Field Notebook: SD, WY, ND 1957

Waage, Karl

1957

Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History

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Source Material:
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paleontology stratigraphy fossils Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway ammonoids

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130 Pages

doc. 0279 1957-1 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DI-6 APPROVED DECEMBER 1947

doc. 0299 NOTEBOOK 1957 #1 Fox Hills project. 1) U.S.G.S. Mesozoic localities near type — 1. 2) Remeasurement of part Curczi Cr. Section W-12 Tuyen Kera — 3, [7427] 3) Peck's Devils Tower locality — 6, 4) 2 above, continued — 7, 5) Colico Canyon locality — 9, [7427] 6) Biecht Hawk " " — 12 7) Roth-Wieczend-Berowszuns loc. Simmons Ranch — 13 8) Hepner-Sutton locality — 18 [7048] Fox Hills project — 22 1) Whitehorse Creek, Loc #1 — 23 [40] T — Lztote "type" section — 25 ] 2) Route 63 section n loc # 30 — 34, 3) Whitehorse Rd. notes on Loc's 2+3 — 39 4) Trail City Loc. 1 — 40 5) Linton Seezau Perk — loc 44 — 41 6) Little Ezyle Creek — loc. 22 — 43 7) South Morczu Rt-63 — loc. 32 — 44 8) North Morczu 63 river leve / loc 31 — 46 9) Recon. Pzrzc-Ezyle Butte — loc 33 — 49 10.)* Whitehorse Ridge — localities & sections — 51 11) Shipping lists — Fox Hills fossils — 59 [10.) loc 6 p. 55 — log. 12 p. 51 7 .55 8 56 9 56 10 54 11 52 loc. 29 49 loc 4,5,14,15 on maps only Karl M. Waage Peabody Museum Yale Univ.

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U.S.G.S. Mesozoic localities in and near type Fox Hills. 9131- 1/2 mile N. Linton N.D. on west bank small creek west of NPRR tracks 9132-9133 Along NPRR tracks, 9133 1 3/4 mi. N. 9131 9134 South bank Beaver Cr. 1 mile SE Linton (Probably the Seaman Park locality) Stanton & Hencock coll. 1914 - 9133, 9132 Tier 500, drawer 1, also ind. 9123,242 25. Tier 500, drawer 6 (Scaphs in Cobbens coll. Denver) Tier 500, drawer 8. Stanton 9131 has good spec, "fzt

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21816 Upper Trzil City. E. side McLoughlin-Little Eagle Rd., 2.3 mi. S. of turnoff from SD Highway 12. Nicolleti concs. basal Trzil City. These coll. in Tier 405, drawer 5. Prob. some scaphs at Denver. 21809 NW Elk Butte about in W 1/2 sec.10, T.20N., R.27E., Corson Co., S.D. "Gervilliz-Nicolleti" concs. in lower Trzil City memb. 21810 Same as 21809 "Mendezensis" concs at top of Trzil City. 21811 NW. of Elk Butte, in sec. 15, T.20N., R.27E. "Mendezensis" concs at top Trzil City. 21813 West side Hwy (SD) 12 in NW 1/4 SW 1/4 sec.15, T.20N., R.28E, Corson Co., S.Dak. Lower Trzil City. These coll. in tier 504, drawer 4.

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7427 W-12-Corzel Creek Approx measurement foss zone base Lakota (more down) 2.0+ Massive ss ledgy 7.0+ Tan to gray clstn becoming shelly at base. 2.0+ Avgill limestone - Fossilit, snails ostreocods, chavophytes. 1.6 Clzystone, gray with greenish cast, becoming calc downward + grading into ls below 0.8 Limestone, argilaceous, grading to limy clstn at top -Sample W-57-1- 0.8 is and lower 0.6 of claystone above. 2.0 Silty, blocky gray claystone; upper 1.0+ weathers to OB silt. May be calc. Sample W-57-2.-Most of it from somewhat shelly-breaking base? 0.6. 2.3 Blocky calc? gray clzystone with thin 0.1-0.5 lenses avgill limestone Sample W-57-3 3

5.0+ Claystone grey, no blocky or hard layers. (Sample W-57-4 - Spots from) 5' channel. At base few inches grayer more blocky becoming argill ls. This + top layer is ore included in Sample W-57-5 Below this another grey claystone -- limestone section -- total thickness approx. 17 feet. Upper 5.5-- W-57-6 - chiefly shaly Middle " W 57-7 - blocky Lower " W 57-8 - not clueded 2 spots. Limestone in lenses + thin beds up to 0.8 locally, weathers white, clayns gray to dark gray (very locally) ' ' in most part Grades at base to beaufortie claystone to light gray, (W-57-9 is upper foot.) Below this clsfu gray loc yell + green cast for +8' then highly colored cltns - about 5' red yell + purple with good clay float not reaching its top. Below 4

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This the 'swimming pool green' bed comes in. On slope under SS channel around spur to S from measurement quley following approx section by hand level. Starting base SS channel (SS = +11 ft thick is let continuation of 2' ledge- no- beginning preceding section-- is = 7' SS of Robinson threshold WZ4C section. 12.0+ Covered sandy w/sh -bl to dkgray clstn dug out at base. 6.0 Gray clzstone becoming black & fissil at base. Lower half foot + is limcy sh. + massive ls with ostrcods and suills. (Simple) W-57-11 of ostrzcodel sh + ls. 17.0 Wash on clstn, some limcy flost. Spots at 5'7" not show gray to light greenish- gray clzstone becoming suddqer downward. 5'7" from base very sandy, well rounded greins. Base1 2-3' is a white w/eth bed massive ls. Inter bedy (cont. on p.7) 5

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Peck's Devils Tower locality. According to Peck the locality is within the Monument boundary; but no Morrison within this boundary, (see Robinson 1956). Just north of the tower there is a Sundance dip slope with a prominent knob - but the knob according to Robbie is Redwater. We found some white-weather limestone flint resembling that in Morrison, but hill seems to be dk. gray shale; ls. with small gastropods. Also checked slope with knobs to E above Belle Fourch River, same setup as on the N. spur. Out North road to Robbies Morrison locality west of Tower at old Cabins, 132521 Morrison is well exposed - pastel variegated beds with dinosaur bones. Sample W-57-10 taken of limey silt with some ostracods about 15'+ above base Morrison. Doubt if Peck had this locality in mind. Best check would be to have Peck point out his locality. - Paleo evidence can be ignored.

