckee River S of Squaw Valley Road, Placer Co., Calif: swift rocky stream to a wide, marshy-bordered river to an alder swamp. We collected in the area along the transition from rocky stream to grassy marsh. We first stopped at a place 0.6 miles (by road.) beyond the bridge where Calif. 89. crosses the Truckee River. Here the river was very wide, and, although the main stream was moving quickly, there were numerous areas of slower moving water, often with a dense growth of glass on them. The border of the river we were on varied in width from the width of 89 (30 feet?) -plus 6 yards to the same put 30 to 40 yards. About a half mile up the river is a restaurant. Between this and the spot we parked the River is wide, bordered with tall grasses, alders, poplar, and willow, the trees growing at higher spots. There were a few flowers along the highway, and a rock-covered trail along the river, and most of the vegetation is green. Above the highway there is dry, scrubby pine forest, with a few pines by the river. I had hoped to see some herptiles, but although we even looked under logs and rocks, we saw none. Numerous insects and small fish were in the water, and it look suitable for frogs and toads along here. We saw a B pine white along the restaurant, which flew up into a tall pine tree and Tony got a saepium and I got a Skipper and a J M.toura spinetorum in the mud along the river by a willow thicket. It is the best catch so far, and the only one we saw. Working towards the bridge we passed through an alder thicket to an area where the river became swifter & rockier. The alders gave way to a growth of golden rod along the highway. In this we got avota, saepium, & skippers. Up along the highway.

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5/16/1960 Truchee River S. of Squaw Valley Rd., Placer Co., Calif. it is dryer and there is some goose berry and a yellow, but dry, species of Erioginum among the pines and alders. There is a sage-like flowers that grows along the highway that is good for saepium & shippers (we encountered the same plant from Montana to central Nevada on the way back from New York, and also found it very good). I got a f h. edithe. along here. Apparently there are only two species of shippers, the one we got & P. ruralis. We saw a few P. mylitta. Dragonflies are not very numerous, all we saw being Anay. When we got back to where the car was parked, it was gone. The rest of the family had gone up the river to look for us, so we went after them. When we got together again, we went near the bridge (on the Squaw- Valley side). The elevation of the bridge is 6128 ft on my topo maps. Here the yellow sage-like plant grew in abundance in the dry rocky soil. There were no herptiles here either, but saepium and avota were numerous here, and we also got a few gray hairstreaks. Tony got a big, but torn f Spylevia coronis (Snyder?). No one got any fish, but Mom said the fish nibbled all the bait off the hooks at the first place. I finnally got some f saepium, but only 1 perfect pair. I also got a couple of good avota ds (and c perfect f), but the Mitsura was the real prize. Tomorrow Tony and I may try for the Five Lakes again, and thursday, Mt. Rose? 5/16/1960 Squaw Meadows, Squaw Valley, Placer Co., Calif. - Dad told Tony and me that, during a walk, they (he, Mom, the twins & Bruce) saw a "spotted frog" at a

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Aug 16, 1960 Squaw Meadows, Squaw Valley, Placer Co., Calif. horse crossing over Squaw Creek. As I had seen not a thing there before, I was dubious about this report. Anyway, Tony and I finally went down to the creek to investigate. After we had found the spot, it seemed that nothing would be there. then Tony jumped on the gravel and out popped the frog, a Rana muscosa. Then he jumped on another patch of gravel while we were looking for more and scared a small Bufo into the creek. With this success we decided to work along the creek. We first went east (up stream) about a quarter of a mile. Tony found a Hyla in a pile of wood and then I spied a Thamnophis swimming in the creek. In an effort to corner it, Tony frightened another Rana. we got both the snake and the frog. I saw one (1) tadpole in a wide area of the creek, but couldn't get it. In a stretch of gravelly ground I scared another Rana, which Tony caught. Then we decided to go back the other way, but we saw nothing else, and got home in time for dinner. (6 P.M.). We finally got a reptile! It's been a pretty good day so far. I'm going to get a flashlight and see if we can get some more Bufos at night. I still wish I had a thermometer. I did note a few Aeschnus and Anax flying over the creek. I went out alone this evening with a flashligh ($1.50 with batteries) looking for toads in the area we collected in before. Not a thing, but I did scare some birds. It got fairly cool. It was clear, warm, but windy today. There were a few scattered clouds and it cooled off rapidly at night (lowest August ever in Reno - 36°F)

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17, 1960 Squaw Valley to Mombas Meadows, Placer Co., Calif. - About 10:15 today Tony and I left for the five lakes again. I had intended to leave about 8, but I overslept a little (got out of bed about 9:30 A.M.). We had no fruit at the house, so we bought half a dozen apples at the store on the way. I got another white at the ski lift to KT-22 (P. occidentalis), and a fruit, eglais ♀, a little farther on. I decided we would collect only at the best spots on the way up, and since there was very little at any of them, this was very easy to do. At the spot (6500 ft.) where we got all the fruits on the 15th, there was nothing. Tony did get a Rana, however, and saw a couple more where we got the first two before. From here we went to the tadpole pond and got a few more tads of both types, all we saw. Most of the tlys had transformed by this time, and there were several without any tail at all. At the copper spot I got some more editha, avota ♀, a pair of fruits that were flirting, and a ♂♀ S. syluanus. The fruits would land on the ground and one (♂?) would buzz around the other excitedly. There was an Aeschna here, also. We left this spot about 12:30, following a jeep trail until we found some good looking growths of the sage-like plant growing at the base of some rocks above the road. This turned out to be a good thing because, although we got nothing, we discovered we were on the wrong road. We followed the correct trail, Tony getting a few saepium on the way, until we reached the pt where it crossed the creek at 7,200 ft. Here we got 4 Rana and saw 2 or 8 more. The Frogs were in deep (6-12 inches) in the creek, which were bordered much like the sites lower on the

Aug 17, 1960 0.7 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6900 ft. Placer Co., Calif. A small meadow at 6900 ft. The creek running down from Squaw PK. is at the right of the picture, and a trail at the left. The vegetation of the meadow was mostly grassy, and a few Colias and Spyelia marmonia flew over it. The pool in the picture was grass bottomed, about 6-8 inches deep, and contained a sub-adult Rana muscosa and tadpoles of Hyla regella and Rana muscosa. There were also many hemipterians and coleopterans in the pool. The soil around the pool was quite damp. Label should read "0.7 mi S.W Squaw Valley (P.O.), Placer Co., Calif."

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Aug. 17, 1960 Houbo Meadows, 1.6 mi SW Squaw Vally, 2440 ft., Placer Co., Calif. This picture was taken from a small hill at the south side of the meadow. The trail through the center of the picture goes to the five lakes towards the right to left. Under one of the small logs in the center of the meadow (picture) today and I took two Hyla regella. The surrounding meadow was quite green, with grass and daisies. We saw and/or took Spilavia marmonia, Icaria acmon, Lycaena editha, Colias eurytheme, & Pieris protodice in the meadow, and Strymon saepium and Thasalea arota in the drier areas around it. The former animals landed mainly on daisy, the latter two on a sage-like plant with yellow blossoms that grew in the closer areas around the meadow. Frogs were most common at the northern and western sides of the meadow, the others were not abundant enough

17, 1960 Mombo Meadows to Five Lakes, near Squaw Valley, Calif. stream (i.e. - granite boulders along the edge & rocks and gravel on the bottom of the [pools]). The ponds seemed to be more in the shade than the others in which we have found frogs. There were no tadpoles seen. I also saw a frit here. We thought we were at the point where we turned off for the lakes, but a check with my map showed we were still about 120 feet too low. At the top of this climb we found a sign pointing to the Five Lakes, and a fairly comfortable but dusty path leading there. About 100 ft. from the sign we were greeted by an open meadow with a few sulfurs flying about. I got 2 or 3 coppers, 2 or 3 saepium, a & acmon, and 2 or 3 frits, and Tony got about the same. He saw an angle wing. Under a log we got a couple of small Hyla. Tony found a sign with the name "Mombo Meadow", so this is what we are calling it. We ate lunch here. Just beyond the meadow was a pond about 30 feet in diameter, but we couldn't get to it because of the mud around it. There were a couple of Aeschna flying over it, an avoto & in the mud, but apparently there were no amphians in the pond. From here on the terrain became more forested, but olivier and dustier, and there was little undergrowth in the forest. Near the top of the ridge I saw a Tarnetum. Tony said he had seen some like it about 6000 ft on the 15th, flying along the creek. After hiking for a while, I finally saw one of the Five Lakes through the pine trees. We hiked along one and then down to its edge. Here many damselflies and dragonflies flew along the shore. We saw trout jumping from the

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17, 1960 Five Lakes, near Squaw Valley, Placer Co., Calif. lakes, one after a Aeschna. Along the edge we frightened a few Rana, but only caught one. Finally we reached a second lake and here saw more Aeschna and Rana. At a spot along this lake I stopped to catch Aeschnas. Here I discovered the bag with the Hyks was missing. I also caught the shoulder strap of my pack on an old log, and ripped it in two. About 6 times while I was getting my equipment together, an Aeschna would come by and hover in front of me, and just as I would get my net ready, it would fly away. This was very annoying. I did manage to get a tortoise-shell though. At the end of this lake there was a bushy area with lots of daisies growing in the grass on the ground, but no butterflies. There were a few people fishing along the lake, and they gave me the impression there is an easier way to get here than the one we took. After it appeared there was nothing at the lakes (we saw a pine white, a crescent, and a morning-cloak plus the tortoise shell) except occasional butterflies, Aeschnas, and Rana, for which I now had no bag, we decided to head back now. On the way back along this same lake I found the bag I had dropped, so now we could collect Rana, and began to do so at once. We got two Rana and a Hyds along a quiet stretch, and more Rana in the channel between the two lakes we visited. I got 2 of them and Tony got a pair of Aeschna. The first one was flying behind the specimen I was swinging for, but was quite satisfactory. While we were collecting Rana s here, every time we would go after a frog, an Aeschna would come investigate us, so finally one of us

would go after a frog and the otter

Aug. 17, 1960 Five lakes, 1.7 mi S., 1.4 mi W. Squaw Valley, 7500 ft., Placer Co., Calif. This picture shows the channel between the westernmost and the adjacent lake of the Five Lakes. The picture is looking eastward, from the westernmost lake at the north side of the channel. The channel is about 8 feet wide, 2 feet deep, and quite calm. A number of Rana muscosa were seen by the logs which form a bridge over the channel. Aschaga interrupta and Aschna umbrosa flew along the waters edge in fair numbers, and Damsel flies were numerous along the shore. The area surrounding the lakes is quite forested, although the edge of the lake has been cleared. Lepidoptera Butterflies were very scarce here.

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Aug. 17, 1960 Five lakes to Squaw Valley, Placer Co., Calif. would go after a frog and the other would wait for the Heschna that would come by. Unfortunately this system failed, as we got no Heschna, and often missed the frogs. We followed the first lake back, saw a pine white, got a frog sitting on a rock at the water's edge (a dumb one, too!), and another Thamnophis crawling along the shore. About this time we ran out of water. The trip back was mostly down hill. However, neither got us felt much like collecting, but went after fruits and hycaulids that came close.. At the Mombo Meadows we saw a long tailed, furry mammal (martin?) dash across the path. At the copper spot (6900 ft) a perfect fruit landed on my shoe, but I failed to get it - my legs were in the way. Both Tony and I drank copiously from the creek on the way down. We met a Ranger working with the cable we had seen along the creek. It was part of a communications system between the top of Squaw Peak and the valley for the Olympics, and was being picked up at this time. At the bottom of the KT-22 ski lift we met one of the persons who had been fishing at the Five Lakes while we were there. This is the easy way: Take the ski lift to the top of KT-22 and hike down to the lakes (about 3/4 mi.). Tony got a Pieris by the ice ring, and we got home about 4:30 P.M. We took the following pictures: the meadow and pool at 6900 ft.; Mombo Meadows, 7440 ft., and the Five Lakes looking over the channel where we took many Rana. I discovered all my labels reading 0.6, 0.67 & 0.7 mi SW. Squaw Valley

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Aug 17, 1960 Squaw Valley, Placer Co., Calif. should read "1.2, 1.3, +1.4 mi S.W. of Squaw Valley," respectively. However I don't feel like changing them. The weather today was very clear and warm, with hardly any wind. What wind was present was gusty in nature, and there were many long periods with no wind at all. Warmer in the evening. Aug 17, 1960 Kings Beach, 6230 ft., Placer Co., Calif.: while we were gone the rest of the family went to King's Beach on Lake Tahoe. They brought back a small Thamnophis elegans, which Mary caught at the lakes edge. See species account. Aug 18, 1960 Squaw Valley to Lake Tahoe, Calif., and back. This morning I got all the frogs I had around pickled, took color notes, and discovered I am running out of labels. After lunch we decided to go some where, but no two persons could agree on where to go or what to do. Dean (or Alan) wanted to go off the map (A.A.A. Tahoe region), I to Mt. Rose summit in Nevada. We went to Meek's Bay. Ugh! However we couldn't park here so we went to a public beach where we got stuck in the gravel. Getting out took all the fun out of Lake Tahoe, so we went to the lower (upper?) Truckee River to fish, about 1 1/2 miles from Tahoe City. Here I got 7 saepium, a doroty, and a longvini and a pair of zephars around a willow thicket. The lycaenids were on the sage-like plant. Tony got a zephav. Mary saw a "big gray snake", which escaped in a willow thicket. It was probably a Thamnophis e. vagrans. No one caught any fish,

but we fed a lot of craw fish. Bruce, Dad, I Teng are going the Five Lakes to

18, 1960 Squaw Meadows, Squaw Valley, 6200 ft, Placer Co. Cali. but we fed a lot of crow fish, Bruce, Dad, and Toug are going to the Five lakes tommorow, via the ski lift. This evening Tony and I went night hunting for wbber boas because it has been so warm today. we left the house about 7:30 P.M., when the meadow and lower part of the mountain to the south of the meadow were in shadow. We went across the meadow to the hills at the south side, which are rocky and forested (pine). Although we tramped around this area for quite a while, tore up numerous logs (many damp within), and turned over several rocks, we failed to find anything. We then went down to the creek. Here we discovered several Hyle bouncing around through the grass at the edge of a madhole at the east end of the meadow. We then decided to follow Sqaw Creek back to the house. we got a few toads and more Hyle, and were making good progress until we met three boys who were going to camp in the meadow. They told us a tale of wondervous adult toads near a beaver dam. We followed them back along the creek to the area, but, of course, got nothing but small Bito and Hyle. We later found the boys camp. I learned from them there are many Thamnophis and a few Pituophis in the meadow, but very few or no rattlesnakes around. They said that there were lizards all over the place, mostly Sceloporus, but also other types (not specified). The older boy (about 15) said he kading hadn't seen any Charmia or hampropeltis, but one of the younger boys (9-10) said he had

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Aug 18, 1960 Squaw Meadows, Squaw Valley, <200 ft, Placer Co., Calif. * had seen a strange, uniform brown snake "that looked like it was dead." and was 2 or 3 feet long (if kept growing) near a house. It might have been [oluber]. After learning this we started back home again, getting more Bufo and Hyla. We saw no other types of herptiles, but many bats, beetles + water bugs, and the eye-shine of houses and cows (it is bronzy-yellow, and brighter in cows). We got almost all of our specimens in places where the creek was shallow + moving, the bottom was gravelly rather than muddy, and the bank was gravel grading into the water. Animals were more common at the eastern part of the meadow, although conditions seem to be the same in all parts of the meadow. (there adult- was a forested area just beyond the toad site, here the boys had camped.). There are many willow thickets along the creek for the entire length of it, and the gravelly sites are similarly scattered. Hyla seems to be more uniformly spread than Bufo, and there were no Rang in this part of the stream. Most of the animals were in the water at the edge of the creek, but several Hyla and one Bufo were well out in the water when found. We left about 4 Bufo and a dozen Hyla in the creek, and turned 4 Hyla loose later. We got back about 9:45 P.M. I hope some of the Bufo are big enough to identify*. Tomorrow I am going to hunt for Thamnophis + lizards. I wish I had more time here as I still would like to get to Nevada and explore. *(they are)

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18, 1960 Squaw Valley, Placer Co., Calif. the upper part of Squaw Creek. Oh Well, maybe later. It was very clear and calm today. It also happened to be the hottest day we've been here so far, and got cooler much slower in the evening and was almost comfortable about 9 P.M. 19, 1960 Squaw Meadows, Squaw Valley, 6200 ft, Placer Co., Calif. Today Tony, Mary, Bruce and Dad went up to the Five Lakes to fish. I stayed down to hunt lizards. I left home about 10:30 after preparing all the specimens I got last night. I walked into the meadow across the street and was greeted by a couple of whites, so I turned back to get my net. I got one of the whites, a male beckeri (at lost!). Then I went down to the creek where I met a couple of boys (10-12) fishing. They hadn't caught anything, but said they got three garter snakes the day before, all of which escaped. Hopeful of getting some myself, I followed Squaw Creek eastward through the meadow. The only herptiles I got were a Hyla and a Bufo under a board in the creek (I didn't even catch the Hyla). I did get a few dragonflies, a male Libellula puchella, 2 males Aeschna umbrosa and 3 male Sympetrum (2 species), and also 3 male hycraeus helioides. From Hawk creek I went up to the granite outcroppings along the south side of the meadow to look for lizards. I saw a protocline on the way. Again I failed—all I saw were squirrels and chipmunks. At last the monotony was broken by a frit, which landed on the ground under a pine tree. I got it, a near perfect female zerene. I then decided to look for more.

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29 19, 1960 Squaw [illegible], Squaw Vally, B200 ft, Hacerca, Colt and along a horse path perched on a species of white mint, I found another. I don't believe I breathed until I netted it, as the wind was really battering it around. It was a perfect ♀. Then I went the other way along the trail and in a open space where more of the same mint grew, I got four more frits, including a good male. I saw one other here. I decided to go up the slope, but failed to find any thing. I went back, and at a seepage where I had seen nothing before, I frightened a perfect frit (species uncertain), but couldn't get it. I got a Hyly and a few skippers here and saw some lycaenids and crescents. After seeing there was nothing else at this area I went back to the spot where I got the first two frits, but got nothing. I saw several brownish dragonflies in the pine trees but only got one, a ♀ Sympetrum. I went back to the creek and worked back to the house. Still no herptiles, but I got a couple more ♀Sympetrum and a ♂ gomphid dragonfid. The only thing that really gave me trouble today were the purplish coppers, which look a lot like small satyrs when they fly. I saw no females. Got back about 2:30 P.M. Every one got home from the Five Lakes about 4 P.M. They were quite tired, as they got lost coming back, but they did get two fish. Tony said they saw lots of Runs and found a pool with dark tadpoles in it (he didn't think they were the same as the ones we got before). He also said there were lots of frits on KI-22 near the top. I think I should have gone with them. The ski lift costs

19, 1960 Squaw Valley, 6200 ft., Placer Co., Calif. $2 a person, so the fish came to $4 each! We could have taken it down free when we were up there. Oh well, live and learn! It was clear and somewhat windy today, but slightly cooler than yesterday. It was warm at dusk, but cooler in the evening. There were many hot and cold spots in the meadow in the evening. Tony, Mary, and I went out night-hunting to get some toads for pets and Hyg [illegible] for snake food. We got 3 toads and passed as may more up, and saw lots of Hyg [illegible], the toads were distributed as before, but Hyg [illegible] were everywhere, in the creek and in the grass around it. We had a lot of fun looking at eyeshine of a horses. It's like a christmas tree, and white horses are really something under a flashlight at night. Many bats and I think I saw some fireflies, but am decidedly uncertain. We didn't stay out too long. It's been a nice vacation and I wish I could be here again some time, about the beginning of July. 20, 1960 Squaw Valley, 6200 ft., Placer Co., Calif Last day, were going home this afternoon. About 9:30 AM Tony and I went to the spot where I got most of the fish yesterday, but we were too early. The site was mostly in the shade of the surrounding trees. There was little in the meadow (i.e. a few Anas), I met the boys I saw yesterday. They hadn't caught anything either (they were fishing). We spent the rest of the morning packing to go home. We are leaving after lunch - we have some spaghetti to finish up.

20, 1960 Squaw Vally to Colfax, Calif., via U.S. 40. We got off about 1 P.M., getting gas outside at the junction of Squaw Vally Road and Calif. 89.. Along the Truckee River I noticed many areas that did not look so bad for frogs, and a few ponds separated from the river. There are many grassy areas, and much open forest, which looks good for collecting earlier in the year. The river is not too badly built up, except near Truckee, but lots of people fish along the river. There is a Shell Station on the Tahoe side of 89 at the junction with U.S. 40, which is freeway to about Donner Lake. I saw more open forest, and a couple of fruits flew across the road. There was a small forest fire on the ridge north of the highway at the west end of Donner Lake. There was little at Donner Pass, and the only reason we stopped at all is because traffic had stopped to watch a plane dropping chemicals on the fire I mentioned above. No specimens seen here. The pass is quite barren, and doesn't look too inviting. However just beyond (west of) the maintance station the situation changes. There is much open space, and many roads leading into the surrounding mountains, which many are cleared for skiing. The area looks good especially for lepidoptera. At the spot at Emigrant gap where we stopped when we came with the Riggs I thought I saw a D.O.R. snake and there was a dense growth of tall Erioginum in the area, but we couldn't stop. Beyond Emigrant Gap, the 40 was being converted to Freeway, and was under construction for about 13 miles. At Colfax, Mom

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og 20, 1960 Colfax to Berkeley, via U.S. 40, Calif. pointed out another fire to the south of the road. This one looked larger. What a waste! At Auburn it suddenly got quite hot, and as we got lower, the heat got more and more unbearable. I didn't see a single person out in North Sacramento. Sacramento was the usual jam, but we took the usual route around the Capitol building and didn't get lost. We passed a family, whose met Bruce during this summer in Berkeley, and exchanged. Beyond Sacramento there is a lot of alfalfa in cultivation, and lots of Colias were flying back and forth across the freeway. Mom saw a big black butterfly, ? Papilio philenor. On the Yolo Viaduct there were several Anax over the road. Finally at Vallejo it cooled off, and we got gas outside of the city. It was quite windy from Vallejo on to Richmond. We got to Berkeley about 5:30, and got groceries at the Co-op. None of the snakes died or got out, and Gene's gopher snake shed. og 22, 1960 Berkeley, Calif. Took my specimens up to Cal today after taking color notes on the Thamnophis. The Bufo are boreas. The Arizona apparently ate the Sceloporus that was in the cage, and the Eunices I had died. (It was with a Hypsiglena that survived very well.). Gene's Boa seems to be in good shape. The Hypsiglena 2 to small Hyg I brought back. No one is around. John Lawrence was quite pleased with the polypores we brought him, and Doctor Dondovoff was glad to hear from us again,

Species Accounts

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Bufo boreas Aug. 16, 1960 Squaw Meadows, Squaw Vally, 6200 ft., Placer Co., Calif. - A Bufo was taken in a rather shallow pond in the area where a Rana (#23) was taken. The pond was 4 x 6 feet in size, about a foot deep, and the bottom was largely covered with silt. There were a few small fish in the pond, but not much other evidence of life. The animal was frightened from the gravel at the north side of the pool, which sloped at about a 45° angel to the bottom of the pool. The toad swam about three feet to a rock at the east end of the pool/ (down stream) where it was captured. See account of Rana muscosa for more details of site. #27. Snout-vent length about 1¾ inches. Ground color dark brownish olive with a narrow pale yellow line from the frontal region to the rump; a roughly symmetrical (left-right) pattern of dark brown tubercles and warts, bordered with black and then narrowly with pale yellow. Head with a dark brown bar on the middle of the eyelids extending transversely to the pale median line and a similar, but smaller one on the anterior part of the interorbital area. Side of head pale yellow- white, with a dark brown, black-bordered, square blotch below the anterior part of the eye and another narrow diagonal bar behind this, the area between these bars and the side of the snout suffused with darker. Venter dirty white, belly heavily black spotted, rump grayish brown, under side of limbs grayish-white, black spotted; feet blackish, tubercles dull golden.

Bufor boreus Aug. 16, 1960 - Squaw Meadows, Squaw Valley, 6200 ft. (cont.) Fore limbs lighter olive (1) above, barred with dark brown (2), hind limbs ground color, with black bordered, dark brown (3) cross bars. Iris dark brown, a bronzy border around pupil. August. 18, 1960 - Squaw Meadows, Squaw Valley, Placer Co., Calif. Specimens taken tonight varied in color from animals slightly lighter than the one described above to ones quite a bit darker. One has the The darkest have a dark brown (4) ground color with black tubercles. All have spotted venters, but the extent of spotting varies some what. The animals seem to become lighter as they get older,

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Hyla regella Aug. 14, 1960 - 0.7 mi SW Squaw Valley Placer Co., Calif - 6900 ft - #17-22 Several advanced tuds and small recently transformed formed Hyla were taken in a pool with a Rana and other tads (which description see). The Hyla seemed more numerous, but not greatly so. They were all farther developed than the other type of tad in the pond, and less alert than them. August 17, 1960 - Revisited the pool. Almost all the Hyla had transformed, transformed, breastly green frogs with brown sides, Aug. 16, 1960 Squaw Meadows, Squaw Valley, 6200 ft., Placer Co., Calif - #26- A Hyla was taken in a fangle of lumber in Squaw Creek resting against an outcropping of grass-covered dirt which had apparently fallen off from the bank. The stream was very calm at the site, about 5 or 6 yards wide and possibly 2 feet deep at the most, although averaging 6 or 8 inches. Both banks of the creek are grassy right up to the edge, which is an abrupt drop of two to three feet to water line. At the northwest side of the area, there is a wide, gravelly area. The pool was cool, and had a rocky bottom largely covered with silt, but free of vegetation. There were a few small fish around the sticks. #26. Snout-vent length about 1 1/2 inches. Dorsum light tannish green. A cinnamon stripe from the nostril to the arm in section, and a few similar colored spots following this. Tops of limbs colored like dorsum, but lighter, backs of limbs pinkish, a few cinnamon spots on the whitish border between this & the dorsal color. Underside dirty white, unpattered. Eye dark brown, a

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Hyla regella Aug 16, 1960 Squaw Meadows, Squaw Valley, Placer Co., 6200ft, Calif (cont.) - bronzy border around pup.?. When captured this specimen (#26) was darker green with a pattern of brown spots above. Aug. 17, 1960 Mombo Meadows, 1.6 mi SW Squaw Valley, 7440 ft., Placer Co., Calif. - Tony pulled over a rotten log about 4 feet long and half a foot in diameter to expose a Hyla. I found a second specimen near by. The logs are in the center of "Mombo Meadows", 7440 ft, near the trail to the Five Lakes from the Squaw Peak Ski lift. The vegetation around the logs consists primarily of a dense, thick, green grass. Across the trail the grass is drier and more clumpy. Daisies are the only other plant much in evidence (a purplish-white species about 1 1/2 inches in diameter that grows in all moist places around here). There was a wet seepage passing about two feet from the logs, and the soil around them was quite damp. The frogs were between the damp under side of the log and about a half inch of wet wood that remained on the ground. The one I got was greenish-tan dorsally, dirty white laterally, white below, with a pattern on the dorsum. We have a photo- of the meadows.

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Hyla regella Aug. 17, 1960 - Five Lakes, 1.7mi S., 1.4mi W. Squaw Valley, 2500 ft., Placer Co., Calif. - A Hyla was collected with three Ranq muscosa in an arm of one of the Five Lakes. It was found among a clump of sticks and grass at the water's edge, in the water. It stayed close to the shore, and was the only Hyla seen here. It was light brownish in color. # 4/5. Snout-vent length about ?8 inches. Dorsum an o-aure-yellow (1) becoming a very pale (2) laterally and on the dorsal surface of the limbs, which are barred with darker (3). A brown (3) vitta from the nostrils to the front of the arm insertion; lateral and ventral surface of limbs greenish-yellow (4); below dirty white (5), un- patterned. Description shortly after death.

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Rana muscosa. August 14, 1960 - 0.6 mi SW Squaw Valley, Placer Co., Calif. - 6500 ft - #1- I got two Rana along the stream in spots similar to all the others that Tony got frogs in. The first one was found when it jumped into a pool about 4 feet square, amidst large, overhanging granite boulders, with a coarse granite-gravel bottom largely free of vegetation. The water was 8 or 10 inches deep, cool and flowing slowly. There were faster riffles at both ends of the pool. The bordering vegetation was about 4-8 feet from the creek, and was largely gooseberry and a small willow shrub (that is, the vegetation was of low bushes), mixed with a little Eviogium and golden rod on the north side. The frog was on the sunny north side of the pool when frightened. It jumped and swam across the pond to the deepest part, and sat on the bottom. There was a relatively safe opening in the granite rocks on the shady south side of the pool, which the animal was entering when captured. A second specimen (#2) was on a rock in the middle of a similar, but larger pool, partially out at the water, and clearly visible about 15 yards away. It also swam towards a relatively safe area in a tangle of dead sticks at the deep end of the pool, but often stopped on the bottom; our attempts to capture the animal included getting between the frog and the tangle of sticks as much as possible. #5 and 6. - At 6900 ft 2 frogs were taken in a pool about 3 feet square and 6-8 inches deep, although there were fair-sized (6x6x12 inches) granite rocks bordering the pool, the

Aug 14, 1960 Rana muscosa general aspect of the pond was quite a bit more riparian than the other stream sites due to a heavy growth of grass, low alders, and buttercups along the border of the pool. There was a tangle of dead sticks at the shallow end of the pond. The bottom was silty, broken by a few granite rocks. The frogs seemed unorganized, and had no real shelter. The second may have moved up from the stick tangle, and Tony and I were positioned to cut it off. We got the largest frogs at lower elevations in the creek, but did not check so carefully above 6200 ft. # 11-22 - Aug. 14, 1960 - Rana, Hyla and tads were taken in a pool in a meadow about 6900 ft. The meadow was damp, grassy, with small alder at one (south) end, and with a dry, scrubby growth on all sides except the south, which was dry pine forest. It was exposed to the sun most of the day. The grass in the meadow tended to be clumpy. A small trickle of water (from a spring?) ran diagonally eastward across the meadow. The pool was 4 x 6 feet, 8 inches deep, about 2 feet from the trickle, stagnant, with cool, clear water. The bottom was covered with a greenish grass. The Rana was the only large frog seen. It was resting on the grass, where, although it stood out, it was not noticed for some while. It was about the color of the mud on the bottom. It made no attempt to leave the water when collected, and remained still

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Aug. 14, 1960 Rana muscosa Aug 14, 1960 - until touched, there were two types of tods here. Hyla seemed to dominate. The other, Rana, also was not so well developed, most having only hind legs, but one or two had fore legs. All specimens were caught by hand, and the Rana seemed more alert. The large Rana is # 11 Four frogs (# 7-10) were taken in some shallow, dirt-bottomed pools about 80 yds. below the site described above. We saw five and took all but one. The ponds are part of a seepage, and are very dirty. The ground around is a block dirt, interspaced with granite boulders of varying size. There is a considerable growth of grass around, with a few small white composites around. Two of the frogs were taken in a pool 2 x 6 feet in size, about 6 to 8 inches deep, with a very mucky bottom covered with a reddish-brown algae. There were water striders and numerous mosquito larvae in the pools, which were rather warm. The site is probably in the sun most of the day. The frogs were at the edge of the pools and hopped in when disturbed. They are quite conspicuous on the bottom, where they show up light. Two of the frogs were quite reddish on the chin and side of the head.

