Field notes, v1378

Johnson, Richard E. (Richard Evan), 1936-

Unknown

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

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Source Material:
Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Contributed by Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. | www.biodiversitylibrary.org

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Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from CLIR https://archive.org/details/fieldnotesv137800john

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Johnson, R.E. 1968 (Part) Journal Calif

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1 I. Winter-Spring 1967-68 Berkeley Area - Jan 13, 14, 27, 1968 Rosy Finch collecting Peavine Mtn. March 9-11 so. Lassen Co. March 12, 19-20 Bodie March 20-21 Southern California Death Valley March 23-24 Newport Harbor March 25, 27 White Mtns. April 12-14 Livermore May 3 II. Montana Rosy Finch Collecting Trip - Summer 1968 July 27 - Sept. 23, 1968 III Winter 1968-69 Peavine Mtn Oct. 31 - Nov. 3, 1968 Bodie Nov. 20-24, 68 Colorado Jan. 24-Feb. 11, 69 Peavine Mtn Feb. 14-16, 69 Colorado March 16-27, 69 Peavine & Squaw Pk April 11-13, 69

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Jan. 13 Tilden Regional Park, Alameda Co., California cloudy, cool, breeze from south, ground moist from rain the preceding night. Jenny Meux & I hiked over a portion of the area around Playfield & Jewel Lake where Zoo 107 field trips are held. Species seen: Ruby-crowned Kinglet-common Hutton Vireo - a little less common than the Kinglets but still common and in same bushes and trees. Brown Towhee Spotted Towhee Oregon Junco Scrub Jay Steller Jay Anna's Hummingbird Chestnut-backed Chickadee Plain Titmouse - little singing Wren-fit - occasional song Bewick Wren - buzz California Quail-song Glaucous-winged Gull - 30+ circle high above. Hermit Thrush Song Sparrow Fox Sparrow Mockingbird Audubon Warbler - many flycatching over lake Cost - one

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Jan. 13 Tilden Regional Park, Alameda Co., California (cont.) Scaup, sp? - 2 Ruddy Duck - one diving in Jewel Lake Red-tailed Hawk Jan. 14 Strawberry Canyon, Alameda Co., California Light to heavy rain falling, visibility variable - 100 yds to several miles. 3-5:30 PM. Hiked east up paved rd. just north of Botanic Garden until it dead ends, then cross country to ridge top and east to dirt graded road. Followed this generally south around head of Strawberry Canyon to paved rd, then cross country down into Strawberry Canyon bottom to connect with dirt road along south margin of Botanic Garden. Habitat is patchy with stands of coyote bush, Eucalyptus, Cypress, & pine. Birds seen: Bush-tit - Flock of 50 fly from coyote bushes into Eucalyptus (Blue Gum) trees & feed around Eucalyptus flowers. Wren-Tit Red-tailed Hawk Spotted Towhee - on ground in Eucalyptus, lower limbs Brown Towhee " " Oregon Junco - coyote bush, Eucalyptus, grassland Anna Hummingbird - diving & singing Bewick Wren Chestnut-backed Chickadee - in coyote bush Red-shafted Flicker

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4 Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Jan. 14 Strawberry Canyon, Alameda Co, California (cont) Pine Siskin Song Sparrow - in Eucalyptus Golden-crowned Sparrow Jan. 27 Tilden Regional Park, Alameda Co, California I drove to the "playfield" area (near "pony ride") of the park with Jenny Meux, leaving Berkeley at 7:15 AM. Light rain was falling & the sky was dark with clouds. The rain turned to snow by 8:30 and the ground had a uniform one inch deep snow layer by 10 AM. Previous to the snow many birds were feeding together in the centers of the large grass (mowed) field. These included Brown Towhee, Golden-crowned Sparrow, Fox Sparrow, Song Sparrow & Oregon Junco in a mixed loose group of 40±, and lone Robins scattered widely. Once the snow began these birds were no longer seen, but I was not present at the moment of the departure so that I could not tell if they responded to 1) falling snow 2) snow depth covering food, or 3) other [illegible] stimuli. All birds seen during the snowstorm were in bushes & trees protected from the direct effects of the weather. Anna's Hummingbirds, which are normally common in the area were not seen during the rain or snow storm, but one was sitting on a perch & singing at mid-day when the temperature had risen and the precipitation had temporarily stopped.

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Jan. 27 Tilden Regional Park, Alameda Co., California (cont.) Species seen: Ruby-crowned Kinglet - calling with short horse short churr from willows along the edge of the lawn. Brown Towhee - scratching on ground under trees during snow storm Golden-crowned Sparrow - in loose aggregation on lawn during rain with Brown Towhees on lawn during rain Fox Sparrow Song Sparrow - also under trees feeding & scratching during snowstorm Oregon Junco Robin - lone individuals widely scattered on lawn Scrub Jay several Valley Quail - along margin of lawn during rain storm. Heard occasionally throughout morning Varied Thrush - one on ground at lawn - conifer margin. Bewick's Wren - in bushes, flowers, limbs during snow storm oak Wren-tit Hutton's Vireo Chestnut-backed Chickadee - several together in oak Plain Titmouse - two foliage & twigs (not in tree tops) during snowstorm Hermit Thrush - forages on ground under oaks during snowstorm & laurel in leaves, but rarely scratches with feet. Walks or runs & pecks quickly.

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R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal March 9 Berkeley to Reno, Nevada After considerable wheel-spinning, I finally got away from Berkeley around 2 PM. My car door only flow open 6 times on the freeway between Berkeley & Davis. At that point I stopped & performed major surgery on the door. I arrived at Reno after dark and immediately drove west out of town on 7th St. (3 blocks north of US 40 or Interstate 80) to the southeast base of Peavine Mtn where Dr. Ned K. Johnson, John Spencer and others had observed rosy finches in mine shafts many times in the past. The city appeared to have moved westwards a considerable distance, altering the course of the road from that shown on the 1951 topographic map (Reno Quad, 15 min.). The road splits near a large concrete domed water tank. I took the right (up hill) branch & followed this to end - a large bulldozed area. Many less obvious roads had branched off from this one and another continued beyond the NW edge of the bulldozed area. With this general orientation I returned to Reno & called John Spencer (Phone: 322-1888; 1640 The Strand, Reno) to obtain further information as to the exact location of the shafts. He volunteered to meet me the next morning at his house and direct me to the area. Following the phone call I dashed to Squaw Valley to ice skate from 8:30 to 10:00 PM & then

64 Peavine Peak VABM KWRN-FM Radio Tower 58266 Poenville 4Site Garden Fleece Mine 19 23 24 Mine 7893 27 26 25 30 Approx location of barbed wire fence Spring 34 35 36 Prospectory P 6 31 6200 Peavine Mark 3 2 1 5455 6 10 11 12 5348 15 BM Mogul Lawton 18 Chalk Bluff SOUTHERN CANAL RIVER PROJECTION Tunnel Lumber BM 4792 BM 4657 4800 BM 3728 Highland BM 4646 14 13 Substation 4611 Red = route followed early on March 10

From : Reno Quadrangle 15 min. series 1951 Anderson Mine Prospect Peavine Peak YABM KWNR FM Radio Tower Poetville (Site) Golden Fleecel Mine Mine Spring Martin Black Springs Spring Panther Spring Spring Prospectry Peavine Creek SKYLINE AIRFIELD Highland Reservoir RENO Mtn View Cem West Reno Chalk Bluff Siphon Lawton High School Veterans Hosp Reno Fair Grounds SKATC Scott Glen Dale Orville Home Park Fair Lake Canal River LAMBOAT Tunnel Magni PARK CANAL RIVER 4611

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1965 March 9 Berkeley to Reno, Nevada returned to Reno & the bulldozed area to camp. A beautiful, clear night & great view of the Reno lights. March 10 Peavine Mtn, Washoe Co., Nevada Up on the move at 7:30 AM exploring the road beyond the bulldozed area. The road divides several times. I explored those roads to the right (east) of the barbed wire fence(the fence runs NS up the mtn along a ridge). One road runs NS beside the fence(on the east side of the fence) but there are no signs of mining visible along it so exploration of it was deferred in preference for two other roads, one leading up the next ridge to the east and another running a short ways up a creek just east of this ridge. On the ridge there is a a clump of 6 or 7 Jeffrey Pine trees & among them is a leveled area (appears to be an old cabin site) 20ft. and a short, horizontal mine shaft. From further up this ridge one can see into the creek below (right or east) and on it is a large mine dump part way to its headwaters. Next I followed the afore mentioned road in that canyon but it only goes a short ways, ending at a'spot where people have left considerable human waste (ie. trash). Oh, for the joys of "civilization". Prospect holes visible on the east slope of this canyon do not have vertical shafts where rosy finches might roost. A spring issues from

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R.E-Johnson 1968 March 10 Peavine Mtn Washoe Co, Nevada (cont.) what appears to be a caved in horizontal mine shaft near roads end. A few scrubby leafless trees occur along the creek bottom & in these were seen W.C. Sparrows & Rufous-Sided Towhees. Mtn. Bluebirds & Oregon Junco had been seen in the previously mentioned pine trees. I returned to town & met John Spencer at 9:30 AM. After examining topo maps & discussing other pertinent matters we departed again for Peavine Mtn. We attempted a slightly different approach in hopes of getting a little closer by car to the specific shafts he had in mind than I had been before, however new fences, plus mud holes prevented us from actually accomplishing this. Our route was to again follow the road to the right past the water tank but then to turn off to the left & follow this road westward beyond the bulldozed area which is now uphill on the right. Due to the previously mentioned fence & mudholes we had to travel cross country over sagebrush with the VW bus in order to shuttle between useable sections of road. We finally did pass the bulldozed area & head uphill (north) on another road but squished to a stop in the mud. We walked up this road past a marshy area created by a small earth-fill

9A Copies of Dr. N.K. Johnson's snapshots of the "big shaft" where rosy finches had been located. The scenery remains the same today but the large timbers framing the shaft are gone.

R.E. Johnson 1968 March 10 Peavine MTN, Washoe Co., Nevada (cont.) Journal past a road to the rt, clear made of mine dump material & along the east slope of a hill until the road circled right around the hill to a large vertical (hereafter called the "big shaft") mine shaft & mine dump. This is the location where most of the finches had been seen in 1950-54. Some of the birds were collected and are now in the collection at the Univ. of Nevada. Dr. Johnson had estimated that approx. 100 birds roosted in this shaft each night. Though occasional birds had been seen there in the day, the birds were usually absent until approx. 3:30 PM when (coming from the N) they suddenly appeared high overhead & dove directly into the shaft. They He reported that they were hard to drive from the shaft with lights, rocks, etc & this could only be done effectively by dangling a can with rocks in it, down onto the shaft & swinging it from side to side to disturb the finches from their perches. We could see the bottom & sides of the shaft clearly in the 12 noon sunlight & there were no finches. None-the-less we threw rocks down the shaft but we were unable to bring to light any birds. John felt that we would at least hear them rustling about if any had been present. Just north of this shaft a ridge runs north up Peavine MTN. The

10A BM 5107 Evening Trip 898 BM 5324 Anderson Prospect BM 5373 Mine 10 11 12 7 Spring 7600 15 14 13 18 6000 KWRN FM Radio Tower Peavine Peak YABM X X 28 Poeville (Site) Garden Fleece Mine Mine 19 Mine 7993' 23 24 Several vertical shafts Morning & Afternoon Trip Large Mine Dump Spring 25 6000 30 6200 26 27 Spring 31 Prospect 34 The Big Shaft Spring 35 36 Peavine 6200 6330 6000 6000 6000 3 2 Mark 1 5455 6 10 11 12 Routes Followed with John Spencer on March 10

Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 March 10 Peavine Mtn., Washoe Co., Nevada (cont.) ridge has a small cluster of Jeffrey Pines on it & a road running up it. On its left (west) slope a large mine dump can be seen we visited it but found no shaft. We returned to the "big shaft" and headed south over the west shoulder of the same hill we had circled on the road earlier. This hill also has Jeffrey Pine trees on it. John pointed out that W.D. Billings had believed that Jeffrey Pine could only compete with sagebrush & other surrounding vegetation on three sites which were too poor for sagebrush. These hilltops he believed to date back to the Pleistocene & to have highly leached soils. These soils have a light color & nothing grows on them except the Jeffrey Pine, which is knarled & stunted. Presumably the pine could grow on the surrounding better soils were it not for the brush competition. In the Pleistocene the Jeffrey Pine had ancestors occupied the whole area. At the present time the dominant vegetation on most sites is Sagebrush, Artemisia tridentata. Other species include: Ephedra viridis; Horse brush, Tetradymia (glabata or canescens); Desert Peach, Prunus andersoni (has spines), Gutierrezia sarothrae; Onion, Allium parvum (now in bloom); a grass Sitanion hystrix (6 inches tall, with leaves curling downward); Great Basin Wild Rye, Elymus; Eriogonum (several species) Bitterbrush, Purshia tridentata; Bitterroot, Lewisia

Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 March 10 Peavine Mtn, Washoe Co., Nevada (cont.) rediviva; Spiny Hop Sage - Grayia spinosa (young leaves are grey & have cauliflower pattern. In spring the bush looks reddish yellow due to colored flower bracts); Curl-leaf Mahogany, Cercocarpus ledifolius; Rabbit bush, Chrysothamnus (silver stems). Ephedra & Desert Peach enter rapidly after a fire & are often indicators of a past fire (Ephedra stump sprouts). Sagebrush does not reenter as rapidly. We dropped down the hill to several diggings & explored each. One hole was perhaps 15 feet deep & made of soft dirt. John said it was once deeper & had since caved in. It had once had a few rosy finches roosting in it & they had also found 2 dogs on the bottom of it; apparently they had fallen in. We explored the area around the marsh & dam just south of this hole & then took the above mentioned road east & through the fence to the area I had been to when I got up this morning. We hiked up the ridge I had ascended early, passed the small horizontal shaft & on up the ridge. We then descended the canyon to the east & followed it up to the mine dump I had seen earlier. There was no shaft. Nearby we heard a Rock Wren calling from a west facing rocky slope at 1:30 PM. We ascended the west slope of the canyon, crossed the top of the ridge &

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Journal R.E.Johnson '68 March 10 Peavine Mtn, Washoe Co, Nevada (cont.) descended & ascended again to a large ridge which had several large ~~~~ vertical shafts in it. There was also a horizontal shaft that connected with one or two of these and I explored this. There was no indication of rosy finches but we left too early to be absolutely certain (3:15 PM). In this vicinity we flushed a Duck Hawk (?) from a pine tree and we heard a Flicker calling and saw several Red-shafted Flicker feathers. We returned to the "big shaft" at 3:45PM to check again since rosy finches would be expected to arrive at about that time. We remained until 4:45 PM, but no birds returned. While waiting a jeep drove up & we talked with the driver, a man who remembered seeing birds flying in & out of a vertical shaft near a cabin somewhere on Peavine Mtn, but he couldn't recall just where that was. He at first thought it was 2 canyons west of the "big shaft" on a small road that heads that way from the big shaft, but then suggested it might be up near the top of the mtn. instead. After this we drove back to Reno to tell Mrs. Spencer we'd be late for dinner & then we drove north on US 395 to a point just beyond the old Stead Airforce Base turnoff (rt.), where we

Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 March 10 Peavine Mtn, Washoe Co., Nevada (cont.) turned left & up the N E side of Peavine Mtn & finally into the snow. We parked & hiked up the road to a point in site of both the Radio station relay pt. & the Bell Telephone Station which are located on 2 separate summits of the mtn. (This pt. is NW of these summits). It was now after sunset but we hunted with flashlights for the old mineshaft that John recalled had had rosy finches but were unable to find it. The snow as over a foot deep making the search more difficult & covering up land marks. Finally we gave up & headed down the road. In route we passed a snowcovered road heading out a side ridge which appeared to have a mine dump on it at a considerable distance west & above us. I decided to return the next day to look at it. It & the area we had explored were at about 8000 ft. The summit is 8266 ft. We returned to Reno & had dinner. John also gave me some bottles containing stomach contents of rosy finches collected at the big shaft. Identification of the contents may allow determination of the habitat the rosy finches had been feeding in during the winter. After dinner I drove back to the bulldozed area & camped. Just prior to getting my zzz's however, I returned to the "big

Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 March 10 Peavine Mtn, Washoe Co., Nevada (cont.) shaft (at 11:30 PM) and shined a light down the shaft & also throw handfuls of rocks down the shaft. No finches. Two bats flew from the shaft however!

15A Routes taken alone on March 11 BM 5373 Anderson BM 5324 BM 5J07 Afternoon Trip Mine 10 11 12 7 Spring 15 14 13 18 Peavine Peak VABMWRN-FM Radio Tower Mine Poenville (Site) Golden Fleece Mine Leese 22 XX 23 24 19 Mine Vertical Shaft with Rosy Finches 7958 Spring 27 26 25 6600 30 Vertical Shafts Morning Trip Vertical Shafts 36 Spring 31 Prospects Pedavine 34 35 3 2 1 6 SOUTHERN RIVER 10 11 12 15 Mogul BM 4792 Lawton Chalk Bluff 18 CANAL EACIFIC Tunnel 40 13 BM 4728 BM 4646 4611

Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 March 16 Peavine Mtn, Washoe Co., Nevada Temperature well below freezing again last night. Ice was on mud puddles before 11 PM and remained at 8AM this morning. I reexamined the "big shaft" where N.K. Johnson & J. Spencer had seen rosy finches in yrs. part and again saw no finches. Also examined most of the diggings north & west of this shaft, particularly looking for a possible cabin & shaft 2 drainages west (a possibility suggested by the man we met yesterday). The sky was clear early but gradually clouded & until at 2 PM it was completely over- cast, cold, & breezy. Details: Starting at 8AM approx., I hiked up the dirt road just east of the barbed wire fence along a ridge top leading north from the Big Bulldozed area. Up a considerable distance a side ridge descends to the NE to a disturbed area. This was explored (no shaft), then the descent was continued to the creek below (N & NE). Quail were heard on the opposite slope of the canyon and a Starling sang from the top of a Jeffrey Pine snag (2 or 3 possible nest holes were present on the west side of the tree). The canyon was followed up to where it swings to the left (NW) at which point green there is a large mine dump and 3 vertical shafts. The first shaft leans south at about 15° from the vertical, is very deep, and the bottom is out of sight. The second shaft is located 20 ft uphill (N) from the 1st. A flat bottom can be seen, but apparently a side

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17 Journal R.E Johnson 1968 March 11 Peavine Mtn, Washoe Co., Nevada (cont.) shaft descends westward from this judging from the continuing descent of rocks rolling to that side of the mine floor when thrown from above. The 3rd shaft is located 50 ft further north (uphill) & has caved in. No rosy finches could be seen or heard at these shafts even after considerable disturbance by rock throwing. & apparently no finches, at least at this time of day (9AM). In the vicinity of the shafts a Say Phoebe, several Mtn Bluebirds, and a Meadowlark were seen. A prospect can be seen up the slope to the E., but there is no shaft. Another prospect is located on the ridgetop above the first & to the north. Again - no shaft. I descended back down to the 3 shafts passing several Rufous-sided Towhees & a flock of Oregon Juncos in sagebrush, and then headed west up creek & ascended the ridge west of the creek. Up canyon on The east side of the creek a good sized horizontal shaft was seen but was not checked. From the top of the ridge just ascended low cliffs with caves in them could be seen on the ridge to the west of this one. I descended (west) into the creek & up this latter ridge at a point south of the cliffs & then continued down a dirt road to prospect holes. One was a short horizontal hole. Another was a deep [illegible] vertical shaft. No finches were present at either of these. A claim marker indicated the location as Sec. 31, T20N, R19E. The barbed wire fence mentioned earlier is just west of the road & ridgetop. The present

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R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal March 11 Peavine Mtn, Washoe Co., Nevada (Cont.) location is quite a ways up hill from where I first encountered the fence. I then followed the rd down(s) to where I had left it earlier today, & then I crossed the fence line and headed down a side ridge (sw) that leads directly to the "big shaft" where N.K. Johnson & J. Spencer had once found finches. There were no finches present. Uphill (south) I found another vertical shaft (20 ft. deep). I returned to the big shaft & headed west on a small dirt road which On this ridge are a number of workings & an open grove of Jeffrey Pine. None of the workings include a vertical shaft suitable for rosy finches) can be seen heading west & up over a ridge. I left the big shaft at 10:30 AM following the rd at 1st, then taking a side (rt.) road up hill toward 3 prospects I had seen while descending the next ridge east (the one with the barbed wire fence). After checking the prospects I continued up this rd to the main ridgetop & cut crosscountry over into a large canyon (running N-S). I descended this to its mouth & explored a mine dump (copper) to the left(east) of the mouth. Then I cut downhill & east to a road which was the same one I had started on when leaving the big shaft. In route I passed a small pond (damed) on the left(N). In route I saw a pair of chipmunks, a flock of white-crowned sparrows & a sharp-shinned hawk. I left the big shaft for the car at 12 noon. I took a half hour to explore a dirt road up into a canyon east

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R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal March 11 Peavine Mtn, Washoe Co., Nevada (cont.) of my previous activities. This road leaves the main dirt road just east of the bull-dozed area. The road branches twice and each branch was eventually blocked by impassable mud puddles. Only one mine scar was seen & this lacked a vertical shaft. Others may exist further up these roads. After this brief excursion I returned to Reno & drove north on US 395 to a point just NW of the turnoff to Stead Air Force Base (now closed), where an unmarked turn off (paved) to the left, followed by a right turn & another left (dirt) places one on the road to the top of Peavine Mtn. I drove to the same parking area as yesterday & then hiked up the snow covered road to a side road (left) leading to the peak which is west of & lower than the main peak (the location that appeared to have a mine dump last night). After considerable snow plowing up the hill I found a large (20 x 20 ft) vertical shaft that disappeared into the darkness below. About 10ft down the hole was nearly iced over & I broke some of this away with rocks. No birds were disturbed from the hole. I set up three mist nets in parallel and tied them together in a few places to give better coverage over the shaft after several rose finches flow over & then in & out of the shaft at 2:30pm. Once the nets were set up the birds stayed away by

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R.E. Johnson 1968 20 Journal March 11 Beevane Mtn, Washoe Co, Nevada (cont.) the thousands. The wind was blowing making mist netting rediculous and making sitting still to watch the net suicidal. I left at 5:10pm on a hike to keep warm. (It had taken a cold & windy hour to set up the nets: from 2:30 to 3:30 pm). I returned at 5:05 pm after a pleasant jaunt to the Bell telephone relay station on top the peak. There were no birds in the net so I threw a few rocks down the shaft and got no response. at 5:30pm I started taking the nets down. With only one net left covering the hole! I rosy finches flew out of the hole! Nice timing! The finches deserve the Ph D, not I. I [illegible] finished the disassembly and dashed for the car just before dusk. On the return trip I hiked down a side road to the Golden Fleece Mine & threw an avalanche of boulders down a vertical shaft. No finches survived to fly out. I also explored a bit of a horizontal shaft & a shack - no birds seen. I must drove north up US 395 into California to Halleluja Jet & then went over Beckworth Pass (5210 ft) & camped on a dirt road (it) south behind a road side rest area. March 12. 50. Lassen Co., Calif. to Berkeley, Calif. The reason for driving north to this area was to locate a series of 3 mine shafts

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 March 12 50 - Lassen Co., Calif. to Berkeley, Calif. (cont.) described by Miller & Twining (Condor, 45:78; 1943). However their description leaves the avid rosy fincher with 2 problems. (1) They base their triangulation on the mines on the "town" of Chats. But just where is Chats? (2) Due to a misprint, the triangulation reads "2 miles south + 3 miles north of Chats." Do we add these algebraically or what!? Oh, well. With the 1st problem in mind I went to the general store in Chilcoot & the lady suggested I see a tombstone maker who had seen the rise & fall of most everything in the whereabouts. However Mr. Tombstone had never heard of Chats. So back to Halleluja Jct & the man there was equally ill informed! An important town like Chats — vanished & unremembered! However both men agreed that there were a number of vertical shafts at a mine in sight, to the SE from the Jct. So I drove south to the 1st mail box (rt.) & turned left (east) up a dirt road. SE of this turn of 3 mine dumps can be seen in sequence up the mtn. Looks encouraging. However My Trusty VW slithered & squished to an unhappy stop in a muddy ditch on a hill only 2/3's of the way to the mine. After a half hour extraction process, I hiked on up the road to the

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 March 12 So. Lassen Co., Calif. to Berkeley, Calif. (cont.) mine, noticing in route that another road (which might be drier) joins my route above the soggy part. This route left the main hwy (395') further south than where I turned. I'll try it next time. On arrival at the mine it appears a bit more complex than at a distance. There are actually 5 mine dumps in a row but 2 are less conspicuous. These all face NW & thus were seen from Hallelujah Jet. However there are also several other diggings. These are in a sequence also but face SW & are lower in elevation so that they are not so conspicuous from a distance. The 1st of these is just above a shack at the mouth of the small canyon in which all the shafts are located. It appears to be a horizontal shaft in unstable dirt which has caved in. A short ways further up is a round hole that also appears to be a cave-in into the horizontal shaft below. Further up is a large vertical shaft with a small headrig above it & most of the hole covered with planks, obviously placed since the time of operation of the mine. Further up is another shaft which is at 1st horizontal but then plunges straight down in solid rock. It seems likely

R.E. Johnson 1968 March 12 so. Lassen Co., Calif. to Berkeley, Calif. (cont.) Journal that these latter holes are the ones referred to by Miller. On the other hand The 5 mine dumps appear to be all horizontal shafts (lower 2 are horizontal, the top 3 have caved in + snow covers the top one besides{can't be sure that the top ones are horizontal}.) Miller describes the 3 mines as being in Calif., however the 5 dumps & the upper 2 [illegible] shafts in the other sequence are all in Nevada according to a new yellow boundary marker + according to the topographic maps. On returning to Berkeley I located on old map (topo: Sierraville Quad, 1894) 30 min. which had Chats on it. Chats was located in the NE corners of sec. 9, T22N, R17E . Specimens collected at The mine have the designation 2 mi. S & 3 mi. E of Chats. Thus The location is clear. Following this on the maps indicates the general area near the mine but misses them a bit. This location lies in Calif. + along the route the road follows. No mines were seen in this area. My guess is that I was at the correct area & that it is in Nevada not Calif. However I only found 2, not 3 vertical shafts. My guesses on the caved ins could be incorrect & thus supply a 3rd shaft. Deer tracks were everywhere & 9 deer were seen. Bitterbush has been [illegible] browsed heavily.

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R.E. Johnson 1968 March 12 SO. Lassen Co., Calif. to Berkeley, Calif. (cont.) Most of the vegetation is sagebrush (Artemisia tridenta). There are some juniper trees. Only a few birds were seen. These include Robins, Oregon Juncos & Mtn Bluebirds. I had to leave at noon in order to reach Berkeley by 7:30PM to give a Biology 4B Final Exam. The wind began to blow at 11AM & by 1PM the wind was nearly blowing the car to a stop. In Reno the roofs on houses were in jeopardy. Whole roofs came off, though more commonly just patches of shingles. The sky was full of dust & whole bushes. The car windshield got sand blasted. Many billboards collapsed along Interstate 80 between Reno & Truckees were blown down or badly twisted. We need more & better winds! I always said I loved wind!

Location of mine shafts in southern Lassen Co., California 31 5218 Beckwourth Pass BM 4982 TUNNEL Reno Junction BM 4350 6 PLUMAS CO. LASSEN CO. VABM 86404 Spring 17 Plumas 16 Chats Creek 4800 WESTERN 9 10 BM 4808 11 Hallelujah Junction 35 36 Spring WASHOE CO. NEVADA 4408 4407 T. 22 N. VABM 8654 18 4405000m N. Loyalton Quad 15 min 1955 30 Reno Quad 15 min 1951 19 30 Spring 20 21 19 23 Canyon Canyon 22 4767 BM 4872 23 UPPER 26 ALT 40 24 395 395 25 30 31 LASSEN CO. SIERRA CO. Nevada VABM 8680 29 32 Haskell Peak 7159 Coullee 31 32 33 34 Canyon 35 LONG EVANS 36 PACIFIC Valley Antelope Quarantine Station 75067 BM 4964 WESTERN 35 5030 BM 5019 5233 5600 6045 5600 Tunnel 5815 10 11 12 18 17 18 18 18 18 7 [illegible] 25

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 March 19 Berkeley, California to southern Lassen Co. (cont.) Jim Lynch had told me that John Ralph of the Point Reyes Bird Observatory had seen rosy finches in winter in NE Califo. I called him and he indicated that he had been to the mine shaft in so. Lassen Co. that Miller & Twining had published on (Condor, 45: 78; 1943) in January about 2 yrs ago and there had been very few birds at the shaft. The Cascade race (littoralis) had been seen. He suggested I call Rich Stallcup who had been to the shaft many times. I called Stallcup this morning before leaving on the been trip. He said he had to the mine twice this winter (2 wks ago & in early Dec.) and had seen no rosy finchee. The previous winter (1966-67) he had seen only one bird, a littoralis. He also mentioned seeing a flock of 500 in Surprise Valley, NE of Alturas in approx. 1964. He also mention a fellow named McLean of San Jose who had collected an atrata near Westgard Pass [White Mt] After the phone call I dropped by school to pick up mail & the new mist nets had arrived, so I took them along. Finally left town at 11:30 AM & arrrived in Reno at 3:50 PM. Drove north on US395 to a point a couple miles south of Hallelujah Jct. where a dirt road turns east through a fence with a large No trespassing sign on it. This road is south of the one I used last week and it joins it in an open juniper stand. The road was drier than the other road & thus I could drive all the way to the mine. I forgot to notice the time

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Location of mine shafts & road in so. Lassen Co, Calif. 27 Reno Junction Spring 518 TUNNEL Chats Creek Pacific Western 10 11 Hallelujah Junction 4803 Plumas 13 14 15 16 17 VABM 6409 Spring 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 Upper P 28 Haskell Peak 30 29 32 33 Evans Canyon Long Valley Antelope Pacific Quarantine Station Nevada Sierra Co Lassen Co Spring Chilcoot Quad 15 min. 1950 Loyalton Quad 15 min. 1955 Reno Quad 15 min. 1951

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R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal 28 March 19 Berkeley, Calif. to southern Lassen Co., Calif. (cont.) when I arrived but it was before 5 PM. I immediately placed a new mist net over the mouth of the vertical shaft with the head rig, then I carried more boards to the shaft to close off all the openings except the one covered by the net. I finished this at 6 PM & then noticed a Say's Phoebe fluttering in the net. I removed & killed & will stuff it later. After dark I set 16 live traps for rodents for use in Dr. Licht's physiological ecology lab. Some traps were placed near the shaft, others under trees or bushes, & others at the old shack down the road. The night is still & clear with the stars blinking out their messages of peace to those who will stop & look & listen. The mountains are still and close. March 20 So. Lassen Co. to Bodie, Mono Co., Calif. Sun was already shining on the mtns across the valley to the west when I woke up at 6:15 AM. The sun didn't reach the mine shaft until 7:30AM. There was another Say's Phoebe caught in the net when I 1st looked at it this morning. This one appeared to be flying out of the shaft when it got caught. The previous one was flying in. Shortly I noticed another phoebe at the next shaft uphill which was reluctant to move far from the shaft upon my approach. This suggests that Phoebes may use mine shafts to escape the night cold & wind much as the rosy finches do, though there is no reason to think they flock into

Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 March 20 50. Lassen Co, Calif. to Bodie, Mono Co, Calif. (cont.) the shafts. I collected the live traps from 7 to 7:30 AM. Three of the eleven traps contained mice & all were alive. One was captured at the mine, anothers under a Juniper Tree, & the third inside the old shack. One additional trap was sprung at the shack. a pair of Mtn bluebirds sat on the tin roof of the shack or occasionally on the leeward slope. The male explored a space under the eaves on the windward side & later entered a window on the leeward side, but exited within a minute. The birds stayed on the shack for the 15 minutes that I watched them. a Say's Phoebe fed nearby & a Meadowlark could be heard. Rufous-sided Towhees were occasionally heard from bushes or Juniper trees. A large nest (2 x 3 feet) of sticks was located at the end of a large Juniper branch. It appeared similar to a Magpie nest. At 9:30 AM a Say's Phoebe flew out of the mine shaft! I left the shaft at 9:30 AM & drove slowly back toward the highway, while collecting an Oregon Junco from a small flock (10?) in the juniper-sage association and Pi?on Jay from a Juniper tree (no Pi?on Pines anywhere in the area). Also saw several Red-shafted Flickers in a mixed stand of dead & live Junipers and a Shrike (sp.). There are a few Starlings in the area, usually seen sitting on fence posts.

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30 Journal R.E. Johnson 1A68 March 20 50 Lassen Co., Calif. to Bodie, Mono Co., Calif. (cont.) I drove north to Hallelujah Jct & then west on Calif. 70 just over Beckworth Pass & took a dirt road to the left (south) past the Rest stop area until I located a mine in a white rock outcrop west of this road. It has a wire fence around it to keep people from falling in. It is a straight vertical shaft 30+ ft deep with water at the bottom. The opening is small (4x6 Ft. max.) in solid, white quartz rock. A sage bush over hanging one edge & partly covers the hole. Rosy Finches could conceivably use it, but I didn't want to wait all day to see. This is the hole a lady in Chilcoot mentioned to me last week. She had never noticed birds there, however. I drove back to Reno & got ice to keep the birds cool, then south toward Carson City. Starlings are everywhere & occasional Sparrow Hawks are perched on phone lines. A Golden Eagle sat on a high rock outcrop on a hill south of Lakeview Summit. A few miles north of Topaz Lake a Scrub Jay was seen in a Juniper Tree. At 3PM a Loggerhead Shrike was collected from a phone line above sagebrush 2 miles north of Topaz Lake on US 395. A mile north of Topaz Lake a W.C Sparrow was collected from a flock of 10+ and Oregon Junco were seen - all in sagebrush.

