Field Notebook: Maine, New Jersey, Vermont 1923

doc. 0122 Vermont, 1923 Maine, 1923 New Jersey, 1923 Memoranda

doc. 0122 Schuchert, Charles 1923 7430 Vermont 7147 Aug. 9-19, 1923 7431 - Maine Sep. 9-15, 1923 7495 New Jersey Oct. 1-6, 1923 ]

August 9-1923 Thursday. Springfield to Castleton. Left our haven at 7.34 a.m. for Spring- field to meet Raymond. At 9.45 we are off for Northern Vermont, my fourth geological trip to see the Cambrian. Passing through Bernardston, Mass., a few miles south of the Vermont border, Raymond pointed out the old locality for supposed Lower Helder- berg crinoid stems. The locality is about 1/4 mile north of the Bernardston Inn on the west side of the road back on the hill about 1/2 mile from the road. Formerly there was a small limestone quarry here. The li. has a thickness of not more than 5 feet and is undulating ly slate full of tiny positive casts. The li. is changed to marble and is drawn out, but in places has glistening surfaces as if of silon mica. Crinoid stems are common. Then Raymond told me he got what appears to be Tarsoits but that more show structure under the microscope. He then showed me two speci- mens that I have taken along. They maybe similar to many of Tarsoits, but then must be proving that they are.

Ann subsequently and the words, The old Two of the way, and but that's wards. have at Be the d to propel The ol ol, he

down the hill from the hi, are exposures of white quartzite and a drawn out quartzite augitic granite but there is no feldspar. Besides it is a quartzite. The slate with the small poxite cube appears to me to be the same seen with Downton in the slate quarry north of the Men- Vt. line. Here the little spots must also be some mineral and not otherdo. Have taken along the specimen I found here at the Bernadothm place. The drive up to Castleton and put up at the Maples at 6.30 P.M. The day was one of the finest, sunny and cool. We came about 130 miles.

All of the Jones Hill specimens came at once above a fine portland dolomite showing that it the was deposited in shallow waters.

Aug. 10, 1923, Friday Castleton to St Altaus. First collected in the New Redden Loran Cambrian limestone at West Castleton near Lake Bromseem. Took nothing away because I got little of value. Raymond collected some Eodiscus species, Hyolithellus. In one lignite got considerable papretay trilobites that appear to be of Mesomaein, and Ptychous. He will let me know what the origin of those. We than arail mott and before setting to Hyde Mann came upon the slaty Trenton li. That the extends north beyond Ludhington. Saw no recognizable fossils. The Trenton, Chazy and Bed mantown series continues north by Middle- lying to at 3 1/2 mile north of New Genres where occurs (Middle Chazy). Took nothing from any of those places. Then stopped at Jones Hill and looked again at the Armotom and quartzite and took away a few specimens. Lorn-cracked, rain pits and rippled. Then looked at the lighter colored Dinosotti dol. out to of the red Arnoton a little further,

Raymond thinks the dolomite was not laid down in the regular diagenetic way.

Hellburne. Took grey sand examples because of the distinctly reddish or sandy nature of the dolomite. The Chert here in the upper layer is interstrred with dolomite, and as a rule the latter is cream red, being then in sharp contrast with the sandy red Chert. Then looked at the Chert in the Phelps Stone quarry in Smith Burlington. As a rule here the Chert is a fine grained red quartzite but very rare and then there is a white or pink band bed of quartzite. When there is a shale parting it is [illegible] eroded, and sometimes vein fitted. All are shallow water formations. All of the Chert and the Lower Iron rocks are of very shallow water deposition.

This is the same mallet seen in the quarries at Philipstown, Canada. The Brinrothi clip is bet. 10 and 15 degrees. This upper Mallett dol. expl. Keith refers to the Milton. This to me is a mistake, and all the space required to get in the full thickness of the mallet.

August 11, 1953 St. Albans. Saturday Drove just to near St. Albans Bay and here to my surprise came to [illegible] a great deal of twisted marble that must be Bedlamite. Drove fine examples of dolomite beds carefully fragmented and dragged by the flying marble. Then returned back across the Champlain flats to the fair hill's escarpment to the north of the St. Albans Bay and going a kind of road. Gradually we again saw the Bedlamite marble, then a round area of flat or more like the Drinows no contact between Bedlamite and Drinows in view. The marble is present in full face. We then walled across three ridges of it when it gradually gave way to the Mallett. Near the base of the Mallett occurs a 30 foot zone (or thicker) of sandy dolomite conglomerate. The blocks are up to 3 feet across, angular and dis- posed in one direction, and rather scattered in the Mallett sandy dolomite. At the road south to Rug's Creek there is Mallett with some clay, and again further south of this road where the Mallett comes up. It is here a dark blue coarse sandy dol. A little further east occurs Celestine Shale. This must be the place

There are very few of women settled li. e.g. In the great cryl mountains. 1924 see if there is Chakata both below and above the Great Crylamnts.

Orcheston The cyl. dips about 20 degres to the east and is layers made up of a white limestone more or less hols- get that we have it called the Hellburne. It may just as create the lense whitle li. of the Celechester. Pors may laye blocks of it 2 to 6 for across, and are 10' long. There are also pieces of the Mallett sandy dol. but apparently more of the Highgate li. than houlded limestone. This appears to me to be Celechester shale lath-holes and especially about the lower ends, [illegible] Dorrell's, nice guard gates with small heels, are waiting for the sand filling between the li. boulders of the cyl. They are therefore of the age of the deposit and are not for blocks in the cyl. as Reid thinks. In one place above through, in the Celechester I get what appears The Lattrellia? May may not the Lower Cambrian here fan into the Ordovician fauna and then into my cap Ordovician Cambrian. No Millin was seen, nor is the shale

Raymond found two good but small jettles full of fossils that appear to him to be of Milton agein. Therefore the Devonian expl. in if post Miltm age, yes can form jettles even it cuts in the Jettles Head slate.

above the coal, like the Highgate slate. Spent the afternoon with Raymond to see the Intram coal measure at Ore II, Rockledge and again just north of Keeler Corners. Raymond was all stumped on the large hack of white cL in the coal of Ore II. We talked much- about it but came to no solution of it. This big mass of white cL has quite a number of pieces of dol. scattered through it that appear to be hacks of dol. broken up by the flow of the cL. The flow structure is very intricate. When was this flow produced, definite deformations in the coal, or at the late Paleogic time of deformation. there is no question that the Intram here rests on the Highgate Hack and Hemdell slate. A little farther over in the Milton dol. Rock ledge cL also clearly rests on the Highgate Hack slate. At Keeler Corners we did not stay long.

All the fossils are of the Upper Cambrian. No Lower Cambrian was seen. The Mayre Ledge abounds in the coarse round grain sandstone, in the basal layers, far more than elsewhere. Hidden up it is or common among the Li. forests. It rained here and we had to leave the Mayre Ledge before our work finished.

August 12, 1923. Sunday. St. Alans, St. Spent the morning looking for fossils on the Corbin Ledge, five miles n.e. of St. Alans. We saw a few cephalopods and quite a lot of Milton fragmentary trilobites. Left one, Ampeya like, that Raymond says is one of Billings Levi emyl. Specim. and the second specimen thrown. The Corbin ledge le. emyl. has an interesting slope gone at the north end about 4-5 feet thick. There in the Corbin conglomerate; there is little sand here and the limestone are almost degreezled and some what schistose. There are considerable high pots thought led hi, pieces, some sandy dolomite of the Mallett, and Schellburne. The whole standard shift angle, about 60 to 70 degrees, clegroupes, dipping east. In the afternoon we went to the Mazze Ledge about two miles north of St. Alans. There there is part clear of the Devonian angle, Schellburne, that attains what we felt thin. One third of hi, is fully 20 feet high. Here there is around 1/ of the Schellburne on the, some Mallett. The valley to the east is '1/2 mile wide, and the Mallett makes the western ridge. There is an Ovidton; As known Highgate level rocks there must be buried in low action. The Sky foot blue slate and the Calchester.

The Celestun becomes at the top more mixed- mores and dolomite and finally dolomite. Then more shale and finally the thick series of Onilton dolomite.

