Field Notebook: WY, SD 1955

Waage, Karl

1955

Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History

Original Source

Source Material:
Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Contributed by Yale Peabody Museum of Natural History. | www.biodiversitylibrary.org

paleontology stratigraphy fossils Cretaceous Western Interior Seaway ammonoids

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130 Pages

1955 4 IK-2 doc. 467 UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DI-6 APPROVED DECEMBER 1941

K. M. Waage 1955 Notebook #4 doc. 467 Iyuan Kerr study #2 Locality W-12 (Notes on Robinson-Theobald I.K. section (#I.K. 2) — 1. [7+27] Route 116 reconnaissance S. of Sundzurg — 4. Brief of Robinson-Mapel Cabin Creek section — 6. W-13. Cabin Cr. section re-examination — 7. [7+27] W-14 Sturgis section — 17 [7+27] W-15 Rapid City — Skyline sections — 23 W-16 Rapid City — Route U.S. 16 Section — 27 √ W-17 Fuson Canyon section — 32 W-18 Cabin Creek offset in Zerlile quad — 36 NE Zerlile quad with Max & Bob — 42 W-19 Cambria area, Camp Cr. section — 47 W-20 Newcastle area, U.S.85 Newcastle cut — 52 Edgemont area with Garland Gatt (input, cont in Nbkt #5, IK #3) — 56 √ W-21 Type Fall River section — 57. [4636] VP only

Look at Arch Creek - porcellanite? GZlc. Morrison. Possible criteria for M-FL contact. 1. Base cyltc ss 2. Highest czlc. beds 3. Lowest dk gray or crvb clstu beds a. Color b. degree 4. Color, zloize, in clstns. 5. Key beds such as conc. zones, porcellanites.

Locality W-12 [illegible]

W-12 (Ivey-Kerz section of Robinson and Theobald) Part A. In saddle b/w, hill of moss, section and turn to the SE (which has little additional glob Fall River on Sand) Wash 5.0 claystone, red, plastic. 0-1+ conglomerate or coarse to coarse SS., loc. calc. 0.6 white, hazel platy sandstone weathering in white chips & fibres. May be porcellanitic not calc. Has some clear granules. 5.3 claystone, red, softy, hard, green, and yellow mottling at top 10.3 claystone as below but chiefly light green-green, some red mottling at base, yellow in upper part

Locality W-12 M-15

11.3 Siltstone, mod-coarse grv. frozle white to yellowish gray on weathered slopes locally becomes argilliceous in upper part. 9.8 Claystone, sudy and zuill. Siltstone, partially washed covered, Upper 2' is sudy finud clay, vzu, red+green, with coarse to fine grains qtz ocht, upper 0.6 white weath; below some yellow, red+orang stain on gray/white cutcrop. The 0.6 white zone in fine gr lim. SS loc. with some of vzu clay in lenses in it. 2.0-? Shale dlt gray to black- with silt laminae top of local cutcrop.

Part B Fall River - Lataha contact Suzle dk gray, black 2.6 Sandy unviegated clst, grading to ss below. Worth white sumpink (2050' sand grains cht + qtz) 27.5 Szudstone fine gr to coarse & calcite fucible white. Chert + qtz cql weds 4' locally Below this is clzystone, chiefly red, some green in upper 10't but observed in all but spots, goes to purple with green mottling below to about 10' above next sandstone, there is gray with some greenish zones. From base of R&T's lower ss is 12.5 feet clzystone, upper 7 is greenish gray dk then about 1.0 red, then gray with band black about 0.6 above ss. Then SS, hard loc, +2.0 set laterally lenses out. Has pyrite loc. Under this 6't dk gray to black clkeystone, ground to shale at base Then I comes 9' [illegible] wood given to Paleobotany CM. 2005 3.

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limestone interval, consists alternating fine gr IS, + grayish grey to gray clzystone Dinosaur bones are due N. of b2rn, 30° NE bridge t 85' E fence Route 1/6 Reconnaissance - S+E from Crook- Waston Co. line, Fell River exposed in road cuts and sturgeon bluffs could possibly piece complete section here though the bottom contact would have to be dug out contact with Skull Creek in first road bank W of the last (2nd) bridge over Mason Creek. Here bank, tho grassed shows black shale and sandstone contact with, at least 0.6 bentonite, 1dE from base. The lower part of the Skull Creek 4

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fossil loc. is fairly well exposed. At crest of highest knobs with good Skull Creek gulley is float of siltst, fine ss, gray, with lingulzs. No vcnt fus seen at this locality, The Lingula ss is exposed in the last road cut* to the west, North side, where it consists of irreg. interbedded ss & sg, + loc. siltstone, over 5' thick. *(Second bare shale cut N side rd W of Mason Creek.) 5

Robinson - Mzpol - Cabin Cr Section. Base up.- 10+ Redwater 4 sandstone 8 claystone (obs) 2 limestone 18 claystone 5 sandstone, cgl. 56 claystone, sandy zones 1 limestone 34 claystone, some limestone 4 conglomerate 105 claystone, 29-34 above base, cgl. and above this 7' is another thin one. 18 Obscured 35 Massive cgltc SS. 10 sandy shale 4 shale 5 sandstone 7 sandy sh 3 sandstone, limy 20 Obs. 1B sandy sh + SS 5 sandstone 35 1B sandy sh+SS 10+ sandstone 6

