Field Notebook: SD, ND 1962

doc. 0284 1962 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR GEOLOGICAL SURVEY — LOOSE-LEAF FIELD NOTEBOOK — 9-137

doc. 0284 Summer 1962 [7048] Page Loc. 82 - Bieber Ranch - Loc. 83 W. of Bullhead - -. . . . . 1 Loc. 84 - Butte in type Bullhead area - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . 2 * Loc. [illegible]a. Reich Ranch - spur betw. 60 & 61 - -. . . . . . 3 Loc. 48. Hump Cr. - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5 Loc. 85, 85A, 86 Little Eagle NW quad - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 * Loc. 56. St. Pats - Bullhead sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7 Loc. 87. Green grass area Country NE quad - -. . . . . . . . . . 13 * Loc. 88. " " " Timber Lake sections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14 Loc. 89 " " " . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 * Loc. 90 " " " T.L. sections - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21 Loc. 91 N. Iron Lightening - general (see below) - -. . . . . . 24 * Loc. 92 Beaver Trap Cr. area - T.L. section - -. . . . . . . . . . 25 * Loc. 93. E. Beaver Trap Cr. bluffs - T.L. to Culgate - -. . . . . . 28 74, 88 North Dakota trip with Dave B., Hulland & students . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32 Loc. 94 - Loc. 95 - general - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33 * Loc. 96 - Freeman Ranch - Bullhead-Culgate - -. . . . . . . . . . . 38 Loc. 97 - Mud Butte" N. Freeman Ranch - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . 41 * Loc. 98 - Rattlesnake Butte, Zieback Co. - -. . . . . . . . . . . . 42 Loc. 75 - General (warine Hell Cr.) - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 44 * Loc. 40 - Westernmost Moreno section - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45 * Loc. 91 - N. Iron Lightening section - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47 Loc. 92 - Note on Beaver Trap Cr. section - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52 * Loc. [128] - Supplementary St. Pats River section - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53 * Loc. 56(212) Section at top T.L. - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55 Loc. 99 - Moxon Ranch - (see Ious notes) - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 56 * Loc. 100 - Moreno bluffs just W Irish Cr. - -. . . . . . . . . . . . 57 Trip with Wayne Pettyjohn in Stoneville facies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 60 Butte cap survey - -. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . '62 Loc. 123, 124, 125, 126, 127 Loc 288 (A-1409) KARL M. WAAGE Peabody Museum New Haven, Conn.

Orders - 1 piece dinosaur for Elga Wassermanns boy.

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Locality 82, Bieber Ranch. West-facing cut-bank in slump block of Trzil City. Concretions in stream bottom. IN NE corner SW1/4, SE1/4, sec. 30, T. 19 N., R. 27 E, Little Eagle SE quad., Corson Co., S.Dzk. Cobbzus section, taken here in early 40's is just about completely gressed over and only concretions in stream bed attest to highly fossiliferous Trzil City, Found Limopsis, qervilliz, Upper D,nic and Protoczdiz. Some good Upper D,nic were collected. Timber Lake is in here but no really adequate exposures. Locality 83, Road cut west of Bullhead Cut on east side of county road, between Bullhead and Rt 65, near top of hill NW of Bullhead in center W1/2, SE1/4, SE1/4 sec. 14, T. 21 N., R. 24 E, Bullhead quad, Corson Co. So.Dzk. Fossiliferous bank of Timber Lake sand with some "banded bed" lithology in upper half. Exposure is suggestive of interfingering of these two lithologies (see Steves remarks on State Bullhead gcologic map). Shale beds fissile & locally faurly carbonaceous. Found chiefly Tancredia, Desiniopsis, small ostrea, Lunnzia, P. Inquiformis - but 1

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also a variety of others. Oysters commonly clustered, fair number of Terebridae with two valves - also Posinopsis. One of few localities where P. lingiformis + P. nebrascensis loose in sand. Shark + other teeth, fish parts, crustacean parts and other stuff. I am has good data on this locality. Locality 84, Butte in over type Bullhead Butte on east side of Bullhead-Walker road in center E1/2, NW1/4, NE1/4, sec 11, T21N, R24E, Bullhead quad, Corson Co, So.Dak. Bullhead member cropped by oyster bed in sand. This is in type over designated by Stevenson. Shows sandy bedded beds in fair exposure, mantled by slough from oyster bed. In road gutter some shells in sand and an otolith on crop. Oyster-bearing sand has those in place with both valves and also loose of shell debris. Whether this is sandy bed in Bullhead or is colgate is not evident.

[illegible] 5,7 17 3 4 1,6 11,4

Loc = 215 Locality 215 Locality 60A - Reich Ranch, spur between Locality 60 and Loc. 61. Measuring up from toe of spur. (1) 5.0+ Shale, dk grgy to blt, weather flaky, finely silty, brn stain on fracture surfaces, typical Elk Butte lithology. Base in slump (2) 5.5+ Shale as in (1) with concretions top and base + possibly some scht betwn. Concs large, weathered brn & purplish br, break to blocky frags, limestone. 2.5 11.4 (3) 13.9 Shale as in (1), lower layer (creep?) of Febrn ls cones about 3+ above base. (4) 2.4 Clayey silt, blocky, dk grgy to grgy, chte. conc. layer in base - red to redd-brown yellow stained. At top - bontaurtic clay layer with schtrevl cone in conc masses. (5) 9.5 Clayey to shaley silt & silty sh, grgy-dkgr, weather brownish with appearance of layering. 6.3 from base to top is zone of purple brn to red brn weather ls. cones with light gray interiors. (6) 20.5 Interlaved dk-gray silty shaley clay &al brownish, loc. lzm, clayey silt. Scht rb weather cones betwn 6+9 ft from base. At top is very persistent zone of large OB + PR cones with some cone in cone jackets. (7) 13.0 As in (6) above but silty layers becoming 3

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dominant, At top is layer persistent Febrary worth, to crazy + purple lava blocky trays. 15,6 Guess covered slope to top of lower of two large cone layers 15,4 Sandstone under guess slope to top big cone zone with I don't know what? Units above 6 appear to be in place but part of section is missing. The two upper layers of large cones with Timber Lake found in and between are probably a slump block, Needs re-checking

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Locality 48 - Bluffs south of Hump Creek. Re-examination of this section shows that the 8-foot layer atop the bedded beds is a zone of contorted blocks of "Colgate" in clayey silt, and is a bedding texture not a recent slump, the small pinnacle of bedded beds out from the Colgate-Hell Creek scarp has this layer as a "corerock". Even concentrationary blocks in it show rolling of laminae. This flow-zone is present throughout the limited area where the bedded-bed-Colgate contact is exposed at this locality. Underlying bedded beds locally rumpled and scooped out, Although no other Bullhead member exposures measured to date in this area it is obvious from outcrops N. of Hump Creek & E of So Dr Rt 65, that this section has less of the member than normally present. This may be due to fact that Colgate locally thick here whereas to N. Colgate thin. The "flow zone" being present with thick Colgate may be significant,

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Locality 85, 85A. Small outcrops on shoulders of spurs E and W of main gulley draining SW1/4, sec. 24, T. 20 N, R. 25 E., Little Eagle NW quad, Carson Co., So. Dzh. #85 in center W1/2, SW1/4, sec 24. and #85A is center E1/2, SW1/4, Sec. 24. Protoczdria and Gervillie-Limopsis can be found approximately in place on spurs. Bzrrcn layer above Protoczdia about 10-15' (approx). Above this Timber Lake comes in gradually - basis of soil getting sandier. No trace of Abyssicus layer, but dark A.B. zone in sand indicates gleucanite zone at approx same level as at locality 30. Collected from Protoczdia only. Locality 86, small exposures in lower bluffs either side of draw, due north of Mortensons Reach, draining S along E side NE1/4, sec. 33, T20 N, R. 26 E., Little Eagle NW quad, Carson Co., So. Dzh. One small D.nic. conc. in place and some Limopsis-Big G and Gervillia. All exposures are in small slump blocks on Elk Butteshale.

approx horizon liq. zone? { horizon 2nd cely. 3 Big SS blob zone. } 31 approx

Loc. 56 St Patricks butt - Section A. - (Skeleton for key beds.) (1) 5.4 Interbedded BB and grey weith, SS, about 1'ss at base sandy lb zone at top and .5 bed approx 3' from top. Sud lzm., plant frags loc. on bedding. (2) 4.4 BB's with approx 1/0 of sud + clay plugs at top, (These sands and those below with small rb weith grey cke cons with bedding) (3) 7.4 BB's - very few thin SS lzyeus (4) 3.0 BB interb. with szud. A few scattered cklc. snd bodies in sandy zone at base. (5) 6.9 BB with very little ss (6) 3.6. BB with foot SS at base and some IB SS to base SS cone zone (7) 3.2 Sand, fine gr. (all preceding is v fq) SS, with lzyqc light grey weith conc masses. (8) 7.7 Interbedded fq ss, vfq ss + clayey sud, lcal AB stoned lzyes + OB conc lzmince some shty dlt sh lzmince near top foot SS at top. (Note czvb frags on sud bdg plus) (9) 12+ clay, silty to sandy, loc. shaly, with scrt to grass roots. IB. f to vt snd. Weiths to develop grey at base lighter above. Loc. som flat cclc. crumbly cone masses at base.

