Field Notebook: Ontario 1912

Doc. 0102 1912 Ontario Book I,

3194 Ontario

doc. 0102 Charles Schuchert Yale University New Haven Connecticut July 21 1912 Manitoulin Trip.

Alice and Albert Schuckert 3737 Bryant Ave, Normand, Ohio [illegible]

Alice and Albert Schuchert 3937 Bryant Ave, Normood, Ohio. Phil. Schuchert 758 Bell st. Pier Hill, Cincinnati, O. Jimm Hutig 1055 Academy Ave Pier Hill, Cincinnati, O. E G Callahan, Mrs Wade 472 Orange st. New Haven, Conn. Mayart Corcoran, 59 Hall M J Williams Manitowaning, Ontario Telegram to Little Current, Manitoulin Island and have it forwarded by phone to Queens Hotel. E J Whittaker at Collingwood up to July 6th.

Truro, July 21-1912, Sunday, Left Belle and Truro at 10.05 A.M. for Montreal and Toronto on the Ocean Limited. The Triassic extends from south Truro to East Mines at the extreme foot of the rise of the land towards the Cobequids. A very thick conglomerate appears about 5 miles to the north of East Mines that I think does belong to the Triassic. It dips to the north at an angle of about 10°. The pieces are gray coarse, angular and ill assorted but bedding is easily discernable. Evidently much of the material came from the Cobequids after they relevation in later Pennsylvanian times. These conglomerates are not over 2 to 3 miles south of Londonderry. Londonderry may be regarded as at the southern foot of the Cobequids. From here northward the land begins to be more rugged and is underlain by Paleozoic. Reddish shales followed beds by thick formation of trowden conglomerate dipping southward!

appear to the north of Londonderry and then have dark hard rocks that are more or less metamorphous. The former are evidently of Carboniferous age laid down after the formation of the Creguists while the metamorphic sedimentaries are of earlier Paleozoic age. I should rather think they are of pre Siluric age, they extend at least to the southern end of the lake on the divide near Ballymote, a few miles further north the granitic core is at hand. Immediately on the north side of the Creguists we see the deep red shales of the Windsor series, and I also thought that some of these shales farther south in the mountains have had been metamorphosed by the igneous intrusions of the mountain core. In this case the Windsor strata extended across the Creguists area either because they were then not in existence or had been folded to a penplan. I should rather think that the Creguists came into existence at the close of the

Away time or at the end of the Grand Series. It is very probable that there are no Devonian strata other than the Lower Devonian (even if there) in the Ctequids. The Ctequids once again rejuvenated just before Pennsylvanian time and again towards the close of this period. Probably again just before Triassic time. Rogersville and what rocks were near Barnaby River, N. B. Lie nearly horizontal. Are they Coal Measures? The roofs are still horizontal at Newcastle. A light yellowish, perhaps a sandstone, rock. Before we get to Bathurst we seem to be upon granite. From this up to one of an old core is in here. The new Brewerfield Coal area comes up to this one. Ten miles north of Bathurst the igneous rock (Hued) is very pronounced. As we go of the Metepedia beyond. Metepedia nine tenues I paid are

concern in bit banks at about 20 to 30 feet above the present water level. As we got up to the head waters of the Matipedia curiously the valley widens out and we sees at least two terraces, one about 10 feet above the river, the other about 30 above the river. This is south of Lac du Saumon. Further north the country seems to widen out still more but it is getting too dense to make out the topography. Could not see how one gets into the Saint Lawrence drainage. This is a picturesque valley and it will be worth the time to stop over sometime at either Campbelltown or Matipedia and talk to the many local farmers live and then Saint Lawrence trains.

Montreal July 22-1912 Monday. Arrived at Montreal at 7.45 A.M. and at 9 o'clock I'm on my way to Toronto. Leaving Montreal on the Grand Trunk we follow the Saint Lawrence and then the shore of Lake Ontario. From Montreal west across the Ottawa and west for about 30 to 40 miles we pass over the very flat country seen or shown to the south of Montreal. The land is as flat as a table and must have been under the glacial lake that united Lake Ontario and Champlain. Before we get to Thousand Islands and then all the way to Kingston we pass through a humpy county, the two humps being of Adirondack Granite and the flats spaces in between being deiled in with the former over of the Saint Lawrence. It is the one of Cuth's Frontenac Terrace. From Kingston east we go below the late terraces and everywhere there is evidence of the former high levels of Lake Ontario.

Set to Toronto at 4.30 P.M. and left in Collingwood at 5.45 when I arrived at 9.30. Williams is at hand and will see him in the morning.

Collingwood July 23-1912, Tuesday. Started out with Williams to see the geology of the "Mountains" the Cuesta back of Collingworth or rather the Lagrange range turns Chavis Drills and thence to about 5 miles east of Collingworth which is on the road front of Collingworth At the level of the crater in the town of Collingwood one sees shaly very light green limestone in which occur Praseolina, Subulata a Fusispira and Homotoma. Here are many other forms but not easily gotten. The horizon is Trenton and apparently Shale black calls the Praseolina or Fusispira zone. I should estimate the horizon to be Middle Trenton. We then drove over a low flat to the foot of the mountain about 2 miles from Collingwood and after going up a few hundred feet began collecting in un- mistakeable Richmond. Collected for few forms. In the middle beds saw Tetradium, Strutho- arena filictepa, S. sulcata, Platystyphus filipeta with one Plicatini in fold, Archidiscus concentrici, Amboychin radiata, A. Casei Taur no R. Capax. Saw O. Sinuata, [illegible], There are considerable beds below this foot

The locality studied to day on the mountain side is locally known as Blue Mountain and is about 5 miles south of Collingwood, Brains Mill is in the same road and is about 2 1/2 miles south of Collingwood. (7) or rather "Hudson Rim" The Richmond (Whittaker) says is 390 foot thick and with the green and red shales above not measured. In a non L area are made out on the road at least 400 feet from where Richmond joins down up to the Clinton = Chipp design. About 200 feet are in the upper Richmondlican green and red beds. The green shales have fossils in thin limestone bands. (Blue shale Richmond (Whittaker) = 390 foot Red-green " " (Williams) = 128 " certainly thicker than this = 518 ")

" (Green) " Cent ave., thicker than this = 518 " )" Initially also are Richmond but the fossils are less diagnostic. (See above) D As we once again into the Richmond the strata become more and more sandy, the hachis- [illegible] dry out, the Byrgon keeps on but the Trapostmatu dry out first leaving the minute forms to continue. Finally we gets into greenish sandy shales of considerable thickness with their characteristic luterine that have minute byrgon, astuerda, Jigospina accusvirrata and Lepiditius like caecijena. See my [illegible] fossils. Then come in a considerable thickness of red-brick-red shales devoid of fossils. All follow these and including them I call as if Richmond age. Then higher follows green sandy shales without fossils that may be from 44 to 5 feet thick. These are probably the introductory beds to the lower luterine of siluric age! At the top the shales change gradually into harder beds and these rapidly give over to say the bedded lithic green, finely granular sand or whome [Later concluded to refer them as Richmond]

"limestone that have a small and depauperate fauna that reminds me of the Orvis fauna. It is probably of Limerian age as the fossils suggest this and there is nothing here that in the least is ? Richmond character. They may well be called the Leptaena rhom. Medalis' b.s. along the road side 10 to [Frogate says one 28 for thick] 11 Feb. Legrand &c found in the road at the top of Blue Mountain. Whittaker writes (Certain are errors) that these beds are ?? far thick, followed by some shales and then the massive dolomite or magnesian limestone making the topmost cresta of the mountains. The made no attempt to see all of this Orvis zone and none at all of the hidden shales. On the roadside in the midst of the Orvis dillutions picked up a ? sandy dolomitic slab [come from] replete with brachio and other fossils all of which remind of the local Onedina fauna collected by me at Hamilton, Ontario. This piece may have come from the shales said to lie above the Orvis. It could not here come from the Orvis and probably not from

the green holes at the base of the Rix. He will probably see this design again. I took about one-half of the slate Late -- it must have come from the green Clinton holes seen or more at [illegible] Left Collingwood at 9,25 P.M. in Oreaford to see the fine Richmondian section 2(1/4)miles east of this town on Borlomans Creek. Coming down the road Williams barometer gave a thickness of at least 400 feet from the base of the Lefttana ohombri- dales beds down to where the Last Rich- mmondian seemed to be in place, however the base cannot be seen here and there is a great cliff to the plain at the base of the mountain The total height from the lake level up to the base of the L. ohombri dalei beds is about 817 feet by barometer. In this thickness we have some Taztm, the Hack Collingwood, [illegible] of them in any and all the rest is Richmondian.

Cheaford, July 24-1912. Wednesday. Started out with Williams to see the Richmondian of Workman's Brook about 2 1/4 miles east of Cheaford (Paul's Hotel). Just where the Railway crosses the brook one has a fine view and good exposures of blue-green shales with an occasional thin limestone band. Whittaker said those beds are Eden but one had no more than picked up a few fossils when one had a Chordilipus Perldiformis, it was loose however. The slabs are beautifully marked with Tucoida and among them saw the clump- tele from hut with an axis about 2 1/4 inches long. Pentagonal crinoids stems are abundant and many fine branching Trigona. Saw a splendid tridbite track while I gave to Williams. We only now proceed up the brook into higher beds. The blue shales continue at least up to the road bridge, there a lot of fossils marked between and over railway bridges. Thickness of beds palest now about 20 feet. The only brachiopods or far seen are Geospira modesta and possibly may be known Refingquira mitella. Plec. Serricena Anningochia radiata and

"Ordibopsis cracentica" at the common frois, [This is probably the Lomariae] At about 220 feet above the railway bridge, one came upon the Catalysens heads gone daring also Struthomena quadrifera and Fasmotus. See our small list of frois. We are still in the Blue shale gone, though there are more then limestone layers than when down.^ This must be Whitakers upper Catalysens gone. 86 feet higher or 306 feet above the bridge the thin redded limestone begins to predominate, there also occur all of the layers are beautifully rippled. Struthomena, Rhipidogona alternata, Embro- radiate with many hyzon predominates here. The strata is still blue. Decided Rippling continues all the way to the next gote^ or at least 30 feet higher. There is also some own-eroceling. Frois are far scarcer and trachy-pots then than Eggeopina modesta are about. 30 feet higher one gets the first evidence of brick red beds interbedded with the blue shales and sandy limestones. Here the red beds are decidedly down-cracked. Then follow alternations of green and red beds, with crinkled clays are more a less rippled and own-cracked and practically down

"[illegible]" Williams only grinds the [word illegible] further and I arise return to hunt for higher Richmondian forms. Casts of salt-hyphus also occur and I believe impressions of scam drup. Williams forms extend 3/4 mile where I left off and get to 128 fath higher than the ruffled zone (includes the 30 fath of left statement) where the mud has continue to rise here at the top in thin laminations he got Gyrophylla neau vintra and small trypora (see the 2 small slabs). All of these 128 fath are red beds with some green shale zones. It is evidently the last of the Richmondian m a very shallow sea flat almost on the land side. Below the ruffled beds the common forms are bygga and Hebrutella sinuata. I see no P. capax, Strep- telasma rusticum or the other only characteristic species of this formation. Later on I found a single form Stepteleism rusticum. On my second visit saw but one more f.

