Field Notebook: Vermont 1922

doc. 121 1922 doc. 121 Vermont 1922. Second and third trips. New England Intercollegiate 1922 To Princeton, 1922

ie 3513 July 1 - X 1922 in part [probably should apply to material after July 10 as well] 3518 Sep. 16-30, 1922 CS & COD [see Dunbar doc. # 37]

doc. 121 Charles Shuckert Yale University New Haven, Conn. 1922

[ see map 228, st Albans VT For geog. & precise locs.] 3513 in part. Juls 1- X see front page Mar Warren, July 1, 1922 Saturday

New Haven, July 1, 1922 Saturday. Left New Haven, Conn. at 9.47 A.M. and got to White River Junction, Vermont, at 4 P.M. It is raining most of the day. At White River Doretta Seegles met at hand with a fine limousine. With him were A. Keith and Doretta Swinerton About 4.15 P.M. we headed south for to miles St. Johnsbury, Vt., where we arrived at 9.30 P.M. There had been very heavy news last Thursday and in places the road had been washed out. However we get over all the bad places without mis- delay. The rivers are all swollen, and in places are only their banks. Arrived at St. Johnsbury at 8.30 P.M. It is here that the Faintanks scales are made. The town is about the size and importance of Brattleboro and Bellows Falls. A rather nice place. The Faintanks have presented the city with a museum but I did not get to see it. Retired at 10.30 P.M.

Brasturg, Vt., July 2, 1922 Sunday

Irastburg, Vt., July 2, 1932. Sunday Left St Johnsbury at 9.30 A.M., northwest through Concord, Woodstock, Sheffield, Glover, Barton to Orleans where we had lunch at 1 P.M. Just before getting into Orleans saw beside the road a critical outcrop of quartzites, with thin zones of petrolite lenses at some unknown distances cut by a pegma- tite dike about 18 miles thick. The latter is unmeta- morphosed and is therefore of Appalachian age. The Oceania porphyrites are all metamorphosed according to Keeth. These held because of their resistant nature held them bedding plane. I saw no fossils. Maybe Ordovician or some old, pre-Cambrian age. Perhaps the former. In the afternoon went five miles east to Irastburg. Due just south of the village on either (= across) brook, may be seen in place ex- posures of a much foliated dark hard phyllite (Richardson calls it limestone) seems to be made up of a shale with some lime and small fine grained sand. It is a stranded series dark of sandy layers interbedded with thin shale beds and the whole rather incompetent or trap under cutting it flows readily. When the beds are much there hard in the center or parts of the section one sees a

less drawn out or lenticular thin and thick masses of white quartz infiltrations, or rolled pieces of chalk - [illegible] a dull quartzite. Some of these masses attain a diameter up to 18 inches but usually they are small from three to 6 inches. They are by no means common, and they always occur in a lined center, around them the phyllite has flown. In these things that Richardson has called the intrusive conglomerate. I saw no granite nor diorite pieces, nor anything that looked like foreign material = boulders. All our tectonic and meta- orphic structures, and are in fact are foreign intrusions. Furthermore saw nothing that could be called basal conglomerate, and then is not telling that these phyllites are basal. Neither is there any other material in intrusive rocks. Great granite intrusions occur to the east, but as these are not pure metamorphosed it is clear that they cut all the rocks beneath. I neither did I see an old base upon which these rocks rest. In his report Richardson calls it "a lime- stone conglomerate" By this he means that the so-called boulders lie in a limestone. I cannot see why the formation is called a limestone. It's true that it often appears under beds of calcareous sand.

"so called boulders" lie in a limestone. I cannot see why the formation is called a limestone. It is true that it effervesces under hydrochloric acid, but the amount of lime carbonate present is not 20%. This rather muddy - sandstone cemented by lime. Richardson says the pebbles are of diorite, gneiss, porphyrite, quartzite and sericite schist. Of these I saw three unbroken and those belong to the formation and are not at all boulders or proper pebbles. He says "in some parts the pebbles are small, well sorted round, while the total conglomerate is highly crumpled and folded". There is no evidence that the pebbles are water worn. They are either cementations or rolled pieces of larch into stratified lith. One of the "boulders" was like this: The diorite pebbles maybe = Gneiss sandstone. Diorite granite on porphyrite. Richardson's "limestone" is a formation of very thin-bedded shales, sandstones every impure limestone. Any metamorphism into into a foliated - twisted schist. The "pebbles," are generally rolled in the foliation.

Roads tilting Pt. July 3 - 1972, Monday.

West Albany Pt. July 3 - 1922. Monday. Left Iresting at 8.30. In the West Albany report of Richardson he has a diatase outcrop to the south of phyllite. Saw the phyllite bit of the diatase saw none in outcrop. Plenty of large and small diatose troubles lay about but these have come from further north in the granitic core of the Green Mts. It looks as if Richardson is utterly unreliable. of Iresting Seven miles south at West Albany and here on the east bank of the Draits River again saw the "Iresting Conglomerate". Here the Draits River "limestone" is largely folded but very decidedly handled. This handling brought over the flow and folding structure of the gravel, and as the exposure was a quarry for rip-raping one could follow the crumpling of the conglomerate. The pebbles are not at all common here as they are all small. They are nothing more than larder beds and rolled up into conglomerate jumbled to pieces. I have five pieces to show this peculiar limestone and three show how the larder layers once broken turn and become pebbles. What is the nature of this Draits River limestone. It is now all the more clear that there

is nothing at all in Prof. Richardsons 'tramway' 'complement'. Then started out for a long drive to get To the west side of the Green Mts. Went via Craftsbury, Hyde Park, Manistville and Johnson. Here it was raining and were more the roads were bad down the valley of the Lamoine and we turned back to Manistville and then on to Watervly. Thence down the valley of the Winoski to Essex and then north to Milton, once we stopped for night. It is not raining in the Champlain Valley. We drove about 140 miles today. About 70 miles was crested since here at Milton we were told that people had successfully won the direct roads to Manistville.

St. Albans, Vt. July 4 - 1932. Tuesday Left Milton at 8.30 A.M. Today is cloudy but the Weather Man says Fair. Set to St. Albans at 12 noon. At one mile south west of Benicia, Vt., we saw a lot of Bracton conglomerate standing at a high angle. On one side are Highgate slate and below it Milton L. (Limestone) and the conglomerate in the Highgate slate (East) = Lower Cambrian muddy dolomite. What interested me most was along a strike to many Dilliston dolomite boulders many of which where from 5 to 8 feet long. In other places were other large pieces of the Dilliston dolomite, one block about 12 feet long by 6 feet thick. This Dilliston dol in boulders is commingled in the Bracton conglomerate and indicates proximity of the material in place at the time of deposition. At the above locality one can follow for ½ mile west the reappearance of the conglomerate over the Lower Cambrian and the Highgate shales. Because we are so near the former Dacotgan formation this may be reason why there is or mound of the Dilliston dolomite. The conglomerates in the upper part of the Lower Cambrian however here have the usual small angular pebbles. Today we saw one block over 2 feet long and another about 10 miles square. All are angular. These big pieces are not intraformational. They are foreign to the accumulation.

"After limol started north from St. Albans and at about 3 1/2 miles north came upon a large exposure of the [illegible] conglomerate, that it lies upon the Shiggate slate. One man of the Shell- burne Limestone has a length of 60 feet long, 15 feet thick, and the other one we can see at least 30 feet of it. It is undulant of conglomerate and run- pair by conglomerate. This large mass is clearly transported. A little south of the big limestone boulder one sees interlaided sandstone lenses. Here are marine dolomite infilling fragments of trilobite luid and line of rounded sand grains, see Sample. Here is a little cliff about 13 feet high like the: Limestone conglomerate pressed and schistose About 7 feet thick. Round grained sandstone with bit/lithic pellets. 14" thick dolomite with round grained sand. Same sandstone with many lithic pellets [unseen] about 24" thick Li, Congl. Pellets stardly 3feet see photo These sandy - dolomite infilling can be seen at several levels, and at different places. The taste of the conglomerate is dolomite with round sand grains. In places such dolomite-sand is devoid of conglomerate and here appear to be rare organic debris!

"not look like comminuted trilobite tests. Neither would some of this just above the Highgate slate and at about 12 inches where the trace for comminuted trilobite fragments, be the three pieces. This then proves that the conglomerate was deposited in the sea. It is a place of this kind that he had seen for the Ordovician cephalopods and brachiopods. Then went about one mile further north to the The Rosedip locality large Helleterre marble bed name, learned little that was new. It is undain as well as undlain by slate. Below is the Highgate Above, the shales form tremble from limestone conglomerate. In the Highgate shales we see very rarely a piece of limestone. One piece about 6 inches long and 1 1/4 thick stood vertically in the slate. These look as if dropped by ice-bugs into the muddy bottoms over the slate. North of St Albans the Bramton conglomerates show more than elsewhere signs of infilling dolomite with much round grain sand. In all of the Cambrian other sand is present it is of this round grain kind. It partly is of early Lower Cambrian making, and it is thus once that furnishes it for later deposits. It has no climatic significance except in the Lower Cambrian, and one does it in a question if it is out of Pattergne origin.

St. Alons, July 5 - 1922 Wednesday. Started out at 7 P.M.

St. Albans, July 5-1922 Wednesday. Started out at 9 a.m. About one mile north of Highgate beside the road saw the Highgate then-bedded limestone. Got a few bris, near all from Jamesella (Electrothis). Then went to Highgate Falls and beneath the first house east of the Electric Power House saw mill displayed the large one of thin bedded limestone, the grey being about 15 feet thick, some of these layers are full of fragmented trilobites. The horizon Keith in-cludes is an Ordovician formation (= dolomite), which he calls 'Lower Cambrian Age'. To my surprise Mr Clevell's turned up and all the trilobites are of Upper Cambrian kinds. There are two species of Agnostus, one of which is smooth. The Jamesella also occurs here. These fine thin layers of the Ordovician and all above it must go into the Upper Cambrian. Got quite a lot of fossils. Then went for lunch to Highgate Center, and just outside of the village in the very then bedded and twisted limestone of the Highgate got a few fossils. In one that Keith got the fossils that he couldn't determine as Upper Cambrian. In this same field at a bay or promontory got a number of Lingulella.

