Field Notebook: Texas 1924, 1925

doc. 0133 If found by anyone please send to Professor Charles Shuckert Peabody Museum Yale University Jan. 1920-1926 3776 Trip to Texas. see map 560 3820 Apr. 3-Apr. 13, 1926 Glace Mt., TX ? dates on either end. Grant Blanchard

doc. 0133 New Haven, Conn. Dec 31/1925 Thursday Got up and before having breakfast packed up the two suite cases, and then to the club for cornmeal toast and coffee. Got $2.50 and then the railroad ticket to Austin, Texas with sleeping service to New Orleans; cost $82 1/2 Set to Pierrody Avenue by 10:30 and found here Ruudemann, Seldring and Bucher. At 12.15 P.M. Clinton took me in his Ford to my rooms, and then to the railway, where I checked the large suite case. The train was 15 minutes late so I got started at 1:10 P.M. The day is fine and sunny. At the depot I again met Ruudemann and Seldring. On Hell Gate bridge into Brooklyn we had a great view of the gate, New York City and East River. Retired early, about 8.30 just as we were getting into Baltimore.

Enroute to New Orleans, Jan 1-1926 Friday Stopped at Lexington Pa., and had breakfast before one got to Salisbury N.C. The day is bright but the temperature is deliriously freezing. Fine service in the Southern dinner. By four in the evening we are in Atlanta, Ga. Travel southward is not yet decided, but the card men are on the train and the public is warned of them by Pullman. New Orleans, La., Jan 2, 1926. Saturday. Got here early this morning and on time, 7:20. Then transferred to S.P.R.R., checked my baggage and then saw again the quaint, but dirty and sadly in need of repair town. At 10:30 I went off in a St. Charles out-of-met-ered car to see the city, and as I have never seen it before. We went about five miles S.W. on St. Charles street and came to the river levee, then to Lake Pontchartrain and back to the city via The Creole quarters, the descendants of the White French and Spanish. Got back at me hotel. Then bought three histories and read a little in them at the Hotel Montellone in Royal and Sherille st.

3776 At 9.15 I am off on the Southern Pacific, having lown over in can go. Will get to Houston at 8.30 tomorrow morning. Sunday enroute to Austin, Jan 3-1926. Got to Houston on time; the day is dark and all nature is quiet. Had breakfast at the station and at 9.15 A.M. I am off for Austin. Doctor Blesocrell formerly of Yale and of the Univ. of Texas is also on his way to Austin and we spend the six hours together talking about college things. He now teaches Spanish instead of German. The Univ. of Texas has 3000 students in Spanish. I have taken a room in the new The Austin Hotel and I am thinking of making this my home during the next ten weeks. Blesocrell said I would have no trouble in talking all sorts about evolution, only I should not turn down religion and speak against the little. He thinks I should give a lecture on the evolution of man.

Austin, Monday Jan. 4-1926 Set up at the usual hour and was at Lellard's office before nine; he had not yet arrived. When he came we talked on the situation, and at eleven Professor Dimonds arrived. It was agreed [illegible] give the lectures between 7 and 9 P.M. on Tuesdays, Wednesdays and Thursdays. The three laboratory hours each week I will have to arrange with the students eatern. Professor Dimonds has a fine office on the second story of the entire city and the Capitol building. In the adjacent room is the Depart. mental Library and on the same floor the Paleontological Laboratory. So I will make this my headquarters. Then Professor Dimonds introduced me to President Hylam, a pleasant man of about threescore, and a graduate student of Hadley's, was Professor of Economics and Chief of Rail- roading. It was soon my appearance that I am to be capitalized for all I can write the University and especially the Geological Dep. That needs a crucial to show the natural resources of the state and to know all the

Dear Rep. Sam I've been interviewed often by the Press and here is my "chance" to bring out the conduful geology of Texas and its resources, all with the ulterior purpose that he will then can use it to raise either among himself or for the Legislature to appropriate one million dollars for a museum building, equipment, ships and fellowships. I'm sure all Sam but Sam thinks that [illegible] is trying to make his $100 investment in me eventually worth one million dollars, good heavens if it all turns out as he thinks! It appears they have fair facilities to do some work, but as far as I have not seen other forms they have to illustrate the guide forms of the many formations.

Austin, Tuesday, Jan 5-1926 was interviewed by the press this afternoon, by Mr. Hornaday. His interview was all through the application of geology towards the natural resources of the state. He knows ab- solutely nothing of geology and when I used to words

Thursday, Jan 14-1926. I have now given six lectures in my course on Stratigraphy. At each one I have from 30 to 60 men and women. As far as I can learn all are well pleased. Most of the evenings I go to the University via the hills and back to the Austin Hotel via Lellards or Simons car. Latterly Paul Leach who is a subsurface geologist with the Humphreys Co. at Houston takes me in his fine Chrysler to the lecture.

Lording of the Austin Quadrangle I see are marked E. thmp Austin, and then on the Colorado river at Montopolis. To Delralle and across Onim Creek to the first graded rise across the road. The Huff faces Onim Creek that soon joins into Colorado River, The Huff is known as East Base and is a triangulation station. The horizon is Forest Nararro, and has Ezogza cotata and air E. ponderosa = Taylor.

Friday Jan. 15-1926. Today Paul Leashore at 11.30 took me in his car to see some fossil collecting ground. We drove southeast on the Upper Cretaceous along the south side of the Colorado River and at 11 miles from Austin we turned in to the bank of the San Saba which is an exposure of about 35 to 260 feet of the Chisos formation, the base of the Cretaceous. It is all a soft blue clay with no sand rocks although some thin green seams that evidently have more lime than usual. The only fossils that we see readily are Exogyra (12 species) that in about half the cases have thick valves. Found loose in the streambed are large Trifonia and a piece of a radiolite like shell. In the muck lying gone there was an abundance of small things, mostly Hirales with worm tubes of Hamites. The sea bottom was then a soft mud bottom, and I failed to see to what the Exogyra were attached; all appeared to have been tumbled about from their places of attachment, and this took place at any time of life. Just what this very muddy Upper Cretaceous means in regard to the shore and land I cannot make out. I must look into the matter with Lellards.

"Then left East Base and passed Sanfield and Elyzium to Caldwell's gate. Then across the farm north downstream to a bend in the Colorado River east of the boundary between Travis and Bostrop counties. Dry Creek enters in a little further down stream, see Bostrop Quadrangle. (one half mile) This Sandra call this loc one-half mile above the mouth of Dry Creek and 3 1/2 to 4 miles down-stream from Deerfield, Colorado River. At me the Venericardia bella bed is a "dark gray sandy Clay", and at me this "a quite similar bed characterized by the great abundance of the coral Flatellum conideum Daughan." Here Sandra has 6 Trams, 1 Coral, at least - pelecypods, and 16 gastropods. "The Midway Silery contact probably occurs near telur" means down-stream. So my fossils come from distant Midway.

We then ventured about 7 miles further S.E. across Upper Cretaceous farm lands when there was a little rise in the country, making the basal Chidway - Erone. There was a perceptible dip over and on these sandy beds that had an abundance of large flint concretions. Another mile S.E. brought us to the gate of J. O. Caldwell's farm, and then it was 2 or 3 miles to the N.N.W. to the fossiliferous Bridgway. What one saw here was less than 10 feet of Bridgway are highly fossiliferous. Below in 5-6 feet to river level was Greenish - Haed clay soft caly reflect with Venericardia in small nests and large aggregations (those about one foot thick) that occasionally made a hardened layer (took one large lump). Most of the shells are double valved and far more the impression that they occur in their original habitus and probably held in place by a tireous. With these saw almost nothing else. Above the Venericardia bed in a very fine grained flavonite gneiss which one saw not more than 5 feet, and one collecting was out of the central gneiss. Here seem many kinds of gastropods and smaller bivalves along with several species of cup brachials. The clay was so wet and soft that I do not if

Then out to the highway and J.E. to the road going to Marks Ferry across the Colorado River. It was on the Hemphill Prairie that we got the myotus, some hens, chicks I fear above the base of the Dilcox. In the evening J. G. Beede called to see me. We talked about Texas geology.

my fossils will preserve on the way to sale. Foraminifera (Nodosaria up to 3/8 mil long) are common. What should be done here is to get out the plan. Scrite in blocks and covered with plastic and cloth, and then cleaned at home. When this is done I am sure from 50 to 100 species will be the result. It is said to be the finest Midway place for fossils, then are started out to the highway and crossed 2 miles farther S.E. to a road that goes N. Along this road one goes less than 2 miles to banks of a very thick Steeled and long tealed Ostraca. They make banks from a few feet maybe to ones 10 to 20 feet thick in the Dilamp formation. This is Q. Tacey Sandrea. In the morning had a long talk with one of my Joke students Clifton M. Keeler about some good Comanchian collecting in the Edwards near Cerro- point. On land of J.L. Keith, one mile east of Entepoint, Kerr Co., on old San Antonio Trail. The best collecting is in the banks of Verde Creek and Guadalupe River. Keith can take care of us for nights.

According to Hill and Vaughans Flier (Austin Quadrangle) all that we saw is Blenroe formation - all the way from Mt. Bonnel down to Bull Creek. These are Parocystis pruniformis Gray. The Requienia fol is low down in the Blenroe.

Sunday Jan 17 - 1926. In the afternoon Paul T. Leashaer took me in his car northeast towards Mt. Bonnell beside the Colorado River. We began to collect about 8 miles south of Austin in the Comanchian, may be in the Walnut Clay, high up on the cliffs facing the river. Here are got a fair total and about 18 specimens of a little regular echini, and one Hlee type - like irregular echini. Further down the long descent of the road, may be 25 to 30 furlongs down, are got more totalies and in a then gone a lot of calcareous algae reminding of Paserulus. Also one Hlee typus. Then down the cliffs to the level of Bull Creek There another little new groups Mr. This is about 1 1/4 miles above the mouth of Bull Creek into the Colorado River. This so in the Glenrose formation, Here we saw a gone less than me foot thick composed of Articulina. Here also reign the Paserulus like algae. Notably can than 10 feet down down are collected Reguenda that made a gone 6 to 20 inches thick. The Glenrose here is an alternation of soft and hard limestone; the joints come in the softer goes.