August 13 - 1953, Monday. High gate Centre - St. Alfons. Went south east of St. Alfons to the frontm employment locality west of Georgia Centre. Saw nothing new. Then went to Pdykus Ledge and collected some Lower Cambrian material in the Arfon onicoceras rusty slate. Raymond was much pleased with the locality as some years ago he tried to find the place and failed, for a far ordinary species. Then drove north to the Hiltfons Bay road to make some of the succession up to the Adams Pasture employment. Where the N-S. road enters the St. Alfons Bay road then in Milton d/Monte, going a little south on the road we came upon the little cliff base for ham situated by Reitz having the Ordovician slate. Then the Mallett d/Monte lower down. The latter, lower, is very thin, just less than 20 feet thick. Where I saw it on the St. Alfons road on Aug 11 it in the as farth more seeing Aug 13 base of the Mallett and an enigmatic; yet here can be seen to near on the transition series to the Ordovici. Therefore the succession to the Adams Pasture is normal Over the Milton should come the Hlgate but all is crowded. It may be that the so-called Middle Cambria

Stopping again at the Green Fisher Inn at 6th- Fifth Centre. After to supper.

is nothing more than Highgate Carboniferous, certain it is that the shale on each side of the Conglomerate is alike to those all of Dorset's fossils come from above the Conglomerate. Either the Conglomerate is folded into the slates or the conglomerate is one of the Dorsetian; or at once if the Dorsetian places, the shale to the east are not Serpion in the sense that they any Bunter formation age. He may have a shale here but not the Drillington and Keythorpe. The succession from St Albans Bay to Alders Poston must be repeated from the Magpie Conglomerate to the west, that where we did not see the Millton. There is a question in Raymond's mind as to whether we have seen any Millton. It maybe that the Cretaceous has dolomite goes in it. Certain it was so at Partners Ledge before we came upon the thick mass of dolomite, correlating with the Millton. Then drove to the Cretaceous locality about 3/4 mile N.E. of Dorset Junction. Here there is a big quarry for the flood shale. Dr. Raymond got a fine bit since Morner's we saw of those shales 20 to 30 feet. They so into a stiff dolomite in the face of which occurs Olivoids. Then comes in a mass of dolomite 200 to 300 feet thick that must be the Millton. Then a fault repeating the section with then more shale followed by more dolomite,

August 14 - 1923. Tuesday. Highgate Center, Ill. Caught rock all morning in the Mississippi River near Highgate Falls. Got the greatest depth material from the main locality of last year in the Upper Milton. Raymond hopes to make the list later or may try to go after trilobites. In the afternoon, just went to Highgate hill, place in pasture just outside of Highgate Center. Raymond got some material and I got about 10 Lingulella acuminata. Then to the railway cut in the Highgate hi. Got no fossils. Then to the little road metal quarry at the top of the Caledonia. Got a few Linnarasmella and Dero there. Raymond got what maybe - hypothy Dictyomena and a worm tube. Have reside of the cutter. Then to the conglomerate in the Middle Mal- lott. An international engl. rock. Here up to 3 p.m.

Then to Highgate Li, locality 2 miles north of Highgate Centre. Raymond got some from tillite material. Then went to Gore School to see the hand slate. Then collected some from tillite in the Gore School road about 1/2 mile N.E. of Highgate Centre. It is raining a little this evening.

All as all my Arpne Higate material today than are previous collections. With what we have Raymond should come to be able to fix once difficulty the journal relations.

August 15, 1973. Wednesday. Highgate Center, N.Y. Collected in the Minisquoi gorge at the upper locality, east of the rock dump and our good place. Got some interesting hacklades. Raymond got a few from things above the Millen cryolinite. Then went to the quarry bed in the Millen but failed to get anything. Then went to the Highgate li. pasture just on the eastern outskirts of Highgate Center. Finally found one piece of li. that yielded about 12 pieces of trial bits. Turned them all over to Raymond. These forms link the Highgate li. with the Millen and one lead [? Sandra] looks like Upper Cambrian. In the afternoon visited all of the Highgate localities north of Highgate Center, A at 1 and 2 on map got nothing. At 3 the fine li. emyl. at the top of the Highgate was seen. In the sandstones at 5 Raymond took away some material but I collected only outcrops and gave them to Raymond. He was inclined to correlate the place

1924. There must have been folding at the close of the Highgate if there is an angular unconformity between it and the Redmarion outcrop.

with the Beellmantown. These limy sandstones are near the base of the Benjia, other in the next field to the west we sees the thin redded limestone of the Highgate. At locality #4 near the Canadian border we got considerable material from the basal Benjia in Beellman town. At first Raymond was disposed to interpret the contact between the Benjia and Highgate li, as one of non thrusting, but clearly he cannot be so. Later on he admitted that. The contact is an angular one, but the highly folded nature of the Highgate li. and the Benjia was all produced at one time. There could on there have been mountain oralling at the close of the Cambrian. The Cambrian was partly scraped some at the close of this period, than eroded and finally overlapped by the Benjia in Beellman town time.

It is about 2 miles across from St. Armand to Phillipstown, and age is Belmonton, lying at low dips, about 10 to 20 degrees, to the E. or S.E. Towards the railway there is some reversed dips and here Logan has described a syncline. This is the actual Champlain fault of Logan. With Cham- plain fault in the next one east.

August 16, 1923 Thursday. St Armand - Phillipstury - Mystic, Quebec Started north into Canada to follow the Cambrian formation, went north along Rich River, North of the Broad. by about 1/2 mile or more where the road crosses Rich River there is a fall in Rock river. Here may be seen in Lot 123 of Elks only the Seagria slate, and beneath the fifth satellite. The contact is open an uneven formation we can't striking dips on either side. Rappaud calls it a north thrust, but to me it is now once an overthrust than the one seen last evening 1/2 miles south of the Broad. Another half mile to the N.W. are due Mallett not much quarry sheet. Here no contacts with Lami- formations could be seen. We see Mallett all along east of the Vermont Central railway to St. Armand. It makes primarily exposures in low hills. To the west, i.e., St. Armand lies, are all Beeldmantown. Between lies two land of the Champlain Plain, along it runs the railway. At the south end of the village of Phillipstury, the contact of Lower Beeldmantown on the 'Utica' - Cambrian may be seen. The dip of the former is 10 to N to S.E., while the chalk lies also beneath an much distorted and triturated, old times not quarry ruins, and it has.

Out of me of these li. Raymond got a smoke piece with some hackyords. This may assist identify the design.

One full mile overlying the beds of dolomite. Forms are in the Beekmantown until 1200 feet above this contact. Whether these are the = of Brainerd - Kelep A and B is unknown, One half mile north of Phillipsburg there is a large marble quarry in the Lower Beekmantown. About 30 feet of this down is here shown, and are a whitish mottled limestone. Have taken four samples. Logan gives this same as 100 feet. There are about 200 feet more of Beekmantown. Going north from St. Germain to Bedford one remains in the western and but little disturbed southern sheet of the Beekmantown. The dips are always low, from 10 to 45 depths. About 2 miles north of St. Germain got some overlying dipping Beekmantown = Carolina Rafinesque just before getting into Bedford the beds limestone steepers almost to vertical, and when get to the first houses one are in dark blue shale with an occasional carboniferous limestone. In Bedford at the falls of the "Pike" river there much shale that looks like the familiar Hight- gate slate. 20 min stream a short distance may be seen a limestone conglomerate. The pieces are flat as a rule and may well have come from the Upper Milton. Evidently then the Champlain fault of Keith passes through the western side of Bedford. Everywhere to the north and east the outcropping are of shale. There are in Logan section zone D and C2 = 2970 feet thick

See Ellis Report on geol. of the Prov. of Quebec 1895-6 (1896: p. 127). See Logan's Geol. of Canada, 1863, pp. 170-280; 544-554. One man of the cryl. was made up of the thin clay li., as if of the stiff pate li, Part of the li. here appears to be only the Normanville, for at least one with fossils (hack.) is of Beekmantown. In my list I have marked the four lists of fossils; separate those - the Beekmantown is a sandy dolomite, jellink weathering. This cryl. is in Ellis map on the boundary between hi Farnam and Mystic slates.

