[Journals], 1908-1912

Andrews, Roy Chapman, 1884-1960; American Museum of Natural History; Andrews Alaskan Expedition (1908); Andrews Canadian Field Trip; Philippines Expedition (1909); Japanese Whaling Expedition (1910)

1908

American Museum of Natural History Library

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Whales Scientific expeditions Andrews Roy Chapman 1884-1960 Andrews Alaskan Expedition (1908)

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Vancouver Island B.C. Apr 25-'08 (i.e. June-Aug. 1908) Alaska Aug 1-27 IRVING PRESS 119-121 East 31st St., New York For a duplicate of this Book order No. 55366 Roy C. Andrews American Museum Natural History New York LIBRARY OF THE FOR THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY PEOPLE FOR EDVCATION FOR SCIENCE AMNH LIBRARY 100043795

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On June 9, '08 at 4 o'clock in the morning I was awakened by a knock on my door + the words, "It's former school mate Sign. The "Ocean" is ready to start simply go." I jumped on my rubber boots and did oilskins and was soon out on the wharf where a small boat was waiting to take me -- to the steamer. It was a beautiful morning, and as we sailed down the Sound toward the open sea, there were great patches over the far-away sun-capped mount- ains, drove long plating paths through the fog which hung low over the water ahead. There miles of steaming among the little wooded islets of [illegible] brought us to Cape Horn while gaining the entrance to the Straits of Magellan, and we were soon riding the long swell of the open Pacific. Ahead of us the fog hung like a great white blanket, but the wind which soon began to wash the top of the waves into white-caps gave promise of a clearing away this mist ere the morning was far advanced. Mile after mile was registered by the whirling log which rolled in the water behind us,

and when we were some thirty miles at sea the Captain told me that we were then on the edge of the feeding grounds where we could expect to see whales at any time. Hardly but the words left his mouth when the man in the "barrel" at sternmost began singing out "Whales on the port side. We looked to our left; there was a faint mist just dissolving in the wind nearly half a mile away -- all most instantly another cloud of vapour shot up into the air, and then in a whirl of white water the whale rose, "Humpback" said the Captain but he's all alone; it won't gay to chase him." The steamer kept on ahead, and we did not see the whale again although from the bridge with the glasses in my hand I saw the water on every side. Evi- dently the great animal bob up found the little sea-shrimp on whi its feeds (which float just under the surface of the water, it was "on the run" as the whalers call it, looking for new grounds. Twenty miles more and no whales in sight, and the wind began to freshen. The light

steamer rolled, + pitched & tumbled as she plunged into the great waves, her decks washed by the water which swept across her at every plunge. "Sea-sick" asked the Captain as he saw my face begin to lose colour and my hands grasp the rail of the bridge to steady myself. "A little" I answered, but the half had not been told, for few are the men even those who long used to the sea who are not put "under the weather" on their first day on these little rocky-isles with nothing shakers. It was three o'clock in the after- noon before the man in the barer again but "Whales ahead". I made my way forward along the pitching decks, climbed the steep ladder to the bridge and stood by beside the Captain, "There they are" he said pointing at the starboard bow, and looking into the distance until I could just make out four or five spots far out to sea, and a little further one and another spot appeared on her port side followed by the "flashes" of tails of a large whale. This whale

sprained, & then went down head foremost drawing the fluke out of water, throwing them half off the surface into the air. That a surfplowturned said the cap can as we swung the steaming leaves toward the place where the whale had disappeared. A signal for full speed. The little were plunged through the waves & was soon down upon the long slick of smooth green water left by the steer as it sank. Then we stopped waiting for the whale to blow again. However we were deceived to disappointment, for no sight or sound of the animal was again obtained. "He's travelling for feed" said the captain & missed him - we see that their fellows are diving." The other whales, which were humpbacks could be seen floating at intervals on the starboard side, but were moving fast; this was a bad sign for it indicated that food was scarce if the animals would be back to feed. And such was the case we found, for each time when we heard a whale, aft

one active spout, it would sink and not be seen again. When diving these Humpbacks started head first under the water, slowly the back until came into view, then the dorsal fin, the pelvis - only once did I see a Humpback draw the flukes out of the water, or this dive the back was "humped or rounded so that the part appearing above the surface had the form of an arc of a circle. When first appearing the animals would usually show with just the top of the head showing, disappear and in about thirty seconds rise again for another spout. On this second spout though the body was shown above the surface, the animal dove in the manner described above. Once twice I saw a whale blow three or even four times before taking the final "big dive", but twice was the usual number. The length of time under the surface varied considerably and I did not find this exactly by my watch, but it was from ten to twenty minutes. After nearly two hours of chasing first one, then another of these school

of Thunmbacks the last one was long way off and we steered ahead in search of more. Twenty miles were passed, scouting for seventy miles or so to sea, before we were rewarded by the sighting of another whale. This time it was seen close on its starboard side and seemed to be feeding. Hastily I followed the Captain from the bridge aft to the harpooning gun where with camera in hand, I braced myself against a rope. The steamer was pitching furiously and when she climbed a huge wave to plunge head foremost down an eighteen foot it was all one could do to keep his feet, clinging to the rope with one hand, of which only the downward from the flying spray) handle of my camera was left. After this the whale should reappear. Suddenly the Captain said thus he came on the part bow not looking in its direction sufficient I saw the water begin to smooth out in a large green patch about 10 yards away... Almost instantly the whale burst into view, sending his spray to be length of the gun ten or

fifteen feet under the air, evidently he saw us far below again, in a second without another blow away to reappear again some yards astern. At each time, he blew, his act was accompanied by a kind "surking" sound such as would be made by a person drawing the breath hardily thru' half-closed lips. Again he came to the surface, and on the starboard side, and to the noise of his single sprout sounded like the muffled clops of two great hands. This after while he cleared himself never near enough for a shot or good pictures, and seemed to be enjoying the game of tag he was playing within, to with delight except. Then he dived threw himself clear out of the water, showing even his tips of the clubs, spalling back with a resounding slap like the reparting of a gun. Once his head of thick throat back to these fins were thrown out out of the water but always beyond the range of either gun or camera. One hour and after he had been down

10 an unusually long time, the [illegible] just during the storms were into quite regular periods, and while one night under our starboard bow. He was [illegible] as he veered, the crash of the harpoon was heard, but a great wave cut through the steamers bow into the air at just the wrong time, and the [illegible] harpoon did not reach its mark. This was all known for we did not see the whale again. We remained out all night as it was too far to run into land that evening, but the next day was rough and no hunting could be done. Coal was needed so we came back to Selkirk, reaching there about two o'clock in the afternoon. Summary: [illegible] Actual number of tries of sport - 2 sport ranging from 1 to 4 - Sport from 10 to 15 feet high as near as could be judged - Sport always accompanied with noise, such as usual is made by a person sneezing in the breath forced with bay closed lips - sometimes

my 4 point bands like muffled clap, 7 bands. Each always lifts an inch when whole goes down - also just up be used to surface - Short larks into this pit shape - Flashes away shows my on whole time swim. One lump locks themselves clear out of water twice. Length by turns under water 10 & 20 min.

12 exfurse Aug 8 to 16 350 sun & just right Humpbacks July 5 - 08 Flukes usually drawn out of water when diving but many times first many of the whales I saw had the flukes white below - other black abo- & below - Several times I saw two whales apparently standing on their beaks throwing their flukes from side to side & lashing the water into foam - this was done several times. These whales were blowing continued & not staying under water very long when diving - The spouts were usually about 10 or 11 feet high & the first time of the whales re- appearance at the surface, was the largest & highest - Several times I saw a whale spout close to the vessel, & saw that the blowhole was distended greatly during the operation. (see photo) & the blowing was accom- pained by a loud "huh" - The whales by this action seemed to be in pain to a certain extent

The steamer had come in late in the night and as she must take an early start next morning it was 9 o'clock on the morning before we got away from Durban. It was a beautiful day with a light westerly wind blowing in from the sea just sufficient to ripple the tops of the waves into white froth as they raced past us. The mountains about Durban and Langgen were very beautiful with their changing colors of larkspur, dark purple above the clouding of fish benderch was an aun down the sound past the little vil- lage of Siwash huts at the entrance to the harbor and were soon rising on the long swell of the open bay if a heavy fog was banked onto close to the edge of the land but half an hour running just as beyond the gray wall of mist, to the blue water stretched away to the sky line. I was on the bridge with the Captain when after an hours run, the man in the warrel shouted, "Whale on the star- board side!" "How many" asked the Captain. "Four" said the looker and they are moving fast." That was a bad sign, but the vessel now ran

pointed in their direction, and the signal for fire, and almost at once watching the harpoon line I distinctly saw a column of spray shoot up into the air, then swiftly tangle itself. The whales were coming in our direction and soon we were right among them. I stationed myself in the bow beside the harpoon gun while camera in hand waited for re-appearance of one whale who had gone down for the first time. Soon I saw the long smooth slick of green water which showed that the riball was coming to the lift I could swing my camera in that direction, the huge animal burst from the water sending a column of spray high into the air. He was diving again in a second but the Captain said "watch the starboard bow sir here comes one there I think". Hard had the words left his mouth when a cloud of spray was sent with our very faces as the whale were right under the bows. During my camera about I pressed shutter just before the crash of the harpoon gun sounded, and during this flash.