The Chilton is terminated by the Chilton conglomerate and opposite the Electric Power House in the north bank of the Mississippi one can see the erodics in it that must be said 7 feet lay. These are the largest boulders or far seen in the Chilton conglomerate. I was inclined to call it the Drantan conglomerate but Keith says it is "des Chilton conglomerate." In this conglomerate the paste is dolomite and without the rounded sand gains and the marble like white limestones, while the Drantan conglomerate has in the dolomite paste a great abundance of rounded sand grains. There ought to more said about the Chilton bed. Then went south to the big white limestone exposure in the Drantan conglomerate. This is on the Paddock farm of Doctor Janisen of N.Y. This big mass of Kellstone is certainly 135 by 110 foot and probably 10 feet thick. It may actually be 170 x 110 x 10 as Keith thinks. This room clear lies upon the Highgate muddy slate and all around its northern, eastern are certain outcrops can see the Drantan conglomerate wedging into it. In some places it is the limestone conglomerate but north after it is the Georgia clay slate with

Limestone pobbles. Insofar hidden in the Braxton masses we can see limestone pobbles and occasionally one foot from us of the Hellburne Limestone. In places the Braxton is a shale conglomerate that is an intraformational conglomerate. Yesterday Dar reced a limestone pobbles in the Shifgate shale below. To the south of this lays or as lies another layer me of the Hellburne Limestone. Its dimensions 90 by 50 x 10 feet. Payles thinks these two masses are actually boulders and some dropped into the sea by glaciers grounding out into the sea. Keith is rather disposed, and I agree with him, that they are the Hellburne residuals [in place]. of Shifgate Falls. The 15 foot one of thin bedded limestone in the Milton is entr[?]3 & feet thick, ten foot of it being taken up by five goes of limestone conglomerate. The lowest one about me but three I thought is intra- formational, and probably are of them are intraformational conglomerates. Keith interprets the section as follows: At top the Shifgate slate. Then about 50 feet of dolomite = Milton The Milton thick conglomerate as seen on south bank of Minnesota [illegible] or in north bank, has too large li. boulders. About 20 feet thick. Bereth is the following section.

Date of rain. Almost 3 feet thin fine dolomite, rather has a cmpl., grey, Belly from flats 3 ft. and thinned. - 3 " fat of conglomerate, intraformational 6 " massive and slatty dolomite. 4 " " grey dol. - 2 " dolomite conglomerate, intraformational. 2'1/2" slatty thin blue li., with one inch beds of slate. - 1 " li. conglomerate with blue li. pebbles up to 8" big. 6'1/2" slatty blue li. with 2 slate seams and a 4 inch bed of conglomerate. This is the same with the mbs. - 2 " li. empl. Boulders up to 1 foot across. 1'1/2" slatty li., and dol. -. 2 " dol. empl. with pebbles up to 9 inches big. 1 " sandy banded dol. 3 " slatty dol. 37'1/2 " [The above is reinterpreted beyond] Beltm or dam stream there in to be seen 100 feet of dolomite. At least all above this 100 feet into the pattern out of the Beltm and added to the Highgate series.

St. Albans, July 6-1922. Thursday In the morning visited the Corlin ledge nearly five miles north, 10° E. of St. Albans as the crow flies. At the north end of the ledge there is a mass of shell lime limestone fully 140 ft long. Near the center occurs the small limestone trowel with Syntrophia calcifica, an elongate Syntrophia, and a species Jamesella. These Leith collected last year. Tried to find the limestone that last year furnished the cephalopods, but Leith could not locate it. In any event it appears the forms came taken out of a trowel and not a house in place. At this Corlin ledge there is a great amount of the Shell lime limestone, more than usual. The whole mass of conglomerate has been much squeezed, foliated and drawn out. All the limestone trowels look drawn out. I am urging Leith to look upon all the Corlin forms as shell trowels, and therefore to regard the Downton conglomerate as at the base of the Bedwonton. Hereatnuts and there are Shell lime or Brillianite. According the Upper Cambrian and Ordovician are below the Downton conglomerate and the forms are both to be referred to the Cambrian.

He had lunch again at Highgate Center. After lunch I looked up the Huse, decided, to send samples immediately to the north Highgate Center and in the railway cut, but got no finds. It is only this year that first day got the Lingudillas; Odles got a white rock attached to the banded piece; and last year Keith got his banded Cambrian finds. Have four samples of the rock to show the banding. About 30 feet shown and there are at least two dolomite bands, but if more than one shown. The area may have been quite large little outcrops of them in the hedgerow. Then looked up the gorge at Highgate Falls. Made the following section from the Bridge, down the gorge east. The first part was made from the bridge and from the south bank of railway to the north bank. The rest was determined from the gravel locality of the south shore to the end of the exposure along the river bottom. Beneath the section drawn on the following page, its continuation is as follows:- One bed of dolomite, 18" } in Oct. 1922 One dol. with intraf. cong. 30

{ "text": "East\n[illegible]\nDark blue limestone slate.\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\nJuly 9, 1972\n[illegible]\nEast\nDark blue limestone\nSlate with dolomite bands\nthick thin dark slate band.\nHighgate slate.\nCharnis.\nThrust plane.\nThick folded dsl\nabout 118 feet.\nAnticline under\nturnpike bridge.\n[illegible]\n [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

Blue-Hazel slatey and slaty drl, with a few grnles, 2 to 6 inches thick. About 25 fat. Sandy drl. 24" Drl in orangy layers. About 15 feet Sandy drl. 6 fat Corund gme. Partly slaty drl. About 35 fat Sandy drl, 6 fat Blue-flack slaty drl. 20 fat Shebourn tunnel Dark Hue emyl. drl. 12" 8th of Sep. 1922 Dark-blue slaty drl. 3 fat Sandy drl 2 fat Dark-blue drl. About 16 fat Sandy emyl. drl. Probably 50 fat thick Heavy redded, quick firumed drl., orattus somewhat rusty, and sandy emyl. drl. About 20 fat. There is therefore 300 fat of Highgate strata Then Milton formation! Above the Milton tillite 26 fat. The Milton tillite lid 26 fat. Milton milk slaty drl. 223 fat Milton in Heavy beds. 75 fat. Milton sandy drl units occur in 260 fat. A little matter of Granite ore came up a bit of flaky granite? This is on the western side.

"A little northwest of Granton we came upon a unit of Chazy marble. This is in the western belt of Keith. Atmtr 1/2 miles south east is a bluff of Ori- nosoli marble, have three samples. This bluff marks the western face of the Central northrust fault of Keith.

St. Albans July 7-1922, Friday

St Albans July 7 - 1952. Friday Studied the highly seasonally bandled slates beside the road up the hill from South Green School, 1/4 mile N.E. of Rock Run. This is about 3 miles N.E. of Highgate Center. Sales measured a number of places to show the varps. I gathered a bag full of specimens to show the wonderful detail of this banding. Sales pointed out the prominent bands at the tip of the dark part, but often the dark portion is again crudely banded. As many as seven of the lighter layers in a space of 3/8 inch of the dark portion of a varp. This material should give a good rate of sedimentation for each year. The finer banding in the black portion is thought to be due rather to heavy rains during the year, than to seasonal rate of mud supply. The formation is thought by Blick to be Highgate slate, but he is not certain. It has the lay of Highgate and probably is. First in the afternoon revisited the rail-road cut near Highgate Center to count the varps in the imbricate limestone. Took away two samples. The thickness of the limestone that one could count is

35 feet thick. Of course there is more limestone down in the cut but this all that one could successfully mea- sure. In this thickness there are about 2833 traps by actual count. In other ones there are about 81 to each foot. Some of the traps are 1/2, 1, 2 inches dep. One dolomite grain is 4 1/2 inches across un- tended. There are 660 traps above the dolomite and the rest are below it. Then going to Daniel Dr. Russell lodges. Here on the eastern side is a small quarry for slaty dolomite for road metal. There are two Russell lodges on either side of the road. In the quarry the top are dolomite embo- domed in thick beds. These are the base of the Bilton. Below are slaty dolomites in beds from 1/2 inch to 1 inch, and at the top of these are many minute hashiforms of Linnarsonella and two other inarticulates. See the list of specimens. This place is 1 1/4 mile north, 10 degrees east of Highgate Center. The reign is in the top of the Ordovician, and is now the top of the Lower Cambrian. The valley is of Ordovician shales and limestone, with the finding of these fossils which may be Ordovician reality 2 or miles east of Highgate.

"", Reith is satisfied to refer all of the Drilton to the Upper Cambrian, because below. He then went a little farther north and then crossed the ridge of the Drilton, and then came upon the Highgate slate. The limestone are here as elsewhere in the Lown Fork and these limestones are fearfully squeezed into one another. Fossils are com- on here but are not good, and as they are practically of the same kinds as in the Highgate Falls did not try to get a collection. See the four forms left. These however are of a higher horizon since they are in the lower forty of the Highgate. Those of Highgate Falls are in the upper Drilton. This locality is 2/3 miles north 15o W. of Highgate Centre. It is a little farther north and a little more east than the Lown Cambrian locality. The contact between the Colchester and Milton is a very irregular one. This irregularity appears to be due to the pushing of the Milton dolomite into the soft and yielding beds of the Colchester. There is known a head here for on the Parkers farm above the Hard Ledge is a knight met at once present at the Russell Ledge. They have Rhysia festinata, Bathgynthus klr-

fogga, Opaula strenus and Hyolithus americanus. At Russell's ledge the design is either higher or lower, and it is probably the latter. To me this evidence looks like a break between the Millton and the Colechester. Reith therefore now regards the Lower Cam- brian of northern Vermont as made up of Minton quartzite (300'+), Windsor marble (400'), Mal- et dol. (700-800), and Colchester formations (clay, sandstone and dol., 200-250). = 1700' in all. The upper Cambrian - Lariatogan is now made up of Minton dol (500'), Highgate limestone and slate (300'), Shell town marble (200-400') and Williston limestone (500) = 2000' more. The Beclmontton begins with the Laranter argilmarate (30') and Bengia slate (3000') = 3530' in all.