We then proceeded below the railroad bridge to Georgian Bay water level. Thickness of these beds is 140 ft., it is a series of blue shales almost hard limestone bands but that are not animal hygro will crimit stems goes that harden the shale m[ages]. These beds remind much of the Eden at Cincinnati but the forms are in all probability Richmond though they may come down some into the Upper Lorraine. I see no typical Lorraine, as found in Ohio, and certainly no Eden as Whittaker supposes.[I may conclude as we have seen later] The Richmondian gore area is one of the finest sections, made a lens with fossils, that have been in a long while. From the shore level (Georgian Bay) up to the highest part of Holland and Bird exposures, a distance along the windings of the streams of at least 2 1/2 miles, 574 feet of beds are shown accord- ing to barometer reading. Corrected the true thickness is about 510 feet with neither.

the top a bottom all seen (will go nearer. Beginning at the lake shore and all the way up to the railway bridge and beyond for more than one mile through a thickness of not less than 400 fut one remains em- tantly in soft blue shales. In the lower 200 fut there are very few limestone and the fossils are accordingly scarce, I saw nothing that would yield diagnostic in the lower 140 fut but at the railway bridge are for an undoubted Orodolopsis philadi formus which joins these beds to the Richmondian. Undoubtedly the Bryozoa only of the same. In the next 200 fut more than reded limestones appear but the shata are still decidedly dominant in blue shales. In those upper 200 fut fossils are more common, Kieft bryozoa and four Hirabro of which Camptochia radiata and Orodolopsis ementriica are the common forms. One philadiformis always turns up but in reality is as rare fossil. There is also a large Lepidesma and finally a rounded Otenranta (? Pectunculus)

that occurs by the thousands but not one of which shows the hinge character. Brad- fords are very scarce, an occasional Debatella sinuata, more often Rafinesquira alternata and prr Strigmenra sutenta, and partly A. nitens. Very rare Platy- stylia typata. Calymene paymants are very common but always in fragments. Isotelus payments are also often seen. An occasional but fairly good Orthoceras near Q. duceri turns up and exceedingly rare the endoceroph of an Endoceras. Jychopeia modesta initially occurs com- monly throughout but is only rarely seen in good specimens. Fuertids are even present throughout the whole series, c.Lodi. Whittaker got Catageysa erratica= in the first time at mr 175 fut above the base of the serie (i.e above the lake) or at mr 35- fut above the railway bridge which must place the same Gome- note near the wagon road bridge. At about 340 fut above the lake or atmr 200 fut above the railway bridge

we found the second one of C. erraticus and at our 250 ft high a bed with good gastroporta! The Torre Cataggsa beds are ascending to Whittley, its foot apart. This Richmondian fossils also occurs at least 10 ft higher for slabs with Cataggsa were seen at least that much higher. At about 400 ft above the lake the thin bedded limestone begin to be more common and may be one half of the material and entomie to become more prominent throughout this zone of about 30 to 40 ft thick. All of these beds are rippled but becomes more and more marked higher up. The limestones are impure limestone while are of a light blue though the slabs form creather yellowish. With the appearance of rippling the fossils begin to drop out and at the top of the zone are practically absent. With the appearance of rippling sum- cracking appears but is not marked until the first bed beds appear. In this first

[illegible]

[Coll.] red bed I got a small piece of Tetra- decim fibratum, but it could have been crushed then at the time of deposition for it was the only fossil I saw and it was but a small fragment. The Boddam's Brook section comes with 128 feet of green and red shales with their beds of impure limestone, but the red shales dominate. Fossils are practically absent but at the top Williams for some Trigonia. This section is here incomplete and a mere reliable tip. Can be walked not along the road side seen yesterday just miles south of Collingwood. There can be no doubt that all of the Boddam's Brook section is Rict- ommdian and yet nearly all the guide fossils are here absent. I saw none of them yesterday south of Collingwood and yet one have not seen P. Capax. The Richmondian here in the Benjin Bay region will pretty go to me.

700 feet thick [ = Edm, Lmaine and Pick.] Percetant collection for me made along this broth will probably produce 150 species further fossils. This section is on that all equal to the Richmondian of southwestern Ohio. The section along Horthmans Brook in a general way is a duplicate of many brook sections of the Cincinnati area and of the lower Richmondian of the Little Miami country, but here there is far more of limestone than in the Benjamin Bay region. The fauna therefore does not remind as much of Ohio as I had expected. At the southern end of Meaford one gets a good view of the size of the land. It is as follows: Richmond 550 feet Benjamin Bay Level The former lake level & black coal thick sand -175 feet

Craighill July 25th 1912. Thursday. Left Creafield at 9.30 on a mixed train and got to Craighill at 10.45. Stopping at a small farm house run by an old lady. Spent an hour before lunch along the beach to see the Collingwood Hard shale. Found it interbedded with thick solid some- what dark (slightly bituminous) but generally grey limestone. The fauna is more Triassic than Jura in the general sense, along with Osaphus canadiensis occurs what looks like Trinurus feeki. Dalmanella testu- dinaria is the most abundant fossil. A turrid Refingquira is also common. Also saw an Illanus (the common Triassic form) and Prospera.

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After dinner went east 1/4 mile of the station where the Trenton top appears to be. No Collingwood shale appears here at water level. He then went west of the station a little more than 1/2 mile to a small brook up which he crossed. Here at the water level, or rather about 2 feet below the water level is the Tff of the Trenton. On this follows Haed shale 14 miles One bed of limestone about Black shale One limestone Black shale One limestone Black shale One limestone Black shale One limestone Black shale One limestone Black shale One Haed shaley li. transition The above up to major road. Black shale with Q. canadiensis up to 20 feet above lake level (anyrid) Rail road track here.

[illegible]

"As one could not see other outcrops in this town one proceeded on to another one about 1/4 miles north Craigleith. Here at 74 ft above the lake we are still in the typical dark Caulmaeus shales like that of some of the Utica, they are now Triarthrus spinosus Endreous prteiforme, Orthoceras prteiforme and finally a Leptolrbus. A little higher up are set Leptolrbus, ostracda and a diflo- graphtid in abundance but no specimens. At 10 ft below the high tenace in all grumist shales, got Calymene senaria (Triarthrus) Plec. suriceus, dol. testudinaria and Trinucleus coenctricus. This is about 140 ft above the lake level. Downon the edge of the material at this level are at least 20 ft down is unmistakably the blue shale that one saw yesterday in the Lower Richmond, Does this mean that the Utica shades into the Eden and that about 180 to 215 ft of what one called Lower Richmondia is really Eden. If so there should be a break between these Eden shales and the strata with Catagzeza erraticca and Ordodopsin philadipsonis [Later there is no such in the Cincinnati series]."

"We then climbed up the brook to get to the Leptaena rhomboidalis beds but a heavy rain returned us and we had to give it by. Returning to Mrs Johnson's house where we are staying, we came across another small brook, and here we had a clear view of the transition gone from the dark Ditica shales, to the blue shales of the Eden. The Ditica is a dark shale and in the brook breaks out in patches or that the walls recede anywhay. Then follows a zone about 10 feet thick in which there is an alter- nation of red shales with blue shales, followed higher place blue shales which crumple away making a once rounded and more rapidly receding bank. Williams read his barometer here and grades the Ditica above the limestone at lake level about 80 feet thick. I will study these beds again tomorrow while Williams will go to the top of the mountain to get the total thick- ness of the "London River" above the Ditica,

[illegible]

Craigleith July 26-1912 Friday. Started in at the little brook beside the private roadside about 1/4 miles north of Craigleith station. The transition from the darker Helly and harder Utica shales to the crumbling blue shales is as described yesterday. In the dark shales Triarthrus or mirus is always present. In places one finds Leptothyris and the graphites (always the newest trace of a single thin and grey chart species) also occur at the tip. In the blue shales I did not see any fossils today but those given yesterday to fall above the black shale with a single small Triarthrus head and the other prints show that they are present and that there is a complete transition here from the dark Utica to the blue Utica or Eden. They collected fossils in the Collingwood Hael shales and interbedded limestone. All of my material comes from the eighth foot of lowest beds above the Merion, written

wards from the transition beds to the more typical Utica. The most abundant fossil is undoubtedly Basiliscus canadensis, sparingly in the lime- stone but wonderfully prolific but always fragmentary in the Coell shales. But we entire full form specimen in the limestone. The next most abundant fossil is al- monella testudinaris multisecta, and a highly convex Rafinesquina. The latter in the shale is always flat. Ojectambulus gracilis is also common in the lowermost limestone but some granites. One may say that all the brachiopods vanish with the limestone. Platystrophia also occurs but they look more as if a large Jygrospira. Then there is very rarely a Hepatella and probably like the Kentucky Taunton form. Lingula Strongensis is common in the local shales. Leftorulus may also occur here and if so my material will show it. In the shales of other triadites Trionchus feeli is fairly common and here we does not see a trace of T. spinosus or chance-

terotic of the Lepta Hael beds. Calymene Calicephala also occurs rarely and very rare and then one sees a tall piece of Dastelus partly D. platycephalus. Ostru- coda are commonly prolific in the basal Haell shales but in the limestones if they are present I did not see them. Diastroites are very rare and occur only near the base in the Haell shales. Berulves are always present in about three feet. Endrocas or Oithronas are always present. Williams returned at 2 P.M. driving game to the tip of the mountain and Mr Gregg Banks a reality printed out by Whittaker. According to his barometer readings the distance from the top of the Trenton to the base of the Leptaegha abdominalis beds is about 750 ft. This then is the thickness for the shale series of the Ordovician between the Trenton and the Silurian. As the Haell Wica is 80 ft thick this leaves 670 ft

for the blue shales and the Richmondian. Williams states that the green shales beneath the Leptaena beds are here 18 feet thick and rest with sharp demar- cation upon the red shales of the Rich- mmdian. The Leptaena limestone here are about the same thickness as made out 5 miles south of Collingwood, that is about 11 feet. What follows over the Leptaena beds can no more be made out here than at Collingwood. In the basal Chignara magnesian limestone Williams saw crabs of several species but nothing that to him suggested Clinton. Left late in the afternoon for Colling- wood.

