Field notes, New England, undated

Foerste, Aug. F (Aug. Frederic), 1862-1936

Unknown

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Geology Paleontology

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U. S. GEOLOGICAL SURVEY 9-896

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Dr. F. W. Howard, St Paul Dr Bedf'd, Cnty't., J John Jackson Toughwood Baptist Ch. [illegible]

Sandstone Irongray Calc. S.S. Subcrystalline st. Ophileta Beds. Trilobite bed + Conglomerate Rhynchonellids + Striped Stratum Sparry Limestone Great Central States Potsdam. Up. Potsdam. Low. Calc. Calajeras. Quebec Chazy. Trenton. Huda Riv.

East Creek fl. S. Limestone conf. contact. mag. quartz, with schist. quartz and quartz, to cement + quartzite conf. cont. schist. conf. contact ? Limestone m Otter Creek fl. N.

1+3. W S (shales) a b c d e S(hales) E Chazy 2049 limestone- fossiliferous reds. 2. Machrea. West Rutland Valley.

West Rutland Valley. Fossils in S.W. part of valley, just N. of an old abandoned quarry, the most northern one on the west side of the valley, where the rock is grayer than that of the center belt. Dis- tinct and abundant fos-sils. Some sent to Billing. Pleurotomaria staminea, crowded Pleurocystites tenuiradiatus. Chazy. The Cystidean a safe guide. Fossils in central belt, a place S. of R.R. Literally full offossils. Worm surface crow-ded with white spots. {Crinoid disks. Maclureas. Chazy, 3-4" Worm surface crowded with spiral and other forms of half obliterated shells. Chazy Well known Chazy Maclurea.

1+3. Fossils The eastern border first east

Fossils. The eastern border, just east of the marble quarries was not found to be fossiliferous in the short time Dana ex amined them on his visit. Just E of the large marble quarries Mr Wing found two large convoluted shells, with a {Murchisonia of moderate size. Convoluted shells. large. two speci. Remarks. This does not prove the eastern limestone to be Chazy, nor does it prove the existence of an anticlinal fold as shown in the figure on the preceding page. Fossils occur in the grey lime- stones. Fossils, about 3 mi. S.W. of West Rutland, in town Ira, + within "great Cen- tral belt of slates" two limestone outcrops according to Verm. Geol. Reps. page 432 {Encrinal disks, + shells resembling Euomphalus, in form.

Sudbury Limestone. Fossils in Hubbardton, 10 mi. S. E. of Sud- bury, + half n-ay to West Rutland, in a limestone band 180 feet wide, in the heart of the "great central slates", Trinucles, a Trenton fossil. Fossils in West Castleton, one or two mi. North of slate quarries of West Castleton. Trinucles, a Trenton fossil Fossils in Sudbury 1 1/2 mi. S. of the village. on the land of Clark Morton [1877] in blocks of a stone wall, and in s. th. Trinucles + 20 species more by Billing Trenton.

E Orwell, Shoreham, Whiting, Cornwall Fossils, on E side of slate in E Corn- -wall determined by Billings. East Cornwall east of Dr. Por- ter's residence also a loc- cality farther north in the limestone. Stenopora fibrosa Stenopora petropolitana Escharopora recta ? Trinucleus or Harpes, part finm, Orthis Strophomena Rhynchonella Orthoceras Trenton, no doubt. East Cornwall N. & S of town. "Rhynchonella bds" full of fossils. Trilobite pygidia Machurea, large Orthis Encrinal disks etc.

Fossils in East Cornwall half a mile S. (of Tom Thinks) Bathyrus Saffordi Quebec Group, (Rhynchonella) beds? West Cornwall near W. border, 3 mi. West of S. of West Cornwall and 3 1/2 mi. E of Shoreham. in the Colian limestone. "Trilobite bed", identified Billing Asaphus canalis Asaphus Asaphus Bathyrus conicus spines34 Bathyrus maclurea matutina Convoluted shells Calciferons Shoreham E. village, upper limest. Bathyrus extans. Birdseye 4. Columnaria alveolata BL Riv. l. Trinucleus concentricus. Trenta

Fossils in Bridgeport in southern part, near J. Barbour's residence, fossils similar to Bascot's ledge, are there found in Barbour's ledge. Asaphus canalis many pyg. Bathyuri' and in an overlying bed, Maclurea matutina both convoluted shells and Trilobites. "Rhynchonella brio" extend from West Cornwall to 1 or 2 mi. S. of Orwell, a distance of 15 to 18 mi. in Orwell in higher limestone immediately Wd. & underlying the "sparry limestone" is Petraia profunda? Steropora fibrosa Stenopora Petropolitana Birdseye may be.

