Field Notebook: Arctic 1979

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR DI-6 APPROVED DECEMBER 1941 1979 (ARCTIC)

5102 5103 5104 5105 5106 5107 5108 5109

Arctic JUNE 12 LEAVE MONTREAL at 10:10 a m Nordair Arrive Frobisher BAY 12:30 pm Temp 36OF Hans De Bruijn's luggage lost at Resolute Arrive Resolute 3:05 p.m. Temp 220F Dorm room at Polar CONTINENTAL Shelf Headquarters. Checked boxes JUNE 13. DAY at Resolute Repacked and inventoryed boxes for shipment by Twin Otter Sent letters Quiet day. Film #2 RESOLUTE TRIP N. TO Axel Heiberg LANDING in STRAND Fjord Ax. Hei at 8:20 SET UP CAMP UNTIL 12 P.M. Ice of Ice BerGs in frozen Fjord Blue wht green.

Ay Hei - Strand Fjord. June 14. Rose at 6:45 landio at 7. - 5°c Purple Saxifrage just starting to bloom on rocky cliff terraces facing S, toward Sunn fjord. S. oppositifolia - light snow & sun.

JUNE 14- light snow 791 STBAND FLOOD S E facing BANK on STREAM META seq of Sumbr shales fr x bedded fluuv. Buff SS | S-10f thick BASE freq massive Bec, x-bedded then ll bedded upward 5100 PLANT in Bloom SE facing SHALEY ROCKY DARK BROWN loose slope. PLS in siderite Fern moraeg. Cercidi. Braya humilis poss. subsp arctica

6/14/79 -3°C 2836m above above 792 STRAND FIOR D CLAY iron stone in W float just below coral Cord Cercidiphyllum large lvs. Zelkova - Ulmus type leaf a/su. Lower(?) EUREKA SOUND FM, ALTERNATING sequence of COAL, SHALE, SANDSTONE sequence gets SS, FG, friable, med grey COAL- Some beds to 10', sometimes all SHAILE- dark grey, chippy, carb cont? SILTST or mudst. SS- yellow, x bedded, massive toward base, X-bedded in middle, tending to be [illegible] bedded finer grained toward top. BASEL CONTACT abrupt Lower PART of FM Seems

6/14/79 792, Compared of these cyclothemes Fossil plants occur in sideritic concretionary beds in shales below coals.

6/13/ Flown from Resolute in ASS by DUNK. Landed on SKIS on ICE of the Fjord abt 60' from shore Pilot Then inspected the ice nearer shore for cracks and TAXIED plane 20' closer. Hauled boxes uphill abt 30' to Campsite, took until 12 o'clock setting up. Radio, RMT, Logan & sleeping tents & unloading some boxes of gear. Bury wrench for barrel of white gas left in plane had to bang it out w/ hammers next day Several Blue & white ice bergs in Fjord some small Cracks close to shore. Weather started to break down after 12 am 6/14 Snow all day.

6/15/79 on N side of S Trand Fjord, Axel Heiberg Is. Snow in Am accumulating to 4", Temp From -60C to +70C Fairly uneventful day. Cleared after lunch - spectacular views. Discussed Cladistics, Hans DiBrijon quieter research

6/16/79 Bo11 3 # 22 Lower Eureka Sound Fm. Coals in middle cliff Ice Berg STAND Fig'ord. 2268 PACES = 9000' Edge of Camp to Land Fall 3 # 23 Spiny, W ES Fm

Temp. 0°C 6/16/79 Cloudy 794.- UNK AXIS of Syncline 1-2' JUST Above 8' COAL SEAM Pollen Sample in Lig. Shales above. Mega fossils, Minocyt Osmunda groenlandica Glyptostrobus ? 795 - Up slope abt 300' NW of Junction of 2 Streams. 796A 15' BITUMINOUS COAL SEAM in SS-SH fluvi. seq. amber 8' from top of Cuni 796 B From sideritic ledge 20' below 796 A Comptonia sp. AT LEAST 300' below 796 in Siderite AT top of an impure 6' COAL Metaseq occ. Cerciphyllum

16 6/16/79 797 Sequoia cone in float in srram ss. in ss, in place in a sideritic sequence 20' below 797' Metasequoia & Cercidiphyllum (large) occur Slope 500' (map) above 797 Conifer wood w 1mm growth rings 6/17/79 7910 From camp to 7910 where dip taken. ss is prominent in section below (srram) This ss are thin & sect, is finer grained and more carbonaceous. Dip: 88° S

6/17/79 Up STREAM forming CAMP DELTA Loc. 798 Dip 75-80° 6 in u ss h[illegible] in shale, ss/high at stgy Dip - 100' N = 78° Roll 3 #28 about 500' N of 798 Pene contemporaneous Folding of ss. 799 Ripple mark current ripples Dip 89.5° in ss, ledge. Occur at top of Buff wh. 6' thick ss Basal 2' massive middle 21x bedded & disrupted. Upper 2' RII to ripple marked 7910 notes on preceding page

6/17/79 PX 32 Caliche 200' UPSTR from Dip 81's point. Cophles in Terrace gravel 7811 marine SIT ST. greenish Grey w. VENTUS TYPE shells. WHITTLED TO BASE OF AGGREGATE reddish // top of brownish w. Hexagonal CRACKS on TOP KANGUK Fm This bed contains Inoceramus UP TO 1 1/2' in diameter This is well within the Kanguk Fm. mostly marine shells w/ minor SS thin dark grey w light grey beds. 7912 mapped BASE of Eureka SW Fm Fb X bedded ss w Carb frags. X bedded r // bedded.