Thedford, July 27-1912 Saturday. Williams wanted me to show him over the Hamilton about Thedford-Arlima as he is to be the guide for the Geological Congress here next year. He left Crilington at 6.30 A.M., changed to the main line at Georgetown and arrived at Thedford at 3.45 P.M. Stopping at the Armill House the same hotel Mrs. at m 1895 when collected material for the U.S. National Museum. At Terra Otta which is about ten miles north of Georgetown the land is much exposed and full of clay. There is a tile factory here using a red shale and here and there a thin green band. This red shale forma- tion is at least 100 hundred feet thick and must be more other than the top of the Richmond series. If or this evidence is interesting because it seemingly much correspond with the brick red shales at Hamilton underneath the so-called Clinton-Oneida

fauna, in this event the Leptaena chembridalis beds drop come much further east than the Collingwood area but the shales above with the Rhynchona tyrrhon fauna is the one that repers directly on the brick red shales. It is possible that some of the L. chembridalis beds are present about Terna Otta - Beajectown area or to the north of the latter and perhaps up to Swelft which is considerable short. To the north of the railway station at beajectown there is a celtus forest the trees under which I found some then bedded limestones of the Richmond series. Certain of the red beds are here. Late in the afternoon are collected in the railway cutting about 3/4 mile east of Tredford, O'Hes famous psiliformis cut is no longer good as nearly all of it is passed over. The cut at the Brack bridge is about so feet high. The iron & shale are accorded with to me

"[illegible] the whole Cromata, The next & that may be called The Cladoconus beds [illegible] at or one foot of a grey trigell with then reddue lemon tone the actual home of Athyris vittata. My few of the species seem to fixed a definite horizon but in a general way the greater abundance is as above indicated, see my small Collection of proofs. Called on Professor Kearny the local school teacher who I shot in any former visit here. Also called on Mr. Fuller the farmer here.

Fredford, July 28-1912, Sunday. Did not go out on geologic Friday. Looked up the geologic maps of Grand Manitowlin of 1897. Sheet no 125, 126, see Ann. Rep. Part I of vol. IX (new series) by P. Reel. His generalised section is as follows:--All dip S. about 40 feet to the mile. ? Limestone on N. end of Fitzwilliam Isl. and S.-E. end of Manitowlin, Crasse, springy peg and tuff dolomites. Niagara. Thick & then redder, dark and peg and tuff dol. Clinton. Gray, tuff and purplish arg., li. about 100 feet, followed by red sands at top but only 27 feet thick = "Iron Ore band" Medina. Branting. Hudson River. Blue-gray and dark sands and shales with thin li. and S. At top 30 to 40 feet of gray li. Utica. Black bituminous shale 60 " Trenton--Blueed River, gray li with shale and snails beds. ? Chazy. Chocolate sands with some fine sandstones Total 1412 "

In walking around to the east of Theading this afternoon I was struck with the low relief of the county which is decidedly undulating. The high lands are ridges and the one that runs north and south 3 miles east of Theading is capped by one of limestone not more 5th foot thick. Beneath this limestone come the Hachiford shales and then they are followed by fine unprofitable shale and these by another dense limestone about four feet thick. These shales are not thicker than 30 feet. Below the limestone occur one soft unprofitable blue shale used for brick and tile grading = the Lorne Hamilton Shales. That seen today is all over 15 feet thick.

For Theford literature see Whitelawes, Const. Canadian Pol. I, part 2, 1889. " "I . 5, 1898. Munay, Rep. of Progres 1807, p. 129-182- Chapman, Hist. of Canada 1896.

Redford July 29-1912, Monday. Collected all morning in the brick and Tilo grounds about 3/4 mile north of Redford railway station and St George house. The section here combined with that of the railway cut is as follows:- "Ridge" at railway cut 3/4m. E. of Red. blue limestone weathering into flaky conchae shells, Astarte reticulata gmbl. About 4 feet this Calcareous shales with an abundance of Cladochorus and less of P. mucronatus About 6 feet. Blue shales nophite with Spirifer ornamentos About 8 feet. Blue shales Thickness not seen but probably about 8 feet. Lower coal bed, About 3 feet. One or two feet of dense limestone About 2 feet black bituminous shale with Zeilaphichus limitares About 6 inches Loric Hamilton Brick Clays About 14 feet. Microphyllus decuss in lower foot and large Chondro reticulatum.

In the afternoon left for Arizona on the mail stage. Left at 3.15 and got to Arizona at 5.30 P.M. Stopping at the same hotel was at 17 years ago, The Cliff House Mr. Cliff Proprietor.

Arkona, July 30-1912, Tuesday. Spent the day collecting at Bartlett's Mills now called Marshall's Mills or better Hungry Hollow. Here we have the continued section of the railway cut and the brick yard seen yesterday at Theoford. The height of the hills at the bridge over the Aux Sable river is according to barome- ter 38 feet to the till Cranny. Further down stream about 1/2 mile may be seen higher cliffs of blue shale and limestone trending up to the upper limestone or the Athyris crinitata beds. These cliffs are about 50 feet high here. The section at the bridge is as follows:- = The Encinal Limestone of A. y. blocies tilis Dark blue shales weathering to clay, The lower S. micro metamus beds, 12 feet, Smistite here. Foraminifera shale with Stylorhina, Athyris crinita on L. limitata ?, 15 inches Coal roof 3 feet, has beds and Plant remains Limestone more or less bedded, 20 inches shale clay shale with L. limitata 6 inches dark blue shale - Lower Hamilton 22 feet to river. Long spired S. micro metamus, Thecyrodictes Ctenocarpus, Oeicolas, Smistites, Crinita.

The bulk of the fossils and by far the greater number of species come from the Upper Hamilton or the beds above the Encrinal Limestone, and in fact essentially from the Coral zone. Outside of the Crinoids and the Flens- tellidae most of the species jump up, marvel and get many forms and most of the crinoid held a rather restricted range. While the Stringer Hill or locality is still good collecting ground yet it it is not as good as it was 17 years ago when I first saw the place. I was surprised to see an abun- dance of Styliolina in the Upper Hamilton just above the Coral zone. Here it occurs with Chonetes scitulus, Leirhyssches limitaris and Ostracoda. It is probable that most of the Orbatr- crinus come from the Coral zone. Tapon- crinus from D. mucronatus beds while Astroacantha occur in association

with the Microcycnus beds. Spirifera gamulosa occurs in the Encinal Limestone, almost Kettle Point in what must be the very highest Hamilton formation occurs the Hack Storm shale.

Arizona, July 31-1912. Wednesday. Spent the day in Rock Glen and Guy Dale's again. In the Rock Glen at 24 feet below the Encinal Limestone came upon a bed of open sea Platyceras that infest Arthracantha, The oinnids had all gone into debris but the pedipods were wonderfully prolific. Associated I saw Cyrtina hamiltoni; lamington D. mucronata and Johnchusillus stempensis. The section in Rock Glen is as follows:- Upper layer of water face A. vittata Limestone Thin zone of limestone above the shale Blue shale, D. mucronata gone. Coal gone - 3 feet Coal Limestone, 20 inches Blue soft shale n clay. 24 feet from the Platyceras disappears bed at bottom of Rock Glen, Same shale down to Guy Dale's at dam, About 25 feet.

Left Arizona late in the afternoon in the cloud. Acervularia profunda seems to come in only above the Algea crinita zone. Saw several specimens today above the falls at Red Elm. Mr. Kearney, Principal of Public School and Local collector, May sell his collection; not worth more than $ 75. Just few coins. Anchycrinus fulvus occurs very rarely in the Microcylus zone and at Story Point. Spirifer granulatus in the crinal limestone and at Story Point. Strophodonta doniosa, Pholidomella pneumata also occur in the Microcylus zone. Found me Phillipsastraena veneruli and sent it to Williams. Cryptacrus lortii occurs at Story Point.

"Leafield August 1st 1912, Thursday. Started out in a buggy for Little Point and Honey Point. At Little Point we are in the Hurm Hull Shales with many "kettles" = concretions up to nearly four feet in diameter. There are many of these kettles and all exceed two feet in diameter and sometimes 3 can be seen in a space of ten feet. As a rule known they are irregularly spaced. All that we say lie in the general zone of from 6 to 8 feet thick but then there about are themone has here for an example, a little cliff beside Lake Hurm. These concretions split or weather through the centre when one sees that the core is in a felt with other masses. From this centre core in some struc- ture originates and then a fine radial structure to the outer periphery. This is a hack crystalline growth that Williams dates as the Dawn Kende. Have some pieces from near the periphery. These concretions tend but the strata, and about as much downward as upward. Around the centre of the face the Hack Shale huts up horizontally against the concretion. Saw no

organisms in the certus. The Haell shales are replete with sporangia and when crushed give certain lagsms a slight amber tint, see the specimens. Also for two species of Lingula, and a Lepidodendron. See the specimens. We also saw short pieces of wood that had ten camotes to coal = a hydrocarbon or fatty, of Lepidodendron thus maybe 3 speed or more, the others had marks like this. These Williams has. Along the road large pieces of limestone with sand check are found among the crystalline cratics. These are of Hamilton age and have an abundance of Chonetes oricina (crasse but ferris striate). The other fossils are small Spirifer concinnatus, S. granulosa, Stephen denta papilana, S. intricata small, Cryptacus forthi and justly other fossils. At Otmy Point about 2 miles north of Kettle Point one sees the Hamilton limestone.

that immediately underlies the [illegible]. How far they undules is difficult to tell because between these two places we saw another smaller print showing limestone on a dome, at this place the limestone had cleat and are the same beds we saw loose as blocks among the granite enatics. These I judge to immediately underlie the [illegible]. At Sting Point we are in greenish somewhat shaly limestone that may be 10 feet below the [illegible]. In some ways these beds remind of the Hamilton at Elpina, Michigan. In these greenish beds one sees many regular Hamilton species but none especially Spirifera granulosa, I. anversinatus, Athyris? dent? cmcana, I. demissa, ?Aclidostrophia immanis, Rhypidomella fusplana, Heliothyllum hallei, Cotiphyllum americanum, Ancyrresinus hultrous, and many Finestollidae. A very large tyanus is common. Have 2 pieces. The beds we saw at Sting Point show about 4 to 6 feet. Also saw Phacops rana, Proctus tail,

A. Pilkey A. Pilkey Thedford, Ontario Collects food and Brought a lot for A.J. Promised to collect for me. Write him in detail and warm him up, Write him from Callingwood.

