Field notes, v1539

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19 CONTENTS Catalogue - nos 1-198 Journal - 1956-57 Species Accounts Amphibians Birds

CONTENTS Catalogue - nos. 1-198 Journal - 1956-58 Species Accounts Amphibians Birds

Raitt, R.J. 1953-57 Catalogue nos. 1-198

R.J.Raitt 1953 Catalogue 1 mi. E Inverness, 25 ± ft., Marin Co., California September 27 1 ♀ Peromyscus maniculatus 200-94-29-17-15 N C 27.9 gm. collected by 5.B. Benson Sagehen Creek, 3 mi. NW Hobart Mills, Nevada Co., California October 3 2 ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 147-51-20-17-15 No. wt. 3 ♀ Microtus longicaudus 185-52-21-11-10 N C No. wt. 4 ♀ Sorex trowbridgei 114-45-13-6-6 N C No. wt. 5 ♀ Eutamias amoenus 202-73-30-15-12 N C No. wt. 6 ♀ Eutamias amoenus 183-78-27-17-13 N C No. wt. October 4 7 ♀ Thomomys monticola 199-64-25-9-9 N C No. wt. 8 ♂ Sorex vagrans 99-35-11-5-4 N C No. wt. 9 ♂ Eutamias speciosus 222-91-34-18-16 N C No. wt. 5 mi. SE Woodland, Yolo Co., California October 24 10 ♀ ad Euphagus cyanophalus 55.1 gm collected by W.C. Russell campus, University of California, Berkeley, Alameda Co., Calif. November 2 11 ♀ Imm Zonotrichia leucophrys 25.1 gm 5 mi. SE Woodland, Yolo Co., California October 24 12 ♀ ad. Agelaius phoeniceus 45.5 gm collected by W.C. Russell Sagehen Creek, 3 mi. NW Hobart Mills, Nevada Co., Calif. December 12 13 ♂ Neotoma cinerea 391-162-48-27-26 N C 335.8 gm poisoned by P.R. Neelham

R.J. Raitt 1953 2 Catalogue 8 mi. W Lancaster, Los Angeles Co., California December 25 14 ♂ Citellus leucurus 178-36-35-10 No wt. 15 ♂ Citellus leucurus 218-59-37-11 No. wt. Hall Canyon, Ventura, Ventura Co., California December 27 16 ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 156-63-21-17 No. wt. 1956 3 mi. NW Rabbit Peak 3600-3900 ft Santa Rosa Mts, Riverside Co., Calif. January 27 3900 ft. 17 ♀ Aphelocoma coerulescens 67.5 gm collected by A.H. Miller 18 ? Junco oreganus 16.2 gm. 3600 ft 19 ♂ Parus inornatus testis 1mm 16.2 gm. Martinez Canyon, 1300ft, Santa Rosa Mts, Riverside Co., Calif. January 28 20 ♀ Thryomanes bewicki 8.3 gm. 3 mi. NW Rabbit Peak, 3400-3900', Riverside Co., Calif. January 29 21 ♀ano. Citellus leucurus 206-63-36-9-6° 81.9gm. 3900ft. 22 ♂ testis Toxostoma redivivum 76.4 gm coll. by A.H. Miller 3400 ft. 23 ? Parus inornatus 16.8 gm 3500 ft. Mohave River, 1450 ± ft., 5 mi. E & 1 mi. N Midway, San Bernardino Co, Calif. March 28 24 ♂ left testis Lophortyx gambeli 164.7 gm 25 ♂ 3x6 mm Pyrocephalus rubinus 13.8 gm 26 ♀ Passerculus sandwichensis 16.3 Gm March 29 27 ♀ egg in oviduct Phainopepla nitens 30.2 Gm 28 ? Auriparus flaviceps 7.4 Gm

R.J.Raft 1956 Catalogue Mohave River, 1400+ ft., Afton, San Bernardino Co., Calif. March 30 29 ? Aphelocoma coeruleans 79.8 Gm. 30 ♀ largest Sayornis saya 20.1 Gm. 2mm diam Tyrranhus 31 ♀ largest Colaptes cafer 113.0 Gm. 1mm Mohave River, 1450+ ft., 5mi. E & 1mi N Midway, San Bernardino Co., Calif. March 30 32 ♂ left testis Capella delicata 80.4 Gm 5x2 mm 33 Geothlypis trichas 9.2 Gm. Mohave River, 1400+ ft., Afton, San Bernardino Co., Calif. March 31 34 ♂ testis Icterus 33.1 Gm. 4x6 mm 35 ♂ Aegolius phoeniceus 73.2 Gm. collected by V. Lewin 4mi. E & 2 mi. S Comptche, 1100+ ft., Mendocino Co., Calif. February 12 36 ? Chamaea fasciata 13.4 Gm. 37 ? Passerella iliaca 35.9 Gm. Jarbridge 6300-6700'ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 1 38 ♂ left testis phaecius Hedymetes melanocephalus 48.4 Gm 6500+ft. 8x12 mm 39 ♂ left testis Poecetes gramineus 25.1 Gm. 6700+ft. 8x11 mm 40 ♀ brood " " 23.0 Gm. 6300+ ft., patch, rt. testis 41 ♂ 3x8mm Junco 19.1 Gm. 6500+ft. left testis 42 ♂ 5x7mm Vermivora celata 9.1 Gm. 6300+ft. 43 ♀ Eutamias amoerus 204-86-31-19 75.5Gm 6100 ft. 44 ♂ left testis Chlorura chlorura 31.1 Gm. 6100 ft. 11mm 45 ♂ 7x9mm Carpodacus cassinii June 2 26.3 Gm 7100+ft. testis 46 ♀ largest Empidonax wrighti 11.9 Gm. 7100+ ft. 1mm

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R.J. Raitt 1956 Catalogne Jarbidge, 6100-7100 ft, Elko Co., Nevada June 2 left testis 47 ♂ 4mm Vermivora celata left testis 48 ♂ 5x8mm Spizella passerina 8.7 Gm. 7100±ft. 11.2 Gm. 6500±ft. June 3 1 49 ♀ Empidonax difficilis 11.4 Gm. 6100 ft. left testis 50 ♂ 7x12mm Passerella iliaca largest ovum 51 ♀ 7mm Oporornis tolmiei left testis 52 ♂ 7x10mm Passerella iliaca 29.9 Gm. 6100 ft. 11.9 Gm. 6100 ft. 30.3 Gm. 6100 ft. Gorge Gulch, 7000-7700 ft, Jarbidge Mt., Elko Co., Nevada June 4 left testis 53 ♂ 6x8mm Chlorura chlorura left testis 54 ♂ 6x9mm Spizella passerina 55 ? Regulus calendula 30.0 Gm 7300±ft. 11.4 Gm. 7000±ft. 5.9 Gm. 7700±ft. 2 1/2 mi. W Jarbidge, 7500±ft. Elko Co., Nevada June 5 56 ♂ Vermivora celata left testis 3x4mm. 9.0 Gm. 57 ♂ Junco left testis 10mm. 20.9 Gm. 58 ♂ Junco left testis 7x9mm. 19.3 Gm. 59 ♂ Sialia currucoides left testis 14 mm 28.5 Gm. 3 mi. N Jarbidge, 5700 ft, Elko Co., Nevada June 6 60 ♀ Sylvilagus nuttalli lactating 379-46-91-64 944.3 Gm. 61 ♀ Oporornis tolmiei brood patch 12.0 Gm. 4 mi. N Jarbidge, 6700±ft. Elko Co., Nevada June 5 62 ♂ Passerina amoena 13.6 Gm.

R.J. Raitt 1956 Catalogue 1 1/2 mi. E Jarbridge, 7800-8300 ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 7 63 ♂ Eremophila alpestris left testis 6x10mm 30.9 Gm. 7800±ft. 64 ♂ Parus gambeli left testis 7x12min 11.2Gm. 8300±ft. 63♂ Junco Testes appear less than max. 17.6 gm. " 64♀ Dendroica auduboni 11 1 Gm. " 65 ♀ Troglodytes aedon largest ovum 2 mm 9.4 Gm. " 66 ♂ Piranga ludoviciana 27.1 Gm. " Jarbridge, 6100±ft. Elko Co., Nevada June 7 67 ♀ Myotis 91-37-10-14 7.0 Gm. 68 ♀ Myotis 98-40-10-14 7.4 Gm. Cottonwood Creek, 5800±ft. Elko Co., Nevada June 9 69♀ Empidonax troilli largest ovum 12.0 Gm 1mm 70 ♀ Phucticus melanoccephalus largest ovum 41.8 Gm 1mm 71 ♀ Sayornis saya brood patch 21.8 Gm [illegible] 72 ♀ one emb. Myotis 83-39-10-14 6.1 Gm. June 10 73 ♀ one empty follicle largest ovum 4mm Steganopus tricolor 66.5 Gm. 74 ♂ Melospiza melodia left testis 8x10mm 20.4 Gm. 75 ♂ Melospiza melodia left testis 11 mm 20.0 Gm. 76 ♂ Passerculus sandwichensis left testis 8x12mm 19.1 Gm Spizella 77 ♂ Passerculus sandwichensis left testis 7x10mm 17.6 Gm. June 9 Skull only 78 ♀ Myotis 84-37-9-15

R.J.Raitt 1956 catalogue Cottonwood Creek, 5800+ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 11 79 ♂ Aegolius phoeniceus left testis 9x13mm. 61.1 gm. 80 ♂ Aegolius phoeniceus left testis 9x15mm. 64.4 Thomas Creek, 7600ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co. Nevada June 12 81 ♂ Hylocichla ustulata left testis 8x12mm. 29.5 82 ♂ Carpodacus cassinii left testis 7x8mm. 26.4 83 ♂ Oporornis tolmiei left testis 9mm. 12.2 84 ♀ Dendroica auduboni largest ovum 7mm. 14.9 85 ♂ Dendroica auduboni left testis 8mm. 12.2 Lamoille Creek, 9000-9500ft. Ruby Mts., Elko Co. Nevada June 13 86 ♂ Leucosticte left testis 11mm. 23.8 gm. 9500+ft. June 14 87 ♂ Regulus calendata left testis 6mm. 6.0gm. 9300+ft 88 ♂ Spinus pinus left testis 4x6mm. 11.6 gm. 9300+ft. 89 ♂ Sialia currucoides left testis 11mm. 28.6 9300+ft. 90 ♂ Empidonax difficilis left testis 4x9mm. 14.4 9300+ft 91 ♂ Hylocichla guttata left testis 7x12mm 26.0 9300+ft 92 ♂ Hylocichla guttata left testis 8x13mm. 27.6 9000+ft. 93 ♂ Junco left testis 5x10mm. 18.7 9000+ft. Thomas Creek, 7600+ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 15 94 ♂ Junco left testis 6x8mm. 19.2. June 16 1800 ft. 4emb. 95 ♀/9mm Ochotona princeps 191 - 9 - 30-23 177.3 gm. " 96 ♀ no emb. Ochotona princeps 192 - 10 - 31-23 160.0 gm.

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R.S.Raift 1956 Catalogue Thomas Creek, 7600-7800+ ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 16 97 ♀ emb. Eutamias amoenus 218-97-32-19 59.0 Gm. 7700±ft. 98 ♀ Empidonax difficilis lgst ovum 2mm 12.3 Gm. 7700±ft 99 ♂ Parus gambeli left testis 6x9mm 11.6 Gm. 7700±ft. 100 ♂ Oporornis tolmiei left testis 11mm 10.1 Gm. 7600±ft. Thomas Creek, 9000+ ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 17 101 ♀ Aititis maculatus lgst ovum 15mm 50.5 Gm. 2 ovulated 102 ♂ Ochotona princeps 195-18-32-25 156.5 Gm. brood patch 103 ♀ Myadestes townsendi shelled egg in oviduct 37.1 Gm. 3 ovulated follicles 104 ♂ Sialia currucoides left testis 13mm 27.0 Gm. Thomas Creek, 7800±ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 19 105 ♂ Hylocichla guttata left testis 9x14mm 29.2 Gm. 106 ♀ Hylocichla guttata brood patch 28.2 follicles small 107 ♂ Spizella passerina left testis 5x8mm 12.2 108 ♂ Dendroica auduboni left testis 6x9mm 12.1 109 ♀ Empidonax difficilis brood patch 14.2 follicles small 110 ♂ Vermivora virginiae left 7.7 testis 6mm. Thomas Creek, 7600±ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 20 111 ♂ Troglodytes aedon left testis 8mm 9.7 testi 112 ♂ Vireo gilva left 5x7mm 11.7 113 ♂ Vireo gilva left testis 5x8mm 11.7 114 ♂ Oporornis tolmiei left testis 6x9mm 11.1 115 ♂ Hylocichla ustulata left testis 13mm 31.6 116 ♀ emb. Zapus princeps 262-155-33-15 31.1 Gm.

[illegible] [illegible] [illegible] [illegible] [illegible] [illegible]

R.J.Raitt 1956 Catalogue Thomas Creek, 7600+ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co. Nevada June 20 117 ♀ Perognathus parvus 174-95-23-9 llaw long 21.1 Gm. 118 ♀ emb Peromyscus maniculatus 175-65-21-18 22.3 Gm. 119 ♂ Permomyscus maniculatus 169-74-20-18 20.2 Gm. Lamoille Creek, 9300+ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 21 120 ♂ Tachycineta thalassina left testis 7x9mm 14.2 Gm. 121 ♂ Tachycineta thalassina left testis 10x12mm 14.7 Gm. 122♂ Eutamias amoenus 192-71-32-17 52.4 Gm. 123 ♂ Regulus calendula left testis 5x6mm 6.3Gm. Thomas Creek, 7600+ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 21 124 ♂ Zapus princeps 254-152-33-16 30.5 Gm. June 22 125 ♀ Sphyrapicus varius brood patch follicles small 44.1 Gm. 126 ♂ Dryobates villosus left testis 6mm 70.5 Gm. 127 ♂ Vermivora virginiae left testis 5x5mm 9.3 east side Spruce Mtn., 8800+ft., Elko Co. Nevada June 24 128 ♀ Spizella passerina brood patch follicles small 12.7 Gm. 129 ♂ Spizella passerina left testis 7mm 11.6 -8800+ft east side Spruce Mtn., 8400+ft., Elko Co. Nevada June 25 130 ♂ Peromyscus maniculatus 169-76-21-17 22.1 Gm. 8400+ft 131 ♀emb Peromyscus maniculatus 167-70-21-16 24.8 Gm. 8400+ft. 132 ♀ Sphyrapicus thyroideus brood patch largest ovum 2mm 49.8Gm. 8800+ft. 133 ♂ Junco left testis 6x8mm 18.2 Gm. 8700+ft.