St. Albans, July 8 - 1922. Saturday. Spend the morning looking at the Senja slate and especially the banded zone. This place is on the farm, 3/4 mile to the southwest of Georgia Center. See my three samples. The Senja slate is a great thickness, estimated at 300 ft. It has the usual dark blue clay, is slightly sandy with very fine sand, and occasionally there is a stratum with the sand grains sand. There are also in places thin zones of sandy dolomitic beds. One goes pretty 30 to 40 feet thick and well developed banded structure. See the three samples. Fossils are absent, and probably chiefly because of the squeezed and slaty structure that is nearly always seen in the bedding. The Senja slate are easily separated from the Highgate slate in that the latter are harder, have their limestone beds, and the thickness is only 1/20 that of the Senja. I wonder if the banding is at all due to seasonal causes. I do not see the banding of glacial clay, that is always in pairs, a dark band and a lighter pound the thicker member of the pair.

About Georgia the Georgia slate make a wide belt of flat land. To the west the area is a mile wide, and to the east there maybe a mile or once. To the west of the slate belt are the granite conglomerates seen last year. St. Albans July 2 1922 Sunday

St. Albans July 9, 1922: Sunday. Dayles wanted to see the Highgate Falls section once more and so we all started for it at 9.30. I concluded to work out the section in more detail. Beginning at Highgate Falls and going down stream the section is as follows: Section of the Upper Cambrian along the north shore of the Mississippi River from the bridge over Highgate Falls down stream. Under the bridge here is an anticline and the section is down the west limb. Chilton formation. Section from old to young beds. Heavy bedded dol, creating Falls. Center of arch, 15' seen. Unfossilized. Pink slatey dol. 15' Heavy bedded dol. 50 feet, may be 70 feet Black slatey dol. Dolgy. 3' Heavy bedded blue-grey conglomeratic (intrusn.) dol. 5' Black micaceous slate 6" Heavy bedded sandy grey emply. dol. 10' Laminated sandy dol. 4' Black slatey dol. 6" Grey emply. dol. 1' Black slatey dol. 4' Grey emply. dol. 14"

Dark laminated sandy drl. 15' The great over thrust plane here distorts the sequence Crnyle drl. The north thrust sheet Continued downward. The above succession Laminated drl. Dip north Highgate Formation. Dark Blue slate 25' to cut off by over thrust. Dip of this slate is east. Dark-Blue thin reddled drl, traceited 12' Laminated drl. weathers gellar 10" Black slate and thin reddled li. 5' Dark. Blue harded slate with tom blocks of yellow weathery drl. The area is greatly squceeded only shape or an accurate estimate can be given. The iron jars is fairly regular but where the slate is fearfully oqueued, Reid estimates the thickness at about 175' The rest of the section is better studied down stream. Section up stream from most recently ex- plored eastward to the hardul slates. Milton formation. The part seen is 350' thick. Reid estimates total thickness of Milton as 800'

The following section is in four lines made on July 6, and one added today. Section along south shore of river Heavt redded gravel firmned drl. and sandy cmpl. drl. weathering red-yellowish 25' - Sandy cmpl. drl. Estimated at 10' - Dark-blue drl. 18' - Sandy drl. 2' - Dark-blue slaty drl, 3' - Dark-blue cmpl. drl. 1' - Blue-black slatz drl. 25' Lower limit somewhere - Sandy drl, 6' - Covered. Pnr. slaty drl. 50' - Sandy drl. 6' - Gray redded drl. 20' - Sandy drl. 30" - Blue-black slate and slatz drl. 40' - Sandy drl. cmpl. (interformational) 4' - Blue-black slatz drl, 4' - Cmple drl. 30" - Dril. 18" This takes me to the base of the final beds. At another level slaty drl. 3' sandstone and dl, 1. cmple drl. 2 Blue li. 18" Cmple li. Has a 12" fridden at face 2'

"Slatey drl and li 18" "Cmpli li. 2' Has a boulder / foot acros "Slaty Hue li. 6/2-feet. The horgym fn fossils. "Cngl li. 1' "Slaty Hue li, and Haell slate 30" "Cmpl. drl. 2' These beds total Granite grt drl. 4' 41 feet. Pressure and slatly drl 6' Cmpl. drl. 3' Slaty li. 3' Over the section again takes of stream on south side Tillite, Li. and drl. Cmpl. 26'. Has boulders up to 8' acros. Bandy drl. 2' Slaty drl and slate 6' Tillite as before 5' Has a boulder 7' long. Were also li, omit fossils fn the brown thin layers. In the above 2 tillites on either side of stream or maybe seen 5 boulders east from 4 to 7' acros. Bandy drl. 2' The section now comes to the north shore Bandy drl. 4' Bandied Haell slate 6' Tillite as before, but here the fossils are all small 1' Highgate Formation. 300+ feet. Bandied impure li. Estimated at 85' Of this group 35' are more clear on the P.R. out. by July 6-1922

Of this group 35' are still shown in the P.R. out. July 6 - 1922 Dark blue banded slates with term gms of drl. (one bed: 10" and another 18") With estimates thickness as 215 feet. I could easily make out 150' but then higher all was much squeezed about. Farther down came in the banded li, 85 feet thick. It can be no doubt that the Milton lisses gradually and unbroken into the Highgate. Besides the fossils in both are very much alike and of Upper Cambrian time. On the road down to the Electric Power House may be seen about 20 feet of the laminated li, of the lower part of the Highgate. East of the Highgate Falls on the north side came in the eastern representatives of the Milton lisses seen on the western side of the anticline farther down stream, map station. One half mile east of Highgate Falls along the south line of the river and in the fields may be seen the banded slates of the Highgate. A little farther of stream appear twice thick till its the first one 18' across the other after a shale interval is either the same but appears to be thinner, about 12'

They are the Orantm tillite beds followed by the ? Benjin slates. Skeels' Hotel, Chas. H. Skeels, Prop. Milton, Nt. 192 St. Alans, July 10-1922. Mndas.

St Albans, July 10-1922. Monday. Left St. Albans at 8.50 A.M. for Rutland in Octra Dales car. We then go on to Bridgeton from Junction once Octra Innkeeper leaves for Springfield, Mass., and then home to be married in about ten days. Dales then goes home. Keith will take out storage his car and he and I will return to the Burlington region to see the Billston limestone and search for fossils. He got to Rutland at 3 P.M., having gone 103 miles. From St. Albans we went south to Milton, Grinnell near Burlington, Dart Vermont Univ., in Burlington, driving to Bristol where we had dinner at a good hotel. The drive from Burlington to Bristol is fine, and it is worth while to consider some time of resting here at Bristol. The Railway takes me to New Haven and here there is a small branch line to Bristol. At about 1.30 we start south and go via East Middlebury, Lake Champlain, Brandon (once the Petro-Stone finds come from), Puttland and Rutland. Here Keith took out of storage his car left since last October. It was 5.30

P. M. when he went for a car license and because if technically we cannot get the permit until bednesday. He have therefore decided not to return to the Burlington again to see in detail the Williston limestone. The Williston limestone is exposed at many places along the west side of the Hines- bury road from 4-5 miles D.E. of Burlington to near Winchester. Keith describes it as a thin bedded limestone, but what I saw of it, it's a massive bedded grey limestone much chamed out and not schistose at one or km marked. It creates nor a peculiar sort kind of clast (in it a chest), there are zones of thin dolomite as these are usually dragged out and broken in the limestone mass. There are also crystalline granular limestone grains that originally some ore mass of fossil fragments, now all ground thump crystallized or recrystallized. The Williston limestone remains much of the large boulders seen in the Winchester conglomerate and especially at Rockbridge or the Coben Ridge. Keith says the full text that he knows of is limestone in the one at Brandon. It's not up

penance. Some years ago, the channel $14 per mile. It is now just about $21 per mile. About Bristol and in a long distance south is the Horsfield But made of Luron Cambrian quartzite = Cheshire. The mountain is an anticlinal cut off on the east side by a fault. In about the Striveling area, the Psilugries are thrust upon the Upper Cambrian. In a long distance north of Rufford and the eastern side of the valley between the Green But fort- hills and the Faenic range has the Ruff and alluvial and marbles. These are all of Cambrian age, Luron Cambrian below and Upper Cambrian above. Along the western side occurs the marble of Clays age. Where I saw it last year was at West Rufford.

[illegible]

Rutland, Vt., July 11, 1922. Tuesday. Left on the Rutland R.R. north to Brandon at 6:40; got there at 7:20. Had a fine breakfast at the Brandon Inn. Then started west (S. 78 W.) from Brandon by 1/2 mile of the Brilliston limestone and in the first gravel pit saw creatures sticking out. From Keith saw a coral and then several more, these turned out to be closely septate small cephalopods. Spent the morning looking for them and chiseling them out of the rock. Got a dozen or more and apparently also an Ophileta. Also saw the following Orthoceras Most of the cephalopods are small close septate forms just like the one Keith got in the Brenton conglomerate of the Corlin Ledge. The horizon of these forms is thought to be the equivalent of the Brilliston limestone a little northeast of Burlington, Vt. This formation near Brandon is a series of heavy bedded li and dol, with the li. squeezed out and firmly around the broken up but undamaged dol.

Now that are here the [Brilliston] charge the [illegible] to Middlebury Li. since the formation is well developed other this town which is 16 miles with of Brandon. Only in the Brilliston comes in the Beckman turn dol. and li. Near the base are some very fine conodonts, one great long fat thick. One thick bed of dol. matters a pure yellow ele- ment that look is a gray like algae and has therefore been called [illegible] dolomite. To the east of the Brilliston comes in the shellstone dol. Farther just a weathering pink-yellowish dol. That is the equivalent of the Old Chester. But further out the Rutland marble that is the equivalent of the Challet dol. and the Drinmoli marble. Belmar is a great thickness of the white Cheshire quartzite 800 to 1000+ fat thick. One marvels to see how the Brilliston limestone becomes ochiostre and is drawn out and about the dolomites. The dolomite beds do not have nor become schistose but crack and heal up into

"pieces that became isolated in the limestone. The creels in the dolomites are often filled with quinty. The limestones may weather out lumps and camitsin yellowish elevations that appear to be dolomite, these are very common in the dolomites of the Hurst or pre-sion limestone of the Beckmantown (Lower part) these weathering products are far more common than in the limestones. One sees very little if any chalk weathering where. The sandstones in the basal Beckmantown are of very fine sand and more often to be rounded desert sands. In the lower Hells of the Cheshin quartzite little if any of the oand is round from or rounded sand. The Crlekeatu has besides the milky white dol. interwadded sandstone, above it came in the dol. the age of which are not known, since none have intraformational Cnylonrites, Keill is disposed to assign them as of Lower Cambria age. The Best Rudland marble is of Chagy age since it has Rapdiotoma, Anachlura magna and Rhyn- choneilla fiera. It is undulain from Hrec Hoplite

at least too far back. Its age is unknown. Reith is disposed to think that the Iroquois conglomerate and the Bergen slates are late Ordovician age. To me this seems many, what further Reith is that these slate are or bear the Beech mountain delimits that he is indis- poded to assign them as equivalents. I told him they may be of separate times, but this conclusion remains to be proved. The test evidence that the Bergen slates are early Ordo- vician is that the Iroquois conglomerate (tillite) agree with the Quebec conglomerate and these are interwelded with Tetrapogon, Phyllograpton, ad Didemographus. For the present Reith fetter leave the Iroquois ad Bergen in the case of the Ordovician.

