Field notes, v503

Arnold, Lee W.

1937

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

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R16 UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY

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Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from CLIR https://archive.org/details/fieldnotesv50300arno

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" Arnold, L. 1937 1. Nevada, Oregon, Utah, California June 17 - Aug. 6, 1937 2. Ecological study of "Primitive Area", Straw- berry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Oct. - Dec. 1937

Arnold, L. Nevada, Oregon, Utah June - Aug. 1937

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Arnold, Lee 1937 Catalog of Specimens May 23 - June 24, 1937 #198 - 384

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Lee Arnoldel 1937 Catalog 1 Mi. NE Towle, Placer Co., Calif. May 23, 1937 198 ♀ Sceloporus graciosus gracilis ½ Mi. S Colneva, Lassen Co., Calif. May 24, 1937 ✓ 199 ♀ Citellus mollis 184-90-27-6; 96.4 gr. Warm Spring, 4,000 ft., 9 mi. E Amedee, Lassen Co., Calif. May 24, 1937 200 Pituothis catenifer deserticola 4½ mi. WNE Stacy, 4,000 ft., Lassen Co., Calif. May 25, 1937 ✓ 201 ♂ Dipodomys ordii (?) 255-156-37-10; 61 gr. ✓ 202 ♀ " " 245-128-40-15; 60.7 gr. ✓ 203 ♂ Perognathus panamint ✓ 204 ♀ " 197-102-23-9; 27.6 gr. ✓ 205 ♂ " 180-98-24-9; 28.2 gr. ✓ 206 ♂ Peromyscus 158-72-19-20; 22.1 gr. ✓ 207 ♀ Dipodomys merriami 246-143-39-13; 46.7 ✓ 208 ♀ " " 230-128-39-13; 44.4 gr. Warm Spring, 4,000 ft., 9 mi. E Amedee Lassen Co., Calif. May 26, 1937 ✓ 209 ♂ Myiochones richardsoni 159-257 14.5 gr. ✓ 210 ♀ Peromyscus 143-65-19-15 14.5 gr. ✓ 211 ♀ Reithrodontimys 143-66-16-16 15.1 gr. ✓ 212 ♂ " 138-70-16-15 12. gr. ✓ 213 ♂ " 142-71-17-15 13.1 gr.

Lee Arnold 1937 Catalog Warm Spring, 4,000 ft, 9 mi. E Amedee, Lassen Ca, Calif. May 26, 1937 -214 ♀ Reithrodontomys 135-70-16-14.5; 11.3 gr. Skull only ✓215 ♀ Sylvilagus nuttelli 360-32-91-63; 950 gr. 216 Cnemidophorus 217 Crotaphytus 218 Fish - From warm water of Warm Spring 218 Oreochpeis May 27, 1937 ✓219 ♀ Perognathus longimembris 140-71-19-7; 12.7 gr. ✓220 ♂ Microdipodops 158-80-26-13; 14.8 gr. ✓221 ♂ Eutamias minimus 193-86-29-17; [illegible] ✓222 ♂ " " 186-81-28-16; ∞ ✓223 ♀ Myotis T.L.102 W.S. 279 Ed-14 Tragus7; 75 gr. 224 Approx. 2 mi. NE Sand Pass, 3,500 ft, Washoe Co., Nevada. May 27, 1937 224 Cnemidophorus 225 Crotaphytus 5,800 ft, Horse Canyon, Bohrum Peak, Washoe Co., Nevada May 28, 1937 ✓226 ♂ Peromyscus 155-69-20-19; 20.8 gr. ✓227 ♂ Corynorhinus 104-48-11-36 Tragus: 16 W.S. 302; 7.7 gr. Skull only ✓228 ♀ Meotoma (Teonoma) 353-148-38-33; 335.5 gr. May 29, 1937 ✓229 ♀ Microtus 164-56-20-14; 31.8 gr. ✓230 ♀ Thomomys quadratus 184-60-26-5; 65.7 gr.

Lee Emmett Catalog 1937 Horse Canyon, 5800 ft., Pahrum Pk., Washoe Co, Nevada. May 29, 1937 ~231 ♂ Perognathus parvus 194-104-28-9; 23.8qr. ~232 ♂ Neotoma cinerea 320-41-34-128; 219.2qr. 23 4 mi W Pahrum Peak, 4,200 ft., Washoe Co, Nevada May 29, 1937 233 Phrynosoma plectyrhinus 234 " " Horse Canyon, 5,000 ft., 3 mi. NW Pahrum Peak, Washoe Co, Nevada. May 30, 1937 skull only ~235 Canis latrans ~236 ♂ Perognathus parvus 180+-80+-34-11; 25.7qr. ~237 ♀ " " (6emb)172-81-22-9; 22.3qr. 4 mi. N.W. Pahrum Pk., 4,200 ft, Washoe Co., Nevada. May 30, 1937 ~238 ♀ Perognathus formosus 182-100-22-11; 19.5qr. ~239 ♂ " longimembris 144-77-20-7; 8.8qr. ~240 ♀ (6emb)" " 151-74-19-7; 13.5qr. ~241 ♂ " " 141-72-18-7; 9.0qr. ~242 ♀ (5emb)" " 121+-63+-18-6.5; 8.8qr. ~243 ♀ " " 139-72-18.5-7; 8.3qr ~244 ♀ Dipodomys (ordii?) 229-110-40-14; 42.5qr. ~245 ? " merriemi 239-134-37-14.5; 39.9qr.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Catalog Horse Canyon, S, 800 ft., Pahrum Pk, Washoe Co., Nevada May 30, 1937 v 246 ♂ Thomomys quadratus 208-47-27-5.5; 96.7gr. v 247 ♀ " " " 192-53-24-6; 99.7gr. Fox Canyon, 4, 800 ft., 1 mi. S Pahrum Peak, Washoe Co., Nevada. May 31, 1937 v 248 ♂ Perognathus longimembris 137-74-19-7; 6.8 gr. v 249 ♀ (6 Emb) " " 116+ -48+ -8-6.5; 10.3gr. v 250 ♂ " " 132-66-8-6.2; 7.6 gr. v 251 ♂ Dipodomys ordii (?) 243-149-40-15; 63.5gr. v 252 ♀ " " 254-138-39-14; 58.9gr. v 253 ♀ Peromyscus maniculatus 143-63-20-17; 14.2gr. 254 Sceloporus graciosus Mouth of Fox Canyon, 4,250 ft., 7½ mi S Pahrum Peak, Washoe Co., Nevada v 255 ♀ Ammospermophilus leucurus 211-60-38-13 ; 117.5gr. 256 Cnemidophorus 257 " 258 " near Smith Creek Cave, 5800ft, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 4, 1937 v 259 ♀ Perognathus longimembris 132-72-17-7 8.9gr. v 260 ♀ " " 128-70-17-6.5 7.5gr. v 261 ♀ Peromyscus crinitus 172-88-19-18 15.8gr. v 262 ♀ " maniculatus 179-75-18-20; 25.4gr.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Costa Rica near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800 ft, J.T.H. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 4, 1937 \263 \ Peromyscus maniculatus 154-69-18-19; 22.4gr. \264 ? Dipodomys (?) \221-126-139-19; 41.3gr. \265 \ " ordii (?) \275-161-40-13.5; 61.3gr. \266 ? " " \273-158-40-14; 61.8gr. \267 \ " " \271-157-40-15; 69.8gr. \268 ? " " \225-142-36-13 ; 54.2gr. \269 \ Neotoma lepida fusipes \241-70-31-31; 48.7gr. 1 mile W Smith Creek Cave, 6,000ft, J.T.H. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 5, 1937 \270 ? Ammoperomophilus leucurus \212-69-39-14.5; 128.6gr. near Smith Creek Cave, 6,800ft, J.T.H. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 3, 1937 271 Pituophis catenifer 1\1/2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,800 ft, J.T.H. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 6, 1937 skull only \272 ? Thomomys bottae 203-59-27-5.5; 91.8gr. 4 mi S Gandy, 5,000 ft, Millard Co, Utah June 6, 1937 skull only \273 Lynx rufus \274 \ Dipodomys (ordii?) 237-130-38-13; 40.2gr. \275 ? Dipodomys (microps?) 276-159-40-15; 68.9gr.

Lee Arnold 1937 Catalog 4 mi S Gandy, 5,000 ft, Millard Co., Utah. June 6, 1937 276 ♂ Dipodomys (microps?) 260-143-42-14; 58.3 gr. 277 ♀ Peromyscus maniculatus 158-66-20-21; 20 gr. 278 ♂ " " " 151-62-18-18.5; 18.3 gr. 279 Phrynosoma platyhinus 1 mi SW Gandy, 5,000 ft, Millard Co., Utah 280 Thamnophis ordinoides 281 " " 282 ♀ Thomomys bottae. 234-65-31-6; 160 gr. 283 ♀ " " " 210+ -58+ -29.5-6; 133 gr. 284 ♂ " " " 194-40-28-5; 82.5 gr. near Smith Creek Cave, 5800 ft, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. June 6, 1937 285 Cnemidophorus June 7, 1937 286 ♀ Sceloporus occidentalis 287 ♂ Peromyscus crinitus 165-82-19-21; 16.7 gr. skeleton only 288 ♀ " " " 157-81-19-18; 9.3 gr 289 ♂♀ " maniculatus 142-61-17-18; 18.5 gr 290 ♂♂ " " " 162-71-20-17; 22.5 gr. 291 ♂ Neotoma 282-111-30-30; 46.1 gr. 292 ♂ Dipodomys 266-152-40-14; 55.3 gr 293 ♂ Neotoma 216-89-29-26; 64.7 gr. 294 ♂

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Lee Arnold 1937 Catalog 1 1/2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,000 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. June 7, ✓294 ♂ Ammospermophilus 195-45-39-14; 33.5 gr. near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 7, 295 Cnemidophorus 3 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, 5,500 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 8, 1937 296 Cnemidophorus 297 Cnemidophorus 298 Cnemidophorus 298 Ute stansburiana ✓299♂ Dipodomys microps (?) 271-159-42-14; 60.8 gr. ✓300 ♂ Onychomys leucogaster 119-34-19-17.5; 14.5 gr. near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800 ft., Nevada 301 Coluber tadenatus 3 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, 5,500 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. June 8, 1937 302 Phrynosoma platyrhinos 303 ♀ Cyanoccephalus cyznocephalus 276-441; 99 gr. 304 ♀ " " 275-464; 24.7 gr. 1 mi. SE Gandy, 5,000 ft. Millard Co., Utah June 9, 1937 skeleton ✓305 ♂ Reithrodontomys 196-70-16-16; 9.2 gr.

Lee Arnold 1937 Catalog 1 mi. SE Gendy, 5,000 ft., Millard Co., Utah June 9, 1937 skeleton ✓306 ♂ Reithrodontomys 136-64-16-16; 10.6 gr. 307 ♂ " 146-67-17-15; 13.39 gr. ✓308 ♀ Dipodomys 275-159-40.5-15.5; 65.4 gr. ✓309. ♀ " 249+ -131+ -40- 14.5; 61.5 gr. ♂ near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800 ft, Tht. Morich, White Pine Co., Nevada. June 9, 1937 ✓310 ♀ Neotoma lepida 280-119-29-31; 125.1 gr. ✓311 ♀ Peromyscus crinitus 164-83-18-19; 13.7 gr. ✓312 ♀ Dipodomys 272-151-41-15; 59.2 gr. . mi. E Smith Creek Cave, 5,600 ft, Tht. Morich White Pine Co., Nevada. June 10, 1937 313 Phrynosoma platyrhinos 314 " skeleton 315 ♂ Perognathus longimembris 136-73-16-7.5; 7.4 gr. June 9 ✓316 ♂ Myotis 80-34-6.5-11-Tragus 4.5; W.S. ; 6 gr. skeleton. ✓317 ♀ Myotis. 84-36-7-14-Tragus 10; W.S. 245; 4.99 gr . mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft, Tht. Morich, White Pine Co., Nevada. June 11, 1937 ✓318 ♂ Neotoma lepida 292-120-30-29; 147.0 gr. ✓319 ♀ Myotis 96-44-8-14; Tragus 9.5; W.S. 254; 5.8 gr. ✓320 ♀ Peromyscus crinitus 177-92-19-19; 18.1 gr. ✓321 ♀ " " 172-91-19-21; 17.4 gr.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Catalog 3 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. Junell, 1937 ✓ 322 ♂ Peromyscus cinnatus 164-90-19-18.5; 14.5 gr. ✓ 323 ♀ " " 166-80-21-20.5; 16.5 ✓ 324 ♀ Neotoma lepida 291-124-31-32; 120 gr. June 12, 1937 ✓ 325 ♀ Perognathus 911-107-22-11; 16.8 gr. ✓ 326 ♂ Neotoma lepida 306-126-29-30; 57.8 gr. skull only ✓ 327 ♀ Myotis 103-59-10-12 Tragus 7-W.S. 275; 6.9 gr. ♫ Henry Creek, mi. S Grandy, 5,000 ft, White Pine Co., Nevada / Millard Co., Utah June 13, 1937 ✓ 328 ♀ Dipodomys ordii 223-120-37-13 ✓ 329 ♀ " " 231-131-38-13 ✓ 330 ♂ " " 236-127-40-15 ✓ 331 ♂ " " 246-136-40-15. 2 mi W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. June 13/1937 skeleton ✓ 332 ♀ Eutamias dorsalis 230-95-31-22; 80.4 gr. ✓ 333 ♀ Myotis 95-38-8-12-Tragus S-W.S. 270; 6.5 ✓ 334 ♀ " 101-46-8-13-Tragus B.S.W. 5x279; 7.6 gr. June 14, 1937 ✓ 335 ♂ Neotoma lepida 285-117-30-29; 52.8 ✓ 336 ♀ Peromyscus maniculatus 150-68-21-18; 13.7

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L. Amock 1937 Catalog Henry Creek, mi S Gandy, 5,000ft, Millard Co., Utah, June 13, 1937 ✓ 337 ♂ Tammospermophilus 212-61-38-13; 120gr. ✓ 338 ♀ " " ✓ 339 ♀ skeleton " " 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300ft, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 14, 1937 ✓ 340 ♀ Myotis evotis (lemh)x3 84-38-8.5-20-Trogus 13 341 ♀ " " W. S. 247; 5.19gr. ✓ 341 ♀ " (lemh x 2) 94-49-8.5-12.5 Trogus 8 W.S. 260 ✓ 342 ♀ " 96-49-8-13-Trogus 7.5 W.S. 266; 6.5 gr. ✓ 343 ♀ skeleton " " 98-48-8.5-12.5 Tr. 9 W.S. 263; 7gr. ✓ 344 ♀ " 89+ -34+-7.5-(Eaten by ants); .5 June 15, 1937 3 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,500ft, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada ✓ 345 ♀ Neotoma lepida 298-122-32-30; 39. 2gr. 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300ft, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 15, 1937 (Emh.) ✓ 346 ♀ Myotis 95-42-8-13-Trogus 8.5 W.S. 257; 6.89gr. (Emb) ✓ 347 ♀ " 105-44-8.5-13-Trogus 8-W.S. 273; 8.29gr. ✓ 348 ♀ " 99-42-8-12.5 Trogus 8-W.S. 258; 8.7gr. 349 ♀ " " skeleton ✓ 350 ♀ Myotis (l emb.) 96-40-8-13 Trogus 8.5 W.S. 263, 7.29 gr. 102-44-7-15(Trogus eaten by ants); 5.5gr.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Catalog 1 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,000 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 14, 1937 skeleton 351 ♂ Thomomys bottae 212-44-29-4; 115 gr. 352 ♀ " " 230-74-28-5; 145 gr. 353 ♀ Eutamias 214-91-32-20; 76.8 gr. 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada 354 ♂ Myotis evotis 81-34-9-21-Tr.13-Ws.252; 4.5 gr. 355 ♀ Myotis (sp?) 95-42-9-13-Tr.8-w.s.267; 7.1 gr. 356 ♀ " " 99-43-8-13-Tr.8-Ws.272; 7.5 gr. June 17, 1937 357 ♂ Peromyscus crinitus 178-92-20-19.5; 16.3 gr. 358 ♀ " " 168-84-19-18'; 15.5 gr. ½ mi. W Smith Creek Cave, Mt. Moriah, 6,000 ft. White Pine Co., Nevada skeleton 359 ♂ Spilogale phenax 332-117-41-24; 194.5 gr. 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 18, 1937 360 ♀ Perognathus 190-103-23-12; 21.5 gr. 361 ♂ Peromyscus crinitus 169-87-20.s-19; 17 gr. 362 ♀ " " 172-38-21-20; 16.2 gr. 363 ♀ " " 164-82-20-20; 15.3 gr. 364 ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 169-70-20-21; 20.1 gr. 365 ♀ " " 167-67-20-19; 18.6 gr. June 17, 1937 (mem) 366 ♀ Myotis 99-47-8-13.S-Tr.8.s-Ws.273; 7.3 gr.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Catalog 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 4,300 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co, Nevada June 17, 1937 skeleton 367♀ Myotis evotis 90-38-8-20.5-Tr.13-wis.260; 5.8gr. skeleton 368♀ Myotis (rejected) 369 Spotted Night Snake 370 Western Shink ½ mi. E Mt.Morich, 10,000 ft, White Pine Co, Nevada ✓ 371♀ Callospermophilus 241-81-38-17 Hendry Creek, 9,100ft, 1½ mi. E Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co, Nevada June 20, 1937 ✓ 372♂ Sorex 151-66-20-7 ✓ 373♂ Microtus 171-58-21-13 ✓ 374♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 158-69-20-18 June 21, 1937 ✓ 375♂ Sorex 146-67-20-7 ✓ 376♂ Thomomys 221-72-29-5.5 skeleton ✓ 377♂ Microtus 142-41-20-14 skeleton ✓ 378♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 143-75-19.5-18 June 22, 1937 skeleton ✗ 379♀ Sorex 166-70-17-8 Hendry Creek, 8,000ft, 2½ mi. E Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co, Nevada June 21, 1937 stull only ✓ 380♂ Eutamias quadrivittatus (no measurements possible)

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La Arnold 1937 Catalog Hendry Creek, 4,200 ft., 8 mi. SETN. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 22, 1937 381 Pituothis ctenifer June 23, 1937 382 ♀ Reithrodontrmys meqatotis 147-78-17-15 383 ♀ Peromyscus arnitus 175-90-20.5-21.5 Skeleton June 24, 1937 384 Themnophis ordinoides

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Arnold, Lee 1937 California, Nevada, Utah Oregon Itinerary May 24, 1937 - June 23, 1937

Lee Arnwell 815 Avalon Court Mission Beach San Diego

Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary May 24, 1937 Reno, Washoe Co., Nevada Our party, consisting of Dave Johnson, Dr. Henry Fitch and myself, left the Museum of Vertebrate Zoology in Berkeley, Calif. at 9:30 A.M May 23, 1937 in a 1928 Dodge truck. Our journey to this point was via Sacramento, Roseville, Auburn, and Truckee. Yesterday evening we made one stop 1 mile northeast of Towle, Placer Co. for the purpose of collecting and observing any vertebrates that might be in that vicinity. During the brief stop of approx. 1/2 hour I saw two (fem.) Sceloporus graciosus gracilis, one of which I was able to collect. Dr. Fitch collected two Garter Snakes and one Skink on this stop while Mr. Johnson reported having observed a chipmunk. While traveling along the highway near Carpenters flat Dr. Fitch reported having seen a Porcupine in an oak tree along the road. Near the same locality I noted two Chickarees which had been run over on the highway. At the stop 1 mile north of Towle I might mention that I observed a number of dracoon tracks along the creek. At the same spot I noted a pair (?) of Mountain Chickadees fluttering about in the bushes to one side of the creek. On closer observation I noted that they seemed particularly interested in several small woodpecker holes (?) in two dead stumps beside the creek. The lowest of these holes (four in all) was about 8 feet high and the highest about 13 feet. One of the birds in particular seemed especially interested in examining the contents of the

Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary May 24, 1937 Reno, Washoe Co., Nevada holes. It would fly from the entrance of one hole to the entrance of another and poke its head in the entrance opening. We spent the night alongside of the Truckee river about 20 miles west of Reno but we did not set out any traps. May 25 Warm Spring, 4000ft., 9 mi. E Amedee, Lassen Co., Calif. Yesterday we left Reno, Nevada at 10:30 A.M. on highway # 395. We continued north on this road as far as Doyle. Here we turned to the right and continued via dirt road to the present location. The area between Doyle and our present location is characterized by low, scattered salt bushes which cover the floor of this broad uneven valley. One thing of interest to me was the presence of a Bald Eagle about 12 miles NE of Doyle. This bird was apparently after some sort of prey when first observed. It was flying about 15 feet from the ground. Three times it swooped down to the ground and thence back up as if after some sort of animal. Finally it perched on a low bush and watched our car. The bird was just getting its white feathers around the head region and the tail was gray in color. At about 1/2 mile south of Colneva I shot one imm. Citellus nedis. Dave Johnson shot three of the same species some 2 mile or so south of here (Colneva). We arrived at Warm Spring in the early afternoon. The area around the springs is typical brushy desert, but because of the presence of water, green trees and grass are found here. Along the east line of the farm at Warm Springs is a row of large Fremont Cottonwood trees which we are camping beneath these. Yesterday afternoon I saw a Red-tail Hawk carry a snake into the top of one of these

Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary May 25 Warm Spring, 4000ft, 9 mi. E of Medee, Lassen Co., Calif. cottonwoods. On closer observation I discovered a nest in the top branches of the tree. There are quite a number of large hawks in this area. Those identified included Rough-leg Hawks, Red-tailed Hawks, Prairie Falcon (?), and several other broad-winged hawks (probably Swainson). The limiting factor on the abundance of these birds seems to be the presence of suitable roosting and nesting sites. Almost every tree of any size seems to be occupied by these birds at night. I have noted several Bullock Oriole nests? Say Phoebe nests in this area. In one case, an old barn 4½ Mi. WNW of Stacy we found young Say Phoebes about ½ grown. Barn Swallows and Cliff Swallows seem to be fairly common in this area. Several of these are nesting around the buildings at Warm Spring. Last night we set out traps 4½ Mi. WNW of Stacy, Lassen Co., Nevada. I set out 60 traps. The first 30 were in salt bush surrounding an old deserted farm. The last 30 were set some 500 yards east of here in a more sandy spot where the salt bush was more sparing. In the traps set around the farmhouse I caught 9 specimens. They are as follows: Dipodomys (ordii?) + (2♂; 2♀) (1♀) Dipodomys merriami 4 (2♂; 2♀) Peromyscus maniculatus 1 (♂) Perognathus 3 (1♂; 2♀) In the area east of the farm I caught: Dipodomys (Ordii?) 3 (2♀; 1♂)

Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary May 26 Warm Spring, 4000 ft., 9 mi E Arnold, Lassen Co., Calif. Last night I was assigned to set out a trap line around the cultivated alfalfa field to the south of Warm Spring proper. I set out 108 traps most of which were in the grassy plots along the fence of the farm. In all I caught 18 Peromyscus maniculatus and four Reithrodontomys. I saw no signs whatsoever of Microtus. I preserved all of the 'Reithras' and one of the Peromyscus. Accounts on the habitats of these will be found in the species account. Yesterday evening while setting out the traps I shot one small Sylvilagus near the south end of the alfalfa patch. This morning I shot an adult at the same locality. In the brush next to the field south of the alfalfa patch I found the remains of a Cackling Goose. I asked the attendant at the ranch if these occured here in the winter and he said that at times large flocks forage in the field. He claims to have fed them quite some corn last winter. At several times during the last few days I have seen a pair(?) of Mallard Ducks flying south of the alfalfa patch. At one time I saw three of these birds - 18 & 29. The male was chasing the ? much as might be expected of mated or mating birds. If I have time I am going to try to locate any possible nesting sites of these ducks. Brewer Blackbirds are very numerous around this field. While setting traps

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Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary May 26 Warm Spring, 4,000 ft, 9 mi. E Amedee, Lassen Co., Calif I have noted five nests in particular and have every reason to believe that there are many more. Below is a rough sketch of the area around the camp showing various items of interest and the route of the trap line last night. Numerous rabbit skulls were found close to the eastern fence - probably those eaten by hawks North west (100) (50) Farm bldgs. with Phoebes + Swallows nests Ours Camp Red-tail Hawk nest Populus fremontii (row) where Hawks roost (12) x Salt Bush Salt Bush canal with warm H2O Alfalfa Poor Alfalfa End of trap line Dead Cackling goose To marsh 500 yds. Low meadow end static line (approx. 100yds. from fence (east))

[illegible] [illegible] 12/3/70 [illegible]

Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary Warm Spring, 4000 ft. 9 mi. E Hmedee, Lassen Co., Calif. May 26. Hawks. While writing these notes I saw a Cnemidophorus slowly walking along a dirt bank about 50 yds. from camp. With the help of Fitch and Johnson I was able to shoot it. While procuring this specimen Johnson saw a Crotaphytus which I also shot (only after many attempts of the group to catch it by hand). It seems that Crotaphytus allows one to get closer without moving than does Cnemidophorus but when a person gets too close (i.e. 2 feet) it rapidly runs to another bush. Inasmuch as we are leaving this location today I will here give a nominal list of the birds seen in this vicinity in the last three days: 1. Great Blue Heron (dead one seen by Fitch) 2. Cackling Goose (dead) 3. T Mallard 4. Turkey Vulture 5. Western Red-tailed Hawk 6. Ferruginous Rough-legged Hawk 7. Swainson Hawk (?) 8. Bald Golden Eagle (about 5 mi. S.W.) 9. T Marsh Hawk. 10. Prairie Falcon (?) 11. Coot (remains of very dead bird) 12. Killdeer 13. T Mourning Dove 14. Poorwill

Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary Warm Spring, 4000 ft., 9 mi. E Ethedee, Lassen Co, Calif. May 26, 15. Pintail Duck (18') 16. Wilson Phalarope 17. Avocet 18. Redhead 19. Spotted Sandpiper (2) 20. Red-wing Blackbird 21. Western Kingbird 22. Western Wood Pewee (coll.) 23. Cliff Swallow 24. Barn Swallow 25. Sage Thrasher (coll.) 27. Western Robin 28. White-rumped Shrike 29. Cassin Solitaire Vireo 30. Yellow Warbler 31. Red-winged Blackbird 32. Meadowlark 33. Brewer Blackbird 34. Bullock Oriole 35. Lazuli Bunting 36. House Finch 37. English Sparrow

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Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary Warm Spring, 4000ft, 9mi. E Ft Medee, Lassen Ca. May 26 It is interesting to note that about 3/4 mile from the spring is found a marshy area where water which is not used for irrigating accumulates. The water birds seen in and around this marsh are listed on the nominal list. From the actions of some of these birds (namely Aracets) I would predict that they may be nesting in this area. May 27 Yesterday afternoon while around camp Johnson shot a Sage Thrasher. This bird, which was very Mockingbird-like in general appearance was running along the ground in much the same manner as would a Hermit Thrush. It would run a few steps, stop & look and then if it did not see any likely food it would run on. Last night I set out 73 traps on the flat NE of camp. The area where the traps were set was characterized by scattered saltbush and other small plants. I caught the following: Perognathus parvus 1̸ Perognathus longimembris 1̸ Microdipodops pallidus 1̸ Eutamias minimus 2̸-Adults 2̸ young Dipodomys microps(?) 1̸ 1̸ Citellus mollis 1 The immediate habitats of the species mentioned will be found in their respective species accounts. Last night at dusk I shot a bat which was flying over the alfalfa field. As the alfalfa

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Lee Donald 1937 Itinerary May 27 Warm Spring, 4,000 ft, 9 mi Ethwedeo, Lassen Co, Calif. is about 2 ft. high and it was impossible to find the bat in the dark I waited until this morning to hunt for it. Much to my surprise I was able to find it quite easily. Although a wing was broken and a shirt had cut through the heavy shoulder muscles the bat was still alive. It was a tTlyotis (sp.? ). Several other similar appearing bats were seen but none were tagged. While shooting bats the large hawks roosting in the cottonwood trees would fly about — frightened by the shots. At one time I counted over 30 in the air at once. They were all broad-winged hawks — with the exception of a few harriers (Marsh hawks) but because of the poor light I could not make out the species. It was interesting to me that such large flocks should roost together in one locality at a time of the year when nesting is in full swing. Could it be that these are young birds for the most part or are they old birds which have not as yet started to nest. Because of the great numbers I am somewhat inclined to favor the former. There are great numbers of Flourning Doves around this locality. At one time I observed young birds just out of the nest (2). Out of seven nests of Brewer Blackbirds observed six had eggs and one had half grown young. For the last two days the weather has

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Leelamond 1937 Warm Spring, 4,000 ft., 9 mi. E Amedee, Lassen Co, Calif. Itinerary May 27 been warm and clear. It is interesting to note that English Sparrows are common in this out of the way locality. Yesterday I observed a pair mating on barbed wire fence. For the last two evenings I have heard coyotes howling. Other carnivores of the region have not been noted. I saw Bobcat tracks south of the alfalfa patch in the soft mud yesterday. Fitch found some old gopher workings about a mile south of camp in a meadow resulting from the water overflow. He & Johnson set traps but as yet have caught nothing. The attendant here on the ranch says that he has caught two gophers since he has been on the place (7 yrs.). Yesterday I saw Western Kingbirds carrying nesting materials. May 28 Horse Canyon, 5,800 ft., NW Tehrum Pk, Washoe Co, Nevada. Yesterday at noon we left Warm Spring enroute for Fox Mountain (alias Tehrum Peak). We went by way of Flannigan and Pyramid. Between Warm Spring & Flannigan were great numbers of Citellus mollis. This seems to be the height of their season of activity. We stopped at Pyramid, which is just west of Pyramid Lake and asked as to how to get to Tehrum Peak (Fox Mountain). The man there informed us that the north side was the most likely place and told us how to get to Horse Canyon. After a stop at Round Hole for gas we cut

Lee Arnold Horse Canyon, 5,800 ft., Pohrum Pt, Washoe Co, Nevada 1937 Itinerary May 28, across the south end of Smoke Creek Desert. In the low brush of this region I collected two lizards (1 Cnemidophorus & 1 Crotaphytes). After traveling on a very poor road along the west base of the Fox Mountain Range for about ten miles we arrived at the narrow mouth of Horse Canyon. We travelled about 3 miles east up Horse Canyon to our present camp site. In these three miles we rose from 4,000 ft. (the desert floor) - to 5,800 ft. (Our present camp site. This area where we are now camped is characterized by the presence of Junipers on the side hills and Quaking Aspen in the low areas along moist places. Other plants such as willow are also found along the stream. The ground on the side hills is very thin and rocky but in the hollows it is very rich. Because of the presence of water several patches of alfalfa and garden plants are cultivated by the farmer and miners in the canyon. The sides of the canyon are very steep and rocky. This morning I went up to the mines on the north side of the canyon. One of the miners took quite an interest in my work and was to help me find some bats in one of the shafts. Evidently the bats had left the mine where he had seen them for a close search of the shaft revealed nothing. He told me

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Lee Arnold House Canyon, 5800ft Pahrum Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada 1937 Itinerary May 28, to go through all the other mines on the side hill and see what I could find. In the highest mine from the floor of the valley (approx. 1,000 ft.) I found a Corynorhinus (Lump-nosed Bat) hanging from the roof of the chamber about 75 feet from the entrance. I collected this. It was interesting to note the way the long ears were folded back over the sides of the head of the bat in a circular manner. In all I went to the ends of eight shafts (tunnels) which varied from twenty to several hundred feet in length. In the first cave, the one the miners were working in, I found nothing but the remains of a Neotoma cinerea nest. The miners showed me a dead adult & rat which I took back to camp later. They said that they had not killed the rat and had no idea of how it was killed. In the 2nd mine I found nothing. In the 3rd I found fresh cuttings and nests of wood rats. At the very end of the mine I found three open nests on the floor of the tunnel. These nests were built much like a bird's nest (i.e. Calif. Jay) and were not covered over in any way. At the very end of the shaft was a narrow split in the rock which evidently was used as a refuge place for the rat when molested. There was fresh droppings and urine on the floor of the mine near this opening so I surmised

Lee Arnold Horse Canyon 5,000ft. Pahran Mtn. Washoe Co. Nevada 1937 Itinerary May 28 that the rat must have just entered the crack when it heard me approaching. The floor of the tunnel was covered with dung. This was in the form of pellets about 1/2 inch long and 1/4 inch across. I later found out that these were probably porcupine droppings. From the great numbers of these droppings in all of the mines and the absence of the mammals from the mines at this time of the year I presume that they are used as places of refuge in the winter. From the miners around here I have found that quite a few of the mammals inhabit the aspen trees in the winter. In the 4th cave I found two small mice scampering about trying to find a way out at the far end of the mine when I had shut off their means of escape. I was able to catch one of these (Peromyscus [menigulpetus] crossed out, then written as) gambelii.) At the mouth of this same mine I found the nest of a Say's Phoebe with 4 oval, white eggs in it. The nest was set on a ledge and contains very little mud. The most of the material of the nest seemed to be moss. The two adult birds hovered around the entrance of the shaft while I examined their nest. In the fifth cave I found nothing but porcupine droppings. In the 6th the floor was covered by about five inches of water. It was

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Lee Arnold Horse Canyon, 5,800 ft Pahrum Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada 1937 Itinerary May28 apparent, however, that wood rats were present by the sign along the ledges of the cave. Evidently they hopped from ledge to ledge to avoid getting into the water. The 7th cave contained nothing of interest while the 8th cave was partly submerged by water. May29 Yesterday afternoon I ran a trapping line of 75 traps west of the camp. Fifty of the traps were along or near the streambed while the rest were in the brush up a side canyon below the location of the mines. I also set out four gopher traps (sets) near camp and one about 1/4 mile down the road. In two of the mines I set rat traps for wood rats. In the traps set along the creek I caught three Peromyscus maniculatus and one Microtus mordax. In the traps set up the side canyon I caught one Perognathus parvus. In the traps set in and around the mines I caught one & Neotoma cinerea and two Peromyscus maniculatus. In the gopher traps near camp I caught one ? Thomomys quadratus. The habitat of these specimens will be described in the species accounts. May30 Yesterday afternoon Dr. Fitch and I drove down canyon to set our traps. We stopped at a farmhouse on the way down to enquire as to where we could find various animals. The fellow living there told us

Lee Arnold Horse Canyon, 5800ft, Pahrum Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada 1937 Itinerary May 30, the locality of a Coyote which had been in a trap since last winter. We also found out that several years ago squirrels had been abundant near the mouth of the canyon but in late years they have disappeared. I do not know what species these were, however. In the way down valley we set two pairs of gopher traps in holes in an alfalfa field which had been abandoned. I set 50 traps farther down canyon along the dry creek bed and in the scattered brush on the flat and ten sets up a small side canyon. We then went down to the mouth of the canyon and out onto the floor of the desert. Here I set 43 traps. About 1/2 of these were among the bushes on hard, windswept ground while the rest were over hilly, sandy country. In both cases the bushes averaged about 8 feet apart. This morning we broke up camp before going around to the traps. In the three remaining gopher sets that were around camp I had two Thomomys quadritus. On the way to the traps in the mouth of the canyon I picked up a coyote skull which I had been told about. In the traps (50) set along the creek bed I had 4 Perognathus parvus (28+2?) and 2 Peromyscus maniculatus (18+1?). None of the 10 sets up the side canyon had been disturbed. In the sets on the desert floor to the east of Smoke Creek desert I had; 1 Perognathus formosus ♀

Lee Arnold 1937 Horse Canyon, 5800ft; Pahrum Ph, Washoe Co., Nevada Itinerary May 30 6 Perognathus longimembris (3♂ + 3♀) 1 Dipodomys merriami (♂) 2 Dipodomys ordii (?) (2 ♀) While gathering in my traps I was startled by a two foot rattlesnake beside my trap. When I attempted to catch the snake it crawled into a hole (Probably Dipodomys). The birds seen in the Horse Canyon vicinity were: 1. Western Red-tailed Hawk 2. Cooper Hawk 3. Horned Owl (By Johnson) 4. Hummingbird (sp?) 5. Red-shafted Flicker 6. Western Kingbird 7. Western Flycatcher 8. Say's Phoebe 9. Ash-throated Flycatcher 10. Western Wood Pewee 11. Horned Lark 12. Cliff Swallow 13. Violet Green Swallow 14. Barn Swallow 15. Black-billed Magpie 16. Thrasher (sp?) 17. Western Robin 18. Gnatcatcher (sp?) 19. White-rumped Shrike 20. Western Warbling Vireo

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Lee Arnold Horse Canyon, 5800 ft., Pahrum Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada 1937 Itinerary May 30 21. Lutescent Warbler 22. Tolmie Warbler 23. California Yellow Warbler 24. Brewer Blackbird 25. Bullock Oriole 26. Western Tanager 27. Black-headed Grosbeak 28. Lazuli Bunting 29. House Finch 30. Purple Finch 31. Lawrence Goldfinch 32. Green-tailed Towhee (abundant) 33. Spotted Towhee 34. Sage Sparrow 35. Western Leath Sparrow 36. Fox Sparrow (sp.?) 37. Unknowns - several Yesterday afternoon while setting traps I caught two Phrynosoma platyrhinos on the east side of Smoke Creek Desert. May 31 Fox Canyon, 4800 ft., 4 mi. S Pahrum Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada Weather: Fair and cool - mild breeze this after- noon. Camp: In wash next to newly made cabin and watering trough (Probably that made by government for Indian stock.) Low hills on both sides. Pyramid Lake visible to the south when on hill. Vegetation: Low,

Lee Arnold Fox Canyon, 4,800 ft, 4 mi S Pahrum Pr. Washoe Co., May 1937 Itinerary May 31, scrubby. Scattered—on average 1 bush every 4 feet. Soil: Sandy in certain spots (namely creek and arroyo bottoms), silt on hills and packed, dry earth prevalent. We arrived here yesterday about 3 o'clock P.M. After setting up camp I set out a trapline of 65 traps. This morning I had: 4 Dipodomys ordii (?) (3♀ + 1♂) 3 Perognathus longimembris (2♂+1♀) 2 Peromyscus maniculatus (1♂+1♀) The trapping was laid in the hilly country to the NW of camp. The locations of various animals will be seen under the species accounts. This locality is the most barren of those stayed at on this trip. Few birds have been seen. Those that have are: 1. Western Kingbird 2. Ash-throated Fly catcher 3. Western Meadowlark 4. Magpie 5. Sage Sparrow 6. Sage Hen (by Johnson) 7. Western Nighthawk

Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary June 1 Reno, Washoe Co., Nevada We are stopping there for orders & supplies. Last night we did not set out any traps so that we might get an early start this morning. In coming from our camp to the north end of Pyramid Lake I shot an adult ? Ammospermophilus. It was sitting in the top of a bush watching me when I shot. It had very large tits and was apparently nursing young. When I went over to pick it up two ½ grown young ducked down a hole under the bush. I shot two Cnemidoporus of the same locality. En route for Reno we came by way of Pyramid and . On the NW side of the lake we saw numerous Ammospermophiles From Pyramid we came directly to Reno. June 3 Yesterday we traveled all day. We left our temporary camp site along the highway early in the morning and arrived in Baker, Nevada at dusk. En route we saw various mammals. At East Gate we saw two Marmots. These animals were seen in a wash about 75 feet from the road. When we stopped the car they disappeared into their holes. At the same stop we saw a Rock Squirrel. At various places in the mountains we saw Chipmunks and Callospermophiles. Fitch shot one of the latter while I shot a Eutamias. The