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(cont. from p. 5) Limey shale hazua. 5,0+ Interval clstn, feci limey + shaly with white wezty ls. at base. chiefly grey. Lower 3' chzual sample (W-57-12) seems ostrzcodzl thruout. Some cht grzuns nczv bze? 6,0 Grey czystono, limey, blocky with scattered small conc limestone lenses in upper 3'. Ostrzcdzl 5,0 Czystonc, wzxy, vzricqztd. Greenish grzy at top zppezos to grey to vast above, then mottled red with greins + granulcs of chcut, Ver, purple red + green in lower 2' 3,5 Purple clstn continues in upper 0,4, then becomes greenish, sandy, wezthering to rusty bznd between purple above + bright green below. At base 0,1+ bed sand - See sample W-57-13. This

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SS locally sits on clzystones below them with irreg surface. Both this interval & that above prob zone of local 'polished pebble floz't. At this locality local wash concen't of goodies about at top of this study unit. Morison 11.0 Clzystone, chiefly, bright 'swimming pool green, some purple mottling locally. 5.5 Clzystone, weathered, chiefly grey + reddish, some green, upper foot is highly silty & laterally contains little irreg thin bedded leascs resistant siltstone, becomes less silty below this Offset - unit above sits on white-wash'th, nodular clzyey silt prob, loc. Amc? which weather's light grey + white, is mottled dk green + reddish, waxy. Dinosaur bones in floz' at top of bed. But some in floz' from base of green above. No ostracods.

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Czlica Canyon locality, Approx section from top Unit (est) at Loc A, 16.0 - Sandstone, massive v.fg sparkly rests on Unit weathers brownish grey. 28.0 - Covered slope upper 10' in gr[illegible], cl[illegible]stone, sli.sudy, with scztl ostracods. Sample W-57-14 16.0 +/- Covered to base ss ledgy. 22.0 - chiefly ledgy ss. 1st, upper part of this passes into the colts sandstone above the first quarry. Here is massive fine gr to [illegible] bedded + x bedded. Weathers light grey some pink f[illegible]stin. 33.0 +/- Covered slope 10.0 +/- Sandstone ledgy, chiefly fine gr, [illegible], bedded-x lem, weathers yellowish grey. May continue under wash of unit above. Maybe slump.

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This takes you to saddle which is on this ss in most of its lower pprt. Sendstone above thickens to 20' t up slope and at small slip showing soft beds above 5.7 obscured - in claystone some float nodulz1 is locally 32.0 Claystone, silty to sandy, chiefly grey & greenish grey with red mottling, redder at top wash mostly red. Upper 8-12' covered with slump blocks from ledge above. 12.0 Sendstone, brown to oliveath, fine-grained, massive x 12m to X-bed + irreg bed. Wash covered slope. Down canyon on the north side conglomerate comes in. 10

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CebccEnym #2 Measuring from top SS cap on Unkpapa which is here 20'+. 33.0 Covered with slope wash some gray calc, clay float and limestone modules. Upper part probably includes sandstone, continuous with above 23.0+ Sandstone, irreg bedded & bedded fairly ledgy, very fine-gr to silt size. Weather gray some yellow + pink Sfzin. 4.5 Covered - soft ss and red + tan claystone loc. exposed 8.01 Sandstone, fine-quartz, sparry irreg. X-lem, ledgy. In lower half wood, sand bands and polished pebbles. Samples - W-57-15, bone W-57-16, wood

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Black Hawk locality - Black Beach - they still find cycads now + then, most in place. We combed ridge from beach to "cycad valley" - lots of fossil wood but nothing else. Also looked in valley back of Blacks. Seems little chance of finding cycads in place - possible exception is cycad valley. But they are so rare it is not worth time. Did find ostracodal shale (Lzkota most likely) in beach patch at X N. of Black's Beach. From ubiquitous distrib. of fossil wood on ridge where ranchers sister says cycads found, both cycads + float wood prob. strat. above ostracodal sh. Sample very large ostracods in thin time from float - W-57-17

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Rath-Wiolzud-Bzvosurus loc. 3 miles due N. Piedmont. Simmons Bzvo ledge above n reach hzs thick ostracodal shzle- most prolific seen, Upper pzrt where best exposed was sampled- section (up from point in shzle slope hollows, 5,0 Shzlc grey wozths tan + pinkish loc. sczth ostruzcads + some accumulations. W-57-18 5,0 Szura but lime ica. + some hard plzly layers. Much pink Fe Stzm W-57-19 2,0 GkClstu + ostracodal cocknut + sh interbedded. stzine tan + pink. W-57-20 Sandsbnc czprcck - bzsl mzssive SS with ostrzcods some fish scales. Zbout ±l they mzssive AB wozth, ledge with thin bed to med bed x 12m rippled SS, massive in upper pzrt. 13