Rutland, Vt., July 12-1922. Wednesday. As Keiths car license has not yet arrived I concluded not to wait longer, but to return to New Haven. Left Rutland at 9.30 and Bellows Falls at 12.01. On the N.Y. N.H. R.R. and Connecticut R.R. for Hartford to call in some Phi Delta mates. Got to New Haven at 5.30 P.M.

Saturday, Feb. 16 1922 [3518]

Saturday, Sep. 16 1922 3518 Left New Haven at 7 A.M. for my third trip in northern Vermont. Started out with Dr. Carl O Denton in his Ford car and hope to get to Bellows Falls or even Ludlow before night. At 10:30 are going thru Springfield, and at 11:45 Northampton. At 2:15 are crossed into Vermont, and the roads changed from hard to gravel ones. Left Brattleboro at 3:15. Have come 118 miles. Five miles south of Brattleboro we saw the first slate quarry. Looked at it. All the schistose layers are folded with little depressions or elevations that maybe Ostracoda. Have four small pieces. These slates continue to at least 5 miles N. of Brattleboro. They are apparently the same Old slates seen last year at Northfield. Left for Ludlow at 7 P.M. or 6 P.M. local a standard time. Put of The Okema Tarun. Came today about 168 miles. The day has fine, sunny, and not too hot. And dust since it stormed here yesterday. Keith tells me that those are the Leyden slates of Emerson and regarded as of Silurian age. Bernardston to the south has Old.? circular stone. Clark found where came from here.

Sunday Feb 17 - 1922 Zedlar's Gate

Sunday Sep. 17 - 1922 Ludlow-Highgate Left Ludlow at 8.30 and got to Highgate Center at 6.30 P.M. It was dark and found Mr. and Mrs. Keith at supper. At 3 1/2 miles north of Verplanks we saw some tumbled dolomites beside the road that I thought might be Ordovician. We soon saw fossils: small Strephochetus, large Bellinckham, a depressed gast (Philites like) and an angular Onuchiomia. Also a small cephalopod and many byzgon were all of which none Praespona-like. These forms showed at once that we were in the Ordovician and that we must be in the Chazy. Then for the material was essentially all limestones and not dolomites. If these are Chagy and if the Champlain series why should they dip at about 60 to 70 degrees? Telling these things further to Keith he said they were of the Champlain series, and we concluded the Li. THe Chagy. Why they are or folded he did not say.

We then stopped at Jones' Hill to take a quick look at the Martins red sandstone under- lying the Dinorose but not all sandstone since we saw one zone of pink cl. silt, s.t.b. far thick. These sandstones are red with ferric iron are sometimes rippled (oscillation type) by small as not deep ripples. The muddy layers are sun-cracked and in one zone my fingers felt what appears to be rain pittings. There are also faucoidal re- main, one of which appears to be articulate. Saw no animal remains. These sands must have been laid down on tidal flats and therepu in very shallow water. Reith give their thick- ess as 300 feet plus down to north west. Came 130 miles Stopping at Mrs Grace Tolders' county hotel. * Reith describes the Millton-Clachatu contact here as "conformable and cut out six fath Clachatu, bringing out the underlying siltymy." Monday Dec. 18-1922 Highgate Center

Monday Sep. 18-1922. Highgate Center Started out at 8.30 for the little shale quarry in the creek [illegible] formation, about one mile N.W. of Highgate Center. C3246 Black Shales at Milton with Dictyoceras, about 3 feet can be seen. These shales like those of Parkes Quarry. Sandy dark blue shales with many very thin lenses of rounded grain sandstones from [illegible] thickness to 2 inches. Thickness about 10 feet. No fossils. Intraformational dolomite from 6 to 18 meters Rounded pebbled heavy bedded dolomitic sandstone. About 45 feet thick. Has angular pieces of the thin folded dol. from the lagoon below. Thin bedded dsl. with Lepernaemia tucnica, about 12 to 66 meters. See above at X From the Milton thick bedded massive Milton dsl. The above is on the east side of road. In the road cutting lies the west of the Colchester from 200 to 500 feet thick, On the other side of the road is a slice of Mallett dol. showing about 250 feet of thickness. Then went north to the farm cross-road going east across the High- gate about 13/4 miles N.W. of Highgate Center. Crossed the thin bedded limestone but got only [illegible] about

five forms all segments of tridmites and maybe one of the [illegible]. The strata here lie in a syncline. At the base of the [illegible] reccm Hæelfimile oodles, out of which came the one tridmite dead millt puccheels attached. These slates are once or km fended and one sees on the west side about 30 to 40 fut. Then comes the banded shaly limestones and cal- carous shales the whole may marked into a damogments The thickness is somewhere between 60 mils per feet. The layers are usually from 1/4 inch to 1/2 inch thick, that gives of several miles and some up to six or more miles reccm. At different irregular levels reccm lenses of intra formation conglomerate. Some of these show clear that they are churned up and mixed at the time of their accumulation. In this intraformational cong. there are also always some of the rounded grain sands. These intraf, cong. ranges from a few inches to 4 or 5 feet thick and in length from a few yards to many yards long. Or far as can be seen all are in that lenses. Returned to this place in the afternoon and Clentlar found a little lens that yielded about two dozen tridmites. To one those tridmites also look when Cambrian, though they are different from those of the Ordovician.

also look upper Cambrian, though they are different from those of the Milton. If it were not for the great amount of ochristy we could get more joints. The trouble is to handle across the bedding and ochristy. It can not be done in the three bedded limestones. There is very little dolomite in these Highgate limestones. All in a come a long muddy deposit, In the railway cut I got an entire trilobite site, rather fine specimen but one may be able to make it out. About 300 feet to the north of the above Highgate limestone locality got another whole trilobite. This in a dolomite, and the trilobite shows the edge of. This place must be in the Milton and sometime in the upper Milton but near at the top. It may be over the three bedded ones seen last July in the Highgate Lime. Here the four comes to about 300 feet below the top.

Tuesday, Sep. 19 - 1922. Hilda Center.

Tuesday, Sep. 19 - 1922. Highgate Center. About 2 1/2 miles N.W of Highgate Center back of school (in a ring on map) stone may be seen a 20 foot zone of diomitic conglomerate in the Upper Mallett with angular masses up to one foot long. It is an intra-formational one. The pieces lie in same direction and are of almost the same character as the enclosing diomite, therefore there is much peemdy quartz in which is intruded since from the conglomerate. This crop, is of the Mallett diomite. The school stone is near the peg marked 276 on the topographic sheet. Stillle No 1., dip about 20 degrees E 3.5 miles N. 20° W of Highgate Center Section of Larne Creek hill from Inverness - St Germain road due east half mile to road back to Highgate Center. The line of section is marked by a line on map. Morton red fine grained quartzite in heavy beds. Fair very folded. On the whole thin jointy there is much free-crystal matter. Also saw bits of trilobites. This goes on for a thickness of from 125 ft at most 150 feet. 125'-150' Then being folded over lighter gray-faint diomite about 60 feet. 60' Very heavy folded white coarse to conglomeratic quartzite. About 10 feet. 10 Fine grained gray sandy dl. About 8 feet. 8 Coarse grained fgy coarse quartzite. About 30 233-258

233 - 248 15 = 273 Projection - 248 273 Dark red chertm like fine grained quartzite. [illegible]. White fine grained dolomitic quartzite across a long upward area. About 25 feet. Light gray heavy bedded dol. Cliff under 50 ft. Gray sandy dol. Pink upravel. About 50 ft. Fence, Gray dol. with some rounded sand 8 feet. Gray sandy dol. attuse passing into coarse ss. 8' Red sandy dol. 3" Gray dol. with lead. In thick beds 204 Red dolomitic coarse ms. 6" Pink " " " 5" Coarse grme 10" Coarse sandy lime 2" Grey dol. 5" gray even bedded ms. 5" With Ptychoparia Adamasi} Pinkist fine grained ms. 4 ft. Pink to red fine grained dol. 10" Red thin bedded fine grained ms. with completely or laminated 12" interstratified and crypt (of same nature?) {Total on 223} Amisari Pink fine grained dol with giant (local) intraf. at bottom Crypt, blocks angular, up to four feet long. 25 ft. The upper 20 feet another Crypt. [illegible] dromite left down line

Light fine very sandy dol. 4fat Grey dol. Fine grained 10u Coarse gme 10u Yellowish-grey heavy feldded dol. 25u Coarse sandy dol. 25u Grey fine grained dol. with occasional} gms of sandy dol 130 Coarse grained yellowish grey dol. 10 Decidedly coars feldded yellowish emph.(quartz)ss. (75)fee Fine grained felded quartzite 4 Decidedly emph, emph,(quartz)quartz} 5 Channeled into 78 holes(12") Grey decidedly sandy dol. fine grained. 12u Grey fine grained quartzite. Coars feldded some 8u Yellowish sandstone with dol cement. 28u Decidedly coarsened channelled(6" coarse) quartzite 5u Coarse inturval 20u Coarse sandy dol. with quartzite interbed 12 Road cut fence. Coarse area with about 20 Coarse sandy grey dol. 10 Fine grained grey dol. 10 Rusty sandstone layerd. Figment of limis. 3 Fine grained grey dol. 5 -Layered fine grained sandstone 2 386

386 2 fur Embedded quartz cong. Layred fine grained grey s.s. Gravel zone Well bedded sandy drl. Heavy bedded white dense quartzite Crarse to cong. sandstone, heavy even bedded with irreguler layers of sandy drl. Heavy bedded white dense quartzite. Near from} channnel into top, belon, with may rounded petter of the sand, immediately belo } 2 to 6 niche lay. One angular man 18" lay Crarse grained, deently even-bedded s.s. Sandy drl. yellowish-grey White quartz gite Sandy drl. heavy and closely bedded Grey fine grained very heavy bedded do Sandy drl. monitered even bedded White quartz gite, fine grained Sandy drl Cross bedded white quartz gite Sandy drl. Quartz cong. Perth 1st r 4y inch Then cross the flat of Dace Brook Arm all is crowned by Champlain clay. On the other side of the brook is a high 626 J Mallett Measured

Patricl cliff of dolomite if presunatly the Omallett. The crowed gone at its narrowest is not more than a few hundred feet across. In this crowded gone with faults that is a normal fault. To the east the Omallett is varied up repeating once or ten of the Omallett seems to the rocks. The drill to the north of the Oskahatin locality with forms [marked on topographic sheet @] has at least 250 feet of the deepest Omallett. Then at the school marked O on maps in the conglomerate with large boulders and some of them is also to be added. Therefore the Omallett is as follows: Opposite @ or near — 250 feet At School House ? 50 ft. The measured section 635-4 The actual thickness of Omallett is 935 ft or more.