6/17/79 Eureka Sound Fm 7913 100 yds downstream from lunch place at 7912 under clay w/ roots & carb sh. 7913 A- under clay silt w/ Equistum rhizomes 7913 B Shale, Carb. EUREKA SOUND FM Not Equisetum - Rhizomes or whatever were not jointed. 7914 Chippy laminated 200' th. Carb siltst x sh. BASE of seq 7914A = Base of sequence, middle 7914 B Carb mudst, non- laminated/ From seq. of at least 200' of siltst, sh, complex beds. Color of seq very dark grey abt 50' above confluence of a major creeks above this (STRAT) is SS logger 7

6/17/79 Eureka Sound Fm Top of sequence 7914 C. Chop SITST & Shale 60' From top of CARB sequence 7914 D BASALT debris in situ w/ near pollen Sample found in sandier intrbed w/ SITST & Sh.

6/17/79 Eureka Sound Fm 7915 50' Below Confluence Of Two major streams. Base -> 7915A Fissile BLACK CARB Shale at base of 100' sequence of shales 7915 B middle of seq 11th fo 7915 A 7910 C Top of seq 11th to 7915/A 7916 About 1000' Below Confluence Asilty dark grey underclay w root & stem Impressions. This is same loc as 7910

6/17/79 Eureka Sound Fm 7917 A Chippy dark grey Shale 2' above SS. 7917 B. Greenish grey mudst. 20' above 7917 A 7918 Carb, fissile sh 3' above Buff A-beded SS; w plant frags. Loc is 200' below (down- stream) from 7917, 7919 200' Downstream from site 799 on West Bank

Eureka Sound Fm. 7920 Major Fossil PLANT LOC. Averrhites aff in siderite conchs in a carb shale m & 2' above dirty massive ss. 2' higher at top of SHALE SIDERITE forms crosses TOP (WITH NOW) 1AM SITST - MUDST. META SEGUINA Cercid, Phyllum Betula & OTHERS. 4/18/79 Census of Locality Upper bed siderite conch in thin-beded siltstone at base of fern sand x body ss 2' thick # ## ### #### ##### # ## ### #### ##### ##### ###### bush layer marked '09 by 2cm thick meat Cercid. and Cercid 2 Av. af. // meta -> Cercid 17 Meta. oc. ### ### ### // with amher

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6/18/79 7921 50' upstream from next locality (7922) marked on air photo From 1' Chocolate Br. bindst. above 2 1/2' coal on 1' punky strat earth developed from vfq ss. Capping chocolate br. mudst. is massive 5' thick ss w gypsum efflorescon creaceous probably Knox 7922 Brown slicken sided montmorillonitic clay Toward base cap 6' thick capping punky + salt. gypsiferous mod grey STST, creaceous probably

61879 7920 SHORT SECTION of Fossil PLANT LOC, w/ levels of collecting indicated. us. at 3010m 2284m at KANG (285m above BASES FM) 0. Section starts on a punky SFTST, med grey MASSIVE carb /w WHITE GALT / fluorescence. becomes punky & slickensided HTOP. 1 m Shale at base w siderite conchs mottled - greenish Brown 7920 B - Averrhoites layer. 0-0.7 M from base in siderite CONCS x Shale Shale becomes SITy & Laminate. bedded in 2-3' beds in upper 1.0 meters. 3m SFTST grading upward into X bedded VFg SS. THIN coal "p" at base made up of METASCYOA lUG. Basal 0.25 m w siderite CONCS . X

bearing leaves 7920 A. Cercid layer SS becomes punky in u. 0.12m. 4 m. Laminated to thinly bedded MU DST. W/ STRINGERS of CUAI SHALEY AT BASE, more THICKLY BEDDED TOWARD TOP color brownish grey GRADING upward INTO SC 4.5M SS. leaves META SEG. CERCID IN BASAL 0.05 m. X bedded, LT. GREY, CARB ON LAMINATE BECOMING PUNKY TO TOP 4.8m 5M LHM X THINLY BEDDED SITST. W/ COMPLEX PARTINGS GRADING UPWARD TO 5.3 m GX bedded, LT. BR. GREY VFY SS LEAVES IN BASAL 0.1 m -

7920 6/10/79 5.9m coal & shale seq grading upward to 7.3m SS. lx bedded. vfg., IT br 2vex BASAL 0.12m sideritic concs. w 7920C META, gericld, 0wo Osmundia upper 0.5 m. w root s & becoming brownish massive 8.6m lignite on a seat earth dev. from SS. 9.1m lig. Shap. 9.3m Mase of SS. x-laminated w. 7920 D large leaves forms prom. ledge 12.3m Top of SS. ledge

6/18/79 7923 Pollen Sample 7923 A Carb shs x mud sts, laminated at base of 11 TA bedded STS T. X 7923 B from carb mud st. above it in high last lignitic zone expected in Camp creek Canyon East west wall. White Creek emerges on to delta on East Creek

6/19/79 5102 B Braya humilis subsp arctica Stony clay x silty S. facing slope of 35° above small trib to Sweet Fern Creek. 5103 Grum stony s facing steep slope of small stream.