Section B. (See old notes - this is same as base of old St Pzfs. section F56-C, 1959-1, p.64 Podewell St Pzfs #3 has better breakdown? The red letters are his samples Base on layer of OB worth. czlc. concs locl with gray silty jackets. A few fossils - Tellina, P. linguliformis, Mactra scattered but locally accumulations of above complete Timber Lzke assemblyc. (Collection labeled "upcomost TL conc. layer." ) 1 4.0 Clzcy silt and sznd, gray, "worm-worked", with scattered small, locally fossiliferous OB wortha concs in bzszl foot. Above this scattered clusters of shell fragments in small subspherical masses, shells loose in matrix, fragmented for most part though gastropods commonly whole. (Coll. B-2) A Sczthered JVosite blebs, Grades to well-bedded unit above. Contact fairly shrp. Mk'd by top limit of shell clusters with ostreaz (see Coll B-2) 2 1.2 Bznded beds, alternating lzycus, ± D.I., of very finel silty gray clay (locally bledbed) and layers of clzcy gray silt. Layer OB worthi blebs at base and fairly persistent OB to yellow worth silt layer at top. B 3 14.0+ Bznded beds, prob. covered by popcorn crust to top of dark bznd indicating highly bentonic layer. C from top 4 7.0 Bznded beds under popcorn crust, loc. persistent rusty zone at top. 8

Ammunite (B-3) in float on surface this interval. 5 2.6 B.B., grey clayey sandy silt, & silty clay, lower 1.5 obscured by popcorn. Rusty zone at top. 6 3.4 Interbedded v.fq. sandy clayey silt to v.fq. sand, xlzm., 2nd silty clay, beds <0.1 to >0.5ft. D at top 7 5.7 Interbedded fq + vfq sand lzyeus + P.B's, 1.0 ss at base with local irreg c.coz cem, light grey masses., another 1.0 ss t starts 3.7 from base, and at top is 2 third. All have local light colored conc masses. (cf out) F of section A) E at base 8 7.2 Banded beds, with 0.5 vfq SS at top. 9 18.0 Banded beds, sand beds up to 0,4 + at 2.2, 4.5, 11.5 (tops) from base. F G at top 10 4.2 Sandstone, v.fq, clayey weith somewhat fluted, x-1zm to 1zm loc, with plant frags on bedding surf.; also layers OB conc. flzkes, local c.coz white wefthy, x 1zm masses in this interval. 11 5.2 Sand, as below, with numerous OB small & med (1.0) flat cones and OB stringers. Bed contorted, so we see some of the cones which obviously were plastic at time

of deformation. This deformed zone varies in thickness here, locally expanding into unit (10) below H just above top mzs. E2st end St. Patricks exposures - N 26° E1, 9° NW at base bluff near road, e2st side. Steepest clip exposures to be in this area. First butte SE of rd up bluff - coll. from base SS channel near top, about 17' above the key SS cones... for 6' I above the key SS cones is contorted zone then banded zone to base fig channel sand. Loc. 212, Section B Section C- begins on wash slope at base of popcorn with obvious though obscure wedding. Mud butte in center w½ SWly NE¼ sec. 26 T:15N R 21E (1) 5.t Popcorn slope, fastened bend about 2.0 from top. At top sczt sw3ll, crumbly grey-weather cones. (2) 4.4 Popcorn slope, steepening in upper foot, (3) 3.5 B.B. with sand layers up to O.4, one of letter at base. At top sandy zone with local cone masses, small to 2' long. (4) 5.8 BB. popcorn crust, zlt, silty cl & fine clayey silt & snd. 10

5 3.2 BB with lb. sznds about 0.5+ at top + base with thinner ones sczt between. lower ones 0.8 stained crumbly, upper worth white have small rb worth cones. 6 3.3, As in unit 5 with 0.5 bed+ at top. 7 8.7 As in unit 5 with more numerous ss layers in lower 4.7, more clcyng in upper 4. 8 4.2 Clcyty to sandy silt, szndy layer 0.5 at base. Bedding obscure is chiefly massive with contoured sandy blobs up to 2.5 diam sczt mostly in middle part, locally the bottom sandy layer is rumpled. 9 2.8 + Bedded beds with sand at top about 0.8, local send cones.; Much plant material, loc. purple sandy beds due to liq lzmnce. 10 6.8 B.B. with three ss beds +0.3 at 1.0, 2.5, 4.6 znd zu 0.4 at top. 11 6.0 B.B., several sznd layers in basal foot znd mid slope. 12 14.6 Sznd, vty, clcyng, to fa lte gray weath, 5.0+ top layered calc cones, above this vague contorted zone with sczt lzuca (410 diamt) calc. Cones. Ssnd is K bedded + X lzm. Top of this unit X beds zve truncated, ?

[illegible]

13 6.7 Alternating beds of fq's and shaly s2nd beds up to 1.5 thick, distinctive unit of thick (relatively) beds. 14 18.0 to? s2nd, fq, channel type x bed x xlum, in upper 8.0 zrc huge bru wazty butts top, congs of xlum ss. Loc with interfacal ripples. This s2nd s2nd is out on 1st butte SE rd, that has small coll incl. wood, pavement tooth, ropd tooth & shls both.

Locality 87 - Road cut and hill slopes in SE corner Sec. 27, T.14N., R. 23 E, and 2d part SW cor. sec 26, Lantry NE qwd., Dewey Co., So. Dak Concretion layers in Timber Lake and top of Trail City, but no exposures offering very good section. Timber Lake member exposed at edge of bluff. A very clayey sand. Not good enough exposure for adequate section. CAZ Large concs between or next of small Idonezcucis. A 740 "Berven" layer, brittle gray lg cones OB weath - loc. fos. accumulations. Red brown weath. cones, Jacketed, bearing big spheno's, some big D. nebrascensis Three prominent conc. layers as shown above, but many foss. Cones scattered - or not located in interval between Big spheno layer and top layer, Also some in float above top layer in grass but may be gravel. Note - Rod Feldmann found a "nebrascensis only about 3 1/4" long, mixture - but not so many nodes on tip BC. Borrow if needed. 13

Locality 88. Exposures on NW facing bluff and spurs below it in the E1/2, NE1/4, sec. 27, T. 14 N., R. 23 E, Lztrvy NE quad, Dewey Co., So. Dzk. Sections on spurs, including one extending NEward into NW corner sec. 26. Elk Butte shale to the small Idoneczycz layer in Timberlake member Section 1. Beginning in gulley side where there are no markers and apparent transition from Elk Butte to Trail City Base slope 1) 6.3 Intermixed dk finely silty shale and cloyey silt. Shale like that in Elk Butte but silt pods like T.C. Shale locally, most common fracture fresh is blocky; weathered - shale predominates 2) 0.3 Gray silt layer, loc. shaly silt, slightly cloyey 3) 9.0 Blocky cloyey silt, gray, and darker gray as clay increases, some silty shale but this chiefly in lower part. At top. scattered gray to red bru mott. silty pinky calc canggs - loc. with calcin cone outer layer. May not be a continuous layer. Cores are X 12m silt + appear local conc. In a carily continuous silt layer, trench shows silty layers irreg, slit with clayey. at top butchfally mixture 4) 5.7 Cloyey silt-gray + dkrsilty clay, blocky irreg mixture. Silty band 0.3+ at top locally Fe stained and some calc concentration bodies with OB & RB staining. Small rounded gray is conc 14

with OB rind (1/4") about 0.6 from top, meas diam 0.6. 5 4.6 Upper 1.6 grazsed roundelay zs in (4) below. 6 12.5 Covered- to top Limopsis cone layer which chiefly between ls cones weather, OB. But one cluster Limopsis + scath long hinged clam found loc. This may include slump + repetition Offset to @slope above head gulley. (8) next leve slope W. A 10.6 Top Limopsis to top Protoczuclie layer. B 11, 8 " " " " " " " Offset Possibly top czlc cones top of interval (4) above to Limopsis 10,5+, but not sure base is same. Section 2 Protoczuelic layer - measuring up from top 1 8.3 Silt, minor vfq sand, weathers yellowish gray with ptnqs gray silty shale. Local silt beds some OB to protosttic striae. 2 10.7 Gray silty shale, fissile at base where in sharp contact with yellow silt below. Sharp color change can weathered outcrop. upper 6.5 15