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 March 20 So. Lassen Co., Calif. to Bodie, Mono Co., Calif. (cont.) Blackbilled Magpies were seen near Topaz Lake & more commonly in Bridgeport where Starlings were also common. I drove to Bodie via the road leaving US 395 a few miles south of Bridgeport. It is 13 miles in to Bodie on this dirt road. A few muddy spots were encountered and a little snow hung on north slopes but none was on the road. I arrived in Bodie at dusk & was met by Bill (E.W.) Stelzreide who is one of several (?) Calif. State Park people living there. He invited me in to talk & indicated the road was open much earlier than usual, opening Feb. 25 (even though a sign on the way still says closed) when it normally is closed until the end of April. The State Park people stay in Bodie yeararound & snowshoe or use snow cat to get in & out. Birds he has noticed include Starling, Robin (one in Jan.), Dickissel & Swifts. However in discussions about the Swifts I found that they are probably Ray Finches. He had never been able to get close to them to tell what they were but had presumed their identity by their manner of flight. They occur in many mine shafts in large numbers and fly in large flocks and feed together at snow edges on the ground. He feels many stay in the shafts all day long.

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RE Johnson 1968 Journal 32 March 21 Bodie, Mono Co., California to Berkeley, Calif. Night was cold as usual. The ground is like a bricIe. I camped a few miles from Bodie toward the Hwy near a small open shack and meadow. There Murphy Spring is a spring with cool (not cold) water. I was up at 6:10 AM, but its now 7:45 AM & Im just through with fixing my breakfast, tending the mice, starting the car (a bit sluggish) and bringing notes up to date. It was probably colder last night than the previous one & if so it was below 15° F. It had been about that in both Susanville & Reno last night & I was half way between the two. This morning I have heard Mt. Bluebird & a large flock of some Fringillid (I was not enough awake, etc to be sure what they were or to locate them). In the sagebrush flats just south of Bodie Horned Larks are common & are singing. I collected one male which was sitting beside the road on a dirt clod. I stopped at the Ranger Office & Bill drove me to 2 shafts he'd often seen birds in. We threw rocks down the shafts of these (the Lent Shaft & 2 stopes on Bodie Bluff — both locations are NE of town) & no birds flew out. He indicated that ordinarily many birds would fly out if they were present. I wondered if time of day made a difference (it was 9-9:30 AM when we visited the

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R.E. Johnson 1968 33 Journal March 21 Bodie, Mono Co, Calif to Berkeley Calif (cont.) shafts) but he seemed to think there were many birds present all day long, though some were obviously gone since flocks were seen feeding away from the shafts. He hadn't been to the shafts recently so didn't know if they had gone yet or not. However since snow conditions are obviously different this year, it seems reasonable that the birds may have left earlier this year than most. But perhaps they always leave this early anyway. Then too some may still be present & have left earlier before we arrived. The most recent place that he had seen them was on Bodie Mtn (NW of town) where he saw a large flock (no date). He left me to explore & walk back down to town. I hiked up to the hill top (Bodie Bluff area) where a Say's Phoebe sang from a head rig, the sound of Horned Larks was common and I also heard a Mtn Bluebird. [The slope we visited had a whitewash of finch(?) droppings on the rocks on one side near the top of the hole. Conies could be heard in the mine dumps of coarse rock. Vegetation is mainly sagebrush mixed with several other species of low brush. Small aspen groves can be seen in a few places. Cactus is not uncommon. Rabbitbrush & Bitter-

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1768 March 21 Bodie, Mono Co., Calif. to Berkeley, Calif. (cont.) make up 30% of the brush cores. A Chipmunk was seen on one mine dump. Two Killdees were seen on the marshy part of the Creek paralleling the main street in front of the large metal mill bldg. Bill had told me that the Dickcissel sounded like a Killdeer & all sounds like that were Dickcissels. So far every such sound has been a Killdeer. Also he told me a song we heard was a Dickcissel when it was a Horned Lark. Therefore one can't trust his bird information too far. Starlings are common around the bldgs. I next drove up Geiger Grade toward Bodie Mtn. The road was often soft but no snow was encountered until the top of the grade was reached (over 9000 ft.). Horned Larks were common but no rosy finches. Bill has mentioned earlier that he felt the rosy finches were mating judging from their chasing madly about in 2's & 3's. I'm not too sure what this behavior indicates but place of mating (winter vs summer breeding grounds) is of great interest to my work. Perhaps an early spring spent in Bodie would be a worthwhile investment of time. Also he noted that they are never

R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal 35 March 21 Bodie, Mono Co., Nevada to Berkeley, Calif. (cont.) seen feeding in flocks after about 3 P.M., again verifying that these are rosy finches not swifts. The feeding areas he's noticed them in are located partway down the road towards "395 & the other toward Mono Lake. Returning north toward Reno I tried to notice just when the Piñon Pine dropped out of the east side forests leaving only Junipers instead of mixed Piñon & Juniper. My mind lapsed after the grade beyond Topaz Lake (north of Topaz Lake) & I again thought of it when I was [illegible] nearly down into the Carson Valley so that I may have missed some trees beyond (north of) that summit. However somewhere between Topaz Lake & Reno They drop out. There are none on Peavine Mtn. or in southern Lassen Co.

36 R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal March 23 Pomona, Los Angeles Co. to Death Valley, Calif. Drove with my dad from Pomona (PAM) to Death Valley, victorville & Trona. Had lunch on Aguereberry Point overlooking Death Valley from the west. White-throated swifts dove down over our heads & down the cliffs. Rock Wrens sang from various rock outcrops nearby. The air was cool but the sun was quite warm. Telescope Peak is white with snow down to 7000 ft in places but Aguereberry Pt. has no snow (elevation 6274 ft.). Vegetation includes Ephedra & Artemisia tridentata. Ground cover is 30-60%. Desert Sparrows are common along the dirt road up to the point. Ravens are common here & there throughout the area The remainder of the day was spent at or near sea level in Death Valley. Few birds were seen- these being mostly Ravens & English Sparrows (near buildings). March 24 Death Valley, Calif. to Pomona, Calif. Drove north from the campground near Furnace Creek & then east to Rhyolite, an over- commercialized ghost town. Birds included Ravens, English Sparrows, Say's Phoebe, & Desert Sparrows. Next we drove back toward Death Valley via the Titus Canyon Rd. Again there were few birds but these included 2 new species to our trip, the House Sparrow and Loggerhead Shrike. White-throated Swifts were common. One flew into a narrow vertical

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Journal. R.E. Johnson 1968 March 24 Death Valley, Calif. to Pomona, Calif. crack & disappeared. A nest? Desert Sparrows were singing vigorously throughout the Death Valley area: We left the valley at noon & drove west to Lone Pine & then south on us 395 over Cajon Pass, then west to Pomona. This was not planned as a birding trip thank heavens or we would have been sorely disappointed. We did skip stopping to identify birds floating in ponds south of Owens Lake (salty ponds) due to our rush to make home by dinner. March 25 Newport Upper Harbor, Orange Co., Calif. Drove From Pomona on the Corona Freeway to the Riverside Freeway (Santa Ana Canyon) & then sw to the Newport Freeway to Coast Hwy 1, then south to the upper bay. The southern portion of the bay is highly developed but the northern part is below the low tide line & has been left undisturbed to a greater extent. A rd. parallels the east side along the mud flats. Another road parallels the west shore but it above on the cliffs. Houses line the tops of the cliffs on both sides. I collected 2 Savannah Sparrows (Beldingi) & saw many in the salt marshes along the edge of the mud west side of bay. flats. Song Sparrows occured along the boundaries of the Savannah Sparrow zone but remained above

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Journal March 25 Newport Upper Harbor, Orange Co., Calif. (cont.) dry soil or occupied bushes along a small fresh water creek. Both species sang occasionally. Starlings were also present - one bikini-clad Homo sapiens with 2 hill climbing, motor cycle type boy friends. a quiet peaceful location! March 27 Newport Upper Harbor, Orange Co., Calif. Returned to Newport Harbor via the same route but this time collected on mud flats & accompanying marsh on the east side. Collected 5 Savannah Sparrows, all belding; race again. Apparently the large-billed race (rostratus) has already migrated south to Mexico to breed. Kidneys of these 5 birds & 2 from March 25 were dissected out & sent to Dr. Oscar Johnson & John Mugass at Moorhead State College, Moorhead, Minn. for an extensive as a part of their extensive study of avian kidney histology in correlation with ecology & function. Kidneys were fixed immediately upon collecting in AFA fixative (10 pts glacial acetic acid; 10 pts 37% formolín; 10 pts. 95% alcohol). Other birds seen included: Red-backed Sandpiper, Red-throated Loon, Killdeer, Coot, Willet, Marbled Godwit, Amer. Avocet, Dowitcher, Black-bellied Plover, Ringed Plover, Snowy Egret, Meadowlark, Caspian Tern, Ringed Ring-billed Gull, Bufflehead, Sora,

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R.E. Johnson 1968 March 27 Newport Upper Harbor, Orange Co., Calif. (cont.) and a Louisiana Heron! The latter has not be recorded north of San Diego however I couldn't collect it do to the timely arrival of a policeman investigating a report of gun shots in the area. It appears that it is illegal to carry or discharge a loaded weapon in the city of Newport & the mud flats are within the city limits. After some discussion I was freed from prison sentence & continued preparing my specimens. However I "promised" to cause no more trouble - at least not in Newport. Journal 39

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 April 12, 68 Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. to Squaw Valley area Left Berkeley at 3:45 PM and arrived at US Forest Service campground near Squaw Valley at about 8 PM. Weather clear, still. The campground has less snow than it did on May 27 of last year! Tomorrow I hope to collect Peromyscus for Physiological Ecology Lab. Plan is to drive to Reno then south to Bishop and Big Pine, then up into the White Mtns. April 13, 68 Squaw Valley, Calif. to Reno, Nevada to White Mtns., Calif. Got up at 5:30 AM to the sound of Steller's Jays in the pine trees and Canada Geese overhead. Drove back to Truckee and then east to Reno and south on US 395. Stopped at the lower end of Crowley Lake and took a side road east to a boat landing area. A Brewer Blackbird was standing on the shoreline and 2 Eared Grebes (breeding plumage) were diving about 200 ft offshore. Two Common Loons were seen on the lake, each far from shore. A pair of Mtn. Bluebirds sat on a phone wire and a Sparrow Hawk flew over the flat sagebrush country adjacent to the lake. Drove on to Bishop, then east past the Bishop airport to the White Mtn Headquarters and beyond this up a dirt road south, then east up Belding canyon. Drove until only 4-wheel drive could cope with the steep loose road. Parked in sight of a cabin (had passed an abandoned one earlier). Hiked beyond

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Journal R E. Johnson 1968 April 13, Squaw Valley, Calif. To Reno, Nev. to White Mtns, Calif. The cabin on the road to the remains of still another cabin. The road continued but returned down to the car. There is a good little creek in the canyon bottom, lined with willows. In these Spotted Towhees & Blue-gray- Gnatchers. Chukars ran along the road. Lizards (5"; Sceloprus?) were common. Time 1-2 PM. A Rock Wren sat on a dry dirt bluff above the canyon bottom. A Say Phoebe sat on top a cottonwood at the lower cabin (no creek at this point). A Desert Sparrow flew from a bush beside the road & landed 50 ft away on another bush (sage). [Subsequent written 2 wks later and necessarily] [more brief & less accurate] Drove west back to Bishop & then south on US 395 to Bigpine & east again on a paved road to Westgard Pass. The road to White Mtn begins a mile or more beyond the pass (east of it). The road is now paved (it was not paved several yrs. ago when I ascended it in my old black Ford) & relocated a bit over its old location making it a bit less steep. It is also now a wider road than the road to Westgard pass from Bigpine. The pavement extends to the Schulman Grove (10 miles) & then continues as a wide dirt road.

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R.E. Johnson 1968 April 13 Squaw Valley, Calif to Reno, Nev., to White Mtns, Calif. Mileage along the road from the Jet are as follows: Fossil area 3 miles Grandview campground 5 Sierra Viewpoint 8 Schulman Grove 10 The Patriarch 22 I drove to Schulman Grove & encountered only one patch of snow on the road (this was a big one - over a foot deep, 100 ft long & the width of the road). The following birds were seen at the da Live traps were set in the grove. Then I drove up the dirt road & though considerable snow & muddy roads to the top (almost- the VW Bus won't make the very last pitch) (10,800 ft.) of a mtn, which is dotted with small radio shacks & antennas. I set 20 traps under & around the shacks & also around trees a little lower on the slope. I left the area at dark & set a few 12 more traps at a lower shack & associated junk piles, then 8 more in sagebrush, then drove back to Grandview CG. for the night. It was considerably warmer at the G.G. than it was at the trap sites.

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43 Journal R. E. Johnson 1968 April 14 White Mtns to Berkeley, Calif: 10400 ft. Up early & drove back to Schulman Grove. Only one of 12 traps contained a mouse (Peromyscus). The following birds were heard in the grove at 7AM: Mtn. Chickadee, Pine Siskin, Red Crossbill, Clarkes Nutcracker, Rock Wren, Mtn. Bluebird, Nuthatch sp., Oregon Junco. Further up the road Horned Larks & a Red-shafted Flicker were seen at 10600ft. No mice were caught in traps in the sage- brush but 7 were caught near the shack on the radio mtn. I drove further toward White Mtn & almost submerged the VW in a huge mud puddle just short of the Crooked Creek Lab. Returned south to the paved road. Both snow & Bristlecone Pine appear to end at 10,000 ft (lower limit). Saw a golden-mantled ground squirrel at 8000 ft. The route back included a number of side trips from US 395. 1) trip east to Owens Gorge & then north on back roads to Tom's Place & vicinity & to dam on Crowley Lake. White-throated Swifts & Violet-green Swallows were common along the gorge. 2) trip west near Crestview to a volcanic glass

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Journal 44 R.E. Johnson 1968 April 14 White Mtns to Berkeley, Calif. flow (outcrop). 3. a short drive along the southwest edge of Mono Lake to look at the mineral hot springs formations. Kildeer were common. Then drove north on US 395 to Minden, then west on state 19 to Lake Tahoe & around the south end where I took a look at the Tahoe Keys (noted a no ice skating sign.) & Heavenly Valley ski lift area. Checked to see how close the lifts get to Freel Pk & Job's Sister where Rosy Finches were seen by Cogswell (see his field notebook). Their maps indicate they come close to the top of Monument Pk (10,167 ft.), but that this is a long way, crossing a major valley, from Freel Pk, et. al. (see attached map & picture). I drove back after dark on US 50 to Sacramento, then Interstate 80 to Berkeley.

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Welcome to Heavenly Valley America's Largest Ski Area *CALIFORNIA/NEVADA

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{ "text": "FOR FURTHER\nINFORMATION, ASK\nOUR SKI PATROLMEN...\nUNPATROLLED\nCLOSED\nDANGEROUS\nTERRAIN\nTRAIL MARKINGS\nGREEN\nEASIER\nYELLOW\nMORE DIFFICULT\nBLUE\nMOST DIFFICULT\nRED\nEXTRA CAUTION\nDO NOT SKI PAST PERIMETER\nTOYABE KNOB\nDIPPER CHAIR\nLITTLE\nDIPPER BOWL\nNORTH FORK\nBOWL\nBONANZA\nBOWL\n$100\nSADDLE\nBoulder Saddle\nNEW!\n\"HEAVENLY VALLEY\nNORTH\"\nBenjamin\ndrive\nTOYABE TRAIL\nBOULDER PEAK\nSTAGECOACH SKIWAY\nNORTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nMID STATION\nEDGEWOOD CREEK\nNEVADA\nCALIF.\nMONUMENT PEAK\n10,167'\nSUNDECK\n10,020'\nELE.\nSKYLINE TRAIL\nSOUTH FORK\nSKIWAY\nELLIES\nHEAVENLY VALLEY\nA SKIWAY IS A SEMI-CLEARED\nAREA THRU THE TREES\nNORTH FORK\nSKIWAY\nVON SCHMIDT FLAT\nPLEASE OBEY\nOUR SIGNS AND\nDO NOT SKI ALONE\nPIONEER RESTAURANT\nFOOD - REST ROOMS\nBAR\n8300' ELE.\nTRAIL MAP of\nHeavenly Valley\nSOUTH SHORE - LAKE TAHOE\nPLEASE SKI SAFELY\nAND FILL YOUR\nSITZMARKS\nNEV.\nCALIF.\nN\nJOB'S PEAK\nJob's Sister\nHIGH MEADOWS\nUNPATROLLED\nCLOSED\nVIEW ONLY\nNO SKIING\nFREEEL PEAK\n10,900'\nHIGHEST PEAK\nAROUND\nLAKE TAHOE\nVIEW POINT\nSKYCHAIR\nRIDGE RUN\nWOODS TRAIL\nCANYON\nSKIWAY\nBETTY'S\nTRAIL TO\nOLD FAITHFUL LIFT\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nBLUE ANGEL\nHAND\n9000'\nREST ROOMS\nNAR SOUTH\nPowder Bowl\nMOMBO TRAIL\nHEAVENLY VALLEY CREEK\nROUNDABOUT\n2 1/2 MILE TRAIL\nNO BEGINNERS\nPLEASE\nSKYTRAIL\nPIONEER CHAIR\nPIONEER BOWL\nPATSY'S\nRUN\nGARDEN\nPIONEER TRAIL\nWATERFALL\nCHUTE\nHEAVENLY VALLEY\nLODGE\nFOOD - REST ROOMS\nSKI SHOP-RENTALS\nBAR-OFFICE\n6600' ELE.\nRIDGE CHAIR\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nNAR SOUTH\nROUNDABOUT\nROUNDABOUT\n2 1/2 MILE TRAIL\nNO BEGINNERS\nPLEASE\nPOWDER BOWL\nCHUTE\nSOUTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nWEST FORK\nSKIWAY\nPIONEER RESTAURANT\nPIONEER CHAIR\nGROVE\nTRAMWAY\nEAST BOWL\nSKIWAY\nADVANCED SKIERS\nONLY\nFACE\nFIRST AID\nROOM\nSKI PATROL OFFICE\nTRAM STATION\nTICKETS\nTO KELLER\nROAD\nPARKING LOT\nTO SKY RUN\nBLVD.\nGUNS GARREL\nJUMP HILL\nSKI SCHOOL\nM10 STATION\nPISTOL\nWEST RIDGE\nEAST BOWL\nWATERFALL\nCHUTE\nSOUTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nNAR SOUTH\nROUNDABOUT\n2 1/2 MILE TRAIL\nNO BEGINNERS\nPLEASE\nPIONEER CHAIR\nPIONEER BOWL\nPATSY'S\nRUN\nGARDEN\nPIONEER TRAIL\nWATERFALL\nCHUTE\nHEAVENLY VALLEY\nLODGE\nFOOD - REST ROOMS\nSKI SHOP-RENTALS\nBAR-OFFICE\n6600' ELE.\nRIDGE CHAIR\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nNAR SOUTH\nROUNDABOUT\nROUNDABOUT\n2 1/2 MILE TRAIL\nNO BEGINNERS\nPLEASE\nPOWDER BOWL\nCHUTE\nSOUTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nWEST FORK\nSKIWAY\nPIONEER RESTAURANT\nPIONEER CHAIR\nGROVE\nTRAMWAY\nEAST BOWL\nSKIWAY\nADVANCED SKIERS\nONLY\nFACE\nFIRST AID\nROOM\nSKI PATROL OFFICE\nTRAM STATION\nTICKETS\nTO KELLER\nROAD\nPARKING LOT\nTO SKY RUN\nBLVD.\nGUNS GARREL\nJUMP HILL\nSKI SCHOOL\nM10 STATION\nPISTOL\nWEST RIDGE\nEAST BOWL\nWATERFALL\nCHUTE\nSOUTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nNAR SOUTH\nROUNDABOUT\n2 1/2 MILE TRAIL\nNO BEGINNERS\nPLEASE\nPIONEER CHAIR\nPIONEER BOWL\nPATSY'S\nRUN\nGARDEN\nPIONEER TRAIL\nWATERFALL\nCHUTE\nHEAVENLY VALLEY\nLODGE\nFOOD - REST ROOMS\nSKI SHOP-RENTALS\nBAR-OFFICE\n6600' ELE.\nRIDGE CHAIR\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nNAR SOUTH\nROUNDABOUT\nROUNDABOUT\n2 1/2 MILE TRAIL\nNO BEGINNERS\nPLEASE\nPOWDER BOWL\nCHUTE\nSOUTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nWEST FORK\nSKIWAY\nPIONEER RESTAURANT\nPIONEER CHAIR\nGROVE\nTRAMWAY\nEAST BOWL\nSKIWAY\nADVANCED SKIERS\nONLY\nFACE\nFIRST AID\nROOM\nSKI PATROL OFFICE\nTRAM STATION\nTICKETS\nTO KELLER\nROAD\nPARKING LOT\nTO SKY RUN\nBLVD.\nGUNS GARREL\nJUMP HILL\nSKI SCHOOL\nM10 STATION\nPISTOL\nWEST RIDGE\nEAST BOWL\nWATERFALL\nCHUTE\nSOUTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nNAR SOUTH\nROUNDABOUT\n2 1/2 MILE TRAIL\nNO BEGINNERS\nPLEASE\nPIONEER CHAIR\nPIONEER BOWL\nPATSY'S\nRUN\nGARDEN\nPIONEER TRAIL\nWATERFALL\nCHUTE\nHEAVENLY VALLEY\nLODGE\nFOOD - REST ROOMS\nSKI SHOP-RENTALS\nBAR-OFFICE\n6600' ELE.\nRIDGE CHAIR\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nNAR SOUTH\nROUNDABOUT\nROUNDABOUT\n2 1/2 MILE TRAIL\nNO BEGINNERS\nPLEASE\nPOWDER BOWL\nCHUTE\nSOUTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nWEST FORK\nSKIWAY\nPIONEER RESTAURANT\nPIONEER CHAIR\nGROVE\nTRAMWAY\nEAST BOWL\nSKIWAY\nADVANCED SKIERS\nONLY\nFACE\nFIRST AID\nROOM\nSKI PATROL OFFICE\nTRAM STATION\nTICKETS\nTO KELLER\nROAD\nPARKING LOT\nTO SKY RUN\nBLVD.\nGUNS GARREL\nJUMP HILL\nSKI SCHOOL\nM10 STATION\nPISTOL\nWEST RIDGE\nEAST BOWL\nWATERFALL\nCHUTE\nSOUTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nNAR SOUTH\nROUNDABOUT\n2 1/2 MILE TRAIL\nNO BEGINNERS\nPLEASE\nPIONEER CHAIR\nPIONEER BOWL\nPATSY'S\nRUN\nGARDEN\nPIONEER TRAIL\nWATERFALL\nCHUTE\nHEAVENLY VALLEY\nLODGE\nFOOD - REST ROOMS\nSKI SHOP-RENTALS\nBAR-OFFICE\n6600' ELE.\nRIDGE CHAIR\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nNAR SOUTH\nROUNDABOUT\nROUNDABOUT\n2 1/2 MILE TRAIL\nNO BEGINNERS\nPLEASE\nPOWDER BOWL\nCHUTE\nSOUTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nWEST FORK\nSKIWAY\nPIONEER RESTAURANT\nPIONEER CHAIR\nGROVE\nTRAMWAY\nEAST BOWL\nSKIWAY\nADVANCED SKIERS\nONLY\nFACE\nFIRST AID\nROOM\nSKI PATROL OFFICE\nTRAM STATION\nTICKETS\nTO KELLER\nROAD\nPARKING LOT\nTO SKY RUN\nBLVD.\nGUNS GARREL\nJUMP HILL\nSKI SCHOOL\nM10 STATION\nPISTOL\nWEST RIDGE\nEAST BOWL\nWATERFALL\nCHUTE\nSOUTH BOWL\nSKIWAY\nPOWDER BOWL\nTRAIL\nNAR SOUTH [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

{ "text": "9 Basic Rules\nFor Skier's Safety\n\n1. All skiers shall ski under control.\nControl shall mean in such a man-\nnner that a skier can avoid other\nskiers or objects.\n\n2. When skiing downhill and over-\ntaking another skier, the overtak-\ning skier shall avoid the skier be-\nlow him.\n\n3. Skiers approaching each other on\nopposite traverses pass to the right.\n\n4. Skiers shall not stop in a location\nwhich will obstruct a trail or stop\nwhere they are not visible from\nabove or impede the normal pass-\nage of other skiers when loading\nor unloading.\n\n5. A skier entering a trail or slope\nfrom a side or intersecting trail\nshall first check for approaching\ndownhill skiers.\n\n6. A standing skier shall check for\napproaching downhill skiers be-\nfore starting.\n\n7. When walking or climbing in a\nski area, skis should be worn and\nthe climber or walker shall keep\nto the right side of the slope.\n\n8. All skiers shall wear safety straps\nor other devices to prevent run-\naway skis.\n\n9. Skiers shall keep off closed trails\nand posted areas and shall ob-\nserve all traffic signs and other\nregulations as prescribed by the\nski area.\n\nHEAVENLY VALLEY\nP. O. Box AT South Lake Tahoe, Calif. 95705\nPhone (area 916) 541-4280\n\n1967-68 RATE SCHEDULE\n\nCHAIR LIFT TICKETS\n(Good On All Facilities)\n\nChildren\nAdults\n12 & Under\n\nAll Day . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 7.00 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . $ 3.00\nHalf Day (After 1:30 P.M.) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

Heavenly Valley Ski Lifts (Freel Ph & Job's) Sister in rear 46 sheltered southeast corner of Lake Tahoe, known as the “Banana Belt”, it is blessed with the most ideal, sunny winter weather. Heavenly Valley’s many high peaks and wind-protected bowls assures excellent packed and powder snow for uninterrupted good skiing. Families are always welcome at Heavenly . . . Teen dances and parties — And baby-sitting services are available in the area to give Mom and Dad worry-free skiing and evenings out.

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sheltered southeast corner of Lake Tahoe, known as the "Banana Belt", it is blessed with the most ideal, sunny winter weather. Heavenly Valley's many high peaks and wind-protected bowls assures excellent packed and powder snow for uninterrupted good skiing. Families are always welcome at Heavenly . . . Teen dances and parties — And baby-sitting services are available in the area to give Mom and Dad worry-free skiing and evenings out. Professional, a long-time coach of the Far West Junior National Team, and coach of the International Summer Racing School. A large staff of experienced American and European certified in- structors hold classes each morning and afternoon in the latest ski techniques for beginners to experts . . . Children's classes and private lessons by appointment. Each winter Heavenly sponsors a special program of professional coaching for aspiring young racers . . . The Heavenly Valley Blue Angels. Charge Card, or Diner's Club Card you can arrange for your entire "HEAVENLY SKI VACATION" . . . Air fare, skiing, instructions, lifts, equipment rentals or purchase, Hertz Rent-A-Car service and accommodations and meals at the hotel, motel or lodge of your choice. Write or phone for information about Heavenly Valley's many fab- ulous low-cost "LEARN TO SKI WEEK" Vacation packages. Heavenly Valley Ski movies are available for club and group showings.

EAST PEAK EL. 9,591 FT. MONUMENT PEAK EL. 10,167 FT. LAKE TAHOE AIRPORT U.S. 50 HWY. TO SAN FRANCISCO LAKE TAHOE HOTELS, HOTELS

47 Journal RE. Johnson 1968 May 3 Berkeley to Livermore, California A foggy cool day in Berkeley. Left for Livermore at 11:40 AM & arrived at 12:20 PM. The sky was clearing at Livermore. Drove out the road to the US Veterans Hospital & beyond this to the new dam (Del Valle Dam) on Arroyo Mochi Creek & up the reservoir floor on a dirt road for 2 miles. I stopped in an area where the wash bottom was 200 ft wide & dotted with ponds & broad benches on either side were covered with grass where cattle were grazing. The main excuse for this trip (if an excuse is needed to get some fresh air) was to trap ground squirrels for use in Physiological Ecology Lab. No sign was seen of them but the area abounded in birds, live birds in contrast to the mothball fleet of MVZ. Six Turkey Vultures fed on a cow carcass partly submerged in one of the large ponds. Later they circled overhead briefly, perhaps taking flight because of my approach. Four sat on the grassy bench across the wash & two of these appeared to go into battle, making postures with wings outspread & facing each other. Two Red-tailed Hawks circled near each other over the grassland & one gave chase to the other. Then the pursued one circled east & the other west to join another hawk. Together they circled peacefully up hill over oak grasslands. In the distance a Calif. Quail [illegible] of a Mourning Dove could be heard.

R.E. Johnson 1968 48 Journal May 3 Berkeley to Livermore, California Yellow-billed Magpies were commonly seen flying over the open wash bed or grassland but were rarely seen otherwise. Brewers Blackbirds walked the edges of the wash ponds feeding & several were seen at a feeding trough for cattle. One Willet waded in a pond & occasionally called. Killdeer were commonly heard. Cliff Swallows dove over the pond surfaces & a Belted Kingfisher was seen flying to a low bank above the water with a white object in its month. Shortly after landing it swallowed the object. At intervals of approx. 2 minutes it plunged into the water (out of my sight) & rapidly returned to the perch shaking the water off & preening. Since it always faced away from the water on its perch between dives & spent a large part of this time shaking & preening, one would guess that it entered the water to bath. Unfortunately I could not see the entry itself. Was it head first or foot first when bathing?? A pair of Bulluck's Orioles flushed from my side of the wash, the or calling loudly & flew across the wide open wash to the other side. They encountered another pair there & they were rapidly chased back to my side before they had even had a chance to alight. The pursuing bird only chased them a short ways but this proved sufficient. A Linnet & several single Green-backed Goldfinches were seen sitting on bush &

Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 May 3 Berkeley to Livermore, Calif. thistle tops in the grassland. Starlings were seen flying several times. Canada Geese were heard overhead but were not seen. The voice of the Meadowlark was common but none were seen. [illegible] An Anna's Hummer sat atop a 2ft bush only 2ft from a Green-backed Goldfinch. No interaction. The goldfinch flew on after several minutes. Two Western Kingbirds sat on stumps 50ft apart overlooking the grassland. A Western Bluebird flew nervously from one low perch to another & out of sight. Killdeer were displaying along the wash bottom. Incomplete displays involved raising the tail & lowering the head by pivoting the body on the legs. In complete displays the whole body was then lowered so as to appear to rest on the sand (breast touching). The tail was fanned out & tilted upward & the wings were parted so that the rufous-tan [illegible] rump patch was conspicuous as well as the black band on the tip of the tail. The bill was slightly open & squivering, emitting a

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R.E. Johnson 1968 50 Journal May 3 Berkeley to Livermore, Calif. beneath the oak canopy) and a Scrub Jay were seen. Yellow-billed Magpies & Bullocks Orioles were more common than below. Further up the slope Buckeye became a common tree & overstory Montia was in the shade. The vegetation formed a more complete canopy. A tick (winged) lit on me reminding me to make a thorough tick hunt this evening (+ to scratch & swat the rest of the afternoon). A Swainson Thrush fed on the ground under the dense oak canopy. A pair of Black-headed Grosbeaks fed in a Buckeye tree nearby & the male sang. A Starling fed in the top of an oak in the glassland. There were many Q & one Emma. Bullock's Orioles. They flew back & forth from oak to oak, usually remaining in the foliage about half way up the trees. A Meadowlark sang from somewhere within the oak grassland. A Western Kingbird foraged from the top of an oak overlooking the extensive grassland. A Nuttall Woodpecker worked along the undersides of oak branches while hanging upside down. A Titmouse (Plain) worked the upper side of the same branch. The oak trees were loaded with clumps of mistletoe. The grassland contained Brodea throughout (+ poppies), thistles, radish, monkey flower, etc in the lower open parts. Baskets of gooseberry & elderberry were common in the oak-grassland.

