Field notes, v585

Davis, John

Unknown

Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley

Original Source

Source Material:
Image from the Biodiversity Heritage Library. Contributed by Museum of Vertebrate Zoology, University of California, Berkeley. | www.biodiversitylibrary.org

Document Pages

372 Pages

No text detected

UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA MUSEUM OF VERTEBRATE ZOOLOGY Vol. 243

No text detected

No text detected

Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2017 with funding from CLIR https://archive.org/details/fieldnotesv58500davi

No text detected

Davis, J. El Salvador, C.A. Nov. 1941 - May 1942

No text detected

Paris 1941. San Salvador, Dept. San Salvador, El Salvador, Lautil Nov. 25, 1941. 879). Mabuya agilis 880). Capital " 881). Lizard Rio Tempa at Pan American Highway Bridge, Dep't. Morulutan, El Salvador Nov. 27, 1941. 882). Cnemidophorus Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador. Nov. 29, 1941. 883). Bufo 884). " 885). " 886). " Nov. 30, 1941. -887). ♀ Biranga ludoviciana -888). ♂ Helodytes rufinucha 889). Hyle Staufferi -890). ♀ Buteo magnirostris 891). Lizard 892). " 893). Anolis 894). Cnemidophorus 895). Gtenosaura 896). 1, 1941. 3 mi. W. Monte Cristo Mine, 650', XIXth Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador. 897). Gtenosaura

No text detected

1941. 3 mi. W ^ Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 1, 1941. 650' 898). Ctenosauru 999). ♀ Iguana skin + skull 900). ♂ " Total length 1420 mm. " " " , 901). ♂ Herpetotheres cachinnans (complete skeleton) Dec. 2, 1941 Monte Cristo Mine, 65', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador. 902). ♀ Iguana skin + skull T.L. 1232 mm. 903). Brownead 904). " 905). " 906). " 907). " 908). Anolis 909). " 910). Brown Skink Dec. 3, 1941. 911). ♂ Ctenosaura Completa T.L. 735 mm. Skin + skull 912). Gray colubrid T.L. 1543 mm. prep. M. Hildebrand Dec. 17, 1941. 913). Cantil 914). Anolis 915). " 916). " 917). " 918). " 919). Bufo Eugistomops 920). "

No text detected

la Dava 1941. 3 Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 17, 1941. 921). Perfo 922). .. 3 mi. W. Monte Cristo Mine, 650', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 17, 1941 923). Lantil 924). Lantil 925). Brownhead 926). .. 927). .. 928). Ricebor Ameiva 929). Turtle 930). Ricedor Ameiva Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 17, 1941. 931). Colony's 932). Rana 933). .. 934). .. 1 mi. SE Lirisadero, 850', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 18, 1941. 935). Rana 936). " 937). Lantil 938). Anolis' 939). Sceloporus 940). Olive whipstail

No text detected

in Davis 1941 Miradero, 650', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 19, 1941 941). Cnemidophorus 942). Brownhead 3mi. w Monte Cristo Mine, 650', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador 943). Anolis 944). Brown skink 945). Striped Snake 564+160 mm. Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador. Dec. 20, 1941 946). Footage Turtle 947). Llama 948). Anolis 949). .. 950). .. 951). .. 952). .. 953). Brownhead 954). .. 955). .. 956). .. 957). .. 958). Sijard Miradero, 650', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 21, 1941 959). ♂ Opossum 650-307-58-46-43 Gigante, 2 mi. SE Monte Cristo Mine, 650', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Sala. 960). Gray Colubrid 1653+352 mm. Skin + complete skeleton

No text detected

Davis 1941 5 E. slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 3700', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 24, 1941 961). Bicolor lizards Ameiva E. slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4200', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 962). King-neck snake N. slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4500', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 963). Hyla E. slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4000', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 25, 1941. 964). Hyla 965). Hyla E. slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4200', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 966). Scelophorus variabilis N. slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4600', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 967). Bicolor Ameiva 968). '' 969). Hyla 970). Scelophorus variabilis Dec. 26, 1941. 971). Micrurus 288+119 mm. 972). Hyla 973). '' E slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4000', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 27, 1941 974). Ameiva E slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 3700', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 975). Hyla 976). Hyla

No text detected

Davis 941. 6 N slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4600', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 27, 1941. 977). Ameiva W slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4400', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 978). Scelophus malachitius W slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4200', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 979). Hyla E slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4500', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 28, 1941 980). m Hiranga window in skull- testes. N slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4700', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 29, 1941 981). im. Myiarchus tuberculifer Testes. Window in the 982). ad. Piculus religiousus Testes OO N slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4750', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 983). ad. Monotus lessonii W slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4900', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 984). ad. Hylocharis leucotis Testes. N slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4950', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 985). ad. Lissolopha melanoganea W slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4600', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 986). m Ciaya cayana Testes. N slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4750', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 30, 1941 987). f Hylocharis leucotis 988). ad. Liphocolaptes proceropirhynchus partial skeleton N slope Mt. Tacaguatique, 4700', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 989). m? Tecteo

No text detected

J. Davis. 1942. 7 N slope Mt. Tacaguanique, 4600', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador ad. Jan. 3, 1942 990). f Trogodytes musculus N slope Mt. Tacaguanique, 4600', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 991). m Pianga flava Testis ad. 992). m Pianga leucoptera Testes L R ad. 993). f Tyrannus verticalis ad. 994). f Turdus grayi N slope Mt. Tacaguanique, 4300', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 4, 1942 ad. 995). m Myiochanes perspinos Testis ad. 996). f Tityra semifasciata ad. 997). m Columba fasciata Testis 17 mm. ad. 998). f " 999). Sceloporus variabilis 1000). Sceloporus malachiticus N slope Mt. Tacaguanique, 4600', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 1001). Sceloporus malachiticus 1002). Sceloporus variabilis 1003). Amelia undulata N slope Mt. Tacaguanique, 4500', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 5, 1942 ad. 1004). f Letofhaga ficta N slope Mt. Tacaguanique, 3800', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 1005). Hylid N slope Mt. Tacaguanique, 4400', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador ad. Jan. 6, 1942 1006. f Xiphocoleptes promerofimbriatus

Davis 1942. N slope Mt. Lacaguatique, 4400', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 6, 1942 1007). ad. ♂ Lepidocolaptes affinis Testis o 1008). ad. ♂ " " Testis o 1009). Ameiva undulata 1010). " " 1011). Sceloporus malachitens 1012). " " N slope Mt. Lacaguatique, 4600', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador 1013). Sceloporus Variabilis ad. ♂ Otus Trichopsis Testis ♀ (greenish) or Storn. Cant. 1014). see notes Jan. 7, 1942 ad. ♀ Virio solitarinus 1015). N slope Mt. Lacaguatique, 3800', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador 1016). Cana N slope Mt. Lacaguatique, 4400', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador ad. ♂ Xiphorhynchus flavigaster 1017). Columbid Snake 892+394 mm. 1018). N slope Mt. Lacaguatique, 4700', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 8, 1942. ad. ♂ Dactylortyx thoracicus Testis o 1019). N slope Mt. Lacaguatique, 4600', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador ad. ♂ Amazilia cyanocephala Testis o 1020). ad. ♂ Turdus grayi Testis o 1021). N slope Mt. Lacaguatique, 5100', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 9, 1942. ad. ♀ Tityra semifasciata 1022). ad. ♀ Centurus luripans 1023).

No text detected

Davis 1942 9 N slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 5100', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 9, 1942 v1024), ad. ♂ Falco sparverius Testis o N slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 3800', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador 1025). Frog N slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4500', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 10, 1942 v1026), ad. ♂ Dendrocolaptes certhia Testis o ad. " " v1027), ad. ♀ Complete skeleton ad. v1028). ♂ Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus Testes ORO N slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 3800', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador v1029). Amphibia v1030). "" v1031). Jan. 11, 1942 N slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4000', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador v1032). ad. ♂ Lissidolpha melanoganea Testis 3 mm. ad. v1033). ♀ Vireo solitarius ad. v1034). ♂ Empidonas Testis o N slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 3600', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador v1035). ad. ♂ Vireo philadelphius Testis o ad. v1036). ♂ Megarynchus pitangua Testis o 1037) N slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4600', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador ad. ♂ Eupyochanes pertinax Testis o v1038). Ameiva 1039). "" Jan. 12, 1942 S slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 3000', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador v1040). ad. ♀ Saltator atriceps ad. v1041). ♀ Vermivora

Davis 1942 10 N slope Mt. Tacaguate, 3200', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 14, 1942. 1042). ♂ Oryzomys 177-103-23-14 1043). ♀ no Oryzomys 215-111-29-15 1044). ♀ emb. .. 225-123-30-15 1045). ♂ .. 251-129-29-16 1046). ♀ emb. Heteromys 241-124-31-18 1047). ♀ Peromyscus 251-130-25-20 N slope Mt. Tacaguate, 4500', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 15, 1942 1048). ♂ no Oryzomys 222-117-27-15 1049). ♀ emb. .. 253-134-28-15 1050). ♀ emb. Heterodontomys 185-105-18-16 1051). ♂ Oryzomys 194-111-23-13 1052). ♀ no Peromyscus 228-118-26-18 emb. 128-52-15-13 1053). ♂ Peromyscus 203♠-95♠-27-21 1054). ♀ no emb. Blatomys 128-52-15-13 N slope Mt. Tacaguate, 4000±', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 1055). gray colubrid 1154+418 N slope Mt. Tacaguate, 4600', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 1056). Sceloporus malachiticus N slope Mt. Tacaguate, 4800', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador 1057). Diadophia 187+16 mm Lake Omega, 200', Dep't San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 22, 1942. 1058). Brownhead 1059). .. 1060). ..

[illegible] 132-103-175 142-111-182 152-132-192 162-132-202 171-141-212 180-150-220 [illegible] 221-111-152 232-121-162 241-131-172 251-141-182 261-151-192 271-161-202 [illegible] [illegible]

Davis 1942 San Miguel, Lake Olompe, Zoo; left St. Lazaro, El Salvador Jan. 22, 1942 1061). Anolis 1062). Amphibian 2 v 1063). ad. ? Hyctalis grisena Testes O R Jan. 23, 1942 1064). Turtle 1065). Bufo 1066). Rana v 1067). & Hycistronus albicollis ad. Jan. 24, 1942 v 1068). ? Amophila rufianda Testis o 1069). Chenosaura 1070). 1071). Bronhead 1072). Sceloporus 1073). 1074). 1075). 1076). Turtle? 1077). Bufo ad. v 1078). & Dromocrypt phasianellus Testes O R ad. v 1079). & " " Complete Skeleton ad. v 1080). ? Chloroclyle aenea Testis o Jan. 25, 1942 v 1081). ad. Lancerotta deivillei Testis o v 1082). & Anthesceena constantii 1083). Turtle

No text detected

Daria 1942 12 Lake Olomega, 700', Dept. San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 26, 1942 1084). Anolis Jan. 27, 1942 1085). Ameiva 1086). .. 1087). Cantil 1088). .. 1089). Sceloporus 1090). .. 1091). Ctenosaura completa 1092). Brownhead 1093). Anolis ad. ♂ 1094). Chloroceryle aenea ad. ♀ 1095). Serinus noveboracensis ad. ♀ 1096). Platypsaris aglaiae 1097). Bufo Jan. 28, 1942 ad. ♂ 1098). Colinus leucofugou Tests ♀ ad. ad. Halria salini ♂ 2 x/100). Cochlearius cochlearius 1101). Anolis 1102). Ctenidophorus Jan. 27, 1942 1103). Bufo 1104). 1105). 1106). Coleouga

No text detected

Davis 1942 13 Lake Omega, Zoo; Dep't. San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 28, 1942 1107). Coleompt 1108). Diadophis 216+115 Jan. 29, 1942 1109). Scelofons 1110). Scelofons 1111). Scelofons 1112). Cantil 1113). .. 1114). Oxybelis 669+312mm. skin + com- 1115). ♂ Crocodilus 879+752 mm. plate skeleton 1116). Narrowmouth toad 1117). Diadophis 191+75mm. Jan. 30, 1942 1118). Anolis 1119). .. 1120). Brownhead. 1121). ♂ Saurerottia devillei Complete skeleton ad. 1122). ♂ Hylocharis eliciae Testes o (enlarged) ad. r1123). ♀ Xeroglossus torquatus ++++ Seacost due s Lake Omega, Dep't. San Miguel, El Salvador 1124). Seasnake ♂ 4-11+57 mm. Coll. W.K. Gealy Lake Omega, Zoo; Dep't. San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 31, 1942 √1125). ♂ Chlorostilbon canivetii ad. √1126). ♂ Trogon melanocephalus ad. r1127). ♂ Passerina ciris

No text detected

Dairia 1942 Lake Ormoga, 200', Def't San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 31, 1942. ad. f Sporophila minuta 1128) f Crocolirus 194+714mm. skin + skull 1129) Cnemidophorus 1130) Anolis 1131) Feb. 1, 1942 ad. male Sporophila moreletti Testis o 1132) ad. male Lurdus grayi *Testis o 1133) ad. f Liaya cayana 1134) ad. f Halia salini 1135) ad. male Vendrocolaptcs curthia Testis o 1136) ad. f " " Complete skeleton 1137) ad. f Impidonot 1138) ad. f Viejo 1139) Brownhead 1140) " 1141) Feb. 2, 1942 ad. male Sacerottia deilliei Testis o 1142) ad. male Trogon melanocphala Testis o 1143) ad. f Aratinga Loloohora 1144) ad. Chlorocryle americana Testis o 1145) male Brailiscus vittatus Complex skeleton 1146) Feb. 3, 1942 ad. male Brotogeis jugularis Testis O 1147) ad. f Lepidorolaptcs souleyeti T 1148) ad. male Brutco magnirostris Testis o 1149) f Iguana 1150)

No text detected

Paris 942 15 Takalonaga, 200', dep t. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 3, 1942 1151). Conophis lineatus 557+191 mm. 1152). Anolis v(1153). ad. Polioptila albinucha Testis o 1154). Coleonyx mitratus 1155). Ateleopus Feb. 4, 1942 v(1156). ad. Amazilia rutila Testis o v(1157). ad. Hylorhinus elias Testis o v(1158). ad. Helodytes ruipincha Testis o v(1159). ad. Colymbus dominicus (1160). ad. Testis o v(1161). ad. Jceana spinosa v(1162). ad. " " Testis o Lv(1163). ad. Querquedula disjore Testis o 1164). Anolis 1165). gray colubrid 1004+366 mm. Feb. 5, 1942 1166). Anolis 1167). " 1168). " 1169). " 1170). " 1171). " 1172). Emmeces Feb. 6, 1942 v(1173). ad. Complete skeleton

No text detected

Davis 1942 16 Lake Oronega, Zoo; Lof V. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 6, 1942 1174), Brownhead 1175). Anolis Feb. 7, 1942. v(176). ad. [illegible] aestivalis Testis o v(177). ad. ? Saltator grandis Testis o v(178). ad. ? Tachyornis cinereum v(179). ad.? Myiarchus crinitus v(180). ad. ? Deterus spinus Testis o 1181). Chenidophorus v(182). ? Suralaia erythrothorax complete skeleton v(183). ad.? Eumonota superciliosa " v(184). ? Trogon melanocephalus " v(185). ad. ? Lepidocolaptes souleyetii souleyeti " 1186). Diadophis 1187). Bufo Valliceps 1188). Colomys Feb. 8, 1942. v(189). ad.? Myiarchus tyrannulus Testis o v(190). ad.? Sporophila more minuta Testis o v(191). ad. ? [illegible] aestivalis v(192). ad.? Columbigallina passerina in laying condition v(193). Thraupis rara Feb. 9, 1942 v(194). Crypturellus cinnamonaceus Wet specimen 1195). Tiranga ludoviciana v(196). ad.? Euthlypis lochrymosa

No text detected

Davis 942 17 Lake Omege, 200; Dept. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 9, 1942. 1197). Ameiva 1198). Brown racer 930 + 235 mm. v(199). ad. ? Thryothome maculifectus v(1200). ad. ? Heterocinus calanisi Complete skeleton v(1201). ? Busarellus nigricollis Complete skeleton v(1202). ad. ? Caloitta formosa Complete skeleton (1203). Anolis (1204). .. Feb. 10, 1942 v(1205). ad. Thryothome maculifectus Complete skeleton v(1206). ad. Platypirus ? aglaiae Complete skeleton v(1207). ad. ? Halia xalivini Complete skeleton v(1208). ? Trogon elegans v(1209). ad. lludroica magnolia v(1210). ad. ? Vasserina ciris Feb. 9, 1942 (1211). Anolis Feb. 10, 1942 (1212). Coleonyx mitratus Feb. 11, 1942 (1213). Anolis (1214). .. (1215). ad. Baslisins v(1216). ? Glacidium brasilianum v(1217). ? Clerna viridicata Testis 0 v(1218). ad. Myiarchus Subtrahifer Testes 0

Davis 942 18 Lake Cornoega, Zoo, El P't. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 11, 1942 v(1219). ad. f? Emidona? v(1220), ad. f Emidona? v(1221), ad. f Emidona? v(1222). f Amphoeemus rufiventris v(1223), ad. Thamnophius doliatus Complete Skeleton v(1224). ad. Aporophite minuta Complete Skelet (1225). Avic. (1226), Bailicus (1227). v(1228). ad. f Leptolia verreauii Complete Skeleton Feb. 12, 1942 (1229). Arviva (1230). ad. Iguana 215 + 586 mm. v(1231). f Chloreeryle americana Complete Skeleton v(1232). f Onychorhynchus coronatus " v(1233). ad. Enthelpia lachrymosa " ad. " Testes v(1234). ad. f Thamnophilus doliatus v(1236). ad. Chiroptlia linearis v(1237). f Myjarchus tuberculifer v(1238). ad. Camptocoma imberbe (1239). Rufo Feb. 13, 1942 v(1240), ad. Icterus galuis Complete Skeleton v(1241). ad. Piculus rubiginosus " v(1242). ad. Legidocolaptis sorleyeti

No text detected

Davis 1942 19 Lake Olenga, zoo; Ref't. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 13, 1942 v(1243). ad. ♂ Piranga rubra Testis o v(1244). ad. ♂ Leimurus amorqillius Testis o v(1245). ad. ♂ Camplostoma imberbe Testis o v(1246). ad. ♂ Empidonax v(1247). ad. ♀ Empidonax Feb. 14, 1942. v(1248). ad. ♂ Basiliscus delattii Complete Skeleton (1249). Arolia (1250). Arolia Feb. 15, 1942 v(1251). ad. ? Agilotes? no eggs in 1744+646 Skin v(1252). ad. ♂ Halia rubra Testis o oviduct +744+646 mm. only v(1253). ad. ♀ Halia salvini Complete Skeleton v(1254). ♀ Platyrinchus canerominus 1797+677. (1256). ad. ♀ Agilotes (?) no eggs in oid. 1797+677 Skin and complete skeleton Feb. 16, 1942 (1256). Arolia (1257). Arolia (1258). Basiliscus (1259). Conophis 390+126 mm. v(1260). ♀ Platyrinchus canerominus Complete Skeleton v(1261). ♀ Chiroptilia lineana " v(1262). ♀ Cyanocampa forullina " v(1263). ♂ Elaenia viridicata " v(1264). ♀ Oncosoma vineignlora "

No text detected

20 Lakebomega, Zoo; Dep't San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 16, 1942. v(1265). ad Orcostoma cinereigulare Testis o v(1266). Autophaga rutilicilla Feb. 17, 1942. v(1266). ♂? Empidonax flaviventris v(1267). ♂ Hylorichla mustelina Testis o Very fat v(1268). ♂ Platysaris aglaiae Testis o v(1269). ♀ Venilornis fumigatus v(1270). ♂ " " Testis o v(1271). ♂ Chiroipchia linearis v(1272). Cyclarhis flaviventris Wet specimen Feb. 19, 1942 v(1273). m Lacoramphus papa Testis 9mm. for and flu- Crop empty. Stomach contained bird claws, notes see ♂ and small mammal bones & a large lotus of hair, c account of possibly referable to opossum. There were also marshall ♂ several large nematodes in the stomach. Feb. 20, 1942 (1274). ♀ Apilotes skin + v(1275). ♀ Eunomota superciliosa small v(1276). ♀ Basileuterus delattrii ova Complete skeleton v(1277). ♂ " " Testis o. v(1278). ♂ Ichneus pectoralis Testis o. v(1279). ♀ Platysaris aglaiae small ova Complete skeleton v(1280). ♂ Chrianga ludoviciana Testis o. Fat Feb. 21, 1942. v(1281). ♂ Attila spadiceus Testis o

No text detected

Davis 1942 Lake Omega, 200' Sef Mt San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 21, 1942 \(1282). \sigma Littorinus grisencapillus Testis o v(1283). \varphi Glaeina viridicota v(1284). \sigma Durostoma cinerigulare v(1285). \sigma Apallus erythrothoras Testis o v(1286). \sigma Cras globiera Testis 12mm. Cere yellowish posteriorly, flecked with dusky ante- riorly. Operculum black. Hill Maxilla dusky next to nostril, bluish flesh color anteriorly. Man- dible black basally, bluish flesh color anteriorly. Fus o pale reddish brown Tarsi and top of feet bluish- gray. Toes of feet pale flesh color. Claws horn color. Crop contained 5 small green tube. Bird had no fat what- ever on it. Feb. 22, 1942 \(1287). \sigma Icterus fectoralis Testis o v(1288). \varphi Icterus galus v(1289). \varphi Myiozetetes similis Feb. 23, 1942 \(1290). \sigma Cyclarhis flaviventris Testis o \(1291). \sigma Thyophilus decutatus Testis o \(1292). \varphi Morocecyc erythropugus Complete skeleton testes small \(1293). \sigma " " Complete skeleton v(1294). \varphi Camptostoma imberbe " " ovum v(1295). \varphi Chondrinas uncinatus " " Small For further details see species account \(1296). Anolis

Paris 342 22 Lake Omege, 200', Def't. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 23, 1942 1297). Anolis see species 1298). ? Immorphodon? account (1223+228 mm.)± 1299). " 980+229 mm. Feb. 25 26, 1942 1300). Boa 888+102 mm. Volcan de San Miguel, 1000', Def't. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 24, 1942 1301). Snake (Coll R.A. Stitar). Dead on road Lake Omege, 200', Def't. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 26, 1942 shipped alive to MVZ Wed July, 1942 1302). Boa San Antonio Blvd., 670 m ±, Def't. San Salvador, El Salvador Acc., 1944 c. 1940 1303). Brown snake Worm snake (Coll. Dr. M. Van Severen) Plana de Renderos, 900 m ±, Def't. San Salvador, El Salvador Dec., 1941 1304). Worm Snake (Coll. Dr. M. Van Severen) San Salvador, Def't. San Salvador, El Salvador Jan., 1942 1305). Ring-neck (Coll. Dr. M. Van Severen) Los Escindles, 7300t', Def't. Chalatenango, El Salvador March 7, 1942 1306). Sceloporus March 8, 1942 1307). Ophiomorfos 1308). ~

No text detected

23 Jos Esesmiles, 7300', dep't Chaletenango, El Salvador March 8, 1942 1309). Gerrhonotus 1310). " 1311). Anolis 1312). Iguard March 9, 1942 1313). Anolis 1314). Snake 426 + 136 mm. 1215). Bothrops godmani 375 + 46 mm. March 10, 1942 1316). Trimerurus 396 + 144 mm. 1317). Bothrops godmani 420+56 mm. 1318). Aceloforus 1319). Iguard E slope Jos Esesmiles, 7300', dep't Chaletenango, El Salvador March 11, 1942 1320). Bothrops godmani 333+ 44 mm. 1321). Gerrhonotus 1322). Gerrhonotus 1323). " 1324). Aceloforus 1325). " 1326). Anolis 1327). Iguard SW slope Jos Esesmiles, 6000', dep't Chaletenango, El Salvador 1328). Hyla

No text detected

dine +2 24 E slope Los Escaimiles, 7300', Dep't Chalatenango, El Salvador March 12, 1942 (1329). Sceloporus (1330). Gerrhonotus (1331). Bothrops godmani 441+60 mm. (1332). " " 421+53 mm. (1333). " " 284+21 mm. (1334). " " 398+48 mm. (1335). " " 499+67 mm. (1336). " " 305+42 mm. March 13, 1942 (1337). Bothrops godmani 261+28 mm. (1338). Sceloporus (1339). " (1340). Hyla (1341). Chigilinera 926 + 408± mm. (1342). Bothrops godmani (coll. R.A. Stittor) 449+58 mm. (1343). " " 565+72 mm. March 14, 1942 (1344). Gerrhonotus (1345). " (1346). " (1347). Anolis E slope Los Escaimiles, 8400±', Dep't Chalatenango, El Salvador (1348). Gerrhonotus " " " " 7300±', "(1349). Bothrops godmani 522+64 mm. (1350). " " 297+34 mm.