"The question that now should be asked What is the character of the contact between the Huron and Hamilton? While one did not see it today yet I rather suspect the contact is an abrupt one and that a kind interval may have intervened between these two formations or that the Huron change came in suddenly. The Sturgis Point Hamilton should be compared with Onwago to see if the latter has a larger time section. Comparison should also be made with Alpena. The fact that only a little Hamilton occurs in the Hudson Bay county is suggestive that elevation is going on in this middle-northern region changing the paleogeography and bringing in Haast beds from Michigan eastward to Onwago."

Georgetown August 2-1912 Friday. Left the end at 6.50 A.M. for Georgetown where we change cars to go north again to Collingwood, At Limehouse station there are two fenced locomotives interlocked with red shale, Are these Richmond or Medina? [Parts say Medina no. helm, Clintm above] It rained so hard all the morning that we could do nothing at Georget town and could not make use of the time to see the Richmond up- piece about this place. Went on to Toronto and then to Collingwood. Left for Collingwood at 6 P.M. Again at the Globe Hotel.

Clingwood August 3-1912, Saturday. Spent most of the morning in the quarry in northeast Clingwood about ten minutes walk from the Slate Street. Here are exposed about six feet of dark to greenish-gray limestone that at the top are decidedly chalky. It is all limestone, though impure and without true chalk fanning. The fossils are not abundant and get out rare. The commonest species are Dalmanella testudinaria Plec. sericea, Raf. dettriden ? [illegible] The rest are rare. A Terebratula, Fusispira and Bellerophon are other forms. Williams got three Scenidium that may be insignis the last are free lived. Also one Cyclaspis He got one entire Ilacenus americanus and also one of Sorulus with a rounder tail than flatogykalo. In the time being he gave me his fossils with the understanding that I am to send them to Raymond if he wants them. They are packed separately. I thought also saw a tail of Ogyphta caracensis, and a cast of Receptaculites womi.

"The lorigin of these beds is Trenton = Salina or Rhyen Trenton. These beds cannot be at the top of the Trenton for the top is at Craigleith some 5 to 6 mils to the south. How much is about can be calculated from the general dip but I do not know what the thickness is. He then visited a small quarry about half an hours walking to the south of the Globe Hotel or just to the south of the large saw mills south of the Maye factory house. Both of these places and the intermediate one visited on July 23-1912, are in the same general gone i.e. the Tusiopira-Prasipora beds. While at dinner met Foster and Whittaker. Foster will meet us on Thursday at Little Current. Left by steamer for Manitowin. Just north of Owen Sound we see in the hills a little above water level the red Richmond shales. Back of the town

we see what appears The contact between the red Richmond and the "Clinton" in the lighter limestones of the Richmond. The steamer Germario landed at Owen Sound early at 8 P.M. and as there was still some light we walked to the place seen from the steamer about one- half mile east of the landing. The limestone above the red shales is a series of at least 30 ft. of thin-bedded magnesi- dian limestone that we take to be the Leptaena schambideli beds. Here they are about 50 ft. above the lake, while on the mountain top of Clinimood they are nearly 900 ft. above the lake. As the distance is about 58 miles the dip this way is about 16 ft. to the mile. The contact of these limestones with the red shales appeared from the steamer to be as sharp as that seen near Collinwood, [See later August 16 and 17]

"96 to 320 feet. N.E. end of Granitlin Island, sediment Slope part. Depth 1200 ft. Granite Sandstone"

Lake Huron August 4-1912. Sunday. On Georgian Bay. At 7 A.M., we are opposite Cabot Head. All of the Manitoulin's are flat topped islands the beds [illegible] in altitude southward and rising slowly southward in steps to a lower not very marked. At 11 A.M. we are approaching the Canadian north shore. To the south lie the low islands usually less than 100 feet high with a smooth They fade out into water level or about upon the high lands of the north line of vegetation. To the north is the old American high coasted round top land with a scant vegetation among which the conifers are very conspicuous. The mountains rise to over 1200 feet. This north land must have been the area of elevation, elevation at different times. It has faulted but upwardly flexed. All of the Manitou lin's strata must have extended across this elevated land but has since long been washed away. If the north land has been flexed up- ward it seems to me that there must be a change in dip, a steepening of the southward dips. At high noon we are at Kilmarney and the narrow strait through which the steamer.

For the geography and geology of the Kilarney area and the eastern Manitoban Island see map 125 Canadian Geog. Jno., by Bell!

is but a few hundred feet wide. Germanic comes its way, red granite on both sides. To the north rise mountains up to 1150 feet above the lake, as one stream turns Little Carrick over an island like the mouth only I which is rugged pre-Cambrian, while the south side is flat Ireland and of Trenton age. The strata here appear little deformed and to lie in domes with considerably faster dips than farther south- ward. Left for Manitoulin at 3 P.M. Stopping at Queens Hotel. Spend the rest of the afternoon looking over the limestone Richmond in the Manitoulins about one- half mile to the north of the hotel, About 50 feet of limestone with almost no shale goes are to be seen. All of them are crowded by many less for abundance of Stretfulusma or Rectum Paristella stellata, Calocrecia canadensis Orthis insculpta, Q, sinuata and Refinosquilia alternata, Saw or O. subquadrate, Stylomera or Atychostrea, Menticuli fra are abundant and as well Jygrozin Kentuckyensis. There is our trace here of the red and

green shales at the top of the Richmond or well developed at Clinton Wood and to the south east to Hamilton and Niagara Falls. It is probable that these shales were never developed in the Manitoulinis or at least in that their amount was once eroded away. Bell states that the dark of the red Richmondian is seen on Cable Head. There about 30 ft. As I did not see contact between the Richmondian and Clinton the exact nature of these upper rock beds is not yet known to me. [See Aug. 13 more than contact is described. Nor red his here or in Manitoulinis].

Manitowaning, August 5-1912 Monday. Examined in the morning the small dry brook about 1/4 mile south of the village. Began to make the following section at the original grad level, downward going Farm flat limestone to first fence about 30 feet li, with some green shales, due lot of fossils on the farm for foot Faristella stillata are common and up to one for acres. R. capax at the center seen in 3 specimens. Then 6 feet of pure li with almost no shale joins, farm and almost bare of fossils. This level goes to top of first face of brook. Then 6 feet of li. like the last but with Tetra dion. Beatrixen may recur here. fibritum, Faristella stillata and very rarely a R. capax. Makes a water face and a sharp ascent of the farms. Then a pure shale gone with some shaly or impure limestone, the shale predominating. This for four feet. Saw R. capax, Q. sinuata. Makes the general level of farm land. About 11 feet thick. Richmond Our are we upon the conspicuous escarpment and rapid due to lake level. At the top we hear about about of limestone that make the top of the escarpment here are almost no fossils here and those seen

are hard to get. Mostly small Orthoceras. Then 13 1/2 feet of chalky limestone that weather into a nodular limestone. There are many fossils that show no weathering but few can be had that have any value. Syngonina Kentuckensis is common and there are Trivalves and gastropods. Saw no coral other than a single Strophomena adustum. Then came regular bedded li with shale faster down to base line, 28 1/2 feet. These beds became more and more prolificous. Those collected at the bottom are marked zone (3), and those near the top are zone (2). In zone (2) I also a single R. capay and Str. morona filitexta. In zone (3) Orthus insculpta, Strophomena nusta and Fairstella stellata are the most common fossils. Bygnea are also common but all are in slabs. The Richmond seen this morning measures 83 feet and is essentially a limestone - then bedded- slabs with lots little shale. The shale increases in amount towards the bottom and here the fossils are also more common. Orthus insculpta appears to be restricted to the lower 28 feet.

In the afternoon examined the basal Silurian beds back of Manitowaning for about 3/4 mile to the north and about the same distance to the south. Contact with the Richmond cannot be seen here. I rather think this may be about 20 feet more of Richmond above what we saw this morning before the Silurian begins. The "Clinton" makes an exposure—perpendic- ular—here from 25 to justly 50 feet. It consist of thin bedded grey to yellowish fine grained clor- mite without shale partings. All of the fossils are silicious pseudomorphs and as a rule are amy form. In the thin bedded sandstone one gets Farnsite with small corallites, Acervularia Eridiphyllum, Helicilites, Amphitheca plano- convexa (not hemispherica as reported by Dale), Olmonella elephantula, Phisidomella hybida, Orthus new mania, Johnchestella rev nearly a Whitfieldella Orthus davidsoni, Q. flabellulum, Platystrophia fignata, In many places the iron bedded character of these basal Clinton beds is replaced by reef limestone that have a central thickness of from 5 to at least 10 feet. One reef is made up

mainly [illegible], another of bygorn (orang speec the most emblemons of which appear to be Callyptra elephantula), and a third species. However in no case can the joints be once made out for all are indistinguishable in the partly fractured rock and only come out accurately on weathering. The reefs make dunes and are easily distinguished on the grazing farm land? What is the age of these ligitations ? Bell says "Clinton" but there is little to connect it with the New York Clinton. The Gneflotheca planreunrea is suggestive of the "Clinton" = Gredina of Hamilton and Ouelas. The cores known of the exposures seen today are of Siluric character and of course are to be expected in the shaly and sandy Ouedina. It is an early phase of Lilugian - Infrath - an Artic early phase- of which but a very little is to be seen at Toronto Hamilton Niagara Falls. There's still much to be learned in regard to this mantorranig "Clinton"

"Williams has the drill rents of 3 miles "day on Granitroin for petroleum! Top of the "orles are just to the northwst of Granitr- "raning the other one is ten mils farther "northwest. These orils show the Clinton- "grind Haed shale above the Trenton Tr the "here but 20 to 2.2 foot thick, followed "by the Hudson River I not less than "435 feet. All of the drills began in the "Richmond just belor the "Clinton" "Bell gives the Otica as 60 feet thick. Bell Hudson River has 250 feet. "Bell also states that overlying the "Clinton" "there is always 27 feet of red marl. So far "Williams has not found these red beds! "They must occur somewhere as stated "by Bell and as Williams does not find "them where he has studied these contacts "this probably means there is a break in "the section here. If this is proven it "will be a point of much palaeogeographic "importance.