Fossils in Orwell, at bottom of hill, 1/2 mi. N.E. of village. where the sparry limestone is fully developed, at base of sparry limestone. Maclurea large. chazy. Higher up at same locality are obscure fossils, at top near the slate occur distinct bivalves, Receptaculites Neptuni; Trenton "Sparry Limestone" Shoreham. N.Eastern part. 2 miles N.of Shoreham village. A ledge Called 'Mutton Hill'; The rocks in ascending order are 1. Light gray embedded Sandstone. in beds 6" to 2'-3' thick. So a eight feet at top honeycombed with Scolithus linearis Potsdam. 310 feet

2. Dark iron grey, feebly calcareous sandstone or quartzite. With fucoids. Upper Potsdam. Upper Potsdam 200' 3 Subcrystalline limestone. Orthoceras small. Encrinal discs Lower Calciferous 20'-25' 4 Dark greenish fine-grained SS. Lower 12'o 15' perforated with small scolithi (S. minutus) Scolithus minutus The rest interstratified with dolomitic limestone, holding Ophileta compacta Ophileta complanata Maclurea Orthosina trilobite te. Calciferous. See next page.

5 in a second fold. 1,2,3,4 are again shown. No 3 is more than 20' thick, holding: pyg. of Bathyurus. shell like Holopea. Orthoceras primigenium. 0000006 000000 0000000 c. 0 Maclurea. Lower Calceferons No 4 contains. Scotthus minutus Palaeophycus arcuatus with abundant Caliceferous. No 5 or Trilobsta bed + coral containing below = dark bluish sandstone quartzite with green platy seams. containing Fucoids then is't 15' of siliceous limestone holding a few small trilobrites &. then a conglomerate made up of flat rounded pebbles of quartzite, tuff, paste sometimes limestone Slag.

seams of holding Orthosina towards bottom of trilobite small, and at top Maclurea sordida Maclurea matutina in crowded abundance. This conglomerate may generally be traced along the side of great slate belt without aid of fossils. Quebec Group. In fold No 4, at Bazlons ledge 1,2,3,4 & 5 occur again. This is east of Mutlar Hill. The lower part of No 5 contains Azaphne or in full force. No 6 in the Rhynchonella bed furnishes no fossils in this fold but in fold 5 contain 'real' or supposed Rhynchonella. Rhynchonella No 7 into Sparry limestone, No 8. Great belt of slate.

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Limestones with Clewells Cambrian fossils. Stissing Mt. in N.E. Dutchess County, New York. Hyolithellus unicavus in the limestone layer imme- diately abov the sandstone Clewells, Thompsons in the sandstone itself 50 ft. below St. Stuyversant NW Columbia County NY. In limestone 5' thick plenty fossils. slate above and slate, quartzite and limestone breaths, in rather rapid changes.

Among the outlying places there is the limestone on Sachimes Creek, Berkshire Station, on road from N. Adams to Pittsfield. On this creek there are in the bank at various places flaggy limestones some blue very near the quartzite. with Prof Wolff. Upper limestone on Snyglocke. with Dale. limestone mes. with Whittle on west flank of Bear Mountain, principally in conglomerate. Also limestone in core farther east. Limestones on east flank of Horse range from Plymouth to Reeds bury. Rep. J. Dale. Whittle in Plymouth Valley. Driverson on Calaveras Maria schist.

Soldier's Home Entrance 180 Eaton pike Clinton top 30 2 10 " " " Springfield base 20 2 30 " " Top 17.5 ft 2 47\frac{1}{2} " " Clinton top 45 185 Soldier's Home Entrance 25 = 160 Home = 980 While at the quarry the wind sud- denly went down. Probably the best,

D+M depot 20 Tadmore 85 Tippecanoe 106 (112) Section between Tipp & Tany mi cars 116 Tony in cars (122) Tny depot standing Base of Dayton L. 114 Hatters Anway Penns s Piqua 155 Clinton km. S. of Piqua along street electric RR. 160 Chaenopora magna Delaennus Daytonensis glabella Ipomaea cral Neliolites? in le 888 888 shank coral catenipora RR level P'qua 170+ chain canal catenipora (Blinter Pachydietya bifurcata typical X140 Strophoranema patenta Swist Clinter exposed 137A Highest Clinter exposed 15.6 Clintm thickness 19 base of Clinten as exposed peculiar beneath-142 Belling ready to rain. sphere. Base of Dayton L. 162 To river level, Clinton present still 147