No text detected

Davis 42 25 Esclope los Escamiles, 8100'; Dep't. Chalatenango, El Salvador March 16, 1942 (1351). Gerrhonotus (1352). Oedipus (1353). " (1354). " (1355). " (1356). " (1357). " (1358). " (1359). " (1360). " (1361). " (1362). " (1363). " " " , 8600±, " " " " (1364). Oedipus (1365). " (1366). " (1367). " " " " , 7300±, " " " " (1368). Bothrops godmani 455+47mm. March 16, 1942 (1369). ♂ Bothrops godmani (complete skeleton) N. gus coll. 409+51mm. (1370). Sceloporus March 17, 1942 (1371). Sceloporus (1372). Anolis

No text detected

Alair 1942 26 E slope For Esesimles, 7300+, Dep't, Chalatenango, El Salvador March 17, 1942 1373), Anolis 1374), " 1375), " 1376), " March 18, 1942. 1377), Sclloform 1378), " 1379), Snake 479+140 mm. " " ", 8700+', " " " " 1380), Oedipus 1381), " 1382), " 1383), " 1384), " 1385), " 1386), " 1387), " 1388), " 1389), " 1390), " 1391), ' 1392), " 1393), " 1394), " 1395), " 1396), "

No text detected

Dairs 1942 27 E slope Los Escusmiles, 8700', dep't. Chalatenango, El Salvador March 18, 1942 (1397). Odigos (1398).

No text detected

Davis 942 28 E slope Los Eses miles, 7300±, Dep't Chalatenango, El Salvador March 22, 1942 1416). Snake 321+103 mm. March 23, 1942 1417). Anolis 1418). Lizard 1419). Sceloporus 2½ mi. N Los Eses miles, Honduras 1420). Snake 328+136 mm. Dan Juan Mine, 1½ mi. SE Metapan, 1600', #, Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 3, 1942 1421). Anolis 1422). " 1423). Ameiva 1424). " 1425). Bufo 1426). Rana 1427). Amphibia 1428). .. 1429). .. April 4, 1942 1430). Brownhead 1431). " 1432). " 1433). " 1434). Anolis 1435). " 1436). "

No text detected

Paris 942 29. San Juan Mine, 7 1/2 mi. S E Metapan, 1600', Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 4, 1942 1437). Amolis 1438). Ameiva April 5, 1942 1439). Amolis 1440). .. 1441). .. 1442). Brownhead 1443). .. 1444). .. 1445). .. 1446). Ameiva 1447). .. 1448). .. 1449). .. April 6, 1942 1450). Ameiva 1451). .. 1452). .. 1453). .. 1454). Gymnothalamus trilineatus April 7, 1942 1455). Malaya agilis 1 mi. E Cerro de Los Narajos, 5900', Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 11, 1942 1456). Amolis 1457). ..

1 mi. E Cerro de Los Naranjos, 5'900', Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 11, 1942 1458). Anolis 1459). " 1460). 1461). 1462). 1 mi. de Cerro de Lo Cerro del Aguilu, 5'900', Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador 1463). Anolis Cerro del Aguilu, 5'500', Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 12, 1942 1464). Sceloporus 1465). 1466). 1467). Anolis 1468). 1469). 1470). 1471). 1472). 1473). 1474). 1475). 1476). 1477). 1 mi. NE Cerro de Los Naranjos, 5'200', Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador 1487). Sceloporus

No text detected

1 mi. NE Cerro de Los Harauros, 5200', Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 12, 1942 Iceloforms 1486). 1487). 1488). 1 Mi. E Cerro de Los Harauros, 6000', Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 13, 1942 Iceloforms 1482), 1 mi. NE Cerro de Los Harauros, 5400', Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador Iceloforms 1483). 1484). 1485). April 14, 1942 Cerro de Los Harauros, 5100', Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador Anolis 1486). 1487). Volcan de Apaneca, 5000', Dep't. Ahuachapan, El Salvador April 18, 1942 Anolis 1488). Iceloforms 1489). 1490). 1491). 1492). Apaneca, 4800', Dep't. Ahuachapan, El Salvador April 19, 1942 Anolis 1493). 1494). Amoiva 1495).

No text detected

Paris 942 32 2 mi. N.W Apaneca, 5500', Dept. Ahuachapan, El Salvador April 19, 1942 1496). Shrew (wet specimen) 1497). 1498). Rana 1499). 1500). 1501). 1502). 1503). 1504). 2 mi. NW Ahuachapan, 3500', Dept. Ahuachapan, El Salvador April 20, 1942 1505). Sceloporus 1506). Ameiva 1507). 1508). 1509). 1510). 1511). Basiliscus 1512). 1513). 1514). 1515). 1516). 1517).

aviv 42 33 5 1/2 mi. w. Sanuntepeque, 1500', Dep't. La Paz, El Salvador April 23, 1942 1518), Tremidophorus 1519). "" 1520). "" 1521). Brownhead Sanuntepeque, 2750±', Dep't. La Paz, El Salvador 1522). Anoeira 1523). "" 1524). Sceloporus 1525). "" El Salvador, 2400', Dep't. San Salvador, El Salvador April 27, 1942 1526). $-Copperhead Gonatodes fuscus 1527). "" 1528). "" April 19, 1942 1529). Gonatodes fuscus Hacienda Chilata, 2000', Dep't. Sonsonate, El Salvador April 22, 1942-May 1, 1942 1530). Basiliscus 1531). Sceloporus 1532). Anoeira 1533). "" 1534). "" 1535). Amoli 1536). Brownhead 1537). Leiophisina assarum

No text detected

Davis 042 34 Hacienda Chilata, 2000', Dept'. Sonsonate, El Salvador May 1, 1942 (538). Bufo May 2, 1942 (539). Brownhead (540). Asclophorus Cyclolopanes persianatus? (541). Lizard (542). Asclopous (543). Brownhead (544). .. (545). Anolis (546). May 3, 1942 (547). Brownhead (548). " (549). Mabuya agilis (550). Asclophorus (551). .. (552). .. (553). Anolis (554). Ameiva (555). Ameiva (556). Anolis (557). " (558). Bufo (559). Amphibian (560). Anolis (561).

No text detected

Hacienda Chilata, 2000, Depto. Sonsonate, El Salvador May 3, 1942 1562). Anolis May 4, 1942 1563). Anolis 1564). " 1565). " 1566). Acroforus 1567). " 1568). " 1569). " 1570). " 1571). Brownhead 1572). " 1573). Sciopisoma assatune 1574). " " 1575). " " 1576). " " 1577). Anolis 1578). " 1579). " 1580). " 1581). " 1582). Lizard 1583). Amphibian 1584). " 1585). " 1586). "

No text detected

36 Hacienda Chilata, 2000', Def't Sonsonate, El Salvador May 4, 1942 (1587). Amphibian (1588). .. (1589). .. (1590). .. (1591). .. May 5, 1942 (1592). Bufo (1593). Rana (1594). Amphibian (1595). .. (1596). " (1597). .. (1598). " (1599). " (1600). " (1601). Tricurus fulvus 313 + 228 mm. (1602). Teiolopisma assatum (1603). " " (1604). .. (1605). Anolis (1606). " (1607). " (1608). .. (1609). .. (1610). .. (1611). "

No text detected

Paris 1942 38 Hacienda Chilata, 2000', Dep't Asonarate, El Salvador May 7, 1942 1636). Anolis 1637). " 1638). Sceloporus assatum 1639). " 1640). " 1641). " 1642). " 1643). " 1644). Iguana 1645). Anolis 1646). " 1647). Amphibian 1648). " 1649). 1650). Bufo Fajuma de Zapotitan, 1500', Dep't. La Libertad, El Salvador May 9, 1942 1651). Anolis 1652). Sceloporus 1653). Brownhead 1654). Sceloporus 1655). Bufo 1656). Laxa 1657). Coccidus

No text detected

Elvis 1942 39 Hacienda Zapotitan, 1500', dep't. La Libertad, El Salvador May 9, 1942 (1653). Brownhead (1654). Sceloporus (1655). Bufo (1656). Rana (1657). Cæcilian (1658). Anolis (1659). Gecko (1660). " May 10, 1942 (1661). Amphibian (1662). Anolis (1663). " (1664). " (1665). Mabuya agilis (1666). Cnemidophorus (1667). Anolis (1668). Brownhead (1669). ? Bailescus vittatus (9 eggs) ---- Complete skeleton (2 c.m. Ratio) (1670). Gecko (1671). " Hacienda Zapotitan, Rio Lucio, 1500', dep't. La Libertad, El Salvador May 11, 1942 (1672). Sceloporus (1673). " (1674). " (1675). Cnemidophorus

No text detected

are /2 40. Finca Zapote, Rio Muio, 1500', Dep't La Libertad, El Salvador May 11, 1942 1676). Basiliscus vittatus 1677). Racer 618+25 mm. 1678). Basiliscus vittatus 1679). Anreisa undulata Finca Paraíso, Santa Tecla, Dep't. La Libertad, El Salvador No date 1680). Crotalus (coll. of E. Fischer) May 15, 1942 1681). Amphibian (coll. E. Fischer) Santa Tecla, Dep't. La Libertad, El Salvador No date 1682). Odignus (A. Kolar collec.) Finca Paraíso, Santa Tecla, Dep't. La Libertad, El Salvador No date. 1683). Boa (gift of E. Fischer) Shipped alive May 19, 1942. Died Dec. 7, 1942 now in MVZ coll. skeleton

No text detected

Davis J. El Salvador, Central America Nov. 1941-May 1942

No text detected

San Juan Mine, 7 hrs min. E Metapan, Dep't. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 3, 1942 A O on the outside of the group would enter into an amplexus with a O in the heart of the group, but 2 O's never held this position for longer than 2 or 3 seconds. We watched this performance for some 25 minutes, And when we left the other 5 were still trying. Almost every foot had at least one individual, usually more. At least 10 to pairs were seen in amplexus. April 4, 1942 Reitz + I caught 2 Brownheads a piece. They are evidently the same species as that at Monte Triste, And are quite common in the grass & scrub here. Reitz has tried noosing lizards but with indifferent success. Ameiva is built with the head tapering smoothly from the body, so that when the lizard is lifted from the ground, the loop of thread slips over the head. One large yellow-spotted Ameiva was noosed and lifted from the ground 6 times without taking alarm. I finally hit it with a stick. Basiliscus vittatus is commoner here than anywhere I have been yet. They are in all the dry washes, and on the banks of same, in Agave hedges, & in flest & scrub. This was surprising since virtually all of the others seen before this were near water, but there is very little water here, and this lizard is abundant & very widely distributed. Saw two Ctenosaura compacta today -

No text detected

San Juan Mine, 7 1/2 mi. S.E. Metepec, 1600, Def. St. Salvador, El dor Salva- April 4, 1942 They are evidently rare in this part of the country. Three were seen on the way from San Ignacio to San Salvador. April 5, 1942 More of the same three lizards. Collecting dif- ficult without shot-pistol, but Sritz is very adept at securing lizards with a stick. Aulis and Brownheads are easily collected by hand. April 6, 1942 Had a severe thunderstorm & rain last night. Very hot & steamy around here today. A native crought in a Gymnathalmus sunichresti' which he saw crawling from under a pile of Adobe bricks. This is the only specimen of this lizard I have ever seen. Evidently the rain brought it out. Sritz and I obtained 4 Ameiza undulata from the stream bed below camp. April 7, 1942 On the way back to Metepec saw 2 Maloya agilis in Agave fences. As much as we had another heavy rain last night, it begins to look as though some species of lizards are brought out more into the open when the ground is wet & may be more common during the wet season. One of the lizards was collected with a hand full of rocks.

No text detected

Metapan - San Salvador - Finca Las Cruces April 8, 9, 10, 1942 1 mi. N.E Cerro de los Barajjos, 5200', Depto. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 11, 1942. We are camped in a house on the finca of Colonel Vides. The country all around here is given over almost entirely to coffee-growing up to about 5000 feet. To the SW is a sharp cone, the Cerro de los Barajjos, rising to about 6000'. Our house lies directly at the base of a peak to the SE, also rising to about 6000'. To the NW about 1/2 mile lie the westernmost peaks of the Cerro de Agula. This cerro is composed of a chain of 3 peaks of about 6000', with saddles between the peaks. Coffee has been planted on all peaks above Cerro de los Barajjos. This alone is relatively untouched, with dense forest running from about 5100' to the top. The other peaks all have coffee to about 5300'. Above this, there has been extensive clearing & burning, the original cloud forest being confined to the very summits of the peaks, even there not at all extensive. On the Cerro de Agula, much of the cleared upper slopes has been reforested with cypress, which comprises a very dense, low, extensive artificial forest. In the A.M. I hunted in the cloud forest at the top of the peak behind our camp. This locality I have given as 1 mi. E Cerro de los Barajjos, 5900'. Collected several lizards, which were the only reptiles seen. They seemed to favor predilection for turn-over woodland, which is in the process of being made into fields for cultivation. There are numerous turned over patches near

No text detected

1 mi. NE Terro de los Parangos, 5200', Nef. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 11, 1942 The crest of this hill, and the original cloud forest cover had been reduced to a narrow strip along the very crest itself. Consequently, the ground is rather dry. Seve- ral damp, rotten logs were torn apart without success. I also investigated the bromelias in the trees. Although they had trapped much water between the leaf sheaths, no salamanders were found. After supper Marshall and I walked to the summit of the easternmost peak of the Terro del Aguila (5400'). Heard several Cassin's Oulc calling. I took one Anolis at the summit. It was fully active, indicating some nocturnal activity on the part of this species. April 12, 1942 Hunted on Terro del Aguila in a.m. This is composed of three peaks. I hunted up the easternmost. Took 11 Anolis. They are of at least three different species, but color changes make differentiation difficult. There is a green Sceloporus (malachiticus?) here which seems quite common. As usual, it is confined to trees and fallen logs, and is especially numerous about woodpiles. They seem to be fairly. Took three in the P. m. I took four more from a large woodpile direc- fly in front of our house. These lizards are very wary, and must be approached very cautiously. The woodpiles offer them many excellent places of cosafe between the logs.

No text detected

David 1942 10 1 mi. NE Cerro de los Harañoes, 5200', Dept. San Salvador, El Salvador April 13, 1942 This a.m. hunted along the crest of the hill behind our house. I followed the crest for about 1/2 mile N, looking for more cloud forest, but this has virtually all been burned off on both sides of the ridge, lea-ving only a narrow strip at the top. Although I found some good rotten logs, I found no amphibians. The Bromeliad niche was also unproductive. There is a plant around here which is very closely al- lied to the banana. It has showy red bracts and prominent leaf stalks. Examination of the under-surface of the latter yielded nothing. There must have been salamanders here when the cloud forest extended well down the slope, but evidently increasingly dry conditions due to burning and clearing have wiped them out. Why they have not resorted to the moist bromeliads cannot say. Took three more green Xeloforus from the woodpile in front of our house. April 14, 1942 Marshall and I climbed the Cerro de los Harañoes to within about 200' of the summit in a.m. This is a steep, isolated, almost perfect cone, rising to about 6,000'. The slopes, almost down to the base, are covered with a dense tree and brush growth. The ground is rather dense, and the trees support fairly heavy epiphytic growth. Some of the brows are well covered

No text detected

1 mi. NE Cerro de los Tararajos, 5200, Dept. Santa Ana, El Salvador. April 14, 1942 With dense stands of the banana-like plant described in my notes of April 13. Examination of Bromeliads and of the banana-like plants turned up nothing. There were not many down logs, and those few found and investigated showed nothing. Although this peak is well exposed to the clouds every day, and the trees well covered with epiphytes, the forest cover is more like that of Mt. Tacaguatique, rather than that found in the humid cloud forest of Los Esmeriles. The chief difference lies in the drier condition of the undercover and ground level, and the absence of fern growth. The undercover is not as lush as at Los Esmeriles, and the trees are not safe. I saw nothing in the way of reptiles and amphibians. Collected 1 Anole in a burnt-over field at the base of the cerro. Decided to leave this locality, as it seems rather unproductive. About 5 p.m., got a ride down to Santa Ana from Dr. Roberto Quinonez, manager of the Finca "Los Tararajos", nearby. April 15, 1942 - April 17, 1942 In San Salvador. April 17, 1942 In p.m. went from San Salvador to Ahuachapan, Dept. Ahuachapan, arriving at about 5 p.m. Stayed overnight. April 18, 1942 In early a.m. proceeded from Ahuachapan to

No text detected

Afanecca, 4800', Def. S. Amuchafan, El Salvador April 18, 1942 Afanecca, a distance of some 11 miles. Found quarter - master board in the town. Went out to the base of the Vol- can de Afanecca, at about 5000', approximately 1/2 mi. SSE of the town. Saw numerous green sceloporus, of which I collected 4. Also collected an Anolis by the side of a road outside a coffee finca. The country here seems very dry and dusty. All about the town, and part of the way up the mountain, there are fincas and mil- gas. The Volcan seems to have heavy forest cover from about 5200' to the summit. The latter is well shrouded in clouds in the early a.m. In the p.m. I went to see Don Guillermo Salas, to whom I had a note from Hoff, at the Hotel Tres Mundos in San Sal- vador. Was received very kindly. Talked about na- tural history, about which his man does not know too much. He had an old 4 volume set of some Spanish natural history encyclopedia, while show- ing me the pictures in it, he came across one of a caecilian. He told me that he had seen these, but only in lower, hotter country. He had seen them at Amuchafan. The native name is Tepuleija. This is derived from an Indian word, tepul, meaning anus, and cuja, a corruption of the old Aztec coatl, or snake. Other names are culebra del recto and culebra del ano. This terminology springs from the popular belief that while one is asleep

No text detected

Afaneca, 4800', Def't. Almacheffan, El Salvador April 18, 1942 These animals crawl per annum to feed on in- festical contents. Don Guillermo agreed to furnish me with a native guide who would take me to the best places on on the Volcan. April 19, 1942 My guide turned out to be a boy of about 14. He seemed to know the trails quite well. We went up the N W slope of the Volcan to the summit. Al- though there is a dense forest on this slope of the Volcan, including many large old trees, the ground is extre- mely dry underfoot. The trail was at times sunk deep in soft, powdery soil. The undergrowth, though dense, lacked fern growth, and there were remarkably few epiphytes in the trees. At one turn of the trail, the track of some small snake was seen in the loose dust un- derfoot. At the summit of the slope the original cover had been entirely stripped, and there were several corn-fields. Most of the summit was taken up by a large cleared area which served as a nursery for young coffee plants, which were afterwards re- moved to the fincas below when they have reached a certain stage in growth. From the summit I could not see more than 10 or 12 scattered cloud forest oaks remaining. The canyons were all stripped of the original growth to a point about one third of the way down the mountain, and a dense shrub and

No text detected

Definica, 4800', Dep't. Amachapan, El Salvador April 19, 1942 Vine growth had succeeded. All this terrain was most arid. We returned down the slope to the village, on the out- skirts of which I took Jaculis and an Ameira by the side of the road. In the early afternoon Don Guillermo Salas and a friend of his took me to the Laguna de Definica, which is about 2 mi. NW of the town. This lake occu- pies the center of an old crater. The walls rise to a height of about 300' and are heavily wooded. The lake itself is small, shallow and choked with a dense growth of water-lilies. In spite of the filthy condi- tion of the water, I was told that up to a few years ago it furnished the town's water supply. At one end there is a concrete dam, with a water gate. At the opposite end the lake tails off into a dense tule swamp. The higher ground between the lake bed and the gently rising crater walls is grassy marsh- land. The entire area was alive with frogs, large, small, & medium in size. They were extremely wary, and though I waded out into the lake, my progress was so hampered by the lily ponds that I could not approach any frogs closely enough to catch them. I had better luck in the tule swamp. Although the ground was soft & my feet sank in up to the an- kle at every step, there were so many frogs that I could not miss them all. I took 2. The three of us then looked around the lake. At one point we di-

No text detected

Paris '42 Apaneca, 4800', Dep't of Ahuachapan, El Salvador. April 19, 1942. Terved from the grassland and went through the woods. I was amazed to find groves of cypress almost completely ravaged by chapulines. Evi- dently these insects can eat anything green. It was while walking about the lake that I found and captured two shrews under a log, as described in species account of this date. April 20, 1942 I left Apaneca in the a. m. and arrived at Ahua- chapam about lunch-time. After lunch I walked out to the Laguna de Ahuachapan, 2 mi. N.W. of the town. The land outside the town has been given over to gra- zine, and is flat, and treeless, and very arid. The few trees and shrubs scattered at wide intervals over the plain stand out very prominently. Near the edge of the lake there are more trees, and heavy growth of Acacia & Mimosa. There were nume- rous people along the shore, bathing, washing clothes, or leading cattle down to drink. This is a good sized lake and must be at least a mile long. I saw no new reptiles on this walk, but while proceeding through the thorn scrub near the lake took 7 Basilisks, which were abun- dant: Shot one very large individual from about ten feet up in a small tree. Also took a Green Acelophora, which I was surprised to

No text detected

Laird 942 Eri. NW Ahuachapan, 3500±, Dep't Ahuachapan, El Salvador April 20, 1942 See in this hot and semi-desert obtained a few good specimens of the yellow-spotted Aneira, two of which were in sight at the same time, and were consequently shot within about 5 seconds of each other. April 21, 1942 Returned to San Salvador. April 23 1942 Took a one day trip with Joe Seitz. We accompanied Mr. Kenneth Mattheson, general manager of the New York & Rosario Honduras Mining Co. to a prospect he was opening up 5 1/2 mi. W of Lenundepupe, 1500', Dep't Chalmas. The terrain here was the usual thing—arid, barren, no tree growth, and dense Acacia thickets. Took 3 Cnemidophorus and a Brownhead. We went in to Lendundepupe, and Seitz and I took a walk while Mattheson arranged some affairs. We followed a small stream a few hundred yards out of town. Saw numerous Aneira and took two. Basiliscus was quite common. We then took a trail up the stream bank into a finca, through which we returned to the town. There was a good tree growth, & numerous woodpiles in the finca, and we noted 4 or 5 Sceloporus (var. bicus?) on the nest humks & in woodpiles. Took two. The male has a rose colored patch on the belly,

No text detected

Davis 1942 Lemontefoque, 2750', def St. Tabanas, El Salvador April 23, 1942 bordered internally with a heavy stripe of dark bluish-black. April 24 - April 30, #/1942 In San Salvador April 27, 1942 That part of the Hotel Nuevo Mundo is located is built around a courtyard. In the center of the court- yard is a second building containing other rooms. The walls of this second building are covered with a fairly dense, uniform growth of ivy. [square] I had no- ticed lizards or crawling about on the ivy before, and today I caught three of them. They are Gouatodes fuscus, The males have bright orange heads, the body being ver- miculated dark blue and black. The ?'s and immat- ures are finely vermiculated with black, dull gray, and brown. They may be told, however, by the white Y on the chin & gular region. When alarmed these lizards im- mediately ran to the underside of a board leaning against the ivy covered wall. Their skin is tissue thin & very tender, & the tails easily broken off. They seem to prefer bright, sun-lit locations, and I noted them resting on the outer surface of the leaning board, and in places on the wall where the ivy growth was rela- tively sparse, both places well exposed to the sun. These lizards move fast, but when they reach a place of concealment, tend to remain motionless even after being

No text detected

Davis 1942 San Salvador, El Salvador April 27, 1942 uncovered. April 29, 1942 cought two more Goatodes fuscus in the same place where I caught the three on April 27. April 30, 1942 Today I left San Salvador on Ghorsi's truck. We first went to Finca "Las Cruces," where we picked up Hildelbrand, Marshall, & Tucker. Then proceed- ed to Hacienda Chilata via the village of Galeo. We stayed overnight at the main Hacienda house, which had evidently been unused for some time. May 1, 1942 The following day the Administrator, Don Augus- tin Moran, took us to another house about a mile & a half from the main headquarters of the Hacienda. We had fine quarters. On the way from the main house to ours, I collected a Basiliscus, & Ameiva, and a Brownhead. These lizards are all abundant here, particularly Ameiva & the Brownhead. Basiliscus is abundant along watercourses. South of our house, and about 75' below it, is a wide, swift stream with rocky bottom. In some places the water flows through channels cut into the sheer rock. Across the stream, the ground rises sharply into the foothills of the Balsam Range. These first-hills are covered with cop-

No text detected

Hacienda Chilata, 2000', Ref 'S. Sausade, El Salvador May 1, 1942 Tea plantations. A search along the stream for frogs failed to reveal any. In the evening, many Bufo were encountered, of large size; si- milar to those previously taken at Olomega & Mina San Juan. One was taken. May 2, 1942. Hunted in the coffee groves and on above them. Took a new species of lizard (Corythophanes) perched on a rock in the middle of a very dry, dusty, rocky trail.