2194 13 Manitowaning August 6 1912 Tuesday. Spent the morning collecting Oligocene corals at Fossil shale about 6 miles to the south of Manitowaning. The corals occur as pseudomorphs, a snow white silica, they lie beneath the vegetation in the woods. They are quite plentiful, especially the compound forms. Eridophyllum occurs in colonies of to several futacres. Favosites farrows of to 16 inch acres. Halysites are fairly common, in small and very large enalites, Dyingforia is not common. Stromboids in two species are fairly common. Cup corals in at least half a dozen species are common-- but good nos impossible to get. Of brachiopods there small Pentamerus Magnus (less than 2 miles long), Orthus Platellulum and Atrypon reticulatum. Otherwise nothing but comminuted crinoid material. These corals occur in the lower part of the Neogene and overlie sort of a grey, crystalline dolomite.

"In the afternoon tried to see contact between the Niagara and Clinton but failed to find the place where Williams had seen it. The Niagara at the supposed base has molds of a Pentamerus near Morgans but with a very curved dorsal valve and without fold or sinus. These holes in the dolomite are very common. The Niagara is a heavy builded grey dolomite, in places gummish, that weathers into thin flakes. In general it is devoid of fossils. Williams states that below these Pentameres he observes the Clinton with Leptoceras planicostatum. We did not see this but still came and far away from the cliff we again saw the fossils like those collected yesterday. One Eridophyllum in the Clinton was at least 30 inches across. The reef character of the limestone was again seen here. Monitwaning Aug 7-1912, Wednesday. Rained all day and remained at Queens Hotel.

Manitowaning August 8 1912 Thursday. Left at 6 A.M on the small steamer Manitowin for Little Current. The land is wet and foggy. About 45 miles east of Little Current the tip of the Trenton is exposed and one can study here the upper 10 feet. It's a thin bedded series of greenish magnesium shale limestone replete with fossils. The preservation however is not the best and much of the rhyniol Calcite is replaced by crystalline calcite. The beds are crowded with R. macrhuscus, Cyrtodonta and an abundance of Trygona. The Crillingford shale overlies the Trenton in the same hills and about 10 feet if it occurs on the raised one hill-side. At inter- vals are the hardier living ones. The fauna is far less prolific here than at Crillingford and an occasional tart of Opssites caradocin. occurs. Mophtitis are far more common and with these are associated Leptalus bps, L (the large form), Lingula arrdentia, Articulidae and Tiarithrus feedi. These shales are not calcic and bituminous here, nor so fine

paired. Due as at Collingwood the Oggotts deposit of the higher beds. In the afternoon had Mr. Turner take us in his launch to the northwestern end of this is Mosquito bay La Cloche island. Here I saw the relation of the Ordovician strata to the Huronian but no actual contact. It is as follows Huronian Quartzite with an occasional shale band. around Black River Limestone Lake level (beneath the Larville) In the lower beds we found here I saw Bonio- ceras anceps, Ormoceras tenuifilum, Climinaria dredatu, Sturmatocerium and Reciflaculite. corvens. Above these beds are some beds of less than 15 feet thick that are Larville like limestone full of Phytopsis tubularum. If these are Larville then what are the lower Black River beds with Crinophania? Williams went around the north end of the island and saw the basal so called Chags deposits. They are red shales with bands of conglomeratic sandstones and derived fossils. They are not of Chags age but go in

"with the Lorraine - Black River series. Some of the fossils are up to an inch in diameter. Over these follows the Lorraine - Black River series, and then the Trenton series, the top of which occurs here at Little Current. Outside of the milk-white Lorraine bed, those that I saw the other magnesian limestones have caused the character of the same deposits seen at Mt Beloit Wisconsin. It seems to me to be the New York series in every way, only that here the limestones are more magnesian and of lighter color. The old Huronian floor was a very irregular one and some of the higher places once and eroded until Utica time. It is partly due to this irregular floor that the Ordovician strata can lie in domes. Where contacts can be seen then the Ordovician strata always dip away from the Huronian wall directions. Posterson Toronto arrived at 5.30 P.M. and Professor Parks and Walder at 9.30. There are now five of us to talk plans for the Geological Campion Excursion. Stopping at Queens Hotel.

Little Current, August 9-19/12. Friday. Stayed here last night to see the fine exposures along the new railroad building from here north to the Canadian Pacific Railway. It rained again during the night and rain this morning. All concluded not to go out. Or are talked out of the Campen trip for next year from Toronto around the lakes to Collingwood. Talking with Forste about the succession of Devonians North and elsewhere I learned this: There is one Chazy here but the '? Chazy' of Bell is the introductory material to the Lorraine or rather a formation of Ulrichs that is older than Lorraine. It does not appear break the succes- sion in then through the Lorraine into the Black River and Tarentum into the Collingwood black shale. This shale joins unbroken into the Hue-Shales which are Eden- and are marked with Orthocella ulrichi. The question now arises is there any Lorraine here and cannot make anomalous because the faunas are not worked out. Or true Cataggya erratica occurs here but a form--possibly a new form--of the C. healdi group, with these occur

"[illegible]" "Pholadiformis" and "[illegible]" concentrica which I understand also occur in the Lorraine of New York associated with Chamdrilaris' and Agosmychin radiata. It would seem that Pholadiformis may occur in the Lorraine or even Edm Only D, which seems certainly to occur in the Fels crits the early forms of C. leedi, The Richmond is a long series and terminates away everywhere in red beds that cover the tip have Richmond byzorga and Rhytonga. It seems as me proceeds east that the red beds become dominant and it is only important that the Lorraine goes over into early Richmond and then once into red beds for which reason one does not see Richmond forms in New York. They are known present at Ottawa and once or at Toronto and marine characters become once and once marked great mound into the Mani- trolins. Richmond forms Forest collected in the immediate vicinity of Three Rivers, Forest concludes that all of the St Lawrence county has Richmond of the

"Anticosti types, all from Ottawa eastward. Toronto to the Manitoulin and southward is of another type - the Ohio type - A third type in the Magurheta, Ont., of the Field Museum has recently collected a considerably interesting and new Richmond type of development with Silurian ex- pression that he is now working up. A good break follows. Over the Richmond comes a series of limestone - thin bedded as a rule - that has the Leptiocella planoconvexa fauna and that is more developed at Manitowaning and Owen Sound. Froste says those beds are 28 feet thick near Collingwood, and of which one saw about 11 feet. Here we did not get L. planoconvexa but Froste has it at Owens Sound. He collected to the north of the City where one is examining them. Parks tells me that in a quarry mine in the lower "Iron bog" back in the key, to the south. A quarry in the "Clinton occurs" crossed out to the east and is known as the Chalme quarry. At Manitowaning the

"Clinton" is said by Rule to be 150 feet thick but this may be decrease. Over the "Clinton" occurs a shale, a red shale that apparently does not occur in the case of Great Orantrulin. This may be genuine Clinton but its age is yet to be proved. This shale Whitaker thought occurs on the top of the mountains at Collingwood beneath the Niagara. He did not see it and based its present line because of a line of springs there. There is perhaps some shale here. Trotte talks of this shale as of Richstun age but this is rather conjecture based on the New York section. No one has yet reported a genuine Clinton back in order here. One common explanation is that the "Clinton" is the limestone facies of the sandstone Orantrulin and that the shales above may be lower Clinton but not the Clinton of the rocks. The Niagara above with its abundant Niagara ends remains or simply if the Louisville Coral out that the Manitrulin age maybe = Louisville.

"Tomsend collected in two weeks at Fossil Hill and Parks has a great Mr. Learned think that I could perfect my set from his. The Cincinnati about Toronto is not exposed in the city but to the left in the Run Dam, where the beds appear all true 'Eden' age and Barlow make, here the typora here of this age. The other locality is to the west of the city, in the valley of the Run Dam. Here the fossils appear all to be Richmond but Barlow has iden- tified Eden types here. Therefore we cannot say as yet that there is no Lorraine here [This is the Lorraine of Clay Cliff] and Drillmans Brook. Foerste says that which is wrong in placing the Cumberland locality in the Black Run. The horizon with Caratrenning occurs here in the middle Trenton. The loc. is on Boat Island.

Collingwood shale on Hurmian quartzite. Near Sheguiandoh, Manitoulin. Sheguiandoh Shales, dip S. dip N. about 30° Shells E. The contact lies 112 feet above the lake and from Collingwood all the way to the lake level. As the C. is not over 60 feet thick this shows how it rises and overrides the Hurmian due to the Monadnock in the sea. On one place that but the shale against the quartzite is full of angular fragments of the latter. Also the material wattled loose are riddled down the slope into the sand of the sea. None of these pieces are rounded or water worn. There is Collingwood shale to the north and to the south of the Huronian quartzite. To the south one does not at once see more than the Collingwood but to the north the Eden soon appears and after about one mile more the Richmond. I would interpret the array of this monadnock as follows:

Spent the afternoon in visiting the Hunnian quartzite monadnock about 9 miles south of Little Current. Going south after leaving the lake first me rises at once to the top of the Trenton and then there is a long flat land for several miles over the Gellingsford shales. Good exposures are now to be seen in the road gutters. The train rises on the road over the Eden shales and along the road side between 60 and 80 feet above the Gellingsford gets a small hill of quartz. The horizon is low Eden or somewhere about 100 feet above low water at cincinnati.

The next rise of the land is, through the upper Eden but got nothing due. Then are read the depths of the n'back and beside it collected other I think from Richmond. The beds are thin bedded limestone decidedly magnesian and have Gyroptera Kentuckyensis, Streptelasma striatum, small Calaprea canadensis (Ray) Stephenson sulcata, D. planumbrina, Catagys leadi etc. See the list of prints.