16.5 27 192 base 169 Clint. 27 192 1014 85 Tadmore. D+M depart 945 20 65 69 1045 106 Tippecanoe+ 1945 20 86 100 rising tar, effect of heat 1038 116 Section + 945 20 96 93 1050 122 114 in cars 94 on track 945 20 105 102 Trry+ 706.2 Hyphman + from 155 142 Edwards Base of Daytona 135 Statler's Quarry + 4 12 mi- S. of Pitts. 160 upper Clinton, 20 2 S of J n + 4 140 near Pogue 156 highest Clinton + 20 136

Base of D ayml. Hoffmant Hone 170 Opposite Staller's quarry mi S P'gna. Farmites Niagaraensis small Ting depot x50 section betw Ting + Tuppercoral x38 Tuppercove rising bal. x45+ effects of heat? Tadmore x14 Daytan RR depot D+M, 945 93 86 96 93 96 38 38 33 20 20 ----- ----- ----- ----- ----- 125 129 129 33 33 135 140 .27 .27 ----- ----- ----- ----- 40 173 179 Daytan Glen fossilifera near P'gna, 192 173 155 196 179 Tadmore's Section Stallos, Mark Allen

218 111 107 231 100 131 Germant, jpike C. face Narrows S W culvert. 218 127 91 Clinton face Narrows N W culvert. 127 NW culv. 111 SW culv. 16' 82 SW cal 69 steepst fall 13 1069 steepest fall 991 RR crossing 78 100 86 14 1086 998 88 1075 998 77 16 13 80 109 feet total thicken C in expres 91 200 - (115) 224)total thk between from base of Clinton to face of Cinc.

Soldiers Home Street RR entrance 180 - 178 " " face of Dayt on lowest pt = 220 " " top of Clinton Eand 230+ " " Steel RR entrance 176+ Bermsantim pike quarry 218 " "/4 mi. SE q quarry, 218 along E & W road, clinton base 218 clint in size east ward next at Soldiers Home Varnas culvert W of Dist No 6 school house 127 " " culvert SW of Dist No 6 111 after school ... 82 Varnas deepest fall near bridge (59 " " RR crossing) 991 Varnos steepest fall (70 " " RR crossing 998 " " Steepest fall 86 " " SW of Dist No 6 100 Bermsantim pike clinton base 231

street our entrance Soldiers Home (182) 179 Swartzbaugh quarry top of Cl. - 215 About 16 miles above Base is found a layer 12 miles thick with the small Atropa reticularis. Mung's quarry Semin. pike far off 218 Atropa reticularis, common. 2.53 PM Base of Clinton 1/4 mi. S E of Smith (218) 217 304 First Cincinnati exp. (117) 132 (307) afterm. 320 Base of Cine. exp. in bottom valley 2.0 b.

1238 1214 Ocell. 1227-8 Bedded 1221 1228 2 34 24 10 4 4 4 224 76 6 . 4.

9:30 10:00-0 Xenia pike Todd's Fork base of Dayton (-1032) 10:31 base of green layer 10:25 pebbles / large / small marked (-1022) 10:22? SW of [illegible] base of Clinton at section 987-990 once 986 base of Clinton west of Pike 10:23 top of blue clay layer 10:15 - 10:17 bottom of the clay layer (-1100?) 10:02 Corner Millington 2.00 11:23 After dinner Atto RR station Wilmington 11:18 Farmers Station 11:85 Clinton SE of Farmers' St. 11:87 highest exp. in bank Alexander's quarry 12:02 base of Dayton, Sharpe's Quarry base 12:00 - 11:98 Alexander's Quarry 12:50 Sharpe's Quarry Base of Clinton NE 12:37-8 of the Quarry face of Dayton 12:38 Clinton Cml at line 12:38

1075 207 868+ Avellana Oaxtlem 1307 1100 207 846 62 758+ Daybo Oatles 1138 12.00 62 990 1130 1200 980 18 x 26 11 x 46 13 37

Strongly bedded + in aren 1221 1214 A little up the main creek is a pebble 20 x 9 inches of the chert faecl. clint wth Rh. acinus Orth. elongata Calym. vyzdei Oall. Orth. hifnata long. Shrt tail 4 side pl. About 1 1/2 feet above Vanth's creek The bedding line above is strongly by marked but uneven, Good pebbles, blue fine-grained Ch. immistakable. 7 x 1 1/2 inches x3 = 1828 face of chint m. 1210- 1212 top of clintm a rather face 1238 W. Dayton at Sharps quarry 25 face of Dayton Alexander's quarry 1239 (11.30) Lynchburg R.R station 1178 Hillsbor (1.30) 1307 1308 Rocky Fork expre way 1162 Dayton. Highest point at Bonville 1358