No text detected

Cantel Monte Cristo Mine, 700', dep't Morazan, El Salvador. Dec. 17, 1941. Found a large colony of these lizards in a dense patch of Typha (cattail) bordering a stream near camp. These lizards occur in three sizes, one about 2 1/2" long, one about 8" long, and the fully adults which are about 30" long. Their hind legs are very much longer than their front legs, and when they run they use their hind legs nearly exclusively, with the head and forelimbs held high -- J.T. They are extremely rapid, and extremely wary. They stay on the stream bank, & when approached, run on their hind-legs along submerged cattails so that it resembles walking on water. They then leap 6" or a foot through the air and disappear into the tules, where they can be heard rustling the dry reeds. I obtained 1 specimen (913) and them only after a long wait, when it crawled out on a reed. I have often seen small lizards of this species on the banks of a small stream, Quebrada Honda, 1/4 mi. ENE of camp. 3 mi. W Monte Cristo Mine, 650', dep't Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 17, 1941. Sturton and I obtained 2 large adults from a bank of the Rio San Miguel. They were in the shrubs at the water's edge. Several others escaped by running over small stones in the shallow water and plunging into the shrubs farther up the banks.

No text detected

cantil 1 mi. SE Divisadero, 850', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 18, 1941. Shot a large adult from an agave fence near Divisadero. This was the first individual I have seen that was not near water. These lizards are called "cantil" by the natives, and are considered quite venomous. Lake Homega, 700', Dep't. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 11, 1942. Gealey, the geologist, brought in a Basiliscus which he shot in the stream above camp. He said that this indi- vidual ran across the water on its hind legs, leaving "trackways" behind it on the water surface. Examina- tion of the hind feet showed that each digit is war- gined with a pectinated flap which is turned down so that each digit presents a cup-like aspect from below. It is possible that the impact of the water against the bottom of the feet spreads these flaps down so as to provide a broader contact surface with the water, enabling the animal to progress for short distances across open pools. I am inclined to agree that these lizards possess this ability, from what I have seen of the specimens along the lake shore before I collected them. However, they can pro- gress only a few feet at a time in this fashion.

No text detected

Anolis Monte Cristo Mine, 700' lef't. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 17, 1941. Collected 5 Anolis (914-918) near camp. The 3's of these and all the others I have collected have an orange throat fan with a large bluish-black spot on it. I have never seen an individual display the throat fan, but it can be pulled out with forceps. This lizard is virtually restricted to trees, saplings, & fence poles. They are very rarely found on the ground, and when found in this site are probably on their way from tree to tree. They are very agile, and when hard-pressed will jump several inches through the air to escape. They often jump from twig to twig in this fashion or when on the ground, if near a sapling or tree, jump several inches from the ground onto the tree or sapling. They have no preference for any particular tree species, but are widely distributed, very common, and found on all species of trees. They are usually 2 or 3 feet off the ground, but when approached, go higher until out of reach. Often, they merely move to the other side of the tree trunk. They then remain motionless, and the collector can easily approach them if he keeps the trunk between himself and the lizard: a quick look and grab more often than not obtains the specimen.

No text detected

Anolis Hacienda Chulata, 2000', Dep't. Sonsonate, El Salvador May 3, 1942 # 1553 This large Anolis was shot on the tile porch floor of a ranch house. At the time of shooting, it was marked much like a Basiliscus vittatus, the general color being dark greenish-brown, with several very heavy black transverse bars on the dorsum. The interstices between the bars showed some black marking. After almost about 5 minutes in chloroform, the bars had entirely disappeared, and the ground color had changed to a light pea-green. Along the middorsal line, there are 5 dusky areas, all that remains of the black bars. The black chevrons on the nape, and the dark bar over the orbits, were the same before & after. The sculp was also much changed - pale brownish-red in the center, the outer margin orangy red, the whole flecked over all with white. The venter was yellowish-white before & after chloroform.

No text detected

Dana 941. Jaguarana 3 mi. w Monte Cristo mine, 650', Dept. Morazan, El Salvador. Dec. 1, 1941. - 10 a.m. Leity, Pealey, Hildebrand, and I hunted iguanas along the banks of the Rio San Miguel, a wide, shallow stream near the Barrios Mine. We found a large adult male in a small tree by the stream. The lizard was in a limb over the ground, lying motionless. Leity had a .22 rifle. I asked him to shoot the specimen behind the head so as to save the skull. He had hunted iguanas before and assured me that such a shot would not kill these lizards. I asked him to try. He shot the lizard in the nape of the neck. It never moved. He shot it in the same place at about a 30' range, and it started to climb out the limb and over the river. I shot it in the abdominal region with 2 1/2" .410 6's from 20'. Although it was bleeding profusely, it scrambled out the limb and dove to the water. It disappeared and we never saw it again -- We went along the river until we found a large tree, partly overhanging the river, and partly over land. There were one large I about 30' up, and about 6 smaller bright green individuals which

No text detected

Davis 141. Iguana 3 mi. W. Monte Cristóme, 650', Dept Morazan, El Salvador, Dec. 1, 1941. 9-10 a.m. we took to be young. Hildbrand climbed the free and attempted to drive the large ? toward the junk over land, but it made its way slowly to the end of the limb out over the water. We proceeded up the bank to ano- ther tree where we spotted small green spe- cimens. Seitz shot # through the head and we recovered it after it fell to the ground. (899). On skinning, it turned out to be an adult ?, containing 31 spherical eggs, yellowish orange in color, about 3/4" in diameter. We then returned to the tree where we had spot- ted the large ?. It had crawled to a lower branch over land, and Seitz dropped it with a head shot. It was 1420 mm. from snout to tip of tail, and registered 10 lbs. on a small fish scale (900). Color light red scattered in blotches over a fawn ground color. Gular flap dark red. The 2 large pouches behind the angle of the jaws proved to be huge extensions of the masseter muscle. In both ? and ?, there are 2 large effusions of one of the hyoid bones extending into the gular pouch, which evidently enable the lizard to move it in display.

No text detected

Paris 942 Iguana Lake Oronega, Zoo; left San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 12, 1942 Shot an immature measuring 215 x 586 mm. Color was bright green when shot. A few hours later showed general blackish color on dorsum, broken by 2 blotches of greenish running from middorsal line to belly, that on right side just anterior to fdl pelvis, that on left about half- way between pelvis & apilla. 2 narrow streaks of red-brown running from above apilla to ab- domen. Head blackish, jowle + sides of neck green. Throat fan finely mottled red and black. Tect. pol and abdominal region bright greenish-yellow. 6 stripes of yellowish-green, backed by black, running down sides & below onto chest & abdomen. Pelvic region + undersides of legs greenish-yellow. Feb. 21, 1942 While hunting in the jungle W & N of Camp saw a large iguana on a branch near the top of a tall tree. Must have been 50' above the ground. An American egret flew over the tree, and the iguana, taking alarm, dove from the tree, turning a full somersault, and fell all the way to the ground without touching another branch. It landed flat on its belly with a resounding thud and lay there as if dead. When I went over to collect it, the iguana raised itself, ran swiftly to another tree, and climbed rapidly up the trunk and out onto a branch, unharmed.

No text detected

Luisa 1942 Spilosoma Lake Omega, 200' W of St. Ana Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 15, 1942 Walking down a trail in the dense forest about 1 1/2 mi. W of camp, I saw a large individual, and shot it as it lay coiled on the ground. The .38-12 only served to arouse it, and it climbed with amazing rapidity through the branches of a small tree to a height of about 12'; where I shot it with .410-12. It checked its flight and forced me, but was apparently not crippled. I changed to a half load, during which time the snake fell from the tree and crawled rapidly into a dense clump of brush, and out of sight. I ran around to the other side of the brush, and shot it behind the head as it emerged. This stopped it, although it struck wildly several times, and threw a coil around my leg when I stepped on it. The method of proceeding on the ground was much like that of a large racer, straight and steady, but not nearly so fast. (125!) In the afternoon a boy brought in a specimen with its head battered to a pulp. I bought it for 25 centavos. The coloration is radically different from the one took this a.m., being primarily yel- low, whereas mine is mostly black. That the two phases occur commonly is shown by the fact that the natives call the yellow variety "misa" and the black variety "micasala". That there

No text detected

Lake Omega, Zoo; left to San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 15, 1942. Are two names indicate two well-marked phases. A brief description of color follows: 1255 - Snout & sides of head yellow, with black sutures. Top of head black. Anterior 1/2 of body variegated with yellow, but with no definite stripe. There are eleven definite yellow stripes over the posterior 1/2 of the body, the first 5 about 20-25 mm. in width, the last 6 about 15 mm. The scales between the stripes are irregularly speckled & blotched with yellow. The tail has 14 yellow annuli, some of them incomplete. The gastrosteges have black laterally, although this is lacking in some. Most of them have a median path of black. Otherwise the underparts are yellow. The tail is primarily black underneath, with large splotches of yellow. Scales above are black at the base, & beeked, except for the row above the gastrosteges. 1251 - Head so badly mutilated to see anything. Body color primarily yellow, but point of scale edged with black. Over posterior 1/2 of body there are rings of pure yellow scales alternating with interspaces of black-tipped scales, thus showing a faint resemblance to the striping of yellow on black of the other specimen. Under-side pure yellow with no black of any kind.

No text detected

Dave 1942 Spilotes Lake Omega, Zoo; Ref: S. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 15, 1942. Scales of tail much clouded with black, forming definite black interfaces, alternating with rings of fine yellow, or slightly black- speckled yellow scales, the yellow rings showing up much more distinctly on the tail. Under- side of tail yellow, with much clouding of black on most of the scales, there being more clouding on the median sutures, forming a zig-zag black streak medially; interrupted over most of its length by absence of such black on the median sutures. Dorsal scales white at base, or with base lighter yellow than rest of scales. Feb. 16, 1942. Saw 2 more today, both in the dense jungle, but could not get a shot at either. This makes 4 seen or collected in two days. It seems odd that they should not have been seen until yesterday.

No text detected

Hylophilus decurtatus Lake Oronga, 200'; lip St. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 23, 1942. Saw two birds about 30' up in a tree, one chasing the other, and both uttering short, sharp "fee" notes. They flew about adjacent treetops, never going out of sight. Finally the pursuing bird caught the other, and both fell out of the tree some 30 feet to the ground. It appeared as though the two were firmly attached, though how I could not see. Each bird had one wing outstretched, motionless. The pair floated slowly down, spinning slowly round and round as they fell, like a double maple samara. Upon hitting the ground the pair separated & copulation then ensued. I attempted to catch them on the ground during copulation, but they flew at my approach, one up into a nearby tree, the other about 8' off the ground in a low shrub about 20' away. I collected the latter bird (1291). It is a male. Testes were small.

No text detected

chondrohierax uncinatus Lakebomega, zoo, Dept. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 23, 1942 ♀ small #1295 (Complete skeleton) This bird was taken from about 40' up in a large tree about 20 yds. from the Rio San Miguel, it was perched quietly, and never made any sound. Looked for the other member of the pair without success. Measurements in mm. in the flesh:- Wing 292 Tail 215 Tarsus 36 Culmen including cere 31 Bill from anterior edge of cere 20 Depth of bill at anterior edge of cere 18 Total length 454 Middle toe + claw 48 Wingspread 941 Color of soft parts: Beak white. Mandible pale greenish ivory, darker at tip. Anterior portion of cere and gape greenish yellow. Posterior portion of cere black green. Gyring & bristled loreal streak bluish green. Supra-loreal skin yellow. Tarsi + feet orange. Maxilla + claws, black. Head, scapulars, back, and upper tail coverts black, the head feathers with concealed white bases. Nuchal collar light rufous. Remiges dark slaty brown

No text detected

Davis 1942 Chondrohierax uncinatus Lake Omega, 200', Nef Lt. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 23, 1942 Barred with black, sharply on primaries, indistinctly on secondaries. Inner webs of primaries with some white on the iron between the black bars. The outer webs of 7-10 tinged with rufous distally but not terminally. Tail dark slaty-brown with 3 black bands. Rectrices white tipped. Feathers of underparts white, heavily barred with slate brown, reddish brown, & pale buff, the white much reduced or obsolete on feathers of chin, throat, & breast, the whole under- parts presenting a heavily barred aspect. Undertail coverts buffy, with a few narrow transverse, wavy bars of lilac brown. Axil- lars same as feathers of abdomen. Under- wing coverts buffy barred with wavy streaks of slate brown, the greater coverts less buffy, more creamy white. Underside of remiges sharply barred black & white, Silver gray dark some of the interfaces between the black bars pale cinnamon to deep vinaceous. Under side of rectrices barred silver gray & black, some of the interfaces pale reddish- ochra- ceous. Black sharpest on terminal band, but becoming less distinct on all bands laterally. Crop & stomach empty. No fat. Ore small.

1744 6460 5232 1228 12208 1830 = 72 1797 6970 5391 15790 1797 la cubra y la dusea 677 2474 1838 644

urs 2 Trimorphodon Lake Cromeo, Zoo', Dept. St. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 23, 1942 ♀ 1298 Stomach contained a Ctenosaura complete about 2'1/2 ft. long. Left ovary contained 6 eggs, right 7. Eggs about 19 mm. long. This speci- men brought in by a native.

No text detected

Bufo (marinus?) Lake Olomega, 200', left 't. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 24, 1942 Hard several toads calling from the stream, about 30 yds from the hacienda. On investigation turned out to be the same species as that collected at the lake shore on Jan. 27 (1103). The call was the same - a very loud metallic trill suggestive of a riveting machine. The posture in calling seems to be either nearly erect / or with the body more nearly hori- zontal -. The vocal sac is enormous, and ri- gidly distended during the call. However, there is very little tremor noticeable in the sac during produc- tion of the call. After the last note of the trill the sac is partially, but not entirely, relaxed. Each trill lasts also from 5-7 seconds, and the intervals between all are irregular. Sometimes two are given one right after the other; at other times several minutes may elapse between calls. There were 4 individuals within 20 yds, all of them in voice. Two were in water, one on the streambank + one on a rock in the middle of the stream. They took no alarm at my approach and called when the light was turned on them. When one starts a trill, the others seemed to join in - these toads start calling at about one hour after sundown + continue well into the night. My observations were made at 6: 45 p. m.

No text detected

Oedipus E Slope Los Escamiles, 8100+-8600', Dept't Chalatenango, El Salvador March 15, 1942. Went up to the top of the east slope into the moister portions of the cloud forest. At times, the clouds rolled in from the south, condensing on the trees, from which the water fell in a veritable rain. This forest being more exposed to the clouds, the epiphytic growth is more lush, and the tree and forest floor wetter, than in the lower forests. I tore apart numerous fallen logs, and standing stumps. Eriken salamanders of varying size were thus obtained. They were found in moss covered logs, between the covering [crossed out] log moss and the log, or more frequently, in rotten logs, whether moss-covered or not. In the latter site, individuals were found only beneath the sapwood, in no instance being found in the heartwood, no matter how wet, rotten, and easy of access the latter might be. All places where individuals were taken were wet. The first 4 specimens were single, in 4 separate logs. The next 10 were found in one small rotten log, where they were just beneath the sapwood. Some were single, but one intertwin'd group of 3, and another pair, were found associated. These individuals ranged from very small to full adult size. All salamanders uncovered reacted very sluggishly, either remaining motionless, or crawling away very slowly and mechanically with no particular tendency to choose the most obvious places which afforded protection. The fact that 10 specimens

No text detected

Davis 2.42 Dedijus Eslope Los Cosemilas, 8100+-8600+, deft T.Chalatenango, El Salvador March 15, 1942 were found in a log far smaller than those in which single individuals were taken would indicate that there is no log size is not a limiting factor in the number of salamanders inhabiting a given site. #15 was also a single individual. While returning, I came across a partially stripped stump from which I had taken one Dedijus. I stripped off the rest of the sapwood, + located a second on the opposite side of the stump from which I had taken the first. No free-crawling specimens were seen, nor were any seen in the burrows of wood-boring beetles. Dipods, centipedes, millipedes, Scorpions, wood-boring beetles, and white grubs were seen in association with salamanders, and some of these might form a food source. No individuals have been seen in the cloud forest near camp, from 7300+-7800', and the drier nature of the fallen wood + forest floor may be responsible for their absence. However, I have not searched as well in this lower forest as in the upper. Coloration of typical specimens: - legs gray. Tail wholly dark grayish-black, above. Venter coral-pink to reddish orange, often clouded with smoky. Dorsilla reddish. Spot above gular line purplish. Smaller individuals show infusion of red dorsally, + the inner surfaces of the limbs are reddish orange. No bright toes - all colors subdued.

No text detected

Rana E slope Joe Escamilla, 7300', Dep't. Chalatenango, El Salvador March 20, 1942 Stinton and I hunted amphibia along a small stream near camp. This flows at the bottom of a steep-walled draw, and runs north. The canyon walls have been stripped of fo- rest and planted to wheat. Along the stream banks there is fairly heavy vegetation of blackberry bushes, ferns, & a variety of low shrubs and bushes. There are numerous well-defined pools along the watercourse, most of which contain tadpoles. Flow is rapid at the heads of such pools, but slow in the pools themselves. Stinton saw a frog dive into the stream where it widened out into a pool about 10' long, 5' wide, the water about 20" deep at the head end. There was a heavy fern growth on one bank, the plants hanging over the water providing shade. The other bank was of open gravel & rock. The bottom was of fine silt over gravel, with fallen leaves lying over the silt. This frog dove into the water and disappeared beneath the overhanging ferns, which we tore away. The frog came up for air occasionally, always to the shaded bank, & disappeared with great rapidity. Two 12-gauge shotgun charges were shot into the pool in an effort to knock the frog out by concussion, but nothing happened. Stinton then got into the water at the head end of the pool, & cleaned the rocks out of it. We then waited for the water to clear. I was at the lower end of the pool where it narrowed down to a swift trickle. Saw the frog come up to breathe several times, but he was far too fast for us to catch him. Once it sprawled out on the

No text detected

Davis 942 Pava Eslope Fox Esesimiles, 7300', Dept Chalatenango, El Salvador March 20, 1942. bottom over some dead leaves. The dark greenish-brown Dorsum afforded excellent protection concealment against this background. Sturton chased the frog through the silt and finally caught it. However, we had seen a smaller, paler individual in the same pool, so kept after it. Sturton finally chased it out of the silt and it headed toward me. At the same time a third indi- vidual, large & dark like the first, came to the surface. Sturton caught it. The small frog hopped out onto the bank in an effort to get past me, I caught it, while sit- ting on the rocky bank waiting for Sturton to button his shoes, a large dark frog of the same species jum- ped out of the grass and landed next some, I caught it. This is the weirdest, fastest moving free species of frog I have ever tried to catch. All 4 individuals are F's. We heard no frogs in voice all afternoon, although I had heard 5 calling in the a.m. without locating a single one. Inasmuch as Sturton had seen two frogs dive into this same pool yesterday afternoon, it would seem that individuals stay close to the same pool. Coloration: 3 individuals (1405-7) are large & dark. At the time of collection the chin & throat was dark rusty brown, but an hour later, though still alive, chin & throat were a dirty white. Dorsum marbled dark olive-brown & pea- green, former color predominating. Silvery-white line

No text detected

Lana E slope Fox Escumiles, 1300', Dept. Chalatenango, El Salvador March 20, 1942 On upper lip from a point midway between nostril and edge of lip, slanting downward & backward to angle of jaws. Lower lip brown spotted with white. A heavy black streak on outer surface of upper arm. Sides dark greenish brown mottled at lower edge with black. 2 definite dorso-lateral lines. Outer surface of thighs pale olive-green barred with black, inner surface of thighs variegated yellow-olive-green + brownish-black. Lower parts dirty-white & blotched with watery gray. Undersurface of entire leg pale yellow-green speckled with olive. Undersurface of forelimbs pale yellowish; above dark olive-green iris golden yellow with broad medial band of blood-red. Lower margin of iris broken. O <-golden. Tympanic region blackish-brown. A z black stripe from anterior margin of eye, passing through nostril to a point just behind muzzle. A black stripe carries backward from tympani region along lower edge of dorso-lateral stripe, decreasing in width as it passes backwards, & ending just in front of the pelvis. 1408 is smaller, dorso-lateral lines yellowish-white, the lower edge having a very fine black streak along it. Ground color with more yellowish, specimen consequently being far lighter than the other three. Tibio-fibulae very strongly barred with blackish. Otherwise the same.