Highgate Center, Wednesday Oct. 20-1925. Bank threatening to pay us on the afternoon. Call in the Highgate Center about five miles.

Highgate Center. Wednesday Sep. 20-1932. Cloud threatening storming, fire in the afternoon. Collected in the Highgate limestone about two miles N. of Highgate Center. Little shale quarries for sand and metal beside the road at locality (1) on topographic sheet. Trilo- itite paper coats common. Small [illegible]-like part. small orthoid, and many opaloid plates, Nummulis etc. See the lot of iron material but something may be made out of it. A little farther north at (2) there is a lentic of lime- stone to five feet thick, and some hundreds of [illegible] coarsely composed of com- minuted fangs. Probably a clay limestone in the Highgate plate. Trilobite paper coats according common but all com-minuted and diagnostically altered type outmuchwork. Also small orthoids and opaloid plates. Some of these appear to be a fine tip, emplaced there the two times out of the [illegible] clay. At locality (3) are ours some [illegible] clay, granite and the Highgate thin folded limestone tectonically much folded and [illegible] are really hidden into [illegible]. In the comp. There are many builders for very fine li. Comp. out of the Highgate. It is also politic not complete or, but with isolating orbits. See to this samples. At locality (4) about 5 miles N. of Highgate or half mile probably [illegible] and half mile W of Rye River Center is a fine exposure of the Highgate thin folded li., and wonderfully folded drawn out at a plus, schistose. Only my is a syncline of Benjin plate and in the bottom of the syncline less than 12 wide above the unconformity got a lot of Blackl

Rion fm's. Lot of manella testudinaris, Pleasant-mills sericeus, Rafinesquina minnesot- ensis, Theptilamma profundum, Lingula, Calymene Homalonotus and Jortelus. There are probably other things. All in all the horizon is atmr Black- Rion time. This is a great find since no one has hertofore gotten any fossil out of it. I could see more 18" atme the Highgate li, contact, and all because of the decided schistosity. The contact between the Highgate limestone and Beajia was seen in five different places in atmr one fouth mile along the strike N.-S. It cuts across different levels of the Higfgate limestones. The highgate slates seen in the Minisiquoi range must lie below or to the west of them. Over my Beed mountains and Chagz fords are seen in the Dravton conglomerate, this appears to show that neither of these serie was de- posity in this area. Of course they are present in the Champlain tmp't. In at least three places we saw in hollows of the Highgate limestone conglomerate comprised of the High- gate limestones. Neither was the thickness as much as one foot, followed by the Beajia slate.

"In the basal 18 miles of the Senjia slate occur all the Black Run fossils collected, and here here are thin limestone lenses none of which are thicker than a half inch. It is in these zones that the fossils are most common, though they are scattered quite sparsely from about 8 to 12 inches from the base of the overliep. Higher in the Senjia one sees blocks of the Higgate limestone conglomerate composed of small that occurs near the base of the Higgate, pottles and somewhat articulate blocks up to 2 feet long are not rare and near the road lies me once at least 10 foot long. How did these blocks get into the Senjia? They were not transported far. They could not be dropped from cliffs since the stratigraphy does not show the presence of cliffs, hence ice could well have dropped them into deeper water. The Senjia slates are therefore the equivalent of the Onkarkian at least, and since near Ormsted there is also Bitica ad Lorraine, and at Three Run Richmondian, it is probable that the 2000 to 3000 feet of Senjia slate are the equivalent of the Ordovician Ordovician ad Cincinnati. Raymond has a student at work collecting north of the Canadian River. He finds above the Beek- antrim a thick shale series in the lower part of which he got the Ambryce fauna. This then is a

Somerhat older fauna than the one I got today in the local Georgia. Dr Leeks 1923 paper he says “The upper 80 feet of the Driller at Highgate Falls consists of slaty dol., and li, interbedded with eight layers of argil.” This goes from the western edge at the Fire pond l.c. up to the Highgate slate. Highgate Continy Thursday Sep 21-1922.

Highgate Center, Thursday Sep. 21 1932. Spent the morning in the bosom of the Mississipi River at Highgate Falls, a little east of the front locality and the rock dumps, is a vertical cliff as follows; The sec- tion goes up into growing trees. x (III) At low waters edge an intraformational conglomerate at least 4 feet thick. All that can be seen to order, but if cliff of rock dump. Yes, it penetrates all the thin layers. x Thin bedded dark blue li., 1/2" to 2" thick with some of thin dol. during intef. cong./3 to 8 inches thick). Meanwhile about 8 feet thick. but from root of rock dump. Zone (2), lowest found gone often. Zone of melted of intraformational conglomerate, the pieces of the limestone. Variable 18 to 30 inches Thin bedded li., as before, 6" to 3 feet. The two dol. come together at the east. x Zone of melted of intraform. cong. 2 to 4 feet. At thicker place chrys prisms have the from thin bedded li. are pulled of and made into the cong. Thin bedded li., as before with irregular thin gone dol. intref. cong. from 2 to 10 inches. The whole about 10 feet thick. the main part of gone if thin this way for July. Zone (3) Highest gone the red of chalk thin dol. 2 feet. One bed of intref. cong. 4 a flat pellets, li. below. Thin bedded li., as before, 2 to 3 feet The great intref. cong. with large boulders, 20-25' thick

The dol. boulders of all sizes up to & feet long, angular or subangular. Between the layer beds are the thin bedded blue li. all cemented by dol. The material is either fine-grained. At the base some of the large blocks are stuck into 6 inches deep fine grained the top of the thin bedded blue li. we are probing into conglomerate. The blue thin-bedded li. looking across the river one sees two other layer holders up to 6 yards high. Heavy redded blue-grey dol. in 5 or 6 beds, 15 feet. Occasionally there is a coarse purdle of the bedded li. in places with much intruf cong, and some boulders up to 12mths across. Thin bedded dolomitic argil shale ad thaly beds with layered sandy beds. Some intraformational conglomerate, and one good block of dol. 5 feet thick and 10 feet long. The whole is in thickness from 12 to 15 feet, see beyond footnote. Heavy bedded arg. at top of cliff just north of the elec- tric power house. Looking across the river one sees this same deposit opposite the power house. It seems to be from 10 to 15 feet thick. This is the last of the Milton series, The comes in the Highgate series. See remarks further on. The section now takes up at (11) and goes on below into the upper Milton (also see July 6-1922). Finely black shale with thin sandy or intruf cong. 2 feet. Dark-blue grey slaty dol, with thick beds of dol. 2, grey dol. in thick beds 34

"Dark-blue shale crl| with interbedded fossil beds, and some- times sandy lenses (the latter always very thin, 1/6 to 1/8 inch). About 15 feet thick. Near only one for Linfulella. A little lower saw 2 specimens for Linnaromia? Keith during the morning discovered to the north a new locality for what looked like a morning place for Highgate fossils. The sample, hemself there, had large trilobite fragments and a large orthid. Are therefore concluded to go out this afternoon to see the place. The place is marked (5) on map. It is about 2 miles south of the Canadian bridge and about 4 1/2 miles north of Highgate Centre. I soon became suspicious, because the rock appeared to be Senecio slate. Thac it has several beds of an aircations limestone. These beds range from 4-8 inches thick, and there are at least several of them. Are credited as those fearfully hard rocks for two hours and got mains Orthus tricensarin, Dalmanella testudinaria, Calgan. mure Tard, and many fragments of large Illaenoid trilobite, the tails of which suggest Illaenus milleri and Theliprus. As far as seen in the horizon is either Blood River or easy Tantum.

We then went over one-half mile to locality 6 and got a lot of Lingulella like the one I for last July in the Highgate in the village of Highgate Centre. To the west occurs the Milton slate, then at a small church hole the Lingulellas. Further east is a ridge of Highgate limestones like those studied Saturday half a mile south of the Canadian border. These strata are here fearfully marked and twisted so that Keill wants to call them Breafia. To west they are all Highgate and this formation continues to the east side of Rock River. Less than one quarter mile further east occurs the low ridge of Breafia slate with the Mohawkina rocks. All of the upper Ormilton seen in the gorge this morning I should take out of the Ormilton and make a new formation of it. It differs at once from the Ormilton in being dominant limestone, and then tacked on, re- senting in this the Highgate to which it is more closely related than to the Ormilton. The thickness of this new formation is about 110 feet thick.