high into the air its whale went down dragging the heavy line behind it, & in an other instant a muffled roar was heard in the water then the line being straight hauled from the vessel - The tender had expended & the whale was dead with hardly a fight for life. Then began the slow towing process by the steam winch dripping the whale to the surface - when it appeared at the steamers side a chain was made fast to its flukes by the whale breast & tail foremost nip on vessels side. Tunnels then with long handled whale spades set to work to cut off the flukes, for as they yield little oil & are an awkward thing to handle they are seldom lost in to the factory. Frontone fluke was severed & thrown into the air dropped off into the water as fast for the sharks; also by two men's sides were at work with the harp but soon died was long sharp pointed & whale camy in the tube was guided well down into the bladder, gave the signal to turn on the air was given & the whale was slowly filled with air - a spear pointed shaft with a flag at that end was then pushed into the animals side, the air lets go & the carcass gradually

We picked up at the end of the days hunting. By this time the whales had gotten together - were all around us - on every side, spout after spout into the air & the water was white with foam from the carbing fleches. Once I saw two months off already standing on their heads in the water, turning their tails from side to side as if in play. Again a big fellow rose on the port side, no close - but beside the Flanner that the gun could not be turned down, and blew it an my face. A bunch of the vessel threw me off my feet just as he was coming to the surface, but scrambling to my knees I snapped my camera just before he got down. Catching him with the flippers still distended. At his due was away a short arm & as the steam rose swirling about he came up right under the bow - "Look out" yelled the captain, and at the wild downwards came the crashing roar of an gun; the whale threw his flippers high in the air shoving them as thin he would throw off the stage barrows, turn back downward & dive. The huge lines and - the rollers as fast one after another were not with the terrific rush

"the whale," "we'll have to strangle him," said the captain, "or he'll take all our line-- he bit him too far back." The bradey [illegible] was set firmly right at first, thin by thin and thinner, and the line tightened till it seemed as tho' it the brands would part. As the whale was checked in this reel, the steam steamed forward, I was tired with wonderment; for then the water, how-- our the great train soon began to feel the struggle of the whale, he black-- cast his speed and almost stopped. "Free speed on the whale," said the captain, and as the line reeled in the whale was drawn slowly toward the boat. He was blowing continually now, the spray of his spout tinged with red; a not a great mass of blood going from out his spout-- tubes--"He's almost done for," said the captain, "we can land him from the bow."

No.37 Sulphurbottom July 6-08 Kugqueet B.C. Color Top of head back to insertion of fins clear slate blue (not as usual) on sides of back just above first forward to a little beyond eye is an almost white area of very light blug gray from eye to can this area is very narrow triangular on both upper sides. A point opposite the jaws there is much more lighter color than dark - it is broken by the darker blue gray in only a few places - from perist to fleches sides of federncle has more dark lighter color than dark light - the lighter markings are heaviest on the upper side of the federncle - from anus to fleches the lower edge of the federncle a little way up on this side is flecked & dotted with fine light markings - navel to anus mid-ventral line is clear gray un- marked - a white patch at navel - Right ramus of mandible is blue-gray. gray - sides of throat extends backward line is slate which extends backward nearly to the insertion of the fins - this makes a rather narrow dark band or color around the throat of the whole. from fins back, lower sides, breast belly are blue gray - throat & breast very quite thickly marked with lighter gray flecks - from fin running diagonally

downward + backward is a thick line of white markings nearly to mid-ventral line - the white markings are mixed with light gray areas - penis dark brown with gray at base - distally slate blue. Pectorals Below white with a light gray patch at insertion - along tip + ant edge of distal third are white - rest of fin above slate - Abdomen + bustles + roof = worth deep blue black. Inside both horns have upper half slate - lower bleeds white - tongue blue slate. Notch of fingers 18 deep + 26 wide at top V Osteology 15 chevron (one) - 1st chevron is small represented by only the right lamina - thi chevron is solid bone - no sign of the left. The 5th chevron is best but higher + broader distally of the series - 4th is almost as large as 5th but much narrower distally - 15 per spines. Cy D/15 S/15 Ca.29 = 66 (size) The terminal cardal is the size of a vertebra fully ossified - 1 - 2020 10-10 27-103 2 - 905 11-1.05 28-58 3 - 423 12-5'95 30-8 4 - 528 13-733 31-32 5 - 356 18-915 33-18 6 - 270(?) 16-463 34-148 7 - 15'60 18-519 35-330 8-110 20-74 41-190 9 - 19 21-19 42-42 23-106 43-34

no.42 J. Sperm July 18-'08 Kyguat B.C. Color Top+side of head, back+sides to flukes all dark chocolate - The upper liffe for about 2 feet from ridges up the sides of the head are white - the white grades into the dark of the head gradually, the [illegible] being light deliberate. - The deeper jaws is white on the sides with a few very narrow blushedate dashes - belw (margin)the dashes are so thirk that the white is excluded except in a few places - the white extends back to a letter beyond the conver of the mouth following each ram of the mandible as they begin to curve out- ward / from the symphysis - the dark of the throat runs up in a triangle betw the prefrontal ridges of the mandible - from the [strikethrough]anterior end of the mouth to the tip of the sword ain the inferior median line is a rather narrow, irregular band of white, streaked with broken lines of [illegible] chocolate - these lines radiate outward curve +backward on either side of the median line of the sword - Below the belly is dark chocolate like the back except at navel - here there is a large solid piece white patch; this patch sends arms outward + backward which surround the penis - the white of the arms grades off on the sides + at the ends into gray

shadings - all the white lines about the mouth are covered with a yellownish slime, which is easily rubbed off with the finger; there is no yellow pigment in the dermis. On the side a grayish area ex- [illegible] extends from [illegible] to [illegible]. There are one or two small grayish patches just below this band. Upper jaw Inside roof of mouth is whitish- purple proximally grading into light brown distally - inside lower jaw is white tinged with purple proximally - The tongue whic[h] is very small and can just be seen when looking into the mouth is gray-green in color - it is stiff and like the [illegible]' [illegible] deply corrugated everywhere. Lower jaw The lower jaw is rounded asymphysean at the distal end - widens only slightly from distal end to point of branching of the ramus. Breathy lower jaw at given distance from tip are as follows: 2 1/2 from tip is 30 wide in the upper 100 " " " 3 1/2 " jaw there is an 2 00 " " " 4 0 " indentation in width of lower jaw is 2 0 - which each tooth fits. The teeth are not placed exactly opposite each other on the topside - alternate. The edge of the upper [illegible] is 4 thick; it is rounded. The distance between the corners of the mouth is 16 8

head & snout - The head is elongate square ended - that edges round off gradually at the end of the snout - proximally the sides of the snout swell out to ---- the eye. On the top, from the base of the skull to the snout its sections is very slightly concave - that is, the base of the skull & the snout are a trifle higher than the central portion - The snout in the center is 141 wide; it is 324 deep & the width of the upper portion of its snout is 91. A little about the center of the snout two deep [illegible] wide depressions run back- ward & downward - the width of the snout between the ends of these depressions is 69 - The depressions mark the anterior half of the sphenaceth "case"; it becomes narrower & shallower as they go back- ward, finally being lost [crossed out], on its very top of the snout there is a small rounded eminence, on the left side of which is the blowhole - A cross section of the snout looks like this: - top 1/9 cent. from the corner of the t mouth forwards there is an [illegible] both sides of the upper lips a marked transverse depression or crenature 2 or 3 inches long. In the very center of the top of snout is a shallow depression running bottom

from opposite the posterior end of the blow- hole forward almost to tip - The diameter at eyes which is the thinnest point of the whale is 273 [illegible] (straight) The whole head is smooth a little back of eye on top to just to eye on sides. The rest of the body is covered with many broken ridges running nearly parallel - the largest of these ridges are directed obliquely upward - ridges are almost prominent between the eye & corners. On the belly, the ridges are very prominent but are further apart - a low central median ridge runs forward from arms to a point nearly opposite the insertion of the pectoral where it is lost. On the top edge of the peduncle from the humus to the flukes are many bosses & crenulations, such as are found on the Hempback only more prominent irregular - There are two creases on either side a little behind the penis insertion. On lower edge of peduncle, from the posterior edge of its arms a great rounded hunch rises abruptly. This hunch swells outward abruptly just behind arms; it is bounded on either side by a deep depression; the hunch is deficient a

28 little way behind the anus, it becomes last near the flukes - it ends like this, (see min) a cross section is like this: polar folds There are 7 well marked creases on the throat - between the rami of the man- proximally. These creases are of varying depth & sizes lengths, some being much more marked than others; they all run fore & aft; they cover an area 1/35" long. Only four of them measure are 3 cent. deep - Rest all shallower - Humph. The hump is an evenly rounded eminence 2 in high; it looks like this: Blowhole Measures (straight) 36 " . (curved) 37 The blowhole is curved like this, C it is on the left side of the tip of snout; its center is 8 6 above the center of the longitudinal depression marking the case. At the site of the blowhole rises the low rounded eminence marking the extreme summit of the snout. Plubber @n side of head plubber is very thin - only 2 thick - between the pectorals it's 22 thick - on sides of the pectorals it is 14 thick. Plubber is very hard & tough - It was hard to flense the whole -

"Case" The longitudinal separation on either side of the upper half by the suture marks the anterior portion of the spermaceti' case. The case occupies the whole upper third of its head, + extends from the tip of its svent back to back nearly to a point opposite the eye - the case nar- rows gradually from back to front + is entirely covered by sinews, about 1 cent, wide, which run longitudinally. These sinew-ropes are many layers deep + not stretched very tightly. The methods of opening the case was to strip off the sinew-ropes until nearly the bottom layer had been reached. Then a trough was laid having one end at the head & the other in its tail. The "head-end" was. The case was then plugged by a whale-knife + the oil started to run out - The spermaceti' was thin enough to run freely & the case contained all thru' it jelly-like masses in with the free oil - these masses were picked out with the knife. Where all the oil had run out which could be gotten from this one section, the cut was made larger & the oil + jelly-like masses, run & bailed out from the remainder of the case

The jelly-like masses are all taken off while care is, with the oil, but could be taken out in great lumps with the spermaceti. The following meas- urements of this case were taken after it had been opened, so I could determine exactly the whole extent. The spermaceti length of case cavity = 5"80 coiled down when depth (up & down) " : 145" cool air tube, it looks then like paraffin - only not so hard. Fifteen barrels of pure spermaceti were taken from and the case alone - the spermaceti yielded from the whole head that was 40 barrels (including that in case g all that was taken from the fat on its head). The whole whale yielded 90 barrels of oil - including that taken from the bone, meat, blubber & spermaceti. The case from above looks like this: The spermaceti feels off very easily; it is in several layers. The dermis also can be stripped off with little trouble but is soft & they easily peeled apart.