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W = 13 Chin Crack section, examination Part A, Measuring down from massive bed which is locally 2nd ss ledge up from the base of the Fell River 2.0+ Sandstone, massive, fine-gr., somewhat micaceous, single bed no obvious structure, weathers buff with some OB stain. Locally with narrow vertical burrows. Contact with beds below locally cross- cutting, irregular. Forms ledge. 3.6 Sandstone fine-gr silty, and sandy siltstone; clayey, with carb.-flecks, grey, weathers light bluish to purplish grey with local yellow stain. Soft, chiefly wash covered, some shaly siltst. inter bedded. SS is chiefly in upper half. 1.2 Siltstone, shaly, and silty shale, with some thin beds siltstone, grey, flaky to blocky, clayey, carb flecks, weathers rusty to yellow grey. 0.5+ Sandstone, fine gr., laminated, ferruginous. Commonly single to shoiving ledge. 7

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0.7 Shale, gray khive becoming black below, fissile, silty. 3.5 Sandstone, fine-gr., loc. silty massive, weathers gray white with yellowish stain, caps ledge but upper part commonly under wash. 7.7 Sandstone, thin bedded, to tabular, cross-laminated, all fine-gr. some shelly ss (zygos + sh pustings in upper 1/2 which is locally shelving ledge, then bedded. Top ss layer ferromanus as are some others in upper 1.5. Lower 3' more loc. massive tabular x-lam becoming silty in lower part + grading to unit below. SS has cobb frags locally, Ripple marks & worm-tracked bedding planes common upper part. 1.9 Interlaminated, siltstone and/or finer sandst. and black shale. Locally laminize irregular, worm-worked. 1.9 Shale, hard at top of gray, with abundant plant frags. Fe stain loc. & some Fe cones with clay centers. 8

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Fall River - Lakota contact 4,3 Claystone, silty, minor claysilt at top. Lightgray. Fe specs on fresh surface, weather bright orange- yellow. Massive, becomes less silty downward. 1,0 Claystone, gray mottled red, some yellow stain. 1,7 Claystone, as above but gray with yellow stain, Fe specs throughout, which are dirty gray to yellow. Becoming silty downward + graded to unit below 5,8 Siltstone, massive, clayey at top, with Fe specs through out, light gray to white, with yellow stain. Lower rift here 2,8 Siltstone, friable gray-white, local clayey lenses and few inch+ beds harder siltst. 2,0 Siltstone as above with interbeds of fine gr silt ss which are stained yellow. These ss beds increase in number & thickness downward till in lower 1/0 the switch.

(Offset here to E on to SS below ) Part B 34.0 Sandstone, variable in character but chiefly fine-med qr, with local stringers cht+qtzt cgl in basal 5-10ft. Massive to thinly bedded-cross bedded, weathers gray-white, yellow stain to red or locally irreg red stain. Some interc sandy, clasty loc in x-bedded. 3.0 Obscured by slump + wash, base of SS above in this interval. 10.5 Partially obscured. Slump and wash on claystone, dark gray at least in upper part, which crops in mud-cracked patches, Lower 1/2 completely obscured. 4.3 Weathered light gray claystone, some scathard coarse grains qtz and chert. Becomes dk gray in lower 0.4ft. Some yellow and OB stain. Polished pebbles 1.0 Sandstone, clzyy, coarse & conglomeratic, and sandy claystone, gray weather gray-white + yellow. Grains + gravules cht+qtz + fragments (or interstitial) white porcellante in upper 0.3. 10

2.5 Clays tone, gray to dark gray, with scattered chert granules. Becomes sandy in lower part 12.0 Sandstone, med-coarse & calcic with interstitial gray clays tone, and clays tone sandy to conglomeratic Chieflly 2 sand with zones Clays tone. Chl+qtz granules, occ. polished pebbles. Chieflly = yellow gray, weathrs gray white. 2.6 Clays tone, light gray, greenish cast with scattered grains & pelletal granules of qtz + cht. selenite xls. 7.9 Clays tone, mottled, red, red-gray, gray + purple. Has scattered chert + qtzite med-coarse grains thruout. 7.9 Sandstone, fine to med qr, interst.day conglomeratic with scattered chert and quartz granules. Gray, weathrs white. 4.0 Clays tone, gray green, scattered cht + qtz grains in upper part, very few in lower.

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10.6 Chystone, chiefly red + purple red with focal green mottling. Upper 3' variable red+green, below this red which has scattered mid-course chert quartz. Some bright green + yellow mottling in lower 1/2. 12.8 Chystone, red with minor green mottling. Scattered mid-course grains of chert + quartz throughout. 1ft bed of green 1.5 to 2.5 above base 15.6 Szudstone, fine-grained, some inter stitial clay. Begins as sandy green gray chystone and grades in upper 2' to ss, with some interstitial clay, then to uncousal sand. Gray, weathes, with yellow mottled stain. Contains granules and small pebbles of chert and quartz. At base is hard calcic bed on 3' which crops locally as ledge. Is limey. 12

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6.7 Sandstone, as above, with some sandy clay stone in upper 2 ft., fine to med. clean to slightly clayey SS below with progressively more & coarser cht & qtz grenules downward. Base1/ 0.4 to 9.8 indurated somewhat, is coarsely clayc SS, calcaceous. 3.3 Sandstone, clayey (calc.), and cht sandy clzystone. Grey weather grey white. Scattered cht & qtz grenules. Zone sandy to clayc is coarse 1' from top and = ledge sandy clayc is at base, weather brown & white, is 0.8 to 1.20 thick. (Sample 1) 19.9 Sandstone, as above, some partly indurated lzyous some with clayey matrix all calcaceous. 2 or 3 zones small hard sandy to cql. is coarse and several clayc zones, including indurated base1 and 13