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Tilford Quizl - Morrison section Picked in washouts on face of hill at B, sec 33, T4N, R.6 E. 45.0 DK gray to gray at base grades to underlying - 16.0 Light gray to greengray is conc zones from 1 to 3 ft above base is black sh. 6.0 Greenish gr clstn prob. marly 2.0 Is conc layers with 1.3+ ft clstn between 12.0 Greenish gr clstn. Offset next slide N x 18.0 Down from base x 18' to coumbully brownwcth ls layers 14.0 Silty to sandy clstn with double bed ss in lower 2' 5.5 Sandy clstn+sltn + some cclc ss 'ledges 0.5+ 12.0 Silty cclc clstn, light gray some pinkish cest, with nod. ls. 6.0 Silty, loc. sandy uvr clstn same 14

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clayey silt, A red bed at top, greenish gray some pink stain below Sudstone, - top 'out papa' 2 rusty crumbly bed inch or 2 thick. Some bedded clayey stuff. below them the usual cross-bedded Land owners of Simmon's Reach in N1/2 SW1/4 W1/2 NW Swenson 1884 - Sec. 28. A.M. Morse 1891 - 30. 32. 29. Adolph Borsche 1886 (sold it to Childs E1/2 NW1/4 sec. 28. S1/2 SW1/4 21 1889 and Sweezy) 1887?} Nixon 1892 - Beck to "Bzusch" 1886 - Nixon 1902 - Hampton 1904. 1902 Swenson C.F. McBride homestead SE SW 28 1894 — to Holec 1899. To Swenson 1899 Blair E1/2 28 now. 15

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Summary of geology "3 miles due north of Piedmont." [Roth's locality in sec. 28-4-6 Generalized section Approx. From slide scer 2t A. Tilford Quad. 8. Sandstone (Unit of Wieland) - 20,0t 7. Ostracodal shale (Unit of G.R.W) - 20,0t 6. Sandstone with shark teeth and bones (Sample W-57-21) 3,0 to 4,0 Piec'd from B. 5. Limestone dark gray weathers brownish, becoming gray- downward, gyp in lower part. Upper 10t is sandy in pinkish gray. Floet covers upper 15' Schus sample 20't from top. 45,0 4. Limestone, cclc, gray to greenish, one band bl.sh, 13 to 15 ft from top. Limest. layers (massive conc.) in upper 10 and two layers in lower 2 feet. 24,0 3. Limestone, greenish, too, gray silty to sandy with crumbly cclc. masses in upper 18'. Below this sandy interbeds + some pinkstein. 56,0 16

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2. Sandstone ("inkpaper") upper few feet thin bedded some clayey ss + silt, remainder massive x lem. ? 1. Sundzuce. Total Morrison as I see it = 125' if gray clsts included, 80' if it is put in Lzkota. Wieland put his unit 4 (our unit 7) above in top Morrison, but by all criteria now used to distinguish Morrison from Lzkota it is in the Lzkota. Roth followed calling his stuff Morrison.

5,7 28.5 C B A slide X-A 0.8 mi to White wood X = Harper-Sutton locality.

Herpes-Sultan locality Canyon W. of Whitewood Slide cut at A.-Brownworth ss at base may be in zone ss above ostraced shell. Assuming this so it is approx. 25 feet to base of white worth, siltstone ledge. In this interval chiefly wezy, blocky to subcanch. claystone gray, greenish and chiefly purplish red. Peak about 14' of silt exposed has local fine gr ss and blocky resistant beds as well as more clayey crumbly stuff that goes to slope. Locally lower part has shely lenses, or lmin. clstu, in which Bell found ostraccds. Color of these is also mottled pinks (8-11-1, 2+3of-Greg Sohn - at X-2) grays + brownish gray.

5.5 9 49.5 5 19 18 20 57

Measuring up from road gunion 0.4 - ? Limestone layer, conc., weather graywhite. Ostracodal silt layers on top T 11.0 Covered by slope wash - more ostracodal shale to ls. layer T 11.3 Clayrock massive splintery foot, when fresh, limy throughout with layers clayey ls. Much of it weathers shelly - light gray, but much red stem. Scattered ostracods, a few thin concentrated layers of ostracodal ls. - mostly replaced by red fie. W-57-22 (2boys) - upper 8! HL 22.0 Covered - waxy reddish clay float at base. Top in massive white sudy silt exposed in tree roots. HL 45.0+ Chiefly covered, but lower 30 feet shows patches of siltstone, white at base then OB wash of sand then pink to purple weather, siltstone T+HL 57.0 Sandstone cliff forming fine-gr, x bedded + x lzm. few med.gr. str near base - which is covered here 19

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LAKOTA FALL RIVER -> (See below) SS above locally channelling in. 19 to 20.0 Sandstone, silty massive ivory bed. siltst zones weathers gray white with purple stain. Laterally from C on map it does not crop out. HL 6.0t Covered. T 20.0t Sandstone, irreg, thin bedded) very fine grained locally silty. lenses form platy gray wash in reentrants of ledges. Weathers gray with some OB stain. HL 3.5t Covered. 0.6 gray siltstone exposed under overhanging of top. T 5.5 Sandstone, ledge, very fine qr, iv red thin to med bed. Laterally SS at Fall River contact lifts and at D-corzy sh & silt at base overlies red+2m clay which locally has 20

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spherulites, i.e., the massive sandstone lens occupies about all of the upper vericqzted zone of the Lrhota. Locelitics N. Whitewood on U.S. 14 - S D .24. Measured from Rt L turn in White wood. .3 is in Alabaster ss under Morrison, .5 is the ostracod shale 1.0 is in the Fall River - grey shales silty + carb flecs - no ostracods 21

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Fox Hills work July 22- N. Morreau at Rt. 63 - Collection F.H.-1, from float between barren conc layers just W of Rt 63 (small A on map). 22