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Rana muscosa Aug 16,1950 Squaw Meadows, Squaw Valley, 6200 ft, Placer Co., Calif (#23). - A medium sized Rana was taken in Squaw Creek in Squaw Meadows. The stream was flowing rapidly along the site, although in general the creek is slow, consisting of wide ponds of relatively slow water. Squaw meadows is the flat, wide bottomland of Squaw Valley. It is privately owned, and used for horse, cattle, and sheep grazing (and is, if anything, under- grazed). At the present time it is principally covered with grass, mixed with dandelions and viburnium. Along the creek there are numerous thickets of willow. At the collecting site the stream is bordered by bare, rocky (granite) gravel, which is quite channeled (water apparently flows higher in the spring). There are a few pieces of lumber on it, but the shore is in general quite exposed. The stream descends about 3 feet from a large, deep area to the west to a similar but smaller area on the east, over a distance of about 10 yards. There is a considerable amount of willow litter on this site, and the pond at the west side is formed by a loose ? beaver dam of sticks, twigs, and stones of various sizes. The stream bottom is rocky or gravelly, and is free of vegetation. The stream is two to four feet wide, four to six inches deep, cool, clear and moves swiftly. The frog was first seen when frightened from under a plank 12 X 4 X 96 inches in size that lay over the north edge of the creek. Later it was frightened from the gravel at the east end

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Rana muscosa July 16, 1960 - of the area. (Squaw Meadows) Snout-vent length about 2 1/2 inches. Dorsum yellowish-olive, with numerous black-tipped pustules, mottled with darker and lighter, the light color most conspicuous in the sacral region; laterally lighter, less markedly mottled with darker; head mottled above and laterally with darker, lips mottled brown. Fore limbs light, barred with dark. Hind limbs ground color, mottled light and dark and with black tipped pustules. Venter creamy, limbs yellow, anal region reddish, no ventral pattern. Another specimen was taken under a large log on the north side of the creek where a Thamnophis sirtalis was taken (which account see). It was in an inlet of the creek about 3 or four inches deep. The bottom was covered with granite rocks, mostly about half a foot in diameter, with gravel between them. The log was about 2 1/2 feet in diameter and about 8 feet long. It offered about the only shade in the area. There were many small (1 to 2 inches long) fish in the water here.

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Rana muscosa Aug. 16, 1960 — #24. Snout-vent length about 2 inches. Dorsal and lateral ground color olive-brown with numerous black-tipped pustules; a few small, vague, round darker spots on dorsum and faint reddish lateral folds from eye to sacral hump. Side of head lighter, lips heavily marked with ground color. Fore limbs light like lips, with vague, darker cross bars; hind limbs ground color, vaguely barred with darker. Venter creamy, under surface of hind limbs dull reddish , no ventral pattern 8 slope 9 see preceding page for other colors.

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Rana muscosa Aug. 17, 1960 Five lakes, 1.7 mi S, 1.4 mi W. Squaw Valley, 7500 ft., Placer Co., Calif. - Three Rana and a Hyla were taken along an arm of one of the Five lakes. The arm was about 15 yards across, [illegible] yards deep, and with no discernable current. The bottom was very silty. The bank the animals were collected on sloped gradually to the lake, and consisted of wet, blackish, firm mud with a few scattered large rocks, sticks, and was covered with a clumpy grass. Farther out (3 to 8 feet) the lake is bordered with alders, and beyond that is a dry, shrubby pine forest. There were several sticks in the water. The bottom of the lake slope at a 30° angle, was quite silty, and there was some plant litter on it. The frogs were along the shore, and swam out 3 or 4 feet and rested on the bottom when disturbed. The smallest ones buried themselves in the mud when further bothered, but larger frog seemed incapable of entirely covering themselves, or made no attempt to do so. Several more Rana were seen along here. The largest of these would usually swim completely across the arm of water. There are trout 10 to 12 inches long in the deeper parts of the water here. Several Rana were taken in the channel about 8 feet wide and 1 to 2 feet deep between the easternmost and the adjacent lakes of the Five lakes. The south side of the channel was steeply bordered by a granite ledge about 3 feet high, and there were a few blocks of rock

Rana muscosa Aug 12, 1960 Five Lakes, 1.7 mi S., 1.4 mi. W. Squaw Valley, 2500 ft Placer Co., Calif. - (cont.). lay at the edge of the channel. Towards the westernmost lake there was a grass bank 3 feet wide. The south side was a level, over-grown grass with grass and small berry bushes. There were several pines growing on both sides of the channel, but it was for the most part in the sun. The bottom of the channel was rocky, but a covering of silt 3 to 4 inches deep hid all but the largest rocks. Three logs lay completely across the channel, out of the water, forming a bridge, and east of this two more, one from each bank, lay in the water. There were a couple of smaller logs completely in the water. The frogs were found as they swam to the surface or jumped from a place of hiding. They would either swim two or three feet and rest on the bottom or would bury themselves more or less completely in the silt at the edge of a rock or log. One was chased repeatedly for about 2 minutes before it was captured, and seemed to have become quite tired when caught, as evidenced by a laborious manner of swimming and a carelessness in hiding. Although we saw only a single specimen here the first time we went past the spot, when we returned about an hour later we saw about half a dozen (got three) The five lakes drain into the Five Lakes Creek, which in turn drains into the Rubicon River, part of the Sacramento River drainage. All other Rana we took were in the drainage of the Truchee River.

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Rana muscosa Aug 17, 1960 - #36 - Five Lakes, 1.7 mi S., 1.7 mi W. Sqcow Vally, 2500 ft, Placer Co., Calif. - Snout-vent length. 1 3/4 inches. Dorsum yellowish olive(1) with a few small lighter(2) spots, lateral color same as dorsal; indistinct reddish dorsolateral folds from eye to rump, and four series of small blockish brown(3) round spots about 2 mm in diameter on the back from the arm insertion to the rump. Sides more or less mottled with darker(4) and lighter(5); head with smaller (1mm. in diameter) dark spots, lips lighter(6), mottled with brown.(7) Fore limbs lighter(8), with indistinct darker(9) cross bars; hind limbs ground color with darker(10) narrow cross bars. Chin and belly creamy(11) limbs golden yellow(12) beneath, anal region reddish(13). See Aug 16, 1960 for color chips. Specimen from first area described. #39. Snout-vent length about 2 1/2 inches. Ground color yellowish-olive(1), with brown(2) spots, which are extensive, confluent, tending to obscure the ground color, laterally same color as back. An indistinct reddish-olive dorsolateral fold from eye to sacral hump. Dorsal and lateral surfaces with numerous small light(3) flecks about 1/6 of an inch across; these also present on the head, which except for the snout is brown(4), canthal area brown(5), snout olive(6), lips lighter(7), mottled with brown(8). Fore limbs color of lips with five brown(9) bars narrower than the interspaces. Hind limbs ground-color, with light(10), black-tipped pustules and 3 bars formed by narrow brown(11) spots(12), on femur, tibia, and tarsus; these spots are confluent when leg is folded;

Rana muscosa May 17, 1960 Five Lakes, 1.7 mi S, 1.4 mi W. Squaw Valley, 7500ft, Placer Co., Calif. - (# 29, cont.) - foot lighter. throat creamy; belly more yellow, under surface of hind limbs golden, back of thighs reddish: no ventral pattern. See Aug. 16, 1960 for color chips. # 42. Snout-vent length about 3 1/2 inches. Ground color brownish olive, becoming more yellowish laterally. The back is marked with round, brown spots about 1/4 inch in diameter forming two more or less opposing + alternating rows, and lateral to this, in the area the dorsolateral folds would be, a series of round black-brown spots about 1/8 inch in diameter, below this a few spots of similar shape intermediate in color between the dorsal and dorso-lateral spots; numerous black-tipped pustules on the dorsal and lateral surfaces. Head with about 18 small brown spots above, mottled with brown laterally, a brown bar along the cauthus, and the lips are olivaceous-yellow spotted with brown. Fore limbs yellowish-olive barred with brown above, hind limbs similar, but bars light centered and less distinct. Below golden yellow, throat to area between forelimbs creamy, limbs more orange, back of thighs reddish: no ventral pattern: See Aug 16, 1960 for color chips.

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Rana pipiens sphenoarhyncha Sept. 25. Nature Area, Chas. h. Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif - At the bottom of the spillway draining Jewel Lake we found many frogs in a very large, pool. The pool was about 25 feet x 15 feet, roughly oval, and about 2 feet deep at the deepest. The spillway dropped sharply about 10 feet to the water and the bank to the east side was also quite steep. An elm tree had tipped over the pool, but was still growing. Its roots formed way across on the steep bank. The north bank was a more or less open, hard muddy beach sloping very shallowly into the pool, and the west bank was similar, but steeper and covered with bay rum (lavrel). Lavrel & elm were the predominant plants around, but there was also strawberry, horsetail ferns, and a little poison oak around. There was little vegetation in the water, but it had a slimy look, probably due to algae. Another dead tree was in the pool. It had fallen over and the roots were exposed. In addition there were many logs in sticks in the water, although the surface was mostly open. The water was quite cool (cold). The bottom was silty, with a considerable amount of leaf litter on it. Many beetles, hemipterians were in the water, and we got a larva aurisuptora. Conspicuous vertebrates were stickle backs and Rana aurora. We saw 3 pipiens and 1 or 2 aurora. There were more around down the creek, but no pipiens. Elry caught another specimen in Jewel Lake where it must coexist with R. aurora and catesbaia.

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tadpoles Aug 17, 1960 0.7 mi SW Squaw Valley (P.O.), 6900 ft. Placer Co., Calif. Several tadpoles at Rana muscosa were taken in a pool with frogs at Alyla regella and a sub-adult Rana muscosa. See the above two accounts for further details, and a photo in the journal. (body not in proportion to tail in this drawing.) The color of these animals is not too good. They were a greener browner olive above, and the dark spots were blacker. The eye was bright brassy, and the venter iridescent yellowish white.

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Arizona elegans occidentalis June 3 13.37 mi E. Shivermore (by Road), Corral Hollow, Alameda Co., Calif. - 10:02 PM. A large adult Arizona elegans occidentalis (39") was collected lying still on the south side of Corral Hollow Road. It was pointed in a northerly direction, temp. 82°F (copied from Gene Hippmann's Note book). Total length 39", tail . Vertebral region orangish(1), browner(2) laterally, yellowish(3) on lower sides; borders of most scales yellowish(3); venter pale creamey.(4) Dorsal pattern of 65 body +19 tail spots, brown(5) in color, vaguely bordered with blackish-brown(6), 1½ scales long x 7 scales wide at midbody; a lateral series of small spots about 4 half scales in size alternating with the dorsal blotches, and small bluish spots about 3 half scales in size on the 3rd scale row below the dorsal spots; head orangish(7), a brown prefrontal par, and a long. streak on parietal sutures; two elongate dorsolateral nape blotches. side of head paler(8) with some orange spotting on temporals, loreal region, & nape; a blackish(9) bar from eye to angle of jaw and one below eye; venter immaculate; eye as below: left eye

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Coluber Constrictor mormen Sept. 11, 1960 Golf Course, Charles hee Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. - This afternoon about 3:30 I saw a juvenile Coluber in the weeds at the edge of Wildcat Canyon Creek at the southern part of the golf course in Tilden Park. It was crawling on the dirt between clumps of watercrest and grass in and along the creek, below an emb- bankment of loose, dry earth over grown with horse tails. The snake was in the sun, and quite active. It disappeared in the bushes and was not taken. Judging from its size (about 9 inches), it must have hatched very recently. Oct 15, 1960 Devil's Gulch, about 2 mi. NW hayunitas, Marin Co., Calif. . This afternoon Teddy Papantoss caught a juvenile Racer which was rapidly crawling in the grass along the road through Devil's Gulch. The specimen was about 13" long, quite spotted. The temperature was quite warm, probably about 80° F, and it was quite windy, but sunny at the collected site. It was about 4:20 when we got the snake. There were many Srelapons occidentalis in the grass and at the edge of the road. The snake bit freely when handled.

Hypsiclea torquata May 17 AOR on Cowal Hollow Rd between Rains & Site 300 (A.E.C.), San Joaquin Co., Calif. - Gene Hippmann # 7 Total length 14 1/2 inches, tail 1 3/4 inches. General dorsal color light brown, becoming lighter laterally, this emph- sized by the fact that the 3 or 4 lowermost rows of scales are white edged. Head slightly darker than body, minute speckled with blackish, and a grayish area on the anterior third of the parietals and the frontal, labials white, the upper parts more or less dotted with brown, especially anteriorly, chin and throat brownish white; the following pattern of darker brown on the head and nape; a narrow line along the rostral sulcus continuing on the chin to the 7th supralabial along the chin shields and as illustrated: The larger nuchal spots are 4 scales wide and 6 scales long, it begin on the [illegible] fourth row on each side. Dorsal pattern of 60 body and 17 tail blocks of brown, becoming darker anteriorly, 75 scales wide and 2 long, separated by 1 1/2 to 2 scale at midbody; many of them split and alternating along the vertebral line; a series of smaller spots 3 or 4 scales in size alternating with the dorsal on scale rows 5 to 7, and another smaller series on rows 2 to 4 below the middorsal spots. Ventrally bluish white, bluer centrally, unpattered, but irridescent (pinkish). *iris ground color, pupil vertically elliptical.

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Hypsiglena torquata noxulata May 14 " Corral Hollow Road, between Ruins and A.E.C. station (site 300), San Joaquin Co., Calif.- When we got to the "hollow" it was in the middle 60's and very windy. 9:30 PM wind let up. High 50's Found an adult Hypsiglena torquata noxulata. Also found small P.trophis and saw many toads. After we found the Hypsiglena the wind came up and the temp went down." (Copied from G. Hippmann's field notes; I was present on this trip.) Gene Hippmann #7 Dec 10 speckman preserves d - total l. 350 cm, tail 46.5cm.

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Tantilla einseini June 3 "6.5 mi (by road) S of junction between Corral Hollow Rd. and U.S. 50, San Joaquin Co., Calif. 10:40 PM. Tantilla (einseini einseii). A.O.R. Preg & Very large. Facing south on the road (?) in gravelly stretch just over bridge where banks are steep and eroded. Sparse grass on bothsides. Wind is very strong easterly. Air temp 90°F, Road temp 92°F. This specimen was 15 inches total length. (Copied of Gene hippmann) June 16 This speeciman laid 2 large eggs in captivity on 16 June, 1960. (Both eggs subsequently lost? They were about 1 4" x 5/8", white, with a pink (embryo) clearly showing through the thin, soft, paper (tissue paper) like shell. One egg was roughly oval, the other much longer and probably malformed. One was laid under the pan under which this and another specimen (Gene Hippmann #8) regularly hid, the other (the malformed one) out in the open. Sept 29 Gene hippmann #12 (same as above): Dorsum uniform yellowish-brown ①, the 1/2 two rows of scales grayish ②. Head dark, blackish ③, snout mottled lighter ④, chin & labials gray ⑥. Venter Orange, unpatterned ⑤, grayish towards edge; A yellowish ⑦ nuchal collar |scale wide, 2 scales posterior to parietals, just posterior to back of head, vaguely black bordered posteriorly. Eye dark like head, slightly lighter around pupil.

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Thamnophis elegans vagrans Aug. 17, 1960 - Kings Beach, Placer Co., Calif, - 6230 ft - # 53. This animal was collected by my sister, Mary, on the eastern part of Kings Beach along the edge of Lake Tahoe. It was in a rocky area The bottom was "mucky", consisting of dirty sand covered with about a half inch of water. A few feet away the water disappeared, but the soil was wet. The nearest vegetation were b-shes growing about 10 yards away. There were many small fishes (1/4 to 1 inch long) in the water, which was cool. The snake was chased under a rock. When this was overturned, it went under another rock, and was caught when this was lifted. Caught about 2 P.M. Snake about 14 inches total length. General dorsal color brownish gray, spotted with darker, the spots tending to be confluent along the dorsal stripe; head dark, mottled with lighter and snout lighter, sides pale, labials black bordered pre- and postoculars whitish but not conspicuous. A yellowish dorsal stripe on the vertebral row and a gray lateral area from row three to tips of ventrals; broad spots present, darker, the color chiefly in the skin between the scales, the spots alternating, about 2 1/2 X the inter-

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Aug 17, 1960 Thamnophis elegans vagrans spaces, in two rows between the stripes; a small parietal spot; venter pale gray (2), centrally fused with purplish-brown (1), which expands to cover nearly all of belly on tail and anal region; chin very pale gray (gray white); eye conspicuous, reddish-brown. A gray snake.

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Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi Aug. 16, 1960 - Squaw meadows, Squaw Valley, Placer Co., Calif. - 6200 ft.; #22. About 10 feet farther east (from site of Hyla, #26 g.u.) a Thamnophis was taken. Here the south side of Squaw Creek is bordered with grass to its edge, which drops sharply about 2 1/2 feet to the water's surface. A drainage creek flows swiftly in to Squaw Creek here. The north bank is a wide (about 6 yards), gravel beach sloping gradually to the streams edge. The stream is about 6 inches deep, 5 or 5 yards wide, [illegible], and flows slowly, the bottom is gravelly. The snake was first seen on swimming from the south bank of the creek and was chased back and forth several times until caught when it tried to enter the drainage flowing into Squaw Creek. It made no attempt to dive, and swam with the head only slightly out of the water. It was caught about 5:15 P.M., the air was warm, although there was a cool breeze. The stripes were quite conspicuous and made the snake easier to see when it entered the sun's reflection. Dorsum generally very black brown from frontal to tip of tail, snout olivaceous-brown labials pale yellow, anterior and upper supra- labials olive-fused, edges black, chin and throat

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Aug 16, 1960 Thamnophis sirtalis fitchi white. Body with yellow dorsal stripes and yellow-gray lateral stripe, the dorsal stripe on the vertebral & half to 7/3's the paraverte- bral rows, the lateral on 3/4's of the 3rd, all the 2nd, and 1/2 the 1st scale rows. Gray brown below lateral stripe. A few orange spots on lateral stripe anteriorly. Below lateral stripe and tips of centrals gray brown. Small red bars above lateral stripe, mostly confined to skin between the scales. Venter bluish gray, edges of the shields lighter, becoming white anteriorly. Iris dark brown, yellowish around pupil. About 21 inches total length. Aug 17, 1960 Five lakes, near Squaw Valley, 2500 ft, Placer Co., Calif. - Aug. 17, 1960- #43 A Thamnophis taken at the northern end of the westernmost of the five lakes. It was crawling along the shore when captured, moving away from the water. The edge of the lake was a muddy flat about 3 feet wide, covered with clumpy grass, and very wet. Beyond this was a line of alders about 6-8 feet high and 2 trees thick. The ground above this is very dry, dusty pine forest with a sparse growth of low berries (Viburnum?) bushes scattered here and there. The mud graded very gradually into the creek and the water was only about a foot deep 4 feet from the edge. A Rang was taken about 30 feet south of the site in a similar, but less grassy area. Very similar to #22 (above), but without orange in lateral stripe and dorsal stripe with more dark pigment, generally darker, and a yellow parietal spot.

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De Benedictis, Paul Miscellaneous: Mexico, California, Oregon August 30, 1960 - October 19, 1963 Catalogue Nos. 87-278 Journal Species Accounts Amphibians Salamanders frogs Reptiles lizards snakes Mammals Birds

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 57.6 mi (by road) S of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico - (T. Papenfuss-M.A. Eudey) Aug 30, 1960 87 Hypopachus oxyrhinus 88 " " 45.1 mi SW Colima, Colima, Mexico Aug 31, 1960 89 Hyla smithi (T. Papenfuss-M.A.Eudey) 90 " " " " 14.41 mi W (by Mex. 15) of the west boundary Mexico City, Mexico, Mex. (T.Papenfuss-M.A.Eudg Sept. 1, 1960 91. ♂ Hyla lafrentzi 92. ♂ Pseudoeurycea belli 93. ♀ " 94. Rhyacosiredou sp. 95. Ambystomid 96. " 97. " Chalco, Mexico, Mexico (T.Papenfuss-M.A.Eudey Sept 5, 1960 98 Scaphiopus 99 " Junction highway 46 and highway 15, Nayarit, Mexico (T. Papenfuss-M.A.Eudey) Aug 29, 1960 100 Hyla smithi 101 " "

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Paul De Benedich 1960 Kilometer 75, Highway 196, NW slope Mt. Popocatepetl, Mexico, Mexico. Sept. 5, 1960 102 Chiropterotriton chiroptera (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eudey) 103 " 4.7 mi NW Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eudey) Sept. 1, 1960 104 Hyla baudini 21.6 mi NW Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico Sept 1, 1960 105 Hyla smithi (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eudey) 106 Hyliid frog " 107 " 108 " 109 " 10 mi E Navajoa, Sonora, Mexico Aug 26, 1960 110 Coleonyx variegatus (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eudey) 6.0 mi E. Rio Frio, Puebla, Mexico Sept. 5, 1960 111 Eumeces brevirrostris (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eudey) 112 & Sceloporus aeneus " Alamos, Sonora, Mexico Aug 26, 1960 113 Phyllodactylus homolepidovus (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eudey) 114 "

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Paul DeBenedict 1960 Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico Aug 31, 1960 115 Hemidactylus frenatus (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eidey) Tlamacas (10. slope of Mt. Popocatepetl), end of highway 196, Mexico, Mexico. Sept. 5, 1960 116 ♀ Sceloporus grammicus (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eidey) Kilometer 86, Highway 196, NW slope Mt. Popocatepetl; Mexico, Mexico Sept. 5, 1960 117 ♂ Sceloporus grammicus (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eidey) 118 ♀ " " " " 10.8 mi E. Rio Frio, Puebla, Mexico Sept. 5, 1960 119 ♂ Sceloporus grammicus (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eidey) Aprox. 20 mi SW Guadalajara, Jalisco Mexico (T. Papenfuss - H.A. Eudey) Aug 31, 1960 120 ♀ Sceloporus dugesi, 9.2 mi. E. Penjamo, Guanajuato, Mex. Sept. 6, 1960 121 ♂ Seeloporus torquatus (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eidey) 122 ♂ " " " " 29.3 mi (by road) NW Toluca, Mexico, Mex. Sept. 4, 1960 123 Eumeces copei (T. Papenfuss - H.A. Eudey) 124 " " " "

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico Aug 29, 1960 125 Cuemidophorus sachi (T. Papenfuss-H.A. Eudey) 21.3 mi E. Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico Sept. 7, 1960 126 Cuemidophorus sachi (T. Papenfuss-H.A. Eudey)

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Paul DeBenedicti's 1960 0.5 mi. W. Grizzleley Stables, Chas. h. Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Nov. 25, 1960 127. Batrachoseps attenuatus (Gene Hippmann) 128. " " " (Ilmar Haasi) 129. " " " " " 130. " " " " " 131. Aneides lugubris 132. Eumeces skiltonianus East Bay Municipal Utilities District (E.B.M.U.D.) Watershed land near Grizzleley Stables, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Nov 25, 1960 133. Eumeces skiltonianus (Elvey Combs) 134. Aneides lugubris ( " " ) 135. " " " ( " " ) 136. Taricha torosa 137. Aneides lugubris 138. ? Sceloporus occidentalis 139. ? " " 140. Gerrhonotus multicarinatus 141. Gerrhonotus multicarinatus (Ilmar Haasi) 142. " " " 143. Batrachoseps attenuatus (Elvey Combs)

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Paul DeBenedict, 1960 preserved 141% Aprox 10 mi S.E. San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 20, 1960 Noctillio leporinus Whitewater Canyon, 0.8 mi. (by road) N.W. Whitewater Riverside Co., Calif. Dec 16, 1960 shutloaly 145 ♂ Perognathus shutloaly 146 ♂ Dipodomys rat 0.8 mi N. junction to Santiago (by Mex. 15), Nayarit, Mexico Dec 19, 1960 147 ♂ red bat 148 ♂ " " preserved 149 ♀ Desmodus rotundus preserved 150 ♀ " " San Blas Nayarit, Mexico - Dec 21, 1960 4.8 mi SW. (by Mex. 80) of Cacula, Salisco, Mexico Dec 23, 1960 151 leptodactylus by melambtus 152 " " 153 " " 154 " " 155 " " 156 " " 157 " " 158 " " 159 " "

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Rio Cihuatlán, 18.2 mi. N (by road) Mixamar, Colima, Mex. Dec 24, 1960 160 Electrophodactylus = heptodactylus melanotus 161 " " " 162 " " " 163 " " " 5 Km N (by road) 7 Km 1 N. Manzanillo, Colima, Mex. Dec 24, 1960 164 preserved Cuemidophorus lineatissimus 165 Arctibeus bat Dec 25 166 Cuemidophorus lineatissimus 167 " " 168 " " 169 preserved " Arctibeus sea bat 170 preserved " 171 preserved " 172 " 10 Km NW 8.1 mi N (by road) Manzanillo, Colima, Mex Dec 25, 1960 173 heptodiera maculata 174 " " 175 " " 176 Electrophodactylus = heptodactylus melanotus 177 " = " 178 " = 1 - 4

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 8.1 mi. N. (by road) Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico Dec. 25, 1960 179 Eleuthrodactylus = Leptodactylus melanotis 180 Cnemidophorus lineatissimus 36.5 mi. SW (by Mex. 80) junction Mex. 15-80, Jalisco, Mexico Dec 23, 1960 181 Cnemidophorus "sachi" 182 Tomodactylus nitidus (Wate Cohen) 14 mi (by road) NE Colima, Colima, Mexico Dec 26, 1960 183 Cnemidophorus 18.6 mi E. (by road) San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 28, 1960 184 Anolis nobulosus 185 " " 186 " " 187 Microbatrachylus hobartsmithi (Gary Beeman) San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 28, 1960 188 Peropus mutilatus 189 " " 190 " " 191 " " 192 " "

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Paul DeBenedicts 1960 Dec 28.6 mi N (by Mex. 15) of Ixtlan del Rio, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 28, 1960 193. Rana pipiens (Teddy Papenfuss) Rio Cibuatlan, 18.2 mi N (by Road) Higuera, Olima, Mexico Dec 28, 1960 194. leptodactylus melanotric eggs (laid by pair collected 12-21/6) 195. ? leptodactylus melanotris (Doc 27; 1966) (NOTE - ? is Gene Hippmann # 61) San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico 196 Anot Dec 21, 1960 196 Anolis nebulosus (Elvey Combs) 37.1 mi NW (by Mex. 15) of Ixtlan del Rio, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 28, 1960 197 Eleuthrodactylus vocalis (Ted Papenfuss) 198 " " " " 199 " " " " 200 " " " " 201 frog (Tadpoles) 202 amphibian (eggmass) 203 " " (E. Combs) 28.6 mi NW (by Mex 15) Ixtlan del Rio, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 28, 1960 204 frog (Rana?) (tadpoles)

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 15.3 mi E (by road) San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 28, 1960 205 Anolis nebulosus (T. Papenfuss) 206 hephodactylus melanoth's (" " ) 207 " " " (" " ) 208 " " " (" " ) 37.1 mi N (by Mex. 15) Ixtlan del Rio, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 28, 1960 209 Eleutherodactylus vocalis (T. Papenfuss) 18.6 mi E (by road) San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 29, 1960 210 [illegible] Eleutherodactylus (G. Beeman) 8.0 mi N (by Mex. 15) Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico Dec 31, 1960 211 Phyllodactylus homolepidurus 212 " " 213 " " 214 Urosorus ornata San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 20, 1960 216 Crocodylus acutus (collected by natives) 8.1 mi. N. (by road) Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico Dec 25, 1960 217 Mabuya brachypoda (T. Papenfuss)

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Gail DeBenedictis 1960-1961 18.6 mi E (by road) San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico 28 Dec 1960 218 Kinosternon integrum (G. Beeman) 219 Kinosternon " ( ) see also # 248-251 Wilbur Springs, Colusa Co., Calif. (Lost?) 12 Feb., 1960 220 Bufo boreas NOTE - #248-251 and from Dec. 1960 San Bruno Mts., 7 mi. S.E. Daly City (City Hall), 775 ft., San Mateo Co. Calif. 9 April 1961 221 Diadophis amabilis San Geronimo, Marin Co., Calif. 16 April 1961 222 Pituophis catenifer Truemes, Marin Co., Calif. 16 April, 1961 DISCARD 223 Rana aurora Northside of Donner Lake, 4 mi. W. Truckee, 6000 ft, Donner Nevada Co., Calif. 24 June 1961 224♂ Thamnophis (John DeBenedictis) 225♀ " ( " " ) 226 " "

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De Benedicto 1961 North side of Donner lakes 4 mi. West Truchee, Nevada Co., Calif. (6000 ft) 25 June 1961 227 ♂ Eutaemnus quadrimaculatus 173-76-32-17°N 228 ♀ Thamophis 26 June 1961 229 ♂ Eutaemnus quadrimaculatus 181-79-32.5-19°N North side Donner Lake, 4.2 mi W. Truchee, Nevada Co., Calif. 28 June, 1961 SKULL ONLY ♂ Eutaemnus aemdenus 227-98-36-20°N SKULL ONLY ♂ " 181-72-31-15°N 232 ♂ " 170-75-29-18°N 233 ♀ " 179-73-31-16°N Cape Perpetua Rec. Area, 13 miles South of Yucats, Lincoln Co., Oregon 18 July 1961 234 ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 188-106-21-13°N 235 ♂ Microtus townsendi ? - 59-52-13°N Sunset Bay State Park (Camping Area), Near Charleston, Coos Co., Oregon 19 July 1961 236 ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 182-94-21-18°N

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Harris Beach State Park (Camping Area), Curry Co., Oregon 20 July 1961 237 ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 170-81-21.5-16 N 0.1 mi. W. (by U.S. 101) Ethelridge Mem. Grove, Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park, Del Norte Co., Calif. 20 July 1961 238 Thamnophis Devil's Elbow Creek, 4.8 mi. E Weott, 400 ft., Humboldt Co., Calif. 20 July 1961 239 Rana boylii 240 " " 241 " " 242 Dicamptodon ensatus 243 " " 244 " " 245 " " Highlands Campsite, Van Damme St. Park, Mendocino Co., Calif. 22 July, 1961 246 Peromyscus maniculatus 176-82-22-16 N DATA HERE 247 Dicamptodon ensatus

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Paul MeBenedicti 1961 21 1/4 mi. N (by road) turnoff to Colima (City), Jalisco, Mexico 26 Dec, 1960 248. Leptodactylus melanotus 249. " " 250. " " 2 mi. N. Junction Mex. Hwy. 15-60 (by Mex. 15), Jalisco, Mexico 23 Dec. 1960 251 Sceloporus dugesii (G. Beeman) Corral Hollow, 1 mi. E (by road) San Joaquin-Alameda Co. line, San Joaquin Co., Calif. 7 Aug. 1961 252 Pitophis melanoleucus 4 mi. NNW Williams, Colusa Co., Calif. 19 Aug, 1961 DISCARD 253 (juv.) Ondatra zibethicus 223-92-50-11 (AS Longold Ranch) Haskell Ranch y 10 mi. S. Marysville, Colusa Co., Calif. 14 Aug 1961 254 Thamnophis sirtalis 255 " " 256 " "

"1209 324. " " " " " " " " 325. 326. 327. 328.