BOOSTS CROP PROSPECTS Snow of Jan. 23-24-1926. Ranks of Snow-Men Appear As Austin Celebrates 25-Year Record Fall. Old and young in Austin continued a winter frolic Sunday as the heaviest snow of history in this section of the state melted under the sun's rays which appeared from behind grey clouds Sunday forenoon for the first time in over 36 hours. The record breaking snow which began falling at 6 o'clock Saturday morning continued steadily through Sunday night and until 9:30 o'clock Sunday morning making a continuous fall of over 24 hours and spreading a six inch cover of white over the city and surrounding country. According to old-time residents nothing comparable to this blizzard had ever been seen here. Youthful residents of the university district and the downtown section revelled in the heaviest snow seen here and the first real snow of the year, and seized the opportunity for winter sports, although their equipment was hastily improvised, several sleds were seen on hills of the city. Saturday morning traffic had changed the partially covering the streets and filling gutters. The principal sport of the morning was snow-balling automobiles and pedestrians, and both in the university district and downtown, of making hundreds of "snow-men." Downtown Battle Ground. The corner of Seventh and Congress avenue became a snow-ball battle ground about 10:30 o'clock Sunday morning when groups gathered on opposite sides of the street and pelting passing automobiles or threw snow balls at the rival group. Later in the morning young men had lined each side of the block between Seventh and Eighth streets and were showering automobiles with snow balls from the time they entered the block until they left it. Snow Sculptors Revel. Snow men in the yard of Roy A. Miller, 604 West Sixth street, and at the Central and Guadalupe street fire stations, attracted particular attention. That at Central station was more than 15 feet high, and 22 feet around at the base. Twenty-sixth street went in for artistic sculpture in modeling out a woman's figure to almost lifelike shape and realism. Streets throughout the downtown section were rivers of slush as soon as the snow started melting about 11 o'clock. Gutters were clogged with streams of water were flowing in the centers of some streets. Co-eds Are Pelleted. Co-eds continued to draw the fire of students on Guadalupe street at the university, and girls wearing white under their hose were especially pelted. Church attendance was cut over half because of the snow, according to reports from several downtown churches. One Sunday school superintendent said his Sunday school member, were playing baseball with snow balls and church attendances had been cut over half. The snow melted rapidly after the sun began to shine about noon Sunday and early in the afternoon the snow had practically all gone for gutters. Actual precipitation during the Saturday storm was .41 inches, according to the official reading made by H. H. Henderson, weather observer. In measuring precipitation, snow is melted and a rain gauge is used for determining the inches of actual water. Temperature is maintained at 25 degrees throughout Saturday, but mounted to 30 degrees during the night and early morning, according to the official reading made Sunday mornings.

Austin received a total fall of seven inches of snow during the snow of Saturday and Sunday, ac- cording to available information. The fall in other towns and cities in central Texas was as follows: Lockhart, 6 inches, 50-year record broken; Blanco, 6 inches, heaviest in history; Elgin, 6 inches. Thrall, 5 inches; Bartlett, 6 inches, heaviest since 1917; San Marcos, 6.75 inches; Austin, 7 inches. The following snowfall was re- ported Sunday: Johnson City, 2.50 inches; Cherokee, blanket of snow; Bertram, heavy snow; Floresville, steady snow; Elmendorf, 2 inches; Big Wells, 3 inches; Devine, 4 inches; Austin, 7 inches; Flatonia, 6 inches; Burnet, 6 inches; Ber- thab, heavy fall; Taylor, 6 inches; Hallettsville, 2 inches; Nordheim, 6 inches; Yoakum, 3 inches; Victoria, 2 inches; Comfort, 10 inches; Bloomington, steady fall; Rockdale, 3 inches; New Braunfels. 2.50 inches Texas' Oil Wealth. A CCORDING to the Dallas News in 1925 Texas produced 150,000,000 barrels of petroleum, the price of Texas oil throughout that year averaged about $1.75 a barrel and on that basis the value of petroleum in Texas for that year exceeded $260,000,000. Is there money in oil?

Hyaline R. Frost's RR. Top of Benycton li. J. at Commel Shoal Creek del Rio lve. Saturday Feb 13, 1926 Took the billy to Shoal Creek North Austin; and then walked for half an hour to the locality in the top of the Benycton. This dell side locality faces the rifle-range. Got none of the same things gotten on Jan. 30. There are two kinds of echinids here. The common one is H. elephant; during some of these are wrapped with spines and serpulae, but half they did not remain buried after death in the mud, but others worked at by the waves. Got one by spines. Collected by myself at Shoal Creek on Feb 15, Got 2 other Enallasterus and many fine E. asietina and Borispocaeas. Also a good slab of E. leu zygoma

Saturday, Jan 30 - 1926 This afternoon Dr. Dellands took me in his Ford to see some Hashita collecting ground. We went northeast at not 3 1/2 miles from the center of Austin or about 1 1/2 miles N.W. from his home, on the road to Mt. Bonnel. At the farthest out loc., we saw the tip of the Del Rio clays, about 20 feet thick and just beneath the Buda limestone. The latter yields but few fossils and not more. The tip of the Del Rio clays team with fine pre species of Eryogyna arictina and some good Bryphaca mucromata. Other fossils appear to be absent in these dark blue clays. At not 1/2 mile S.E. beside the road - down the hill - is a fine exposure of near the middle of the Georgetown limestone and small faultings. Here fossils are common but few good ones are to be had as most of them break up in weathering out. Got six good Hemi- astus elegans, one GautClues, many Lijfana oraco- arisio, Bryphacae and 2 Triphids. Saw many ribbed Electryonia and some large oysters. In Shoal Creek, near Austin are collected some in the top of the Del Rio clays. At the very top we got two Endallastus. E. arictina in masses are to be had here. Took two good slabs of them.

On Moral Creek on the Buda limestone the Eagle Ford laminated fine sand shale, partly then limestone, and limy sandstone. The whole is upfold sharp at not far. Many of the paper tray layers are replete with (ganoid) scales, long and slender teeth and occasional fish bones. Other layers are crowded with small Ostrea like Oysters, while one of the thicker sandstones has small and large fragments of Inoceramus latistatus (is conjugated). It is an unmistakable Colorado assemblage. Whitney and Brinton both dog out a single species fades from the Brushita into the Colorado. The disconformity therepre creates considerable if a time break. The actual contact here is covered over by Talus. The presence of sand and heterotus indicate shallow water, and in higher comminuted fish matter also shows orare orrall. Probably the deposits re- present a depth of around 50 feet; saw no building up of the bottom, nor channeling.

Saturday, Feb 6 1926. At 6.30 this evening I gathered with about 15 others (among them President O'Flaherty, Dorrlands, Pearce, Whitney, Lansdale) of the Texas Unit interested in a State Museum to be connected only with the university. After a good dinner served at the Unit, coming home, I was asked to make the evening address. I read just out my new Harden Dedication Address and then launched out for the needs of a University Natural History Museum. Pearce spoke next, from the direction of the Art Museum and several others. Finally President O'Flaherty spoke and showed that he was in sympathy with the idea and that the Regents had already voted their interest in the matter. But he also spoke of the difficulties of getting one million dollars for a building, but made suggestions about propaganda to be done. I then moved that we organize myself into a Museum Association which was done. Prof. Pearce was elected President with Dorrlands as Secretary. These two officers with three others constitute (5) the Executive Com. to prepare pronouncements and circulars. As some money is needed at once I gave and made a present of $100. The ball is now moving, and thin must be...

Saturday Feb 20-1926 Spent with Dellards this late afternoon collecting in the Walnut clays at Brad metal quarry four miles N.W of Austin Texas, just S.E. of Dry Creek on road to Bull Creek. This quarry is also a good sand from the front on the free line of the faults of the Balcones system. Probably one half of the clays is composed of immature Bryozoeas, Exogyra texana (fine) and casts of gastropods. Of irregular echinids we got 2+ that were restricted to a small quarry. One out from five thin. The ammonites Orthorhodus was very rare. The whole thickness here of the Walnut exposed is about 10 feet. If we had had two hours more here we could have gotten again as many more good forms. So far this locality had the greatest abundance of forms and in particular abundance. Outside of the opsters none of the molluscan preserve the shells. The Bryozoea system fault was below, about 10 feet thick, than the echinid layer above followed by a zone of about 2 feet with the layered and fork Exogyra texana.

Sunday, Feb 21 1936 After dinner walked west about 2 miles to Barton Springs. The springs (rather large) come out of the fault plane with the Georgetown to the S. and the Austin shale to the N. Collected in the tip of the Beag town and saw the regulation thrips. Took away but little. See the small lot. Above the Georgetown along the road we sees the Del Rio blue clay and above of the true Buda li. In the clay just beneath the Buda got me coral. Out of the Austin trick some round thing that may be oyster; they are from a rippled layer (oscillation ripples). The Buda has stlrie-like layers and these have irregular flat clay inclusions that are due to storm scars.

Houston, Feb 26 1926 Left Austin last night at 10.40 and got here at 7 A.M. Put up at Rice Hotel. Had a good night in the Pullman. Then called on De Wolf of the Humphreys Oil Co and arranged for this evening talk. Spent most of the time with Mr Leasha. Next called on R. F. Baker and was with him to the University Club for lunch. Then called on Wallace Pratt but he was in court. Tried to see Mr Deurzen and Min Lane but they had moved to another building that I could not locate. Min Elvior was at home with a cold, and as Mrs Afflin has quit all paleontological office work I saw but little of the paleontologists here. Mr Knickus place in the Texas Co. is now taken by Mr Miller of Kentucky who got his sub- surface paleontology from Ballaway at Columbia. He acts as if he is by race means the bad part man or person in Texas here in Houston. At 3 P.M. went with Mr Vetter to the Houston Club to arrange for a stand to hold my 18 maps to illustrate my talk on Texas Shore Lines.

There was about 65 yest to dining at the Houston Club which began about 7.30 P.M. There were about 20 ladies and among them the pol- [illegible] girls Mrs Pleumer and Miss Lane. The youngst Stannia was also present. Among the older men were De Wolf, Pratt, Deusen, Remble, Baker, Hager (Chairman), Barton and others whose names I do not recall. (8.30-9.30) I spoke about an hour and dealt the interest- ding part of it in response to questions or criticism which I had invited. Deusen believed that Powers had shown the salt of the days to be of Permian age. I showed it to be impossible and besides a bacterium cannot prove the age of any salt. I had said that since an average salt plug had about one cubic mile of salt that if it came from a bed so far thick it would have to have flown together from an area of 50 miles radius. I was corrected to 7 miles radius. Therefore the salt does in no case flow very far. Dumble said since the Cengric formations are thicker towards the sea, therefore Llandonia must have been present with them. He is clear in error since

this thickening can be explained in a perfectly natural way due W | E donna agreed to self his and say the subsurface minerals all appear to come from the W. Miller later told me that the Cret. foramen in the Miocene (2 ray characteristic forms) are from the Austin-Taylor formations to the EAST. Pratt confirmed Hunter that the Cengric thicken to the E, but drew no conclusion. The next day R.F Baker told me that the Congric in the E. he believed to be at least 20,000 feet thick, and that the surface outcrops of the Congric to the N. of Balcoston are around 10,000 feet thick. I made the point that the Inner Dalv Dome, got their salt out of the Comanchian. In the Pine b. land field E to Bellevue field the Comanchian is in red beds and there is here at least 75 feet of only diate to me gone. Furthermore the Trinity and Fredericks- key them not against Llanoia and that was part of the Warkita geocam. Warkite Fredniastri

Of what age the salt is in the Coastal domes I could not say, but surmised it to be of Eocene age. I added that I knew of no acid thins in the Eocene. The leading geologists merely came not convinced with my presentation, but I think no one will claim to know the actual age of the salt in the domes. I understand there is Permian underground at Uvalde, Texas. The red beds and anhydrite at Malone Texas called by Chapin Upper Jurassic C L Baker has shown me an unpublished small ride of Permian age. Dumble said there is much anhydrite a sypsum in the older Cengric of N.E. Mexico's. Lost this up. Plummer and Hager traced the Leff. Our trend S.W. from Belf to about Houston area. Plum- mur said there was an underground ridge lately Jackson Min that has the trend of the Leff. Look up this matter; it cannot, however, apply to older time than the Permian. Prouss shows in his paper of 1946 that the out of Okla., Ark and beneath Red River have an E-W a better slightly S.E trend. Runs counter to the

Appalachian trends. R.F. Baker told me during the day that the Trend of the Tescus Out in the Marathon uplift is N.E.-S.W. just the opposite of the Rocky out trend This strike then is not at all in harmony with that of the Cenestral Rockies of Lee. This is an important matter and needs looking into. All men had a profitable day. Saturday Feb 27-1926 Houston At noon R.F. Baker and I got started in his car for Galveston on the Gulf shore. The distance by road is about 50 miles and in all this area the slope to sea-level is only 40 feet. The land is as level as a table and when drained (ditches) is good farm land to within about 10 miles of the Gulf. Fif farms are much in advertising. Towards Houston all the streams are cut down to sea level with standing water.