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All calt stuff clt + qtz in grzvu to small pebble size. Brszl cal thickens locally to 3.5 upper 1'5 is brown crchth, & locally has abundant carbonized plant frgs. 6.1 Clzystone, szndy & cleya Sndstone. Few scattered cht + cltzt grznucls. All clczrvous. Grzy to clrk grzy in middle pzrt, lighter qrey near brsa. Part C. - Approx section from bszc Morvcsch Headlevelling up from yellowish grey Sndstone talcn as brszl Morscsch. This is underlain by gray shale with czlc. concs, chalk in clozt. In the yellow ss - profh. 2't off top 2t most. Approx thickness is 4't but this only top of it - or within it 24.5 Clzystone, varing szld, chiefly obscured. czlc. 2.5+ Sndstone ledge, plzty lm. czlc. 14

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265 66.0 Claystone, variegated, green grays predominate in lower 26. feet, with some red beds. Upper 40 feet chiefly hues of red, minor green beds. Throught its cztc and hzs numerous lenses & beds f limestone, zones mudlur- limestone & some ls septaria 14.5 15.0 Szudstone, clayey & study claystone, gray, weaths yellowish gray, cztc. Chiefly ss in upper part becoming clayey downward hzs thin red bed at top within which thick lenses (up to 2.0) of calc, aB weathering is some in zlang strikes put this in 65 6.1 Claystone of part B comes next. Note - in next gulley W, porcellanite layer 8.7 feet above first red bed 15

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W-14 Sturgis section Pect A (Copper Rd cut) 23.0 Sandstone, massive cross-lam, to irreg thin-bedded + cross bedded, fine-med gr. Weatherous brown. carb frags. 4.0 Interbedded, siltstone, shale and sandstone. Upper 1.3 is white. weathy studdy siltstone with local thin beds sandstone Then 0.7 - 1.0 + dk gray shale with carb fragments. basal 2.0 + is silty white ss grading to ss, chiefly massive except at base where it becomes platy and grades into unit below. 3.0 Sandstone, thin bedded, fine gr, locally has 1.0 massive bed at top. Weathers gray br to OB. Forms shelving ledges. Lower 1.0 has interbeds of gray silty sh + siltst. carb frags 0.8 Shstone, gray, loc. shaly, soft. 17

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2.9 Siltstone, thin bedded, finely laminated, gray + white siltstone Locally some thin beds fine gr silty ss intercalated. Dk gray laminae two shaly have ocky matter, weathers gray 1.5 Siltstone, lzm. dk + light as above, plant fragments, loc'l study; differs from above in being more massively bedded. Plant frags in lower pt. (In next cut down this is f.gr. ss locally) 1.9 Siltstone, massive in lower part, somewhat shaly in upper. Dk gray to black locally carbonaceous. locally = 0.9 Shaly gray siltst. corb frags., crumbly 0.6 Hard dk-gray-bk siltstone, plant rootlets + frags 0.4 As above but crumbly, locally somewhat clayey, Fall River - Lzkota contact. (Part B) 4.6 Siltstone, gray, ferruginous, with Fe specs, weathers bright orange- yellow, grading down ward thru silty claystone to 18

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gray claystone. Crop weathers yellow & white. Upper foot of siltstone heavily stained with Fe concentrated in thin layers. Locally hard siltstone lenses occur in in this upper ft. Are massive, vertical fault. 8,3 Claystone, silty, gray mottled + stained red, yellow & brown. Has Fe specs. Loc. silty zones and few lenses near base siltstone. Selenite common assoc silty beds. Some conc. Fe in blobs. 8,0+ covered interval to top massive ss w of road. Part c Top of ledge w of road between exposure of contact above & exposure of massive lzkate down hill. 6,0+ Interbedded VZV. gray with red silty clsto and fine-gr. sandstone. In basal part ss in beds to 1,0+. Upper 2.5

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chiefly platy thin SS and siltstone. Rests on massive SS unit below and occupies lower 6' of 8' obscured interval base of Part B. Part D. Big haznuts SS in E side roadcut. c 62.0+ Sandstone, massive, cliff-forming break 22-25 feet above base separates a lower coarse-grained loc. cyclic SS from upper medium-grained. About 0.2 of light gray silty claystone in break, greenish cast red at base. Upper part has a few thin shelly siltstone petings between massive ledges. Whole unit weathers brown, some black stain on upper part. contact knife edge. B 219 Claystone, frigmental, gray to light gray. Upperd 0.6 to 1.0 is hazd light gray silty and contains large logs. (Sample 1 = spec. fossil wood) (Sample 2 = grey claystone) 20

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Beneath logs clzystone softer and not generally silty. Has local cozy partings. A 13.0 - ? Clzystone, dirty quartz & lizch- silty, with interbeds of fine gr light gr Fe stained (O) ss up to 0.6 thick. Sandy interbeds: zwc lenticular do not hold constant position in outcrop face. Lower half of interval exposed also shows some interlaminating of sandy, this is ivvcc a 12mm to course to thin beds. Slope wash and slump Part E At next cut downhill brsrl 7'± of unit above shows resting on a gray-white-weathering unconsolidated sand. Thickness of interval A of part D estimated at 27.0 ± on basis of carrying a liquidic zone across to part E. This isn't out more than 5' one way or the other. Base of Unit A, Pt D, measuring down 22,7 Sandsand, mid-grained, unconsolidated, with interbeds green-gray clzystone 21

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up to 0.6, chiefly in lower half. Some zones clayey s5, which weathers light gray, yellow cast, some Fe yellow & orange stain.