No text detected

Diary 1942 Shrew 1 mi. N.W. Apaneca, 5'500', dep't. Ahuachapan, El Salvador April 19, 1942 Turned over a log lying on moist ground about 50' from the edge of a cat-tail (Typha) swamp. The log was about 8' long & 1' wide, it was partially rotten. Be- neath it were 2 shrews, which ran in opposite directi- ous as the log was overturned. I caught one, my com- panion the other. There was a nest situated in a slight depression in the ground, where it was covered by the log. It was a loose wad of coarse grass & weeds, thorough- ly dry. It had no definite form, but was about 6" through at its deepest point. The animal I picked up gave vent to several shrill, rasping squeaks, much like a small rat. It struggled violently & attempted to bite. My companion pinioned the other against the ground with his rackete scabbard. When he picked it up it was dead, but in excellent condition, the skin unbroken. In the flesh, these shrews are soft, dark sooty gray above, dark thick gray below. The feet are very pale flesh color. The teeth are pigmented (blackish brown) at their tips. Both were preserved in tobb as formalin specimens.

No text detected

Caecilian Hacienda Zapotitán, 1500', Dept. La Libertad, El Salvador May 9, 1942 #1657 Caught a caecilian under a log. The log was only about 4 ft. long, partially rotten. The caecilian was on top of the ground, which was damp but not soggy. It moved very slowly, but showed a great deal of strength, coiling about a clump of grass at the edge of the depression left by the log, & holding fast to it with the anterior half of the body. The color is a medium lead gray above, Robin's egg-blue below. The blue changed to dirty gray after about 1/2-hrs. in 9-1 formalin sol'n. The cloacal aperture was white. The costal lines are black below, & do not meet, for the most part, those on the r.t. side being anterior to those on the left- aut.

No text detected

Paris 1942 Teiophisma assatum Hacienda Chilata, 2000', Dept. Susmate, El Salvador May 1 - May 7, 1942 The first specimen (1537) was caught in the dust by the side of a trail near a coffee grove. All the rest were taken in the dead leaves beneath the coffee bushes in the groves proper, or in piles of drifted leaves along trails passing through the coffee groves. By shuffling through the leaves, one could scare them to the top of the piles, but they would immediately disappear beneath the leaves again, progressing with undulatory movements of the body, as is typical of long-bodied, short-legged lizards. They were found to be quite common after their habitat was found, but rather hard to catch since they disappeared beneath the leaves so quickly.

No text detected

Gecko Hacienda Jafotitan, /500', Dep't. La Libertad, El Salvador May 9 - May 10, 1942 These geckos were found on the white- washed wall of a large warehouse near the hacienda house. The four taken were the only ones seen. They were rather agile, but seemed to be blinded by the jacklight, & consequently not very difficult to collect.

No text detected

1). Amphibia of El Salvador The Genus Oedipus Diagnosis:-Tongue free all around.Eyes func- tional.Males usually(except in worm-like forms) with swollen snout and enlarged premaxillary (and occasionally maxillary)teeth.Tail with basal constriction(except in worm-like forms). Toes 4-5,webbed partly or fully,or more or less united and rudimentary.Terminal phalanges T- shaped.No palmar tubercles. Key to Oedipus:- 1) Oedipus of normal salamander form,not worm- like,never more than 14 costal grooves,feet and limbs never much reduced,nostrils never large in adult--------------------2 Oedipus of which the above is not true----21 2) Toes not fully webbed-----------------------3 Toes fully webbed-----------------------------13 3) Large species reaching 195 mm.,markings not a light dorsal band,vomerine teeth 13-20 in series--------------------------------------4 Medium and small species,never over 150 mm., markings usually a light dorsal band,vomerine teeth at most 15 in series---------------------6 4) Toes nearly free,a double row of yellow spots, Mexico-------------------------------bellii Toes about half webbed,no dorsal markings--5 5) Toes more webbed,no light ring at base of tail, Honduras------------------------------------schmidtii Toes less webbed,a light ring at base of tail, Costa Rica---------------------------------robustus 6) Small species not over 90 mm.,toes nearly free, 9 or fewer teeth in vomerine series---------7 Medium species,toes usually half webbed,9 or more teeth in vomerine series------------------9 7) Vomerine series very oblique,beginning at in- er edge of nares,inner toe rudimentary,tail

No text detected

Amphibia of El Salvador The Genus Oedipus 7) longer than head and body, eastern Mexico---- ----------------------------------------------chiropterus Vomerine series more transverse, beginning outside inner edge of nares, inner toe not rudimentary--------------------------------------8 8) Tail shorter than head and body, western Mexi- co---------------------------------------------sulcatus Tail longer than head and body, Guatemala---- -------------------------------------------------rex 9) Toes nearly free, a groove from eye to gular fold, Mexico-----------------------------------cephalicus Toes half or more webbed, no groove from eye to gular fold----------------------------------10 10) Two phalanges of third toe free, Guatemala---- -------------------------------------------------rostratum Less than two phalanges of third toe free--11 11) One phalanx of third toe free---------------12 Less than a whole phalanx of third toe free, Colombia and Venezuela-------------------------adspersus 12) Two very different color phases, one with light belly, Guatemala and Honduras----morio No light color phase, Costa Rica and Panama-- ------------------------------------------------subpalmatus 13) Belly unpigmented---------------------------------14 Belly pigmented-------------------------------------15 14) A dorsal light area with large dark spots outlined with light, Pacific Coast, Mexico to Costa Rica--------------------------------------salvinii Dark with two dorsolateral light lines, Guate- mala and Chiapas-------------------------------attitlanensis 15) Belly striped, yellow and blackish brown, Nica- ragua and Costa Rica---------------------------striatulus Belly not striped----------------------------------16 16) Dorsal area of clear yellow, with or without black spotting or streaking, Mexico to Hondu-

No text detected

3). Amphibia of El Salvador The Genus Oedipus 16) ras------------------------platydactylus Dorsal area not of clear yellow----------17 17) Large species over 150 mm.----------18 Small species under 100 mm.--------------19 18) Legs longer,black with dirty yellowish or red- dish dorsal area,Costa Rica and Panama----- ---------------------------lignicolor Legs shorter,brown with ochre mottlings,Yuca- tan,Guatemala--------------------yucatanus 19) No maxillary teeth------------------20 Maxillary teeth present,east face of Andes, Colombia to Bolivia--------------altamazonicus 20) A dermal ridge across head,dark with lighter streaking,Panama-----------------colonneus No dermal ridge across head,a lighter dorsal area,Mexico and Guatemala------rufescens 21) Toes free or nearly so(nostrils large)----22 Toes much reduced,entirely webbed---------23 22) 2-3 costal folds between appressed toes,Hon-a duras---------------------------nasalis 6 costal folds between appressed toes,Costa Rica------------------------------picadoi 23) Nostrils large in adult,not worm-like----24 Nostrils not large in adult,worm-like----25 24) Teeth on maxilla,4-5 costal folds between ap- pressed toes,Mexico--------------townsendi No teeth on maxilla,6 costal folds between appressed toes,Mexico------------pennatulus 25) Costal grooves 14,snout blunt,Mexico------ ---------------------------lineolus Costal grooves 17 or more-------------26 26) Snout blunt,eyes large--------------27 Snout sharp,eyes small-----------------28

No text detected

4). Amphibia of El Salvador The Genus Oedipus 27) Costal grooves 17,Panama--------------complex Costal grooves 19,Panama to Honduras--------- --------------------uniformis 28) Costal grooves 17,Colombia to Panama---------- ---------------------------parvipes Costal grooves 19-20------------------------29 29) Larger,maxillary teeth present,basal constrict- tion of tail present,19 costal grooves,Nica- ragua to Panama--------------collaris Smaller,no maxillary teeth,no basal constric- tion of tail,Costa Rica------------alfaroi

No text detected

Read Aug 4 1942 J Davis Salvador trip MB- Specimen register removed to temporary binder, while birds are being cataloged. 8/4/42

No text detected

Davis. 1941. Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Depto San Miguel, El Salvador. Nov. 28, 1941. Drove to this locality from San Miguel in early afternoon. The mine is about 11 mi. north of San Miguel. The country here was once heavily timbered, but the first growth has been cleared off to provide fuel for the mines hereabout. As far as the eye can see, a heavy Acacia succession has taken place, resulting in an extensive area grown to low, thorny scrub. The mine proper covers a fairly extensive area, and has numerous shops and buildings scattered about the property. The layout is controlled by E.P. Thompson, who showed us every courtesy upon our arrival. He had already cleared a space for our camp. Five of us spent the night in a house occupied by J.L. Leitz, a mining engineer who graduated from Stanford in 1940. Nov. 29, 1941. Spent the entire day setting up camp, in which we received invaluable aid from Thompson. Our campsite is on a knoll above one of the mine buildings, in a grove of trees which provide moderate shade. We are about 1/2 mile east of Divisadero, where Stitt and Van Rossem collected some 15 years ago. After supper Gealey and I went to one of the mine

No text detected

- Davis 941. Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Dept. Morazan, El Salvador Nov. 29, 1941. Buildings to bathe, and outside the building under an electric light collected four Bufo (883-886) which were probably attracted by the legs about the light. They appear to be of two different species. Nov. 30, 1941. Hunted lizards for a short while in early a.m. collected 1 Diranga ludoricens, 1 Teledytes rufinuda, which is quite common here, inhabiting the brush in groups of 4-6, and, on my return to camp, 1 Buteo magnirost- is from a ceiba tree. After lunch got an Anolis (893), + 2 small lizards (891-892); the former from a small tree, and the latter on a pile of broken rock overgrown with weeds. Took a walk toward Diriadero; on the way collected 2 small Ctenosaura completa (895-896). This lizard, known to the natives as "garoba", reaches a length of from 1-3 feet. The big adults are very wary. They are found on trees, in the brush, and on the woodpiles about the mine. Although they move slowly, they start to escape when one gets within 10 or 20 feet. The young, which are very bright green about the head and dorsum, were easily approached and shot. They seem to prefer brushy places and

No text detected

Davis. 1941. 3 Monte Cristo mine, Zoo, Dep't Morazan, El Salvador. Nov. 30, 1941. are often found on the brush fences erected by the natives. The Divisadero road is very dusty and runs between cultivated fields for the most part. Took a Cnemidophorus (894) on a dry open bank by the roadside. The acacia-grown pastures near Divisadero were unproductive. Went along a road running north from Di- visadero. Saw a large adult Benosaura in the grass by the roadside. It disappeared down a hole about 6 inches across, perfectly round and smooth, and running absolutely straight down at least 6 feet. I could not touch bottom with a stick at least 6 feet long. Found a snake lying dead in the road, too far gone to collect. On my return to camp found that Hildebrand had collected a worm-snake (M.H.809) found at the corner of the hut. Dec. 1, 1941. Leitz took Paley, Hildebrand, and I over to the Barrio mine, 3 mi. W. of the Monte Cristo mine, to hunt iguanas. He shot a Herpobolius cachimans which I skeletonized. I took 2 young Benosaura from a brush fence surrounding a cornfield. Went down to a stream, the Rio Grande, where Leitz shot two iguanas. See species notes for this date.

No text detected

anre. 41. 4 Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Dept. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 2, 1941. Have been having trouble with an old operation. Consequently am sticking pretty close to camp. Caught 3 small brown-leaded lizards. They are the commonest reptile around here, and are to be found everywhere - in rocks, brush, on roads, about buildings, etc. Caught 2 Anolis, 1 on the ground and 1 from a tree. Also a brown skink from a rock-pile. Skinned a ? iguana brought in by the natives. Dec. 3, 1941. Feeling worse. Spent most of today in bed at camp. Some natives brought in a live ? Chos-saura. It was absolutely untouched. Capturing one of these alive is quite a feat, since they start making their escape when one approaches within 20 feet. Skinned this "garrobo". Later in the afternoon natives brought in a large colubrid snake called "sumadora", It measured 2543 mm. in length. Was feeling very bad by this time, so Hildebrand skinned it for me. Dec. 4 - Dec. 16, 1941. In hospital & convalescing in San Salvador. Returned to Monte Cristo with E.P. Thompson a.m. of Dec. 16.

No text detected

laure. 41. 5 Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Def't. Morazan, El Salvador. Dec. 17, 1941. Hunted around camp in a.m. Got 4 small lizards (919-922) in a drain tunnel. Also 5 Anolis and 1 Cactile (see species account). In the afternoon Sturton and I went over to Barrios Mine (3 mi. W Monte Cristo Mine, 650'). Got 2 more cactiles, assorted lizards, and a red-legged box tortoise that Sturton found near the San Miguel River. Sturton and I also hunted bats in a banana grove. Found several Euderma hanging to the undersurface of the banana leaves. Sturton took seven. In the evening Haley, Leitz, and I went night-hunting. Leitz shot an armadillo, and I caught 3 frogs in a scrub-grown pasture well away from water. Also caught a gecko, probably Coleonyx mitratus. It was also in the scrub-grown pasture on the ground. It was sluggish, but when caught struggled & attempted to bite. In my absence, Leitz shot a gecko on his porch of a different species than this one. There has been only 1 species recorded from El Salvador heretofore (C. mitratus). 1 mi. SE Quisadero, 850', Def't. Morazan, El Salvador. Dec. 18, 1941. Tucker & I went to this locality and collected from 8-12 a.m. There was not much in the way of reptiles and amphibians. Caught 1 small lizards (935-6) in a boggy area near a small stream. Also a

No text detected

1 mi. SE Divisadero, 850', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador. Dec. 18, 1941. Large lizard, either Cnemidophorus or Ameiva (940), and an Orange-headed Sceloporus (939), both taken on the boulder-strown bank of a well-shaded, rapidly flowing stream. Also caught from an agave fence near Divisadero (927-see species accounts). These agave fences are quite common here, and are vir- tually impenetrable. The plants are shaped V and are spiny. These fences are the favorite habitat of young Ctenosaura completa, as they can easily get protection by crawling between the agave leaves. Other species are not found in those fences very often. Returned to camp about 1:30 p.m. and spent the rest of the afternoon rearranging jars, etc. Seitz's native boy brought me a box tortoise of a different species than the one obtained yester- day. It was taken from a pool in a stream on the mine property. Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 19, 1941 Took a long hike from 8 a.m.-12:30 p.m. trying to get snakes or new species of lizards. Walked several miles east of camp and scoured the Mimosa scrub without success. Cnemidophorus are by far the most common lizard in the Mimosa scrub- where there is no tree growth, but all the in- dividuals are very small. Out of at least

No text detected

Dec. 19, 1941. Route Cristo mine, too; left's moraga, El Salvador. 100 Ctenodolurus seen on this hike, only one adult was seen. Cut south into Divisadero and climbed a steep hill just SE of the town. A native told me that he had seen squirrels on this hill, but I saw neither squirrels or sign. The most noticeable thing on this trip was the hordes of grasshoppers along the trails. In the afternoon drove to Barrios mine with Seitz. Went into the banana grove wherein Stinton had collected the Enderma Dec 17. There were none there, but I shot a new species of Aulicis, distinguished from the common species here by a plain pale orange throat fan without blue spot, a series of transverse black bars across the back shaped [illegible], and black and white vermiculation on the head. I collected it from a fallen banana plant (943). Also collected a brown skink (944). I heard it as it rustled through the dead banana leaves on the ground. At my approach it ran up a banana plant and tried to escape behind one of the broad, dead leaf stalks on the bole of the tree, where I caught it. Then stripped the stalks from several other plants hoping to uncover lizards, but without success. A short time afterwards, I shot a Crophius lineator (945)

No text detected

Monte Cristo Mine, Too; Depto S. Morazan, El Salvador. Dec. 19, 1941. From the weeds by the side of a dry road running through the Barrios settlement. Dec. 20/41 Hunted Thompson's garden for worm-snakes. Leitz told me that he had often seen them in damp & muddy places there. Thompson told his native gardener what I was looking for, and to help me in my search. The gardener seized a shovel and headed for the nearest muddy spot, under a dripping water faucet; shovel- ed up some earth--uncovered a fine mess of earthworms. I straightened him out as to what I was after, but we found no snakes though we hunted high & low. Found one Pana (941) under some slatting beneath a faucet. Returned to camp & collected some Avalie & Brownheaded lizards in the afternoon. Also prepared the lotoise Leitz sent me Dec. 18. Dec. 21, 1941. Prepared an opossum which some native boy had brought from Divisadero the day before. Stinton, Gealey, & Leitz went to look over a fossil locality at Gigante, 2 mi. SE of Monte Cristo. Stinton saw a large gray Colubrid (960) of the same species as 912; on the brushy bank of a small stream. When he went after it the snake took

No text detected

livera 1941 9 Monte Cristo Mine, too, left Moran, El Salvador. Dec. 21, 1941. To the water, & swam back under the bank, which was cut under. Stirton pinned it against the bank with his geologic pick and then picked it up. It was in perfect shape when he brought it back. I skinned it & saved the skeleton com- plete. It was highly parasitized. The mesentery along the spinal column was shot with nemas- tode worms, & there were 3 large yellow tapeworms in the left lung. One of the worms had actually perforated the lung. The stomach was empty. Some native names for reptiles & amphibians:- Frog rana Toad sapo Gray Colubrid sumbadora Spilotes pullatus Micasola Corophis lineatus Guarda Camino (this name also applies to a second species of snake which I have not seen yet) Trotalus sp. Cascabel Boa Masaguake Lizard (913, 923, 924, etc.) Cantil Iguana Iguana Crocodilus Lagarto Gnorosaurus completa Garrobo Tomorrow we & break camp, & Tuesday leave for Int. Lacaguatique -

No text detected

Davis, 41. Monte Cristo Mine, 700', Dept. Morazan, El Salvador Rec. 21, 1941. Short Summaries of status of some lizards: Iguana Common in large trees along streams. Genosaura completa. Widely distributed. Found especially in agave fences; also in woodfiles, old mine shafts, & in trees. Anolis (with blue spot on throat fan) Very com- mom in wooded terrain, and about wood fences. Restricted almost entirely to fence fence posts. Virtually absent from Mimosa scrub. Brownheaded lizard Not found in Mimosa scrub or grassland, but the most common lizard in wooded terrain and about buildings. Cnemidophorus sp. The most common lizard of the Mimosa scrub and along roads and trails through the scrub. Lantil Found almost entirely near water, along river and stream banks, and in Jule growth where found. Seems to have established definite colonies, consequently found in separated localities, & not evenly distributed. Lonophis lineatus Seems to be found mostly along roads & roadsides, & other flat places free from growth. Bicolored lizard Associated with brownheaded lizard, but not nearly as common.

No text detected

Dave, 941. Monte Cristo Mine — Int. Tacaguaque. Dec. 22, 1941. This day was devoted entirely to packing. With our large outfit it was no easy job. After supper Stinton reached Joe Marshall by telephone in San Salvador. He and Douglas Elliott had just arrived there today. They are to meet us in Gotera tomorrow, & proceed with us to Mt. Tacaguaque. Dec. 23, 1941. Finished packing, and loaded our stuff out a truck, including ourselves. Drove over a rough dirt road to Gotera, about 8 m. NW of Monte Cristo. Gotera is the capital of the department of Morazan. It is a dirty town of some 10,000 inhabitants. We did some shopping, & then loaded our equipment onto several Carretas (Carts with 2 solid wooden wheels drawn by 2 oxen), which left for Tacaguaque. They will arrive there tomorrow afternoon. Stayed around the hotel the rest of the day. Went to bed at 9:30 P.M., but was woken by the tumultuous arrival of Marshall and Elliott at 9:30. Dec. 24, 1941. Everyone but Stinton, Marshall, and I left for Tacaguaque about 7:15 a.m. Joe and I took a bird-walk & left Stinton in town trying to get a carreta to take Joe's & Elliott's luggage to the mountain. Joe & I returned to down to find that Stinton

No text detected

Davis 1941. 12 Monte Cristo Mine - Mt. Lacagnatique. Dec. 24, 1941. had already left. Joe and I set out on foot, and walked until about 10:15 a.m. when we caught up with the rest of the party at Uluaquin, a small town, where they had stopped at a native woman's house for something to eat. Joe and I ate, and then we all went on together. There is a continuous rise from Jotera to the town of Delicias de Concepcion, several miles be- yond Uluaquin. About 1 1/2 miles beyond Deli- cias de Concepcion the road turns road leading to General Jose Thomas Calderon's coffee ranch (Finca San Carlos) leaves the main highway and goes west, leading up the east slope of Mt. Lacagnatique. Up to this turn-off, the country was much the same as at Monte Cristo, savinosa scrub interspersed with cornfields and banana groves. Lizards were scarce, but young of Utenosaura completa were seen in agave fen- ces all the way to the turnoff. Just outside Ulu- aquin I saw a fence lizard (Sceloporus) which was brown above with two yellow bars several stripes. This was a species not heretofore sen, and this first individual was on the side of a tree at an estimated 1000' altitude. The road to Calderon's finca passes through grass- land, reaching the oak belt at about 1800'. There

No text detected

la Davis 1941. Monte Cristo Finca - Mt. Cacagnatique. Dec. 24, 1941. oaks, all the way to the top, are scraggly and of small size, not over 14" in diameter and the tallest barely reaching 30' in height. Numerous Sclerophrys, of the species above-mentioned, were seen all the way to the top. At about 3500' we saw two or three pines, probably Pinus oocarpa, and they increased in abundance up to about 4400', where they were mixed with the oaks, though not nearly so numerous. Stirt collected a bicolor lizard (Anolis) at 3700', and I collected a ring-necked snake at about 4200' (962) as it wriggled across the oak-leaf-strewn road. It was olive-brown above, with a fine black dorso-lateral stripe about half way between the mid-dorsal line and the gastrosteges. Underneath the anterior 1/3 were yellowish gray, the posterior 1/3 mottled with bright orange-red. Behind the head was a white ring. It resembled a young Diadophis annulatus. We arrived at the finca c. 2:00 p.m. The place is ours, including shower-bath, radio, etc. There is even someone to cook for us. The altitude of the main house, where we are staying, is 4600', on the north slope of Mt. Cacagnatique. The summit of this north slope is about 5100'. All most of the slopes for

No text detected

Davis 1941. 14 N slope Mt. Tecaguitica, 4600, Dept Morazan, El Salvador. Dec. 24, 1941. A good distance around are planted with coffee. The undercover has been stripped, but the trees left in situ. The coffee is planted beneath the trees, which provide shade for the coffee. Even the trees, however, are small, and are probably fourth or fifth growth. Over the summit of the north slope, however, the finca has not been cleared, and there is dense undercover beneath the trees. The ridge at the summit is very sharp, and the south slope falls away abruptly. There are numerous streams on the finca, and many springs and damp places. There is one large stream which runs at the bottom of a canyon on the east slope. It is bordered with lush vegetation. The finca is about 12 miles NNW of Gotera. The climate is excellent, quite cool, and not nearly so humid as Monte Cristo. There is a touch of cloud forest on the northern summit. The clouds rolled in at about 4 p. m. Went right hunting after supper. There must be three different species of Hyla here, judging from the different call notes. They are very numerous, but are extremely difficult to locate. I caught one sitting on a fallen oak leaf in the middle of a wet, muddy, grassy area at the base of a (963)