Potatoes 1250-58

Berryville P.O. Middle town Base of Dayton First enough ferruginous good. This one class is in reality only 15 inches below the Day ton if, that much. At first fence At second fence 48" up to first flinty layer, then 22-24 inches to top of the flinty set exposed above but the spring exposure, Septacena sericea in bottom layer of Clinton. Base of Dayton 3rd fence 2nd fence 1st " Base of Clinton 1310 1102 1090 1085- 1082 1075 1060 24/48/ 1139 1138-best? 1137 1123 1122- 2 ½ feet 1120 1115 too much-1100-too much 1103

vary below Winchester 56 6 7/8 12 3 IV 97 945 152 pebble Clinton top lagy? other face limit? n. clinton Medina 72" flinty hardish shale 5-6 feet+ 13 37 4 13 26 11

Brush Creek at Kelley's Well, Medina 3 1/2 mi from Belfast SE about 1 1/2 mi NW of Sneed Clinton Lake (1095) 1093 Perbles 2.15 1200 Base of Dayton 1345 9 in. clear m. - Eli State, large pores hardly - separated. - Chain Coral - Favosites Niagarensis - Arthrus elegans? - " bifurcata - Arthrus Daytonensis grandituberosus - Calyptraea Vodyesi - Large penteliform coral Base of Dayton (1337-1335) 1337 Top of blue shales 40 1297 Cliff Masters N. D. Carson W. Hotel Winchester Putnam + Bredele 1321 13 26 12 70

Peebles RR stat. 1170 RR'ital 1178 wave marks NTS, 1150 at beginning of RR tressel 1137 End of tessel by if burnmshales 1126- shales aln & clint dist ance abve 1091 endy shales 990 1090 rubby stme! face of Daytn l, 1037 face of Clintan 1200 " "Daytn 1040 station 1142 Clinton base 1000 Daytn " 1037 1040 rubby st. Shalls base 1090 } " top 1126} -736 Springfield ? face ? 1137, Wave marks 1150 Peebles RR stat. 1178 . 1142 1st (1170) Clinton 178 - 142

Peebles, R R station 1188

Ball unit mother. Washam not working much. Olive trees. 128/8 = 8 1/2 rules. 12)136(11 1/3 feet about - Cyclina interruptus - Striglemma chubridalis, - Atrypa scabrosalis, shrive form - Alcodietra brundung from g.? - Branching Stratopora typical Jrod - Rhinopora fundosa. Chain coral branching thin wallmine species. Cincinnati 1st ledge 8 inches containing Ortius occidentalis, abundant both valves + bryozoa Cincinnati, midland by the shale.. There are chert beds about 20 feet below the top of Cincinnati.

Upper rocks begin with bottom layer 14 inches thick from bottom up including the 14" ledge is 4 1/2 rocks. 67/2 12|72" 6 ft. On top 50 in of quarried rock to first thin chart 2" 15 in of quarried rock to second thin chart 2 1/2 - 3" 13 in of quarried rock to third chart, 1/2 - 1 in H. 1 foot of more with consider the chart dropped a top, using a foot mass of chart. Onward from me the joint below first chart layers.

1" chert == 1" rock 1/2-1" chert == 13" rock 2 1/2 - 3" chert = 15" rock 2" chert == 4' 2" quarried rock for use Quarry, 6 ft rock including 14 in thick layer at bottom. One lower part may be taken to represent Dayton stone 11' 4" Clinton rock reddish brown 8" Cincinnati ledge blue clay. 12 11 12 12 132 8 135

Two miles W of Laurel Creek, Cincinnati layer. 7" indurated by clay more blue under. Arthrus occidentalis, Strophomena, sharp curve. Strophomena small - strong internal folds. Septaria ceracea. Arthrus like Clinton from Iron Silvertake strophomena large flat type. blue clay over Cincinnati 2.1" Clinton 8" less blue granular - Large i?omea cral, softer. - Phthygiotya biforcate thick, - Pachydietya lsvader form, broadest Phymferana grandis interior bayphom crual Favorites - Arthrus Alunven type small - Heliotites sc very crm mrm. Dayton+e brown like Ni'agare, shale at Huffman quarries. One of the courses as thin as the low est course near Longwood.