Paul De Benedictis 1961 1963 (H.S. Leopold Ranch) Haskell Ranch, 10 mi. S. Marysville, Yuba Co., Calif. (A.S. Keop 20 Aug. 1961 257. Thamnophis sirtalis 258. Coluber constrictor no #s for 1962 hiskey 4050 ft 6.3 mi. S, 3.2 mi. E Tulelake, Siskiyou Co., Calif. 5 July 1963 259. Agelaius tricolor ♂ testes ½ x ¼ inch, skull oss. 1 mi. SE Inverness, 5± ft., Marin Co., California Fresh D.O.R. July 30, 1963 collector Seth B. Benson 260. Urocyon cinereoargenteus ♂ (testes 7x4mm) 83.5-31.2-134-71 epid. cw. 4.5 lbs. = 4½ lbs. 0.3 mi S, 0.2 mi W Boca Spring, 5760', Nevada Co., Calif. 10 Aug, 1963 rt. testis 4x2mm heavy mouth in capital tract 261 hoxia curvirostre ♂ lf. testi not found ad. skull 87.5g moderate fat. Davis Sewage Ponds, Road 102 NW Davis, Yolo Co., Calif. 11 Aug, 1963 ovary 4x2mm 262 ♀ Ereunetes maurus no follicles fairly heavy fat 23.9g imm. skull rt. testis 2.5x1mm heavy molt on all 263 ♂ " lf. testis 1.5x1mm heavy fat 22.5g. tracts except spinal SKELETON ONLY 22 SEPT, 1963 (found dead) 264 ♀ Xemia sabini (skull unossified) no wt. no fat.

528. Colabor, Constantino 2A) 1960s 527. Theodor Sirtelis 526. Adelaire Prévost & Jean Nissim, Nantes, [illegible] 525. Felsa, D.O.K. Tivoli 30, 1963. 524. [illegible] curescuregantes [illegible] 523. Jalón, C. abuelo, Oso, Puerto Rico 50, 7, 2009, [illegible] 521. "Ecos" 520. [illegible] gP.25. hgypolhite, exludim pro yuomso colamuse e doc 519. [illegible] gP.22. toyoat amliznot, n [illegible] 518. [illegible]: Edo; 702: 55 (bomb box) ; (bomgq) (dow) Tm eon (bej pormas konda), indaz aimox q doc

P. DeBenedicti 1963 1/4 mi SSW Pt. REYES SCHOOL, PT REYES, MARIN CO., CALIFORNIA - collector R. STANLCUP 25 SEPT, 1963 265. ♂ (skull unossified) Calamo spiza melanocorys - little fat; heavy rt. 1.5 x 1 mm moult on cervical tract only, testes lf. 2 x 1mm. 31.1 g. 266. ♂ (imm. skull) Passerculus sandwichensis - little fat; no moult; rft. testis 1/5 x 1 mm tlh lf. testis not found ; feet pads pinky, legst feet pink flesh; bill dark pink with diffuse black tipp. - 17.7 g. 267. ♂ (ad. skull) Passerculus sandwichensis - little fat ; no moult (testis 2 x 1 mm); soft parts a #266 but bill darker, feathers of femoral tract pulled through skin when leg pulled out. 17.4 g. 268. ♀ (ad. skull) Passerculus sandwichensis - mod. fat; no molt; ovary 3 x 1mm, no follicles ; pads of feet & yellow (color of toes), rest of soft parts as #206. 16.0 g. by Richard Stallcup) 26 SEPT 1963 (found dead) SKEL. ONLY ♂ or ♀? 269 ? (imm. sk) Sieurus auricapillus - identified by Ned K. Johnson as S. a. cinereus) eviscerated by magote taken Mendoza Ranch, 2½ weak when found) - exact loc. 0.5 mi. N Pt. Reyes School etc Los Banos State Game Management Area, Merced Co., Calif Aug. 25, 1963 270 Rampropelta getulus

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P. DeBenedetti 1963 Pt. Reyes Road, 2 mi. NE Pt. Reyes School, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co., Calif. (collector Rich Stallcup) Oct. 12, 1963 271. ♀ (imm. skull) Dolichonyx oryzivorus very heavy fat, 35.5 gm. no molt legs and bill pink. * single rodlike gonad on left side only, no testes - [illegible] shaped). not fert. - definite ♀, 19 Oct. '63) Drake's Beach County Park, Pt. Reyes, Marin Co., Calif. Oct. 12, (96?) (collector R. Stallcup) 272 ♂ (imm. skull) Mnioitha varia heavy fat, 9.9 gm., no molt olive- legs, green, dull, pads of feet brighter, PT. REYES ROAD, 1/4 mi. NE PT. REYES SCHOOL, PT. REYES, MARIN CO., CALIFORNIA (collector R. Stallcup) Oct. 19, 1963 273 ♀ (imm skull) Deutroica palmarum heavy fat, 9.8 g., molt on spinal tract only; Ovary 2 x 2 mm ⚪ , no follicles; legs & feet dark olivaceous green, almost black, bill dark blackish brown above, flesh at base grading to blackish brown at tip below. Skull: [illegible] Medoza Ranch, 0.3 mi. NE Pt Reyes School, Pt Reyes, 120' Marin Co., Calif. (collector P. Stallcup) Sept. 20, 1963 274 ♂ (imm sh) Setophaga ruticilla heavy fat 9.1 g. no molt Oct - 6 , 1963 275 ♂ (imm.sh) Deutroica pennsylvanica light fat 8.8 g. no molt

DeBenedich 1463 Fat Crankite, 10#t, Marin Co., California Oct. 6, 1963 (collector R. Stallcup) 276 ? (immsh) Deudroica palmarum 12.5 gm; heavy fat; no molt Pt. Bonita, Marin Co. California Oct. 6, 1963 (collector R. Stallcup 277 J(sk ossified) Deudroica magnolia 8.3 gm, little fat; no molt 5 Mi. N Firebaugh, Merced Co., California Nov 1, 1963 (L. Wolf collected. 278 ?(immsh) Molotherus ater not wt; [crossed out] moderate fat; [crossed out] no molt no # 279

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Paul R Benedictis 1960 Nov 25 Chas. H. Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif - Today about noon Gene Huppman, Elvey Combs, Ilmar Larsi, and myself went out to see what had been brought out by the recent storm. Mr. Huppman let us off by our "secret skink spot" at the south end of Tilden Park. At the spot where we got a Crotalus in February, I got an Aneides and Gene + Ilmar got 1 Batrachoseps, and saw two or three more. Gene found two Peromyscus under a stone, but we couldn't catch them. From here we went down the hill onto the East Bay Municipal Utilities District watershed land. Although there was nothing seen on the way down, at the bottom of the creek Elvey caught a beautiful adult Eumeces under a board. He also got 2 more Aneides under rocks and logs under some Eucalyptuses. Along the open, heavily grazed pasture on the hills we looked under rocks. I found a Taricha [Aneides] and more Batrachoseps, and Elvey got a black widow. He got 2 tarantulas earlier. In an outcropping we slide the top half of a large rock off the bottom and got 2 Sceloporus and a juv. Gekko geko. After this we saw only a few more salamanders. When we got to below Grizeley Stables, it finally started to really rain. We all quickly got under some laurel trees and ate lunch. Since it

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Paul DeBenedict: 1960 Nov 25 Chas, Joe Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Cecil - looked like it was going to keep on raining for quite a while, we finnally decided to head back to the trains in Tilden Path, where Mr. Hippmann was to meet us at 2:30. We collected along the upper part of the slope we had come along on the way back. IImar got a beautiful large Gyrhohooks, and I found a few BaNchaseps, saw 2 Eumeccs, and 2 Scolopens- and got a jow. Gyrhohooks. Under many of the rochs were beautiful red & blackrove bettles. One type had a solid red abdoman and the other red with a black patter like this: , very pretty insects. We Got up to the trains about 1:30, all of us sooting wet!! While waiting we tested the durability ot this rag paper & Higgins Eternal ink (it passed). The Peromysces we saw were frightened out of some rochs by Gene. I would to get them, so we all went down after them. Elvey scared one out, and it went hopping towards a jar Ilmar was holding, only to disappear down a hole about 6" in front of the jar. Judging from the animals seen today, collecting will be quite good this spring. This evening about 8 Mr. [Terrence B.] Corren called me and asked if I wanted to go up to Tilden and look for Hy las. I said O, Ks, and we went up. We had quite a time getting up as it was soggy

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Nov 25 Chus. h Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa, Co., Calif. and raining and we couldn't tell where we were going. Once we got to the path we started looking for amphibians crossing the road. The first we saw was a Taricha crossing the road by the clubhouse to the golf course. At the Brazilian Gardens we stopped and walked along a road between the Gardens & the Brazilian Room. Mr. Curran caught a hexadactyl Taricha. We saw about 10 animals along the road, most going down to the creek. From here we drove up to the trains. We saw 30 or 40 neuts and got 1 Hyla that was hopping across the road to the golf course. The neuts were going every which way but they seemed to be disturbed by the lights of passing cars. We went up towards Inspiration point, but didn't see a single salamander. It was quite cool, and rained constantly the entire time put, and has been since about 1 P.M this afternoon, when we were out before. I was surprised we didn't see any plethodontid salamanders on the road, even when we were walking so far today all I have really ended up with is two warm showers, but I have learned a lot (not to go collecting in the rain until next time)

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Dec 15 Berkeley, Alameda, Calif., to Tehachapi, Calis We planned to leave at 7PM. After Gary got here about 9, we found we had much too much baggage. After struggling we got a cubby hole for two (intimate) and got off about 11:30 in the back of Gary's truck. We are caravaning, Ted going on to Modesto to get Dr. Cohen. Note: I am in the truck with Elroy Combs, Gene Hippmann, Gary Beeman, Handy Welsh. Gene & Handy rode in back. They say it is warm there; I wrocle in front - Brrr!!! About 2:10 we stopped at Modesto & got something hot. About 4:15 we met Teddy & co. at Fresno. John Ralph went on to Tehachippi from here, & I moved into the cubby hole with Gene. It is warm. About 5 we stopped at Fresno to get something hot. Handy will drive at least to Bakersfield, and probably for the next 6 hours or so. We will take the wood door of the truck when we get into Mexico. The truck has been making about 50 m.p.h., although the speedometer reads only 43-45. About 8:15 we stopped about 10 miles south of Tehachippi Teddy brought me some beetles. Driving down from Clear Springs on U.S. 99, the country is rather dry, open predominantly oak forest. There is much pine on the hills around.

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Paul DeBenedicti's 1960 Dec 15 Tehachapi, Cali - to Thousand Palms, Calif. We stopped at Tehachapi and got to gether. We will eat at Mohave. The Tehachapis look quite inviting. The standard yellow butterfly flower grows profusely, and there is considerable undergrowth of various types. The high mountains have considerable snow on them, but the mountains seem quite dry. The point we stopped at, well in the pine forest, is supposed to be a site for Ensatina croceator, but we saw no animals at all. The back of the truck is quite fun, but only for about 3-4 hours at a time. I had quite a time keeping my feet warm. At Tehachapi we met John, and went to lunch. We ate with Ted at Mohave. Then I had to get in back with Elvey (crowded, and how!) and stayed there until we got to Thousand Palms, about 3:00 - that is to say, about 6 hours Ugh! At Thousand palms we learned Ted, who had decided not to caravan, had broken down outside of San Bernardino. We waited at Thousand Palms until sun down, Gene, Elvey, + I hunting lma in the sand dunes. We saw a few tracks of lizards & snakes, but many rodents, rabbits, and some beetles. I took a few shots at some sparrows with my slingshot, but didn't get any. At sundown we called the Highway Patrol, who hadn't heard anything else, and told them we were

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Dec 16 Thousand Palms, Calif to Whitewater Canyon, Calif going to White water Canyon to camp for the night we did so. We ate a dinner of cool canned spaghetti and hot tomato-vegetable soup and set up our respective tents. I put out about 12 traps at various spots around the camp, mostly under large clumps of creosote. About 10: John Ralph finally found us, and camped here too. We plan to go to the border Tomorrow Dec 16 Whitewater Canyon, Calif to White water, Calif spent the night in more or less good sleep. Trains & trucks woke me up a couple of time, as did someone's (not Elvey) snoring. I slept with Elvey in his tent; very nice and not any colder than at home. I got up and checked my traps. In my second, plucked because of the cactus near by, I found a pocket mouse and the third from the last a kangaroo rat. I tried to skin the rat but couldn't make it, but I did save the skull & pouch contents. I also only saved the skull of the pocket mouse. I think I will do all right in Mexico! Walnuts work very well for bait. We had to get off so fast I didn't have time to eat any breakfast. All I had was apple cider, an orange, and an apple. I got absolutely no co-operation from anyone except Elvey, I won't be able to get many skins

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Paul DeBaudichij 1960 Dec 16 White water, to Junction U.S. 99-Calif. 78 Stranded in White wate. Where the hell is Ted? Gene, Elvey, Brian, Hardy, & I went collecting in the hills around the junction of whitewater canyon & U.S. 60-70-99. I took my butterfly net, after we had seen 2 monarchs & a white, and my lizarel kit, but only saw some minewds. Elvey got two Utas with his slingshot and Hardy got a chuck. I took a rock hammer, and only saw 2? Utas and got some olivine. About 11 we but out a bulletin for Ted. There is a Tarnetrum flying around the service station. About 12 three golden eagles flew over the hill on the north side of whitewater canyon. Ted is in San Bernadino. He blew his engine. We are waiting for John to come back from Thousand Palms and get Brian and Rich. Then we will goto Calexico and meet Ted there (we hope!). It looks like I'm not going to get any lunch either. (That was #2 Rapidographs). 1:15 we finally left White water for El Centro where will meet Ted. I got some lunch, about 3:30 we stopped at San Felipe Creek and ate. The desert down to here is all much the same, open scrubby bush, and all quite empty looking. The desert around the Salton Sea, is all quite barren, and often there is much salt on it. You can see the

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Paul De Benedicti's 1960 Dec 16 Junction U.S. 99-Colif 78 to San Luis, Sonora the old high water line of the salton sea on the mountains bordering it. At Valeréa Jean we saw a rough shinned hawk. Where the desert has been irrigated, it is quite productive. At lunch we ate all sorts of odds and ends - spam sandwiches, tuna sandwiches, cucumbers, etc, and scalding soup. I cooked and ate heartily. From here we went to El Centro, and got such accessories as Mayonnaise, mustard, paper plates, white gas. Still no sign of Teddy, we pushed on and got to Mexicali - WE MADE IT ACROSS THE BORDER! - about 9, still without Ted. We are waiting at the border for him, and getting insurrevel, etc. About 9 P.M. Teddy and party [illegible] across the border, just as we were getting our tourist cards. John took a little time, but our group got through right away. While waiting we were entertained by many small Mexican boys. After we were through we discovered that John won't be able to get his gun permits until tomorrow morning at 9 or so, and he probably will take an hour. Much to my protests Teddy & the troch went about 70 miles eastward to camp on the Grand Desevite, just east of San Luis (about 10 mi., I think - I was in

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Dec 17 Grand Deserito east of San Luis, Son., Mex. the back of the truck at the time. We got here about 2 AM, and immediately threw down our sleeping bags on the sand. I took all the traps (2 dozen), baited them, and set them under likely looking bushes. There were many beetle prints about, but only one set of mammal tracks - a ? fox. Many vacant Burrows. This morning as the sun came up I checked the traps - nights - what a change from yesterday. The Grand Deserito is an open, flat sandy stretch level almost as far as the eye can see, sparsely covered with sagebrush, creosote, grass, and a few other plants; these spaced at 4-6 foot intervals - not barren, but empty. It was bitterly cold this night, and I almost froze my feet off - didn't sleep at all. No wind, and I retrieved my traps simply by following my footprints. Not even any beetle prints had been erased! Now to get warm. Under trash I got 3 hairy June bugs and a green-black beetle; under a creosote bush we dug (hairy Burrow + I) dug out many small green weevils. Under boards, etc around the camp we found many "June bugs" and a few black beetles. I found one under my duffle bag, and one active by the truck. Best find was 6 under one board. Elvey got two Homopterians under boards, but dug one from

Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Dec 11 Grand Desertito, Sonora, Mexico to Haumisillo under a creosote bush. About 10 AM Teddy woke up and I started breakfast. About an hour later the truck went on for about an hour, then 40 miles, to collect while Ted waited for John Ralph. We stopped by an over flow in the first range of mountains crossing the road. As we pulled over we saw a ground squirrel (mantled) on a rock out cropping. In the bushes near by I saw a few Urus and a snout butterfly, as well as many Vanessa cardui. I didn't catch any. I went after a few birds (especially wrens), but didn't get any. I saw another ground squirrel on the other side of the road. I missed the snout twice. About 2:10 we started en up the road a little ways; what has happened this time? Dec 12 This morning we left the campsite and went where the first mountain range crosses the road. Here we stopped & I collected a little. We took off and Ted & John caught us a little further down. We went on a considerable ways, stopping at a service station to get something to eat (squash turnover) and to Sonquita to get car permits. From here we went into the Altar Valley and ate dinner.

Paul DeBenedetti 1960 Dec 18 Havmisillo, Sonora to Culican, Sinaloo about 10. We went on, driving all night. I was in the back most of the time. At Eucidad Obeogan I finally got some butterflies - A queen, a lyside, some Euremas and saw a Phoebis augate and a ?helicon. Missed a lot#, also many dragon flys. This was about noon. I ran through a horse puddle and got soaked - after a lousy lyside. From here, we got down town & each bought 50 vitaform pills of $1.10 (17.50 pesos). Then to Navajoa, where we ate lunch, about 1 P.M.. I got 4 or 5 smuts #ere 10 mi past Navajoa, where we ate, and then got in back. We went on until About 12-1 AM, and camped about 10 miles south ot Culican, Sinaloa. Dec 19 Culican, Sinaloa to Espuol, Sinaloa Got up this morning to hot humid weather & lots of butterflies. We are camped at the roadside by a lawn field in cleared thorn forest. We broke camp while Gene & I collected. I missed breakfast again! I got gobs of Euremas and lots of Microtia chava, and a few Mexican firts, Phoebis seuna a patch, and Gene got a Phoebis argaule. We went on from here for a while until the handle to Tay's

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Paul DeBenedicti's 1960 Dec 19 Espinol, Sinaloa, to Mazatlan, Sinaloa. He yet dropped out of the truck. We stopped and I saw an odd butterfly. We went back got the handle, and collected for a long while, getting lots of new stuff - much of it beautiful. Took off and stopped once to shoot a moggie. I saw a polyclamus swallowtail. We stopped once more and I saw a Phycides, collecting is so good I am going to stick to butterflies. I have seen 3 yellowish malachites and possibly a zebra so far. Gary saw a huge black butterfly in the thorn forest, and I thought I saw a morpho - although it may have been a calio. I have been very poor on my notes. - Campsite is 37 miles north of Espinol, second butterfly site is about 2/3 of the way between there and Espinol. About 3 miles south of Espinol we stopped, and Gary got an Anolis. I got 5 fatimas, one aremouge, and a (great 20t) Biblis argante. This is in the tropical thorn forest, and all of the animals we take on the edge of the forest. This is really a nice bunch. We stopped for a Tetenosaura, about 22 mi S. of Espinol and I finally got a hair streak. At Mazatlan I got a series of blues and Loremas, we camped at a spot a few miles out of San Blas. We had a fish dinner at Mazatlan, and night drove to

Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Dec 14 San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico the spot where we camped. No one got much, but we saw a few Armadillos. I went with J. Ralph and got nothing. The Truck also got nothing but collected Geckos in Mazatlan. The campsite Ted picked was apparently the entrance to a village, and [illegible] were interrupted several times by people going through our camp- once in a large truck. We got two red bats that night, with the butterfly nets. They were flying back and forth in a culvert about 4 feet high under the highway. I spent the night in the cab of the truck, most uncomfortably. I did get a little sleep. In the morning I tried to put up the bats, but ruined both. I saved the skulls of both and the flat skin of one, plus a few [illegible] that were on each of the bats. After I got done and had put Mac's kit away, I went collecting. Between Elroy and I, I got many different types of butterfly, including a dogface, a goatweed, a metalmark, and a tapilio; I saw many Julias and John Ralph said he saw some zebras. I saw a hairstreak and some black bacheyes, but didn't get any. We went into San Blas to get our breakfast. The road to San Blas is beautiful. It winds through mountainous, picturesque than forest & broad leaf forest, with an occasional

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 San Blas & Vic, Nayarit, Mexico Dec 30 Small stream and village along it. Across it flew many butterflies, and a few lizards were seen. Right at the edge of town, where Teddy saw some Iguanas. I saw many butterflies. I got two Papilios, and Gene & I got a few Microtias, some Phycoides and other odds and ends plus a zebra, a hairstreak, and a beautiful blue skipper. I saw many Clemidophorus and one Hyla smithii. Gary & co. got 3 Iguana and one or two Ctenosaura were taken here. We checked in to the Hotel Playa Hermosa, and I immediately took a shower, then ate lunch - we had no breakfast. About 3 PM, Gary, Gene, Brian, Rich, and I went out on a shift to see the mangrove swamp. It is stunning. I saw many zebras, and one beautiful black/red, & yellow helicon. All plants abound. We saw several Iguana, and 2 or 3 turtles, and Gene saw several snakes. Rich shot a spoon-billed heron and a ? kingfisher which was quite rare. In the evening we went along the coast to a banana plantation (an uncertain distance southward) shooting a large ? fish eating bat on the way down. We saw a few Racoons. We also made arrangements to collect at a banana plantation. Coming back we passed Hardy, who got a Natrix while night driving. In San Blas, we spent much time lizard hunting, but got only a few. At the Hotel we discovered there was nothing to eat with so we borrowed some

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Dec 20 San Blas and vic. Rayanit, Mexico utensils and made a dinner of spaghetti Fruit- cocahail. Gene, Rich, & Elvey went off to steal a coconut, and Gene got some Geckos and some Hyla smithi. Ted, John, & Dr Cohen went hunting but didn't catch any. Am I ever tired this P.M. Dec 21 This A.M. about 8 Gene came in and woke me up - for the second time. The first time was when Rich came in about 2 P.M., absolute- ly plastered, and tried to make friends with me. Gene, Gary, Brian, Rich, and I went along the Highway from San Blas to Playa Matanchen, and thence south? along the beach to a banana plantation to look for snakes. Then we got to the plantation I immediately got a Papilio (coesphoneus). In the forest I go- many aebras, julias, heliconus, and a few assorted nymphalists and swallowtails, and 3 beautiful hairstreaks. The swallowtails were abundant and flew in clearings in the forest. The hair-streak flew in the grass along the trails. The heliconus were just everywhere, and were, with the Fatimas (athriscipes), perhaps the most common butterflies. I saw a Ruddy banded daggerwing and a green malachille and a ? calico, but missed these. I also missed 2 or 3 other hairstreaks. This area is all banana plantation located in the dense tropical broad leaf forest. The butter-flies flew

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Dec 21 San Blas and vicinity, Nayarit, Mex. in clearings and along the trails, but only where the undergrowth had been cleared away. Everywhere in the forest we saw anoles, but they were hard to catch. In the bushes at the edge of a stream Gene and Gary caught a 6 1/2 foot Drymarchon (and I got none at the same time Protogonus Hypserantes). I got little on the way back, but really lost Elvey's standing net. About 3 we got back and I went out on the Beach with Ted, Nate Cohen, Rich, John, etc., to get some thermal data on Cnemis We got nothing but marine life for Elvey who has really cleaned up. In the evening I tried to get some dinner cooked, but everyone ran off leaving me without any white gas. There fore Everyone who was around when out on the beach to watch others set of fireworks. Then we all went Gecko & Hyla smithi hunting in the coconut grove and poached a few coconuts. After this we all decided to go Iguana hunting and got 11 Iguana & Ctenosaura in the trees at the edge of town. When we got back I finally put some dinner on the stove, a te, got my stuff together, and went to bed. I am really tired now. Dec 22. I was woken up about 3 this morning to clean up the mess from dinner. Spent the

Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Dec 22 San Blas, Nayarit to Guadalajara, Jalisco. morning cleaning up and writing notes etc. Wandering around I got a Julis, a ?columbella hairstreak, and a shipper, and saw many buckeyes and a couple of Papilios. I tried shooting Cuemis sling but the rocks were weve too light and the just bounced off the lizards. About 2:30-3. we finally got off for Guadalajara. We got a heplocliva maculata from some boys in San Blas for a peso. We stopped at the east end of the island San Blas is on and looked at a sea turtle one of the jungle guiter had caught. He wanted to sell it to us for 30 pesos, but we decided we couldn't take care of it, so we left it. The road up from San Blas, is as impres- sive as ever, and I really want to work along it. There is swamp, marsh, banana plantation, broad leaf forest, grassy & shrubby fields, Rivers, small streams, everything! We saw two other snakes today; Brian saw a ?leptophis by the hotel and we saw a datula at the spot where the sea turtle was. The sea turtle was of the smooth shelled type, with this costals touchels touching, & 2 pairs of broad plates dorsally (?lepidochelys), about 3 feet--shell length, and heavily encrusted with goose-neck barnacles, which Elvey collected. I was in the back of the truck and slept most of the way to Guadalajara, but since it was dark anyway, it didn't matter too much. We stopped and ate some tacos in Guadalajara, and camped a few miles beyond.