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Lee Arnold near Smith Creek Cave, White Pine Co, Nevada 1937 Itinerary June 3, Eutamias escaped before we could catch it, however. This morning we went through the Lehman Caves (just outside of Baker). They were very interesting inasmuch as I have never been in a cave of that type. We did not see any bats in the cave. This is probably due to the presence of people in the cave, the comparative recent opening of the cave, and the fact that bats of this region have many caves to choose from. From here we went to Baker for Johnson to get a line on where we could camp and where we could get horses if necessary. We arrived at our present camp site at about 2:30 P.M. Just as we were entering the canyon we saw a single Prong-horned Antelope. This mammal ran across in front of the car, up the side hill and across the desert. By the time we got out of the car and up the hill the antelope was over several hundred yards from us. When we appeared on the horizon the antelope stopped and looked at us. near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800 ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co, Nevada. June 4 Yesterday after setting up camp I set out a line of 100 traps. These were in a direct line down the middle of the canyon from a spot directly north of camp. Our present

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Lee Arnold 1937 near Smith Creek Cave, Mt Moriah, White Pine Co Nevada Itinerary June 4 camp is situated on the south side of Smith Creek Canyon almost directly opposite the Smith Creek Cave. This cave is the one in which Dr Harrington of the Southwestern Museum is hunting for Pleistocene fossils. The purpose of our stay in this area is to get a line on the mammals of this area at present, the present floral associations and life zones, and a general idea of the relative abundance of life in this region. According to Johnson our objective is to trap systematically note all the plants, soil changes and various physical aspects of the area trapped. Because of this I am making an effort to be specific even at the risk of repetition. When we have finished with this area I am going to attempt to map the traplines and show exactly where the animals were caught. In all I caught 37 mammals last night. 15 Dipodomys ordii (mostly females) 9 Peromyscus maniculatus (4♂ 5♀) 10 Neotoma lepida (6♂ 4♀) 3 Perognathus longimembris (3♀) An account of the association of each of these is found in the species accounts. The traps were placed at an average of 40 feet apart so that for most of them the distance from camp can be

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Lee Arnold near Smith Creek Cave, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., N.Y. 1937 Itinerary June 4 estimated by knowing the number of the trap in which the mammal was caught. All this is given in the species account for this day. Yesterday while climbing to the cave we noted a Prairie Falcon circling over our heads. It would call at intervals of every few seconds. Finally it perched on a ledge some 60 feet above the cave and a little to the east. I was not able to see any signs of nest or young from the distance at which I was located. While we were in the cave a White-throated Swift flew in the entrance and disappeared in a fissure in the roof. In a moment it reappeared and flew out again. I could see no nest. Several (4) of these birds were seen flying about the entrance of the cave. This cave is about 75 feet across at its mouth and 30 feet high. It goes back into the mountain about 75 feet forming sort of a tea cup (on its side) depression. There was much sign of digging in the earth on the floor of the cave. At several places in the roof were large openings (from a few inches to three feet across). These seemed to lead back into the rock surrounding the cavern. We attempted to climb up one of the larger openings but

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Lee Arnold near Smith Creek Cave, TH Morish, White Pine Co, Nevada 1937 Itinerary June 4 did not succeed. I saw several Pinon Jays at various times on the side hill in back of camp. A Say Phoebe has its nest in the overhanging ledge which we cook under and sleep under. This bird is becoming accustomed to our presence and getting quite bold in feeding its young when we are near. June 5 Yesterday afternoon I set out two groups of traps for carnivores. One of these was on the creek about 1/4 mile west of camp while the other was on a trail some 800 yards farther. After setting these I went up up the valley in search of more sign. I saw none whatsoever. This morning I set out made three more carnivore settings. While doing this I located two fresh gopher diggings which I set traps in. These diggings were about a mile west of camp in the rocky soil on the south slope. In one instance the gopher appeared to be feeding on the roots of prickly pear cactus. I saw a small rabbit about 100 yards up a talus slope of pea-sized rocks on the north side of the canyon. I am not sure of its identity. So set a steel trap in the burrow which it appeared to enter. In appearance it was similar to a Pigmy Rabbit but the habitat was not right and I did not get

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Lee Arnold 1937 Dear Smith Creek Cave, H.H. Morish, White Pine Co., Nevada. Itinerary June sufficient opportunity to identify it positively. After setting the traps I continued up the canyon for about three miles. About two miles west of camp is a large grove of aspen (cottonwood?) trees. This grove must be at least 15 acres in extent. At this point the road (if one could call it that) ended. From here I followed the main stream up a heavily brushed canyon to the south. I progressed up this branch canyon until the bushes got so thick that I had to climb up on the ridge to make any progress at all. From this vantage point I could see that the canyon continued for quite some distance so turned around and headed for camp. — I failed to mention that on the way up I shot an Ammospermophilus. This mammal was sitting on a rock on the south side of the bottom of the canyon. It was a ♀ and was apparently nursing. June Yesterday afternoon Johnson and I drove down the Snake Valley to a ranch 1 mile east of Sandy, Utah. The ranch consisted of approx. 50 acres of alfalfa & few fruit trees and about 50 acres of semi-marshland where the surplus water accumulated. We set 9

Lee Arnold near Smith Creek Cave, Mt. Marich, White Pine Co., Nevada 1937 Itinerary June 6 sets of gopher traps in the edge of one of the big alfalfa fields. The farmer had never trapped or poisoned these rodents and consequently they were very abundant in the region of the green plants. Some of the holes were quite large. This was partly due to the ease with which the gophers could dig in the soft ground and the washing out of the burrows by irrigation water. While setting the traps I saw a Black-tailed Jack Rabbit and a bird which looked much like a ? Phesant. Because of the distance I could not be sure of the latter. After setting our traps here we went back down (south) the road 4 mi. to an open area where hard packed silt had blown up to form sand dunes. I set out 95 traps east of the road most of these were grouped in or around the sandy areas where accumulations of silt had blown up. In several of these areas about the dunes Dipodomys sign was abundant. In many places they would burrow almost horizontally into the dunes in such a manner as to give the appearance of building several stories high. In front of these colonial dwellings were many little holes scattered about on the

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Lee Ronald 1937 near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Idaho. Itinerary June 6 level. Apparently these shallow holes were used as store chambers. In one I found leaves of greasewood tucked neatly away. On the way back to the truck I found a skull of Lynx rufus. Upon going to the traps this morning I found: 1 Dipodomys ordii (?) 8 11 " microps (?) 5 M, 6 F 4 Peromyscus maniculatus 2 M, 2 F In the gopher traps set at the alfalfa field we caught 6 gophers - 5F and 1 imm. M. The man at the farm told us that he had mules in his marshland. He described their surface runs and diggings perfectly so we went down to see if it was possible. After searching the field we decided that what he had seen must have been Microtus. We caught six garter snakes (Thamnophis ordinoides) along the irrigation ditch and saw several more. Upon returning to camp I went around to my carnivore traps. I had nothing. In one of the gopher traps (approx 1/2 miles west of camp) I had an adult F gopher. It was apparently bottle. I am saving the skeleton rather than the

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Lee Arnold 1937 near Smith Creek Cave, 5000 ft, Th Marsh, White Pine Co., Nevada Itinerary June skin. On the way back to camp I shot a Cnemidophorus about 100 yds NE of camp. June 7 Last night I set out a line of 42 traps West of Camp. 30 of these were on the piedmont deposits on the south slope while the remaining 12 were on the flat bottom land north of the creek. In the traps on the hillside I caught: 1 Peromyscus crinitus ♂ 1 Adult " maniculatus ♀ 1 Imm. " " ♀ 1 Adult ♂ Neotoma ♂ 1 Imm. ♂ " ♂ In the traps on the level bottom land I caught: 1 Adult Dipodomys microps(?) ♂ 1 Imm. Peromyscus crinitus ♀ 3 Adult " maniculatus (all ♂) More about the habitats of these will be found under species accounts. On returning from my steel traps, I shot an adult ♂ Ammospermophilus. It was on a rock about 75 ft. from the place where I collected the ♀ (breeding) two days ago. I am preserving the genital tract of this individual. About 100 yds. from camp I shot a

June 1 last night I set out a line of 42 traps east of Camp 3 that there were on the north slope about an hour's walk west of the creek. It was no good, however, and I killed off all on the hillside I could. "I thought I had it" ♀ "I thought I had it" ♀ "I thought I had it" ♂ In the traps on the low bottom land: ♀ (Musca) ♀ Huba (Muscina) There were the residents of these places but no flies. On returning from my steel trap trip, I found more species accounts. It was on a much larger scale than usual, and I collected the ♀ (Musca) which had been preserved for me at two days ago.

Lee Arnold 1937 near Smith Creek Cave, 5800ft; Thl Morieh White Pine Co., Nevada Itinerary June 7 Cnemidophorus. June 8 Last night Johnson, Fitch and myself drove east of camp to set out traps. I set out my line of 42 museum traps and 25 catchalives 3 miles east of camp on approximately the Nevada-Utah border. All of the traps were set among low brush ranging up to 1 foot in height. The soil was hard with patches of dust. There was a thin layer of small rocks over the ground which formed a rough surface. While setting traps I noted numerous badger holes. These were for the most part along the edges of washes where they could dig without going vertically. I noted a pair of Ravens and two Western Nighthawks while setting traps. This morning I did not have any mice in my catchalive traps. In the others there were: 4 Dipodomys (3♀+1♂) 1 Peromyscus maniculatus ♂ 1 Onychomys leucogaster Imm. ♂. This region did not have as much sign of animals as those trapped in on previous nights. While hunting in the creek bottom near my trap line I shot 3 Cnemodophorus. One

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Dear Smith Creek Cave, 5,800 ft., Mt. Morris, White Pine Co., Nevada Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary June 8 of these had a regenerated tail which had grown downward into a keel-like structure about one inch long. This is how it appeared [illegible] I flushed a nighthawk from the creek bottom. I also collected a Uta and a Phrynosoma. This afternoon while skinning I heard a flock of Cyanocphalus on the side hill. I was able to collect two; one imm[illegible], and one ad.f. The former I preserved as a skeleton while the latter I preserved as a skin. These birds were in a flock of about twenty mixed adults or young. About 5 o'clock this afternoon when going to my carnivore traps I saw a new type of animal to my knowledge. I was just rounding the edge of a hill about 1/4 mile west of camp when I saw it. Having stopped for a brief moment to see what might be startled by my sudden appearance around the hill I noted an animal running along the opposite side of the canyon. It was built very much like a grey squirrel. Its tail was rather bushy and was about the same length as its body.

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Lee Arnold 1937 near Smith Creek Cave, 5,000 ft., Mt. Thoriz, White Pine Co., Nevada Itinerary June 8 Its color was a more or less even pale brownish tan. I could see no definite markings of other colors although I had a very good opportunity to view the animal for a moment as it paused on a low boulder to view me. Its running method of holding its body was similar to a grey squirrel but it seemed to arch higher into the air as it ran. I was at sea as to what it was so took a long chance of collecting it before it disappeared. Evidently the shot was too fine (#10's) to bring the animal down for in spite of shooting both barrels at once the animal escaped. It ran up a ravine full of medium sized boulders—running around and climbing over them as it went. At one time it disappeared under a very large rock. I thought it had run down a hole but in a moment it appeared on the other side and continued on up the hill. All this happened in much less time than it takes to write it, however. June 9 This morning at about 8:45 o'clock I had a better look at the animal I saw yesterday. It was about 50 ft.

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near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800 ft, TTH Monarch White Pine Co., Nevada Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary from the spot the one was seen on yesterday. I shot at it again but apparently it was still too far away to suffer greatly from the shot. When I returned to camp I identified it as a Rock Squirrel (Otospermophilus ) Last night Johnson and Fitch set traps several miles down the valley and made camp near their traphine. I set out 42 traps on the side hill southeast of camp. This area where I collected consisted of sparsely covered coarse dirt and gravel. Most of the traps were set where the hill formed about a 45 angle from the horizon. This morning when I went around to the traps I had: 3 Dipodomys microps 2 F -1 M 3 Peromyscus maniculatus 1 Ad. ?; 1 Ad. F; 1 Imm. 2 " crinitus 1 Ad. F; 1 Imm. M 3 Neotoma lepida 1 Ad. F 2 Imm. M June 10 Last night the three of us drove out on the desert east of camp to a spot about 2 miles east of Smith Creek Cave. I set my traps across the flat of the creek and out over the flat sandy sparsely brushed desert for a few hundred yards. On the way home I saw one Jack Rabbit and several Cottontails,

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Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary June 10, but was unable to get a shot at any of them. At a point about 1 1/2 mi. E Smith Creek Cave we stopped to shoot bats. I shot two Myotis, the species of which we are not as yet sure of. In my traps this morning I caught; Dipodomys microps 9 ♀ - 1 ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 3 ♂ - 1 ♀ Neotoma lepida — 2 ♂ Perognathus longimembris 1 ♂. In comparing my Dipodomys with those caught by Fitch and Johnson I have found that there are more ♀ animals caught than males. This could be due to several causes but as yet we do not know the actual cause. In as much as June we are going to move camp today I am going to take this opportunity to sum up my opinions of this area. The birds seen near here (3 mi. radius) are: Say Phoebe (nest under ledge in camp) Canyon Wren Prairie Falcon White-throated Swift Pian Jay (1 ad. ♀ & 1 imm. ♂ shot) Warbling Vario Reven

Lee Arnold 1937 near Smith Creek Caves, S. 3000 ft. W. of Morrion, White Pine Co., Nevada Itinerary Western Nighthawk Sage Thrasher (heard) Great Horned Owl (shot by Johnson) Western Wood Pewee Mammals seen or caughto (3mi. radius) Peromyscus maniculatus " crinatus Perognathus famosas " longimembris Meotoma lepida Antilocapra americana Onychomys leucogaster Ammospermophilus, loucurus Otospermophilus grammurus Myotis (sp?) Eutamias (sp?) Thomomys bottae Dipodomys microps Dipodomys ordii Reptiles seen or Caught: Chrotophytes Cnemodophorus Scalophorus Phrynosoma

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Lee Arnold 1937 near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800 ft., Mt. Morich, White Pine Co., Nevada Itinerary Uta stansburiana Coluber taeniatus Pituophis catenifer This region seems to be characterized by the simplicity of number of species of mammals. Peromyscus maniculatus, Dipodomys and Neotoma comprise the main mass of mammals. These few species are found in great abundance. They seem to overlap on each others ecologic niche. For instance Neotoma are caught in the low country where Dipodomys ere to be expected while Dipodomys are also caught on the rocky side hills where Neotoma are found. The Neotoma seem to run around under the low bushes on the flat yards away from any nests or sheltering rocks. The abundance of partly grown Neotoma is significant.

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near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada Lee Arnold 1937 Smith Creek Cave El.-6,400ft. Smith Creek Trepine June 4 100 traps Trepline June 9 42 Treps Steep Hill and Cliffs Camp El.-5,800ft. Phoebe Nest. Trepine June 7 92 Treps

2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft., Mt. Morley White Pine Co. Lee Arnold Nevada 1937 Itinerary Junely Yesterday we moved camp to 2 miles west of the original camp opposite the cave. We are now camping a few feet from Smith Creek in a grove of Willows. This grove covers the entire flat area of the canyon which I would say is 100yds wide and about 20 acres in extent. About 500 yards west of camp the creek branches. Deadman Creek comes in from the south while Smith Creek continues in a NW direction. The volume of water coming down Deadman Creek is about threefold that of Smith Creek at point of junction. Our camp is on the south side of the canyon. A slope covered with small and medium sized broken rocks rises directly to the south while the north slope of the canyon is almost straight up and down and is characterized by large masses of metamorphic rock. In many places the strata can be easily seen where the rock outcrops. It is interesting to me that the south and north walls of this canyon should differ so greatly at this point. Wild Rose seems to be the dominating shrub beneath the willow trees of the grove. The only bird life at present in the grove seems to be Western Warbling Vireos. Several of these small birds are foraging among the trees.

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2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft. Mt Thorman, White Pine Co., Nevada Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary June 11, Last night we shot several bats. Most of them were small dark brown Myotis (sp?). Fitch collected one Myotis evotis. I set 45 traps along the ledges of the cliffs on the north side of the canyon. I caught: 5 Peromyscus crinitus 2♂;3♀ 4 Neotoma lepida 2♂;2♀ It was interesting to me to find that Johnson and Fitch who were trapping on the south side of the canyon caught many Peromyscus maniculatus but no Peromyscus crinitus while I caught no Peromyscus maniculatus and several Peromyscus crinitus. June 12, Last night we again shot at bats this time we were not so successful as previously. We got one ♀ Myotis. Inasmuch as we are breaking camp today I left my traps in the same place they were set yesterday. I caught: 6 Neotoma lepida 1Ad.♂;3 Imm♂;2Imm.♀ 4 Peromyscus crinitus 2Imm.♂;2imm♀ 1 Perognathus ♀ It was interesting to note that I caught only immature crinitus in the same trepline that I caught only adults in yesterday. Another point of interest is that I caught two imm. crinitus in the same rat trap. The Perognathus is probably the same one

2mi. W Smith Creek Corr, 6300ft., Mt Thorish, White Pine Co., Nevada Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary June 12 that I caught the tail of the night before. I am saving the Peregrinus and Ueotama until I return to camp to make them up. Today Fitch and Johnson are going to pack into the mountains. We are driving the truck to the head of Henry Canyon (as far as possible) end then loading the supplies on a horse. I am then to bring the truck back to camp and continue to trap this area. June 13 Yesterday when we were driving to the head of Henry Canyon for Fitch and Johnson to pack back into the hills we met with misfortune in that the right rear axle of the Dodge broke. Apparently thorough roads and ruts had put the finishing touches on crystalizing the dd axle and this climb was the death blow to it. We were indeed fortunate in that our guide was a graduate from the Chicago School of Automobile Mechanics. He diagnosed our trouble end told us that he could fix it next Wednesday. In the meantime he caught and cooked 8 trout for our lunch. After getting Johnson and Fitch packed Mr. Parker and myself started walking back to the ranch about 8 miles away. En route I saw a Hairy Woodpecker.

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2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, Mt. Thovish, White Pine Co., Nevada Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary June 13 spent the night at the Parker Ranch inasmuch as it was too late for me to continue home. The following morning Mr. Parker and I went out to his field of newly planted grain around which he had scattered poisoned barley (strychnine) yesterday. I was interested in the results of the poisoning. The facts I gathered are not complete because of the possibility of the mice getting down their holes to die and the fact that coyotes and ravens had been preying on the dead animals. We found 18 Dipodomys killed by poison. (14 ♀ + 9 ♂). These were all of the ordii group — that is those which we have classed as ordii on this trip. They were all found in open, soft silty soil where most of the brush was missing because of previous cultivation. The only other animals that seemed to be affected by poison were Mourning Doves. I picked up two of these birds which had apparently just died and observed the scattered remains of two others that had probably died the day before and been eaten during the night. We shot four Jack Rabbits (1 Ad. ♂; 1 Ad ♀; 2 Imm. ♂). I observed two Western Nighthawks at 10:45 A.M.