6/19/79 7924 sample at base of 10' COAL Subbituminous Seq consists of TOP 10' COAL 0.7' Vfg LE, yell grey SS w roots 7924 A -> 0.8' Brown crumbly siltst. 7924 B -> 0.2' Brown lig. siltst. ------------------ Located on Irth of Main Creek at 796 Avd 7924 C 20 ft above coal at base of 20' SS; Dip here 35° W. = 796 A&B on air photo

6/19/79 7925 Purple marked SS at top of SS bed w/ Cercidiophyllum leaves & fruits 3" below surface. Cercidiophyllum seems to be replacing PLATANUS. 7926 Pollen sample in dark Shale 6" above lignite. Trib of West River, lowest pollen sample on West River,

6/19/79 7927 Petrified conifer wood from 6" log. 1 mm growth rings. Just 40' downslope from 797 in a shale sequence. Also associated w lignites & siderite nodules w metaseq seq cones Roots monocots Petrified sticks of coniferi in some sid. cones. These also w growth rings. 400' lower (down stream ) Another piece conifer wood w/ 1-1.5 mm growth rings. 7928 Pollen sample from shale seq. in SS & lignitic interval E bank of creek in syncline axis.

6/20/79 Stratigraphic position of locs on Air Photo A16836-28 loc 7912 Mapped see base of Eureka Sound Fm. 0 m major leaf locality on EAST River 2500 m above base loc. 7920 6/17-18 loc 7923 Highest pollen loc on EAST Creek. 2700 m lowest pollen loc on west River. 3400 m TOTAL ESTIMATED THICKNESS OF EUREKA SOUND Fm From KANGUK Fm to axis of Syncline 3900 m

T=h sin\n\nθ

Rough Position of major features in STAND FIJORD 4 Km Camp 7920 7923 middle River 1-91-36t, '79E-16-1 Pollo WEST A. 354-141 1-91-36-1 NANUKES

6/20/79 7929 LEAVES from siderite at top of s1 prominent ss. ledge just below coal: Ampelopsis (Cercid?) METAseq. Betula Large Cercidiphyllum Equisetum Conifer wood w 3mm very pronounced growth rings 7930 Just 200m east of 7929 on east side of small drainage Large METAseq Cercidiphyllum

6/21/79 PACKED CAMP AT Strand Fjord ready to leave by 12 m. Low Fog prevented pilot from landing went on to Eureka to refuel. Returned at 21:30 p.m. and found clear conditions. Flew over Pt Margaret Range looking at huge central Ax Heiberg ice fields Flew to Whitsundy Bay then north to Mokka Fjord and after pass over proposed field area of Bydve River pilot could not land as his plane still on skis and ice had gone off small lakes on ground. A. Imbrig met Ashton Imbrig of GSC at their camp west of Eureka reached by wading. Fortunately their helicopter had arrived at 8:30 with pilot willing to fly us. Made it in 03 trips slinging cargo.

sipped port wine in front of cook tent after camp set up at 1.4am to celebrate solstice.

6/22/79 Foshorn Peninsula Ellesmere I Eureka Sound Fm 7931 Sideritized Trunk Section w 2-3 mm growth rings on Canada Photo A-16734-63 Roll 5 #1 x 2 TABULAR X-bedding in Braided STREAM / Eureka S. Fn from 5/17/79 4T 7932 Pollen Sample top of a 2' lignite above a (1' well ind, ferruginous) x bedded SS beds [illegible] into platy fragments. 6/23/79 Apparently K Kanguk Fm Same bed as found 21cm north of 7933 on photo 6/23/79 Area of Camp. Eureka Sound Fm mostly very thick angular, poorly sorted darkose w/ Tabular X bedding. Interp. as braided stream deposits. Some lignite(?) redop lentic SS but in very minor quantity,

6/22/79 Eureka Sound FM here records bridle streams high energy nearwre to source area (SAWTOOTH MT THRUST SHEET TO EAST) A very different unit from that on Axel Herberg, Caalex Cark Shs. Quartzose figs.

6/23/79 7933 Hill east of Camp Creek Triceraamus in siderite siderite nace of a carb shaly sty. Cretaceous! Abd Pholadomya ? sp + other mollusk. - 2 km north Hill of flaggy ferryy br. yellow ss indicated (3') capped by 2' lign x carb shale looks same as chat sampled at 792 Loc. 7933 indicates ENHT large area around center of slider anticline has been mismapped as Eureka Sound fm when in reality it is partial marine and

6/23/79 of same LITH Kanguk Fm Kanguk could be same then exactly as at Strand Fjord as it probably predates The Princess Margaret Arch forming central spine of A. Hebb Is. Eureka Latest K v Paleoc. rx. on other hand, would typically be expected to be different as Areas C v W of arch were undergoing sep. developments where phys. separate. Concept of Eureka Sound Fm. is a general wastebasket for latest K v TERT. non marine above marine section (Bull 320) Foshelin pen. is type area and if it's so badly defined here there then it is very difficult to extend it to distant areas

6/24/79 7934 Pollen sample from Shales 1' above coal (2½ft) above light grey arkosic f.g. ss (6') roots at top syneresis x in middle, 6 km west of Slichter Anticline Camp. on Canada Map Repro Center Dept of Mines & Resources photo A-16987-2 W of 7934 section becomes coaler, with lt grey ss alt w shales, yellow brown siltst. lym, possibly into Elreka sound Fm. EAST of this outcrop more like typical complex silt. k.s.fax.