"This is Ells loc. of 1890 "Lot 22, Con. VI, Stanbridge", Quebec Are then over 1/2 miles north of Mystic and then one-half mile east to the end of a trail road that divides in the midst of a limestone conglomerate. The Holes are of all sizes up to about 6 feet across. In certain large masses, the fossils are common as Raymond got a large lot of Normanville fossils making trials etc. Start away some backhards. The Li. emyl. is in shale, and the parts is of shale. Many of the Li. blocks are of another conglomerate. Then drove south to Mystic railway station and here south of the station is a great exposure of a fine grained Li. conglomerate. It is surrounded by dark shale, and the age is unknown to me. On the way back after leaving St. Armand one drove further east than in the morning and the northeastern part of (Latent no mile north of Boreaway) Lot 112 of Ells snaps we saw a full mass of Li. emyl, this looks like the Swanton. If or all to the east of it is Seagun slate, and to the west Highgate. It was in the slate after going over the Mallett that Raymond got a Li. pettle with a backhards. If may indicate the age of the slate. Evidently it is not Crchcesteru, nor did we see any Milton east of the Mallett.

August 17-1923 Friday Highgate Centre, Vt. Collected at Locality (10) to the N.W. of Highgate in the Lower Cambrian Clecheton Formation, but the regulation thin's, Then back to Tinker's Inn and putted all from collections into the auto. At 12.30 we are off south for home. Stopped at the Williston Locality beside the school house, 2 miles south of the Williston Road, northwest Berlington. Lost the regula- lation points again in the metamorphosed dolomite. To recognize all of the limestone is Bedfordman- town and come up in this formation. Then drove south to Brandon where we stopped at the Brandon Inn one night.

August 18, 1953 Saturday Brandon, IT. Collected in the metamorphosed limestone just southwest of Brandon. Raymond pointed out to me the section of a large Macilnea about four inches across that he feels is the same as a common one at Tiendroga, N.Y. He also showed me a large cephalopod, Protogy Othricuas n Camerones. At the oral end it was 1/2 inch wide and at the large end 2 1/2 inches. In the space of six inches it had about 8 septa each about 1/4 to 3/8 inch apart. Bradyodontum lay. Saw no other cle. These two points with those just before show this material to be Beeldmantown. Then drove to locality (7) to see the laminated limestone. These limestones reminded Raymond of the "ribbon limestones" of Raceland and Leeles Beeldmantown. The shell fauna may well be the Phillipsburg fauna in the lower carbonate the Beeldmantown.

Then to drive to Greenfield and stiffed at the Oranoin House. August 19, 1923 Sunday, Started to New Haven at 4.30 P.M.

began stopping at the Penn. Augusta Hotel far away from the Capitol Building.

7431 Sunday Sep. 9-1923 Boston left at 12.04 P.M. in Boston, and arrived at 4.15. Put up at my old place, the Lenox Hotel. To morrow morning say I am to meet Prof. Raymond and his car are intend to get to Portsm- ohio Maine. And that I have prepared and de- fined the Mrs Brunswick geologist that I want to make some of its relations in central Maine. A most perfect day, and all Boston was en- joying the fine cool breezes and the clear air after the storms of yesterday. Monday Sep. 16-1923. Boston-Augusta Maine. Did not make connection with Raymond until 10.15 and then started out for Portsmouth, Portland, Brunswick and Augusta where we arrived at 7 P.M. Maine often is a flat plain with much glacial sand, boulders and blue clay. As we came from Brunswick the country rises some but everywhere it is a dissected plain. But out way out into... From Portland to Augusta the rocks appear to be stratified gneiss cut by a coarse granite. All appears to be the old and sort of Pre-Cambrian.

The old trail locality of Sidney is on the south side of the Cannibeen river about opposite the tin mine near Mt. Parrott's. Trail localit[ies]: Primalor is to the north of Botarville. The R.R. cut near Benton in the cany mouth lies far tracks. To the southeast of the Pentstock occurs the Rockland formation. It underlies the granite and has a great thick engl. series with foldings as high as a pile. And a quartz- ite series. The granita appears to be as much metamorphosed as the Pen- horne series, The granite further east and thought to be of cambria age are not metamorphosed.

Tuesday, Sep. 11-1923. Waterville. Left Augusta at 7.30 A.M. and left m matt along outside of Kennebec river to Waterville where we arrived at 8.30. Distance 20 miles. Highly metamorphosed strata occur north of Augusta for 5 miles and more, and comes in a slate-like then series of dark beds, probably the Waterville Silurian. Got into connection with Prof. Edmond St. P. Heins by mine of school, and I explained what I wanted to learn. He then told me of his summers, with a Mr. Smith, a young man who wants to go to Harvard, but only teach this next year at Union College at Schenectady. The Penobscot formation is well developed all about Belfast and occupies nearly all of the northwester corner of the Belfast Sheet. It's thmpfr Type of Cambrian age. What I saw of it later in the day is a dark fine-grained sandstone considerably metamorphosed. At Belfast it is shot thmp with igneous material, and about 5 to 8 miles to the northwest occur intrusion of granite and diorite and dikes of Camptonite. They stand nearly an end, but 2 miles N.N. of Belfast dip about 40° to the southeast.

My first sample of the metam. vein came from 2 miles north of Freedom. It's a little peain. The second sample is a mica schist, at Montville. Between the two veins comes a quartz schist. Mills Hog Back Int. Hitchcock called them Hurmian. These sandstones Hitchcock called Taonic. These slates are thin-bedded li. Perkins thinks are of Paleozoic age, and Raymond's thinks they maybe of Cret. age.

To the NE of the Penobscot comes in a hight metamorphosed series in which no bedding can be seen at all. Have two pieces of it. It's a mica schist and quartzite series some ten mile or more across. They begin at about China Lake in Passadumkeag, see map of Maine for delimitation. To the WSW of the metam. series comes in a thick series of shaley sandstone or sandy shale. I exceedingly fine grain and repetitive small flecks of mica that appears to me to be of sedimentary origin. These fan out from here into the Boar'sville slate and then redded li, The li. series occurs WSW in the Boar'sville area, about mile to the east of the Kennebec and about four miles to the west of Oakland. They strike to the SSW to west of Augusta. About eleven o'clock started out to see the rocks. About 2 miles south on the east side of the Kennebec visited a place where limestone was once burned, and recently Mr. Holman (State Geologist) explained for two because of a 3/4" drill here cutting the li. It is a series of impure even redded li in thin beds up to 2 inches thick some to 7 inches, interbedded with sandy shale. I few lesser amounts average strike N. 35 E., dips nearly vertical. Not a trace of fossil could be seen, and while the beds are consistent

metamorphosed they don't look like very hard forms. Holman said he found a trilobite here but he has since lost it. He probably had no trilobite, Farther east the lie, are almost all of slate and then they become more and more sandy and finally come in the Street series I may find a half sandstone. We come then at several places and finally at Perkins's summer camp at Dundy Pond. It is all much meta- morphosed but still the bedding is very good. Hardly the series is for detail by color and again it's very dark a new thrust. Mainly quartz juts out some zone of slate. One sees no evidence of near shore Hemmons, no ripple, no coarse sand, no seaweed or cryptomitzi. The white mica probably came from the highly metamorphosed series. It appears to me that the metamorphic series must be regarded, cutting Preambrian. It is part I may have Bunson's fault lines. On either side lie different unconnected sea washes. However all that I have seen is a most difficult series of rocks to understand, because of the metamorphism and the closed folded structure. Stopping at the Windsor Hotel, with Raymond and Purkiss.