Salveston gets its water out of artesian dry wells about 8-10 miles N. of W. of the city. Baker tells me that the Hurricanes flowing in from the Gulf pile the water 14 feet above ordinary sea-level. This is definitely proven since at the Duelphin Mine sea water came to the 14 foot elev... tion. This is an important matter to bear in mind regarding other phenomena. Also that formerly the present shore is about six city blocks further out than it was before the hurricane. It is again building out to sea. The land goes very gradually into the sea, and the wind waves roll in very gently, probably make no higher than 12 inches - so shallow is the shore out to sea. The sand is very fine, even graded, and taell from the strand where dry the winds blow it into dunes. These dunes flow higher toward the Air Grande. Beneath the surface the sands are replete with from 15-30 species of small pele- cyphos and some gastropods. Cray are lived by gastropods. Sea snails are practically absent. Chitinos worm tubes with shells glued all over them are common. See these samples of sand and worm tubes.

Yale Educator Urges $1,000,000 Museum for Texas Dr. Charles Churchert Points Out Need for Such Institu- tion at University. In the preliminary steps which have been taken toward the estab- lishment of a museum at the Uni-versity of Texas, consideration has been given of the great service that it would render not only to the stu- dents of the university, but people generally of Texas. Men of science are especially interested in the ac-complishment of the project. Dr. Charles Schuchert, professor emeritus of paleontology at Yale university, who is conducting a special course of lectures at the University of Texas, is regarded as an authori- ty on museums. He was formerly administrative officer of the Pea-body museum of natural history at that school and he has direct personal knowledge of benefits which are to be obtained from such an institution. He has evidenced much interest in the movement, to bring about the establishment of a museum at the University of Texas. Museum Needed "The people of this state need at the University of Texas a first-class museum to show the vast natural resources of the state," he said. "Not only its mineral and agricultural wealth, but as well to show the animals common to the region and the archaeology of the peoples who once lived in Texas. It should not be merely a place where these things are shown visitors, but above all to also be an educational center for the students at the university studying natural history. It should also be the place from which are loaned collections and books to the high schools of the state and even something of this sort may be sent out to the public school. This last has been done by museums of some states. Its doors should be open to the pub. every day in the year, including Sunday afternoons. Tells of Other Institutions "The natural history museum of Harvard university has cost more than $1,250,000 and has an endowment of about $300,000 and its floor space covers about two acres. It is primarily for research. The Peabody museum at Yale university, starting out with a gift of $150,000, has now a new building costing over $900,000 and a floor space of about 75,000 feet. It is also primarily a research museum, but is now co-operating with the schools of New Haven and of Connecticut and soon is to have another building wholly devoted to a children's museum. Million-Dollar Museum Urged "The University of Texas needs a natural history museum building costing about $1,000,000 and so designed that additions can be built to it as time requires. A museum, like a library, constantly grows through new acquisitions but little of its materials can be thrown away or is lost through the year of time. Let us hope that the people of the great state of Texas will see to it that such a building will be forthcoming. On the other hand, the history of other museums has demonstrated over and over again that the lovers of nature will do their share in building up the collection through specimens and collections, while various individuals of means will come forward with an endowment to stimulate research through the appointment of professorships at the building of special collections."

March 1-1926 Monday. GEOLOGIST TO LECTURE Professor Charles Schuchert of Yale university faculty and one of the leading geologists of the world, who is a visiting professor at the University of Texas during the winter term, will deliver a series of five illustrated lectures on the history of the earth, during the first week of March, Dr. E. H. Sellards, associate director of the bureau of economic geology, announced Wednesday. In his lectures, Professor Schuchert will trace development of the earth through the peopling of the lands, the age of giant reptiles, to the dawning of the present scenery and life. The lectures will be delivered in room five of K hall at 7:30 o'clock on the nights of March 1, [illegible], 3, 4, 5 and 8. SPEAKS ON NIAGARA Niagara Falls is receding up the river at the rate of five miles per year and soon newly weds in Chicago will have to pay less railroad fare to make the honeymoon trip, according ot Prof. Charles Schuchert of the Yale university faculty, who delivered the first of five lectures on the history of the earth in K hall on the University of Texas campus Monday night. Professor Schuchert told of the wearing away of the Niagara cliff to illustrate the general wearing of the earth's surface by water. His subject of the first lecture was "Sculpturing the Earth's Surface with Air and Water." Professor Schuchert will speak again tonight at 7:30 in the same building on the campus. His lectures are illustrated. March 1, 1926

YALE EDUCATOR HEARD IN TALK Dr.Charles Schuchert Traces Development of Geology. "Nature works in rythms and in circles, whether her immediate task be production of river or mountain," declared Dr. Charles Schuchert, vis- itng professor of geology at the University of Texas, in a lecture on "The Coming and Going of Seas and Mountains," declared Wednesday night on the university campus. Dr. Schuchert is professor emeritus of paleontology at Yale university. "The rain is born of the ocean, and to the ocean it returns with the spoils of the land. It is now known that the oceans have spread peri- odically and more or less widely over the North American continent at least 20 times," Dr. Schuchert said. He traced the development of sedimentary land waste brought down by rivers forming deltas and marine deposits into solid beds of rock. This is shown by the delta of the Mississippi river, which be- gan to form about 38 miles north of Cairo, Ill., back in medieval times, according to Dr. Schuchert. Since then it has gradually built itself out into the gulf for 1100 miles, he said. What had long been a mystery to geologists—the movement of the earth locally up and down—Dr. Schuchert explained was formerly thought due to the cooling of the earth and its consequent shrinking from time to time, is now explained by the lately discovered radioactiv- ity of rocks. The third lecture of this series will be given on Thursday evening, March 4, at 7:30 in K hall.

HOW OLD IS MOTHER EARTH Geologists Estimate It at Five Million Years. No more than five million years were required for formation of the gologic processes which are re- corded in the rocks of the earth, Professor Charles Schuchert of Yale university said in estimating the age of the earth in the third of his series of lectures on history of the world at the university Thursday night. The physicists, however, he said, are more liberal in their estimates and on the basis of the radioactiv- ity of minerals would allow twice or more than twice that amount. Time estimates are made by the gelogists, Professor Schuchert stated, in several different ways. One method is the amount and rate of accumulation of salts in the ocean. Another is the time required in the accumulation of thousands of feet of such rocks as limestones, shales and sandstones. Still other partial estimates are made from the retreat of waterfalls. The wa- terfalls, however, are temporary features and can serve only in es- timating short periods of time. The wear of the mountains and the quantity of sediments carried from them afford partial estimates. To wear down a great range of moun- tains such as the Appalachians, he stated, requires probably not less than fifteen million years. The next lecture of the series will be delivered tonight on the great reptiles of the medieval world. The lectures are given in K hall at 7:30 p. m., and are open to the public.

Dr. Charles Schuchert Traces Rise of Dinosaur. "Animated citadels of flesh, with nothing to fear but themselves, two pounds of brains to 76,000 pounds of flesh," brute strength and low mentality." These, according to Professor Charles Schuchert, are among the characteristics of the great reptiles of the medieval world. The medieval time in the world's history, he stated in his lecture at the university Friday night, was pre-eminentlly the heyday of reptiles. During that era reptiles held possession of the earth; in the air were great dragons with expanse of wing of 25 feet; in the waters were fish-like reptiles of great size; while on the land the dinosaurs, "terrible reptiles," held sway. The dinosaurs, according to Professor Schuchert, include the most extraordinary animals that the world has seen and the largest land animals that have lived. One of these, called Egiandinosaurus, "gigantic saurian," has a length of 80 feet, 36 feet of which is neck. Another, brontosaurus, "thundering saurian," had a length of 65 feet, weighed about 37 tons and required a daily ration of probably 700 pounds. Among the vegetable feeders were some having no more than one pound of brain to 80,000 pounds of flesh, or "enough sense to eat when hungry." Traces Reign of Dinosaur. The disappearance of the dinosaurs from the earth coincides with the great mountain-making period which gave rise to our rocky mountain system. They occupied the whole of medieval time. "Their career," says Professor Schuchert, "was not brief and is comparable in majestic rise, slow culmination and dramatic fall to the great nations of antiquity." In the latter part of the reign of reptiles the mammals made their appearance at first few in number and small in size, but representing an immense advance in brain capacity. The next and final lecture of the series, on "The History of the World," will be given in K hall at 7:30 p. m., Monday, March 8. Professor Schuchert's subject will be "The Dawning of Present Scenery and Life." The lecture will be open to the general public.

DAWN OF THE RECENT Prof. Charles Schuchert Continues Lectures on History of Earth. "The Dawn of the Recent" was traced by Prof. Charles Schuchert in the last lecture on the history of the earth given at the University of Texas Monday night. The great reptiles of the medieval world disappeared with the changed conditions accompanying the making of the Rocky mountains in North America. Upon this disappearance of the reptiles the mammals, at first small and few in number, took possession of the land. The most notable characteristic of the mammals, according to Professor Schuchert, was increased brain power and increased care of the young. With the disappearance of the great reptiles the spread and increase of mammals over the earth was rapid. The dawn of civilization is placed by Schuchert approximately 18,000 years BC in Asia Minor, Arabia and Persia. The city of Susa, Persia, apparently goes back to 1600 BC. "In the pliocene, man in England already knew how to kindle fire and the Neanderthal race buried their dead with their implements, paints and ornaments, showing the dawn of some religious feeling," Professor Schuchert said. "Man's mentality now dominates the organic world and bids the force of nature to his work. However, his further progress is dependent upon himself, depending upon whether he will learn to control himself for the benefit of human society. Man's first duty is service to mankind," he said in closing. March 8-1926 Had the largest audience, about 400. Among them President Offlawn and wife, Prof. Delores and wife, Prof Peace, Prof Cunningham and wife, Dean Shauper (whose wife did not attend me of them). About 1/4 of audience were students, rest citizens. All were very appreciative. Mrs Gruber, mechanicin of the University ran the lantern, and he did well, The lectures find grace in the popularity of the book when published.

March 12 - 1926, Friday On Wednesday evening I gave the last lecture and yesterday at 2 P.M. one had the final exam. I began with a class of at least 40 of whom most were ill visitors. Then we settled down to 30 men and finally 12 came today; the rest in course towards a degree. Of these 6 are family made up B or mac, One had C and another D. About 6 of the men have promise of making oil geologists since none have any other ambition! At noon I handed in my merits and report and so the contract is closed for which I am to get $1800. A news note which comes to us from a professor of Geology down at the state University states that the earth is 1,500,000,000 years old; and report in the papers a few weeks ago quoted a Yale professor as being able to prove that the earth is 371,000,000 years old. We don't believe either report. The earth is today exactly 9,925 years, one month and 11 days old; but if the Bible didn't tell us that, we wouldn't believe it. In fact, when we observe how some East Texans have abused the earth by letting its virgin soil wash away and the precious fields get all gulleyed-up, we doubt whether it was here when Washington was whipping the British. Any man's earth in the whole universe would have been a blown-up sucker ages and aeons ago had it been subjected to the abuses we East Texans have perpetrated upon ours—We'd better get to terracing and draining, or our Earth will be a blown-up sucker, and we will be too.