Flukes One edge of the flukes where cut off of an Eskimo looks like this - it is nearly an acute triangle. The ant. erior edge is almost straight except just in front of insertion where it is slightly convex. At the extreme tip the ant. edge curves to meet the joint, & the two edges form a blunt tip. The posterior edge is very slightly & evenly convex from the tip to beginning of notch - the post. edge is & wide, thick - it is about the same thickness for its whole extent. The notch is deep & its post. edges curve almost abruptly to form it - the edges overlap - notch is 42 cent. deep - The thickest part of the flukes is 11 from the ant. edge - it is 20 thick here. This cross section (which is near the insertion) is 138 in ant.-post. dia- meter, 70 cent. from ant. edge fluke is 20 thick. The greatest length ant. parts of the flukes is 161 - The flukes almost below are dark chocolate like back - there are two small grayish patches near the insertion on the superior surface. Pectorals almost as velvety black - dark chocolate Right - Tip wheel phrenures = 148 (lesser greatest) = 86

32 Left (tip to head humerus) = 148 " breadth(greatest) = 81 Osteology skull Sample 5.60 Breadth 220 garo Length(straight) = 490 " (axially) = 5.00 " symphysius = 304 depth proximally of left ramus(greatest) = 60 straight 25 teeth right side 24 " left " Ribs 10 ribs, right side " " left " - the extra rib on the left side is only 1 foot long. Chevrons 13 chevrons present - 1st is very small & fine distally - w/ spurs - 2nd is very high & has a spur 89 long + 17 wide distally. - 3rd is highest of the series - its spur is 43 long & 22 wide distally. The 3rd is only a little higher in the series than No 2 as it stands, its position. The spur of the 4th is 39 long + 27 wide - like other whales, that chevrons decrease in height & increase in distal breadth as they go backward

the series Vertebra C7 D/0 Sq Ca23:49 same I do not count the vestigial bearing the rudimentary rib on the left side as a dorsal. Possibly 14 caudals might be counted for the last vertebra is composed of certainly two, possibly three, ankylosed bodies; it is a trans- gular block showing the ankylosis of two bodies very distinctly. I am of the opinion that the ex- treme dist (dorsal) i.e., about the size of a hazelnut) is a separate verte- bra, such as is often found in other whales, but have not counted it as such. The end of the last vertebra is 10 cent from the bottom of vertebral fender. Pedal I dissected this flipper very carefully; length of flipper from heel of hind foot to tip 7 inches right to 14 8. The last phalanx extend clear to its edge of the flipper. Metacarpals = 4 - The metacarpal of the last (4th) digit is forked proximally, the central fork being composed of two portions connected by cartilage - The pisiform process from the side of the carpus is an oblong bone some long.

The formula for the phalanges is: I2 II4 III3 IV5 and these as in the bird they should have next to the ferguson bone. Digits 2-3-4 have a very small terminal phalanx only 20 mill long on digit 4 the space between the phalanges which is filled with cartilage, diminishes somewhat distally - between the 4th metacarpal and the 1st phalanx of that digit it is 25 mil. There are 5 carpal ossifications - lateral in the distal row + 2 proximally Humerus Radius Ulna The radius & ulna as both firmly anchored to the distal end of the humerus - so firmly that the end of either bone can not be determined accurately - the ones given below are as nearly as possible correct lengths humerus. 245.0 mil " radius = 370 " ulna = 270 Breadth radius distally = 190 (or) " ulna " = 200 " The ulna has a very well marked ole- cranon process - this is 110 mil long + 130 mil broad at the distal end. Scapula Left [?] External surface is deeply concave - The spine + prescapular fossa are indistinct - The suprascapular edge is irregular.

convey - at the coracoid border, and rapidly, it drops abruptly. The acromion is long & expanded distally being smooth. The coracoid is long rather slender & expanded distally. Height = 810 mil. Breadth = 690 • " glenoid fossa: 200 " Length acromion = 340" Breadth " distally: 260 Length coracoid = 270 Breadth distally = 85- Humer. Forearm is heavy & strongly curved distally a cross - section looks like this ▣ - it is somewhat flattened proximally; it has a large heavy ubercle & a short thick neck ending in a blunt point which may be called the head. Length (straight distal end to center of tub): 1120 " curved : 1300 Breadth proximely = 240 distally = 310 Sternum. The sternum is irregularly tri- angular in shape, while the point downward where its position. It is composed of at least two subjoined por- tions - possibly near. On the center of the upper portion there is a large oval opening - the center of the sternum.

36 is greatly thickened & its whole lower portion is rugose - the distal end is square, the outer surface is convex the inner concave. There seem to be articulating surfaces for four ribs - however this can not be determined exactly: Length of sternum = 1260 mil. Breadth (above) = 1170 " (below) = 160 " Thickness in center = 250 " Length of opening upper half = 20.0" The stomach contained remains of a shark jaw or five feet longt a great number of cuttlefish heads together with the parts of the body of several large squid. 1 - 1830 21- 24 and-pst. length of finp = 111 2 - 1/40 22- 478 notch of flebes = 42 decs 3 - 570 23 - 125 sound to corner of mouth = 6/10 4 - 630 24 - 253 prier sheath (craze) = 8-8 5 - 70 25 - 251 quads and. finy. breast 6 - 810 26 - 28 17 flebes is 2/61 7 - 1235 27 - 108 width of patinels at plebes 29 - 34 section is 5.0 12 - 470 33 - 40 13 - 605 34 - 200 16 - 750 35 - 222 16 - 550 41 - 240 17 - 1040 43 - 7 18 - 148 ns. of teeth righ = 25 19 - 78 " " left = 24 20 - 81 exposed to topy lower flus = 140

Finback (very young) No.38 ♀ July 6-08 Kygust B.C. This whale had not been blown up and consequently lay at its heavy end under water all night. This hauled out on a ship the next day the whale's belly was almost completely eaten away by sharks so that it was impossible to get color or external details of this part. Color Top of head left side dark slate edge of abdomen right side is light gray Back & upper sides to dorsal fin is dark slate - sides of pectoral from dorsal back flukes is lighter blue gray - other going backward from d. fin the blue gray comes fainter & further down toward median line but never gentle reaching it. Left rannae dark slate like head - Right rannae light blue gray as is right side throat - Central portion of body from chin to flukes white - the white gets narrower narrower in median line as it goes backward. The lower half of sides from fin to anus, white, insides of throat from corner of mouth back bottoms of furrows are dark & folds are blue white. Rest of furrows on breast & back are white like folds - Sets of pectorals have same

38 Pectorals above ground color is same as back - ant. edge white - above fin in diagonally streaked with fine lighter lines not quite touching posterior edge. Below fin is cream white - [illegible] fin portionally fin is divided with light gray Dorsal Fin is queer like no 34 (see left) Tongue above slate blue - below salmon color has the central portion Fleches below very light pink marked with bluish - The tip & ant. part, edges are slate lined with lighter color for about binder frame edges Below - white portion right side is 7/8 long Pectorals white except very small part where they are all light gray Inside left frames white - right slate This finbacks was, not blowen up at all Osteology no 38 15 provides 1st chevron small & not joined distally but complete - 2nd. high - 3rd a little lower than 2nd & 4th & 5th same height as 2 nd others get smaller gradually - there were 16 chevrons in that series of 27

39 looks like this in position 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Vertebrae C7 D15. F10. Ca20 = 63 sure Shell length straight = 3/11 Breadths (squared) = 18.5- jac - length straight = 806 curved = 3/81 1=1360 12-405 24-13.0 2=560 13-450 25-13.2 3-262 15-650 26-16 4-326 16-360 27-70 5-228 17-924 28-26 6-440 18-167 29-25. 7-980 19-162 30-5- 8-63 20-36 31-17 9-6 21-27 32-13 11-3 22-280 33-2.87 23-70 34-5.8 41-130 42-21 Humpback Calf No 39 - 9 July 11-08 - Kyegust B.C. Color: Considerable white in streaks on median line of throat + breast fins - white of fin between fins - many heavy white spots & circles on right panner "pepper salt" from median to flukes back top of head orders black - Hinge of dorsal fin in 8.6 ans and post. length - back lightly crenulated - fluker very far Bumeries of balen mostly dark gray - ant portion & the rear