No text detected

N slope Mt. Tacaguate, 4600', Dept. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 24, 1941. Spring rising from the side of a rocky road cut. Heard an owl- three well-spaced, low-pitched hoots. Dec. 25, 1941 Went down the east slope, to the bottom of a deep ravine, where there is a large, rapidly flowing stream. The immediate borders of the banks are grassy, but beyond the grass are fairly dense shrub growths, & several species of trees, including banana plants. The ravine was cool and well shaded when I was there. Collected 2 Hyla (964+965) from the grass at the bank's edge. They were not calling, but jumped away at my approach & attempted to reach the stream. I started several others but they reached the stream and disappeared into the silt at the bottom of the pools. Several of these pools had numerous Hyla tadpoles in them. Some individuals were calling- a single prolonged note, hard & flat- Kree- ee -ee, quite unlike our Hyla regilla. Saw a Lessor Motmot in the underbrush. The altitude I estimated at about 4000'. Went up the road about 200' and shot 2 Sceloporus variabilis from a fallen log by the side of the trail & the scrub oak belt, at about 4200'. Returned to the hacienda and Stirbu gave me a Hyla he had caught near camp. Shot 2 Sceloporus varia-

No text detected

N slope Mt. Tacaguate, 4600', Dept. Morgan, El Salvador Dec. 25, 1941. Bills from an open wire-walled shed right be- hind the ranch house (970). The ♂ has 2 large rose-colored blotches bordered internally with blue on the belly, which the ♀ lacks. [illegible] After lunch Stinton and I caught 1 Ameiva undulate in the garden in front of the ranch- house (967+968). One was a large adult, the other subadult. These lizards are very suggestive of Luvindophorus in their actions and methods of locomotion. Spent the afternoon on a ridge below the summit of the north slope looking for snakes, but saw nothing. In the evening took Joe Marshall to the spring where I had heard the owl the night before. We heard one owl which sounded like Otus asio, another which sounded like Otus dickopsis, and later, the same owl I had heard the night before. None of them, how- ever, could be called within shooting range. Dec. 26, 1941. Spent the morning on the peak of the north slope in the oak forest, and down the south slope a few hundred feet. There are supposed to be snakes of all kinds up here. I turned over logs and rocks, kicked apart brush piles, tore epiphytes from trees, and looked on the ground, up in the trees, in short covered the area thoroughly, both in the shade & the sunlight,

No text detected

Paris. 941. N slope Int. Cacaquique, 4600', Elp't. Morayan, El Salvador Dec. 26, 1941. and found 1 subadult Aneiva which I did not collect. The south slope at this point slopes off abruptly. It is mostly grass and scrub land. cursory examination turned up 1 subadult Aneiva, also uncollected. Further to the west there is dense undergrowth and a few larger trees. I had investigated this area yesterday, without results. Noticed many new birds in the oaks, including Trogon elegans, Piranga leucoptera, and Tityra semifasciata.. I went back down the slope and started up the road to Camp. This road is bordered on both sides by coffee groves. Passed a native who was peering intently at something under the coffee bushes a few feet from the road. As I approached, he turned and said, "corral", which is the native name for the coral snake, Micrurus #971. The snake was crawling down the slope among the dead leaves beneath the coffee bushes, rather slowly. The red color, broken with yellow & black annuli, showed up well, but it was hard to tell what part of the snake one had in view, as it was crawling beneath the leaves. The uniformity in the diameter of the body from head to anus added to the deception. I stepped on it and put a stick behind its head. It was quite active and struck several times at my boot. After I secured it in my hand, I noticed that I had torn

No text detected

N slope but Lacagnatque, 4600', Dept T Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 26, 1941. Off a small patch of skin from the middle of the body where I had stepped on it. The terminal portion of the tail was also missing, but this had eviden- tly been lost some time before as the wound appeared quite old. Once in hand, the snake made no further attempts to escape or bite. It is a small specimen, measuring only 288 + 119 mm. In the afternoon I returned to the north summit and investigated the only area there that I had not already covered. This included some second growth, mostly oak, with an extremely heavy undergrowth of shrubs and vines. Saw nothing. So far as I am concerned, the north summit must have been recently visited by St. Patrick, the emi- nent Irish herpetologist. Returned to camp through a large coffee grow, planted on both sides of a draw, on the bottom of which is a small, grass-bordered stream, the creek which passes across the road a few hundred yards below camp. Collected 1 Hylo from the grass (972 + 973) by the stream side. They are both larger than any I have collected so far, but I believe that they are of the same species. Numerous individuals were in voice at this time, and their call sounded the same as that described in my notes of Dec. 25. Spent the evening in camp.

No text detected

N slope Mt. Tacaguatipe, 4600', Spt't Morazan, El Salvador Rec. 17/1941 Walked down the main road, about 1 mile down the East slope. Shot an adult Ameiva as it crawled about in a smut weed patch by the roadside at about 4000'. Went on down the slope, and down the canyon to the stream where I went Dec. 25, only about 300' farther down in altitude. The stream here is much the same as it is above. Caught 2 Hyla (975 & 976) on the moist dirt bank of the stream, which is about 3' wide at this point. Beyond the dirt the bank was littered with large rocks, fallen things, & leaves. The trees at the bottom of the canyon are large and fairly dense, and the sunlight filters through weakly and in small patches. The atmosphere at this location is cool and moist. These Hyla wherever found seem to be restricted to watercourses and their vicinity. Noticed no tadpoles here, as the stream is quite a bit more rocky than above, and consequently there are fewer pools. In the early P.M. went down the west slope. In a coffee grove west of camp, at about 4300', I took my first specimen of Sceloporus malachitus. I saw it on top of a large, well shaded, fallen log beneath the coffee bushes. As I was about to fire it ran down the log and crawled beneath it. After about a 10 minute wait, it re- appeared from the other side of the log, and I shot it as its head came into view. The head is green, and sharply defined from the back, which is covered with light brown semi-transparent scales, with dark brown heels. The upper

No text detected

N slope Mt. Tacaguapi, 4600', left St. Morgan, El Salvador Dec. 27, 1941. Part of the tail is bright metallic blue green, and the upper sides of the legs are bright metallic green. The throat is dark blue, and the sides of the pectoral & abdominal regions are pale blue, with a median white line separating the blue areas. There are 2 black scapular patches which extended to the lower throat, but meet neither on the throat nor nape. The lizard is about 320 mm. long and pre- sents a very striking appearance. Further down the west slope found a small stream at the bottom of a canyon. It was quite narrow, and densely loaded over with vines, through which protruded small trees growing on the stream banks. Caught style (979) from grass covered with cut corn stalks between the stream and a cornfield on the canyon wall. Stirt told me that the country here has changed con- siderably since he was here in 1925. Much of the virgin timber has been cleared off and the land planted to coffee. Most of the oak forest on the north slope has been well brushed out, and is ready for coffee-plan- ting. In another 10 years the top of the steep south slope will probably be the only virgin country on the mountain. This will undoubtedly have a marked effect on the bird and mammal life, and on the larger snakes, but the smaller snakes and the lizards, and amphibious should continue to maintain their

No text detected

Davis 1941. 21 N slope Mt. Tacaguate, 4600', N of St. Morazan, El Salvador. Dec. 27, 1941. numbers. diminution of smaller mammals will doubtless cut seriously into the food supply of the larger snakes, & the clearing of brush and the continued presence of people over cleared areas due to coffee-growing operations means a lack of hiding places and increased contact with hu- mans, who constitute the most formidable enemy of snakes in this area. The smaller snakes either go unnoticed, or seem to have adapted themselves to civilization. In this regard I am thinking especially of Micrurus, which is widely distributed and fairly common over its range. But the boas, Sun- badoras, micasalas, rattlesnakes, and other lar- ger forms are bound to suffer, as they have about Monte Cristo. Therefore it is well that these mountain tops are being collected now, as they will undoubtedly be radically changed from their original state within a few years. This area is not well suited to for herpetological collecting, as it is not hot enough to support a va- r[illegible] reftile population, and not moist enough, as are true cloud forest areas, to support a varied amphibian population. It is more or less between the reptile and the amphibion zones, and consequently the representation of both classes is rather poor, both as to numbers and variety.

No text detected

N slope Mt. Tacaguate, 4600', Ref't. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 28, 1941. Took a long walk in the morning; went west of camp several miles, and made a big circle, returning southwest of camp. Hit all kinds of country except pine forest, i.e. coffee, cleared oak, uncleared oak, and grassland. Altitudinally I ranged from about 3900'-5000'. Saw not one reptile all the time I was out. Collected a Troglodytes musculus which I gave to Joe Marshall. In the p.m. the finca manager supplied me with a native guide who was supposed to know where there were many snakes. He took me up the north slope to the ridge below the summit, pointed to a narrow winding path leading down the steep south slope, told me to walk down the path and I would run across all sorts of snakes. I went down the slope about a quarter of a mile, and saw only two Ameiva undulate, both very young individuals. I returned to camp same specimens, & to pass the time, put up an immature Piranga (180) that Joe gave me. Santiago, our native boy, told me that there was a place along the road to Ocotal, a small village NE of here, that was teeming with snakes, including the dread TOMAGAS, a very venomous, coal-black snake with two heads, that progresses not by crawling, but by alternate leaps of the two heads. He told me that he had seen one near Monte Cristo. In the evening,

No text detected

Davis 941, 23 N slope Mt Cacaguatique, 4600', Dept. Morazan, El Salvador Dec. 28, 1941. After supper, I went owl-hunting with most unfortunate results. There is a species of owls quite common here that has a three hoot call - WHOO-WHO-who. I gave one of these calls, and was rewarded by having a large owl light in the top of an oak tree by the side of the road. I shone its eyes, t shot it with #10, wounding it so that it could not fly. It then scrambled over the interlacing tree tops to a point about 30 yds. up the bank, uttering squeezing and chuckling notes; I followed and waited for it to drop. Slanted my shotgun against a tree and waited. Pretty soon the owl fell from the tree a few yards up the bank from where I was standing. I ran up the bank to look for the owl, but could not find it. Then thought I would go back to the place where I had left my gun, and get reoriented. Couldn't find the gun. Spent a frantic hour looking for it, then marked the spot and went back to camp. Dec. 29. Went out to look for the gun before breakfast. Still couldn't find it. Returned to camp to eat. t met Shirin on his way out. He said that he would look for the gun while I was eating. After breakfast went back to the gun site. Shirin, of course, had already found it. Spent sometime

No text detected

Davis 1941. 24 N slope hut, Cacaguatigue, 4600', Def't Morazon, El Salvador Dec. 29, 1941. Looking for the owl, unsuccessfully. Consequently Got off to a late start. Took a walk west of camp to a grove of bushed-out oak forest, and shot an Adult ♂ Piculus rubiginosus (982) from about 30' up in an oak tree. A few minutes later I took an immature ♂ Myiarchus tuberculifer from about 20' up in an oak a scant 30 yds. from the tree where I shot the woodpecker. Both birds were silent. Heard 2 Guatemala Ivory-billed woodpeckers at work. They have a definite rhythm, a double beat that sounds like 2 shots from an automatic rifle, then a pause, double-beat, pause, etc. This dis- distinguishes them from the ivory-billed pileated woodpeckers, which seem to have no regular rhythm, too much softer blow. Returned to camp and skinned. Hunted after lunch. Shot an adult ♂ Monodus lessoni (983) from a coffee-brush a few yards within a grove. This bird has a predilection for cool, dark places, is usually silent. At times it gives vent to an owl-like hoot; broken flight moves the tail in an arc — like the pendulum of a clock. Took an adult Hylocharis leucotis as it fed from a patch of red Gentianum-like flowers about 2' above the ground by the side of the trail. Reached the ridge and turned back down the trail. Noticed an absence of Collared Swifts

No text detected

Davis 1941 25 N slope, Mt. Tocagua, 4600', Dept. J. Morgan, El Salvador Dec. 29, 1941 over the ridge, where they are usually abundant. This was at about 2:30 p.m. At about 2:45 p.m. as I was heading north down the slope, a flock of at least 100 swifits passed overhead at an altitude of about 100 feet, leading for the ridge. They seem to move about in a con- fect flock. Town down took a Lisiolpha melano- cyana (985-ad. 4) from a coffee bush about 2' above the ground. It was one of a flock of about 15. 9 out of 10 flocks of these jays that one runs across is accompanied by an equally large flock of underwood Orioles (Icterus chrysater). Both birds are very noisy, & such a mixed flock can be heard from a considerable distance. Right near the coffee mill, a few hundred feet from camp, I saw an Central American Squirrel Larkoo (Sciuracayana stitori) sitting about 10' up in a shade tree in the middle of a small coffee grove. Took the bird (986). Skinned the rest of the p. m. Owl-hunted after supper, but for only a short time as my flashlight bulb burned out. Joe took a three-hooter owl tonight. It is Lic- caba nigata, & is quite common here. I heard several tonight, but could do nothing without my light.

No text detected

slopes Mt. Cacaguatque, 4600', Dep't Morgan, El Salvador Dec. 30, 1941. Went with Stirt and Elliott to Stirt's trap-line south and west of camp. While he was resetting traps I shot 2 immature Hedyornis ludovicianus, neither of which I saved. I saw one, and did not know what it was, so shot it to identify it. The charge brought two birds down. Took a ♀ Hylocharis lencotis (987) from a small brush near a grove of oaks. Stirt, Elliott, & I then started for Stirt's Rheomys sets in a stream at the bottom of a canyon to the west. We had gone but a short way when I shot a large woodbewer from the side of a small tree, about 10' from the ground, as it spiralled around the tree-trunk. This was in a sun-lit coffee grove. The bird flew across a small swale and hung upside-down from a limb of another tree, the bird again about 10' from the ground, and keeping silent. It was obviously crippled. I hit it with .410, but it only changed position, moving farther out the limb, but remaining upside down. I then walked over and attempted to shake it out of the tree, without success. Stirt then shot it with .38, and it finally fell. It struggled violently when picked up and used its claws to good effect. It took me at least 8 or 10 minutes to kill it by squeezing it. It turned out to be an adult ♂ Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus, the third specimen from this 26

No text detected

Davis 941 1942 27 N slope Int Lacagnatique, 4600; left Morgan, El Salvador Dec. 30, 1941. country. The iris was light reddish brown, and the bill bluish horn-color. The ovary was not enlar- ged, and the bird was not fat. The median gony- decal ridge, by which Ridgway separates the genus in his key, was scraped off by the tip of my pliers as I twisted a piece of wire about the bill. Saved partial skeleton. Went to the Rheonys sets, and on the way back Stinton shot a hawk from about 15' up in an oak tree (989). I could not definitely assign it to species. It was exceedingly fat, so I washed it and partially dried it, and left it to air. The excessive amount of fat makes me think it a migrant, possibly a red-tail of some well separated race. Dec. 31-Jan. 2. In bed with great flu. Joe Marshall fi- nished hawk for me. Jan. 3, 1942. Felt somewhat shaky, so fellow-nivalded Pealy and I took a short walk. Bill took a Troglodytes nu- culus from a brush pile in back of the house. The bird acted much like a winter wren, uttering a distinct churring note and keeping well hidden in the brush. When flushed it flew directly to another brush pile a few feet away, and when flushed again flew to still another brush heap. However

No text detected

Davis 1942. 28 N slope Mt. Tacagnatique, 4600', Dept Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 3, 1942. it perched on a twig out in the open, and Gealey shot it with the .22 Shad pistol. Then went down a trail behind camp. This leads through some fine oak country - tall trees and fairly dense undercover. The day was foggy with the sun breaking through for short periods. Consequently the birds were fairly active even though we did not get out until about 8:00. Took a Tiranga flava (991 ♂) from about 30' up in an oak tree. The bird was silent. Shot a tiranga leucoptera (992 ♀) as it fed on some small green berries, about 8' up in a bush. It had one berry in its mouth when I dropped it. It was feeding actively, more like a warbler than a tanager. Bill shot a Tyrannus verticalis (993 ♂) from about 50' up in a dead tree by the road side. The last bird taken was a Turdus grayi (994 ♀) sitting on a coffee bush by the road side. Jan. 4, 1942. Still not over my sickness. Took a short bird walk down the road north of camp. Took ad. ♂ Myiochanes fertinae (995) perched on a dead stub about 40' above the ground. Just before I shot the bird had flown out and captured a large red insect and was pulling it apart when I shot. Got a Lityos (996) from about 30' up in an oak tree. This bird has a cell remi -

Davis 1942. 29 N slope Mt. Lacaguatique, 4600', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 4, 1942. accent of a clock being wound, but has a faintly frog-like quality. Took 2 Band-tail Lizards (997-998) from about 12' in a scrub oak in a fairly bushy oak grove. They were sitting mo- tionless & silent. On skinning, found their crops full of black berries and steminate catkins, perhaps oak flowers. Shot a Sceloporus variabilis (999) from the top of a pile of oak faggots, and a Sceloporus malachiticus (1000) from the top of a large oak log on the ground, all in the same general area. In the afternoon Gealy brought me a ♀ Sceloporus malachiticus (♂-??? 1001) which seemed gravid, with distended belly. Also a Sceloporus variabilis (1002) and an Anolis undulata (1003). These three lizards he collected from fallen logs in the coffee grove behind the Ranch-house. Jan. 5, 1942. Went hunting in a.m. Took a Setophaga fusca (1004) from 30' up in an oak as it foraged actively. Further along ran across a flock of Green Jays perched in the coffee bushes by the roadside. They utter a very distinctive, coarse hooting noise, pitched very low. One flew up about 15' to the top of a shade tree, and I shot it. The bird then rolled down a very precipitous bank to a dry creek bed

No text detected

Davis 1942 N slope Mt. Tacaguate, 4600', Ref: T. Morgan, El Salvador. Jan. 5, 1942. and disappeared in a tangle of vines and bu- shes. By the time I had negotiated the 70 or 80' to the bottom of the bank, the effects of the recent fever bout made themselves known. I did not find the bird, & by the time I had scrambled to the top again, I decided to call it quits for the day. Adrit gave me a frog (1005) which he caught in a stream at 3800'. Jan. 6, 1942. Hunted reptiles in a.m. Shot & Sceloporus ma- lachiticus from the top of a pile of oak logs. There were three very small Sceloporus on this wood- pile, which appeared as though recently hatched. Took an Ameiva undulata from some weeds by the side of a road. Also a ? Xiphocolaptes promerop-i-rhynchus (1006) as it latched up the side of a large tall creeper-fashion. Scared a ♂ S. malachiticus from a fallen oak, and it disappeared under the trunk. Went back to same spot in p.m. and found lizard only a few feet from where I had seen it in a.m. Evidently these lizards are restricted to the imme- diate vicinity of their shelter tree or log. Obtained the specimen. Marshall gave me an Ameiva which he col- lected in this area. Took 2 Sepidocolaptes affinis (1067-8), both ♂'s. They were foraging creeper-fashion on an oak. I shot one, and the other flew to an oak

No text detected

N'slope Mt. Lacagnatipe, 4600', Dep't. Morgan, El Salvador. Jan. 6, 1942. About 50' away, it tended to spiral from about 2' above the ground. Walked over and shot it, at which time it had spiralled to a height of about 8'. All three woodhoovers I collected today were taken with the .22 shot pistol. They are very unappearing and may be approached directly to just outside shooting range (about 15'). The last few feet may be transversed as follows: - The bird spirals up the tree. Then, if the collector waits until the bird is behind the tree trunk, he may walk directly to the desired shooting distance, taking the bird as it reappears around the other side of the tree. This method is quite successful. Both the Lepidocolaptes were heard to utter high-pitched, hilling notes. All other woodhoovers I have seen were sin- gle birds, & made no noise. Went owl-hunting after up-jazzer per with Stinton and Marshall, from about 6:30 - 11 p.m. As we were passing through a coffee grove about 5 minutes after we had left camp, heard an Otus trichopsis cal- ling. Marshall led me to the bird, and lighted it with his lamp, then let me shoot it with his .22 Arut, as we were so close to it. The bird was about 4' from the ground in a coffee bush, and was shot from about 10' or 1'. The whole bird was

No text detected

Davis 1942. 32 Slope Mt. Lacagnatque, 4600; Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 6, 1942. By the flashlight without eyesine, as we were so close to it. When shined, stained its stomach and found 1 caterpillar 2" long, and several legs, mouth parts, & antennae of some large grasshopper. Heard numerous other Otus trichopsis and tucana virgata (Central American Tassim Owl) but collected nothing else. Joe got 2 Otus, and Stirt nothing. Jan. 7, 1942. In early a.m. after breakfast shot a Virio solitarius (1015) from foraging in a small tree in company with a hummingbird and a black-throated Green Warbler, about 40' from the house in which we are staying. Stirt and I then took a long walk up a narrow, vine covered, rocky pool stream, with a greasy silt bottom. The water is very dirty, as it runs over the coffee hulls higher up, and has the pungent odor of fermenting coffee. We attempted to catch frogs, which we found in the infrequent pools where the stream widened out. Frogs were mostly sitting on rocks by the edge of the pools, and would dive in and disappear in the thick silt on the bottom of the pool. We caught only one, which dove in to the silt at our approach. However, Stirtou and I groped around the pool bottom, and every so often one or the other of us would touch the frog,

No text detected

N slope Mt Tacaguatepe, 4600' Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 7, 1942. At last finally caught it. It is a medium size Bana with white dorsolateral lines and a white line on the upper lip, suggestive of Bana sphencephala. In the afternoon went reptile hunting in the oaks just north of camp. I saw a Sceloporus malachiticus about 60' up in an oak. About 6' away perched a smallish Bu- teo. At my approach the hawk moved to face me, whereupon the Sceloporus ran like a streak down the tree trunk about 10', and disappeared into an old woodpecker hole. The trunk was straight up and down, and the lizard ran straight down. Took a Guatemala Woodpecker (1017) with the .22 shot pistol as it spiralled up an oak tree. Returning, I surprised a medium- sized colubrid snake (1018) which led me quite a chase over logs and through the brush before I checked it with a load of dust. Shot through the body. The snake was still quite active but slowed up enough for me to get my foot on it. It struck actively but not like a poisonous snake. The coral snake I caught struck repeatedly and force- fully at my boot without mouthng it, but this snake seized my pants leg in its mouth and chewed on it. Our native boy called it

No text detected

1 slope Mt. Lacagnatique, 4600', dept. Morgan, El Salvador Jan. 7, 1942. "Sumbadora", the same as the 2 large dark gray colubrids we caught at Monte Cristo, but this snake has a dark median dorsal stripe, is olive green above, & yellow green below. I do not think that it is a young individual of the "Sumbadora". Jan. 8, 1942. Took a Guatemala Azure-crowned Hummingbird (1070) near the house, then spent the rest of the a.m. reptile hunting without results. Came back to find that Hildebrand had shot 3 Long-tailed Owl, of which I skinned one (1019). Went out hunting for the rest of the p.m., but virtually all I saw was Black-throated Green Warblers, which are everywhere in the oak & coffee. Shot a Turdus grayi (1071), my attention was attrac- ted to it by several throaty "chirps", which sounded just like the note given by our Robin when alarmed. The bird was about 25' up in an oak. Went night- hunting with Stinson. We went down to about 3400'. Virtually no owls cal- ling. Stit shot a fox. Lowery day. Jan. 9, 1942 Went bird-hunting in a.m. Took the trail south of camp while leads to the ridge.