March 13-1926 Saturday, Austin. This afternoon Dillards took me to see the upper face of Edwards limestone. First to a quarry in west Austin, then to Deep Eddy Bathing Pool (a sort of summer resort), then to the Big Dam on the Colorado River, and finally to exposures along the river. Many all that I got are Miliolinas and true heart archings. The Edwards has one bed about 30 inches thick comprised of Miliolina forams, Beneath the few thick and good beds of quarry limestone are thinner beds and at the base of these one bed extensive exposed was sun-cracked away where. Therefore this layer was exposed to the air. The Miliolina bed also jetties of a yellowish nature, make a low angular and up to 4 inches lay and an inch thick; these are of an intraformational nature, showing that these waters were very shallow. March 14-1926. Sunday. Austin Packed my prints and arranged lantern slides for the 3 lectures at the Agricultural and Mechanical College. Late afternoon Dillards called on President and Mrs Sphawn.

March 16, 1926 Tuesday. Austin. Got up at 6 A.M. and with Professor Whitney and Mr. King was off in the Univ. car at 7 A.M. to be gone all day to see the Glen Rose of southern Blanco and north-central Comal counties. Crossed the Colorado River and then S.W. to Cedar Valley and Dipping Spring (Hays Co.?), Then are passed Lone Man Cliff and the Twin Sisters Mt. These are typical Buttes, Then we crossed the Blanco River and on the south bank went into a German farmers land to see a ref of rudistids (Schthyodenticles) All are carbonate of lime pseudomorphs; elongate test shells up to 8 inches long and up to 2 1/2 inches in diameter. Something like this [diagram] The walls are very thick and fluted and the cone filled beneath the body chamber with conacre floors. The layer is 2 to 3 feet thick filled with the shells but hardly thick enough to call it a ref. Took no rock with them since it meant one rock than Donald Carey, we dugim in at the top [illegible] On the slope down to Blanco River, near the base of the Glen Rose collected some flattened but good Porocystis. Leaving the German farmers home we began collecting at about 140 feet above the base of the Glen Rose in limy clay beds, about 2 miles S. B. of the

nira. First in a horizon with Ialonia and heart urchins, Then further on in down beds a tidalre beneath which is another jagu off one had the time gone with heart urchines many of these echini could have been collected. Then turned north and mainly lost to the north side of the Guadalupe River where there is a high cliff of the lower Glen Rose. Here occur small clustering among shale-ling zones, and one of these beds so some fat thick meatthey, a bright red is filled with Orthyroidulite. Toof a few paprays of them with Amphileura and a very large clay orbited gastropod. About 3 miles northy Stancrod, Crnal County in a blue clay bed collected a very large species of Orbitulina - the hat shaped from as yet undescribed, At 3 P.M. it began to rain and we had to quit collecting. The roads for many miles were very diffuse, and the great majority of them between Driftng Ming and San Marcos very poor. Then the engine of the car heated for all day and most jus got headache.

PROFESSOR SCHUCHERT WILL LECTURE HERE Prof. Charles E. Schuchert, cura- tor of the Peabody Museum at Yale University, and professor emeritus of College over March 18, 19, 20, and 21, paleontology, will be here at A. and M. and will give several lectures on geo- logy and related topics. Prof. Schuchert has been carrying on certain research studies in the paleogeography of Texas, and is com- pleting a course of lectures at the State University at Austin. The people of Texas are to be congratu- lated on the privilege of interesting and entertaining a man of Prof. Schuchert's attainments, and both the University and A. and M. College are fortunate to secure a place on his busy program. Details of Prof. Schuchert's lec- tures will be announced later, but the following topics have been suggested: Animals, Historical Geology and Re- search in Science. In addition, to the above, it is hoped that Prof. Schuchert will be able to address all the engineering students on such a topic as "Geology and Engineering" and to meet one or two classes in Geo- logy. Prof. Schuchert has numerous slides to use in connection with his addresses, and all the Campus and Bryan people are cordially invited to attend these lectures. JAMES H. HANCE,head, Geology Department

College Station, Texas. Dark days and often long rain Left Austin Thursday morning at 11° on the Interna- tional Great Northern R.R. for Valley Junction where I changed to go east to College Station which is 5 miles east of Bryan, a county seat. Got to College at 3:30 P.M. Here Professors Stance and Dean Burgess and met me and took me to the Hotel-Appfield. was interviewed by the Dean of the College of Science, and 4 P.M. called on the President Mr. Walton. At 8 P.M. gave the first of three lectures, but the lantern was so faint that most of my lecture was ineffective. Friday morning spoke for a half hour to Stance's 61 students, and then visited and interviewed the rest of the day. At 8 P.M. gave the second lecture and now the lantern worked well. Prof. Ball (History) is a collector of Congric invertebrates and more especially of Clams and in which he gets some help from Berg. Many of his specimens are fine. Then called on Prof. Francis (Vertebrate man) who has a remarkably good col- lection of Chirocrea and younger mammals from round about this part of Texas, Patroci-deans, Horses, camels and horses around. One fine horse skull, jaw and one leg for a spell. Saturday morning at 10 gave the final lecture to a jammed audience in the large lecture hall of the Physics building. Then visited around all day. The A. and M. College has 30,000 acres and 2400 students under Military Discipline -- a good method of training young men.

Sunday morning dark with heavy showers and thunder and lightning. Same as Saturday morning. Listened to Prof. White talk on Calvin and have respect for him as a reformer. Then attended church and saw about 1500 students march to church in military fashion. Had dinner at Hanes home. Monday (March 22-1936) visited with Hanes and at 12.10 drove off for Fort Smith when I arrived at 7.30. Put up at Badger Hotel. President Walton Dean of College Professor Farley (Historian). Oran Crock Engineering Prof. Bolton Prof. White (Economics) Prof. O. M. Ball (Biology) has fruit plants and nuts, Prof. M. Francis (Veterinary Medicine) has fruit animals. The Comanchian faunas have their nearest relations with Western Africa, Madagascar, and Southern India. This is different from my earlier views - eastern Mediterranean affinities. See the two little maps on which I noted some of these facts; will place them later in my phiso- geographic maps.

Fort Worth, March 23-1956 Tuesday. Had a car take me four miles S.E. to Texas Christian University, and first met Eagleforth and then Profson Dr. All Grinton. Spent the morning tally over the [illegible] formation as a repressive one. At first I could not see it so but after a while it be- came clearer that the last Texas Cretaceous was a shallow sea spreading north through Trinity time and re- maining a shallow sea during Fredericksburg time. See the photo of the dinosaur tracks found at Glen Rose Texas. Then turned later [illegible] time a subsiding area began along the Red River region that opened out into the Gulf of Mexico to the South East. The [illegible] in the repressive sand phase of this sea. It is thought that the older strata of the [illegible] are to the south and over and they young to the east and Southeast. The later Buda = Ruda in Frasnian in age while the [illegible] in Cenomanian. These correlations [illegible] gets from Prof. Killiam of Grenoble Unit, France. The first beds of the higher [illegible] are Upper Cretaceous and there is a break (supposed fault) between it and the Lower [illegible]. This first bed is found in the Eagle Ford. See the paper Scott (me) gave me and which he is to read Thursday at the G.G.P., Et. In the afternoon Grinton and Scott took me about

23 miles N.E. of Fort Smith to see and collect from the Upper Washita. We began in the Winger beds of the Triasut. The main forms are the K. oracensis, and fit almost anything else. Then the Del Rio clay = [illegible] again able refinite brachiosphaera consermata. These form gradually into the Buddha lime shale, with thin irregular limestone also refinite with the same sphaera. This locality is to the E. of the main road to Denton (about 10 miles South) at about 1/2 mile, and pretty far than 5 miles to the N.E. of Roanoke. Then drove back to Roanoke and then directly E. at about 1 1/2 or 2 miles to see the whole of the Buddha Peth, how is a thick li. (stut) Antp, perhaps be bracketine. made up of aggregated/smear) forms, a sort of beach detritus. Beneath are the long Buddha shale, with zones of li. Also a lot of pints here, Nautilus, some ammonite and fireslers, echinits (very fine) and a lot of S. consermata in the finest preservation. All is to be shipped to me by C. J. Alexander, besides what collected today. Then back to Denton home to have dinner and spend the evening. The T. C. H. President was very present. 8:30 to Ballers Hotel at 10 P.M. Debt from me in his car to the hotel.

"Dallas, Texas, Wednesday March 24-1926 SAT to the Beller Hotel, Dallas, at 10.45 and located on the 13th floor. First things easy, in the evening the girlgirls began to arrive. Dallas March 25-26-27-1926 This morning the girls are flooding in at a very great rate and before noon the hotel is filled. The meetings start in fairly promptly and all goes smoothly. Dozen and dozen of friends, but unfortunately I cannot remember the gray people, and they are want to be recognized as remembered. Friday afternoon there was no session. Had a long talk with Prof. Plummer of California. Finally Mr. Leigh granted to know if I could consider 3-4 weeks consultation regarding the Penns. Penn. and Permians of Kansas, Oklahoma, and Texas. He thought his company The Leen Co. would pay me $5000 for any help. This work is to be done within next December a January 1927. Friday evening Plummer fare a dinner that took 20 people on the view of starting a Paleontological Society in the U.A.P.G. We are all behind the plan on a new toward a publication.

Saturday morning listened to papers. In the afternoon there was a section on micro-paleon- tology with Moore of Kansas as Chairman. Finally Professor drove took the chair. Another paleontologist orcutt is now at hand: All the papers were read by 1 P. M. and every one was agreed that it was the most success- ful meeting ever held by the society. This was the eleventh annual meeting. In the morning there was election of officers, Luman J Horstman got 184 votes, and my friend McCoy got 193 (elected), for President. For Vice President Beede got 160 and 217 (elected). For Secretary-Treasurer Fritz Gurin got 218 (elected) and Deedler 155. Moore did not run for reelection and Dr John L. Rich was elected as editor.

Dallas, March 28-1926 The auto of the Bureau of Economic Geology Univ. of Texas, with Dr. Lindsdale as chauffeur, was ready to start at 7.30 for Austin. We have 200 miles to go and the day is dark and cold. From after starting it rained enough to make the roads slippery, and are four three cars in the ditches of the road. From Dallas we go Smith to Orridlothian, Grandview, Itasca, West to Draco. We have had lunch at 12.15 and by 1 P.M. we are off again for Temple and at 3.15 we are at the extensive road metal quarries of the Santa Fe R.R. about 1/2 miles N.W. of Baylor College (in first) at Belton. We came here to see the audited layer at the base of the quarry. It is white nap, but a orange-coated cragging grain of a audited like lepty ochreolite. I had no hammer and two cars near us earned make no good collection. I have enough to show the nature of the point. A close associated layer rather shaly had many schistoids. The Caprina-like shells came from a zone about 10 feet higher. Fully aware of this quarry has once a bed of these audistics. At 5 P.M. we are off for Geaferton, Roundrock, and Austin where I arrived at 8 P.M.