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Paul DePenedicis 1960 Dec 23 Guadalajara, Jalisco to Manzanillo, Colima this hill. I woke up to the dewy, dewy cold and spent an hour trying to stay warm. Then Elvey told me there were some butterflies, and I got up and went collecting. I got many Nathaliidae, a ?salome, and blues. A [illegible] miles from the junction of 15-80 I got 2 odd (Phrycoides vesta), and Elvey saw a snake. Gary caught a Sceloporus dugesii. About 5 miles beyond Cocula we got many small Eleutherodactylid frogs under stones at the edge of a lake and Gary got a Natrix. I got a Phrycoides auda a fatima. About 3.4 mi further down we stopped for John Ralph. I got a hirstreak and ?solones and a dogface. Gary saw a snake and got a rough shed skin. We stopped farther down to eat lunch. Here I got a satyr and some [illegible]. Nate & heugot a funny Eleutherodactylid frog under a clumpish stone. Later I got a small Cnemidophorus under a stone. From here we went down to Tecolotlan and got some gasoline, and lost Gene, temporarily. We stopped at a stream some distance beyond Tecolotlan to look for frogs, but only got a R. pipiens. I got a gemmed satyr and a patch. From here on we went straight to Manzanillo, stopping to get 3 goatsuckers that were blinded by our spot light. The country here is all hilly scrubby forest, and there are lots of nymphs in it. At Colima we heard lots of specimens

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Dec 23 Manzanillo, Selinga, Mexico of assorted frogs. We camped on the beach near Manzanillio (about 5 miles north). I got up quite Dec 24 early in the morning, and went butterfly collecting. In the bushes near the camp I got 2 tremendous blue hairstreaks, a small blue one, and a brown one, and saw ? melinus. Later I went swimming in the ocean, and got lots of animals in some tide pools, including a beautiful blue and orange damsel fish. There were lots of butterflies here too, but I didn't get any. In the later afternoon we went into Manzanillo shopping, and this took up most of the day. This evening we - Gene, Nate Cohen, and I went night driving north along the highway. In the river there we got many Electrovodactylus calling. In the background there was a noise like a truck engine running, and there we found a big cows of Bubo marinus. On the way back we stopped at a swanap, and I went in to my knees and got 3 Hyla smithi. We also got a couple of Rang piplens and saw many goat- suckrevs. When we got back we cooked a little dinner, and almost got to bed. Ted, John, & Patty come back from Manzanillo a little stewed and spent some time setting off five evacheus. We finally got to bed about midnight. I got up as early Dec 25 as I could the next morning to get some more hairstreaks. For a while I saw nothing.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Dec 25 Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico then finally I got some of the small blue species, then a big one, and finally a brown one. I saw another type of hair skink and a Ctenosaura but I missed both. Spent part of the morning putting up heptiles. About 3 Gene and I went out and I finally got some thermal data on some Cnemidophorus. About sunset we all went out to look for herptiles we stopped at a lagoon about 5 miles North of our campsite. I got 3 leptodiera marluta and some frogs, and a Cnemis temp. Ted got another leptodiera and 2 Anolis, and a ? Mabaye. Gene got lots of Electrodecytus like we got last night, and Gary got a Hyla baudini. We saw another leptodiera, 2 more skinks, and a Rana pipiens. We stopped in a coconut grove about 1 1/2 miles from camp, where lots of trees were over and looked for stuff. We saw mostly scorpions but I saw 2 skinks and Gary and Gene each saw one. Nate Cohen was stung by a scorpion where we got the leptodieras, but wasn't hurt badly. We planned to leave early, or even during the evening but one of the tires on the truck went flat and we had to wait until morning. We finally had good dinner, of beef stew. I couldn't find my sleeping Dec 26 bag and slept in Teddy's. At sunrise I got up and woke everyone else up. I spent most of the morning pickling the animals we have already collected. About 1 we started off for Colima

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Paul DeBenedetti 1960 Dec 26 Manzanillo, Colima, to Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mex. Colima. Shortly after we passed Manzanillo, Gay stopped for a high white butterfly, which we got - a loosey morpho. I also got two blues and a hairstreak and Gay got a beautiful shipper. (Guy bought a baby coati mundi this morning in Manzanillo). From here we went on trying to find Pueblo Juarez, to get Rang sin loae, but it wasn't marked on the highway and we missed it. I did see los Amoles, a town in dry open thorn scrub. There were no good looking sites in this area. We stopped once but I didn't get any thing. In the city of Colima Guy got another morpho, this one perfect. At the house of Figero Gigavis I bought a Indigo snake and a Mastigophis for 22 pesos. From here we went to a spot about [illegible] mi beyond the turnoff to Colima. Here we stopped for a large tarantula. Gene went rock turning and got a beautiful reddish-brown, white bellied Tautilla. This started everyone off. Elvey Combs got a half-grown Salvadora mexicano and I got a Cnemidophorus, all under rocks at the side of the road. When it was so dark we began grabbing at Scorpions we decided to go on, night driving with the trucks 24 volt landing light. We got nothing, but stopped at a spot where a spring came down from a cliff and got a few Eleuthrodaclyhos. We went from here straight to the spot where we had

Paul DeBenedetti 1960 Dec 26. Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico to past Ixtlan del Rio, Nayarit camped before on the way down, outside of Guadalajara. Dec 27. In the morning I got up early but did no collecting. We ate breakfast, packed, and took off for Guadalajara to go shopping. We spent most of the day in the market. However the first thing everyone got was a milkshake. Almost everyone bought gobs of stuff. The market was interesting but filthy. From the market we went into the forest about 30 miles past Ixtlan del Rio and camped. While we were preparing dinner, Gene went down to the stream near by and found a few odd Banas, but didn't get any. We decided to go after them the next morning when we were all rested. I woke up several times during the night - my air mattress has a slow leak, and the ground was quite rocky (the mattress started leaking at Manzanillo). Once about midnight I saw a beautiful white, shaggy sheep dog trotting through camp, the handsomest dog I have yet seen in Mexico. On the way to camp the truck stopped and Gene and I went out to turn rocks. The truck left without us by accident. John Ralph picked us up, and we caught the truck about 15 miles on down. Thank god we weren't the last vehicle. This happened about sunset, and now again Dec 28. I got up bright and early, rolled over and went back to sleep. The dew has everything just soaking,

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Dec 28 I left del Rio to Tepic, Nayarit, Mexico and I learned it is possible to blow up an air mattress while you are lying on it. After Elvey started his usual morning fire, I got up and relaxed my self. After breakfast gobs of sausages - I went butterfly collecting and got a few Enemias. and blues. Then I went down to the stream to look for frogs, relaxed my self again, but get nothing. Teddy got an Anolis under a rock. Then I got a small Sceloporus. Finally while walking along the stream I caught 2 frogs, Rana pipiens, and trying to catch one for Gene, I scared out what looked like a R. pushlossa, but couldn't get it. Just before we left I got a satyr, a pair of amynomes, and a Stymos?m-album, and saw a few others. I missed a beautiful Papilio. About 7 miles further down we stopped by Teddy. He had got some odd Eleuthro- ductylus, and I wanted to try my luck. (He also got a Masticophis). I got a string azure & saw another S. m-album. Gene got a Hyle exima and Gary got a Sceloporus. In the stream I saw a couple of Eleuthrodectylus, and Elvey and I each got a large amphibian egg mass and some tad poles. We also got many aquatic insects. We stopped at a little town for coals and went on to find the pine forest. We missed it. In Tepic Gary got a certificate for the parrots and we got some "agua purificada,"

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DeBenedicti 1960 Dec 28 Topic to San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico From here we went straight to San Blas, almost, stopping once on the San Blas Road. At a small stream for Microbatylus. Imme- diately Gene found a snake, and after a little trouble we (Gene) pulled it out of some bushes. It was a truly Dryadophis (I had been calling the Platicophis like I bought Dryadophis), which finely bit me. Gene and I went along the stream to a small lava flow where we got 6 Anolis on logs. Then we went in to a small banana patch and got 2 more Anolis and Gene got a funny Scelopous. Gray got 2 Kino- sternon and a small frog - our quarry? Two Mexican boys said they would collect snakes for us, at a peso each. In San Blas we stayed at the Playa Hermosa again - I was surprised they let us in after the last time - and I got my laundry done - for 12 1/2 pesos. Teddy got some truly Electrochylus (Leptodactyls?) in one of the larger rivers. No one had any ani- mals for us here, or any animals for anyone, but someone caught a leptophis. I am down to 12 pesos to the border. After dinner Everyone but Gene, Elvey, and I went to town to get drunk. We stayed at the Hotel, picked stuff, and went "cachorce" = gecko hunting and I got a few Geocal temperatures, but missed

It's been an awful year. But I'm still hopeful. [illegible]

Paul DeBenedicti 1960 San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico About Dec 28 many good opportunites. [illegible] 1A.M. While Dec 29 putting everything away I discovered that two of the Eleutherodactylus we got at Manzanillos were in copula, and there were many eggs in the jar. I pickled the eggs, and moved the frogs in hopes of getting more. I have got almost everything pickled now, that should be, except some Anolis. In the morning - [illegible] to bed about 3A.M. I finished pickling and packing. We got out of San Blas about noon, after everyone else had left us with more baggage than we could carry. At the iguana trees at the entrance to San Blas I caught a pair of white Peacocks in copula. Gary discovered he forgot to check out of the hotel. We stopped once on the road and Gary took some pictures. I got a Gulf fruit. Then we stopped at the stream where we got the frogs yesterday. Gary, Steve, Hardy, and Brian went herp collecting. Gary got another frog, an Anolis and a Sceloporus and Gene got 1 Anolis. I saw some beautiful specimens of Anolis but had no snake bags and couldn't collect. No one got any Kinasteron. Butterfly collecting was good. I saw 4 hairstreaks and got 2. One that I missed looked like an M-album. I also got an Euptychia and another type of large satyr and one Adelpha. I saw many small satyrs, Papilios, some Myscalcas, and one Calico that landed about 50 feet up in a tree. I missed another malachite

12 Benedictis 1960 Dec 29 From San Blas, Nayarit, to Mazatlan, Sinaloa. From this side we went straight to the junction of Mex 15-26. Here we got cooks and I got in front. Hardy has been slingshooting animals along the road and it sounded like fun so I got out my slug shot and joined him. It is lots of fun, and there are a lot ot sore cows between San Blas and Mazatlan. We stopped in a large town about 30 miles out of Mazatlan and got bread. In Mazatlan we found Teddy had got no money - John lost all our Traveler's checks - because of a mistake on the form. Todd has been here since 3 PM, and they got about 50 bottle stars for Elvey. We camped on the side walk outside of Mazatlan near the beach. On the way to Mazatlan it started to rain, and we got an Agalychnis and a Bufo marinus on the roads and missed a leopard frog. Nate Cohen is flying into the states tomorrow. It looks like it might Dec 30 rain tonight. It rained to night, but not too hard. Everything got damp. My air mattress finally went out completely, and the sidewalk is hard. I didn't sleep much. Early in the morning I got in to the cab of the truck. Genev and Elvey have been bickering constantly for the last two or three days. About 8:30 it began to rain really hard. We waited for a while in Mazatlan for some money. I hope we will

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Dec 30 Mazatlan, Sinaloa to Espinol Sinaloa see something on the road. We got off about an hour later than we had hoped, but early for us - about 10. The country between San Blas and Mazatlan looks quite interesting. It is large- ly open palmeto-thorn scrub with much rocky out croppings and much grass. It is quite hilly. The sierras in the east are much more densely over grown, thick thorn forest and perhaps even broad leaf forest. Bananas and cattle are major crops apparently. Mazatlan itself is a lovely town, with a long rolling beach and many new, modern buildings. There are many brge marshy and swampy areas below [south of] Mazatlan, and water birds abound. In this area we saw something really typical of Mexico - a beautiful pink cherry tree in blossom, with a vulture in it. North of Mazatlan the thorn forest is much thicker. We stopped in the thorn forest outside of Mazatlan and I got 2 hairstreaks, 3 lysides, a crescent, an greenmoye, and 8-9 [Microtia elva] and 3 chara checkers- spots. We passed through Espinol in a driving rain - it has been raining all morning. The thorn forest here is not as dense and there is more cactus than at Mazatlan, but it is not as open as below Mazatlan yet. Mostly the forest is is a jumble of yellow and green and many of the trees are bare. In rocky areas grow a few pink

Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Dec 30 Espinol, Sinaloa to Guaymas, Sonora, Mestice flower that is quite good for hainstreaks. There are many small, interesting-looking streams here. North of Espinol the forest has been cleared for cove farming, but the surrounding forest gives a good indication of the original conditions, solid thorn forest for miles and miles. The only possible regulating factors in here is the temperature, and even that is constant. We got gas at Culican. Around Culican much of the forest is cleared for growing corn. The thorn forest begins to thin out above Culican and large cacti become more apparent. The forest remains thick on the mountains. Culican does not seem to have had any rain and it was even sunny in places. Culican is rather attractive at the outskirts where there are many modern buildings. We had a wonder view of clouds over the city and surrounding mountains. We had to take a detour over a railroad bridge there. One of our ctenosaurs got out and the cati let loose on the front seat, to everyone's amusement- it used to go on the floor. We got bread in Guamachil, Sinaloa about 6. We hope to keep moving all nights. In the neighborhood of Navajoa, Son., the forest is almost gone. By Guaymas, the forest has been replaced by desert scrub and cactus like along the Salton Sea. It is quite hilly and rocky in this area.

DeBenedich's 1960 Dec 31 Guaymas, Sonora to Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico About 8 we all got up after a freezing night on the desert. We lost 1 turtle, a lot of gechos, and 1 Anole and 1 chuck. We got off about 8:30, about an hour after sun rise. There is a cold northern wind, but the sky is only lightly overcast. North of Guaymas the desert is rather lush. The base plant is grass. In it grows creosote, choia and organ pipe cactuses, and sage brush. The creosote is up to 20 foot high, and often quite dense. The soil is reddish and quite rocky. No flowers here now. The colors of the desert here are yellow-the grass, green-the bushes, and red, the soil. Around Hermosillo the grass thins out, or at least is replaced by a very low type and the soil becomes brownish-gray. The bed rock appears to be granite rather than lava, as at Guaymas. Hermosillo is a fine clean, modern town with many new buildings and no apparent slums. We stopped about 8 miles north of Hermosillo, at the spot where the last low rocky hill crosses the highway. We had planned to eat lunch here and I thought the rocky outcroppings would make this place interesting. After lunch Gene and I went up and tried it. Just as we were about to give up, Gene got a Phyllodactylus. After this he saw a Ctenosaura tail sticking out of a crevice. This started everyone off. All in all we got 11 Phyllodactyls, 2

Paul De Bevedochi 1960-61 Dec 31 Hermosillo, Sonora, [illegible] Indio, Calif., U.S.A. Urosaurus, and 3 Ctenosauru. Beyond this spot the desert is all flat and grassy, scrubby desert with much cactus. Gary lost his parrot at the spot where we ate lunch. At Santa Ana we stopped to get rid of all our pesos, and Harry lost a pack of cigarettes to Gary's coati. It is about 7 P.M. at Santa Ana (we > pet 2 1/2 hours at the lunch spot. I won't be able to see much of the desert from here on. We got to the Jan 1 border about 4 A.M (I have been in back since 3 PM) and some one has the down lumpiest duffel bag) and we had no trouble at all. In fact they asked about nothing except our animals. I got to sleep a little and woke up to the most beautiful sunrise over the Salton sea. We checked all our animals. They are almost completely frozen, but most have survived. Gary smuggled his "rat", as we call the coati, across the border. We arrived in Indio about 8 A.M. Retract my statement of yesterday. There is no comparison between the Sonoran and California desert. The desert of California is low scrubby plants, widely spaced, and showing the soil between them. Here the mountains are barren. In contrast the Sonoran desert is rich, with tall bushes and trees and the soil is largely concealed by grasses. The mountains are richly clad in green. Perhaps,

ual DeBenedicti: 1961 Jan 1 Indio, San Bernadino Co, to Mojave, Kern Co., Calif though the difference lies in the nature of the desert. That of Sonora is a rocky desert with little sand, that of California is the sandy desert. north of Indio. Still, the contrast is striking, and I much more prefer the Sonoran desert. Thousand palms really looks desolate now. The mountains to the west look a little more interesting than those to the east; they at least are a little colorful. It is Mt. San Gorgino. Just south of Banning in the mountains to the east there is a patch of what appears to be pines. It looks interesting. There may be a road up to it via Millard Canyon State Park. We ate Breakfast at Banning. The country around Cajon Pass is considerably more interesting. The shrubby, though low, is quite dense. The taller mountains are pine couered and many have considerable snow on them. The mountain I noted near Banning was Mt. San Jacinto. We stopped a little ways beyond the turn- off to 365 and Havty and I each got a few Xantusia vigilis under Joshua tree logs. Joshua trees are fairly abundant in this area, mixed with low bushes, sage and creosote (?), and grass on a rocky sandy soil. Most of the desert here is dry open sagebrush with patches of and scattered single Joshua trees every now and then, not especially attractive. I don't like this area but it was gun to finally do a little collecting here. Just

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J Paul DeBenedictis 1961 Saul Mojave, Kern Co., to Bakers field, Calif. East of Mojave there is a high stand of Joshua tree. There is no real yucca (Cagave) any where on the flat desert, the soil here is yellowish or ovayigh brown, light, a rocky sand. Still Joshua trees are the only really tall plants. The foothills on the south of the Tehachapis. are largely barren, but on the crest grow pines and ? juniper and joshua trees. They do not appear to be rocky mountains. there is another large joshua tree growth about 12 miles south of Tehachapi, and much cultivation around Tehachapi. Where the hills haven't been grazed they are densely "brush" covered, the brush being (at closer inspection) mostly like-oaks. Higher on the ridges grows a scubby pine. In this area (south of Techachapi) true yucca appears in the canyons. lots of rocky out cropings in the neighborhood of Tehachapi Creek, which may, in part be peuminant, the forest here is oak-pine, perhaps becoming predominately pine. The mountains (Teba-chapis) are granite with a coarse, red-brown soil. The new freeway passes through open grassy oak-forest. It was quite foggy when we went through this area. Finally even the oaks give way and there is nothing but granite boulder-strewn, grassy fields. We got to Bakers field about 4:15, and got lost there. It has been foggy all the way to Bakers field and looks like it will be so for a long ways.

Paul DeBenedichis 1961 Jan 1 Bakersfield, Calif, to Berkeley, Calif After it got dark it was hard to see anything, especially in the fog. The fog got so bad in places we could only see two or three white dots on the highway. In Fresno the fog lifted a little, but came right back. We ate dinner in Madera. Past Madera the weather be- came so cold the dew on the cow-guard and windshield of the truck froze. We took Calif 138 to Tracy, and the fog was not so dense except around Tracy. The Livermore Valley was clear, and Oakland seemed warm after the valley. We got home about 1 A.M., greeted by my parents and Tom MacIntyre. I took a shower at home and discovered I have a tick in my right armpit, I think since San Blas. Jan 3 - Memories and recollections - We did lots of things wrong on this trip. The worst was a lack of authority. We probably lost half a day because of this, and in general worked very inefficiently. Packing was done poorly. Cots are nice but not absolutely necessary. No one need bring more than 4 changes of clothes. Food, except for meat (excluding fish) can be bought down in Mexico. Small hams, canned meats would help considerably on the diet. If you are traveling by any vehicle of any size, try

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Paul DeBenedetti 1961 Jan 3 memories and recollection to pack it as much as possible the day before you leave - cots, sleeping bags, duffel bags can be packed comfortably and handily in half an hour, but mess kits, trunks, etc. cannot. Bring a minimum of baggage. Every vehicle should have a gallon jar of formalin, properly labeled, two or 3 pens and 50 or 100 labels located handily, and together, at all times, Chlorotone (about a pint) and new bulb 1 - should be available at all times, and everything should be pickled at once. Throw everything out that doesn't have a label, especially live specimens. Make everyone write at least one label for every batch of specimens. Everyone should have on his person at least 3 collecting bags, 1 canteen, and 1 waterproof container. Slingshots work for lizards, but you need rocks 1/2 to 1/4" inch in diameter, and heavy; quartz is good; sand and shells, etc. have no effect. These stones should be carried, but used only when necessary. Never try to push on a trip like this, except possibly at night. We should have done more collecting. Two vehicles are the most that can work together, and one is best. Our three cars should have had 3 or 4 day food supplies, and been able to work on their own more. Fast vehicles need not have more collecting time than slow ones, but could go to more places. They could and should be used to work as far from

al DeBenedicti 1961 Jan 3 memories and recollections. a base camp as possible. On the good side, we did get our medicines in Mexico, and each vehicle had some degree of control over its own members. 4 or 5 is a maximum, good working group, and two are best. - Recollectious day by day now - (Dec 15. It was all dark through the central valley and impossible to see anything. The back of the truck was fine, but there were lots of cold drafts. We used all our snake bags to plug them, and had to keep under blankets. About the time we got to Bakersfield, early in the morning I began to feel a warm draft. Till we could see during the day was a narrow slit of scenery between the top of the door and the frame of the roof covering. The spot we stopped in at the Tezhachapis is along the highway in dense pine-oak forest. Everything was moist and seem- ed O.K. for salamanders. If they occur here, they are found through much of the mountains. I was in back most of the time after lunch, but rode in front from Te-hachapi to Mojave. This morning we were supposed to stop at Bakersfield. All of a sudden Gene (who was in back) yells that were on 365 well in the Tehachapis. We were slightly upset. Ted had stopped a couple of times to collect, and we thought he had done the same.

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Paul DeBenedictis Jan 4 memories and recollections Mex trip (Dec 15 when stranded on Bejon Pass. At Thousand Palms everyone but Gary went out on the sand duns. There were tracks everywhere. Most of them were beetles, but there were a few lizards and "snakes". Most of the snakes turned out to be those of sticks blowing across the sand, but some, including what must have been a huge rattler, seemed genuine. Lots of mammals here. At night, in Whitewater canyon, I lost all track of time. I thought it was about two in the morning when John came. I wonder what this area looks like when it is in bloom?. Now it is all more or less dried sagebrush, creosote, and chola cactus. We used all for our (Elvey's first of what was to be a constant series) fire. They burn with much smoke. (Dec 16 My notes are really good for today. Gary thought the rough-shinned hawk was a rare Mexican species. It was landing in an alfalfa patch.. (Dec 17. Notes are good for the morning. The spot we stopped at in the desert looked much better than it actually was. The first ground squirrel disappeared in the rocks and we never saw it. The snout butterfly flys funnily-clumsy, but rapidly, all of a sudden disappearing as it lands on a bush. It looks much like a leaf when it lands. The wrens T,

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Paul DeBenedetti 1961 Jan 4 memories and recollections - Mexican trip (Bush-Tite 21-8-61) (Dec 17) were little gray birds with a lighter belly and responded very well to the imitation of their call, made by sucking air between the inside of the upper lip and the lower teeth. I also went after a "brown shrike." The spot where Ted caught us was at a bridge on the high near some tremendous duns, probably 20 mi W of Sonoyta. I found lots of clivine and a little cacaco pyrite in a stream bed here. I kicked over a piece of tin and a Vta van off. From here on I rode in back. We got to Sonoyta after sundown, and there was not even a chance to see my special mountain range. There were two terrible wrecks on highway 2 past Sonoyta, but the Altar Valley (I still am not sure if we were really here or not) I got out of the truck still half asleep, and spent a lot of time staggering around the vehicles. Elvey built a fire (he also did so at night in the Grand Desert). Teddy said he missed a Masticophis flagellum in a large rock outcropping here. (Dec 18) We woke up in the morning to be greeted by a flock of perhaps 100 black cultures and a few Audubon's caracaras flying over a dead house. Rich took a shot into the cloud and didn't get a thing. We stopped just outside of (north of) Ciudad Obregon in a bushy area. Teddy has gone into town to get bread. There is a large, filthy watered area here, and we all

Dec 13 were little bugs with a white polka dot wings and they were on my desk. I was just watching them fly around the room, and then one of them landed on my hand. I looked at it and said, "What is that?" It was so cute, I couldn't help but smile. I picked it up gently and held it in my palm. It was soft and warm to the touch. I didn't know what kind of bug it was, but it was clearly not a spider or any other scary creature. It was just a little bug with pretty wings. I let it go and watched as it flew away. I felt sad that I couldn't keep it, but I knew it would be happier in its natural habitat. I hope that wherever it went, it found safety and happiness. And maybe one day, it will come back to visit me again.

Paul DeBenedicti 1961 Jan 4 memories and recollections Mexican trip (Dec 18 went down to it to see what there was. Immediately I scared up a lysiside, which I missed: Rick got a Pfennophyla here and Brian or Larry Bunn saw a thamnophis. There were lots of dragon-flies, most that looked like Tanehum, but there were also some larger ones. We stopped just south of Navajou at a rocky hill where Teddy said he got Cnemidophorus in the summer. We saw no reptiles at all. The sunset butterflies came blown in over the highway in to the scrub. While not hard to catch, they were tricky. I had the best luck standing on the highway and getting them as they went by. The only other butterfly I saw at all was a Phoebis sennae. We went on until we reached a flat area on the side of the road. We camped, ate, and went to bed. Everyone but one person put up fancy sleeping gear. It wasn't necessary. This was the last time Elroy (and I) put up the tent. (Dec 19 Gene woke me up in the morning. Lots of butterflies is about right. You would walk about 15-20 feet and one or two Eremenes and chara cheekers spots would take off from the low bushes and grass. The chavas fly very weakly, but close to the ground where they are hard to get without snagging the nets. The Eremenas (and Phoebis) fly strongly but land in the vegetation quite often. They

Paul DeBenedictis 1961 Jan 4 memories and recollections - Mexican trip (Dec 18) fly quite nervously when annoyed. The patch I got was the only I saw. The larger butterfly did not come out until about an hour after I got up. I saw and heard a few Cnemidophorus in the bushes when we left. We dropped the handle to Tony's net and stopped by a knott where I saw a "butterfly with transparent wings". It was almost certainly a Myscales. We went back to get the handle and collected there. Some big orange butterfly (we got 2) kept flying by, but we couldn't get many. I saw a few black bocheys here. Most of the animals I got were near or in a wet drainage ditch, easy to get, but I kept missing them. Many of the butterflies flew into the forest when disturbed. The morpho probably was a culico. I don't remem- ber seeing any herpiles here. At Espinol Gray got the names, in Spanish, of most of the animals around. He has been looking very hard for eagles. This morning as we left camp we passed along a main power line. On every second or third pole (tower) perched one to 4 hawks, and Gray stopped for each one. On the lines perched sparrow hawks. We got a Harris and an immature red-tail on the power line, and a great horned owl on the wood poles on the other side of the road. These were all

Paul DeBenedictis 1964 Sam 41 memories and recollections, Mexican trip (Dec 19 eventually thrown away. We stopped at the spot south of Espinol to get a [illegible]. Ted has already got a Trimorphodon in a rock crevice near the surface, and Rich got a striped Anolis. Brian saw a boa constrictor. There is a bridge near the outcropping, and some water near the bridge. I got the anemone as it flew along the road. The rest of the butterflies were at the edge of the scrub. The "great zat" (I called it a "great zat butterfly" for the rest of the trip) is a large bach species with a crimson border on the hind wing, ?a Papilio. I saw an Adelpha fessona here. Gene's Anolis was crawling in the bushes, the only one we saw. I heard a few?Cnemidophorus. The hair streak I got was in the bushes in a rocky area in the mountainous thorn forest. The butterflies I got at Mazatlan were in the grass at the side of the road. Larry Burr shot a ladder-backed wood pecker. We picked up a magpie-jay somewhere along the line (I think - maybe tomorrow). This night I decided you must stay with your vehicle for two reasons. First the truck had a wild time in Mazatlan chasing geckos. Secondly I was stuck with no sleeping gear for about 1 1/2 hours, and it was not too warm. Driving to the campsite with John Ralph we saw 2 D.J.R and 203 live gumadilbos, and I thought I saw a gray fox on the side

Paul DeBenedetti 1964 Jan 4 memories and recollections - Mex. trip. Dec 14 of the road. The campsite was where a dirtroad turned left of the highway (going south) 0.8 mi N of the junction to Santiago, Wagarit. Here in some large puddles we saw a few leopard frogs, and someone caught a Sceloporus on the highway at night. The area is grassy, open thorn forest with a few areas of lush thick forest on the east side of the road. It seemed much drier on the west side's. Everything was quite dewey at night. The red bats were found flying in the tunnel, and weve scared out once by our lights. About an hour later when the truck arrived we caught them. I checked another larger tunnel but there was nothing under it. (Dec 20 I woke up early in the morning and Elvey came over and said he wanted a net for some bats. He disappeared for about an hour. I tried skinning the bats, then took a net and with Elvey went down after the bats. They were about 1/2 mile down the road, and we didn't get to them. While I was "putting up" the bats Elvey caught a few Celithemis-like dragonflies, which broke quite easily. By the time I had finished "skinning" the bats there must have been about 50-70 of them flying about the truck. Then Elvey and I went off to check the report of zebras (butterfly) in a corn field. We couldn't find the cornfield, but I saw and missed

Paul DeBenedictis 1965 Jan 5 Memories and recollections - Mexican Trip. (Dec 20) a hairstreak. Earlier when we went out we saw a flock of solid blue imagpies and some black & yellow trogons (Cl. Ralphs) and a beautiful (trogon?-J. Ralph). We tried to slingshot the latter. After the hairstreak we crossed the highway and along some low trees in the grass we saw many bochegecs and I got my first metal-mark, a poor hephel[scribble] sp. We went back to John and found out where the corn field was. I missed an anymone on the way, but got a leafwing and a Papilio in the field. We left here and went almost straight to the San Blas Hotel where we stayed. On the San Blas road I saw dozens of swallow tails going back and forth and just couldn't wait to collect along it. The road goes through more different terrains in 23 miles than any other road I have ever been on. We stopped at the bridge on the east side of the island San Blas is on and arranged to go boating in the swamps in the afternoon. Then at the edge of the town of San Blas we stopped where Teddy was parked. He pointed out two high (80 feet, at least) broad leaf trees that were full of iguanas (Iguana and Ctenosaura) and a nearby stone wall had many Ctenosaurra in it. Collecting in the clearing near by I got a few Phycoides, fatimas, and 3 Meliteus. There were very many Cnemidophorus lineatissimus in the dead branches here, all quite shy. On the

el DeBenedichii 1961 Jan 5 (Dec 20) other side (from the [illegible] of the stone fence was a field partially covered by a purple flower, which in turn was covered by butterflies. I got a Papilio, a zebra, and many other types here, and saw lots of sulfers and a few polydorus swallowtails. We also saw two huge white butterflies & that I called lysides (they were morphos). Gary went up one of the Iguana trees and got half dozen or so iguanae. After about 2 1/2 hours we went on to the Hotel and moved in. About 3 we left, with Rick to go on a tour through the mangrove swamps. We left from the small town(?) of Playa Maratan-chen, which is reached by a well marked, gravel road turning off the San Blas road (right when leaving San Blas, the 1st turnoff after the Bridge to the island.) Almost immediately we saw a small assemblage of zebras. Small black dragonflies flew along side the boat, and we saw a beautiful black helicon with red wing-tips and yellow wing bands. We started off through thick mangrove swamp, where almost no sunlight penetrated. Mangrove was the main plant seen, but a low iris-banana like plant grew in the water. On the mangroves grew small narrow leaved bromeliads and polypores. We collected some polypores, but they did not seem to be effect. Every now and then in the mangrove

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Paul DeBenedetti 1961 Jan 6 (Dec 20) memories & recollections - Mex. trip. roots we would see a Natrix or some other water snake, and birds of various types flew across the canal. In more open areas we saw a few Iguana iguana. They were mostly in the reeds at the side of the canals. When approached, although with the engine off, they would dive in to the water or clumps of (lily pads?) at the side of the canal. Four or three were seen in taller trees. These dove from branches 20 or 30 feet up into the water and swam out in good crocodile fashion, but quickly left the water, usually after having swum about 25 yards or so. A large part of the swamp is open, reedy marsh (the reeds were 4-5 foot tall), with many birds. Some of it appeared solid. There were few trees here, but these occasionally had iguanas in them. Just coming into this area Rich saw a large turtle on the bottom. It had a distinctly ridged (Briacumale) shell, and he thought - it was a snapper. Although it was not moving, we did not stop for it. We also saw 1 or 2 Pseudemys, one easily 2 feet in shell length, swim across the channel. There were very many large catfish in the water, which was crystal clear, and, according to our guide fresh. We were taken to spring area by a banana plantation where we were to pick up some beans.