0 0 0 rbjac berron study jvosite (UJ) 49 1/7 2 0 00 brvvn UB ////// Bentoni (B) 0 0 0 0 Berran LB sh --- silt 0 0 0 0 Prot. 0 0 0 Lim.

covered to top where bvron is concs zve. This is widespread bvron zone. Locally comps brittle is, weth brown, rusty. Numerous + continued to about 1 feet vertical, [3] 3.0 Dr gray silty sh silt gray silt mostly weth or covered interval. [4] 0.3 or less silty bentonitic clay lite gray to greenish gray. (Locl conc-in-conc concretions about 1.0 above) [5] 2.0 - ? Shzlc as in [3] to gravel or slopewash czp. About 1.0 to 1.5 above bentonite locally popcorn crust with sczt conc-in-conc cones. Section 3, Skeleton up spur of hill. Beginning on top bvron layer above proboczdiz. [1] 27.6 Covered except for lower 5.0 which is brush gray silty shzlc with then bentonitic layer & conc-in-conc 2.5+ above Gzsc. At 14 to 15.5 + layer sczt, bvron red brn weth. cones. At top is persistent Jerosite with 16

cumbly lite grey silt concre loc, + some conc in conc. Another row jerosite blocks 1.5 to 2.0 below it. (2) 4.0 clzyty silt + vfa snd woztus lite grey jerosite blcks in crudo layer about 0.12, others scatered. At top layer red brow loc. jackated concs bezren (3) 14.0 up old road, chiefly covered, or washed but lite grey wezth, clzyty sudy silt + vfa snd. Layer of ls concs-bezren zt 5.5 from bzgr. At top in upper 1.5 to 2.0 is Big Spheona conc layer. (4) 17.3 Top Big spheona to top "bezren" (5) 8.0 Top "bezren" to the small Idouczrcz concs top of plateau. Section 4 Spurs E wzm gulley about 12° NW of Sec.3. Protoczdiz + Limopsis layerz prominent, chiefly unfossiliferous. Beneath the Limopsis layer small concs commonly have z few ammonoids, seem to be coming out mostly within 9 or 10 ft below and 5ft below but can't be certain. Skeleton section (over) 17

Slopo wzsh 16,0-? silt, clayey grey micror silty dk gray clay. Scattered small ovoid cones white rinds, some ligh reddish brown "zumoeloid" types and some up to 0,18 in grey jackets.. Ammonoids (loc.88, sec 4, lot 1), float, from cones in this layer, chiefly from small white rind type. Weathered cone body chambers common also. 2 1.0+ "Limopsis" layer, here on fossils. Is cones weather rusty brown with golden calcite in outcrops loc. 3 11,0 Chiefly silt, gray to dk gray shelly & shaly silt with brown stain, Fe, that is most noticeable in lower silt on weath crops. Scattering of small cones near top but distrib. not clear in this outcrop, and zmonoids appear assoc with small cones (some in larger) right in with cone layer above ( 4 1.0+ Cone layer, chiefly brown, gray to pinkish brown weath cones. Irreg ovoid compressed H bedding = Protocruzidiz cones. Assoc ammonite remains loc. in the big cones also on smaller ones that appear to be among them. (Loc 88 sec 4, lot 2 In big cones are chiefly bivalves. D. nicolleti's.

Loc. 88 (cont.) Miscellaneous notes. About 3.5 to 4.5 ± feet below the big spherule layer are scattered smaller hard ls. cones also with red brown, many are highly fossiliferous and contain mizudzuosis - the very small scaphite and numerous juveniles. Sampled several. A-1386

Locality 89 Exposures on spurs and slump blocks NE of bluff on T.L. member in SE¼, SW¼, sec. 22, T. 14 N., R. 23 E., Lzutrý NE gdzd, So. Dzk. Scouted without success for adequate section across Trail City lower contact but too much slough. Potentially good from Elk Butte to Protozerda but would take deep trenching. On lower spurs below the Izuye T.L. slump block Protozerda and Limopsis lzyeri present. Prob yielded a few scattered D. nicolleti's and Limop lzyer; one small Sphend and a single Limopsis. Beneath Limopsis zone of small, abundant concs many of which contain D. nicolleti and larger ammonite, one had numerous Drepanochilus (collected). The contact with the Elk Butte is nowhere adequately exposed for measurement, it seems that the thickness between Limopsis lzyer & Elk Butte is greater than usual here, at 88 and probably also at 30. The Izuye Timber Lake slump here has its face sloughed badly - needs more slipping to afford a decent section - very poor at moment. It has slid over upper Trail City. No good exposures here for measuring, but may be fair collecting - particularly at upper conc. lzyer - Idouavez concs & white ones.

114 34

Locality 90 SW facing exposures on ridge, chiefly in NE 1/4, SE 1/4, SE 1/4, sec. 21, T. 14 N., R. 23 E., Lzuty NE, qurd, Dewey Co, so. Dzk. Good exposures from somewhat below Big Sphond layer to small Idouczecz layer. Excellent collecting in T.L. - especially small Idouczecz layers. Section #1 Beginning on top conc. layer that is apparently the barren one above the Protoczecz layer. Conc. layer (1) 1.0 Dark gray silty shale, mostly covered (2) 1.0 Bentonite, olive green, silty. (3) 13.5 Gray silty shale becoming blocky upward, weathers to brownish gray checked surface. At top is zone scattered redbrown wartz is coarse with goldenczelite 10 to 2.0 in diam. Few fossils Nuculana, Sphondiscus freq. (4) 14.8 Interbedded gray clayey silt and dark gray silty shale, former predominates latter in thin partings. Weathers to light brownish gray checked surface in contrast with darker brownish gray weathered surface of lower 10 ft of unit (3). One small red wartz. conc. (is: 3" longd) about 3' from base. (5) 2.8 Gray to dk gray clayey silt with irreg silt blotches and 0.1 to 0.3 layers of derositic silt at base, top and 1.0 from top. Concretions consisting mostly 21

9,5

of crumbly gray silt jackets occur locally in leveeite layers. 6) 17.0 Lower 5.0-6.0': chiefly dull gray clayey silt locally shaley. Above gray to yellowish or light brownish gray sandy, clayey silt, sand vfg increasing upward as clay content decreases upward. At. 9.0-9.5' scattered red weather is common. And at top is Big spheno cone. layer. Both cone layers loc. jacketed. Big spheno layer 7) 5.7 As in 6) below to base layer scattered large cone masses, vfg sand & silt that weather pinky to flashy gray to brown. Some of these cones is more sandy than preceding interval. Section 2. On toe of SW trending spur to ridge Beginning at top of big spheno layer. 1) 5.2 Gray to yellowish gray vfg sandy silt with some clay and blobs dull silty silt. weather light yellowish gray. 2) 9.3 Intermixed, mottled gray to yellowish gray vfg sandy silt and gray silty clay. Whole is clayey, less sandy than interval 1). At 5.3-5.5' and in top 0.2' are OB stained zones mottled silt & vfg sand.

3 7.3 As in 2 below with clayey silt decreasing gradually upward, locally some crumbly cone messer 1 to grey with sandy silt about 1/3 from top. Upper 2.0t is chiefly the yellow gray sandy silt with minor amount of dark clay. 4 2.0 Sandy silt and vfq sand, minor clayey blobs. At top zone between ovold cones of brittle ls, usually with long axis that is || bedding, (This is "broken" zone of localities 88 + 87) 5 9.8 Szud, vfq, silty, wctus yellowish gray local OB splotches; "whiterind" fos cones in upper 2.0 to 3.0. 6 1.0 to 1.5 Sand with cones, up to 1.5 thick and 4/10 + ln long dim, many large ovals with small Idonczurcs, weth bru gray to bron. Also in sand just below this layer are lighter "white rind"cones many very fossilic. 7 2.0-? Sand 2s below to grass roots.