Austin, March 29-1926 Getting ready to go to West Texas. Sunday. Austin March 30, 1926. Tuesday. It thundered and rained heavily about midnight, and this morning the ground is cold. The morning papers have storms throughout the state with 7½ inches, 1 snow at Amarillo. Bellards telegraphed Beede at San Angelo about roads, and the reply was that they are bad. Then concluded that we could not go for at least two days. Telegraphed Baker at Houston and Keate at El Paso. In the evening listened to Keith's second lecture on 'Topography in relation to earth movements'. He has a bad cold, and so I understood but little. Keith caught his cold at Dallas, just did, but the Doctor here at Austin has about driven it out of me. Austin March 31-1926. Wednesday Another fine and cool day. In the afternoon saw Bellards, and he said he would call for one at 9.30 Tomorrow morning to start for the Marathon county.

Austin, April 1-1926. Thursday The days fine and at 10.30 A.M. are off for East Texas in the car of the Bureau of Economic Geology operated by Dr. E. H. Sellards. Go or directly east from Austin to Dripping Springs, Johnston City to Fredericks- burg. Here are arrived at 1 P.M. having come 83 miles. Had lunch and at 1.30 are turn north and a little west, and soon get into the basal Comanchean that has much of red beds. Then are get down into the basin of Central Mineral Area and from Cambrian sandstones and shales and then a long reach of steeply upturned Paed saddle schist and red sands. It is 34 miles to Mason which is on these old rocks and soon are upon a narrow outlin of the Comanchean, and then over thin bedded Cambrian-Ordovician and finally Pennsylvanian to Brady which is 27 miles N. of Mason. From Brady at 4 P.M. go for almost directly east and soon get in the Comanchean have a series of variegated clays with calcareous shales, stone. Then from Edern over Cretaceous and finally Permian on which San Angelo is built. It is about 80 miles from Brady to San Angelo, and about 230 miles from Austin. Put up at San Angelo Hotel. Set here at 6.15 P.M. About five miles N. of Fredericksburg are had one four mine across the basin of the Central Mineral Area

It is a wide shallow basin with outliers of granite ridges and rounded up swith and over by a guesta of Comanchian hills after hundreds feet high. The floor of the basin is paleoaddle schist cut by red crassly crystalline granite and upon which are local occurrences of Devon Cambrian, Cariboo- Ordovician [and] means the anticlinal Comanchian. In places the Paleogries stand steeple but as a rule they lie in undulations but dipping to the N and NW. Lellards [says] the doming of the Mineral Belt took place after the Benal and seemingly went on until some time into the oldu strata. The Pre-Cambrian rocks Page (Foliz) makes Algortian, and Lellards says that some schists only appear to have revealed Radiolaria. Look into this matter to see if they are actually Radiolaria. Saw some granites fedded-like cutting back at an angle of about 70 degrees. The Comanchian laps against the domed Min- eral Belt and finally around it. There is no rim or cuesta around the north side of the Mineral Belt

San Angelo - Alpine, April 2-1926 Left San Angelo at 7.30 A.M. and jumped over Permian to a Comanchean area that begins with sands and then the living Frederick key. The thickness is small. For the west is more Permian. Passed through Herwood - Barnhart on the Grand R. R. to Big Lake. The Big Lake oil field is about 14 miles further west. This field was discovered by a wild cat, and in 1920 there were about 30 wells; now there are 90. The field is about 3 square miles, and is now yielding 30,000 barrels daily, long as present the greatest producing field in Texas. The wells are down between 2900 and 3100 feet. On top is 300 of Comanchean, 300 of Triassic and the rest is red beds Permian overlying the oil in liq and solids. One well is down 6000 feet and is believed to be still in the Permian; below are Hard Shales, below the oil zone. Dellards visited with Graves for 2 hours, had lunch here. In this region the general dip of Permian is to the N.W. The oil dome has a size of about 100 feet on a gentle western slope and a steeper eastern one. Thrusting from the E. See Dellards paper soon to be published in A.A.P.G. Bulletin. Crossed Pecos River at 1.35 P.M. The river is meandered at my 25 feet. Behave about 30 miles to get to Fort Stockton. Near there are many outcrops of Comanche.

and Holom deposits. = mesa. At farming, rye ranching and sage brush is our common. The landscape is monotonous. Collected in an arm either in the top of the Fredoners by a hard kick of brashita at seven mile crease east of Fort Stockton. See the fossils. at 4:30 P.M. Soon after leaving Fort Stocketm, we begin to see the madera Cret, covered by Permian strata for which has been over the Comanchean. It is thought to have an ypires man below but no one has seen it, and all the strata are in granite. The Cret, is up- turned and then in a series of sharp faults in smoke. In all around. At Fort Stockton there is a great spring - Common- The Spring that yield daily 60,000,000 gallons of water and irrigates about 10,000 acres of land. We are following the Great R.R. to Alpine. At 44 miles W. of Ft Stockton and very heavy we collect a few more Comanche fossils, and of the same karym as at seven mile Crease. Set to Alpine at 7 P.M. and Ray Baker had arrived. Keyte, Baldwin, Blanchard and Bills are also here. Talked long after dark over the Permian salt and Syphon are deposited. I got clear notions about it.

[3820] start Alpine Saturday April 3 1926 Started out (7 sat girls) at 5.20 A.M. for Marathon (30 miles E.) and then to a place 3 miles south of Sap- tank which is 24.6 miles N.E. of Marathon. Arrived at 10.10 and began collecting in two yrs of the upturned Lower Saptank. The section as measured here by Blanchard and Baldwin for the Macland Cr. is as follows. Total thickness measured 608 feet but is considerable thicker Cemanchean Cretaceous at one. Saptank in an anticline. The section begins at the base. Great limestone formity Li. and ss. cmgl. with pieces li. and chat and some sand. Thickness variable 10'-300'. See April 6 for more detail This is not a fossil conglomerate. Hard gray shale 120' with a lense 3

Many small fossils areather only the lower beds and lie in lown ground. I had no time to collect it. Keyte has a lot of it and if necessary get him to loan one a collecting. The fossils show clearly that these Lower Sap- tank strata are of the regular Pennsylvanian and out of the earlier time within, and certainly not at all of the Bend-Morrow-Drabannocka Time. As I see our Charites most likely but rather the Cretomemi lians. I am wondering if the time may be early Canyon. It is certain as late Wolfcamp Shawn. The folding of these Tresnus-Hinfe-Hagmond strata their age may falls in Bridle Pennsylvanian Time. In later work, What the relation is to the Upper Sapbank, Blan- hard says cannot be determined at this place since there is none here on any of the Per- Mian series. They are angularly related to the Comanchian basal sands and than the loney series, but the exact age I do not know (Prof Edmons) Then entered south west to Wolfcamps where This is my locality collected from two feet after these ammonites, or all collected and minute. do not occur in the Wilfcamp but in the Upper Sapbank, in blue shales. Left but few fossils although Keyte said he had at least 10 specimens of ammonites. It hailed and rained at 4P.M. and we are concluded to go back to Alpine. On road from Marathon to Saptank one turns to the same locality m at 11.6 miles out of Marathon; have a mild mill to S.

Alpine, Sunday April 4, 1936 Started east to 4 miles north of Onarathon and then turned in on trails north to the first Permian escarpment trestle Leonard Fris. This place is about 4 miles S.W. of Iron Mt. We collected all the morning 500 feet above the base of the Leonard (there is not other here) in a fine crystalline limestone. I called this Loc [illegible] and marked in the Altuda Quadrangle. In climbing up to this limestone we saw many joints of limestone and dolomite joint. As a rule the boulders are well rounded of quartz and chert and usually less than 1/2 inch across, but there are also angular pieces of limestone of all sizes to [illegible] rolls up to about 2 feet long. These must have fallen from cliffs unless by ice transportation for which there is no evidence. There is also much fine sand in these conglomerates. Then started further N. up the side of a gulch where another gulch comes in from the W. and then walked about half mile to the place marked locality [illegible] on the Altuda Quadrangle. Iron ore found a limestone full of ammonite and we collected many. These beds go from 760 to 860 feet above the base of the Leonard. These ammonites occur in several times from about 100 feet of Shasta and on the top of the beds are

found another great abundance of feliceros ammitis with dollar septahemibus. Collected a lot of them and one in a very fine large one. or [illegible] For for a Rhicteralphenia ^ tabby had I wanted (57a). There is no Hers in this place Loc 10 nor anywhere to the S. The Leonard rests on the Taurus series and or there is our Septantic no Wolfcamp dere, The bird goes south of the S.P.R.R. and here is followed by the Tessey. Therefore the Vidrio trains out S. but is still present in the Huey Out Mus the same in time of the Giliams, and none of them geat formations are present in the Shaftu Regim. Accordingly the Permian of the northern plan M5, was 12000 for thick, then down to less than 6000 for in the Shaftu Regim (Look of hidden in thickness). Abies of Vidrio on the joins vacums N. of the S.P. R.R. at 11 miles east of Alpine, we were collected here at another time. Did or but did not see a single find. Farther west a few miles on the S. side of the I.P.R.R. The Omenchean dips to the W. In the Lulling Oil field of E. Texas there is one well down to 6000 and in drilling 600 foot into the Packsaddle soshirt.

(It is not known that Laura Seton is meagres here) In the Ilitario the Tesnus is also present and folded with the same general style (S.W.) as in the Slam Out. Porus also got Liliurian here. In the Haftun Repim Udder gives a thickness of 1430 fut = Cit-Clr series. Since Blanchard days that deposition is continuous here. Supposed Pennosilranian goes unbroken into the Permian. Only lithologic proof for Pennosilranian; basal Haad shales with their beds of quartzite that look like Tesnus. No folding here, only domal uplift; due in the area the folding is thought to have died out. Blanchard has seen but one erinoid columnal in the Dimple li. No other forms other than sponge opicules are known in the Dimple. Harmond is not regarded as Tesnus. Baker at first [only interpreting how ignotable] and therefore this formation is to be disregarded. Blanchard says Nuevo lies below the Dela- ware li, that has "Chaturkaron", partly some Penn. and the Permian. Delaware - Dried. Cepitan = Vidrea, and the Lipton beds = William and Toney

To this locality one goes on from Marathon to Septaulk and turns in at the small ranch house with a wind-mill that is 16.1 miles out from Marathon. One goes up to a wire fence that goes up the hill, and then N.E. for less than 2 miles to a somewhat sloping ridge that is the first one crest of a tank. This Lower Septaulk has no basal conglomerate at all.