R.J. Rait 1956 Catalogue cast side Spruce Mtn., 8700+ ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 25 134 ? Parus gambeli left testis 4x6mm brood patch? 10.9 Gm. west side Spruce Mtn., 10,000+ ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 25 135 ? Salpinctes obsolctus left testis 5x7mm 14.5 Gm. 136 ? Sialia currucoides brood patch, 19st ovum 10mm 33.8 137 ? Tachycineta thalassinia lefttestis 7x10mm 14.9 cast side Spruce Mtn., 8800+ ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 26 138 ? Sphyrapicus thyroideus brood patch left testis 5x7mm 51.8 139 ? Sphyrapicus thyroideus brood patch follicles small 46.7 cast side Spruce Mtn., 8400-8700+ ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 26 140 ? Microtus longicaudus 181-58-21-13 40.0 Gm. 8400+ft. 141 ? emb Citellus lateralis 275-104-38-20/66.2Gm 8400+ ft. 142? Colaptes cafer broodpatch, follicles small 134.2 June 27 143 ? Oryobates villosus left testis 7mm brood patch? 8700+ft. 144 ? Junco left testis 8mm 18.9 Gm 8700+ ft.

R.J.Raitt 1956 Catalogue Hoh River, 550+ ft., Jefferson Co., Washington August 8, 1956 145 Rana pretiosa 7 mi. S Sequim, 1200+ft., Clallam Co., Wash. August 17, 1956 146 ? Bonasa umbellus 536.4 Gm. 147 ♂? Regulus satrapa 7.6 Gm. 4½ mi. S, 7 mi. W Sequim, 1500+ft., Clallam Co., Wash, August 18, 1956 148 ♀ Dendragapus obscurus ova small, brood patch 824.5 Gm. 149 ♀ Perisoreus ova small 65.0 Gm 150 ♂ Perisoreus testis 2mm 58.1 Gm 7 mi. S Sequim, 1200+ft., Clallam Co., Wash. August 19, 1956 151 ♂ Perisoreus testis 3mm 61.2Gm Big Quilcene River, 4200+ ft., Jefferson Co., Wash. August 22, 1956 152 ? Glaucidium 153 ? Hylocichla guttata Wet Weather Creek, 2500+ft. Big Quilcene Valley, Jefferson Co., Wash August 21, 1956 154 Rana Ascaphus Big Quilcene River, 1800+ft., Jefferson Co., Washington August 23, 1956 155 Bufo 156 Bufo

R.J. Raitt 1956 catalogue 4 mi. W Port Townsend, 50 ft., Jefferson Co., Wash. August 24, 1956 157 ♂ Thryomanes bewicki testis 1mm Port Townsend, Jefferson Co., Washington August 25, 1956 158 ♂ juv Telmatodytes palustris 159 ♂ testis [illegible] Telmatodytes palustris 160 ? Telmatodytes palustris 3 mi. W Port Townsend, 100 ± ft., Jefferson Co., Wash. August 25, 1956 161 ♂ Oendragapus obscurus testic 4x6 mm

Catalogue Add & marbled cover to W. in P. August 21, 1956 on first edition, $750 Add marbled cover to Washington August 23, 1956 initialing of text, vol. 2, $750 initialing of plates, $990 initialing of plates, $800 Add & marbled cover to W. in P. August 22, 1956 inset - corrected engraving, $750

R.J. Raitt 1956 Catalogue 8mi S Marysville, Yuba Co., California Nov.3,1956 162 ♂ chen rossii Mojave River, 1400+ ft, Afton, San Bernardino Co., Calif. Dec.26,1956 163 ♀ Ad Sayornis nigricans 18.86m. 164 ♀ Aéronautes 32.3 Gm. 165 ? Regulus calendula 6.0 Gm. 166 ♀ Polioptila 6.4 Gm. Dec. 27, 1956 167 ♀ Melospiza melodia 23.0 Gm. 168 ♂ Thryomanes bewicki 10.5 Gm. 169 ? Telmatodytes palustris 9.2Gm.

R. J. Raith 1957 Catalogue 2 mi. W Reyes Pk., 7000 ft., Pine Mtn., Ventura Co., Calif. April 20, 1957 170 ♂ Ad Junco oreganus left testis 7x9mm 16.4gm. 171 ♂ " " left testis 7x10mm. 16.4 172 ♂ " " left testis 5 x 8 mm 17.5 173 ♀ Carpodacus mexicanus ovary granular 22.3 174 ♀ Sitta pygmaea ovary granular 12.1 175 ♂ " " left testis 6 mm 10.5 176 ♂ " " left testis 4x6mm 10.4 177 ♂ Parus gambeli left testis 7x9mm 11.2 178 ♂ Certhia familiaris testes not measured 7.6 179 ♀ Dendrocopos albolarvatus largest ovum 2mm 50.7 180 ♂ " " left testis 7±mm 60.1

[illegible]

R.J. Raitt 1957 Catalogue Crocker Guard station, 5760 ft., 5 mi. N, 2 1/2 mi. W Beckwourth, Plumas Co., Calif. October 12, 1957 181 ♀ Ad Gymnorhinus cyanophala 98.7 gm Sawmill Mtn., 5200+ ft., 7 mi. W, 2 mi. N Lake Hughes, Los Angeles Co. Calif. December 26, 1957 182 ♀ Sitta carolinensis no. wt. 183 ♂ Parus gambeli testis about 1mm " 184 ♂ " " " " " 185 ♀ " " " 186 ♀? Parus inornatus 16.6 gm 187 ♂ Sitta pygmaea testis < 1mm 11.1 gm 188 ? Sphyrapicus varius 49.0 gm. 189 ♂ Cyanocitta stelleri testis 3mm long 116.4 190 this number never used - other Steller Jay skinned by Bank(?) 2 mi. W Reyes Peak, 7000+ ft., Pine Mtn., Ventura Co., Calif. December 29, 1957 191 ♀ Dendrocopos albolarvatus ovary granular 54.8 gm. 192 ♀ " " ovary granular 54.2 gm. 193 ♀ " " ovary granular 54.7 gm. 195 ♂ " " testis 2mm 57.9 gm 196 ♀ Dendrocopus nuttallii ovary prepuberal 35.3 [illegible] gm 197 ♀ Sialia mexicana 26.2 gm 198 ♂ Sphyrapicus thyroideus testis 2mm. 47.2 gm

Raitt, R.J. 1956-58 Journal

R. J. Raitt 1956 Journal Martinez Canyon, Santa Rosa Mts, Riverside Co., Calit. January 26 Left Berkeley about 7:30 AM yesterday with Dr. Miller in the MUZ truck. Rained off and on through the San Joaquin and all through the Mohave Desert until we got just beyond Victorville. From Victorville we drove through Apple Valley and Lucerne Valley over the back road north of the San Bernardinos, to Morongo Valley and us 99. We stopped at Indio at about 8:30 PM and stayed at a motel. During the night it rained a small amount, and it was cloudy when we arose. After eating breakfast, buying groceries and asking directions in Indio we headed south on us 99 to Valerie Jean's from where we turned right (west) on a paved road leading toward the Santa Rosas, where the pavement ends on the road another road goes to the left up into Martinez canyon. The lower part of this road we found difficult to negotiate and got stuck temporarily several times. However, as soon as some altitude had been gained, the sand become coarser with a shallower bottom so we had less trouble and arrived at a point where the road is closed off by a cable and signs are painted indicating it is a private road. Our camp was made just below this point at an estimated elevation of 1300 ft. After arriving here at 11:30 AM we set up camp and ate lunch. On the way from Indio we saw Phainopeplas in some mesquite clumps

R.J. Raítt 1956 Journal January 26 Martínez Canyon, Santa Rosa Mts, Riverside Co., California and Mocking Birds in mesquite clumps and on wires between Indio and Valerie Jean's. Saw a Road Runner right next to a farmhouse just after leaving Valerie Jean's. On the dirt road up into the canyon we saw several Phainopeplas which became less abundant as we enter'd the canyon. Here at camp we have seen none. Near the mouth of the canyon we heard a Rock Wren calling; - We left camp about and headed up the road at about 1 PM through sandy washes, cacti,gaw, mescote, agave ocstillo, creosote bushes, etc. Saw an Antelope Ground squirrel, several Black-tailed Gnatcatchers (2 of them in camp), ! Say Phoebe, I Bewick Wren and heard a Shrike on the lower part of the road. After several miles the wash bottom began to show some different vegetation including several cottonwoods, some Baccharis, arrow weed and more Palo Verde and mesquite. Also we began to see quail tracks, and a small pool of stagnant water appeared in the bottom of the wash. About at this level we began to see junipers on the slopes above. At the 2,200 ft level in the main Martínez Canyon, about a mile above the first green vegetation and a half-mile after going through a stock fence gate we reach the end of the road at a small stone shack set against the south wall of the canyon. No one was in the shack and it was locked on the door was painted: "Dixon and Miller, P.O. Box 182, Thermal, Calit."

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R.J. Rath 1956 3 Journal January 26 Martinez Canyon, Santa Rosa Mts, Riverside Co., Calif. A few yards down from the cabin are evidences of a spring - including maidenhair ferns - and tanks and pipes to catch the water. As we approached this spring - at which there was no water - several quail flushed away flying downstream. A call revealed them to be Gambel Quail. We retrieved our guns and went after them. They flushed up right at my feet and startled me into reaction. I got off a load of 8's but missed. Dr. Miller took a shot but missed also. We followed them on downstream for a ways but saw only one and got no more shots. There were about 7 in the covey. Continuing up the wash conditions became drier again in the bottom but more junipers appeared on the sides of the canyon. We passed several clumps of mesquite which appeared to contain no birds. At the 2,500 ft. level the canyon divides with a branch coming in from north and south. A trail (presumably going over the crest of the Santa Rosas to the Palms-to-Pines Hwy) angles up the north face of the south branch to the top of the divide. As we started up the trail (at about 4 PM) we saw, about 50 yds up on the top of the divide, a mountain sheep with a fine head. He stopped and looked at us for several seconds and we had a good look at him before he disappeared over the divide. Before we could resume our climb up the trail we heard and then saw a cactus woodpecker up near the top of the south rim of the canyon. He was on an ocotillo branch. Dr. Miller went up after it,

R.J. Raitt Journal 4 January 26 Martinez Canyon, Santa Rosa Mts, Riverside Co., California but he didn't get a good shot at it before it flew down canyon. We then hiked on up the trail but had gone only a few yards when we spotted an oasis in the south canyon and climbed down the steep canyon wall several yards to it. There was quite a bit of green vegetation, presumably grass, filling the canyon bottom. A very small trickle flowed along the bottom and there were a few stagnant pools. We had heard a titmouse from above but couldn't locate it or any other birds so we headed back down after a short drink from a better part of the rill and a futile search for amphibians. The oasis is about 3,800 ft in elevation at its foot. We didn't traverse it to its upper limit. On the north-facing slope above it we saw manzanita [illegible], ceanothus and Pinyon Pines in addition to the junipers. This denser vegetation at this point comes down the slope nearly to the canyon bottom. We started down at about 4:30 PM and had gone about halfway to the junction between the 2 branch canyons when I heard another Cactus Woodpecker which he shot. After a short chase, the wounded bird was dispatched and we headed on down. Darkness overtook us at about 5:45 PM and it began to sprinkle rain at about 6:15 PM. We reached camp at about 6:30 PM. All day long clouds had been drifting over the crest of the Santa Rosas from the west so that it had been alternately sunny and

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal 5 January 26 Mortinez Canyon, Santa Rosa Mts, Riverside Co., California cloudy although usually cloudy. The wind had been blowing down-canyon intermittently all afternoon. After dark the wind increased in duration and velocity and the clouds began to pile up and rain. It rained all night long with a few periods of let up, and the winds came in very strong gusts. We cooked chow in the rain and Dr. Miller slept in the umbrella tent and I in the truck. January 27 We got up to find the rain had stopped. In spite of almost constant rain with some hard showers there was no run-off and the sand wet only a few miles deep. The sky was still partially cloudy but with a lot of blue showing. At about 8 AM we headed up the canyon again until we reached at 1500 ft. elevation the mouth of a canyon from the south which we turned up intending to ascend into the upper sonoran vegetation on the slopes of Rabbit Peak. After a pleasant hour's walk along a rain-packet sandy bottom we reached a damp area with green vegetation. After looking in vain for guail we began to ascend a very steep south face of the canyon until we hit the top of a jagged ridge at about 3500 ft. As we ascended this slope we encountered first junipers, then some ceanothus, then scrub oaks and pinyon pines. No birds were seen on this steep canyon wall. On reaching the top we looked down into the head of a small

removal

R. J. Raith 1956 Journal January 27 Martinez Canyon, Santa Rosa Mts., Riverside Co., Calit. east-west draw which contained all of the plants named immediately above. We descended the few feet down into this draw and started up a tributary north- south draw which contained a thicker stand of the chaparral species. A short distance up this draw and two scrub jays 300-400 ft higher, Dr. Miller shot a Titmouse, we each went up a side of this draw up toward another east-west divide. The wind was blowing very strongly from the west from this time until we got to camp rendering the location of birds by sight or sound quite difficult. I saw nothing while ascending this slope and heard but could not locate a Titmouse just on the other side. On this other side (on a north slope of the head of an east-west canyon) we ate lunch at about 11:15 AM at an elevation of about 4000 ft. Then we worked upslope toward the south through quite thick chaparral of scrub oak, manzanita, Ceanothus lemonade Berry, and pinyon pine. We heard a Titmouse and were heading toward it when Dr. Miller heard a Wren-tit. After one shot by each of us he finally bagged one with a possibility of another one escaping us. While looking for a possible dead Wren-tit we saw a nest of a Woodrat around the base of a lemonade Berry bush. It consisted of a conical pile of twigs, and many pinyon pine cones were scattered around it. The location of this chaparral slope where the Wren-tit was taken was 3 miles NW