Locality 91. Large area badland type exposures from summit below bounded beds into Hell Creek, in W 2nd SW facing bluffs east of Moreau River in W 1/2, Sec. 9, T. 14 N., R. 19 E., Redelun NE quad., Ziebach Co., So. Dk. Access to this locality can be had from south, coming in on trail above bluffs E of Ivan Lightning and follow it on down to lower terrace in bend of river west of locality bluffs - then wading across the Moreau. Bluffs show complete bounded bed section although base is in question as contact nowhere clearcut. No Timber Lake fossils were found but concretions of brittle Is do occur below bounded beds, in a Trail City type lithology. At or near contact is a bentonite or bentonitic clay. Calcite-lime (use in about 2/3 up in bounded beds, and another at top which channels into highly bentonitic pvt bounded beds. Hell Creek in for 20-30 feet to top of bluff, Section not as fossiliferous as Ivan Lightning. Should be a good check if bottom can be found. In NE. cor. Sec. 9 - 1st SW gulley in face in this corner, seems best spot for bottom. Here gyrosite layers exposed and can probably get down to upper T.L. bentonite 24

Locality 92. Exposures on both sides SE trending nose of high bluff, at confluence of Thunder Butte Cr. and Beaver Trap Cr., lying chiefly in NW 1/4, NW 1/4, SE 1/4, sec. 29, T. 15 N., R. 20 E, Thunder Butte quad., Ziebach Co., So. Dzk. Extends into W side NE 1/4 NW 1/4 SE 1/4. About 80 ft of lower Fox Hills up to bentonite at top and including remnant 15 foot fossilif. zone of T.L. member. Section 1. On SW-facing bluff above Thunder Butte Creek. Measuring up from top of beveren ls. conc. layer (local designation layer A). - locally these concs hug up to 2' thick 4' long D., w/ thin yellow-white -crusty, zvc grey silty ls. inside, brittle. 1) 17.5 A 798 Sandy clayey silt with blobs vfg sand + silt, massive, gray with yellow to orange Fe sta. some on freshly weathering light brown green. Arbitrary breaks this unit to record first fossilif. concs found in place = spec. 92(1)a and 92(1)b A799. A920 Specs 92(1)c found 1.0 above the others. 2) 14.0 Sandy, clayey silt zs below, somewhat more clayey in lower 8 ft, clayey zcvc dtr gray Scattered ls cons, some beveren, z few fossilif, up to 1.0 from top. Big spheroid loosely suzle 1.0+ from base A921 Spec. 92(2)a 1.5+ form top 3) 0.4) Devostic clayey silt with bright yellow-orange band on top. 4) 0.4 Bentonite, yellow green, finely silty 5) 5.5 -> ? Gray clayey silt w/ th. brn lower 0.8 bentonitic. Unit is zccly unigum

light gray with silt in swirls, less commonly lemonize. About 2.0 from base discolors from overlying gravel cap comes in: Some small brown cleft cones 1.5 and 4.3+ from base. Top of bluff

July 19th (1) NE¼,SW¼,sec 10, T129N, R81 W, Lower Hell Creek pinnacle with Fe conc layer containing gastropods and chams- steinberns. (2) SE¼ SW¼, sec 26 T134 N, R. 80 W, on south side Cannonball River, Sioux Co, North Dakota. Roger found Sphenodiscus in the Sandstone which also has Desmouysis & Taurcedia - see our collection. Donated Sphere to N.D.

Locality 93 Local bedlands in b2uded beds on SW fece of bluff above valley of Beaver Trap Cr. in about center SW 1/4, Sec 21, T. 15 N., R. 20 E, Thunder Butte quad, Ziebach Co., So. Dak. Fzcc drilled by 3-heeded gulley in centur S 1/2 SW 1/4, where b2se sections taken Section 1. Center EK 1/2 SE 1/4 SW 1/4 in first NE trending tributary to the SE gulley above confuence of the 3. Measuring from top of bentonite, variety Sec. 1, Loc 92 (1) 16.8 Dark gray clayey silt with blocky grct, zt b2se grading upward to a gray clay shzle very finely silty if at all, with szct czup furys, good shale begins about 5' from top (2) 2.3 Gray shale some silt lower dzc, zt top and b2se interlzm. vfq sznd in zones 0.3 and 0.4 thick, both highly charged with jzvosita. Shale has fine mottling as in some b2uded bad slect, szct piznt furys common. Section 2. Struts in NW gulley below head and czrrics NE to b2se bluff and up just SE highpoint. (1) 3.0 Beginning with jzvosite zone = (2) of sec #1 by tracing Gray clay shale, finely mottled with 0.5 jzvositic zone at base and 0.7 zt top cleable). Both on vfq snd interlock, fsilty. (2) 3.6 Chieflly shale, weth light bruish gray with szct piznt furys and liq. pertings, with interlocks of gray silt + some szcti pods vfq snd with concant jzvosite or Fe stain - these concent in upper 0.6 for most part. 29

{ "text": "unit 4\nunit 3\nbentonitic shale II III IV V VI VII VIII IX X XI XII XIII XIV XV XVI XVII XVIII XIX XX XXI XXII XXIII XXIV XXV XXVI XXVII XXVIII XXIX XXX XXXI XXXII XXXIII XXXIV XXXV XXXVI XXXVII XXXVIII XXXIX XL XLI XLII XLIII XLIV XLV XLVI XLVII XLVIII XLIX L LI LII LIII LIV LV LVI LVII LVIII LIX LX LXI LXII LXIII LXIV LXV LXVI LXVII LXVIII LXIX LXX LXXI LXXII LXXIII LXXIV LXXV LXXVI LXXVII LXXVIII LXXIX LXXX LXXXI LXXXII LXXXIII LXXXIV LXXXV LXXXVI LXXXVII LXXXVIII LXXXIX XC XCI XCII XCIII XCIV XCV XCVI XCVII XCVIII XCIX C CI CII CIII CIV CV CVI CVII CVIII CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXCICXCI CXC [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

③ 5.7 Interbedded grey clay silt (as below) and silt. About 4 prominent silt beds, 0.6 at base, then 3.2-3.7, then 0.4 at top. Each has the characteristic rb worth x lzm study coals strctured along them, indicating layers sudy silt + x lzm. Additional smaller layers silt 2 abt midway between bottom + middle layer. This interval most strongly or obviously

At top is [illegible] conc (layer characterized by [illegible] (Below this horizon (top unit 6), bended beds strongly bended, many conics, turn here up beds shalier, move bottomize, underly long slopes & bending gets tenter upward. Some scat shell traps in lower layers, but no good fossil accumulations. (7) 4.4 Chiefly clay shale in lower 1/5 with some ob to [illegible] stained silt layers. Upper 3/4 has more silt layers, all thin (under 0.2). At top is Overt [illegible] yellow layer about 0.1 but prominent at edge of flat on bent shale above. Belownites in flat near top this unit. (8) 29.5 Chiefly clay shale, with obscure bending from thin, widely scattered silt layers. Probably somewhat boundarite [forms gray slopes near foot of bluffs of sand (calyzte) where latter is present. Most conspicuous feature is obscurity of bending. (9) 0.2± Gray to dark gray mottled, highly bontemic clay shale weathers to dk gray popcorn shoulder on slope. (10) 11.6 Interbedded clay shale, silt and very sand. Sand becoming chief constituent in "silt layers. Local Fe-stn O + [illegible] blocks common. Lower half interuzal silt-sand layers common

upper half they are few 11) 5.9 chiefly vfq sznd, with much ob stein and interbeds of db grey fossil shale. In upper 2.0 crudely grey-white wartz ss snd conc messes. snd in interval vfq + silty, (simple with lignitic layers from top this unit) Lignitic zone at top seems fairly persistent here. Interbedded clay shale + silty sznd - a good brazed-bed unit, with interval 5.0 to 9.0 with silt-sznd beds up to 0.7 snd below thinner + shale predom. From 9.0-14.0 shale with sczt thin silts, then about 3.5 with numerous silt, and romzndor chiefly shale. A few sczt comes in lower thick silt zone (total thsly this unit) 12) 20.5 13) 9.0-? Gross Roots Sznd, vfq wartzus grey, loc with OB stein snd numerous OB chips. Crossbedded + leathery with some c clay stringers + scattered fossils. Concan, of fossils in channel base 5.0 from base. Preservation poor, some oysters - whole & clouded. To north along outcrop unit (12) changes, the silt-sznd layers thicken at expense of shales & it becomes difficult to separate thus from overlying unit though it is still shaliier. Here too the silt-sznd bed are dominantly sznd snd wartzier, or tend to, fluted. Even OB chips work down from above, snd unit (13) difficult to separate from (12). 31