40 longitudinal central band are light gray. 1 - 870 2 - 560 3 - 198 4 - 237 5 - 154 6 - 320 7 - 573 8 - 43 9 - 15- 10 - 7 11 - 1.8 12 - 233. 13 - 258/ 14 - 267 15 - 400 16 - 297 17 - 570 18 - 234 19 - 265. 20 - 74 21 - 14 13 - 81 26 - /8 27 - 65- 33- - 6 34 - 72 35 - /64 36 - /2, 37 - /3 38 - /91 39 - 50 40 - 103 42 - 26 43 - /8 snefisherbottom No. 110 21 July 13-08 Kyegwart B.C. A lightwhorl - top of head to ear dark slate - from ear to pectoral back & upper sides, all solid light blue gray - lower sides from tip of pectoral caud back to dorsal fin is light blue gray marked with darker gray - from dorsal back to pectoral, the whole of the peduncle except the very top & bottom edges are solid light color. the upper & lower edges are darker gray. Below chin lips throat to opposite eye are slate like head - from eye to navel a blue gray - the furrows on this part are marked with many dove colored markings, occasionally a white one is thrown in but mostly dove colored. Spots of lower sides come down & meet between navel & penis - a little white about penis to anus on ventral line of body, & in a number of places where the markings are thickest on the folds, just below

back of fin, the bottoms of the furrows are feints in spots. Pectoral fin below white with a very few gray ish markings on distal third. Above gray brown at insertion then slate & distally white - ant. 1/4 foot edges dark ish distal third is whitish. Flukes above color of peduncle marked with white lines - below slate like head with a few lighter lines in one or two patches. Dorsal fin Sides for whole length at base are white shading into darker at upper half - tip slate. Pectoral Right above lobe left - below white - on the proximal half in the median line in the middle there are two large masses or spots of fine gray lines. The lower third remains have the upper halves bleish - white & lower half slate. Baleen + rostrum month black - whiskers very thick tongue blue slate. 28 pairs on symphysis 7 on left side Tops of head - 18 mm to baleen ( ) The lobe of the flukes of this whale is a triangle. The ant. edge is straight & the posterior slants rapidly toward the tip to meet the anterior. Osteology 18 1/2 chevrons in series - 4th chevron highest

42 5 this almost as high - 1st free entirely the last Chevron is represented by only one flaring on the right side C7 D,14 F/6 Ca 28 = 651 sure 14 pro. less - the last short jaw which is nearly found loose locking pieces; the last pair of this blade were long. Shoulder Length: .045 cent Breadth: .200 " Jaw Straight = .320 " curved = .345 " Scapula Left Height = .875 mil Breadth = 1.375 " " glenoid fossa: .320 mil Triple acromion (median) = 440 " " (lower edge) = 450 " " coracoid " " " = 180 " The suprascapular bone is flattened in the central portion & dips sharply posteriorly to the glenoid edge. Anteriorly the dip to the coracoid edge is gradual. The ridges radiating upward from its bottom on the inner surface are indistinct except for one or two. The outer surface presents two great concavities on either side of a vertical median ridge - here the scapula is so thin that the light shows thru. The acromion projects downward slightly & is strongly curved inward. The coracoid projects strongly inward & downward.

43 1 - 2225. 11 - 23 27 - 97 2 - 1030 12 - 635. 33 - 13 3 - 4651 13 - 786 34 - 151 4 - 580 15 - 1008 35 - 261 (?) 5 - 400 16 - 525- 41 - 153 6 - 765. 21 - 19 42 - 76 7 - 1690 22 - 467 8 - 122 23 - 114 9 - 18 24 - 235- 10 - 10 25 - 254 26 - 24 Humpback Footus No. 41 of July 08 Kyegunt D.C. Measure was 4 to foot long. 5 inches from border to mount top of head 8 " edge prostruma left side (alternately in a lower row) 9 " " " " " " " 22 total 6 inches on left ramses of mandibles 5 " " right " The coronal process of the scapula points inward. The humerus is convex on the external face and concave on the inner. A careful dissection of the left pectoral of this footus yield the following rather surprising formula metacarpals 4 phalanges I2 II6 III3 IV2 These measurements are in millimeters. 1 - 15-40 mm 14- 27 - 120 2 - 970 13 - 515. 28 - 40 3 - 360 1A - 639 29 - 36 4 - 458. 16 - 470 30 - 10 5 - 230 17 - 970 31 - 43 6 - 610 19 - 415. 33 - 5 7 - 1100 20 - 110 34 - 110 8 - 95 21 - 35. 35 - 255 9 - 29 22 - 320 41 - 180 10 - 15- 23 - 140 42 - 38 11 - 1 24 - 275. 12 - 598 25 - 275. 43 - 23

No.43 July 18-08 Kyegust B.C. Selfherbottom Color black slate - back + upper sides to flukes almost solid light blue-gray broken in any are or two places small patches by darker gray - All the features is. light color excepting a few darker markings near ventral line. Many white flecks + spots on folds of sides of belly from ins- ertion of fin backward diagonally to navel white spot on navel - the belly markings are mixed with gray, only one or two reach the mid-ventral line. This below white - above slate with many of the lighter body markings for whole length of fin. Flukes below very light gray lined with white - in the central portion of the distal 1/3 the white becomes predominant. 1 - 2385 2 - 1010 3 - 570 4 - 635 5 - 460 6 - 805 7 - 1810 8 - 128 9 - 13 10-11 11-1 12-6510 13 - 810 15-1/050 21 - 19 27 - 116 42 - 39

no.44 July 20 '08 Kyegurt B.C. Gulfburbetter Color Head to eye light slate - eye to ear small fins spots of light - ear to fleches back + copper side almost solid light bluegray - only a few darker markings - Throat light slate like head - from fin insertion back are many dove colored markings on folds with now + then a white one (are or two of these dove colored and something) The markings on folds seem to take 2 distinct areas - one from root of fin downward + backward along reaching the median line- the 2nd from opposite the tip of the fin downward + backward along edges of the folds to navel - spots do not quite meet between navel & penis - There are many of this "heart like" markings on all the pectinele to found to off. navel this whole seems as there are the Finbody. Lower sides of peduncle are like upper only having a very few darker markings near ventral line - white patch on navel - + creas Pectoral Right below is white - many fine gray markings on the distal half - almost all dark slate with a few of its gray body markings. Tip, seems, to have been injured - it is very then narrow + sharply recurved. Left fin is like right. Fleches above light slate like head finely marked + lined with broken light gray - post edge dark slate - Below fleches are white

so thinly lined with gray as to give the whole general effect as light gray - the front edge is solid light blue gray - the tips of both lobes have been injured - are irregular - look a this they had been chewed off. Dorsal fin is white at anterior base & sides - farther back the white shades to grayish & then to slate at top - dorsal fin is lined with fine lines like this - tips is solid colors outlined length of dorsal is 78' (as closely as can be determined) The larger lines start on the very center of the ant- erior edge & sweep upward & backward on either side from the median line. Fin's length = 185 circumference at base = 91 Fin creases run out of corner of mouth. Center of eye is 274 from ant. insertion of fin - The end of the longest creast which runs up on left ramus is 185' from anterior end of eye 1- 1325 2- /000 3- 520 4- 642 5- 475 6- 810 7- 1790 8- 137 9- 22 10- 10 11- 1 12- 650 13- 800! 15- /028 16- 535- 17- 1520 18- 364 20- 50 21- 21 22- 540 24- 265. 26- 275' 27- 118 33- 19 35- 373 38- 500 39- /20 41- 214 42- 44 43- 66

Leaving Kyungast B.C. on July 24 I proceeded by boat to Albernie B.C. which is in the center of Vancouver Is. Being reached Albernie in the evening it was necessary to stay all night there, & in the morning in company with a young travelling sales man, I took an auto for Nanaimo a distance of 60 miles. The ride is one of the most beautiful I have ever taken. The road winds in & out among mag nificent fir trees, which reach a height of 200 feet in many places, gradually ascending meanwhile till near summit. Take it is over 450 feet above sea level. I reached Nanaimo at 8:15 P.M. in time to catch the train for Victoria arriving there at 6.20 P.M. After spending a few days getting my stuff packed & shipping negatives & specimens to New York, I left Victoria for Seattle on Aug. 30 & spent the day & night in Seattle leaving at noon on Aug 1st Saturday for Junean Alaska on board the S.S. "City of Seattle" met several college fellows with their wives mostly mining Engineers bound for Alaska ports & we formed a jolly party. We touched at Prince Rupert B.C., Fort Wrangel, Aleut, Ketchican, Petersburg, Douglas City, Treadwell, & reached Juneau at 9.30 on

the morning of Aug 4th. Fortunately I found that Mr. Street was in town, & I soon found him. We boarded together, & then ran over to Deadwood on the Canada, where we had a chance to go thru' the famous mining works. The evening spent pleasantly at the The afternoon was half gone when we returned, & called on Gov. Hoggad, at four o'clock. The Governor is a very pleasant man & after an hours call came back to the hotel, Gardner. The evening Mr. Street spent pleasant at the home of Judge Folson of Jamean. On the next morning at 3 P. M. we left for the Ubalay station at the south end of Admiralty Co. in Nursner's Carr. The day was cold & rainy & in the evening a heavy fog settled down. As usual a part of the engine broke & we were delayed several hours when we were just fifty miles from the station. We finally got under way but had a tasty time as the wind from the floating icebergs was cutting & the rain & fog cold. However after con- siderable difficulty we got to the station at 11.30 P. M. & were soon,

draining a lunch. Mast's Finback 9 Aug. 8-'08 Tyee, Alaska Almost top of head, left side & back + upper sides to flukes is neutral tint -- upper sides back as far as opposite vulva as like back, grading into the white of belly gradually. The sides of the peduncle shade from the neutral tint of the mid-dorsal region into a light gray with a shade of bluish-gray. Below which left side, from summit to navel dark -- the upper portion of the left side has both folds & furrows dark slate -- the lower half to navel -- ventral line has folds light slate & furrows dark. The gray of the sides of the peduncle comes down farther & farther toward the mid-ventral line as the flukes are approached, but so that from anus to flukes over a narrow band of white two or three inches wide is left on its way near -- ventral line. From insertion of fin + a little backward, this white area extends downward & backward to shade of belly -- very distinct -- A band of its lighter gray of the sides, about three feet wide, runs from across belly -- the post. edgeband is at navel -- the band in the very central line is whitish. From navel to anus the belly is pure white. Right side edge of rostrum is blue-gray grading into darker.