5.5 5.4 4.8 ---- 15.7

Bluffs on Whitehorse road. Locality I Measuring from base bluff of Trail City (1) 16.5 Dark grey clay shale at base grading upward into silty clay sh and argill. Siltstone, latter in bands & irrey. patches with brownish Fe stain. Lower 5.0 is chiefly shale, silty stuff above weaths to popcorn crust but no vis. bentonite. At top - upper OIBT Zone barren ls cones, grey weath with gray white to pinkish r' rinds. Assoc. with or somewhat within about 2' below these are scattered D. nicolletti cones. All on crop have been raped. Unit weathers grey in contrast to light brownish gray of still later beds above. (2) 4.0 Silty gray & dk gray thickly shale and clayey silt, mottled Fe stain. Weaths light brownish gray. Zone barren ls cones in upper lot similar to those in zone below. 23

(3) 11.5 As in unit below but becoming siltier with minor vfg sand upward At top is zone OB, worth, silty ferruginous ls. concs. with scattered fossils. Consist of 1. Corus chiefly large protoczdia with some others incl- mmmonites (small spheno + scaphs) Sect. 1, Sample 1. 3.0 from top this unit (rbconcs) conc with fossils-Loc I-B. Another worth out about 6' below but presNG. (4) 6.5 Silty locally

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Lzkatz Section 1 Top of Minnewaste limestone 42 5.5 Sandstone, calc cement, in basal foot, grading to clzystone, clc, above. Tan in lower 1/2, [illegible] gray in upper half. 3. 0.6 Limestone, hard, dense, gray 4) Lower foot is dk-gray some tan (Sample 165-unit 4 Model) streaks estrecidal clsti 4 HL 11.0 Claystone, gray to dk-gray and black, clc in lower 4 ft. becoming whxy above. HL 19.2t Obscured by talus & slope wash. HL 13.0 Sandstone, fine-grained, rounded. grains, with zones interstitial greenish gray claystone, some purple, becoming silty at top which is marked locally by a bright green bed of 25

clayey siltstone. HL 6.5 silty Claystone, gray to purplish gray with some light yellowish gray and purple clayey siltst. in lower foot. H.L .195 Sandstone fine grained, with intervals clay loc and some louses light gray silty clay + clay siltstn. No yellowish gray to light gray with local clay pellets. locally weathers pinkish vis so stained in upper 6-8 feet, some chiefly soft but few ledgy even's, which are calcareous. clay pellet zone at base. H.L. 12.0 Clayey sandstone + siltstone in lower half grading to silty, focally, non-silty, clay in upper half. Whole is variegated, gray, purplish gray and light gray. Some pink stain. T 6.3 Sandstone fine-grained, irreg, lam. and cross-lam. light gray, weathers with pink to brown stain. 26

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somewhat silty. HL 14.0 Claystone, gray, blocky, becoming pink to reddish and siltier in lower 3 feet HL 9.0 Sandstone, conglomeratic, irvey, interbedded with study clstu. Med to coarsa, some fine mrxed, with qtz & cht granules + some pebbles up to 1cmx. Weathered cb is soft underlies slope HL 4.5 Sandstone, chiefly fine grv with clayey seams. Weath light gray with pink + purple stain, has scattered zones of w Fe specks throuout. discont, Fall River fm T 0.8 Siltstu, dk gray to black hard bed, HL+T 8.0 Silty shale in lower 3ft grading upward to blocky shaly siltstone. Gray to dark gray, scatl crb frags irvey lam light silt chiefly in upper 5'. 27

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1.5 Siltstone, light gray, hard ledge with interbedded fine gr brown weath ss. Top weathers purplish cpzy. Siltsh, irrreg lcm, 1.5 t Shale, silty, dk gray with plant fregs, and thin lcm, + interbeds siltst in upper part. Locally weathers pink with some conc. Fe et top. 50.01 Evzus Quarry ss, Med gr et base, Massive x lcm, fine gr for most part Minnewaste- T. 36.0 Limestone, in mod to thin irrreg beds, gray, with white ls or calcite in granule-like blobs, Sandy locally with parting of limy sandstone and some interbeds black sh in central part. 0.5 to 1.0 Sandy claysbncr' shale, cclc, dk gray to black with thin lenses limestone, 28

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T 6.5 to 7 HL Sandstone, fine-grained, grading down to sandy clstn in middle part. and into sandstone in lower part SS is loc. clayey, light gray fresh but weathers yellow. T 20.0 SSA Sandstone, fine to very fine grained), x-bedd cross-laminated, weathers gray with yellowish to OB stain. ledge former, THL 25.0 Siltstone, in massive light gray blocky beds up to 1.5, interbedded with silty dark-gray claystone, latter predominates. Siltst beds calc. loc. silty ls, - laterally long fine gr. SS comes in in upper half, at base of overlying SS and cuts to about middle of this unit. From 3 1/2 to 4 1/2 ft above base is limy brn weath. Xlam SS T, 14.0 SSB Sandstone, very fine, grained, calc, crossbedded, weathers yellowish gray. T 2.5 Sandstone, vfine gr x lam with thin interbeds & laminac shaly. grey siltstn + SS T 2.0 Sandstone as in (14.0 unit) above. 29

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Offset to cut above dam at flume head. SS A+B come together at crest of ridge soils between pinchout. T 13.0 SSB. Siltstone, v.fine gr., x bedded, with two zones + of shaly siltstn + ss interbedds and some partings of same. Irregular base in sharp contact with unit below. Weathrs yellowish brown. This unit prob. includes 2.0+2.5 units of preceding sect. at top Overlying it here is red btm weath ss. ledge prob = the 14, ft ledge of test section. T 7.0 Siltstone, clayey, + silty clsty dark gray, blocky texture Upper 1.0 + under ss contains concr. like light gray to cream colored clstn. T 1.0-1.5 Siltstn, slightly clyc, forms massive, crumbly to blocky yellow weath. ledge in clsty slope 30