6/24/79 5104 White mustard on stity slope facing S. Ellsmere near loc. 7934 5105 white mustard. slopy slope 4 Km west of Slide anticline camp Both are Draba nivalis 5106. 1 Km [illegible] of slide anticline camp. on dry clayey top of low divide between 2 creeks divide maybe 60' higer than creeks. Cerdistium alpinum

6/25/79 7935 Single STUMP 10c AIT, sequence of shales SITSs, Coals x 55. Supposedly w standing stump, not found. This is Fossil Stump 10c of M.J. McMillan p 401 CGS Bull 320. Photo - A-16987-4 Terrestrial Somber Lignitic Eureka Sound Fm 7936 AIT layer (Arch Sh Lign.), siderite (brick red) w/ plant stem imp. + lignitized wood Frag. Some standing, all w/ growth rings. 2 Abt 1800m above base ES. Fm. Using Thorstensen's map 1298A 1 1/3 m N of 7935 Dip slope W of creek. Pinnate leaf over 10cm long (Abt 20cm) metrasequoia Cercidiphyllum other leaves. same photo as 7935

6/25/79 5106 DRABA step SW Pitching Sandy slope at loc. 7937 EAST Breaks of Hot Weather Creek. 7937 EAST BANK HOT WEATHER Creek - Photo A-16734-62 Cercid. Carya anthy. Corylus. Sequoia dominant metasequoia Possible paraNymphraet from siderite cones in a shale 6-10' above a coal. + 5 add. species of unident incl Acer. Dip of 15° to S across S (west) Hot Weather Creek from loc. 7937a Concret SS Horizon 30' Below 7937 Equisetum

6/25/79 7938 Pollen Sample Eureka Sound Fm. Pollen from laminated mudst, 1.5 feet below a 6 inch coal seam at a cut off meander just upstream of the leaf loc. 7937. On photo A-16734-62 Work of 6/25 Restores faith in ES Fm as a practical unit in local area which can be distinguished from marine & perhaps lower Deltaic Kanguk This is same unit as we recognized at 7934 and to the west. Choi (w lett. 3/1/82) Reports Camp-Mastr. age on Dinos.

6/26/79 3439 PACKED CAMP and moved at 12:00 M. FLEW [illegible] NE bx ENG around MI, end of SAWTOOTH RANGE further N. POINT 80° 20' landed in SOUTH BAY AREA 2 mi S, OF SOUTH BAY. SET UP CAMP TOOK NAP.

6/27/79 7939 WEST FORK OF "BIRCH CREEK" OF "MOORE" RIVER. SOUTH BAY PHOTO 16606-69 Eureka Sound Fm. FOSSIL PLANTS AT BASE OF 12 foot sect of Dunn Colored MARISTONE BASAL 3' IS SANDY X grades downward INTO X bedded sequence W PLANT hash on bedding SURFACES. FLORA. Betula DOMINANT 99% CARYA - 2 LEAFLETS Equisetum ROOTS or RUSHES. Dip 10° to WEST 7939a 1000' DOWNSTREAM IN SAME HORIZON Betula CHAMECYPARIS OR SIM. GENUS. Equisetum

6/27/71 7940 Pollen samples A - from laminated siltst about 40' above level of "Birch" Creek. B. lignitic shale 2' high Same Photo Eureka Sound Fm 7941 50' downstream from 7940 and 150' above coal transition to a marly seq. of Abt 120'thew back to coalex above Osmunda sp. Metasequoia Equisetum Anemia ? Eureka Sound Fm.

6/27/79 Eureka Sound FM Here has all coals mudst, shales, but only mrnvr ss y conley sequence freq cards in a marlstone. base of marlstone or top fss, beneath has [illegible] predominant color of section is [illegible]. looks like loss clastic supply with a lacustrine phase developing at top of conley for swamp phase.

6/28/79 7942 NORTH SIDE OF MIDDLE FORK OF "BIRCH" CREEK IN FLOAT IN NAIVNE GOING TO UPLAND CERCIDOPHYLLUM META SEQUOIA POSS. PLATANUS ? 7543 AMMONITE IN GRITTY SILICEOUS FLOAT BLOCK ON NARLY SLOPE FACES COVERED WITH ANGULAR BLOCKS OF SIMILAR MATERIAL OCCUR AT FAIRLY REGULAR INTERVALS UP SLOPE THIS IS FLOAT X NOT IN BEDROCK MA FOUND BRACHIOPODS ETC 7944, SEQ IS NOW MARLY W/ HEDS LOT IS TO 4' METASEQUOIA FRAY IN IS 16'+500' ABOVE 7943 THIS IS AN IN PLACE IS BAD

6/28/79 7945. on saddle in coxley 3 eg marly bed just below 31 CoxI Meta sequoia Equis dr um phss. Ampelopsis snails laterally a small hash encountered on Bedding planes 7946 Birch leaves in dark br. grey ss

6/28/79 5107 Draba beside boulder on stony W facing slope.

6R8/79 7947 Almost in float block of IS, by stream. Should be examined carefully to see if really Alms. The sequence at South Bay is predominantly lacustrine or at least starved of clastics. The predominating sequence is SS - mudst cross strat. carb sh.- limm, marlst, to SS. Marlst freq follows the dep of SS. This is 1000 m at most, in thickness probably more like 3000 m. A very different facies of the Eureka Sound Fm if indeed it is at all, should probably be considered a separate Fm. Mac Mary say E.S is marine at S end of Wolf Valley.

POSITUR: Palms would not have grown in Arctic given present palm inclination even if mean ann temp & min temp allowed them. CANNOT shed leaf, indeed they are herbs whose trunk is really leaf bases. :. Absence of palms (thus far) in record is not per se evidence that climate was not virtually frost free.