Trip with Tove Birkeland, Bud Holland, Rod Feldmann and Charlie Frye - July 17, 18, 19, 20 and 21. July 17- Locality 74 visit with Tove + Bud + pzrly A4685 Collected belemnites, ooliths ostrac [illegible] thin bentonite layer above [illegible] ss blot layer. This [illegible]'s in same position as that above "Iowa Colgate" sed in the bedlands to N. across Missouri (Loc. 91) Also took them to Loc. 30, and I. Country. Gave them some of "holotype tree" July 18. Collected on Whitehorse ridge in morning, 2nd on Green Grass bluffs in PM - Tove and I worked together. She found Cheyomansis with double row of nodes which I appropriated - if it is duplicated give it back to her, (Loc. 88) Also borrowed large advanced [illegible] from Frye who found it - belongs to No. Dak, (also Loc. 88) 32

1st day in No. Dzh (July 19) Hump Creek - Locality 48. - Nothing new here - Izn collected some good Tenebridae, We dug out some "Helymonites" that had not yet been microlized - the bumpy tubes were a gray clay. (1) NE 1/4, SW 1/4, sec 10., T. 129 N., R. 81 W. a lower Hell Creek pinnacle with Fe cone layer containing gastropods + clams as steinkerns. This is just above contact liginitic shale - or assoc. with some of it (2) SE 1/4, SW 1/4 sec 26, T 134 N, R. 80 W., on south side of Cannonball River, Sioux Co., No. Dzh. - East of Salem Locality 288 A-1409 Bluffs in Fox Hills s2nd with cone ledges and a few scrt concretions Sphenodiscus found by Roger - Posinopsis and Tenebridae in ledges - chief fossils of ledges. Mactra-like clam + wider variety, some Discocophites in concretions Note - one of best sections in 2002 is across River near here, cross at Salem. Boys call it Lizards section - he & Cobben measured it. Banded bed- Temular Lake contact in it. 33

2nd Day - with Alex Cuznera Stop 1 (F-1) D2984 About on S line Sec. 20 T133N, R88W. about 6 mi SW Lieth; So Grant Co. No. Ozk. Steep cutbank on N side Cunnobell, "worm worked clzgy sand+ silt with scattered small gastropods and pelecypods. Collection Cunnobell #1 2 (F-5) D2987 Mile+ SSE of 1 in N-facing cutbank south side Cunnobell, in SW 1/4, sec. 28, T133N, R88W., about 6 miles (airline) SW Lieth. Bluff in sandy clzy-clzgy sand, mixed ov wormworked layrs of 15'+ between cave. layrs has fossils. 3 D2980 NW corner Sec. 21, T133N, R.87W., 2 miles S. of Lieth, So Grant Co No Osk. Pit in field in 4-5' bed chiefly Campeloma nebrascensis; Tongue River Am. 4 D2988 5 miles E. of Fresher on NoOzk, and Holland coal locality #2, Cuznera

(5) NW 1/4 Heart River SE 1/4 sec 10 T. 138 N, R. 83 W. about 11 1/2 miles WSW Mandan, NE Morton Co, ND (6) D2983 4.65 mi W. RR Ste. Mandan, ND on cut off US Hwy 10. - SE 1/4, sec 23, T. 139 N, R. 82 W. Corel locality in Canoubell Saturday, July 21, Emmons Co (1) C0432 NW 1/4, sec 11, T. 132 N., R. 79 W., 14 miles W of Linton, Emmons Co. Road cut in oyster bed with O.qibera, Corbicula, z qstivopod, ammonoid freq, shell's teeth, fish vertebrae. (Ammonoid fragment to Bob (2) D2979 The ash bed a mile or so N of Linton on "Main Street" (3) Seeucm Perk. - Do not rember seeing sznd there previous times, but it comes in 2t or near Geruilla comes in big red bxdum j rctated messes. Is good Timher lkze lithology 35

Resume of North Dakota trip. Told Bud of report of large shells from housing project in Bismarck. Then returned to Fox Hills in Bismarck - if these Cannondell may be ammonoids and very late Spheno's - Look into this. Big discussion on Linton section. I argued that though no sharp change to Silty "Tril City" lithology the Is. cones + fossil accumulations were lith characters typifying T.Ci, and an integral part of its description (check) THIS SHOULD BE STRESSED IN REDEFINITION, Also concurred that subunits should be on lith basis, J.T.L. lith comes in top of bluff at Linton just above Gervilla cones Also - Colyte better classed as lentic then member locally.

Locality 94. - Bullhead Lake locality Southwest-facing bluff at E end of dam across trib. to Rock Creek, one mile N Bullhead in center E½, sec. 13, T.21 N., R.24 E., Bullhead quad. So.Dak. "Bendas bed" section in upper Trail City capped by Timber Lake memb. Ion collected it and has measured section Locality 95. - "Ridge west of Locality 2" of older collections East-west trending ridge and spurs lying W of the Whitehorse road in S½, N½, sec. 25, T.16N., R.25 E., Dewey Co., So. Dak. The east end of this locality is on the west edge of the Whitehorse quad. sheet. The ridge extends about ½ mile + beyond and is separated from divides to N. by deep draw. Protoceratiz layer rich, caps western ridge spurs + is continuously exposed along the S side. Ridge overlooks Elk Butte lowland to S. in valley of Little Moreau. Locally the O. nic lyzer + Limopsis layer zrc exposed along the south edge and in breaks at W. end of ridge. 37

N end bluff E W corcs with Timber lake faune 1\l wash bounded beds Colgate E E S end bluff W E Corcs with T.L. faune 1\l wash bounded beds Colgate Fault E of Freeman's Ranch Bullhead-Colgate scarp 5.4 4,6 5.7 10.3 3.4 13.

Locality 96. Frogmen Ranch Fault Scarp, west facing bended-bed & Colgate bluff lying east of Red Coat Creek in E 1/2 , sec. 4, T. 10 N., R. 19 E., Ziebach Co., So. Dzk. Scarp shows two massive sands in Colgate, but no top to Colgate. No bottom to section as fault intervenes between concretional layer (3?) with T.L. fauna and bended lithology; Section 1, taken at southern-most bluff starts in lower part of bended beds. (N 80-85° E, 42° NE) wash fret ① 9.0 "Bended beds" chiefly grey silty clays and silt with relatively few silts-tone bends, bending not prominent. Weather to hard checked surface on silty clays; indents or flints on silts. ② 5.0 As above with slightly more distinct bending. At top are some more darkly weathered layers, some OB chip layers and just above silt layer with local flint, grey to RB weather cones scattered in it. ③ 12.8 Except locally this interval is a zone of mixing & contortion with scattered cone masses av. about 1.0 in diam. Top few feet locally shows bending but contortion runs thru entire interval plus some adjacent locally. ④ 4.0 Faintly bended silty clay with jarosite imprdg. Silt zone (persistent) at base (about 0.3') ; upper 1.0-1.5 is chiefly a fissile to blocky grey shale, with jarosite imprdg silt at top (also persistent) Local cones in this top layer. 39

2.2 rusty study silt. 5/4 47 2/8 5 3.2

5) 8.2 Interbedded clayey, blocky silt, silty shale, minor clay shale and a few layers OB stained sandy silt or VFG sand. Blocky laminated clayey gray silts predominate. At top is thin OB stained VFG sand+silt with liquidite silt assoc. 6) 16.7 Interbedded clayey silt, gray to dkgray shale + silty shale and scattered thin beds of 'silty VFG sand that are commonly weathered OB. In this interval shale layers more numerous, clayey silt layers thinner + aggregate less than 50% prob. 7) 8.0 Sand, fq to vfg locally silty with some interbeds of gray clay shale in lower 1.5. Weathers yellowish gray and has, locally, large calc.concretionary masses, generally flattened in plane bedding but locally more spheroidal. Long clasts, up to 12.0, thicknesses locally up to 3.0. Typical "calcrete type" greywacke. 8) 17.6 Sandy-clay grading upward to clayey sand, gray, weathers yellowish gray some OB stain, has somewhat larger plant frags than most of section below. 9) 15.5 - ? Sand, fq to vfg gray, graywacke, local light orange stain. In upper 5-7' keep and north cone masses holding rim. locally coalesce to form rim rock but commonly single up to 15'+ across and 8' high. Top of S end of bluff. 39

Laterally to north a sandstone channel comes in about in the lower half of unit G, it also has concretions though not as large as those in other SS units. Here too, the lower SS of section contains large void cone masses as upper one does at position of Section. In ever near road highest point above bluff is about 40 to 45' above base upper SS, and has cap cone SS like these below.