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51 Journal RE: Johnson 1968 May 3 Berkeley to Livermore, California low (3 ft up). Calif. Quail were on the limbs of oak trees at 3:30 PM & several more were 20 ft. up on limbs of a Buckeye tree. In all cases they were well protected in the foliage. Several Oregon Juncos were seen in the shade of the trees and one sparrow of uncertain species. Mourning Doves flew over now & then & one lit in a Buckeye tree about 10 ft below the canopy. A Calif. Jay started squawking upon seeing me & this immediately brought out the presence of a Bush-tit that I hadn't noticed until then. It began twittering. This prompted me to start the "pish" call which brought another Jay & shortly another Bush-tit and several Oregon Juncos. After a bit a pair of Plain Titmice appeared & came within 5 ft of me chattering & complaining. They remained and House Wren came near singing. Another Jay approached and a Swainson Thrush came up quietly & watched. Quite a noisy response! Two new species were brought out of the woodwork by the call. Driving back to Livermore several Acorn Woodpeckers were seen on telephone poles; a Sparrow Hawk & several Red-winged Blackbirds were on fence & phone lines. Next drove out of Livermore on S. Livermore Ave & followed it to Corral Hollow to check for locations to

52 Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 May 3 Berkeley to Patterson Livermore, Calif. & returns. set traps for ground squirrels. I heard one chirp from a barren area beside the road. The Coral Hollow area has short grass cover & many barren patches and looks idea for ground squirrels. I checked with Mr. Bob Connley of the Connley Ranch and he was enthusiastic about trapping ground squirrels on his property & suggested a location next to his barn & coral area where he sees them often & plans to poison in a month. A guard at the Lawrence Radiation Lab Test Site gave me the name & phone number of another land owner in the area, C.C. McCumber of Livermore (phone Hilltop 72168) owns the property along the road adjoining the test site. I did contact McCumber however. [map diagram] I then drove east to Interstate 5, then North to Patterson Pass, then west again to Patterson & back to Berkeley.

lemon [illegible] 24 [illegible]

Johnson, R.E. 1968 (Part) catalogue #411-487 Journal Montana

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Catalog R.E. Johnson 110 Saint Marys Lookout, 9331 ft, Bitterroot Mtne, 7 1/2 miles west of Stevensville, Montana Aug. 3, 1968 411 ♂ Rosy Finch Testes 1mm skull os. buccal sacs empty 24.8 in molt (Flight & body feathers) 412 Imma. Rosy Finch skull unos 21.5 413 ♂ H " testes 1mm skull os. buccal sacs full 27.1 414 ♂ " " testes 2mm skull os. 24.7 415 Imma " " skull unos. 23.0 416 ♂ " " testes 2mm skull os buccal sacs full 24.2 417 ♀? " " skull os. 21.4 Lolo Pk, 9075 ft, Missoula Co, Montana, Bitterroot Mtne. Aug 6, 1968 418 ♂ Rosy Finch testes 2mm buccal sac partly full skull os 28.4 419 ♂ Rosy Finch testes 2mm buccal sacs full skull os . 25.0 420 Imma Rosy Finch skull unos. 26.2 421 ? Rosy Finch skull os. rear 1/3 & back of skull blown off 21.4+ 422 Imma Rosy Finch skull unos Trapper Peak (ne cirque), 9000 ft, Ravalli Co, Montana, Bitterroot Mtus. Aug. 11, 1968 423 Rosy Finch skull os. 424 ♂ " " skull os testes 1mm 25.2 in molt (Flight & body feathers) 425 ♂ Rosy Finch skull os testes 1mm 26.7 in molt ( in molt) 426 ♂ Rosy Finch skull os. testes 1mm 27.2

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Catalog R.E. Johnson Mtns Trapper Peak (ne. cirque), 9000 ft, Ravalli Co, Montana, Bitterroot Aug. 11, 1968 427 ♂ Rosy Finch testes skull (in molt 3mm os. wing & breast) 26.2 428 ♂ Rosy Finch testes in molt 2mm skulls 28.8 429 ♂ Rosy Finch testes in molt 1mm skulls 27.6 430 Imm. Rosy Finch skull una. 24.8 431 Imm. Rosy Finch skull una 24.5 432 ♀ Rosy Finch ovary 3x2mm skulls 26.1 433 ♂ Rosy Finch testes 1mm skulls 27.9 434 ♀ Rosy Finch ovary 4x2mm skulls 26.5 ovary 435 ♀ Rosy Finch 3x2mm skulls 27.7 436 ♂ Rosy Finch testes (in molt) 1mm skull os 27.0 ovary 437 ♀ Rosy Finch 2x3mm skulls 25.7 one testes (?) skull os 1mm 25.0 in molt Illinois Pk (ne cirque), 7000 ft, Mineral Co, Montana, Bitterroot Mtns Aug 15, 1968 439 Imm. Rosy Finch 24.0 Unnamed Peak, 1 mi. e. of Pintlar Pass, 9200 ft, Granite Co, Montana. Anaconda Range Aug. 23, 1968 440 Imm. Rosy Finch skull una. 25.0 441 Imm. Rosy Finch skulls 27.5 442 Imm. Rosy Finch skull una. 28.0

R.E.Johnson Catalog 112 \frac{1}{2} mi. w. of East Pintlar Peak, Granite Co., Montana, 9200 ft, Anaconda Range. Aug. 24, 1968 443. Imma Rosy Finch skull unoz. 24.5 444 ♂ Rosy Finch 1mm testes buccal sacs full 26.0 445 ♀ Water Pipit 2x8mm ovary skull os. 21.0 \frac{1}{2} mi. n. of West Pintlar Pk, Deer Lodge Co., Montana, 9000 ft, Anaconda Range Aug. 24, 1968 446 ♀ Rosy Finch blood patch buccal sacs empty 23.0 2x2mm ovary skull os. 477. Imma Rosy Finch skull unoz. 24.0 \frac{1}{4} mi. w. & \frac{1}{2} mi. n. of Little Rainbow Mtn, Deer Lodge Co., Montana. Anaconda Range Aug. 27, 1968 478. Imma Rosy Finch skull unoz. 28.5 479 Imma. Rosy Finch skull unoz. 24.0 480 Imma Rosy Finch skull unoz 27.0 481 Imma Rosy Finch skull unoz. 26.0 482 Imma, Rosy Finch skull unoz. 24.5 483 Imma. Rosy Finch skull unoz. 27.5 buccal sac empty in molt 484 ♂ Rosy Finch skull os. 1mm testes 27.0 485 Imma. Rosy Finch skull unoz. 26.0 486 Imma. Rosy Finch skull unoz. 26.0 Storm Lake Pass, 9100 ft, Deerlodge Co., Montana. Anaconda Range. Aug. 27, 1968 487. Imma Water Pipit skull unoz. 21.0

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R.E. Johnson 1968 Rosy Finch Collecting Trip Montana Trip - Summer 1968 July 27 - Sept. 23 53

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54 Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Trip to Montana From Berkeley, Calif. - Summary July 27 - Drove VW bus from Berkeley to Fresno where I had fuel pump trouble. Being Sat evening I could not repair it then, so left it & drove a Hertz Rental Car from Fresno Airport to Kings Canyon National Park (Cedar Grove) to see my parents, who were camping there. Arrived at 1 A.M. July 28 Cedar Grove to Fresno, Calif. Visited with my parents. Birds in open pine forest: Western Wood Pewee - feeding fledged young, Olive-sided Flycatcher, Stellar Jay, White-headed Woodpecker, Hairy Woodpecker, Mtn. Chickadee, Brewer Blackbird. Drove back to Fresno, returned car & spent night in motel. July 29 Fresno to Sagemen Creek Station, Calif. Drove north & had minor car trouble. Neill's VW in Sacrament couldn't find trouble (they put in spark plugs which wasn't the trouble), so I drove on to Donner Pass, & Truckee & then up to Sageman for a shower & camped out. Visited with Mike Fitzgerald. Micratus are having a high. July 30 Sagemen Creek, Calif. to Twin Falls, Idaho.

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Journal 55 K.E.Johnson 1968 July30 Sagesen Creek, Calif to Twin Falls, Idaho Unsuccessful trip until east of Battle [illegible]in,Nevada, where my car began to miss & reduce my speed especially on hills. The VW dealership at Elko is small & I judged I could do better by forging on to Twin Falls. I barely made it to Twin Falls. They found I had zero compression on one [illegible] cylinder & a burned valve as the cause. Also the carburetor was spilling gas all over the engine! Spent night in motel. July31 Twin Falls, Idaho to May Creek Campground, Montana The car was ready at 3PM and I drove north via US93A, watching birds as I went. Southern Idaho is open flat ground which is either covered with sagebrush or has been cleared for farming. The highway passes through a quiltwork of these types of vegetation. Roadside are usually lined with fence posts & telephone poles providing perching sites for many birds. Road kills of rabbits are common. Twin Falls -> Shoshone on US93: Black-billed Magpie & Barn Swallow common. Richfield - sagebrush Mourning Dove - common Carey: English Sparrow - common Black-billed Magpie

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59 R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal July 31 Twin Falls Idaho to May Creek Campground Montana Mourning Dove - common Sterling - common - juveniles sit in cottonwood tree in green field near houses. Red-winged Blackbird - streamside + pondside vegetation Robin - one Western Kingbird - two Brewer Blackbird - common Greater Yellowlegs - one Western Meadowlark - one Killdeer - one Green-winged Teal - one ? Black-billed Grebe - common Coot - common Black Tern - one Teal - ? with blue wings - 2 Ruddy Duck - (0) one small lake & a few small ponds ne of town Moose: Mourning Dove English Sparrow Barn Swallow Black-billed Magpie Western Meadowlark Darlington: Sparrow Hawk

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Journal 57 R.E. Johnson 1968 July 31 Twin Falls, Idaho to May Creek Campground, Montana near Ft. of Mt. Borah Raven - 4 Drove through Salmon, up to Lost Trail Pass & turned right (east) toward Wisdom & Big Hole Battlefield. Camped 11 miles down this road at May Creek Campground (water, tables, stores, trees, etc.). July 32 (Aug. 1) May Creek Campground to Missoula, Montana Drove back to Lost Trail Pass & then down the Bitterroot Valley toward Missoula. Turned off to right (east) to drive 3 miles up to Sula Lookout to get better view of Bitterroot Mtns. Could see (good) (10131 ft) Boulder Peak, Trappers Pk., [illegible], Sugar Loaf (9600 ft.), Como Pks (9552 ft.), + Ward Mtn (9010 ft.) (or 9 230 ft) (from south to north). Maps covering area (West Fork & Darby District Maps of Bitterroot National Forest; Hamilton & Elk City quads of USGS 1: 250,000 series) differ on elevations by as much as 250 ft in some cases. Considerable snow is still present in cirques & other protected locations. Fire danger is high. Further toward Missoula I turned off to the left up the paved road to West Fork Ranger Station (11 miles). The road is paved for only a short ways beyond this. Before reaching the RS a number of side roads are passed. One (Levene Creek

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R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal 58 Aug. 1 Moy Creek Campground to Missoula, Montana Rd), leaves via Troy Creek Rd to the Trail (# 133) to Trapper Peak, the highest peak of the Bitterroot Range. Six miles of dirt Rd, 5 1/2 miles of trail. Further along another road turns right, up Boulder Creek to a campground (1 mile), which would be a useful base of operations in that area. Drove on to Missoula. Spoke with Dr. Hoffmann, picked up mail, & saw the VW dealer (Universal Motors). Camped in Pattee Canyon. Aug 2. Missoula, Montana Had VW valves adjusted. Talked to Dr. Hoffmann & Templeton. Bought groceries & other supplies. Camped in Pattee Canyon. Aug 3. Missoula to St. Marys Pk, Montana Drove to Stevensville & saw the Creamery Picnic Parade, US Forest Service, etc and then drove up in the Bitterroot Mtns. to roads end below St. Mary Lookout. The road is found by driving 2 miles south of the Stevensville turnoff on US 93, to St. Mary Rd. & Tr. sign, then turn right (west) & follow signs (well marked) 13 miles to roads end (dirt). Here the Trail (# 116) takes off into the Lodgepole Pine Forest. Rd end to Lookout = 4 miles. A Thunderstorm passed north over the Bitterroots at 1 to 2 PM. It was over St. Mary Peak at 1:35 PM. The storm continued for several hours. Lightning strikes

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Journal 59 R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 3, Missoula to St Marys Peak, Montana occurred in the area but no fires were sighted from St Mary Lookout, Many fires were sighted from Ward Mtn L.O. further south. St Mary peak sits to the east of the main divide of the Bitterroot Mtns. This is true also of all the highest peaks of the range. Each sits on a side running ew ridge. While each of these peaks is above timberline, has some cliff faces & some snow and several are known to have rosy finches (trapper, St Mary, St Joseph), the mainridge is actually more alpine, barren, & snow covered. French (Condor, 61:24) commented on the elevation where rosy finches were found for this range based on his records of the high east side peaks. Actually it is clear that rosy finches must occur at lower elevations & in greater numbers on the main ridge. Scrubby 2-3 foot White-barked pine trees ascend to the top of St Mary Peak on the south slope. The top of the peak is broken rock & scant vegetation. One Rosy Finch was collected from cliffs on the NW after it flew there from the area below the lookout tower. At 5:30 PM one adult & one young were collected below a large snow patch NE of the lookout tower. There were 2 other young birds left uncollected. Two more adults were collected at 8 PM on cliffs W of where the 1st bird was collected. Spent night in the lookout tower with lookout Bruce Johnson.

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 aug. 4 St. Mary Peak The storm continues this morning after a lull over the night. The sky is black to the south & its moving this way. Sky is cloudy overhead (6:30AM). A Cassin Purple Finch was feeding on the ground beneath the tower. Chipmunks and Golden-mantled Ground Squirrels also foraged on the ground near the tower. I hiked down the ridge running west from the tower toward the Heavenly Twins (9260) which lie closer to the main north-south backbone of the Bitterroot Mtns. This ridge is considerably lower than either peak but is alpine in nature, especially on the north side. I hiked west as far as the 1st side ridge running north, then followed this & descended into the basin to the rt.(east - the basin between me & St.Mary Pk.). This basin contains many large snow banks & several pretty, small lakes surrounded by meadows &or trees. Half way down I collected one adult Rosy Finch, the only adult seen all day. Several Water Pipits were seen and I heard one Cony. Clark's Nutcrackers were fairly common below the lakes. Two Hummingbirds were seen. Both approached to within a foot or two me, apparently attracted by my bright red rain coat. In the next basin to the west I saw a Peregrine Falcon in flight. There were 3adult & 2 young Mtn. Goats low on the slope of the Heavenly Twins.

Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug 4 St. Mary Peak I returned east & took the side ridge to the south above the McCalla Lakes. The upper lake has some jagged points above it & a large snow bank but the location is surely too low for rufous finchee. I did hear Water Pipits on the upper slopes of the ridge above the lower lake (lake closest to St. Mary Pk). There were several Junco along the ridge in scrubby white-barked Pine. Rain which had be threatening all morning now came down hard & I headed back to the lookout. Poor weather continued in the afternoon until 3 PM or so when we saw the 1st of a party of 7 people coming into view from below. I returned to the ridge running north from the lookout where I again found 2 young birds (probably those I'd seen yesterday), but no adults. Near the lookout I found 2 other young birds which were apparently from the cirque to the nw. I collected one of these. I neglected to label the two birds as to date & thus all 7 birds collected on St. Mary Peak are listed for Aug. 3 on the labels & in the catalog. I hiked on down the mtn, changed the charts at the weather station at Lower McCalla Lake for Bruce, and mailed his outgoing mail. Aug 5. Missoula & vicinity, Montana Spent the morning & early afternoon exploring

R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal 62 Aug 5 Missoula & vicinity, Montana possible routes up Lolo Peak. There are two obvious possibilities: 1) via McClain Creek Rd to Carlton Lakes which lies at the east base of Lolo Peak (9075 Ft), 2) hike from Mormon Lookout road via Mill Creek Trail. The 1st route would be the quickest route if a jeep were available, but probably not otherwise. The name "McClain Creek Rd" is rather misleading. The Stevensville Ranger District Map, 1964 for Bitterroot National Forest shows a road up McClain Creek. This is not the correct road. The map shows another road further south that goes to or toward Carlton Lakes. This is the correct road is labeled McClain Creek Rd along the highway. The map shows a jeep trail leaving [illegible] road at one point & later intersecting this road again. At the 1st takeoff of the jeep trail there is a sign pointing the way to Carlton Lakes & this is the correct route to follow, rather than continuing to the second intersection of the two since the main road was washed out before this latter point. The jeep road is often steep & loose and at one point I had to take a short switch backing side road to make it up the slope, but the VW finally passed made it , the second jet with McClain Creek Rd. before the slope was too steep for the VW. At this point I was further from the Lolo Peak than I would

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug.5 Missoula & vicinity, Montana be from the nearest point on Mormon Creek Rd. With a jeep however one can apparently go all the way to upper Carlton Lake which is only a mile (+1000 ft elevation) from Lolo Peak. I returned to the highway (US 93) & drove north to Lolo & took the road (1t.) toward Lolo Pass, to the take off point of the dirt road to Mormon Lookout (10 miles). This was followed to a saddle between Lolo Ph and Mormon Ph (1.5 miles from Mormon Ph). I drove on to the lookout to check on the route. The lookout (a Beth something) said to follow Mill Creek trail from the previously mentioned saddle until I encountered a cleared steep slope (a huge run) leading up slope to the left. Follow the huge run to its top & beyond (following trail blases, red flagging & occasional trail rutts).to the ridge top. From there the ridge top is followed west through open Timber to timberline & up & over the 1st peak. Lolo peak lies beyond this a short ways. I returned to Univ. of Montana and skinned birds, then attended a Zoology Dept picnic held in Patter Canyon. Aug 6. Lolo Peak, Butterroot Mtms, Montana Hiked to Lolo Peak via Mormon Lookout route, Mill Creek Trail, etc. I examined the cliffs (north & east facing) of the 1st peak. There are large rock slides, a few snow patches, & some meadows below in the cirque

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R.E Johnson 1968 Journal Aug. 6 Lolo Peak, Bitterroot Mtns., Montana floor, but the area is really not quite alpine in characters. Alpine Larch & White-barked Pine reach the top of the peak on ~~ via the south, east & west slopes & a few trees occur on the north cliff face as well. I have seen Rosy finches in a few places that appeared no more alpine than this (eg. Crater Lake, Skotchman Pk.) but I wouldn't expect them. Nonetheless Water Pipits were heard in the cirque, along with Chipmunks, Conys, and Clark Nutcrackers. Oregon Juncos were seen near timberline. A Cooper Hawk was seen near the top of the peak. It was pursued by several pipits. Grouse (sp?) droppings were common near the top. Plants included Bistort, Daisies, White Heather (Cassiope) & Bluebell. The ridge toward the south leading to Lolo Pk became more barren as it went but trees were still found up to the point where the peak proper turns up abruptly. The NE face is talus slope & has snow patches but no cliffs. The north face has some large cliffs & rock outcrops with large snow patches at their bases. Here I collected 3 adult Rosy finches, that appear to be pure or near pure ~~ L.T. tephroctica, and 2 juveniles. I also saw one very light grey intermediate form, an adult that was feeding young in a nest in a vertical cleft near its top. Rather late date for nesting!

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Journal 65 R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug. 6 Lolo Peak, Bitterroot Mtns, Montana The nest site was totally inaccessible without rope. Two other juvenile rosy finches were seen but not collected. Pikas & Golden-mantled Ground Squirrels were the only other vertebrates seen. The top of the peak was nearly barren, having no trees or shrubs & only widely spaced vegetation. On the north face there were a few [illegible] plants. There is a USFS register on top. Further south is another slightly lower peak. It is also barren looking & has snow along its east & north east slopes, but there are no extensive cliffs. I heard a few pipits on the flat top of this mtn & heard a cony down the east talus slope but these were the only species of vertebrate found. Vegetation on top included Bluebell (Campanula) and 2 species of White Heather (Cassiope & Phyllodice). Lolo - north peak my route up huge run & then along ridges Lolo Peak 9075 ft. Carlton Creek North One Horse Lake Reed lake One Horse Creek Lolo - south peak South One Horse lake

Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug.7 Missoula, Montana Spent day stuffing birds, listening to the Republican Convention, etc. Aug.8. Missoula, Montana Spent day working on committee draft for Master's Thesis, answering mail, + etc. Aug.9. Missoula, Montana More work on Master Thesis, more mail, etc. Had dinner at Ivan Johnsons. Shinned birds all evening. Aug10. Missoula to Trapper Ph, Montana Scattered clouds in morning around Missoula. Drove south on US 93 + run into rain. Clouds were obscuring the tops of the peaks from Cone Lake south. I stopped at Darby Ranger Station to check on weather forecast. They claimed it wasn't raining + would continue clear through tonight! However I didn't believe them + I kept my raincoat on. They suggested another route to the north face of Trapper Peak. The old route was via West Fork (see Aug.1) (Pierce G.Rd) Rd, Lovene Creek Rd, etc. The new route is the second dirt road after you pass the Job Corps Camp going SW on the paved West Fork Road. This road goes up Pierce Creek + creates a ridge. The ridge could then be followed cross- country + then descended into the cirque holding Baker & Gem Lakes, etc. This would save climbing as high as Trapper Pk if the rocky finders are actually below in the cirque. I drove on up West Fork Rd + followed the old

69 Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 10 Missoula to Trapper Peak, Montana route up Levene & Troy creeks to the trail head and then loaded my pack & hiked up the trail toward Trapper Peak. I didn't get on the trail until 4:50PM. The trail starts off as if it were going to [illegible] do all the climbing in the first mile (or is it that I'm just broad that out of shape?). It ascends up a ridge, gradually passing beyond Lodgepole pine into White-bark pine. The trees become shorter, the stands more open, Red Heather becomes common, & the trail becomes less distinct so that one must follow red &/or blue flagging on trees. Finally the trail breaks into an open alpine slope of crushed & broken rock & sparse vegetation. I crested the ridge which runs cast from Trapper Peak at the upper (western) edge of the krumholz & I left my pack there. I then hiked the ridge west over one summit, down of Trapper Ph. & up again to the true summit where as the south side of this ridge was a gradually slope with low trees, he north face was vertical with considerable snow below. North below where I left my pack is Gem & Middle lakes. Just south further east, of this is an unnamed lake to Baker Lake. A up the north face to beautiful basin. Snow reaches the ridge top near this spot & at a number of other locations to the west toward Trapper Peak. Another lake could be seen north of the summit of Trapper Ph. Water Pipits were occasionally heard (not abundant) on the open

Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 10 Missoula & Trapper Peak, Montana South slope of the peak; Conys were heard along the summit. Hoary Marmots could be heard within the large airways on the north of the ridge. An adult Rosy Finch fed a young bird partway down the north Face, but they both flew down the cliffs before I could raise my binoculars to see what species they were (they were out of shotgun range). Another rosy finch was heard far down the north face. The weather remained threatening when I returned to my peak at 9:30 PM. It had sprinkled on the hike up & had obviously rained hard earlier in the day. Thunder could be heard to the sw. I ignored the signs & threw out my sleeping bag on the ridge top & ate dinner in bed. Stars came out above but the sky was black to the east, south, & west. Amazingly still air for a mtn. top. Below I could see lights from Darby & Hamiltons, in the opposite direction, a light at Boulder Pt. Lookout. Three Owls circled low overhead & I collected one of them. A beautiful location & an interesting night. Aug 11 Trapper Peak, Ravalli Co, Montana Up early & hiked down (east) along the ridgetop listening down the north Face for Rosy finches. Continued east until nearly above the unnamed lake (8400 ft). The cliffs are well developed & there are large snow patches below the cliffs & also along the north lip of the ridge. However the ridge is crested with pine trees coming up the south slope and this

Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 11 Trapper Ph., Ravalli Co., Montana (cont.) Location is probably a little low for rosy finches. None were heard. I hiked back to camp & then on west up the ridge to the 1st summit (East summit). From here I could hear distant chirps of rosy finches far down the north face, but I couldn't see any birds. I continued west down to the saddle between the two peaks & all the while could hear rosy finches far below. I climbed down the north face from the saddle, following a route starting a little east of the large snow bank (which runs west from the saddle) & climbing down & laterally east across the face of the East summit until I reached the cirque floor. In route I heard many Hoary Marmots, Conies, & Golden-mantled Ground Squirrels and a few Water Pipits. The bottom of the cirque, as well as its head (west of me) is filled with large boulders. The lower slopes of the north face that I just descended have many small plants growing amid the talus. Species include: Carpet Pink, Willow, Dryas, Skunkweed (Polemonium), Spotted Saxifrage, & Mtn. Sorrel. Clark's Nutcrackers were occasionally seen. On these lower slopes there were at least 20 adult + 30 young Rosy Finches feeding in a very loose flock. I collected 14 adults + 2

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70 Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 11 Trapper Pk, Ravalli Co., Montana (cont.) young birds. Adults occasionally fed young birds, but the young actively sought food independently also. A creek surfaced through the boulders for a few yards & then disappeared. Adult Rosy finches were constantly bathing here. One was seen feeding on Mt. Sorrel seeds. A Pike was also noticed collecting sorrel seed stalks & carrying them to his hay pile. Adult rosy finches seem to be in molt, but the q's are not. Thunder storms passed over 3 times during the day & drenched the area, only to pass on & be followed by bright sunshine. I ran out of ammunition & started climbing back out of the cirque at 5:30 PM. By the time I reached camp & loaded up to head back to the car, the sky was dark with threatening clouds. About half way to the car the rain began to fall. Shortly before this, before the trail becomes well defined I passed a lush green meadow (right or west of trail). It contains a good spring & would perhaps make a good campsite below timberline (perhaps 3 1/2 to 4 miles from car). Aug 12 Missoula, Montana Studied for Master's Oral Exam at Univ. of Montana

71 Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug 13. Missoula, Montana Studied for Masters exam in morning & took exam at 1:30 P.M. Committee: James R. Templeton, Burt Pfeiffer, Robert S. Hoffman, & Meyer Chessin. A rainy day. Stuffed Rosy Finches all evening. Aug 14. Missoula, Montana Stuffed Rosy Finches all day. Arranged for typist to type my final draft of the Master's Thesis. Rained all day. Water standing in streets. Aug 15. Missoula, Montana. Rain continued all day. Storm is general over western Montana & out eastward onto plains, therefore no point in starting a pack trip after Rosy finches. Instead I sorted out maps for the next several locations, caught up on mail, & finally labeled the last 4 rolls of Anchutka Island slides. Aug 16 Missoula to Superior to North Bitterroot Mtns., Montana Partly cloudy in the morning but the 3-day storm seems to be broken. Drove west of Missoula on Interstate 90 to Superior where I picked up a Superior District, Lolo Nat. Forest Map. Then I drove 25 miles up the Cedar Creek Road to the Montana - Idaho Border at 6400ft. in the northern Bitterroot Mtns. This is one of the highest points

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 16 Missoula to Superior to north Bitterroot Mtns Montana that a road attains in the Bitterroot Mtns north of Lolo Pass. While the mountains are considerably lower than so. of Lolo Pass, the lack of green overprint along the main ridges on the Hamilton & Wallace Topographic Maps of the 1:250,000 series suggests there may still be alpine habitat here. Also the maps show numerous small lakes on the north sides of the main ridges suggesting the presence of cirques. The previously mentioned pass lies directly above (so.) Missoula Lake & its west Oregon Pk (7000 ft.). A trail & jeep road takes off up the ridge to the northwest. The road peters out but the trail continues for 2 miles ending at the nearest of 2 lakes (Bonanza Lakes) on the north side of the ridge. A branch of the trail descends to the lake & another continues on the ridge. I followed the trail past Bonanza Lakes until I was directly above Lost Lake. Total distance one way was 3 to 4 miles. This ridge forms the Idaho - Montana border. It is timbered on the south side & is steeper, more shaded, & is covered with low vegetation on the north side. Sometimes the trees (Lodgepole Pine, Subalpine Fir) reach the ridge top, but for most of its length they do not. Vegetation on the north slopes & ridge crest includes: yarrow, False dandelion (Agoseris), Bear Grass, Mtn. Harebell, Angelica, Red Indian Paint Brush, St. Johns Wort, dwarf red

73 Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 16 Missoula to Superior to north Bitterroot Mtns, Montana huckleberry, western pasque flower, blue gentian, everlasting, & a tall (1 foot) red heather). Pine Siskins & Cassin's Finches were seen among the trees. Clark's Nutcracker was heard down the north slopes. Conys were heard from rock slides & rock outcrops along the top & north slope of the ridge. The vegetation was distinctly sub-alpine in nature. The most nearly alpine locations were (1) the head of the west-most Bonanza Lake, where there is a large snowbank & a large talus slope leading down toward the lake, (2) steep slopes & cliffs leading down toward 2 small ponds which were located SW & above Lost Lake. They are at approx 6600 ft & the ridge above is over 7000 ft. There are many large snow banks just above these ponds & another along the ridge top. It is clear that the sun only briefly reaches this slope & that vegetation here is seasonally behind the other parts of the ridge that have been seen. This second location is probably the most of the 2 adequate for rosy finches since it has more snow & steeper cliffs, however there is no real alpine vegetation. No rosy finches were seen or heard. To the NW, Eagle Cliff Pk (7543 ft) could be seen to have 2 snow patches on its SE side. Since it is the highest peak in that direction & has a lake on its north slope (Cliff Lake), it seems possible that it may have more

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R.E. Johnson 1968 74 Journal Aug 16. Missoula to Superior to north Bitterroot Mtns, Montana nearly alpine habitat on it. To the sw, Illinois Pk (7690 ft.) can be seen. It is the tallest in the area & has a tall lookout tower on top. A trail leads to it from Freezeout Summit (6200 ft.) on the road connecting Cedar Creek Rd to Trout Creek Rd. There are extensive cliffs & several large snow-patches on the nw face of Illinois Pk. I drove down the Cedar Creek Rd, then east over Freezeout Summit to Trout Creek & camped. Aug 17 North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana I had intended to hiked up Illinois Pk to hunt for Rosy Finches this morning but the weather changed abruptly. The sky was clear when I went to bed, but now it is dark and raining since at least 6 AM. I drove up the Trout Creek Rd to Hoodoo Pass (5900 ft.) and took an unmarked dirt road up to the se toward the higher mtns shown on the Hamilton:250,000 topographic map. The road was too muddy & slick. The VW couldn't get adequate traction & I backed down again. These higher mtns appear nearly as extensive on the map as the area to the nw (Illinois Pk to Ward Pk). The map shows no green overprint; there are many small lakes on the north slope of this ridge, and there are several points well above 7000 ft. The Hoodoo Pass area is a low timbered part

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Journal 75 R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug. 17 North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana of the backbone of the Bitterroots that lies between these 2 higher areas. I drove back down to Superior via the Trout Creek Road (paved much of the way) & stopped at the Superior District Ranger Station to check on the weather forecast: 3 days of continuous rain all over Western Montana. The lookouts have all been brought down since no lightning is expected & the fire danger has already dropped from Extreme to Medium. Drove west on Interstate 90 to St. Regis & visited the St. Regis District Ranger Station to check on the condition of the state line road which runs from Little Joe Mtn on the s.e. to & passed Dominion Ph on the n.w. The road was in good shape so I drove west 2 miles from St. Regis on Interstate 90 to the Little Joe Creek Rd & then up this road 13 miles (via the North Fork branch of the road) to the state line (summit & backbone of Bitterroot Mtns). at 5600 ft. The ridge at this point is densely forested & totally enveloped in clouds so that I could see little over 100 ft. I turned left & followed the summit road s.e seven miles to Little Joe Mtn. (7000 ft). The road now continues beyond this point (not shown on the 1966 St. Regis Ranger District Map) apparently as new access roads to an active logging operation. The road is in the forest some distance down the south slope of the ridge the whole way & due to

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Journal R.E.Johnson Aug 17 North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana The clouds I could never see up slope & thus was totally unable to tell whether any open ridges or alpine country occurred above me. The road up toward Little Joe Mtn is now an unmarked & little traveled narrow side road from the through road to the logging operation se of the mtn. I drove up this road & parked at the end which is over 100 yds se of the peak top. I hiked along the ridge top and apparently covered the highest part of the mtn, however I couldn't see over 50 ft & even became temporarily lost in route back to the car. Thus I could not be sure that a still higher point a short distance away wasn't missed entirely. What I did see indicated a steep slope of low vegetation on the north face & a wooded south slope. The top was covered with open woods or, small open herb covered areas. I could not see down slope on the north far enough to determine if there were steeper slopes, cliffs, or snow below. What I did see was not especially alpine in nature but the possibility does still exist that an alpine cirque existed below. I drove back west again along the state line road to where I first reached it and then continued nw along the road. The road continued in the trees most of the way & as

Journal 77 R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug. 17 North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana before I could not see due to the clouds. The sequence of peaks (east to west) from Little Joe Mtn to Dominion Pk with altitudes from the Wallace 1:250,000 USGS Topo Map underlined + altitudes from the St. Regis Ranger District 1966 Map in parenthesis: Little Joe Mtn (7000 ft); Black Pk, 6200; Berge Pk 6200(6186); Flattop Mtn, 6200; Ward Pk 7000,(7312) Eagle Pk, Gold Pk, [illegible]; Craddock Pk 6200,(6276); Wishard Pk, 6200; Quarles Pk, 5566; Crittenden Pk, 6400,(6416); Dominion Pk, 6032. The points of most likely interest are those above 7000 ft, ie. Little Joe Mtn already mentioned and the Ward Pk - Gold Pk area. From a point east of Ward Pk along the road, steep rock faces and cirque lakes can be seen. Nearer the peak the road approaches to within 100 ft of a view down upon Square Lake. There are probably no rosy finchies near this lake, but there might be at the heads of several smaller lakes (Hub, Mary, etc) due to the east face of Ward. Further along the road a trail is passed which leads to [illegible] Pk (1 mile), Gold Pk (2 miles) & Up Up Lookout (6 miles). There appears to be some inconsistency regarding the naming of the peaks. There are three named points on the map Ward Pk seems agreed upon. The second two are Eagle Pk (7333) + Gold Pk(7088),6800. Gold Peak is certainly more than a mile beyond Ward Pk on the trail & therefore the trail sign must refer

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78 Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 17. North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana To Eagle Pk. Since Gold Pk is merely the end of a ridge off Eagle Pk & the site of a lookout, it seems possible that the name Gold Pk might be applied (as Eagle Pk) to either the main pk or to the lookout location which are approx. one mile apart. Further around Ward peak on the road a point is reached where one can look down upon Clear Lake. The view in the picture below is much better than the cloudy one I saw, but it is not clear from either the picture or my own observation if there is appropriate habitat for rosy finches. Clear Lake

Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 17 North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana From the road in the clouds, the remainder of the ridge appeared to be forested. However twice a spur road lead up onto points which had been lookout tower locations in past times. The open forest-free tops may have been artificially cleared to make ready for these lookouts. There were some old tree stumps lending support to such a view. On the 1st of these points, Quarles Pk., grass, yarrow, alum root, aster, huckleberry, indian paint brush, & everlasting covered the top. The other peak (Dominion Pk) was covered by grass, yarrow, bear-grass, lupine, & indian paint brush. Visibility was so poor at both locations that I could not tell what kind of slope or vegetation formed their north slopes. I returned to Interstate 90 via the wendy Dominion Creek Rd. Further NW along the Bitterroot Mtns there is another mountain of interest (Wonderful Pk & associated pks - max. 6838 ft) which is not reached by this summit road. The Wallace 1:250,000 topo map shows no green overprint for this area & 2 large cirques on north slopes containing small lakes. I drove east to Superior & up Trout Creek to Trout Creek Campground for the night.