6/29/79 5108 Draba white Fl. on steep Stony slope facing S. Counted leaf whorls of one plant + found 25+ 25 years? Draba alpina

6/28/79 South Bay Birch Creek N Side 7948 Betula (some very large) Chamaecyparis ? Equisetum Typha? rhizome in final cut of Birch Creek before reaching head of its delta Fossils in sand & marly beds interbedded w/ a soft clay sh & marl seq. mollusk sample Large genus of Hamamelid. on photo A 16606-69 7949. ON E. bank of Birch Creek just 200' upstream from 7948 and in silt over beds large Hamamelid leaf over 8" long minocut rhizomes ? Equisetum Betula metasequoia (rare) photo A 16606-69

mac's note 796-24-1 At month of major St. Valley lvi. From slump block of dirty grey ls. Equisetum Metaequus betula - dominant for years Large palmate lf. 796-29-2 100 yards upstream Betula - dominant misch. Eastward uphill remained very fertile/erous w med gr. brownish ss Thin coal beds Top of Section lacustrine Then sand coal sequence Fluvial feature?

6/30/71 Flew from South Bay at 12:30 To Lake Beds continued south To vic of Mount Moore where darker lapihed again in evidence LANDED at 150 on scoria slope. at Bay Fjord set up tents in High wind

(crossed out) 6/30/79 7/11/79 12th July Find Area 7950 Hillslope of small bay of I st Bath cona Ford s of Camp. Bridgerian Mammal fauna found here (see also 7/12/79) 2 logs Conifers w/ [illegible] growth rings. 2 Hemlockid leaves w/ concentric zones. + 12 Logs + Stumps w/ growth rings All Conifer. Px Roll 6 - 26-30 Stumps close up of growth rings. Frozen Ford + stump. Found Fossils of Metasequoia foliage cones Cercidiphyllum

7/11/79 7250 Cntd. In Siderite since. now altered to CLAY IRONSTONE + 7 Conifer Ironwiss or limb sections w/ growth rings from 1203 m From 50 to 100 m above & 40 m below WEST 799-1-1 Vert. Site Metasequoia Glyptostrobus (Cone scale) Cetroid; phylum 2 sp large hemimedul? Entire fragment, 3 in, pine etc. (Ht?) Monocots Fossils occur. Occur in clay ironstone impregnated ss just above coal beds. ss consists of thin interbedded w/ ss x carb sh. in repetitive sequence SS, friable, med to fg, light grey to lime/ore buff stained.

7/11/99 Fossil verts here found On concretion (55-5155?) in association w sideritic debris. The concretions here are concentrated in a zone at the base of 55 body that blows immediately above the [illegible]. They grade upward into these [illegible] concretals incorporate a fair amt of sand grains. In addition they [are] frequently contain spongy masses of plant matter often rolled. These look as if they may have originally been "WAO" or bog iron ore - limonite- sideritic - rather than siderite originally. This would indicate at least more oxygenated through flowing waters during the slowly phase w probable lower acidity. Could the Eureka Sound lowland have been less acid & better drained in the later.

7/11/79 phases of Eureka Tectonic Event and thus have allowed the preservation of Vertebrates?

7/2/99 High winds all day no field work Sleet & snow showers in evening after wind calmed.

7/13/79 7951 Polka sample from II bedded silty, splay deposits 12 m above prominent coal forming black dip slope wall on W margin of the out crop arc. Walking down to this point along dip slope wall found 14 logs/trunks w/ 1-2 mm growth rings, all coniferous. +1 limb sect. SPLAY w/ many horizontal logs + limbs (light sized) in coarser interbeds. I large 3x3' block mdd. yell grey fr. water is or marls. block found in slope wash on E dips face. Contains mollusks + wood. Rare 1 marly bed occurs in sequence abt 70' above [illegible] Dip Slope Coal.

7/3/79 Does not have equivatum. But does contain mollusks. - 6 add stump & trunk sections w/ 1-2 mm growth rings. All comfits This is base of shale-coal unit on Mall's section. Acc. to Mac it's lower Bridgerian based on verts. 7952 Abt 1/4 mi NEAST of 7951 and 500' higher in section. Limonite cones above first of a series of 5 prominent cone beds making up the top of the section on the E side of this area of exposure. cercitiphyllum frag. pos. Betula frag. This is a large leaf that is at least Hamamelid. in its aff. Center parts of some cones here is weathered siderite.

-W

7/3 7952 (contd.) INDICATING THAT AT LEAST These were deposited in originally reduced form rather than as 'wood' From 1/2 way from 7951 to 7952 12 conifer Trunks w/growth rings 1-2 mm counted 6 more logs w/growth rings all conifer between 7952 and base of 30' CMT stem forming Top 1/4 section along E. wall of valley

7/3/79 7953 LEAVES IN CLAY IRONSTONE 2m above Dip Slope Coal) metasequoyite + Hamamelid leaf on photo A166-06-86 This is thick coal unit just below base of Shale-Coal Unit in Mails section. Acc. to Verts it (coal) should be on bdy between WHSATCHIAN-MIOGEMIAN.

7/3/79 TREE RINGS APPEAR TO BE EXTREMELY UNIFORM IN THICKNESS MORE SO THAN NORMAL TAXODIROID CONIFERS? THIS MAY BE A FUNCTION OF CONTROL BY ONSET OF ARCTIC NIGHT WHICH WOULD BE INVARIABLE IF NEITHER CLIMATE OR RAINFALL WERE LIMITING THEN ONLY SOURCE OF VARIATION MAY WOULD BE HEALTH OF INDIV TREE - INSECT ATTACK, FUNGAL DAMAGE IN A YEAR. WILL MEASURE RING WIDTHS X V VARIATION AGAINST MODERN TAXODIROID CONIFERS.