Locality 97, Mud Butte, small butte NE of Freemans Ranch near road. It's cap of oyster-coquina Sandstone has collapsed and only chunks of it remain on slopes. Cochine features oysters, high-spired snails and corbiculids; also found fragment of ammonite, smaller snails and mytilloid. See collection. A950 A951 The caprock was Calgate, probably high calgate. Bedrock in butte is the banded type that lies between Calgate sand layers in loc. 96. Slopes to E show lower banded beds and upper Timber Lake stuff just coming in. To south the first large gully heading in toward road has lower banded beds (from which Roger collected) and upper Timber Lake which is a clayey vfg sand that weathers yellowish gray at upper 10't, light grey below and has rustyto RB worth calc concs near top. Further south just before Freemans road dips into valley of RedCozt Creek, a bentonite is exposed S. of road not too far below the Timber Lake type concs. No good section of T.L. and down is readily usable but with proper control and plenty of sweat a composite might be put together in this area. 41

Locality 98 Rattlesnake Butte. Section - Notice - measured down from top. (8) 23.0-? A952 Butte cap, a fq to vfg sandstone of "Colgate" type, silicified. Crossbedded to x1em, good current bedding + ripples, intersecting channels, loczl indurated clay pellet cgl, and salty clay lenses, fossil wood and some fairly well preserved leaves. A highly variable cap in its sed features but all indicate current. uncont. (7) 8.0 Clay, silty to sandy. In upper 5.0, blocky, grey, weathers light gray with ob strm and chips near top. I'ze stdt plznt fragz throught. (Bszl ll:ot is brn gray finely silty clay shale with plant frags, grades to lq shale below and into about 1.5 of gray, vfg sand, x1zm above. (6) 5.0 Clay, brownish gray, plant frags & lq streaks and pockets with prominent ledgey hard liquidtic red-gray weath shale at top and a tough dk gray clay of bosal 1.0 to 1.5 with lq streaks. It purplish cast. (5) 3.8 Clay, tough, gray, plant frags, silty, with a few layers & laminae silty vfg sand. At base becomes hard massive silty clay + grades to unit below. 42

12,3 0,5

(4) 6.6 Shzlc, hrzd, brownish to reddish gray, lignitic weatheres to purplish gray crumbly locally. irreg. local contact (3) 21.0 Sndy,soft, fq to vfg, lamurated to fine bedded and x (run, loc. weatheres lumpy gray to Olb loc. Has indurated erects, and farming prominent beach on NW can butte slope, just under Hall Creek 1/4' shzlc. In lower 3' some clayey lenses and lignitic streaks, bossed. O.2t is reworked layer of silt and clay chunks from underlying unit. Indurated over is not calcareous (see hand specimen) (2) 1.5 Clzy, gray, finely silty, grading downward to sandy clay and into unit below. (1) 8.0-? Snd, vfg, lem, x lem, with layers lig brn and of gray silty clay, though latter rel vzrc. Snd becomes clayey locally. Note: On S. side butte huge calc. courses come into this Calcite sandy interval with tops 17' below Hall Creek contact and base at 31' on the one measured. 43

Locality 75 - Revisited to collect from "Mizme Hell Creek" Fossil bed is current accumulation; no valves together, much crushing indicated. Calcite beneath the lignitic shale has been large cones. Fossils are in shale about same position relative to base of Hell Creek as is the Breiten member in No. Oak. The accumulation is one more common to "Calcite" in surrounding area. Note that calcite here is somewhat atypical in being bedded + brown weathering, though similar aspect seen locally at N Iron Lightning bedlznds where brown-bedded calcite grades laterally within 100 feet to typical massive, fluted light gray stuff. Angle of face may have much to do with this.

Locality 40. At south end of bluff typical Hell Creek exposure but big sands lacking. Very difficult to tie in with Loc. 75. Oyster bed at base of S end of bluff with lig shale under it. High in bluff to N, is sand (possibly 11+12 below) with Colgate-like convolutions. Skeleton Section. (1) 3.-? Popcorn surface on deeply weathered grey clay. (2) 7.0 Reddish weathered lig shale and clay. (3) 7.0 Sandy, firm, with oyster beds in lenses throughout; upper one at top is locally 0.8 conc'd ss layer with oysters, zoophites, corbicula etc. Sand is x (2ur to x bedded). (4) 5.2 Sandy, massive to x layered, weathered like gray fluted; at top white weathered sand layer 0.5+ with OB weathered cone masses. (5) 12.5 Sand as below (4) with clayey lig shale layers 4-1.0 from base to 6.0 from base upper few feet jarositic. (6) 5.8 Clay, lower 1.0 to 1.5 liquid crumbly cledge; above is dk gray hard clay becoming lighter upward. 1.0 at at top + OB weathered crumbly cones Festone and accumulated bones- very plentiful here. (7) 17.5 Silty clay + clayey silt weathered to popcorn slope with scattering of fo stone cones weathered crumbly OB. Lower 3.0+ 45

weathrs gray, then about 2 feet light gray much festone + greslite lower prev upper 7 also lite grey some festone. (8) 3.0 Liquidic shale (9) 5.0 Shale; dk gray glgy sh. weather to light gray popcorn (10) 4.13 Shale as below with purple crust on weather surface and stringyvs lignite. (11) 10.5 Clayey sand with plant frags - a loessly of clay and plant frags, becoming silty at base and more sandy above 510 (12) 7.3 Clay sand as below at base grading upward into gray clay, (13) 11.6 Shale; purple gray to gray with considerable liquidic shale incl. 1/0 hard liq sh at base, whole interval loc. weather purplish. (14) 2.0-? Light gray clayey silt Gravel cap.

11 to this bound.

Locality 91. Section 1) NW trending spur just S NE cor, sec, 9, Begins at first conc layer with conc-in-conc. 1) 0.3 Layer flat cslc. concs with conc-in-cone rims, and also plan c-in-c conccs, small ldonczrec in one. Below is silty clay as above for at least 15.5 feet to light gray hard only slightly clayey silt which may not be in place. 2) 3.5 Dk gray silty clay, weathers to grayish popcorn, underlain by hard gray clay with irveg patches silt. zhd soluc gvosite in upper 1.0. 3) 3.0 As in 3.5 but gvosite layer at base and pods gvosite throught. 4) 3.4 Covered - Flat across area of contact. 5) 10.8 Bended beds, dominantly brownish gray shiley to clayey silt plant ferzes with scattered layers silt in 3 to 4 from top and 2 to 5 from base. At top is locally persistent layer red weath conccs in bed silt. Only persistant such layer in this part of section (loc. var ss) 6) 38.0 Bended beds, chiefly shaly silts some silty shale, scattered layers of silt and vrg 47

11 55 58 0 - .4 1,2 - 1,6 5,1 - 5,4 7,6 - 8,2 10,5 - 11,8 13,11 - 14,0 15,5 - 15,9

sand not exceeding 0.2 in thickness. At 11.0 from base 100 bentonitic sh, some scrlth, redwartz cones, chiefly at about 12.5 and 16.5 from base (7) 20.0 Bzded beds, unit with thicker silts + finess than those below, though shaly predominates. Bzding marked. At base 0.4 silt-sand layer, others follow (up) as - 1.2 to 1.6 5.1 to 5.4 7.8 to 8.2 10.5 to 11.8+ (channels locally, else splits bc) 13.9 to 14.2 15.5 to 15.9 18.5 to 19.0 From 16.5 - 16.9 also z silt with 0.4 on top of finely lam. silt and czrb partings some chunks charcoal. At top, upper 1.0 is light gray bentonitic cly, wartzus light gray, (8) Sand with lzqo cones. Section (2) - Beginning base sandstone of unit (3), section 1. Although details of bzded beds in unit (7) change drastically, the base of the sand can be traced (locally without question and apparently does very little channeling. (9) 20.0+ sand, vfg, claygy+10%, graywacke, wartz light gray, fluted, local white wartz, cone masses in form tabular, but also in one 48

Note - unit 1 of sec#2 ~ the "key" ss in loc#74 bedlands, here it is expanded to a "colgate" lens - fossils & bentonite. it top are widespread in this area.