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R.E. Johnson 1968 North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana Aug. 17 Bitterroot T19N Cruzan Mtn Saltese Saltese Mtn CHICAGO 305 Storm Pk Haugan Mtn Haugan 305 De Borna Henderson Hill 10 Rivers PK McGee Pk Gold Eagle Pk Up Up Mtn Moon PK Bitterroot T18N Bernier Pt Quarles Pk Wishart PK 391 Mirror Pk Pt Henry Point Eightyone Malin Pt Adams PK ST JOE Beetle Hump Black Jack Pk Idaho RANGE MONTANA T17N Flatop Mtn Berge Pk Little Joe 4TH Torino Pk Pegleg Mtn Fourth of July Gulch Diamond Lake

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Journal 81 R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug.18 North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana (Illinois Pk.) Another rainy day with low clouds, but for some reason Illinois Pk seemed to be free of clouds when the other peaks were completely mantled with them. I drove back to Freezeout Summit (see Aug.16) & drove up the ridge about 3/4 of a mile toward Illinois Pk. Here the road ends & the trail continues for another 1 3/4 miles to the summit. Rain fell (& some hail & snow) on the hike up but visibility remained good. The north side of the ridge, the trail follows up to the peak is steep & has several snow filled chimneys that extend 500 ft. down to a wide boulder filled cirque below. Aside from these chimneys, most of the north face is covered with krumholz vegetation. The top of the peak is bald, but surrounded closely by trees (White- barked Pine, Mtn. Hemlock, Lodgepole Pine, Spruce, & Subalpine Fir). A short distance west of the (A sketch map) lookout tower another cirque is seen, that is 150 yds across at the top of the 1st scallop in the ridge & has a large snow patch part way down the face. Other smaller patches are located at the ridge top & at lower levels. At the bottom are several mine dumps & shafts. Further to the south west are several smaller scallops also leading into this cirque. The left wall of this cirque formed by the Montana Idaho border (the

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R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 18 Northern Bitterroot Mtns, Montana (Idaho Pk) crest of the Bitterroots) and a trail follows this ridge west. I sat at the head of this cirque & ate lunch. A juvenile Rosy Finch came up from near the snow patch below & landed at various points on the cliffs, then on a tree, & finally flew toward the lookout tower & out of sight. I was quite surprised as this looked like far from optimum habitat. Trees line the cliff top & no real alpine development occurs. Even so there are ample cliffs, snow patches, etc. The following plant species occur near the top of the peak: dwarf huckleberry, creeping juniper, redheather, Glacier Lily, Blue Gentian, beargrass, Lycopus, bistort, harebell, yarrow, Agoseris, Menziesia paintbrush, western pasqueflower, yellow columbine, Mertensia, false hellebore, Lyall Penstemon, a yellow penstemon, willowweed, buttercup, St. John's Wort, aster. West of this cirque (A), on the west side of the summit ridge of the Bitterroot Mtns, is another large cirque (B), filled with talus & boulders & with slopes of cliffs, trees, herbaceous vegetation on wet soil, & dense ericaceous vegetation depending on where one looks. Several snow patches lay at the bottom. Three Rosy Finches (juveniles) were flying about with 5 Clark Nutcrackers. They

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83 Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug. 18 North Bitterroot Mtns Montana (Idaho Pk) landed in old snags & I collected one Rosy Finch. The others flew up to the east & disappeared. Shortly another juvenile bird flew up from below & flew ne. Later 3 others appeared from below & flew from place to place in the cirque, sometimes landing in isolated clumps of trees, then later dropping to the ground to feed, then back to the trees, & finally off to a new location entirely. I was never able to get close enough to collect them. Conys were common in the rock slides & I heard one Rock Wren call from the bottom of the cirque. I hiked the Ida-Montana border ridge west above the mines, then back east & out the west running ridge that forms the left side of cirque 8. This ridge leads to a lower peak^ (Jodd Crown Pk (7374)) that still holds a little snow but I did not hike that far. Several steep chimneys lead from this ridge down into B & I descended one of these. I encountered 8 or 9 juvenile Rosy Finches on a [illegible] slope covered with herbs on wet dirt. They took flight before I could fire & they remained aloof for the next half hour when rain set in & the clouds lowered (8:30 PM) & I took off for the car. All the Rosy Finches seen today were juveniles.

Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug. 18 North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana, (Illinois Pk) and this is unusual. Probably however, there were adults around somewhere. I did not descend fully to the bottom of either cirque & this could have been a mistake. More than likely the birds do breed here & if so there were surely 2 or 3 successful nests judging from the number of juveniles. On the other hand perhaps these juveniles are Fall wanderers. They are well along in development, being already in molt to adult plumage & not being fed by adults. The nearest "good" habitat for ruddy finches is Lolo Peak, 50 air miles to the southeast. Other bird species seen near the top of Illinois Peak were: Robin (one), Golden Eagle (one), Audubon Warbler (3), Mtn. Chickadee (2), Mtn. Bluebird (one dead), Pine Siskin (30), Oregon Junco (30), Clark Nutcracker (15), Wilson Warbler (2), Ruby-Crowned Kinglet (2), & one Accipiter [sp?]. Chipmunks & Columbian Ground Squirrels were common. On the hike down I saw 2 Elk, a Spruce Grouse, a Blue Grouse, a Townsend Solitaire, & a Yellow-bellied Sapsucker. I drove back to Missoula & Pattee canyon in the rain for the night.

Journal 85 R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug. 18 North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana (Illinois Pk) N W E S Gold Crown Pk. St. Joe River A B Illinois Pk Graves Pk. to Cedar Creek to Trout Creek Legend = ridge trail road peak Montana-Idaho border

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R.E.Johnson 1968 North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana Aug. 18 Torino Pk 6936 T16N Diamond Lake Cliff Eagle Cliff Mineral Shoshone CO Bitterroot Sherlock Pk Gold Nugget Mine Cascade Pt Cascade Pk BM 4905 Wisdom Pk Yankee Pk Niagara spel BM 8340 Clearwater Gulch 19M Vanderbilt Hill Lost Pk 7409 27 Oregon Pk Gold Crown Pk Graves Pk T15N Oregon Lakes. Illinois Pk North River Trapper Ridge Pass Hoodoo Mt Baldy Thompson Stock Cayuse Saddle Prospect Mtn No 1 Prospect Mtn No 2 Little Phoebe Mtn Lightning Pk T14N Hoodoo Lake French Lake Fletcher Gulch 86 Mt Baldy Thompson Stock Cayuse Saddle Prospect Mtn No 1 Prospect Mtn No 2 Little Phoebe Mtn Lightning Pk T14N Hoodoo Lake French Lake Fletcher Gulch 86 NDARD 33 Superior BM 2744 Thompson PK Minytre Gulch Witmarsh Gulch Deer Lick Chimney Rock Farnum Gulch Shrock Airport 13 Creek Bear Gulch Bear Gulch Creek Van Ness Pt Eagle Rock Trout Creek Sunrise Mtn Smith Gulch Landowner Mtn Windfall L Quartz St Pa Pk Greenwood Cabins Fish Winter

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug. North Bitterroot Mtns, Montana 16-18 87 Interstate 90 2 mi. St. Regis 13 mi. Superior 2 mi. 15 mi. North Fork Little Joe Rd 3 mi. Trout Creek Camp-ground 2 mi. 6 mi. Cedar Cr. Rd. 25 mi. Freezeout Summit 4 1/2 mi. 9 mi. 5 1/2 mi. Bitterroot Mtns backbone Montana-Idaho border Trout Creek Rd.

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R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal Aug 19. Missoula, Montana. Rain continues. I stuffed my one bird, got a hotel room so I could dry out equipment, & picked up my Master's thesis manuscript; proof read it, etc. Aug 20 Missoula, Montana Rain continues off & on. More forms to fill out for the master's degree. Miscellaneous other chores (laundry, etc). Aug 21 Missoula, Montana Rain continues, low clouds, etc. Wrote letters. Clearing in afternoon. New snow on Lolo Peak. Aug 22. Missoula, Missoula Co., to Copper Creek Campground, Granite Co., Prediction was for improved weather (20% chance of rain) but that 20% came down hard all morning and well into the afternoon! I decided to drive to the anaconda Range and wait out the storm at the road head near the trail to Edith & Big Johnson Lakes. Thus I drove south from Missoula on US 93 through Hamilton to Montana Hwy 38, where - I turned left and drove toward Skalkaho Pass (7250ft.) on the crest of the Sapphire Mtns. Three or four miles before reaching the pass, the road passes Skalkaho Falls, a very pretty cascading waterfall. A mile from the pass I turned off to the left on a small dirt road leading to Dam Creek Lake. I got stuck in

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug 22, Missoula, Missoula Co., to Copper Creek Campground, Granite Co., Mont. the mud on a rough stretch of road & it took two hours to free my car by shoveling out a new road. The lake behind the small earth dam was very low & extensive mud flats were exposed. There were at least a dozen Spotted Sandpipers feeding along the waters edge. There were also several Robins, a Clark Nutcracker and several Oregon Juncos on the mudflats feeding. The object in driving to the lake was to obtain a view northward to westward at Dome Shaped Mtn (8694 ft.) & Skalkaho Mtn (8532) respectively. A semi open ridge could be seen to the north of the lake which was probably the ridge between these two peaks & is at an elevation of about 8000 ft. To the right of this was a higher wooded ridge which no doubt is the main crest of the Sapphire Mtns, however Dome Shaped Mtn itself could not be seen. Skalkaho Mtn was too far to the left to be seen due to intervening ridges & forest. Therefore it was not determined if either of these two peaks appeared to be alpine in nature. The Butte 1:250,000 USGS topo Map shows several other high peaks in the range but located south of Skalkaho Pass: Fox Peak (8788 ft.), Congdon Pk (8870 ft.) & an unnamed pk (8995 ft.). I returned to the main road & continued over

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R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug 22. Missoula, Missoula Co. to Copper Creek Campground, Granite Co., Montana Sheltakos Pass. There is a trail leaving this road opposite Crystal Springs Campground which leads to Dome Shaped Mtn (8 miles), Stony Lake (4 miles) + Divide Trail (5 miles). Continuing down the main road a rocky bald mtn is seen ahead. This is probably Mount Emerine (8687 ft). Continued down the road, crossed Rock Creek & drove on to US 10A, then north to Philipsburg for gas and then returned again to Rock Creek & drove up the Middle Fork past Moose Lake to the start of the trail to Big Johnson Lake. Mileages: Hi Line Trail 4 Edith Lake 5 Big Johnson Lake 6 Pintler Pass 8 Drove back again past Moose Lake & turned west on the Frogpond Basin Rd. to Copper Creek Campground. The sky at this time (9pm) was clear with stars showing overhead, however clouds are visible in the corners of the sky. Aug 23. Anaconda-Pintler Wilderness, Montana Clouds increasing throughout the morning & finally totally overcast by mid-afternoon. Took trail from Middle Fork of Rock Creek to Big Johnson Lake as planned. After the 1st mile there is plenty of water from small streams crossing the trail. The trail is generally easy and in the forest. I passed 2 groups of four services

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92 Journal R.E.Johnson Aug.23 Anaconda-Pintlar Wilderness, Montana (cont.) personal on the way out from a week of trail work in the storme. They were snowed in! The trail crew ran onto a large group of people (pack outfit) at Big Johnson lake who were using a power saw (illegal in the wilderness area). They told them the saw shouldn't be used & got lots of lip out of it. [The packers] refused to identify themselves. So, on my arrival, I checked to see who they were. Turns out they are the American Forestry Association trail group (Trail Riders or Wilderness Riders) packed out with a Mr. Ritchie (sq?) who normally packs Ward Russell into the Bitterroot country each Fall elk hunting! The AFA has been known to have a weak view of wilderness values, use, & preservation so it all figures. I saw nor, saw, but the fresh sawdust & large wood stocks suggest they may have had one. They have 85+ head of stock! I don't know how many people Birds around the lake include: Spotted Sandpiper, Stellar Jay, Clark Nutcrackers, Mallard & (with 2? ducks with green instead of blue in the wing. Otherwise they were very similar). The lake is surrounded by forest (Lodgepole Pine, Englemann Spruce, Subalpine Fir) except at the upper end where a meadow skirts the shore (the site of the large camp). Meadow species include Yarrow, Aster, Red Heather, Dwarf Huckleberry, Bog Orchis, & Elephant Heal & Blue Gentian. Mosquitos were common- the 1st I've seen this summer. Trail mileages as judged by trail signs aren't too

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Journal 93 R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug 23 Anaconda Pintlar Wilderness, Montana (cont.) consistent. A sign 3 miles from my car located at the trail jct of the trail to Edith Lake with the trail to Big Johnson Lake, reads 2 miles to Edith L & 2 miles to Big Johnson. According the this the distances are equal to both lakes. This may have resulted from relocation of part of the trail. Trail signs at Big Johnson Lake give the following mileages: Pintlar Pass 1.0 Big Johnson Lake to Rainbow Lake 3.5 miles 0.5 to Phyllis Lake I hiked on up 2/3 of the way to Pintlar Pass & camped in some trees on the edge of an open meadow, which contains a small stream. Columbian Ground Squirrels were abundant on the meadow. Glacier Lily seed heads & Bear Grass were common. I hiked on to the pass without my pack & then hiked up the ridge to the ne to an unnamed ptc (9400 ft) where Chipmunks & Lynxes were very common. Timbers (White-barked Pine) reached to 9200 ft on the south slope. The top was very rocky with several slopes of earth & herbaceous growth. A group of 15 Immature Rosy Finches were seen off & on at various points near the top. I collected 3 birds. No

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94 Journal RE Johnson 1968 Aug 23 Anaconda-Pintlar Wilderness, Montana (cont.) adults were seen. Young are in molt & feeding actively on the slopes, mainly on moist soil substrate & not on the rocks. Clark Nutcrackers were common near Timberline. A few snatches of goat wool were found on small trees along the ridge between the pass & the top of the peak. I headed back down at about 8:15 PM. By 9:30 PM the sky was again 100% clear. Heavy winds blow off & on after this time. Aug 24 Anaconda Pintlar Wilderness, Montana Hiked up to Pintlar Pass again & this time headed SW toward East Pintlar Ph (9486 ft.). Today is clear & windy. There are beautiful scattered cumulus clouds I heard Mt'n Chickadees near camp before I left & Water Pipits & Clark Nutcrackers just below the pass on the north side. The meadow near camp extends up-slope to the pass. On the pass I saw one Red-breasted Nuthatch working at the base of a 5 ft. tall White-bark Pine tree. Several Pine Siskins were heard & a flock of about 15 Rosy Finches flew from the north slopes of the ridge leading to East Pintlar to the west slope of the unnamed peak I climbed yesterday evening. These all appeared to be juveniles. After a short stop they again flew northward along the face of that peak at 9000 ft. This may have been the same group I saw yesterday. As I continued up the ridge Golden-mantled Ground Squirrels

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R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal 95 Aug.24 Anaconda - Pintlas Wilderneur, Montana (conti) became abundant (Columbian Ground Squirrels are common at the pass). Down the steep & clifty north face of the ridge & occasionally heard Heavy Marmots. One was seen only a short ways down the face, but others were apparently far below in the talus & boulder bottom of a large cirque. A group of 11 Rosy Finches flew west along the face of those cliffs at 8500 - 9000 ft elevation. Again these could be the same birds as before. Some at least were juvenile, probably all were. Near the top of East Pintlar Pk one Juvenile Rosy Finch feed on the more gradual south slope. A large gray (underside) Accipiter dove just south of the pk top but pulled out of the dive 10 Ft. from the ground surface. After all the bad weather, today seems fantastic. The view from the top of East Pintlar Pk (clockwise from north) includes Warren Pk (10,456 ft.), high backbone ridges of the Anaconda Range [Mc Glaughlin Pk (9483)], an unnamed peak with West Goat Mtn (10,793 ft) peering over the top; the Highland Mtns & Tobacco Root Mtns. (both to ne), Pioneer Mtns (east), the Big Hole Valley extending from the east southward & expanding, the southern Bitterroot Mtns (Lemhi Mtns east of Salmon, Idaho) south of the [illegible] Big Hole Valley, West Pintlar pk to the south. View to the west includes the whole Bitterroot chain from Boulder & Trooper Pks north

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R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal 96 Aug. 24 Anaconda - Pintlar Wilderness, Montana (cont) to Lolo Pk. Small amounts of goat wool were caught on small trees near the ridge that I followed to the pk. A Cooper Hawk flew low along the edge of the cliffs & slowly explored several spots among ledges on the face where Rosy Finches had been feeding only minutes before. It lit at two of these locations. Finally it slowly flew away. A group of about a dozen Rosy Finches were feeding on steep slopes & ledges on the north face & among them was at least one adult which I collected. It fed several of the young birds & those birds also actively foraged. I collected one of the young birds fed by the adult. Just prior to this I had seen a similar group foraging on the west shoulder of the peak. There was one adult that I could see & the rest were juven. This may have been the same group. Also on the west shoulder was a Water Pipit carrying food in its bill. I walked upslope & out of sight. When it again appeared it no longer had the food. This behavior suggests a nest but I couldn't find it. Very late for a nest. I collected the pipit. A Golden Eagle flew (with wings bent sharply as in a partial dive) low over the south slope of the peak. A Prairie Falcon dove at a spot where a meadow west of the pk top comes up to the top of the cliffs of the north face. It pulled out of the dive only two feet above the meadow and did a "twist" in the air &

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug.24 Anaconda-Pintlar Wilderness, Montana (cont.) appeared to be looking at me. On the meadow I had seen both Golden-mantled Ground Squirrels & Columbian Ground Squirrel. I continued to see a few juvenile Rosy Finches on the north face of the west shoulder of East Pintlar Pk but no additional adults. The flock of 12+ had disappeared also. I hiked down the ridge leading toward West Pintlar Pk. This leads to a low pass between two lakes, one a lake above Dreamer lake, the other a small lake draining down toward the Phyllis Lake Trail. I hiked around the west shore of the lake above Dreamer lake & listened up-slope for Rosy Finches. I heard the chirping of young birds high up the talus slope so I ascended & eventually collected one adult & one young bird that had just been fed. There were also other young birds hiding some distance away. I continued west up to the rocky ridge top, then south up the ridge to the top of West Pintlar Pk(9400). The peak is a large pile of rocks (south slope). The north face has some cliffs & a few good sized snow patches midway down the face toward the lake below. From the top Sawed Cabin lake, phyllis lakes, Hidden lake, Ripple lake & Kelly lake could be seen. The peak south of West Pintlar Pk has trees to the top (a lower peak, 9330) but has high cliffs above Hidden lake & there is still some snow left on that face (n./o.n.w.).

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R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal Aug. 24 Anaconda - Pintlar Wilderness, Montana (cont.) I hiked down the east talus slopes, then north to a small pond & down creek to Dreamers Lake, then down trail & up again over Pintler Pass & back to camp. The night was clear, windy, and warmer than the previous night. Aug. 25 Anaconda - Pintlar Wilderness, Montana Clear weather in the morning. I packed up & hiked back to the car, after a stop to visit the people on the AFA trip. [illegible] It didn't seem wise to collect today before hiking out since the warm weather was doing my dead birds no good. There was no snow close to camp that could be used to keep them cold. After arriving at the car I drove back to Copper Creek campground where I skinned all 8 birds. Additional notes from the previous few days: Plants in the high meadow where I camped (see Aug. 23): Purple Onion, Red Heather, Glacier Lily (seed pod), Bear Grass (gone to seed), Camas, Valerian, Bistort, Elephant Heads, Rush Cinquefoil, Parnassia, & a white Lousewort. Trees were White-barked Pine, Lodgepole Pine, Engelman Spruce, & Subalpine Fir.

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug. 23- 25 Anaconda Pintlar Wilderness, Montana (cont.) To Rd on Middle Fork of Rock Creek. Warren Ph Edith Lake Mc Glaughlin Ph. Johnson Lake Rainbow Lake Phylis Lake East Pintlar Ph. Camp below Pintlar Pass West Pintlorph Dreamnos Lake Hidden Lake Sawed Cabin Lake Legend stream x summit ridge trail

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100 Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug. 26 Sapphire Mtns Montana Drove from Copper Creek Campground up the dirt road to Frogpond Basin which sits adjacent the creast of the Sapphire Mtns. The object was to determine (1) if the higher pks of the range (see Aug 22) were accessible via this road and (2) if any of them might have rosy finches. There are a number of branches to the road once it enters frogpond basin. I took the leftmost 1st of them gradually worked the roads from left to right. The leftmost road ends up on a ridge which is just to the left side of the main ridge of the Sapphire Mtns. An abandoned mine (apparently the O'Brien Mine) is located on this road. A trail leaves this road & heads uphill to the right. It is marked "Bitterroot Pass & Hole-in-the-Wall." I followed it to the crest of the 1st ridge & then I veered off to hike to the highest peak on that part of the divide. This point is labeled "Frog" on the Philipsburg Ranger District, USFS Map. and has an elevation over 8400 ft. according to the Dillon 1:250,000 topo map (USGS). The top is a large rock cone which extends down either side of the ridge as very large talus slopes. Small patches of low vegetation occur on the top & in a few locations down the east talus slope. These consist of grames, bear grass, dwarf huckleberry, & creeping juniper. Trees (White-bark Pine, Subalpine Fir) cover the ridge leading up to the top from the north. Many corys were heard in the rock slides. Clark Nutcracker & a Townsend Solitaire were seen along the upper forest margin. There is no habitat

Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug.26 Sapphire MTns, Montana (cont.) for rosy finches on this or adjacent mtns (no cliffs, alpine vegetation, extensive snow, etc). There is a very small snow patch on the nw slope of the next peak south, but no cliffs. All the pics to the south appear to be timbered to the top. However a peak to the nw appears to be barren for its total n-s length of a mile or two & it has several small snow patches on its east face. It appears to be quite steep (approaching cliffs) on its east side. This is apparently the * highest peak in the Sapphire MTns (8995 ft), mentioned before (Aug.22). This spot would definitely be worth examining for rosy finches. I hiked back to the car & drove back out the road. I did not drive out the road to the Lutz Mine since it would only take me to low mtn areas north of the high peak I had just seen. The road to the Montana Prince Mine was blocked by a large fallen tree after I'd driven only a short ways, so that road was also left unexplored. Finally the rightmost road was followed. The sign said it went to Millers & Townsends Mines (see Philipsburg Ranger District Map). Just prior to reaching these mines the road splits. The *# left branch goes to a large abandoned mining operation. The right branch is apparently the ridge trail that barely shows because it parallele

Journal 102 R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug. 26 Sapphire Mtns, Montana (cont.) the county line & is covered by it on the Philipsburg Ranger District Map. Unfortunately an extensive mud puddle blocks the route to anything but a 4-wheel drive vehicle. This road or trail apparently would lead me almost to the top of the high peak, but it appears to be 8 or 9 miles distant. Routes to this peak had best be checked out at the district ranger station at Philipsburg before starting to it. I returned back to Copper Creek, Middle Fork of Rock Creek & finally to US [illegible] A & drove to Anaconda to pick up a few supplies, mail off some film, & etc. Camped at Spring Hill USFS Campground west of Anaconda on US [illegible] 10A Aug. 27 Anaconda-Pintlar Wilderness, Montana (Storm Lake & vicinity) Drove up the dirt road to Storm Lake into the north end of the Anaconda Range. This road leaves US 10A just east of Silver Lake. In the 1st mile there are many branches to the road (all unsigned). The correct road is usually the center road & most traveled. It is 9 miles to Storm Lake. The last 1½ miles a very rough & many leave their cars below & hike this portion. I left my VW 1 miles from the lake because of extensive muddy areas in the road at that point. I hiked to the lake & then on around the west side & up to Storm Lake Pass (2¼ miles from lake to pass). Initially the trail is in the woods, then it swings upward to the right (west) passing around a high meadow (surrounded by forest on 3 sides) & Little Rainbow

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R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal 103 Aug. 27 Anaconda Buttes Wilderness, Montana - (Stormlake & vicinity) mtn on the other [south] side.) & then switch backs up the east side of Mt. Tiny in an open larch stand. A huge rock slide extends down to the meadow from Little chirps & whistles of marmots were heard suggesting # Rainbow Mtn. Many cones were heard in this slide, a that both yellow-belly & Hoaky Marmots were present in the same habitat. Rock Wren fed on insects in a large snow patch located midway down the mtn. in the rockslide. Clark's Alpine Nutcrackers were common in the larch forest. Storm Lake Pass (9100 ft.) is located between Little Rainbow Mtn (10,000 ft) & Mt. Tiny (9857 ft). Vegetation along the trail below the pass included Valerian, Penstemon virons, White Heather (Cassie), Bistort, white cousewort, speedwell, paintbrush, bush cinquefoil, Alpine larch, White Bark Pine, & Subalpine Fir. The [illegible] larch forest (trees all short - 20ft or less) extends up Tiny Mtn almost directly below the pass. Further north on the mtn a White-barked Pine forest extends up to an equal elevation. Vegetation on Stormlake Pass includes: Red & White Heather (Phylloodes), yellow Eriogonum, Dryas, Bistort, Penstemon virons, White Heathers (Cassie), Engleman Spruce (1-2 ft. tall), Alpine Larch, & White Bark Pine. These latter 3 are all short & limited to either the north or south slopes leading down from the pass or a few short trees standing alone on the barren pass. There were a number of Golden Mantled Ground Squirrels near the pass. Three Rosy Finches flew over going east. Little Rainbow Peak is east of the pass & an easy walk up a meadow, then talus & rock slope. The south

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Aug. 27 Anaconda - Pintlar Wilderness, Montana - (Storm lake & vicinity) side of the peak has pine trees to 9300 ft. in places. The north face is the cliffs & huge rockslides below the cliffs that I noted earlier while approaching Stormlake pass. I hiked from the pass to the summit of Little Rainbow Mtn and noted the following animals: Golden-mantled Ground Squirrel, Chipmunk, Cony, Hoary Marmot, Golden Eagle, Prairie Falcon, Water Pipit and Rosy Finch. Two additional plants were noted: Carpet Pink & Skullweed. Most of the day was spent following a loose flock of Immature Rosy Finch back & forth over the cliffs ledges of the north face of the mtn near the ridgetop connecting the pass & the summit of Little Rainbow mtn. The flock [illegible] perhaps 20 individuals. Occasionally an adult was seen (may have been more than one but never were there two in sight at one time) & it appeared to feed elsewhere & then fly to this flock & sometimes feed an Immature bird, then feed with the flock for awhile & finally disappear. It definitely was not making regular frequent feeding trips from a feeding area to the flock to feed young birds. The flock was sufficiently wary that I had trouble approaching close enough to collect birds. Only one adult was collected, but 8 immatures were collected. One Water Pipit also collected. I returned down the mtn slope to the pass at dusk & arrived at the car in the dark. I drove back

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R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal Aug.27 Anaconda Pintlar Wilderness, Montana - (Storm Lake vicinity) down canyon to US 10A & to Spring Hill Campground for the night. It rained hard that night. Aug.28 Anaconda, Deer Lodge Co, Montana (cont.) Hard rain continues most of the day. At noon I drove from the campground to Anaconda & rented a motel room for the remainder of the day & that night. It had been so dark out in the morning that it was nearly impossible to see to skin birds in camp. Now in the motel, the skinning went fast & all birds were completed that night. Also the 3rd day of the Democratic National Convention was on the TV set & this added considerable interest to bird skinning. The convention was better than any shoot-em-up TV show. Aug.29 Anaconda-Pintlar Wilderness, Montana - (Storm Lake vicinity) Clear beautiful day. I drove back up to Storm lake in the morning (this time driving all the way to the lake) and hiked to storm lake Pass. Enroute this time I followed the lower edge of the large talus slope below Little Rainbow Mtn (cross country) until this route took me back to the trail at the start of the first switchbacks. Plants along the lower talus- meadow border included: Elephant Heads, bistort, paint brush, Mertensia, Blue Gentian, Senecio, Daisy, Parnassia, & Speedwell. Animals included: Cony, Columbian Ground Squirrel, Admiral Butterflies (common), & a Hummingbird. Further up the trail in the larch stand Waterpeight, an

Journal 106 R.E.Johnson 1968 Aug. 29 Anaconda-Pintlar Wilderness, Montana (storm lake & vicinity) Orange Crowned Warbler, several White-crowned Sparrows and a Rufus Hummingbird were seen. On the lower west slope of Little Rainbow Mtn just east of the pass I saw two Water Pipits, groups of 3-10 Rosy Finches, one Audubon Warbler, three Oregon Juno, one Clark Nutcracker and one White-crowned Sparrow. The Rosy Finches all flew west toward Mt. Tiny (9857 ft.) & disappeared. I returned west to the pass & then followed the trail SW around the side of Mt. Tiny to Goat Flat. I heard one Rosy Finch fly overhead [heading east?] but could not see him. Below the trail at the head of Seymour Creek I saw 7 back Mule Deer in a meadow below the talus slides. A Rock Wren was just below the trail on the warm rocky slope. Goat Flat is a large meadowy flat that extends from just south of the summit of Mt. Tiny nearly to Kurt Pk. I turned and hiked north to the summit of Mt. Tiny & then down its east face to Storm Lake Pass but did not encounter any Rosy Finches. I hiked the trail again from the pass to the flats & then headed south along the lip of the flats above the cirque walls surrounding the multiple heads of Seymour Creek. On the flats I saw Columbian Ground Squirrels, a Sparrow Hawk, & Water Pipits. Heather (Cassiope & Phyllodoce) were common, as was Dryas.

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107 R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal Aug. 29. Anaconda-Pintler Wilderness, Montana - Storm Lake & vicinity Toward dark I headed up Kurt Pk. The meadow (Goat Flat) extends up to a low summit north of the peak. Beyond this the route to the peak becomes more difficult as the ridge is ragged with numerous low cliffs. This ridge is all that remains separating a cirque above Upper Seymour Lake & [illegible] another on Page Creek. The cirque on Page Creek (west side of ridge) is steep talus overlying strata which dips at the same angle as the slope. This makes walking trecherous. A group of Rosy Finches were heard down this slope but could not be approached quietly enough to allow collecting because of the small avalanches that start with each footstep. These birds flew toward the top of the peak & I encountered them again there a little later but it was after sunset & again close approach was not possible. A spontaneous rock avalanche started on the slope near the top of the peak & continued for 10 minutes. This was the largest avalanche I'd ever witnessed & would have brought certain death & burial to anyone who was in its path. I returned crosscountry to Goat Flats, the trail, pass & Storm Lake all after dark. Camped at storm lake that night. Added notes: saw a Prairie Falcon over Kurt Pk before dusk. Hoary Marmots were common along the ridge west of Mt. Tiny.

R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal 108 Aug.30 Storm Lake, Deer Lodge Co., to Missoula, Montana Drove down from Storm Lake to US 10A & then west to Philipsburg & the US Forest Service office to obtain some maps & information about the Sapphire Mtms. They told me that a logging road now reaches very near the top of the 8995 ft. peak (highest pk in the range) in the Sapphires. This road approaches from the west side & I should see the rangers in the Bitterroot Valley area for details. This is a much faster approach than from Frogpond Basin. See Aug. 22 & 26 for details I continued to Missoula on US 10A & US 10 to get a final MS thesis copy & etc. Near Georgetown Lake I saw two Belted Kingfishers, & in the lake near the campground between the lake & the road I saw 12 Red-necked Grebes and 1 Pied-billed Grebe. Aug 31 - Sept. 18 - No Rosy Finch Collecting Time spent (1) on MA Thesis red tape (2) Glacier Park Trail Guide (3) Travel back to California including more car troubles.