7/4/79 High wind (15-20 mph) x Snow all day starting at 2:30 a.m. Temp -3 to +3°C No Field wood Shot off flare for 4½h,

7/5/79 Snow till 6 A.M. Too deep to work Gradual clearing w shift of wind O to NW from S. Snow showers INTERMITTANT w/ sun -3 to 0°C

7/6/79 7954. EASTERN EXPOSURES = WEST 7-18-7 Photo 1660 C-68 Cercidiphyllum in clay ironstone Dip of beds W side of Valley wall at 7954 C 20° W on east side looks like 60° W. Mammals from loc: 7954 - 7957 LATEST WA1ATCHIAN TO EARLY Bridgerian

7/6/79 79.55 In sec. of SS, Shs & Clay, ironstint nodules 10-15' below prominent coal seam. HAN'S LOCALITY Glypto.strbus or Sequoia Nelumbo Acter large leaves up to 12" long DOMINANT. Monocot frags. Equisetum. Generally low diversity flora May be Betula or Alnus,

7/6/79 7906 SAME INTERVAL 500' S (toward Flord) Sequoia or Glyptostrobus other us dicots. but fragmentary Betula or Alnus Equisetum

7957 E. side of STREAM VALLEY in a sequence of river- bedded lignites x sandy clays, Fossil leaves occur in siderite cones now altered largely to limonite Sequoia or Glyptostrobus acer Equisetum Betula - like leaf 2 other Hamamelid leaf types 2 Entire-margined, oblong leaves w/ irregular venation (ir) Ovate pinnat leaf w/ p serrulations 2 Seeds of 2 types. Carya cf antiquorum Several ft. Sometimes Cercidiphyllum arcticum

7/7/79 P C. Temp +3°C WESTERN EXPOSURES abt 3/4 mile N of STRATHcona Fiord Base of Upper NM sect of E.S. fm Exposed Series of coals w interbedded friable grey & ferruginous yellow fgs ss siderite nodules above u just below coal intmss on W side of Valley E dip of section brings up the marine sequence. This consists of interbedded coals, siltst & marly vfs ss some of which is indurated. One ledye found which breaks hor, roots, showing plants in place. Shells found in siltst 'marine' should be understood as Fluvio-marine probably deltaic.

7/31/79 7958 From Scoria of Burned 2nd lignite from above 14. 20-6 Photo No A-16728-95 On Red topped hill separate from main exposures by a small stream. 1 1/2 Mile N. of 10-6 From Glyptostropus "Cocculus" sp. 5 1/2 in lrg Cocculus flabella Metasequoia occ. (Dom) Large monocot leaf Axis w leaf scar bearing double trace. Acer sp. (Dom) Pterospermites cordatus. Carya antiquorum Pinnate, asymm. ent. mar. 1fz. Averchoites affinis Cercidiphyllum arcticum Census 5 Averchoites affinis IIII 3 Cerculiphyllum arct. III 37 Metasequoia IIIIII IIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIII

7/7/79 3958 57 Acer [illegible] 1 Equisetum 1 4 Carya ant. IIII 6 Glyptostrobus III 1 3 large monocot lf III 1 Unknown 1 7959 From EAST side of valley in area of vertebrate exposures from clay concretions in a clayey, firmable vfq, ss above the 1st coal above vert. level 10-6 Several hundred lateral yards Metasequoia acc Don exposure Acer sp Don Cercidiphyllum fruit? loc large monocot leaf PLATANUS sp. looks archaic Carya antiquorum A-16728-95

7/7/79 7960 Same setting as 7959 but from clay ironstone nodules in a sand immediat above the 1st s[illegible] coal below 10-6. This is very level. Glyptostrobus meta sequoia Cercidiphyllum Photo A - 16728-95

7/18/79 Sunny 5°c 7961 N Nose of Fault Syncline located on photo =MD 2x 40' Below Mary's Coryphodon 70'-100' Above C [illegible] Loc. 49 MAC WEST in a sandy interval! F.G. friable, clayey ss w/ clay ironstine concre. sandy interval here abt. 40' thick w/ minor carbonaceous or lignitic levels. Platanophyllum nobilis ! Cercidiphyllum arcti Acer sp.

7/8/79 P.I.C. 50c 7962 East side of UNNAMED STREAM VALLEY same level) same level as 7957 but 1 shoulder further south Added to Flora: PLATANOphyllum mobilis also her META SEC Carya ANT. - Some look later. Cercidiphyllum Acer Betula like leaf Equisetum Typha sp. Pinn. compd w/ entre margined lfts. From CLAY ironstone cones in a sandy interval About [illegible] above Creek Photo A-16606-86

7/8/79 7963 SAME STRAT level & SETTING as 7962 but 1 shoulder further south (DOWNSTREAM) About 80' above Creek. POSS Cyathaceous fern CYATHEN? Acer PLATANUS Cercidiphyllum Equisetum Clarya antiqu. Pinus type Sequoia or Glyptostrobus Virtually frost free climate at coldest if this fern is really CYATHEACEOUS Photo 16606-86