Highgate Centre, Friday Sep. 22-1922 Started in the gorge of the Minisquoi River, due on the north side of the river. One sees that the dol. at the top of the Section is decidedly an intertr. emyl. Further that there is one apparent contact with the Highgate series. From here upwards in section, and up the river the section is as follows: Basal impure li. filtering close into intert. emyl. below. About one foot thick. 1/2 ft The banded li, seen in the railway cut. 5 feet. It is here in two beds, Lamination equal. See the sample. Intertwined dark blue thinnes of li with darker to black lengy shells. Beds as a rule one and three eighths long. 21 feet. One zone of laminated dull blue li., like the zone below bright thin blue li (1/2 to 1") interbedded. 5 feet. Thin bedded dark blue li. 1 4 Laminated li. as before 1/2 4 Thin bedded li., laminated beds, and intert emyl., with very small fossils. This emyl. is the same thing as the one seen on much one-half miles to the south of Canadian bridge, in the Doravton emplacements. At Highgate this emyl. swells to about one foot in thickness, but at the north it is several foot thick. About 60' Dark blue shale limestone emyl. slightly ochreous. The li., fossils are are small 1-2 wide though some are 4 wide and may occur. Total thickness about 5'6"

Dark blue limy shales, highly schistose. About 15 feet. Then the dark blue slates badly twisted into blocks of dolomite - a layer some of it twisted about. The thickness cannot be determined, but it is large; maybe as Keith has it 200 feet. Then collected in the Milton (Denton says 60 ft below the previous measured section, but one of July 9-1922 shows about 40 to 50 ft). First in Haell Hole where I got a very few Lingulids. Less than 5' farther down there is gone a few feet thick with thin copper-lime-like layers that have a series of my small trilobites. All look to me like Wfu Cambrian. Have one Agnostus jurelika. This is gone (1) in the Milton. Denton collected all morning in the tar fossil horizon. June (2) at Highgate Falls, Pt. The large boulder in thin-bedded dark blue liq, after a Saturday, looks in section like this:- Evenly bedded about 10' long by 5' thick Dent. Cryst. Dent. Cryst.

In the afternoon went to where the Highgate- St Alban's road crosses the Hampstead Brook, thence the east of the road one collected in Stovells locality for fossils and got 3 or 4 trilobite heads. They may be determinable. This is the Highgate slate. Then went down the brook over the falls to the lower flat level. Most of the distance down is on the dip slope of the Highgate dark blue slates and found them all crumbled. Finally to one surprise found them on a lane by a thicket hidden very massive dolomite. Keith thinks it is the Orilton thrust where the Highgate To the east of the road the slates dip to the S.E. There is therefore an anticline here, and probably the one seen under the Highgate Falls bridge. Then went to Rockbridge to see the fine grey limestone (Keelburn) lenticles. Finally about 1/2 mile north to see the fine Orizontian conglomerate overlying the Mallett dolomite. A. Keith gave one a few Lingulellas collected at locality C on maps.

Wijk gate Centu, Sep. 23, 1922. Saturday.

Highgate Centn, Sep. 23, 1922. Saturday. Drive to Orantm and then across the Minisquoi R. to a little S.E. of Orantm to see the marble quarry in the Minrosi. Sit a number of samples. [Later over this place for a conf. contact] Then a little south to Orantm Junction and here saw the Champlain fault. See the Primrosi marble overlie the Chazy marble. Thrust plane almost horizontal. [Conast to the 18 on the lower Philopton section] The Chazy is completely marcelized and at Fonda Quarry is taken out for lime turning. Orantm has photo, of the place of contact. Here in now crushing at the junction such as one would expect. One sees a zone 2 to 4 inch of the Chazy melted as if where and stull to the Primrosi. In the Cave between the two seen this crushed little zone one have ten much thicken. Neverthelso one sees almost no change other than the marcelization of the Chazy and some hardening of the Primrosi. From here to Fonda Quarry the distance is somewhat less than half mile, but the actual distance across is more guaranty mile. During Hunt's lake is about 20 feet. Falls of Mill North through vertical Chazy li. with some of drd. One-eight mile E., in the sticky costamoids dipping Primrosi. Then looked up the Primrosi-Beardmantum contact near Lake Champlain to the S.W. of Parkers Quarry. It is not or once exposed as near Orantm Junction.

(near the Howard farm) At Parkers Quarry got a whole Olycheparia and the head of a large Clevellin thompsoni. This place is on the Milton sheet. The Inarton conglomerate at the western edge of St. Albans and or striking as those between St. Albans and Highgate. White marble beds occur here up to at least six feet long. It is here that Edson got his fossil described by Baberth, here Struve collected this specimen. The Inarton conglomerate to the west of Georgia Center has a more muddy dolomitic paste than usual. Little of the Highgate slubby di. is here. One of the large boulders of white marble = Beltturn or Brilliston! Some of the blocks are at least ten feet long. Here it rests on the Milton. The Keogin slate extends from St. Albans West to near Rugg Brook and here is Aurelia the Mallett. There is then on Chelston, Milton a Highgate here. Below the Mallett comes in the Minorslie.

He tells me that today he found three other [limestone lenticles (more than twenty long)] in the Highgate and not at all in contact with the Drantm empy. This is to the south of Hempstead Forest and over of the Highgate - it Ctans road. He regards them as reef limestone- lenticles - in the Highgate. This then falls in the layer one of Rockledge and the large one of Corlen Ledge. One of those found today was a little below the shale-limestone conglomerate seen near the base of the Highgate formation, in the Highgate Falls gorge. The thickness of the lenticles are 10ft to 15 feet. The Rockledge great men of li. Heilth now thinks lies in the Highgate. It is overlain by a shale-conglomerate but with large limestone pieces than in the gorge of the Highgate. The great lenticle of the Corlen ledge lies in the Drantm conglomerate for beneath are in the Highgate slate. Therefore are these great blocks are connected with the Highgate (not the Corlens ledge one), and may well be reef limestone formed in mud bottom seas, such is now going on in the Mediterranean. If so the strata were overgrown, and the bonding of the slate has nothing to do with seasonal storms and cold months.

Highgate Center, Sep. 24, 1922. Sunday.

Highgate Centre, Sep. 24, 1952. Sunday. After crossing Stumperford Brook on Ht. Abacus road from the farm road to over Grand on High-gate slate and then comes after the afternoon Mielm and the giant Mielm conglomerate. Boulders here up to 3 feet across. To the west comes in micaceous slate that later on turned out to be Colchester, Then the first Lentic to the east, in the (Highgate?) dolomite is about 60 feet long by 10 or so wide. It lies to the north of the road and appears to be a higher one than the other two seen this morning. Then in the lay rise to the west and to the south of the road there is the second Lentic of li. like the Rocklides one. At about 90 feet long along the O-S. Strike, 30 feet wide, and one can see about 6 feet of thickness. This immediately overlain by the Colchester slate. Beneath the Lentic at the southern edge there is a fine-grained dolomite. One can see a good exposure of the fault now, making it quite something like that dip towards the Lentic. About two thirds It appears to be conglomeratic. The felsic core comes once again in slate. To me the dol and li look like lentils but the width up the dip slope appears to indicate that the li may have far more wider than 30 feet. Therefore more circular or in outline. Going over of the hill where we saw still older Colchester slate and still liron slaty unit dol. pebbles, only piece of tr

one foot thick. Then a third dolomite, gone 10-15 foot thick. This rests upon light hardish Colchester slate; the harder layers due to John then goes of oolite stone. The thickness of these slates is large, at least several hundred feet thick. To 15-20 foot of dolomite goes into the slate conglomerate. For 25 foot or the slate is half dolomite or with dol. boulders. Then the dol. parts become smaller, and up to the next dol. gone beneath the level the thickness is something like 50 feet. Most of it is the mic- acaceous greywacke-like slate with tiny lenses of dolo- mite. Farther up the road near the house (see map) there is another level of the same kind of light blue-grey lime- celled limestone. It's about 60' across and oval in out- line. It maybe 20 feet thick above ground. Has a small ridgey markings. See the four small samples. Mark below the level cannot be seen. Above lies a foot thickness of twisted slate, just as all Colchester. Reick gives these lenses as 100 x 60 feet and 105 x 75 feet; "the large axes lying northwest- ortheast." He could not determine the thickness.

"The son of Hugh Omdson near Alto lake at my mentle" seems the local bit is that many years ago an old man, a young man and a boy collected from on this farm and that he could show in the locality. Denton went with him and when left to the place he... and behold he had Earth's, fes- timata, Glenrds and Azolite, June Celestin Lons. Later on he got a few more pieces. On the map I have marked this locality (10) The collectors referred to where Valertt, his father in law Rust and Celestus son Charles. In that the Bull gave formerly Valerett's report. There must be considerably more Celestin here than at the Parkers ledge seen yesterday. In the afternoon at the great Devonian cleft, south of Redledge. Here one area in cleft is 60 to 70 feet long at least 15 foot three or mistum face, and other 3ft to 40 ft can be seen going into cleft ledge. It is bounded on three sides by cleft. What it lies upon can't be seen but presumably the slate. A little farther down the ledge Heck slate is exposed, presumably the high gate. It looks more Celestin like and in other Calomitic 65 x 15 x 30 ft section face of feet (i.) slate, Li may part on slate B 1276

"The detailed structure of this Boulder shews that it had been metamorphosed and how structure developed type interment in the Oranite conglomerate. It has heeled off some rocks that have been broken apart and in the floor of the may lie dropped about. Besides we see the lines of flow in many places, and even folding upon itself. When did this metamorphism take place? Certain type interment in the Oranite Congl., and this means before Middle Ordovician. To do this rocks must have been made at the close of the Cambrian, i.e. after Billiston Limestone time. If this argument is correct then we have have the evidence of O's for which glaciers may have flown into the seas of Billston River Time underlying these Oranite Congl. The simpler explanation is that these lie are reef limestones and that they originally were modular, and in place small pellets became clastic. Of course the whole was diagenetically altered during deposition. Then when the Appalachians arose made the limestone was subjected to intense pressure bringing on the final and present metamorphoses." Highgate Centre, Sep 20-1922 Monday.

High gate Center, Sep. 25 - 1922. Monday. fairly windy A cold bright morning and at 8.30 A.M. we are off for Burlington. We are taking with us all of the fossils and molds collected. First photo (2) of the limestone about 4 miles N. of Shells Corners. The author of the great mess at Prindle. We then waited in Leith to talk over the 65 foot long boulder observed yesterday. Keith thought it might be a lesser form in the cape, but after noting all the crape and speculation about the man he concluded it must be a boulder of one of the Chelsea cliffs. To me there is no doubt about its being a boulder, and it might even much longer than 65 feet, because to the north it appears that the line men continues something like 20 feet further. Then went on to Burlington where we had lunch. At 2.30 we collected in the Brillion Limestone at locality (12) on the Winestory Road beside a very small school house about 6 miles N.-E. of Burlington. Duntan found a huge dolomite horizon with small bryozoans and at least one species of trilobite. They all look to me like Ordovician, and the brachydia like those of the Quebec embay. See the lots of forms,

Looked at a number of other exposures going south to Hinstroy but in one place I did see another trilobite fragment. The Billiston is mainly a limestone formation [illegible] in very deep beds. Here and there are dolomite zones from one to several feet thick, and in a dark blue we are for the fossils. Some of the lie, the crinoids are less than once a less but the white mm granu- lar magnif and is my oechistric. In such material we can get no fossils except on weathered surfaces. The dolomites do not flow and that is the reason why we get what are dict. At one place we also saw some slate, dark blue. When Keith came to Hinstroy he told me that he had found a fine Lower Cambrian fossil locality, half- mile N.E. of Fmela Junction [= Martin junction on map]. Here olenides occurs in abundance and in better and harder rock than the olddom locality found yesterday morning. A little to the. East the Mallett is repeated by one thrusting; see the line of outcrops marked in my map by Keith. He thinks this may become a famous Chechester fossil place. It was a cold windy miserable day, and without chance for collecting. Brandon, Sep 26 1972. Tuesday.