Wednesday, Sep. 12-1923 Belfast. Left Belfast at 7.30 m a trg, and drove south tr Camden and Rockport. Four miles south of Belfast are one much Pentwort, Apparently much intruded by diorite or all is diorite with quartz pieces of the Pentwort that have increased. See sample. Then climbed half way up Mt Battle just back of Camden. To me the Mt appeared to be all quartzite conglomerate with most of the pebbles and the matrix all of albite quartzite. There are however some almost black quartzite pieces in it and my rare a small piece of a crystalline quartzite, fair pebbles up to 12" but most are under 4 inches. Most of them are flat sub- circular pebbles, but there is also much angular material. See the two pieces from Mt Battle and a sample tried on the shore at Hog Cove just south of Camden. Then we looked at the Rockport liq quarries for [illegible] lime. They are very deep vertical quarries in a stiff orange fully or marble quarry. Have two samples. One sees no bedding. Farther south or about one-half mile north of Rock- park occurs a liq conglomerate that Barton has called a intraformational eagle. It is a true conglomerate since it is made up of other pieces than the formation.

itself, and it has some quartzite boulders. See the specimens. Below it recurs as then quartzite amy( matter (or specimen), and a siliceous li. Then we went on to Stog Cove and Deadmans Point, to see the Cornish li., a very peculiar laminated high metamorphosed li. See the samples. These are the oldest rocks in the Redland Flier, and all that are have seen are said to be equivalent to sequence series of the Cambrian and Cambris Ordovician", However no one has found the first trace of a fossil and nor we since put any closer or, therefore there is no evidence here to check the age other than the Armor li., of Silurian age that unimportant rules are these "Cambrian" To one the whole series is of early Portuguese age. In the later Portuguese came the not only granitic igneous intrusions. We then drove back to Camden where we had lunch and the back to Haterville via Stape, North Appletum, (Cambridge is the junction between the Penzance and the metamorphic series). The contact appears to be rather a little north of North Appletum. Then Park Learmont, Haterville (not the name of yesterday), Liberty and Alton. Put up for the night at the Edmund Hotel.

Procland Deallrayle. By Bastini. No fossils of any kind in guachanyle, Are strata are regionally altered and their bases contact metamorphism. "Devonian granites and their associated dikes, diatreme pegmatites" There are also "fine preimes" "The sedimentary rocks of the quad. constitute a single conformable suc- cession made up of four formations 2/3 of quad. occupied by Pembrok series. Most important are the granits and the Breckpns li. Oldest sed. = Delethro Formation. Lower breccia a slate series. At Brecport Haiths, at base seen. Upper Coonnto li. Pocport Haiths. About 30 to 70 feet thick. Near it in Hog Core. The impurity is oxide as a rule, but from some areaceous matter if (maybe occuring during folding = infolding?) Thinks there once active volcanos at the time of the shale formation. "Possionally classed as Cambria" Baltic quartzite. Reticulated Baltic conglomerates. Thick 700-900 Stay contact with Delethro for conformable. Determined thickness from the lay of the crys. pebbles. Some structure, a anticlind. Bastini describes the Cryst. grown up to several feet across. Rock quartzite. To me some of the material is a crys. Pebbles all cement the same. Saw some almost black quartzite and rare a large crystalline quartzite. Says one of the pebbles are 6 wide, across, but saw at least one 12 inches long. Most are under 2 inches. Most are flat sub-rounded pebbles, but the small ones, and sometimes a large one are angular fragments. My Baltis indicate that the thickness must be considerably greater than Bastini gives it. I should say 1000 feet or more. Pembrok Formation. Thickness 700 feet or more. "Only sediments" regionally metamorphosed, and in places further altered by igneous intrusions of granite or diorite. Are "phyllites, pelite schists, amyilacean quartzites, and small amounts of true slate? Also has crys. grains with traces up to 2 feet across. Also has calcareous gones. There is complete transition from the Baltis into the Pembrok, and the Poc- port li. extremely sudden. All in one unbroken succession. Procland Formation 1 Brecley quartzite member, 200 to 300' 2 Lilecem li. member, 100 to 200' 3 Pocport li. member, the grain over, at least 400 to 500' Has "intraformational crys." once pics of 7 x 4". I should say a true Crys. Concludes it will Strockbridge and Kearney creek li. Cambrian Ordovician

The Elmwood Hotel EUROPEAN PLAN WATERVILLE, MAINE

(2) Granite cuts are the "Cambrian formations". In the Penobscot Folir cut the Lilurian. Therefore the granite is "at least as young as the liluria". I think he has two panites mixed here. Those cutting the liluria are part of Dev, or cor Camb, The main momy of panits one I think Posturioc. Granite cuts throughout the Krolland area are assigned with considerable caution to late Lil, or tr Dev Time" Penobscot Folir (149). Elder nrol Ellsworth Schist = Cambria u Pre-Cambria {Ieleta Formation cambria {Batite quartzite 40-575' Penobscot Formation Calduwrod Formation. = site Penibocot Isletno. Ames Knot Formation. Liluria with fossils

Sts with September 12-1923 The Elmwood Hotel EUROPEAN PLAN WATERTVILLE, MAINE doc. 0122

See the small specimen.

Then to the railway cut on the Main Central R.R. near Barton, northeast of Waterville. Here seen the Waterville slates (or li. here) to collect trails. Quite a number were seen and gotten. Also got what appears to be delicate Batholiths. Saw nothing else in these fine gneiss mts. As a rule the batholiths and bedding is the same. Stopping with Perkins and Raymond at the Edmund Hotel. Thursday Sep. 13-1953 Waterville, Maine. At 9.00 A.M. ore are off north to see the geology of the county to the slate quarries, at Ormonson. Saw fine good exposure along the west side of the Ken- nebec river until ore came to Korthegan. Here at the falls of the Kennebec is a good exposure of that reddish grey-blue laminated and cross bedded very fine grained quartzite with some slate. The series is sharply folded several times. Strike N. 40 E. Dip steep critical, and much metamorphosed. Raymond says the same kind of strata occur in the Portland area which Capps has called Carbonifurus. Can these strata be the equivalent of the quartz grits beneath the Waterville

quartzes, that look as if they had lost particles, since this or since, have two pieces marked H2 Granite intrusion occurs in Harmony Township.

doc.0122 POST CARD ADDRESS CORRESPONDENCE Harmony, Maine. Loving from bridge of steam to dam, bros with Sep. 13, 1923

series. Hardly thick as is, but the point should be considered. We next stepped one mile south of Atkors and looked at dark blue slates and then reddled quartz grits, very much like those at Monkhegan. Strike N. 38 E. At Atkers in the stream is an exposure of the same the reddeled series, but here the quartz grits are in beds up to 2 foot thick. The next strip was three miles crest of Harmony, there are massive dark-blue quartz grits with some slate. All much metamorphsed. Strike N. 10 E. Then at Harmony. Here is the railway cut just to the south of the station (Orrans Central) in once shown a series of laminated dark blue sandy muds and slate, highly shot through with small and large quartz veins. See specimen In the river face at Harmony beneath the bridge and of stream is a series of blue then reddeled laminations like those we saw at the Kingslow tin mine, south east of Braterville. At least 10 feet are here seen, the lie becoming less and less through the clams. See photo's up on printout card. About 300 foot of strata are here seen. There is some crumpling. Three miles north of Harmony occur the reddeled quartz grits, that look as if they had rock particles. See if this is or since. Have two pieces marked H2 Granite intrusion occurs in Harmony Township.

Then passed through Parton. One mile south of Guilford occur sandy slate in strips beds of quartzite At Attot in the river in the first exposure can be seen. It is very light blue, very fine grained and much con- colided quartzite. As a rule in thick beds. They continue upstream but for far I do not know. Below the bridge is a gradual mine but here the strata occur in several beds. The thickness is at least some hundreds of feet thick. So far we have seen nothing like this series. Under the North Attot bridge occur dark green sandy slates much altered. Strike N. 45 E. At Mmom occur large slate quarries in a very dark blue slate that has some dark blue coarse sand- stone. The layers of this sandstone has torn of shale payments that are now highly polished due to the friction of movement. These slates are very worn and not crinkled and folded as is or common in slate quarries, just here that is also an immense amount of refuse. We all looked for 1/2 drums for miles without results. The slate are considerably traversed by quartz veins. Stopping at the Thomas Hotel (private house) at Mmom.

The slate here are also my dark blue, have far long quality views, and in certain layers a just deal of nim foprite.

Friday Sep.14-1923 Monson-Waterville Hunted for 1/2 hours in the layer slate quarry at Monson but did not get the first trace of definite fossil. Picked up a number of specimens to show the lithology. Then went to the Portland and Monson quartz south about one mile of Monson. These quarries are in a different horizon and the cleavage is more along the bedding planes. There is also hardening here and there and sandstone grains. On the bedding planes we see considerable mud flow marks, and more rarely unmistakable plant fragments like heads of grass. Are these Psilophyton or sea weeds. Raymond got a large slab of gastropod trails - a simple but def. gone about 1/4 mile across an outlier with no sculpturings. There is evidence here in the least suggesting graptolets and from the geographic position of the Monson quarries my guess is that their age is Silurian. The base of the Silurian formed place in the quartzites seen at Attf. The strata in these various quarries stands very vertical, and the quarries go vertical into the earth. As the hanging wall fractures and eventually falls into the quarry (= Creep), they now tunnel and mine out the slate. One shaft goes down to 500 feet.