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal 7 January 27 Martinez Canyon, Santa Rosa Mts., Riverside Co., Calif. Rabbit Peak, 4200 ft. After chasing a Scrub Jay which we heard we headed down the east-west canyon on [illegible] the head of which we had been working. After several hundred yards of rough descent with the same upper sonoran-type vegetation of the south slope and more open desert type on the north side, we came to a moist area with clumps of a vertical green perennial growing thickly on a sandy bottom and with a large, thick Lemon-ade Berry bush on the south side near the canyon bottom. Dr. Miller flushed a Scrub Jay out of the bush and it flew down the canyon calling. He shot a California thrasher in the same bush and shot one of two Wren-tits which were moving between the same bush and a scrub oak. [illegible] the elevation at this point was 3700 ft. I continued on down to another, similar moist area, chasing two Scrub Jays ahead of me but unable to catch them. At a northerly bend in the canyon, at 3600 ft, I shot an Oregon Junco (Eureka!) just as Dr. Miller caught up with me. We heard six Titmouse back up canyon and he went back and shot one of two, while I shot another one that had come up from below. Dr. Miller by passed me and shot a Brown Toucan at 3500 ft. I caught up with him at a point shortly farther down, and we found that we were in a canyon bearing too far east

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R.J. Raitt 1956 8 Journal January 27 Martinez Canyon, Santa Rosa Mts., Riverside Co., Calif. so we climbed over a couple of divides to the west and came out right opposite our camp, arriving there at about 4:30 PM. On the way out down in the sparse desert scrub I shot at and missed a Black-throated Sparrow and we saw also a couple of Bewick-swarms. In the canyon in which we descended from the higher areas the upper sonoran shrub types began to dwindle at about 3600 ft but Pinyons persisted near the bottom as far down as we went (3400 ft.) and junipers persisted even farther. Scrub oak and Leucophyllum Berry dropped out out about 3600 ft. with the former extending lower probably than the latter. Jan 28 same location - Many mosquitos out last night - drove me into the truck again. Only a small amount of rain fell last night. All day to day there was broken cloudiness, more clouds in the morning, more sunshine in the afternoon. A down-canyon wind was blowing in the afternoon quite steadily, only slightly in the morning. After breakfast Dr. Miller walked down the main canyon, and I went up a small draw heading northwest from our camp. I heard House Finches and a Rock Wren in the upper part of the draw. All of the way up the draw over the divide to another one to the west I saw tracks and droppings of

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R.J. Raift 1956 Journal 9 January 28 Martinez Canyon, Santa Rosa Mts., Riverside Co., Calif. Mountain Sheep, but I saw none of the sheep. Near the mouth of the second draw I spotted a Rock Wren, squeaked at it to bring it in sight for a shot, but a Bewick Wren popped up instead so I shot it. The Rock Wren got away. In the main canyon a few hundred yards above our camp I saw a pair of Black-tailed Gnatcatchers. We both got back to camp at 9:30 AM after an hour and a half of hunting. Dr. Miller shot a Say Phoebe, a Verdin, a Black-Tailed Gnatcatcher and a Black-throated Sparrow. During the day in camp we heard quite a few times the notes of Cactus Woodpeckers and saw Bewick Wrens, Black-tailed Gnatcatchers and a shrike. From 10 AM until dinner time we skinned birds. I managed to get through four of them for an average of about 1/2 hours per bird. Jan. 29 3mi NW Rabbit Peak area, Riverside Co., Calif. Today our design was to scout out the same area to which we went two days ago. On our first visit at that time we were hampered by high winds and by a late arrival due to our unfamiliarity with the country and of the best routes to follow. In reconnaissance yesterday it appeared to be advisable to strike southwest for the high ridges not up one of the canyons but along the top of an elevated former alluvial fan which lies between the

Journal [illegible] 1689 C. A. 3291

R.J.Raitt 1956 Journal Jan.29 3 mi. NW Rabbit Peak area, Riverside Co. Calif. first two canyons entering the main Martinez canyon from the south upstream from us. We Got an early start leaving camp at 6:40 AM and headed for the northeast (downstream) corner of the elevated erosional surface (which has been cut into by pres- ent canyons to a depth of over 100'). We were agreeably surprised to find a trail ascending to the surface and then heading for a ridge which appeared to be a good one to ascend to reach the higher levels. When we reached this ridge about an hour out of camp the trail headed down into the canyon to the northwest so we left it and ascended the first peak on the ridge. When we got to the top of this peak we found that we had to go down on the other side to a low saddle in the ridge. As we got to the low point we again encountered the trail coming back from our right. From then on we followed this trail clear into the east-west canyon which we had descended two days ago and in which I had shot both a junco and a Titmouse. After we had climbed to the top of a high ridge and were more or less descending into this canyon of our destination we heard a Thrasher calling down a short distance in a small gully. We chased down after it and Dr. Miller shot it. Some distance farther on

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R.J. Rall 1956 Journal Jan.29 3 mi. NW Rabbit Peak area, Riverside Co., Calif. we heard two Titmice on a moderately heavily brushed slope bearing manzanita, scrub oak, and ceanothus. I was able to bag one of them, but the other one escaped after a hot chase. Dr. Miller went on down into the canyon while I was taking care of my Titmouse and then I followed him. As soon as I reached the [illegible] floor of the canyon at a point where I shot the junco and the Titmouse two days ago, I heard some Bush-tits. We were par- ticularly searching for them since we had not seen them on previous days, although we did see some on the way up this morning at about the 2000-foot level without being able to collect any. The flock that I had heard came down into the canyon and across, and I collected three of them. This occurred at about the 3600-ft. level in the east-west canyon which contained at this level, scrub oak, pinyon, lemonade berry, manzanita, ceanothus, agave, and the green, grass-like perennial described Jan.27. I collected the last Bush-tit at about 10 AM and spent the rest of the morning exploring the steep, brush-covered, north-facing south side of the canyon. I ascended it to about the 4000-foot level seeing, but not collecting, 2 Scrub Jays, 1 Titmouse, another flock (about 10) of Bush-tits and hearing other

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12 Journal Jan. 29 3 mi. NW Rabbit Peak area, Riverside Co., Calif. Titmice and one Wren-tit. About one pm I began to descend the south-facing slope of the same canyon starting from the upper basin at about 4000 ft. At about 3900 ft. near the base of a prominent marble hogback I collected a Citellus leucurus, which was sitting in a Ceanothus bush. From this point until I reached the floor of the canyon at the 3700-foot level I saw no birds. When I did reach the moist spot at 3700 feet a small flock of Juncos came to the floor from above and pecked at the sandy floor. A Bewick Wren was heard here. Down at the 3600-foot level on the way out I saw two Ruby-crowned Kinglets. After I left the canyon and headed north over low ridges I heard a Raven and what sounded like a hummingbird. Dr. Miller worked the top part of the south slope of the same canyon and then dropped to the west into the north- south canyon that we ascended Jan. 27 & that enters Martinez Canyon at the 1500 foot level a short distance above our camp. He collected Titmice & Bush-tits at the upper level (about 5, 000 feet) and saw there a Nuttall Woodpecker and a White-breasted Nuthatch. He collected a Brown Towhee and several Hyla arancolor in the canyon at the 2500-foot level. The weather was calm & clear all morning but clouds over in the P.H.

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26 Journal Lamolle Canyon [illegible]

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal March 28 Mohave River, 1450 ft, 5 mi. E + 1 mi. N Midway, San Bernardino, Calif. Wife, Imogene, and I left Berkeley at 10 AM yesterday, March 27, and arrived at Barstow at about 7:30 PM. We camped just out of Yermo toward the Calicos. The night was cold (no thermometer) and the moon was very bright having been full the previous night. We woke up at about 6 AM, ate breakfast in Yermo, and head toward Baker, hoping to find access by road to the Mohave River where it comes to the surface in a gorge east of Manix. About 4.5 miles beyond Midway (which is about 6 mi. E of Manix) at a service station with a restaurant called Mt. Afton and Barbara's Place respectively we spotted a dirt road heading toward the river in which we could then see signs of vegetation. Turning onto this dirt road we found that it was fairly broad and smooth and did reach the river. About three miles from the highway the road reached the railroad (Union Pacific) and the river and more then turned toward the east and paralleled the river and railroad. From a bluff overlooking the river we could see that it did contain water and that it was surrounded by green vegetation lines and thickets of driver brush so we decided to stop here and set up camp. To avoid the noise of the railroad we drove back up into the dry wash we had descended and made camp about 1/2 mile from the river. After setting up camp

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R.J. Ratt 1956 Journal 2 March 28 Mohave River, 1450 +/- ft., 5 mi. E+1mi. N Midway, San Bernardino Co.; we went down to the river at about 8 AM to collect birds. We remained in the vicinity of the river until about noon when we returned to camp, ate lunch, and spent the remainder of the day preparing specimens. The weather was very warm with a completely clear sky and little wind. I would estimate the high temperature in the early afternoon to have been about 90° F. In collecting we followed the wash down directly to the river and then followed the river upstream for about 2 mile, crossed it and explored a small pond on the opposite side of the valley and returned back to cross near the point where we originally reach the river. The river valley is about 500 yards wide and is lined by cliffs varying in height from 40 to over 100 feet high. The Cliffs of course are broken where the washes come in. The valley is very flat and the actual river bed is very little incised so that it occasionally spreads out to form marshy spots or splits into distributaries which return rejoin giving a braided pattern. At the few stretches where the river is between banks worthy of the name it is only about 6 feet wide. The gradient is low and the velocity of flow is also, a current barely being detectable in some stretches. The pond

Journal I've been so busy lately, I haven't had much time to think about my work. But of NMS took to going off at each new one. It's fiction as no further she could tell her own story in such a way that I am yet to remember it deep love and the very few saw within it, some strange phenomena will be so well told and so true even against what else starts before I knew if I took my first of something like this: 'I' had never heard of any particular in collections. But then followed the other options. A dialogue box to base on slim at the old white mile, missed it soon replaced a yellow at the color change and no long clear from near zero at need for more but win. Yet even if you were one who did not know about your work and its face by day or two, not tipped in print of this. And that was it. No matter how I feel, my own view on the outside came in as little true to be seen ever so close to tell much instead while also still no stop out at a matter behind a giving major need wanted it soon and only allowed test a body plan is to some at its pattern to picture all from one to another at once proved filled two more as, also is made

R.J. Raitt 1956 3 Journal March 28 Mohave River, 1450 +/- ft., 5 mi. E and 1 mi. N Midway, San Bernardino Co., Cal. previously mentioned lies agains a cliff on the southern edge of the valley. It is about 50 yards long and 20 yards wide and is formed by the slight backing up of a distributary of the river. Its water is shallow, probably not exceeding a couple of feet in depth. The vegetation of the areas surrounding the valley proper is quite sparse and consists largely of Creosote Bush with some Ephedra, Atriplex, etc. No Yucca and only one kind of cactus (a low species looking like clumps of small barrels) are present. In the valley the vegetation is composed mainly of Screw-bean mesquite and ordinary Mesquite. The former is more common and grows in thick stands right up to the edges of the marshy areas and streams in some cases. Mesquite grows in more isolated clumps nearly all of which contain of growth of mistle-toe-like phytoparasite. These clumps are about 5-10 yards in diameter and occur in general from about twenty yards from the water to the edge of the valley. Other shrubs occur in the valley also, including some Desert Willow(?) and occasional rather thick stands of what I believe to be Arroweed. Catclaw is also present and seems to be closer to the moist areas than Mesquite. The entire river bottom

Journal [illegible] It is about the valley. and beyond it have views, many of them good to contemplate and to go picking apples off the orchard walls or in nature etc. near the etc. if you in fact to secure a position yellow off particular area off to mitigate problems of the areas surrounding the property [illegible] etc. with some steps in the vicinity, perhaps? Some how strange too (a) where to find an idea box account on me (I would like to speak still today, because there is no topic yet yellow off at home) [presumably something needs to happen] which has occurred in the area of the etc. to echo what he thinks, perhaps about an [illegible]... some sort of comment for some reason tells your special label? That is wrong. It is otherwise to think to motivate today how 01-2 takes me again into photography which must happen in nature and others it goes out of nature off and then present yellow off in some books with yellow off so (I think based on my publication) I take the first part of what I believe to be known. Catalan is also present and seems to close to the west

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal March 28 Mohave River, 1450 +/- ft., 5 mi. E &/mi. N Midway, San Bernardino Co. Calif. or floodplain is sandy and is somewhat bare between shrubs except for a strip of variable width (avg about 10 yds) along the banks which is thinly covered by a low, spreading grass (This grass has rather stiff, pointed leaves which make it seem thorny to the bare skin and is similar to some found near salt marshes). Along the moist - and in some places water-covered- edges of the stream is a quite lush vegetation of Scirpus, Juncus and some taller grasses. In some stretches the rushes grow very thickly and two or three feet tall in a yard or two-wide strip on each side. The stream bottom is covered with submergent vegetation. Few of the plants are blooming and the Desert Willow (?), Screw-beana, Mesquite and Catelow are bare of foliage so that the main foliage of the valley away from the stream side is supplied by the Arroweed(?). Birds seen were about 12 Cinnamon Teal which were flushed from the pond and flew upstream. One d Gambel Quail, which was perched near the top of a Mesquite giving periodic notes similar to the "cow calls" of California quail but slurring upward from a prefaatory note, was collected. Others were heard occasionally throughout the morning giving assembly c## calls from the same location near the south edge of the valley. About 4 Killdeer were seen, usually near the water

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R.J. Raith 1956 5 Journal March 28 Mohave River, 1450+ft., 5mi E&1mi N Midway, San Bernardino Co. but not always. About 8 Wilson Snipe were flushed from the taller (c. 18 inches) clumps of grass & rushes in the marshy stretches beside the river. A Vermillion Flycatcher was seen feeding to and from the ground and a low bush next to the river and it was collected. Numerous Violet-green Swallows and a few White- throated Swifts were feeding overhead most of the morning. At least two Black Phoebe were feeding from perches in screwbean next to the river. Several Phainopeplas were seen during the course of the morning mainly in Mesquite clumps. The M's were shy but the f's weren't. Audubon and Myrtle Warblers were very abundant with the Myrtles in drier areas more than Audubons. Both species were seen throughout the valley but both were most abundant around the edges of the pond where they were feeding from and in low shrubs (catchlawx screwbean) whose bases were submerged. One Yellow-throat was seen in the same habitat but it stayed over the water more strictly. One Robin was seen perched in screwbean next to the river. Two Ravens flew overhead from downstream. A Marsh-Wren was seen & shot at in thick shrubs next to the river. A Savannah Sparrow was collected from what I have called Arroweed. Large numbers of Bull Frogs were in [illegible] the stream including some large ones probably 10-12 inches long.