M-R [illegible]

5.0 + Variable zone between SS units. Above & below. Chiefly a rough zone, made up of coarse call sand lenses cht + qtz pellets, Med gr ss lenses, Caltc claystone with ss pebbles + cht + qtz, and thruout many rounded pebbles & cobbles of clsty & sandy clsty. Locally channel base of unit above cuts it out. Best exposed at end cut where it is light grey sandy clstn cal in soft ss matrix with border lenses cht + qtz pcb, Cal + SS. Locally some bedded clstu but most is in fragments. Polished pebbles found in piece scattered sparsely through this zone. 11.0 + Sandstone, massive x-lam to x-bedded, med-coarse, calcic top with lenses & stringers cht + qtz. Minor clstu in small frays grain size. Scat coarse grazins & granules thruout worth butt to bdr Base of cut. 24

53 14 212 53 74

Just to NE of cut Part A, slope with ledge fine grs ss at base, From top this ss handleveling up. 37' thm ss pavement light gray wash for in cracks_ red wash This may be basal Lzft or only px - cant see anything under it. Above thm ss are red var beds and unknown interval to ss of base Part 2; Below & just..E radio tower ss outcrop, pool. Siano ze part A though no medial cal & ss is chiefly finegr, E pleky -5ft s. cista + such cista+ss Tzbuzr ss. From plzky ss handleveling up, it is 77 feet to massive thin lypr ss capping point at monument to newspaper woman. Upper half or more this interval chiefly light gray claysfone & massive 25

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light gray siltstone, but upper 10' t dk [illegible] gray with red v2v[redacted] zone at top. Sandstone capping this thickness northward 6-? massive, brown weth. Above it more cl[illegible] to Fall River contact, which is exposed just S of dinosaur statues. Approx section [illegible]~ / Typical thinbedded fall River massive clst gray to dk gray ss dk clsta, white-red zone at top white silt clstu, some sandy loess ss v2v v2v -?-? -2- ss? unk?

5.34 212 35 24.7

W-16 Rapid City Route 16 section Starting in bzsc Gulch S of US16 just sw Rapid. 9.1-? sandstone, massive, fine to medium graded, tabular X lam weather brown. 5.5 Partly obscured, upper 2-3 feet Interbedded gray sandy clay stone & leusec & thin beds, SS. Some qyp in upper thins, which locally has much yellow stain 4.2 Claystone, gray, silty to sandy 24.7 Claystone, gray silty, loc. claysen siltstone, vary red, brown and yellow, upper 3.0 is stained yellow & orange, is lighter gray, weather white with yellow & orange stain. Fe specs pepper entire variegated zone, decrease in number downward. 27

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1.3+ siltstone, massive, fine gr., buff weath. loc. silty, c Zob particles 1.3 siltstone, gray, massive 11.4 Interbedded gray to black shale and silty shale, and thin beds of siltstone and fine grained ss, top 3.0 chiefly black, blocky shale becoming silty in lower part. Weathery 2.5 Siltstone, cross bedded, few ss layers, locally sandy at top forms ledge locally. Weath litho gray 5.9 Interbedded gray to dk gray silty sh + clstn + thin beds laminated fine gr ss + siltstone, some Fe brown stains, weaths gray brown 1.9 Siltstone, chiefly massive light gray, c Zob flecks. Has bed: dk-gray shaly siltst. c Zob frags in middle part. Grades to units above + below. 28

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D 2,0 Sandstone, thin-bedded, fine gr wathous buff to yellowish gray, forms platy ledge too merging with lssse overly 18.5 where latter is massive. Worm trails < 20,0t Interbedded siltstone and fine grained sandstone, laminated, thin-bedded, worm trails & burrows. A variable unit which goes laterally both to shaly siltst. a shale with thin ss beds and to dominantly ss, though latter mostly in upper 10' while lower part varies relatively soft & silty. B 5,0 Siltstone, shaley, gray, some thin leases sandstone & sandy siltstone chiefly in b2s2l 2 feet. A 4,6 Sandstone in massive beds, laminated to x-1m with some thin inter beds shaly gray siltstone. Laterally this channel sand unit lenses out into shaly siltst. (see part B) but to W it appears to thicken to local lens massive ss 15' or more 29

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thick. Part B From top unit C Part A measuring up in gully about 50' to N of Part A. D 5.3 Siltstone, shelly, minor silty shale. Some thin beds fine-gr ss in basal 2 ft, and upper 1.5. C 7.3 Siltstone as below with thin interbeds (unclear) fine-gr. sandstone which caroonally Fe impreg + weathers OR. Unit weathers yellow grey. B 11.0 Siltstone, shelly grey in lower 9' becoming massive in upper 2, weathers yellow grey some yellow-orange stain. A 2.0+ Fe impreg sandstone ledge. Part C Offset 75'+ to N, starking base SS ledge correlating with 210 ledge for Part B. 30

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B 12.8 Siltstone, chiefly fine grn. thin bedded, with interbeds gray to dk gray shly siltst SS is 12m, to x-12m, has Fe impreg lzyeous locally, commonly at b250. and where thin sand lzyeous in the shly silt. Locally SS thins + intercal chiefly shly slope thin SS beds. A 3.0 Siltstone, shly, gray to dk gray, interbeds, thin, at time gr SS. Partially obs. Grass Roots Road cut of U.S. 16- shows variation of A, B, C units in part B, with the B siltstone unit at base and silty beds above. Locally however lateral change makes it look as though Fall River contact is near top of cut. B unit of part B in road cut is is white weathered, hezily stained with yellow/red, has x-beds thin Fe impreg. SS. and is capped by a shale with carb remains, giving a black on light gray vzricaged contact. No Fe specks in beds below this 'contact.' 31

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W-17 Fuson Canyon Part A Headscaling up type, from top sandstone beginning pt. B. Approx - 5.5+ wash covered slope float of red + yellow clstn in upper part. 5.0+ covered to base platy white wash ss of next unit, 6.5 + Sandstone, fine gr, low text/low rip wkd with rip lowing weathering to add bedding patterns. Interlocks shelly ss, micaceous. Has covered intert near top. 410+ Sandstone continuous with below but massive, x lown to irreg tabular med gr, mic. weather light gray. 18,0 + Covered to base of ss capping dip slope (Ozarks Ozark)