Little Cument August 10 1912 Saturday. Rained all night and up to 8.30 G.M. Did not start the weather looking too bad. In the afternoon Mr. Turner launched us across the waters to south side of Great Croke island and we then walked about 4 1/2 miles north on the new railroad but did not get traced. The island is almost flat and prac- tically without soil. There is therefore but a small fresh spring in most cases in the joints of the limestone. He began in about Middle Trenton Limestone and probably got down into the top beds of the Bloed Biah. One of the prominent fossils throughout are the beds except the way known is Receptaculites ovoni. In the higher beds we get Sponisceres but probably not anceps as the septa are order of arch. A little lower and as far as one must are get the typical B. anceps. Saw no large Ormoceres nor Clemmeria, Streplasma corniculum scandal thimbley. At about mid distance saw and got Leperditia fatidica associated with Q. vicenaria and Q. petricella. Just how and therefore are passed through.

it is hard to say. According to Bells dip of 40 fut to the mile it could make 160 fut but somehow it does not seem to me more than 50 to 70 fut. All in all the afternoon had little interest because we started out to see the center of the Anchawian with the Shurmin. To see this we should have gone at least three miles further which would have made the afternoon overall at least 14 miles.

"Little Current, August 11-1912. Sunday. As the day is good we have taken the Lotus for the north side of Great Croche Island. Left at 10.10 A.M. We arrive at the south end of Croche Channel beside the railway at 12.30. As we go drift along the channel we are along the east side cutting into the so-called Chazy red shale. To the north sticks out the Hurman ridge against which we run into the Ordovician strata. It is shequindas over again. North Red Chazy Hurman Ridge Ordovica In a small tonning quarry in the railway dam near Croche the channel we see the red chazy and the limestone lito city into the Limestone and here a red shale series with intercalated magnesian limestone. The contact is as follows: [See the fossils from this locality.] Red Chazy Limestone Series. Libb Hurman Donth quartzite (At Onisquit to Harbour we saw the same Li on Aug 8 but then they are not red nor sandy but are heavy tedded clay, Li with Clennanria).

"These limestone strata in the Harrison cliffs are the introductory lime series to the Black River series. The first children Donald and snails out because of the doing nature of decorations but a February 10 and 20 fall. Above come in 12 feet of Lowville the characteristic milky-white birdseye limestone. Some of the beds are dense creamy dull fac- turing limestone interlaid with often flaggy that an oreathing break down into a whole. Had no time to collect fossils but those collected by Forster yesterday are Black River-Trenton forms. Just beneath these beds are still a lot of bygone and Rhynochthoma near incrustations, see any lit. I saw some sun-crookly without transition there rests in the Low- villa a darker granular hard limestone with Colemanaria followed by a series of thin-walled modular limestone separated by shales with the Black River fauna. Of which Forster measured at least 43 feet in the cut 300 feet long when the strata dip at an angle of 10 to 20 degrees (see photos)."

"Lower Black Point Below the red sandy magnesian lime-stones are brick-red oolite, shales with zones of sandstone that become more coarse and conglomeratic (see Williams statements of Thursday). In places these brick red shales are sun-cracked. Collected some fossils here only a sandstone and Parks spirithrea (the once known species). The red beds against the hummian show clearly the effects of contact as the org. li. are here more and more sandy and even conglomeratic as one proceeds toward the Hummian. All the strata seen today are decidedly domed due to the irregular bottom although some of the doming is due to differential settling and subsequent earth movements. When the sea came in there were east and west trending hummian ridges of considerable heights, varying from 10-500 feet or more, even still sticks out on north Clarke Island partly as much as 200 above the chazze (up to 700 today) and still other ridges to the north were then probably nearer height to subsequent elevation some of which certainly remained in special times. Left Little Current at 8.15 P.M. In Manitou - Araming, arrived Lake at about 11 P.M.

Manitowaning Aug 12-1912. Monday, Spent the entire day with Parks, Hallin Foster and Williams at the Clay Cliffs near Cape Smyth on the eastern side of Mani- towaning Island. The lowest beds shown here are the upper beds of the so-called Eden and the question part of the Richmond but not the uppermost Richmond. The height of Clay Cliff is about four 170(1250) and I should judge that at least two of this in 120(150) Richmond. Williams states that the thickness face the beds at Clay Cliff from lake level to the base of the

"[illegible] there are two [illegible] of three zones there are few more here than at Port mains Birth" near Meafod. saw also large P. pericem. From this evidence it would appear that the Eden fauna persists long here and that some of the Richmond fauna appears earlier, In other words that the upper "Eden" is partly of Lonaird time. The Lower Richmond is all covered by the material of the higher beds from near the TD of the cliff which Forester tells me is the Older Saluda fauna. What I collected may be regarded as of Saluda time. The earliest Richmond fauna here Forester regards as and is mainly g[illegible] limestone. I collected me Beatricia undulata in the Saluda zone. The Richmond has a great deal more limestone here than at Meafod. Saw no Q. subquadrata and Forester states that it does not occur in the Granitrolni, The red beds of the Richmond - Queenston appear due out in the Manitrolins. It hardly seems to me that the higher Richmond limestones represent the aged beds in position and time. Rather that they were eroded over.

Manitowaning Aug 13-1912, Tuesday. Examined the Richmond-Clinton contact on the Indian Reservation about 1 1/2 miles East of Manitowaning on the east side of M bay. At a spring beside the roadway are shown about 15 feet of the lower Richmond - a series of thin bedded sandy and shaly somewhat magnesian limestones with many hygroon and these are especially common in the top two feet. Some in one of the lower li they are ostracoda. Thought donald orate out Lep caelifera. Saw no brachiopods. There are some crinoidal chunnals. The all liralve that donald make out other Ambongchia, reared to radiata, and an undet. stenodonta. The 12 feet above the Richmond is more or less eroded and seemed not clear enough out the character of the beds. From what donald see it seemed to be greenish (or rather yellowish) clays partly belonging to the

Spent the afternoon collecting at the "Rocks" back of Graniteraning. (All come from the flat in the Tiff of the Clinton escarp- ment which is about 40 feet above the base of the Limestone. The small celled Farrants is particularly common, the me new Fi jarrons is exceedingly rare. Acerrularia is also rare but the small cup corals are very common. Schuchartella bectum is also very common but me almost is never able to fit me. Rhopidomella lyticida is also very common and Herbertella lite maria is not rare. Foerste got an Ericiphyllum with large corallites that are long and straight, but the small Whitfieldella and only me L. Hemeronyma. The fauna is prac- tically a coral fauna that in places echores or common as to form cups but then the preservation is so bad that me can hardly make out what they are. Parts, Baker and Foerste go away in the morning for Little Current.

"Granitoria, August 14, 1912 Wednesday. Williams and I spent the day at the Clay Cliffs to study the lower beds, the so-called "Eden Beds". The Clay Cliff is probably very 200 feet high with at least 12 feet more of Richmond above, it but tack upon the level of the land. The lower 50 feet or so and it may be 70 feet have no Richmond fossils. Our collecting of the day was in the lower 30 feet of these lower beds of the Clay Cliff which we exposed at about 1/4 mile south of the cliff. We did not see a single diagnostic fossil of the Richmond in these lower 30 feet other than Modisopsis concentrica and M. kalediformis. These beds are particularly common in hiraldoi and especially in BeS- songchia radiata. The only huckshards that are common are Rafirostrum squamula and a large Plec. delicatus. Rarer forms are Heterotilla occidentalis, Dal, nearest to multicosta, and probably Olectrithus phictella. These 30 feet are blue shales with occas- ional beds of ayillaceros limesto that are

"They are in thickness from 2 to 6 miles ruffled and bear fossils other than lony shales are replete with delicate byrsa and fossils. I cannot see how these beds can be Eden or higher Ottawa and they are certainly not Richmond. Perhaps they only turn out to be another those of the Lorraine. By barometer we made out that it is at least 212 feet from the lake to the uppermost flat from which the "Clinton" cliff starts. On springing up the trail at 46 feet above the lake come in a great abundance of large R. alternata but no Richmond fossils occur here. At 70 feet above the lake we get the first Strickmona, dumerisi and Streptelasma affluents. Thereon the first true Richmond. At 126 feet above the lake Columnaria, Tetracrinus and Othmatocervine turn up in abundance, and finally at 212 feet above the lake we are still on the Richmond but it is in all probability not far from the "Clinton" shales beneath the "Clinton" limestones. It would seem that the Eden beds are shales without conspicuous limestone bands, the

consists of Lorraine Shales will occur in less emphatic feds of angular limestone of a light grey and while the Richmond is dominant, a thent-raddul limestone, with genes of shale that become less and less upward in the section. It may be that the red beds of the Collingwood-Orin round area are part of the Manitoulin Islands, if deposited they were worked out before the "Clinton" was apparent. Parks said when he saw these iron clogs near Clay Cliff that it was the Wolverine River from Toronto run again. Manitouaning August 15-1912 Thursday. Got up at 6 A.M. and loaded 4 boxes oforris and shipped them to Redland State Hotel, Collingwood, Left on personano at 10 A.M. with Parks and Walter. DRT to Orin round at 11.30, stopping at Leldon Hotel.

Owen found August 16-1912 Friday. Spent the morning with Parks collecting in a series of small quarries about one mile back of the Selden Hotel in the Clinton on the flat top of the escarpment. The quarries are but 3 blocks away from the Race Track or Fair Grounds. Core material is from the top 10 feet of the “Clinton” as quarried down into the flat land and south of the escarpment seen on August 3-1912. It is a greenish-gray magnesian sand in part dolomitic thin-folled limestone with thin zones of chert. Fossils are very abundant in the upper cherty zones. And so- therean Hunocorrea is the commonest and the most fossil. Orthin Helellites, Schuchetella feeta, Les. Chambrida, Dal. eleganta, P. hybrida are also common. Platysthina bipora and the corals are also rare. Clathrodictyum vesiculatum is very rare. The regular Oredina byrrha of Hamilton Ontario are also here but the Helicopheds do not strike out or abundantly here as there. These beds are the equivalent of the “Clinton” of Manitowning and Ellinwood, Parks says it is the same fauna as at the Fouts of the Credit. At Linhouse the “Oredina” is beneath this “Clinton.”