Mr. McLodge is reported to have found here a Ctenellus. Raymond so this from good north and will look it up again.

At 11 A.M. we started back for Waterville. We came by a different route than the one of yesterday, and passed through Guilford (had lunch here), Dover- Foxcroft (on the Piscataquis where Jackson reputed slate quarries, but no one now knows of their situation), Lexington, Cornish, Newport, Pittsfield, Burnham, Clinton, Benton (on trail collecting ground of two days ago) and then Waterville. Then fetched my box of rock which Raymond will ship from Cambridge. Finally at 5:15 visited the slate exposure along the Penobscot beneath the campus of Colby College. It was soon dark or that we had off a half hour of collecting, and got in that short time got a number of rocks. They are by no means as rare as I thought. Offered Perkins two dollars to get a student collecting for one. Raymond trotted along all the four Colby College tracks to read them up. I volunteered to write them for Raymond. The Boston Society is to publish the result.

Saturday Sep. 15-1923 Waterville-Boston. Hardly finished the and contemplated Bay- ommel and I started from Waterville at 6.30 A.M. Per- kins saw us off and the morning is bright and cold, thus I have been a hard frost last nights. At 7.30 we came at Augusta and here are turn the most hardway road from Portland to Bangor, and over through Orrittorp- Greene to Lewiston. Here are granted to see the li. gneisses (= City Quarry for road metal). It is a series of more or less thick folded mantle interluded on with what was a shale more a schist in the upper feet. The dip is all over 40 degrees, Below those feet is the main mass of granite and the main quarry. The whole is short through to permatite dikes and a peg granite, and finally by a few vertical (undisturbed) trap dikes said type of Triassic time. Probably all of these li. are of Potergrise age including the granite intrusions, See the rock samples. We then started for Portland and turn along the Maine lake to Patermouth. Just beyond Opgoquit Oraire, about 3 miles we turned towards the shore and arrived on the rocks in front of the Bald Head and Cliff House dikes. Here are great exposures of vertical strata all highly metamorphosed that

Capro correleto with the Carboniferous of Orms. It is a series of thin redded sometimes (mnr flint) that are laminated, intertoddled with some schales (mnr schist). It is cut by many trap dikes, usually thin ones, but one appeared like 20 feet thick. A far away (one mile) are small rods of granite so that the metamorphism is partly ordinary due to the igneous injections. There has been seen a fossil here. Reynold tells one that these Carb. rocks lie in line of strike with the Proteric Carb. of Orms. See Capro report on the rocks of this land and the Portland area. Bring through York and or Northward see mine of these Carb. rocks. See the beach pebbles and road samples collected. SAT to Harvard Square at 5.30 and South Station at 6. P. M. At 6.30 drives off in New Haven by train and get home at 11 P. M.

Trails with State Geologists through New Jersey Sep. 30-1923 Left New Haven at 11 A.M. and No. 6 by the Erie at 2:30 p.m. Port Jervis order Arrived at 5:30. Stopped at Mitchell Hotel. On the track I met Lawson, Matthews (Ind.) and Me Called Georgia. The crewmen of the trip are H.B. Kimmel, Trenton N.J., Leader A.C. Lawson, Berkeley Cal. David White, U.S.G.S. C. Churchert, New Haven, Conn. E.B. Matthews, Baltimore, Md., Deputy Director G. C.H. Hartwell, U.S.G.S., Hydraulic Engineer R.M. Field, Princeton, N.J. A.G. Thompson U.S.G.S., Ground Water J.W. McCallie, Atlanta, Ga. Phillip Smith, U.S.G.S. T.C. Watson, Charlottesville, Va. Horne, Hanstrow, Pa. M.M. Leighton, Watana, Ill. E.H. Berg, Baltimore Md. Thru-Set.

7495 Oct 1, 1933. Monday. Otisville, N. Y. Ken Bead and Quarries, south of Paterson. See section on separate sheets. It is the home of Bellas. Rhyolite - Ignite from Beersville. The aplavonate near the ignite. Have taken samples of both. Described more of the folios of the U.S. G.S. He saw from Culrus Lake, a summer re- sort region is very fine. One looks from the Kittatinny ridge across Long Pond across over to the skyline of Precambrian erods, Stopped at Crofton Hotel at Hewton, a good hotel in a pretty village. Oct 2, 1933. Tuesday. Near Monroe R.R. station saw the base of the Jacksontuy. Here rich in alpa. Have taken a slab. On a railroad cut 1/4 mile from station of Hewton, one sees the Hardstrom quartzite on the ignite. Initially met more just here followed by the alluvium of the Kittatinny. I wonder if there is here a transitional zone to at Franklin

Monday (1) Beemer ville, Elaeolite Azenite. Precambrian. J.E. Gelp. 1/4 miles N.W. of Beemer ville. Kittating Int. Lays like at out 2 mils lay, and about 1/4 mile wide. Cuts slate Orthoclase-feldspar, nepheline pyroxene and firtite. Has no quartz. (= elaeolite).

Mid Cag O Kittatinny Valley - Green Pond Mt. Lower Cambrian Hardyston quartzite = Chiques of Penn. Up to 200'. Commm Olenellus thompsoni in fine paired recty lages (weathered). Also in Green Pond Mt. Gracett grt Olenellus. Middle Cambrian absent. Site contact, Billin describes it as transitional Upper Cambrian - Ordovician - Lower Ordovician. Kittatinny magnesian Si or dolomite, 270' to 300' = Shenandoah, etc. At Dewart in O'Donnel and MacManamonau's quarry Lingulella streara, Ortho. nantmorris; Ptychoparia nantmorris, Jaulkia nantmorensis (comm), etc Half mile north of Blairstown (landed quarry) Agauls saratogensis, Ptychoparia Both in upper part of Kittatinny At Columbia (Delaware handy of R.J. Duquesneanna - Dewart RR.) has a Ordovician fauna rather than Beekmantown. Also in Green Pond Mt area. Middle Ordovician = Mohawkian Si, 130' to 150' fat. Mt in Green Pond Mt. 300' on Delaware. May be absent, with the Hudson River slate resting on the Kittatinny. All Lower Mohawkian - Louisville - Black River - Lower Taunton. Richly fossiliferous. Best place in family E.J. HmPz, tacky out at Jaclonting, near Blairstown. Fossil listed by Fed m Jones 18-36. Has 64 species.

Middle Ordovician continued. Hudson River slates, several thousands of feet thick. Conformable on Trenton, only transition, no break. Base clear in Trentman. How high the series goes is not known, but formity into the last of Magrille, In a glacier in the form of Sussex. Calcareous sandstone Has Olectother, flieatella amny 4 species. On hillside at ne Taunton li in a small slate quarry. About 20-70 feet above Trenton li. Diploptus (2 sp.) Lasigraptus mucromatus, Colynrides calcularis. = normanskie Normanskite = middle a torn Tauntn. Near Jutland. First RR cut east of Jutland in Leceigh Valley, 340 yards north of statini. Triassic 92 yards beyond. Climograptus, Liciagraptus, Crenograptus pacili; Pterograftus zeinitgriens. = Normanskite First break. Llanvirn Larranjunk, 1500 to 1600 fat. Green Pond emyl, supported Forde eastern Line phase. Medina near Pokins Island is 2305 fat thick. In Delaware Falls 2380 feet. Over Green Pond emys the Lyngmrrd sandstone, or red shales, are 200 feet. These are partly Dolinar. Oazusan Best sectim' in William Dearban quarry and in the ridges beyond. In the quarry 160';700' higher At base Pokino Island shale 1 foot+ In Penn. one 200' tho forns. Boscardville li. 12'. Thicken south to 100+ (no forms) Decker Ferry fos, 50' Best seen in Dearban Bluff [2 mi. S./ E/ Tristels N.Y.). No forms on H.63-66.(48 sp.) Pmdout fos. 40 Has only Lependitria (3 spcs.) and Offatella panellosa.