2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft., T14 N, White Pine Co., Nevada. Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary June 13, These birds were chasing one another -- periodically letting out their characteristic call. While waiting for Mr. Parker to take me to the mouth of Smith Creek Canyon I shot 4 Ammospermophilus. These were: 1 Hd. & j 1 Hd. & ; 2 Imm & : They were making trips from the edge of the horse corral to the grain house where they would fill their cheek pockets for a return trip. In the grain house along with the grain used for stock was an opened sack of poisoned barley. According to Mr. Parker they would not touch the poisoned grain. Could it be that the internal cheek pockets of Ammo's are more sensitive to the poison -- thus causing the squirrel to reject it before the poison has a chance to be deadly while there is no such "warning" in the case of the fur-lined cheek-pockets of the Pipis. On returning home (Smith Creek) I made up the Dipodomys, Ammospermophilus, Neotoma and made skeletons of a Myotis and an Ammospermophilus June 14 Yesterday I went around to the trapline on the north side of the canyon. The only new catch was a Eutamia dorsalis. This is a breeding &. It had apparently been "gummed" by a snake for its

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2mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300ft., TTH. Rough, White Pine Co.-Nevad 2 Lu Arnold 1937 Itinerary entire front end was covered with a slimy slime-like substance. There was a hole torn into its side just anterior to where the trap wire clutched it. The other mammals caught were: 4 Peromyscus crinitus 2 Neotoma lepida Last night I shot & adult ♀ Myotis. I left the traps in the same locality because I did not have time to set them elsewhere. This morning I had: 2 Peromyscus crinitus 1 Ad.♀; 1 Imm.♂ 1 Peromyscus maniculatus Ad. ♀ 2 Neotoma lepida 1 Ad ♂; 1 Imm.♂ It is interesting to note that the Peromyscus maniculatus is the first one caught on the north side of the canyon. June 15, Yesterday it rained for several hours. After making a cover for the supplies and myself out of the tarp I skinned the days catch. In the middle of the afternoon the rain stopped as quickly as it had begun. I took my traps and went up Smith Creek to see if I could find any habitats which had not as yet been trapped. After going a mile I left the traps and continued on. The canyon narrowed down in places to [illegible] where it was only wide enough

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2mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6300 ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co, Nevada Lee Amold 1937 Itinerary June 15 for the creek and again widened to brushy meadows. As I entered one of these meadows I heard a Ther-mot give its warning call but I did not see the animal. There were numerous tracks of deer and coyotes and on one occasion I saw the clear track of a mountain lion. I followed the creek until it again branched. This was about 1½ miles west of the Deedmen canyon branch. At this spot a creek came in from both north and south while the actual Smith Creek continued west. I followed the creek from the north for about ¼ mile. It was dry and from the tracks in the sand often used by both deer and coyotes. I climbed to the top of a hill to the east of the canyon. From here I could see Mt. Moriah and the adjoining mountains. On the way back to camp I set out my 40 traps on the flat floor of the valley. They sampled all of the evaluable habitats—Rose thickets—willow groves—segebrush flats—Sandy openings and the like! This morning I had: 2 Neotoma lepida (1 Ad ♀; 1 Imm ♀) 9 Peromyscus maniculatus 5♂; 4♀

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2mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., ITA Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary June 15 Last night I shot five bats: 1 Myotis evotis and 4 Myotis (sp? - dark brown, medium sized) June 16, Yesterday afternoon I set 10 gopher traps between our present camp and Smith Creek Cave. I also set seven rat traps in the rocks near where I saw the Rock Squirrel on June 7. This morning I set five steel traps near the same spot in hopes of catching a squirrel. This morning I had 3 Peromyscus crinitus and one Neotoma lepida in the rat traps. It is interesting to note that at that spot the crinitus were apparently abundant on the south side of the canyon while at our present camp they are for the most part on the north side of the canyon. It seems that these mice prefer large boulders rather than scattered small rocks. I caught two adult male Thomomys bottae in my gopher traps. On the way home from the traps I shot a ♀ Eutamias dorsalis. It was on a large boulder on the north side of the canyon. Last night I shot 5 Myotis. I also shot at a bird (probably a Parulid) which was flying overhead but I did not get it. June 17 Yesterday afternoon I set out 33 mouse traps on the face of the hill NE of camp. At no place where traps were set was the

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Lee Arnold 1937 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 Ft., Mt. Marion, White Pine Co., Nevada Itinerary June 13 hill at less than a 45° angle from the horizontal. It was very sparsely covered with vegetation. The main part of this included Artemisia with occasional jumpers and "grass bunches." I also set five steel traps (#1/2) in the rocks near where I saw the Otospermophilus. This morning I had only two Peromyscus crinitus in the line of 33 mouse traps. In the rat traps was one Neotoma lepida while in the steel traps was one Neotoma and one Spilogale phenax. The latter was a young animal. Last night I shot 4 bats; two Myotis (sp.?) and two Myotis evotis. June 18 Last night I left the mouse traps on the side hill N/E of camp in place. In them I caught: Perognathus formosos - ♀ 5 Peromyscus crinitus 3 adult ♂ 2 imm. ♀ 3 Peromyscus maniculatus 1 adult ♂; 1 ad. ♀; 1 imm. ♀ 3 Neotoma lepida 1 imm ♂; 2 imm ♀. In the rat traps set about ½ mi. W Smith Creek Cave I caught: 3 Neotoma lepida 1 imm ♂; 2 imm ♀ Although three of the steel traps were sprung and two of these had porcupine hair in them there was nothing in them this morning. Tonight I am going

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2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6300ft, Mt Thorich, White Pine Co, Nevada Lee Arnold 1937 June 18, to set all available steel traps in this vicinity and make an effort to catch the porcupine or anything else living in the gulch. It was inter- esting to me to find that I was far more successful the second night of trapping on the sidehill NE of camp than on the first. Last night was much colder than the night before and there was not the wind there was the previous night. I set out 25 catch-alive traps on the flat east of camp yesterday. In them I caught 4 Peromyscus maniculatus. Yesterday evening while re-baiting my mouse traps I turned over a stone and found a Shink under it. Before I could catch it it hurried over to and under a bigger rock. Upon moving this rock I found that a small brown snake (probably a Faded Snake or Spotted Night Snake) was hiding under it also. I captured the both of them. Top & Mt. Thorich, White Pine Co, Nevada June 19 Yesterday about 2:30 P.M. Johnson, Fitch and Harvey returned to the Smith Creek camp. The plan was for me to go to the Hendry Creek Camp with Johnson while the rest remained at Smith Creek. Johnson and I rode to the mouth of Hendry Creek Canyon with Mr. Barker and hiked the remaining 7 miles or so to the higher mountain camps.

2 min. to Smith Creek [illegible], Moff, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada Top of Mt. Moriah Lee Arnold 1937 June 18 We arrived in camp about 2 P.M.—and went to bed! This morning I started for a stroll to view the surrounding country but as I kept traveling higher and higher I decided that this is as good a time as any to go to the top of the peak. The entire top of Mt. Moriah is barren save for very few plants, none of which are not over a few inches high: As far as mammal life is concerned gophers seem to be the commonest at this high altitude. Wherever the ground levels out enough for small plants to get a foothold the gopher diggings and snow plugs are to be found. I am taking back samples of the plants which they are feeding on to be identified. Among the rocks outcropping near the top of the peak I found several signs (in the form of feces) of rats and mice. The larger being about the size of Rattus while the smaller about the size of Peromyscus. Insects seem to be the dominating fauna of the mountain top. Flies, gnats, beetles, bees, Thysanura, and related forms were observed. The birds consist of Rock Wren—(foraging on the rocks of the high tableland)—and [illegible] White- throated Swifts.

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2 mi. E Smith Creek Gove, 6,300 ft. TTH. Monish, White Pine Co., Nevad Henroy Creek, 9,100 ft, 1 1/2 mi. E Lee Arnold 1937 June 20 Henory Creeks, 9,100 ft, 1 1/2 mi. E TTH. Monish, White Pine Co., Nevada Last night I set out 50 mouse traps on the creek northof camp. All of these were directly beside or within 50 ft. of the creek. This morning I had: 1. Sorex ♦ 1 Microtus mordox ♦ 3 Peromyscus m. lad ♦ 21mm. The Sorex had apparently run over the trap rather than having been in guest of bait. This morning I also went up to the outcropping above camp where I had set 10 rat traps and three steel traps. I had nothing although much of the bait was gone and many mouse droppings were found on the traps. From all appearances the rats once were common on this ledge but at present none are living here. All of the droppings of rats were old enough to have been deposited a year or more ago. At one spot I set for porcupine in the entrance of a small cave which showed much old porcupine sign but had no success. Yesterday while coming down the mountain I shot a ♦

I set for garcubine in the entrance of a small cave which showed much old garcubine and had no success. Yesterday while going forward I shot - [illegible] 607 or more so if one spot I could to have been used to deposit's of the garbage of rats were old at present none are living here. Hill were common on this ledge but from all appearances the rats once abandoned racks found on the traps so far and some mouse was of the part was some more traps. I had nothing much thought of it. I shot I had set 10 rat traps and three steel up to the outcropping above cave where this morning I also saw chest of bait. the trap rather quiet but got gained next rather than been in who nor ultimately bed exercise all 3 Transverses by Lab & Similar. I Theoretic model. 1. 2020.

Hendry Creek 900ft. 12 mi E TH. Thorn, White Pine Cos. Meredo Lee Arnold 1937 June 20, Callospermophilus. It was in a habitat of pine (Limber) Fir and Aspen. June 21, Last night I had fifty traps set along the creek north of camp in the same spots as on the previous day. I caught: 1 Sorex ♂ 1 Micritus mordax imm. ♀ 5 Peromyscus maniculatus Led ♂; 2 mm ♀; 2 mm ♀ Both yesterday and today the Sorex seemed to have simply run over the trap rather than by attempting to eat the bacon or oats. After skinning the specimens I went down the canyon about two miles to the point where we had cached some food on the journey to camp. Just as I was entering a small semi-clear space among scattered aspens beside the creek I was startled by a Marmot jumping up about 10 feet in front of me. As I was planning to carry a load of canned goods back to camp I had left my gun at camp—consequently I was helpless to try to collect the woodchuck. It ran toward the creek for about 50 feet and then disappeared in the thick brush along the margin of the creek. I followed

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Hendry Creek, 9,100 ft., 1/2 mi. E of Thorne's, White Pine Co., Nevada Lee Arnold 1937 June 21, it is for as I could before losing it. I looked around the surrounding territory thoroughly for signs of holes or feces piled on rocks. The most likely place for a burrow was on the side of a overgrown talus slope west of the spot where I saw the marmot. Close search did not reveal anything however. On the opposite side of the creek was a high bank of rock where woodrat sign was abundant. To one side of the face of the escarpment and burrowed under it was a hole large enough for a marmot although there was no feces to be seen. Today I went down to the spot for the sole purpose of seeing if I could shoot or trap it. I waited around for several hours but did not see or hear it. I set three steel traps in and around the hole under on the side of the cliff. June 22, Last night I set 50 mouse traps down the creek. I caught: 1. Sorex palustris 5 Peromyscus maniculatus Today we are moving camp so I will try to summarize what I have noted in this area.

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Hendry Creek, 9,100ft, 1/2 mi E Mt Morak White Pine Co., Nevada Lee Arnold 1937 June 23 For the most part this region is composed of several more or less distinct habitats. First there is the open meadow land on the open flats beside the creeks. Because of the steepness of the canyons and the narrowness of the canyon bottoms, however, these are not extensive and do not seem to have very many typical mammals. Where these meadows are sprinkled with Artemisia tridentata and fallen logs Leguras have been found in fair numbers. These seem to build their nests under the fallen logs and forage among the syc. A second typical habitat is to be found along the streams which are found at this time of the year in almost every canyon. These streams are bordered with aspens and low herbaceous plants. The mammal life along here seems to be characterized by the presence of Microtus mordax and Sorex palustris. The Microtus at places having more or less indistinct runs along the overhanging banks and logs while the Sorex seem to range along the open shoreline in quest of what food may

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Hendry Creek, 9,100ft., 1/2 mi. E of Marian, White Pine Co., Colorado Lee Arnold 1937 June 25, be picked up from the water. A third distinct habitat is the aspen groves of the flats and lower hillsides. These seem to have little mammal life save for Peromyscus which seem to know no particular habitat in this region. These groves are frequent by browsing and resting Odocoileus hemionus and on one occasion I saw a Grouse with five small chicks foraging beneath the aspens. It is true that aspens, although not thick are scattered among the meadows and sagebrush flats of the lowlands. The fourth typical habitat consists of the mixed pine and fir forests of the side hills and upper canyons where they have not been logged. Although I have not trapped this area I have collected Callospermophilus and Eutamias quadrivittatus in it. Higher up on the hillsides this habitat gives way to one composed primarily of limber pine and fir. The only mammal I have seen in this region is Callospermophilus. I have this region-- that is on the top of Mt. Marion is only too sparse ground clinging

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Hendry Creek, 9,100 ft., 1/2 Th:ETM Morich, White Pine Co., Nevada Lee Arnold 1937 June 23. Plants which are accompanied by the presence of gophers which forage under the snow in winter and underground in the summer. I also saw squirrels of Meotoma (?) and Peromyscus among the rats at cropping in this habitat. Another habitat which seems to deserve a place of its own is the high sagebrush covered slopes among the pines. These are covered with fairly dense growths of sage and are probably frequented by leguures, although I have no proof. At this point I should like to mention that although each of these habitats are distinct in places they have a tendency to overlap in places and become indistinguishable. For example in many places along the lower creek can be found limber pine. This has without a doubt been washed down by the stream to a place where it has taken root for below its usual zone. Another point which I would like to bring out is that in spite because of logging and fire the zones of high timber have been broken up and in many places offered an opportunity for

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Hendry Creek, NDOft, 1/2 mi E TH Thorian White Pine Co, Nevada Leo Arnold 1937 June 23, Aspen and other plants to get a start. I might also add at this point that the presence of rocky outcroppings and talus slopes offer another habitat. In this I have only found signs of Porcupine, Hedoma and Peramurus. The birds seen in this area have been: Tunços — several nests seen P's Flickers — nest hole sighted Western Tanager Black-chinned Hummingbird White-throated Swift Violet-green Swallow Tree swallow Hairy Woodpecker Downy Woodpecker “Olive-backed Thrush (sp?) Western Robin Spotted Towhee Lawrence Goldfinch

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Henery Creek, 9, 106 ft, Pmi, Eith, Thrich, White Pine Co., Mewoda. Lee Amold 1937 No reptiles or amphibians have been seen by me although Fitch collected a Quarter Snake. Mammals: Sorex palustris Bat (sp?) Marmota flaviventris Callospermophilus chrysodeirus Eutamias quadrivittatus Thomomys bottae. Peromyscus maniculatus Meotoma lepida Lagurus curtatus Erithizon (sign seen) Sylvilagus nuttallii Odocoileus hemionus Microtus mordaax

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Lee Arnold 1937 Itinerary Hendry Creek, 4,100 ft., 4 1/2 mi. SE TTTJ Thorough, White Pine Co., Nevada June 23 Yesterday afternoon we left our camp farther up Hendry Creek and packed about seven miles downstream to our present campsite on the spot where the boundary of the Nevada National Forest crosses Hendry Creek. We are camped beneath a large Yellow Pine Tree. This tree is the lowest in elevation of its kind in this vicinity. The flat of the canyon is about 150 yds. wide at this point and the lowland is covered with sage and other low bushes while near the creek is found dense thickets of Willow and Western Birch trees. Last night I set out 70 mouse traps along the side of the hill South of camp. For the most part they were set in low brush with broken, flatly rocks forming the surface. While setting the traps I stopped upon a mound which had been undermined by kangaroo rats. As I caved in the roof a large Dipodomys microps ran from a nearby entrance. In spite of my attempt to catch the animal it reached a nearby hole. In my traps I caught: 5 Neotoma lepida 4 imm♀ 1 imm♂

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Arnold, Lee 1937 Species Accounts Mammals (arranged after Miller Check-list, 1923)

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Lee Arnold 1937 Sorex palustris Hendry Creek, 9,100 ft, 1½ mi. E Mt. Morris, White Pine Co., Nevada June 20, Adult breeding ♂ caught within 3 inches of the water on the gravel edge of the Creek. Apparently the shrew jumped on the trap rather than attempting to eat the bacon or rolled oats. June 21, Adult breeding ♂ caught along creek about 50 feet north of that on June 20. June 22, Adult ♀ caught about a foot from the Creek where she apparently jumped from a low log onto the trap.

Lee Amadell 1937 Myotis (sp.) Warm Spring, 4,000 ft., 9 mi. E Amedee, Lassen Co, Calif. May 27, Single adult ? shot over alfalfa field - others seen - probably Myotis. Mouth of Smith Creek Canyon, 5,400 ft., T Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. June 10, Two, one adult ? and one adult & shot over open space next to creek at mouth of canyon. Most of the bats seen were flying down the canyon end out on to the desert. I imagine that they roost in the large caves in the side walls of the canyon and forage over the vast open desert. For several nights we have observed them flying eastward past our camp in the canyon. 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft., T Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 11, I shot one ? flying about the tops of the willows around our camp. June 12, Shot single ? over camp. Weather colder than night before. There did not seem to be as many bats flying about. June 13, Two adult ? shot. June 14, Four Myotis (sp.?) and one Myotis evotis shot flying over and among the willow trees about camp. All of these were ? bats. The Myotis evotis and the of the Myotis (sp.?) had well developed single embryos!

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Lee Arnold 1937 Myotis (sp.?) 2 mi W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. June 15, Five adult & shot. Three of these had well developed single embryos. Could it be that the males do not come out until later or that they are in a different locality. Probably the presence of water and an abundant growth of willows is attractive to the insects that the bats feed upon- thus the presence of vast numbers of bats. It certainly seems an ideal spot for flies, gnats and mosquitos.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Myotis evotis 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft. Mt. Monizh White Pine Co., Nevada. June 14, A single adult ♀ with one embryo shot among the willows about camp. This bat seemed to be flying lower in the trees and with a more swooping darting flight than the Myotis. I am going to try and shoot some of the other bats that fly in that manner tonight and see if there is anything to my hypothesis.

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Lie Arnold 1937 Spilogale phoenix June 13, 1/2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,000 ft. Tl T. Morrish, White Pine Co., Nevada In a #1 steel jump trap set for squirrels under an overhanging rock, I caught this immature male. Although the trap was baited with rolled oats I do not know whether or not he was in quest of the bait when he was caught. The exact spot where it was caught was on the west side of a rocky gully (small canyon) which was on the south side of Smith Creek Canyon. The principle vegetation consisted of Piñon and Juniper. It is interesting to note that a trap set about 20 feet below this one caught a porcupine the same night but because of it not having a strong enough grip on the animal it got away. The reason for my conclusion was the fact that the trap had long porcupine guard hairs and short quills in it. I am setting in the same habitat again tonight in hopes of catching another Spilogale or a Porcupine.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Lynx rufus 4 mi. S of Sandy, 5,000 ft., Millard Co., Utah June 6, Skull of Lynx r. found in sand dunes. The animal had apparently been dead for some time inasmuch as the remains of the animal were bleached and scattered far and wide.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Cotellus mollis ½ Mi. S Calneva, Lassen Co., Calif. May 24, Single imm ♀ collected by me. This was merely a representative of many others in this locality. When we would get out of the car they would whistle at us more or less like a bird. May 27, Warm Spring, 4000 ft., 9 mi. E Hmedee, Lassen Co., Calif. Single ♀ caught in early morning in mouse trap. There are thousands of this species - young and old in this area. This is undoubtedly the reason for the vast numbers of hawks. The other day I noted one in a bush. It appeared to be eating berries (seeds) or leaves — I could not distinguish which.