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109 Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Sept. 19-23 Sagehen Creek Field Station, Nevada Co., California I stopped at Sagehen Creek on my return trip from Montana to collect Rosy Finches. The place was alive with visiting fireman like myself. Luis Baptista, a friend of Luis' named Arthur, Mary Caylen & John Hopkirk were all visiting. Vernon Hawthorne's family, Mike Fitzgerald, Al Cameron, & Jennifer [illegible] Meux were all present and doing research. I spent most of my time helping Jenny with her work trapping Oregon Junco's for banding, etc. The following other species of birds were noted around the station area: Orange-crowned Warbler Mtn. Chickadee Red-breasted Nuthatch Red-tailed Hawk Stellar Jay White-crowned Sparrow} Golden-crowned Sparrow} commonly entered the traps baited with commercial wild bird seed. Brown Creeper Red-shafted Flicker Accipiter (either Cooper or Sharp-shinned Hawk) - top of Great Horned Owl Belted Kingfisher Western Robin Mtn. Blue bird

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Johnson, R.E 1968 - 1969 catalogue #488 - 700 Calif Nev. colo Utah Alaska

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Catalog R.E. Johnson Bodie, Mono Co., California Nor. 22, 1968 - 488 ♂ Rosy Finch tester 1mm no buccal sacs 23.5 - 489 ♂ " " testes 1mm no buccal sacs 24.0 - 490 ? n n 25.5 f - 491 f? n n 24.5 - 492 f? " " 22.0 - 493 f n // - At 24.0 - 494 ? n \ 22.5 - 495 f n ovary 2x1mm 24.5 - 496 f " ovary 3x1mm 22.5 - 497 ♂ // // - Lit. testes 1mm (littoralis) 27.0 - 498 f n ovary 1x1mm 23.5 - 499 f? // // 25.0 - 500 ♂ n testes 1mm 21.0 #500 (Bird was captured alive on Nor. 22 + died in Berkely Nor. 26) (Gizzard Empty) 10 mi. e. & 10 mi. n. of Fernley, 4 200 ft., Churchill Co., Nevada (15 mi. e. of Fernley on Interstate Hwy 80, Churchill Co., Nevada) Jan. 25, 1969 (11 AM ±) - 501 f Rosy Finch - Lit. ovary 2x2mm skull os. 25.0 - 502 ♂ n // - Lit. testes 1x1mm skull os. 27.9 - 503 f " T ovary 4x2mm skull os 24.0 - 504 ♂ x T testes 1x1mm skull os. - - 505 ♂ // T testes 1x1mm skull os 27.0 - 506 ? n T skull os. 23.5 - 507 ♂ // - Lit. testes 1x1mm skull os. 24.0 - 508 ♂ // // - Lit. testes 1x1mm skull os. 27.7

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195 Catalog R.E.Johnson 10 mi.e. & 10 mi.n.of Fernley, 4200 ft., Churchill Co., Nevada Jan. 25, 1969 (114m+) - 509 ♂ Rosy Finch -Lit. testes 1x1mm skull oz. 24.9 - 510 ♂ " " T tester 1x1mm skull oz. 26.9 - 511 ♂ " " - Lit tester 2x1mm skull oz. 25.4 512 ♂ Horned Lark tested 2x1mm 30.5 513 ♀ " " ovary 7x2mm s 24.3 1.2 mi.s. & 0.9 mi.w.of Elk Springs, 6000ft., Moffat Co., Colorado Jan. 26, 1969 (4:30 PM) - 514 ♀ Rosy Finch T ovary 4x2mm mod. fat skull oz. 28.6 - 515 " " T ovary 4x2mm low. fat skull oz. 27.6 - 516 ♂ " " T testes 1x1mm low fat skull oz. 28.0 - 517 ♂ " " T testes 1x1mm low fat skull oz. - 518 ♀ " " T ovary 4x2mm mod. fat skull os 29.5 - 519 ♀ " " - L ovary 4x2mm mod. fat skull oz. 30.2 - 520 ♂ " " T tested 1x1mm mod. fat skulloz 29.7 - 521 ♀ " " -L ovary 3x2mm low fat skull oz. 27.4 - 522 ♀ " " T ovary 4x3mm low fat skull oz 28.7 - 523 ♀ " " T ovary 3x2mm mod. fat skull oz. 28,8 1mi.n. & 0.7 mile.of Jefferson, 9500ft., Park Co., Colorado. (1) Jan. 30, 1969 - 524 ♀ Rosy Finch-Au ovary 2x1mm fat low skull oz. 27.2 - 525 ♀ " " T 3+1mm ovary high fat skulloz. 32.0 - 526 ♂ H " T testes 1.5x1mm heavy fat skull oz. 31.0 - 527 ♀ " " T ovary 3x2mm heavy fat skull oz 33.0 - 528 ♀ " " - Lit ovary 5x2mm heavy. fat skull os. 29.2

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R.E. Johnson Catalog 1 mi. n. & 0.7 mi. e. of Jefferson, 9500ft, Park Co., Colorado Jan. 30, 1969 - 529 ♂ Rosy Finch T testes 1x1mm low fat skull oz. 29.0 - 530 ♀ || || T ovary 3x2mm low fat skull oz. 23.3 - 531 ♀ n || T ovary 6x3mm mod. fat. skull oz. 29.0 - 532 ♀ n || T ovary 5x3mm heavy fat skull oz. 31.0 - 533 ♀? || || T -- heavy fat skull oz 27.8 - 534 ♂ || || C testes 1x1mm low fat skull oz. 28.7 - 535 ♂ n || T testes 1x1mm mod fat skull oz. 29.0 - 536 ♀ n n T ovary 5x3mm heavy fat skull oz 29.3 - 537 ♂ || || T testes 1x1mm low fat skull oz. 27.0 - 538 ♂ n || - Au testes 1x1mm low fat skull oz. 26.0 - 539 ♀ || || T ovary 5x4mm a few breast feathers in molt! low fat skull oz. 27.8 - 540 ♂ n || T testes 1x1mm mod fat skull oz. 27.9 - 541 ♀ || || - Lit ovary 3x1mm low fat skull oz. 28.9 - 542 ♀ || || T ovary 3x1mm mod fat. skull oz. 28.4 - 543 ♀ || || T ovary 6x2mm low fat skull oz. -- - 544 ♂ || || - Lit. testes 1x1mm heavy fat skull oz 32.5 545 ♂ n n testes 1x1mm mod fat skull oz. 32.0 546 ♀ n n ovary 4x2mm mod fat. skull oz 29.0 547 ♂ n n testes 1x1mm mod fat. skull oz. 31.5 548 ♂ n n testes 1x1mm heavy fat skull oz 33.5 1.3 mi. s. & 0.1 mi. w. of Jefferson, 9500ft, Park Co., Colorado Jan. 30, 1969 - 545 ♂ Rosy Finch-Au testes 1x1mm mod fat skull oz. 32.0 - 546 ♀ || || T ovary 4x2mm mod fat. skull oz. 29.0 - 547 ♂ || || - C testes 1x1mm mod fat skull oz 31.5 - 548 ♂ || || T. testes 1x1mm heavy fat skull oz. 33.5

197 Catalog RE. Johnson 1.3 mi. s. & 0.1 mi. w. of Jefferson, 9500ft., Park Co., Colorado (3) Jan. 30, 1969 - 549 ♂ Rosy Finch - T testes 1x1mm heavy skull oz. fat - 550 ♀ " ♀ T ovary 4x1mm heavy skull oz. fat 27.2 - 551 ♀ " " L ovary 5x3mm heavy skull oz. fat 28.4 - 552 ♀ " " T ovary 3x4mm mod. skull oz. fat. 26.0 - 553 ♀ " " L ovary 3x2mm mod skull oz. fat 28.2 - 554 ♂ " " L testes 1x1mm heavy skull oz fat 31.0 - 555 ♂ " " C? testes 1x1mm — skull oz 29.3 - 556 ♂ " " -L testes 1x1mm low skull oz fat 27.2 - 557 ♂ " " Au testes 1x1mm heavy skull oz fat 28.8 - 558 ♀ " " T ovary 2x1mm very heavy skull oz. fat 32.0 - 559 ♀ " " -L ovary 4x2mm very heavy skull oz. fat 32.5 - 560 ♂ " " Au testes 1x1mm mod? skull oz. fat 28.6 - 561 ♀ " " -L ovary 4x2mm mod. skull oz fat 26.7 - 562 ♀ " " T ovary 3x3mm T — skull oz 31.0 - 563 ♂ " " C testes 1x1mm mod. skull oz. fat. 30.4 - 564 ♀ " " -L ovary 4x3mm mod. skull oz. fat 30.1 - 565 ♂ " " T testes 1x1mm heavy skull oz fat 30.7 - 566 ♂ " " -T testes 1x1mm heavy skull oz fat 33.4 - 567 ♀ " " -T ovary 3x2mm mod-heavy skull oz. fat 29.6 - 568 ♀ " " -T ovary 6x2mm heavy skull oz. fat 30.8 - 569 ♂ " " -Au testes 1x1mm heavy skull oz. fat 29.6 - 570 ♂ " " -At testes 1x1mm heavy skull oz. fat 31.5 (2) 0.4 mi. s. & 0.4 mi. w. of Jefferson, 9500ft., Park Co., Colorado. Jan. 30, 1969 - 571 ♂ Rosy Finch L testes low skull oz. fat 30.3 1x1mm

198 (wt. to nearest) (1/2 gram) 3A R.E. Johnson 1969 Catalog 1 mi. s. & 0.8 mi. w. of Jefferson, 9500 ft., Park Co., Colorado 30 January 1969 (4:45 PM) - 572 ♂ Rosy Finch - Au testes 1x1mm 30.0 - 573 ♂ ♪ ♪ -Au testes 1x1m 33.5 - 574 ♀ ♪ ♪ - Au ovary 4 x 2 mm 28.0 - 575 ?(♂) ♪ ♪ - Au 30.0 - 576 ♂ ♪ ♪ -Au testes 1x 1mm skull os. 30.0 - 577 ♀ ♪ ♪ - Au ovary 3 x 1 mm skull os. 28.5- - 578 ♂ ♪ ♪ -Au testes 1x1mm skull os 31.0 - 579 ♀ ♪ ♪ -Au ovary 5 x 3 mm skull os. 31.0 - 580 ♂ ♪ ♪ -Au testes 1x1mm skull oz. 30.0 - 581 ♂ ♪ ♪ -Au testes 1x1mm skull oz. 31.5 - 582 ♂ ♪ ♪ -Au testes 1X 1 mm skull oz. 33.5 - 583 ♂ ♪ ♪ C testes >1 x >1 mm shullos. 31.0 - 584 ♀ ♪ ♪ T ovary 3x3mm skull oz. fat high 30.5 - 585 ♀ ♪ ♪ -Lit. ovary 4x3mm skull oz. fat low 27.8 - 586 ♂ ♪ h T testes 1x1mm skull oz fat mod. 32.5 - 587 ♀ ♪ ♪ -L ovary 4x3mm shell oz fat heavy 31.5 5.5 mi. s. & 1.3 mi. w. of Cowdrey, 8000 ft., Routt Co., Colorado February 1, 1969 (dusk) - 588 ♂ Rosy Finch -Au testes 1x1mm 29.5 - 589 ♂ ♪ ♪ -Au testes 1x1mm 30.0 1.3 mi. n. & 2.6 mi. e. of Jefferson, 9600, Park Co., Colorado February 2, 1969 (9:30-10:00 AM) 590 ♀ Rosy Finch - T ovary 5x2mm low fat shell oz. 26.7 591 ♀ ♪ ♪ -T ovary 4x2mm low fat shell oz 25.9

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Catalog 199 R.E. Johnson 1969 1.3 mi. n.* 2.6 mi. e. of Jefferson, 9600 ft., Park Co., Colorado February 2, 1969 (9:30-10:00 AM) 592 ♀ Rosy Finch - T 4x2 mm ovary low fat skull oz. 27.3 593 ♀ ll ll - T 3x1mm ovary low fat skull oz 26.2 594 ♂ ll ll - T 1x1mm testes low-mod fat skull oz 29.0 595 ♂ ll ll - Au 1.5 x1 mm testes low fat skull oz. 27.8 3.3 mi. s. of Fairplay, 9700 ft., Park Co., Colorado February 2, 1969 596 ♀ Rosy Finch - T ovary low-mod skull 4x2mm fat oz. 29.3 597 ♂ ll ll - Au testes belly shot low-mod skull 1x1mm up. fat? oz 26.0 598 ♂ ll ll - Au testes low-mod skull 1x1mm fat oz 25.8 599 ♂ ll ll - Au testes mod skull 1x1mm fat oz 26.2 600 ♂ ll ll - Au testes low-mod skull 1.5x1.5mm fat oz. 25.7 601 ♂ ll ll -Au testes low-mod skull 1x1mm fat oz 27.6 602 ♂ ll ll ~Au testes mod skull 1x1mm fat oz 26.9 1 mi. s.* 0.8 mi. w. of Jefferson, 9500 ft., Park Co., Colorado February 7, 1969 (7:45-8:45 pm) 603 ♀ Rosy Finch - T ovary heavy crop wt. 5x3mm fat 0.4 skull oz 29.8 604 ♀ ll ll - L ovary heavy skulloz 5x2mm fat 27.3 - 605 ♀ ll ll - L ovary heavy skull oz. 4x3mm fat 29.4 606 ♂ ll ll - T testes heavy crop 1x1mm fat empty skulloz 30.4 607 ♀ ll ll - T ovary heavy crop 4x3mm fat empty skulloz 32.6 608 ♂ ll ll - T testes heavy Crop 1x1mm fat empty skulloz 30.1 609 ♀ ll ll - T ovary heavy skulloz 4x1mm fat 30.9 - 610 ♀ ll ll - L ovary heavy skull oz. 5x3mm fat 28.5 - 611 ♂ ll ll - T testes heavy skulloz 1x1mm fat 30.0

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208 Catalog RE. Johnson 1969 1 mi. s. & 0.8 mi. w. of Jefferson, 9500 ft., Park Co, Colorado February 7, 1969 (7:45 - 8:45 pm) - 612 ♀ Rosy Finch - T ovary 4x3mm mod fat skull oz 28.8 - 613 ♂ || || - T testes 1x1mm heavy fat skull oz 31.7 - 614 ♀ || || - T ovary 5x3mm mod-heavy fat skull oz. 30.7 - 615 ♂ || || - T testes 1x1mm heavy fat skull oz. 30.7 - 616 ♀ || || - T ovary 4x2mm heavy fat skull oz. 32.4 - 617 ♂ || || - T testes 1x1mm fat skull oz 30.2 618 ♀ || || - Au ovary 5x2mm heavy fat skull oz crop empty 30.4 619 ♂ || || - Au testes 1x1mm crop empty mod-heavy fat skull or 26.4 620 ♂ || || - Au testes 1x1mm crop empty mod-heavy fat skull or 27.4 621 ♀ || || - Au ovary 4x2mm crop wt 0.8 heavy fat skull oz 29.7 622 ♀ || || - L ovary 2x1mm crop empty heavy fat skull or 30.2 623 ♀ || || - T ovary 6x3mm crop wt. 0.2 heavy fat skull or 28.4 624 ♀ || || - T ovary 4x2mm crop wt. 0.5 mod-heavy fat skull oz 29.5 625 ♀ || || - T. ovary 3x2mm crop empty fat or 26.3 626 ♀ || || - T ovary 3x2mm crop empty mod fat skull oz 25.4 627 ♂ || || - T testes 1x1mm crop empty heavy fat skull or 34.2 628 ♂ || || - T testes 1x1mm crop empty heavy fat skull oz 26.9 629 ♀ || || - T ovary 4x3mm crop wt. 0.4 mod fat skull or 26.3 testes crop high skull 630 ♂ || || - T testes 1x1mm crop empty fat oz 30.6 631 ♀ || || - T ovary 4x2mm crop empty high fat skull oz 31.8 0.5 mi. n. & 1.0 mi. w. of Fraser, Grand Co, Colorado, 8400 ft. February 8, 1969 - 632 ♂ Rosy Finch - Au testes 1x1.5mm 30.5 633 ~~ Au ~~ 31.4

Catalog 201 R.E. Johnson 1969 0.5 mi. n. & 1.0 mi. w. of Fraser, Grand Co., Colorado, 8400 ft. February 9, 1969 (10:30 AM) - 633 ♂ Rosy Finch - Au Testes heavy 2x2mm fat skull oz. 31.4 - 634 ♂ " " - T Testes heavy 15x1.5mm fat skull oz. 30.9 ovary 635 ♀ Mt n. Chickadee 4x1.5mm 11.8 0.7 mi. n. & 1.3 mi. e. of Kremmling, 7600 ft., Grand Co., Colorado February 9, 1969 (3:30 PM) 636 ♂ Rosy Finch - T testes crop wt. 1x1mm 2.0 skull oz. 30.9 637 ♀ " " - T ovary crop wt. 3x2mm 2.0 skull oz 29.3 638 ♀ " " - T ovary crop wt. 5x2mm 1.0 heavy skull fat oz 31.0 639 ♀ " " - T ovary crop wt 6x2mm 1.7 skull oz 29.8 640- ♀ " " - T ovary crop 2x1mm empty skull fat oz 25.0 641 ♂ " " - T testes crop wt 1x1mm 1.7 fat skull oz 29.1 642 ♀ " " - T ovary crop wt 4x2mm 2.1 mod skull fat oz 28.6 643 ♂ " " - T testes crop wt 1x1mm 0.9 high skull fat oz 31.8 644 ♀ " " - T ovary crop wt. 4x2mm 0.6 high skull fat oz 30.7 645 " " - C ovary crop 4x2mm empty high skull fat oz 28.0 crop wt. mod-high 646 ♂ " " - L 1x1mm testes 1.4 fat skull oz 31.8 647 ♀ " " - L ovary crop wt. 3x2mm 2.3 heavy skull fat oz 30.2 testes crop wt. mod-heavy skull 648 ♂ n n - Au (1x1mm 2.2 fat oz 29.5 2.4 mi. w. & 1.8 mi.n. of Granby, 8000 ft., Grand Co., Colorado Feb. 9, 1969 (12:45 PM) 649 ♀ Black-capped Chickadee ovary skull 2x1mm oz 10.9

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R.E. Johnson 1969 202 Catalog 28 mi. n. & 17 mi. w. of Duchesne, 6800 ft., Duchesne Co., Utah Feb. 10, 1969 ovary 650 ♀ Piñon Jay 7x5 mm 76.2 12 mi. w. and 3 mi. s. of Wells, 5400 ft., Elko Co., Nevada Feb. 11, 1969 (10:30 AM) - 651 ♀ Rosy Finch-T ovary 15x2 mm 25.5 s. slope of Peavine Mtn, 1.7 mi. n. & 4.0 mi. w. of Reno, 5600 ft., Washoe Co., Nevada Feb. 11, 1969 ovary low - 652 ♀ Rosy Finch -L 7x3mm fat skull oz. 26.2 - 653 ♀ n n -L ovary mod 4x3mm fat skull oz. 27.4 - 654 ♂ n n -L testis mod 1x1mm fat skull oz. 27.4 - 655 ♀ n n -T ovary low 4x3mm fat skull oz. 27.7 Feb. 16, 1969 testes fat drop wt. 656 ♂ Rosy Finch -L 1x1 mm ? 0.4 skull oz 27.8 - 657 ♀ n n -L ovary mod 4x2 mm fat skull oz. 27.9 658 ♀ n n -L ovary mod 4x2 mm fat crop empty skull oz 25.4 659 ♂ n n -L testis heavy 1x1mm fat 0.9 skull oz 30.1 - 660 ♂ n n -L tester mod 1x1mm fat. skull oz. 27.1 - 661 ♀ n n -L ovary low 4x1 mm fat skull oz 26.7 - 662 ♀ n n ?(no head) ovary mod 5x2mm fat skull oz. 27.0+ 663 ♀ n n -T ovary high crop 2x3mm fat wt. 0.5 skull oz 24.9 - 664 ♂ n n -T testes mod 1x1mm fat skull or 26.3 665 ♂ n n -T tester low crop wt. 1x1mm fat 0.5 skull oz 26.7 - 666 ♀ n n -T ovary lowio 7x2mm fat skull oz 27.1

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Catalog R.E. Johnson 1969 203 s. slope of Peavine Mt., 17 mi. n.-t 40 mi. w. of Reno, 5'600 ft, Washoe Co. Nevada weights at death caught alive Feb. 16, 1969; died in Berkeley Feb. 17, 1969 - 667 ♂ Rosy Finch - L tester low skull oz 22.3 1x1mm fat (moll along back) - 668 ? " " -L low skull oz 18.5 fat - 669 ♀ " " -T ovary low skull oz. 22.6 3x2mm fat - 670 ♀ " " -T ovary low skull oz 24.5 4x3mm fat caught alive Feb. 16, 1969; died in Berkeley Feb. 19, 1969 ovary - 671 ♀ Rosy Finch -L 5X2mm low skull oz 19.2 fat testes - 672 ♂ " " -L 1x1 mm low skull oz. 18.8 fat ovary - 673 ♀ " " -L 5X1mm low skull oz 19.9 fat caught alive Feb. 16; died in Berkeley Feb. 24, 1969 testes - 674 ♂ Rosy Finch -T 1X1mm low skull oz. 17.6 fat caught alive Feb. 16, 1969; died in Berkeley Feb. 26, 1969 testes - 675 ♂ Rosy Finch - T 1x1mm low skull oz 16.5 fat Bodie, Mono Co., California accidental death, not starvation. captured Nor. 22, 1968; died in Berkeley Feb. 23, 1969 ovary - 676 ♀ Rosy Finch - T heavy skull oz 24.9 4X2mm fat Cold Bay, Alaska dead on arrival at SF. captured Feb. 7, 1969; died Feb. 10, 1969 testes low (very 65x1mm fat (thinner) skull oz. 28.8 starved) captured Feb. 7, 1969; died Feb. 11, 1969 in Berkeley ovary - 678 ♀ Rosy Finch -g. 7X3mm low skull oz. 34.3 fat testes - 679. ♂ " " -g 2x1.5mm low skull oz. 39.0 fat

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R.E Johnson 1969 204 Catalog Nederland, Boulder Co., Colorado 8200ft. Captured March 27, 1969; Died in Berkeley May 9, 1969 testes high 4x3mm fat skull oz. - 680 ♂ Rosy Finch -L (banded BRT, YR LT)(used for karyotyping -- slides L5) 33.9 testes high 6x4mm fat skull oz. - 681 ♂ Rosy Finch - L (not banded) (used for karyotyping ~slides L4) 38.3 ovary high 5x3mm fat skull oz. - 682 ♀ Rosy Finch - T (banded YRT, RLT)(used in karyotyping -- slides T4) 34.9 ovary largest ovum high 3x3mm 1mm fat skull oz - 683 ♀ Rosy Finch - T (banded YRT, WLT)(used in karyotyping - slides T5) 34.4 Nederland, Boulder Co., Colorado 8200 ft. captured March 24, 1969; Died in Berkeley May 7, 1969 testes. high 6x3mm fat skull oz. - 684 ♂ Rosy Finch -T (banded GR, YRLT)(used in karyotyping - slides T-2) 33.5 ovary largest high 3X5mm imm fat skull oz - 685 ♀ Rosy Finch - L (not banded) (used in karyotyping -- slides L-2) 35.7 testes high 6x4mm fat skull os. - 686 ♂ Rosy Finch -L (WRT.) (used in karyotyping ~slides L-3) 40.6 testes high 4x3mm fat skull oz. - 687 ♀ Rosy Finch - T (not banded) (used in karyotyping -- slides T-3) 33.5 grams Nederland, Boulder Co., Colorado 8200 ft. captured March 24, 1969; Died in Berkeley April 30, 1969 testes high skull 2.5X2mm fat oz. - 688 ♂ Rosy Finch - T (not banded) (used in karyotyping -- slide T1) no wt. testes 2x2mm - 689 ♂ Rosy Finch - L (not banded)(used in karyotyping ~ slides L1) no wt.

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205 Catalog R.E. Johnson 1969 Nederland, 8200 ft, Boulder Co., Colorado Captured March 24, 1969; Died in Berkeley May 9, 1969 ovary no 7x4mm follicles - 690 ♀ Rosy Finch -Au skull oz. 26.5 (banded G-RT, YLT) (died of unknown cause. Was in Rm. T5) Rosy Finch Bodie, Mono Co., Calif. Captured Nov. 22, 1968; Died in Berkeley May 9, 1969 testes - 691 ♂ Rosy Finch-D skull oz. 24.5 1.5x1mm (banded G-LT) (died of unknown cause about May 9, in Rm 83) Emigrant Peak, 2 mi. W. of Squaw Valley, 8100 ft, Placer Co., California April 12, 1969 testes low - 692 ♂ Rosy Finch -D skull oz. 24.5 2x2mm fat ovary no follicles low - 693 ♀ " " - D skull oz. no wt. 6x3mm fat Nederland, 8200 ft., Boulder Co., Colorado Caught March 24, 1969; Died in Berkeley May 16, 1969 ovary largest high - 694 ♀ Rosy Finch -T skull oz. 31.2 9x6mm ovum 1.5mm fat (banded R-RT, WW-LT) (used for karyotypes - T-G) testes high - 695 ♂ Rosy Finch -L skull oz. 36.7 6x4.5mm fat (banded YLT) (used for karyotypes L-6) Cold Bay, Alaskan Peninsula, Alaska captured Feb. 7, 1969; died April 28, 1969 in Berkeley testes low - 696 ♂ Rosy Finch - G skull oz 39.5 9x7mm fat (banded RT RT)

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206 Catalogue R.E. Johnson 1969 Cold Bay, Alaska - captured Feb. 7, 1969; died April 27, 1969 in Berkeley. 697 ♂ Rosy Finch - G testes 7 x 6 mm fat low skull oz 34.0 (RW RT) South Park, Colorado (1 mi. no. & 0.7 mi. e. of Jefferson, 9500 ft., Park Co.) captured March 21, 1969; died in Berkeley April 27, 1969 ovary largest follicle high fat - 698 ♀ Rosy Finch - T 6 x 4 mm 0.2 mm skull oz 28.0 (banded YRT, RRLT) Cold Bay, Alaska captured Feb. 7, 1969; died March 14, 1969 in Berkeley ovary no follicles low fat skull oz 44.0 - 699 ♀ Rosy Finch - G 4 x 2 mm (banded YRT, YLT) Slope of Perrine Mtn, 1.7 mi. n. & 4.0 mi. w. of Reno, 5600 ft., Washoe Co., Nevada. captured Feb. 16, 1969; died in Berkeley March 14, 1969 ovary no low-med oz. - 700 ♀ Rosy Finch - L 4 x 2 mm follicles fat skull 27.1 (banded WYLT.)

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209 Crop WT. Data 634 Crop 01.6 Body 30.9 Fat heavy Time 10:30AM race T 633 00.9 31.4 heavy 10:20AM Au 611 empty 30.0 heavy 8PM ? T 00.1 617 00.1 30.2 heavy " T 613 00.1 31.7 heavy t T 614 00.1 30.7 heavy h T 612 00.1 28.8 mod " T 610 00.1 28.5 heavy " L 615 00.1 30.7 heavy " T 616 06.1 32.4 heavy " T 652 00.1 26.2 low L Peavine 653 00.1 27.4 mod L Feb. 11 654 00.2 27.4 mod L 655 00.4 27.7 low T 605 00.1 29.4 heavy 8PM L 660 00.7 27.1 mod L Peavine 664 00.4 26.3 mod T Feb. 16 657 00.1 27.9 mod L 661 00.7 26.7 low L 590 00.7 26.7 low 9:30-10AM T South Park 591 00.3 25.9 low " T Feb. 2, 69 592 00.5 27.3 low " T 593 .05 26.2 low-mod " T 594 00.4 29.0 low-mod " T 595 .04 27.8 low " Au 596 .08 29.3 low-mod T South Park 597 .08 26.0 low-mod ? Au Feb. 2, 69 598 .0.1 25.8 low-mod Au

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208 Crop WT Data Crop Body Fat Time Collected race Date & Location 599 00.8 26.2 mod Au South park 600 00.4 25.7 low-med Au Feb 2, 601 01.1 27.6 low-med Au 69 602 00.3 26.9 mod Au

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Johnson, R.E 1968 - 1969 Journal calif Nev. Utah Colo.

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Journal 113 R.E. Johnson 1968 Oct. 31 Berkeley, Calif. To Sagehen Creek Field Station, Calif. Jenny Meux and I drove her new VW square-back Sagehen Creek via Donner Pass. Left Berkeley after 7 PM. Visited with Mike Fitzgerald & then to bed. Nov. 1 Sagehen Creek to Beaver Mtn, Nevada + Return A lazy morning. Jenny will work on Oregon Junco while I take her car and explore mine shafts & mountain tops for Rosy Finches. I arrived at the "big shaft" of Dr. N.K. Johnson (see notes of March 10, 1968) on the south side of Beaver Mtn at 2:50 PM (Pacific Standard Time). The roads were dry and I had no trouble driving all the way to the shaft. I parked about 50ft beyond the shaft and then explored the immediate area. Everything appears as it did in March except that the ground is now dry. I could not see any birds in the shaft & rocks thrown into it did not arouse any. Two motorcyclists road up the ridge (with barbed wire fence) to the east but otherwise everything was quiet in the area. No birds of any species were seen. There is no snow in sight except a trace of fresh snow near the top (north side) of the mtns south of Beaver (so. of Interstate 80). By 4pm no Rosy Finch had been seen, so I explored nearby mine shafts & dumps. By 4:30 PM there were still no Rosy Finches in the shaft. The sun was very low & had set behind dense clouds low on the western horizon.

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Nov.1 Sagehen Cr., Calif.: to Peavine Mtn, Nevada & Return (cont) It is perhaps too early to expect Rosy Finches to be roosting in mines. There is little snow yet, though the temperatures are already quite low. There was a light mantle of fresh snow (one or two inches) near Boreal Ridge along the highway. Temperatures at Sagehen are listed below: Max. Min Rain Oct.16 53 22 17 67 23 18 59 14 19 65 19 20 58 34 21 65 20 22 67 23 23 65 24 24 73 24 25 72 24 26 67 25 27 74 23 28 70 25 29 57 40 0.01 30 44 22 31 47 17 Nov.1 49 18 Z 44 43 0.46 Near dusk I explored a road I had not driven on in the past. It turns off the dirt

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115 Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Nov. 1 Sagesen Cr. to Peavine Mtn, Nevada & Return (cont.) road that I had followed past the dome shaped reservoir to the "big shaft". The turn off is to the north down through the basin immediately behind an earth fill dam on Peavine creek. The road climbs up the other side of the basin & climbs the mtn via switchbacks to a point where [illegible] I could see the several vertical shafts that John Spencer & I had hiked to on March 10, 1968 (see notes). This is probably an easier route to these shafts than we had followed. Several other mining dumps & etc could be seen down canyon from these shafts. Mileages From Truckee to : Sagehen Creek Field Station 12 Reno 35 Squaw Valley Tahoe City 14 Sonora Pass Rd. Jct. 131 Bridgeport 148 Bodie Leevining 173 Big Pine 254 Nov. 2 Sagesen Cr., Calif. to Peavine Mtn & Return A steady rain fell all morning & the ground turned somewhat mushy around Sagehen Cr.

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Nov 2 Soghen Cr., Calif. to Peavine Mtn, Nevada & Return (cont.) Field Station. Clouds were low on the mtns. making a hike up into the high country (Mt. Rose or Squaw Pk) unreasonable. with Jenny Drove to Reno on Interstate 80, then north on US 395 to the road to the top of Peavine Mtn. Arrived at the top at 2:30 PM. Sat in the car 40 ft from the large vertical mine shaft that I had seen Rosy Finches at on March 11, 1968. The rain continued & the sky was often very dark. Wind from the west. No snow on the ground. While we were waiting we listened to the Stanford-Oregon State football game (ended 29 to 7 in favor of underdog Oregon State). Meanwhile two other unexpected scores were developing: Cal 7 to Wash. 7 & USC 21 to Oregon 14. The latter was 14-14 until the final minute. Cal nearly pulled its game out but fumbled with seconds left & on the goal line. Both Cal & USC were favored. The broadcast ended & still no birds at 4:30 PM. Surely the birds would be in by this time. Dr. Johnson had reported that birds return at 3:30 PM approx. I had seen them at 2:30 pm last year. We were about to drive off before darkness set in when I saw a bird flit by in the rear view mirror. Shortly two birds Rosy Finches appeared near the shaft. That had approached from behind the car (west or perhaps nw,jorsw). I were now examining things as if uneasy

Journal 117 R.E. Johnson 1968 Nor. 2 Saguhen Cr., Calif. to Peavine Mtn, Nevada & Return (cont.) because of our presence. The approach was timed with a noticeable darkening of the sky due to very dense black clouds plus the low sun. Finally the birds entered the shaft at 4:35PM. No additional birds arrived. At 4:45 or 4:50PM we approached the shaft with flashlights. Both birds flew out almost immediately after we turned our lights down the shaft. I cannot be sure that they weren't aroused by our approach rather than by the flashlights but it appeared as though they took flight after we reached the shaft & that they were only perched 30 ft or so, down. One flew out fairly rapidly & easily, the other fluttered upward in a more labored manner & took much longer. It lit near the opening & I'm 90% certain it was [illegible] a bird of the Cascade Race (L.T. littoralis). Gray appeared to cover the whole side of the head or perhaps only a fraction short of this. We walked back to the car & shortly the birds reentered the shaft. At 5:05PM it was nearly too dark to see so we started the car to leave. Again the birds flew from the shaft, but shortly reentered. While we had been parked near the shaft jeeps & pickups with hunters passed us at least a dozen times & one stopped to talk. There was

Journal 118 R.E. Johnson 1965 Nor. 2 Sogchen Cr., Calif. to Beaver Mtn, Nevada & Return (cont.) a sign & gate on the road leading to Beaver Mtn which said the gate was only open for the hunting season as a courtesy of Landa Bros. The sign was placed by the Nevada Fish & Game Commission. The gate is located about miles from the shaft. [Ps. Saw a White-headed Woodpecker at noon at Sogchen] Nor. 3 Sogchen Cr., Calif. to Beaver Mtn, Nevada & Return (cont.) Woke up to see a half inch layer of fresh snow on the ground. Shortly the rain began to fall & by noon all signs of the snow were gone. Last night Jenny sewed 2 of my mist nets together so that I could corn the shaft on Beaver Mtn this afternoon. The plan is to capture, identify, & band the birds & then release them. On subsequent occasions & can see if the same individuals return to this shaft. As the season progresses it will be interesting to see if more birds show up & how this correlates with weather, particularly snow conditions & low temps. At 11:30AM I walked out in the rain under the pine trees east of Sogchen Cr. Field Station & gave an imitation of a Pygmy Owl. Shortly I was surrounded by Mtn Chickadees & Red-breasted Nuthatches. The only other birds seen this morning were one Hairy Woodpecker and a Flock of 30 Oregon Junco.