1 purple sk M-11 Enzon Caudon

37.-2 Sandstone, massive, x-12m. locally tabular x-12m, heavily Fe stained OB to red brown some black. Diamond joint jointing weathers to Jagged ledge, fine+med.gr Gravel wash on dip slope of cuesta Part B Creek bed measuring down from ss at base part A. 16.02 Sandstone in massive x-low to low, beds + lenses ~1ft thick with some interbeds shelly siltstone. Top bed is 2 footer. Bedding surf. loc rip mxd + worm tracked. Grades to underlying unit, Fine gr-med, micaceous Part C Wood Canyon, face showing numerous ss beds This is the "type" of Denton. At this locality the "Fusion" has thin bed SS right up to base massive "Dzkotz", from base of platy ledge Part B. Contact prob at base SS. All stuff exposed beneath platy SS is 33

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gray clstn veu red washing + yellow stain. Section starts at top massive ss ledge, part of which prol, includes about 12' section B as only 4' of interbedded ss on top this ledge till veu,clstn 49.0 Sandstone, med. qr, massive x-lam becoming tabular lam in upper part. Weathes bn to O.B. Base[?] not obs. maybe be soft 4.2 Cozuse fo conglomeratic ss. cht + qftzt grains + gravules chiefly veu cozuse ss, few gravules. 24.4 Sandstone, fine qr, silty zucl siltstone. Massive ledge loclly [illegible] from 4' below top. Hzs 0.7 Fe stone czp. Lzn + x-lam hzs ss beds in FGB. Middle 6 to 10' chiefly, messive fine qr ss, Base[?] 4.0+ hzs interbeds gray shly siltst. locl contant. 34

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26.0t Sandstone, chiefly mud qr. thinly fbclzr (0.2-1.10) cross lzm, 0.2-0.4 Fb stone cep and another red Fe stone bznd 3 to 4' from top Lower 6.0 contains coarse qr, Izcmza + fvgmtns whlte Silty clstn, Bszl 1-2' Fb Impreg, loclly conc. 15.0t Clzystne silty + elzgy siltst, grey wzth yellow at top to whlte wzth siltier, hwdor- at bzse. qrdes to unit below 7.0 to 10.0 Chocky, hrd whlte seltstone and szady siltstone. upper 6' purpld wotlmg grade down whlte + massive), lower 4' purplish Wbass qr scattered loc., loczl fozg montcl zones, some chartic. at top. WJP pzls lo sep by yelgr clstn 9.8 Siltstone, and silty clzystne chiefly with subcrnch frcture, locl massive siltstu beds, purplish red Fetbzeite coxcs near bzse 6.5 Siltstone, massive, few clzystn ptugs, wzths grgy purple some yellow stain Fet bzuire coxcs at top Stream wash 35

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W-18 Carlile quad. Morrison section SW of W-13. Cebu Cr. section. goning up Rodwater sh. Dh gray fissile sh, sandy at top, with white wash, fine gr - spheunite is. conc. about 5' from top 12.5 Sandstone, fine qr. gray X-12m + X bedded at base grades to shale below, becoming yellow upward, Chiefly a slope of sandy yellow wash with some ledges platy thin-bedded SS. yellow ss is fine gr. with interstitial lime. Wash covered intervzl btw. gray+yellow ss chiefly shaly gray laminated Sandy siltstone at top is 0.3 bed hard calc. SS. 4.6 Interbedded siltstone and silty claystone + shale with some thin sandy zones + laminated whole is calcareous. At base structure is laminated and this continues to base 36

thin, sandy, limestone, 0.8 from top. Above this it is a gray Clay. Chystone. 1.0+ Limestone, massive, spheralitic light gray, weathers gray white, some brown stain 8.4 Chystone, v2u. gray to greenish gray and red, silty calcareous Thin limestone as in above but pink stain, about 3.0 from base. At top is 0.2 to 0.4 of gray green, silty, platy limest. And lime siltstn. weathers light gray green, x-1cm, loc. has ripple mks. 10.8 Claystone, calcareous, var. red and green. 2.8 Sandstone, calcareous, to sandy limestone, lower 1.3 loc. Sandy, 1zm. cZc siltstn. to fine ss. Upper part chiefly massive, x-1cm, to irreg thin bedded ss & cZtc cZc ss. Includes patches course ss grains minor 37

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chert + qtzte gravels, bone frequently shell frags and cley pellets; worths brown but has light grey green color on fresh brooks. Lower part worths light green grey, some brown stain. Relatio massive to laminated chiefly locl, all 12m. but top more cohesive, 1.2 Siltstone + silty clay stone, calcereous slily, some hard bods, light grey, grey, grades to ss below, loc, 12m, fissile. 14.6 Claystone, calcereous, var. grey-green and red, Zone smzl (3/4" - 1") calcereous nodules from 3.2 to 10 ft from bese. 4.6 Claystone, calcereous, chiefly grey, some green czt, with thin beds nodulze is, and scattered is. nodules. 38

41.5 Claystone, red + yellow view cllczercous 2.5 Nodular limestone in greeny grey czlc claystone, locally forms crumbly block on bare slope. Some mottled red in upper + lower parts, greyish and olive + blue on tho lime nods hzuc shru upper formam zltion 5.6 Claystone, clczercous, chiefly red, with 1.5 green czlc claystone containing limestone nodules at top. 2.2 Claystone, czlc., chiefly red, some yellow + gray mottling. small 5.8 Claystone, czlc, scattered limestone nodules; gray in lower 3.1 to dark grey, some red mottling in lower 2.0. and light green in upper 1.5. Continuous with unit above. 39