Onndag (3) Nearban quarry liell Deeronian Anrluis li. 35' (thina 40) Cregmaus li. 40+ (thina 42) New Portland 160' (thina 170) Beaerft 20' (0.16) Stormville 80. Ringstm 80' Art froms. (thina 200) Orielang 170' (thina 150) Esopus grit 400 (thina 350) Onondaga li (thina 235) Farther north Newfoundland grit 215'. Same froms. Inmore Hales 700-1000 = Hamilton Bellvale flaps 1800 = Hamilton Kennebecum Argylmerote

74-95 Pres with OctThru 1-1923 221 cop doc.122 doc.0122

In a railway cut near Furnace there is a fine exposure of the Kittatiny [illegible] down into the Hardsetm. The lower portion is a series of interbedded quartzites with dolomites and some black shales. It is clearly a transition series so that some of the Kittating must be Lower Cambrian. How much is unknown. Visited Lime Products Corporation where the white Precambrian limestone (= Franklin) is ground up for farm fertilizer. The lining made short things by permatite. See the samples. Then to Franklin Furnace where we first went through the mills and strolled a number of mineral samples. Then to the open cuts to see the ore bodies about 17 feet across. Then looked at the Mount Hope iron mine (magnetite) in Precambrian. This is about 5 miles from Norrie where are stuffed our night, at the Manoir Hotel.

October 3, 1923 Dover, New Jersey. Started first in the Republic Magnetic Iron Mine at Warton, near Dover. The ore veins are in Pre- Cambrian oenite, and average about 30% iron. The ore is crushed dry fine and then passed under magnets and ore washing tables. Have a sample of the iron ore, and one of the country rock, an oenite. Near Dingee looked at some Triassic lava flows that Lawson admitted showed not the slightest metamorphism of the Triassic mud rocks. It was held that the lava had flown over wet Triassic mud flats, Near Pleasantdale looked at the great trop quarry showing a wonderful series columnar structures. Might to have a picture put in my text-book. Stopped our night at Perth Amboy.

Wednesday Triassic and trap ridges (=basalt) Trap = diabase or dolerite. At Orange averages 100 feet thick. Leding 1886 speaks of it as "lava sheet" In quarry on Mt. Pleasant avenue columnar structure is fine. O'Bourke's quarry. Plate 9 shows radiate structure of columns. Due to irregular cooling Undercliff quarry 1/2 miles away doesn't show fine structure.

Ars ont Oethu 3-1973 doc.0122

October 4, 1923 Thursday, Looked over two of the large clay pits de- scribed in the schedule, and then some others along the Raritan river and in South Amboy. The rest of the day are looked over Tropic out- oristed Rutgers and Princeton, at the Henry China factory in Trenton. In the evening looked over the little state Museum and Rummer's Office and laboratories. Near Princeton occurs the Palisade intrusive and early Princeton it has metamorphosed the whole series at least 100 feet down. One could see that secondary minerals had begun to form. Stopping in the elegant Stacey-Trenton Hotel, looked like rain for tomorrow. But instead it was bright and cold.

October 5-1923. Friday. Cool and clear morning. Bears off to see the Cretaceous on our way to Atlantic City. Practically saw all of the various formations, but the impression left is a series of glauconite marls interbedded with sandstones. Also saw the Vin centown lime - sand but here the joints are not at once as abundant as at Vincentown itself, which is only four miles away. For fossils the Cret. is uninteresting. All of the high land is covered with the Pleistocene yellow gravel - I believe the Princeton parks. Be then drove into Atlantic City where we stopped at the Haddon Hall. October 6-1923 Saturday. Left Atlantic City at 8.30 and drove most near the Atlantic Coast and the way to Asbury Park. Much of the land is barren and but little inhabited due to the loose sandy soil. Here and there a Town, maybe fishing villages. All lie but little above sea level until we gets near Point Pleasant when the land becomes a rolling country. Set for Asbury Park at 12.30 and left

Thursday and Friday Correlate only with Atlantic and Gulf Border. Critaceous. 450 - 650 fur thick. Beller had about 600 (95m). Few species in common with Rocky Mts. Jerseian (Manasquan marl 10 species 30-50 fut. Laura Danian Vincentown formation (includes "gellow sand") 125 = Laura Danian or Maestrichtian 40-50 fut Harnertown marl 11species 30fut Tinton beds. 33 species (7 restricted) Cucullaea fauna Blauemite: up to 20' Red Bank sand 43(4). Lucina fauna up to 100' montanan Mount Laurel - Naresink formations 112(54) Naresink Cucullaea fauna Naresink has glaucinite 40fut. Plemonal s and dags.81 (19) Lucina fauna 50-55 fut Marshdeltown dag - marl 43(10). Cucullaea fauna Blauemite. Michigan. 30 to 40fut. gloriowan English town sand. no fossils 20 to 100 fur thick (mu)

Ripleyan or Danian Clamadran Bordburg clay 95(32). Lucina fauna Thickm 55' Merchantville Clay-marl 102(33) Cucullaea fauna slancmite. Thickm 35-60 Choptay formation (includes Clifmond clay 43(14). Lucina fauna. Holocene Raritan clay. Estuarine flora and no marine species. clay, sand, Oparc. Has 5 marine species. Arts and Ootha 5/923 doc 0122

In New York City at 3:20 Left to Murray Hill hotel at 5:40 P.M. Oct 7 - 1923. Sunday, New York, checked my bag at the Grand Central R.R. and went to Columbia Univ. to attend the Coun- cil meeting of the S.O.A. The meeting dragged slowly and President White talked too much. At 4:15 left the meeting and N.Y. at 6 P.M. for Lane astray, Penna., when I arrived at 9:30 A.M.

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ASSOCIATION OF STATE GEOLOGISTS ITINERARY Monday, October 1. Leave Port Jervis, 8 A. M. for Otisville, N. Y. Railroad cut and quarry in the Shawangunk Conglomerate (Oneida sandstone of early writers). Clarke found a Eurypterid fauna in thin black shales intercalated in the conglomerate beds and referred the formation to the Salina. Later Schuchert found the typical Medina fossil Arthrophyus in quarry. At east end of cut the unconformable contact of the Shawangunk (Silurian) grit on the Martinsburg (Ordovician) shale is exposed. Leave Otisville 9 A.M. Return to Port Jervis, thence to Nearpass section, Tristate, at 9:45 A.M. Nearpass Section-Base Upward 1. Pocino Island shale. Buff colored or yellow calcareous shale.- 200 ft. thick in Pennsylvania at type locality (I. C. White). Salina age. 2. Bossardville limestone. Fine grained, thin bedded, gray or blue limestone, the so-called ribbon limestone of Cook. Small ostracods and a few other fossils in upper 4 feet.-Salina age- Correlated with the Tonolway of Pennsylvania (U.S.G.S. Prof. Paper 108 K). 3. Decker limestone. 3a. Highly fossiliferous, earthy, somewhat sandy limestone. 3b. Hard, bluish-gray limestone with some thin shale beds. 3c. Yellow, shaly, platy limestone, with occasional thin beds of bluish crystalline limestone near top. (Beds 3a-3c are correlated by Hartnagel with the Wilbur limestone of New York). 3d. Reddish limestone - a crystalline gray limestone with many fragmentary fossils and red oolite grains suggestive of the lean Clinton ore at Hemlock Creek, Bloomsburg, Pa. (Van Ingen)- the Ptilodictia zone of Weller. Large bryozoans abundant. 3e. Fissile yellow shale.