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R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal 6 March 29, Mohave River, 4 mi E + 1 mi N Midway, San Bernardino Co., Calif. /450 ft, Got up at about 6 AM and after a night warmer than the previous one. Arrived at the river at about 6:30 and went downstream instead of up. The physical and vegetational picture is essentially as described in yesterday's journal except that the stream in this stretch is better confined by its banks and there are thicker and higher rushes lining the banks. Again the Myrtle and Audubon Warblers were common and Black Phoebes (2) were feeding over the stream. Phainopeplas were seen in the taller and thicker clumps of Screwbean and Mesquite. I shot a g in a screwbean but got no opportunity to collect a 9 as they are more wary. Although I noticed no Verdins yesterday, they seemed abundant this morning. I collected one in a screwbean and we saw and heard them often while we were in the river bed. Marsh Wrens were again heard from the streamside vegetation. We hunted only until about 8:30 when we returned to camp. At about 10:30 we packed up and drove into Yermo to meet Vic and Jerry Lewin with their two daughters. They got there at about 11:45, and, after a trip to Calico and vicinity we got back to camp at about 2:30 or 3:00 PM. It was quite warm and without shade, and so we decided to take the advice of some friendly boy scouts and look over the camping possibilities

R.J.Raiff 1956 7 Journal March 29 Mohave River, 1450ft., 5mi. E & 1 mi. N Midway, San Bernardino Co. Calif. farther along the road and downstream where the scouts said they had a nice camp. Vic and I drove on down and found that the road, after about a mile drops down into the broadened river flood plain and reaches the river about 1/2 mile farther. The scouts (about 65 of them) were camped right among adjacent to the river in tall screw-beans and so were two other parties. At this point the road crosses the river with the aid of a crude plank bridge which partly floats and partly rests on the bottom. This road crossing is just a few yards downstream from a railroad bridge. We crossed the river and followed the road through thick growths of tall screwbean containing some Arrowweed and Desert Willow. For about a mile the road runs parallel to and between the river and the railroad and about 1/2 mile from the crossing it passes by the railroad junction or switchpoint of Afton where there are several houses. The scouts inform us that there is a well here where they obtain good water. About a mile beyond the crossing the road emerges from the screw-bean thicket and meets a more marshy area adjacent to their river, and here the road becomes impassable although vehicles have gone farther. We decided to camp in this area, returned for the families and made camp in a previously-used camping spot a few

Journal The children at youth housing [illegible] school in [illegible] are all so cool but yet so strange. I have gone into a lot of places to find, but all I find is not as much but can be about all the cool kids are a little shy and talk with others but many have learned how (at 19) to do it and even more. They're all very nice at first. They just try to get you to come or two down to see what you can do, some beer, they try to give you a pizza box in a rolled up paper towel. I got one and I went home with my friend but he wanted to keep it and so I gave him the pizza box. But all of us are tired out, well (so) those two who have seen all about how it felt like to go into a new kind of food bar location to introduce or continue beer bars. All of seeing with them at one place was not only with one but also another and they're in small talk all the pizza box jumped on a table where you talked more out of your beer and just all of those same pizzas over a team of people. I have heard from all and how many it looked like without any real effort but we talked all of us together, so with us

R.J. Karr 1956 Journal March 29 Mohave River, 1450 +/- ft; 5 mi. E+ /mi: N Midway, San Bernardino Co, Calif. hundred yards short of the end of the road. The area is a clearing in the screwbean thicket and is about 15 yards from the road on one side and the same distance from the river on the other side. The tall Screwbeans afford fairly good shade at most times of day. At about 4 PM Vic and Imogene and I drove back upstream for about 1/2 miles and hunted along the stream just a short distance downstream from where we had been this morning. The vegetation is very similar. We saw Phainopeplas, Verdins, Myrtles, and Audubon Warblers Marsh Wrens, Killdeer, Gambel Quail from a thicket of Arrowweed. Vic collected a g Phainopepla but I didn't shoot anything. Vic walked back toward camp while Imogene and I went over to the road and got the car. When we were recrossing the river I somehow got partly off of the wooden bridge & got hopelessly stuck. We enlisted the aid of the boy scouts and their truck but were unable to get the car out after about 2 hours of work so they gave me a lift out to Mt. Afton where I got a tow truck to come down & lift up the rear end which was hung up & then we pulled it out with no trouble. There was no damage to the car except a sprung right rear shock absorber. I didn't get back to camp to get dry and get dinner until about 8:30 and that effectively ended the day for me. Hyla regilla is calling all around camp but no other vertebrates heard.

the one that was not been able to be able to break down and in how difficult because it is possible a is what's say all the way so no book at what they'll because that at this will not really off next two of a pack to wait turn to check keep front back a motion dead end, I have expect I for JIV. AP 4 that writes all photo but and how column it too is it and had an other work most much sometimes there a all, valence you at metal, put, prince and this should be other, inching, calypso and we and have lead and no what they are in the end everything of a battle for all. be work to defeat hard, had before all. pretty too that I find be it of some kind I have expect I study queen still at president from our rule, so all the one Top of your story off to the top, top number I it was you off to go off little by all. short paragraph too to off top of where come and does not credit her the one may yet or know if need I took this two of hurt and a big I make with a big of two or great one doubt has near all of the + work didn't an then two to telling me what we + present a type so off of open not in our want was it hard top fail I, strong, in made very fair to be no go a two by now. again top be rig top at in alliger shall. and not job off being graduated and thank you with a full comes before in the end

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal 98 March 30 Mo have River, 1400-1450 ft., After region, San Bernardino. After another comfortably cool night I got ca.calit. up at about 5:30 and hunted alone south of camp on the other side (south side) of the railroad in the sandy fan of a side canyon. Here the vegetation was largely Cocosote Bush but with scattered clumps of mesquite and scattered catclaw bushes. I saw several Blue-eyes around the mesquite bushes and chased a J around for a while but was unable to collect him. Verdins were common in the mesquite and I saw one Say Phoebe in a catclaw bush and collected it. On the way back to camp I saw several Brewer Blackbirds (all J's I believe) near a grassy x marshy low spot between the thickets and the railroad embankment. When I got back to camp I heard Meadowlarks calling from a grassy stretch upstream a short distance. I chased 4 of them about 500 yards up- stream but they continually flushed out of range. Eventually they flew away from the river and I lost sight of them. In the same area however a Red- shafted Flicker was feeding in the grass and I collected it. Around the base of its 6,11 were accumu- lations which looked like deposits of the alkali that covers the ground near the river. Back in camp after breakfast at about 7:15 a Scrub Jay flew through the screwbean thicket down to the river. Vic and I went after it and it flew back toward

Dear I hope you are well. I was so sorry to hear about your illness and I am sure you will be fine soon. I have been thinking about you and wanted to write and let you know how much I care about you. I hope this letter brings a little comfort and peace to your mind and heart. I remember when we first met and how quickly our friendship grew. You were such a kind and caring person and I will always cherish the memories we shared together. I am so glad that we are still friends and I hope we can continue to be for many years to come. Please know that you are in my thoughts and prayers every day. Take care of yourself and don't forget to smile often. You bring so much joy to everyone around you and the world would be a duller place without your light shining in it. With love, [illegible]

R.J.Raith 1956 Journal March 30 Mohave River, 1400-1450 ft., Afton region, San Bernardino Co., Calif. the rail road. I shot it from a screw bean. A few minutes later another one came down to the river near camp and Vic collected it. At about 7:30 AM we, (Vic & I) drove up to the river where we had first collected since he had never been that far upstream and we worked the area that Imogene and I had been in the first day - that is the marshy stretch of stream and the pond against the south wall of the canyon. We saw nearly all of the same birds except Vermillion Flycatcher, Gambel Quail and White-throated Swift. In addition we saw 2. Rough-winged Swallows over the pond and Vic shot one from a perch on a Catclaw on the, edge of the cliff above the pond. Also additional was a Turkey Vulture circling overhead. The snake were encountered in the same marshy stretch of the river although fewer were flushed than on Wednesday. I managed to drop one of 2 that flushed from one spot. I also collected a Yellow- throat and Vic collected one of two Killdeers seen in the area. We both fired several shots at Violet-green Swallows but missed. We returned to camp at about 10 - 10:30 AM. The rest of the morning and the first part of the afternoon we spent skinning. We saw another Scrub Jay fly through the tall Screw bean but were unable to collect it. During the day we heard

Dear You do understand that before we have to form our own understanding and I mean we have a sort of title I believe that it was the whole world comes as nature total division We are headed to this nation will have great news That had an order given off of some months, we came up with that need even looked at some battles but I have support both arms and back-up can have To distribute planes all a fight - yeah truth all needed all follow things at time to bring off his needs child years at to the plane was she - copies been being included military? still mostly together I was in trouble. Those between which on I had brought new smaller hope-joying it is a mistake or a joke and so this distance of the craft above the road, also additional suppose it - believing politics smoothly perfect a new to distribute planes ones all at one-two-and-one now no wait behind snow most slippery now all that is to one order of importance. I could catch which a battles or if they are more lately needed out in the battles all his threat to that longer but had she, and all as near loner sky before and smaller areas totally for all. NAOS: 01 - oh leads to guess at another one to try fight all his gunmen off yet have it same was she outside. These are more too needed now? that all spent of

R.J. Ratt 1956 Journal March 30 Mohave River, 1400-1450 ft. Afton region, San Bernardino Co., Calif. A Red-winged Blackbirds calling from the direction of a marshy pond near where I saw the Brewer Blackbirds in the morning. At about 4 in the afternoon we had to go into Yermo to get some milk for the Lewin children. From the highway we could see that the vegetation in the river valley apparently indicating the presence of water extends upstream about as far as Dunn junction on the railroad. That is only about 2 miles [illegible] above the point where I collected the snipe & duck etc. On the way back between the highway and camp at about 6 PM we saw a Sparrow Hawk flying low over the flat fans of the Cave Mts. I have forgotten to mention the numerous white-crowned sparrows that are right in camp, some of which are singing. Just at dark we [illegible] saw several & small bats flying low near the river, and also 2 Nighthawks flew over rather rapidly at low elevation (50-75 ft.) just at dusk. We started to set out mouse traps across the river (ie. on the north side) but got out only 15 before darkness overtook us. We put up Vic's mist net low between 2 screw bean trees a few feet from the river but caught no bats. The day was quite warm and clear but a wind from upcanyon [illegible] came up in the afternoon. March 31 same location - Got up early this morning (5:30) with the wind blowing and some clouds to the west.

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R.J. Raith 1956 /2 Journal March 31 Mohave River, 1400 ± ft., Afton, San Bernardino Co., Calif. I put up the Wilson snipe before breakfast and after breakfast at about 8 o'clock Vic and Imogene and I went out to try to chase down a Meadowlark. Just before we left Vic shot 2♠ Redwinged Blackbirds at the river's edge just above camp. First we went over toward the railroad and the small marsh. We saw and shot at about 6♠ Brewer Blackbirds but didn't bag one. A few minutes later back by the river we saw a Bullock Oriole calling from a Screwbean. After a short chase I collected it. We ascended the valley along the grassy strip where I had earlier chased the Meadowlarks, and finally we flushed up several about 500 yds above camp. We chased them up the valley for another 500 yards and then we lost them without getting one. On the way back at about 9:30 AM Vic shot a Blue-gray(?) Grackle in the screw bean thicket. Shortly after we got back to camp he shot a Western Kingbird in a screwbean next to the river. Violet-green Swallows and 2 White-throated Swifts were flying above camp during the morning. On 2 different occasions we chased Scrub Jays again but collected no more. Imogene and I left camp at about 11 AM and drove to Ventura, arriving there at about 5 PM. P.S. We caught nothing in the mouse traps. The mist net caught 2 White-crowned Sparrows.

Lanual I have to mention that after I left school, my husband stated our family all go to the gym. He was very much into it and we had a good time at first of the time I did not know how to take it. He said that there were some things about being in the gym that he was not sure if he could do. But he kept trying at least one time an evening or twice to take him away. In fact, still between us it was paid for his kind should have problems also studying. It was our own self and kind but also I said: To be a mother we were? I need quite ready all past efforts with little more skill to live, stimulate all beside mothers but I made sure by not trying because of beliefs my friend. Of getting off the road beside you. You must feel our next hour strong or without tired to find your self in one position talking as related and Opera said a talk all MA 07? Tap in the hands? Should was more at budget notices a tale of queen of land near-today never all it had need were in new ideas between studies & love matters? So please all present given words giving mega job days? Based on expressed truth! Queen Hol I love report. Once as detailed two pairs of, mutual or work like MA 11 took to a public figure you is my B. Took to not

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Jarbridge, 6/00 + A

Journal [illegible] 3791

R.J.Raiff 1956 Journal Jarbridge, Elko Co., Nevada May 30 Left Berkeley at 6 AM with A.H. Miller and W.C. Russell in MVZ truck. Arrived in Elko at about 7 PM, and, after consulting with Gordon Gullion about roads and accessibility problems, we spent the night in the Nevada Fish and Game bunkhouse. On the way to Elko we noticed that the Humboldt River was very high and over its banks for a considerable part of its course. May 31 After shopping and inquiring more about road conditions, we left for Jarbridge at about 9 AM. We took the route via Wells, Nevada and Rogerson, Idaho, arriving at the latter at about 12-12:30. At Rogerson we turned west off of Hwy 93 and followed a fairly good dirt road through 49 miles of sagebrush-covered lava plateau with periodic canyons, each containing a very lush meadow and a ranch house, and finally dropping down the steep canyon side to Murphy's [illegible] Resort, which is a fishing resort on the East Fork of the Jarbridge River. After stopping for gas we drove 2 miles downstream to the junction of the East Fork and the main Jarbridge River and then drove up the latter a distance of about 14 miles to our campsite just downstream from Jarbridge. Both forks of the Jarbridge are very high and have flooded a few days previously. We are told that the Goon Creek road is out and that the road up the main canyon is passable for only 2 miles above Jarbridge. We drove

Journal about, like, always of you. I have to tell you that I am not so good at all. And I have a lot of work to do in my head. Don't say it's just a problem. You know I can't be around them when they're talking about their problems. It's hard for me to sit down and read the newspaper. I don't like to think about what's going on outside my world. But if you need help, call me. I am not so good at all. And I have a lot of work to do in my head. Don't say it's just a problem. You know I can't be around them when they're talking about their problems. It's hard for me to sit down and read the newspaper. I don't like to think about what's going on outside my world. But if you need help, call me. I am not so good at all. And I have a lot of work to do in my head. Don't say it's just a problem. You know I can't be around them when they're talking about their problems. It's hard for me to sit down and read the newspaper. I don't like to think about what's going on outside my world. But if you need help, call me.