Alpine, Monday April 5-1926 Started out at 8.15 A.M. for the ammite loc. in the upper Sapbank 5 miles N.E. of Dolfcamp. The [ammitite line] is 60' or below the second thicl limestone gone or about 330 far beneath the tip of the upper Sapbank, but at this place the upper 250 feet are thiner out here present at Dolfcamp. The sec- [illegible] in only as follows. Apparenty eroded away at Dolfcamp Upper thicl Li. 50 furl thicks Dipth Li and Shales about 200' Lower thicl Li 20' Difth Li. and 130' Shales. Have a few fossils found have not seen [illegible] Ammite gone 60 far below the second Li. This ammitite loc. is at base Thicl m Sher. Quadrangle marked 4752 pm Marathon Then started for Sapbank. When out 23.4 miles [illegible] the road one up a hill that has tilted Tsonus helms. Here I saw the same eastward trail that intersected from mile W. of Marathon on the S.P.R.R. The Tsonus here strikes S.60E, and dips 40°S.W. Oradizing the Tsonus is a limestone series that has Lower Sapbank foris

The locality of Saturday is 2 miles tr E, or 3 miles S. of Baptist. See the small list from things collected for ident ification. This Lower Bapt antic strikes S.65W and dips 10°S.E. The fauna is the regulatian Pennsylvanian one collected last Saturday. The road then goes for 4/10 miles folded Tesson. At 24.4^ seen yellowish lim- stone limestone and shales of the Lower Bapt antic cut stand almost vertical. They strike S.65°W See the fossils; the Chaetetes in a sort group seem atm 200 ft lower from the fauna collection. These rocks are certainly to limestone floor that dave nothing to do with the vertical Lower Bap- tantic. As J. Jeff Christie cross lines from the vertical beds the wrong one of the Baptist antic. It is now established that the Tesson was folded before the regulatian Pennsylvanian sea came in. When the Pennsylvanian was folded and eroded before the Dipper Bap- tantic sea came in. (This view was later on completely changed) Finally collected for a half from in a thin shale zone of the Wolf camp, Britton's Fusulina and Schraferina. Nearly all of the Wolf camp here is a coarse conglomerate and sandstone, and farther N.E. appears to vanish. The shale is very coarse with all kinds of subrounded to well rounded pebbles.

Sraut Blanchard says that Hdden did not get the ammuntis at Wolf camp in the Wolf camp formation but in the Upper Saptank, the error was due to Hidden thinking there was an error hole in the Saptank on a day in which the Wolf camp was deported. This is an error. The green distinctly below the basal conglomerate of the Wolf camp. Some days later I was able to see clearly that Hidden was mistaken, and all of his 12 pieces of ammunition are true from Perm. way. This whole matter Hing traits is an error and that Hidden is about correct (Dec. 1976). The tank at Saptank is 20.6 out from Onarathin.

When I got back to Austin and looked at the collections at the Bureau, I saw that Hadden's collections come from 1/4 to 1/2 mile N. and N.N.W. of the town. Hadden saw many species and among them are some n.sp. Most of the material is more or less labeled by Bose but apparently Beede studied out many of the noms. Beede it seems to me magnifies small values. Even though there are n.sp., all are around Cicer Creek. The fauna is unmistakably Pennsylvanian.

Alpine, April 6 - 1936 Tuesday Started at 8.10 for Baptank (300miles to Mara- thon and tren 25.6 to the tank). I tried to collect upon Baptank all the morning and got about 6 speci- mens. Failed to find hidden good localities, see opposite page. Dellards, Baker and Blanchand started E. to make out the structural relations between the Upper Sep- tank and the Lower Baptank. The fossils collected show the normal Lower Baptank fauna of that Cenoman time. I had also seen Lower Baptank and south where they worked but to the east saw no fossils. After lunch we all to the east went at it again and came to the conclusion that there is no break between the Lower and Upper Baptank. As we walked farther east to shore, the Paleyric strata go back into the Cmenachian. The Upper and Lower Baptank strata, a padmed and tucked, and the rocks jumped somewhat or that at this to me another normal the rocks stand nearly at right angles. The folding is therefor disturbed and thrown into a jumble. To me it appeared to be a fault present only on the eastern in the rally between the Up. and Low. Baptank. and more thrust (to be clear) conditions. This star sea in a little valley headed by a great yellow face of Lower Baptank strata. Fault and Thrusts to NNE↑ Cenomanian.

Then examined the Lorn Baptand seen on Satudae. Before getting to the sections one looked at a conglomerate mass that may be basal to the Lorn Baptist. Pethles many of lie, and small signs of to a foot long rounded to subangular. These lie reminded one of the Ordovician. Some Ostra- culite marginal pieces also present. One pettle had from prints, a small Lingulella and piece of trilobites, reminding me of Upper Cambrian or Ordovician. Then looked at the great conglomerate in the Lorn Baptist thought by Blanchard to be "basal" Baptist. How the blocks are all large many for furniture or more and nearly all of criminal limestone. There of the Permians signs are also other prints, and so pettles for that eros. According this conglomerate is a kind of intraformational conglomerate since all the fossils any Lorn Baptist time, due to prints and one small boulder. This conglomerate must have formed at the base of a cliff, and in thickness according to Blanchard vary from 10 to 300 feet. The Lorn Baptist - "Tremor" unconformity seen yesterday had no basal conglomerate at all.

"We are all more satisfied that the most intense orogeny of the Silian [illegible] took place after Teonius. Simple time, but the age of the Teonus is not for known. Then after a time of erosion the area was invaded by the Pennsylvanian sea later Canyon time and continued unbroken through the Baptist time which means to close of Civer. time. Both the Lower and Upper Baptist are folded alike, though the latter appears to be less folded. What the relation of the wringing Wolf- Camp is is not yet clear further than that it appears to be conformable though separated by a marbled or similar uneven formity. Therefore the second folding may be post Upper Baptist and it may be Post Permian (probably at the close of Permian). In any event there is a marbled break between the Baptist and the Permians. In some places there is Wolfcamp and in others either the other in Leonard comes to rest on the Baptist. To- omorrow we will learn more about this second time of orogeny. [Later one concluded that Teonus-Dimple is post- atly = Upard Lower Baptist, and that all were folded together at the close to Penn. = Up. Baptist = Civer time]

Alpine, April 7 - 1926 Wednesday. Spent the day 3-4 miles W. of Marathon to collect fossils only the "Tesnus" and all that I saw showed that this Tesnus = Sapland and in all probability the whole of the Sapland. First collected along the Alpine-Marathon road about 3½ miles S.E. of Marathon. The shales are well exposed in the road ditch in a horizontal attitude and embraced many green shales with few fossils then beds of limestone barely the fossils, but a few more on the dark shale slope above. It's the Sapland fauna and ph. R.P., Bap. Then crossed country to the D. P. R. R. cut at mile post 580. Here the shales are vertical, shales, conglomerates (a bowl de bul. of small rounded rocks) and limey sandstones. With few fossils: *Spirifer* cammeratus and *Fusulina cylindrica*. On the south dump of this 580 mile post cut there is a limestone Hreda reef which Blanchard erected for one some fossils. Keyte is said to have many more. This large Hreda came out of the railway cut. Then went to the hill about 1/8 mile farther S.W. from mile post 580 to see the unconformity discovered by me two years ago. After much work I can now conclude that this angular unconformity is due to upwarping and thrusting producing an apparent unconformity. In the vertical strata beneath the unco-

scarcely formif at Fuculina and Fenestella. In the criti tr against unformed cical limestone above Fuculina are more common. I have no doubt that the print out of the loose heap in the railway dump is from this same line, given. Strike of anticline S. 50 W. from Hayje's Ramel. Strike of lower anticlinal strata beneath the apparent formif, is S. 40 W. The upper flat lying limestone and sandstone dip south to N. between east end Phillips try stand vertical; in W side Phillips they descend for more gently to the W. Then tried to find localities farther south to the north of Fnr Pena, but saw no Chora- culites and Ordovician cherts, emply (also in- traformational) and limestone. Somewhere dii- flagaptus suggesting Trientm. Than came out again at Monethan and ventured W to Decie Ramel to the N of the road and here again are some Fuculina cylindrica, Phylidomella pecori, Composita subtilita and fragments of several Productus species. Then looked at the Vidrio beneath the Cro- comanche 11 miles E. of Alpino but did not see a single Vidrio fossils.

Every place seen today in the so-called Lower [illegible] turns out to be Lower Baptau, with decided suggestions of the Upper Baptau. It is still several miles W. to the peak ore of the Pennian and plenty of room for the whole of the Baptau, but as well in the Tennes-Dimple if it is another series which I may much doubt. All the forms reported by Baker in Heddens' Report of the Glen Out are Lower Baptau species, as there is no break between Lower and Upper Baptaw and as both are equally folded it follows that the Time of Out-molding is after Baptau time. To obtain we will collect Griefcamp traps and study the relations of the Baptaw to the Griefcamp. The great break between the Pennsylvanian and the Permian comes in above the Upper Baptau, but what is Griefcamp?

Later it dawned on me that the forms collected only from lower 20 feet of the Wolfcamp had but few of the species seen farther E. Those lower forms are all silicions in a sallowish creamy Li. All of the other Wolfcamp forms throughout J soft or Li, and maybe of a high range, is due to fault between the W place of the lower Wolf- camp, and the place of the free and better forms that have Rhachisferenia etc.2 Blanchard has it first for -----> Dec 1926. Apparently my 6'-8' Li on a basal empl. is not true base of the Wolfcamp as Blanchard interprets it; it goes on lower fm 167 ft and includes the hidden ammonite zone. The top of the Basalt and is a 24' bed of Li, beneath which are dominantly shales.

Alpine April 8 - 1956 Thursday Motored to Wolfcamp northeast of Marathon. Have collected all morning in the Lorn as far of the Wolfcamp, probably half a mile north of the type locality. Left the car a little to the W. drug of the old deep tree and then walked up a cow path along the gulch first N. and then mostly east to another turn in the gulch and from the opposite hill down found a good place where the limestone broke out under the weathering and free of the fossils. Johnmayerina, Fusulina elmylata and another Fusulina are common. Also for Phictthlenia, one or 8 of Aulostyros, Entelele, Huastedia meeki and many other fossils. All in Permian measures. All of these fossils come out of the Lorn as far as can be said to the Wolfcamp, just above the third redded terminal limestone of the Upper Saptank. The basal limestone Wolfcamp 6 to 8 feet thick is oxidized redded, weathered feldspar and gields fossils in a siliceous condition. The basal part of this limestone has a limestone conglomerate 2 to 3 foot thick which rests on the Septank in a decided erosional thickened unconformity. Lelland says that the Wolfcamp has a to have a different attitude and cuts diagonally across different beds of the Saptank. In any event the Wolfcamp fauna is decidedly different from

the Bapland me, The time break is of considerable length and easily separates the Permian from the Pennsylvanian. Then ventured to the "Uncomformity" there described on Monday that is 23.4 miles N.E. of Marathon, Lullards and Baker are now satisfied that while the hill looks like a genuine uncomformity, yet the upper li. may have its present position due to folding and faulting or thrusting. Then I walked along the road towards Bap- tand to see if the "Tesnus" had any joints. he found none. At the uncomformity here the Tesnus stands vertical and on the next hill north the strata dips S, going over the crest of the hill the strata dip again N, at low angles to near the place where we collected fossils on Monday where they stand vertical. All of this or had been farther East and it did not cause one to change any ideas that the "Tesnus" in simply Bapland = Pennsylvania. At night failed of preparatory to leaving the Glen this tomorrow and just up at night at some place to the E, morning to San Antonio

"In going to this place we entered north on the Baptism road to a place 2.5 miles N. and then through a gate. It was then 6 miles W. to the base of Lizard Out to see the critical "Tesnus" S.E. Here the Tesnus strikes S.10 W. and goes under the Her which is near all li. with forms that we could not imitate to fit out, See the small collection of simple forms. The question herein, Is the "Tesnus - Dimple" of the Lizard Out area the = of the Lorn and upper Baptism? Or in the Baptism another series above the Tesnus Dimple? Probably here is but one series, named Tesnus-Dimple, and that the whole of the Baptism is equivalent to the former.