In the afternoon walked north-east along the nine grade about 1 1/2 miles to the cement mills. Just opposite the mills there is a small brook with shale and fire exposure of the brick-red shales of the Richmond and a sharp contact of the "Clinton" alove. The red shales or Queenstown n exposed to about 60 feet above the nine or lake level and in the nature consists of brick red sandy shales distinctly bedded with but very few harder more sandy beds about one-miles thick in the uppermost 50ft. These red shales at irregular intervals have green or incl to more thick of green shale which become more abundant toward the top of the formation while the terminal 107 feet are entirely green shales. These joints are then green else due to percolating water and originally were brick-red also. In places near the top, the shales are seen like distinct sun cracked, the fissures very small and sandy one 3/8 inch wide, never any fossils of any kind. The "Clinton Limestone" adjoins sharply and without transition lies upon the Queenstown. When unwroughted an heavy hardish crystalline light green limestone

derrid of chalk and freis [sic] other than an abundance of Bathstrophic marlshaps, when oreathmid are flat then bedded yellowish limestones that spread become pure magnesian limestone with a tendency in beds to be dolomite. At the cement mills may be seen about 7 foot of the basal beds of the Clinton. Forty feet beneath 'Clinton' contains (O. sinuata, Ostreoeda (Lacicipina etc) and hygroa. The same bed is exposed 1/4 mile further east where the Cement Mills dig red clay to mix with fresh water sluce marl. They use about 3/4 marl to 1/4 of the Queenstown. Along a level about 10 foot higher than the ford some occur lumps of secondary impure gypsum. I now see that the green shales beneath the 'Clinton' are changed Richmond red shales and must be added to the Richmond and not to the Clinton as I formerly supposed. Where the Cement mills dig red clay then there is no Clinton covering. There then is not more than 30 foot of Queenstown slurry due to the dip in this direction. Collected later in the afternoon again in the Clinton quarries. In the beds just over the Richmond there are practically no fossils. Saw a form Orthoceras and a few 20 cal. elegantula. The most prolificous layers occur from 25 to 30 foot above the Richmond.

Owen Sound August 17th 1912, Saturday. N.E. Georgian Bay. Niagara plain Clinton plain Owen Sound City east Clinton Richmond red clay River Richmond red clay West Owen Sound City Clinton scarp 20-30 feet Clinton flat. Niagara scarp, 50-60 feet. Upper Niagara level, in west Owen Sound. The Niagara escarpment extends not more than 50 to 70 feet and consists of heavy bedded fine- gained dolomite of a light grey color. It is the "white rock" of local quarry men while the Clinton is known to them as the blue rock. There but few recognizable fossils and the cavities are very small. Of fossils

I saw Farroite grithandicus (small and medium crallits), Atypa reticularis, Schuchutella festiva and a Thetherdonta suggesting J. pygllara. There is also considerable Crinoidal matter. Twrights At Wright's flour mill one sees a small exposure of the blue shales in the banks of the small ditch I saw earlier in the morning at Jaynes Fall which is about 1 1/2 miles west of the Redon Hotel. Wrights mill is a few hundred feet east of the turn pike about 1 mile west of the hotel. Fossils are prolific here but the exposures very small. What I saw is mainly thin bedded nodular blue argillaceous limestones separated by shale all of which creaters down into shale. The thin slabs of limestone are replete with brachiopods and hygro and of the same species that occur in the Clinton limestone, only here Androtheca flancemouza appears to be absent, the other brachiopods are more abundant. Especially common is Lep. Thorn-tridali. Steptulasoma is also common but the cuprond ones are rare. These blue shales and limestones of the Clinton are probably not more than 20 feet thick but this I judge to be so from the general topography. The Clinton limestones are probably not more than 30 feet thick.

Left Owen Jornd on the stage at 2 P.M. for Meaford where I get at 6,15 P.M. Eight miles east of Owen Jornd the Turnpile has cut through the Clinton Shales and then appeared to be a fair chance of getting some fossils, although the shales arehe spotted with glacial material. We are changed horses, 1 & ten miles east of O. J. it appeared to me as if the Niagara rested directly on the Richmond. I could not got out to see the limestone which appeared to be rather clearer bedded than the Clinton. Of course it may have been the Clinton after all. The Richmond rests here again the high-red shales. This all Clinton and Niagara for ten miles east of Owen Jornd, the then 10 miles in to Meaford is all on the Richmond a long Cincinnati. Meaford August 18-1912 Sunday It rained hard all last night and there is a drizzle all this morning. Laid low and was lazy.

"In the afternoon walked out along the railway [illegible] From five above the base of the brick up to some undetermined distance continue grit and sedimentary hearl which maybe regarded as the Lorraine shales. Where then is a gradual introduction of argillaceous limestone that gradually becomes thicker and more abundant the higher one gets. Probably 40 feet above the base of the Lorraine the limestones have Ambonychia radiata, Arctidiscus concentricus and only Or. falcadi formis. In physical characters these beds are just like those at Clay Cliff only there are here fewer limestones and the gruelite is far less abundant. I take these beds to be about middle Lorraine and about the same horizon as the one collected in at Clay Cliff. It must be in these beds that Whittaker got "Catalogus erratic" On Sunday, dark and threatening once rain so that drove home to work on the Section Tomorrow,

Cheaford August 19-1912. Monday. Another dark and drizzling morning had started out at 7:30 in the mud for Mottram and Brook. About ¼ mile of the brook from the major-road bridge and about 180 feet above the lake occurs, the first Cetagyna gone. From about 14-½ feet above the lake, occurs the Lorraine division of blue shales introducing more and more then arylia- cerus limestone but in this place do the smooth bedded and slightly ripple l (in upper part) made up more than 7/8 of the thickness. These hills in the limestone have Or. medialis, Or. concentrica and Or. phalaciformis. Also Amblychia radiata and byzgra (see the print). Without break but at once appears at 160 feet above the lake a crystalline limestone filled with very small P. squamula, Lep. sericea (very large) and Cetagyna From this point upwards in the section fruitifarms limestone become more abundant. The club form is general on the Cetagyna limestone OOOOOO There are 3 limestones in about 4 feet and then it is again all blue shales for about 10 feet other another crystalline C. erren in filled with large P. alternata. In the next five feet are 203 arylacerus li, and there

all shales in about 10 fut mine, due me see the same fauna that occur below the Catagoga bed. I can come in shales with many thin limestones for 10 fut and then again to blue shales with almost no limestone. Drill goes on upward the shales pre- dominating by far, and the argillaceous limestone many. One sees no diagnostic Richmond faunna until the second Catagoga zone and here only on this layer. I did not go higher up in the section today. See July 24 for remainder. The lower Catagoga zone and the Virable bed below are the same collected at the Clay Cliff. Here as here the R. alternata come in higher and then continue upward. In Gottmans Brook or far as I can make out there is no sharp introduction of the Richmond fauna and hardly any of this fauna is present until we get to the second Catagoga zone. Even then and most of it is above that bed. The Richmond fauna is near striking, I suppose because now all the strata are blue mud. I do draw line much to the south with the Clay Cliff towards the open marine creatures. On the basis of the barometer measurement of Collingwood mountain which is about 810 fut from the lake level to the base of the

"At Craigleith it is 750 fut from the top of the Trenton to the limestone as there are 50 furlong Li at Cll. one get about the same third run = 800 fut" Lilenic made out the following measurements. Trenton (Climjwood to Craigleith) Est. at 50 fut. Climjwood Haed Shales(Craigleith) 80 " Eder estimated at Longaire (Montomous brook) measured Richmond estimated (Dr. B. & Colling) There is not more than 435 in Montonalis In the Montomous Brook I begin the Lorraine where the first decided Li. appear and with these On. concentrica, and M. Philadelphia. This is about 5 fut above the base of the brook at the railway bridge. Thirty-five above this line occur Calathus variatic and it is about 125 fut to the C. head fed. In are this distance blue shales occupy 90% of the space and about all the rocks occur in or m close connection with the limestone. Bivalves are the commoner fossils, then the Bryozoa, Brachiopoda Gastropoda and Cephalopoda. Of trilobite one always sees Calymene and Distulus pyramis. This Lorraine is the New York one and not the Cincinnati Magnavillian. Really all the limestones are agillacerns, smooth surfaced, once a few piffled and ornate in thickness - thinning and thickening and

in thickness - thinning and thickening and pinching out horizontally. Of the Eden in Godmans Brook one sees out more than about 110 fut from the railway bridge to the lake shore. The thickness of 215 of fut is based on the depth of the Collingwood Mountains less the known thickness of the other formations. It consists 99% of Blue shales and but rarely does one see here an ajillaceous li. Fossils are very scarce and almost all are byzora. There is no break between the Eden and the Lorraine and the latter and the Richmond. The Richmond between Breasford and Collingwood is also a shale formation and at not one-half of it (at least 130 fut) is red a varigated in color. Probably not more than 10% of it is ajillaceous or crystalline limestone. The chief fossils are byzora and trilobes while the brachiopods are compara- tively rare. Corals are almost absent and merely them where seen on Collingwood Mountain. Just beneath the red beds the li. pre- dominate for 30 fut or more.

Why are there more typical Richmond fish at Collingwood than at Creaford? At Clay Cliff they fairly swarm. Does this mean land to the South - in southern Ontario and Lake Erie?

Film IV 1-8 in other book. 9 The Cresta out of Ellingwood, Lorry main, July 23 10 Same from grad one head on 11 Joints in the Juan near Ellingwood The recalled cars. 12 The Michigan Cresta lorry north " Film 5 July 23 - @ Blue holes at RR bridge Eastmans Brook, July 24 Near Base of Richmondia. 30-2-4 Hamilton express at Hungary Strelor = Bartlett Mills. From large li films end led, Higher hole led with 2 or limiters as stylistine. 31.5 The highest cliff at Rock Glen. Coal gone i cante. Higher li (a correction) in by trees. - 6 came as 5 7 Rock Glen. Between a concentration li. 8 Up to Camp Dables to the dam. Film cannot not roll and just spilled along into the others.