Journal 119 R. E. Johnson 1968 Nov. 3 Sagehen Cr., Calif. To Peavine Mtn, Nevada & Return (cont.) Jenny & I left sagehen just after 1PM & drove through Reno to the top of Peavine Mtn, arriving at 2:30PM. It took about one hour to place the double mist net over the vertical shaft, attach 8 guy lines & then lower it about 10 feet into the shaft. Lowering the net got it out of the wind, put it more in the shadows & thus less conspicuous, and made the net fit the entrance more closely since the shaft narrowed rapidly. The ground had 4-6 inches of snow, the sky was threatening, and a strong cold wind was blowing from the west. This made our efforts more difficult and slowed the operation. Just 3:40PM Before we finished, 12 to 16 rosy finches flew toward the shaft from the NW. They were flying close to the ground and not high above the ground as others have report. We had hoped to be gone from the immediate vicinity of the shaft before the birds arrived but our presence probably lessened our chances of catching the birds. They flew from place to place around the hole as we departed. Subsequently the majority of them dropped down, out of our sight within the hole & remained, only to emerge again and later repeat the same sequence. At one point when most of the birds were known to be in the hole I had remained for some time, we approached to see if any birds had

R.E. Johnson 1968 Nov. 3 Sageshen Cr., Calif. to Peavine Mtn., Nevada, + Return (cont.) been caught in the net as yet. As soon as we reached the edge of the hole all the birds flew out. They were all perched on the sides of the shaft above the net. None were caught & none flew up from below the net. The birds returned to the hole after we again left but they did not go below the net. We saw the flock flying 100 yds west of the hole several times as it flew from place to place around the shaft, landing here & there to feed & then returning near the shaft. Finally at perhaps 5 PM we saw the flock leave the area flying west. It was not seen again. At 5:45 PM (now dark) we removed the net & drove away. All the birds seen closely were of the tephrocotis head pattern (not littoralis) & none were dark like L.t. atrata. These birds could have been L.t. lawsoni, wallowa, or tephrocotis. We explored a mine dump downhill to the NW & found that the shaft there had was caved in & completely closed to entry. No birds could roost there. Nov. 4. Sageshen Cr. to Berkeley, Calif. — Reno We drove to Reno to get the VW lubed, etc. for its 600 mile check & then we returned to Berkeley. While waiting for the car in Reno we walked

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Journal 121 R.E. Johnson 1968 No. 4 Sagem Cr. to Berkeley, Califi. (cont) - Reno To Virginia Lake Park where we saw large numbers of ducks & geese. Most common species were Canada Geese, Mallard Ducks, & Coots (100, 100, & 50 respectively). There were also several White-Fronted Geese, about 15 Ruddy Ducks, and one Pied-billed Grebe. There were also several hybrid duck & goose forms. Other species included: Ring-billed Gull English Sparrow Red-breasted Sapsuckers Audubon Warblers Brewers Blackbird

122 Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Nov. 20 Berkeley, California to Murphy Spring, Mono Co., Calif. Marvin Vicker drove up from Palo Alto this morning. We loaded his Jaguar with equipment & left Berkeley at 9:50AM via Inter- state 80 over Donner Pass to Reno & then US 395 through Bridgeport to the Bodie Tunnel. Murphy Spring is about 3 miles short of Bodie along this road. There was very little snow (trace) near Donner Pass. We stopped at the Nevada Historical Society in Carson City to see if they knew where "Washoe Spur" was located. This was a term used by Ridgway in 1875 to describe the location where a rosy finch was taken by a Mr. Gruber. They hadn't heard the term Washoe Spur before, but they did locate an old map with the Washoe Mtns on it. These are a southern extension of the Carson Range. We were introduced to Fred Funk, the Biological Preparator of the Nevada State Museum (Carson City, Nevada 89701) and he showed us the museum's study collection. They have two specimens of littoralis: (1) NSM 351 March 3, 1964 no sex Eagle Valley, Ormsby Co., Nevada coll. by P.J. Herlan prep. by F.H. Holley (2) NSM 647 Dec. 4, 1964 ♂? about 4 mi. W. of Wellington in Douglas Co., Nevada on New Hy. 3. Birds feeding alongside road in flock of 75-100. Cold stormy weather in Sierra Nevada canyon area, sagebrush. coll. B.O. Smith

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 123 Nov. 20 Berkeley, Calif. to Murphy Spring, Mono Co., Calif. (ont.) It was getting toward dusk as we drove on south towards Bridgeport where we later picked up supplies at about 6 PM. After supper we drove on south to the Bodie Turnoff & then up the road toward Bodie. We stopped First at "Mormon Ranch" which consists of one old abandoned bldg. We went inside & found a Red-shafted Flicker roosting on a rafter next to one wall. It awoke & flew out the door over our heads. At our camp at Murphy Spring the temperature was 24°F at 9 PM. The sky was clear. No wind. Nov. 21 Bodie, Mono Co., California Up at 7 AM, temp. 21°F & frost on everything. Sky still clear. Drove to Bodie and met the new man in charge of the state park, Steve Penner. He said I would need a permit to collect rosy finches whether via mist net or gun. He was quite friendly & helpful. He gave the following address to write for a permit: Dept. of Parks and Recreation P.O. Box 2390 Sacramento, California Manr & I walked up Green Street to the top of a ridge where the road divides several times near 2 small lakes. We first hiked south over Silver Hill examining mine dumps for associated vertical shafts which might be use by roosting rosy finches. Three possible shaft sights were located (see sketch map). The lst 2 were encircled by wire fences. The last (#3) (southernmost) is surrounded by a large building & the

124 Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Nov. 21 Bodie, Mono Co., Calif (cont.) building itself could furnish many roost sights. to Bridgport via Aurora Canyon Geiger Grade to Hawthorne, Nevada via Bodie Canyon Bodie 5x Green St. x4 Lent Shaft 1x to Bridgeport via Murphy Spring Silva Hill x2 x3 to Cottonwood Canyon + Mono Lake Near this mine (#3) I got a fleeting look at a Raven (or crow?). We returned north to the road jet & then walked east on another road to a large vertical shaft surrounded by large concrete foundations, etc. The shaft is partially blocked by one enormous rock & concrete structure which fell into the hole. This is the Lent shaft that I visited March 21 with Bill Stickreide. He had seen birds in the shaft. None were present now. We returned west & then north to the other shaft that I had visited on March 21 & was known to contain Rosy Finches. We returned to the car and drove up Geiger Grade to the road summit & beyond until we could look down to the west or nw & see The edge of Bridgport Reservoir,

R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal 125 Nov.21 Bodie, Mono Co., Calij (cont.) In route we saw a small flock of sparrow sized birds flying low over the sagebrush, one Rough-legged Hawk & one Black-billed Magpie. Earlier we had seen another Buteo (not Rough-leg) that resembled a Swainson Hawk. We returned to Bodie at 1:30 pm & ate lunch. A Horned Lark flew over [n.e]. After lunch we hiked back up Green St. (east) to the vertical mine shafts to see when & if rosy finches would return to them. I went to shaft 5 & Marr. to shaft 4, both arriving by 2 PM. Rosy Finches appeared at both shafts at 2:30 pm arriving from the south or southwest (not from the west over Bodie). At shaft 5 about 40 birds arrived at 2:30 pm & circled over my head (I was located 40 yds to the n.e). Some flew up & out of sight to the north. Others land 20 yds west of me on a shaded 30 ft. east facing cliff. Others landed within 10-15 yds. of the shaft. Birds circled & landed often but I saw none enter the shaft. After 10 minutes all the activity ceased & about 10 birds were perched on the nearly cliff face. No other birds were in sight. None of these birds were the Cascade race (L.T. littoralis) or L.atrata. I could not distinguish them further, ie they could be dawsoni or tephrocotis. At 3:00 PM one bird flew from the shaft & another hopped along its lip. I hadn't seen any birds enter or approach the shaft but there were lapses in my observation of the mine entrance. The birds on the cliff remained there preening, feeding & hopping about or just huddling in a niche. There were several brief

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126 R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal Nov. 21 Bodie, Mono Co., Calif. (cont.) aggressive interactions. By 3:50 PM they had worked there way down the cliff almost out of my vision. Four flew to the shaft & entered quietly. I could not locate the others, perhaps they had entered just previously. At 3:55 pm a Horned Lark flew se overhead. No additional rosy finches were seen at the shaft by 4:10 PM. The only groups to arrive had been the 2:00 group so far as I could tell. Their arrival had been announced by considerable chirping. There were occasional bursts of chirping thereafter but it was mostly quiet. A chipmunk & 2 Pikas were seen in the rocks/lides and a Sparrow Hawk had sat near the finches for 5 minutes shortly after the finches arrived. At shaft 4 Marr recorded the following notes: 2:30 PM - 3 birds disappear over tailings hill directly back of me [north]. Light, high chirp, scalloped flight. 2:35 PM - about 70 to 80 birds, half went into hole, rest disappeared over tailing. In 3 minutes flock came out. Most went over tailings but 10 or so stayed in and around hole. More arrive, 5 to 8 more at 2:37 PM, go in hole. Very nervous. They pop in and out frequently. 2:40 PM About descended rapidly into hole from about 10 ft. of ground - not cautious. Look like a new group, as old group of 20 or so had just left. Another flock arrives from in front (toward Sierras) [sw], fights on down valley and appears to stop.

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Nor. 21 Bodie, Mono Co., California (cont.) Flock appears behind me, circling over tailings. Each flock [i.e. the last two] 20-25 birds. Occasional single birds appear and go into hole. Flock activity apparently stopped by 2:45 pm. 2:50 PM - 3 birds go in hole, first land on edge, then go down shaft. These came from down the valley [east or e.s.e] rather than from toward the Sierra. 3:00 PM - 3 birds fly overhead, over tailings, without stopping at shaft. 2:05 PM - 2 birds leave hole, fly over tailings. Once our observations at shafts 4 & 5 were over at about 4:05 pm, we explored to the north for additional vertical shafts. Marr found a large one a short ways above the road, i.e. no. of #4. From hole #4 it appeared some birds may have entered this one. I located one with a vertical entrance & a second vertical hole that turned to meet the 1st in 10 ft. Rocks thrown down this shaft brought numerous birds up the shaft. It is clear that there are at least 30 birds in it. All that I could see clearly had the gray cap limited to the top of the head & were chestnut, not black (i.e. they were tephrocotis or dawsoni). This shaft is just to[illegible] the east of a prominent hill top. Marr went over the hill & located one large & 2 small shafts on the new side & part way down which contained Rosy Finches (determined by throwing rocks in the

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128 R.E. Johnson 1968 Journal Nor. 21 Bodie, Mono Co., Calif. (cont) shafts. I explored a bldg containing large wooden tanks which stands just so. of the hill top. One or two birds were roosting inside but I couldn't be sure they were Rosy finches (now dusk outside & black inside). We returned to the car & drove to Bodie campground, north of Bodie where there are piped water, pit toilets, & tables. Temp at 7:45 PM = 27°F. Sky clear, but hints of clouds to northwest. At 8:15PM or so the sky was totally overcast. Through the night thin clouds passed over off & on, alternating with star filled sky. Nor. 22 Bodie, Mono Co., Calif. 5:15 AM alarm goes off; Temp. 22°F. We stay in sacks, owl flies over. 5:30 AM Finally we brave the cold. Dark out, but hint of light in east. 6:05 AM Hiked up Green St. & heard Rosy Finch flock near top of hill. It appeared to be moving south. Several other small groups heard. 6:20 AM I reached hole #5. No birds heard. At 6:30 & threw rocks in hole, no response. At 6:35 I rushed up hill to the other hole, arriving at 6:40AM. At 6:45 AM the sun came up over the horizon. It wouldn't be up yet at # 4 where Marr is located. 7:00AM One Rosy Finch heard deep within shaft. Chirping was heard for 30 seconds before the bird [illegible]

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R.E. Johnson 1268 Journal No. 22 Bodie, Mono Co., Calif. appeared 10 ft. below the lip of the shaft. It then flew out in one flight & off to the se, chirping all the while. These chirps (all birds this morning & the majority yesterday) are high pitched & not at all hoarse like the more familiar chirps so often heard in the summer. At shaft #4 Marr saw a flock of 25+ birds around the edge of the hole as he arrived at 6:15 AM. He approached to within 100 ft & sat down. 6:20 - Another flock of 20 flew out of hole & left. Birds left immediately & left down canyon (se). 6:20-6:30 about 4 bunches of 6-10 birds each which also left immediately & most went down canyon (rather than south toward Cottonwood Canyon). 6:30-6:40 AM Another dozen or so birds leave, one at a time. 6:45 - Threw rocks down hole, no response. Left hole. a few birds had flown over hole (high) from north but no large flocks. In conclusion, we didn't reach the shafts in time to catch the complete exodus of Rosy Finches. The birds probably left shafts 4 & 5 around 6 AM which is 45 min to 1 hour before sunrise for these shafts, yet it is also light enough to navigate walking the hills. The last half hour before sunrise was very bright out (like nearly full daylight).

R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal 130 Nov.22 Bodie, Mono Co., Calif. Following this early morning activity Marv showed me the location of the 3 mine shafts, which contained birds when he saw at dusk yesterday (over hill & north of #5). Back at Bodie we talked to Bill Stelzreide (Ranger) & he told us the State Park authority ends half way up Green Street toward the hill top meaning that the mines we've been examining are not in the park and we cannot be stopped from collecting there. The land is privately owned & he gave us the name of the owner to contact for permission to use the area for collecting: George J. Stathis, Geologist American Smelting & Refining Co. 320 Broadway Blvd Suite 4 Reno, Nevada or PO Box 7637 Reno, Nevada 89502 phone 702-786-1919 Based upon this information we decided to try to capture birds at the shafts which we had been watching since they all were east of the park. This time we drove north, then east down Bodie Canyon & parked near Gray Mill and then hiked west up a dirt road for a little over a mile to shaft #4. This route had the advantage of not passing through state park property.

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Nov. 22. Bodie Mono Co., Calif. and therefore not encouraging other visitors to the park to trespass. We set up a mist net over shaft #5 and the double width net over the larger shaft uphill from 5. While setting up the latter, 2 rosy finches arrived (1:30pm) & one of these dove into the shaft even though Marr & I stood at the edge of the hole (one on either side) holding the net. The bird was immediately caught in the net. We finished near 2:30 pm setting up the net & left, prior to the return of any additional birds. Mist nets over both holes had been lowered so that they were out of sight in the shadows of the shafts. While rosy finches were returning to the above holes, we collected birds at 2 other shafts (#4 & the hole to the north) using shotguns. We each collected 6 birds, including one littoralis & one atrata. Many other birds appeared at the shafts but they would rarely land where they could be retrieved after shooting. The birds usually dove into the shafts without hesitation or caution. They did this even when I stood at the edge of the hole. Rocks thrown into the hole would usually cause a few birds to fly out, often landing on the wall of the shaft just below the top. In such a location they could investigate the disturbance & [illegible] also remain out of the wind. We continued to note the high musical notes made by the rosy finch which contrast with the harsher chirps so frequent in summer.

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 132 Nov. 22 Bodie, Mono Co., California at dusk we returned to our mist nets, the smaller hole (#5) contained 7 or 8 birds. Several escaped as we brought in the net but we still had 5 birds. At the upper hole the net contained even more birds, 1 or 2 escaped leaving [illegible] 7 birds. So our netting brought in 12 birds total. We carried the birds (still in the nets) to the car & extracted them from the nets by flashlight while in the car. Camped at Murphy Spring. During the day we had seen a Rock Wren & two MTN. Bluebirds and Marr had seen several Sage Grouse. Nov. 23. Murphy Spring, Leevington & Bodie, Mono Co.; Aurora, Mineral Co., California to Sogolen Creek Field Station, California Murphy Spring: 4:30 to 5:00 AM 21°F 6:30 AM 13° F ; light About 4 Sage Grouse flew over going NW. Two Mule Deer crossed the road below the spring. We drove to Leevington to get gas & other supplies & then we drove north on US 395 to the jct with roads to Lundy Lake (west) and Bodie (east). First we drove to Lundy Lake & took a few pictures (Lake, Red-tailed Hawk) & then drove east to Bodie via Cottonwood Canyon and then continued down Bodie canyon into Nevada. We visited Aurora, another ghost town but in much worse repair than Bodie. While Marr worked on the car &

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R.E.Johnson 1968 Nor. 23 Journal Murphy Spring, et al to Sagen Creek Field Station (cont.) explored mine shafts. Those near the canyon bottom were usually horizontal but those near hill tops or on side hills were usually vertical. Above the largest mine dump there was a shaft resembling # 4 in Bodie. I stayed in the vicinity of this shaft from 2:30 to 3:00 pm and no rosy finches appeared, suggesting that rosy finches are not using these shafts, at least not this early in the winter. Several Red-tailed Hawks were seen, both light & dark phased birds. We returned north on US 95 via Hawthorne, Yerington, Fernley & then west through Reno to Truckee, then north to Sagen Creek Field Station. There we fed the birds extensively with canary seed & a few meal worms. The birds eat vigorously even when held snugly in the hand. Only a few of the birds had received any food up to this point (over 24 hrs since capture). We found that they could not husk canary seed unless it was first boiled (softened) but later I learned this was probably because my seed was old & dry. The wet seeds were usually husked before swallowing rather than swallowed whole though certain individuals appeared to swallow many seeds whole. Meal worms were sometimes swallowed whole, but more often they were cut up [illegible] into short pieces as the worm was worked down. Occasionally a worm would be cut in on or two places t

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134 Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Nov. 23 Murphy Spring to Sagenen Creek Field Station (cont.) the guts squeezed out into the mouth, while the exoskeleton was discarded. We found that the birds were sufficiently "tame" & intent on feeding that we could release our grip on them & they would no fly away. Nov. 24 Sagenen Creek Field Station to Berkeley It snowed 6 to 8 inches overnight. Chains were required on the Sagenen Rd but not over Donner Pass (though the road was icy).

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Nov. 24 Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Drove up Strawberry Canyon & over top passing golf course & Botanic garden & continued up part way to top of next ridge which over looks San Ballo Creek. Hiked out across a large grassy side hill (west facing) between the road & ridgetop. Eucalyptus Trees line the ridge & road. The grass area is long (cross slope) & narrow (road to ridge) & thus much of it is within 100 yds of the edge. Vegetation consisted of grass (both dry & green), dill, mustard, & thistle. There were a number of clumps of Coyote Bush [Baccharis pilularis]. Sky was overcast, Temp cool, Wind from west. 2:30-5:00 pm. Species accounts: Red-tailed Hawk (2 birds), Sparrow Hawk (1), Brown Towhee (common within 100 yds of edge), W.C. Sparrow (common), Golden-crowned Sparrow, & Song Sparrow (3 or 4). Other Species: Shrike - on top of 5 ft. cedar surrounded by grassland. Stellar Jay - gave R.T. Hawk call from pine stand. Red-shafted Flicker - heard calling from Eucalyptus grove

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 Nov. 30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Overcast, sprinkling early, increasing to heavy rain by 3:20 P.M. Total observation period: 1:00 - 4:30 PM. The park has changed considerably since I was an undergraduate student at UC (1955-59). At that time there was more cover for birds than at present. The weeds along most of the flats near the shore line are now controlled. The island was once a jungle to paradise for birds. Now it is cleared & there is a bridge to it. The shrubbery has been pruned back considerably all along both sides of the lake leaving few hiding places for secretive birds. Speed boats & water skiers race back & forth down the lake preventing use of much of the lake by waterbirds. Sandpipers & ducks fly in from San Francisco Bay when boats are still on the lake. The lake is 1 1/2 miles long (running N + south), & parallels the Freeway [Interstate 80] which separates it from the bay. It is surrounded by a narrow band of evergreen ornamental shrubs. Species seen include: Pied-billed Grebe - 6 (species account) Arctic Loon - 1 Brown Pelican - 2 Snowy Egret - 3 (species account) American Egret - 1 Green Heron - 1 (flies across lake & lands 15 ft up in cedar) Common Goldeneye - 6 ♀ Bufflehead - 2

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R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal Nov.30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Caly. Merganser - several, fleeting glance Coot - 9 Killdeer -13 Avocet -2 (flying) Ring-billed Gull -1 Bonaparte Gull -7 (species account) Gull-other (Immra) - several Kingfisher -1 (flying with fish in beak) Morning Dove - 4 (feed on ground, 1 on rooftop) Water Pipit - 1 bathe in mud puddle, feed among Meadowlarks Western Meadowlark -7 feed in weedy flats Brown Towhee -3 (species account) Fox Sparrow -1 Song Sparrow-2 White-crowned Sparrow -4 {species account} Golden-crowned Sparrow - 1 Sandpipers, sp? - several South of the main lake are 2 other smaller lakes, the southernmost being the best for birds (less disturbance, more surrounding vegetation than the other 2 lakes, considerable mud flats) and having the greatest bird density. Species: Black-crowned Night Heron - 2 Immra. Amer.(Common) Egret -8 Pintail -110?,7? Common Goldeneye 10?, 2? Coot 30

Journal R.E.Johnson 1968 No. 30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Avocet - 30 Gulls - several Other notes have been taken at Aquatic Park on the following dates: Oct. 23, 1955 ? yellow notebook Sept. 12, 1956 Feb. 14, 1959 March 7, 1959 Jan. 28, 1967 Feb. 3, 4, 1967 May 5, 1967

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Dec. 1 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Overcast, ground muddy. 9:50 - 10:50 AM. No water skiers or boats on the lake yet, but I didn't have time to check the entire lake + 2 smaller ones for birds. Arctic Loon 1 Horned Grebe 1 Pied-billed Grebe 8 Brown Pelican 1 Green Heron 1 Common Egret 5 {species accounts} Snowy Egret 8 Scamp, sp? σ 1 Common Goldeneye 3σ, 5ς American Coot 8 Sanderling 1 California Gull Mew Gull Bonaparte's Gull 9 Belted Kingfisher 1 Western Meadowlark 8 Brown Towhee 2

Journal RdE. Johnson 1968 Dec. 7. Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Eared Grebe 2 Pied-billed Grebe 12 Brown Pelican 2 Green Heron 1 Imma. Common Egret 1 Snowy Egret 8 (+6 in small pond) Black-crowned Night Heron 3 Imma. Pintail (small pond) Canvasback 1♀ Common Goldeneye 6♂, 32♀ (also in small pond) Bufflehead (5♀ in small pond) Ruddy Duck (30♂ in small pond) Coot 22 (also in small pond) Killdeer 26 Willet 2 Dunlin 12 Sanderling 25 American Avocet (30 in small pond) Ring-billed Gull 2 (also in small pond) Mew Gull 9 Bonaparte's Gull 27 Forster's Tern 1 Imma Mourning Dove House Sparrow 6 Western Meadowlark 1 Brown Towhee 1 Song Sparrow (beside small pond) Sparrow Hawk - 1

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Journal RdE. Johnson 1968 Dec. 7. Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Eared Grebe 2 Pied-billed Grebe 12 Brown Pelican 2 Green Heron 1 Imma. Common Egret 1 Snowy Egret 8 (+6 in small pond) Black-crowned Night Heron 3 Imma. Pintail (small pond) Canvasback 1♀ Common Goldeneye 60♂, 32♀ (also in small pond) Bufflehead (5♀ in small pond) Ruddy Duck (30♂ in small pond) Coot 22 (also in small pond) Killdeer 26 Willet 2 Dunlin 12 Sanderling 25 American Avocet (30 in small pond) Ring-billed Gull 2 (also in small pond) Mew Gull 9 Bonaparte's Gull 27 Forster's Tern 1 Imma Mourning Dove House Sparrow 6 Western Meadowlark 1 Brown Towhee 1 Song Sparrow (beside small pond) Sparrow Hawk - 1

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Dec. 15 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Sunday. Hard rain most of day. Tide in + no mud flats exposed. Loon (sp?) 1 Pied-billed Grebe 6 Brown Pelican 1 Common Egret 1 Snowy Egret 5 Black-crowned Night Heron 1 Imm. Green-winged Teal 10? Scamp 1? Common Goldeneye 9?, 19 ? Bufflehead 4?, 4 ? Merganser 3 ? American Coot 25 Killdeer 2 Belted Kingfisher 1 House Finch 2 White-crowned Sparrow 1 Song Sparrow 1

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Dec.26 Ganesha Park, Pomona, Los Angeles Co., Calif. 4-5 PM, cold, partly cloudy, rain earlier in day. Hummingbird - high in Eucalyptus Trees Starling - 2 } { on phone wires Together Cedar Waxwing - 5 Western Bluebird - 20? Auburn Warbler 1 House Finch 3 Bush Tit Brown Towhee Rufous-sided Towhee Mockingbird Robin

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Dec. 27 Bell Canyon, San Dimas Exper. Forest, Los Angeles Co., Calif. I drove from Pomona through Glendora up the Glendora Mtn Rd to a point on the ridge above Bell Canyon where the trail heads down to the ridge forming the west boundary of Bell Canyon. This was followed down to the study plot I had studied several years ago in the spring following a fall fire. Prior to the fire the slopes were covered with dense mature chaparral. Following the fire only a few burnt skeletons of the large shrubs remained. Howard Cogswell had studied the birds of the plot before the [illegible] Fire. I censused it following the fire. Now, several years later, the area is again covered with brush, some places 8 ft high. However one can now navigate between the bushes much easier than in prefire days. No attempt was made to census the plot now since it is winter & the bird population likely differs significantly from spring breeding population. The following birds were noted on the plots or along the trail leading through the bird to the plots. Only those checked (✓) were seen on the plots themselves. Oregon Junco - in areas planted to grass. Mtn Quail Townsend Solitaire House Finch Red-shafted Flicker Wren - tit ✓

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Dec. 27 Bell Canyon, San Dimas Exper. Forest, Los Angeles Co., Calif. Western Robin Mtn. Bluebird Cedar Waxwing Brown Towhee Calif. Thrasher Scrub Jay Fox Sparrow Green-backed Goldfinch Bush-tit Calif. Purple Finch Most prominent plant species on the plots were Ceanothus crassifolius & Chamise. Other species include: Black Sage, Manganita, Calif. Holly, Buckwheat, Yerba Santa, Rhamnus crocea.

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1968 Dec. 31 Fresno & Vicinity, Fresno Co., California Jennifer Meux & I drove east from Fresno starting approx. 2:30 PM. Skies hazy, temp. cool, air still. We stopped 500 yds east of the junction of Ashlan Ave & Academy Ave and looked at birds in the surrounding fields & scattered trees & on phone wires & poles. The following species were seen: Western Meadowlark - flock of 30+ feeding in field & flying together. Lark Sparrow - several perched in lone leafless tree House Finch - row of 20+ on phone wire. Others in fields & in trees. Starling Say's Phoebe - one flycatcher from phone wire, post. White-tailed Kite - 2 perch one phone wires 15 ft., part. Red-tailed Hawk - 2 seen, each perched on a phone pole. Western Mockingbird - several on phone wires Shrike (sp?) Sparrow Hawk - one phone wires Water Pipit - 2 in field feeding Red-shafted Flicker Ground Squirrel (sp?) Accipiter (Cooper's Hawk?) Audubon Warbler - one in lone tree with House Flycatching Finches. Cedar Waxwing - flock on phone line flycatching Brewer Blackbird Killdeer } Common Snipe } along margins of flooded part of a one field. 36+ Snipe

R.E.Johnson 1968 Journal Dec.31 Fresno & Vicinity, Fresno Co., California Mourning Dove We continued driving east on Aslan Ave., then Watts Valley Rd. We stopped 3 miles east of where Aslan becomes Watts Valley Road. Here the road enters small rolling hills (grassy with a few scattered oaks). Oregon Juncos & Vesper Sparrows fed beside the road. One Brown Towhee was also seen.

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Spring 35 1600 34 Spring 36 Creek 7200 37 Bickeman 6991 6000 TIONAL REST 4 3 6 2 Aurora Cre 5 Tayings Fun 8 Merry Springton 8106 Bald Peak 6821 7962 16 15 Del Monte 666916 Spring 14 Aurora 18 17 Cem. AURORA 30 High School 19 20 Spring 13 Spring 21 Red Cloud Hill SILVER 15 BM 8277 Graves 16 Bodie Spring 24 17 Creek 22 JEEF 23 25 26 27 Spring 28 Milk Ranch Campground 8 Spring 9 Trail 0 10 Bodies Bluff BM 630000 11 HAWTHORNE INT. 15 MI 14 N 1 2 5 7 35 36 Creek Brassey Peaks 37 36 38 39 Trail 36 Spring Walk 0800 0800 0800 Owen Lake 8762 4 3 15 Tayings Pond RAILROAD 16 22 23 24 25 26 Trail 29 30 31 32 Trail 33 JEEF

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Johnson, R.E 1968 Species Account

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R.E. Johnson 1968 Pied-billed Grebe Nov. 30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Overcast, occasional rain. Group of 6 swimming in loose group, not diving synchronously, but foraging within 100 ft of each other. Usually submerge head first in dive but sometimes just sink feet 1st & head last as if sinking in quick sand. Occasionally also only surface so head (not neck) appears above water.

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Common Egret R.E.Johnson 1968 Dec. 1 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Overcast skies, wet ground from 2 days rain. At least 5 birds around lake. Three arrived & landed in on shallow spot (SW corner) near some New & Calif. Gulls + a Snowy Egret (not sure that Snowy Egret didn't arrive with them). One Common Egret then attempted to chase the other two [illegible] away by making sudden dashes in their direction & taking flight very briefly. Each time the pursued bird would also take flight for a few yards. The attacker finally succeeded in chasing the others off. The Gulls took flight twice in attempts to stay clear of the trouble. However the Snowy Egret was not attacked nor did it respond by staying clear of the action.

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Snowy Egret R.E. Johnson 1968 Nov. 30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co, Calif. Overcast, occasional rain. Not disturbed by passing waterskiers & boats, but may make use of waves to turn up food. Dec. 1 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co, Calif. Overcast & wet ground. Boats not active this morning (about 10-11 AM). At least 8 birds seen, one was standing on end of pier where boats normally dock. Most were in shallow water near shore or on shore. An Amer. Egret that was standing in shallow water aggressively chased 2 others away & repeatedly did so until they left the area, yet it totally ignored a Snowy Egret standing in the center of the action. Calif. & New Gulls were disturbed by the activities & tried to stay out of the way but the Snowy Egret appeared to ignore everything.

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R.E. Johnson 1968 No. 29 Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Overcast, cool, wind from west. 3:30 - 4:30 PM. Two birds circle occasionally, but usually hover facing the wind (i.e. face west) over grassland (grass, dill, mustard, thistle; all mostly dry) west of the main ridge-top. A Sparrow Hawk dove, circled, & harassed one of these birds. The R.T. gradually drifted south along the ridge (ridge is N-S) & the Sp. Hk left it & returned north & out of sight. The two species certainly can't be competing for food but perhaps they do compete for hovering space along a one dimensional foraging ridge such as this one. Usually the two R.T.'s hovered 1/4 mile apart, but now & then they would move closer (50-100 ft.) together & hover briefly, as if coming over to say hello, and then again separating. Once they changed positions along the ridge, the north one then occupying the area of the south one & vice versa. (see notes on March 3, 1967) A Shrike foraged from the top of an isolated bush beneath one bird & paid no attention to hawk above. The hawks disappeared between 4:20 & 4:40 PM. The wind continued but the sun was low & visibility was decreasing rapidly.

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R.E. Johnson 1968 Sparrow Hawk No. 29 Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Overcast, cool, wind from west. 3:30 PM. A Sp. Hk circled, dove, harassed a Red-tailed Hawk which was hovering west of the main n-s ridge top over a grass & weed field. The RT drifted south and finally The Sp. Hk turned + disappeared to the north. Perhaps they compete for aerial hovering space while foraging. They don't compete for food.

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Bonaparte Gull R.E. Johnson 1968 Nor. 30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Overcast, occasional rain. A row of birds sit on mud bar 30 ft. out from shore. Forage much like terns, i.e. fly 20 ft. over water [illegible] & then fold wings partially & plunge into water, but don't submerge in process.

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Brown Towhee R.E.Johnson 1968 Nov.29 Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. 2:30 PM Three or four individuals fed on ground in litter(leaves, twigs, both green & dry grass) under a large eucalyptus tree, which with one other tree, stand isolated & surrounded by grassland on a side hill. Small (5-10ft. high) cedars have been planted at 20 ft. spacing all around the adjacent grassland. A dense eucalyptus stand is located across a paved road 50 yards down slope. When I disturbed the Towhees one flew 30ft beyond the eucalyptus canopy cores & lit 4ft up in the top of a tall dry weedy plant in a field of same. Others flew up into the lower portions of the 2 trees. I wonder how far into the grassland & away from shelter they will venture? I recall seeing them frequently on a mowed lawn early in the morning at Playfield here in Tilden (no specific notes taken). Trees ringed the grass but were some distance away. I heard the high squeely note I usually associated with aggressive interaction & also the usual "chip" note. 4:15 PM. More Towhees encountered in tall (8-9 ft.) stand of dill located 100 yds from the nearest stand of eucalyptus. Between this & the previous observations I had seen much further out in the field & though there were occasional brush patches, there were no Brown Towhees. Nov.30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Overcast, light sprinkle. Despite the narrowness of the band of vegetation(mixed ornamental evergreen shrubs) & the close proximity of a road, Freeway, & water skiers, these birds &

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Brown Towhee R.E. Johnson 1968 Nov. 30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Several other species of ground feeders appear fairly common. These birds appear to adapt well to "civilization". Seen feeding in open with White-crowned Sparrows, a Water Pipit, & Meadowlarks, & also with a Golden-crowned Sparrow where nearer the shrubbery.

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R.E. Johnson 1968 White-crowned Sparrow No.29 Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Overcast, cool. 2:30-4:00 PM. A group of about 30 feed on the ground amid grass (both green & dry) & weeds(dry) up to 4 ft. high. Once I disturbed them & many flew up into a weed patch, occupying a range of perches. A Song Sparrow appeared among them but stayed lower (max of 2 feet up) & then flew under cover. On another occasion the birds suddenly flew en mass & another weed patch. Twenty 5 were of the brown (dull) crowned form & two had black&white heads. These two occupied the 1st & 3rd highest perches. - Oops - Reexamination of this group indicates most of the dull forms were Golden- crowned Sparrows. Continued observation of this group substantiates the idea that, for this flock at least, the Black&white crowned individuals perch higher than the Golden-crowned sparrows. I can't be sure about the dull WC sp's (too few). Another flock of 10+ Black&White birds fed nearby (200?) away), not intermixed. The weed species in field include mustard, dill, & thistle. No.30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Overcast, sprinkle. Thin strip of vegetation (evergreen ornamental shrubs), waterskiers, & freeway haven't prevented the presence of this species. Three black&white headed & one brown headed Feeding on ground with one Golden-crowned Sparrow & one Brown Towhee. The Towhee & WC sp. feed gradually out further into the open until 20 ft. from the shrubs, but the Golden-crowned sp. stays close to the shrubs. They feed among Meadowlarks & Water Pipit which have

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R.E. Johnson 1968 White-crowned Sparrow Nov. 30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. out in the open all along.

Golden-crowned Sparrow R.E. Johnson 1968 Nov. 29 Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Overcast, cool. 2:30 - 4:00 PM. Flock of 80 birds including a few (3 or 4) W.C. Sparrows and one or 2 Song Sparrows. All fed in weed & grass field & all flew off to weed tops when disturbed, but the White-crowned Sparrow tended to perch higher on the weeds than the rest. The Song Sparrow was more nervous & disappeared from the perch sooner. Thus the Golden-crown resembles the WC sp. is sitting still, but differs by perching lower. Weed species in field include mustard, dill, & thistle. Nov. 30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Overcast, sprinkling. Feeds within a couple feet of shrubbery along with W.C. Sparrows & Brown Towhee but when later species drift out from shrubs (to 20 ft out), this bird stays within 2 or 3 feet of bushes & is left behind. It appears well adapted to "civilization" wherever dense shrubbery remains. Waterskiere, a freeway, & picnickers are all in close proximity.