HL 48.0± (Bdl has meas.data. Claystone, calcereous, dk gray to black, with zones of fissile shale. Some ostracods about 18' and 30' from top, sampled, 2 few silty zones. About bszl 10-15' has limey yellow worth siltst. interbeds. Y { 12.5 Sandstone, fine grained, calc, cross bedded, carbonaceous frags scatt throughout. Lower 1.0-3.0 is breth of fm, ss and carb ss + silt which forms reentrant in ledge at dem 5.0± Sandstone as in 12.5 above. Wash. Offset to N side of Fall River. HL 21.5 Sandstone (SS x above), fine grained, lee calc., zones clstn pellets crossbedded, weaths yellowish grey, 13. 5 chiefly covered, patch silty grey claystone and some 31

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black sh flakes with ostracods. Celcerous. T 10.0 Sandstone, fine gr, czlc, weathers rounded light gray, grading laterally to OB + reddish brown (This is offset to N and section now extends down high bluffs over rd above Unkppepz outcrop) Local sandy clay pellet cyl. 2ft thick begins 1ft above base. HL 18.0 Siltstone, greenish grey, czlc, ground to sandy czlc clay becomes silty is locally T 17.0 Sandstone, vfg, czlc, cross bedded, lodgementer, zoney clay pellets, some moulds wood with czelite filling in base. Weathers pink to reddish brown. HL 18.5 Covered slope, intermittent crops show clzystone, grey greenish nonczlc, upper 4' lower 3 upper 4' silty with lioss. +1.0 from top.

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40.0 Sandstone, v fq, crossbedded, cliff- forming, czlc. Weathers, pinkish brown. Clay pellet zones and lenses, nonczlc clsta, grey green in upper 4 to 5 feet. 7.5 Chzystone, goes laterally into ss grey to dk grey loc slowly 20.0 Sandstone, v fq, cross bedded, weathers yellowish gray, czlc. 19.0 -> 2.0? czlc silty dzlk to lght, loc. n Shzle, n olive gray, ostrzcodel. in pieces, locally silty siltqt. (Sample 165-24 1.5 to 3.0 from top in ostrzcodel stuff) Chkpapa. v+ fq 12.0 - ? Sandstone, soft, white to pinkish grzdes up into overlying czlc. sh, not czlc itself., Lzt becomes clzycn + siltq. forming steep wash slope rather than a rounded ledge. 33

5.5 6 33,0 3. 34

Locality 30 Route 63 Section - N 18° Wt, 2° N. Three noticeably different lith. units, 2 bszl bl. sh. with Festone cones, then qrzy weath. silty sh. with conc. zones, then yellow weath. sandy zone. Section begins in lower 1/2 gray zone - no continuous outcrop to black sh. Part 1. Upper part - measuring up from uppermost bzven conc. zone exposed in Ngulley head. Top uppermost conc. zone. (1) 5.5 Siltstone + vfg sandstone, dirty, dk minerals common with blobs + irreg lzyes silt. sh and sh-dk gray to black. Sh minor but considerable interstitial clay, biotite flakes, non-calcicrous. Color gray, weather light gray some brownish stain. (2) 36.0 Covered + slumped slope on ss with fos. cones. to bzse large RB weath. cones at top, up to 2.5 thick. 34

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(3) 22.0± Covered to crest small ridge N. gully, in ss, Part II Measuring up from just about 50 ft upN,branch, at Y of main gullies. Gulley bottom (1-8) 30.0± Siltstone, grey, clayey, becoming more clayey in basal 3.0. Weathers light grey. Breakdown: this is prob. layer X? (8) 7.5 ? carry layer X Scent white conc. - O Simple KW-1 9 Scent white wolly -O is concs have blue L (5) KT! > Scent whitewesth-O ls concs 1' Am. Fe zone 3.0 Ferrogmous silt thin Fe zone 4.2 weathers yellow-orange (1) basal gulley 9.0 29.7 Contains scattered D. micellati in cisiltst. locally. (Sample KT-1) Offset on up gully. Measuring up from conc. Layer X. (9) 7.5 clayey siltstone as above, with few scattered limestone cones, hard 35

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barren blue-gray interior, weath white. (10) 10.0 Clayey siltstone becoming shaly in upper part. Dk gray, weathers light gray. Grades to unit above. (11) 10.5 Shale silty to very silty, some Fe stain on shaly partings & Limonite stain in crevices. Grades upward to unit above shaley (12) 5.5 Siltstone & silty shale, blocky to poorly fissile. Gray with ferruginous stain; (13) 1.0 ± Concretionary layer. Zone, locally persistent. Cones of limestone, bluish gray inside, white, locally red bru stain, with pizzle-like markings on surface. Chiefly unfossiliferous, but in one small sp. of Sphenodusius. (Sample KW-2) & others (2Betc. (14) 5.2 Siltstone, clayey, gray, as being underlying beds. Weathers gray to light gray. (15) 0.1 Yellow weath. "Sulphur" zone 36

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(16) 9.0 Siltstone, clayey, gray with considerable iron oxide, locally coating shaly partings or as "yellow sulphur" streaks and blebs. Weathers light brownish gray. Locally much saltinite in bladesh rosettes. Also scat. crumbly concretions "cone-in-cone, inner silty centers dark gray" Yellow Sulphur Zone", rare fos. (17) 0.1 Siltstone, clayey, becoming shaly in upper 2/3, dark to dark gray, minor rusty stein. Weathers grayer than unit bracketed by yellow zones. Locally is concs here - 1 bellerinite (18) 6.5 (19) 0.5+ Concretion layer, limestone, blue brown. gray, weathers rusty. Gyp coating on some. Some have yellow calcite crack fillings. (20) 17.0 Silty shale and siltstone, gray, shaly in lower 10 feet which has some Fe steen, becoming siltstone, cloyey above. Weathers a light brownish gray, cub frags in y. pt. Concretionary layer, limcy, but silty light gray conc with conc fragments. Weather: light yellow. 37

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grey to OB, loc. with silty calc rims + some cone-in-cono. 38.