up to median line, (that was so dark on or left side). This lighter slate extends back as far as opposite eye - it then grades into the neutral tint of the back. From corner of mouth to tip right ramus is light blue gray - the folds of are upper half of right side blue gray + ferrum slate - the lower half of right side has folds pure white + ferrum slate - flush pink! This white of the folds extends way back to the gray band across belly in front of travel. Pictures below white lined with fine blue gray in no regular pattern - above dark slate like head - and edge white. Flukes above color of back - below white in central portion finely lined with bluish gray running ant-post + curving inward like those on Sweepflounder tail - both ant-post. edge + a little way toward center below is slate blue. Tanger is light purple below + slate blue above - during left ramus has upper half light gray + lower half white - Baleen - bristles of baleen are dirty white - white portion of right side is 93 long. there are 114 plates in white portions. Baleen typ 19 from Dorsal Fin is slate like back - dorsal & foldate like others. "same heart-like markings on sides as

peduncle as in other Finbacks. External Measurements: Broad begin 1-1803- 13-520 35-300 2-775^ 14-560 36-38 3-380 15-810 37-30 4-465^ 16-420 38-390 5-330 17-1200 39-80 6-600 18-181 40-3/2. 7-1385^ 19-53 41-162 8-86 21-39 42-32 9-16 23-89 43-72 10-8 26-22 greatest breadth and first 7 pleura = 102 Depth notched .. = 19 Length white portion of balance row = 93 Meatplates in .. .. .. 2/14 Length fin (up to pountment) = 14/1 No 46 Aug 8-'05 Finback Tyee Alaska. Color: Left side top of head + back slate + down to level of fin slate or neutral tint back to dorsal fin-- from dorsal fin to pleurae only the top edge of peduncle is neutral - Below left side from fin to mid ventral line has furrows all dark - from fin halfway to center line folds are slate - rest of folds to mid-ventral line are white - the change from slate to white on the folds is gradual - From insertion of fin the two reserved areas of white extend forward & backward (same on both sides) Right half top of head is light blue slate gray which extends above blowholes, backward to opposite ear + downward to a little below level of eye - the edge anterior posterior of side scutum is very light - rest of back + down to dorsal level of fin is neutral tint like other side - Right ramus is light blue

52 gray - throat, breast & belly from mid-ventral line to level with fin is white - furrows all dark from fin halfway to central line of body - rest of furrows to central line are flesh color - the only dark folds on this side are from fin to corner of mouth & four or five folds down. The gray of the upper side, comes down from nose to a line drawn from tip of fin laid back to opposite angles - below this line all is pure white - From angles back to flukes the blue-gray of the sides of peduncle comes down except just in median line. Peduncle & side has "hust like" markings. Flukes like head above - below all white except for narrow margins of slate at both edges External Characters 21 white hairs in 2 medial rows on symphysis like on Daphnella botton - 8 hairs left side top of head from opposite blow hole to mouth - center of eye is 2/2 behind corner of mouth (mouth pucted wide open) 1-1700 2-795 3-340 4-420 5-304 6-558 8-79 9-12 10-9 11-2 12-470 13-660 14-765 16-4/30 17-1/36 19-177 20-50 21-35 1/2 23-81 24-20 27-82 28-40 29-40 30-5 31-24 33-25 41-148 42-26 43-68 Length Fin (tip to peduncle): 1/38 Depth notch of flukes: 1/6

no.44 Aug.10 Tyee, Alaska Finback Color Right side top of head is light slate grading into white on anti edge - left slate color ex- tends back as far as opposite eye + downer to eye; up to blunderbuss - rest of back + sides above to level of fin [illegible] off opposite solitary is all slate is neutral or slate color - fin dorsal to, flukes top of peduncle is same color - sides below level of fin from its insertion's back to umbra is pure white like belly - from under both the sides of the peduncle are gray shading into the white of the median line - Right runner white at tip, shading back into very light gray - the edge of lip is slate. Seven folds from fin downward are light slate + furrows dark - rest of folds to mid vertical line are white partly with dark furrows + partly white furrows - 20 [illegible] at top of fin down are dark. The arms of white are well marked. Left side has top of head neutral like back - rump + lips neutral. The furrows of the entire left side to mid vertical line are dark - Thirteen folds from fin down are slate - the remainder shade from- slate to pure white near center - white "arms" well marked. Many "bottle" markings on sides + peduncle. Peduncul Left below is white for the proximal 2/3 distal 1/3 (except anti edge) is dark gray lined

with lighter. Above fin is like back - 6 shallow creams run up over fin at last 1/3, then 1/2 way to ant. edge. Flukes above slat - below white in central portion - wide margin posteriorly below slate gray - narrow margin anterior edge in gray. Dorsal fin is slate like back - very high & falcate & notched 29 hairs 2 ant long on symphyses in two vertical rows almost parallel like this ( ) - The posterior end of specimen lies lower than anterior end when in position. The under edge of the rostrum right side is pure white for the length of white portion of tailcen - rest is slate. 1-20 10 26-24 2-830 27-104 3-470 38-15- 4-518 39-43 5-380 40-32 6-705 41-180 7-1550 42-40 8-99 43-56 9-13 10-9 11-10 lengths white portion of tailcen = 1/6 12-550 defects notch of flukes = 20 13-560 lengths of drain from lower edge symphyses = 89 14-600 Tip of snout to beginning of baleen = 18 15-910 Pectoral tip to ant. insertion) = 248 (exact for 16-460 fin was pulled out at right angle 17-1360 to body) 18-176 19-651 20-46. 21-46. 23-94

55 No.48 Humpback q Aug 11-'08 Tyee Alaska This whale contains a foetus 15'7 long Color Tip of head back sides + belly black - belly has a few fine white specks - sides of throat + breast black - in median line there are streaks + flashes of white running to a crestback of fins - the same spots between fins as in others - a few circles under left rumors - Fleckers below black at insertion + rest white flecked + dotted with white. 1- 14'10 13- 365 20- 7 3- 340 14- 390 31- 32 5- 270 15- 5'8'' 33- 7 6- 5'35'' 19- 429 34- 126 7- 930 20- 114 36- 18 8- 63 21- 25 37- 34 9- 19 23- 104 43- 26 10- 9 24- 23 11- .03 25- 59 Depth notch of flukes = 26 12- 340 28- 59 No.49 Finback q Aug 14-'08 Tyee Alaska Color Right Top of head right side, light slate gray - this light color extends up as far as blowhole, backward to offside car + then downward + backward to the region immediately above first fin where length of fin itself. A very narrow band of dark (neutral tint) runs forward + downward from center of back mid- dorsal region to eye - all back + upper sides to the level of fins + as far back as tip of fins (lower back) are neutral tint [illegible] bent of back to flukes is light slate.

while grades into light French gray on the sides, right corner white spot near corner of mouth where it grades into light bluish gray - all of the folds between the fins right side are white + 17 furrows from fin root are dark - remainder furrows to mid-ventral line are pink - as far back as where the white of the belly extends up sides as far as the level of the fins; from there back to flukes the light French gray of the sides comes forward to flattening down gradually excluding the white except near mid-ventral portion. There is a little more of this mid-whitish white than usual as the gray of the sides does not come down so far as on the other Finbacks I have seen - all over the peduncle are many of the usual

57 backward sides are sent down from a little back of fin insertion - being the whole bar the whole breast between fins while the 'opercula' are the dark color with the light part of light into the dark as usual. Pectoral 1/2 shown is neutral tint - below white family shaded much at tip of joint edge of anterior 3/ light fin above patches of the light color of the right side of my head Flukes below white except for a very narrow posterior edge of blue slate about 2 inches wide - an eight fold near posterior edge area few shades of blue slate. external characters dorsal fins is very falcate - it is like back fin color (light tinted) S 47 white bars or rays plus arranged in two parallel double rows at top which evidence at bottom & become scattered. Balcan white portion 120 long - breast, said white 1-1901 2-900 3-3951 4-490 5-360 6-685. 7-1463 8-87 9-18 10-10 11-9 12-540 13-570 14-598' 15-850 16-465 17-1280 19-246 20-58 21-33 23-96 27-82 28-51 29-48 30-6 31-25. 34-101 36-40 37-31 38-390 39-851 41-15.9 length fin (post. med. & c.): 1751 42-39 43-68. Depth notch of flukes = 15'

58 no. 503 Finback Aug. 14-'08 Tyee, Alaska. Color: Dorside (top) of head + back as far as end of fin (laid back) is neutral--rest of back + dorsal side light gray slate--this color grades into light gray [illegible] an sides--the gray of the sides offanity comes down to within 1/9 of navel--rest of belly white. Syrtrium neutral + from symphyses to fin insertion, the upper half of throat is neutral--the lower half of throat has ferrrows dark to mid-ventral line + folds white--between the fins there are 20 dark furrows--the remainder to the mid- ventral line are flesh. The white "arms" as well marked run as follows, breaking the gray of the sides; the anterior arm runs from root of fin downward + backward to a point about 1/4 fin feet in front of navel-- The posterior arm runs from tip of fin laid back to 2 feet in front of navel--The sides of the peduncle are thickly marked with light lined + "burst-like markings"-- The white of the central portion of which runs to the very tip of symphyses-- Right side of rostrum to including fin is light--there now dark line running from back to eye was present-- Right canines anteriorly white shading into very light gray posteriorly-- Right side has upper half of folds very light gray--lower half folds white.