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Jan 6 memories and recollections-Mex. trip. (Dec 20 (no one was home). Rich shot a spoon-billed heron here. As it started to get dark we discovered a large kingfisher (a posidly rave- I don't know what kind it was) which we chased for about 3 miles along the channel. During this time we saw the splash of an animal submerging. The guide said it was a crocodile. When we got back to the landing it was getting dark. We paid for the ride (50 pesos), and the guide took up to a banana plantation further south along the coast. We went out [illegible] the road to Playa Maluchen (there is a hotel at the end) and turned left along the beach, towards Puerto Villarelo. Once we pass the small villages, the air was filled with bats, apparently of two types. One was a small dark species. The other was a large pale brown animal. Rich shot one of these from the truck, It is apparently a fish-eating bat (fide Gavy) as determined by the corp the tail formed. The inland side of the beach along here appears to be low trees and tall reeds here. Finally we reached a [illegible] forested area, and the road turned into this. We are following a well-traveled truck route, that is submerged at high tide. In a cornfield here we located, by their eye shine, two racoons. Then we went up to a banana

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Dec 20 plantation and asked about snakes. The workers said they found them in the litter, and that they had recently seen a large boa. We arranged to come back the next morning and see what we could find. We then came back the way we came, seeing but not getting, a few more bats in the same area as before. At the Hotel we all went gecko hunting around the hotel. The geckos were on the old walls of the hotel, and ran upwards when disturbed. The light doesn't seem to bother them, but they are seldom seen moving. We also found a couple on the rocks by the hotel, which ran down crevices when frighten- ed. Gene found a couple in curl on the fronds of two coconut palms, together with Anolis and Hyla smithi. (Dec 21 About 8 we went back to the plantation. The was considerably higher than before and we made our own road. We got to the plantation about 9:30. The area is mainly dense broadleaf forest, and much of the bottom is quite wet. The forest is open enough to permit a heavy plant undergrowth of low bushes. Scattered throughout are patches of banana trees. We saw very few Iguana in here, only two or three. On the other hand Anolis abounds. There are primarily in the banana patches where there is a little more sunlight, but we saw a few in an open part of the forest proper. Most of them were on the

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Paul DeBenedetti 1961 Jan 7 (Dec 21) memories and recollections, Mexican trip ground, but a few were on bushes and on banana trees. I hit one in the bushes while swinging at a butterfly. The natives said there were large frogs somewhere, but we saw no amphibians at all, even though many areas were exceedingly wet, and even under an inch or so of water. I found the best collection of butterflies along the path and in the uncleared banana patches. The smaller hairstreaks flew in the grass along the path, and the larger was in a open grassy clearing at the edge of the forest. When we started it was quite clear and butterflies were everywhere. When we returned there was a strong haze, and butterflies were much less common, although it may have been the time of day. I caught a few shippers that I thought were metalmarks. The Drymauchon was caught in the bushes along a creek about 8 feet across and a foot deep, flowing slowly. Most of this area was in the shade though there were some large open fields just across the stream (through a "hedge-row"). I got a marine blue in a banana clearing here. About 4 or 4:30 Everyone went out on the beach at San Blas to get sea-snakes and Gnemidophorus. Not a reptile did we see. I saw a couple of bucheyes & a few blues in the dunes, but we saw mostly marine life. Buried in the sand at the tidal level were star-fish and sea snails, and egg

Paul DeBenedictis 1961 Jan 15 Memories and recollections - Alex trip. (Dec 21) Carrying crabs + a pretty blue-legged swimming crab, with a [illegible]-shaped carapace, were fairly abundant. We also saw a smaller crab on the hard sand that ran actively about, and many crab tracks and burrows. When we got back to the hotel it was getting dark and everyone was milling about seeing if someone would cook dinner. I tried to, but after I got started about half of the others went off night driving, leaving me with no white gas for the stove. So half of the remaining people went out on the beach and shot off fireworks and the other half sat down on the patio of the hotel and watched the display, and even offered themselves as a target. After a small war, we all decided to go gecko and frog hunting in the cocoanut grove across the way. This area is a grove with a considerable undergrowth and with a few ditches, often filled with water. In the daytime I have seen Cuemidophorus (lineatissimus) in the bushes along the edge, and the rocks filled with Glenosaurus are right by the edge. Our collects at night here by tramping around with a lantern, avoiding the ditches and stinging nettle, looking for Hyla smithi on the damp (dew-moised) fronds of the smaller palms. We saw only a few Hyla and no geckos, so we quickly changed to coconut poaching. After each of us (there were

Paul DeBenedetti 1961 Jan 15 (Dec 21) memories and recollections - Mex. trip $[illegible] got a good coconut, two of the others came over to us and said they found a room full of bats. We got our butterfly nets and went over near the hotel to investigate. In a old abandoned brick house one room was sealed off except for a door and a small hole in one of the interior walls. In it few about 20 large brown-black bats.[illegible] We netted three of them, but one got loose. We also saw a gray (?Norway) rat. While I was trying to get them out of the net, one of them bit me. After we numbedled them, we discovered they are vampire bats. (There are about 8 open (windows) rooms in the building, but there was nothing in them. Harvey Welsh said he had been in the building during the day but hadn't seen any animals at all.) The bat bite bothered me, but I am kind of afraid of the Mexican doctors so I did nothing but let it bleed and put mercuricome on it. After this we decided to use Gary's spot-light and go out and get some iguanas. We went to some tree at the north side of the city and there got quite a few, much the same way we have been getting them before- climbing up and throwing them down. The iguanas are just as exposed as during the day, but none are active. We got a few Ctenosaurs from these trees too. Finally we went back to the hotel, got some

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DeBenedictis 1964 Jan 15 memories & recollections, Mexican trip Dec 21 dinner together, and went to bed. The fellows who went night hunting ate at a motel. The brick house where we got the bats is just south of the hotel on the sand dunes. Dec 22 In the morning John Ralph woke me up to clean up the mess from dinner. A horse had been walking through our garbage, and it was all over. We did finally get most of it up and ate breakfast. I spent most of the morning pichling stuff and and packing, but I did a little collecting. I tried hunting the numerous Cnemidophorus in the hotel garden, but I could only find a few pieces of shell which were not heavy enough. I got none, but hit a few. John and Ted left us with six people, but we have used enough baggage to be quite comfortable, as long as the truck keeps moving. We spent a lot of time at the turtle spot, much of which was wasted. The Matry we saw was sunning on the rocks at the north east side of the bridge to San Blas. When we got near it, it swam into the the river and mangrove swamp, diving when alarmed. From here on we did nothing and it got dark shortly after we got on the main highway. San Blas must be on some sort of an island. As near as I can figure it was something of this nature ----> (cover)

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Wl DeBenechius 1961 Dec 22 River Map of San Blas area drawn from memory San Blas town plaza Iguana trees to Tepic trailer court River village coconut grove Ctenosura rock SANDY Hotel Playa Harmon BEACH brick house (swampy bats) River River sea snakes are supposed to be here N PECKY POINT hotel Playa Matanchen ROADS Mangrove Swamp there is absolutely no scale to this map and almost as little accuracy. SANDY BEACH fish-eating bats

124 55 [illegible] San Blas Town Plaza Houses [illegible] Stonework walk [illegible] Roads [illegible]

Paul DeBenedictis 1961 Jan 15 Memories and recollections - Mexican trip. (Dec 23) We stopped on highway 15 where we saw some lizards along the stone fences. They are Sceloporus digesi. The stone fences here are reinforced with barbed wire as they fall over with almost no protection. I saw mostly Nathalis here, but also some odd crescents (?vestes). The underside is much more like a M. chava than a Phycoides, but the dorsum is much darker than chava. Past Coedla We saw on the south side of the highway a lovely complex of lakes, and stopped along one of these to look for Matrix. We got many Electhuductylus instead. Walking along a stone fence, looking for anything, I got a pretty Phycoides Exana types, that looks a lot like a Melita on top. A little way farther down we stopped and I got some salomes and a hairstreak in some flowers. Gary saw a small racer and found the skin of a huge snake (17 scale & rows, smooth, single anal), either a Masticophis or a Drymarchon). In the mountains beyond the lake valley I saw several large satyrs fly across the highway. We stopped as asked some Mexicans about snakes and I got close to one (and an odd orange Exrema) but missed both. Finally at the spot where we ate lunch I got a satyr. I saw a funny pale yellow Exrema here and more of the odd crescents.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1961 Jan 15 (Dec 23) memories and recollections - Mex. trip) Elvey and Harry Burr have been collecting scorpions, and Gary suggested a new way - smash them with a stone, and then impale them with a long stick. They didn't like the method. Scorpions were everywhere here. The site was in very dry, open thorny- brush covered mountains. However under a rock under the shade of a clump of leguminous trees Nate Cohen got an odd frog (Syrrhopus or Tonocadtylus). A little later I got a Caemidophorus under a more exposed stone. Past Tecotolan Teddy picked up a D.O.P. Hastico- phis b. lineatus. We stopped where the highway crossed a small stream and went frog hunting but only got a Rana pipiens. We saw two satyrs in the trees along the creek and got one with Gary's hat (this is about the first time I haven't had a net with me). I got the net and then got a Chlosyne , but saw no more satyrs. It was getting quite dark by this time.

21 Jan Dec 23 [illegible] and Larry B., have been collecting souvenirs. I suggested a new way - switch them with a H. M. from Laos - you saw it at the zoo! It's still pretty difficult to get a ticket with a loud noise. I've heard somewhere that they are everywhere now... It was still in very bad shape, after they had been covered by snow for months... However under a very bright sunlight, I could see it again! It looked like a small island of green! At a camp of fishermen there with other boats, we tried to find out where the boat was. A little girl said: 'it's on top of the river!' I got a [illegible] under a more exposed slope. First we took it down. We stopped when the bridge was too low.

l DeBenedictis 1961 June 24 Berkeley to Donner Lake, Calif. Left about 10 this A.M. for Donner Lake, Bay Area warm, dry. At Richmond 2 vultures flew across the highway (O.S. #0). At Vallejo saw a small bird (sparrow?) chasing a red tail Hawk, giving it a real bad time. On the road side were many (6-8) long tailed brown squirrels (looked like had a black saddle patch. Saw a ? Jay by a farm near Davis, several crows, a pheasant, near Yolo sp!! In Sacramento a magpie. Very hot, 93 in the valley, clear, no wind. Went all the way to Donner Lake non-stop. The fire last year burned along the top of the ridge north of Donner lake. A few lepidoptera along the lake & highway, not many bird calls. When we arrived at the cabin Hankican, T'plainview Cabin, 1/2 miles east of Donner body just off of O.S. #0.) The area here is scrubby pine forest, mostly dry, but not too bad. Checking around the house we immediately found oregon juncos, sparrows, robins, a pinto elfin, a crescent, and a chipmunk. Later collecting in grassy area got many crescents and 3 species of blues (gray [crossed out], saepiolus, anna), saw a few small birds and a Thamnophis. Then we went over into a dry scrubby area. Here saw a few jays, a Nashville warbler, and many Chlosyne pally, a few Peleojus javoides, Colius, and a few Anthrocercis. Many Papilio rutulus very-

Paul DeBenedictis 1961 June 24 Donner Lake, 6000 ft., Placer Co., Calif. Medon all about. Commonest birds junco's & robins Tony got 2 Thamnophis elegans buoler boards in a wet field, and later I got one crawling in the grass. Saw a flycatcher. Butterflies disappeared about 4. lots of Blackbirds by the lake here. Saw some "white"breasted robins in the pines & a pop. and a pair of western tanager's, nesting, Also a ground squirrel near a wood pile, and a sea gull by Donner Lake set out 11 traps by the cabin, mostly in back heavily over grown area. Saw more juncoes and sparrows. Saw 2 flycatchers by the house and one mt. chickadee in a small oak in front of the house about 6:30. Trap line as follows: 1) at a rock pile under a small fir tree, 2) in a stone wall, 3) in rocks under willows, 4-6 in lilac, manzanita, small pine, small firs, many rocks 7) trash pile behind tool shed, 8) in rock crevice exposed grassy area, 9-10-11) thick poplar thicket, quite damp, all in root tangles. Later in the evening saw several Vaux swifts over Donner Lake, and a Western tanager feeding (and calling constantly) in some alders. Saw blackbirds & robins. Every one else in the family went fishing, betwee one got anything. Still light at 8:30, getting wippy. June 25 Got up about 2, checked the traps. Nothing. Ants taking the bait. Walked west along dirt

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uel DeBenedictis 1961 June 28 Downer Lake, 6000 ft, Nevada Co, Calif. roads to find birds but saw very few, mostly flycatchers. In the chuparral there are many nests in low pine trees - [illegible] No butterflies, but very many chipmunks. Got back about 8, went down to find blues now. Saw a Green-tailed towhee and a crowned sparrow in back of the house. Set about 6 traps for chipmunks. Ate breakfast then went after butterflies. Went to the blue spots (wet meadows) with Tony, got many blues and a Thamnophis. Saw a hermit thrush in the alders. 3 types of blues, [illegible] (1 only, ♀), anna, 5♂♀, associated with a tall yellow clover growing in very wet areas, and saepiolus, in drier areas. Also many crescents, a few silphius & Papiliors. Saw one copper, and got 2 skippers. Coming back met some boys who showed me where they find lizards, but didn't see any. While I was gone, got a chipmunk which Mary let go (still alive), and found another in a trap in the bushes in back.. Took all the traps in them (about 12). Put it up, poorly. I've no real skin for me. Later in the afternoon went after checkerspots, got 8♂♀, 2♀, + a pine to western elphin, a few blues, and a crescent. Only birds seen were flycatchers (pewees, I believe). Saw 2 Sceloporus, one on rocks, one running across road. One was quite bluish-green above, and ate an ant while I watched.

Paul DeBenedictis 1961 June 25. Donner Lake, 6000 ft, Nevada Co., Calif. Saw a ? Chlosyne palla laying eggs on small Indian paintbrush (Castelija.), got home about 4, slept until 5:30. Woke up to an approaching thunder storm that lasted until 6:30, little rain. It started 2 small fires south east of here. About 7 found 4 Wilson warblers in the bushes where I got the chipmunk, and also a few oregon juncos about. The latter have a long trilling call, often repeated, quite beautiful. Warblers didn't call. They seem darker above to orange on the face than Berkeley specimens. Robins most most conspicuous birds here, then juncos, then pewees, then Steller Jays, all else uncommon. Many, many chipmunks everywhere. In the morning I got 2 ? Cordulegaster dorsalis on alders where they are associated with seapage areas. beautiful big black & yellow dragonflies. A few damselflies here but mostly crane flies, June 26. This A.M. got up about 9, weather clear, sunny but a few small clouds over high mts to the west. After breakfast Tony & I went up into the mts north of the cabin. The mts are all quite open, a manzan- ita, sage scrub with small pines (cleaved), and more dense pines higher up. A few small trickles of water are present. The only flowers are cowslowers? & ? Ceanothus. Butterflies were scarce, but we got on saw Chlosyne palla, Papilio eurymedon & ruthe's, shippas

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Paul De Benedetti 1961 June 26 Douner Lake, 6008 ft, Nevada Co., Calif. (Spylea) a few Erynnis, one fritillary, and a few sheep moths. Birds were scarce. We saw a brown thring, lid with white tail feathers at the cabin + heard juncos + pewees everywhere. Some one large Accipiter sp., white bellicd, brown above, size of crow, landed on a pine + 2 red-shafted flickers, flying. By one of the trichles we found grass and clover plentiful and here got Plebjus saeptolus + anna, saw checkerspots, crescents, one Spylema fritilla and sulphurs. Also saw juncos aud one Hicher. Followed a trickle down and saw many checkerspot's and a few Lamentis lo-quini, got an Erynnis, and saw one pewee. Only saw one chip- munk today. Got back about 11. Saw a MacGillway warbler (+) in the alders in bach of the cabin. Saw a dark warbler with a yellow throat up in the pines. Later went birding but didn't see many birds. Robins (+ 1 juv.) everywhere and a few pewees + juncos, 2-3 tanagers in the pines, and a ? vireo, with very clear pale eye stripes, in a fire. At the cabin saw a ? Audobin warbler in a willow, a few (2) Wilson warblers in alders. Nothing in the haps (6 out). We went to Squaw Valley about 2. Saw nothing on the way. In the valley few butterflies but many birds. In alders several wilson warblers. In the meadows along the creek black birds (bicolor + Brewer), many kill deer, a few spotted sand- pipers, and one flicker in the willows. Sand pipers

Paul DeBenedictis 1961 26 June Squaw Valley, 6200 ft., Placer Co., Calif. had very orange hills. Only butterflies were saepiolus blues & sulfurs. Tony got a ♀ acmon blue + I got a ♂ Anthocaris (both worn). By the road saw some (? Cliff) Swallows, 2 Brown-headed cowbirds, a ♂♀(nesting) Mt. Blue birds, several Casin finches, and 2 pigeons (one a band-tail I think). Got home to find another chipmunk in a trap, this one in an open area pine. Spoiled it somewhat when I put it up. It takes about 1/2 hours now. A few birds around. Tomorrow may go around hike Tahoe. 27 June Nevada Side Lake Tahoe, Nevada left 6 traps out last night, nothing. Saw a green-tailed towhee while checking traps + a good sized ♀(? trofos) hummer, about 9AM another similar but smaller ♂. Went around L. Tahoe starting at Nevada side. Saw some shore birds in flats at Tahoe City. At a beach about 1/4 mi. W. Sand Harbor's St. [illegible] Park (Nevada) we stop- ped for a while. Butterflies scarce. Got 2 ♂♀ Erynnis, a ♂♂ Chlosyne palla, Nymphali californico, saw many Papilis eurymedon (worn) + a few rutulus, a white, Limenitis longini + hedowii; a few frits (Spylecia coronis ♀ taken), and many moths. Many found a dead Sceloporus in the lake. Birds scarce, mostly Steller jays but sawa fringilid + one Wilson warbler. Also saw a few chipmunks + plain brownish ground squirrels. At Sandy Pt. State Park saw Steller Jays, Oregon j-nco's, 2 White-Br. N-thatchers and

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Paul DeBenedicti 1961 27 June California side lake Tahoe and some gulls. Stopped at Emerald Bay St. Park (Calif.). Nothing. At entrance to Desolation Valley Rd. got a ? checkerspot, saw skippers, heard many birds. Beyond J.D. Bliss St. Park much of the forest looks quite good for butterflies-lots of flowers. Stopped at Truckee to get some formaldehyde but couldn't. Saw a hill deer and a mt. Bluebird along U.S. 50. Got back to the cabin about 4. 2 Juncos in back. later saw a Wilson, an Audobon, & a ? MacGillivary wabber in the alders. Set all the traps in a chaparral (manzanita)-open pine area, saw nothing. Saw a ? hawth over the hills on the other side of Donner lake. Spent the rest of the evening by Donner lake. Saw a Vaux swift and a few gulls. 28 June Donner Lake, Nevada Co., Calif. - Got up at 6:30 to look for birds and check my traps. Saw mostly robins, Steller Jays, & Oregon juncos. All the traps were empty, one set off. Ants were at about half. Took 8 traps in (bottom line). Saw an Audobon wabbler up in the pines, calling, 3-5 "a hee' a hee' a hee'. later saw a few pewees and Tanagers, -tailed about 5 for sparrows, 2-3 green townees, and a few chipmunks. Most interesting find was chickadees nesting in a stump about 3 feet from the ground in cleared chaparral, and 3 hairy wood pechers, up in the pines, calling, a sharp "pewt" Got back about 8. Saw

Paul DeBenedictis 1961 June 28 Donner Lake, Nevada Co., Calif. a female Audubon warbler Fa ? red-br. Nuthatch (pygmy?) by the cabin about 9:30. Went to Truckee. In fields at west side of town got saepiolus blues, coppers a worn ringlet (elko) and saw a few Spylevia & Papilio eurymedon & vtolus. Everything scarce. Birds were Mt. Chickadees, Cassin Finch, robins, Steller jays, Mt. Bluebird (?), and olive sided fly- catcher. Also saw a few chipmunks and one brown ground squirrel, standing up right on a rock and whistling. Thought it was a bird. Quite hot dry and windy. Got back about 12. After lunch checked traps, 5 chips, but one too far gone. Brought the traps in. Animals had been out too long and hair slipped on the ones I tried to stuff. Saved 4 skulls & 2 pelts. Many butterflies at trapping site - chlosyne palla, Papilio eurymedon & vtolus, Spylevia, a male Phister, Plebejus icavoides, limeitis. After finishing the chipmunks, went to Donner Mem. St. Park. Beautiful park but little animal activity. Few birds (robins nesting on the Donner Moun- tment), jays and robins most common, but many chip- munks and golden mantled ground squirrels. No face striped Area looks interesting. We almost hit a ground squirrel. After visiting the park went to Truckee to get laundry, saw a Mt. blue bird. At the cabin very little about but white & ? red br. Nuthatches quite active. No traps set tonight.

Paul DeBenedetti 1961 June 24 Truchee River South of Truchee, Placer Co., Calif. Went to Truchee River about 4 miles from U.S. 40 along Calif. 89 where the west side is very wide & level. The area is quite open, cleared, with sagebrush and scattered ? ponderosa pines. Along the river willows (especially) and alders grow profusely, and grass & small (but few) flowens covered the ground. Chipmunks were numerous every where, on the ground & in the trees, calling all the time. I also saw a large chickaree (gray squirrel with black sides) coming down from some pines. Butterflies were scarce, except for Papilio eurymedon tritulus, but Doug got a Spyleia hydaspe, and we saw a few whites & Polygonia. Birds were abundant. In the pines were white-br. Nutatches, Mt. Chickadees, robins, Steller jays, a & black-headed grosbeak, warbling vireos, ? warblers (10 types), and juncos. On the ground were juncos, robins, and a f "Linnet." In the willows were yellow warblers (many), song sparrows, pewees, robins, vireos (chased into pine, ? a wren, and a thrush (? Swainson, but quite nuddy). Saw two hairy woodpeckers in a tall poplar, and a slichen fly across the river. (? Cliff) swallows flew over the river and a pair of spotted sandpipers were quite conspicuous on the gravelly river bank. Saw one juvenile. In the air 2 large black turkey vultures (wing held above horizontal). Sea gulls over Donner Lake. We were gone from 11 A.M. to about 2.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1961 June 29 Donner Lake, Nevada Co., Calif. About 4 I went birding near the cabin. Only two notable, a yellow warbler and olive-sided flycatcher in an alder area. Also saw Steller Jays, robins, juncos, pewees, White Br. W-thatch, W. Tanagers, Brewer blackbirds, McDougal warbler, warbling vireo, and, later, over Donner Lake? western gulls and rough- winged swallows (some showed much blue on the body, but consistently dark wings. Belly uniform white, tail dark above, throat?). June 30. Went to the south and west sides of Donner Lake. West side is quite built up but a fire road on the south side is very wild, with many birds (flycatchers, etc., one s-lichen), and many Papilio's. We didn't stop anywhere, however. When we got back I went butterfly collecting. In the chaparral area no birds but one Sceloporus. I took 2 ?♂s Chlosyne palla, a ♀ Philotes, a ♀ Lycaena, and finding nothing else, went to by the grassy areas. (Broke my net's handle). The grassy areas were a little better. Got 2 ?♀s anna blues, a ♀ Saepiolus blue, a shipper, a ♀ Phycoides (? bauna!), and saw many other crescents, Papilio's, and one frit. Birds made better showing also, with pewees, robins, Steller jays, one gon juncos abundant, mixed with a few olive sided flycatchers, yellow & wilson warblers red-Br. W-thatches, Vermil Thrush, ? vireos, and West. Tanagers. One or two chipmunks; I heard green-

Paul DeBenedictis 1961 June 30 Donner Lake, Nevada Co., Calif. failed towees calling. Also saw a very green ? hummer (? black chin) (black eye strip, white belly) feeding at some thistles. The Chlosyne Annae blues associated closely with a lotus, near oblongifolus), the ? Dotted blue on pussy paws (Calyptridium). About 5 birding near the cabin produced Mt. Chickadees, pewees, robins, Stellar Jays, Wilson warblers, & song sparrows, the latter two in Alder thickets. Wilson ?s calling, chip chip chip - whistled and echoed as if they were calling into a metal storm drain. Swallows and gulls on Donner Lake as usual. Saw one ? gray squirrel. Another hummer near the cabin about 6 P.M., flying up in the pines. (3 or so species here - ? callipe, rofous, blackchins, but no ?s seen). Found a juvenile Mt. chicadee, just able to fly, and many juncos & robins are in comparable condition. Juv. juncos look much like vesper sparrows (See June 26) July 1 Sagehen Creek area, north of Truchee, Calif. heft for Berkeley about 12:35, via Calif 89 north to Calif 49, thence to Hubert home on U.S. 40. North from Truchee much open sage-brushy forest. The fire last year burned this far & farther, clearing an area 1/2 to a mile wide of trees. None ? burned forest with little under growth but many lush meadow areas along Little Truchee R. Stopped at Pine Valley Road (a dirt road off Calif. 89 beyond Sagehen

June 30 BANNER The din that year turned their pet into an animal, and the wide range of species from which forest with little undergrowth but many lush trees caused along little Trailways R. Stepped at Pine? I have a book on Turtles from zoos about turtles. The first book I ever bought to be a better pet book was like Nestor Sparrows (see June 29) Another book was The Care and Handling of Birds by John W. M. F. A. Told me what birds eat, how they live, where to find them, etc. The other books were: "Birds as Pets" by Dr. H. G. G. G. (see July 1) I have a book on "Cats and Dogs" by M. J. M. M. M. (see July 2) I have a book on "Fish Keeping" by R. R. R. R. R. (see July 3) I have a book on "Reptiles" by S. S. S. S. S. (see July 4) I have a book on "Small Mammals" by T. T. T. T. T. (see July 5) I have a book on "Exotic Birds" by U. U. U. U. U. (see July 6) I have a book on "Parrots" by V. V. V. V. V. (see July 7) I have a book on "Raptors" by W. W. W. W. W. (see July 8) I have a book on "Waterfowl" by X. X. X. X. X. (see July 9) I have a book on "Songbirds" by Y. Y. Y. Y. Y. (see July 10) I have a book on "Game Birds" by Z. Z. Z. Z. Z. (see July 11)

Paul D. Benedetti 1961 July 1 Sagehen Creek to Yuba Pass, Siemalo., Calif. Area #2) For lunch. Area is open, much sage brush + pine forest, lots of poplar along River. Collecting on mints along roads got a fril (coronis?) saw many Papilio's and a few sulfurs. Tony got a Pieris becheri. Got a \u2640 Satyrum californica on pussy paws, a Spylevia hydaspe on cone flower in a wet area, and in wet muddy seep got Nymphalis milbechi; Callophrys invider, saw some Phrygides. Saw a few robins, & a hairy wood pecker on poplars. After eating went North along the highway to find Tony. In a (white sp.) Ceanothus clappareli in the pines he got many hairstreaks (Satyrum behrii, californica, saepium \u2640), Callophrys nelsoni & invider, saw euphon, and also saw Papilos & a few frils. I got 2 behrii, saw a fritand a Green-tail towee. Went across the little Truchee River. Saw a satyr & I got a Spylevia (coronis), on the ceanothus got a \u2640 Callophrys euphon and in grass Cercoynis ochs. Tony got a lycacna heloider & a Spylezia serene. Saw a Mac Gillvary warbler in the willows here. Much of the area is good for Callo- phys nelsoni, with much firs & incense cedar mixed with the pines, though not many butterflies evident. Stopped at Yuba Pass (6700 ft.) or Calif. 89 to collect in emense meadow areas on both sides of the highway. Butterflies were common but few species: Plebius saepiolus, Colias, Spylevia serene & coronis, Papilio

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Paul DeBenedictis 1961 July 1 Yuba Pass to Berkeley, Calif. Physoicles montana + mylitta enymedea, Glauopsyche, Enyoanis, Thorybes, + another shipper. Pussy paws proved to be quite good. 3 species of birds casually seen were Casia finches, robins, + hairy woodpeckers. Boy saw a warbler. The high downstream mever provides many habitats, and a deer + a few squirrels were seen as well as numerous Papilos # hameutis. Where the grass became dry, orange monkey flowers + mints were common, and a few Spyteria + ?Eupha- dlyss were seen. The N. fork of the Yuba River looks good for Thamnophis couchi, and a Mb. visible from the S.F. State summer camp looks good for pithas (picture taken). Past Auburn little of interest seen, except that in the vally west of Davis I saw a monkey-like animal sitting on a fence post - (looked like a wooly-monkey - ? Bassaris cus), [ground squirrel] got home about 9:30. (For the 1st 75 miles we averaged 10 mph. By Berkeley we were up to 28). July 4 Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley Alameda Co., Calif. went up about 2 in spite of windy weather. Birds hard to find. Saw Wilson warbler young (just left nest, with much gray plumage), red-tail hawk, Allen + Anna hummers feeding on monkey flowers + morn- ing glories, no males diving, and mostly ?s in evidence. High up in dense bushes a MacGillvary warbler. Also one flicker in the oak trees, and few assorted sparrows, hots of linnets, in all possible places.