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Whitahorse Road - locality #3 - third knob on rd going N Limopsis ~ Protocadiz zone crops in bluff + road cut. Fzone is from cones in grass roots. Most cones prob. in place, but could be one or two from higher. Secks A undoubted in place, Seck B possibly not. Locality 2 - Turekian sampled this one. From lowest cone zone to nicolleti layer = 3.5 ft red brown layer = 12 ft top bluff with barren Is cones in soil - 20 ft. (1) (2) (3) 39

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Trail City Locality #1 Flat on large red brown cones with large Sphenos. Above to s, are two small hills from which smaller foss. Cones are floating. type B - in float from Hills type A ~~from cones of spheno layer~~ ~~in place.~~ type B(b) - from spheno layer but not positively in place - possible concentrate. 40

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Locality 44 Linton - Seeman Park locality (with K.T. Pierre & Berguzzini's) Pierre found nicolleti conc in place. Following section measured. Part 1 A 2.0-4.0 meters Concretionary zone - most persistent in upper part of ledge. Scch, reddish torusty bnr weather. Concs up to 4' long diam. Matrix is dk gray clayey silt with scars & spots limonite & jarosite. Cons soft silty is to hard ls. - Gervillia (Gnzil) and Protocruzia most common. Sample 1 15.0+ Silty gray shale irregularly, thinly interbedded with silt & shaly silt. Gyp-filled (socalite) fractures. Scattered ls. concretions. Bedding noticeable on vertical weathered bluffs. Fresh cut shows dk gray to blush black clay sh, in thin (up to 0.1) lenses in yellow strachad gray silty silt. Silt bands finely laminated Conc. breakdown Feet below base unit A: 3.5-5+ "barren" hard ls concs with rare scch fossils (I D.P. imprint.) 9734- white surface, "warm" 41

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marked on some bluish gray ls core. 17.0-13.0 - scattered fos, cones, including D. niccolotti type (Samples 2) and Gerullia subtorf. (big one). Base of this unit sharply mkd by termination of bedding, some cones, (incl. big gerulliz (Sample 3) just below it) crustacean silty & clayey siltst, gray to dk gray , blocky in upper half, becoming a shale & less silty downward. Lower slope weatherers to fine light gray fakes. Part II From top RBrone zone to grass roots, it's about 6', 1 ft above cones chiefly dk gray silty sh minor silt, then blocky clayey gray silt, festained with another band shale 4 to 5' from base Note - similarity of cone succession between here and Little Ezylo & Whitehorse sections. 42

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Little Eagle area LE #4 - on secondary road west L.E road where it cuts Fox Hills ridge just N. of ranch (see AMS LE4. 10c22 Pictures here - Roll #1, 2, 3 and 4 of tzb. x-bedded, x-lam sand which contains big spheno and the discospathite in LE 4 sample. Foss. very rare. Also good exposures of Timber Lake above this to SW in hill. Rt 65 - on Grand River - Roll # 1 5- Timber Lake memb. on N. side Grand River SW Bullhead. 6+7- Bluffs of Moreau on Rt. 65. looking NW, Timber Lake on Trail City. 43

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Loc 32 S side MOROZU - RT 63 First bluff west of bridge (old MR-3) Lower half of exposure about 30'+ of dk gray to black bentonitic shale capped by 0.8+ bed bentonite (locally may be shaly). Upper half, measuring up from bentonite, is as follows T(1) 0.8 Bentonite, shaly, silty, yellowish-green-gray weathers to black popcorn. T(2)/16.0' Shale, dark gray to black slightly silty slightly calcareous & fairly silty with 0.5 zone with four few Fe stained silt laminae 3.0 to 3.5 from top. Lower 6'+ slightly bentonitic, weathers to semi-popcorn crust, is blocky when fresh, upper 10 has shakier break weathers to smooth slope with flakes - a brownish cast locally. (3)/11.5 Shaly, with scattered, flat, oval limestone coons, most of which are broken but some of which contain zirconites (South Morozu 63 Sample I, types A & B). At base is 03-1.0 Limy silt and soft silty limestone, weathers light gray crumbly, has scattered limestone coons. Upper 0.5 is silty with laminas-weathers to white streak; oil orange bentonite is locally 44

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present, about 0.5 from top. Concretions most plentiful lower 5 or 6 feet, weather gray white, flat to spheroidal, some with 'wavy' markings on outside, tubes within. 7(4) 12.0± Shale, dark gray to black silty, blocky to splintery below becoming fissile and chippy in upper part, grading to unit above. Locally, but not consistently reacts to acid. A few 1/2" cones as in bed below lie in row locally at 4' from top. 7(5) 10.5 Shale, fissile weather., black, noncelcy weathers light bluish gray, look somewhat siliceous. Contains scattered spherulz, small, with selenite crust & fracture filling. Cores react weakly to acid. Weathers gray with some ferrug stain. 7(6) 4.3 Highly calcereous gray to brownish shale and shaly silt. Gray silt shale top & base, conspicuous bedded, brown cslc silt makes up bulk of unit. Whole is finely laminated, much finely commutated shell & org. matter (Sample 2) 45

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(7) 0.1t Bentonite, orange wash crumbly, (8) 7.0 Shale, calc., laminated + fissile below becoming blocky above. Gray wash to brownish gray loc. Terraced gravels & silts. Loc. 31 North out of Moreau, about due N of preceding section 14 Very similar section. Approx of lower part and more details of upper given below. Bentonite used as base is still 50't above river level and another occurs about 25-30 feet below it. (1) 0.8 - 1.0 Bentonite (2) 15.0t Shale between bentonite and basal row concretions in conc zone. (3) 15.0 From base conc zone to upper end is conc beginning gy p scyteriz in sh. 46