furnous are pink fakes below white - post. edge (narrow) neural anterior edge shaded with light gray - Palem-breets white except posterior part in where they are gray- Roof of mouth light pink - Osteology 15 pars Ribs 15 chverera - the 1st free distally, but only- lased, posternary, to the 2nd which is high - 4th is highest of series - diameter of throt at

line are flesh-colored - from corner of mouth to fin (upper side) & fields are blue gray shading into white lower down - the two are no or prolongations of light gray come down on sides - the light gray of its peduncle on both sides comes down to within 45° of each other opposite anus Left side rump + back as far as tip of fin (and back) is light neutral rst of back to flukes gray shading into the lighter gray of the sides - peduncle is conced with the "heart-like" markings - left rump + upper half side of throat is light neutral - Eleven fields left side, below fin are gray & ½ numerous dark rst of fields white & numerous flesh- colored - from sympysis, the same number, but are darker than others between fins above Pectoral right, distally is white slate + prox- imately light gray like right side rump Below it proximally white shaded with gray - distally light gray. Dorsal fin slate 7 (see anyway) drawings + noted at base Flukes below for proximal 2/3 are white except for the slate markings become under in its distal portion wholly excluding the white in its distal 1/3 over & the tip is darker than all -

Baleen - whiskers are solid white except in posterior part of rim where they are grayish. Eye pupil = 2 centi diameter iris = 4 " " Hairs 23 white hairs and 9 ptychopis 1- 175.5 11- 4 26- 76 41- 160 2- 8.30 12- 49.5 27- 89 42- 39 3- 35.5 13- 6/5 28- 43 43- 32 4- 44.0 15- 820 29- 40 fin tips, sheath = /06 5- 32.5 16- 406 30- 4 " white post of baleen: ? 6- 580 17- 1200 31- 30 93 plates in " " 7- 1360 18- 234 33- 30 depth notch = /9 8- 86 19- 206 34- 51 second tabery of 9- 24 20- 81.5 35- 325 baleen: /6 10- 10 21- 26 fin (tip to post, mierching): /61 No. 52 Finback of Aug. 19-'05 Tyee, Alaska. Color Right side posterior + sunder sides to flukes are light gray - mid-dorsal region to flukes is neutral tint- a narrow line of neutral runs from mid-dorsal region opposite base of fin forward + downward to eye - upper surface of right fin light gray like head - from fin to underburn the light gray of the upper sides comes down to a line with the first shades off into the white of the lower parts. From vulva to flukes the light gray comes down further toward toward the mid ventral line. Right ranns white distal half shading into light blush gray proximally - from corner of mouth to fin 18/less dist + 20 fins.

62 between fin all folds are white + 20 femurs dark from insect's off'n + at top the TWO dark horns are well marked left ramus + upper half of throat is neutral 1/2 dark folds betw'n insertion of left fin corner of mouth - all folds below fin are white - nearly all femours to mid- ventral line are dark - s Dorsal fin -> neutral tint + has part- margins at base notched like no. 54 defects of whale are white + femurs flesh-colored External characters - 4/1 white hairs of supraphysis s on right ramus about 10 inches apart + following curve of bone - 11 hairs right side top of head on the low ridge betw'n edges of postern + median line - these last hair, as the other just bes'd, whole. The folds on the throat are 34 mil. inter- neters between fins, 42 mil. j'th point of navel 70 mil. navel is 22 cent. long 4 hairs left ramus 1- 1860 11- 7 23-95 36-39 3 - 385 12- 5/5 26-/8 37-28 4- 474 /3- 5'35. 27-89 41-170 5- 342 /4- 570 28-50 43-74 6 - 628 /5- 860 30-7 length suprae out=110 7 - 1450 /6- 420 31-28 put up to part, used. )= 175? 8 - 89 /7- 12450 33-22 9 - 16 /9- 209 34-130 /0-/0 28-36 35-3450

no 53 Sandercock 7 Aug 20-'08 Tyee Alaska Color: Ruffs and rump brown + uppersides in- cluding fin gray - back (median line) is light neutal. - Ruffs on a very light gray (almost white) from corner of mouth to insertion of fin, nine folds an light gray + 16 feathers as slate - between five to mid-ventral line four folds are gray + 16 feathers as slate - rest of feathers to mid-ventral line are white + feathers feather color. Ruffs rumps neutal + upper half of throat - feathers below fin median ventral line all white + all feathers an dark except five at mid ventral line. The usual "bust like" markings are very plentiful all over the sides of this whole- great patches of brown shine all over shoulder fin - this shine would give the impression of being fragrant, well it is spread so evenly over the body - however the spandrels goes off & below the first layer the usual gray color to be found. Pectorals Right above light gray + below white shaded with gray. Feathers below in central regions are white - a narrow margin of the outer 1/3 of feathers are slate - above feathers are neutal. Sweat has been

64 rounded & is blunt & squared 1 - 1730 11 - 3 29 - 45 - long white portion 2 - 760 12 - 475 30 - 51 of balloon row = 85 3 - 340 13 - 615 31 - 28 4 - 455 15 - 790 33 - 20 5 - 325 16 - 403 35 - 375 6 - 570 17 - 1160 38 - 365 8 - 95 21 - 39 39 - 85 9 - 18 27 - 90 41 - 155 10 - 8 28 - 45 42 - 35 43 - 60 No 54 Humpback 9 Aug 20-'os Tyeck Alaska contained a portion about 12 meters long (it was taken) Color Black, top of head & side black - belly is black save for a few white flecks along edges of folds - left ramus has over two or three circles, somewhat an it - a few large circles & dashes on either side of throat anteriorly - circles & dashes in median line of chin throat breast to pectorals. (this median line of white is narrow) The usual white spot opposite pectoral in median line of breast. this white spot dies mostly into two funous but is very distinct Pectorals left above black with four white circles - right fin below white with a narrowed margin of black and wide - a little black at tip also.

65 Flukes below are black with a few narrow markings + bars of white - above black- with wide & shallow Dorsal - wrinkles have base & tips light brown posteriorly - anteriorly the tips are dirty gray as is central portion of dorsal - External Characters anterior insertion of fins is 123 behind corner mouth " " " " " " 117 " eye " " " " " " 5-6 " ear The ear is in a direct line from the post- erior corner of eye to the anterior insertion of fin - Hairs 27 hairs on top of supraphysis - 14 left - circular left corners - all bearing hair - 20 on left side top of head (count. ing center line) + all bear hair (on the center row of tubercles from blow hole to tip of snout there are = 37 The distance between the tip of upper snout & its tip of lower jaw is great, but neither seem to have been injured - the chin is prominent. Folds on throat are 90 mil. wide; 140 mil. between fins; 170 mil wide in front of navel. The furrows are 25 cent. deep. Dorsal fin is black.

The pectoral fin of the 2nd 'knot' is 19 in thickness. The inside roof of mouth is very light purple - bar is slate blue. There are a few of the 'knot' like mark- ings on the sides of this whole - The pectoral fin of the whale was extended at right angles to the body as measurements of length from left to and 17 feet. subsections are ex- act: 1-1345 11-05' 23-115 42-515 2-800 12-312 27-110 43-20 3-340 13-348 33-9 greatest breadth of 4-405 15-040 35-2.32 plumes (and feet): 1/30 5-275 16-428 36-20 length of fin up to 6-518 17-850 37-30 posterior: 390 7-905 19-420 38-345 8-66 20-105' 39-80 9-27 21-24 41-122 10-8 No. 55 Finback Aug. 21-'05 Tyee Alaska. Left side resturant mid-dorsal region as far as tips of fin (and back) neutral blot - rest of mid - dorsal region to flank t supersedes to opposite dorsal fins are light neutral - sides of peduncle from dorsal to flukes is lighter gray - the light gray of the sides slants backward rapidly from opposit

arms to flukes - opposite arms the gray of two sides, are separated in the mid-ventral line by that white area which is less so cent. wide - left side has all finsures to mid- ventral line dark slate - for the first 6 folds between below fin insertion are slate-next white and due's side to mid- ventral line - from symphysys to fin 13 folds are dark - the arms of light color from insertion t tip of fin are well marked - the left ramus t upper half of throat are ventral. Right side returns light gray to opposite ear- remaining portion of upper-side fin- cluding fins to opposite top of fin (loid back) is gray - rest of back t upper side like left. Right ramus white excepting posteriorly where it is very light gray - 14 fimmurs are slate next flesh- colored - first four folds below fin are dark - 8 folds between coneraments + insertion of fins are slate. Flukes white in central portion having both margins slate t tip also slate - dorsal side head. Pectorals above left is light ventral- Below Pectorals anteroody are same white

posterior one-half is tinged with grayish. The numerous membranes in the roof of the mouth is white tinged with light purple. Harris 27 on syrinxleyis in vertical rows. many of the "beet-like" markings on peduncle 1-18/10 2-945 3-400 4-490 5-360 6-635 7-1400 8-92 9-15 10-12 11-4 12-490 13-605 15-780 16-406 17-1175 19-190 20-35 21-40 23-85 27-98 28-451 30-6 31-30 33-20 34-175 35-185 41-178 42-37 43-62 ant-part. length of dorsed is 90 length fin tip to postem membranes = 167 length white portion of baleen = 108 No.56 Finback 3 Aug. 21-08 Tyee Alaska (Party vessel) color Right carlins very light grayish anteriorly - 11 dark folds between fin tip and ventral line - "rings" very distinct roof of mouth deep pink. 1-1870 3-405 5-370 6-650 8-89 10-10 11-3 12-500 13-600 15-845 16-550 (?) 17-1245 18-235 19-212 20-551 23-95 25-49 42-44 greatest breadth of flukes = 1/2. length fin tip to post. insert = 185.