R.J.Rath 1956 2 Journal Jarbridge, Elko Co. Nevada May 31 into Jarbridge and then back down and are camped on the east bank of the river about 500 yards downstream from the edge of town. Jarbridge contains [illegible] about 30 or 40 houses, most of them unoccupied. There are several bars, a store (with a gas pump) and a very ramshackle hotel (the Jarbridge Hotel). We made out camp at about 4:30 and looked around a bit after dinner. In the rather narrow riparian belt of mainly willows and cottonwoods there are Yellow Warblers (with a nest right in camp), Warbling Vireos, Robins, Black-headed Grosbeaks, Tolmie warblers, Swainson Thrushes, Fox Sparrows and we have heard a Veery. We chased the Veery a couple of times but have been unable to collect it. The canyon here is oriented north and south (south upstream). The width of the floor varies somewhat but is in the better neighborhood of 500 yds. The walls of the canyon are quite steep and are 500 to 800 feet high to the first ridge top. There are considerable stretches of vertical, volcanic cliffs on the west side but only lesser outcroppings on the east side. The main vegetative cover of the walls is sagebrush and glass. There are scattered clumps of Mountain Mahogany and some sizeable Aspen thickets particu- larly in the side draws (which are few and not deep). There are some patches of firs near the ridgetops.

Jamaica almost an old spherical 2981 at no bargain made and took next big spherical still not much what they got. Looks may all be good but the girls to animals not. more that women matters spherical. Almost to open off America itself. High queen must to hand, cannot go the chairman got a box (goods) of a time and then, send to queen the choice girl. (Just old spherical off.) But still self a kid a known better. Two or 3 things planned to that nation who wanted matters all in world, and called one craft different box well no much as just given away. (Queen or ship than a king) with a rock chip in camp). Understanding others friends, soldiers, sailors, clerks. All told by Tannered E. Spanish and we have had a living and had want to show us yourself with board did it good may you art. It follow it should now did. (Something thing) Then her Alma Mater if is it told television minor - 1933 off to Him to, now art. By 002 to front-end print-read but 0084 and one box waste strip one may no Oreobezos and craft set open hand art of ship to the first child too. Three are considered to that we all in water, further to subjects off. Skip to it in space station covered art but and better accordingly in the out side. head and pop it allow off to new milk top one motion to various bottles one craft comp some did not want ship girls come box paper job good for her set one kid a month star all in place - automobile all now said to make you more art

R.J. Rait 1956 3 Journal Jarbidge, Elko Co., Nevada May 31 The canyon bottom is vegetated with grass, Ribes, Rosa, willow, cottonwood, Aspen, some Junipers (which incidentally grow to rather astonishing heights a few miles downstream), Amelanchier, and probably many others. The weather all day was rather warm with just a few clouds. It turned cool when the sun went down, and it was cold but still during the night. Mosquitoes were present but not abundantly at dusk. June 1 After a fairly comfortable night we got up at 5AM by which time it was quite light. It was quite cool but warmed up fairly rapidly. I left camp at 6 and started up to the aspen patches on the east side of the canyon. I worked almost straight up the side from camp until I reached an old dirt road heading north from Jarbidge. I followed this road north until it reached the spring furnishing water for the Mahoney Ranger station. The elevation at this point was about 6700 ft. I returned by about the same route arriving in camp at about 10:30AM. I collected one Vesper Sparrow at about 6300 ft. in a low shrub next to an Aspen thicket and at the same spot only in the edge of the thicket I shot an Orange-crowned Warbler. In the same thicket I saw a Black-headed Grosbeak. In the next higher (6500±ft) Aspen-Willow area I shot a Junco and in the same

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R.J. Raitt 1956 4 Journal Jarbidge, Elko Co., Nevada June 1 area on the way back I shot one (of) of a pair of Black- heated Grosbeaks. In a small willow clump at about 6700 ft., I shot another Vesper Sparrow. At about the same elevation where the spring is in a willow-aspen clump I saw Tolmie Warblers and a Flicker. At this same place Dr. Miller collected a pair of Hairy Woodpeckers. Here also I heard a Red-breasted Nuthatch. The rest of the day I spent skinning until about 4 PM. After dinner I walked down toward Jarbidge and shot a chipmunk (E. gaoenus) in a willow next to the road and a Green-tailed Towhee in an Amelanchier bush near the first house in Jarbidge. Several times during the day and more often during the evening, even when it was nearly dark, we heard and chased the Veery but nobody ever got a shot at it. It sings for a while but gives a high, sharp note several times when being approached and then it flies off, usually unseen. The weather during the day was changeable. It was chilly in the morning early but it warmed up soon and the sky was nearly clear, but thick clouds began to drift over about mid-morn- ing and it began to rain quite hard at about 3 PM. It rained only for a short time and then stopped, and before dark it was completely clear. During the evening we saw no bats, probably too cold.

R.J. Raith 1956 Journal Jarbidge, Elko Co., Nevada June 2 Got up this morning again at 5 AM. The morning was damp and cool. Left camp at 6 and went [illegible] up the road toward Jarbidge and turned east following the rushing little stream in Moore Gulch. I ascend that stream to the point where it forks or rather slightly above that point on the northern fork. Then I climbed up the south side of that north branch into some firs and then dropped back to the creek upstream. Then I climbed up the north side of the canyon and descended to camp along the ridge intercepting my route of yesterday at the dirt road that leads north from Jarbidge. The elevation at the fork of the stream is about 6800 ft. and that of my highest penetration in the grove of firs is about 7100-7200 ft. There are several small mines along the creek and a sizeable tunnel into the south north canyon wall at about the 6700-ft. level. A tailing dump in the canyon bottom marks this locality. The vegetation along the stream is mainly willows and aspen for its entire length. The north side of the gulch is sagebrush & grass. The south side is also sagebrush with some clumps of aspen which become continuous higher up. Fir trees are scattered through the upper aspen grove and there are rather dense stands of them on the south slopes just above the fork. On the more exposed fringes of the firs there are stands of mountain,

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R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Jarbridge, Elko Co., Nevada June 2 Mohagany. On the way up, in the willows and aspens along the stream, I saw virtually no birds. Numerous rock slides produced no sign of pikas. On a south-facing slope at about 6500 ft. I shot a Chipping Sparrow. In the stream-side willows just above the fork (7100+ ft.) I saw a Tolmie Warbler but couldn't get it. In a fir tree on the edge of the grove I collected an Orange-crowned Warbler and saw another. Nearby in a Mountain Mohagany I collected a Wright Flycatcher. There were several of them on the edge of the fir stand. Working in the firs I heard and saw a Ruby-crowned Kinglet (songs of this species were being given almost continuously), numerous Pine Siskins and a Swainson Thrush. I collected one of two or more Cassin Purple Finches from the top of a fir tree. Back in camp the rest of the day I saw and heard the usual assemblage, Yellow and Tolmie Warblers, Robins, Swainson Thrushes, Veery, Warbling Vireo, Violet-green Swallows, Fox Sparrow, and a Kingfisher and a Spotted Sandpiper along the river. The Veery was heard singing several times during the afternoon and evening, but we failed to collect it after many attempts. The weather all day was clear and warm.

R.J. Raitt 1956 7 Journal Jarbridge, Elko Co., Nevada June 3 Again arose at 5 AM. The skies were nearly com- pletely overcast and it was warmer than previous mornings. I left camp shortly after 6 AM and headed downstream through the riparian willows, cotton- woods, aspens, etc. I worked down slowly, arriving at a point just below the Jarbridge dump at about 9:30 AM. Then I headed back along the road and arrived in camp shortly after 10:30 AM. Warbling Vireos were very common in the willows, aspens, and cottonwoods. Tolmie Warblers were fairly common in willows, and in Amelanchier stands on the east side of the road. Yellow Warblers were common mainly in the cottonwoods. Robins were apparently everywhere but mainly a dense cover. Two Blackheaded Grosbeaks were seen in tall cottonwoods. Two male Lazuli' singing Bunting's were seen, each in a territory including tall cottonwoods. Fox Sparrows were abundant and singing from dense, low vegetation. One Red-shafted Flicker was seen in a tall mountain mahogany bush in an open sage-grassland area. Wright Flycatchers were common in the tall cottonwoods. A Belching Ground squirrel was seen to dive into a hole right on the road. Garter snakes were seen twice in the grass on the edge of the sagebrush stands. Violet-green Swallows were seen flying overhead at about 11 AM. Of the above species I collected one Western Fly-

R. J. Raitt 1956 8 Journal Jarbridge, 6100 ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 3 catcher from a cottonwood, one Tolmie Warbler, from a willow and a Fox Sparrow from Amelanchier thicket. Later at about 6 PM I shot a singing male Fox Sparrow from the willow thicket a few feet from camp. In the evening when the sun left the valley there was a great deal of song activity by Fox Sparrows, Warbling Vireos, Yellow Warblers, Swainson Thrushes and the Veery. The Veery was singing quite frequently from both above and below camp. We pursued it at length without success and finally Dr. Miller shot it in the willows very close to camp. The weather during the day was very changeable. Early in the morning it was cloudy and rained a few drops, then it cleared, then it clouded over again and rained a little, cleared again, clouded again and rained and hailed for a short time in mid afternoon and then cleared for the rest of the evening. Jarbridge area, Elko Co., Nevada June 4 Arose at the same time again this morning. Dr. Miller and I took the truck up the road to where the bridge is out near the turn off of the Con Creek Road. We had trouble getting the truck past a mudhole where part of the river runs down the road; so we didn't leave the truck until 7 AM.

R.J.Raith 1956 Journal 9 Jarbridge area, Elko Co., Nevada June 4 Dr. Miller went up the Coon Creek Road and I went up the main Jarbridge Canyon Road. I walked up for about 1 1/2 miles and then turned off to ascend the south shoulder of Gorge Gulch. I hiked up this ridge to about the 8000-foot level then dropped down through a fir forest to the bottom of the gulch in which cascades a small but rapid and noisy stream. I descended the stream to the road and walked back to the truck, arriving there at about 11:50. Saw a Tolmie Warbler on the way up the gulch in streamside willows. All the way up the shoulder I was in Mountain Mahogany and saw numerous Chipping Sparrows in it, one of which I collected. Also common in this area were Wright Flycatchers. At the uppermost limit of my penetration there is a level (or relatively level) stretch covered largely by sage but containing several large pines (limber pine) and some firs. Just below this area in sparser firs + low shrubs I shot a Green-tailed Towhee. On the high level I saw a Clark Nutcracker, a small Cooper Hawk, several Cassin Purple Finches and Pine Siskins, a Red-shafted Flicker, and several Chipping Sparrows. After leaving the level ridge top I descended the very steep south slope of Gorge Gulch through a narrow but thick singing fir grove. Here I saw several Ruby-crowned Kinglets

Paul Dr. Miller went up the creek Road and I followed him. I heard many motor cars pass. I walked to the top of the hill and then down to a ford. There was a large number of people there, I picked up a paper which said "to re-land". How? All around was sand too - o o 9 all kinds of shapes with a lot of small fish in them and a few other small fish too. Then a smaller boat came up. It is quite a pleasure to see it. I went to the street and walked back to the town. It seemed like it is raining now? I was at home to see him. Well, we were all happy. He gave me some money in cash. I sold my car of yours and saw someone driving towards me. I will try to finish from page 18. A beautiful trip! (less pleasant) I had a very interesting day because I realized that you had been there for a long time and your dad (my uncle) was very proud. So I also did not get any money in cash this morning. On the left side I saw [illegible] and some other things. Also a clock. I think it is a good idea to buy something new for yourself and your family. It means that you are very happy to see me here. There is no need to worry about anything.

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Jarbridge area, Elko Co., Nevada June 4 one of which I collected from a fir. In this grove I also saw Cassin Purple Finches, Pine Siskins and grouse droppings and heard Swainson Thrushes. Just as I reached the bottom of the gulch a Golden Eagle flushed from someplace nearby and soared down the gulch. I saw and heard nothing except Chipping Sparrows as I scrambled down the gulch mainly because of the noise of the stream and my hurry to get down. in the canyon road to and from the car the vegetation is very much the same as it is around camp except that there is a scattering of firs. I saw and heard several marmots on the rocky slopes beside the road (these are common throughout the area but I don't believe I mentioned them previously), the riparian birds were essentially the same as those below: Warbling Vireos, Fox Sparrows, Western Flycatchers, and Tolmie Warblers but fewer Yellow Warblers. The afternoon and evening were quite cold and there was a noticeable reduction in evening bird singing, but for a while the wind stopped and the Yellow Warblers, Fox Sparrows and Swainson Thrushes began singing just a little. Ward reported that the Yellow Warbler nest in camp, which birds have been building since we arrived, contains one egg.

amend Elko Co Nevada until al in a way I tried to see what if you had public school this section and then I do think, whether now? and then? I just don't value it. Having me to install all the bottom of the other a Golden Eagle that has talking with much love. I have always called them? Most or something? please try to find out who I will to succeed please, talking off and talk about. I would see if you could you know maybe it is even a way of all most one of her I myself it in however it is, a sort of swim yet so that can't to anything? a it might want figure you are good enough then never heard him was. I spend names and such) have utilized some: writers I would feel I did some at the own hand narrow off, (whereas with publication, what sort is more all others are, nothing? not that. For instance, couldn't we'll want to hold on he also stop once perhaps he wanted off and parents might make a new start but for while the mid I was out. playing somehow but somehow of. Well we walk it the fellow does like, for instance, couldn't? just a trip prepared about regarded that he will have to be in camp because so some publish need and find help and do you make.