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Lee Amald 1937 Ammospermophilus leucurus Mouth of Fox Canyon, 4,200ft, 7 1/2 mi. S Pahrum Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada. June 1 Adult ♀ shot at edge of wash. north of Pyramid Lake. It was sitting in the top branches of a bush watching me as I approached. When I shot it fell to the ground. I saw what I thought to be it run down a hole at the base of the bush. Upon running to the bush I saw still another form run down the hole. These were evidently young of the one I shot for the adult ♀ with enlarged mammary glands lay dead on the ground. June 5, Adult ♀ shot 1 mile W Smith Creek Cave, 6,000ft., Mt. Thorizh, White Pine Co., Nev. It was sitting upon a large boulder at the crest of a hill — watching my actions. The ground was coarse and rocky while the shrubbery was sparse - mostly artemisia tridentata and "bunchgrass" with scattered cactus. June 7 An adult ♂ shot within 50 feet of spot where ♀ was shot on June 5, 1937. These two seem to be the only ones living this far from the mouth of the canyon. Henry Creek, mi. S Sandy, 5,000ft; Millard Co., Utah June 13, Three Four were shot (1 Adult ♂; 1 Fd. ♀ and 2

"[illegible]" and "[illegible]" the shrubbery was sparse--mostly the ground was coarse and rocky while crest of a hill -- attracting my actions. It was sufficient for a large number of the tree's were shot on June 2, 1937. These two seem to be the only trees living this far from two months of the with scattered cactus. June 7 An adult & shot within 20 feet of spot where I was shot on June 2, 1937. These two seem to be the only trees living this far from two months of the when I thought to kick run down a hole in the breeches of a bush watching me as I approached Presidio Lake. It was sitting in the top of the lake's edge to watch north of Peterman's & [illegible] 1956. [illegible] & [illegible]. [illegible] [illegible]

Lee Arnold 1937 Ammospermophilus leucurus Henry Creek, mi. S Gandy, Millard Co., Utah. June 13 imm.♀ in back of Mr. Parker's house. These were in the act of raiding his grain store. According to Mr. Parker, the ranchman, they were constantly making trips back and forth from their holes under the corral fence to the grain house. Those shot had their cheek pockets distended with oats. Although there was a large sack of poisoned barley in the storehouse the Ammos. would not seem to touch it. Because of this the rancher was quite baffled as to how to control the squirrels. I tried to help him by telling him various means of control. The squirrels were quite tame. They would allow me to approach within several feet of them. At one time I sat and watched them from a vantage point near the main route from corral to feed house. They would approach cautiously — watching me all of the time until about halfway between the two places. Then they would run rapidly the remaining distance as if they knew that it would be foolish to attempt to retrace their steps after venturing as far as they had.

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Lue Ronald 1937 Eutamias quadricittatus Hendry Creek, 8,000 ft., 2 1/2 mi. E Mt. Morich, White Pine Co., Nevada. June 21, 1937 Male chipmunk was shot on an overgrown talus slope about two miles south of camp. The animal was not frightened by my approach and sat for several moments watching my movements. There seem to be several others in this immediate vicinity. The habitat consisted of deer brush, yellow pine and rocks for the most part.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Eutamias dorsalis June 13, 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada I caught an adult nursing ♀ in a mousetrap set among the large boulders on the side of the canyon north of camp. Except for scattered sagebrush and Juniper trees the nearest thick brush was rose. This thicket was about 50 feet from the trap. The mammal had apparently been caught early in the day and some snake had attempted to swallow it after it was caught. The entire anterior portion of the chipmunk was covered with saliva and a deep hole was cut into its side just in front of where the wire of the trap held it. June 16, 1 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,000 ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. This morning at 10 o'clock I shot an adult ♀. This animal was watching me as I walked along a path but the moment I raised my gun it ran up the hill and behind a rock. In a moment it appeared above the rock. The country at this point was flatter and closer to the creek bottom than that where the Eutamias was caught on June 13.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Eotomias minimus Warm Spring, Lassen Co., Calif. May 27 Four specimens (2 immf + 8 adult males) captured. about 1/2 mile east of the spring just South of the junction of the road going to Flannigan. The ground around where they were caught was hard backed with bushes about 12 ft. apart. Evidently there is a small colony of these animals here. No others have been caught in similar habitats elsewhere nearhere.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Thomomys bottae 1/2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,000 ft, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 6, Adult ♀ caught on flat area at south bank of creek. The ground where caught was harsh with many small (walnut sized) jogged rocks. The trap was set at the base of a prickly pear cactus—These were apparently roots of which what the mammal was eating. Only the skeleton of this specimen was saved. Last night Johnson and I set traps (9 sets) on a farm (alfalfa) 1 mi SW Randy, 5,000 ft, Millard Co., Utah. The traps were set around the edge of a large alfalfa field. According to the farmer he had never trapped or poisoned the gophers around his farm. Consequently the place was over-run by gophers. It seems that gophers inhabit all of the areas in this region where creeks flow out on the desert to form a marsh or semi-marsland. These gophers are in this case the same type that are found farther up the canyons (i.e. Smith). We caught 5 ♀ and one imm ♂. June 16 Two adult ♂ caught 1 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,000 ft, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. These were in the same type of habitat as the ♀ of June 3—(Smith Creek). In both cases cactus seemed to be part of the diet. In one hole I found particles of grass while in

Lee Arnold 1937 Thomomys bottae 1 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,000 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. June 16, the other I found particles of a green shrub (probably saltbush) Hendry Creek 9,100 ft. 1 1/2 mi. E Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 21, A single, adult, breeding male was caught in the meadow several feet from camp. It was apparently feeding on the low green grass growing in the meadow.

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Leo Arnold 1937 Thomomys Quadratus Horse Canyon, 5,800 ft., Tehrum T.R., Washoe Co., Nevada. May 29 I caught 2 ♀ T.q. in a small open space just south of camp. The spot was surrounded with rose bushes and there was short "bunch glass growing here and there on the ground. The soil was fine, moist end dark but was full of small rocks. These ranged from the size of a pea to that of a walnut. This seemed to make digging difficult—consequently the holes were very small. May 30 Caught 2 more near the same spot as that of the 29th—one ♀ and one ♂. These two were larger than the first. One feature of the habitat was the fact that the burrows were located in a place where constant seepage kept the soil very moist at this time of the year. "Snowplugs" from the preceding winter could be seen here and there.

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Arnold 1937 Perognathus formosus Warm Spring, Lassen Co., Calif. May26 Two caught by Fitch in rocky locations N.W. of here. May30 1 mi. NW Pahran Ph., Washoe Co., Nevada: A single ? was caught by me in the hard packed scantily brushed area on the E side of Smoke Creek Desert. It seemed to prefer more rocky, rough ground than the other Perognathus thus far caught. The desert at this point was strewn with black volcanic rock. These ranged from the size of a pea to that of a cantalope.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Peroimathus longimembrio May 27 Warm Spring, Lassen Co., Calif. One specimen caught 1/4 mile east of spring. Captured in some type of country Microdipodops was found in. This is the first recorded on this trip. Habitat - senny, loose loam with salt bush about 10 ft. apart (Oth). May 30 4 mi. NW Pahrum Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada 6 caught - 3 B + 3 F. In sandy soil of east edge of smoke creek desert. The type of habitat was that in which I expected to get Microdipodops. The area was characterized by wind blown sand. The night that the traps were set was very windy but it had little (seemingly) effect on the animal life (1 F - 6 emb. (1 F - 5 emb.) Fox Canyon, 4800 ft., 4 mi S Pahrum Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada May 31 3 caught - 2 B + 1 F with 6 embryos in gravel soil on side of canyon NW of camp. In each of the spots where these were caught, however, fine silty dust was near at hand. This area was not nearly so dusty as those in which the previous mice were captured. June 4 near Smith Creek Cave, 5800 ft., Mt Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. 3 caught - all F's. These were caught in silty-gravel east of camp. The bushes where these were captured consisted of

Lee Arnold 1957 Perognathus longimembris #2. near Smith Creek Cave, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 4, low sage. 2 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevad June 10, One adult & caught on flat desert land just south of the creek. The vegetation was scarcely over 1 foot high while the coarse sandy soil was pavemented by small rocks.

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La Arnold Peroqathus parvus 1937 Warm Springs, Lassen Co., Calif. May 25 Three of these caught 4 1/2 HW of here in same habitat e's Dipodomys merriami. Three characterized by abundant salt bush and hard baked soil. May 27 One caught 1/4 mile east of Warm Spring in baked soil with scattered saltbush. May 29 Horse Canyon, 5,800 ft., Tshrum Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada A single & was caught beneath a low bush up one of the side canyons of Horse Canyon. It was in the bottom of the canyon next to a small stream. The walls of the canyon went up steeply on both sides at about a 50 degree angle.

Lee Arnold 1937 Dipodomys merriami Warm Spring, 9 mi. E. Hmedee, Lassen Co., Calif. May 25 Caught 4 (2♂ 2♀) near farm house 4½ mi NE of Warm Spring. Among salt bush in sandy loam. May 30 Caught 2 single ♂ 1 mi. W Pabrum Pk, Washoe Co, Nevada, in the sandy silt-like soil on the west edge of Smoke Creek Desert. The Dipo was in practically the same type of habitat that ordii was in. It is a problem to me as to how two such similar species of mammals could live in the same locality and practically the same ecologic niche without apparent conflict. Could it possibly be that the food is different though found in the same place.

Lee Arnold 1937 Dipodomys ordii (micrope?) May 26 Warm Spring, Lassen Co., Calif. Four caught 4 1/2 miles NW of here yesterday by me. Fitch & Johnson have both caught several in similar sandy more or less open places. They seem to inhabit crecs where the brush is not as thick as that inhabited by Dipodomys merriami. May 22 Two caught in trepline running out on the floor of the desert east of camp. They were on soft ground - siltlike. They seem to like the soft dry silty soil to rollin. Their tracks and tailmarks are plainly visible in such places. May 30 4 mi. NW Pahrump Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada: Three caught in the scattered brushland on the eastern side of Smoke Creek Desert. The spots where they were caught were for the most part soft silt-like dusty plots May 31 Fox Canyon, 4mi. S Pahrump Pk, Washoe Co., Nevada. Four caught on rolling hills just west of camp. One of those was caught at the mouth of a burrow which was situated on 2 low mound of bare earth. There were eight or ten burrows into this single mound about 13 ft in diameter. Three other traps set on the mound were unshurbed. The other three were caught under the edges of bushes away from holes. These were apparently foraging over the hard baked ground.

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Lee Arnold 1937 - Dipodomys ordii (microps?) #2. June 4, near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800 ft, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada In a trapline of 100 traps set on the flat just east of camp I caught the following Dipodomys. The number of the trap, sex and association is given. In the case of the rat caught in trap #42 I am not sure that it is of the same kind as the rest - It has been prepared as a skin, however so that positive identification can be assured. 1.♀ Sandy gravel under Artemisia tridentata 2.♂ " " " 3.♀ " " " 4.[15] " " " Artemisia tridentata 5.[18] " " " " 6.[29] Beside rock on loamy soil. 7.[37] Loam and rocks - no vegetation - only part of tail left in trap 8.[34] Silty soil under T.t. just on N side of creek. 9.[37] Silty gravel beside dead bush. 10.[42] Loamy gravel with larger stones - T.t. 11.[60] " " " " 12.[65] Sandy loam 13.[75] " " with gravel - dead bush 14.[89] " gravel 15.[97] " " , stones - T.t. The sexes on these is not determined.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Dipodomys ordii (f microps?) 4 mi. S Gandy, 5,000 ft., T Millard Co., Utah June 6, I caught 12 of these Dipodomys in a trapline of 95 traps set on the east side of the road in amongst the silt-like sandunes which had blown up in irregular rows. These "Dipos" were very abundant in local colonies here and there but where the burrows were not near I did not catch many. In some regions of the sand dunes the rats would tunnel back into the wall of the dune in a more or less horizontal position. At many places in the silt I found numerous shallow holes which had evidently been dug to hide food in. In one instance I found some green pieces of greese wood buried partly in one of these burrows. I could distinguish that one of the Dipodomys was much paler than the others and had very fine pointed teeth. From the characteristics mentioned I concluded that this one was ordii while the darker ones with larger "squared off" teeth are microps. June 7, Out of twelve traps set on the bottomland NW Camp near Smith Creek Cave, White Pine Co., I caught one Dipodomys microps. June 8, 3 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, out of 42 mouse traps set on the flat low bushed

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Lee Arnold 1937 Dipodomys 3 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, 5,500 ft. TTH. Morich, White Pine Co., Nevada June 8, area east of camp I caught only 4 Dipodomys - 3? + 1?. The ground was coarse with a pavement of small pea- sized stones. June 9, Out of 42 mouse traps set SE of camp on the side hill and top of the hill I caught 3 Dipodomys microps 2M 1F. The habitat consisted of: side hill; sparse bushes; cactus; scattered boulders with many oddsized jagged rocks; piñon and juniper trees scarce. June 10, 2 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, 5,500 ft. TTH. Morich, White Pine Co., Nevada Out of 42 mouse traps I caught 10 Dipodomys microps. Most of these traps were set on the dry sand of the river bottom which was only flood- ed during high water.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Microdipodops Warm Spring, Lassen Co., Calif. May 26 Several caught by Johnson in sand dunes SW of here and on hillside NE. They do not seem to be around the cultivated part or hard open level places May 27 One caught by myself 1/4 mile east of Warm Spring. It was in an area where there was dry dusty loam with bushes (mostly salt) about every 10 feet. In almost the same location as those caught by Johnson. May 30 None caught in my + Fitch's traplines on the eastern edge of Snake Creek Desert although we were trapping in almost (appeared to me) the same type of soil + vegetation as on the 27th.

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Gmued 1937 Reithrodonmys megalotus Warm Spring, Lessen Co., Calif. May 26 I caught four of these in grassy area around elfalfa field. May 27 Johnson caught two of these in area where I thought before trapped 1st Hendry Creek, 6,100ft. 4½ mi. SE TTT. Monah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 23 I caught one adult ♀ under a clump of Artemisia just where the sidehill starts to raise from the canyon floor. The ground was coarse, hard and rocky.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Peromyscus crinitus near Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 4, Out of 100 traps set on the bottom land of Smith Creek canyon I caught only one P. crinitus. This was an adult ♀. It is interesting to compare this with the seven Peromyscus maniculatus June 7, Out of 30 mouse traps set on the sidehill west of camp I caught 1 adult ♂ Peromyscus crinitus while out of 12 traps set in the flat directly below this spot I caught one Imm. ♀. June 9, Out of 42 traps in the same type of habitat as that of June 7 only SE of camp on the side hill I caught 2 P. crinitus: 1 Adult ♀ and 1 Imm ♂. In this habitat the Peromyscus maniculatus and crinitus seem to be found in about equal abundance. The habitat is characterized by scattered boulders, medium sized jagged rocks, Artemisia, juniper and bunch grass. June 11, 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada Out of 45 traps set in among the boulders and ledges north of camp I caught 5 adults. The habitat was: Steep hillside; large flake-like boulders with frequent outcropping showing the strata and offering ledges

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Lee Arnold 1937 Peromyscus crinitus 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada.. Junell, for the mice to run on; scattered juniper, sege, rose, etc.; many woodrat droppings. It was interesting that Fitch and Johnson cought no Peromyscus crinitus on the south side of the canyon although they both had long traplines set out Junel2, In the same trapline I caught four. This time they were all Immatures- 2 & and 2♀. Two of these were caught in the same net trap. Could it be that the adults being killed off the immatures now have to hunt for themselves or is it that it was just chance that I should catch only adults the first night and only young the next. Junel3, Four caught in same trapline. June 14, Two caught in same trapline—1 Fd.♀ and 1 Imm.♂. June 16, Out of seven rat traps set ½ mi. W Smith Creek Cave I had 3; one adult and two immatures. Habitat: large boulders, south side of canyon, Pinos, Junipers, course soil. June 17, Out of 33 mouse traps set NE of camp on the steep North side of the canyon I had two. 1 adult♀, 1adult ♂.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Peromyscus crinitus 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300ft, T14N T35E, White Pine Co., Nevada June 17, It is interesting to note that these were the only mammals caught in this trapline. Habitat: Steep south facing hill; coarse soil; scattered boulders; juniper; pinon; sage; punch grass.

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1 Peromyscus crinitus Ad.♀ 3 Peromyscus maniculatus 2 imm.♂ 1 imm.♀ 1 Reithrodontomys megalotis Ad.♀ Fuller record of these will be found in the species account. Yesterday afternoon on the way to camp I heard a pair of Spotted Towhees scolding in a nearby thicket. On closer examination I found a Gopher snake with its head in the nest of these birds attempting to eat the remaining two nestlings. I collected the snake out did not remove the stomach contents. I intend to return to the nest today in order to see whether or not it has been deserted. The nest was flat on the ground under a clump of overhanging grass.

of the following The nest on the ground under a shrub was flat or the dunnock nests always. not it has been deserted. The next nest today in order to see whether or whether I wanted to return to the contacts. I wanted to return to the shrub but did not find the other remained two nestlings. I collected cut too at a twig and cut the a dyer snake with its head in the nest ticket on closer examination I found brood? I noticed some only no ticket started to move around in a nearby on the way to camp I heard a pair of the species account. Yesterday afternoon fuller record of these will be found in 1. The dunnock family structure is it? 2. min. 3. Species of dunnock are: 4.6A minimum requirement.

Lee Arnold 1937 Peromyscus maniculatus Warm Spring, Lassen Co., Calif. May 25 One caught 4 1/2 mi. N.W. of here around deserted farm house. May 26 18 caught at edge and near cultivated alfalfa field. May 27 Johnson trapped in the same area that I caught the 18 Peromyscus and did not catch any. Apparently I captured most of those in this region the first night. June 4 Near Smith Creek Cave, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. Nine caught - 4 M - 5 F in open flat east of camp Association: Artemisia tridentata, Light-green sage like bush brighter colored leaves than A.t. Epedera Soil: Sandy, silty, gravel, stones etc. Ages: 2 imm F + 1 imm M - all the rest adults. June 6 4 mi. S Candy, Utah Four caught 2 M + 2 F in wind blown silt. The area in which these were caught was the type of country in which one would expect Microdipodops - Low brush, loose silty sand in dunes. June 7 Near Smith Creek Cave, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada: Two caught out of 30 traps on hillside to west of camp. Consisted of one adult and one Imm. F.

Will side to west of camp. Consisted Two caught out of 30 trips on The Fox Nevada: June 1967 near Creek Cove, Illisha, White Loose brush, loose silty sand in dunes. Which one would expect Triangular pads- couldn't be the type of country in silt. The ones in which these were Four caught 2/8 + 2/5 in wind blown June 1967 Sandy Utoh rest souls? Hogs: 2 min & 4 min 8 -- all the Sail: Smooth silky gravel, stones etc. Edegar colored lessse than that. Edgare Green seed like brush prickler Association: Triticosis tridentist's light. camp of camp test line caught - 1/8 - 2/5 in open list the first night they display well, then the Friedrichsd I captured most of those on this the 18 Thompsons and did not catch any was later than he was. In 1970, a bigquest came that I caught itself field. there is 18 caught in side and near cultivated farm house. plays the carpet, it's a little of their second decorated from Spring. Leave for Cuba.