3f. Blue crystalline limestone-many fossils,shaly partings, crinkly and discontinuous. 7 ft. 4 in. 3g. Thick bedded, calcareous shale, bluish where fresh 7 ft. 3 in. buff to yellow on weathered faces. Beds 3d-3g are probably equivalent to the Salina waterline or Lower Cement bed of the Rosendale district. 4. Cobbleskill limestone. 10 ft. 4a. Irregularly bedded, bluish limestone, containing 6 ft. large numbers of fossils particularly corals- generally debris covered. 4b. Blue, fossiliferous crystalline limestone in beds 4 ft. 6 to 10 inches thick, many ostracodes-genus Beyrichia. Beds 4a and 4b equal the "Middle bed", between the Lower and Middle Cement at Rosendale, New York. 5. Rondout limestone. 39 ft. 5a. Earthy shale with bands of limestone- Leperditia abundant. 3 ft.9 in. 5b. Fine grained, dark slate-colored limestone-Many ostracods 6 ft.4 in. 5c. Shale 1 ft.6 in. 5d. Hard, fine grained, bluish-gray, brittle limestone- 2 ft.3 in. Many ostracods and stromatopora 5e. Calcareous shale. 6 ft.3 in. 5f. Pale blue or gray limestone, weathering yellow. 5 ft.0 in. 5g. Fissile, calcareous shale 15 ft.0 in. 6. Manlius limestone 34 ft.8 in. 6a, b, c, d, e, f.- Hard, bluish-black limestones, the basal bed being made up largely of large, Stromatopora heads. The ostracode fauna of the Rondout continues, but marine forms appear a little above the base. 7. Coeymans limestone. 7a. Coarse grained, crystalline gray limestone, many 10 ft.3 in. Favosite Corals in masses. 7b. Not exposed. 30 ft. -2-

8. Stormville sandstone. The top of the Coeymans is not exposed in this section. Five miles southwest a thin, sandy layer was noted at this horizon. This expands southwest and becomes the Stormville sand- stone of White's Pennsylvania section. 9. New Scotland beds - Not exposed in bluff, but in fields back of bluff and northeast, and immediately above the northern quarry, are 9a. A hard cherty, very fossiliferous limestone 20 ft. 9b. Soft, limy shales, forming a shallow depression west of bluff section. Estimated thickness 140 ft. 10. Becraft limestone. Forms a low ridge and more or less continuous outcrop along crest of hill back of quarry bluff. Hard, dark or grey cherty limestone, many fossils 20 ft. 11. Port Ewen beds. Not exposed but underlie a marked depression west of the Becraft ridge, beyond which is a wooded ridge- Estimated thickness 60 ft. 12. Oriskany formation. Along crest of wooded ridge. 12a. Hard, more or less siliceous black or gray lime- stone, fossiliferous,- many trilobites. The Dalmanites dentatus limestone [illegible] 30 ft. 12b. Dark siliceous limestones- Nowhere exposed in continuous section- characterized by Orbiculoidea jervensis. Estimated at 20 ft. 12c. Earthy or siliceous limestones, usually not exposed- Upper part becoming sandstone further southwest. Spirifer murchisoni, characteristic. 120 ft. 13. Escopus grit Exposed along west slope of ridge formed by 12a. Estimated thickness 400 ft. 14. Onondaga limestone - Exposed as low knolls rising above the glacial terraces along the Delaware River, and along road near Dingman's Ferry Leave Nearpass 11:15 A. M.- Return to Tristates, thence down Delaware River road to Brick House.- Note bare ledge of Escopus grit on left, 1 mile southwest of New York State line. Ledges of Onondaga limestone 3-4 miles s. w. of State line. -3-

Brick House to Hainesville. 3 1/2 miles. Cross the strata obliquely downward from Onondaga to Porino Island shale, but only occasional exposures along road. Hainesville to Leyton- 3 miles-- Along Little Flat Brook-poor exposures. Layton to Dingman's Ferry and back to Layton- 2 1/2 miles, Cross section in ascending order to good exposures of Onondaga near Dingman's. Layton thro Culver's Gap to Branchville.- 7 1/2 miles- Cross Kittatinny Mountain through an abandoned river gap (piracy) 917 ft. elevation, crest of ridge 1500 feet. High Falls shale, and sandstone and Shawangunk grit. East of gap, across closely folded Martinsburg (Hudson River) shale and slate to Branchville. Dinner at Branchville. 12:45 - 2 P. M. 2 P. M. Return to Culvers Gap. Turn right in gap around Culver's Lake. From road north side of the lake note views of the Schooley Mountain peneplain (gneiss rock) across the Kittatinny Valley (Martinsburg shale and sandstone and Kittatinny limestone). Follow road at base of Kittatinny Mountain to ledges of Nephelite-Syenite (Elaeolite-Syenite) north of Beemerville. Occurs as a sill 2 1/2 miles long, 1/4 mile wide between Martinsburg shale and Shawangunk sandstone. 3:45 P. M. Leave Syenite dike- Continue N. E. on same road,- 1 3/4 miles to volcanic plug in slate. -Igneous rock contain-ing angular fragments of slate, limestone, and granite gneiss- the "roof" through which it broke, 4:30 Start for Newton (20 miles) via Plumbsock, Woodbourne and the Papakating Valley, rocks Martinsburg shale. Hotel-Cochran House. Supper, lodging, breakfast - $3.00. TUESDAY 8 A. M. Leave Newton for Franklin Furnace via Mulford Station, Houses', Monroe, North Church, Hamburg, Hardystonville. First mile across an anticline of Kittatinny limestone. Miles 1 - 2 1/2 syncline of Martinsburg slate. Miles 2 1/2 - 4, across westward dipping Kittatinny limestone and gravel plain with small lakes, marking site of buried ice-blocks, 4 1/2 miles- Lime Products Corporation- Quarry and mill in Franklin lime-stone (pre-Cambrian)- Inspect quarry and mill. 9:30 A. M. Leave quarry- North of second railroad crossing, note wide gravel plain, with kettle holes and moraine. At Monroe turn left, cross railroad to first road fork. -4-

Thursday 6:40 Leave Newton for Franklin Furnace via Midland Station 6:45 Huggins, North Church, Tamarack, Humpbackville, First Creek - I will be joining the Kittery Mine - 2 1/2 miles north of Humpbackville to S & S yard. A train leaves at 7:30 and arrives in Franklin Furnace via Midland Station at 8:45. 6:50 Leave Newton for North Church, Tamarack, Humpbackville, First Creek - I will be joining the Kittery Mine - 2 1/2 miles north of Humpbackville to S & S yard. A train leaves at 7:30 and arrives in Franklin Furnace via Midland Station at 8:45. [illegible] [illegible] [illegible] [illegible] [illegible]

Examine ledges of Jacksonburg limestone in fields to right, between the Martinsburg shale and the Kittatinny lime- stone. Top of Kittatinny is Beekmantown age. Jacksonburg limestone is Black River-Lowville. Base of Jacksonburg locally contains conglomerate of Kittatinny pebbles. Return to Monroe, turn left. After crossing railroad note lobate front of a high glacial delta at North Church,- best marked east of road. Edge of ice sheet lay against north side of delta. Note huge kames to northeast. Turn south at Hamburg to Franklin. Note very large kames on right, 1 mile south of Hamburg and south of these the east front of the North Church delta. Arrive Franklin 10:30. 10:30 A. M. - 12 M. Trip through the Separation plant of the New Jersey Zinc Company. A visit underground cannot be arranged for. 12 M - 1:30 P. M. Lunch. 1:30 - 3 P. M. Inspection of surface geology including outcrop of ore body, open cut, contacts of basal Cambrian (Hardystonville quartzite) on gneiss. 3 P. M. Leave Franklin for Dover via Ogdensburg, Sparta, and Woodport. At Ogdensburg note great V-shaped embankment of stratified glacial drift which for a time dammed the Wallkill Valley. On the right across the valley are (1) a white limestone crushing plant and (2) the Ogdensburg works of the New Jersey Zinc Company. Wallkill Valley is underlain by a syncline of Kittatinny limestone, the western half cut off by a fault which has brought the gneiss and slivers of pre-Cambrian limestone to the surface on the west. At Sparta, road ascends to level of the Schooley Mountain peneplain, here much dis- sected. At Woodport there is seen the north end of Lake Hopatcong- Area 4 square miles- partly artificial,- level having been raised 8 feet in 1831. At Hurdtown- magnetic iron-ore mine, 6000 feet long on a shoot of ore pitching 26° north, which was 60 to 90 ft. high and 35 feet thick. Two and one-half miles south of Hurdtown,- cross the Longwood Valley on Devonian shale, faulted down against gneiss on west. Three miles,- Green Pond Mt.-Silurian S. S. and cg. resting on gneiss or Cambrian limestone. -5-