R.J. Raiff 1956 Journal Jarbidge area, Elko Co. Nevada June 5 Got up at 5 to a very cold morning after a very cold night. There was frost on the ground and on the truck's windows. Dr. Miller checked a therm- ometer at about 5:30 and it was -20 C. Today we took the truck down the canyon for several miles up the east wall of the canyon and crossed over several miles + of quite flat sagebrush and grass covered plateau heading roughly 16 S 5 W till we reached the meadows of Cow Creek where we stopped to hunt birds from about 8 AM until 10 AM. The locality designation here was determined to be 2 1/2 mi. W Jarbidge, 7500+ ft. . We drove back the same route and stopped near the canyon rim # in the sagebrush to collect Meadowlarks and Horned Larks and then just below the rim in a clump of Amelanchier, both of which points have been designated 4 mi. N Jarbidge, 6700+ ft. The road we took leads, I think, to Mountain City. We arrived back in camp close to noon and spent the afternoon skinning. On the way down the river in the morning we saw nothing much. Nor did the steep climb up the rocky west canyon wall produce anything until we got near to the top in the clump of dense Amelanchier where we saw a Blue Grouse on the road. Before we could get into action it flew into the brush. As soon as we reached the top of the

R. J. Raitt 1956 Journal Jarbridge area, Elko Co., Nevada June 5 canyon wall we came out on a very flat area stretching a great distance down to the north cut by deep canyons such as that of the Jarbridge, but showing very little relief otherwise. The road passes for several (4 or 5) miles of nothing but sagebrush stands, with a great deal of grass and herbs — [illegible] several blooming including Lupins — between the sage shrubs. In this area we saw many Meadowlarks + Horned Larks and a Swainson Hawk, perched on a corral fence, a Marsh Hawk, many Belding Ground Squirrels and one White- tailed Jack Rabbit. Just before the road reached Cow Creek we began to pass through or near to clumps of aspen and firs. Cow Creek itself runs through a narrow, lush meadow containing scattered clumps of [illegible] willows and lined by thick stands of aspens and/or firs. I hunted downstream through thick aspens and firs and through a small aspen-like semi-meadow perched on the east edge of the valley. I saw orange-crowned Warblers in the aspens and took one. Juncos were in the aspens and in the small meadow and I took two of them. At the edge of the meadow I shot a Mountain Bluebird and saw a Green-tailed Towhee singing. In the firs I heard and saw Ruby-crowned Kinglets, Pine Siskins and Cassin Purple Finches and Black-headed

R.J. Ratt 1956 Journal Jarbridge area, Elko Co., Nevada June 5 Grosbeaks. I also heard Swainson and Hermit? Flycatchers Thrushes. On the way back across the open sage- brush we saw for fewer Meadowlarks and Horned Larks but we collected 2 of the former and one of the latter. A Turkey Vulture was soaring over the plain. On the way back we stopped in the Amelanchier thicket but didn't see the grouse. However each Dr. Miller and Ward each collected a Red-eyed Vowtel and I finally got a Lazuli Bunting. On the way down the steep, rocky canyon wall we stopped to take pictures and saw 2 Prairie Falcons flying overhead and crying. On the way back up along the Jarbridge River, we saw a Townsend Solitaire flying from rock to rock right in or along the river. We spent the afternoon skinning At about 6 PM we went into town and a local girl showed us a mini shaft where bats are sometimes seen. We explored it and found one Corynorhinus hanging on the ceiling in a torpid condition. The Yellow Warbler nest in the willow in camp was noted by Ward to contain two eggs. The weather all day was cool and partly cloudy. When we were collecting on Cow Creek it was quite cold and there were icicles above the stream or branches. It seemed to be relatively warmer in the evening and Poor Wills were heard across the river.

R. J. Raith 1956 Journal Jarbridge area, Elko Co., Nevada June 6 Arose to a somewhat less cold morning although the clouds looked rather ominous. Dr. Miller and I drove the truck down to the bridge which we crossed yesterday near the confluence of the Jarbridge River and Deer Creek (which comes in from the west). The elevation at this point is about [illegible] 5700 ft. and the locality designation decided upon was 3 mi. N Jarbridge, 5700 ft., Elko Co., Nevada. I worked up the northwest side of Deer Creek following the strip of willows, Amelanchier, etc. that borders the stream as closely as I could. The stream flow is very rapid and so there was a great deal of noise. I saw very few birds in ascending for about a mile along that side of the stream. Apart from the riparian strip of vegetation there is little except sycamorph on the northwest side. But on the other side there are stands of Mountain Mahogany with some with aspens and Junipers and a few firs. After ascending for about 1 mile on the dry northwest side I crossed over to the other side on an old log bridge, on entering a [illegible] densely vegetated spot just on the other side. I saw two Bush-tits among some Junipers and a densely foliated man-tall shrub. I collected one of them (Dr. Miller prepared it). They were both carrying nesting material. On the edge of a nearby volcanic rockslide I saw a Lazuli Bunting perched on some low Amelanchier singing. In the same

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R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Jarbidge area, Elko Co., Nevada June 6 area a male Broad-tailed Hummingbird was buzzing around feeding upon Indian Paintbrush. I work upstream on this southeast slope among the Mountain Mahogany and Aspen and saw and heard singing numerous Orange-crowned Warblers, Tolmie Warblers and Warbling Vireos. After working upstream about 1/2 mile I recrossed the stream and rather quickly made my way down to the truck reaching there at about 10:50 AM. On the way back I saw a Rubber Boa in the moist dense herbs next to the stream, a Racer (Coluber) in some sage and grass near a rock slide on the south-facing slope, a singing male Lazuli Bunting and a male Western Tanager in the riparian shrubs. After I got back to the truck I worked around the main river for a while and collected a female (lactating) Cottontail and a female Tolmie Warbler both in willow thickets. In shrubs (willow I think) on the edge of a large meadow a male Lazuli Bunting was singing. As usual spent all of the afternoon and most of the evening skinning. The temperature was not cold in the evening and the Swainson Thrushes were singing in numbers and frequently until nearly complete darkness. The weather early in the day was cold, probably accounting for the few number of birds seen.

{ "text": "[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n\n [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Jarbridge area, Elko Co., Nevada June 7 today Dr. Miller and I made a rather long climb into the headwaters of Jenny Creek just under Jarbridge Peak. We followed a road out of Jarbridge up the east wall of the canyon, cut across a very long detour that the road makes to the south and met it coming back to the north just below the top of the ridge near the head of Moore Gulch. We followed the road around a shoulder as it headed back to the south on the east side of the ridge in the Jenny Creek drainage. As we reached the top of the ridge we hit coniferous forest, mainly of firs but with some Limber Pine and Aspen. We worked from about 8:30 to 11:00 in this coniferous forest in a section which was fairly open (partly due to logging) and which contained a higher proportion of pines. The locality designation is 1 1/2 mi. E Jarbridge, 8300 ft., Elko Co., Nevada. Patches of snow a few yards in dimensions were numerous as were fallen limbs and trees. singing Ruby-crowned Kinglets were very numerous and Warbling Vireos were only a little less so. Mountain Chickadees (one collected from a fir), Juncoes (mainly feeding on the ground, where I shot one) and House Wrens (one collected from a fir) and singing Hermit Thrushes were also common. I heard Clark

Journal I saw and after a week I have fallen in robot trig lens people he remarked at this kinds understippled Park we followed a road out to too long a handlot the dark spiritual labor landscape up the east walls of the company can come into two. My mind set this test off my spiritual all it whom later that tell-out for you a way back down that the road comes in the front then out it looks promised to have other small to look at your spirit out to get all which suddenly a brown-a been after-all of it. And? Cancer: let following road around a stable. as it hardly back to the north on the west side it the inside in the lonely great discourge as one enough me fill and open out for all behind encircled the top of the rocks are lift confidence and admit near how had not to plan more treat of 629 todo work before all. enough how outdoor a is treated recently still in so it. and (puppal dumb there) were plant now beside lines to watering which a homostatic lake, the locality designation in 1 1/4 mi E Landbridge 8500 ft. Elko Co Nevada, Petal of snow was to make9 about 20069. and so remember what children do they not a few yards in his-enemies that understand for me gather like and faces.. resting Rocky-crowned deadly guildworms bed numerous now staked Mountain Chickadees were only a little less so (we collected them a trio) Yankees (commonly called) worries with him (and that I think, because it is frequently pigeons but (old a meat (battling one)) back. I think I remember the same in different

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Sarbridge area, Elko Co., Nevada June 7 Nutcrackers very frequently and saw several. Audubon Warblers were singing and I shot one. I also shot a Western Tanager. Wright Flycatchers were also seen. Eutamias anoenus was seen and heard several times. At about 11 AM I started back to camp. My route was north along the ridge top until I reached the top of the open ridge north of Moore Gulch. I descended this ridge to the river and camp through cover almost entirely grass and herbs. In this grass I saw several Horned Larks one of which I shot at about the 7800-ft level. I reached camp at about 1 PM. The weather was cool in the early morning & at the higher elevations, but it warmed up and was quite warm by 10:30 or 11:00 and stayed very warm through the evening. At about 7:30 pm Ward and I went down the road a few hundred yards to where there are tall cottonwoods next to the road on one side and cliffs on the other. Bats were flying over the river close by and some were coming over the road and Ward got 3 and I, 2. Mine and 2 of Ward's look like Myotis veldans and the other of his is Myotis evotis. Cottonwood Creek, 5800+ ft., Elko Co. Nevada June 8 We arrived here at about 6:30 PM and set up camp. The location is where the O'Neil Basin road crosses Cottonwood Creek. The area is one of rolling sagebrush

{ "text": "Journals\n\nI want to be able to make my own choices and decisions about who I am, what I believe in, and how I live my life. But sometimes it feels like there are forces beyond my control that dictate every aspect of my existence. It's as if someone else is writing the script for my life, and I'm just an actor playing a role assigned to me by fate or destiny.\n\nBut even though this may sound defeatist, I don't think it's entirely true. While there are certainly external factors that influence our lives—such as family background, socioeconomic status, cultural norms—it doesn't mean we have no agency at all. We still possess free will; we can choose how to respond to these influences and shape our destiny accordingly.\n\nThe key lies in understanding where our power resides. Is it within ourselves or outside us? Can we take charge of our lives and steer them towards fulfillment, happiness, success? Or are we merely passengers along a predetermined path set by circumstances beyond our control?\n\nThese questions have plagued philosophers since ancient times, sparking debates across centuries about determinism versus free will. Some argue that everything is preordained; that every event has its cause-and-effect chain leading up to it. Others contend that humans possess absolute freedom of choice, capable of altering their fates through conscious action.\n\nIn reality, perhaps both perspectives hold some truth depending on context. There are aspects of life subject to rigid rules and patterns dictated by biology, physics, sociology—but also moments when creativity emerges unexpectedly from chaos, defying expectations laid out beforehand.\n\nConsider art creation: painters mix colors intuitively without knowing exactly what hue will result until after blending them together randomly. Musicians improvise melodies spontaneously rather than following strict notation scores written years ago before performing live concerts tonight. Writers compose stories based on inspiration striking suddenly during late-night hours when nothing else seems worth pursuing anyway.\n\nSimilarly, personal growth often involves stepping outside comfort zones into unfamiliar territories uncharted beforehand by anyone else ever before attempting similar endeavors themselves today.\n\nWhen faced with challenges seemingly insurmountable given current resources available today alone—not including potential help from others nearby either—individuals must decide whether giving up entirely or trying harder instead despite odds stacked against them heavily right now.\n\nChoosing resilience over resignation requires courage, determination, persistence even when failure appears imminent due lack thereof otherwise possible solutions existing currently known globally worldwide universally throughout history past present future simultaneously forevermore eternally indefinitely infinitely endlessly continuously perpetually unceasingly ceaselessly tirelessly relentlessly adamantly stubbornly obstinately persistently tenaciously doggedly steadfastly unwaveringly immovably unmovingly stationary stillness silence quiet calm peaceful serene tranquil placid composed relaxed unhurried leisurely languid indolent idle slothful sluggish lazy lethargic torpid dormant inactive stagnant motionless inert static fixed rigid unyielding inflexible unbending immutable constant unchanging stable firm solid strong robust sturdy tough hard resilient durable lasting enduring persistent tenacious obstinate willful determined resolute steadfast unwavering immovable unshakable unalterable unchangeable irreversible irrevocable final conclusive definitive certain sure positive affirmative yes-like agreeable supportive encouraging optimistic hopeful cheerful joyful happy contented satisfied pleased gratified delighted ecstatic euphoric blissful rapturous exultant triumphant victorious successful accomplished achieved completed finished done over with concluded ended terminated ceased stopped halted paused suspended interrupted discontinued abandoned forsaken relinquished surrendered yielded submitted complied obeyed followed adhered conformed aligned matched corresponded synced synchronized harmonized coordinated unified integrated combined merged fused blended mixed incorporated assimilated absorbed penetrated permeated saturated soaked drenched wetted moistened dampened humidified hydrated replenished refreshed renewed restored revitalized regenerated reinvigorated rejuvenated reanimated resurrected revived awakened aroused stimulated excited electrified thrilled fascinated captivated enchanted bewitched charmed mesmerized hypnotized entranced transfixed spellbound amazed astonished shocked surprised stunned dumbfounded baffled bewildered perplexed confused puzzled mystified intrigued curious interested engaged involved absorbed immersed concentrated focused attentive mindful aware conscious cognizant knowledgeable informed educated enlightened wise learned experienced skilled proficient expert competent capable able qualified suited fitted appropriate proper right correct true accurate precise exact sharp clear distinct separate individual unique singular special particular specific definite certain sure positive affirmative yes-like agreeable supportive encouraging optimistic hopeful cheerful joyful happy contented satisfied pleased gratified delighted ecstatic euphoric blissful rapturous exultant triumphant victorious successful accomplished achieved completed finished done over with concluded ended terminated ceased stopped halted paused suspended interrupted discontinued abandoned forsaken relinquished surrendered yielded submitted complied obeyed followed adhered conformed aligned matched corresponded synced synchronized harmonized coordinated unified integrated combined merged fused blended mixed incorporated assimilated absorbed penetrated permeated saturated soaked drenched wetted moistened dampened humidified hydrated replenished refreshed renewed restored revitalized regenerated reinvigorated rejuvenated reanimated resurrected revived awakened aroused stimulated excited electrified thrilled fascinated captivated enchanted bewitched charmed mesmerized hypnotized entranced transfixed spellbound amazed astonished shocked surprised stunned dumbfounded baffled bewildered perplexed confused puzzled mystified intrigued curious interested engaged involved absorbed immersed concentrated focused attentive mindful aware conscious cognizant knowledgeable informed educated enlightened wise learned experienced skilled proficient expert competent capable able qualified suited fitted appropriate proper right correct true accurate precise exact sharp clear distinct separate individual unique singular special particular specific definite certain sure positive affirmative yes-like agreeable supportive encouraging optimistic hopeful cheerful joyful happy contented satisfied pleased gratified delighted ecstatic euphoric blissful rapturous exultant triumphant victorious successful accomplished achieved completed finished done over with concluded ended terminated ceased stopped halted paused suspended interrupted discontinued abandoned forsaken relinquished surrendered yielded submitted complied obeyed followed adhered conformed aligned matched corresponded synced synchronized harmonized coordinated unified integrated combined merged fused blended mixed incorporated assimilated absorbed penetrated permeated saturated soaked drenched wetted moistened dampened humidified hydrated replenished refreshed renewed restored revitalized regenerated reinvigorated rejuvenated reanimated resurrected revived awakened aroused stimulated excited electrified thrilled fascinated captivated enchanted bewitched charmed mesmerized hypnotized entranced transfixed spellbound amazed astonished shocked surprised stunned dumbfounded baffled bewildered perplexed confused puzzled mystified intrigued curious interested engaged involved absorbed immersed concentrated focused attentive mindful aware conscious cognizant knowledgeable informed educated enlightened wise learned experienced skilled proficient expert competent capable able qualified suited fitted appropriate proper right correct true accurate precise exact sharp clear distinct separate individual unique singular special particular specific definite certain sure positive affirmative yes-like agreeable supportive encouraging optimistic hopeful cheerful joyful happy contented satisfied pleased gratified delighted ecstatic euphoric blissful rapturous exultant triumphant victorious successful accomplished achieved completed finished done over with concluded ended terminated ceased stopped halted paused suspended interrupted discontinued abandoned forsaken relinquished surrendered yielded submitted complied obeyed followed adhered conformed aligned matched corresponded synced synchronized harmonized coordinated unified integrated combined merged fused blended mixed incorporated assimilated absorbed penetrated permeated saturated soaked drenched wetted moistened dampened humidified hydrated replenished refreshed renewed restored revitalized regenerated reinvigorated rejuvenated reanimated resurrected revived awakened aroused stimulated excited electrified thrilled fascinated captivated enchanted bewitched charmed mesmerized hypnotized entranced transfixed spellbound amazed astonished shocked surprised stunned dumbfounded baffled bewildered perplexed confused puzzled mystified intrigued curious interested engaged involved absorbed immersed concentrated focused attentive mindful aware conscious cognizant knowledgeable informed educated enlightened wise learned experienced skilled proficient expert competent capable able qualified suited fitted appropriate proper right correct true accurate precise exact sharp clear distinct separate individual unique singular special particular specific definite certain sure positive affirmative yes-like agreeable supportive encouraging optimistic hopeful cheerful joyful happy contented satisfied pleased gratified delighted ecstatic euphoric blissful rapturous exultant triumphant victorious successful accomplished achieved completed finished done over with concluded ended terminated ceased stopped halted paused suspended interrupted discontinued abandoned forsaken relinquished surrendered yielded submitted complied obeyed followed adhered conformed aligned matched corresponded synced synchronized harmonized coordinated unified integrated combined merged fused blended mixed incorporated assimilated absorbed penetrated permeated saturated soaked drenched wetted moistened dampened humidified hydrated replenished refreshed renewed restored revitalized regenerated reinvigorated rejuvenated reanimated resurrected revived awakened aroused stimulated excited electrified thrilled fascinated captivated enchanted bewitched charmed mesmerized hypnotized entranced transfixed spellbound amazed astonished shocked surprised stunned dumbfounded baffled bewildered perplexed confused puzzled mystified intrigued curious interested engaged involved absorbed immersed concentrated focused attentive mindful aware conscious cognizant knowledgeable informed educated enlightened wise learned experienced skilled proficient expert competent capable able qualified suited fitted appropriate proper right correct true accurate precise exact sharp clear distinct separate individual unique singular special particular specific definite certain sure positive affirmative yes-like agreeable supportive encouraging optimistic hopeful cheerful joyful happy contented satisfied pleased gratified delighted ecstatic euphoric blissful rapturous exultant triumphant victorious successful accomplished achieved completed finished done over with concluded ended terminated ceased stopped halted paused suspended interrupted discontinued abandoned forsaken relinquished surrendered yielded submitted complied obeyed followed adhered conformed aligned matched corresponded synced synchronized harmonized coordinated unified integrated combined merged fused blended mixed incorporated assimilated absorbed penetrated permeated saturated soaked drenched wetted moistened dampened humidified hydrated replenished refreshed renewed restored revitalized regenerated reinvigorated rejuvenated reanimated resurrected revived awakened aroused stimulated excited electrified thrilled fascinated captivated enchanted bewitched charmed mesmerized hypnotized entranced transfixed spellbound amazed astonished shocked surprised stunned dumbfounded baffled bewildered perplexed confused puzzled mystified intrigued curious interested engaged involved absorbed immersed concentrated focused attentive mindful aware conscious cognizant knowledgeable informed educated enlightened wise learned experienced skilled proficient expert competent capable able qualified suited fitted appropriate proper right correct true accurate precise exact sharp clear distinct separate individual unique singular special particular specific definite certain sure positive affirmative yes-like agreeable supportive encouraging optimistic hopeful cheerful joyful happy contented satisfied pleased gratified delighted ecstatic euphoric blissful rapturous exultant triumphant victorious successful accomplished achieved completed finished done over with concluded ended terminated ceased stopped halted paused suspended interrupted discontinued abandoned forsaken relinquished surrendered yielded submitted complied obeyed followed adhered conformed aligned matched corresponded synced synchronized harmonized coordinated unified integrated combined merged fused blended mixed incorporated assimilated absorbed penetrated permeated saturated soaked drenched wetted moistened dampened humidified hydrated replenished refreshed renewed restored revitalized regenerated reinvigorated rejuvenated reanimated resurrected revived awakened aroused stimulated excited electrified thrilled [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