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(4) 13,0+ Chieflly the bluish chippy sh to the sharp change from nonczlc to czlc (5) 6.0 Czlc shelly gray to black shelly with gray to light gray calc shelly siltst. in upper 2/3. (6) 7.0 Similar to below, preceding unit but more of z silty sh. Thin (<0.1) orange wash bentonite? at base and 2.0-2 above bzsc. Brown blocky at top. (7) 1.4+ Bentonite, olive-gray, (8) 4,2 Shelly, dk gray blocky czlc in lower foot, becoming shelly lighter gray in middle 2ft which contains visible forams. (sample 1). Upper 0.1 is olive-gray bentonite. (9) 7.5 Shelly, dk gray to black czlc., change in weathered appearance begins top this interval. (10)/9.0 Shelly, gray, loc, ferruginous stain, weatheres to light gray slope with sheltered OB terrug, cones. 47

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This interval pitted at intervals. It is slightly calc - possibly where it has forums. Besel part is darker, more calc, grading to unit below. Top at interval at glass roots which are held by concent. of OB weathering coins. These have calc cores - no fiss, are small and shatter can weath to small OB pieces.

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Fox Ridge east of Porelo - No good exposures. Fox Buttes (see Choyenne Pos. Map) are breaks, not buttes. Include Trail City or equivalent transition beds with barren cones - though no good exposures and TC-Elk Bulte contact not seen. Top of divide S of Mossman contains fossils, Lower Timber Lake (in sloly phase) Upper TE cones which we collected at Charles O'Neals ranch where they are floating out at edge of flat. Some prob, in place or near it. [Loc 29] Loc 29 Bluffs of Fox Ridge south of Eagle Butte. Loc- Old locality 14 on S.D. 63 overgrown, but cones in cuts and as float in bluffs. Southernmost hill on road (to right - old rd went around it on W, new on E.) contains some fossilic cones. Its probably a slump block. Sample/ S.D.63 So. US 212 has numerous complete of them small species. Check to see whether this form localized in Fox Ridge localities. Loc 33 On back road roughly 11 to but 3 miles east of Rt. 63, better chance to 49

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work out succession of concs. where road splits, one part going sharply up steep hill on Lzuty-type SS in place with many large concs atop. Some collection (Due S. Eagle Butte loc.) from these beds. 50

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loc 12 Skeleton section - Loc. A of ridge N. Whitehorse. Base in Prowe - Elk Butte Zone smell OB to O wezth. sld. concs. 1 20.+ Shale, gray, finely silty, yourzlc., which grades to blocky, slily shale, loc. shely to blocky silt in upper 4 or 5 feet. Scattered smell (up to 0.8) between ls cones gray cores 2 to 4 ft from top. 2 12.5 Siltst, clayey, loc. shily, with 0.5 to 1-0+ zone at base mottled yellow-jarosite. Gray, weathers light gray, studded with spherical yellow jarositic spots. Some large broken cones in basal 1 or 2 feet - silty te jackets with evident bedding loc. penetrating to ls. core. 3 1.0-2.0 Zone red-brown wezth czle. concs. This is peanut brittle zone but loc. all cones barren. 4. 11.5 Siltst clayey gray as in 2 above but few yellow spots. Largely covered no cones seen in place. 51

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57-14.0 Siltst, becoming sandy, loc 2 vfqs ss, clayey mottled gray + brownish weathers light brownish grey Scattered brown red brown weath ls concs in upper 4.5 Grass Roots. 2' top bluff A248 Cap of bluff contains float of highly fos. concs. - small Protocruzia- Pt. necrezcusis layer(s) - Coll. Loc. A Coll#1, also contains Eutrophoceros and B. bullosa A249 Float of ammonoid conc. - Nicollith zone. prob. Loc. A Coll #2 Statutory section Loc. B - Ridge N. of Whitehorse Shale slope in Elk Butte - about 20' gray fissile shale slope into Gully, capped by 5'+ popcorn weath. bl. gray (bentonitic)shale, then about 7 feet to zone smell OB to O weath. concs. Scattered large OB cones in shale throat. 52

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17.5 3.8 15.3 ---- Zone swell OB wezth cones. 15.0 Covered - wash on shale slope. Upper 3.8 was trenchd, is Shale; dk gray to gray, becoming progressively more silty upward, is finely silty, few red frags, specs. Grades to unit above Siltstone, clzgy, loc shaly, wezths light gray, tough blocky holds u/vhczl fccc. Breakdwn of conc layers follows Above b2se. 3.5 - Swell bezren cones - concent Loc B, col #1 bands stein. Gyp gze kafs. coll 11a chiefly bezren or big pterias 8.0 { Large cones, is, gyp jackob bezren. This lowest cone. Loc B, Col #2} betw. 8+18' Also swelle coll 11b scet ones, Big Gerullius. 19.0 Red brown conc., is, some with peznut Britlly. Loc B, col #3 Local lush fauna. coll 11c 53

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Notes on Whitehorse Ridge localities Ridge is a series of blocks. Some obvious slumps but at least one fault normal to ridge which is upthrown to E bringing Pierre almost to ridge crest along the whole E end. In this area (Loc's A, B, + C.) lower Trail City and contact with Elk Butte well exposed. Not as good as the Whitehorse road locality because fossils not as common in conc. layers beneath peanut brittle zone. A barren interval lies between peanut brittle cones and the upper Trail City fossiliferous zone. Latter not definitely found in place but fresh float on bluffs at B and C. C = loc. 10 At end of ridge is small bluff[sppd] bc peanut brittle layer - contact here is obscure, one zone barren cones betw pb. + Elk Butte sh. no yellow zone Next hill W has float of upper cone zones and, on W side small flat on pb zone. Third knob (Loc. D.) has zone red brown cones above contact fairly well exposed but too much slip for section. Coll. here seems in place. 54