No text detected

Davis 1942 35 N Slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4600; Dept. Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 9, 1942 about 5000' in altitude. Ran about of the coffee pickers who ruined whatever hun- ting there was. The whole morning's hun- ting yielded: - F Tityra semifasciata (1022) one of a pair about 40' up in a dead oak. The birds were calling in that froglike manner, and were being answered by other birds in nearby oaks. Centurus auripons (F 1023) picking on a dead limb about 30' up in an oak. In company with another bird, and both calling loudly. F Falco sparverius (1024) which flew to the top of a dead oak and perched there, some 50' above the ground. The bird was silent & sat with head drawn down between shoul- ders, giving it a hunched, fluffy appear- ance. Shot caught a frog at 3800' on the north slope, and gave it to me. It is a Hydrid or Leptodactylid. Another N. & day. Jan. 10, 1942. Went hunting with Marshall in a.m. Saw two woodlurew feeding in an oak, and shot one. It was a Guatemala Barred. Marshall went after the other, which flew when I shot. He drove it back to an oak near me, and I shot it also. It was a Guatemala Barred. On skinning the birds proved to be a pair (10260', 1027 F

No text detected

N slope Mt. Tocaguate, 4600', dep't. Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 10, 1942. This makes 4 genera of woodfowlers I have collected here, as has Marshall. I think that every one that I have taken has been in the oaks. Shortly after, collected a Guatemala Woodbewer (10287), also from an oak. This bird was backing down the tree in short hitches when I shot it. Stinton brought me three anphilians which he picked up along the stream where he had his traps set. One of them looks like a small Eltherodactylus (1031); it was taken from a broad-leafed plant (probably Heliconia sp.) by the stream's edge. Spent the rest of the day at the local market buying food. Jan. 11, 1942. Took a long hike after lide from about 8 a.m. to 1 p. m. Went over several ridges to the west, and then down the north slope to some open grass and brushland at about 3300'. Saw a flock of sparrows in a pasture, but they flew into the brush be- fore I had a chance to shoot. There were very few birds in this terrain, and since it was quite open and exposed, there was a strong breeze, which just about ruined hunting prospects. On the way down, I took a Chavez Jay (1032) from a coffee shade tree. It was with about 10 other jays. Also a Solitary Vireo (1033) from an oak, where it was actively foraging in

No text detected

Davis 1942 37 N slope hut, Lacaguatiqua, 4600', Dept Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 11, 1942. Company with several Black-throated Green War- bler. Took a small Empidonax (minimus?) from a low shrub in a clearing at the edge of a banana grove. Lower down, took a Chloa- delia Virio (1035) from an oak, where it too was foraging actively with Black-throated Green War- bler. Took a Boat-billed Flycatcher (1036) from a coffee shade tree. It was in company with about 3 or 4 other birds of the same species, all uttering a loud, harsh note, suggestive of some sort of jay. Near camp, on the way back, shot a Nicaraguan Flycatcher (1037) from the top of a coffee shade tree. The bird was not calling. Spent the afternoon skimming. Went night-hunting with Marshall after supper, but we heard no owls at all. There was a great deal of wind all day, and after supper, and this had a very unfavorable effect on the bird-hunting. Someone, Hilde- brand I believe, brought in two Ameiva (1038-9). Everyone seems to bring in these lizards, which are quite numerous & well-distributed. Saw a snake crossing the trail at about 3600' on the north slope. It moved too fast for me to even get a shot at it. I am pretty sure that it was a Tropophis lineatus, the same as we got lower down at Monte Cristo.

No text detected

N.Slope Mt. Lacaguatique, 4600', Dept. Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 12, 1942. Took a long walk in a.m. looking for new birds, particularly Fringillids. Went up to the saddle n. of camp, then along the ridge at the top of the north slope through the oaks. There were not many birds in evidence. Turned off the ridge and went down the south slope to about 3400'. The trail is rather steep and zig-zags through brush and grass. About the only birds heard were Tro- glodytes musculus. At about 3400' the trail leads out onto a grassy flat with interspersed patches of scrub. Saw lilacated warblers, but not much else. This flat is really the top of a small ridge, and the trail leads over the ridge, through oaks and scrub. Saw and shot an Rhinophila as it foraged actively in the scrub, but could not find it. The trail then doubles back to the north, going down the side of the ridge into coffee land, and finally leading to a small stream between the ridge and the steep, grassy south slope, altitude here about 3000'. Took a SALTATOR strieps (1040) and a Vermivora (Peregrina?) (1041) from coffee shade trees. The Saltator was one of a flock of 6 or 7, and was uttering a harsh, short chak-chak when I shot it. The Vermivora was foraging actively in company with black-throated green warblers. Went east a ways until the south slope tailed off

N slope Int. Lacaguigue, 4600', dep't. Morgan, El Salvador Jan. 12, 1942. A bit, then took a trail over it. On the way, passed through someone else's finca, quite a bit smaller than Caldera's. Took a trail leading NW to the finca. Came to a Y and took the wrong fork; the trail ran out, and I was stranded in the middle of a coffee grove. Got completely lost and wandered through the coffee and the brush for about an hour before I got to a trail leading home. Skinned and rested 2 m. Jan. 13, 1942. Set 40 traps (34 snares + 6 rats) in along a stream on the E slope at 3700'. Most of the sets were on rocks or on flat muddy places right by the stream. Some of the sets were made with part of the traps actually in the water. The rat traps were all set in the running water for Rheony's, in places where the stream channel was nar- nowed by rocks, so that the mice would be for- ced to swim over the handle of the trap. However, the stream at this point does not seem par- ticularly well suited to these mice, as it is too deep, too swift, and too open. The stream in which Stinton caught most of his was shallower and slower, and thickly overlaced with vines. I attempted to place my traps in places that looked m'Pere- mupens-like, although three were set along a stone wall, and a few others in the rocks away

No text detected

N Slope Mt. Tacaguateque, 4600', Dept. Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 13, 1942. well away from the running water. Jan. 14, 1942. Picked up my trap line. Caught 8 Ceromyssus, 3 large Dryzomys, 1 small Dryzomys, and 1 Het- eromys. My first two traps had Ceromyssus in them. They were set at the base of a stone wall. The Heteromys was taken in a trap set on a sloping rock, with the narrow end of the trap actually in the stream. The small Dryzomys (10428) was taken on a flat muddy place by the water's edge. When I picked it up some & Oros- tacean was eating on the left ear, which was virtually gone. The large Dryzomys were all caught in sets on flat muddy places directly at the water's edge. Two Ceromyssus were caught in Rheomys sets directly in the running water. The treadles were unbaited and underwater, and the mice were cau- ght in the regular fashion, i.e. They had approa- ched the trap from the side and had not run down the dry part of the trap onto the treadle. The other Ceromyssus were caught in traps away from the stream- 1 at the base of a tree, the others in rocks. In the p.m. set 29 snares + 1 rat-trap. 14 snares wer set in the brush along a small stream west of camp, & the rat trap in the stream for Rheomys. The other snares were set in the brush directly,

No text detected

Davis 1942 W slope Mt. Tacaguate, 4600; dep't. Morazan, El Salvador. Jan. 14, 1942. at the upper edge of a cornfield. Jan. 15, 1942. Picked up traps. 2 Oryzomys (1048-9) both taken in traps set by the stream edge. 1 small Oryzomys (1051) taken in a similar set. This specimen, and no. 1042, are of a dif- ferent species, and belong to the subgenus oligorygomys. Stinton took the first specimen and says that it is a new mammal for Salvador. The leithre (1050) was taken in the brush at the top of the cornfield. Two two species of harvest mouse have been taken here. One is very red + rather large, and seems to inhabit the rocks. Stinton says that it is a new species for the country. The individual I caught today was very red, but ra- thier small, + it is difficult to assign it to species. The Baromys (1054) was taken below the cornfield, in a trap at the water's edge. Inasmuch as these animals stick pretty well to dry cornfields and rocks, I imagine that this crossed individual had come down to the stream bedrink. The black peromyscus (1052) was taken at the stream's edge. The red leromyscus was taken in the brush at the top of the cornfield. Stinton and Thildebrand have found that the two species are quite sharply separated, and may come together, but rarely overlap. Two other peromyscous caught by the stream were black, and two others taken in the bush were red. Skimed p.m. Set out no traps today.

No text detected

N slope Mt. Tacagnatique, 4600', Dep't Morazan, El Salvador Jan. 15, 1942. After lunch a native boy brought in a medium size "lumbadora," of the same species as those taken at Monte Trist. I compared it with the colubrid I had taken in the oaks up here, and the two are not the same. One of the natives who seemed a bit better informed than the average referred to this other snake (1018) as a "chi- felinera," which is evidently the native name for it. I asked the boy whether he had caught the "lumbadora" up or down the hill, and he replied "bastante abajo" (low enough) and pointed to the N slope, so arbitrarily I assigned a 4000' altitude to the specimen. Jan. 16 - Jan. 19. Mt. Tacagnatique - San Miguel. Jan. 19-21 in San Miguel. Jan. 21 - Arrived Olomega, La Union Dep't. Lake Olomega, 200', Dep't. San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 22, 1942 Took a boat from the town of Olomega west across the lake to the Hacienda Potrero Santo, owned by Senor Ta- lacio. Took us about 2 hours by native dugout. The main house, where we are staying, is about 400 yards south of the lake. Directly south of the house is a range of rather steep, scrub and tree covered hills, the Colinas de Jucuran. While waiting for our equipment to arrive, Stinton, Hildebrand, and I took a walk west of camp. The trail led for about a mile through open grassland, with scattered clumps of scrubby

No text detected

Davis 1942 43 Lake Omoaga, Zoo; Dep't, San Miguel, El Salvador. Jan. 22, 1942. Trees. On the lake side the grassland leads down to extensive water hyacinth beds at the shore; to the south it gradually becomes more scrubby and tree grown until it reaches the Colinas. The small brownealed lizard of the same species as that taken at Monte Cristo, is very abundant along this trail and in the grass on both sides of it. Three were taken (1058,9,66). An Aulie (1061) was taken by Hildebrand ealier in the day from a tree near the lake shore. This trail through the grassland turns north about a mile from camp, running along the base of a low-lying, rock and tree-covered, range of hills to the west, with the lake to the east. The path leads through open forest, which thins out on the lake side, running into grassland. Farther on to the north, the hills run westerly, and the trail leads into a flat at the west end of the lake. This flat has a dense growth of large vine-covered trees, with heavy underbrush. This coyot palms are numerous beneath these trees. In the evening, Sturton cought an armewan (1062) on a rock in the stream which flows past the ranch house. I took a short walk after supper, and shot an opossum from a small tree east of camp, and a Myctibius griseus. (1063) from a small bush in the grass. Gave the opossum to Hildebrand. Heard many Baraques.

No text detected

Lake Omega, 200', dept. San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 23, 1942 Spent most of this day helping to fix up camp. Gealey caught a Bufo from the water hyacinth at the lake shore (1065), and a native boy brought in a red-legged tortoise of the same species as 929 (Monte Cristo). Went night-hunting, shot a Hyetodromus (1067) on the trail as it ran through the grassland west of camp. I shined numerous goateaters, all of them run along the trail or in the grass to the side of it. Left the path and went toward the lake. Ran into a bed of water-hyacinth in which numerous frogs were croaking. Took one on dry land at the edge of the hyacinth (1066). Jan. 24, 1942. Walked over to the flat in a.m. Noticed several flocks of Anaptila ruficanda in the grass by the side of the trail, shot one (1068) from a clump of grass. Took a Ctenosaura (1069) from a patch of agave, and another (1070) from about 8' up in a tree. Caught a brown-headed lizard in the grass by the side of the trail (1071). Shot two Sceloporus from rocks. In f.m. walked down by the lake. Took two Sceloporus, 1 from a rock, another from a log. Saw a large lizard crawling about in the Mimosa scrub growing in about 4" of water at the lake edge. Shot it and it proved to be a canted, probably Basiliscus vittatus. I think it is the same species as that around Monte Cristo, but much larger, with greater development of the

No text detected

Davis 942 Lake Omeega, 200', Ref't San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 24, 1942. Triangular head crest, which is very prominent. The natives here call it "Cherapoca" and claim that it is very poisonous. Caught a Buru (1077) in the water at the lake's edge. Shot a Chloroceryle amazona (1080) from a small tree at the water's edge. The bird was very suspicious and allowed of close approach. On the way back took 2 Dromococcyx phasianellus within 20 yds of each other. The first was foraging around the underbrush, the second perched on a fallen log. Both were ridiculously suspicious and it was easy to shoot them with my .22 shot rifle. Jan. 25, 1942. Spent most of the day washing, etc. In the p.m. shot a Lacerotia devillei (1081) as it bathed in the stream flowing past camp. The bird dove repeatedly into the stream, but then from about 10', and then perched on a shrub to dry. When I shot it, the underparts were still wet. Took an Anthoscena constantii (1082) about 100 yds. from camp. The bird was sitting quietly in a small tree about 10' above the ground. A native brought in a turtle, of the same species as 946, taken at Monte Cristo. Jan. 26, 1942. Gealy and I hiked up to the highest point in the hills south of camp, the Colinas de Jucuraman. The going was inconceivably hard, through exceedingly

No text detected

Lake Omega, 200', left Mt San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 26, 1942 Dense brush interlaced with vines. At times the slope was very steep. We left camp at 8 a.m. and reached the summit, 2500', at 1:45 p.m. From this point an excellent view was obtained of the lake, the ocean, and the surrounding country. Left the summit, and returned to Camp about 5 p.m. The country from about 300' to 1200' seemed like excellent hunting country, but above 1200' very little animal life was seen. Marshall caught an Amole (1014) from a log by the stream; it had a fine orange throat fan. Saw an Ameiva undulate at about 1000' on the way up, and allin mustard colored snake about 4' long (looked like Otybelis) at about 1700' on the way down. These were the only reptiles noted. Jan. 27, 1942. Walked along the lake shore east of camp. Took 2 Ameiva, and 2 Whilisks from the Mimosa in the water along the shore (1087-1088). There seems to be some age variation in this lizard: # 1076 is fully adult and shows an even pea green dorsal coloration with no black crossbars. One of those taken today showed 3 black crossbars anteriorly on a pea green dorsum. The second is subadult with small crest,

No text detected

Takes Oneaga, zoo, Dept San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 27, 1942. and shows black cross barring on dark brown the length of the dorsum. Took a ? Sceloporus from rock, & Marshall gave me a young ?. He also gave me a young Therapsa, which shows yellow brown ground color with black spotting, and no indication of the usual transverse striping. Took Anolis (1093) with a dark blue spot on its orange throat fan. Shot a ? Chloroceryle cenea (1094) from a small tree at the lake's edge, & Leimma noveboracensis (1095) as it foraged through the brush by the water. The Chloroceryle shows more extensive orange on the underparts than 1080. Took a ? Cladyp: saris aglaiae (1096) from a Mimosa tree along the trail. Went night hunting. Took a Bufu just outside camp. Took two more in the water at the lake's edge. One was very large, and after being placed in my hunting coat pocket, gave voice twice. The call was a very loud hiii. This noise, heard frequently at night, had been previously ascribed to some water bird, either a jacana or a rail. It carries about a quarter of a mile, & can easily be heard in camp. These frogs are very numerous, & can be heard all over the waterfront. On my way back heard a rustling in the leaves, and shined a Gecko (Corymys mitratus)

No text detected

Lake Amega, 100; Deft't. San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 27, 1942 (1106) which I collected. Jan. 28, 1942 Went walking in a.m. Hiked to jungle flats at west end of lake and out to mouth of the Rio San Miguel looking for crocodiles. On the way I flushed a covey of Sol-whites (Columba leucofuga) from the dry grass by the trail. One bird lit a few feet ahead in the grass, and I shot it with the .22 pistol (1098). Noticed numerous And Stenagers on the way (Halia Solini). They were all solitary birds, and stuck to the brush, concealing themselves very well. They uttered a single harsh note quite fre- quently. I took one (1099) as it sat in a shrub near the river bank. Walked down the river bank, and ran into a group of about 20 Boat-billed herons (Cochlearius cochlearius). They have a very fe- culiar cry that cannot be reproduced on paper. At first glance they resemble night-herons. They remained well up in the trees overhanging the river, except for one which lit in a tree about 15' over my head. I collected it (1100) with the .22 pistol. On the way back collected an Andioie (1101) from a treeling in the jungle, and a Cuenidophorus (1102) from the grass by the trail near camp. Went night-hun- ting down the trail running east to the lake front. Caught a king-neck snake (1108) as it crawled

No text detected

Davis 942 Lake Homega, 100', Dept San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 28, 1942 over the dead leaves in the middle of the rail. Also a gecko (1107), found in the same type of place. Both these reptiles were located by ear, although the snake did not make much noise. This rugneck is of a different species than the one at Mt. Cacaguatque, as shown by measurements of SV front tovent, Tail (187+16 for Cacaguatique specimen; 216+ 115 for this one). Jan. 29, 1942. Went with Stinton as he visited his traps in a.m. The traps were set in tho the grassland northwest of Camp about 1/2 mi. near the lake shore. Took a pair of Sceloporus, B+F, from at the trunk of a tree surrounded by grass. A third was brought in later by our native boy. Shot a Basilisk from the grass near the tree where I took the Sceloporus. This is the first one that I have seen here that was not near water. Took an Oxybelis (fulgidus?) by the side of the trail about a mile W of Camp. When I saw it its head was resting on the upper of a barbed wire fence, and its body was draped over a branch of a tree which got abutted against the fence. Specimen made no effort to escape and seemed very sluggish. Color brilliant green above,

No text detected

Davis 742 Lake Omega, voo', Dept St. San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 29, 1942. yellow-green below, with a yellow dorso- lateral stripes and yellow stripe on upper lip. Returned to camp. A native came in and wanted to know if I would like to try a crocodile. I went to look at it. It was lathered under a tree near a small fishing settlement about 1/2 mile e. of camp. I bought it for 3 colones (9.70). It was caught in the lake near the village. Told the native to catch me another. Spent the p.m. skinning the crocodile (11/15'). Went night-hunting after supper. Located another ringneck snake by sound, in the leaves at the side of the trail (11/17). Both the geckos and ringnecks seem to be restricted to those portions of the trail which run under the trees and are consequently leaf-littered. I have not seen them in grass, weeds, or scrub. Took a narrow- mouthed toad (11/6) near the stream at camp. Shot an opossum in a tree 1/2 mi. W of camp. Gave it to Hildebrand. Jan. 30, 1942. Went about 50 yds. from camp and shot a Saucrothia deilki (1121) from a tree near the stream. Also a Hydorhis elizice (1122) from the same tree. Came back to camp and stiton Native name of this flycicle is "rejequilla"

No text detected

Jan 1942 56 Lake Omeo, Zoo; Dept. San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 30, 1942. Showered me a Collared Aracari (Pteroglossus torquatus) (1123) about 30' up in a tree in front of the hacienda. I shot it. Spent the rest of the a.m. Fleshing the crocodile skin and roughing out the skeleton. Stir- ton brought me an Aroli, and the ma- tic boy caught a brown-headed lyre. Skinned birds in p.m. Hunted along the trail running east of camp after 5 o'clock, but saw nothing. Heard several owls. After lunch, a native came in with the other crocodile I requested yesterday. The one I skinned yesterday (1115) had a blue-winged heron in its stomach; numerous body feathers, the articulated wings & feet, & the skull. Jan. 31, 1942. Hunted in a.m. Took a Sharp Reedcater (1128) in the grassland '1/2 mi. w of camp; a Painted Bunting in the Mimosa scrub ('1/4 mi. w of camp) (1127); a Guatemalan Emerald (1125) from about 15' up in a tree in the open woods west north of camp; and a Black-headed Trogon (1126) from 20' up in a tree near the Emerald locality. On the way back took a Granidoforous (1130) as it crawled through a cornfield, and an Aroli (1131) from a fence-post at edge of same. Before the

No text detected

Davis 1942 52 Lake Hornega, Zoo; Dep't San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 31, 1942 Skin and skull of the crocodile (1129) that was brought in yesterday. The stomach contained 1 small white flat fish, and he scales and jaws of some other small fish. This specimen is a ? and shows longer tail in relation to body length than the ?. Front to vent, + tail measurements are: - ? 1115-879+752; ? 1129-794+714. Have not noticed any difference in color scalation between the two. When following the trail leading W of Camp over runs into 4 habitats:- Grassland (Sharpe and Dickerson Seedeaters, Blueblack Grassquit, Indigo Buntings, Colinus leucofagen, Hooded Cactus Wren, Aimophila ruficanda); Trinitosa scrub (Stripped Scapal Cuckoo, Herby + Scissor-tailed Flycatcher, Hooded Cactus Wren, Couch Kingbird, Ingiarchus tuberculifer, Least Flycatcher, Wetmore's Ant Tanager); open forest with rock, leaf, + shrub undercover (Herby + Spined Flycatcher, Squirrel Cuckoo, Wetmore's Ant Tanager, Blackheaded Wren, Guatemalan Emerald, Belt Veinle Hummer); dense, well shaded forest, tall trees with leaf and shrub undercover (Wetmore Ant Tanager Bareland Streaked-Headed Woodbrewers, Lescan Baroquet, Squirrel Cuckoo); and riparian along the Rio San Miguel (Mexican Black Hawk, Muscovy Duck, Boat-billed and Little

No text detected

Lake Onega, 200' def't San Miguel, El Salvador Jan. 31, 1942 Blue Heron, American & Snowy Egrets, Mexican Cormorant, & Green Kingfisher. The grassland river bank habitats are most distinct as regards their faunamse, and the other three habitats are frequented by pretty much the same species. Wherever there is any tree growth in the grassland, species ordinarily found in brush or forest terrain frequently occur. Feb. 1, 1942. Hunted in a.m. Sporophila moreletti (1132) from a level of grass west of camp; Spinul Larksp and Emigdonas sp. (1134+1138) from trees in open forest growth; Turdus grayi (1130) and And Tanager (1135) from dense brush in the heavy forest near the Rio San Miguel, and 2 Guatemala Barred Woodpevers (1136+1137) from a tree, also near the Rio. This Woodpever seems to enjoy a wide distribution as we took the same species on Mt. Tacaguetipa. Evidently they require only heavy tree growth, regardless of what zone it is in. Both these birds were foraging on trees close together; when one was shot the other flew only a short distance away & was easily collected by locally as I was plugging the throat of the first specimen. Tried to get a small iguana in a tree near the riverbank. Only had the .22 Pistol with me, but filled the lizard full of

No text detected

Lake Omega, zoo; left St. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 1, 1942 # 12 shot at very close range. Seemed to have fa- ralyzed its hind legs, but when shaken out of the tree, the lizard showed plenty of speed in crawling into the water, where it escaped. The behavior pattern of these animals is strange. Most of the iguanas encountered today were very wary, either running into the Mimosa tree along the river bank, or climbing trees. When I went under a tree where iguanas were fer- ed, they frequently dove into the water from a height of 15 or 20 feet. Yet this individual sat quite still and let me shoot it 100 or 12 times without trying to escape. It moved only when pursued up the tree and out along the branch by Gealey, and then ran swiftly down vines leading from the branch to the river bank. It was bleeding profusely, I was well hit. Stinton brought in 2 of the very common brown- headed lizards (1140-1). They are the commonest lizard here, and are found everywhere, but less frequently in the dense forest. Feb. 2, 1942 In a.m. went along the creek, 5 of camp. Several of the trees along the creek have inflorescences on them and seem to attract numerous hummingbirds, although they do not seem to feed much on the flowers :

No text detected

Lake Atitlan, Guatemala Feb. 2, 1942. The lake is very beautiful and the water clear. Saw several flocks of birds flying over it. Took a photo of one from shore. It was a small bird with long tail feathers and bright green color. Very striking against blue sky. Also saw some large fish jumping out of water. Their scales shimmered in sunlight. Beautiful scene.