69 no.57 Finback ♀ Aug 22-'08 Tyee Alaska, Color Right normies light gray - folds between fins white - 19 dark femours - a dark whale 1-1815- 2-780 3-390 4-480 5-335- 6-6/0 7-1365 8-85- 9-19 10-10 11-8 12-5'14 13-5'40 14-5'75- 15-838 16-460 17-12/0 19-195 20-53 21-38 23-89 27-75. 28-50 29-47 30-6 31-30 33-20 26-38 37-25 38-375 39-80 41-170 42-63 43-5'0 faintly to port. measurements: 160 no.58 ♀ Finback Aug.22-'08 Tyee Alaska Color left side nostrilium + mid-dorsal region feathers light neutral - upper sides a little lighter - Left normies dark slate as at the extreme upper portion of throat-side - 20 femours dark from fin to mid-ventral line; the remaining 13 are flesh-colored - 7 folds between fins are dark - rest plate white - its areas of dark color are well marked - from anures back the gray of the sides carries well downward toward mid-ventral line- Flukes, below have only narrow margins of slate - the central part being pure white. Pectorals, left below white - only a

70 little grayish at top - above this is neutral. 1-1720 11-10 27-50 37-26 3-360 12-520 28-37 41-160 4-440 13-560 29-40 42-37 5-315 14-580 30-5- 43-66 6-587 15-805 31-25 Find (up to partment) : 120 7-1345 16-420 33-20 8-82 17-1190 34-100 9-13 21-20 35-290 10-5 23-83 36-37

That we have within us today the largest mammal that ever existed on the earth or in its waters is perhaps to most of us a fact now [illegible] known. Not even the largest of the giant reptiles, to Dinosaurs, which splashed along the rocky borders of inland seas three hundred million years ago, could match the colossal bulk of a blue-finned ton where great numbers of which are taken on both coasts of North America. Although for more than a tousand years the history of these great mammals has been woven into the sea-going annals of the maritime nations of the world, yet today their habits & specific relat ionships are being to be known. It is believed that whales differ from land mammals, for in structure & functions of life they bear no close resemblance yet from what particular group they designated is uncertain. Like the mammals of old earth they that bring forth their young alive, more than 1 from a considerable this without milk from their own bodies, and breathe air by means of lungs. When a whale comes to surface his first act is to expell the air from his lungs

I take a fresh inspiration. This air-sat- urated water was poured at a high temperature, which when it strikes the cool outer atmosphere condenses at once forming a column of steam or spray. This is seen to a constantly height+ Thus has another the animal actually spouts water from its blowhole or nostrile. these water would air breathing animals live in the cold water ice-filled water of the Arctic ocean? Nature has protected for them wisely by covering their skin with a thick layer of fat or 'blubber' which acting as a non-conducting layer, prevents the the absorption of the ocean's animal heat by the water. On the right whales while live at the edges the ice this blubber is very thick while in the seas which frequent warmer waters the blub- better corresponds sufficiently thinner. The whales of the world are sorted into two great valuable groups viz, those having teeth those without teeth. The toothed whales (Plat} of that 1st group of which the sperm whale is an example have long been hunted for the oil & valuable sperm

which yield; those of the second are not only mildrant but also that die characterised by plates of wood the "blueback" -- of commerce. This whale home in some varies in length from on foot up to twelve feet in different species; For more than a thousand years the capture of Right Whales, those yielding the largest quantities of oil has been an im- portant occupation with both European & American whalers, but only in comparatively recent times has the industry extended to the taking of the Squails those whales with short coarse whalebone & thin blubber. These whales were followed in a small boat, harpooned & killed with the hand lance: set was at best a dangerous occupation & which courage were required in its prosecution, thus drawing to its ranks the best of most all meritorious seamen. However with the gradual extermination of Right Whales & the diminution in the numbers of Squails attention was turned to this Phyaquala, those

species having short coarse heads, & comparatively thin tailed, long slender body & built like a racing yacht, the Finwhales great influential but their speed defied the ordinary hand labour. Then it was that the Norwegian whalers turned their attention to perfecting both the methods of capturing & the broad study of better steam whaling vessels of today, are the result. These boats are about one hundred feet in length, & carry on the bow a small cannon which shoots a harpoon weighing 1/2 cwt having an explosive head or point, when once a whale is killed it is filled with air & towed in to the whaling factory. A whaling station offers to the un-initiated a continual round of surprises. From the time the great animal performs her last breath drawn out on the "calf" until the last piecey flesh has been put in the tanks where the oil is extracted, the ease & swiftness with which the great career cleansing perhaps 7 or 8 tons is handled

176 is almost incredible. The writer through the kindness of the Pacific Whaling Co. of Victoria, B.C., & the Tyee Co. of Tyee, Alaska the writer had the opportunity of spending this summer at all times at the whaling station in that waters platform. The slip is a long channel at a gentle slope to the water edge. On Tuesday we disgorge a stream which should be in health, tail first. About half past the tackle have been slackened & the great body is stationary, the "flensers" are at work making long-itudinal incisions from head to tail along the back side of breast; a table is fastened to the end of a strip, on which is started & slowly the great piece of blubber was stripped from the other-side site, leaving the flesh exposed. When one side has been flensed, the body is turned, & the other the remaining blubber removed + the entrails taken out. Then the carcass is hauled to the "carcass platform" where the meat is removed, the skeleton dis-articulated, of the bones cleped in pieces. Not a particle of the animal goes to waste = the blubber as "tried out" for the oil, the meat + bones are boiled for the

same purpose & there ground up & boiled, making guano or fertilizer even the blood is dried & used for fertilizer & the water in which the rubber is boiled also makes excellent glue. So like the proverbial king of the Chicago stock yards, not even the where only the formal is left, is the tale of King Mammon. The whole hunting today, while devoid of much of that excitement attendant upon the old time pursuit with hand harpoon & lance is yet full of fascination peculiarly arousing sport, and called to me The tender silent moment of waiting for the boom & expectation the man under the excitement of the moment when the great jump- lash body rounds up right at the foot of the bluff the crash of the hayman whip, the final struggle of their great animal all combined to would make the pulses leap & the student blood run quick. All to this the keen pleasure of recording & sleeping with the adventure & they who has it will think after ward that better sport could not be wished. Never while I chase And to the naturalist every movement of the whale is interesting, studying

That we have with us today the largest mammal that ever existed on the earth or in its waters is perhaps to most of us a fact unknown. Not even the giant Dinosaurs reptiles of prehistoric times this largest of the land animals Dinosaurs which reached the length of forty feet for their fore could equal ours size of today's the blue finned or whale, which are taken annually in the Atlantic by the Newfoundland ferrying whales along both coasts of North America. Significant that for more than a thousand years the history of the other nations of the world has been known and yet today their habits & specific relationships are only beginning to be known. With the advent of the harpoon gun & modern methods of capturing the whales of the world they have so far as such an alarming rate that the threat which nature to educational institutions such as some of our largest museums, are arousing to the point that there is imminent danger of this race of great mammals.

being caught part of experience, without with little of the history being known. That a whale is a mammal, not a fish has been known since the time of Aristotle; however, the great systematist Whitman classed them as such. Although few people realize that all the air held in the water, it yet breathers air by means of lungs & must carry to the surface to a dischage the air from its lungs & take a fresh inspiration; & any land mammal would do just the same. The when an whale comes to the surface often its first act is to discharge the air from its lungs & take a fresh inspiration as a land mammal would do under like circumstances. This air is saturated with water vapour at a high temperature, & when it strikes the cold upper air, sudden- ly condenses forming a column of steam or spray which is called the spout. Thust it is that the mammal gives that the animal rarely blows water from out its nostrils.

That a whale is a mammal and not a fish has been known since the time of Linnaeus, the great systematist, yet how many of us realize that its life & functions are carried on much as with animals which live on land. The young are born alive, surrounded with white milk from the mother's body. The blood of the whale is warm & the young are born alive & nursed with such white milk from the mother's body. The whale breathes air by means of lungs, which in essential structure are like those of a horse or cow. Other [illegible] when below the surface. It breathes or draws. When a whale comes to the surface its first act is to expel the air from its lungs & take a fresh inspiration. This is estimated with water vapor at a high temperature which when it strikes the cold upper air condenses at once, forming a column of steam or spray. This "spout" has given rise to a prevailing impression that a whale blows water from out its nostril, which was taken while feeding. It is believed that whales originally descended from land mammals for in structure & functions of life

"not from what particular genus" 181 they descend from unknown species. The two are very similar; scattering hairs are present even the rudiments of the fin kind tribes are found in South American species. Since the advent of the harpoon gun & modern methods of capture, For many years the whale has occupied an important place in the commercial history of other sea-faring nations, but since the advent of the harpoon gun it improved methods of Captures to its aid; whale bone have been used for centuries, but since the advent of the harpoon gun it appeared methods of capture whaling it destined to become a great industry on the coasts of North America. In the old days of the hand lance harpoon & lance Since the beginning of this century the whale has occupied oil & whale-bone have occupied an important place in the commercial regard but since the advent of the harpoon gun & the species which yielded the greatest amount of these products were pursued from from Northern

182 water even under the arches circle. Humpbacks with this advent of oil + the species with thinner blubber + barriers who where were not neglected. However whilst the advent of the harpoon gun + improved methods of capture there latter varieties namely the Finback, Humpbacks & Sperm-bottoms are taken in great numbers + are being ruthlessly destroyed. When camera ready he must be ever on the lookout for the unexpected. Perhaps without a sound of warning a humpback will turn himself clear off the water or thrust open his great mouth almost at the vessels bow opening it may be in front, or on either side but you may always be sure that it will come when least expected. Never will I forget one morning in early May when it was anchored by a hunch at the door + the voice

of the watchman saying 'it's four o'clock sir, the whaler is ready to go' I was out of bed in an instant, struggling on my hip boots almost before I was fully