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7.0 Chrys tone, nonchlorous, very gray, dark gray & green gray, upper 2'0'' ligh gray green, ocuzander chiefly clt purple gray, some fawn, some graca mottling at base. 8.3 Chystone, nonchlorous, gray to clark gray. 4.3 covered zone, weth of ss & cal 2' base cliff. 48.0 Szadstone med to coarse, with louses of ckt & q's pobblo cal in lower 20' upper 8'-10', med gr, forzble somewhat slibly, iruvy thin bed x bed. Lower 40't massive x-lum lenticular ss & cal. up At top or upper 2't, becomes silty & grades into a massive gray white silts tone which in turn goes into a silty cleystone. The siltstn caps bench back from point where section was measured. Following bench back to N. joins 40

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higher knob capped by brown wash sandstone and quartzite. 62.5 ft brn var clst siltstr cista with cht granulcs qtztc ss Goomie + cht granulcs specks in float massive clay SS 45' above top brq SS is 3' bed forming local benchy, zoned coarse gr bed. Above this brown to reddish clsty. Below it gray cista + sandy cista with cht & qty grains & granulcs locally, *3 sand separated by only a few feet sandy shale from # 2. is more consistently than yelloc but locally it too gets massive - may locally coalesce with # 2. Top seems consistantly platy. Overlain by good varr clay Sh.

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Northeastern Carlile Quad. with Max Bergendahl and Bob Davis. Fall River - here consistently 3 sandstone units with dk gray shale interval between #1 and #2, ascending. #1 is thin bedded chiefly, rarely becomes massive. Distance above contact with Fuson-Lzkote series. Shale between it and #2 dk gray with selenite. No obvious thin SS beds + Max didn't mention any. #2 is the most prominent, most consistently massive tho it may have thin-bedded parts. Max pointed out calcaceous, round, concretions in it, formed by CaCO3 impreg. in spherical form. Also some thin lenses CaCO3 sandstone in base,-convex downward where I saw them. Max has found no cgl in the Fall River, consistently # fine-grained, commonly micaceous. #3 sand separated by only a few feet sandy shale from #2, is more commonly thin bedded but locally it too gets massive - may locally coalesce with #2. Top seems consistently platy. Overlain by good Skull Creek Sh.

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Fall River-Lakota contact. Seen at A, B, D, and the Carlie Mine road cut. At B, considerable, +15' shale between chert to Fe specked var. clstn and the 1st Fall River SS. At A, a thin grey SS with plant frags is at base Fall River & sits on light grey clayey silts fine, then comes var zone. At D. a good break from grey,carb specked, silty clstn to light grey then var yell. + red. Fe specked clstn. At the Carlie Mine the contact zone very atypical and good break in lith. not evident. Here there is much chub. meltae, including liq. sh. in the interval between the 1st Fall River SS and highest Lakota. Should get section of this. Fuson-Lakota unit: In this area the Lakota is consistently sandy & clayc. A lower massive clayc SS is commonly a cliff former but passes locally, in part, into uncousd. grevelly sand. Above it is locally (viz Black Gulch & Carlie mine) a clstn interval with some SS layers, then an upper massive SS. (Izter#- 43

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carries the uranium at the Carlie Mine) Locally one of the sands in the clstn interval thickens and it grows those above and below to form a single unit of sandstone est. by Max and Bob to be at least 150 to 165 ft. locally. This happens in Black Gulch, lower half in the SE¼ sec. 34, T. 52 N., R. 66 W. Also is clstn zone above Top Lkote SS but not certain how much. Unconsolidated clayey & sandy gravels common feature of Lkote in this zone, and they contain polished pebbles as elsewhere. The top SS is above these, the lower, larger SS is both below and at least in part equiv. to them. Locally lower SS has brecc with soft beds – usually fairly coarse or gravely (See loc. A for good section of coarse lower beds – and on up into Fall River but top SS small or absent) Most unusual feature is the consistency of thick cyltc sandst. in this zone. Cgl at very base typified by abundance black chert pebbles 44

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Lakote-Morrison contact.- As in other nearby sections the basal Morrison cll locally sits on dark gray non-cllc. claystone which grades downward into clle. green + red ver. clle. claystone without the slightest sign of a break in sedimentation. This change studied closely at W-18 (see p. 36 this ntbk), where the clle-nonclle change takes place in an inch of greenish gray +gray claystone. Some banding of slt. green + gray is present but both occur on either side of change so that the color break between green (or ver red+ green) + gray does not correspond to the change from clle to nonclle. Consequently in this area 3 choices for placing this contact. 1) at clle- nonclle break [See the cylc ls + clle claystone in W-13 cabin creek- to illustrate worthlessness of this criterion] 2) at color change in claystone [illogical on grounds that it is obviously a gradation + that Morrison elsewhere has gray+dk-gray clystone in it] 3) at base massive cylc ss. [only logical break locally] 45

but here again can be shown that this ss goes out completely to SE. see W-12 leaving no obvious basis for similar separation in other dress. Advised Max to lump Fuson & Lzkate, pot Morrison contact at base of his massive L/k, cgl. ss. His # 1 Fall River is near enough to contact just below to serve as base in mapping.