No text detected

Davis 1942 Lake Omege, 20o; Off St. Juan Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 3, 1942 bank, which was very narrow at this point. Since I had no one to catch him when I shot him from the tree, I knew that if he were not death when he hit the ground, he would es- cape into the water. Shot him with a full load of 8's and 3 rounds of .38-12's before his tail stopped twitching. Shot him from the tree, + he hit the ground & rolled into about 6" deep water, where I retrieved him. Dur- ing the night a dog made off with his skin while I had & left today on a table, so I have nothing but the skull. On the way back shot a Guatemala Broad-winged Hawk (1149) from a tree. This is the commonest hawk here, and very unsuspicous. Took a Streaked-Headed Woodhewr (1148) as it worked up the side of a tree in the dense forest. Shot a small hawk about 15' up in a tree in the grassland a few hundred yards of camp, but the bird would not come down. Af- ter lunch went back with Joe Marshall and Jake Boer and we finally knocked the bird out of the tree with rocks. It was a Sharp-shinned Hawk (Accipiter striatus velox), but the hour or twisit had been exposed to the sun finished it as a specimen. Marshall caught a Snake-Counphic lineatus-(1151) which he gave to me. It was

No text detected

Davis 1942 57 Lake Omega, 200; Rep't San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 3, 1942. Crawling in the grass by the side of the road. Gealy brought in an Audub (1152) which he caught near the stream. Shot a Baird Quailcatcher (1153) from about 8' up in a tree in the grassland. It was with another bird of the same species, and both were foraging actively. In the evening, caught a Gecko-Cleo-myss nitratius- (1154) in the leaves by the side of the trail E of camp. Also a Sceloporus (1155) from the same type of place. This lizard was quite active, so there must be some nocturnal activity in this species. Feb. 4, 1942. In a.m. took an Alicia's Golden-tail (Hummer) (1157) from the same tree described in my notes of Feb. 2. Hildebrand gave me a Hooded Cactus Wren (1158) which he caught in a rat trap he had set in a tree for for Myctomys. Walked along the lake shore to a small fishing vil-lage about 1 ½ mi. E of camp. A native boy paddled me across to the shore of a large is-land a hundred yards north of the village. Took two Jacanas (1161-2) in the hyacinth at the water's edge. Also a Least Grebe (1159) in open water about 20yds. from the island. Both Jacanas and grebes are quite common; the for-

No text detected

Lake Omega, 200', Dept. T. Santiago, El Salvador Feb. 4, 1942 men along the lake shore, and the latter all over the lake. Jacanas are quite gregarious, and I have seen as many as 14 feeding in the same patch of hyacinth. The grebes are found alone, in pairs, or threes. Jacanas have a sharp, twittering alarm note given as they take wing. Shot a blue-winged teal (1163) about 250 yds. off shore. It was a solitary bird. After the boy had paddled me to shore, I noticed three grebes foraging about 10 yds. off shore. Took one (1160). The other two showed no alarm at the shot and did not even dive, but kept on paddling along the edge of the guimava scrub. On the way back to camp took a cinnamon hummingbird as it perched in a tree. The native boy brought in an Aulie (1164) and Stinton brought in a Sumbadora (1165), the same gray colubrid that was taken at Monte Cristo and Mt. Caraguatiqua. This snake was very active, and bit me twice when I put the chloroform into the killing jar. Feb. 5, 1942. Spent the day around camp taking it easy. Native boy brought in several Aulie. Took a walk along the trail E of camp, and caught a

No text detected

Saira 1942 59 Lake Onega, Zoo; dep't San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 5, 1942 Brown Skink (1172) as it crawled over the fallen leaves by the side of the trail. This appears to be the same species as that taken at Tronquito, but the brown is more golden and not as dark. Feb. 6, 1942. John Tucker and I went over to Onega in a dugout. On the way, stopped off at two islands near the town. One of these islands was once the site of the summer home of Dr. Max Holtreyn, where Sturton Van Rossem, Alden and Joyce Miller made their camp when they collected here in 1926. Nothing remains of the house but the rock foundations. The other island lies but 100 yds to the N.E. Both of the islands are wooded, with dense stands of bamboo at the water's edge. The vegetation is well chalked up with heron cormorant droppings. No reptiles but Iguanas were seen. On the way over I shot an Anhinga (1173) from a tree at the water's edge on a large island opposite the fishing village E of camp. This was my collecting for the day, but noticed hundreds of Snowy + American Egret, with the former commoner by about 2 to 1. Almost every patch of floating lily-pad, however small, has an

No text detected

Lake Oniega, zoo; Dep't, San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 6, 1942 Egret or two on it. Also many Little Blue and Louisiana Herons. On Haldmeyer's is- land noted 506-Boothilled, + 1 adult Black- crowned Night, Herons. Near Oniega, saw about 20 Lesser Scaup. Also 20 or 30 Coots. Out in the middle of the lake saw 100's of Blue-winged Teal & 100e's of B? Black-bellied Tree Ducks. Mexican Lor- morants are abundant, both in trees along the shore, + on the lake, + Anhingas are fairly common in the reeson shore. Jacanas are very common along the shore, and Least Grebes everywhere out on the lake. Feb. 7, 1942. Went hunting w of Camp in a.m. Yellow Warbler (1176) in tree out in grassland; Or- chard Oriole (1180) in tree with several others about 1 mi. W of Camp; Treeted Flycatcher (1174) in Mimosa send; in the open forest Saltator grande (1177), Toddy Flycatcher (1178); Blue-Crowned Motmot (1182), and Blackheaded Trogon (1184). Shot a Royal- lapie Mythrotherax (1192) as it worked through some thick brush at the edge of cornfield. It behaved much as a Wren-st. In the dense jungle shot a Streaked-headed Woodbower (1186) as it spiralled up the trunk of a large tree. Hunted for reptiles

No text detected

Lake Omega Zoo; N of St. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 7, 1942 After dark. Gealy, who was with me, caught a gecko (1188) in some dead leaves. It is not Clocypx mitratus, but smaller, darker, lacking the con-trasting white and dark brown pattern, and has prominent pads at the ends of the digits, whereas C. mitratus has tapering digits. Collected a Bufo valliffs (1187) in some leaves by the side of the trail. Stirton went night hunting, and caught a ring-necked snake (1186) for me. Although it was caught in the grassland of camp, it was in some dead leaves under a couple of trees. Although the habitat does not correspond exactly to the rock and leaf-littered forest floor in which the others have been taken, the presence of dead leaves seems to indicate a preference for this type of cover on the part of this snake. Feb. 8, 1942 Hunted west of camp in a.m. Shot a Richardson's ledeater (1190) in the grassland near camp. In the Imiiose thickets about 1 1/2 min. W of camp collected a Yellow Warbler (1191) and a Myiarchus tyrannulus (1189). In the open woodland of the Imiiose scrub took a Blue Tanager (1193) as it fed on green berries on a low shrub. Took a Mexican Ground Dove (1192) from a dense thicket near a slough leading to the Rio San

No text detected

Davis 1942 Lake Homega Zoo, Dept. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 8, 1942 Miguel. These ground doves are not nearly so common as the resident Buddy Ground Doves. This bird was a ♀ in laying condition, and was accompanied by another bird, presumably the ♂, when collected. I had hoped to find Oven-birds (Synallaxis erythrothorax) in the thickets along the river and adjacent sloughs, but evidently these birds need brush undercover in wooded terrain, as I saw none. There are very few trees near those brush thickets. Feb. 9, 1942. Gealey and I hunted up a canyon about '¼ mile W of camp. This is a north-south canyon, well wooded. The stream bed on the canyon floor is very rocky. Saw 5 or 6 Fan-tail Warblers foraging over the rocks accompanied by a flock of Ant Tanagers. Shot one of the warblers, and when I retrieved it found that I had dropped it in the midst of a huge army of ants (1196). Took a large Ameiva (1197) by the rail's edge. Saw a large Tinamou (1194), which behaved in characteristic fashion, choosing to escape by running rather than flying. After running a short distance it stopped and commenced to forage. Gealey shot it with Storton's 12 gauge, and I picked it. Gealey went hunting in the p.m. And brought me a brown snake with dark brown

No text detected

Lake Omeqa, 200', W of S. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 9, 1942. Blotches on the dorsum, and a variegated head. The blotches, which were rather faint posteriorly, were greatly intensified on contact with the forechin. What hunting in p.m. found a trail which led to a small water lagoon with bog in the dense forest W of camp. Took a Tiger Falcon (1200) from a dead tree in the middle of the bog. Shot a Spotted-breasted Wren (1199) from a dense tangle of vines and shrubs on the bank of the Rio San-Miguel, and a Bang's Magpie-jay (1202) from a tree in the open forest between the dense jungle and the Mimosa scrub. It was with 3 or 4 other birds, all screaming vociferously. At dusk, on my way back to camp, just where the open forest and Mimosa scrub, heard a high-pitched, nasal "unk" from a tree, and saw a bird perched about 40' up in this tree, hunched up and turning its head from side to side. It resembled an owl in the half-light, but when collected proved to be a Black-collared Hawk (1201). Marshall collected his in nearly the same place while out-hunting at night. This spot is about 1/4 mile from the lake. In the daytime these hawks stick to the lake's edge and feed primarily on fish and lizards.

No text detected

Lake Onega, 200', Def S San Miguel El Salvador Feb. 10, 1942 Hunted in a.m. In the Mimosa scrub w of Camp shot a Rose-throated Becard (1206). In the open woods collected a Magnolia Warbler (1209), which is a very common wintering species here. They are usually seen in mixed flocks of other birds, such as redstarts, yellow warblers, etc. Shot a ♀ Elegant Progen (1208) in some underbrush. The male was not seen. Took a ♀ Painted Bunting. This is another very common winter visitor. Seems to stay mostly in Mimosa scrub and in brush undercover in open woods. They are nervous, active, foragers. In the dense forest took a Spotted-breasted Wren (1205) as it foraged silently in a clump of dense vine covered shrubs; and a Wetmore's Ant Tanager (1207), one of a group of 4 or 5 working in the underbrush. These Tanagers are readily identified by their harsh, churring call-note. Gealey returned from a night hunt and gave me the largest specimen of C. longy mitratus (1212) taken yet. Although all other geckos had been taken in the leaves along the wooded trail running E of camp, this was taken on the trail running through the open grassland W of camp... However, at the particular spot where this specimen was taken, the trail is bordered on either side by a sparse tree growth and the lizard was found in

No text detected

Lake Plonera Zoo, Dep't. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 10, 1942 Dead leaves at the base of one of these trees. This preference for dead leaves as a habitat seems to be the limiting factor in the distribution of geckos around here. Feb. 11, 1942 Went hunting with Marshall in a.m. Took a Ferruginous Pygmy Owl (1216) from a tree near the edge of the trail in the grassland W of camp. It was a single bird, perched about 10' up in the tree, and fully alert. This specimen is unusually red, and is the first & Pygmy Owl we have taken on this trip. In the Mimosa scrub W of camp took a Blacid Flycatcher (1217). It was a single bird, per- ched on a lower limb of a Mimosa shrub, about 4' off the ground. It made no noise, and I thought it an Empidonax when I shot it, the short bill and golden crown patch not being noticeable when the bird was at shooting distance. Also took a Mjar- chus tuberculifer (1218) and two Empidonax flycat- chers in the Mimosa. The Myjar chus has a very distinctive low, plaintive whistle which is a characteristic sound in scrub and often forest around here. They are very common. We followed a concrete trail leading E from the trail which passes through the open wood. This latter trail runs N and S, so that the concrete trail runs toward

No text detected

Davis 1942 66 Lake Olomega, 200', Dep't St. San Miguel, El Salvador. Feb. 11, 1942. The west end of the lake. Rio Carreta trail Dense forest Open forest Minosa scrub Hacienda Grassland Lake Olomega This trail leads through a tongue of the open forest that extends toward the lake. Else- where, or between the N-S trail and the lake, The terrain is cleared land or Minosa scrub, until the trail runs into the dense forest, which lies on both sides of it. This tongue of woodland parallele a slough of the San Miguel. In some places the brush has been almost completely grazed out, so that the area presents a park-like appearance, with the ground beneath the trees stripped of undercover. I shot an Amphidora (Flaiventris?) from one of the trees in this area. Further on, the woodland thins out, and the banks of the slough are lined with & dense brush. In this brush overbride are quite

No text detected

Davis 942 Lake Olomega, too; dep't. St. Ana Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 11, 1942. common, and can be heard calling. The call is a nasal weet-weet-WET-too. Saw a small bird foraging actively in a vine tangle beneath some frees & collected it. Turned out to be a Long-billed Ant-Wren (1222). Further on that an Ant-Shrike (1223) as it foraged in the dense brush along the slough. It was with a fair of ovenbirds. The oven- birds seem to be fairly all through here. Marshall shot a Basilicus (1215) in some brush well away from the slough. This is one of the few individ- uals of this species that we have taken away from water. On the way back home collected a G Richardon Seedeater (1224) in the grassland. Went night-hunting. Heard several doves fly out of a tree, and when put my jack light on the branch, found one White-fronted Dove (1228) which had not taken wing, although it was fully alert. I shot it with the .22 shot- pistol, and skeletonized it. Feb. 12, 1942. Hunted up a canyon a few hundred yards N of camp. Lake Olomega Trail canyon Harinda

No text detected

Davis 1942 68 Lake Omege, Zoo, Def't. Antiguél, El Salvador Feb. 12, 1942 Took a large Ameiva (1229) in some leaves at the trail's edge, just before turned off to go up the canyon. Took two Fan-tailed Warblers (1233 & 1234). The first was a single bird, feeding in the brush at the trail's edge. The second was with 5 or 6 Ant Tanagers and a fair of ant- shrikes, foraging over the rocks in the stream bed at the canyon bottom. When I shot, the birds flew into the brush. I retrieved the specimen, and found that I had dropped it in the midst of a large ant army which was proceeding up-canyon. This was the same situation in which I took a Fan-tail (1196) on Feb. 9. See notes for that date. After I had retrieved the bird, the other Fan-tails and the fair of ant-shri- kes returned & started to forage, but the ant tanagers did not return. I took the ? Ant- shrike (1235) whereupon the Fan-tails again flew into the brush, only to reappear and start feeding several minutes later. The ant Tana- gers, ant-shrikes, and Fan-tails, from what I have seen, feed on ants much of the time. Fan-tails look like rebels when they forage. They are very nervous and active, and fwitch the tail constantly, although they do not actually fan it very often.

No text detected

Lake Omege, 200'; left San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 12, 1947. A short time later saw a single fan-tailed for- caging in the rocks up canyon from where I had shot the second one. I decided to take it, and as I moved toward it, a small yellow- brown bird flew into a bush between me and the warbler. I shot this brown bird, and retrieved a Royal Flycatcher (1232). The bird was facing me, and I could not see the crest. Although this bird is very long-necked for a flycatcher, this is not visible in a perching bird. Took a long-tailed manakin (1236) from a branch of a tree. It was about 10' off the ground. Where the forest thinned out a little, at the head of the canyon, I took a beardless flycatcher (1238) from about 5' up in a shrub. This bird was calling, the note being a sharp, clear tee-WIT, and was accompanied by a second individual. On the way back, I turned and walked down the trail to the lake shore. About 100 yds from the trail's end, I saw an immature iguana, bright green in color, running toward me, down the trail. It was at least 40 yds from the lake shore in a straight line. I have never seen an iguana this far from water. Shot it (1230) when it faced at my approach. See species account.

No text detected

Davis 1942 70 Lake Olomega, ZOO, Depto San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 12, 1942 When I returned home Hildebrand gave me a Green Kingfisher (1231) which he had shot at the lake shore, and Tucker brought in a Bufo (1239) which he had collected on the Hyacinth- grown mudflats near the town of Olomega. I believe it is a young individual of the large toads which call so loudly at the lake shore at night (P. marina?). Feb. 13, 1942. Hunted N.W of camp in the open woods. Took a Lichtenstein Oriole, Green Woodpecker, & Streaked-Headed Woodcreeper. The green woodpecker is not nearly as common here as on Tut. Cacaguatipa, but they are seen occasionally. Took a Beardless Flycatcher from some scrub bordering a cleared field. This bird was one of a pair in the same brush. The sharp two- part call- note & tiny size identify this bird immediately. Where the open woodland meets the dense jungle forest I shot a Summer Tanager as it was tearing apart a large caterpillar, also two flycatchers (yellow-bellied?). In the p.m. collected an Ovenbird (Seiurus) from the dark, well-shaded underbrush bordering the trail leading east of camp. The bird was walking about on the ground, foraging in typical Ovenbird fashion. Feb. 14, 1942 Spent most of today in camp. In the a.m. took a Relatrix

No text detected

Lake Omega, 200; N.E.F. S. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 14, 1942 Warbler near the lake shore east of Camp as it foraged through the Mimosa scrub. This bird is widely distributed here, being found from the lake shore well back into the hills south of the lake. It seems to prefer a scrubby habitat. Its very active foraging reminds one of a Yellowthroat. Also took 1 Anolis from the sapling undergrowth just east of Camp. Feb. 15, 1942 Hunted in jungle forest N + W of Camp. Collected a large snake (Spilotes - 1255). See species account for this snake and another brought in by a native. Took a Spike-billed Flycatcher (1254) from the dense leafy undercover beneath the tall trees of the jungle. It is cool and rather moist here. This bird was one of a pair. My attention was first attracted to them by the call note, which sounds like the "per-dit" of the western Tanager, with an extra "dit" syllable. --, although the whole note is not nearly so loud. I pursued these birds through the underbrush for about 75 yds. before got a shot. They made short flights, and always perched low down in the shrubs. When perched motionless they resembled a small Empidonax. The call note was given several times at every such perching. The brush was so dense that it was virtually impossible to shoot. Both birds stayed close to each other until I shot, when the other bird flew and ceased calling, and I could not relocate it. On the

No text detected

Lake Olomega, 200', dept. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 15, 1942 may back shot an El Salvador Ant Tanager and a Wet- more Ant Tanager. Feb. 16, 1942 Went back to jungle forest after two of other Spake-billed Flycatchers, but before reached the place where I had seen them the day before, I ran on to at least three other pairs in much the same type of habitat as I had had taken the one yesterday. After about three-quarters of an hour of stalking, I had just one bird (1260). After I shot the others stopped calling and I first shot two very small birds, perching motionless silent in trees about 10-20' from the ground. In the hand they proved to be Bent-billed Flycatchers. Farther through the jungle, where it thins out, shot a Manakin. It was solitary, perched about 15' up in a large tree. On the way back, collected a Placid Flycatcher as it perched Empidonax-like low in the dense undergrowth. In the open woodland, opposite a large cornfield, collected a Blue Bunting as it foraged through the underbrush together with Redstarts and Black and White Warblers. Van Rossem states that every Blue Bunting but one that he saw was in a cool, well- shaded habitat, as in canyon bottoms, but this bird was in open, sunlit brush at the trail's edge. The native hunter brought in a small Couplie (1259) which he found in the hills back of camp. This species has been taken in and near camp as well.

No text detected

Lake Oronega, Dept. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 17, 1942 Hunted in dense forest N+W of camp. Collected a yellow-bellied flycatcher. These birds seem to be abundant here, but are found mostly in the more densely wooded areas, particularly where it is well shaded and cool. Further on in the jungle, where the main trail parallels the west bank of the Rio San Miguel, I took a Wood Thrush (1267) from a low tree almost overhanging the river. This bird was one of a pair, perched quietly, but the other bird flew when I shot. Van Rossem took only one specimen, on rut. Lacagnaque. This would indicate that the Wood Thrush is a very rare, but widely distributed winter visitant. A record taken later had the brown and black female plumage but a rose throat. The bird is an immature male. Collected a Calot Woodpecker wor- kling about 40' up in a tree. The soft, arhythmic nature of the taps attracted my attention as they were different from anything I had heard hereabouts. Sometime later took a Tanager, again a solitary bird. I have never seen two of these birds together. On the way back, heard soft woodpecker taps and these led me to a ♀ Calot Woodpecker, barely 20 yds from where I had taken the ♂. Collected the bird with a no 10 ½ load, as it was at least 30' up, but as I was stan- ding almost directly below the bird, it was pretty badly shot up, almost worthless as a skin. Feb. 18, 1942. No collecting today. Stayed around camp; bathed, shaved, etc.

No text detected

Lake Ibongua, 200', left S San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 19, 1942 Spent all day after one bird - got up to a late start. After breakfast the native boy showed me a King Vulture perched near the top of a tree at the summit of a very steep, small hill behind camp. This hill is about 150 feet high, and grown to scrub and grass, with a few fairly large trees in the Trinoso scrub. The whole set-up is very open and exposed, and when I set out the sun was overhead, & very hot. There were several Turkey Vultures perched about 75' up the hill. I went up a cow trail which zig-zagged up the NE slope. The vulture was at the top of the North slope. I made no attempt to conceal my- sself, as the vegetation was sparse and low. Further, I made a great deal of noise, as there were places where I had to smash my way through thorn bushes and thorny vines. About 2/3 of the way up, I saw a bird sitting in a tree, and thought it the King Vulture which had flown down the slope and perched. I dropped the bird, and it turned out to be a large Turkey Vulture. This left me one shell, as I had put a #6 in each barrel I taken no more am- munition. I thought that the shot must have scared my bird, but when I got to a point where I could see his tree, he had not moved. Climbed up to within 60 feet of him. He turned and looked toward me once, and then paid no more attention to me at all. I have seen few birds more unwary. I dropped it with the last #6 and it fell about 20', hit the ground with a thud,

No text detected

Lake Homega, Zoc, Dep't San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 19, 1942. And disappeared into some scrub. This tree was over- hanging a very steep rock slide, and I figured that the bird must have rolled to the bottom of it, some 60 feet below. Returned to camp and left my shot- gun, and the native boy + I went back to look for the bird. After about 2 hours of crashing around the dense scrub, and climbing up the steep rock slide, we had no luck. Marshall, who had come back to camp, was told of what was on, and climbed to the summit, and under the tree from which the bird was shot. While we were trying to line things up and spot the exact place where the bird might have fallen, Joe happened to look down and saw the bird, stone dead, about 15' below him, just at the head of the rock slide. He retrieved it, and when we returned to camp, measured it, + took notes on plumage + soft part colors. So that this informa- tion is in the species account of Sarcoramphus gapa of Marshall. The bird was made into a skeleton (1273). Stomach contents listed in Catalogue. The bird was a 5 in immature plumage. I might add that there were no other birds of any kind near the tree in which the vulture perched, the nearest being the turkey vultures well down the hillside, and a couple of others flying overhead. I heard it make no noise, and for the most part it just perched motionless + quiet.