191 measurements of whales taken at Tyee Alaska during 1908 - The whales were measured in a straight line from flukes to tip of lower jaw after they were drawn out on the slip. The measurement was furnished me by Mr. Victor H. Street, Manager of the station march 27 Finback ♂ = 64 feet " " " ♀ = 62 " " 28 " ♀ = 63 " april 14 " ♀ = 65 " Contained a foetus 21" may 4 " ♀ = 69 " " 13 " ♀ = 64 " " 16 " ♂ = 58 " 10 inches " " ♀ = 67 " " 15 Humphback ? = 41 " 8 " " 19 " ? = 38 " 2 " " 21 Finback ♂ = 60 " 10 " " " ♂ = 60 " " " ♂ = 67 " " 25 Humphback ♂ = 48 " 6 " " " ♂ = 48 " 29 Finback ♂ = 58 " " ♂ = 60 " 3 " " 30 " ♀ = 63 " " " ♀ = 63 " 7 " " " ♀ = 62 " 6 " " 31 " ♀ = 59 " 9 " " " ? = 59 " 4 " " " ♂ = 63 " 3 " " june 1 " ♂ = 60 " 3 "

192 June 2 -08 Finback ♀ = 67 feet 6 inches " " 3 " " ♀ = 68 " 2 " " " 3 " " ♀ = 60 " 8 " contained foetus " " 6 " Humphback ♀ = 48 " 4 " " " 8 " Finback ♀ = 68 " 2 " contained foetus, 4 ft. 6 in. " " " " " Humphback ♂ = 44 " 7 " " 15 13 " " ♀ = 38 " 4 " " 15) " Finback ♀ = " 19 " " ♂ = 53 " 10 " " " " " " ♀ = 62 " " " 22 " " " ♀ = 63 " 3 " " " 23 " " ? = 59 " 6 " " 28) Humphback ♀ = 49 " 7 " " 29 Finback ♀ = 57 " 7 " " 29 " " ♂ = 63 " 4 " July 3 -08 " " ♀ : 67 " 1 " " 9 - " " " ♀ = 63 " 3 " " " " " " ♀ = 63 " 6 " " " " Humphback ♂ = 39 " " 10) Finback ♀ = 60 " 4 " " " " " ♂ = 66 " 1 " " " " " ♂ = 63 " " 13) " " ♀ = 60 " 2 " " " " " " ♀ : [illegible] = [crossed out] -> 73 ft. 10 inches " " " " ♂ ♂ 2 = 48 " - " " " " ♂ = 60 " - " 15) " " ♂ = 60 " 2 inches " " " " ♂ = 40 " " " " " ♀ = 60 " 10. " " 18 " " ♂ ♂ = 69 " " " " ♂ = 59 " H " " 20 " " ♂ = 43 " K "

31 3263 193 July 20 Humphback ♂ = 42 feet / 0 inches " 21 Finkback ♀ = 70 " " " ♂ = 5'9 " 7 " " " ♀ = 64 " 5 " " 23 ? = 69 " " " ♂ = 67 " 3 " " " ♀ = 64 " " 20 ♂ = 5'9 " " " ♂ = 61 " 7 " Aug 1 ♂ = 5'9 " 5 " " " ♀ = 63 " " " ♂ = 63 " 9 " " " ♂ = 64 " 4 " " 4 ♀ = 64 " 7 " " " ♀ = 65' " " 5 ♂ = 61 " 4 " " ? = 63 " 7 "

194 Surphumblin' Skeletal measurements of specimen prepared by Mr S C Buck at Kygoost & now being exhibited by Mr Gls Langly & Co at Victoria. Date March 08 - Kygoost B. C. Length 79 ft. 6 in. to tip of lower jaw from notch over tooth. The following data Mr Buck gave me, as he prepared the skeleton most care- fully, it is undoubtedly correct. Ribs The specimen had 15 pairs left side & 16 right side - the 16th was very short & of course rudimentary. Vertebrae C7 D15 S15 Ca26 = 63 Mamms 4 metacarpals I4 II7 III6 IV3 ("Survey correct," Buck) The mamms of this whale were lost in a fire at the station as a pair from another whale were sub- stituted. This whale had the following formula in both pectorals. I4 II7 III6 IV4 ("Survey correct," Buck) The ribs of this whale were broken in one or two places so another set were substituted. This whale had 16 pairs & the last pair were long not being rudimentary.

As the skeleton is now exhibited it is as follows: Everything is from the original whale except - the ribs - the phalanges, the dermatus, & the pelvici bones. Skull (I took these measure myself) from the cleaned skeleton Length (condyles to tip straight below) : 600 Breadth (squamosal) greatest = 290 Length rostrem (from proximal end of maxilla) straight = 500 Length nasals (median) = 35. " mandibles (straight) = 580 " " (curved) = 575. Depth " at center = 45, " " " coronoid (straight) = 80 Width orbital process of frontal, = 30 " of squamosal = 120 " of rostrem at middle (straight): 170 Depth of skull vertex to lower edges pterygoids = 110 Scapula Height: 91 Breadth: 150 Length across (lower edge) : 45. Length coronoid (lower edge) = 281 Breadth g.f. Length skeleton (as mounted) = 2370 Radius length = 105 - breadth distally = 33 - Length ulna: 99 breadth ulna distally : 24 Length humerus : 68 Length 1st rib: 150 straight " " " (curved) : 170 Breadth " " (distally) : 18

196 Kyquart July 16-08 Humpback ♀ length = 46 feet. @ Stevig Dewrons = 10 - 17 + last small & perfectly + 3rd highest of series. Cy D 14 F 12 Ca 19 = 5.2 seen The last very small cart which is frequently found is represented in this where only by a mass of cartilage containing no suspicion whatever. This whale contained a ♀ foetus no. 41 which was 154 cent. long. Kyquart July 16-08 Humpback ♂ length = 12.60 Kyquart July 16-08 Humpback ♂ length = 13.80 On July 17th at Sechelt a ♀ Humpback contained 2 foetal whales each about 18 inches long. In Provincial Museum are two foetal Humpbacks about 8 inches long which were taken from the same mother at Sechelt in 1904 " Humpback ♀ July 27-08 Kyquart, B.C; " length 12.90 12 Dewrons backing Humpback ♂ July 27 - 08 Kyquart B.C. Length = 135.0 Cy D 14 F 11 Ca 21 seen There are 10 dewrons

tu 3rd is highest of series, 1st very small + free distally - 2nd has a distinct haemal spine + is much larger than 1st - 1st rib is single headed - 2nd has large tubercle + short thin neck + head - 3rd has large tubercle + long neck + head - th largest of the lot - 4th has neck + head + large tubercle about size of no 2. All other ribs are single headed becoming shorter + broader as they go back 306 larminal of paleo on one side - July 24-08 Humpback ♂ Kyuquot, B.C. Length = 12'20" Bundles all brown colour except for one or two little light gray patches at base D. fin is 30 high + is on a prominent hump - both edges are white Aug. 8 Tyee, Alaska Finback ♀ Length = 5'9 ft 11 inches Aug 10 Tyee, Alaska ♂ Finback Length = 61 ft. 10 in " " " " ♀ Humpback " " = 42 ft. 2"

On Aug 16 a Finback whale was taken at Tyee Alaska which had a great quantity of herring in its stomach. The herring averaged about 8 inches in length. It was estimated that the stomach contained 3 1/2 to 4 lbs. of the fish. The stomach also con- tained a few of the shrimp, which, in their proper food, in more or less digested condition. Mr. [illegible] manager of the station, says that this is the first case of a Finback, containing fish of any sort, that has come under his notice. I measured the distance between the laminae of the baleen in a Finback Whale & found the plates to be 1/2 inch apart -- There was practically no variation, all the plates (except the very anterior & posterior ones) being the same distance apart

200 Capt. G. A. Huff, Alberni B.C. Rose Hare Moody's. 7 Queen Charlotte Wm. C. Biddle 78 Reade St. New York N.Y. [illegible] Capt. Milburn W. F. Osbome Hotel Margaret Brooklyn (10-23) \

P.M. Garding Eve. Mail Dr Hunter 201 83 Scandale To Roy Robinson of Marl. Sweeper Co Newark N.J. Sarehant Eve. Journal 3 & m. Herbert Sherwood N.Y. Tribune (Sunday) (3 photos.) Noran American 3 pics, Wright World (4 pics) Harvey Outerbidge // B. way N.Y.

Kenneth Fowler #1 Fulton Market New York Mr. Brown #1 Broadway Room 15-3 12:51 dinner Ester Robbins, of Robbinsdale, Minn. six of add 2 meters to Hemphack for length 7/200 and 3 meters for girth of 14/10 and This should be added to the circumference of all Hempbacks measured at breast Dr. W.N. [illegible] office 438 S. 40 th Ave White thread [illegible] #28 Forest Home Oak Park Cut gossamer tasman worm 100 lbs teas purification who [illegible] may National Ph. Sem. N.A. seem both to Capt Herbert about Leslie refers to Kenneth bates reg to find!

needed number for boxing Reefhark skeleton 2000 feet 3x12 Rough 200 " 3x6 " 1000 " 1x12 " 400 " 2x4 " 50 lbs 6" nails 500 r & 2 1/2 " " For Humpback skeleton yet 1350 ft 2x12 R 315-0 " 2x6 " 1000 ft 1x12 " 400 " 2x6 " nails as above About 30 bbls. of oil from a Finback 42 gal = 1 bbl. 340 lbs = 1 " bone oil. This includes blubber meat & A Humpback taken at Tyee Alaska had a great many small Cod fish in its stomach, the largest being about 1/6 inches, large. This statement derived from several persons who saw the whale.

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