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W-19 Cambrian sections A. Camp Creek, Starting dense roof SS over cave adit E of cv. 1.2 Sandstone, med gr., massive weathers OB. 0.5 Liquid shale, weathers blue grey 0.1 Shale, brittle, brown grey, weathers white, probably porcellanite, plant frags 0.7 Lignite, impure shale 4.3 Sandstone, thick beds, med gr. friable saggry SS weth buff + yellow grey 0.6 Liquid shale +/- Liquite 8.5 Sandstone, fine gr, massive x-low. weaths grey white with yellow stain. 47

0.4\u207a lignitic shrt lignite 18.3 Sandstone, debuton, x lam locally massive . . .ry fine to med qr, top stained dk brown with roots -Weath. yellow gray to OB. 1.1 Sandstone slzly, fine qr lam, dk gray with many plant frags 1.8 Siltstone, massive, light gray weaths white yellow stain 2.1 Siltstone and sandy siltstone friable, partially obscured, 2.2 Quartzite, very fine grained massive, vert. erect, gray weaths OB stain Seno bed offset 200 ft N. 2.5 Quartzite - see above 3.0 Sandstone, fine qr, massive

in thick beds structurals hard, continuous with quartzite below and locally qztic wcths yellow grey 1.7 Clzstano, black-alk qzy) shaly, locally mroe of z shale, wcths light brownish grey. 52.0 Szdsfwr, tzbwgr X 12m, to massive x-12cm med to course + finely egl( wcths grey + gray white with yellow stain. coarsest egl stringers in middle part. Isolated polished pebble 2\1/2" long clzzy, found in course ss 26' from base. goes to med+fine with local course zones in upper 6'. Contact with ledge above shows some interbedding of ss types, locally some platy ss just at or under contact. More polished pebbles at contact with ss above 49

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41.02 Sandstone, mod to coars- quined with foot very coarse to calite ss at base, Forms massive lodge vertical face. 5.0+ Partially obscured, At base is 1'+ platy micaceous siltstn t shale, weathers white, grades up into light gray, white weather clsten. Gets platy ss in upper part. 49.0+ Sandstone, med qr, tubular x 12m, forms shelving upper slope above cliff former below but locally joins lower one on cliff face, weathers both to yellow gray. 26.0 wash covered interval, some dark gray white some red wash in lower part 31.8 Sandstone tubular x 12m, to massive, yellow gray some red, med qr.

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Top of fluv on dnvies Neither the Fell River nor Morrison contacts can be distinguished with certainty at this locality. The section definitely begins above the Morrison, but the interval under the upper 31.8 ss may include Fell River contact, or may be in Lzhotz. Need more sections in Cumbria tver to tie in.

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W-20 Newcastle sections A- U.S. 85 roadcut thru Mowry & Newcastle beginning in Mowry. 5.9 Sandstone, fine-gr, hard, in thick massive beds, weathers yellow grey, to brown. 1.5 Siltstone with interbeds silty shale and local lenticular beds of fine grass. Siltst is laminated has thin ss beds loc., becomes silky downwzrd, lower 0.5 is chiefly grey silty shale silt lzmzna. 1.3 Shale, grey, silty, micaceous contain lzminze & thng beds silt. (Sample 1) 6.9 Bentonite +/or bentonitic sh, light green at top, grey green to blue green in lower 5', some blue grey, light. (Sample 2) 52

1.4 Shely, black, carbonaceous, Silty, locally grading to chrb silty siltst. 1.0 Sndstone, fine-grained, loci silty, and siltstone, gray to light gray, irreg. bedded, wefing, light brownish gray some Fc brwon on bedding surfaces. Has soft chrb fuzgs. 4.8 Irreg. interbedded dk gray to black silty shale, siltstone and minor light gray finegr ss. aeub fuzgs aboundzat thruout. Shely siltstona is dominant. Lower 1' t is a light gray shely siltst. 5.6 Sandstone, fine gr, tabular hard, in beds 0.4 to 2.0 with some shely siltstone partngs showing worm tracks + dinosaur foot prints? 0.8 Shely dk gray silty, interlam, and thinly interbedded with siltstone. 53

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0.6 Clzystone, gray, with 0.1 to 0.2 white porcelinite at base. 1.7-3.5 Silty, black, carbonaceous becoming silty at base, Thickens up dip at expense of SS below and thin porcelinite comes in 1.7 from base, beneath it dk gray siltst. grading to gray. 5.5-3.0 Szudstone, tabular to massive x-1cm, hard., weather light-gray 2.8 Clzystone, light gray, finely silty, blocky to splintery fracture, (sample 3) 15.5 Sandstone, fine-gr, in irreg leaves, loc. 1cm. to irreg thin bedded, some massive x-1cm blocks weather, shelvy gray ledge Hzs interbeds silty SS and gray siltstone 1.7 Szudstone, fine gr., soft, 14 thin beds with 1cm + thin beds of black (2)k SG, 54

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8.0 Chyystone grading to siltstone, upper 2' is cisty, slightly silty at base with dk gray zone at top, rest gray. Then graded thru gray silty chyystone to clayey siltstone, basal 0.7 is dark gray hard sandy siltstone 2.6 Sandstone, single massive ledge of fine gr ss with czvb forgs throught. 4.4 Seltstone, inter laminated + thin bedded with dark gray silty shelan Some vacy lamt bedding due in part to warm working. Czob forqs, 4.8 Sandstone, platy to thin bedded with czvb laminze and shaly partings. Chiefly fine gs locally salty. Fault Plane 55

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Edgemont area with Garland Gotl (Thursday Aug. 4) See Edgemont NE S.Dak. 71/2 sheet, for localities noted below. (with packet of maps on Inyan Kere study) Fall River: Variable succession chiefly because of local thick channel ssnds in upper part. At Loc. A. which is just of map, can see upper FR ss., then dominantly cleyey succession and another ss just above creek. Cleyey beds include a vericolored zone- chiefly red, which is in semcapprox. position in relation to upper FR ss as that at Rapid City znd, possibly, that in road cuts of Wyo III across N. Beavlodges in Crook Co. This zone should be fairly persrstant if it is a good genetic change. Worth checking its relative position in Devils Tower area. In Red Canyon Cr. cut an excellent exposure of channel ss coming in abruptly in upper part of cleyey zone and truncating the vericolored cleys. Cuts them out abruptly to W. Garland [cont. Nthk 5(55), IK#3, p.]