Alpine, April 9, 1926. Friday went to Leonard Int. to see the hills, tilted and more or less crumpled "Tesnus" (simple?) formation under two beds of the Permian. The beds here in the basal Permian, is about 300 foot thick and to the S W. varies in a few miles. From Leonard Int N.E. the thin increases to about 2000 foot and has beneath it the half camps of the Permian, and the Upper Baptist not to say anything of the Lower Baptist which may be = the Tesnus-Simple beds. The "Tesnus" at my Leonard Int is crumpled, mere or less fine conglomerate and appears to have no fms. Apparently higher come in impure limestones (maybe 20% o crys.), but are also mere a len fine conglomeratic, and these limestones are in large part made of a debris of fossil fragments. Only of these fragments are tiny pieces of small crinoids, and very rare bits of small brachiopods that maybe products of the cana fauna, and Rhynchonella like Lepidoda, crinids. Large specules are very common in certain layers, in supposedly to lime limestones believed to be of the simple formation. My rare does one see a crinoid fossil 1/2 inch in diameter. This "Simple Ci" appears to me to be of a shallow sea bottom that

Alpine, April 7 - 1926 Wednesday. Spent the day 3-4 miles W. of Marathon to Collect prints only in the 'Tesnus', and all that was seen showed that this Tesnus = Saptaul and in all probability the whole of the Saptaul. First collected along the Alpine-Marathon road about 3 1/2 miles N. of Marathon. The strata are well ex- posed in the road ditch in a horizontal attitude, and contain many of green shales with foraminifera. Then crossed country to the N.P.R.R. cut at mile post 580. Here the strata are vertical, shales, conglomerate (above d.b.t.), and lime sandstone. On the south dump of this 580 mile R.R. cut there is a limestone head which Blanchard erected from some fossils. Keyte is said to have many ones. This loose head came out of the railway cut. Then went to the hill about 1/2 mile farther S.W. from mile post 580 to see the unconformity discovered by me two years ago. After much more space are con- ccluded that this angular unconformity is due to upfold and thrusting, producing an apparent uncon- formity. In the vertical strata beneath the unem-

was continually churned up, killing all the life in its earlier stages. Nothing had time to grow to maturity excepting the gulfic genus things like Rhombophora and small forms of Fuscelina. I saw in John's collection Fuscelina constantly looked for and got I am certain that the led gare of Pennsylvanian age. It is impossible to say what part of the Penn. they belong to, but the list of species presents either hidden or barren strata that the simple is probably of Septaula time. The Iron Ore intruded igneous masses does all appear to have affected the strike and dips of the Permian strata, but Mr. Baldwin's account or first gave are the impression that it was injected in Pennsylvanian time. In speaking to Mr. Blanchard of this fact in the day after the impression that this igneous mass does not close except those of the merignigate strata traverse or its time of injection. But far away is a dillo of the same igneous or roll that came up a fault. See what is said in publications of the structural relations of this igneous mass I Iron Mountain. Au France two pages later.

Then continued to Royl Creek to see the Royl Creek Shales only interbedded sandstone. Those we found are sort of the I.P. R.R. not far to the S. of Haymond and to the west of the Orva- culite series. And of the shales are olive green shales with an occasional black grit 1/ 2 or from one foot thick. Those are more hard and harder than is to be expected for the region. The sand- stone are also greenish and weather the yellow and are in some from 2 to 10 feet thick. They have bits of plants some wavy impressions and others that look like charcoal. Both the shales and sandstones are very fine micaceous, I saw no recognizable foris on large fragments of plants. Then continued past Haymond Station and N.W. to the State Road where large hill side section cuts across the simple range of hills. Here the fossil material is dark chert in beds from an inch up to a foot thick or more separating the dominant shale partings. Apparently in the lignitaceous here shales become once lying but saw no foris. There also saw at least five feet of a clay that separated a deformed ark. These are in some from 3 to 6 feet thick, Leland's tow

samples of tons of trees to see what they are made of. Later on and other samples of trees. The Teanus-Dimple series in its eastern or typical exposures seem as modern of their time, though lithology doesn't age. Their general lithology suggest the western "Teanus-Dimple," but the structural relations of this E. series is found that of the oristeme Teanus and Saptend series. At 3 P.M. we left Queens Blanchard and Baldwin who returned to Alpine, Dellands and I then continued on to Landerone (4 P.M.) and finally at 8.00 were arrived at Crustrell where we stayed for the night. It was just about too dark to appreciate the scenery of the Picos Rin as we descended into the gorge and heard out of it once miles to the south of the J.P.R.R. bridge. The road down and over of this canyon has not a great seem of curves.

"King's Geoloyical Map (M.S.) of the Altuda Quadrangle (April 11-1926). Syenite porphyry of Jim Mountain. Accord- ing to the Naden and Potter maps this syenite in one place or another throughout the Marathon region cuts all formations up to the Comanchean inclusive. Therefore is of Post Comanchean age. King's map shows one sed. formation in contact with the syenite other than Quaternary materials - talus and alluvium "wash." To the N. of Jim Mnt, this dike cuts the Leonard, and from the S.W., in the ex- trame W. of the sheet another dike cuts the Leonard. None of these are connected with faults. Therefore these syenite rocks are cleary Post Permian. King distinguishes between a "Lower Pennsylv- anian (= Tensas and Dimple), and an Upper Penn. I believe to be Saptunk)", and says the two series are separated by an "unconformity." Both span below the Leonard of the Permian to the N. and S.W. of Jim Mnt. In this Quadrangle King has no Gulfcamp, or Han, on the terminal Gilliam and Tensas. Leonard Fm. to N. and S.W. of Jim Mnt. ap- pears to then to W. and finally is cut off by a fault 7 miles W. of Jim Mnt. at base of Cathedral Pts. It is again seen 2 1/4 miles W. of Altuda, west of

S.P.R., on James Rand. Lord Ff. goes as far W. as 1 mile E. of Altuda. Again on the other side of the valley to W and S.W. of Altuda. There one continues. Vidris is last of the Permian in this shut. Above it lies a third conglomerate series whose age is unknown. It is overlain by the Cretaceous.

Saturday Comstock - San Antonio, April 10, 1936, Left Comstock at 7.30 A.M. & it to Del Rio, 30 miles E, at 8:30. The small Eurygyra arietina slat is from 5 miles W. of Del Rio From Del Rio to San Antonio it is 16 1/2 miles. At mr 10 miles W. of Uvalde are stopped at the large road metal quarry in the Cenachua limestone of the upper Cretaceous. Here the lower 12 ft or y li. are chayed through out with asphalt and this forms li. but is a good illustration where oil design looks like under ground. It in this lower that is quarried and the over- lying material is stripped away. The section here is about as follows: Soil at mr 2 feet Chalky li., at mr 5 feet. Impedrious clay 7-10 feet. Asphalt li., about 12 feet. Have of thin layers from pieces. Five miles E. of Uvalde passed a great plug of intrusive Basalt of the Texas Trap Rock Co. And it is in Columina Dallas

In detail see Walda Filir and account Arm. The plug is in the zone of the Bal- Ormes faulting. Other plugs are alluded to. serpentine. I see the sample. Said this the harder road metal in America. Got tr Jan Antonis at J.P.M. Put up at the Senter

San Antonio, April 11, 1926 Sunday Left the hotel at 7:30 and tran looked at the City Park with its Geological Garden, A unique Pearl. Then passed the first Army Port and then 86 miles N.E. to Austin. Arrived at Austin at 11 A.M. Spent most of the afternoon with Keith talking on what tours. In the evening Keith and I called in the Dellards. Austin April 12-13, 1926 a small amount of Packing the fossils and selecting Permian material out of the collections at the Bureau of Economic Geology, Texas University. Made lists of Saptaulk fossils, Wolfcamp fossils, and selected for identification a lot of Upper Ston for fossils. On April 13 bought more Comanchean fossils of Mr Bill. Paid him $30.00 for this lot, and previously paid him $60.00 for the first lot of Comanchean fossils. Save Philip's B. King $200 to have him and his brother make me collections of Permian

ponis in the Glen Mountains. I am to write off to him what I want to have done. I have packed today six boxes of ponis. Then here is the big box Smith birds and maps that came from Yale. Finally there are four ad- ditional boxes of Cimanchean ponis collected by A. A. Brill and In all there are eleven boxes to go by Express to Yale (11 boxes). Philip B. King's brother was given by Yale a $300 Scholarship and is to turn up at Yale in the Fall. He is trying on his unwound Permian collections to send them out at Yale. P.B. King will turn up in the fall of 1927 at Yale. He is a very promising geologist.

Austin, Texas; April 13 - 1926 Tuesday Had Philip B. King to lunch to talk on the Carboniferous of the Oceans Mountains. He deems it safer in the present to regard the Texas-Dimple series distinct from the Baptist, and the two series separated by an erosional un-conformity. In places he finds no Dimple but little Dimple beneath the Baptist which can then be explained as eroded out before Baptist time. Finally the lithology is different, the Texas being more sandy, more chloromeric and cherty, while the Baptist is a series of alternating shales and limestones with fossils usually in evidence while they are rare or absent in the Texas-Dimple series. He thinks of no angular unconformity between Dimple and the Baptist; myself arrived one. Both the Texas-Dimple and the Baptist older folded together, which means at the close of Cretaceous Time. He has at least three places in the Altuda Quadrangle to the W. and S.W. of Iron Mountains where the Texas-Dimple and Baptist series go as folds beneath the Permian series what in this case means Leonard formation.

Delland will ship my eleven boxes of prints and books by Express.

"Austin, April 15-1926 Thursday Attended Keith's lecture last night and then he walked one to the Dallas Hotel. Had some ice cream and at 10 P.M. we said good bye. This morning I packed up and at 11 A.M. Dellars calls for me and takes me to the depot. Just a little before the train starts Mrs Dillard comes to say good bye. We were talking to Hdders son when she came. Mrs Dillard assures one that I made many friends at Austin and that I helped along getting a great deal. At 11:30 I am off for St. Louis in a Pullman. The day is bright and cool - remarkably cool for this place at this time of year. Got to Dallas at 7 P.M. Off again at 5:05 P.M. Retired at 8:45 P.M. En Route To Cincinnati April 16-1926 Left at 6:20 A.M. when the train was in S.W. Ohio- Souri. The day is bright, cool, and there is hardly any sign of budding plants. A few fruit trees about houses earlier from. Left St. Louis on Band O. at noon to get to Cin. Q. at 8:45 P.M.

Cincinnati, O., April 17-18-1926 When the train got to Cin. I met Emma, Alice and Albert at the station waiting for me. Then in Albert came to his home in Norwood. April 17. After breakfast Albert took me to the Burlington Gallery where I spent an hour and a half. Some wicked art here, but outside the pictures all in displayed proof. Because of this and general lack the museum needs inspiration and effectiveness. Then looked around town and 12:30 met Albert at the Sutton Hotel where we had lunch. Then out to Brother Phil to talk on what he should do in the future. His wife says that he is broken down and as he is 62 the best thing to do is to quite all duties. This he will do on Monday and resign his job with the Schlage Co. I am glad that he has come to this conclusion one thing in the end I will have to help him financially. Then started back to Albert's home. April 18, Sunday. Spent the day at Emma's with Phil's and Albert families present. Had a grand dinner here and finally a light supper. Everyone was duced Phil to quit smoking and regain his health. It rained hard last night and in the morning it snowed a little.