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Paul DeBenedetti 1961 15 July Berkeley to Arcata, Calif. Left Berkeley @ 1.01 ? Zhr. Went straight to Russian River. At Santa Rosa saw a ? Sparrow hawk (this type). Stopped for 1/2 hour at Squaw Rock near Hopland. Here large numbers of cliff swallows, nesting on the rocks. Saw a sandpiper fly down the river. Elvey scared two sparrows (Song or Fox?) from a brush pile. I'm madstones took us across the river & few black phoebes. A turkey vulture net later, 3 red-tail hawks flew above, the hawks feeding. 4 Turkey Vultures about 5 mile from Ukiah. P.O.R. Jack Rabbit little further down, didn't stop through. 712 13.6 miles. South limit Ukiah. Vulture on summit beyond Ukiah. 71297.8-Humbolt Co. Line (Cooks Valley) 71323.0 Stopped in Redwoods. Groot some polypores with bottles on hemel branch. Heard chickadees & finch/lids. 71325.8-Elk Creek. Stopped at Mad River Slough near Arcata. Many birds here, especially on the mud flats. Most abundant were a small sandpiper (white wing tip spotted, dark necked, fairly long [head length] black bill, black legs, brown, white belly), Western End-paper. Also noted long-billed Curlews, Marbled Godwits, Willets, a dove? Kheu, Killdeer, semipalmated plovers, Caspian tern, egrets, Gulls, house sparrows, crows, and #? gorse/l? chickens, many). Also seen on mud flats. Great blue heron. Many vultures in areas here also. Barn Swallow at Orick

307.5 In the can or mussels. Great for stewing and broths. Good in soups and salads. Cooked greens, cabbage, turnip greens, collard greens, Also served fried (green beans) and boiled. Also with black beans, white rice, red beans, rice, and spaghetti noodles, fresh pasta (fresh lasagna), etc. Hot-and-cold meals are served on the same tray as many kinds here, especially on the menu that= 1/2 lb Cress. 50gbs of hot yam slices now in bread. Heard sandwiches at lunch. 4-7 lbs/328. Root some potatoes with peas or beans. To rice (cooked pasta) / 328d slice beef in bacon with an evening salad and fruit. 5:30 pm—1st for lunch, 2nd for dinner. 20+ min. See Tuesday 1/9 to 6 with 2-3 day trips to Ukraine, For 2 week rental (the hotel room is) and down there are 2 beds in the same area, two weeks vacation. The hotel offers about 50 rooms in one section. If you want a view of the sea and sunflowers, request in the lobby. There are 3 elevators up down the river. Never seen any problems. To rent for 2 months. $17 per week / 2 or 3 on 5 and weekends. The hotel has a nice pool and gym. It is near the river. 2-4 miles from town. Left Between 2 & 9:00 = the last stop? Russian River. At some point, it goes to the sea? Bordered to Aosta (Valle d'Aosta). In Italy.

Julie Benedict's 1961 July 15 7/14 51.6 Arcata, Humboldt Co., Calif., to Oregon Caves 7/15 16. Klamath River. Dead skunk, rabbits on road observed have to Crescent city. Many birds on the bay, but couldn't identify them. Foggy from Eureka came on up, but not cold. Heavy but not dense Douglas fir - Redwood forest, undergrowth of maple, poplar, etc. Not many birds evident. Crescent City about 6 P.M. 7/17 75. Stopped on highway beyond summit. 7/15 13.0. Heard chicadees, finchlike. Saw jays, ? Raven or culture. 7/15 16.2. Oregon Border. Camp at Grayback Rec Area near Oregon Caves Natl Mon- ument (7 1.25). Went out about 9, hunting. Saw a quail (Calif.), then Nighthawk flying way overhead. Later many bats out. Ranger told us garter snakes, gopher snakes, Rattlesnakes. Blue-bellies, Alligator lizards (coenlas) are here. Bears in the winter. Many Sock rabbits but we didn't see any. Got back about 9:30, went to bed. July 16 Oregon Caves Natl Monument to Rice Hill, Douglas Co., Ore. Took off about 8 this A.M., aim to make Tillamook area by 6 or 7 - 300-350 +/- miles. Gray Beach Rec Area. 7/15 40. Steller says mostly, in camp area. 7/15 52.2, 7/15 73.7 D.O.R. Raccoon too few gone for our equipment, large adult covered with maggots, but shell in good shape. 7/16 06.3 Doug- lass Co. Rice Hill 7/16 73.5. Song Sparrow humming heard goldfinch. Hawks, others on way.

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Paul DeBenedetti 1961 July 16 Saukham River Oregon, to Astoria, Oregon. Birding at the Saukham River at U.S. 99. Grassland with tall poplars along the river, lots of birds in the trees. High up many yellow warblers, lower: Scoop sparrow, spotted towhee, west. wood [illegible], towhees (few), One so psucher, intermediate between red-naped & common, way up. Tried to shot it but couldn't find it. A ? (?rufos) hummer. Cliff Swallows nesting on bridge. Bewick wren in alder, House Finch. Killdeer on Rian. Elvey caught a young bullfrog. Stopped at Wecanicum where several Barn Swallows were nesting. The nest low bowls of mud reinforced with pebbles & straw, quite unlike the ground-like nest of other swallows. Took the ferry from Astoria to Washington across the Columbia River. Most plentiful bird was Western Gull. Others noted were Cormorants, Barn Swallow crossing river, and a small blackbirds. A few crows by the water side. 3 Night-hawks at camp site about 9:30 July 17 Ft. Stevens State Park, Oregon Went birding early this A.M. Foggy, too dark to see much but lots of birds calling. Seen were Song Sparrows, Oregon Junco., Wilson Warbler, Crow Swainson Thrush, Robin, Downey woodpecker, Western woodpeewee, Band-tail Pigeon, Sea gulls, ? Black-throated Gray warbler, bear owl (Great-horned), calling hoo, hoo-hoo, hoo, but couldn't see them. Later a few swallows. Saw a few robin nests. Some signs of rodents

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Paul DeBenedictis 1961 July 17 Et. Stevens State Park, Oregon; Cannon Beach, Oregon Chestnut-backed chickadees up in the trees. By the beach in grassy dunes. Many passerines. Orange-crowned wattle, Savannah sparrow, white-crowned sparrow, black birds, crows, robins, pewee, barn t? violet-green swallows, gulls & cormorants flying along beach. First site was very wet Poplar, Fir forest. Lots of mosquitoes, eaten by many of the birds. Stopped at rocks at south end of Cannon Beach. Here a large rock perhaps 80 feet high covered with grasses of several types, and bounded by sheer rocky faces. On top hundreds of western gulls, nesting, which attracted my attention. With them about as many [Tucked] Tornad Puffins, also nesting. They sat at the entrance to rabbit-hole sized burrows. On the faces Pelagic and? Double-Breasted Cormorants nested in large grassy patches on the ledges. The two nests were indistinguishable, but Pelagic's may have been a little larger. Several Pelagics were still building. They were mostly on the north side while Double-Brast, were mostly on the south side. 7-8 prs of Pelagic, perhaps 10-17 prs. Double Breasted. Also on the rock faces, with perhaps no nest but a rocky depression were Pigeon Guillemots. These were common. No other species noted in about 1/2 hrs. time. This is an excellent spot for observing these species as all species are quite accessible, even at a fairly high tide. Go on the Beach at Cannon Beach

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Paul De Benedictis 196 ( July 17 Cannon Beach, Oregon to Cape Perpetua, Ore. and drove south to the first large rock which shows from the highway (101). Stopped at the Oswald West monument (Hunnat). Pigeon Guillemots, over (Cobble Bv.) Cormorants, Western Gulls at ocean, or rocks & in water. Over cliff many Violet-Green Swallows flying, one Ringlid. Saw a hummer from the car. Great Blue Heron at Wheeler. Stopped at 3-Arch Rocks wildlife refuge. Thousands of birds, but too far out to see clearly. Noted definitely Western Gulls, Pigeon Guillemots, Pelagic Cormorants, Common Murres (Double-Breasted) Cormorants). Seaweed (10-6) dead, young Common Murres washed up on beach. Common goldfinch and White-Crowned Sparrow in back of beach on grassy, bushy areas. Camp at Pt. Perpetua Rec. Area (U.S. Forest Service.) Saw Brush Rabbit, Steller Jays, Robins, Band-tail Pigeon. Set traps out 4 along creek below camp site & 1 in empty adjacent camp (shunk cabbage). 2 along highway, ten on loop. First 7 traps with 2 springs, 1 not touched, one Peromyscus, next 2, 1 vole, 1 missing. 12 on Aighuws, [illegible], [illegible] (Jays took both.) 1 Peromyscus, 4 missing, 1 spring, of 10 on road. Dawn Jays took one Peromyscus, forever the vole. Saw what I could of the latter - Elvey shot 9 Steller Jays, Robins & Crows - only birds out this PM. Heavy, wet forest here.

Paul De Benedictis 1961 18 July Cape Perpetua, Oregon to Sunset Bay St Paul, OR Spent morning collecting sea life. Got several new things including an orange species 2 feet long. Western Gulls, brown swallows. Stopped at Devil's Head State Park, where there were many birds on the surf. Most were surf scoters, but further out Western Grikes, Western Gulls, Pigeon Guillemots (few), Brandt Cormorants, one other duck, and along beach rough-winged Swallow. Sea lion View. On Off's Pelagic + [Double-Br] Cormorants, Western Gulls, Pigeon Guillemots. Stopped at Charleston to see birds on River. Western Gulls, Common Herons, Barn Swallows along shore. Mud flats with sandpipers in the distance. Cape Arago Light house. Immediately found a Belted Kingfisher. White-Wing Scoters and Western Grebes in water, a few cormorants. Few Pigeon Guillemots (nesting) in water, on rocks. Western gulls. On the grounds of the lighthouse Barn Swallows, American Goldfinch, hummet, Robin, [? Rufous] Hummer ?. At Sunset Bay Park, casual birding produced Robins, Swainson Thrush, Wilson Warbler (many), Crows, Goldfinch, humnet, Orange-Crowned Wrenbler, [?] rufos hummers (?), Hermit Warbler (?), Song Sparrow, Common nighthawk, Chesnut-backed Chickadee. Empidomax Flycatcher, ? Pine Siskin. Set 5 traps casually around the tent, Elvey set 2. Area is very open Poplar-alder type forest with undergrowth of shrub-cabbage, low forest)

w Benedict's 1961 19 July Sunset Bay St Paul to Brookings, Oregon. Got a mouse. left for Bandon about 8:30 A.M. Went to Coquette Pt. near Bandon to see birds. Nice beach. Inland white-crowned Sparrow, Red-stuffed Flickers. On beach Wimmers (3 or 4), hildebe (few), half dozen Black Oystercatchers (quite noisy). On rocks western Gulls, Pigeon Guillemots, Common Murres, Tufted Puffins, cormorants (probably all 3 species), and ducks (white-winged Scotus) in water with Western Grebes. Other land birds included Barn & Violet- Green Swallows, American Goldfinch, and robins. Stopped for lunch at Between here and Port Orford very little is to be seen as the road is inland. We ate lunch at Battle Rock wayside. Here were few birds (mostly swallows), but Gulls flew over head. Out over the ocean one black gull sized bird wheeling over the water. Possibly a Shear- water but not a Sooty Shearwater. Stopped several times where we could see the ocean, and many islands. However birds were scarce, most being Gulls and Cormorants, and the ever present Swallows. The Forest is quite (new) new, logged out / or burned heavily, and only few conifers are in evidence, in contrast to the heavy cooler forests of northern Oregon. Saw Gray Squirrel, ground squirrels, Cols of vultures, including one that took a squirrel from the highway. Almost here last day in Oregon. Elvey let the Thraupophis go.

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DeBeaudich: 196 19 July. Harris Beach State Park, Curry Co., Oregon Camped at Harris Beach State Path near Area is bushy beach border, with almost no trees Found Band-tailed Pigeons and a sparrow right away. Went down to beach about 7. Here a few bird rocks but not many were spectacular. Species noted 4 Belled Kingfishers, were Western Gulls, Cormorants (including a Pelagic), Pigeon Guillemots, Common Murres, and killdeer on the beach. Near by in the bushes flew goldfinches, White-Crowned Sparrows, Song Sparrows, Robins, Wilson wabler (?), Barn # Violet-Green Swallows, Barainson through. 20 July. Few birds here, none seen for certain. Got a mouse, with 12 traps out. Went to low fir forest produced nothing. A mouse in eye patch in a clearing. Kent sawa Bush Rabbit yesterday, threw a tube of hair cream at it & it hit it. Whole area is low scrub, with much Rhododendron or Azalea. Left about 9. Drizzled this A.M. Stopped and looked at rocks on a point just in California. Lots of cormovants, Pigeon Guillemots evident. Rocks quite far off. Didn't stay. Stopped on the beach beyond (South of), the Crescent City Municipal Harbor. Here a long sandy flat, with few birds - Western Gulls, Sandertings (2), Semipalmated Plovers (6-8), and # Swallows and a Crow inland. Out in the kelp beds a few ducks etc. A bird I's bird farther out, but too far to see well. Still cold. Large numbers of birds (Gulls especially) on the Klamath River at Klamath. Stopped in Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park. In a

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DeBenedetti 1961 July 20 Dow Wote Co., Calif. to Garberville, Calif. Grassy area got a Thamnophis sirtalis, saw a bush rabbit. Few birds. Steller Jays, chickadees calling, + a long trill. Saw Band-tail Pigeon. Got some Polypores on Poplar logs. Stopped at the beach between Anchun Trinidad where the Hwy goes between a lake and the Ocean. Saw few birds but some good. Over the lake Os prey (turkey white hawk with white cheek patches). On the beach Western Greyl + a Brown Pelican by the surf, spurrows in the hogs. Greyls, Western Creeber, White-wing Scoter (? and other duck) in ocean Brown Pelicans, ducks in lagoons here way off shore. Several herons and an egret near Eureka. Took a side road thru. South Fork, McCann, to Garberville. Stopped in a marshy area and saw Rana Boyleii, 2 sp. of dragon flies (Plathemis, Symetrid) Later stopped at a small stream and took Rana Biglii + Dicamptodon. All state Parks fill so camped at a motel. Put 8 traps out. 5 species of birds seen Song Sparrow + Black Phoebe, Kingfishers, Killdeer and swallows along the ELL River. July 21 Garberville, Humbolt Co., Calif. Nothing in the traps. Birding in the A.M. perched spotted + Brown Towels, Song Sparrow, robin, wilson wabler, crow, turkey vulturs, spotted sandpiper, button + ?warbling (poor view) Vireos, Hairy woodpecker, Western Tanager. Sennel Jays (chevel Steller) Black Phoebe (nesting on cliff like swallows. Nest is a

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ul DeBenedictis No 1 July 21 Garberville, Calif to Van Damme St Paul (alt west-facing) cup of grass and mud on rock face, open flat tailed white the rounded shaped nest of Cliff Swallow), Western Woodpecker, lesser Goldfinch, Rough-winged Swallows (nesting in holes in a east facing rocky-dirt cliff overlooking the river), Killdeer, Calif. Quail, [illegible] Kingfisher, Oregon Junco. Area is French's Hotel near Garberville on 101. White throated Swift at Hartly Creek. Cormorants on the rocks. Barn + Cliff Swallows along the road. Goldfinch on the [illegible]. Stopped in a canyon south of [illegible] went past Fort Ross. Lots of birds along a creek. Most were Song Sparrows + Allen Hummers, but also saw Black Phoebe, American Goldfinch, Orange-Crowned Wormbler, White-Crowned Sparrow, Hummeros, Bush-tits, Barn, Cliff, + Violet-Green Swallows, ?Western Flycatcher (an Empidonax, yellowbelly, dusky [illegible]), turkey vulture, crow, western Gulls by the ocean. Lots of Rana boylii in the creek along with Sliklebacks. Elvey saw a black oystercatcher. Farther down a knimout (very good tennant) produced few birds, mostly Gull + Cormorants in the water. 3 very inter- esting bird rock (?cormorants) betweens here and the lost stop. Flickers along the cliff. Stopped for lunch at Mac Kennicher State Park. Saw Caspian tern, white- Crown Sparrow, Turkey vulture, crow, robin, heard king- fishers. In a lake hundreds of transforming toads + toad tadps, and misseka thamnophis. 2 Ducks. Saw a Meadow lark along the highway. Later a Raven. Several

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ual DeBenedictis 1961 Van Damme State Park to Albion, Mendocino Co., Calif. turkey vultures around. Camped in Van Damme State Park. Everyone went out but me. while they slept I' went out & registered & shopped. Saw Hummers, Steller Jays, Pine Siskin. later went to see the Bog. This is a large, grassy, shrub cabbage patch. Birds abundant along the edge in Poplars, pines, and firs, and on the shrub cabbage. lots & lots of Chestnut- Backed Chickadees & Wilson Warblers (probably nesting). Also a few Brown Creepers (on poplars), Winter Wrens, ? Hutton vireos (? Kinglets), a Western Wood Pewee. Saw Song Sparrows and 10-12 Rough-Winged Swallows in grassy, dry field. 2 Deer when we came in the park. later saw 7 Band-Tail Pigeons. Park naturalist told me he saw ground in the park. He doesn't know much about the fauna, is working on flora. Elvey put out 7 traps as he saw a squirrel. I saw a Townsend chipmunk. 22thly Elvey got a mouse. I put it up. Ants got the eyes. Still took about an hour. Heard chickadees, woodpecker, Oregon juncos while skinning. Went to the pygmy forest. Here is a growth ofunted Cypress, pines, rhododendron & manzanita in hard volcanic soil. Quite interesting. Saw Oregon juncos. Stopped at Albion Rhyacothiton site. Much vegetation & I couldn't reach any good looking stream. Saw a few Song Sparrows. Got 2 types of

Paul DeBenedetti 1961 22 July Albion, Calif. to San Rafael, Calif. polypores. Many turkey Vultures along the road. Stopped to look at bird rocks (cormorants + gulls only) beyond Albion and saw a dark place Red-tail Hawk. Later saw 4-5 more along the road. Wood pecker (?Achor Acorn?) with white wing patch when flying) on telephone pole. Elvey won't stop. Near Anchor Bay 2 ? Ospreys, pale Brown hawks flying along ocean. A few (6-7) Ravens along high way. Many linnet, ? Song Spar, Barn + Cliff Swallows. Much pine beyond Pt. Nican (south of). Looks good for Pygmy Nut- hatches, etc. Beyond Anchor Bay saw a Bald Eagle flying along cliff side. Near Russian River several massive cliffs. Few small bird rocks. At mouth of Russian River gulls, small olive birds, a hawk + a Great Blue Heron. Several Cormorant rocks along Sonoma W. Coast. This is all open cattle-raising land with a few area of forest, beautiful rocky coast. Lunch about 1 at Bodega Bay. Many shore birds in the bay on the mud flats. 8 or 9 Clemmys in creek south of Tomales, in a large creek area. Sunning on rocks, a tree stump. Large bird (?duck) in creek (disappeared in tank). Many shore birds in Tomales Bay. Tide is high so birds hard to see. One Caspian Tern. Several Egrets (one at least Common by size), 2-3 Great Blue Herons. A few ducks on the Bay, couldn't

Jude Benedetto 1961 22 July San Rafael, Calif. to Berkeley Golf feel what kind. Several (3) vultures at turnoff to San Rafael. Much warmer here than on coast. Also one-two Ravens. Got back to Berkeley about 3 P.M. Saw 77-78 sp. of birds this trip. Near the spot where the Clemmys 2 ground squirrels were in a tiny hole at the edge of the highway. Gulls on San Francisco Bay. Many-many shore birds on mudflats by Albany. 26 July Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Trip about 3 produced a few nice birds. 100+ finets, 20 red-wing blackbirds near Bowles Hall, jays & dickcdees in evidence. Still Reeves near Rec Area. West Quail. Took path up to x-country road; very little. Steller & Scrub Jays, linnets, 2 house wrens (couldn't tell eye color). At top found in bushes few orange-crowned warbler, linnets. Amer. Goldfinch, Empidonax (belliciflor) - yellow below- In pines saw Red-Br. Nuthatch & 3 Hutton wrens. Partly cloudy. Band-tail Pigeon, Ash- thr. Flycatcher (seen clearly; thought it was a Shrub). 2 Deer in [illegible] canyon by Bot. Gardens. ? 3? lazuli Bunting. Strange Fringilid. Clean lofty breast; no eye markings. Quite noisy. Reeve chased it away. Anna & Allen Hummers (f), Wilson Warbler Red-shafted flicker (sounds like a hawk), Downey woodpecker in small willows. Brown & Spotted Toweees, Song Sparrows everywhere. One funny sparrow, red-shiped crown, widely separated black cheeks on white breast, ?lincoln.

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Species Accounts

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Ambystomid Sept. 4 1 1/4 mi W (by Mex. 15) at the west boundary Mexico City, Mexico, Mex. (T. Papenfuss- M.A. Eucley collectors) # 95. [illegible] Snout-vent 3 inches, tail 3 1/8". Dorsum brownish olive coarsely mumbled with black(1), the mumbling larger on the sides, and on the tail the black almost pre dominating(2). Venter lighter than dorsum, mottled with purplish or bluish centrally.(3) Fris ground color. limbs like body, head more finely spotted then body, and lips yellower, like belly; throat with brownish tinge. # 96. Snout vent 2 3/4", tail 2 7/8". Dorsum very dark olive, heavily mumbled with black(1), but this not distinct, tail with less mumbing(2), head + lips cotted, lips mottled yellowish; limbs like body. Venter olive, purplish mottled.(3) Ivis slightly lighter than ground color. Side lighter than dorsum, but similar in pattern. [illegible] arrows point anterior-posteriorly (along body axis)

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Amby stomical Sept 4 14.4 mi W (by Mex 15) of the west boundary of Mexico City, Mexico, Mex. (T. Papenfuss-M.A. Eusey collectors.) # 97. Snout, vent 2 1/2", Tail 2 1/2". Dorsum yellow-olive, mottled heavily with black, tail with less black, the light spotting most conspicuous laterally, limbs mostly black, eye olive-brownish; venter grayish, finely yellowish spotted, thin and throat brownish-red, lips slightly yellow. m.dorsal line -> <--- line connecting bottom <- of limb incurs Three other specimens are quite variable. One is similar to above, but darker, another has the ground color of # 96, but the finer mottling of # 95. The last is similarly dark but with coarse dark mottling like the above specimen. Beneath the 1st of the two above specimens are gray beneath with much yellowish spotting, the last is similarly colored, but the gray as a very coarse marbling.

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Paul De Benedetti 1960 Batrachoseps attenuatus Nov 11 Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. - Mr. Curran told me today that he has seen a few small specimens of this species under logs, etc. Nov 12 Today I found an adult specimen on the walk near the life sciences building. It had been squashed badly, probably during the night. I found it about 9:30 A.M. Nov 25 S.T.W. of Grizzlely Stables, Santa Costa Co., Calif - Today we saw many salamanders of this genus under rocks & boards at the watershed land near the south end of Chos. Fee. Tilden Park It was quite cold, about 48° F air temp) and rainy, and most of the animals seen were fairly inert. They tended to be under only in rather damper rocks, but a few were seen dry situations. All specimens seen were adults.

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Sept 5 Chiropterotriton chiropetra Kilometer 75, Highway 196 - WW slope Mt. Popocatepetl, Mexico, Mex. (T. Papenfuss, M.A. Eudey collectors) - # 102. Snout-vent: 1 3/4". Tail broken, but present]. Dorsal ground very dark brown, sides da[illegible], venter pale grayish; No pattern, crossed out lateral dark color sharply defined Animal dead. under a microscope the coloration actually consists of a matting of bronzy specks on a black ground, the bronny disappearing laterally. Towards the belly the black resolves into separate black specks, on a whitish ground. # 103. Snout-vent - 1 3/8", tail broken. A brown dorsal band from back of head to tip of tail, dors laterally black, mottled with stripe color, Head darker above than body. Limbs stripe color above, black laterally, beneath gray, with coarse lighter specks on chin and throat. Basic pigmentation as above, but more clustered bronzy pigment dorsally, and very little on sides. chest color gular and posterior abdomen[illegible] The general aspect of these animals is that of Batrachoseps (but with a caudal constriction)

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Paul D Benedetti 1961 Dicamptodon ensatus 20 July Devil's Elbow Creek, 4.8 mi. E. Weott., 400 ft Humbolt Co., Calif. - 5 specimens of this species were taken with Rana boylei in a small, cool, fast moving stream in open redwood forest. The stream is about 3 feet wide, 6 inches deep, with many rocks and small falls in it, and lined with gravel. The surrounding area is quite dry at this time, covered with tall redwoods, oaks, and others low trees. Undergrowth of grasses and ferns. The animals were active, and found both exposed in the stream or under rocks. Only these two sizes (2" + 5") were seen), and none were buried in the gravel. They did not show a strong tendency to move. This is the 1st permanent Shore on the Road from McCann to Garberville, going south. (.4 miles by road).

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Pseudoeurycea belli Sept. 4 14.4 mi W (by Mex. 15) of the west boundary Mexico City, Mexico, Mex. (T. Papenfuss - M.H. Eudcy collectors) - (copy) - "2 adults of this species were found in about an hour's collecting. Both were under large boulders 2'x3'x2' thick. The rocks were on the wet ground, 15'-25' from a fast moving stream 3' wide and 8"-2' deep. There were ponds in the stream. The soil in area was damp to muddy from recent rain, the stream ran through an open meadow covered with grass 2"- 8" tall. There were no trees or shrubs. The nearest forest was 1/4 miles distant. Here the forest was a dense pine forest. # 92. ♂. Snout-vent 3 1/4", tail 2 1/2". Dorsal ground color, black, (1) paler beneath. (2) A large salmon (3) blotch on each occipit, a single middorsal blotch of the same color on the nape, followed by 16 pairs of dorsal spots, 1 pair on each body segment to the tail constructor. Tail black, uniform, Eye uniform black. # 93. ♀. Snout-vent 3 1/8", tail broken. Same as above, but 1st 1/2 set of spots fused to from a "Y", and spots lighter, as in chip. No mental gland.

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Paul De Benedict's 1960 Sept 4 Rhyacosivedon. 14.4 mi W (by Mex [5]) of the west border Mexico City, Mexico, Mex. (T. Papen fuss- M.A. Eucley collectors) #94 [illegible] Snout-vent 6.7cm, tail 6.5 cm. Dorsum dark olive, finely spotted with black [1], tail light, beneath and with coarser spots [2], head with finer spots. Venter pale olive, with a coarse network of black melanopores, which is often broken to form light spots [3], these spots largest ventro laterally and most numerous in the pectoral region. Iris dark olive like ground color.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Nov 25 Tavicha torosa Brazilian Gardens, Chas. I. Tilden Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. - This evening about 9 Mr. Curren picked up a hexadactyle newt crossing the road at the west side of the Brazilian Gardens during a heavy rain. Only 1 foot, the right hind, was abnormal, it was shaped like this: [illegible] the sixth toe being quite poorly developed. About 10 other animals were seen. Probably all wevermates, but none were in breeding condition. The vent was starting to swell, but all were warty. They have a characteristic manner of walking, which makes them quite distinct, although the may be confused with reddish leaves, etc., on the road. The orange of the belly shows quite distinctly on almost all specimens, unless they were walking in the direction the car was going. The walking position was like this: [illegible] Animals seen were all of breeding size, and many were quite large.

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Paul DeBardis 1961 Bufo bereas Feb 12 Wilbur Springs, Colusa Co., Calif. - I found a large adult under a log here. The log was about 4 feet long and 8-9 inches in diameter, on the mud of an open grass and dwarf lupin covered field used for cattle grazing. The toad was in a pochet under the log and not active, even when handled. A creek, quite mineral from several sulfur springs in the area was about 40 yards away. The only other amphibians in evidence were Hyla calling in the distance. There may be some pure water around than the stream, but insects at least do live in the stream.

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Paul DeBenedetti 1960 Bufo marinus Dec 24 Rio Cihuátén, 18.1 mi N Miramar, Colima, Mexico. While collecting some Eleuthrodact- tyles we heard in the back ground what I thought was a truck engine warming up. When the sound remained so constant, we - Gene Hippmann, Nate Cohen, & I - went over to investigate it. It was a large chorus of these toads. They sat either in large open pools in the river or on the mud close to the pools. Some would swim into the pools, but most remained motionless until collected. They were quite conspicuous in the light, showing up light brown against darker. Nate caught a pair.

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Electrodactylus Dec 23 4.8 mi W. Cocula (by Mer. 80), Jalisco, Mexico I caught about 10 of these frogs under stones at the edge of a small lake. There are many stones, and most have two or three under them. Many had 7 or 8 though. When disturbed the frogs ran quickly into the water, but refused to go far in. We must have seen 40 or 50 of them all under stones.

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Electrodactylus Dec 24 Rio Cihuatlan, 18.2 mi N (by road) Miramar, Colima Mexico - In the early evening while night driving with Gene Hippmann + Nate Cohen we found achows of these frogs in the rocky streach of the Rio Cihuatlan. The frogs were hiding in the grass and stones at the side of the river. I found 2 under one stone about a foot in diameter, one in a clump of grass, and a small one in a small open pool. The call is like that of a strong, bouncy spring - bong! bong! bong!, about 3 calls to the second for as long as the frogs felt like calling. Gene found a ?F in a pool. Dec25 8.1 mi N (by road) Manzanillo, Colima We got many small frogs that are apparently the same species as the ones we got calling last night, as well as a couple of adults. The frogs were everywhere in the damp grass of a cleared coconut grove by the side of a lake about 0.1 x 0.5 miles in size. I got 3 leptodiera maculata here q.v.

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Paul De Benedichis 1960 Dec 28 Rio Cihuatlán, 18.2 mi N (by road) Miramar, Colima, Mexico. - These frogs were kept alive, along with the one Gay got. When 3 had died, I checked the jar. ho[e] and behold, about 1:30 AM on the 29 I found a pair in amplexus and a long stringy egg mass, most of which I pickled. The frogs are in an axillary amplexus, the male vidding high on the female. The eggs are black and quite stringy, but were not in water. I preserved many. This is in San Blas about 4 days after the frogs were Initially collected. position in amplexus

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Paul D. Benedicki 1960 Dec 25 21.0 mi NE (by road) of Colima, Colima (possibly Jalisco), Mexico We stopped at a spring where I was sure there would be some frogs. There were. In the grass and water hopped many small frogs and in some of the larger algae filled pools adults were collected. The spring comes from about half way up a 30 or 10 foot earthen cliff, and dribbles out to the highway. The immediate area was quite barren. No frogs were heard calling here.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Hyla baudinii Sept 1 4.7 mi NW Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico (T. Papenfuss-M.A. Evdey collectors) # 104 Snout-vent 1 1/2" Dorsal ground greenish(1) mottled with brown(2), the brown mostly on the back and the femur and feet. A olive(4) interorbital bar and vague olive and brownish(3) markings on the back; sides yellowish(5) marbled with brown(6)(b) and a brown(6a-b) silt from nostril thru eye to above forearm. The area around the arm is mottled whitish, and the vitta is white bordered. Limbs with yellowish-brown cross bars about as wide as the terspaces. Venter whitish(7), limbs yellowish-gray.(8) Iris brownish-brassy.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Hyla lafrentzi Sept. 4 14.1/2 mi W (by Mex 15) of the west boundary Mexico City, Mexico, Mexico - (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eadey collectors) - # 91 Snout-vent 1 1/2" Dorsal ground color yellowish green 1, lighter laterally and on the limbs; a brownish vitta through eye + earquarter arm to middle of the body, much paler 3 on the sides of the body; a dorsolateral brown streak just dorsally white-bordered (2) posterior to the sacral hump; a few pale vague brownish spots scattered on the back and sides; Fore limbs uniform, hind limbs with a very vague darker spot below the knees; and dorsal green color delimited by dark 2 and light 3 brown on the sides of the tibia. lips pale brown 3. Venter pale yellowish 4, limbs pinkish 5 to pale brown 3 beneath, throat light green-yellow 6. Eye as drawn, gray of patter 1 Oct. 2 Speciman cold; pattern as follow: brown the same; gray green spots: 1 dorso lateral above a crossbar the limbs, elongate; 2 small between brown sacral bar, on the fore and cross bar + 2 spots (transverse) post to these; 2 arm. spots, one at each end, oval form, and one near knee.