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R.E. Johnson 1968 Song Sparrow Nov. 29 Tilden Regional Park, Contra Costa Co., Calif. Overcast, cool. 2:30 - 4:00 PM. Twice single birds were observed amid a flock of W.C. sparrows which had flown up to tops of weeds in weed patches when startled. Can't be sure if the Song Sparrow was in the weed patch all along or not. In each case it remained on a lower perch than the other birds & shortly disappeared under cover low in the weeds or on the ground. Further observations show that the Song Sparrow does feed among the WC & Golden-Crowned Sparrows on the ground in weed & grass cover. This cover is open enough to allow individuals to be followed as they forage, with binoculars, from a distance of 30 ft. away, yet it provides considerable camouflage & the birds could easily be overlooked. While the other species sit on the weed tops without moving, the Song Sparrow is nervous, constantly flitting its wings & tail & it usually moves on while the other species remain perched & still for some time. Weed species in field include mustard, dill, & thistle. Nov. 30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. Overcast, sprinkling. One seen in bushes with W.C. & 6C Sparrows & Brown Towhee in two different locations. In each case when the other birds dropped to the ground to feed & then drifted away from the shrubs, the Song Sparrow stayed in the bushes perched 4 ft above the ground watching the others & finally returned into the bushes. It appears to be more reluctant than the Golden Crowned Sparrow to feed on the

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R.E. Johnson 1968 Song Sparrow Nor. 30 Berkeley Aquatic Park, Alameda Co., Calif. ground in the open.

Johnson, R.E. 1969 Journal

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 Jan. 24 Berkeley, Calif. to Reno, Nevada Got a late start From Berkeley & there wasn't time to reach the mine shafts on Peavino Mtn. before dusk. I skated at Squaw Valley in the evening & then drove about 10 miles east of Reno and stopped for the night. Jan. 25 Reno, Nevada to Salt Lake City Area, Utah Highway east of Reno & all the surrounding land is covered with snow making the going slick & slow. Many flocks of Horned Larks along the road in the vicinity of Fernley & to the east. Two Meadowlarks, a Raven, several Black-billed Magpies, a Red-winged Blackbird, several Brewer's Blackbirds and 2 House Sparrows seen near Wads worth. Three Rosy Finches (L.t. littoralis) were collected from a flock of roadside Horned Larks. While I brought these notes up to date at the above site (15 miles e. of Fernley on Interstate 80), a flock of 40 Rosy Finches flew up & I collected 4 (one L.t. littoralis). While retrieving these a Flock of 100 Rosy Finches flew nearby. Time 10:30-11:00 AM. Another Rosy Finch (L.t. head type) appeared with a flock of Horned Larks & I collected it along with 2 Horned Larks (one shot). A Raven swept down & picked up a live Rosy Finch but it may have been injured by one of my earlier shots but escaped by flying off only to weaken later & be caught. The Raven carried it to a fence post & tore the feathers off, then flew to the middle of the road with it & continued tearing at it. Small numbers of other Rosy

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R.E. Johnson 1969 Journal 137 Jan. 25 Reno, Nevada to Salt Lake City area, Utah Finches continued to appear and a few were collected so that the total collected was 11 Rosy Finches & 2 Horned Larks. I continued driving east on US 40 to Salt Lake city & beyond to camp high in the Wasatch Mtns. some distance short of Heber City on US 40. Jan. 26 Salt Lake City Area, Utah to Denver, Colorado Stormy weather continues, but little snow falling now. Birds near Heber City include Black-billed Magpie, Red-winged Blackbird, Brewer Blackbird, starling & sparrow Hawk. 1.6 miles W. of the Duchesne County line on US 40, where the highway descends a narrow canyon, a flock of 200 Rosy finches (apparently L. atrata) were seen on the highway. They flew off when several cars passed in succession. None could be collected. The road continues a short ways down canyon before the canyon opens into a flat or rolling area. Here 3 Magpies, 15 Pine Siskins, & a flock of 50 Horned Larks were seen. Later in the vicinity of Roosevelt & Jensen 25 shrikes^50 English Sparrows, Starlings, Magpies & Horned Larks were seen. I visited the quarry at Dinosaur Nat. Mon.; ^no birds were seen in the monument.

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R.E. Johnson 1969 Journal 138 Jan.26 Salt Lake City area, Utah to Denver, Colorado I came across a large flock (300) of rosy finches in eastern Colorado, 1.4 miles Moffat County west of Elk Springs, along US 40. These birds were feeding on roadside tumbleweed type vegetation protruding through the snow, much as the birds did in Nevada. Ten birds were collected at 4:30PM, much later than birds return to the roost at Bodie & Peavine Mtn. Again these birds were L.T. Tephrocotis & L.T. littoralis. I continued driving on US 40 over the Rocky Mtns. to Denver. Jan.27 Denver to Boulder, Colorado picked up dry ice and visited the State Dept of Parks, Game & Fish in Denver before driving to Boulder where I met Kathy Bell, took a brief look at the U-of Colorado Rosy Finch collection, & otherwise visited with Carl & Jane Bock. They were moving from one house to another at this time but generously took me in for the night & Jane prepared the best meal I've had on the trip &, for that matter, since the start of this quarter. Jan.28 Boulder Co., Colorado Drove to Nederland (8200ft.) & looked for Rosy Finches with Kathy Bell. She has seen them around the area often in the past but none were around this morning. Nederland

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Journal 139 R.E. Johnson 1469 Jan. 28 Boulder Co., Colorado lies in a small open park with forested canyon walls rising on either side. A reservoir fills the lower portion of the park below the town. Birds have been noted in the past in town [illegible] around a bird feeder, in the parklands & below the dam. We explored some other roads, leading to a ski area & another to Caribou (old mining town now abandoned). Above Caribou we found a vertical mine shaft surround by a building & head rig but open enough for easy access for rosy finches. It was too early to expect to find them roosting. We returned to Nederland [illegible] a little before dusk and saw 8 rosy finches sitting on a phone line in front of the house with the bird feeder. I couldn't tell the race in the low light & low clouds. Jan. 29 Boulder, Jefferson & Clear Creek Counties, Colorado Explored parks & meadows along several roads south of Boulder in the Front Range & found no rosy finches. First I drove west up Baseline St. in Boulder & followed its continuation up into the mountains past several small paths to the road terminus (in winter at least) above a large reservoir. One strike was seen. I returned to Boulder & drove south on Colorado Hwy 93 south through Golden to Red Rocks Theater and Morrison. Mr Bailey had reported seeing birds in mixed flocks of [illegible], littoralis & australis

R.E. Johnson 1969 140 Journal Jan. 29 Boulder, Jefferson, & Clear Creek Counties, Colorado roosting in a cave above the Theater. My visit was at midday however so no birds would be expected & none were seen. The rocks have many small holes suitable for roosting but I doubt if I saw the "cave" Bailey refers to. I should revisit the area someday at a latter hour. Next I drove south to Morrison (1 mile so. of Red Rocks Theater) & then west up Colo Hwy 74 to Evergreen, then north to Bergen Park. There are a few small parklike areas around Evergreen (7000+ ft.) but the large parks near Bergen Park (7800 ft) are much more likely places to find rosy finches. None were seen but the search was far from thorough. I drove west again on Colo Hwy 103 into the higher mountains to Echo Lake & the Univ. of Denver High Altitude Station, which I visited briefly. Most of this route is timbered & the snow is over a foot deep. No parks for rosy finches. The road on to Mt. Evans was choked with snow & closed for the winter. I returned via the same route to Evergreen, arriving after dark & skating for an hour before returning to Boulder. It was snowing from Echo lake to Bergen Park on the return trip, but not below that level (no rain either). Jan. 30 South Park, Park Co., Colorado Left Boulder with Kathy Bell around 6 AM & drove

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146 R.E.Johnson 1969 Journal Jan.30 Boulder, Jefferson, & Clear Creek Counties, Colorado (cont.) south via Colo. Hwy. 93 to Morrison & then SW on US 285 over the mountains to south park, a large open park extending southward for 50 miles or more. A light layer of snow covered the ground. Only the highway & cow trampled parts of pastures were bare of snow. Mtns rise on either side. We stopped at several ranches & obtained permission to examine their barnyard areas for rosy finches. Everyone was quite friendly & agreed to let us look & even shoot birds. (1) The 1st ranch was located 1.2 miles nc of Jefferson (ie. 1 mi. n. & 0.7 miles east of Jefferson) on the west side of the highway, at 9500 ft. about 60 Many birds were feeding in one corral area both on the ground & in the feeding troughs. The flock was made up as follows: tephrocotis 70%, littoralis 20%, atrata 0%, australis 10%. I collected 21 birds: 14 tephrocotis, 3 littoralis, 2 intermediates (campestris - type) & 2 australis. The next ranch was located 0.6 miles SW of Jefferson along US 285 on the west side of the road (0.4 mi. S. & 0.4 mi. W. of Jefferson). This was the G South Park Cattle Co. They preferred us not to shoot near the buildings & nearly all the birds were close by so we only collected one bird, a tephrocotis littoralis. There were at least 40 birds present, a few in each small hay pile. About 50% were littoralis & tephrocotis, (2)

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R.E.Johnson 1969 Journal Jan.30 Boulder, Jefferson, & Clear Creek Counties, Colorado and the other 50% were australis. The next ranch was another 0.7 miles southwest or a total of 1.3 miles sw of Jefferson along the highway + then 0.7 miles east on a dirt road. (1.3 mi. s. + 10.1 miles w. of Jefferson) This ranch is also owned by the South Park Cattle Co. We also returned to this ranch later in the day + collected additional birds. The flocks appeared to be 80% tephrocotis, 15% littoralis, + 5% australis. One atrata was seen + collected. Only a few birds were seen at a time, but 26 birds were collected in all and many remained. Birds collected: tephrocotis 11, littoralis 6, atrata 1, australis 4, + 4 campestris type intermediates. At 4:20pm there were a few birds feeding on the ground near the barn + many others roosting in cliff swallow nests located inside the barn along the ceiling center rafters. We drove back out the dirt road + looked at a barn near where it joins the highway (1 mi. s. & 0.8 mi. west of Jefferson). Five birds were Feeding on a bare patch of ground outside an open side door of the barn. These were collected (2 tephrocotis, 2 littoralis, + one campestris type). Inside the barn every rafter along the crest of the roof [illegible] was occupied by 2 rosy finches, one in each corner {2 birds. Some rafters held cliff swallow nests + in that case the

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R.E. Johnson 1969 Journal Jan.30 Boulder, Jefferson, & Clear Creek Counties, Colorado Rosy finches occupied these. I collected 11 australis & none of the other races, however tephrocesta & littoralis together made up 60 to 70% of the population. This was done at 4:45 PM when the sun had set behind the mtns but it was still light enough to identify the birds using binoculars inside the barn. With my entry into the barn & with each shot there was some reshuffling of birds from roof to roof. (Just prior to collecting in the barn above) We also visited Fairplay, a town further south of Rosy finches in South Park, where we saw a flock of perhaps 100 (the flock was often subdivided with parts out of sight) feeding at a bird feeder behind a house or sitting on the phone wires along the alley behind the house. Because of the lighting these were not identified. Other birds seen in South Park: Horned Lark Raven Magpie Golden Eagle - W. of Jefferson English Sparrow - Fairplay Due to high winds (blowing from the west mostly) South Park is not deep in snow except where obstruction cause drifting. The tops of the vegetation protrude through the snow.

Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 Jan. 31 Univ. of Colorado, Boulder, Colorado The day was spent stuffing Rosy Finches, catching up (almost) on field notes, and looking at Rosy Finches in the Aiken coll. at U. of Colorado. Feb. 1 Boulder, Boulder Co. to North Park and return, Colorado: The route followed was south from Boulder on Colo. Hwy 93 to US 6, then west & north on US 40 over Berthoud Pass (11314 ft.) and down into Middle Park, a series of small parks where Rosy Finches have been reported in earlier years. Records include (Kathy & I) Granby, Hot Sulphur Springs, & Kremmling. We visited each of these cities & checked many ranch yards enroute without finding any birds. Late in the day we turned north out of Middle Park on Colo. Hwy 125 over Willow Creek Pass (9683 ft.) in a blizzard & into North Park. The snow in Middle & North Park is deepers than in South Park. Fewer snowless areas were seen. North Park looked particularly inhospitable, perhaps because of the weather we experienced (wind, snowfall, & deep snow on the level). We stopped at dusk at a ranch north of Walden & obtained permission to examine his barn & corals. On the outside of the barn under the eaves we found House Sparrows & Rosy Finches roosting. Several cliff swallow nests were present & these were occupied along with more exposed sites. We collected the only 2 Rosy Finches we saw, an australis & a [illegible] Tephrocotis. Error, both were australis.

Journal 145 R.E.Johnson 1969 Feb.1. Boulder, Boulder Co. to North Park & return, Colorado. We completed the trip after dark, driving north through Cowdrey & then NE to Laramie, Wyoming where we obtained a bucket of Colonel Saunders chicken and continued south to Boulder. Feb.2 Boulder, Boulder Co. to Leadville, Lake Co., & return, Colorado. Kathy & I again drove south on Colo. Hwy. 93, continuing to Morrison, then following US 285 to South Park. We stopped at a ranch we had missed previously which is located just below Kenosha Pass and is reached by dirt road turning [illegible] east off the hwy 1.3 miles north of Jefferson. This ranch is also owned by South Park Cattle Company. Kenosha Pass 2.1 mi. N Jefferson to Fairplay Legend South Park Cattle Company Other Ranches In the lee of the barns we counted at least 32 tephroctis, 2 littoralis, 2 australis & 0 atrata at 9:30 -10:00 AM. We collected 1 tephroctis & 6 australis. We continued on south to Fairplay & again saw

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R.E Johnson 1269 Journal 196 Feb. 2 Boulder, Boulder Co., to Leadville, Lake Co., & return, Colorado the flock of rosy finches at the feeder & on the phone wires. They also landed in the front yard of another house, on its roof and in a tall shrub & adjacent tree across the street. We continued south with the intend to go to Salida where many birds have been collected in the past; however we changed our minds & drove north through Buena Vista to Leadville instead. Near the Hwy. 1ct. south of Buena Vista we saw a flock of Horned Larks. At Leadville we drove around the city hoping to locate rosy finches with no luck & then drove up a dirt (snow covered) road through the old mining district. In the process I drove off the road into the snow & the remainder of daylight time was spent summoning a tow truck from town. Twenty $ later we took some sunset pictures of the mtns to the west & then returned via the route we had come on. In south park we stopped to see if we could attempt to collect rosy finches from roosting spots in some low barns, but the rancher said this would disturb the cattle too much, so we abandoned this idea & drove back to Boulder. Feb. 3 Boulder & Nederland, Boulder Co., Colorado: Most of the day was spent with the bird skins

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147 Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 Feb. 3. Boulder & Nederland, Colorado in the U of Colo. Museum, but Kathy & I also took an afternoon trip to Nederland + to the Science Lodge. We saw the flock of rosy finches at the feeder across from the laundromat (nearly all were tephrocotis) as they feed on the ground & sat on the phone wires. Finally they all flew off to the me. We attempted to locate them on the flats near the lake + above the lake on the open slopes with no success. Perhaps they were headed back to their roost since it was around 4 PM (very approx.). Feb. 4-6 Boulder, Colorado These 3 days were spent measuring birds in. the Museum at the Univ. of Colorado. Among the many birds are 2 of special interest; one from Kodiak and another from Mt. Zirkel in no. Colorado. This latter bird is much darker than australis & surely is a hybrid between australis & atrata. Mt. Zirkel is [illegible] located at the nearest point in the australis range to the atrata range, a distance of at least 150 miles.

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RE-Johnson 1969 148 Journal Jan-Feb. University of Colorado Museum, Boulder, Colorado Mr. John R. Rohner of the museum staff suggested several possible sources of more information & specimens of rosy finches. These included: Stu McDonald, Nat. Mus. of Canada, Ottawa who collected in sp. & su. in western Canada. John B. Ed Hurley - Washington collector who may have RF's Yakima Oakley Thorne of Boulder Oakleigh Museum of Nat. History State Univ. of Iowa birds collected in Idaho. Iowa City, Iowa

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R.E.Johnson 1969 Journal 149 Feb.7 Boulder, Boulder Co. to Evergreen, Jefferson Co., Colorado Moved out of Bock's house, bought a second large cooler to place my birds in, exchanged a few ideas with Kathy & left for Denver just before noon. In Denver I bought 52 pounds of dry ice, had the front wheel alignment checked & the tires (front) balanced, & visited the Denver Museum of Natural History. Dr. Bailey took me out directly to the study skin collections with any fanfare. They have a good sized collection of birds collected in Colorado (littoralis 1 tray, atrata 1/2 tray, tephrocotis 3 trays, & australis 3 trays), but so far as I could tell, few or no other birds. The trays are small but jammed with birds. There were about 175 birds on the 3 australis trays & even more tephrocotis. I made distribution cards for australis & then drove to south park, arriving at Jefferson at about 7:30 PM (long after dark). I drove south of Jefferson 1.3 miles & turned left on a dirt road to the barn where I'd collected about a dozen australis from roosts inside a barn. I collected about 30 birds from the roosts by aiming my shotgun with the aid of a flashlight. Most were tephrocotis, but there were a couple littoralis & one australis. australis had been much more plentiful before. The first bird was collected at 7:45 PM & had a TB of 31.8° rather cold for a bird! Torpor? Several minutes later 2 more birds were shot & had TB's of 36.6° & 36.8°. Following the first shot there had been considerable fluttering in the rafters and I believe a few birds

R.E. Johnson 1969 Journal 150 Feb. 7 Boulder, Boulder Co. to Evergreen, Jefferson Co, Colorado (cont.) lefts the barn. Perhaps the first shot started all the birds toward arousal? A bird shot at 7:55 PM had a T<sub>B</sub> of 38.4° and one at 8:00 PM had 33.5°. All of these were tephrocotis. A littoralis shot at 8:02 PM had 36.0°, a tephrocotis at 8:05 PM had 37.2°, a littoralis at 8:10 PM had 40.2° & an australis at 8:35 PM had 37.4°. There were many shots not listed above that preceded the australis. The other shots were listed in sequence. Most of the birds remained in place even when an adjacent bird, sometimes only 2 ft away, was shot. South Park had less snow & more bare ground near the barn than on my previous visits. It does not appear that the afternoon snowstorm touched this area. It did snow in Denver & Morrison & along the lower part of the road approaching South Park. It was clear at South Park with many stars. I drove back to Evergreen & noted they were resurfacing the large ice rink on the lake. Feb. 8 Evergreen, Jefferson Co. to Granby, Grand Co., Colorado I ice skated on the lake from 7:30 ~ 8:30 AM. It was +4°F at 9:00 AM! Then I drove north through Bergen Park to US 40 & west through Idaho Springs & over Berthoud Pass, looking for rosy finches in route. None. I continued down into Winter Park & stopped in Fraser to look for finches & around the house, barns, etc. I drove 0.7 miles west of town on a dirt road & stopped

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R.E.Johnson 1969 Journal 151 Feb.8 Evergreen, Jefferson Co. to Granby, Grand Co., Colorado at a ranch. The lady said she had seen flocks of 100 or so of the birds in the hay every now & then. There were none present while I was there however. I followed the road further to the west into timber where I encountered a jeep stuck in the snow. An hour later I was off again hunting for finches. The jeep driver suggested I try the Fraser dump which is located west of town on a road passing through the center of a saw mill located on the north edge of town. When I arrived at the dump there were 2 rosy finches foraging in the bottoms of the trough scooped out by a bull dozer. I collected one (australis) but a truck drove up before I could collect the other. From this time on the day was a comedy of unfunny events. Each time a rosy Finch would appear at the dump so would a truck. Often the driver would select to dump exactly where the bird was feeding. A flock of 50 rosy finches landed on one occasion (appeared to be australis) & smaller groups of 5 to 10 were noted several times. I was unable to collect additional birds due to the traffic so I drove toward Granby to look at the dump there. It is located 3 miles west of town & up the road toward Walden a short distance on the right. There were no finches present, but there must have been 30 Black-billed Magpies & 5 or 6 Ravens.

152 R.E.Johnson 1969 Journal Feb.8 Evergreen, Jefferson Co. to Granby, Grand Co., Colorado In route to the dump I had stopped at one ranch where I saw several (5 or 6) Starlings & 2 Magpies. I also got stuck in the snow there & had to be pulled out. After leaving the Granby dump I returned to the Fraser dump and cars & trucks were still coming & going regularly at 4 - 4:30 PM! This must be the town social center & surely I'd encountered half the population by now! I explored several dirt roads & snowshoed to some barns that looked hospitable to Rosy Finches. One contained Cliff Swallow nests but there were no finches. Finally I drove back to Granby for gas, dinner, & a motel room to dry off in. Birds seen at Fraser Dump & vicinity: Black-billed Magpie Raven Brown-capped Rosy Finch MT. Chickadee Steller Jay Canada Jay Feb 9 Granby, Grand Co., Colorado to Roosevelt, Duchesne Co., Utah Considerable car trouble this morning due to the cold weather. Finally it was ready to function at 9:15 AM. It was -25 in Granby & -27 in Tabernash last night.

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Journal 153 R.E. Johnson 1969 Feb. 9 Grabby, Grand Co., Colorado to Roosevelt, Duchesne Co., Utah I returned to the Fraser dump and so did the other people at a feverish pace. I managed to collect 2 more Rosy Finches & a Black-capped Chickadee at 10:30 AM. I returned again to Granby at about noon. At a ranch se of town there were many Magpies, Starlings & English Sparrows. At another ranch nw of town Starlings, Magpies & Red-winged Blackbirds were common. There were 2 Black-capped Chickadees at the Dump at 12:45 PM & I collected one. Two miles west of Granby there was a flock of 12 Rosy finches forking along the roadside. At a ranch near Hot Sulphur Springs there were Black-capped Chickadees & Black-billed Magpies. I drove back & forth through Kremmling looking for houses with bird feeders and found none. I also checked 2 ranches. The only birds seen were Black-capped Chickadees, Black-billed Magpies & English Sparrows. Starlings, Ravens & a flock of 25 Rosy Finches were seen at the Kremmling Dump between 3:30 PM & 4:10 PM. I collected 10 tephrocatis, 2 littoralis & 1 australis. (See map on next page for location). I continued up The Back Troublesome Creek Rd another 4.7 miles to a house owned by the Ritchards. I had been told by a ranchers wife in Kremmling that Mrs. Richards has noted some pink winged birds near her house this winter & that she had never seen them before this year. Mrs. Richards was not home but one of her sons was there taking care of the place. He reported that

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154 Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 Feb. 9 Granby, Grand Co., Colorado to Roosevelt, Duchesne Co., Utah N W E S Dump 0.5 Kremmling 4.7 miles O star spring Ranch Ritchard's 1.0 US40 Route to Dump & to Ritchards Ranch up back Troublesome Creek Rd.

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155 Journal R E. Johnson 1969 Feb. 9 Granby, Grand Co., Colorado to Roosevelt, Duchesne Co., Utah he had noted dark chestnut-brown birds in & around they the feeding troughs in his corals 18 miles west of Kremmling on US 40 on Muddy Creek. Directly north of Kremmling is a sizeable butte with vertical walls (Wolford Mountain) & a service station attendant told me that there are Cliff Swallow nests all over these walls. A road reaches the top of the mtn & a trail cuts across the mtn. just below the cliffs. Perhaps Rosy finches roost in these nests. It was too late to check this out. I drove west to Roosevelt, Utah & camped in a roadside park. Feb. 10 Roosevelt, Duchesne Co., Utah to Wendover, Tooele Co., Utah Visited the Roosevelt dump, located south of town on a wash. Starlings & Magpies were present by the hundreds. Nesbly Farms also had these species plus English Sparrows & Red-winged Blackbirds. Further west I stopped at Duchesne & drove up Indian Canyon 1/2 mile to the dump (no birds) & then 20 miles further up canyon (pretty). Later I collected one Pion Jay. From among a group (20) feeding along the roadside 0.4 mi. east of the int. of Utah Hwy 208 & US 40. At Heber City I checked the dump (Starlings, & English Sparrows) & several ranches (Magpies, Starlings, & English Sparrows). At Parke City an employee of the city said there

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R.E.Johnson 1969 Journal 154 Feb. 10 Roosevelt, Duchesne Co., Utah to Wendover, Tooele Co., Utah were often [illegible] "Starlings, Magpies & Crows". I saw only Starlings. A nearby ranch had English Sparrows, Magpies, & Starlings. I drove on to Salt Lake City + west to Saltaire Amusement Pier where rosy finches are known to roost. I was surprised to find the road to it blocked by a cable & [illegible] no trespassing signs. I next drove south to Bacchus to Hercules Powder Company where Mike Hess had found rosy finches [illegible] roosting. The security people took the hard line that Mike should never have noticed the birds in the first place since he was paid to guard, not notice birds. They also made it sound like it took an act of congress for an outsider to get permission to enter the area. I did meet a sympathetic guard but he lacked authority to let me enter. I ice skated at the Magna Ice Rink for 2 hours that evening & played games with all the kids (6-12 yrs old). I haven't had so much fun skating nor as good a work out in years. Drove west to Wendover area & camped. Feb. 11. Wendover, Tooele Co., Utah to Berkeley, California Checked the dump north of Wells, Nevada & found only Ravens & Starlings. Thirty seven miles east of Elko I saw a flock of

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R.E. Johnson 1969 Journal 157 Feb. 11 Wendover, Tooele Co., Utah to Berkeley, Calif. 200 rosy finches feeding along the roadside. I collected one at 10:30 AM. The others flew off & could never be approached closely because of the traffic. There was much less snow along the highways of Nevada on my return trip than in late January. I visited the lower mineshaft on Peavine Mtn near Rena, between 4:45 & 5:45 PM and the shaft contained around 100 birds. They could only be driven from the shafts in small numbers only with considerable effort (yelling, waving arms & throwing torrents of rocks) & then they would dive direct back into the shaft. I collected a few birds. Some adjacent areas were snowless & others up to 2 feet deep with drifted snow. Snow 1 ft. deep surrounded the shaft. I drove on to Berkeley, arriving around 11 PM.

K.E. Johnson 1969 Journal Feb. 14 Berkeley, Calif. to Reno, Nevada. Got away from Berkeley about 2 PM and arrived at Truckee well after dark, too late to hunt Rosy Finches on Peavine Mtn, so we (Jenny & I) went ice skating at Squaw Valley & then drove to the Sagehen Creek & started to snowshoe in in a blizzard. There was no sign of the road or the shidoo tracks & route finding was nearly impossible due to wind driven snow in our eyes. We turned back to the car & drove down to Reno for the night. Feb 15 Reno, Nevada & Truckee, Calif. areas Drove back to Sagehen and I snowshoed in to arrange a shidoo ride for us & our equipment in the evening at 8 PM. It took only 25 minutes to snowshoe in 2 miles! We returned again to Reno & then up Peavine Mtn to the white shaft where N.K Johnson & John Spencer had found birds in. I had seen about 100 birds there last week. We spread seed all along one side of the shaft in hopes that birds would feed there & that we could trap them there the next day. The shaft was already full of birds on our arrival. We returned again to Sagehen. Feb 16 Sagehen Creek, Calif.; Peavine Mtn, Nevada; to Berkeley, Calif. Beautiful weather this morning (it had snowed on the

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Journal Feb. 16 Sagehen Creek, Calif. to Peavine Mtn., Nevada, to Berkeley, Calif. (precious days). Jenny & I each took off in separate directions on snowshoes looking for Oregon Juncos (we didn't see any) and taking pictures. The snow was 8 1/2 feet deep at the Flagpole. I saw two White-headed Woodpeckers, a Hairy Woodpecker, a Cooper Hawk making a diving attack on something on the ground (but out of my sight), & many Mountain Chickadees and Red-breasted Nuthatches. Jenny indicated she had heard Kinglets & Creepers also. Vernon gave us a ride to the road at 12 noon & we drove back to Truckee, Reno & Peavine Mtn. We had to carry a load of things (traps, mist nets, cages, gun, etc.) up the road through snow & mud to the shaft. We arrived at the shaft at 2:45 PM [after hearing birds, is rosy further near the hole about 5 minutes before as we started up] the last hill in deep (16 inches) snow. We immediately stretched the net over the hole but while we were still holding the net in our hands a bird flew out (2:50 PM) & got caught. At 3:00 PM we caught a 2nd bird in the same manner & a 3rd bird flew out via the side shaft. At 3:40 PM 2 birds flew in & then out again. At 3:50 - 3:55 - several overhead but did not enter the shaft. At 4:02 PM a flock of well over 50 birds arrived & flew into the shaft. A few got caught to the remainder veered off, swirling around over the hole & diving low over it but staying clear of the net. They continued flying about in this manner & at least once landed in nearby trees. We removed the net & started

R.E. Johnson 1969 Feb. 16 Sagehen Creek, Caly. to Parvine Mtn, Nevada to Berkeley, Caly. extracting the birds from it & placing them in cages. Meanwhile the birds circled overhead & flew into the shaft even though we were right on the lip of the shaft. We finally moved off 30 ft or so in case our presence was preventing others from entering. Earlier we had placed about 4 Bailey traps around the hole baited with seed. One bird was caught in these. I also collected 11 birds with a shotgun. We replaced the mist net over the hole & then tried to disturb the birds in the hole so that they would fly up into the net. A few did this but in general this wasn't very successful. The birds tend to bounce off the underside of the suspended net & not get caught even though the net was hanging as loose as possible. Few birds could even be disturbed enough to drive them up as high as the net. Most remained on their perches. There appeared to be between 100 & 150 birds in the shaft. After some time we placed a mist net over the side hole also & then shined a strong light into the shaft. This immediately set the birds into flight & large numbers get caught, especially in the side shaft where there had been no net on the previous occasions when they had flown up & found the net across the main shaft. We removed the birds from the nets by about 8 PM, packed up & headed for the car. We

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161 Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 Feb. 16 Sagehen Creek, Calif., to Ravine Mtin., Nevada, to Berkeley, Calif. arrived at Berkeley at 2 A.M. The total loot for the trip was: 11 dead birds & 46 alive. Of the live ones 11 died in captivity in the days immediately following (4 on Feb. 17, 3 on Feb. 19, 1 on Feb. 20, 1 on Feb. 23; 1 on Feb. 24 & 1 on Feb. 26). Two of these were given to Ward Russell to make skeletons (those from Feb. 20 & 23, both tephroctis head type). Littoralis was the prevalent race: 6 of those shot, 5 died later & 20 remained alive for a total of 31 littoralis. Tephroctis head type: 4 shot; 6 died later, & 15 lived making 25. Else One bird that was shot had much of his head removed but it appears to be littoralis.

Journal 162 R.E. Johnson 1969 March 16 Berkeley, Calif. to Fallon, Nevada Left Berkeley a little after 4 p.m. Sky cloudy over the Bay Area & clouding up some in the Sierras. It had been clear & warm for several days preceding this. Followed Interstate 80 over Donner Pass, Ice Slated at Squaw Valley & then drove on east to Fernley & took US 95A & 50 through Fallon & camped near the Stillwater Jet. No snow seen so far along the highway in Nevada. Of course there was plenty of snow on Donner Pass, perhaps a record amount being well over the top of the truck. March 17 Fallon, Nevada to Baker, Nevada Drove on east on US 50. Saw few birds - only a small number of Horned Larks and one Raven before reaching Frenchman. A little further east the road begins to climb some & snow comes down along the road. The peaks are deeply covered. Horned Larks become a bit more common along the road. I saw 2 more Ravens & a Magpie before reaching Austin & 3 Magpies east of town. Also 3 Starlings & an English Sparrow in Austin. East of Austin summit the road descends through a Pion Juniper forest where I saw a number of Plain Titmouse and (squirrel?) and a Scrub-Jay. In the valley to the east (near Jct with Nevada 8A) I saw 2 Mtn Bluebirds, 1 Meadowlark, 1 English Sparrow (at some buildings) & one Say Phoebe. Further east the ground is again snowcovered (2-4 inches). There is a

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163 Journal R.E.Johnson 1969 March 17 Fallon, Nevada to Baker, Nevada large ranchyard (snow free) further east at the sight of the Bratine Ranch of the Eureka Ranch Co. Besides the 150 head of cattle there were Pintail + Mallard ducks, Meadowlarks, Horned Larks, Red-winged Blackbirds, Starlings, a Raven, 12 Oregon Juncos, a black-billed Magpie, 3 Mtn. Bluebirds, 2 Killdees, one English Sparrow, 1 Robin, 4 Green-winged Teal, 5 Cinnamon Teal + 1 Crow. Just east of this is a pond where 50 ducks (Pintail & Green-winged Teal mostly) & 20 Gulls (Calif. Gulls?) were feeding before I discovered them. They took flight immediately. Quite an oasis in this barren sage country! I reached Eureka (elevation 6837) at 11:30 AM and noticed 3 Rosyfinches just inside the city limits feeding near a pile of baled hay. There were also House Sparrows & Oregon Juncos present. Both L.t. tephrocestis & littoralis were present. I asked a man who lived across the street who owned that property & he said he did. After some discussion & warning by him that since I was inside the city limit the sheriff could arrest me, he gave me permission to collect his property. Just then his wife appeared screaming her head off that I couldn't do it. The husband disappeared and after some time she agreed that I could do it - it was my neck. She

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Journal March 17 Fallon, Nevada to Baker, Nevada only agreed she wouldn't call the sheriff. If someone else did then she may well have been on their side. Somehow the situation struck me as precarious. Who wants to spend the night in jail in Eureka?? So I went to see the sheriff. This required waiting until he returned from lunch. He was very sympathetic & wanted to help but was unsure what kind of trouble might arise if he gave me permission & then some local citizen called him in protest. I suggested he come along with me. He rounded up in the sheriff's car a deputy & the deputy drove me back to where I'd seen the birds. By now it was 2 PM, the Juncos had increased, the House Sparrows decreased & the Rosy Finches were gone! Meanwhile a Nevada Fish & Game man came by & stopped to see why I & the deputy were out there with a gun. Things now looked so official that no citizen would be apt to squawk but there were no birds. We then drove just out of town on a side road to some barns owned by the same man. Here I found a flock of 250-300 Rosy Finches! I collected 26. Six were littoralis, one was atrata (the only one

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R.E.Johnson 1969 March 17 Journal Fallon, Nevada to Baker, Nevada in the flock) & the remainder (14) had tephrocote like gray heads. At least two of these were wallowa or tephrocolis x atrata hybrids. all except the atrata were collected at random (9 shots were fired) & the proportion of races collected should represent a 10% random sample of the population. I could easily have collected many more but it didn't appear wise to push my luck with all the people concerned. The flock walked all around me & within 3 or 4 feet. At the first shot they rose into the air & acted as if to leave. By the 4th shot they totally ignored the shots & fed on as if nothing had happened. Bird collected 2:30-3:00 p.m. The snow on Pinto Summit (7376 ft.) just east of Eureka was 7 to 8 ft deep! By the time I reached Elly it was getting dark. There was little snow on the ground. I continued east on US50, then turned south to Baker where I visited & spent the night with Mike Hess & family (wife Pat, 2 girls: Kelly & Cory). Mike & I talked about rosy finches until 2 AM! Among the interesting points made by Mike were that Rosy Finches remain at Saltair (Utah) until mid May, long after French and King & Wales said

Journal 166 R.E. Johnson 1969 March 17 Fallon, Nevada to Baker, Nevada They had all left. Again unlike the observations of others Mike found the birds were 25% atrata at both Bacchus & Saltair in '67. Several years ago he took some temperature body data of Rosy Finches at the roosts at Bacchus at 8PM & 4AM. He had several quite low Tb's including one around 31° C. This correlates well with my data from the barn in South Park in Colorado. He loaned me this data. We also examined his data on fat scoring (he used 6 classes of fat) as related to snow cover & air temperature. The correlation with snow cover was best but not clear enough to be sure at all. It might take several winters to resolve the matter & there is little chance he can do school and it now that he's out of money working full time at the Fish Hatchery near Baker. He had a letter from Belle indicating that the latter had found an albino rosy finch this winter. Mike had collected a couple atrata - tephroctis hybrids near Saltair [or Bacchus?] & Behle was suggesting they write up these observations for a note.