No text detected

Lake 'Romeo', Zoo', dep't. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 20, 1942. Marshall shot a Spilotes which he gave me. It is of normal black + yellow coloration. This snake was found near a farmhouse about 1 1/4 miles west of Camp, in some thick brush. The ones that I saw were in the dense jungle forest. Hunted in a small canyon about 1/4 mile east of Camp. This is well wooded, but the west wall thins out into more open grassland forest at the summit. In this open forest shot a Blue-Growed Thrush and a Western Tanager. Saw nothing else within range in this canyon all morning. Ten-tailed Warblers and But Tanagers which I had seen here on every previous visit, were conspicuous by their absence. On the way down, saw a King Vulture and several Turkey Vultures circling. They finally lit well below me but when I got about 2 hundred yards from them the King flew down the canyon and lit again. A couple or three Turkeys flushed at my approach, and flew to where the King was, but the remaining Turkeys stayed where they were. I again made for the king, but the same thing happened, and again the King, together with the other vultures, flew down canyon. This happened still a third time, but the Sarcoramphus soared high into the air and flew out of sight over the hills, while the Turkey Vultures remained where they were. In none of these flushing flocks did I see or smell anything in the way of animal

No text detected

Davis 1942 77 Lake Amega, Zoo; deft. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 20, 1942. Remains, and it is possible that these birds were resting in the cool shade of the canyon. Feb. 21, 1942 Hunted in dense jungle forest. Shot an El Salvador Attila. These birds sing near the tops of the very tall trees, 60 or 70 feet from the ground, and will sing from one perch for lengthy intervals. The song is rather complex, and very distinctive. When disturbed, they utter a series of very harsh notes, which are in marked contrast to the clear song. They never seem to fly very far when disturbed, but move from one branch to another, or possibly from one tree to another, where sin- ging is resumed. These birds, from what I have seen, are not paired yet. In a very dark, well shaded spot ran across a pair of Pygmy Woodthrushes, of which I took the ♂, the other bird flying at my shot. The birds were working on separate, but adjacent trees. Later in the a.m. I saw across a third, rather near the place where I had seen the pair. This bird may have been the ♀. I could not collect it. Shot a Glaucid Flycatcher perched low in a small shrub. The resemblance between these and a medium-sized Empidonax when perched is striking. These birds are also unpaired, & not singing. Collected a Bent-billed Flycatcher, all of these I have seen thus far are silent and unpaired. The fly- catchers seem to show very definite perching preference. Spade-bills prefer dense undercover, remaining 20 or feet from the forest floor. Glaucid Flycatchers are usually found 5 or 6

No text detected

Davis 1942 78 Lake Ornegu, 2oo', Dep't San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 21, 1942. Fest up in the dense undercover. The next stratum, about 10' up, belongs to the Enjidoraceae, although those are sometimes found higher. Next come the Bent- bills, then the Toddy Flycatchers, then the various species of Myjar- chus, and finally the tree-top species such as Derby, Giraud, & Scissor-tail Flycatchers, and Lichtenstein Kingbirds. There is naturally some overlap shown by all these birds, but the above are the typical places where the various species are found. Near the Rio San Miguel ran across several pairs of Overbirds (Oryaloxia) be easily identified by their call-notes. They were in the tops of small trees, about 15' above the ground, whereas most of the individuals seen before were in low brush or on the ground. Took a ♂. The native hunter brought in two curassows, of which I skinned one. Feb. 22, 1942. Hunted on the trail east of camp. Took a Spotted-breasted Oriole in the Mimosa scrub near the lake shore. Like the other Orioles around here, this species is rather shy, and had to be taken from rather long range. Shot a Lichtenstein's Oriole in the same habitat, and a Giraud Flycatcher in the front yard of the ha- cienda. Feb. 23, 1942. Hunted again in the dense jungle forest. Collected a Singing Pepper-shrike from a small shrub. Took a

No text detected

Lake Olomega, Zoo', Dept. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 23, 1942. Short-tailed Forest Lince and Hood-billed Kite. See species accounts for both of these. On the way home, I saw a pair of Ground cuckoos walking through on the ground under the mimosa bushes. These birds walk in a deliberate manner, peering from side to side as they progress. So distinctive is this method of walking that they have been nicknamed "Jesus-creepers" by the members of the party. Very often the bird will remain poised on one foot, the other being held against the abdomen. This contracted foot is then slowly placed to the ground, and the creeping continues. I shot one bird whereupon the other made a short, low flight out of sight behind some Mimosa bushes. Remembering what Van Rossem had said, that when startled this bird disappears, only to return again to satisfy its curiosity, I coiled the bird where I had dropped it. As I rose to leave, there was the other bird, creeping about me in a wide arc, staring at me. I collected it. In the p. m. natives brought in 2 snakes, which I have accurately identified as "Trimorphodon". The natives called them "vibora castellana". Feb. 24 - Feb. 26. Spend this time packing & breaking camp. Moved to the town of Olomega a m. Feb. 26. After retiring the night of Feb. 26, was awakened by a native who wanted to sell me a snake. It was a live Boa about 6' long,

No text detected

Davis 1942 80 Lake Omeqa, Zoo', Dep't. San Miguel, El Salvador Feb. 26, 1942. and absolutely unharmed. I bought it to send alive to Sherburne F. Cook Jr in Berkeley, California. Feb. 27, 1942. Took train to San Miguel, where we met Storton, Proceeded to San Salvador. Summary of Reptiles & Amphibians Basiliscus vittatus Common resident near water, being found along streams, The Rio San Miguel, & Lake Omeqa. Only 2 or 3 individuals were taken away from the immediate vicinity of water. No small individuals were seen. Brown-head Abundant in the grassland, found less commonly in open woods, and not at all in dense, well-shaded forest. In the grassland they averages about 1 per 20' for a mile of trail. Aniara undulata Fairly common in open woodland, not found anywhere else. Cnemidophorus Found in the Mimosa sent, and nowhere else. No large adults were seen. Only fairly common. Colonyx mitratus Rather common. Although only 4 or 5 specimens were taken, this was because only a small expanse of territory was covered. They were always found in under

No text detected

Luisa 942 81 Lake Olomega, Zoo; def't San Miguel, El Salvador Summary of reptiles and Amphibians Coleonyx mitratus Trees in dry leaves. The bold markings show up well at night. When shined, these lizards move slowly and slugishly. Coleonyx sp. This species has expanded terminal phalanges as op- poscd to C. mitratus. The remarks as to abundance & habitat re C. mitratus also apply to this form. Sceloporus Very common about rocks and in wooded areas. The ideal habitat for this species seems to be leaf-covered rocks under open forest conditions. Observations would indicate that these lizards remain in pairs, as they were seen paired in most cases. Chrosaurus complete Very common resident. Smaller individuals seem to stay in the thinnese scrub; numbers there being far higher than in woodland. Larger individuals were found mostly in the open woodland, where they were often seen foraging in the leaf litter. When startled they would run for the nearest tree and disappear into 2 cavities in the trunk. There were no agave fences here as at Monte Cristo, but a large patch of free-growing agave had a large number of small individuals in it. Crocodilus 4 specimens were brought in by natives, 2 of which

No text detected

David 1942 82 Lake Onega, 200; dep't. San Miguel, El Salvador Summary of reptiles and amphibians alus (cont'd. were prepared by Hildebrand, +2 by myself. These were caught by native fishermen in nets, and were brought in alive and untouched. A few smaller individuals were seen in the Rio San Miguel at the west end of the lake, but would always swim away as I approached the river bank, with only the front & dorsal spines above water. Iguana Abundant along the Rio San Miguel, and along the lake shore, although more numerous along the river. Stayed mainly in the tree lining the river bank, and the lake shore. Same species as at Monte Cristo. Anolis The situation regarding this genus is somewhat low- fused. Two species (?) were found to be the same as at Monte Cristo, differing in presence or absence of a dark blue-black spot on the throat-fan. Some individuals show verti- culations on the body similar to that found on one indi- vidual at Monte Cristo. These smaller forms were found mainly on fence posts and small saplings and shrubs. A third species was found, much longer and heavier than either of the other two, and with an unspotted orange-yellow throat- fan. It was restricted to larger trees, where it could be seen foraging for insects along the trunk. It was rather un- common. Turtles The same two species were found here as at Monte

No text detected

Lake Onega, Zoo', Dept. San Miguel, El Salvador Summary of reptiles and Amphibians Turtles (cont'd) Tristo; a red-legged turtle was brought in by Tucker, the botanist, and one specimen of the other species by a native boy. Both species are evidently rare, as no others were seen by any other members of the party. Diadophis Found nocturnally associated in the same dry-leaf habitats as the gecko. Here again, this must be a fairly common species, although few specimens were taken because of the small amount of territory that could be covered at night. Spilotes Common inhabitant of brushy and wooded areas about Lake Onega. This tree-climbing snake was not seen for several weeks, when I saw three in two days, and three more were brought in by natives. 5 were black phase, and one yellow phase. Trimorphodon 2 brought in by natives were the only specimens seen. Gray Colubrid (1165) One collected by R. A. Stinton was the only specimen encountered. Not as common here as at Monte Cristo or Int. Lacagnatique. Tropophis lineatus One collected in open grassland, and one brought taken in the hills by our native hunter, and one collected by

No text detected

Davis 1942 Lake Honenga, Zoo; Def 't St. Salvador, El Salvador Summary of Reptiles & Amphibians Hildelrand in the grass at the door of his tent were the only ones seen by the party. Helomydrus One specimen collected by the geologist, Gealey, on the ocean beach due south of Lake Honenga. Residents living near the beach had never seen one. It is probable that this snake is common offshore, but is but rarely washed ashore. Brown Racer (1198) One specimen brought in by Gealey. Oxybelis One specimen taken from a wire fence near a farmhouse. Although this snake was said to be common in the Mimosa scrub near the lake shore by the natives, no other specimens were seen. Boa 2 brought in by natives. Mabuya 2 specimens seen by Gealey, + 3 by me, of which I collected one. Seen near the stream back of camp (2 by Gealey) and on a few-foot, in a ploughed field, and one collected from the dry leaves beneath the open woodland trees near the lake shore east of camp. Seems to be a rare, but widely distributed resident. Bufo Marinus Very common in the stream adjacent to camp, and along

No text detected

Lake Omega, 200', dep't San Miguel, El Salvador summary of reptiles and amphibians Bufo marinus (cont'd). The lake shore. They were so numerous that when adjacent to the lake shore when these toads were in full voice, one per- son could hardly hear another person talking from a distance of 10 feet. Bufo valliceps A fairly common resident. Seen on several occa- sions at and after twilight. Rana sp. A rather common resident along the lycopodi- beds at the lake shore, where they are associated with B. marinus. They stay well hidden in the lyacodis in several feet of water, and are virtually unapproachable. Only one specimen was taken, but this is no indication of their real numbers. narrow-mouth toad One specimen taken near the stream at camp. Status uncertain. Eleutherodactylus (?) One specimen taken from the stream near camp. Status uncertain.

No text detected

the diary 1942 86 San Salvador, Dep't San Salvador, El Salvador Feb. 27, 1942 - March 4, 1942. In San Salvador making arrangements to go to Los Escosmiles. While at the government Agricultural Experiment Station at Taliba, Dr. Mario Levy San Severo, an official in the Dep't of Agriculture, gave me three snakes (1303, 1304, 1305) from his own collection, none of which I have as yet seen. He also ran across two specimens, 1 Odipus salivii, and a coecilian. He had collected the former, and given it to the late Mr. Calderon, whose job he now holds. He had no data on the coecilian. Calderon had sent these two specimens to the United States for identification, either to the Field Museum or to the U.S. Nat'l Museum. Since neither of these groups, salamanders or coecilians, have been recorded from this country, they must stand as the first records for the country. March 4 - left San Salvador & went to San Ignacio, Dep't Chalatenango, a small town at the foot of Los Escosmiles. March 5 - In San Ignacio, Dep't Chalatenango. March 6 - Proceeded to a point about 1 mile from the house in which we are to camp. The first part of the ascent was through the pine forest. This was succeeded by mixed pines & deciduous tree, which in turn was succeeded by nearly pure deciduous woods. From time to time we passed a wheat field flared on the side of some slope. Wheat is the principal crop of this area. After about

No text detected

San Ignacio - Los Escamiles, Dep't Chalatenango, El Salvador March 6, 1942. 4 hours muleback ride, we came out onto an open plain margined encircled to the east & west by mountain ridges, that to the east being the chain making up Los Escamiles. From this plain it was easy to see the irreparable damage that has been, & is being done, to the original forest cover. The oaks and pines have been virtually stripped off to make room for wheat fields, and this clearing has extended deep into the cloud forest, which, on this west side of Los Escamiles, is confined to the top part of the ridge. Stinton said that it extended much lower down the slopes when he and Van Bossem were here some 15 years ago. A few small clumps of pines have been left, showing what the original cover was like. Most of the plain and mountain slopes are bare grassland, al- though there are patches of fern, blackberries, and small scrubby bushes here and there. Numerous slides have oc- curred as a result of the thorough stripping. Most of them are bare, although some fern and scrub growth has taken place along the slide margins. Ridge after ridge is sliding into the canyon. A wheat field planted on a canyon wall one year will have slid to the bottom of the canyon the next, and another wheat field will be carved out of the forest to take its place. This reckless use of the land is rapidly causing the rapid disappearance of forest conditions. We rode to the south west, around the main range of Los Escamiles, and then doubled back to the

No text detected

L. Davis 1942 88 San Ignacio - Los Escamiles, Dept. Chalatenango, El Salvador March 6, 1942 North. Here the same situation prevails, most of the east slope being stripped and very badly eroded. The slopes are covered with slides. Honduras lies to the east, the border lying only a couple of miles away, and the ranges in sight over there have suffered in the same manner as Los Escamiles. We stayed at a small farmhouse for the night. March 7, 1942. Proceeded from the farmhouse to a point on the E slope Los Escamiles, 7300', Dept. Chalatenango, El Salvador where we were given the use of a small, one room house located on a ridge between two canyons. There is a small patch of dry cloud forest, mostly elfslipye-covered oaks, on the ridge to the southeast. On the ridge to the north, natives are clearing land for wheat. The entire canyon well has been stripped, and there is some cloud forest on top of the ridge opposite our house. There is open grassy scrubland directly above our house and on the saddle between our ridge & the one to the south-east there are wheat fields. The trail to the top of the mountain lies on the latter ridge. There are several large stands of cloud forest between camp and the summit, the most extensive stands covering two peaks. The peak to the north is the summit of the mountain. The cloud forest evidently extends over the peak, forming the stands we saw from the plain.

No text detected

F slope Los Escamites, 7300', Dept Chalatenango, El Salvador March 8, 1942. Stayed around Camp, and have an infected foot. Several specimens were brought in by members of the party. The cleoborus here is green, and closely resembles that found on Mt. Tacaguatique, but I believe that it is diffe- rent. The Ferborus is evidently not salvadorensis, as the frontal + median frontonasal are in contact, and the color + size are somewhat different from Schmidt's description. An Anolis was brought in which has a broad yellow stripe running from a point just behind the head, the whole length of the body and over the basal 1/2 of the tail. The throat fan is yellow. March 9, 1942. All today, I stayed in bed all day. Natives brought in two snakes. One resembles a garter snake, to which it is certainly closely allied. The other snake is a Bothrops godmani. It agrees closely with Schmidt's description of a specimen taken here by Stirton in 1927. The "garter" snake is called "Sanagas", the pit viper came "Timbo". They came from down below a short distance. March 10, 1942. Stayed in bed all today. Another Bothrops and a snake tentatively identified as Micrurus were brought in by a native. The second snake resembles a coral snake in shape, size, scalation, but it is a light red dorsally, with mid-dorsal black shading, no traces of annuli. I know of no species of

No text detected

Los Escamiles, Boos', Dept. Chalatenango, El Salvador March 10, 1942. of Trimeresurus that has no annuli, this snake may be something else, however. March 11, 1942. Another native-caught Bothrops. Took a short walk today in the cloud forest just to the north of our camp. This is rather dry. Saw numerous fallen logs which I turned over & lifted apart looking for salamanders, without success. Even in very rotten logs, the inside wood is not very wet. Turned down numerous epiphytes looking for amphibians, also without success. Most of the epiphytes are 2 species of Bromelia. These plants hold a great deal of water which condenses on them from the clouds which drift through the forest. Caught a couple of Gerrhonotus, and noted 1 more. They seem to stay in the dead leaves beneath the cloud forest trees, and are quite wary. When disturbed, they move away with an undulatory movement of the body. Although they move rather slowly, the forest floor is so littered up with fallen leaves, logs, ferns, & mulch, that they have many places for escape. Consequently they are rather hard to catch if they get much of a head start. I. Sceloporus seem to be confined to isolated trees along trails or at the edge of the cloud forest. In the cleared land there are many isolated charred stumps left over from burning off, & these seem to be a favorite habitat of

No text detected

E Slope Los Essequiles, 7300 ±; Dept Chaltenango, El Salvador March 11, 1942. Sceloporus. They are very wary, and run into ca- vities in the stumps when a person approaches within 20 feet. Either their eyesight or hearing, or both, is very keen. Took a specimen of a small lizard, perhaps Gymnophthalmus suinchrastis, in the dead fan litter just at the edge of a wheat-field. Arolci seems to be a lizard of the cleared or burned-off areas, none having been seen in the cloud forest. Today brought in a Hyla from the southwest slope. It is not H. lathyrsus note. March 12, 1942 Natives brought in 6 more Bothrops godmani. They are evidently very common, both above & below camp. Most of them are evidently brought in by natives who are cutting brush. Stayed close to camp today, as my foot still bothers me. March 13, 1942 Still confined to camp. 2 more native-caught Bo- throps. Stinton caught one today. While setting traps in the cloud forest, he sat down for a rest. As he sat down, he heard a rustling in the dry leaves, and saw a Bothrops about 1' away, backing away. Stinton placed his gun barrel behind the snakes head, it immediately ceased all attempts to escape, lying motionless while Stinton cut a forked stick, pried it down, picked it up & put it in a reptile bag. He also caught a Hyla in a small stream at the bottom of a steep cloud-

No text detected

Los Escosmiles, 1300±, Dep't Chaletemango, El Salvador March 13, 1942 forest canyon. At the time it was caught it was a solid cream color above, with yellowish legs, and yel- lowish underneath. The iris was evidently widely ex- panded, & also cream-colored, so that Sturton said that at first he could not see its eyes. He heard a second tree-frog calling, traced the voice to its source, and then inspected the area from which the noise was co- ming, but could find no trace of the tree-frog. A native brought in a large greenish-gray racer with a mid-dorsal stripe of black, of the same species as one that I caught on Mt. Tacaguateque (1018). March 14, 1942. Walked along the stream from which Sturton had taken the Hyla. This stream flows north, and is at the bottom of a very steep canyon, the walls of which are covered with heavy, dense cloud-forest vegetation. It is bordered with heavy brush and fern growth, which is very moist. There were numerous fallen logs along the stream, evidently fallen trees which had rolled down from above. Many of these were rotten, and looked like excellent places for salamanders, but none were tur- ned up. Saw two frogs, both of which dove from the steep stream- banks into deep pools before I had a chance on them. They looked like large green Hyla. Sturton and I heard a third individual calling from the stream bank above a small waterfall. We approached the frog from opposite sides; I above & Sturton be- low, tearing down all the vegetation and overturning all

No text detected

Davis 1942 93 E slope Los Esesimiles, 7300+; Rep't Chalatenango, El Salvador March 14, 1942 rocks + logs as we clod in, but never caught sight of the frog, which continued to call, seemingly right at our feet. I followed the stream toward its source, & then cut up over the west slope through a wheatfield. Caught a Gerhodontus and an Anolis (1347) in the wheat stubble. followed main trail upward the summit to a height of about 8400', & caught a Gerhodontus at this height in a patch of cloud forest. 2 more Bothrofs goldmani were brought in by natives. March 15, 1942 Went into the higher portions of the cloud forest hunting for salamanders. See species account for Dedipus. Ano- ther Bothrops brought in & by natives - March 16, 1942 In camp again today. Collected a Sceloporus, and a na- tive brought in the daily Bothrofs. March 17, 1942 Hunted on the ridge just above camp. 5 Anolis & a Sco- loforus. March 18, 1942 Hunted for Dedipus in the upper cloud forest. Obtained 19 specimens of the same species as those obtained March 15. They were found in the same habitat - beneath the bark or sapwood of moist, rotten logs. No free crawling individuals were seen. Also obtained 1 Sceloporus, one caught by hand. These lizards evidently do not wander far, as I have seen the same

No text detected

Diario 1942 Eslope Los Esesmiles, 7300±, dep't Chalatenango, El Salvador March 18, 1942 Individuals in the same stumps + trees day after day. There are not many young individuals around, March 19, 1942 Confined to camp today. Natives brought in three races, all different. March 20, 1942 Hunted near camp in a.m. Went down a small stream below camp. Heard several frogs croaking, but could not find them, although at times it seemed that I was standing upon the spot from which the croake issued. Storton and I returned to this stream in the p.m. and obtained 4 Rana. See species account Rana this date. March 21, 1942 Confined to camp. In a.m. shot a Sclerophus from a stump near camp. March 22, 1942 - March 23, 1942 Stayed around camp these two days. But up a few things brought in by natives, + other members of the party. March 24- April 2, 1942 In San Salvador, April 3, 1942 Gealey, Leitz and I went to San Juan Mine, owned by René Kilawer of San Salvador. This mine lies 7 1/2 mi. SE Metapan, at 1600', in the dep't of Santa Ana. From, what I have heard, Kilawer received a report

No text detected

Davis 1942 San Juan Mine, 1 1/2 mi S E Metafan /600', Dept. Santa Ana, El Salvador. April 3, 1942 from a Belgian mining engineer named Klerl, of a large lead & zinc deposit near Metafan. He built a road the 1 1/2 mi. from Metafan to the deposit, put up a large house, plumbing etc., installed steam & diesel pumps & hoists, etc. And assembled a staff of English and American engineers, & a considerable number of native workers. 300 tons of ore were taken out, & it was discovered that the lead & zinc were in the same ore & could not be separated. The mine closed, every--one went home, Kilauer lost something over $200,000, and we have a place to stay. The country is very barren and rocky, and arid. Prevailing growth on the foothills surrounding us is low scrub and scorched grassland, with extensive groves of small pines higher up. All my collecting equipment, in--cluding shot pistol, is at Los Essumales. I have only 1 quart jar and a pair of nail scissors. Ants and I caught an Anolis apiece. There is a large lizard found commonly here, in the rocky stream bed running past the mine, in scrub, and in the agave fences which are numerous about here. They resemble Ameiva in shape, scalation, & ectrois, but are spotted with yellow on all their upper sur--faces. Since Ameiva is abundant here, I think that they are very large adults of Ameiva undulata, and will refer to them as such. The only difference

No text detected

San Juan Mine, 1/2 mi. SE Metapan, 1600', def't. Santa Ana, El Salvador April 3, 1942 between them and smaller individuals is that they are less nervous, & do not run very far when pursued, but remain in the same general area where first seen, whereas the typical Ameiva will often run 30 or 40 yards when pursued. These larger individuals too flew and root in the dirt in the same manner as Ameivas. They seem to feed on insects. Smaller Ameivas are everywhere, Bufois are uncommon. After Suffer worked along the stream bed about 150 yds. from the main house. There are a few pools of standing water; elsewhere the stream is completely dry, & the bed covered with small rocks washed down from above. Secured a toad, and 3 other Amphibia, of all different. Also a Bufo with prominent crests on the head; this toad is a sea green color dorsally. The same Bufo is here that we noted at Omego, which I tentatively identified as Bufo marinus (e.g. #1103). They utter the same powerful hill. In one large pool there were at least 30 of these toads, some in amplexus. One female swam out into the pool and was "approached" by about 6 m's, one of which went into amplexus with her. The other m's scrambled wildly to dislodge #1 and climb aboard. The seven toads were eventually clasped together in a clump, kicking, fighting, slashing. #1 never relinquished his hold. At times

No text detected

No text detected

No text detected

No text detected

No text detected

No text detected

No text detected