Lee Arnold 1937 Peromyscus maniculatus June 7, Near Smith Creek Cave, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nev. On the same night I caught 3 ad. ♀ out of twelve traps on the bottom land. This gives a fair idea of the relative abundance of this animal in the two habitats. June 8, 3 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, 5,600 ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. Out of 42 mouse traps and 25 catch-clive traps set on the flat plain to the east of camp I only caught one adult ♀ Peromyscus. This was on comparatively even ground with a "pavement" of small stones. The bushes, consisting of sage and salt bush (?) were scarcely over a foot high. June 9, near Smith Creek Cave, 5,800 ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada. 1 ad. ♂; 1 ad. ♀; and one Imm♂ caught out of 42 traps on hillside sparsely brushed and for the most part at about a 45° angle. It was interesting to note that two Erinatus were caught in apparently the same type of place. June 10, 3 ♂ and one ♀ caught 2 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, White Pine Co., Nevada. Most of these were under bushes on the

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Lemond 1437 Peromyscus maniculatus 2 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, White Pine Co., Nevada June 10, Sandy bed of Smith Creek. 3 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, White Pine Co., Nevada June 15, In traps set along the flat beside the creek west of camp I caught 5♂ and 4♀. In this particular habitat Peromyscus and Neotoma seem to be the ones most common. June 18, 2 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, White Pine Co., Nevada Out of 33 traps set on the side hill NE of camp I caught 3♂ adult ♀, 1 imm.♀; 1 adult ♂. They seem to be found in the same habitat as Crinitus at this point and in about equal numbers while in the less sloping flaky rocks to the west crinitus monopolize the scene.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Meotoma lepida near Smith Creek Cave, 5,600ft., Mt. Horizh, White Pine Co., Nevada. June4 In a trapline set along the flat east of camp I caught 10 Meotoma lepida. Nearly all of those were immature — six were ♂ and four ♀. Many of them were cought where there was no sign of a nest or burrow. As I setout a line of exactly 100 traps directly down the middle of the canyon at an average of 40 ft. apart I think it would be valuable to note the exact trap each of the rats was cought in, the relative age, the sex and general idea of the height where the trap was placed. 1. [19]; ♀; Imm; Under overhanging rock 2. [20]; ♀; Imm; Beside pile of debris next to creek — Sand, gravel and small rocks. 3. [21]; ♂; Imm; Beside rock (5'x4'x2'), next to prickly pear cactus. 4. [42]; ♀; Imm; Open space 10 yds. west of nest. 5. [43]; ♀; Imm; Under Artemesia, ten feet south of rocks with a suggestion of nest. 6. [46]; ♂; Adult; This animal was still alive, It. had drug the trap 10 feet. It was near a particle nest. 7. [57]; ♂; Imm; About 100 yards east of #46. 8. [81]; ♂; Imm; Found eight yards south of

Lee Arnold 1937 Neotoma lepida near Smith Creek Cave, 5,600ft., Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 4, where caught and still alive in trap. This mammal had a large Botfly (?) larva on its shoulder 9. [93],♂; Imm.; Under sage brush-10 yards from creek. 10. [96],♂; Imm.; Sandy loam and rocks with scattered sage. The above list gives some idea of the "wide ranging" of this species. It will be noted that there were nine immature rats caught to one adult. The adult was caught the closest to any sign of a nest of any of them. June 7 Out of 30 mouse traps set on the side hill west of camp I caught two Neotoma: 1 adult ♂ and one imm ♂. The habitat consisted of scattered boulders, numerous small rocks, scattered sage and juniper. It is interesting to note that the same night twelve traps on the flat directly below this spot yielded no Neotoma. June 9 Out of 48 traps set in the same habitat as June 7 only on the hill SE of camp I caught 3 Neotoma lepida: 1 Adult♀ and 2 imm. ♂. The % adults in

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Leo Arnold 1937 Meotoma lepida near Smith Creek Cave, 5,600 ft., 7711t. Morish, White Pine Co., Nevada June 9, the catches on the hill sides among the rocks seems to be much higher than on the lowland flat. June 10, 2 mi. E Smith Creek Cave, 5,900 ft, 771t., Morish, White Pine Co., Nevada Out of 42 traps set for the most part along the creek bed of Smith Creek I caught 2 & 3 Meotoma lepida. These two were on the dry sand of the portion of the creek bed which is flooded only during very high water. It seems to me that this species makes use of the piled "drift wood" washed down during high waters, as a likely spot to build nests. June 11, In the large flake-like boulders North of our camp & mi. W Smith Creek Cave, White Pine Co., Nevada (6,300 ft.) I caught 4 Meotoma lepida in a trapline of 45 mixed mouse & rat traps. These rats and Peromyscus crinitus seem to monopolize this habitat. I left the traps in place today in order that I could see if any Eutamias were around during the day.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Neotoma lepida 2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,300 ft., T17 N, T7Monah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 12. Last night I caught 6 Neotoma lepida in the same trapline as on June 11. They consisted of 1 Adult ♂; 3 Imm ♂; 2 Imm ♀. It was interesting to find that a greater % of Neotoma than Peromyscus was caught on the second night while Peromyscos were the dominating factor on the 1st night. June 13 Caught 2 Neotoma lepida on same trapline as June 12. June 14 Also 2 Neotoma lepida in same trapline! Due to the changing of camps etc. I have been unable to spend as much time as usual on this trapline. The rats consisted of one adult ♂ and one imm ♂. June 15 In a trapline of 40 traps set on the flat land beside the creek about 1 mile west of camp I caught 1 adult ♀ and 1 Imm. ♀. These rats do not seem to be as common here as on the side hills and on the flatland closer to Smith Creek Cave. June 16 In 7 rat traps set up a gulch ½ mi. w Smith Creek Cave, White Pine Co., Nev. I caught one Imm. Neotoma lepida. There was much evidence of Neotoma in the

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Lee Arnold 1937 Meotoma lepida 1/2 mi. W Smith Creek Cave, 6,000 ft. Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 7, Out of seven rat traps and five steel traps set for squirrels in a gulch running south from Smith Creek Canyon I caught 1 adult ♂ Meotoma and 1 Imm. ♀. There was much sign among the rocks, i.e. feces, cut vegetation, urine etc. Hendry Creek, 6,100 ft, 9 1/2 mi. SE Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 23 Out of 70 mouse traps set on a rocky side hill SW of camp I caught five: 4 immature ♀ and 1 immature ♂. These were on a shale-like rocky slope with scattered sage and other brush. I caught nine on the same evening in traps set on the flat.

set on the flat mine on the same evening in traps scattered sage and other brush, I caught more on a choke-cherry rodly slice with firmature 2 and 1 morefire 8. These did kill 5lb of ewe I caught five. Trap out of 70 mouse traps set on a rocky through White Pine Co Nevada Hendry Creek Wildt is an SETT. i.e. feces cut vegetation some etc. 2. There was much sage around the rocks, I caught 1 adult & Nectoma and I ran running south from Smith Creek Canyon traps set for squirrels in a gulch catch out of seven rat traps and five steel The Hendry's White Pine Co Nevada In mile 20 Smith Creek Cave is 600ft

Lee Arnold 1937 Meotoma cinerea Horse Canyon, 5800 ft, Zabrum Dr., Washoe Co., Nevada May 28, While going through the mines on the north wall of the canyon in search of bats I found several nests of this species. In every case they were at the far end of the mine. They were located on a ledge or on the ground. The tops of the nests were open and in superficial appearance the nests appeared to be much like that of a jay. There was numerous sign of recent habitation of rats in the form of -- soil moist from urine, feces, fresh clippings of various shrubs. Two of the species of shrubs I am taking in to have identified. It seems that the rats use these nests to sleep in both day and night (when not active). When they hear someone approaching they probably squeeze back into one of the many fissures in the rock and hide until the coast is dear. Otherwise I would have encountered some of them along the mine tunnel or in the nests. In every case where nests were found there were also such fissures where they could squeeze. In several of these fresh drop- ings and cuttings were found. One of the miners gave me an adult ? which had died in the mine where they were working. I saved the skull of this specimen

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Lee Arnold 1937 Neotoma cinerea #2. May 29 Horse Canyon, 5,800 ft., Pahrum Pk., Washoe Co., Nevada. Last night I set several traps in the mine which seemed to be the most used. I was surprised to catch only one almost adult ?. The four other traps set at the end of the mine were untouched. Could it be that this single rat was responsible for all the clippings and the three nests found nearby. Or could it be that the others, seeing the fate of this one, became more wary and were content to eat what food they themselves had gathered. In one mine where the bottom was full of water there was evidence of the rats having traveled along the narrow ledges of protruding rock on the sides of the cave.

Lee Arnold 1937 Microtus mordax Hendry Creek, 9,100ft, 1½ mi E TDT.TTJorod, White Pine Co. Nevada June 20 One adult ♂ caught out of 50 traps set beside and near the creek. This one was caught a few inches from the edge of the water under an overhanging ledge of moist soil. It was apparently in breeding condition. June 21 One immature ♂ caught about 3 feet from, the creek under the edge of a log. The previous night a Peromyscus maniculatus was caught in the same place. House Canyon, 5,800ft, Pahrua Dr., Washoe Co. Nevada May 29 An adult ♂ was caught about 5 feet from the creek up a straight bank. It had a runway under a log from one locality where there was dense rosebush to another. Although a trap was set at the same place for 4 nights no other Microtus were caught.

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Lee Arnold 1937 Sylvilagus nuttallii May 26 Warm Spring, 4,000 ft., 9 mi. E Amadee Lassen Cay, Calif. Shot an adult ? as it ran out of Alfalfa patch just south of camp. When frightened it ran over a mouse trap set by the fence — springing it. Cottontails are abundant around here. As with Jack Rabbits their skulls are found beneath almost every fence post where hawks have perched to eat them. June 13, Henry Creek, mi. Sqandy, 5,000 ft., Millard Co., Nevada Shot an immature cottontail in sagebrush behind the farm house. They are common in this district although not as much in evidence as the Jackrabbits.

Lee Arnold 1937 Antilocapra americana 1 mi E Smith Creek Cave, 5,600 ft, Mt. Moriah, White Pine Co., Nevada June 2, Just as we were entering Smith Creek Canyon Johnson saw an Antelope run in front of the car and up over a knoll to the north. By the time we got out of the car and to the top of the knoll it was several hundred yards away. It stood and eyed us for a while and then started walking away slowly. The white of the rump patch was plainly visible most of the time.

was plainly visible most of the time. It was slowly. The whole of the ramp down us for a while and then started shaking hundred yards away it stood undamaged to the top of the hill it was several North. By the time we got out of the car front of the car and up over a knoll to the Gopher Thompson saw us, Hotaling ran in. That as we were entering Smith Creek 11th through White Pine Co. Roads LIFE SMITH CREEK (June 2, 1958) Antilocapra americana

2. Arnold, L. Ecological Study of "Primitive Area" Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. 1937

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This Book is Property of Museum of Vertebrate Zoology University of California Berkeley, California If lost please return to the above as the notes contained herein are. quite valuable as research material.

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Ecological study of the "primitive area" in Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, with emphasis on conservational phases.

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Marking Technique 3. 2. 1. 4. 5. 20,000 7 8 6 9 50 1000 2,000 3,000 300 200 100 400 500 10 20 30 40

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Arnold 1957 Oct.1, C.C.C. Camp North of Botanical Garden, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. I am sitting on the porch of the office building of the C.C.C. Camp in Strawberry Canyon. It has been raining steadily for quite some time (3 hrs.) In front of me is a group of Calif. Quail foraging (23 in no.). They are mostly ♀ or birds not in full male adult plumage. There are not more than five full adult ♂ in the group. There is no clearly defined sentinel among them. They forage for several minutes without any of the ♂ birds or ♀ birds taking it upon themselves to watch for enemies. On two occasions, however, males mounted an elevated walk— approx. 1½ ft. above the ground and looked about as if for enemies. They are heedless of the rain and dampness of the ground and although there are several oaks they could be under are unmindful of them. At one time I saw a ♀ bird carry off an acorn. I could not follow where she went behind one of the buildings—however, Other birds, including Brown Towhees & Spotted Towhees are also foraging in the immediate vicinity of the quail.

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Oct. 1, 1937 CCC Camp, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley. A & Red-shafted Flicker just lit on the the top of a telephone pole to my right. It is seemingly unmindful of the steady, heavy, rain. Another flicker just flew over from a group of Pinus radiata-- the 1st bird flying up and following it. The quail are foraging in front of me once more. They at no time have been more than 40 feet from cover. To the right are several (approx. 15 Juncos foraging in the rain) in a loose flock. Now they are "re-gleaning" the ground that the quail were at one time settled upon with apparent success. It would be interesting to see just how many birds obtain nourishment from one small plot of ground during a season. It is raining steadier & harder than ever at present. Now a group of the quail are huddled under the cover of a broad leafed cultivated plant near where they were foraging. There are two & 4 & visible. They are very quiet, only occasionally fluffing up their feathers and settling them down again. A pair of field glasses (as I am having sent next week) would be of great help in determining whether the male bird are any more aware of impending danger

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5/1/1937 CCC Camp, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Calif. than the ?'s. From here it seems that the ? birds are not as "huddled" down as the ? and look about them more. This is probably due to the coloring of the head of the ? that tends to make them more conspicuous, however. M.V.Z., Berkeley, Alameda Co., California Because of the steady rain in the Primitive Area all morning from 8-12 I merely jotted down notes in a small notebook and am now compiling them in this one. I contacted one of the landscape gardeners at the botanical garden and found out the "dope" that I wanted to know about. He claims that TMr Brydon is the one in charge of the garden and is the one that I should see if I want to get working space in one of the offices. TMr Brydon is there on week days from 8-430. I was also told that if I worked it right I could undoubtedly obtain space in a small office in the garden. The gardener even showed me the office. It seems that it has been used in the past merely as a reserve room. It is a very nice place. - Painted white on the inside, has a telephone (for use by

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Arnold M.V.Z. Berkeley, Calif. 1937 Oct. 1, 1937 the WPA; is convenient to the Primitive Area and has a large table on which to do map work and the like. The room also had a stove in it to use on cold days. This is really an ideal set-up compared to the big, dark-colored drafty rooms of the CCC camp. I also obtained more information regarding keys and locks. It seems that the key that I received from Dr. Grinnell is the key into the botanical garden rather than the primitive area. This key was numbered 2007. I was also told that Key # 224 should be obtained if I was to use all of the botanical garden gates. As far as getting into the Prim. Area goes there is only one gate with a lock on it. This gate is at the corner of the fence nearest the water tank and main office. This gate was locked by a cheap lock bearing the number 61 on one side. It was a "Master" brand lock. All the other gates are lockless. In the same corner of the area as the one (gate) just mentioned is a large double sized gate entering the area from the enclosure where the water tank is. This gate was about two feet ajar so that most any

Arnold 1937 M.V.Z. Berkeley, California Oct. 1, 1937 animal or human could get through it. The brush however had grown up so much that it is doubtful that any larger animals would get through. Besides it opened into an area which was in itself fenced. At this point I do not believe that the map of "Strawberry Canyon project" agrees with the actual fence line. I believe that the fence going northward heads off from the NW - SE fence at about the 900ft. contour line. I have not checked this definitely, however, as yet. I think it would be a good idea to find if this map is correct as to the exact place of the fence from someone in the near future. After talking to the landscape gardener for quite some time I proceeded over into the area. I noticed that the W area of the fence just east of the tobacco field and just north of Strawberry Creek has been partly torn down. Most of the wire is still there but in places it is torn up from the bottom and in places is broken from the top. This condition extends for about fifty feet. While in the tall weeds just inside of the fence I saw a large gartersnake. It was approximately 2 1/2 feet long. I

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Arnold 1937 M.V.Z. Berkeley, Calif. Oct. 6, 1937 proceeded to the east fence of the area by way of the north bank of the canyon (creek) I followed a grown over trail for about 100 yards but shortly this trail ended. Along the trail I saw evidence of recent invasion by humans. - Namely a cigarette package and gum wrappings. If the tobacco was smoked in the same type of area that I found the cigarette package it would have certainly been inviting a brush fire. When the trail ended I climbed up the hill and made my way along the north bank as best I could. Because of the wet weather going was extremely difficult. Near the east fence I encountered a trail which had apparently been built to enable one to go through the primitive area. I followed this trail down to the bottom of the canyon, across the bridge and back down the canyon toward the west fence. In several places it was quite grown over and in other places I found evidence of humans having been through the area (this was in the form of newspapers). The trail led to the west fence at a point just south of the creek. At

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Arnold 1957 M.V.Z. Berkeley, Calif. Oct. 6, 1951 one time there was probably a gate at this point but at present I think it is entirely wired over so that I had to climb over. As it is the only way to get into the area besides coming down from the botanical garden and going down in the very steep "gorge" where the creek flows I believe that there should be a locked gate placed at that point. Oct 10, 12:03 PM Primitive Area — S.C. T. Calif Ground Squirrel seen sitting on hillside 100 yds. west of fence — 100 yds. north of Creek. Is calling from high point on rocks. Two others seen running along hillside. All of these seen on bare ground of botanical garden. Birds seen: 1 Calif Jay carrying acorn; Two Steller Jays Remains of Spotted Towhee found under large bay(?) tree 100 ft. east of trail "gate" near creek on west side. Large sploches of white excrement seen among and near the feathers. Large bird (not able to get good look at it but apparently about the size of Cooper Hawk) frightened from 2nd Bay Tree east of fence. Tile of old dung about Coyote size found 300 yds. east of

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Amold 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon Berkeley, Calif. Oct. 10, fence on trail "A." Saved as specimens p.n. Creek Trail A. Dung col g - Species unknown - saved for exam. Two Wren-tits heard from brush on north slope of canyon (South side of Monument hill. Another heard from scattered brush and grass just west of small canyon on south side of Monument Hill. - Vegetation and section maps very necessary for plotting exact spots of birds and features. Field glasses will be very necessary. While walking along trail I heard a commotion in willow thicket in bottom of creek. On freezing I detected a Cooper Hawk on the ground about 20 feet below me. I gave its peculiar click-call when I threw a rock into the thicket and then flew from the ground into the depth of the thicket. Perhaps it has something in its talons not as yet I have not seen. As I stand here it is making a commotion in the bottom of the thicket but I can not see it. Every time I throw rocks it goes crashing through the brush.

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Arnold 1931 Primitive Area, S. Canyon, Berkeley Oct. 10, 2 Spotted Towhees; 1 Song-sparrow seen in thicket near town-12:45 Trs. Flicker seen flying into pines on south hill. Several woodrat nests in among branches of pines. S.Towhees seen several places along trail. Wren-tits spotting hillside with song. A good idea would be a small page map for every bird - various numbers for dates. Several pieces of dung similar to those found on lower trail found on upper trail 50 yds west of pines; 100 yds east of fence. Saved. Dung 628 Dung 628 Hair & Bones observed. More dung of same type found 50 yds. wrest of above spot next to fenc[re] bridge of logs across gulchy, While I am eating near the SW corner of the fence I saw a Red- tailed hawk alight in cypress on south slope of Monument Hill. S.W.3 little birds about the size of Barny Mothatches fly into oak some 30 feet away (Although prob not mothatche) Had short tails and chipping note. Two Sparrow Hawks are circling over cypress trees near Red-tailed

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Amold 1957 Primitive Area, S.C., Berkeley, Calif. Oct. 19 Hawk. The Red-tailed Hawk, however, soon flew. As it did the S. Hawks swooped at it - constantly emitting their - milley - milley notes. The Red-tail does not seem much concerned with their efforts, --- This is at 1:20 P.M. Ht. 1:45 a Marsh Hawk flew over my head toward the west. It had apparently only flown over the area. This is a beautiful day - mild, sunny with a few clouds. I am spending most of my time brozing around the various trails and getting some idea as to the various types of association. There is quite a bit more pine-cypress- eucalyptus asso. than I had previously expected. This will undoubtedly throw the study into one of not so primitive an area. Several species at first inspection have adapted themselves to the new habitats. The adult Cooper Hawk just flew out of the pines above me and down into the canyon. I did not see where it lit but I know it did not fly out of the bounds of the fence. Ht 2:15 P.M. I saw 2 Scolophorus on rocks of creek bed at east end of the area.

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1937 Primitive Area, S.C.Berkeley, Cal. Oct.10, Cooper Hawk seen perched on fence post about 50 yards north of creek at east fence. It was preening its feathers when first seen. When I whistled it flew west into the area and disappeared over the hill. Spotted Towhee and wren-fit seen near creek at this spot. Flicker heard on hill to the south. Stellar Jay heard west in creek bed. Tit 2:25 I heard a Calif. Thresher on the slope just south of the creek that is covered with poison oak & prunus. I observed a large adult Weatume about five feet from its nest going through the poison oak toward the nest. The nest is located just 30 ft. north of the large Quercus californius about 75 yds. west of the east fence. The nest is a small one built around the base of an fallen old oak that has had its heart burnt out. While writing this two flickers lit in the oak overhead - after flying around for several moments after each other with much caw & flapping of wings. There are two Stellar Jays in the far side of the tree tapping on the branches with their bills.

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Arnold 1957 Thimble Tree, S.C. Berkeley Ceded. Oct. 19 Rough Sketch Showing the various routes taken today and a very few of the items of essa etc. 1. Dung 2. Dung 3. Dung Pines Trail X X 2 3 Creek Chepeld Cooper Hawk in Brush Creek Bottom gress No fruit very steep.