7/18/79 7964 On same shoulder as 7957 but (coal higher (abt 30') clay ironstone coals in a sandy interval of abt 20' above the coal atop 7957 interval app 80' above creek level) Platanus reynoldsii Platanophyllum nobilis Chaetoptelea cf. microphylla Acer sp. Craetacus Rosaceous leaf Carya antiquorum Zingiberopsid isonervosa ??!? Photo 16606-86

7/9/79 7965 Mary's Hyrachyus Locality = MD 4 3 New TAXA of LEAVES Sandy w/ ironstone Fossils 30' of sandy grading downward to tiny slighby material Pinnate, entire margined, or Pinnate w/ closely spaced indurated teeth, fine areolation. (Celastraceous, Rosaceous?) Collected this loc. on 7/10 Temp 0° Cloudy Wind S SE Prunus sp. Coriaceous Symlocos? sp. Circiliphyllum arcT. Metasbyuoina

7/10/79 7466 "SOUTH BAY FACIES" MARLS, SS, & interbedded Shs. w/ ligg w/ fossil 1st Color x Lith PLANTS very much LIKE S. BAY ES. Etc. METASEGUOIA occ tol. x Cover. Corylus sec. Alnus - like leaf Betula ?? PLATANUS reynoldsii Equisetum verlarge up to 2in Planorbis + other gastropod high Below lowest vert bed spread. about 250' feet in what has been called The middle "MARINE" unit Looks like SOUTH BAY FACIES PLANTS in a limestone or MARI lens in don colored sandy interval of 20' wood just above (3-5') This interval in a COALEY sequence.

7/11/79 7967 Miall's unpublished sec #5 on EAST SIDE of "STRATHCONA" River Braskeruds River Pollen samples through lower 213's of face on river several hundred meters N. of Miall's measured section #5 MIALS, UNKNOWN Miall's section on STRATHCONA RIVER, East side. 7967 a Brownish grey clay ~ (pollen sample) 1ST unit above 10' of friable f.g., xbedded ss. 80' feet from base of exposure at river in Lower Eureka Sound Fm 7967 b leaves in ironstone cones in firm carb. shale above pollen sample at a lies 5'-8' above a metasequoia Hamamliid lf. Betula. MacIntoshita ? Equisetum small sp. Sequoia or TAXODIUM or Cridland's metasequoia LATE K TO EARLY PALEOCENE

7/11/79 7967 C Pollen sample DARK grey, Br, wh, fissile Carb shale 2' above a COAL (2') WITH wood and a Silicified layer at its base (4" thick). 20 m above 7967 a 7967 d Pollen sample abt. 25m above C 7967 e Pollen sample Faces 1/2 way to top of Cliff SILTY CLAY below a coal est abt. 200' above base of face Dip of section VIRTUALLY FLAT here 7967 f Criddland's Meta Sequoia + Betula - Corylus type 184f

7/11/99 7967g Pollen sample Base of dark brown Carbonaceous sandy cap of hill about 60 ft 7967/2 280' above cliff base. Quercuxia angulata in clay ironstone in carb. fine-gr. seq. Floating aquatic, cool climate upper 1/3 of sequence here becomes a cyclic and alternating seq of sands & silt some conylin lenses. All light grey to yellowish ss & them coals clim sands gritty lenticula some iron stains present sands are micaceous.

7/11/79 7968 Pollen Sample Eureka Sound Fm. Mount Carnegie 7968 a 7968 a about 1/2 way up slope in a grey mudst. in an alternating TAN & grey sequencd of mudstons. 7968 b From a grey mudst. band about 20' lower in section. 30 yards above main Discovery Just Above Discovery Locality vt Dawson & West Photo A-16728-100

7/11/79 7969 Petrified Forest Locality STRATHCONA FOREST ON WEST SIDE OF SCHARNRODE HILL. 7969a -> Trees abt 100 yrs old in group abt 1/2 way up slope in convex interval. Av. diam 2'1/2' 8 11,5 15 13 14 15 15 10' 5'-x 2'7" dia. Av dist 15' apart

7/11/79 7969 Continued F.S. Sequence in this area is the upper part w/ lignite - yellow fissle x 10' grey ss, [illegible] Marly units interbedded in sequence as well. 7969b 100' Above (strat) the petrified forest and about 100' above the stream SS. ledge, x bedded f.j indurated w: meta sequoia occ. Cercidiphyllum grct. PLATANUS SP (rob) Petrf Photo 16(76-106

7/11/79 BOSTON 7970 Balkwill x [illegible] Section? Geol Survey Can, Paper 75-1, Part A, P141 , Sect, p142. KANGUK - EURIKA SOUND (TRANSITION) MARINE KANGUK SILTY JAROSITIC SHALES & SILTSTONES. UPPER PART thin bedded approaching the DELTA FRONT. 30 m of yellow-green friable s and (glauconite w/ limonite CRUSTS. Then 30M white, Arkonic SS channels', x-bedded x slumped interbedded w SILST & [illegible] midst w red nodules rare COALS. COAL 12' garding upward to CARB shales & SILST coffee- pollen flow cream color. sample 7970 from this sequence CARB shales 2' above This is LOWEST coal in sect. app 75m above base

7920 7/1 SS channels + drab deltaic seq Between coal + Kadyuk prob. sedimentological equivalent of white SS Channel & accompanying seq on Fosheim peninsula Should this be Eureka Sound or Kadyuk. Prob Eureka Sound. Same sequence of Drab coffee & cream colored shfs, shs), & SS. above the coal for another 30 m This same type of bed is interbedded w/ white SS channels. This puts area ground Fosheim camp into prospective as terrestrial Eureka Sound Fm. below good continental fluvial part. Dips. at Kb-Tes contact 45°W Channel 30m above base 35°W