Brandm, Sep. 26-1922. Tuesday. Stopped last night at Hinesbur. This morning there is some ice on the truckety ornith. There were therefore a heavy frost last night. The trees are beginning rapidly to take on the colors of a brilliant fall. The day is bright and the scene is bracing us. This morning we went north five miles to see if one could get more fruits in the Brillistm. All is or ochistme here as to be more hokelan than farther north. At 11.05 are head south for Brandm via Bristol, Middlebury and Salisbury. Arrive at the [illegible] Inn at 1.50 P.M., waited for the Keiths until 2.10 and then had dinner. When one came out Keith had telephoned that he would meet us at 3.30. He turned up at 3.45. The three of us then started for the Brillistm formation about 1 1/2 miles north and south a little of the railway where it turns once to this mile. Here we saw several cephalopods logs and smaller, but still more closely septate, tent for forebore to the inch. Also saw me small Ophileta (have it) and one at midas large as the me did in July 11, 1922. The latter had about 40 whorls. Also one Erinoid stem about me nick log with a large central canal = acysted stem.

Overly in the Billiton occurs the supposed Beelmann Town, near the supposed base of its then great just has an atter 6 feet of dolomite and limestone. In this series there is about some marble below for thence goes, the dolomite dominating. Here we saw of crinoidal columns. Reich left us at about 5:30 to stop over tonight at Rutland, and tomorrow sail on for rest of Castleton. Denton and I will stop one night at the fancy Brandon Inn and come to monar all day at the Billiton and the supposed Beelmann Town.

Brandon, Vt., Sep. 27-1922. Wednesday, (authographic dict.) Spend the morning at Locality (N) one-half mile S. and S. of Brandon, in the Belliston formation. Saw the same thing as last July with Keith. Then drove to the western end of Loc. (N) at the little quarry beside the road. At this place Keith thinks the Bellman Town lies conformably upon the Belliston. After five miles but they are as little the Belliston was that no difference in formations can be seen. In the afternoon went to Loc. (D) about 3 miles S. E. of Brandon. Here increase exposures are shown of my three beds that are alternations of cinoidal li. with dol. a smgy. li. In the cinoidal li. there is much crystalline circular spots that suggest drawn out Raphidoma-like structures. In some cases they appear to be their nature for certain. If this is so then there is due far more fine material than in the Belliston and besides no fust, like those occur in the latter form- ation. Also there are here no cyphal forms. On the south side of the road there a little cliff and it is of shiny sandstones of my fine pair. At 3 P.M. concluded that one could do no more to tr advantage, and concluded to go on to Castleton. SA to

Rusland at 5 P.M. and at Castleton at 5.30. About two miles west of Castleton Reith on his way to Rusland stopped us. He said he had a good day fishing at Lowan Cumbria slota. He gave me some Lingadella not of the L.C., that he got 2 miles (? A. M.) of Fair Haven, H. I see no reason why Lac (17) of maps may not be Beelmontown. It is a thiers series of very thick laddled ool. interbedded with limestone. All one then and on overthrew surfaces are decidedly bandled. In the ool. we sees our fossils but all of the limestones are apt to show crinoidal fragments and tiny ones and then there is a layer with calcite in somewhat cir- cular masses as drawn out. These support Raphis- ting and other part, with large umbilicus. Since these shells are thick this may be reason why they close are preserved in these intensely squeezed out flown matrices. While we cannot prove that the beds are Beelmontown yet what evidence there is, is that they are of this age. Stopping at The Maples. Castleton, H. Sep. 28 1922. Karodag.

Castleton, D. Sep. 28-1922. Thursday. Fine long grand day. Started at 8 A.M. in the East Castleton slate quarry. Here the purple slate about 20-feet thick is underlain by 35 feet of thin bedded limestone. They have Erdisocus spe- cious, Phlygus senescens, and Ozolithellius cricatus, but at any specimens are found. The first is the common fossil. At noon went to Cedar Point to see the slate quarry in operation. There seems a closed and contoured syncline with fine slate above the red and filled outside by the limestone. Here in the limestone one also saw Er- diocus. Then drove back to collect in the Lower Cambrian limestones at Glen Lake. Stone from Erdisocus, several small Orlidae and what appears to be Andilla togensis. Then drove north around Half Moon, Black, Bridge, Rock and Austin Point and then south for Huttardston, Wallace Ledge, and Jms Quarry to the Hotel. Jms quarry no lignite shows the structure as 14 months ago.

Castleton, Nt., Sep. 29-1932. Friday, At 7.45 we are off for Dart Ruffland. Here we looked for fossils in the abandoned marble quarries to the north of those in operation. Beneath the marble horizon are dark-grey cl. and it is in these beds that we bear again the footprints shown one last year by Keith. Saw nothing else but three Raphistoma. Have a nice specimen with some of them in. Then looked at the main marble quarries a little further east in Dart Ruffland. At 11 A.M. we headed south and at 6 P.M. put up at the Kerry Hotel for the night. This is at Pittsfield Man. Passed through Willimantown at 4.30 P.M.

[illegible]

Pittsfield, Mass., Sep. 30-1922. Saturday. At 7.30 we started home via Lenox, Baringtn, Bratbry and Derby. but to Storm Lake, at 3 P.M. During the past two weeks are drove 840 miles, and in the same stretch had the first and only flaw out. Had no rain during those two weeks and of me disagreeable windy and cold day. All in all the trip was a good one and reflect considerate our souls.

New Haven, Conn October 6-1922

New Haven, Conn October 6 1922 Started this Friday morning very early from my room on 79 Wall street at 6 A.M. in Dentar and Le Vere cars for the New England Intercollegiate Geological Excursion. Besides those mentioned and Miss Trimm are had the following graduate students: Miss Jennie Hart, Messrs Block, Werner and Lewis (and wife). We started from New Haven to Chicopee Falls were we arrived at 10 A.M. The object of the excursion was to study the tumbled nature of the Champlain Clays and its significance under the guidance of Doctor Ernst Antons and Professor J.B. Goldthwait. Lay over at Mt 35 or one o'clock. Besides students we had Dr M Rice, Goldthwait, James (Mt Unit), Brimm (Brim Unit), Dorothy Dayles, Loomis (Amherst), Perkins (Prairie), Sidney Page (U.S.N.), Grastini (geographer), and Miller (Smith).

Centers explained to us a little of the lighter or lower summer layers and the darker winter bands. His interest in these bands is not so much the principles of sedimentation as their chrono-logic significance. He there- fore is always on the lookout for the dark blue green very fine paired winter layers that he refuses to as the snowy layers. During the summer when the ice melts, the sediment is brought to the lake and the course material is soon deposited. I was surprised to see that it is this summer material that is raising bands, consisting of coarse material of various degrees and colors. It is often the grain over of seed. deposited in any year, and when the banding is thick it makes up as much as 98% of the whole seed layered down in any one year. Usually the summer layers may in thickness between 1/4 to 7/8 inch, but may get sufficient coarse sands and muds. In sedimentology most may be learned from the summer layers but for chronology dependence is had in the winter

lagus. The winter lagus consist of the very fine mud, in fact the material is so fine that in the form it has no gritty feeling and smires like fat, therefore enters "fusy lagus". Sometimes it is [illegible] by a single layer of coarser material, and it may be to one, but I saw not me such alter- ation. It is the fine mud held in sus- pension during the summer, but when the surface of the lake freezes over in the winter this sediment slowly separate out. In the spring come the first coarse material on the top and then [illegible] law the fine muds. There always the lined separation between the winter layer and the summer one is exceeding sharp. The winter layers may in thickness from 1/4t, rarely more than 1e of an inch; yet to this is the common thickness. The deposits visited are the following: Centers locality 9 (see his large jacket map) near junction of Chicopee and Connecticut rivers, southeast of Chicopee village. Here is

mud exposed in a field and pit about 5 to 10 feet of varved clays terminated at the top by 4 feet of unlamnated sands. Visited morning of Oct 6, 1922. Then had lunch at Holyoke. Antwr Antws Locality 14 on the main road from South Hadley Falls to South Hadley, 3/4 mile N.E of village South Hadley Falls, and to lazy brook. Travel to another - an abandoned pit - clay pit order are say summer layers, ore, say act near four feet thick, with the winter layers about 1/2 inch thick. Stone sand dominated, much of which was cross- fedded by riffing action. Stopped over night at Grant Holyoke College in the College Inn. Saturday morning visited Antws Loc. 24 about 2 miles N.E of Amherst, Mass in the of clay pit locations. Clay R.R.

Well. Now the clays are much disturbed and now is a till layer here 18 miles thick during a read space of the ice. There may be this much. The folded and crushed clays are due to the pushing of the ice. I did not have time to study this fit to advantage. Had lunch at Northampton and then motored back to New Haven. At 4 P.M. rain set in, got home at 8 P.M. It was a very instructive trip.