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167 R.E. Johnson 1969 Journal March 18 Baker, Nevada to Grand Junction, Colorado The drive through Utah proved to be as boring & uneventful as usual - or worse since I didn't ice skate this time. I found no rosy finches. The route was US 50 to Delta, Utah, then Utah # 26 to Holden, then US 91 north Nephi, then Utah #'s 114-116 to Mt. Pleasant, then US 89 to Thistle, then US 61/50 through Price & Green River to Colorado. At Milburn (Sanpete County) I saw Black-billed Magpie, Red-winged Blackbirds, English Sparrow, Starlings, Meadowlarks, a Raven & a Northern Shrike. The snow was about a foot deep. From Milburn to Soldier Summit it rained lightly. Just west of Soldier Summit I saw a Pion Jay at 4:40 pm. Camped & cooked along the roadside east of Grand Junction a few miles. March 19 Grand Junction to Boulder, Colorado I started up the highway toward Glenwood Springs and it was soon clear that this engine was missing badly. It seemed unwise to continue, especially when such high passes lay ahead. I returned to Grand Jet to a GMC garage which immediately attended to my problem. I was on my way again before 8pm, after a complete tuneup. Snow covers the highest peaks around Grand Junction but there was none down near the

Journal R.E.Johnson 1969 March 19 Grand Junction to Boulder, Colorado highways. Nothing approaching 90% snowcover on the level was found until Eagle. By the time I reached there it was after 4:30 PM, meaning the rosy fincher had probably left for roost sites before I arrived. I did check several barn, hay & corral areas but saw only Junco's, Starlings & Magpies. It was a short blizzard [illegible] around the trail area, then a break in the clouds, then clouds over Loveland Pass, but clear to the east. I drove on to Boulder where I talked to Carl book & Kathy Bell until fairly late. Kathy suggested several places to check for Rosy Finchers in Nederland & I drove there & camped at 1:30 AM. March 20 Boulder & Nederland area to Denver, Colorado Up at 6:20 AM. Sky hazy with clouds. Breeze. No rosy finches at the laundromat area #1 or by the house up the hill west of town #2 but they were sitting above a house (#3) in a tree & on wires located n# of town & below the school. Initially (6:45 AM) there were 30 visible but within 5 minutes the numbers increased to 200 all in the air at once. They seemed to be arriving from behind me (w or nw). They circled & soared for several minutes & then flew at a rather high altitude west toward Cariboo (6:51 AM). I made the rounds again (of #1 & 2) & then returned & there were 15 more which were just leaving to the w or sw(7:20AM). I checked all the sites again, drove north

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R-E-Johnson 1969 Journal March 20 Boulder & Nederland & vicinity to Denver, Colorado, to Glacier Lake & back, then up the Cariboo Rd until drifted snow prevented passage; then checked the 3 sites in Nederland again (no birds) and stopped at the Washateria at 9AM to bring these notes up to date. I talked to the lady that runs the Washateria & while I was in her house (9:20 AM) a flock of 40 flew up & landed on the wires. They flew down to the ground, then back to the wires, then cast to the wires above the next house, then to the ground in front of that house & back to the wires again. They continued in this manner back & forth between wires & ground in front of the 2 houses for 15 minutes & then flew off to the west. They were mostly L.tephrocotis, but there were a few littoralis & at least one australis. Probably: 85% tephrocotis, 10% littoralis, 5% australis. The lady said they hadn't seen many for about a week & the larger flock that we just saw was the largest they'd seen this week. She said they hadn't put out any new feed (there was still some old seed visible on the ground & bird feeder) in several days since it appeared the birds were largely gone now. She usually get large flocks of blackbirds next. So far only a few have shown up this year. She said the rosy finches usually come very early in the morning & again late in the day just before dark. She said they get fewer now than several years ago, perhaps because a number of other people in the area feed them too, thus

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1969 March 20 Boulder & Nederland & vicinity to Denver, Colorado dispersing the flock somewhat. One day several years ago she estimated they had 2000 to 3000 birds all at one time. This year they here put out about 300lbs of seed which they buy in 100lb sacks at the Ideal Feed Store in Boulder. From her description it appears they do see a few sleek rose finches. She didn't [illegible] mind if I trapped or netted birds in her yard. (Cole & Snyders) She mentioned that two other families were feeding the birds south of here on Colo. Hwy 119 above the Eldora Road. Also they are often seen in flocks near the mill (below # 2). I next drove to the 2nd house [on hill] to talk to that lady but she was away (Mrs. Conner) but the lady in the next house up the hill was present & very helpful. She said Kathy had been up there looking at the birds too. She said the birds didn't show up until mid Dec & at first they fed early in the morning (6:30AM when she got up regularly the birds were always there) & late in the day. More recently they seem to be around at most anytime, for example 9-10 AM a few days ago when they were sledding and today during the same period. She said they usually flow in from the north (from the direction of #3 or perhaps the mines over that hill) & late in the day they returned to the north. She pointed out a green house below & across the creek where some people also feed them. She said Mrs Conner said she saw a black or a brown (?) one a day or two ago. Whichever it was was considered very unusual. Mrs Conners

R.E.Johnson 1969 March 20 Boulder & Nederland & vicinity to Denver, Colorado puts out feed for them regularly. I saw a flock of 80 of them on the wires above the Conners house. A partial count gave the following: 24 tephrocotis, 10 littoralis, + 2 australis. They came & went several times before 10:00 AM when there were 7 birds remaining in a tree above the feeder as I drove off. The birds seen coming & going appeared to be flying to the green house (mentioned above) or to house #3. At 12:15 PM I visited the green house & saw several feeders. There were Starlings, Red-winged Blackbirds, Stellara Jays, & Clark Nutcrackers using it. I spoke to the lady & she said that she hadn't seen Rosy Finches this week (earlier in the day I had seen some flew over her place but not land). She said they were present in Jan-early March and it sounded as if she only got small numbers of them compared to some of the other locations in Nederland. This could be because her house is not so much out in the open & there are more pine trees around which may mean she gets more big birds (jays & nutcrackers) which prevent the others from feeding. My first impression was that this lady knew little about also the birds & was afraid to talk much to a strange man, but this may not be so. She was about to leave & was in a hurry (all dressed up) & her comparative lack of interest in conversation could be related to this. The presence of Starlings is interesting. Kathy had just suggested last

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172 Journal R.E.Johnson 1969 March 20 Boulder & Nederland & vicinity to Denver, Colorado might that the presence of Starlings may prevent the presence of Rosy Finches. This lady said both that the Starlings had been here about a wk & that she hadn't seen Rosy Finches in about a week. I had wondered about this sort of mutual exclusion as I drove back from Colorado on my last trip where it seemed I never found rosy finches at dumps, where there were Starlings. or rancbes However I only saw Rosy Finches at 2 or 3 dumps & there were other bird species involved also, so that I felt I lacked enough data to draw any conclusion or even form Kathy's hypothesis. It's beginning to look more likely now. Next I visited site #3 at about noon. There were no birds present then but Mrs. Snarely said that they occur off & on all day & that all she has to do is pour more food out & the birds would show up. She then put food out & within 10 minutes there were 50 birds there. The birds came & went but it was clear that most groups were 8 or 10 to 1 of tephrocotis over littoralis. In the last group there were several brownies. She is anxious to help me catch some birds & will get up at 5:30am to let me in & help set up traps &/or nets for that purpose! Her husband is the local minister (Presbyterian). She said the birds first arrive in mid-January. They also have Pygmy Nuthatches (I saw 3), Stellers Jays, Clark's Nuthatchers, Mt'n Chickadees & occasional WB. Nuthatches. Next I drove south to Rollinsville & W. to Tolland & East

R.E. Johnson 1969 Journal 173 March 20 Boulder, Nederland + vicinity to Denver, Colorado Portal. At Tolland I found a flock of 40 rosy finches feeding in front of the cabin of Elsie Johnson at 2:30 PM. She said that in the early morning they number up to 200 birds. They are around all day & she can bring them in by putting more seed out & calling to them. The composition of the flock I saw was about 60% tephrocotis, 20% littoralis & 20% australis. On the return trip I found a flock of 40 at Rollinsville at 2:45 PM. Like the previous flock, australis appeared to be a significant percentage but due to the lighting & constant disturbance of the flock I couldn't make any accurate counts. Drove back to Boulder to see Kathy, then on to Denver to ice skate for 1/2 hr (too short), shower (let of trip) & etc. Niwot Ridge Ward Science Lodge Glacier Lake Caribou Barker Reservoir Eldora Nederland Colo 119 Boulder East Portal Tolland Rollinsville To Central City To Estes Park

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174 Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 March 20 Boulder, Nederland & vicinity to Denver, Colorado W N Rollinsville Green House Johnson W. Boulder mill hill Conner's = #2 Trailer Court Snavely's - #3 Ward Washateria #1 = Pryor's Barker Reservoir Boulder CRUDE MAP OF NEDERLAND

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175 Journal R. E. Johnson 1969 March 21 Boulder & Nederland, Colorado I drove up from Denver & Kathy from Boulder & we met at the Snarelys house at about 5:30 AM with the idea of netting the entire large flock of rosy finches on the Snarelys porch when they landed to feed just before 6 AM. Our plan required that there be little or no wind, but it was a windy day. We finally abandoned our idea & set out small live traps instead. By this method we obtained about a dozen birds. The Snarelys volunteered to continue trapping for me while I was away for a couple days so I left them some traps & cages. March 21 Boulder to Poncha Pass, Colorado We returned to Boulder, then drove south via Colorado 93 to Morrison & on to South Park via US 285. We visited the first ranch we had ever visited in South Park (Jan. 30, 1969 - referred to as #1) & obtained permission to trap rosy finches near the feeding troughs in the corrals. (3 Litoralis, 11 Tephrotes) We trapped 14 birds between 4:20 PM & 5:40 PM when the last individual disappeared, apparently to roost for the night. at about 5:45 PM we checked a barn east of Jefferson & found many Starlings & one Rosy Finch roosting. at 6:15 PM we stopped at location 3A (the barn of Jan. 30 & Feb. 7). There were many Starlings roosting but only 3 rosy finches. We also saw some Mtn. Bluebirds nearby (not roosting). We drove on & "camped" north of Poncha Pass.

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Journal 176 R.E.Johnson 1969 March 22 San Luis Valley to Boulder, Colorado We drove over Poncha Pass into the San Luis Valley where Kathy reported seeing flocks of australis a week or two ago. Just south of Alder we saw a flock of 100 Rosy Finches that appeared to be predominantly australis. We examined a couple ranch yards that are unused in winter & found no Rosy finches so we continued south (2.8 mi. S. of Alder on US 285) to the Bagwell Herford Ranch where Kathy had seen many Rosy finches recently. Now we saw no more than 15 total + never more than 4 or 5 at once. They appeared to be 2 to 1 in favor of australis over tephroscitis. Other birds present included Slate-colored Junco, Oregon Junco, Black-billed Magpie, Starlings & English Sparrows. We left at about 10:40AM without having collected any birds. We had tried placing traps to no avail. Other birds seen in the morning so far include: Mt'n Bluebird, Robin, Raven, Sparrow Hawk, Horned Lark, Meadowlark & Clay-colored Sparrow. (7.0 mi. S. of Alder) We visited another ranch further south at 11:20AM. We saw only 5 Rosy finches (tephroscitis). The rancher said there had been about 300 2 hours earlier on the hay stacks! We also saw White-crowned Sparrows, Magpies, Red-winged Blackbirds, Starlings, English Sparrows & Killdeer. We drove on south on US 285 to Saguache, Monte Vista & Alamosa, then north on Colo Hwy 17. The so. part of the valley had little snow & appeared poor habitat for Rosy finches. In some ponds SO. of Saguache we saw a pair of Mallards & 3 pairs of Pintail.

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Journal 177 R.E.Johnson 1969 March 22 San Luis Valley to Boulder, Colorado We returned to the last ranch visited (then 11:20 AM, now 3:40 - 4:00 PM) & saw only 3 rosy fincher (tephrocotis). We then went to the Bagwells & watched for finches as Mr Bagwell but out feed in the troughs. There were 3 or 4 present but they left before he had finished putting the feed out! We drove back through South Park & I collected one tephrocotis from the barn (#3A). Its TB = 36°C. Time = 10:35 PM. Drove back to Boulder late. March 23 Boulder to Nederland, Colorado Slept in, then drove to Nederland. Kathy went on a geology field trip today. I visited the Snarelys. They had captured large numbers of birds between March 21 & 23 and had released many but saved many also, particularly australis. I spent the afternoon sorting the birds they had obtained, building more cages & trapping more birds. One bird that they had kept was weak & nearly dead - I performed the mercy killing (a tephrocotis). The Snarelys kept records of the time of capture of all birds by race for each day. These are as follows: Friday - March 21. tephro litt aust. 10:50 AM 1 11:05 2 12:45 PM 2

Journal 178 R.E. Johnson 1969 March 23 Boulder to Nederland, Colorado Friday - March 21 (cont.) tephro litt. aust. atrata 12:50 PM 1 1:25 1 1 3:30 1 3:45 5 1 4:00 2 4:25 6 4:28 2 1 4:50 1 4:55 pm 2 Saturday - March 22 6:10 AM 3 3 6:22 5 1 7:15 3 7:25 1 2 8:10 3 8:25 3 1 1 8:28 2 8:30 1 8:43 3 2 10:06 2 1 10:30 1 12:50 PM 1 1 1:13 3 1 [1] seen 1:20 7 1:35 1

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179 Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 March 23 Boulder to Nederland, Colorado Saturday - March 22 Tephro litt. aust. atrata 1:40 PM 8 1 1:50 2 2 2:40 1 1 3:00 5 3:45 4 1 4:20 8 4:35 4 1 4:52 6 5:35 PM 1 Sunday - March 23 6:07 AM 6 1 6:17 1 6:28 + 1 6:30 1 6:35 3 6:47 14 3 6:50 7 4 6:52 5 7:48 4 7:56 1 8:00 2 8:05 3 1 8:10 1 [Traps Closed during church 8:30-11:15 AM] 11:37 AM 10

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R.E.Johnson 1969 Journal 180 March 23 Boulder to Nederland, Colorado Sunday - March 23 Tephro litt. aust. atrata 12:40 PM 1 12:47 1 12:50 1 1:00 8 1:55 1 2:00 1 2:16 1 3:15 4 3 3:37 4 3:40 1 3:43 4 3:55 1 1 4:00 7 1 (Snow Flurry, birds fly off & not seen again Sunday) Total 191 36 8 0 81.3% 15.3% 3.4% Comparative Data From March 20 Washateria #1 85% 10% 5% Conner's #2 66.7% 27.8% 5.59% I spent the evening as a chaperone at a young people's meeting (or activity night) at the church (Nederland Community Presbyterian Church) and then slept on the couch just inside the windows from the Snarely's bird feeders.

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181 Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 March 24 Nederland, Tolland, Rollinsville, Boulder, Colorado It starts getting noticeably lighter at 5:30 AM + by 5:55 AM we had all traps full of rosy finches, sometimes several to a trap. Records for the morning follow: tephr. litt. aust. atrata 5:50 AM 20 3 0 6:15 2 0 1 6:23 8 3 1 6:25 6 0 2 6:47 11 1 1 6:55 7 1 7:01 6 1 7:18 8 1 7:35 2 9:10 4 1 === = = === === totals for 24th 72 12 4 2 80% 13.3% 4.5% 2.2% totals for all days at snarelys 263 48 12 2 80.9% 14.8% 3.7% 0.6% We somehow managed to trap the only two atrata seen this morning. The Snarelys showed considerable interest in banding rosy finches, so I will attempt to get them in touch with the right people to facilitate this.

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182 Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 March 24 Nederland, Tolland, Rollinsville, Boulder, Colorado address: Rev. Donald L. Snavely Nederland Community Presbyterian Church P.O. Box 437 Nederland, Colorado 80465 Don & Terrie have 7 children: Marilyn (17), Karen (15), Phyllis (13), Daniel (12), Janice (10), John (6), & Mark (4\frac{1}{2}). I drove to Tolland to see if I could catch some additional australis but Elsie Johnson was not home and I saw no rosy finches. I returned to Rollinsville & visited Mrs. Crow who lives in the house where I noted rosy finches on March 20. She said she hadn't seen any today. We did see a flock of 30 fly by to the SE. She said the first birds arrive in mid November but no large flocks until later on. I returned to Boulder to see Kathy & buy more bird feed, etc. Addenda: It was 18°F at 6:30 AM in Nederland. 3 capture birds died - (2 tephrocotes, 1 campestres). March 25 Boulder to South Park to Poncha Pass, Colorado Camped on the front truck seat. Fed & watered birds before 8AM, saw Kathy & Carl & received a card from Mike Hess indicating he had 11 atrata, 2 tephrocotes &

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183 Journal R.E Johnson 1969 March 25 Boulder to South Park to Poncha Pass, Colorado 1 littoralis for me. Finally left Boulder at a little of 1PM & drove to Denver for Dry Ice. Next drove to South Park & stopped at the 1st ranch south of Jefferson which is the headquarters of the South Park Cattle Company (#2 location of my Jan-Feb Colorado trip). I saw 1 atrata in the corals so I ran & got my gun. When I returned it was gone. Instead I saw & collected 4 tephracolis, 1 australis, & 1 littoralis between 5PM & 5:30 PM. I talked to the manager of the company for awhile about rebellious college students, politics & the local cattle feeds in South Park & then drove on to location 3 where I collected 4 tephracolis by shooting down cliff swallow nests inside a barn. Data below: Time T.B. 8:05 PM 36.2°C 8:17 35.4 8:43 34.2 8:50 37.2 I again visited barn 3A & found 3 rosy finches roosting as well as a few Starlings (less than on the previous visit on March 22). Data follows: Time T.B race 7:32 PM 36.2° australis 7:37 PM 37.2 tephracolis 7:42 PM 38.4 atrata I drove on to Poncha Pass area & spent the night

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R.E.Johnson 1969 Journal 184 March 25 Boulder to South Park to Poncha Pass, Colorado in the same location as on March 21. March 26 Poncha Pass To Saguache to Wolfe Creek Pass to Durango to Grand Junction, Colorado & on to Price, Utah area Completed feeding & watering my zoo at 8:25AM. There was one dead Tephrocotis collected in Nederland. Drove over the pass & into San Luis Valley, stopping at ranches no. & so. of Alder. Stopped again at The Bagwell Ranch at 8:45 AM. No rosy finches present. Saw English Sparrows, Magpies, Starlings & Mtn Bluebirds. Went on to the next ranch we had visited on March 22 (7.0 mi. s. of Alder) and saw Magpies, Ravens, English Sparrow, Red-winged Blackbird, Mtn. Bluebird & Horned Larks. There were only two rosy finches which I collected(both Tephrocotis) at 7:45 AM. shot The ground was much drier & there is very little snow left in this part of the valley. South of here the drive is not through likely rosy finch country (no snow). The road climbs again from Monte Vista to Wolfe Creek pass (10,850) & there was 5-0% snow cover on the valley floor at South Fork. I stopped at a couple ranches & saw only one bird - a Song Sparrow - at 11:45 AM. Continued driving on west up toward Wolf Creek pass & encountered a flock of 12 rosy finches along the roadside. All were Brown-capped Rosy Finches & 2 of these were collected at 12:20 PM. The location was 6.0

R.E. Johnson 1969 Journal 185 March 26 Poncha Pass, Colorado to Price, Utah area (cont.) highway miles e. of Wolf Creek Pass on US Hwy 160. The country was generally timbered except for the road right-of-way. Snow was 1-2 feet deep & no bare ground except at roadside. Sunny, warm, partly cloudy. The scenery around the pass & down the San Juan River to the west was excellent (took several photos). I stopped at the first ranch on the floor of the valley after I descended & promptly got stuck in the mud. All the king's horses & all the king's men & one [the 2nd truck] International Scout pulled it out. Birds included Magpies, Ravens, Red-winged Blackbirds & a Hairy Woodpecker. I reached Pagosa Springs (7108 ft.) at 2PM & saw Western Bluebirds & Robins. At a ranch west of town I saw Ravens, Crows, Magpies, Starlings, Oregon Juncos, Western Bluebirds, Red-winged Blackbirds & English Sparrows. I believe there were also Mtn Bluebirds along the roadside but can't be certain. Reached Durango at 4PM and turned north on US550 through Silverton (9302 ft.), which lies isolated high & isolated -- between Molas Divide (10910) & Red Mtn Pass (11018 ft.). Everything was buried in snow & beautiful through this section of Colorado. Took many pictures but saw no Rosy finches. It was dark by the time I reached Ouray. Mountains of the La Planta & San Juan ranges surely have breeding populations of rosy finches judging from the rugged

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Journal 186 R.E. Johnson 1969 March 26 Poncha Pass, Colorado to Price, Utah area (cont.) terrain above timberline. I continued north through Montrose & Delta to Grand Junction, then west on US 6 & 50 through Price, Utah & camped by the roadside east of Soldier Pass. March 27 Price, Utah area to Berkeley, California Birds fed & watered & on my way at 7:30 A.M. Noted Starlings on Soldier Pass. Continued north toward Provo to Springville & then turned SW through Eureka, Utah to Baker, Nevada where I picked up 11 atrata, 2 tephrocotis & 1 littoralis which Mike Hess collected for me at Bacchus, Utah for me on March 19, 1969. Actually the birds were collected by a fireman, John Murray, on the grounds of the Hercules Powder Company. Mike had made a special trip up there immediately after my visit to him in Baker on March 18 & he had gotten Murray to obtain the birds in a burlap bag. I left Mike with 6 Colorado caught birds (3 littoralis & 3 tephrocotis) to use for Zygmute studies. I later recalled that King & Wales had shown that this does not occur in Leucosticta. The drive across Nevada was especially beautiful today because of the clear sky, silvery mountain peaks, gushing streams where there were usually dry washes & large lakes where there were usually dry lake bed deserts. Slept beside the road

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K.E. Johnson 1969 Journal. 187 March 27 Price, Utah area to Berkeley, Calif. for 1/2 hours near Davis, Calif., then continued in to Berkeley arriving at 4 AM rather blurry eyed & wishing I had not spent 3 hours with Mike Hess earlier that day, even though that visit had been very profitable. He had suggested several good references on determining plumage color ~~ ~~~ among other things. Now I only need 20 hours sleep to catch up!

Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 March 30 Bay Farm Island Cool, sunny, scattered clouds, breeze from the west off the bay. I drove out to Bay Farm Island in the afternoon, arriving at 3:30 PM, just to get some fresh air, sun, & relaxation without the pressures of purpose & time limitations. I stopped beside a stretch of estuary between Bay Farm & Alameda Islands where there were many ducks in the water. The tide appears to be in & no shore birds were initially apparent. Scaup were the most abundant duck, but there were also some Ruddy Ducks floating singly near the raft of Scaup & a few Mallards (8?) on an island of salicornia. A few coots were in the area & a few females & 2 males Red-breasted Mergansers were toward the far side of the estuary. Starlings, Red-winged Blackbirds & Gulls flew over regularly. A Killdeer ran in short bursts here & there on a green lawn feeding. W.C Sparrows, & a Golden-crowned Sparrow & a Brewer's Blackbird fed along the uncut margins. Back in the estuary I noticed a single male Bufflehead, a Canada Goose (a smaller race) & several Canvasback. A Meadowlark sang from a phone wire behind me. The goose floated alone and gradually came toward me looking me over thoroughly until he was much closer than any of the others had been, finally he turned & sailed away but still never fully turned his back on me. He seemed to have a favorite cove in the Salicornia where he liked to feed & float. Two Barn Swallows flew high above the water calling then dropped close to the water & flew there irregular course.

Journal R.E.Johnson 1969 March 30 Bay Farm Island The goose returned for a second look & several love Ruddy Ducks came closer now. Never have I seen the metallic light blue bills of the males more clearly. A Pintail (D) appeared beyond them. Suddenly the goose took flight with a light squack which ended as soon as it began. Twice I imagined I saw a small grebe disappearing below the surface but if so it must have been trying to escape the sunshine for constant watching never found it in full view. Across the road on the golf course Robins stood poised, ready to pounce & then suddenly ran while in short bursts. Brewers Blackbirds walked more deliberately & slowly. House Finches were common in the trees and a single Mockingbird was seen. It twice pursued & displaced a male Robin from its feeding place but proved no match for the robins speed of flight. A single Water Pipit fed on the lawn. Several Mourning Doves flew over & landed on a phone wire. The golfer streamed by, mostly making drives that covered no more distance than a put. This hole must be averaging 12 strokes! With any luck at all, it looks like 3 strokes would handle it nicely. At 5pm I stopped near the draw bridge at Maitland St. where there was an exposed mud flat. A Willet fed in the shallow water & a Black-bellied Plover (in molt to black belly) fed slowly on the exposed mud. A Pied-billed Grebe floated a short distance off shore. Two Coots swished

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 March 30 Bay Farm Island their bills along moving parallel to the shore in shallow water a yard off shore. One Dowitcher stood on one leg with bill tucked under wing & another probed in the mud. A Long-billed Curlew could be seen down the shoreline. A Dunlin lit & probed briefly, then flew on. In the other direction an army of Western Sandpipers probed a mud flat.

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188 Journal R.E.Johnson 1969 April 11 Berkeley, Calif. to Peavine Mtn., Nevada & Squaw Valley, Calif. Left Berkeley at 11:30 AM in a UC station wagon & drove straight through to Reno over Interstate 80. Bought gas & a few groceries and then drove to the mine shaft on Peavine Mtn where I captured live birds on Feb. 16, arriving lower at 3:30 PM. There is no snow remaining on the south slope of the mountain and the road & ground is very dry allowing me to drive all the way to the mine shaft. The Sierras to the west are deep & glistening with snow but only 2 very small snow patches can be seen high on Peavine Mtn as viewed from the mine. Other patches can be seen from the highway, & from Reno it appears that the north slope may have some snow. Still the impression is one of dry midsummer in sagebrush country — hardly where one would expect to find rosy finches. The sky is clear, the sun very warm, but the air temp. is cool (18°C in shade). I threw many rocks down the shaft & got no response. During the next couple hours I occasionally heard a Say’s Phoebe in the nearby Ponderosa pine and once a yellow-bellied Sapsucker. Three cycles rood up the road beside the barbed wire fence to the east. Patches of flowering (white to deep pink) Onion decorated the stoney ground. I took several pictures of these & the shafts. At 5:45 PM the sun was still up but its intensity began to decrease due to the haze in the west. An Antelope Ground Squirrel dashed across the tailinge pile beside the mine. The sun completely disappeared below the horizon at 6:01 PM. Its still quite light however & rosy finches could be feeding in the sun in other locations. The

189 Journal R.E.Johnson 1969 April 11 Berkeley, Calif. to Peavine Mtn., Nevada & Squaw Valley, Calif. Higher parts of Peavine Mtn. are still in the sun. Local weather data 71°F max & 29° F min. in Reno. Mosquitos are common on Peavine Mtn after sunset! Left the shaft at 6:20 PM while it was still light enough to drive out over the rough road by natural light. It seems very unlikely that rosy finches would return to the shaft later than this. I drove around to the north side of the mtn & up the road to the summit. The road was open (no locked gate) and freshly plowed. Road cuts were up to six feet. The road over to the mine shaft near the top had not been plowed & since it was 7:30 PM I didn't like over to shaft but planned to revisit it on a subsequent day. Drove back to Squaw Valley & slept in the car. April 12 Squaw Valley, Calif. & Peavine Mtn., Nevada Clouds pouring in over the ridge from the west & high winds. Some lifts including the Gondola lift were not opened because of the wind. I road the Cable Car up the mtn & then snowshoed from there (arrived at 11AM.) to the top of Emigrant Pk. Subsequently I followed the main ridges north & south hunting for rosy finches feeding on the snow or in bare areas & snow edges. The snow was deep (up to 10+ ft.) on the east side of the ridge, but blown free along the ridge top & in many places down the west slope. It was in the latter areas that I saw & collected birds two years

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Journal R.E.Johnson 1969 190 April 12 Squaw Valley, Calif., & Peavine Mtn., Nevada ago but later in the season. Today the wind made hiking difficult & probably also would prevent rosy finches from feeding here. Plants (with one exception) were not even beginning to turn green & resume obvious growth or activity. Finally I crossed the ridge again onto the east slope & stumbled onto a pair of feeding rosy finches on a patch of bare ground about half down from the top of the Emigrant Lift toward the Shirley Lake Lift. The latter was operating & very busy so that collecting was a bit inadvisable but I tried it anyway & obtained both birds. Another was seen feeding further down toward the Shirley Lift & would have been impossible to collect without being seen & heard. I snowshoed down past the top of the Gondola Lift where I met Carol (Denny's old roommate) & then hiked (no snowshoes) down to the valley on the ski runs. In route I met a ski instructor who knew some bird watchers was familiar with rosy finches. He (Paul Arthur) said to contact him & he'd get me free tickets up the mtn. when I wanted to go up next! Drove back to Reno & up to the top of Peavine Mtn (left Squaw at 4 PM & arrived on top at 5:15 PM). Hiked over snow (1-4 ft deep) to the shaft. The ground around the shaft was completely bare (windblown), but the shaft was totally obstructed by snow about 6 feet down. There were no rosy finches present & no doubt none could use it in this condition.

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R.E. Johnson 1969 Journal April 12 Squaw Valley, Calif. & Peavine Mtn, Nevada I wonder if the birds only appear at the lower shaft after the upper one is plugged??! Of course now there are more at either location. Drove back to Squaw Valley & ice skated. Many (5) Berkeley skaters showed up! Tomorrow morning I may try snowshoeing up Mt. Rose if the weather permits. April 13 Squaw Valley, Calif. to Berkeley, Calif. Beautiful clear weather in the morning, cloudy in the afternoon. I drove to the pass (8930 ft.) on the Mt. Rose Road and hiked over the snow west then northwest for about 1 1/2 map miles following a ridge top to & beyond its high point (9880 ft.). Beyond this point the route looked a bit depressing. I had climbed nearly 1000 ft. & now I would have to descend half of that & then re-climb another 1000 ft.. This would be followed by another descend (-700 + ft.) and another climb of 1000 ft. feet. Ordinarily this would have been an energizing thought, but now it was not. I have had little real exercise all winter & suddenly I had started in by ice skating hard plus yesterday's snowshoeing & all this had taken its toll. I felt much too tired at this early stage in the climb to contemplate continuing at the same pace all day & that would be necessary to complete the trip in the daylight leaving time to look for rosy finches. Also my face was already burnt to a crisp from the sun & wind yesterday & today's radiation load was

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Journal R.E. Johnson 1969 April 13 Squaw Valley to Berkeley, Calif. even greater. With all this in mind I contented myself to visually explore quicker & more direct routes to Mt. Rose, take a few pictures & then hike back to the car. I drove back to Squaw Valley & attempted to ice skate. This confirmed my impressions that I was indeed very tired. I then drove back to Berkeley, arriving at 8 pm.

Journal R.E.Johnson 1969 May25 Briones Regional Park Drove from Berkeley via Tilden Park and arrived at 3:00 PM. Clear warm day. Hiked straight up the dirt road up canyon to the divide & then turned north following various ridges & fire trails north & west again. Retraced the route with small deviations to the divide & followed the road down the east side to a paved road. Returned again to the divide and returned to the car at 6:30 PM. Could see the moth-ball fleet & etc very clearly today. Rather unusually clear & beautiful. Most of the area I passed through is grassland, but there are extensive areas of brush on the north slopes of many ridges & there are trees along the canyon bottoms & lower north slopes. The primary purpose of the hike was to get some sun & exercise but the following birds were noted: Lark Sparrow, Brown Towhee, Rufous- sided Towhee, Lazuli Bunting, Black-headed Grosbeak, House Finch (pair building nest 3 ft. above ground in thistle in grassland on so. slope), Horned Lark, Meadow Lark, White-breasted Nuthatch, Plain Titmouse (one had nest in end of hollow rotten branch of oak tree, 20 ft. above ground), Bush Tit, Western Bluebird, Red-winged Blackbird, Sparrow Hawk, Red-tailed Hawk, Turkey Vulture, Valley Quail, Mourning Dove, Raven, Calif. Jay, Orange-crowned Warbler, Violet-green Swallow, Cliff Swallow, White-throated Swift, Wren Tit, Oregon Junco

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