7/11/79 7970 Base of Coal 25° On Photo 16676-106

7/12/79 7950 (Again) Growth Ring Survey 7950(1) Conifer prob Taxod wood. 2 Short (2) Conifer prob Taxod wool. (3) do (4) do (5) do (6) do (7) do (8) do may not be TAKEN. (9) do (10) do (11) do

7/13/79 RAIN & Wind 0 to 3°c writing for helicopter no field work 7/14/79 3/4 7971 Miall's measured sections SW end peninsula between STRATH CONN & BAY FJORD Photo A - 16728-97 Lower EUREKA Sound Fm Interbedded seq of f to m g SS shts, shtst, x light predom color brownish dark grey. SS ind x friable w/ mic h x-bedded & some poor large Betula type leaves. 25 m above see 5 of mail Some ironstone nodules. in finer grained material 7971a Abt 80' above base of Cliff wood. 7971b Pollen sample fissile, dark grey SILTY CLAY in a brown SANDY interval 100' above cliff base. 30 m above. see 5 of mail

7/14/79 Sunny & Breezy 50C 7971 continued 7971c 36 m above no. 120' Above cliff base in CARB. l/s. NODULES very dark Grey. Quercuxia angulata 7971d 68 m above no. Pollen Sample SUITY dark grey mudst interbedded w/ l/s. lenses 225' above base 7971e Pollen Sample 300' above base med. grey fissile shale w/ interbedded MARLSTONE NODULES 90 m IN These nodules Quercuxia + root frags present rardy but partly preserved.

7/14/79 TRANSECT Through lower Mbr INTO middle (marine) & THEN INTO upper loose lignites & coffee & cream shales in TRANS. ZONE TRANS 2 on middle becomes marine w 15 marks SS.W/ || laminations marked w plant debris upper Upper body of middle marked by a cong'l. Above which no shell frags. CLAY ironstones upper Mbr. Clay ironstone abundant coal verigated color. 7972 Fossil leaves in CLAY IRON STONE Ginkgo 46T 30 m above basal CONTACT, upper = loc 75-34 Member METASEQUIA Cercidiphyllum CARYA integrifolium PLATANOPHYLLUM wobilis Mbr TV

793-3/4 New Vero Joe, just Above middle locality member. Basal beds of upper w/ mammal/turtle

7/15/79 7973 STENKUL QUARRY Census 7973a Metasequoia occ [tally marks] (4) [tally marks] [tally marks] (10) [tally marks] (12) [tally marks] [tally marks] (12) (19) 11 170 38 Ceratiphyllum (6) [tally marks] 37 Ulmaceae [tally marks] (11) [tally marks] 1 5 Cordate, ent leaf. [tally marks] (3) Ampelopsis type III Dark grey marl abt. 2'1/2 thick 40-50' below cliff abt 8' above 7973b 40mbelow leaf level other int. Sh Silty mudst Pollen yr 7973c. 1m above b Pollen IN CLAYSTONE 7973d 0.5m above c. Pollen same 11th 7973a. NW cor of SE Exposure at E End STENKUL FLOOD PHOTO A 16685-46 MAP VINDOME FLND 77°22'N; 83°28'45" W

7/15/79 7973e - FLOAT block LEAVES f SAND above CATS.COAL. 10 m above 7973d. Flora associated w a COARSER FACIES NO META VITIS PLATANUS reynoldsi i HAMMELIS tooting lf. Very large c ?- very hasty collection. All leaves extremely large look Paleocene size suggest causibility EXTEND SUMMER DAYLIGHT.

514-747-5592 FRED COLLIER, SMITHSONIA WASHINGTON D.C. NORDAIR holding first shipment SENT COLLECT IN MONTREAL PENDING CONFIRMATION FROM YOU THAT SE WILL PAY COLLECT CHARGES. PLEASE CALL NORDAIR FREIGHT DEPT, MONTREAL (514-747-5592) TO FIND OUT WHAT THEY NEED. CONFIRMATION NEEDED BEFORE NORDAIR WILL ACCEPT BOXES NOW IN RESOLUTE OR FUTURE SHIPMENT. PLEASE TELEX NOW NOTIFY ME OF RESULTS C/O PCSP RESOLUTE. LEO HICKEY

deal in photo base & .9 3,9 1,2 2,7 2,00 2,7 3,4 cm 0,8 2,72 hm 2,7 hm lines from base .98 to higher sample & Carl Kern. 2,2 cm .56 .26 57 336 32 1,76 hm 112 114 .56 x .98 .87 .14 x .8 .32 x .57 .18 80 150 .7 x .8 .56 x .26 .15 1,76 1,20 hm 3,9 hm of Earlia Sound Fm.

[illegible]

3,3 cm . 365 3,3cm , 95km , 95 km ) 36,5 2=,77 950 m red 1,5cm 80°= ,98 , 1 60°= ,87 , . 30 = ,5 , 4,9 , 87 1,40 1,76 km , 95 , 10tags , rny , 4,21 , 95cm 4,1 , .95) 4,100 390 200 190 100 1cm 4,21

1cm on photo = 0.8km 365 95 1825 3285 33675 3.14 km 16) 3,000 16 140 1.19 3.14 km 4.21 cm 1.18 4.21) 3.4000

3,3 см 3,3см 365 954 957 [illegible] 81 [illegible] 024/56.