Arnold 1937 Primitive Area, S.C., Berkeley Calif. Oct. 10, A vireo (Prob. Hutton) was perched in the top of the oak just above my head. 5:30 P.M. Junco seen on brushy slope just north of orch. - Much evidence of mouse digging on this side hill. Earth of gravelly texture probably good for Trogognathus Dung 622 More feces found on trail in north side of canyon - presented for "identification". Quite a bit of gopher sign and in one place some diggings that could have easily been ground squirrel was seen on the top of Monument Hill. A flock of 8 Valley Quail were seen in the corner near the double fence closest to the botanical garden. On the whole the most interesting and probably the most significant feature today was the abundance of Cooper Hawks. From my scanty observations thus far I would say that those Cooper hawk probably nested in this area and some of those seen are young of the year (as told by plumage color)

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Amold 1937 M.V.Z., Berkeley, Calif. Oct. 16 This morning Dr. Grinnell and my self went up to the primitive area to look over the gate situation. We arrived at the Botanical Garden at about 9:50. After showing him the room we had given to us for working in, we started over toward the "Primitive Area." At 10 A.M. we saw several (5) Gambel Sparrows chasing and eating termites along one of the paths. These sparrows would run along and pick the insects out of the air, pick them from the ground and at one time I saw a bird fly about 18 inches off the ground and catch one of the insects in mid air "Flycatcher fashion." The birds would eat the insects—wings and all. Although a Brown Towhee was nearby on the path I did not see it catch any termites. Dr. Grinnell said that although these are immature birds they could be told from [illegible] by the brown streaked back and coral red bill. We saw 4 or more gambeli in the tall "poison hemlock" just east of the tobacco plantation. The bushes ranged up to eight feet. One Song Sparrow was also seen in these bushes. Although it was

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Oct 16, our regular resident Song Sparrow it could have easily been a Trusty or some other migrant. Other birds seen are: 2 adult Red-tailed Hawks; 11 Spotted Towhees; 6 Brown Towhees; 1 Cooper Hawk; 6 Flickers; 5 Song Sparrows; 1 Thrasher; 2 Wren-tits; 1 Calif. Jay; 1 Hermit Thrush; 2 Anna Hummingbirds (making sizzor grindernotes); 6 Calif. Jays; 2 unknown; 1 Fox Sparrow (sip note); 1 Valley Quail (heard); 1 Bewick Wren; 1 Alaska Yellow Warbler; 9 Juncos; 1 House Finch (heard) 1 Golden-crowned Sparrow; 4 Green-backed Goldfinches; 1 Robin. It was interesting to note that just outside the area on the north side we heard a lot of commotion and a rustling of leaves and of a eucalyptus tree. In a moment a Red-shafted Flicker appeared around the tree with a Sharp-shinned Hawk close after it. The Flicker was making quite a commotion and appeared to be very frightened in spite of the fact that it was almost as large as the Sharp-shinned Hawk. We noted that the gate from the Botanical Garden into the open field of the "Primitive Area" should be swung so that it

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Arnold 1937 M.V.Z. Berkeley, Calif. Oct. 16, opened into the Area instead of into the Botanical Garden. This would eliminate the possibility of dirt cover- ing over the base of the gate again. We also noted that at several points near the gate on the top of Monument Hill the fence could stand to be fixed. Dr. Grinnell also suggested that we put a latch on this gate and use it. This is the quickest way from Monument Hill to the Botanical Garden. We left the primitive area by way of this north gate at 11:40 A.M. Our route of travel is approximately as follows: gate should be usable Fence repaired

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Arnold 1937 (M.U.Z., Berkeley, Cal.) Oct. 16, Spotted Towhees seem to be the most abundant birds on the section of the area covered today. It was interesting to note that the two Red-tailed Hawks seen spent considerable time (at least one of them) in the pines on Monument Hill. Perhaps they will build here next spring. At one place on the north hill (Mon. Hill) we saw some feces. Dr. Grinnell said that it was either dog or Coyote.

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Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Oct. 17, This is a bright, sunshiny morning as was yesterday. Entered primitive area 10:14. Calif. Thrasher seen about 50 yds NE of creek at Strawberry Creek. 8 Anna Hummer near same spot.—“Savor- grinding.” In middle of area I saw a S-shining Hawk being chased by a humming bird (Anna). It took ½ hour to go from the west fence to the east fence of the area by way of the lower trail. There was noticeably more bird life near the west side of the area then near the east. I can see no apparent reason for this however. Due to lack of time I was only able to make a count of the birds along the lower path. This count was made between 10:14 and 10:45 A.M. There were more birds observed near the west fence of the area than near the east fence. The birds observed are as follows: Junco 3; Cal. Jay 5; Stellar Jay 1; Anna Hummer 1; Spotted Towhee 2; Brown Towhee 1; Calif. Thrasher 1; Song Sparrow 1; Wren-tit 3; Sparrow Hawk 1; Bewick Wren 2; Sharp- shinned Hawk 1; Flicher 4; Cooper Hawk 1;

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Arnold 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Oct. 31, Arrived at Botanical Garden 9:00 A.M.—Saw Mr. Brydon. It is bright and pretty morning as it rained yesterday the plants are covered with moisture. Consequently I am going up the fire road to enter the primitive area by way of the far north gate near the summit of Monument Hill. At present I am sitting outside of the area on the west side about 1/2 way between the botanical garden and the gravel pit. I have a good view of the west side of Monument Hill. This portion is that covered with brush and a few scattered oaks. I heard a Titmouse in one of the oaks, a Spotted Towhee in the brush, two Wren-lits, two Hermit Thrushes. At 10:15 while coming along the northwest corner of the fence I frightened a covey of approx. eight Valley Quail. Three of these flew into

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Arnold Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, 1937 Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Oct. 31, th the area while the rest of t hem lit in the chaparral just outside the area. I saw two Flckers perched on the top of a Cypress tree on Monument Hill. I also saw an Anna Hummingbird female sitting in the oak nearest the north gate. I am now sitting on the south side of Monument Hill, from here I command a view of the entire south side of the canyon but am too far away to hear any but the more distinctive birds. Several Sellar Jays can be heard on the opposite hills; four or five Wrentits. On Anna Hummer just flew from the eucalyptus trees on the southwest slope of Monument Hill to those in the middle of the "saddle" between the cypress trees. I saw two Scolephorus out on the rocky path just south of the summit. At some place I also saw two juncos. I hear a bird in the Bay tree at

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Arnold 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley Alameda Co., Calif. Oct. 31 the bottom of the canyon which I can not identify. It has a rather "trill-like" note going: Tweet-tweet-tweet Siddle-siddle-siddle-sidle. Several (3) Spotted Towhees, 3 Calif. Jays; 2 Flickers in pines on south side of canyon) 1 Stellar Jay 4 Juncos, 1 Wrgow Wren, Neidubon Warbler, 1 Western House Wren, 1 Golden-crowned Sparrow, 1 Ruby- crowned Kinglet. By sitting in one place in the chaparral and and making noises with my mouth I was able to call six Spotted Towhees, 1 Hermit Thrush, 2 Jays (Calif.), 1 House Wren, 1 Golden-crowned Sparrow, 2 Wren-tits. The wren-tits came within four feet of me) The rest within ten feet of me. I spent some time in the grass- land east of the botanical garden hunting for Meadow Mouse runways. I found a number of runs that could have been used by meadow

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Arnold Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, 1937 Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Oct. 31 mice but could find no feces. The runs were indistinct much as harveest mouse runs. There was old and new cut grass discernable. Spotted Towhees were the birds most in evidence today.

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Arnold 1937 M.V.Z., Berkeley, California Nov. 13, This morning I arrived at the primitive area at 8:00 A.M. It is a beautiful day. The air is cool and the sky clear. The brush had some moisture on it but as it has not rained for some time this must have been caused from the dew or fog. I took an "official" census of the birds of the area from eight clock to twelve o'clock noon. I started from the #1 gate, that is the gate entering from the tobacco plantation of, the botanical garden. Miss Buchanan accompanied me as she was interested in observing Spotted Towhees. We took an hour to progress from the west to the cast fence on the lower trail. During this time we saw more birds then at any other equal length of time on the entire trip. The new birds seen this morning for the first time consisted of: Varied Thrush - I seen close up three others seen flying high. Purple Finch - two seen flying over area. Western Gnatcatcher - flock of six seen near east fence among Baccharis. These birds were foraging in a well defined flock. They came within ten feet of me when I "squeeked" to them.

Arnold 1937 M.L.XX., Berkeley, Calif. Nov. 13 This is the first time I have observed these birds in such a distinctly formed flock. The Hermit Thrushes were by far the most common birds to be seen this morning—that is of those widely distributed. The American Pipit recorded was seen flying high over the area. The Willow Bowny Woodpecker was seen in the top of an oak tree near the gate north of the tip of Monument Hills. It appeared to be feeding among the branches at the top of this tree. The grass was just appearing as a green fuzz beneath the taller grass & weeds. No hawks were seen inside of the area—which was quite significant. A number of Juncos were observed among the Baccharis near the spot where we saw the West. Quatcatchers. The route taken this morning was as follows. 9:00 A.M. 10 A.M. B. C. 11 A.M. A. 8:00 A.M. 12 A.M. It's can be seen in the map, each of

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Arnold 1957 N.V.Z. Berkeley, Calif. Nov. 13 the trails were covered twice, starting at "H" to "B" then over to "C" then Back to "H." One interesting feature was that I saw a Anna Hummingbird doing "courting dives" on the north hillside. It dove twice from an elevation of about 30 feet. After the second dive it flew off over the hill after another bird - probably a female. The Scolophorus were still out on the north hillside. Although I saw only two small ones out running around I turned over a small rock and frightened an adult. Whether or not this lizard was "bedded up" for the winter or not I can not tell.

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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY CENSUS SHEET Locality. Native Area Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Date. Nov. 13, 1937 Observer. Lee W. Arnold Time in field. 4 hours Approximate no. miles. 3 Nature of route (life zone, fauna, habitats). From west fence to east fence of prim. A. on bottom trail up the north trail & back to fence thence up south trail & back to fence & then to west end by way of lower trail. Weather. Clear cool - SPECIES HOURS --> 8-9 9-10 10-11 11-12 TOTALS White crowned Sparrow ||| Hermit Thrush X||| ||| Calif. Thrasher | | | | Anna Hummer | Red-shafted Flicker | Calif. Jay ||| || || Intermediate Wren-tit || || ||| Song Sparrow || Spotted Towhee || 1 || || Ruby-crowned Kinglet 1 Junco || X||X Valley Quail | || Fox Sparrow | | | Steller Jay | | | | | Varied Thrush | Purple Finch || Green-backed Goldfinch | Ruby-crowned Kinglet ||| Western Gnatcatcher X||| Audubon Warbler || American Dipit Willow Downy Woodpecker To east fence. To lower Hill To S.W. Fence. TOTALS (hourly and grand) 1m-4,'37

MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA CENSUS SHEET Approximate no. miles: 13 Time in field: of hours? Observer: Lee to Arnold Date: Nov 17-1977 Curator checking specimens: Locality: ? Nature of route (life zone, habitat): Species | Holes -> | B-D | P-10 | 10-II | 11-II | 11-12 | Tot ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | Western Thrush | I | 1 | | | | | Colt Thrasher | | | | | | | Anna's Hummingbird | | | | | | | Red-shafted Flicker | | | | | | | Gulf Jay | III | II | | | | | Intersalvate Thrush-kit | W | V | III | | | | Sand Sparrow | VII | | | | | | Spotted Towhee | | I | II | | | | Ruby-crowned Kinglet | I | | | | | | Junco | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | | | | Violet Greenfly | I | | | | | | Fox Sparrow | I | | | | | | Steller's Jay | I | | | | | | Veery Thrush | I | | | | | | Purple Finch | II | | | | | | Downy Woodpecker | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | | | | Western Gnatcatcher | III | II | [illegible] | | | | Auburn Warbler | II | | | | | | American Robin | I | | | | | | Willow Flycatcher | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | | | | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | [illegible] | Totals (per row and column)

Primitive Area Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley Alameda Co., Calif. Nov 27, Stopped at #1 at 8:15. Clear, crisp morning. Ground moist but shrubs dry. New growth of grass and weeds well under way. Two Calif. Jays heard on south hill. Flicker overhead. Song Sparrow in bushes along creek. There is about a five mile breeze which keeps the tops of the bushes and trees moving and consequently has some effect on the no. of birds to be seen. At 8:50 I frightened a flock of seven robins out of a tree at #2, Wren-tit seen in the top of a bush in spite of wind blowing. At 9:10 I arrived at the cast fence after collecting quite a number of plants. Since the last stop I saw only a song sparrow. It is strange where all of the many birds usually seen along this route have gone to. At 9:50 I am on the knoll of the north hill where the two cyress and two pine trees are. I saw a single Audubon Wabler on this side. Heard two Wren-tits. Saw two Robins; one Junco; 4 Goldfinches - (Sp?).

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Arnold/1967 Primitive Area Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley Alt. Co. Calif. Nov. 27 Hill and the grove of cypress trees just north of the fence. At 10:20 I frightened a covey of approx. 20 Valley Quail from the low brush on the south side of Monument Hill at the point marked #3. They were apparently feeding in the brush when disturbed. At this spot, however, the wind is not strong enough to disturb the low bushes. At #4 on the map I found some fresh dung - It looked much like that from coyotes. Shortly after seeing the quail another Reddish Warbler flew over. At 10:45 I saw a flock of 15 Pine Siskins flying up Strawberry Canyon at spot #5. When they saw me they turned in unison and flew back down the canyon. I also saw a print that looked like that of a dog in the soft earth at this spot. It was interesting to note that some of the birds very common in the area at other times were neither seen nor heard - such as Spotted Towhees and Hermit Thrushes. The Robins were the birds most in evidence today. In most cases these, however, were seen in flight.

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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY CENSUS SHEET Locality Primitive Area - Strawberry Canyon Date Nov. 27, 1937 Observer Lee W. Arnold Time in field 3 hours Approximate no. miles 8 Nature of route (life zone, fauna, habitats) Along trail from west to east fence. Up north trail - back to creek - up south trail. Weather SPECIES HOURS -> 8-9 9-10 10-11 11-12 TOTALS Calif. Jay II Wren-tit I I II Robin IIII IIII II Song Sparrow I I Goldfinch (sp?) IIII Valley Quail IIIIIIII Thruhon Warbler I I Red-shafted Flicker I I Junco I III IIII Pine Siskin III IIIIIIII TOTALS (hourly and grand) 1m-4,'37

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY CENSUS SHEET Approximate no. miles 8 Time is held 3 hours Observer R. H. Brown Date Hrs. 21 M27 Locality Nature of route (in some cases, habitats) STATIONS HOURS -> 4-10 AM - 9-9 AM - P.M. Pinto Siskin X 1 Junco X 1 Red-sided Flounder Abert's Jay Sparrow 2 Wren 3 Violet Grouse 1 Yellow Rail 1 Obtained (egg) Totals

Arnold 1937 Nov. 27, 1937 THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON Scale in feet Contour=50ft. Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon, National Park Service- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1933. Drafted Under Auspices of WPA, Project 6079-5797 by CMT., 1937.

THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON [illegible] Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1932. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work. Drafted under Award of WPA Project 8079-5787 by CMJ, 1935. Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon National Park Service- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934.

Donald 1957 Primitive Area - Berkeley Dec 25, several pictures of the pines & cypress trees we started down the path on the south slope of Monument Hill. Here we took several pictures of the various associations but could not get any good cross-canyon shots because of poor lighting. On the slope SW of "Pine Point" we heard a Thrasher and Saw a Calif. Jay. Upon goning down the path toward the bottom of the canyon I noticed some fresh feces (dog-like). I also noticed that the brush-rat nest under the Bay tree on the trail had been torn from its location and the rats had placed some freshly cut oak twigs and leaves over the opening to the stump where they live. Upon hitting the stump I could hear the rats scampering about within it. It will be interesting to note the rate of buildup of the new nest. Near the bottom of the canyon in the sunlight we frightened over thirty Juncos from the low bushes. They were apparently feeding here. Although there were numbers of birds along the bottom I did not have time to record them as we had to hurry back so that Fitch could keep an appointment. Seasonal Status: Because of the brief time and the emphasis on pictures I could not note as many birds as I would have otherwise. The new growth of

Arnold 1937 The Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., California Dec. 15, Henry Fitch and I went up to the area this morning to take pictures of the various association groupings of the plants of the area and the general lay of the land. We left the Botanical Garden at 11:30 A.M. and went to the north gate of the area by way of the outside path. While still outside of the area we saw a Cooper Hawk at the spot marked on the adjoining map (R2). It flew up from the brush on the side hill and disappeared among the pines. We traveled up the road to the north side of the area and thence up the north fence. From here we saw: 1 Calif. Jay; 15 Spotted Towhee; 3 Juncos; 2 Brown Towhees at places marked on adjoining map. We took several pictures of the area from the northern section but because of Henry having an appointment we were unable to spend enough time to get all the views of the area needed--consequently we will have to make another trip for that purpose at a later date. On the top of Monument Hill we saw two Robin in a Madrone tree, heard two Red-breasted Sapsuckers and some Siskins in the pines but could not see them. We frightened an adult Red-tailed Hawk from the pines also. It flew down the hillside and northward. (After taking

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Amabel 1937 Primitive Area, Berkeley Dec. 15 grass is up to about three inches in most places. Most of the perennials are comencing to bud out while the California Poppy plants are about 4 inches high. I am going up tomorrow to make further observations. The pictures taken here their approximate localities marked on the adjoining map as follows:

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UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY CENSUS SHEET Locality Primitive Area, Berkeley, Calif. Date Dec. 15, 1937 Observer Lee W. Arnold Time in field 1 hour Approximate no. miles 1/2 Nature of route (life zone, fauna, habitats) From west side of primitive area around to the north gate - to Monument Hill and then down to Straw Creek - No notes on both. Weather: Fair - Breeze - Few clouds. SPECIES HOURS --> 11:30-12 12-12:30 TOTALS Cooper Hawk I Junco III III II II Calif. Jay I I Spotted Towhee I II Brown Towhee III West Robin II Red-tailed Hawk I Red-breasted Nuthatch II (heard) Pine Siskin I (heard) Calif. Towhee I Calif. Thrasher I TOTALS (hourly and grand) 1m-4,'37

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Arnold 1937 Dec. 15, THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON 0 50 100 200 300 Scale in feet Contour = 50ft. W10 R30 1190 R34 R33 R36 R36 R21 R15 R15 850 750 800 750 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon, National Park Service- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1933. Drafted Under Auspices of WPA, Project 6079-5797 by CMT, 1937.

THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON [illegible] [illegible]

Arnold Dec.15, 1937 Map showing approx. positions of shots of pictures taken by Henry Fitch THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON 0 50 100 200 300 Scale in feet Contour=50ft. Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon, National Park Service- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1933. Drafted Under Auspices of WPA, Project 6079-5797 by CMT, 1937.

THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON [illegible] Scale in feet Contour=20ft [illegible] Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1938 Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Drafted Under Auspices of WPA Project 6075-5767 by OMT 1937 [illegible] State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934. Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon, National Park Service-

Amadele 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Dec.16 Arrived at the area at 11:00 A.M. Brought up another load of traps to set out. Am setting them on the lower trail. I am at present about 1/2 way between the east and west fence. Just in front of me in the willows are two Calif. Jays To the right of me I saw @ Fox Sparrow and two Song Sparrows. This is a clear, sunshiny morning with a slight breeze. Mourning Cloak butterfly just flew around my blue jacket as I sat sitting here. Its wings were heavy and made a "papery" sound as it fluttered about. At 12:10 I saw a Calif. Thrasher fly from the side hill (south) to the north side about 50 yds. from the creek in the middle of the area. Soon after I heard a Calif. Thrasher call from the very spot from whence the first one flew. There is a Stellar Jay in the willows just in front of me. Two flickers are "messing around" in the outer branches of the madrone tree behind me. At this distance I can not tell whether they are foraging or not. They shortly flew to the pines on the opposite side of the canyon. An Intermediate Wren-it is jumping about in the branches about five feet below me.