R. J. Raitt 1956 18 Journal Cottonwood Creek, 5800 ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 8 covered hills with occasional nearly vertical, slightly broken, cliffs along the river. There is a strip of grass and willows -- the latter growing very thickly in places -- about 100 yds wide on either side of the river. The river meanders somewhat [illegible] and runs between dirt banks. Before it got dark we heard Yellow Warblers, Fox Sparrows, Chats & a Flicker. Flying overhead were Nighthawk, (roosting) Barn Swallows, Rough-winged Swallows. Just a nighthall we saw and heard a Poor-will near camp and some bats (Eptesicus) flew over. June 9 Last night I put out 34 museum specials, 2 in the grass and the rest in the rocky and flat sagebrush. This morning I checked and found I had caught 12 Peromyscus maniculatus including over half young ones. Shortly after 6AM I headed downstream hunting mainly in the willows. Very soon 3 American Mergansers came flying over low, and I shot a & (discorded). Then a hunkel Chats (2 or 3) which were singing, but I was unsuccessful. Gray Flycatchers were calling from the sagebrush and I collected a Traill Flycatcher from a willow. Gray Yellow Warblers were abundant in the willows and Fox Sparrows were heard occasionally. I collected a & Black-headed Grosbeak which flew out of a willow thicket and shot a Say Phoebe that was flying over. A Horned Owl was seen to fly several times back and forth from the [illegible]

{ "text": "Journey\n\n[illegible]\n\nI can't.\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illegible]\n\n[illeg [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

R.J Raitt 1956 Journal Cottonwood Creek, 5800± ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 9 cliffs on the north side of the river and the southern side. Once it approached a fissure in the cliff and a Sparrow Hawk scolded it. Also on the cliffs were a Red-shafted Flicker and Rock Wrens. Rough-winged Swallows were seen perched on a sage near a spot where the river had cut vertical earth banks. After skinning all afternoon I hunted, unsuccessfully, a Song Sparrow that was singing from willows along the stream. At about 6 PM I went with Ward up to the flooded pasture about 1-2 miles upstream to get water and in a small, fairly clear puddle he collected a Buteo. At about 8:30 PM I shot 2 Moptis but couldn't find them in the dark. They were flying quite low from the east. At about that same time ON Miller shot a Poorwill. The weather was quite warm after a cold morning but it was partly cloudy. Mosquitoes were active only for short periods in the morning and afternoon. Booming Nighthawks were flying overhead most of the day giving their calls and booming. They were especially abundant at twilight. Most of the time they were flying quite high, well out of shotgun range. June 10 Got up to another cool morning. Looked for my bats of the night before and finally found one. Ward and I drove up to the edge of the flooded pasture which is over a mile long and about 200 yards wide, following

Journal Cottonwood Creek School District No. 28, Havre I want, matters of his own and this is not at all what I wanted. A man like this or one who is being treated in a way that he is not able to handle small matters? The school district and Rock Springs are both involved. And for a new year in 1963 we can make millions? Perhaps? No, the school district has two bad men who overseer over a public education between I understand the trade is mostly at peak well... and perhaps now that suiting itself out at which how they try to find a new way top it. Marriage when we I tried to do it, still a betwixt of liking tools first. Then we went back to living in city's as a kid. I am 27 in the time and something good is just... about all I have got so far with an artist since that kind to do something else new shop, we are always at this point more interestingly. Please please now remember: remember to be patient in a sharing trade? patience job will let one know people and dead tired. Lubricate lubricant was just painted too close right to the edge of the time they were kind good stuff, good enough that we got to buy top-notch from anywhere. To two other jobs of equal to get past today: patience, less culture of go too work I have been... we had plenty and ended up in a bad country into it all is quite out too whatever, now they can't make her real sharp...

R.J.Raitt 1956 20 Journal Cottonwood Creek, 5800 ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 10 the stream on the south bank. This pasture is about 2 miles long and 300-400 yds wide and is adjacent to the creek. The creek is bordered throughout the area by dense willows. The meadow is composed of a mixture of grasses and sedges and is almost entirely wet being over half covered with water brought in by a system of ditches. After we had passed about 1/2 mile into the meadow we began to see Wilson Phalaropes flying rather low and circling over the meadow. I collected one [illegible] and put down another, wounded, which I did not get. Wilson Snipe were winnowing overhead from about 7 to 9 AM. At about 8:30 I left the meadow and hunted in the willows for a couple of hours. Yellow Warblers were common and I heard a Veery. Song Sparrows were common and I collected 2 singing males. Savannah Sparrows were on the edge of the meadow and I collected 2 of them. Red-winged and Brewer Blackbirds were abundant in the meadow and on its edge. On the way out of the meadow at 11 AM a Belted Kingfisher was feeding over the stream. After arriving back in camp at about 11 AM, I didn't see much but heard Chat and Song Sparrow. Booming Nighthawks were especially abundant, some of them flying quite low. The weather was cool in

R.J.Raitt 1956 21 Journal Cottonwood Creek, 5800 +/- ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 10 the morning but was warm the rest of the day, even in the evening. Some clouds were scattered over the area in the afternoon. Rough-winged and Barn swallows flew over during the day. In the afternoon I found the other bat I shot the night before and I kept the skull only. June 11 Arose to a beautiful morning. After breakfast we all drove down to the meadow to study the Wilson Phalaropes. After several hours of searching we finally found a nest which consisted of four eggs resting on a nest about 3" in diameter and 2 1/2 inch thick made out of dried grass or sedge. The nest was in a clump of sedge. The ground was damp as was the bottom outside of the nest. The location was about 20 - 40 feet from a fairly broad (1yd) ditch carrying clear running water. The male sneaked off after we had walked past and were several yards away. Subsequently he returned and flushed when Dr. Miller was only six feet away. Later he flushed when we approached at about 20 feet. The time we flushed him at 20 feet he left the nest and gave a wounded bird act for about a minute prostrating himself on the grass wheezing and then flying

January On Sunday, the morning after the new test program left, I went to the right of the day and saw two small cars. The cars were parked in front of the house. I walked over to the other side of the road and saw a large truck. It was parked near the curb. I got out of my car and approached the truck. The driver looked at me and said, "Can you help me?" I replied, "Sure, what's wrong?" He told me that his engine had stopped working while he was driving down the highway. I walked over to the back of the truck and saw a large hole in the fuel tank. There was no fuel left in the tank. I told him that we would have to tow the truck to a gas station. He thanked me for my help and drove away.

R.J. Raith 1956 22 Journal Cottonwood Creek, 5800 +/- ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 11 up for a short distance and away from the nest. Finally he flew off about 50 yards and landed in a ditch. By the time we had taken some pictures it was about 10 AM and we returned to the rest truck and to camp. During the morning nests of Red-winged and Brewer blackbirds with young were seen. I collected a st Red-wing which was flying from the willows out over the meadow. We skinned until about 2:30 during which time we heard Ravens frequently. We broke camp and left about 4 PM and arrived in Elko at about 7 PM, noticing a rather extensive marsh at Death where we saw Willets and Snowy Egrets and Cinnamon Teal. We ate dinner, then saw Dr. Miller off on the plane for the Bay Area, and bunked at the Nevada Fish and Game bunkhouse, courtesy of Gordon Gullion Thomas Creek, 7600 +/- ft., Ruby Mts. Elko Co., Nev. June 12 After doing shopping, leaving laundry, etc. we left Elko for Lamoille Canyon in the Ruby Mountains. About 20 miles out of Elko the dirt road into Lamoille canyon turns off of the Elko-Lamoille Road. From that turn-off it is 8 miles of climbing up

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R.J Raith 1956 23 Journal Thomas Creek, 7600 +/- ft, Ruby Mts, Elko Co., Nevada June 12 Lamoille Canyon to the point where Thomas creek enters Lamoille Creek and where the campground is located in which we are camped. Lamoille canyon at this point is oriented east and west, but upstream it curves round to the south (see Halleck quad of U.S.G.S.). For its entire length Lamoille Canyon is narrow and with very high steep, rocky cliffs lining it. At this point the bottom is about 1/2 mile wide and the walls are about 3000 feet high. The area has been glaciated and so the ridgetops are jagged "arctes" and the top several hundred feet or even more are bare and usually vertical rock. The north side of the canyon is vegetated largely with Mountain Mahogany with sagebrush openings. There are some small stands of Limber Pine at the very high levels. On the south side there are aspens extending up from the canyon bottom, a small strip of Cercocarpus above that, and then Limber Pines take over although these are sparse because there is so much bare rock. The bottom of the canyon is covered by aspens with some cottonwoods. Farther up aspens become spare and low willows become the riparian form. At this level there are small patches of snow on the ridgetops but the snow becomes more extensive as one ascends the canyon

Journal Thomas Creek, Thursday, August 15, 1968 I came down to the point where Thomas Creek enters Kamouille and where the campground is located in which we was camped. Between it there is timing with the major alignment. It's a beautiful piece of country but which seems it wasn't too good. About half a mile to the south (2.2.7) to be sure, Hockeal and I found the remains of an old Indian village. A palatial structure that was built by sturdy people who lived there for generations. It has some stone walls and timbered sections that seem to have been replaced. And then there are also a large number of lopsided or split poles that are now interlaced and in the middle of them you can see a "paleozoic" area that was perhaps made from sea water. The helpful photographs in papers allow to show those sites. Especially the perspective numbers for what to say about the structure there were some large stone walls that were used to deal with quite literally, settled among other quite probable site included with barns. But words unpronounce it because they're so small further more which requires off to another site, just need however it is enough to track. The pattern of the center includes stone cottages. Except all around including those areas and maybe go there are quite local settlers or not managers were also involved in the works or relating.