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W-21 Fall River Valley, 5 mi. S. Hot Springs S.D. Evan's quarry on W wall where river cuts into thick massive SS. If quarry face is in type then Fall River is not what we are taking it as. This should be cleared up. Skull Creek-(in part) (22) 3.0-? Shale, black to oth gray selenitic, some Fe soucs 1.5 from base (21) 2.5 Shale, black clay, some very fine 1em silt with gyp, possibly thin bentonite locally?, in upper 1" lowe 1.0 is thin parcalzinite scztt gyps Fe spongy cones at top silt zone (20) 7.8 Shale, oth gray to black fissile 2f top and base with more greyish weth. siltier zone 1.0-2.0 wide 2.15 to 3.0 from top. Sample A - vertebrazs, from this siltier zone (6436) VP only (19) 4.7 Shale Oth gray to black fissile 57

Faro of cct app power housy 10+ 20 Is cone zone top 24' unit Toll Rubo M-51

18 7.4 Shale, chiefly as above somewhat salty in upper 1.5 + 17 10.0 Shale, as above, zone 0.4+ gray flint limestr. concs at top. Same salt, fr. stained lst concs at about 5' from top. Shale, as above, zone 0.3 + conc. limestone at top. Shale is saltier than above. 16 24.0 Shale, as above, questionable interval, may be 10'+ short due to slump. Loc irreg ls loose 3.8' from top. 15 3.8. Silty sh + sh. Upper 0.5 ferrog, shale local fester concs. Then about 1.5 blk sh, then 1.3 tough block clay with it red & rusty striae, latter ? silty zone.

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(14) 2.2, Shzlo blchy silty in lower half with silt stained pink Fall River contact (13) 2.0 Interbedded siltstone + silty sh. Juvey body light gray sandy siltst + fine grss, upper few red stainel), pbngs gray fissile shzly (12) Unit 4 { (12A) 4.8 Sxudstone, thin bedded) fine qy, loc x bedded, rippled loc, some fowm bedding trails, beds to 7.0 (12B) 14.8 19.6 Sxudstone as above, more massive beds, up to 6.0+ loc. Wetzles. brown to bkth Bzszl bed trvacrtes bedding of thin bedded unit below. Offset to broad area of big SS outcrop forming Falls in Fall R. - On face E river from Powerhouse N, the Unit A thing some what, lower massive part becomes thin bedded, rip what am tracked. 59

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11 6.0+ Siltstone, laminated with bl. shale plugs, in thin beds, light gray-white, with some irreg interbeds ss mupper part. Weathering gray with red & yellow stain, lower 1/2+ chiefly fragr /em siltstu. This unit goes sandy 1/2, with thin Fe impreg x bedded SSu. 10 26.0+ Szyclstone over bedded- x bedded x lean, brown weathering-med. Fe impreg cap on upper 2 inches +. Some gray shaly silt plugs & red stain on bedding. Weathering buff to brown. Some shale interc. in irreg bzsse, also izyous coarse ss at bzsa & some cley pellets Note- upper foot of ss is med-coarse 9 10.0 Czystone, light gray to dk gray & greenish gray local purple mottling.. Locally silty, common 60

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silty base grading to siltst. below. Laterally variable, yellow stain below mid th band - spherulite 8 6.7 Siltstone, upper 0.9 a bed sandy crab silt, rust massive crumbly, loc. crab, plant frags + much pyrite throughout. Upper 1/2 worths dark gray to black, lower fasten O to V + brown. Locally SS2.0 comes in under black 4.2 - 2nd beds, below loose stain eve brownish some pink gray at base - 7 4.2 Sandstone even bedded massive to lzu, finegr weaths brn, loc Fe stain, 1 6 4.0 Siltstone with 1.0+ silty ss to massive sand siltst. in middle part. Gray loc clayey upper with Fe specks giving purple to pink crest lower is gray claystone. 5 6.2 Sandstone, even bedded to thin bedded, some Festam bedding, micaceous. 61

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(4) 3.0 S4le, silty gray to brownish gray thin ss intervals. Upper 1.5 chiefly ply ss sh ptg. (3) 0.2-0.6 Coz, liquidic (2) 0.-0.4 czrb hzd siltstn & silty clsty ss in local thin lenses. basal contact may be here or within 5.5 below. (1) 5.5 Silty claystone + clayey siltstone. Clayey shouu greding to siltstn below long czrb frags (rootlets) thru out upper 1/2, is gray becoming red in mid part + gray zt base again locally. Few Fe specs some parts but not widespread. Dip 61/2o 49.0t Sandsstone, massive, fine med. gr., basal 1' some thin beds with shaly ss ^2.0 Siltstone -dtk-gray, loc shaly, to siltyey siltstone. 62

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3.0 - ? Sandsione, fine gr, brownworth grades to siltstone, greys, as above Looks to me like solution to type Fall River & its relation to the disconformity I've been making its basal contact will have to await more detailed study & mapping of the area around tho type. 63

In Colo. more def. evidence that similar channel deposits, while post "Fuson" equiv (little) such even pre Fall River equiv. Question than is which break more slight in change from one genetic unit to other. Gzvlzuds interp. has channel Fall River because its post- Fuson. Fall River Fuson - white Mountain (Fus)

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