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Five to six miles- Pass abandoned iron mines-caved ground. 4:30 P. M. Mount Hope Mines- Inspect Model of ore-bodies. 5 P. M. Leave Mount Hope for Dover via Rockaway- crossing Wisconsin Terminal moraine. Dover- Mansion House. Wednesday. 8 A. M. Leave Dover for Replogle Mine, Wharton.- Inspect separa- tion plant. 9:30 A. M. Leave mine- Pass Dover, Rockaway, Porsippany, Jersey City Reservoir, Boonton, Montville- 14 miles. 10:15 - 10:45 A. M. Inspect planes of Morris Canal-Boonton. Note glacial delta- east of Montville, elevation 400',.- marking shore line of glacial Lake Passaic. Trias conglomerate near railroad. Montville to Mountain View, 5 1/2 miles- Across bed of north arm of Lake Passaic. On right a curved ridge of extrusive basalt. of Trias age,- the latest of several flows. At Mountain View deep gravel filled gap in the basalt ridge. Turn right to Singac- 2 1/4 miles. Turn right at Singac, keep left at second fork, up steep hill,- 1 1/2 miles to road cut, showing beds of Trias shale between flows of basalt. Note conformable contacts, absence of metamorphism of shale, vesicular character of upper surface of basalt.- Exposure on back slope of sec2nd of the great basalt sheets. Return to Singac to Little Falls. Inspect East Jersey Company's Filtration plant- Lunch at Little Falls. 1:30 P. M. Leave Little Falls- via Great Notch- to Montclair Heights- offset of Trap ridge by faulting. To old quarry at Upper Montclair- Basal contact of first basalt flow on shale; pillow lava, absence of metamorphism, conformity of contact; To Montclair and Verona- cross ridge to valley on Trias shale and sandstone between first and second basalt sheets. Eagle Rock Manufacturing Company- flowing wells in vesicular trap. 12 inch core thro first basalt sheet. Pleasantdale.- Brownstone quarries in sandstone between basalt sheets. South to Mount Pleasant Avenue and east to old quarry showing columnar trap columns,- described by Iddings. -6-

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To Millburn via Gregory and Wyoming Avenues- Gap in First Mountain- Corresponding gap in Second Mountain filled by Moraine. These gaps mark pre-glacial course of the upper Passaic and Rockaway Rivers. To Springfield- Church of Revolutionary fame. - To Union, Roselle, Wheatsheaf and Woodbridge. Perth Amboy for night. Note on Trias of New Jersey Triassic formation in New Jersey consists of a great thick- ess of red shale, arkosic sandstone, (some beds conglomerat.) dark colored argillite, and three thick sheets of interbedded extrusive basalt. Each of the latter was formed by several flows closely following each other. Near the base of the series is an intrusive sill of diabase which forms the Palisades along the Hudson. The sediments were mainly fluvatile, accumulated in an intermountain valley, under arid conditions. From the top down- ward they have been grouped into the (a) Brunswick shales (b) Lockatong argillite (c) Stockton sandstone. Along the northwest border are local deposits of very coarse conglomerates- the alluvial fans of snow-fed rivers debouching from canyons in the mountains. In the northeastern part of the State only the Brunswick beds are recognized. The Stockton and Lockatong beds are best seen near the Delaware, where profound faulting repeats the series twice. The igneous rocks form conspicuous ridges, the crests of which form a part of the dissected Schooley Mountain penesplain. The sedimentary rocks underlie rolling lowlands, remnants of two base-levels, developed in Tertiary time, the lower of which (Somerville peneplain) was widely covered with stream deposits in early Pleistocene. These have been since almost entirely removed and the present dissection accomplished. THURSDAY Note on Cretaceous of New Jersey In New Jersey the Cretaceous consists of the Manasquan marl 25 feet Ranococas group Vincentown sand 25-70 feet Hornerstown marl 39 feet Mohnmouth group Redbank sand and Tinton sand member 0-100 " Navesink marl 25-40 feet Mount Laurel sand 5-60 " Matawan group Wenonah sand 20-35 feet Marshalltown formation 30-35 feet Englishtown sand 20-100 " Woodbury clay 50 feet Merchantville clay 63 feet

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Magothy formation Unconformity Raritan formation Great Unconformity between Cretaceous and Trias There is no complete section exposed. Sequence can be made out only by careful piecing together of scattered outcrops. The Raritan formation is best exposed in the clay district around Raritan River. Here there is the following section, top downward: Sand bed 75 feet Amboy stoneware clay 25 feet Sand bed 20 feet South Amboy fire clay 20 feet Sand bed including "so called" "feldspar" and "kaolin" 45 feet Woodbridge brick and stoneware clay } 80 feet Woodbridge fire clays Sand bed 25 feet Fire and terra cotta clays 0-30 feet Higher members in the series will be seen on Friday. Note on Tertiary Deposits The Tertiary deposits of New Jersey are chiefly sands, with some clay beds. The lower member- the Kirkwood sand- is known to be of Miocene age. The upper member- the Cohansey sand- is thought to be Pliocene, but without definite proof. Both members contain lenses of clay. The highest hills of South Jersey are capped with the Beacon Hill gravel, regarded as younger than the Cohansey but probably Tertiary, and the correlative of the Lafayette, Note on the Pleistocene The non-glacial Pleistocene deposits are the Bridgeton, Pensauken and Cape May, the first being the oldest. They are generally orange colored or yellowish brown sand and gravel, ranging in thickness up to 30 feet, probably fluviatile in origin; separated from each other in age or by periods of erosion. The differentiation between them is partly lithologic but mainly topographic. In general they agree with the Sunderland, Wicomico and Talbot formations of further south. ------ 8 A. M. Leave hotel for trip through the clay district about Perth Amboy, Woodbridge, and South Amboy. Near Perth Amboy and Woodbridge sections frequently show (1) Glacial till (Wisconsin) (2) Pensauken gravel (3) Cretaceous. Near Woodbridge, the Woodbridge fire clay is dug extensively. -8-

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Near Perth Amboy, the Woodbridge brick and stoneware clay is lleg. Near South Amboy, the best clay is the South Amboy fire clay. 11 A. M. Arrive New Brunswick. Visit State School of Ceramics and view Trias reptile foot print in museum of Rutgers college. Lunch at New Brunswick. 1:00 P. M. Leave New Brunswick via Lincoln Highway for Princeton and Trenton. Route crosses beveled Trias shale; 1 mile after railroad crossing (3 miles from New Brunswick) patches of Pensauken gravel on the shale;- similar grevel caps all hills above 120 feet elevation over a wide area northward. The general absence of this gravel below 120 feet indicates (a) development of a wide plain on shale in pre-Pensauken time, (b) period of fluvialite aggradation; (c) removal of gravel and development of broad flats and gentle slopes just under 120 feet with narrow [illegible] along main streams,- since middle Pleistocene. 30 miles from New Brunswick cross intrusive mass of diabase, southwestern extension of Palisade diabase of Hudson. 1:35 P. M. Kingston- Deposit of much disintegrated Pensauken gravel on beveled Trias shale. 2.00 P. M. Rocky Hill-Metamorphism of Trias shale adjacent to the diabase. 2:30 P. M. Arrive Princeton.- Drive around University grounds- Visit Guyot Hall. 3:30 P. M. Leave Princeton for Trenton via Pein's Neck. Good exposures of Stockton sandstone (Lowest member of Trias) near Carnegie Lake, 4.15 P. M. Lenox Pottery show rooms, Trenton, N. J. Hotel Stacy Trent.

(7495) Hotel Shady Tree. 4:30 P. M. Lenox Pottery show rooms, Trantford, N. J. 3:30 P. M. Leave Princeton for Train Station (lower member of Trias) near Centreville Lake. Alist Givens Hall. 5:30 P. M. Leave Princeton - Drive around University grounds - the library. 2:00 P. M. Woodrow Wilson House - A visit to the residence of the first president of Princeton University. Hoboken. To examine exhibits across town, 45 miles from New Brunswick and back. To obtain additional information on transportation schedules. The following notes were taken by John Brunswig over a weekend in October: After crossing (3) miles from New Brunswick (New Jersey), the car drove on the highway to Edgerton. The owner's note says: "We drove along this road and saw some nice scenery but no houses or people." However, when we arrived at our destination, there were several houses and stores nearby. The owner also noted that he had seen a sign saying "No Trespassing" near the entrance to the property. This suggests that the area may be private land. In addition, the owner mentioned that they had encountered some difficulties with the GPS navigation system during their journey. They recommended using traditional maps as a backup. Finally, the owner expressed interest in exploring more of the surrounding area and suggested visiting nearby attractions such as parks or historical sites.