Film VI. 1-6 All of the granite country to the east of the Manitowoc River Kilmany, 1 early Kilmany 2 lonely north, 3 lonely work through the narrow strait, 4 lonely cars, 5-6 Dots of M. shore. Film VII. /1 Collingwood in burning. Seguinda Aug 9-1912 /2 Hurman Island M.I. Cloke tel. Aug 11-1912 /3-4 Huronian Red Chazy contact " . /5 Lorville beds above Chazy. Interwelded and thick, Aug 11. /6 Blood River dips N. W. in a cut 1 300 feet for 48 feet shore. Film VIII, /1-6. Views of Kilasny channel going east through it. And a view of Indians in boat on shore. Film IX. /1 Niagara escarpment over Jones Falls, 40-worth it Aug 17 /2 " . over Jones Falls 20 feet cliff " 17

44

49 75/27

Boog Dec.102 July 23 Colliswood 24 Meaford Workhous BnL 25 Craighthy 26 " 27 Thedford 28 " 29 " Brick&Tile 30 Arkona Bartletts Hills 31 " Marshalle Mills " Huggos hollow Aug. 1 Thedford Little Pt Stought 2 Georgetown [about 30 mi W of Toronto] 3 Collingwood quarry 4 Lake Huron Manitoulin Island 5 Manitouaning 6 " Fossil Hill 7 " 8 Little Current [town] 9 " 10 Great Cloche Is [Great La Cloche Is] not Manitoulin Is 11 " 12 Cape Smyth (Manitouaning) Clagcliffs 13 Manitouaning Indian Res. - "Rocks" 14 Capesmith[Cape Smyth] Clagcliffs 15 Owen Sound (city) [not Manitoulin Is] 1 mi E of Selden Hotel.

(5) Jun 13 Mica Ragnac Ecuador Pacuna

flower 16 Owen Sound, City Wrights Mill 19 Owen Sound city 18 Meaford 19 " " Wyman's Brook end doc. 102 begin doc. 103 Book 2 Aug. 20 Collingwood. 21 Limehouse Georgetown Terra Cotta [all about 30 mi W of Toronto] 22 Cataract (40 mi W of Toronto) Forks of the Credit [River] perhaps ppl Inglewood [23 Grimsby out S of Toronto Village Inn 23 Hamilton Mill Well Runnies. Jolly Cat " 24 Toronto Don Valley Brick Yards Valley of The Don River 25 Niagara Falls city-NY 26 " RR cuts coll Tunnel Whirlpool Station

[illegible]

cabot Head Owan Smeal # # Owan Sward [cits] Meaford brook Waubashere callingwood raigleith Sheguiandah Louisville, NY 180 1x5 3/25

STRATIGRAPHIC INVENTORY Tier/Drawer 2.18 Room 2 Age: _Tri _Cre _Cen _Ter _Pag _Neo _Pal _Eoc _Oli _Mio _Pli _Pls _Rec Rock Unit Geography Country Number of Lots (est) Number of Specimens (est) Information Level (A-E) Accno(s) with material _New Locno with material (0-4) _Old Locno with material (0-4) _Priv Locno with material (0-4) _YPM Catno (0-4) _Private Catno (0-4) _Identification to Genus (0-4) _Document Present in Drawer _Loan Slip(s) Preparation Level (A-E) _Trimming Needed (0-4) _Etching Needed (0-4) _Est drs needed after prep Conservation _Pyrite (0-4) _Shale & Shell (0-4) _Glue & Thin Sec (0-4) Taxonomy (.1-1) _Annel An _Crino Cr _Nauti Na _Ammon Am _Crust*3 Ct _Ostra Os _Plant Pl _Aster As _Echin Ec _Porif Po _Verte Ve _Bival Bi _Euryp*2 Eu Scler Sc Lith Li Brach Br Gastr Ga other Bryoz By Trace Tc Bulk Bu Coleo Co Inser*4 In Empty Em Hydroz Hy Monop*1 Mo Document only Do Radiol.Ra Forams Fo INFORMATION LEVEL A. Nos on or contained with specs B. Nos w/ but not on or contain w/ specs C. No nos, but good loc info with specs D. No nos, and scant info with specs E. No nos, and no loc info with specs (0-4) = quarter drawers In taxonomy quantity = tenths of drs PREPARATION LEVEL A. Mostly 100% prepared from matrix B. Partly 100% prepared from matrix C. Mostly prep from mtrx but cud be trmd D. Bulk - no prep, but little waste mtrx E. Bulk - no prep, and much waste mtrx *1 Mono, Poly, Scap *2 Eury, Xiph, Arac *3 other arth *4 Conul, Cdts, Tent, Hy, Slt, Vol

MAN RESERVE La Cloche Lake Evangeline L. MACKINNON MONGOWIN Whitefish Falls Cranberry L. SUDBURY MANITOULIN Solomon Pt. McTavish I. Hog I. Louisia High I. Eastern I. Islands Bay Wells I. Birch Island Cloche Peninsula Birch McGregor Bay McGregor I. 1 INDIAN RESERVE Bourinot I. Amedroz Island Schreiber I. perton d 2 Bears Back East Rous I. Bedford Island West Rous I. 2 Great Cloche Island Helen L. Mackay Pt. Little Current Turner Stony Pt. Skol Bight Mary Pt. Frazer Bay Killerney Badgeley Point L annel PL est Bay tamarack Pt. 400 Sounding .350 Cove Honora 65' 5 BAND HIGH HILL 1120 Rockville Otter L. Green Bay Pine L. Shesguiandah Bay Sheguiandah Hill Beaver I. Haywood I. 40 38 Ten Mile Pt. Mank Pt. Fishing Cove Bold Pt. 2 7 Northwest Burnt I. Big Burnt I. 2 Smith Bay Cape Smith 550 500 Group of Wells 450 Shesguiandah Wekwemikong Hill 905 Turtle L. Phipps Pt. 13 Mantowaning Bay 16' Church Hill Clay Cliff Wekwemikongsing (Indian Village) James Bay Horsburgh Pt. 250 Sandfield Lake Windfall 200 150 100 RVON Rock L. O. White L. Snowville Tehkumman The Slash Benson Pt. Leask B. Leask Pt. Sims B. South Bay Roberte Bay Thomas Bay MANTOULIN 6 Fitzwilliam Island Owen Channel Hungerford Bl. 45 Michael Pt. Walker Pt. 200 150 100 75 50 350 Cartier Michael Bay Poole South Baymouth McGaw Pt. Thomas Pt. Club Island 6 Wall Island Northeast Pt. 82°00' Tamarack Pt. Rabbit I. Magnetic North True North Approximate magnetic declination, 6° Wes -50 Below Sea-level 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 450 DOCUMENT NO. 102 Invertebrate Paleontology Yale Peabody Museum

N E L Belleau L 254'p Solomon Pt. McTavish I. Darch I. Benjamin Hook I. Is' Croker I. Innes Island Main Passage Bour Amedroz Island Logan I. Clapperton Island 2 Second Pt. Courtenay I. Vankoughnet I. 3 4 7 13 Harbour I. Meredith I. 02 South Pt. Julia Pt. Blackstock Pt. Cape Robert 250 300 350 Julia Bay Barrie Island 200 Island BARRIE 4 Truxton B. gwanning Pt. B. Henry I. Ice Lake Gordon Foxey Bayfield Sound 150 Elizabeth Bay Helen Bay 50 Wolsey Lake Evansville 6 BURR Misery Frechette B. Lorne L. Murphy Pt. O SEA-LEVEL MILLS Long Bay Gatacre Pt. Portage Pt. 150 Portage Pt. Marsh L. Brittainville 200 Melville Pt. A Dominion Pt. Square Pt. Lougheed B. Milton Pt. Dean Bay 400 Mutchmore Pt. Providence Pt. 66 Timber Bay Hughson Pt. Jenkins Pt. 500 Clapperton Channel 750 Maple Bluff 849' East Bluff 834' Janet Head 4 Kagawong Francis Pt. West Bay Tamarack Pt. 400 Sounding 350 Cone 250 250 150 Campbell Bd. Carnarvon Mindemoya Lake 6 Mindemoya Grimsthorpe Providence Bay Carter B. Michael B. Michael Pt. 45' 30' 15' MAP 35IA MANITOULIN ISLAND MANITOULIN DISTRICT ONTARIO Scale, 253/4=40 or 1 Inch to 4 Miles Miles Kilometres URON B

LEGEND SILURIAN 7 GUELPH FORMATION: dolomite 6 LOCKPORT FORMATION: dolomite 5 MANITOULIN FORMATION: dolomite. WINGFIELD FORMATION: shale. DYER BAY FORMATION: dolomite. CABOT HEAD FORMATION: shale ORDOVICIAN 4 KAGAWONG FORMATION: dolomitic limestone. WEKWEMIKONGSING FORMATION: shale with limestone interbeds 3 SHEGUIANDAH FORMATION: shale. COLLINGWOOD FORMATION: shale 2 TRENTON GROUP: limestone. BLACK RIVER GROUP: limestone, shale, sandstone PRECAMBRIAN 1 Not subdivided Gravel Road Geological boundary (defined, approximate, assumed) Structure contour on top of Trenton Group (interval 50 feet above and below sea-level) Well (location only) ••••••••••••••••••• Well (show of oil) ••••••••••••••••••• Well (show of gas) ••••••••••••••••••• Well (location uncertain) ••••••••••••••••••• Group of wells ••••••••••••••••••• Well number, referred to in Memoir. 72 Oil spring •••••••••••••••••• SOURCES OF INFORMATION Areal geology and structure contours by M. Y. Williams, 1935. Base-map prepared from published maps of the Department of Mines and Resources. Printed at the office of the Surveyor General and Chief, Hydrographic Service, Ottawa, 1938 N 46°00' P. Detour Channel Above Sea-level SEA-LEVEL Cockburn Island Polama Bay Ros 5 Thompson Pt. Below Sea-level 6 Magoay Boom Pt. 45° INTERNATIONAL BOUNDARY UN 83°30' 45°30' 85° Alberta R. James Rupert R. Moosonee Mistassini R. Mistassini 50° Hearst Nipissing R. Cochrane Amos Quebec L Rouyn ONTARIO Sudbury Manitoulin R. Lake Huron Haliburton Timiskaming North Bay Mont Launier Penbrooke Three Falls Hull C.P.S. Ottawa 85° Scale. 1 Inch to 200 Miles

102 DOCUMENT NO. Invertebrate Paleontology Yale Peabody Museum