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1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif Dec. 16 A Calif. Thrasher was seen across the canyon in a single clump of Bacchus as shown on themap. Two Juncos in oaks (1:20) as shown on map. (Others heard). An Audubon Warbler seen flying down the canyon at this point. This is the place where we saw such a large flock of Juncos three days ago. At 1:40 P.M. I am on the top of the knoll from Monument Hill. I saw two Western Quetchers in the ravine just west of here. I also heard several Bush-tits but could not see them. From this vantage point I can hear Wren-tits on the opposite hill but can not place the exact spots where they are. I frightened a flock of approx. 20 Valley Quail from the low Bacchus bushes just south of the crest of the hill. Some of them flew over the hill and two 1/7 in the pines at the top of the hill. No birds seen on top of Monument Hill. I noticed two small pine trees start- ing to grow. Beneath one of the larger Pinus radiata on the top of the hill. Apparently this tree has become acclimated enough to start reproducing in this area. I just saw a 3 inch Scoloporus run down

to time. [illegible]

Amosel 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Dec. 16, a small hole about 50 yds south of the summit of Monument Hill. At 2:20 I am on the side hill just north of the clear space east of the botanical garden in the Becharis I saw a Spotted Towhee. I saw two Song sparrows in the open space and a number of other birds. These These proved to be Rufous-crowned Sparrows (6). They were quite unmindful of my presence and allowed me to advance within about ten feet of them. When frightened they flew to the brushy side-hill. Caught an adult Song sparrow in trap about 150 yds east of west fence.- It had reddish brown tail & back. Intermediate wren-tit—In Sequoias on south hill. At 3:30 I was sitting at the west end of the south trail. From the sounds in the thickets between here and the Pines there must be ten or more Song Sparrows. I also hehr a Wren-tit. Just saw four birds fly over with a "chip" like an Audubon Warbler— but could not be positive. The bird most in evidence today seems to be the Song Sparrow.

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Arnold 1937 Primitive Area Dec. 16, In my 12 mouse traps I had set out I caught four mice. 2 Peromyscus maniculatus gambeli and 2 Peromyscus truei gilberti. I marked one of each species in the following manner #1 Ad. ♀ Peromyscus maniculatus Caught 30 feet east of the west fence just north of the trail at the base of a cut away portion of the bank. The trap being set at the entrance of a large "erosion" hole. Ran down hill when freed. —Marked with nip out of ear #1. #2 Ad. ♂ Peromyscus truei gilberti Caught 300 feet east of west fence. Marked with #1 mark. When liberated it, ran up the hill into a thicket of ferns Of the other two one escaped (truei) and the other was dead (man). I set out the other traps—making about 30 sets in all.

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Arnold Dec. 21, 1937 THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON Scale in feet Contour=50ft. Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon, National Park Service- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1933. Drafted Under Auspices of WPA, Project 6079-5797 by CMT, 1937.

November 1957 THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON Contour=20ft. Scale in feet [illegible] Drafted under auspices of WRA Project S079-8737 by G.M.T. 1957 Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1957 Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work. State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1954. Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon National Park Service.

(4)emmals marked Dec. 16, 1937 THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON 0 50 100 200 300 Scale in feet Contour=50ft. Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon, National Park Service- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1933. Drafted Under Auspices of WPA, Project 6079-5797 by CMT, 1937.

THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON [illegible] Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon National Park Service- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1933. Dotted Under Auspices of WPA Project 8029-5797 by CMT, 1933.

Arnold Dec. 16, 1937 Ground Covered & Birds Seen THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON 0 50 100 200 300 Scale in feet Contour = 50 ft. R11 R34 750 R33 750 2R15 2R38 R21 R36 6R35 1R38 R14 R15 R11 R21 800 850 900 950 1000 1050 1100 2W16 4R17 17RS W35 GR24 App. 38 A21 R14 R15 R12 R21 R19 1150 1100 1050 1000 950 900 850 800 750 700 Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon, National Park Service- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1933. Drafted Under Auspices of WPA, Project 6079-5797 by CMT., 1937.

"The Primitive Area in Strawberry Canyon" [illegible] Created under auspices of WPA Project S075-2797 by CMT, 1933. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1933. Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon, National Park Service-- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934.

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY CENSUS SHEET Locality Primitive Area Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alta. Co., Calif. Date Dec. 16, 1937 Observer Lee W. Amold Time in field 11-4 (5 hours) Approximate no. miles 3 Nature of route (life zone, fauna, habitats) As shown on map Weather Clear & mild SPECIES HOURS --> 11-11:30 11:30-12 12-12:30 12:30-1 1-1:30 TOTALS R35 Spotted Towhee 1 R38 Song Sparrow || I R15 Calif. Jay || RD R.S. Flicker || || R19 I. Wren-tit | | B24 Brown Towhee / R21 Calif. Thrasher || 714 Stellar Jay | 1:30-2 2-2:30 2:30-3 3-3:30 Western Gnatcatcher || Bush-tit |||| || Valley Quail |||||| Wren-tit || Spotted Towhee | Song Sparrow || ||||| Rufus-crowned Sparrows ||X1 Song Sparrow 1 Unknown |||/I TOTALS (hourly and grand) 1m-4,'37

Arnold 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Dec. 17, I entered the area by way of the north gate at 12:10. Several Juncos heard in chaparral just inside the fence while even more were heard in the cypress trees just outside the fence. Made run - fresh since last rain a week ago was seen - marked @ on map. No birds seen on top of Monument Hill - probably because of good freeze. At 12:25 a flock of eight golden-crowned Sparrows were seen in the Bacharris on "Pine Point." While going down the hill I noted the front leg of a Zylviagus bachmani hooked in a strand of barbed wire approximately 30 poles north of Strawberry Creek on the east fence. The leg had been severed at the scapula and appeared to have been hanging there for about two days. I brought the leg back with me for identification (b. on map). I am sitting about 50 ft. north of Creek and about 150 feet west of east fence. Called four Wren-tits and a Spotted Towhee close to me. I noted that the Toyon berries are still on the bushes in some places.

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Arnold 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Dec. 17 At 12:50 I am on the bridge at the east fence where the creek goes through. An adult Red-tailed Hawk just lit on a fence post just north of here at about the same place where I found the Rabbit's foot. It stood there preening for afew minutes and then flew outside of the area. I heard a Vigors Bewick's Wren in the brush around the bottom of the Bay Tree about 50 yards north. There is a Wren-tit behind me in the rushes. At 11:02 a Fox Sparrow and a Song Sparrow were seen 100 yards west of the east fence. I had my catch-alive mouse traps set at intervals of approx every thirty feet — starting at the west fence and parallelling the lower path. — As shown on the adjoining map. I was at sea as [illegible] to which system to use for marking closely related species. Dr Hall thinks it would be better to have no closely related species with duplicate numbers. This is not the way that I marked them at first but is the manner I

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Arnold 1937. Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Dec. 17, will use hereafter. Yesterday I marked two mice: - 1 Pero. maniculatus and 1 Pero. t. gilberti. I gave each the #1 mark (see chart for marking). Today I marked two Peromyscus m. g. and three P. t. g.: using the system whereby I gave each species separate numbers. Hereafter, however there will be one set of serial numbers for all the mammals. This will avoid confusion. The following are the mammals marked today: 3 Hd. & Peromyscus maniculatus Caught in ferns on steps. The seventh step - 1st group of steps from the west fence - when freed it went uphill. - Given #2 marking. Returned Dec. 19 Ret. Dead on Almost frozen: Dec. 17 Liberated after warming. 4 Hd. & Peromyscus truei gilberti Caught beneath elderberry tree by path 50 yds west #3 Ran down hill when released. - Given #2 marking 5 Hd. & Peromyscus truei g. Caught 20 ft. west #4

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Arnold Primitive Area, Berkeley, Alameda Co., 1937 @clif: Dec. 17 when released it ran down hill! — Given #3 marking 6 Td. ♀ Peromyscus truei gilberti Caught 50 feet east of 2nd big bay tree from fence (west) along the bottom trail. Dec. 20- Ret. Dead — Given #4 marking 7 Td ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus. Caught fifty feet east of 1st bay tree and 20 feet west of 2nd big tree. — Ran down hill. — Given #3 marking Others caught but dead in traps were: 1 ♂ Reithrodonmys megalotis 1 ♀ Peromyscus truei gilberts 1 ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus (At some spot where #1 ad & ♀ was marked yesterday)

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Arnold Dec. 17, 1937 THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON Scale in feet Contour = 50 ft. 12:00 Noon Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon, National Park Service- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1933. Drafted Under Auspices of WPA, Project 6079-5797 by CMT., 1937.

Arnold 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., California Dec. 17, 619♂ Reithrodonmys 134-66-18-12 620♀ Peromyscus truei gilberti 185-92-23-20 621♂ Peromyscus maniculatus gambeli 147-68-26-14

Dec 17 6158 Peromyscus technicolus Gaspel, 14-08-20-14 6159 Prounyces terti dillort, 182-93-23-20 6160 Petribodonamys 131-04-18-15

Donald 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Dec. 19, I entered the area by way of the botanical garden. While proceeding along the west fence I saw an adult Citellus run into a hole under the fence. He ran from the botanical garden but the hole proceeded under into the dirt of the primitive area. The clear, bright weather we have been having probably accounts for the presence of this squirrel. The location of the fence is shown at the spot marked (a) on the map for this date. I saw this animal at 2:10 P.M. In the trapline along the lower trail I caught the following. Ad. ♀ Peromyscus maniculatus 50 feet west of 2nd and 75 feet east of 1st bay tree - Dead in trap. Peromyscus maniculatus 75 feet east of 2nd Bay tree_ on lower trail. Escaped unmarked. Ad. ♀ 100 ft. east of 2nd Bay Tree on lower trail. - Dead. #8 Imm. ♀ Peromyscus truei gilberti 30 feet west of 1st elder Ret. same Dec. 20. trap.

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Arnold 1937 Dec. 26, on the lower trail. Adult ♀ Peromyscus truei gilberti 20 ft. east of 1st elder- dead #9 Imm. ♀ Peromyscus maniculatus Ret Dec. 20 Top of 1st steps east of 7th step. fence. #10 Ad. ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 20 feet east of the top of 1st step at the bottom of a rock outcrop. #11 Ad. ♀ Peromyscus truei 60 feet east of top of 1st step #12 Ad. ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 30 ft. east of #11 Caught in about 15 minutes in can 30 feet east. #13 Ad. ♂ Reithrodontomys megalotis Dec. 20 - Caught in #13's can- Dead. 30 ft. east of can where #12 was caught. Ad. ♀ Peromyscus truei - Just changing from juvenile

10/24 #13 Hill & Hethersett's waterfall #12 was caught 30ft east of car where #15 15:18 Transverse mountain fire 960 minutes in can 30 feet climbed in spot #11 30ft. east of #11 #11 11:4 & Transverse fire step to get to top of 269 100 feet east of top of 1 #10 10:8 Transverse mountain fire cutout step at the bottom of a rock 30 feet east of the top of 1 Top of 1st steps east of 1 mile & Transverse trail direct 269 ft. east of 1st elbow - desa fence on the lower trail

Amolel 1937 Dec. 20, pelage, 60' east of #13 Because of the number found dead I am placing more cotton in all of the traps in an effort to discover whether or not they are dying because of coldness.

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Arnold Dec. 19, 1937 THE PRIMITIVE AREA IN STRAWBERRY CANYON Scale in feet Contour=50ft. Outline of Fence from Blueprint Map of Strawberry Canyon, National Park Service- State Park Emergency Conservation Work, November, 1934. Contours from State Park Emergency Conservation Work, Strawberry Canyon Map, November, 1933. Drafted Under Auspices of WPA, Project 6079-5797 by CMT, 1937.

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Arnold 1957 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif Dec.20, went up to the area and around to the traps. Had very poor luck in spite of having filled the traps with more cotton for nests. Have come to the conclusion that it is just as essential to have a quantity of available food in the trap as to have enough cotton. Today I packed the traps with quite a bit of food. #14 Im ♀ Peromyscus maniculatus 50 feet east of 1st bay tree. The following were found dead: 1 Imm ♀ Peromyscus maniculatus 10th step from top of 1st group of steps from west fence. 1 Ad ♀ P. truei - base of rocks at top of 1st steps. 1 Imm. ♀ P.m.q west-end of 1st berry tangle on top of steps. 1 Ad. ♂ Reithrodon tomys megalotis - Middle of bramble tangle. The only observation of birds was a small flock of Bush-tits heard

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Amold 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Dec. 20 and a Sharp-shinned Hawk seen in south of trail near the west fence (206 yds. east). Other birds not recorded. Dec 21, I went up to the area with Dr. Alden Miller. We were walking around the Northwest corner of the area at 12:35 when we frightened a covey of twenty Valley Quail. Most of them remained on the outside of the fence but five flew into the area— Three flying across the small ravine into the tangle of Current, gooseberry and poison oak. I saw one Hermit Thrush. We heard a Townsend warbler in the cypress trees on the outside of the fence. On driving at the north gate I saw the following: 2 Flickers; 2 Brown Towhees; 1 Calif. Jay; 1 Golden-crowned Sparrow. Five Green-backed Goldfinches flew east over this end of the area; 2 Wren-fits. Dr. Miller called my attention to the fact that the oak-moth larvae had been feeding on the oak tree near the fence.

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Arnold 1937 Primitive Area - Berkeley Calif. Dec. 20, this is responsible for the new growth which is just beginning to come out all at once. Probably the appearance of these worms was the reason for my seeing Black-throated Gray Warblers and a Downy Woodpecker on this tree earlier in the season. At 12:55 we saw three Golden- crowned Kinglets foraging among the cypress trees at the top of Monument Hill. Dr. Miller identified them first by their fit-fit-fit-fit notes (sounding, when put together, like a squeaking hinge) These were foraging among the needles and twigs. One of them spent a minute or so hammering at something in the crotch of a small twig. I do not know what they were after. There was a Ruby-crowned Kinglet among them but this presently flew down into the brush on the north side of Monument Hill. It could be distinguished by its metallic sequestration note. At 1:10 we saw a Calif. Jay on "Pine Point" a Hermit Thrush was seen to fly from the base of "Pine Point" into the thicket of brush on the

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Arnold 1937 Primitive Area - Berkeley Dec. 20 opposite side of the hill about 75 yds. south of the creek and next to the fence. Two Golden-crowned Sparrows were seen on the east side of this point. From the bottom of the canyon next to the bridge we saw a Myrtle Warbler. It was in Imm. plumage — Dr. Miller said one could tell it by its more mellow call note. [illegible] It was foraging among the willows in the bottom of the canyon. A spotted Towhee, a Fox Sparrow and a Calif. Jay were also seen from this location. Dr. Miller said that the shrub that is so common in the thickets on the south side of the canyon is Ribes (current). 100 yds west of east fence — Spotted Towhee; Song Sparrow south of trail; Varied Thrush flew into thicket at bottom. At 150 yards another Spotted Towhee. The nest in the willows along the path (According to Dr. Miller) is probably a Russet-backed Thrushes nest. The closely packed material is indicative of this. 300 yds. west of the east fence I saw two Song Sparrows. At 2:30 in the middle of the area on the

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1937 Primitive Area - Berkeley Dec. 20 lower trail I saw: 2 Hermit Thrushes; 1 Wren-fit; Song Sparrow; Spotted Towhee; Calif. Jay; 4 Juncos; 2 Ruby Crowned Kinglets. While tending my traps I did not attempt to keep bird notes. Upon going up the south trail I noted a male run about 75 feet south of the creek above the large bay tree where the trail goes up (m. on map - trail too far from east fence). From here I continued on up the trail - through the Sequoias, and out into the brush. I noted two Ruby-crowned Kinglets in the pines. There was a flock of approx. fifty Juncos high upon the side hill above the path. I also saw 2 Fox Sparrows; several (heard) Wren-fits; several (heard) Hermit Thrushes & two Spotted Towhees. At 3:00 P.M while sitting beside the fence on the west side of the area I saw a Sparrow Hawk flying over the pines on Monument Hill). It was calling with its usual note. I also saw a Red-tailed Hawk far west of the area. I had very good luck in my traps this morning - catching a number of mammals

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Arnold 1937 Primitive Area, Strawberry Canyon, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. Dec 21 First I will give the numbers of the traps and the approximate locations of each. Later I will enumerate those caught. Trap No. Location & Asso. 1. TinCan Trap 30 ft. from west fence at base of cut away portion of bank. Trap set at mouth of "erosion" hole. 2. T.C.T. In trail at base of 1st Big tree 3. T.C.T. In trail - 1/2 way between 1st & 2nd Bay Trees. 4. T.C.T. At base of 2nd Bay Tree 5. T.C.T. East end of 2nd Bay Trees. 6. T.C.T. 30 feet east of 2nd Bay Trees beneath current - in trail. 7. T.C.T. At base of brush-rat nest 60 feet east of 2nd Bay. 8. T.C.T. 90 feet east of 2nd bay tree in fern thicket. 9. T.C.T. At base of brush-rat nest south of trail. Thicket of fern & current. 10. T.C.T. 30 ft east of #9 - same hab. 11. T.C.T. 30 ft. west of 1st elderberry tree on trail - gooseberry & current.

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Amold 1937 Primitive Area, Berkeley, Calif. dec. 21; 12. T.C.T at base of elderberry tree along the north side of trail. 13. T.C.T. 30 ft. east of elderberry tree in thicket of snowberry, Cascara, Fern & gooseberry. 14. Box trip Base of 1st stairs - Willow thicket. 15. T.C.T. 7th step from bottom - 16. Box Trap Top step of 1st group.- Current & Cascara tangle. 17. Box Trap - Brushrat nest in middle of gooseberry & Cascara & Current tangle 18 Box Trap - 14th step from top - 1st group set in path 19. T.C.T. Top of 1st group of steps 20. T.C.T. 30 ft. east of top of stairs at base of cliff. 21. T.C.T. - 60 feet east of top of stairs in current. 22. T.C.T. - In path 30 ft. east of #21 23. T.C.T. - " " " " " " 22 In ferns 24. Box Trap - In path 30 ft. east of #23 25 " " " " " " 24 Gooseberry & Ferns. 26. T.C.T. Trail 30 ft. east of 25- Gooseberry th

Donald 1937 Primitive Area, Berkeley Calif. Dec. 21, 27. Box Trap Gooseberry patch - 30 feet of 26 28. " " East"of " " - Box The following are the mice caught this morning - those marked with # sign are new numbers. Due to not knowing the last serial number I started with #18- #18 - Ad. ♀ Peromyscus truei in trap #13 Ad. ♂ Peromyscus truei in trap 19 - dead # 19 - Ad. ♀ Peromyscus truei in trap 20 # 20 - Ad ♂ Peromyscus truei in trap 21 # 21 - Ad. ♂ Reithrodontmys in trap 22. # 22 - Ad ♂ Reithrodontmys in trap #23 # 24. - Ad ♀ Reithrodontmys in trap 24 I think that the reason for my success on the above line was that I put plenty of food and cotton in every trap. Tonight, however, there will be a lack of food & consequently I will expect a higher mortality.

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Arnold 1937 Primitive area, Berkeley, Calif. Dec.22, I went to the primitive area this morning in the rain. I did not attempt to take very many notes because of the weather. I did notice, however, that the traps contained more dead mice then previously. This is probably due to the fact that there was not enough food in them even though there was enough cotton. The following numbers were marked: #15 Ad. Peromyscus truei gilberti in trap 8 #16 Ad. ♂ Peromyscus truei gilberti in trap 11 * #18 Ad♀ Peromyscus truei ♀. in trap 13. * #20 Ad.♂ Reithrodontrmys - repeat in trap 20. Ad♀ Peromyscus truei dead in trap 15. * #19 Ad♀ Peromyscus truei gilberti - repeat in trap 20. * #13 Ad.♂ Reithrodontrmys repeat in trap 26

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