New Haven, Conn. Oct 13-1922 Left at 5.12 P.M. and got to N.Y. City at 8.30 the train being late over 30 minutes. Put up at the Commodore and had to dinner Doctor Stroganow. Retired 11 P.M. New York City, Oct 14, 1922. Saturday. Left on the 8.30 A.M. train for Princeton to spend the day with Dr. B. F. Morse to see his Cambrian fossils collected last summer at St. Albans and north to Stirkate. Had him first tell me his idea of the sequence, but found he had no very clear view. He has however plotted a good deal of what he saw, and his interpretation of this one to Keith might to straighten out matters considerably. Besides I then explained to him the sequence as det. by Keith, and I feel he had no Mid. Cambrian, but in the end it appears that he actually has such, confirming Edom's collection. Edom is now dead, and Beecroft just has the fossils he listed. Edom's collectioni

know is still in the family and Mrs Edom is demented. Perkins had tried to buy the collection and it was he who urged him to Meet. It seems that Edom was a janitor in St Albans and collected oides and jupus located his finds. Great empl. in Adams Partnerships St. Albans. To me several small app this empl. looked like the Saurians but out of the dark hue hi. Edom for the Paradoxides illustrated by Daleott. This in itself does not lead that M.C. is here in site, but once the empl. occurs a dark micaceous slate that in the form 30 ft gilded to Edom another Paradoxides and to Shreel one their 100 finds that appear to be of M.C. time. As Agnostus is common here, and as this genus does not occur in the L.C., these slates can't be Colchester. The Agnosti are not the high slate forms and so there is indicated by them a M.C. formation that must come in above the Colchester and beneath the Milton.

Therefore this conglomerate may make the = of the Swantum and if it is then the Swantum does not lie immediately beneath the Georgia slate - Mohawkian. The question also arises in this giant cmpl. at the base of the M.C. and is or in the midst of the M.C. shale. The forms in the li. petter are M.C. and therefore therefore there must be M.C. li. below the cmpl. The cmpl. cannot be intraformational once it has various kinds of li. petter, the white marble kind as large as 5 or 6 full acres. Then maybe out of the Otobester. The entire section between St. Althaus Bay and St. Althaus needs to be restudied. Just east of St. Althaus Bay occurs the L.C. sequence See my map for the loc. of Chesterian forms. A little further east and to the south of the road is a cmpl. hard to see. What is the age of this cmpl. and now what does it lie? Further east and on the north side of road is the Odamus faster cmpl. above described. It maybe that all the slate hereabouts in M.C., and not at all Georgia as Keith defines it.

"Dunells letter to one dated Sep. 6, 1922 says "I got several hundred fossils—mostly trilobites, but a few brachiopods—from half a dozen lots. along the general strike of what I presume is Dr. Keith's "Proctus emblemerati." I never found any fossils in what should be calcareous was the matrix of the coal. I got them only in the pellets, so far as I could be sure about the matter. "But I got similar fossils in a Haack shale stratifying the coal at Ucdanns Posture St. Altaus— similar to those found in the pellets, but not neces- sarily the same." "Anywhere did I find a fauna that, as a fauna, reminded me of any of the Paradoxides faunas of northeastern N.A. or of Europe; but I did find a few specimens of what certainly seemed to be Paradoxides, and some of the other species collected might once belong in a Paradox- ides fauna." In the coal just north of Sheehy Corner he got a good Paradoxides out of a gray li. pellet "that may indicate early Paradoxides time, mostly older than any P. fauna yet disc- evered".

" Such field evidence as I saw would seem To me to indicate that the fossils of the cyl. are probably all of about the same age, and not much older than the matrix." Adams Pottine, St. Allans. Shales above cyl. Just above the cyl. occurs a zone of white quartzite, fine grained, that has remains of very small strolites (3/16 inch acorn, and round) and Linnarsonia like the ones just north of the Chichester one mile N.W. of Highgate Centre. It also has numerous fragments of trilobites. This quartzite has considerable jellastic white mica, and has none of the wind blown sand seen so much in the giant cyl. Higher occur the dark blue micaceous rim-stained marl like limy shales. Some beds are an impure li. It has the Agnostus cretoides type, Ptychoparia, very rare Linpulella and some common plates of cystids, but no Ostracods. Edom put out of this shale a Para- doxides.

"Grantm Cmpl, just north of Sheels Corners, here dark blue li. fossils, more a few Orapesian have Agnostus like those of Adams Pasture, also some trilite tails with prominent rounded pleura, maybe of Ptz- Alparia, and other smaller tails that to me suggested Dilhel Defholus, Also larger ones one red worm with many segments. I also had it in 1921 and sent it to Keith at Drakington. He also some sort of a tube about this size -> exceedingly finely limed by joint narves, It is what Dyzolithus. Smaller had no joints only the white lining. Howell found a giant cmpl about me- half mile east of the road crossing over Rugg Brook on the road towards (not) St. Albans Hill, The fossils here due little those near Sheels Corner. The same ridge farther S.S, is crossed by the E.W grad a little south of Parkers Quarry last to Benjia Centu, There an Agnostus more like Josephua. The age is not certain, may be Up C. but more just. Mid. C.

On the north slope of Parkers Denay and the hill to the north, therefore six pieces of very decomposed shell limestone with many foris. Olecellus obsest, tails of Bathyotus holopza and heads of Portiforus senectus. = Colchester. In the slate just east of the bridge on Hungr pond Brook therefore six about 2 dozen foris out of the Highgate. The costid colum- nols. One large orthrid is much along hinge line; has no spines or plication, but there are bundled or striate like the Hy. C. Jamozella. Also Agrostus¹⁰² of Hy. C. type like this: []. Also may hold bite payments, but the three that Dunbar six are as good or better than any debor.

Sunday Oct. 15 1922. Aur [illegible] City

Sunday Oct. 15, 1922. Our San City Attended all day the Council Meeting of the Fed. Soc. of America as President. Present: Treas. Matthews, Secretary Hry J.C. White, Washington, Vaughan, P.T. Hill, Henry Lewis (Fr. Min. Soc.), Kemp, Stratton, Matthews. The session began at 9.30 and lasted until 5 P.M. Transacting the ordinary routine business of the Society.

doc 121 [ c. Schuchert O O O O O O O O O c. O. Dauber. ] Firm Greiner GE

doc 121 Fam Berner ye

From Miss Hart Dayport, Oct 1925 2050 doc 121

From Main Street Ogden, Utah 1922 2000 doc 121

Tom Meis Dart Dayton, Oct. 1922 205U doc. 121

From Miss Hart Claypit, Oct, 1922 doc. 121 2050

doc. 121 Map of Marked AUTO TRAILS IN NEW ENGLAND WE SELL SO SOCONY NEW YORK CITY. MOTOR GASOLINE STANDARD OIL CO. OF N.Y. Look for this Sign STANDARD OIL CO. OF N.Y. Uniform Quality Best Results Compliments of STANDARD OIL CO. OF NEW YORK

SOCONY Polarine For Motor Lubrication Socony Polarine Oil is the direct road to lubrication satisfaction. It does not break up and run thin when the engine heats, but reduces friction to a minimum. It burns up clean and goes out with the exhaust, leaving the least possible carbon. Socony Polarine is also made in a Heavy and Extra Heavy body, for use where heavier oils are required. For transmissions and dif- f-erentials, Socony Polarine Gear Oil and Socony Polar- ine Gear Compound are best. Socony Tractor Oil has been especially devel- op-ed and is recommended for use on all types, makes and sizes of tractors.

The Sign of a Reliable Dealer and the World's Best Gasoline "Every Gallon the Same" Wherever you get Socony Gasoline it is uniform in quality and power. Makes frequent carburetor adjustments unnec- essary—burns up clean—gives big mileage per gallon. Socony is sold all over New York and New England—in the small hamlet as well as the large cities. At filling time stop at any ga- rage, service station or dealer where you see the red, white and blue Socony Sign. STANDARD OIL CO. OF NEW YORK

PETEBORO - PENNYS OTTER LAKE GREENFIELD N.H

POST CARD CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS ONLY

BIRDSEYE VIEW OF LUDLOW, VT

Pub. by W. N. Peterson, Ludlow, Vt. POST CARD. PLACE STAMP HERE. — UNITED STATES AND CANADA ONE CENT. — FOREIGN TWO CENTS. THIS SPACE MAY BE USED FOR MESSAGE. THIS SPACE FOR ADDRESS.

The Summit of Mt. Mansfield Looking Across the Northern Range of the Green Mountains of Vermont. Portugrie

POST GM GMCCO C O SERIES CARD This Space may be used for Correspondence The Address Only to be written Here. 43288—PUB. BY GREEN MOUNTAIN CARD CO., WHITE RIVER JUNCTION, VT. “Scenic Vermont Series,” No. 3116.

Bostwick A VIEW OF THE STATE ROAD, LUDLOW, VT.

Pub. by W. N. Peterson, Ludlow, Vt. THIS SPACE MAY BE USED FOR MESSAGE. POST CARD. PLACE STAMP HERE. UNITED STATES AND CANADA ONE CENT. FOREIGN TWO CENTS. THIS SPACE FOR ADDRESS.

Killington from Billings Bridge, Rutland, Vt. A journey the Green Mts.

POST CARD This side for Correspondence. This side for Address.

"Old Killington." A fork of the Green Mt

Post Card T. CO. '17

Mt. Hanley, West Rutland, Vt. The Marble Belt lies to the east of these mts. The high mts on are Phyllites.

POST CARD This side for Correspondence This side for Address

Pico Peak from a Roadway in Mendon, Vermont One of the Green Mts. T. Co. 10

POST CARD This side for Correspondence. This side for Address.

Bird Mountain from Lake Bomoseen Vermont. A gem of the Adirondacks

POST CARD This side for Address

VIEW FROM LUSWETT RESIDENCE PETERBOROUGH N.H.

POST CARD CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS ONLY

MONADNOCK MOUNTAIN FROM PETERBOROUGH, N.H.

POST CARD CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS ONLY

SUNSET LAKE & PETERBORO MT. GREENFIELD, N. H

POST CARD CORRESPONDENCE ADDRESS ONLY

Rand McNally OFFICIAL 1921 AUTO TRAILS MAP DISTRICT NUMBER 6 NEW ENGLAND EASTERN NEW YORK TRAILS MAIN AUTO ROADS POPULATION FIGURES OBLONGS RIVER OR STREAM MILEAGE SHOWN TRAIL MARKINGS

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To Our Motoring Friends: Every motor highway and byway throughout New York and New England is a part of the long "Socony Trail". It is our hope that this map may help guide you on many interesting and enjoyable trips -- and that Socony Gas- o-line and Socony Polarine will be your chosen and efficient servants all along the way.

"Motoring Friends: Every motor highway and byway throughout New York and New England is a part of the long "Socony Trail". It is our hope that this map may help guide you on many interesting and enjoyable trips—and that Socony Gasoline and Socony Polarine will be your chosen and efficient servants all along the way.