At base this unit-breaded fossils incl. one recog. clam. [illegible] (2) 1.5 (offset on top of sand to N65W of A) Bentonitic shale, weather gray to bluish gray popcorn + local sandy lenses in base with fossils 29 in (1) (3) 6.0 Banded beds, chiefly shale + silty clay with scat thin silt beds incl. 0.3 to 0.4 at top and base. Unit weather's olive gray in contrast to light bluish gray of units above or below. and silty shales gray (4) 8.0 chiefly a clayey shaley silt, few silt layers (may be vfg sand loc. Contain small shells (pecos) + small dentelium.. silt chiefly finely interbed, some loss bedding locally + silt in lenses+ blobs. (See spec. Sec 2 Coll 2) At top in 0.8 foot is persistent localoute bentonitic clay, sandy, weather to dk popcorn on crop, commonly on lip of bench (5) 4.5-8.0 (csee diag, next pg Banded body Intercbedded vfg sand and salty chr gray shale, chiefly Sand upper 2.0 where it is fine to medium grained. Locl Jevosite + OB chips. 49

double channel deposits at sec. 2. bentonite + SS - "upper Colgate" bentonitic sh. 1.b. sh v ss ("banded") top unit 4 banded beds.

6) 11.5 Beaunotite shale and beaunotite, szudy zt brse with stringers Vfa szud. A local fill cut into underlying unit and locally cut out by overlying szud. Greenish grey to bluegreen beaunotite shzle worths to light bluish gray popcorn. This mezzuron, is maximum local thickness 7) 25.0 ± Szud fq, loc. some mudgr in lower part "Colgate type" grossly X bedded in talher X lznm bds O/B chips and some compressed coons, locally with Corbiculae. Locally this sand goes to fluted bedlznd type of colgate crap but under A station it is in steep slope + cliff + weather brow grey with poorly cloudedepd fluting. Coll #2 8) 5.5 Interbedded dk gray shzle wi plznt frags and fq ss. Clzy has silt in lminze, shzly where these ar czuk frags present, szud lzys 0.2 to 0.5 thick decrease upward. Grades to unit 9) Note- block in float with Corbiculae, beaunotite + other claus may be from this unit. 9) 17.0 Clzy, silty , qrazy loc dk gray a few siltz lzys in lower 2.0. At 6.0 purplish qray worth clzy, locally liginitic. Upper 3.0 has ligintic shzle leuses and some sandy stringers. This unit is variable laterally in amunt of COB, matter. Some Felstone coas loclly. 50

10) 7.0 Sand, worths gray white, massivo fluted, some lt shale (no shale) in lower part. Fine grained Colgate type 11) 9.0 Lignitic shale and some lignito interbedded with grey shale. Fustone Small concs. 12) 17.6 Szudy, vfg, znd szudy clzgy, silty, worths yellow grcy OB stfmny, sczt oB concs small, local poorly indurated & few masses. Grades to silty blocky clzg in upper few feet. 13) 2.0-? Lignitic clzgy + transstones, Grass roots under A stfmny 51

Locality 92 Adding interval at base of Bozou Trp Cr section. From base conc, lzyer at base section it is 29' to lower bentoite with cone and coma. Below this about 5' to lzyer few scattered small conca and another 30ft below this of some shaly lith to stratum bottom, whole under conc layer #1 is light bush gray for about 5' above it, then goes brownish.

Locality ~~56~~ 128 C305 float Section: A Starts in Elk Butte Shzle at least 35' above river flat about in center of a meander scar, 35'+ up on slope. (1) 15.0-? Shzle, dk gray, blocky to chippy, very finely silty; locally weather brown stain on fracture surfaces. Scattered red weather limestone concretions in upper 4.0 and fairly persistent layer of small ones (up to 0.8) bedding diam, at top. (2) 15.8 As in (1) below except few silty layers begin to come in in upper 3.0. At top is CaCO3 stone cone layer of light gray to rusty brown, light brush gray siderite. Another cone in trench 5' from top is siderite! Fizz only on powder. (3) 0.6 Dk gray silty clay (more silty thru mdd) (4) 0.3 Brown stained mottled "nodule zone" A486 SO6 samples. (5) 2.0 Gray clay, silty, with irreg blobs + stringers of silt. CaCO3 cone layer at top; local cone-in-cone jackets. (6) 6.0-? Interbedded + inter lmn, dk gray silty clay and light gray silt. Weather's deep rusty brown. Slump cover

15-5 small coins

Section B - Offset about 75' to E No. 5 conc. layer top of unit (5) sec A, measuring up. (1) 10.5 Interbedded shale, dk grey to grey silty & light gray siltstone. Silt predominates in lower 3+ feet which are dark rusty brown. Siliceous silt in pads, layers & wavy blebs, but laminations less well defined. Local 6-mt mess about 6.5± from base. (2) 16.5 concave, crep interval uncertain of bed rocks (3) 25.0 Interbedded to interlam., grey & dk grey silty clay & light gray silt, clay layers thicker. Upper 5' more mixed of clayey silt with yzvosite blebs. Few small sczh. rb wartz concs, At top layer is rb wartz concs. (4) 34.0 To base big conc. layer (1st) gets progressively more silty upward becoming gray clayey silt with yzvosite blebs in upper 10'± At 15.5 from base zrc row small is concs. 54.

38.5 - 40 24.5±

Locality 212 (Former 56F) Section A, SW mid butte on spur, center SE 1/4, NW 1/4 sec. 26 T. 15 N. R. 21 E. At base zone rd worth fos. comes with protoceratid accumulations etc., in grass (See IGS coll's) Fossils comes measuring up. ① 38.5 Sandy clay grzdng to claygy sand and worth, clay in lower slope to light brown in upper. May be some inverse in sand upwards, if so it comes in about 25.0 from base ② 4.0 Clayey sand as below with layer chiefly broken cones at base, locally others above it with Mzotz-Telline fauna, ③ 1.5 To base zposita at bottom bedded lods. corava but appears to be a claygy sudsvilt 55.

Locality 99 Maxons ranch. Spur of S-facing bluffs of Fox Hills SSW of ranch house in center E side, NW¼, sec. 7, T.20 N., R.26 E., Little Eagle quad, Corson Co., So. Dak. 56.

[illegible]

Locality 100 Section A. Starting at River level - interbedded silt + clay go to river here whereas it should be Elk Buto. This section measured to where we are sure we're in piece, and is provisional - in case EB has gone silly on us. River 1 3.0+ Thinsly interbedded chalk-grey silt/clay and light grey silt. Interlam + interls, is irregular, X 12m, typical. At top is layer jacketed), flat ls. cones with silt laminae continued into them, with bwn-grey jackets 2 2.3 As in (1). At top thin (0.2) clay layer with local bigger void silt-jacket cones, weths OB 3 7.7 As in (1), layer than OB is cones at top. widely scatt 4 3.8 As in (1) but less silty & more dispersed) by burrowous, at top OBls thin cones 5 7.2 As in (1), at top very local cones with thick silt c-in-c jackets. 6 12.3 As in (1), locally thicker beds shule + silt up to 0.4, but also particular zones + some burrows. At top good persistent layer ls cones, flat/void,

5,7 8.0 3,0 6-0 19,0 7.0 rusty zone Loc sandy clinc 11-12 jarosite concent

timesfome, dk gray wezthg br + oh. ⑦ 10.9 ) Iraq thinly interbedded & inter fun as bolow with some "worked" layers At top is persist layer ls cones worth, rusty brown . Very rarely fossiliferous (Coll. #1) A-971 ⑧ 9.0 } More clayey snd with more "mixed" silt, otherwise as in procceding. At top another layer that avoid, rusty weathering, ls cones. Some rky sand in this inf. with silt. ⑨ 9.0 Lower 3.0± clay with intermixed silt but increasingly sandy. Middle 3.0 is zone with clayey sand - sandy clay, mixed, wezthg like brownish gray on worth surface. Upper 3.0 is mixed sandy clay with irreg snd blobs. Snd is FG graywacke ⑩ 19.0 Sandy clayyud clayey sand, mixed, with sandy pockets w/ blebs javosite. A rusty zone with local silt, crudely C-in-c causes at 7.0 from base and fairly continuous heavily jvrositic zone between 11.0 and 12.0 from base. ⑪ 7.5 Sandy clay-clayey sand as above with no jvrosite stain except single rusty-yellow layer 0.7 from top. Upper 0.7 is tough clayey, gray worth sand some shell blebs at bbase. 58.