"soft hum" After about 6 feet of the Dayton" risk just described and not all exposed, comes a very hard firm rock to real Dayton like rock about 3 feet, after which two order up and: chert 3" stone 10" Geyer's chert 2" marby. stone 10. chert 2 1/2" stone 12' chert 2" stone 4" chert 2-2 1/2" stone 6" chert 2" stone 12" chert 3-4" Dry branch 1/2 mile NE of Henry Dick Quarry,

"1/4 N of Meads, mi. South of Seyer's Jakee Fritz Henry D[illegible] Quarry, Dry Branch Clinton 24 inches here same type as at Seyer's quarry. 1 mi. S. of Di[cillegible]Quarry, S egar's quarry, Clinton beginning from film. 2 feet of blue clayey shale, x 2 1/2" stone. 2 1/2" blue clayey shale. 2 1/2" stone. 2 1/2" blue clayey shale. 33" Clinton x Orthus occidentalis Str[illegible]mme 2nd largest from Sep[illegible]arica North of Meads quarry, 1/2 miles. 1 1/4 miles S Orwidal.

-Favorites smallest species Largest species. -Calyxene Vrejseni, tail large, -Heliolites -Strophomena Hamnerensis -Illaerino Daytonensis tail gird -Rhin Jena fremosa -Orthis, delicata, Hanover type -Leptaena. Hanover type -Hemitype Ulrichi, cymmer good -Atrypa marginalis, Hanover type. -Chattersea fletcheriana, good, clear Coral. -Strophomena rhomboidalis -Phyelliserina angulata Clinton 96" Chris Meads Falls quarry Cincinnati below blue shale with loose fossils. Dayton above. from + appx thin. Heavy rock knightrng. Partly (small part) Hanover ckn chiefly crinoidal,

Derlyshie Falls is south 1/2 mile from Chris Meads Quarry Clint on 95'' 98'' Plenty of clayey shelve under the rock green underneath making a deep fall. a better fall lies 1/4 mi N.E.

S. J New Port, Hamra coln Septacera sericea Hamra type Strophomena shumbrdalis Platystoma kingana's small type, Strophomena hamnerensis both valve. consectvae eunetypus jentata Phacops triancatus, Jabella pygidium Lathyspar prandrea Pachycrityk second thickest Rhynospora prandra spetical layer Alaerius D lzytomanais. pygidium but chest in 5 chest detris. Quarry strike much order at top filled by there shell flags seems to be firm in quality at least the upper layers shaley flays. C 2 185-16 upper 8

This which side often looked much like Dayton stone when fractured, at times more crinoidal but white. The weathered sur- face generally showed plenty of crinoidal material. A large joggidinium of Illaenus cylindrus type was found in it but this don't mean much. The greenish magnesian Niagara in those layers was found immediately above. The lower position of this Chintim is seen merely from the fact that it was exposed further down the creek. It is a matter of debate with me whether this whiteish crinoidal Chintim often to be the homogeneous Dayton limestone or fracture is to be placed in the Chin- tim, or is to be referred the base of the Dayton beds. In the good bed Illaenus ambiguus large form.

Rofing Wagner S.H. 3 1/2 M. 3 mi. N of Napoleon, creek, of Napoleon, - Cyclomina lilyx. HAVOUR coln. - Pacydictya triplicat- - Pacydicya expanded base. Nels slits with large oval chambers - Cethus platella. Large form. - Mathesisia frandon - Phacerygen expansa. The Clinton here was certainly 1 foot thick. Belo it were found layers varying from flinch like limestone to white like Dayton. Above were about two feet of rock off whitish coln when broken. See above. David L. Eaton, 1 1/2 mi. N of Napoleon, The crinoid which rock I first exposed, 8" with magnesia rock above and whitish magnesia rock beneath. DLaema ambigous platella, small. Clinton or Transithm?

Oegrid, just N of, In the crinoidal polute limestone, Meristella Clinton type. Cathais & Stocktoniana July. Orthus flatella large type, Illænus ambiguus large. Whitish crinoidal rock 30" almt. with many fossils weathered out. Clinton is found a few feet belw. dwn the creek.

Ozrook 1 mi. down RR. SW. the best bed for crinoids is 100 inches above base quarry, but they are also found some feet further down near Atrypa line.

"Cagwood along RR, NE of tram at edge of town on S side of railroad Clinton" "Helictites" "Artus flabella Hanson type" "Pluripora epithoca Layer" "Septaria venosa Hanover type" "Illaemus Dayi mensis pygidium" " ambiguns " "Wb's 1st cross ridal a few inches back with Atrypa," "Intermediate 76" a young soft bed near Clinton" "Clinton 28" from Hanover type" "Cincinnati Tetradim" "Stephmenor Ledge flat just beneath" "Clinton contains brecciated and scarcely shaded fragment of the blue clay Cincinnati stone beneath in lower 4 in Ches"

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Smithsonian Institution Geol National Museum

LOWER PALAEOZOIC - VERMONT. FOERSTE.

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