- permant, brown patter - gray "cold pattern"

Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Hyla smithi Aug 29 June, highway 46 and highway 15, Nayarit, Mex. (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Easley Collectors). Found A.D.B. on highway at night in open palm forest. moderately common. # 100. Snout vent 1 3/4". Dorsum yellowish-olive (1) a pale line from nostril over eye to groin, browner (3) below the line; limbs yellowish. Entire body & limbs more or less heavily overlaid with black pigment, but no pattern. Venter white, throat yellowish-pink, [illegible] same. Snq recently died, but not preserved. idem # 101. snout-vent. 1 3/4". General dorsal color: brownish-yellow (1), a yellow line from nostril along "eye- lash" [above the arm] to the groin, below this more or- less dach brownish (3), limbs an lump grayish brown(4). Belly pale creamy (5), throat yellowish (6), under side &f limbs greyish-purpleish. Eye ground color (?) not certain - specimen changed color.

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Hyla smithi Oct 3 #101 - from Nayarit, Mexico This specimen is capable of considerable light-dark color change. The drawing chips on the first descript are near the lightest the animal can get. The were drawn with the animal sitting on a white lid. After the chipr were completed the animal was transferred to a black lid. The colors dar headed considerably, as below. dorsal ground color. color below lateral light stripe. In the light phase the dark pigment is great constricted and consists of widely scattered dots, pewaps with smaller dots between these. in the dark phase the large dots expand to large astoich-shaped dots, with many smaller dots (= to largest dots in light phase) between these. In the dark phase, the color of the iris matches then dorsal grounded color. If an dark animal were to be preserved in the light phase, it would key to Hyla affracate-areacolor, Staufferi where it is distinguished by ?

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Hyla smithi Aug 31 45.1 mi SW Colima, Colima, Mexico (collector T. Popekiss - M.A. Esdey) #89 -- Swout-vent 15/16 inches. Dorsal ground color brownish-yellow lighter laterally. A fine pattern of fine brown spots, most numerous posteriorly. A brown mask, bordered with palev, through the eye and arm insertion to the middle of the body. Ventrally white, throat yellow, limbs pinkish. Iris bronzy, finely dotted with melanopores, lighter around pupil. A pale yellow frog. Same data. #90. Swout-vent about 1 inches. Dorsal ground color yellowish brown-olive, with spots about 1mm in diauay lighter bordered, brown in color, arranged as in drawing; a dash of fro from nostril thro eye tear over to groin on sides, borded with light above, ground cote, below; limbs ground color abouy lighter laterally, mottled with brown above, tibia with 2 brown bars, half as wide as inter-spaces. Belly white, limbs pinkish beneath, throat yellow. Eye as in drawing.

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Hyla smithi Sept. 1 21.6 mi NW Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico (T. Papenfuss, M.A. Eudey collectors) #105 Snout-vent 1 5/16". Dorsum bright golden-yellow(1), limbs browner(3), a pale yellow(4) line from nostril thro. eye to groin along sides of body; below this a more(3) or less(2) brownish area, browner on the sides of the head. beneath whitish, throat yellowish, limbs pinkish. Under magnification, yellow with small star-shaped black pigment specks, rather widely spaced. A the darkest observed, this animal had the color of chip 2, specimen #89, Colima, Colima, Mex.

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Hyla smithii Dec 24 about 10 mi N (by road) Miramar, Colima Mexico - Stopped to investigate a frog chorus in a lily pad covered pond. here. At first we saw nothing, then on the ends of the lily pads we saw a few of these small yellow frogs. I got three. The call is a chirping peep, but fairly loud. Nate Cohen quite appropriately calls these frogs "lemon drops"

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Hylicd Sept 1 2lb mi NW Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico (T. Papenhus M.A. Eodey collectors) #106 Snout-vent 1 1/6". Dorsum reddish-brown finely speckled with brown and a pattern of brown cross bars, one between the eyelids, a posteriorly opening one on the back, one between the sacral humps, and a spot on the rump; limbs ground color with one bar on the fore limb and 3 bars on the tibia, each about = to the inter space, and the bars continued on the foot + tarsus; the limb bars and bars on the posterior part of the body are redder than those on the anterior part of the body; a narrow brown line from nostril along cauthus thru eye to above arm; lips some- what browner than back; belly pale yellowish, throat richer yellow, limbs, including dorsum at femur, pinkish brown, toes yellow like throat. Eye as illustrated (but brassier). 1 2 3 4 5 eye.

general avangement of dark bars on body most variation in dorsal "V", which may have more pointed ends (\) or squarer \ . pattern constant in all color phases, but lightens + darkens. Iris color approx same in all phases.

Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Hyliid Sept.1 21.6 mi NW Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico (I. Papantess - H.A. Eudley collectors) #107 snout-vent 1". General aspect same as #106, but band(2) and ground(1) colors different, throat yellower. Shows some light dark variation. Sept1 #108, same data. Snout-vent 15/16". Dorsum(4) redder(3), bands similar to above, perhaps browner; pattern same as consistent #106 Sept1 #109, same data - Snout-vent 11/16"; Dorsum from reddish(3) to palid(5), bands brownish(6); patter as #106 These frogs change light + dark extremely rapidly, and seldom are the same color when I finish a description as they are when I start. The last frog was as red as #108 when it was selected, some white paler than chip(5) when I started, and as red as(3) when I finished

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Aug 30 Hypopachus oxyrhinus 57.6 m NW (by road) of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico - collector T. Papenfuss-M.A. Eidey Snout-vent 1 1/6". Dorsal and lateral ground yellowish-olive (1), becoming very dark brown on lower flanks, and grey (4) ventrally; a vague pale line from snout to anal region along vertebral line; dorsally with scattered black (2) spots, nebulous in nature, and about 3 x 2 mm in size. Laterally finely reticulate with black leaving small dots of the ground color showing thru; this pattern especially prominent on side of head & lips. Fore limb ground color (1) above, with 3 dark cross bars; hind limbs same, with 4 cross barn about 3/4 x as wide as interspaces; a pale (5) streak from posterior corner of eye to anterior arm insertion. Venter (belly & legs) with pale creamy (3) spots about 2-3 mm in size, quite prominent, throat dark bluish grey (6). no. 87 right eye (6)

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Paul DeBenedicti's 1960 Aug 30 Hypopachus oxyrhinus 57.6 mi NW (by road) of Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mexico (T. Papenfuss - Ma A. Eudley collectors) Snout-vent 1 3/8" . Dorsal ground light olivaceous, grey-olive laterally, dark gray ventrally. Finely mottled with black, this most conspicuous in the groin. Sides finely vermiculated with black, a pale bar from posterior corner of eye to the anterior part of arm insertion; limbs ground color, arms 2 narrow black bars, legs with 4 narrow bars, half as wide as interspaces. lower sides and venter with large pale spots, largely replacing ground color; this pattern also on ventral & posterior surface of hind limbs; throat mottled light & dark bluish; A narrow middorsal line from tip of snout to anus, yellowish in color. number 88.

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hephodochyle Dec 28 15.3 mi. E (by road) San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico In one of the larger streams that crosses the highway here Teddy Papenfuss caught 5 Eleotoda- tylids. They are [illegible] kept. Much different from the one we got. The stream here is much larger and much more exposed to the sun. It is the second large stream crossed when leaving San Blas, and there is a village right at the highway. These frogs were caught under rocks.

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Microbatrachylus Dec 28 18.6 mi E (by road) San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico Gary Beeman caught a strange small Eleuthro dactylid in a stream about 4-6 feet wide and 1/2 to 1 foot deep that flows through the dense broad-leaf forest here. The stream bottom is either silty and rocky, or just rocky. Gary said he got it while chasing a large Anolis. It was under a rock. In life it was reddish-yellow-green mottled with dash olivaceous. Dec 29. Gary caught another, much smaller frog that appears to be the same species. It was under a rock in the stream. It was dark, reddish-brown with 2 lighter transverse bars on the back. These are very delicate frogs, and die readily when exposed to the sun or when handled. It was collected in the trash of a banana plantation far from water.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1961 April 16 April 16 west of Inverness, Marin Co., Calif. Rana aurora In a pool in a damp grassy meadow I got 2 Rana aurora. They were on the sides of the pool, part of a small stream moving through a ? boggy cow-pasture in pine-redwood forest. The pool was about 2 x 4 feet, 4 inches deep, and quite cold. The bottom was covered with about an inch of reddish algae, in which the frogs buried themselves. The frogs were considerably lighter (more olivaceous) than the substratum.

Rana catesbiana 20 Aug Hashell Ranch, 10 mi. S. Marysville, Yuba Co., Cal. (A.S. Leopold Ranch). Frogs of this species are abundant in the cuttail marsh here, where Thamnophis sirtalis (q.v.) was also taken. The Bullhogs occur in all parts of the marsh where there is water, but especially in the more open, deep areas. They are abundant, much in evidence due to their constant splashing, preceded by an explosive "eth" before the jump. In areas where the water is thickly covered by algae the frogs near the edge shim over the top for a distance of 5 or 6 feet by making 3-4 short, but rapid leaps, and then settle in the water, head protruding. They may, but usually don't, repeat this performance, especially if they have not cleared the vegetation. They tend to move into areas of heavy tules and/or cuttails. The frogs are heard calling a low "arrump" rather constantly all day & night, though they may have stopped this hot noon P.M. Yesterday it was cooler, and it rained, and this was not the case. No tadpoles were seen.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Rana pipiens Dec 28 31.1 m N. (by Mex 15) Ixtlan del Rio, Nayarit, Mexico --(tadpoles and eggmass) In a stream about 3 feet across and 6 inches deep flowing rapidly through an oak and grassy canyon Elvey found one eggmass, and I found another. The one I found was under the shelter of a large flat rock, kidney- shaped, about 243x1/2 feet in size, in about 6 inches of water. The eggmass was in a clump at calage in the crook of the "kidney," exposed to the sun. Many tadpoles swam around the eggmass, though none were hatching s. Teddy some some Electrodactylids here, and Gene got a Hyla axina.

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Dec 28 Rana sp. (puslulosa?) 28.4 mi N Clay Mee(5) Ix Han del Rio, Nayarit Mexico. In a large wide stream along with Rana pipiens I saw a large green frog without dorsolateral folds. I suspect it was Rana puslulosa. Gene saw two other of these frogs.

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Scaphiopus multiplicatus Sept 5 Chalco, Mexico, Mexico (T. Papenkiss-McA. Edey collectors) - # 98 Snout-vent 1 1/2". Ground color brownish olive, a dark(1) dorsolateral line and a middorsal line, which other in the sacral region, and a somewhat lighter(3) lateral line, all of these being about 2X wider than the interspaces; snout and eyelids brownish blue(2) speckled with much darker. Back, sides, and limbs shaded with black bordered(6) olive(7) or brownish to cream(5) tubercles, the olive being mostly middorsal, and the reddish on the limbs and sides,(8) and the cream in the anal region. Belly bluish gray, throat creamy, under surface of limbs reddish.(8) Eye olive(2), browzier above, cloth brownish anteriorly & posteriorly to pupil. metatarsal tubercle black, conspicuous.

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Scaphiopus multiplicatus Sept 5 Chalco, Mexico, Mexico (7 Papantass M.A. Eudey collectors) #99 Snout-vent 1½". Dorsum grayish-olive ①, graya on sides, with a pattern of vaguely and irregularly black ② bordered clover ③ spots, one on each eyelid and nostril, one above the arms in the dorsolateral region and one in the sacral region. Limbs ground color, fore arms with two blackish ③ cross bars, femur with one and tibia with 2 similar bars, tarsus & foot mottled with same color. Scattered black ③ bordered, reddish ④ tubercles on the back, sides, and limbs, cream ⑤ ones in the anal region. Chin and throat pale grayish ⑥, belly bluish gray ⑦, under surfaces dull orange-gray. ⑧ eye bronzy olive, with a fine network off black, [illegible] this concentrated mostly anterior & posterior to the pupil.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Anolis Dec 28 18.6 mi E (by road) San Blas, Wayatit, Mexico. Gene [illegible] and I got 7 Anolis in the thich broad leafy - thorn forest near San Blas, along a small stream. We got most on logs in an open lava flow. All were active when found, and were seen mostly near termite nests. There were two main color phases - uniform yellow brown and brown with darker dorsal diamonds. In a banana patch we each got an Anolis crawling actively on the trunks on banana trees and on banana logs. The only requirement for Anolis here seems to be a patch of sunshine. Dec 29 We returned to this site again, but this time I got no Anolis. However I saw many. As before they are everywhere as long as there is a little sun light. the "skip" from spot to spot, seldom moving more than 6 inches at a time, but were hard to catch in all the vegetation. There is considerable variation in the patterns of the lizards at this site. Most are uniform or lightly mottled yellowish brown. A few are brown with darker middorsal diamonds - I saw one that had a yellow-brown middorsal stripe. There is a species of Sceloporus that occurs with them. The striped Anole was the only one I saw in the bushes, the rest are on fallen logs.

Paul DeBeeck 1960 Cnemidophorus lineatissimus Dec 25 7 Km N (by road) Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico Gene Hippmann and I went temperature hunting early in the afternoon. Unfortunately there were almost no lizards out. We did manage to get a few temps though, all but one seem to be good. number. cloacal temp. air temp 166 38.0° 33.8° 167 41.2° 30.4° 168 37.8° (shaky) 29.8° 169 38.0° 30.0° all the animals were active in the bushes along the beach near Manzanillo. The air temps are about 1/2 foot from the ground, in the shed. Dec 25 8.1 mi N (by road) Manzanillo, Colima, Mexico Got another temp late in the afternoon. This was the only Cnemidophorus we saw. # 180, cloacal temp. 39.7°C, air (in shade 6 inches from the ground —)

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Paul De Benedictzi 1960 Aug 29 Cnemidophorus sachi huicio San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico (I. Papenhus- M.A. Eudey collectors) # 125 1 2 3 4 a b c d e 6 7 8 9 10 Snout-vent , tail regenerate (tip). General/dorsal color black(1), head greenish(7), tail pale(2); a greenish vertebral stripe breaking up & becoming yellower,(5c) posterior; a yellow(5b) paravertebral stripe also breaking up & becoming yellow(5d) posterior;; a similar dorsolateral stripe, breaking up a little more anteriorly; a lateral stripe of yellow and ventral yellow(5e) bars below this; limbs black, mottled with brown(8), spotted with yellow(6d), feet olivaceous(4); a few brownish(3) spots between lateral & dorsolateral and dorsolateral & paravertebral stripes; sides of face & lips pale reddish(10). Belly pale bluish(6), mottled with darker blue(7) and jedges of scales black; tail yellowish(8); throat reddish(9), lips lighter(10) eye cinnamon, pupil an odd shape ( [illegible] ) (right eye) 11

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Cuemidophors sachi huco y occidentalis Sept 7 21.3 mi E Tepic, Naguit, Mexico. (T. Papenfuss, H.A. Eudley collectors) #126 Snout-vent , tail . Dorsum yellowish brown yellower anteriorly, browner posteriorly; a yellow stripe border with blackish reticuly; a dorsolateral field of alternating black and reddish squarish spots; a dorsolateral ct yellow becoming duller posteriorly; a black lateral fold; a dull yellow lateral stripe; a reddish lateral field irregularly barred with blackish; limbs reddish mottled with blackish; head olive above, belly greenish, throat red, face pulish, tail brownish above, orange below, with much rusty coloration at its base. Ivis greenish cinnamon

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Cnemidophorus Dec 26 12 mi W (by road) of turnoff to Colima, Colima Mexico - Stopped along an open pasture to get a tarantula. When Gene got a Tantilla everyone started collecting, Elvey got a Salvadora and I got a Cnemidophorus carlcel in a depression under a stone. The area is open, grassy, rockly land with a few trees and shrubs. It was quite dry there, but damp under stones. The lizard was warm but inactive.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Aug 26 10 mi E NavaJoA, Sonora, Mexico (T. Popeatuss- M.A. Eudey collector) #110. Coleonyx ravigatus sonovaensis Snout-vent 2 1/8" tail 2 1/4". Back with brown bordered, purplish bands, 6 on body, and 10 on tail, becoming blackish bordered, paler purplish there; the bands are about 1 7x the interspaces which are yellow; head and limbs pinkish, temporal region and femur yellowish, eyelids bluish. head with brownish spots above, the lips white and brown spotted and a brown bordered white temporal bar roughly convent with 1st yellow baud. however sides whitish, belly pale purplish, purpler in the gular region tchig; a paler middorsal line from arum insertion to leg insertion, the line the color at the band it is in. Upper eye lash yellow, lower white; Iris olivaceous green, with a rather coarse black network.

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Dec 31 Ctenosaura hemilophna 8.0 mi N (by Mex. 15) Hermosillo, Sonora, Mex. I caught a subadult of this species in a crevice about 2 inches wide. There was another lizard in the crevice. We got Phyllodactylus howolepidurus, g.u., and Urosaurus in the same area. These lizards were very inactive due to the cold. Gary Beeman caught another in a much larger crevice. (LOST)

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Paul DeBenedictis Eumeces brevivirostris Sept 5 6.0 mi E Rio Frio, Puebla, Mexico (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Evdey collectors) #1/1 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Snout ocut 2 1/4"; tail 3 3/8". Dorsum brownish(1), a line from nostril above eye to rear of body creamy on head(2) blending with ground color posteriorly; lips similarly yellowish; the line on the head with a broad black(3) inner border, this extending about half the length of the body; sides of head and body largely black(3), some brown(1) showing through; ventrolaterally grayish brown(6), limbs with scales largely black, brownish centrally. Venter pinkish, scales with grayish centers giving bleuish-pink(3) effect, but quite irridescent tail blue(6) beneath, blue brown speckled with blue(7) above. Iris blackish.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Eumeces copei Sept 7 24.3 mi (by road) NW Toluca, Mexico, Mtd. (T. Papantoss - M.A. Eody collectors) # 123 snout-vent tail regenerate. Dorsal color brownsen each scale with lateral corners with a blackish dot, these forming very jagged stripes from head to tail; a dorsolateral yellow stripe bordered with black above, 1/2 scale vow wide; sides black; a whitish lateral stripe bordered with blackish below; head with same pattern as body; dorso-lateral stripe originating at the nostril + passing over there, the lateral stripe originating on the lips; stripes + lateral dark color fading out (blending) on tail; beneath yellowish-brown with fine blue-black closely on the posterior part of each scale; tail with increasing blue black towards the tip beneath. Eye dark, iris black, vague bronzy border around pupil.

Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Eumeces copei Sept. 4 29.3 mi (by road) NW Toluca, Mexico, Mexico (T. Papenfoss-H.A.Eodey collectors ) #127 Dorsal snout , tail broken. Dorsum brown 1, the scale edged very finely black, head almost immaculate; a yellow 3 dorsolateral stripe from mouth well onto tail, becoming reddish 7 posteriorly , bordered with black 2 above; laterally blackish 2 ; a whitish 4 lateral stripe from lips well on to tail, also becoming reddish posteriorly , & bordered with black below; grayish ventrolaterally , belly yellowish- brown 6 , with some blackish pigment on the posterior part to each scale , and much blackish pigment on the center of the tail beneath ; tail redder 8 than belly. Eye very dark.

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Eumeces sclifonanus Contra Costa Nov 25 0.5 mi. W Grizzely Stables, Hayward, Calif (Berkeley) - A subadult was found under a rock on the slope of a hill here. It was inactive, coiled in a depression in the dirt of the steep hole made by the rock. Many Eumeces have been taken here in previous years. Watershed land (E.B.H.V.O.) S & W of Grizzely Stables, Contra Costa Co., Calif - A large complete tailed adult was found under a board. It was in a small depression in the ground. I found two specimens under a rock 6x12x18 inches on a steep open grassy gully. One of them was quite dead and moldy, though clearly an Eumeces. The other was a live adult with a broken tail; it was not kept. I found a Sceloporus and a Gerrhonotus near by. There were many other rocks by this site. It was variably slightly and the air temp. was about 480 F. All of these skins were quite intact.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Gerrhonotus multicarinatus Nov 25 Watershed land (E.B.H.O.D.) S. & W. of Grizzely Stables, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Today we found a juvenile under a slab of rock. The rock was a lava stone about 3 x 3 x 2 feet in size. The stop had fissured off and was pulled loose to reveal 2 Sceloporus and this Gerrhonotus. The crevice was quite dry although the surrounding area was damp. I was also found a large adult under a rock on & exposed slope and I found another juvenile in a similar spot. All the animals were quite inactive. Air temp about 48° F., a sight to heavy rain much of the time.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Aug 31 Hemidactylus frenatus Manzaniilo, Colima, Mexico (T. Papenfuss- M.A. Eudey collectors) , # 115 1 2 3 4 5 Snout-out , tail .♀. Dorsum somewhat iridescent, yellowish ① to pinkish ② , tail yellowish, limbs pinker ③ ; tubercles slightly lighter than dorsum; no pattern; tail vaguely barred; venter yellow ④ , guts showing through greenish. Eyes ill-shaped right eye

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Habuya brachypoda Dec 25 8.1 mi N (by road) Manaamillo, Colima, Mexico Teddy Papenluss caught one of these skinks and saw two others in the coconut trash of a clear coconut grove at the side of a large lake. We got Electroclecty lids and Leptodierae maculata here, g.u. Dec 25 approx. 6 mi N (by road) Manaamillo, Colima, Mexico I found two of these lizards in a coconut grove, bet missed both. The area is a bushy thorn forest with many coconut trees and logs. the first skink was under the dry fronds of a fallen tree, with many scorpions. It escaped in the deep litter around the tree. The second was under a small piece of coconut litter, about 4x8 inches. It dashed off in to the bushes when exposed. Gary Beeman saw a small "turquoise blue" lizard in the litter here that may have been the young of this species.

Paul DeBenedukis 1960 Dec 28 San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico - Elvey Combs, Gene Hippmann and I spent the evening collecting gecos on the walls of the Hotel Playa Hermosa. We had, accordingly, to collect the animals by hand, and some of the temperatures I got may be a little high. I left the thermometer in long enough to detect a rise in temp. If there was no steady point, I have indicate ± 0.1. Data is as follows: number* time cloacal temp air temp. 188 11:40 PM 24.4°C 21.0°±0.1 189 24.3° 21.3° 190 11:45 PM 27.1° 22.4° 191 24.3±0.1 22.7° 192 12:13PM 24.6 20.3° * may not correspond exactly to specimen, as all were place in one collecting bag.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Aug 26 Phyllodactylus homolepidorus Alamos, Sonora, Mex. (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Evchy collectors) # 113 Snowt-out tail broken. Dorsum pinkish 1, tail yellowish 3 tubercules pink like dorsum; limbs pinkish 4 with paler tubercles; dorsum with scattered yellowish 2 to light-yellowish 3 pigment, irregular on head, in paired dorsal spots on body; belly pinkish 5 bluish 6 centrally. Eye olive ( ), with a pattern of black as follows: pupil anterior Idem same date #114. Snowt-out tail Dorsum pinkish brown 1, head and body with yellowish 2+3 spotting, small irregular on head large + in paired spots on body fin narrow cross bands on tail; limbs ground color with yellows cross bands; sides drowner than middorsal area; venter pinkish 6, belly bluer 7. Eye as illustrated Right eye

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Paul DeBenedecti's 1960 Oct sep 12 Phyllodactylus homo lepidurus Alamos, Sonora, Mexico Collected Aug 26; #113; Specimen in dark phase: sides & back uniform, all except verte- bral region dark brownish(1), vertebral region paler(2); tubercles even paler. Venter as dark as tubercles. Specimen change light & dark in about 5 minutes. #114, same data, apparently retains the same ground color but the dorsal markings become quite brownish(1) & more distinct. Both of these specimens have 10 or more small reddish ticks on the sides of the body & tail; the large, 113, has one anterior to the left eye.

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Paul DeBenedicti 1960 Phyllodactylus homolepidurus Dec 31 8.0 mi W (by Mex. 15) Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico. - On a rocky hillside to the west of the highway we found many specimens of this species associated with Urosaurus and Ctenosaura. The hill was covered almost entirely with sand stone and loose, flakey granite. The animals occured primarily on the sandstone. They were found only in the larger crevices examined. The vegetation around the site was primarily gassy with many spiny creosote(?) bushes and another bush with a willow like leaf. The animals were in crevices free of leaf litter. Scorpions and whip scorpions were common in the crevices. Under one large flake 4 animals were found. Most of the others harbored only 1 single animal Most of the adults were in light phase when collected, cool and inactive. The juveniles also inactive, were more often in the dark phase. Air temperature was 19.6 ° C, about 4 feet from the ground. No water near here. There were many prickly-pares and organ pipe cactuses here.

Paul De Benedict's 1960 Sceloporus aeneus Geneis Sept 5 6.0 mi E. Rio Frio, Puebla, Mexico (T. Papar- Goss - H.A. Bodey collectors) # 112 1 2 3 4 5 6 Snout-vent 2", tail broken, ♀. Dorsum uniform grayish brown(1), blending in to a yellowish (3) dorsolateral stripe, reddish-grayish-brown (5) below this; the (lateral) area tinged with greenish(6); head yellower than body, un- marked; limbs dorsal color (1), unmarked. Beneath bluish- brown (5), two broad greenish (6) belly patches between the limbs, not quite confluent mid-ventrally; Tail appears uniformly brownzy above, brownish below. Eye brassy. ? About to shed.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Sceloporus dugesii Aug 31 Approx. 20 mi SW Guadalajara, Jalisco, Mex. (T. Papenfuss - H.A. Eadey collectors), # 120 Smoot-vent, tail broken. Female. Dorsum generally dull reddish-brown (1), head yellower (2); sides lighter, yellowish gray (3); a pattern of paravertebral black spots about 2mm India, followed by a yellow (4) dot; a dorsolateral, and a lateral series of similar black spots; yellowish (5) spots between the dorsolateral & lateral black spots, a yellowish (6) collar a scale wide, bordered with blackish anteriorly; a yellowish (7) line along lips thru ear to shoulder, black-bordered above. Throat white, diagonally barred (incompletely). (8) With brownish (9), belly yellowish (10), very narrow blue lateral belly patches most conspicuous near groin, tail yellower (11) beneath. Ivis bronzy, red.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus Sept 5 Tlamacas (N. slope Mt. Popocateptl), end of highway 196, Mexico, Mex. 12,000 ft., (T. Papenfuss-M.A. Eucky collectors) # 116 Snout-vent 1 7/8", tail 2" ♀. Dorsum reddish brown(1) with paired bluish(2), black bordered blotches becoming brown(4c) separated by paler(3) bands; head and limbs cross bars separated by paler bands; head and limbs bluish(2) spotted and barred with blackish(4a), side of nape and groin black; a dorsolateral + lateral yellowish(6b) to brownish(6c) stripe along sides of body; sides brown(4b) marked with blackish, lower sides redder(7), lips palid brown(6a) barred with darker(6c); belly yellowish(8), with a yellow(9) paired yeller belly + gular patches; tail orange than belly; sides spotted with turquoise (color of lines on page) to greenish(5) and yellow(6b). A variegated lizard.

round ribbon and I "hust" to the tree primrose at bird's breast and above, on the right side. [illegible] [illegible] [illegible] 1. "I should have been a better" "I would have been a better" "I would have been a better" [illegible] [illegible] and I'd be a good man [illegible] now, but I'm not going to be one of those good boys who say "I'm not going to be one of those" good boys who say "I'm not going to be one of those" [illegible] [illegible] and I'd be a good man [illegible] [illegible] and I'd be a good man [illegible] [illegible] and I'd be a good man

Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Sept 5 Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus Kilometer 86, Highway 196, NW Slope Mt. Popocatepetl, Mexico, Mex. (T. Papen füss-M.A. Papacatap Eudey collectors) #117. Smoot-veut. 43mm, tail 59mm. ♂. Dorsal coloration brown(1) becoming much lighter on tail(2), redder(4) laterally; a mottled pattern of blackish(3) and greenish(4) on sides, lower sides rusty(11); middosum with paired transverse dark brown(5) bars becoming bands, browner(6), on the tail, bands & bars about 1/2 interspaces on body & anterior part of tail; a small bluish(10) spot posterior to each podgy band; head grayish-chocolate(7), side of face and lips whitish-brown(8); head spotted and barred with darker brown(9). Beneath orangeish(3), especially on tail, tending to be grayer on belly, quite gray(14) on limbs; chin brown(2), gular region yellowish(12); a few bluish scales on each side of the throat; bluish(15a,b) belly patches, not 10n-confluen, and bordered with black internally; a black patch in groin and a black shoulder and lateral nape patch borderd with greenish(9); Iris yellower than(8); limbs gray brown(5), barred with darker(6); a very pretty lizard.