5.5

12 0.7 Bonaruto - Much cono-in-cono. [Offset 75yds E W on benruito] 13 3,2 Sandy clay, dk gray wozlus gray, much the same as below. At top is persist layer of ls cones - ls is sandy, woathy yellowish brown with ivory milk surface. Locally fossilif (coll #2) A966, A968 14 23,5 Dk sandy clay in lower z'tt becoming less sandy upward & grading into gray silty clay, locally shaly; scattered jzrosite in lower sandy 3', z jzvo kzu zt about 6.5. At top is 0.3 silty sand, jzrosite & limonite scattered locally forms crumbly little lodea. This unit much clayer than anything below it. (A967 just above base) 15 16,0 Dk gray silty to faintly sandy clay; little separation of silt in any of these intervals (13, 14, 15, 17) 16 1,2 Bonaruto with much cono-in-cono. 17 10,0 Gray finely sandy clay, zt top is persistent layer lzyga ls cones. some with silt jzchote. Locally fossilif - coll #3. (A969, A970)

July 31 trip with Wzyur Pettyjohn - chiefly in area cornered by Opal, Red Owl, Advance + Marcus. See County road map for locations (1) Bluff overlooking valley of Sulphur Cr. from N. on road S from Opal. E side Concretionary ledges in x lem SS overlain by soft yellowbwn wath sand with dinosaur bones locally. Hard ledges have rare internal molds clams and fairly common Helymenites. Beneath sand with conc ledges is 4'-5' sand same lb sh. then scat yel. bwn worth cones, lower pt. concreted sand upper ls. - much plant wash. Below this layer- interbedded sand +sh, fairly thin beds, auth wails with sk & reptile teeth. Ledge is lowest visible in Sulphur Cr. valley and 1/2 shzle below prob. grades down into Piarra lith. - which can be seen in trib valley at (14) Have rather silty to sandy clay has some redworth sandy ls. cones. (2) Great mass of rather spectacular cross bedding chiefly in fq.ss some shale + liq layers. Conc. ledges at many different levels in this unit which seems to border valley as far cast as rd S Opal. Festoon type x bedding of many small intersecting crystals + 2 few big ones. (3) Valley of Beaver Cr. where crossed by county road thru middle T.10 N. R.14 E. Have 2 time section possible from dk grzy sh with jarosite buds + concs sandls up thru 20-30 ft lb sh + sand with scat. flat lended bed type cones to sand with some sandy lime conc layer, one of which at least - a yellow worth flat conc bed with "wormy" surface, has local fossils. Possibly the TL fauna (Pettyjohn hits) 60.

4 Similar set-up to 3 but higher, lb sud+sh at base in crack cut gets sandier upward with sandy concs binds sh. + some liq. Petty joke found Sphenodiscus in lower pzvt. Possibly T.I. faunaz. 5 scattered gutter crops showing lb sud and shale, sand increasing upward, locally a few irridescant plate ammonite shell, prob. Sphenodiscus Impressions: looks like good possibility of carrying know F.H. sequence in from 73 and hooking it to Opal-Red Owl zvez sequence. Seems only chance to 'crack' the stratigraphy. Apparently Avence- Mercus Rd sequence thus suspect Opal Rd section, similar but with more sand possibly cutting down "banded" Pierce -> x bedded ss platey concs (few) lb sud+ sh liq ptyz lb sud+ concs some fossils lb sh some sud small + long cones "Pierce" 1x sud 1 styoz Or sand layers in Rt column & thicken westward) Believe Stoneville coals over both stratigraphically and could = local liqs in beds equiv. banded beds + Galyte to E or could be brszl Hell Cr. 61.

123 Locality, Low Buttes SSW of Fernhouse in E 1/2 NW 1/4, sec. 34, T. 17 N., R. 23 E., about 2.3 miles airline SSE of Firestool. Siliceous graywacke butte cyp with much "Helymenites" and scattered, rare fossils including Tancredia, ammonite frag., oysters, Phirus acbrascens and a meter+ shippod clem. This cyp mapped as Hell Crr by Curtis. No exposures below indurated bed. Could be either upper TIL or Colgato. (B-1 on packages shipped) 124 Locality Butte just NW intersection of S.D 8 and SD 63, in Here indurated sand in Tancredia-Helymenites biofacies with soft sand beneath locally no sign of any brindle beds. (B-2 on packages shipped) 125 Locality Road cuts on S.D. 63, about 1.6 miles S of junction with E. A graywacke sand with Helymenites-Tancredia assoc. and foraminifer cones with some other fossils incl. Sphenodiscus, mcztra, O. pulcida in clusters, Peonoe, P. linguiformis. Locl indurated masses in this sand are light gray & similar though not as hard as butte-cyp sands B-1 and B-2. The fauna is identical & this is typical upper TIL, zones B-3 on packages shipped 62

B-4 #126 Small butte in center S 1/2, sec 31, T.17 N., R.24 E. On S side the bare patches show T.L. type sand with rusty worth conchs. Upward the sand becomes lighter & gradually more indurated, grading to the typical cap. This locality and proceeding viewsof together give convincing evidence that local butte caps are indurated T.L. Fossil conchs here incl. oyster clusters, mactra, heligmontes through out B-5} Not given loc.# B-6 Outcrop T.L. with Heligmontos + Tzucredia on Rt G3, road cut N of Five Butte in sec 7, T16N, R.24 E. Outcrop T.L. with Tzucrediz, Ostrea clusters, P.linguiformis but Heligmontos not evident on Rt G3 south of Five Butte in sec 18, T.16N., R.24 E. B-7 #127 Outcrop T.L. with only single float fuzzy Tzucrediz. Sand same but with big conchs, locally along lower part P.linguiformis-oyster conchs with fair fuzz. Heligmontos locally high in crop.

64.

Box # 18, 62 F, C, D, 56 F, A Box # 19, 62 and 56 A, F. Box # 20, 56 A + F Neil Kay # 21 56, F, A, - 62A, 92, 99 Box # 22, 92, 99, 100, 101 Box # 23, 73, 100 Box # 24, 73, 62, 100 (5 logs, red) Box # 25, No Dak fossils Box # 26, " " " "

Q upper V. Lowsy 02160 gray elchard. came c ons C line Jachits rb came zane bentwich E/A Butte lith Fobm Ob spots Lucius Pod weath comes some yello celc. septemz Nuculum de

Shipment list, Summer 1962 - Freight transport Box #1 - Locality's 82, 30 and Dog Butte Box #2 - Loc. 30 - entire Protoerodiz conc. (see notes) Miscell. from 30 and 30J. Box #3 - Loc. 32 and 77, 35, 74 Box #4 - Loc. 50, and 60-61, 25. Box #5 - Loc. 85, and 84, 48, 61. Box #6 - Loc. 86, and 60, 73, 50. Box #7 - Loc. 56, 49, 54 and fragile 83, 56. (874) Box #8 - Loc. 88 Box #9 - Loc. 88, 88-89, and 87-88 Box #10 - Loc. 96, 97, 98, 91 sec. lots (+ 75 loc, and) Box #11 - Loc. 75 and 56E + 56A lith samples - small stuff from 48, 74, wloc2, 37 + 35. Box #12 - Loc. 95, and 56, 60 float, and 94 Box #13 - Loc. 30, F, G, M, +N Box #14 - Loc. 60, 30L, 62A. Box #15 - Loc. 50, Loc 99 near Mexous Box #16 - Loc 62F, small 56A Box #17 Loc 62A, F, and 56A

Shipment list, (cont.) For transport in Div. Truck, Box #A - Locality 30 F, L, 2nd M. " " 32 Ridge W. Loc. 2 Loc. 30 F. - Spec. Holotype tree Box #B - Loc. 88, Loc. 87 Box #C - Loc. 87, Loc. 90, Loc. 83, Loc. 25, Ridge W. Loc. 2. (early found 90 & 87 m (1 Bay) ... 90 & 8 9 in 2m) { 90 ) 89 87 83 25 wac 18 m 3 m by + W Whitmore Rd }

23 M Faith - SE 24 T Faith - NE 25 W Irish Cr. 26 T St Pets 27 F 28 S 29 S 30 M 31 T 1 W 2 T 3 F 4 S No. 5 S 6 M 7 T

Rewvd if returned to KARL M. WAAGE Peabody Museum New Haven, Conn.