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10C6 10C7 Localities G+H cover first 2 bare bluffs east of mile fence. G. has upper fess, comes in place in sand H also has them, 2nd on E side at base has contact and nicolleti gervillia + peanut brittle zones but these can't be tied in with upper part of bluffs, because of slump. 55

loc.8 loc.9 Whitehorse Ridge Localities I and J. Fox Hills contact as along road, change coming at "yellow sulphur" zone. Both Nicolleti and Peanut Brittle zones in and fossiliferous, but soil slip covers over between latter and the barren cone zone which holds up the bluffs locally. Between PB and barren some float with rb garvillia cones. Above barren is float of fossilif. cones of the small "protocruzii" and P.nebrascensis. Locality I section-- (1) 10.0-? Shale, silty, dk. gray, becoming shelier downward - Elk Bully - zone smell ls cones about at change top this interval. Worth gray (2) 18.0 Siltstone clayey, minor silty sh. grey to brownish grey, weathers a very light grey, loc.2 skelly silt, is highly silty, loc.2 skelly silt, chiefly blocky, ferruginous with jivosite balls of yellow sulphur beginning 4.0 above base. Breakdown 4.0-7.0 Greatest concentration of jivosite 5.0-8.0 Levge cones, with thick- grey to dk grey punky 56

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jackets and ls, cores. chiefly brown, Nicollti conc. in one of those. type but higher. 17.0-18.0 Red br weath, ls, concs of peanut brittle zone, Loc fossilif. Locally at 18' from top is Nicollti conc in piece same type as those in 5.0-8.0 zone Unit is irreg, bedded with pidsofthis+that (3) 7.0 Clayey olive gray siltstone with minor OB Fe stain in joints. weathers to light, almost peevly grey, contrasts with unit below. Chief change is uniformity and lack of the irong splatches (4) 18.0 Slopecwash, upper 7.0 is vfg, lite yellow brn-weath frizzle ss of typical Fox Hills type. From 7 to 10 ft from top zone rb weath concs, same brown but others similar but not def. tied to this zone are germaniferous (Loc I Sect sample 1) At top is zone large bevrcl rb. + gray weath concs that form cap of butte. These are 0.5-0.8 thick but may.be 57

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ama 3 or 4' in dozen locally in or very close to this horizon fossilif. cones. One cone, (Loc, I - Seci Sempio 2) seems by place this zone,

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Box # 9. (Key). Layer 1 = Spheno + D. nebraskensis from Leuty dmy 2= Loc. 2 mi S. Bullhead, Zone C 3= " " " " " ", Zone B & possible zone B float 4= Bullhead, Float chiefly above Gervilliz Zone, except as marked 5= McLoughlin Rd cut # 2, Coll. Be Box # 10 Layer # 1. McLoughlin Rd localities as marked " " # 2. High Bank Cr. # 1 from single conc in float. " " # 3. Miscell. in sects as marked, also - Butte N. Green Grass, Coll's D, E, and F. X Box # 11 Layer 1. Rt 63 gravel pit S side Mowed River 2. Butte N. Green Grass, Coll's B+C 3. " " " " " Float Coll. from section site . 4. " " " " " Float Coll. by Jon to S. of Butte 5. 1/2 Butte N. Green Grass Coll. A 1/2 2nd rd cut N. Little Eagle Coll A Aug 26 Box # 12 59

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Box #4 Bergmann's and RT's samples Upper 1/3 - float from Rt 63 locs. A-LA-2 all above large brown conc zone. Top - Miscellaneous as marked. Box #5 (Keg) Seeman Perk, Linton, N.D. as marked. Box #6 Layer 1 - Whitehorse loc. H, miscellaneous. Layer 2 - Various lots from Whitehorse ridge localities G.H.I and J as marked. Box #7 Layer 1 - Whitehorse ridge Loc. I peanut brittle, plus 2 lots, marked separately, from Loc's I. and J. Layer 2 - Whitehorse ridge Loc. E and some F, type C, -plus 2 few szechs as marked. Box #8 Layer 1 - Whitehorse ridge loc. C type B float. 2 - Szechs as marked Whitehorse ridge locs A + B. 3 - US 212 sphenodiscus 60

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Fossil shipments Box #1 - Layer 1 (ascending) Whitehorse #4 2 Lzntry rdz 3 Whitchorse #2 4 " " " #3 5 - Miscell. - (Whitehorse #5, Trail City #1, d South Moreau 63, No. Moreau 63) Box #2 - Lower half of box - 2 slabs from Redwater sh. memb Sundance fm N. of Hulet Wyo. Whitehorse Rd Loc. #1, Section 1 Samples Samples S. cut Moreau, Wof S.D., ( Others in Box 1.) Samples from Rout 63 section. Middle Layer Gervilliz conc. horizon in 2nd cut N of Little Eagle. Top layer - Eagle Butte zone Cloth Bag - ou 63 So. of 212 Others - bluffs on rd 3 mi E Rt 63. Box #3 Layer #1 Nicollet conc 14 pl. 2nd rd cut. N of L, Hle Edgle Layer #2 O'Neel Ranch, Mossman + Whitehorse IA conc Zone 3' below Pezout brittle. Layer #3 Miscell as Mkd- W. Little Eagle Rd cut #1 Whitehorse 3 float Dog butte oysters Layer #4 Gravel pit material 1629 F.H. no loc. data. 6/1

Skull Cr. Sh. Fall River fm. L A K O T A Upru Claystone unit SS Massive siltstone Claystone unit Bedded ss unit Ostracodal sh. E.ls SS. Grey clst. Morrisson Green clst

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