Sept 5 Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Sept 5 Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus Kilometer 86, Highway 196, N.W Slope Mt. Tepoca tepel, Mexico, Mex. (T. Papenfuss- M.A. Eudey collector) #118 - This specimen shows a strong, nervous, tail wagging reaction when sightened. At the least extreme, only the posterior fifth of the tail is waved. At more extreme provocation the entire tail is waved back and forth, [illegible] the waving is directed posteriorly along the tail , so that the tip stops last. The wagging is not the frantic type of Fanillo emsei but more that of an excited dog. This particular is also quite vicious, biting and hanging on as it gets a chance [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] [13] [14] Snout-vent 48 mm, tail 51 mm. ?. Dorsum reddish brown,[1] becoming paler on tail [2]; laterally reddish [3],richer, with many blachish spots[4]; a yellowish[6] lateral and dorso- lateral stripe, the dorsolateral interrupted by blackish bars[7] which extend well onto the back, and are bordered with bluish[8] posteriorly; bars lighter, brownish [9] on tail; head and forelimbs blachish brown[10], spotted and barred with black, hind limbs redder[11],barred with darker[12]; a black shoulder patch. Beneath pale yellowish[13], chin, throat and laterally belly patches greener[14], much blackish[15] on throat + between belly patches, brownish[16] limb; tail oliveish [17], brownier posteriorly[18]

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Sceloporus grammicus microlepidotus Sept 5. 10.8 mi E. Rio Frio, Puebla, Mexico (T. Papenfuss- M.A, Eudey collectors) #119. Snout-vent 67mm, tail broken. ♂. Dorsum dark blackish brown(1), redder laterally(2); sides spotted with black(3) and greenish(4); limbs brown(5) barred with darker; tail lighter laterally(6); Belly pale yellowish-gray(8), chin and throat yellow(7), spotted and streaked with blackish(9) along lips; tail yellower beneath(10); 2 belly patches between the limbs, blackish(11) bordered inwardly, the patches the color of the blue lines on this page; a few similarly colored scales in the lateral gular region; lower sides rusty, spotted with greenish(12)

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Sclorponus torquatus melanogaster Sept 6 9.2 mi. E Penjamo, Guanajuato, Mex. (T. Papenfuss-M. A. Eodey collectors) #121 Snout-vent, tail regenerate. Dorsum grayish brown with chocolate cross bars, an orangish dorsolateral area, laterally more purplish barred diagonally with yellowish; tail with pale brown cross bands. Limbs purplish-brown with brown cross-bars; head darker than body; groin black; a brown +black nuchal collar 2 scales wide, bordered with whitish on each side, incomplete dorsally; a greenish white line along lip; Venter, whitish, chin mottled heavily with brownish; gular region blackish with some green showing through; lateral belly patches greenish, bordered inwardly with blackish tail darker than belly. Iris dark bronzy-brown. 1 2 3 4a 4b 5 6 7a 7b 8 9 10a 10b

Paul De Benedicti 1960 Sept 6 Sceloporus torquatus melanogaster 9.2 mi E. Penjamo, Guanajuato, Mex. (T.Papenfuss- M.A.Esley collectors) #132 Snout vent tail represente. ▸. Dorsum grayish- brown⁶, with lighter⁷ diagonal bars on sides. A pattern of four rows of blackish⁺ spots about 1 scale in size; scattered pale⁻ spots on the black; a whitish to greenish-white⁼ bordered, black₁ + brown nuchal collar 2 scales wide (sine border); head redder than body₃; lips barred with lighter₄, a orangish paired parietal spot; tail pale-brown₅, with clavicle₆ cross-bars about 1½ x interspace; limbs brown⁺, with darker, vague bars. Beneat dirty, pallid yellow₋, throat with considerable grayish₌ pigment, and scattered bluish to greenish scales; lateral blue to greenish₍ belly patches, bordered with grayish in- wardly.

Paul DeBenedetti 1460 Urosaurus ornatus Dec 31 8.0 mi N (by Mex. 15) Hermosillo, Sonora, Mexico- I caught a single specimen of this species under a flake of sand stone on a rocky hill where we also got Phyllodactylus homolepi durus , q.v.. The animal was quite dark when collected but soon lightened considerably. The gular patch was golden yellow-orange and the belly patches light turquoise. Harry Welsh caught another similar one here, also.

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Paul DeBenedetti 1961 Xantusia vigilis Jan 1 U.S. 465 4.9mi. N. Cejon Pass, San Bernardino Co. I collected 3 of these lizards from under a large yucca log. There were 3 other lizards under the same log. All were quite dark and quite inactive. The area is flat, sandy-gravelly desert with some scattered grass and few sagebrush and creosote bushes. There are Joshua trees about every 80-100 feet apart here. No large rocks in the immediate vicinity. The lizards are only under logs that have been sitting for some time. Air temp cool, approx. 20° C. (not measured with a thermometer)

Coluber constrictor 20 Aug Haskell Ranch, 10 mi. S. Marysville, Yuba Co., Calif. (A.S. Leopold Ranch). Caught a juvenile racer under a wood plank in a cow field adjacent to a marsh when Pituophis sirtalis was taken (q.v.). The pasture is covered mostly by low grass - 6-7" tall, with a little Bromus and Centauria, the latter in drier spots. Most of the ground is damp, and a little is flooded. The field is separated into several sections by dikes about 12" high running irregularly thru the area, and most of the water is by the dykes. The plank was in the damp (but not wet) center of a low area. The snake was coiled on the matted vegetation beneath the wood, which was about 2 x 3 feet in size, 1/8" thick, in the open (though now in the shade of a fence) sun. When found about 7:30 the snake was inactive, though readily capable of motion. It made no attempt to bite.

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Sept 5 Crotalus triseriatus Rio Frío, Mexico, Mexico (T. Papenfuss - M.A. Eocley collectors # . Copy "The snake was found... crawling slowly through thick matted grass. It was nearly hidden in the grass and was discovered by the rustling in the grass. It made no attempt to bite, but only rattled when pinned down and poked into a jaw. The faint noise from the tiny rattles could barely be heard from four feet away. The snake was found in an open meadow 5 mile long x 200 yards wide surrounded by pine forest. The snake was about 70 yards from the forest. The meadow was covered with green grass 1-2' tall. There were several boulders 2'x2'x2' in the area where the snake was found. The snake was 3' from a log 25' long x 2' in diameter; other than 2 small logs 3'x1' there was no other cover in the meadow other than numerous gopher holes. The weather at the time was partly but the sun was shining. There was a light wind. The ground was wet from recent rains."

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Aug 25 Gyalopion quadrangularis desutorum 38.6 mi N Hermasilla, Sonora, Mexico (T. Papenbus H.A. Eudey Collectors) [no number] (copy). "A 9" specimen was found at 11:40 PM lying on the highway. When a light shined on it, the snake moved slowly across the road. The weather at the time was fair and there was no wind or rain. No moon was present. The vegetation in the area was wet from light rain during the afternoon. The ground was quite dry and hard packed. The ground was covered with green grass and other small plants 1' to 2' high. Shrubs 2'-10' high were scattered 10'-50' apart. Moths, June-bug beetles and other night flying insects were very numerous. The soil was a sand gravel mixture. The surrounding area consisted of low rolling hills. No vachy crops were present in the near vicinity."

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Paul DeBenedichi 1960 Leptodiera maculata Dec 25 8.1 mi (by road) N. Manzanillo, Colima, Mex - I got 3 of these snakes in a cleared coconut grove. The first was under a log about 1 foot in diameter and 6 feet long. There were a few scorpions with it, and one other leptole which Teddy Papenfuss got. The log was quite wet beneath and there was much g rass under it. Under the damp bark of a coconut tree stump, along with many, many scorpions, I got two more. They were coiled in depressions under the bark at the base of the tree. There were many small Eleutherodactylus with them. All the snakes were inactive until touched. Nate Cohen saw another one in the same coconut stump.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Micrurus laticollaris Aug 31 16 mi SW Colima, Colima, Mexico (T. Papenfuss-H.A. Eddy collectors). No number. copy. "A 15 inch specimen was found at 11:20 P.M. moving rapidly across the road. When stepped on the snake made no attempt to bite. The air temp was 26.0°C. There was a light wind. The sky was partly cloudy, but there had been no rain in the past 24 hours. The moon was quarter-full. On one side of the road there was a small stream running through a large open wash 100 feet wide. On the other side there was a 20° slope covered with dense vegetation. The surrounding area was mountainous with dense vegetation."

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Paul De Benedicti 1961 April 16 Pituophis melanoleucus San Geronimo, Marin Co., Calif. I found a 3-foot specimen of this snake under a rock about 2 feet x 1 feet x 1 feet on a steep cow pasture. The area about was covered with short grass and small flowers, and there were a few outcroppings near by. The snake was partially buried in the loose, damp earth under the rock. The snake was quite cold and inactive. May 12 Strawberry Canyon Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. This morning about 8:14 A.M. I found a 3 foot specimen crawling across a dirt road near the botanical gardens. The snake was inactive until captured. It was released in the field. May 14 Chas. H. Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. This morning at 11:40 AM Elvey Combs, my brother John, and I found a 3½ foot specimen crossing the road from the Brazilian gardens to Inspiration Point. It was inactive when found, on the east side of the road crawling down towards the gardens. The snake was quite warm. It tried to bite when I picked it up. It had extremely small dorsal blotches, like a sayi. The animal was released on the other side of the road.

Paul DeBenedictis 1961 7 Aug Pituophis melanoleucus Conal Hollow, lowi east (by road) San Joaquin-Alameda Co. line, San Joaquin Co., Calif. - A 2 foot specimen was found D.O.R about 9 P.M. this evening. It had probably been hit within the last 15 minutes, and was not there about 8:30. The area is open grass land, extremely dry, and with occasional scattered oaks. Rodents are abundant. This was the only reptile seen tonight. Est Air temp. high 80's.

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Paul DeBenedicts 1961 Thamnophis elegans June 27 North side of Donner Lake, 1 mi. n. Truckee, 6000 ft. Nevada Co., Calif. 3 specimens of this species were taken today in a very wet (boggry ?) area in the cabins at the north side at Donner Lake. The major features of the vegetation are an area of dense alders and an open grass sedge area. Both are pene- rated by small (6 to 12" wide, 2-4" deep), numerous trickles of cold, clear water, the water ways with numerous flowers of many types (e.g. roses, lolks). The animals are active in the grassy area, and 2 were taken under boards in the grassy area. A few others have been seen. June 25. Another large specimen was taken in the same area + 2 others were seen. Both larger specimens proceed to be gravid ls with four or five embryos, not yet recognizable as snakes (or anything). Probably mated 2-3 weeks previously.

Paul DeBenedictis 1461 Thamnophis sirtalis 20 July 0.1 mi. N. (by U.S. 101) Etheridge Mem. Grove, Prairie Creek Redwoods State Park, Del Norte Co., Calif. Snake was taken in a grassy area in deep redwood forest. Grass was about 12" high; open, in a small (10 x 10 yards), surround by a berry (black) patch. Surrounding forest of redwood and poplar. Snake active in cold weather. Little cover apparent. Venter smokey blue-olive, scutes lighter bordered throat white, 1st scale row not much darker. Dorsy black, 0 yellow vertebral stripe. 1½ half scale rows wide, a lateral stripe, like venter but yellowish, and 2nd + 3rd scale rows. Above the a row of red bars 3 & scales high, one wide, 2 to 1½ scales apart. Top of head olive, a yellow parietal spot, posterior temporal region fused with reddish.

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ulDeBenedetti 1961 Thamnophis sirtalis 19 Aug Hashell Ranch, 10 mi. S. Marysville, Yuba Co., Calif. (C.A.S. Leopold Ranch). 3 snakes of this species were collected active about 6-6:30 P.M. near a large cattail-tule marsh. Two snakes were in damp (water on ground) situations with low vegetation and the third was on a dry spot about 10-12 feet from water, also with low vegetation. The first was in a small, 12 inch wide, 6-7 inch deep water drain bordered by grass and other low plants about 6-7 inches high. The water was cool, and moving quite fast. The second was in an area with open dry clumps of grass spaced at about 1-1½ foot intervals near the marsh. The snake was active when found, and did not go towards water. The third, a juvenile, was found in a grassy area, very rough ground, with the lower parts flooded. The snake crawled actively, and stayed near the edge of the closely placed grass tufts. I attempted to bite when collected, while the other two were applying their musk glands liberally on their captor. Bullhogs, (R. catesbiana) are fairly common here, and may form a good part of the snakes diet. 20 Aug. Caught one more in very wet, grassy area by large cattail swail. Grass grew about 6-7" high, fairly dense. Snake very active, but did not Bite.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Desmodes rotundus Dec 21 San Blas Nayarit, Mexico - # 149-150. Two females were collected in an old, abandoned building near the Hotel Playa Hermosa. The bats were in a room with one entrance, a door. There were about 15-20 bats and one rat in the room. The bats would fly around, and then land on the wall. They were rather easy to catch. One of them bit me on the finger. These are the cleanest bats I have seen yet.

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Paul De Benedictis 1960 Dipodomys Dipodomys sp. Dec 16 whitewater canyon, 0.8 mi (by road) & whitewater Riverside Co., Calif. - under a large (3 feet high) wW creose bush, on a slight open slope. The grassd was dry gravelly, with a few large roch; many oth creosote bushes wer nearby, at about four foot intervals, mixed with sage. The sage was dry, the creosote, nearly so. There was much low dry grass about. This site is somewhat more open than the one where I got three Pocket mouse today - 8?, #19/6 - the pouch contents were the leaves of a yarrow-like plant. I tried to save the skin but couldn't manage. It is more difficult than I thought, damn! Skull/Only and porch contents only. (lost)

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Paul DeBenedicti 1961 Eutremes? quadramaculatus Faemoena 25 June North side of Donner lake, 6000 ft, 4 mi. W. E. quadramaculatus Truchee, Nevada Co., Calif. - trapped a ? of this species in a patch of chapparal behind the house between 10 and 12 A.M. (Had another which was released by my sister). Area is quite rocky, more or less in the sun, covered mainly with a low (3 ft?) manzanita and a spiny white? Ceanothus. Under growth grass (2-3 types), cone flowers, ferns, and two small pines. Area in the sun most of the day. Animals are active almost all day/boy. 26 June Another animal in an open area by a pine tree. Several others have been observed moving through here in the A.M. This ? former animal show almost no fat. Animals occasionally lie exposed on branch calling loudly, especially in the evening. Several times mistaken for birds. 25 Jme. North side of Donner lake, 6000 ft, 4.2 mi. W. E. aemoenus Truchee, Nevada Co., Calif - trapped 5 animals in an open chapparal area in the hills by Donner Lake. The area is a 30 deg slope, rocky, of loose dry sand (granite). Most of the area is covered with a sparse low manzanita mixed with a low white? Ceanothus and low grasses, cone flowers, and a few small pines (ponderosa). The area is bounded on all sides by tall ponderosa pines, with little undergrowth, though much of the forest is fairly open. The largest animal was taken in an area of

Paul D Benedicti 1961 Eutaemus aemoneus californicus 28 June North side of Donner Lake, 6000 ft, 4.3mi W. Truckee, Nevada (o., Calif. -ma (cont.) manzanita about 3-4 feet high. The smaller animals were taken in the open manzanita areas, 2 at the base of small pines, 2 at a rock wall wall along the edge of an unmaintained dirt road. All were trapped between 7A:4 + 12:30. One was too far gone to save, +2 pelts were joined. All were males (showed penes. The smallest animals showed almost no fat, the larger showed increasingly more fat though neither could be called extremely fat.

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Paul DeBenedicti 1961 Micrurus townsendii July 18 Cape Perpetua Rec Area, 1.5 mi S. Yucate, Lincoln Co., Oregon - A vole of this species was trapped in a wood pile, in a shunk cabbage area in an open campsite. The wood pile consisted of small logs, 2-3" in diamet[er] covered with moss, about 12-14" high. Evidence show grasses, violets, and other small monocots. Several shunk cabbages almost covered the pile. The trap was on a bare spot, in the pile, Area about 8 feet from heavy undergrowth and 10 yards from a creek. Near campsite #525 See Peromyscus maniculatus for same site hit by Jays, but salvaged as much as possible: (skin, palate & lower jaw)

"I hope this is clear enough for you to understand that the purpose of this letter is to inform you that I have decided to accept your offer of employment as a teacher at your school. I am very grateful for the opportunity and look forward to starting my new role soon. Please let me know if there are any further steps I need to take or documents I need to submit before my start date. Thank you again for considering me for this position. I look forward to hearing from you soon. Sincerely, [Name]

Paul DeBenedetti 1960 Noctilio lepiornos Decade approx 10 mi. SE. San Blas, Nayarit, Mexico. One of these bats was shot as it was flying over the beach. We saw about 40 of the bats, as well as many smaller, darker ones. The bats were mostly over the sandy beach, but we did not check the water too well. The locality can be reached by going out from San Blas to the road to Playa Matanchen, and thence following the road along the beach, turning left at the beach. # 144

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and DeBenedictis 1961 Ondatra zibethicus 19 Aug. 4 mi. NNW Williams, Colusa Co., Calif. Bob Payne found a juv. of this species along a dirt-gravel road through extensive sedge, cattail marsh. The animal was in the low vegetation about a flooded cattail swail paralling the road. The animal is very weak, and attempted to crawl (very clumsily) into the cattails. when handled it attempted to bite. The weather was quite warm (low 80's), but it was cloudy and rained off and on thru most of the A.M. Found about noon. Discard. 4 Nov. Sacramento Natl. Wildlife Refuge, Glenn Co., Calif - a half grown specimen of this species was seen crawling along the road through the refuge in a situation much similar to the above. The area around was extensive cattail marsh. The road side was covered with flattened vegetation & the animal was quite conspicuous. About 4:30 PM, wasn't clear, good hazy weather.

April 17 Ordinance No. 2346 (Repealed by Ordinance No. 2350) Whereas, the City Council of the City of San Antonio, Texas, has adopted an ordinance entitled "An Ordinance to Regulate the Keeping and Maintenance of Animals Within the Limits of said City"; Now therefore be it enacted by the Mayor and City Council of the City of San Antonio, Texas, as follows: Section 1. That all persons who keep or maintain within the limits of said City any animal other than dogs or cats shall hereafter be subject to the provisions of this Ordinance. Section 2. That no person shall keep or maintain within the limits of said City any animal which is not registered with the Department of Health and Human Services, nor shall any such animal be allowed to run at large within said City. Section 3. That every owner of any animal kept or maintained in violation of this Ordinance shall be liable for all damages resulting therefrom, including but not limited to injury to persons or property. Section 4. That the City Clerk is hereby authorized and directed to publish a copy of this Ordinance once a week for three consecutive weeks in some newspaper published in said City. Section 5. That this Ordinance shall take effect immediately upon its publication as herein provided. Passed and approved this seventeenth day of April, A.D. nineteen hundred forty-three.

Paul DeBenedictis 1960 Perognathus sp. Dec 16 White water Canyon, 0.8 mi (by road) N White Water Riverside Co., Calif. - ♂ - #145- trapped over night under a dry creosote bush with many (2 dozen) cactuses (foot high) under it. The ground is as light West facing slope, with sparse dry grass and scattered rocks, [illegible], bushes, and cactuses. One rodent hole was evident near by. This is a skull only. The animal was hit on the middle of the back, but in good condition. No time to do anything, today. Skull only

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Paul DeBenedictis 1961 July 18 Peromyscus maniculatus Tape Perpetua Rec Area, (U.S. Forest Service), Suiska Natl. Forest, 14 mi. S. Yucats, Lincoln Co., Oregon. A set of this species trapped by ackaning in dense Sitka fir forest. The are is a north facing slope covered with huckleberries, a rich, damp, brown soil, and with several logs on it. the trap was placed along a log, in a depression-border in the ground, where there were traces of a runway. Area is quite damp. A grassy area and a creek about 10 yards north. near campsite #58 (host) stolen by jays) A second specimen of this species trapped at the base of an old blown down tree in a similar situation. This site is in heavier under bush, about 20-25 yards from the creek on the south facing slope. The trap was placed in a tangle of roots, where there was little vegetation The general area is a deep, wet fir canyon, with a creek running down the center. Under growth of maples and other broad leaf trees (about 30 feet at most), berries, lins. Every thing is quite damp, and all the trees, branches, etc., are moss covered. The firs are quite open, 80-120 feet high, covering all parts of the area. Site is about 1/4 miles from the ocean, and probably receives fog, at least, almost everynight. High rain fall most likely.

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Paul DeBenedetti 1961 Peromyscus maniculatus July 19 Sunset Bay State Park, near Charleston, Coos Co., Oregon traped a mouse of this species in a shunk cabbage patch under a poplar woods at the edge of campsite #59. Area is dense vegetation, trees about 25 feet high, with a thick bushy undergrowth, and much shrub cabbage below that. Ground quite damp. Site is about 1 mile from the oareau. [illegible] Surrounding area is much the same. Much fat.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1967 Peromyscus maniculatus 20 July Harris Beach State Park (Camping Area), Curry Co., Oregon. Today I trapped a specimen in a patch of wild rye, about 3 feet high, in a small clearing in dense [illegible] -aldern (another bush) thicket. The trees run 7-8 feet high, densely packed together. The site is mostly covered with grasses, and the rye patch measures about 8 x 12' in size. Near by grow wild rose, cone flowers, a ?marzanita and 2 or 3 other grasses. The trap was placed in in the run way between two of the rye clumps. Near campsite 60. Considerable fat about neck. 22 July Highlands Camp site, Van Damme St. Park., [illegible] Co, Calif. - Elvety Conks trapped a mouse of this species in a scrubby fir wood at the edge of a grassy area. Area quite dry, but cool. Ground covered with mulch litter from the firs - needles, sticks, branches. Much grass, including a little wild rye, in the vicinity, but most of this is quite dry no other plants available. The area is on a slight south facing slope, and quite exposed to the wind. Little fat. Area here is a patch of fir forest on little River very near the ocean. Site is an open pine, firs, grassland on top of Ridge between the little River & the Big River.

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Paul DeBenedictis 1960 red bats Dec 19 0.8 mi. N. (by Mex. 15), Santiago, Nayarit, Mexico- Two reddish bats were collected by net under a culvert under the highway. The bats stayed in the culvert for some time. The surrounding area is mostly cleared mixed broad-leaf forest; most of it is quite damp. The tunnel itself was dry. H 147-148 I loused them up trying to skin them. host,

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Paul DeBenedictis 1961 Calypso anna. 27-July Botanical Gardens, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Calif. a male of this species spent some time defending a territory 20x30 paces in size, roughly square. He defended it against all hummers, ♂+♀, of both his own species and Allen's hummer, Selasphorus sasin, map of the area below. Most invading birds are young ♂ or ♀ Allen's. Adjacent ♂ located, ♂ ♀ Allen + ♀ anna. Conflict is between ♂ Allen Birds not objected to new Spotted townees, Roblins, Galif. thrasher, steller lays, & bunnets. ♀ Anna located nearby makes occasional sorties into the ♂'s range to get nectar from the thistles, but ♂ always chases her out. center of territory is probably oaks, but bird spends much time on thistles. other male's territory is separate by about 15 yards. It is centered on a large bush. 1 Aug. same - both ♂ Anna are in the same territories - as on the 27th. The thistles have almost died now. It was much warmer and birds were little in evidence. There may be another ♀ Anna here. Both the ♀ anna and the ♂ Allen Hummers appear to be gone.

CALIF. BED BOTANICAL GARDENS LIVE OAK 23 Yds Canna Thistles Manzanita BAY ROM LIVE OAK 35 Yards "NO HUMMERS LAND!!" 17 yds ♀ S. salsina KREEK VERY UNMARKED TERRITORY LIVE OAK Canna P 51 R 21 S 4 Plantings Anna F 46 B3H PLANTINGS B3H

Paul DeBenedictis 1961 23 Aug Calypte anna Botanical Gardens, Univ. of Calif., Berkeley, Calif. visited Bot. Gardens to check hummers noted 2 Anna are present but seem to have shifted in position somewhat. The thistles at the far end of the bed are gone, so is the Anna. Here a Selaesphorus sasir was seen on the cals, uncontented. The milkweed is almost gone, and nothing appears to be occupying it. The second male territory is present occupied by a 2 Anna, who seems to hold pretty much the same territory. Another Anna was found in the N.W. corner of the area, about 30 yards from the male mentioned above. They were not seen to conflict. Few hummers apparent now. The thistle is Cirsium occidentale var. candidissimum, from Red Hill, Plumas Co., Calif. In a second area geraniums grew abundantly, and, being in full bloom, form an excellent food supply. Here, in an area about the size of the range of one anna? in the more open Calif. Bed, 3 males and 3 4 Selaesphorus sasir feed, and apparently staked out ranges. 2 Anna + one? showed strong territorial behavior. One bird diving, but probably a S. sasir.

CALIF. RED BOTANICAL GARDENS! Sound [illegible] [illegible] to their common need for more than the usual two men. We shall all be happy if we can help one another in our daily work of caring for the sick and dying. It is a great joy to see them get well again, but even greater is the satisfaction when they are able to return home. Our efforts must always be directed toward making life easier for those who need it most. Let us continue this noble cause together.

R. Benedicts Paul 1961 Calypc anna Sept. Botanical Gardens, University of Calif., Berkeley, Cal. 8 Nov. Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Visited feeder of Mrs. Francis McKinnon of 8 Panoramic Place, Berkeley. She told me her experiences with this species which has become attached to her feeder. The bird has become quite tame & once followed her into the house while she changed the contents of the feeder. The bird (a ?) is quite possive [sic] and druses all other birds from the immediate vicinity of the feeder (a chickadee also uses it), but during the last summer a ? S. sasin (Allen Hummer) banished it from her yard. The bird has come back. This bird shows a strong aversion to Sapsuckers and many times has been observed chasing them away from the laurel trees around the house. At present only one bird seems to be around the feeder.

Calif. Bed, Botanical Gardens. LIVE OAK FRUM (LAUREL) BAY OAK PINES BUSH PINES BUSH BUSH LIVE OAK MANZANITA MULLEDO

Paul DeBenedetti 1961 Icterus cucullatus 12 June Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. After seeing a male of this species (for about 3 minutes) in an Elm tree about 8:30, I went to check the Washington Palms at the corner of Bonita and Berkeley way. A nest was found and then a female flew from another palm. A male then landed on the telephone wire on which the female was sitting, and was observed lengthily. A second nest was then found. The male was observed to fly into, and later out of this nest. Many House Finches also inhabit these trees. The nests are almost invisible, except from directly below the trees. They are built under down-hanging palm fronds, apparently a shallow oval-type constructed of long, yellow-brown grass, most of which is finely woven into a ball-like shape. Perhaps only one nest inhabited. (NOTE: 2 males of this species were seen in Tilden Park near the Brazilian Gardens on 10 June of this year--see Journal). Position of nest opening Tree trunk Nests about 30 feet from ground.

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Paul DeBenedicti 1961 19 June Teterus cucullatus Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. - notes on nesting behavior. - A.M. \[3 visits/45 minutes\] 10:46 A.M. \[\]\ou tree 10:47 \[f\] visited nest (left after 30\u207a seconds) 10:49 \[m\] left tree 10:53 bird left tree (nest) looking into sun * poor light conditions 10:51 \[f\] left nest 11:01 \[m\] visited nest 11:03 \[m\] visited nest - to telephone wires, left 11:04 11:06 bird left nest. 11:11 \[m\] on trunk of palm - left 11:19 11:17 \[f\] visits nest 11:20 bird at nest (quit 11:22) \[5 visits/45 minutes\] 6:45 P.M. started 6:56 \[f\] left nest - to telephone wire, left 6:59 7:08 \[m\] bird left nest 7:09 \[f\] left nest - to wire - 7:16 \[f\] left wires 7:23 \[m\] on tree, in nest, left. 7:29 \[m\] out 7:29:30 \[f\] out, left 7:30 7:39 \[m\] left. Map of area on back. 6 July 10 July 28 July no sign of any ovistors. adults and juvenile in elm tree in back of 1904 Grave \[m\], \[f\], juv. (P) in Elm tree + vic. \[m\] at nest tree.

telephone wires Hearst Ave. Berkeley Way Berkeley St. path of birds apple tree 1901 1905 elm tree Washington Palus nest in (1) empty nest in (2)

e Benedict P. 1963 Loxia curvirostra 10 Aug. 0.3mi S, 0.2mi W Boca Springs, 5700', Nevada Co., Calif. about 30 birds were seen here, in and about Boca Springs in the open clay Pine Forest. (Jeffrey Pine, at least, present). The birds were mostly in small groups, 2 to 4, and were usually seen only in flight as they gave the "jip jip" call note. This bird taken was 1/2 way up a 90' pine trees on one of the smaller bare branches, apparently feeding on pine cones, 3 or 4 birds were in the same area and nearby tree. Its crop was full of pine seeds (distended) and broken pine seeds and small dark grit filled its stomachs. Morel noticed only on this crop of tweet while it was being skinned (wings not examined) and gonads very small, disturbed when I skinned the bird. wt after c. 48 hrs on ice in plastic bag. The next A.M. heard the "geea geea jip" song a little, as well as a "jip jip gea" version and a trill with the same quality of the "jip" note, quite reminiscent of Spizella breweri song. They sang mostly from about 8am to 5 A.M. P.S.T, then gave the flight notes (jip jip) the rest of the day. Many trees with numerous large cones & the birds apparently coming for cones, not water.

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e Benedictus, P. 1963 Ernutes mauri 11 Aug Davis Sewage Ponds, Yolo Co., Calif. The Davis sewage ponds are on Rd. 102 just NE of the city of Davis. Water was high here and shorebirds were confined to the cement dykes surrounding the ponds where the sewage is treated. They were both sick birds, unable to fly and captured by hand. About 40 more Western Sandpipers as slightly more Least Sandpipers, +6-8 W./sou +1 Northern Phalarope, 2 W./Nets, + a # of Avocels, St. I's, + Killdeer were seen here also, but no dowitchers of any kind were noticed. There was a higher proportion of Western to Least Sandpipers than usual here. The f showed no molt. The skull appeared to be unossified in reflected light, not checked in transmitted light. The f's skull was not checked. It showed fairly heavy molt on all tracts except the spinal (wings not checked). W's after e. 2f hrs on ice.

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