Cincinnati, April 19, 1926, Monday. The day is bright but cold - feels freezing. At 9 A.M. I leave Albert home, and he takes me to the railway station. He was to meet me at the Gilman Hotel for lunch at noon, and I waited until 12:40 but he did not turn up. Walked to the depot, had a little to eat and then got on the train wondering all morning about what became of Albert. Four minutes before the train pulled out he turned up, when he had been badly cut on the right knee by a razor barber - the blade slipped and a gash 1 1/2 inches long almost down to the bone. Why does Albert not shave himself, and why does he get to a razor barber? I did not tell him these things, for the evidence shows that Albert is poor of judgment. When the train pulled out I was also most overcome with worry. In a fine Pullman not crowded. Left to Cleveland at 4:20. Retired at 9 P.M. April 20 - 1926 A fine morning at Albany. The Catskills are all white with snow and brown logs in the morning light. We set to N.Y. City at 9:40 A.M. Left at 10 A.M. for New Haven and home once more.

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YALE UNIVERSITY /3820/ PEABODY MUSEUM DATE: April 4 NOTE BOOK 1926 PAGE Loc. 57a Blam Mt. About 4 miles S.W. of summit About 100 feet higher than Loc. 511 About 860 ft above base of Leonard formation COLLECTOR C.S. and Ray Baker

YALE UNIVERSITY MUSEUM Doc. 133 DATE: NOTE BOOK PAGE [illegible]

YALE UNIVERSITY/3820/PEABODY MUSEUM DATE: April 4 NOTE BOOK 1926 PAGE Higher than loc. (5) m Leonard Formation. Fn detail see note from Loc (57) Glen Sts m map Lorret bed of ammonites 760' above base of Leonard on J and front Blanchard

doc. 133

YALE UNIVERSITY 3820/ PEABODY MUSEUM DATE: April 4 NOTE BOOK 1926 PAGE Loc. (57a) blun mt s w form mt About 4 miles About 10 of at higher than Loc. (57). About 860 ft above base of Leonard formation COLLECTOR C.S. and Ray Baker

Doc. 133 [illegible] [illegible]

YALE UNIVERSITY /3820/ PEABODY MUSEUM DATE: April 4 NOTE BOOK 1926 PAGE Higher than loc. (50) in Leonard Formation. For detail see site book, Loc. (57) plan into m map. Location of ann sites COLLECTOR C. S. and [illegible] Blanchard

Doc. 133

YALE UNIVERSITY 3820/ PEABODY MUSEUM DATE: April 4 NOTE BOOK 1976 PAGE Higher than loc. (17) in Leonard Formation. For detail see note from. 760' above base of Leonard loc. (17) Glass Coats, m maps Interbed of amminites COLLECTOR C.S. and Grant Blanchard

MUSEUM Y Doc. 133 YALE UNIVERSITY DATE: NOTE BOOK PAGE [illegible]

TopoZone - Onion Creek, USGS Webberville (TX) Topo Map Modified in red by C.MacClintock,2009 dec.133 Page 1 of 1 IPE970, IPE.971, IPE.972 [377b] TopoZone Copyright 1998-2003 Maps a la carte, Inc. AUSTIN 6 Sprinkle 24 Manor Cem Little RAVIS BROOK Muelier Docker Fliht 5 470 [500] Cem Webberville Sewage Farm disposal Colorado Del Valle River Cr Base E970 Onion Midway Cedar Creek Sanity N peak of E971 IPE971 IPE.972 Whe' [500] CO RIV Luff Spring Or 470 Elroy Elyton 'Coldwell knob' Cedar Creedmoor Cem Cem Cam San Antonio Rd Cedar [450] 21 Cedar Creek Cam [450] M http://www.topozone.com/print.asp?lat=30.20577&lon=-97.58778&s=500&size=l&u=4&la... 1/9/2008 0 3 6 9 12 15 km 0 2 4 6 8 10 mi UTM 14 635930E 3342430N (NAD83/WGS84) Onion Creek, USGS Webberville (TX) Quadrangle Projection is UTM Zone 14 NAD83 Datum M=4.946 G=0.711 [illegible]

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IPE .00970 37767 Midway (Epocrene) of labels writing up to Canada, Ecuador, also one in Midland E. third location and here are the Canda river off Montepeco. 4) Odonnells and across Onion Coast to the Gulf area where some the word. So half been Onin Creek that turns near into Colorado River So half a known as East Base and is a Magnificent other, the region in Forest Narrows, but has Georgina of this end an E. Endemans = Teyhin. This side is classification after return to Yale. Friday Jan. 15-1926. Triggs, Paul Quadrant at 11:30 that we in his can to see some free collection ground, are around embankment and the Upper Caddo area along the south side of the Colorado River and at Florida. The Quarantine are landed in the bank of the river, one hour here to an inspection of plant life to Estacoma, &c all on a cliff like that with no hard areas attack some than trees seen by bird's nest some fine from above. finds that not only Nadia are Georgina / 2 but is that in many cases have lost grades. Stand firm in the stream bed one large Tamarind and a piece of a red-river like piece, or the more limit branches with arm licks of Gramine. To see bottom area there is a little milled bottom, and special it was to school the Georgina area also about 400 ft. probably have two limited about five feet from attachment and then in pieces of any time / life. just what this one middle. Myrtle, Cutler has shown in regard to the site and said second make such a great first mess into the modern scale letters.

From the Carriage and found himself and his wife in the carriage to get out. He was then taken to the farm, and there found them sitting by the fire. Mrs. Coddington came in and said she had been ill for two days, but now felt better. The doctor ordered her to rest more, and he also advised Mr. Coddington to take a trip with his wife to a place where they could enjoy themselves. They went to the beach and had a wonderful time. They enjoyed the scenery and the fresh air. They also ate some delicious food at a local restaurant. After returning home, Mrs. Coddington felt much better. She thanked the doctor for his help and said she would follow his advice in the future. The doctor smiled and told her that he was glad to see her improving. He wished them both good health and happiness. They parted ways with smiles on their faces, knowing they had shared a special moment together.

or fairs, and pleasure in their very face, Abercorn (Cotocania up to 3/4 of my love) common, God knows he does not in the end. Guilt in Hethel and Arnold with death added and then cleared at home. When this is done over him to 70 degrees only be the number of is word to be finished. And now has a firm Then one ordered out to the kitchen, and next 2 miles further S.E. to a wood that met in. Olay this wind me over for 2 miles it was You may think about it and I need not bother. They made tents from a four floor army of two 10 to 20 feet high in the field on formation, this is O. Henry Gardner. In the morning had a long talk with one of my men who does nothing in October and some good.

BOOOSTS CROP PROSPECTS Ranks of Snow-Men Appear As Austin Celebrates 25-Year Record Fall. Old and young in Austin continued a winter frolic Sunday as the heaviest snow of history in this section of the state melted under the sun's rays which appeared from behind grey clouds Sunday fore- oon for the first time in over 36 hours. The record breaking snow which began falling at 6 o'clock Saturday morning continued steal- ing through Sunday night and until 2:30 o'clock Sunday morning mak-ing a continuous fall of over 24 hours and spreading a six inch cover of white over the city and surrounding country. According to old-time residents, nothing com-parable to this blizzard had ever been seen here. Youthful residents of the univer-sity district and the downtown sec-tion reveling in the heaviest snow seen here and the first community of the year, gathered near the park for winter sports as hastily impro- vised snow sleds were seen on many of the city Sunday morning. Before traffic had charmed the last inch snow into dirty slush partially covering the streets and filling the lateral, many a little automobile was being operated by its owner, the young, and riding along the streets with glee as they enjoyed the novelty of making hundreds of snow-men. Downtown Battle Ground. The corner of Seventh and Con-gress avenue became a smirlyal battle ground about 10:30 o'clock Sunday morning when a group of lads on opposite sides of the street and picked a fight in the rival group raced up and down the streets and picked a fight. The lads, who were told to turn each side of the block between Seventh and Eighth streets with snowballs from the carriages, Snow Sculptors Reveal. Snow men in the yard of Roy A. Miller, 604 West Sixth street, near the Central and Guadalupe street fire stations attracted considerable attention. Final at completion was more than a half inch and 22 feet around at the base.

Re: YPM numbers.... Subject: Re: YPM numbers... From: "JOCELYN ANNE SESSA" <[email protected]> Date: Mon, 18 Feb 2008 13:36:15 -0500 To: Susan Butts <[email protected]> Hi Susan, The trip to Texas was excellent, so much material to work with!! I have a few updates for you: IPE.00971 & 00972 - I think are both the Wills Point formation. 00970 is likely Wills Point as well (I didn't actually see any fossils from this particular collection). For all three, the county is mislabeled and should be Bastrop. I didn't visit them, but these outcrops, or equivalent strata very nearby, are still exposed on the Colorado River. They are described in: Zachos, L. G., C. L. Garvie, and A. Molineux. 2005. Definitive locations of Paleocene and Eocene marine fossil localities, Colorado River, Bastrop County, Texas. The Texas journal of science 57(4):317-328. And of course, I have a question I can read most of Schuchert handwriting, but can't understand what he wrote on the page facing where you delineated the different locs - the last line says " So my fossils come from XXXX Midway" and you underlined it and wrote "important to you?" and within IPE 971 "What we saw here was less than 10 ft of XXX Midway all XXXX (perhaps 'highly') fossiliferous" I can scan the note page if you don't have it handy. Much thanks!! I'll keep you updated on how processing and identifying goes. ~ Jocelyn On Wed, Jan 16, 2008 04:51 PM Susan Butts <[email protected]> wrote: Hi Jocelyn, Mark has the white copy of the loan form in his envelope. You just got the "cc" letter, the "plan to publish" form, and the loc info. Mark, Please return that white loan form when you get a chance! Thanks! It's not particularly urgent (why do I ever say that??? it is like an invitation to ignore the form -- hey, get that form in ASAP!). Have fun in Texas! Let me know if you have any modifications on the localities I made for the Schuchert locs (hopefully not "under parking lot of new housing development/walmart store/etc., Utley, TX"). Susan. JOCELYN ANNE SESSA wrote: Hi Susan, I received the loan and the locality info today - much thanks! I am leaving tonight for a collecting and museum trip to the Austin, TX region, so having 1 of 2 3/6/2008 10:04 AM

Re: YPM numbers... the maps and Schuchert notes will be extremely helpful. Yet another question (sorry!) -- in your letter, you state that Mark should return the white copy of the loan form to you. Is this the 'Plan to publish' form? I don't think that is the correct form...I went through the box of specimens and materials, but there is only a yellow packing slip in that box. I'll be checking email when I can during my trip, and I've cc'ed Mark to this email in case something needs to be done immediately. In any case, I'll be back from my trip and working on these specimens on Jan 23rd. Thanks again, Jocelyn -- Susan H. Butts, Ph.D. Collections Manager Division of Invertebrate Paleontology Peabody Museum of Natural History Yale University 170 Whitney Avenue PO Box 208118 New Haven, CT 06520-8118 Jocelyn Sessa The Pennsylvania State University 542 Deike Building University Park PA 16802 2 of 2 3/6/2008 10:04 AM