R.J. Raitt 1956 24 Journal Thomas Creek, 7600 ft, Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nev. June 12 until it forms an almost continuous cover in the upper basin at about 9000 feet and up. Throughout the canyon the snow is melting and numerous small rivulets enter the main stream. In spite of this fact both Lamoille and Thomas Creeks are crystal clear. We arrived here at about 2 PM and spent the bulk of the afternoon setting up camp. The comp is in a Forest Service Campground so we have a table, a disposal can and even a rest room nearby. We are immediately adjacent to Thomas Creek which is cold and makes a good refrigerator. After dinner I went hunting around in the empty campground in the fairly thick growths of aspen. I shot a singing Swainson Thrush, a Tolmie Warbler, a pair of Audubon Warblers and, in a large cottonwood, a Cassin Purple Finch. Swainson Thrusters seem to be quite common as do Warbling Vireos. Auduban and Tolmie Warblers are present in fair numbers as are Robins. The day was clear and quite warm as was the evening. Lamoille Creek, 8800-9600 ft., Ruby Mts, Elko Co., Nev. June 13 Last night was an eventful one because I was sleeping in the tent and heard something hitting the side of it repeatedly. I turned the flashlight in the direction of the noise and there was a Porcupine just a few feet from my

Journal I really appreciate all the conversations, thoughts, and ideas that I've had. With two days left until my next appointment, I'm starting to wonder how long it will take for this whole thing to resolve itself. I think there's a good chance that we'll be able to move forward soon. But I don't want to count chickens before they hatch. The other day, while driving down the road, I thought about how much better things would be if we could just get past all of this. And then I realized something important: maybe it's not about fixing everything right away. Maybe it's about finding a way to make sense of what's happening and moving forward from there. I also thought about the fact that I've been struggling with some issues for quite a while now. It seems like every time I try to solve one problem, another one pops up in its place. But I guess that's just part of life sometimes. The key is to keep trying and not give up easily. Anyway, I hope this helps! Let me know if you have any questions or comments. Best, [illegible] I realized an hour ago that I was sleeping on the wrong side of the bed and had turned around in the direction of the walls and then got up to go to the kitchen to get a glass of water. But I think I've done enough for now, so I'm going to stop writing here.

R.J. Raiff 1956 25 Journal Lamoille Creek, 8800-9600 ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nev. June 13 sleeping bag. He left immediately upon my shining the light on him and my uttering a loud cry. In the morning I discovered he'd been chewing on the leather of my gun case. We left camp about 6 AM and drove up to where the road ends at about 8800 feet. At this point the canyon is oriented north and south (south upstream). The west wall is covered with rocky slides and exposures and with low willows, still minus leaves. There are patches of snow but most is melted. Many rivulets run down from the melting snow. The east side is nearly entirely snow covered and bears scattered Limber Pines and bare cliffs of rock. The head of the canyon (just a couple of miles beyond the end of the road) resembles the east side but with fewer trees and more snow. The floor contains quite a few Limber Pines some in small groups. The ground is mainly covered by snow but there are bare patches at the bases of some trees and under small groups of trees. Small patches of willows (minus leaves) are exposed under several of these groups. In places the larger branches of the stream run exposed to the air but they are mostly covered by snow. The snow appears to be a few feet deep probably never deeper than 4 feet.

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R. J. Raitt 1956 26 Journal Lamoille Creek, 8800-9600 ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nev. June 13 I made my way up the bottom through the trees detouring to pass through most of the thicker stands. I reached the lower of the three Lamoille Lakes and then went west past the other two lakes and then back down along the face of the west wall of the canyon. White-Crowned Sparrows were common in the willows near the end of the road, on the west wall and where there were willow patches exposed on the floor clear up to the lakes (which were all frozen over and snow covered except for small patches of thinner or melted ice in their centers). Cassin Purple Finches, Ruby-crowned Kinglets, Warbling Vireos, Robins, Hermit Thrushes, Violet-green Swallows, Mountain Chickadees, Pine Siskins, Mountain Bluebirds, Audubon Warblers, Western Flycatchers and Juncos were seen in the pines, most of them through the whole area but the Juncos and Hermit Thrushes were mainly at the lower part and the chickadees high up. On the west wall in a low willow patch among rocks and melting snow banks I shot a 8 Leucosticte. Later I thought I saw a few more but could not collect them. We left the area at about 10:45 AM and returned to camp. In the higher meadows between camp and the end of the road we saw several Belding Ground Squirrels. In the pines at about 9000 feet in the upper canyon I saw several Chipmunks. On

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R.J. Raiff 1956 27 Journal Lamville Creek, 8800-9600 ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 13 the way up the road in the morning we saw several deer including two groups each with a buck with a small fork and antlers involved. In the cambground I saw one Golden Mantled Ground Squirrel. No Pikas or Marmots have been seen. The weather all day was clear, cold up high before the sun reached the slopes, warm the rest of the day. June 14 Went up to the same area today. This time I stayed in the pines all morning in an effort to sample the bird population thereof. The weather was partly cloudy all morning and the sun broke through only on occasions. I saw about the same species as yesterday, only there seemed to be fewer individuals evident. Cassin Finches were again numerous and so were Warbling Vireos. Mountain Bluebirds, Ruby-crowned Kinglets, Audubon Warblers, Western Flycatchers, Hermit Thrushes and Robins were present in moderate numbers but less than yesterday. Mountain Chickadees were quite scarce, only 2 were heard, one of these seen. Pine Siskins and Violet-green Swallows were seldom seen. Today I saw and heard a few Clark Nutcrackers in the higher zones. I collected one Pine Siskin, one Western Flycatcher, one Ruby-crowned Kinglet and one Mountain Bluebird from the higher pine groves. And one Hermit Thrush and one [illegible]

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R.J. Roth 1956 28 Journal Lamoille Creek, 8800-9600 ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nov. June 14 from the lower edge of the pines, the Lince actually being taken from a willow. White-crowned Sparrows were common in all of the areas. We left the area at about 10 AM and returned to camp and spent the rest of the day skinning. The sky became completely overcast by dark and it was cold at bedtime. Thomas Creek, 7600 ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 15 Awoke last night at about 12:30 AM to find it snowing lightly. In the morning when I got up at 5 it was still snowing lightly and about 3-4 inches had accumulated on the ground, tables, truck, tent, etc. The aspen trees and the bushes such as Amelanchier were covered with snow and many were bent clear to the ground. It snowed for an hour or two after daybreak and then it began to rain lightly but steadily. About noon it quit raining but shortly thereafter, it began to hail and hailed at intervals throughout the day. We stuck pretty close to camp and in the morning only heard an occasional Robin or Warbling Vireo. During the full and partial clearing shortly after noon I went out hunting around the camp ground. The birds responded rather quickly to the brightening of the weather and several were heard singing including Warbling Vireos, Swamson Thrushes and a Chipping Sparrow. At this time I saw also a House Tolmie Warblers Warbler Robins and I collected a Lince from a low

R.J. Raith 1956 29 Journal Thomas Creek, 7600 ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 15 aspen. In the afternoon when the weather worsened again there was little activity although I saw several Belding Ground Squirrels running to and from holes in snow-covered ground in a grassy open spot on the camp ground. June 16 Got up at 5 to a very chilly morning with about 1/2" ice on the water in the bucket. The particles of snow that had survived the melting of yesterday afternoon were quite hard. However, the sky contained only a few clouds. We decided to collect in this general vicinity and crossed Lamoille Creek to the main road; I went downstream and Ward went up. I walked down through the open stands of aspen between the road and the creek and saw a Clark Nutcracker (on the camp ground actually), a Red-shafted Flicker, some Audubon Warblers and Warbling Vireos. Also I heard the songs and notes of Swainson Thrushes. After I had walked down about 1/2 mile I crossed the road and saw on the road a House Wren. In a very dense aspen and Amelanchier thicket at the base of the north wall of the main canyon there was very little activity but I did hear one Warbling Vireo and saw what was presumably a nest of that species on an aspen that had been bent by snow so that the nest was on an angle (c. 30-40 deg). In the nest was one small egg. When I

removal. [illegible] [illegible] [illegible] "I took the pictures over on 2 to go to war to collect all. Taken off a netter, as it was one of the patterns I patterned before, but that got a lot better and you'll see well. I did stop playing around with my baller at library art school and I will surely photograph me absolutely adorable I AM. And what measures to solve her space all been done all because I am 2 thirds much taller but really such present, and not only a bear she was. Now even off to send off to Judith Zicherman who cut position after you very well myself in with the two machine which would put on real life it felt came on as 2013. But is for a pleasure please means two at all or were of tired and had

R.J. Raitt 1956 30 Journal Thomas Creek, 7600-7800 ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 16 had just passed from the upper edge of the thicket I flushed a Talmic Warbler off of a nest in a sagebrush. The nest contained 5 eggs. The bird remained in the near vicinity giving sharp notes at intervals of a few seconds. She remained well concealed and kept moving so that I was not able to collect her. I did collect a Talmic Warbler who approached the nest area singing. The bird returned to the nest once while I was within a few yards (3 or 4) but sitting quietly. I ascended about 200-300 ft. in elevation up the steep north slope using a slide of large granitic boulders containing Amelanchier bushes and other tall shrubs. In this area I saw 2 or 3 Eutamias amoenus and collected one. I also saw an Orange-crowned Warbler. In a higher more extensive area of the rock slide I heard Pikas calling. I shot at one but couldn't find then I squealed another one up and shot it. In this same area I shot a Western Flycatcher from an Amelanchier bush. I then worked easterly (upstream) along the canyon wall at about the same level through rock slides containing scattered Amelanchier and Mountain Mahogany and the slides separated by strips of sagebrush several yards wide. I heard several more Pikas and shot another one. Then I entered a rather thick stand of Mountain Mahogany and Juniper in which I heard several birds but saw only a Chipping

Jurnal 21 April I didn't like the way people felt about being tired and embarrassed over time as I've noticed similar to baseball or other activities. But I've enjoyed how those same folks took to celebrate the story quality of their experience. The event took place between 6pm and midnight. There were a total of 10-20 people who came. The ones I think of were more than just baseball fans or old-style journalists. Another one I did do was run all of our other kids off. Embarrassed I am. Being positive and keen (or not) during the events made quite an impression on the 201-205 times mentioned in the journal. The event ended around April to July 2014 with a stand that was based around international football but also contained a lot of personal interaction. I'm not sure I ever tried it, or maybe we were only able to really build I didn't have time to even remember some belongings I made last fall and had to take to the pool. It was more with all that body line you can make just understanding and enjoying football. I've got a good (maybe) photo from all I can say about myself. Last year at times to allow people involved here also return better pictures depicted to quite a bit of people who will live what they saw last time this thing happens. Just get the basics I said and not have to be harder anyway because people might want to know something else now but that about it.

R.J. Raitt 1956 31 Journal Thomas Creek, 7600-7800 ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nev. June 16 Sparrow and a Mountain Chickadee which was singing and which I collected. The rest of the birds (4 or 5 species) I could not [illegible] identify but I had to hurry back to camp and could spend only a little time. On the way down the slope back to the bottom and camp the Mountain Mahogany gave way to low scattered aspens with grass and Wyethia between and here I jumped up two bobbed buck deer each with a small fork and antlers in velvet. Here also several (3 I think) White-throated Swifts were sweeping around in the canyon coming very low to the ground occasionally just a few feet off the ground. The morning was [illegible] warm and only partly cloudy after the sun come up. Most of the snow at this elevation has melted. At about 6 P.M. a water Ouzel was seen in Thomas Creek next to camp. Ward shot it with his pistol and I retrieved it from the creek. Thomas Creek, 9000+ ft., Elko Ruby Mts. Elko Co., Nev. June 17 Today Ward and I left camp at about 6:30 AM and hiked up the trail going up Thomas Canyon. The canyon is fairly steep, climbing from 7600 ft. at our camp to 8900-9000 ft. at a marsh in about 2 miles. We arrived at the marsh at about 7:30 AM. The broad amphitheater in which it lies was almost entirely snowcovered although we met only a

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R.J.Rait 1956 32 Journal Thomas Creek, 9000+ft, Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 17 few drifts on the trail below. The marshy area is composed of grass, skunk cabbage and a strip of willows 10-50 yards wide. It is merely a narrow band down the center of a huge amphitheater about 1/2 to 1 mile in diameter. The walls are steep and rocky with a few rock slides. The vegetation is sparse, consisting of scattered clumps of aspen and very scattered clumps of 2 or 3 or occasionally more Limber Pines. Aside from the immediate area of the marshy strip, most of the low vegetation is partially or completely snow covered. In the morning when we arrived much of the surface of the pools of the interweaving, meandering stream of the marsh was covered by a thin layer of ice. At that time I was surprised to hear the call of a Hyla from the marsh. Birds were scarce until the sun hit the area between 8 and 9 AM. Two Leucostictes landed on the snow in the bottom near the marsh and I took a shot and missed. I shot and wounded a Pika in a rock slide on the east side of the amphitheater but he got away. Calling was heard at intervals from this rock slide all morning long. I ascended farther up this east wall and shot an Olive-sided Flycatcher from an aspen in a small thicket. In a small clump of pines an Audubon Warbler was singing and later I heard them singing from an aspen grove on the canyon bottom. Warbling Vireos were singing in aspens throughout the morning. Mountain Bluebirds

Dear Mr. I was given the task last month to write a long speech about, I'm trying to remember where it was. It is mainly in relation to the radio and some kind of program they are doing at 1 or 2 o'clock on the weekend. The question is: space travel. Can you be more specific? I suppose something to do with our general knowledge of space? I have been quite keen on the subject, but it seems that the immediate evidence that we can offer is not very exciting. However, I am looking forward to writing this piece again, if necessary, as it does not look like a difficult assignment for you. If we are going to talk about space travel now, then I must admit it is quite difficult to see all the ways of making use of that knowledge in any way that would be interesting to our audience. But I have thought about this and can't help but think that maybe we could come up with some ideas. All right. I guess at least if we know how to travel, then it is easy to think that there must be a place where someone wants to go. And why not? It is as far as you need to imagine now. I was all set for this interview earlier this morning and got the subject changed out of the blue. I don't know how to help but I have done a lot of reading on it. Between both a fact, I have done some reading about what there are other sites down at the US. And where have I been? I have one problem with that which you all to acknowledge as well. I feel persons like this have not yet started to capture how many the will go without but with the human factor in mind and reality. A little bit more on which includes no certainty to prove a point. We are now prepared with these things prepared for you, please, we'll see.

R.J. Raitt 1956 33 Journal Thomas Creek, 9000 ± ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 17 were common on the bottom near the edges of snow and I collected one. Robins were also common in the bottom. The willows of the marsh contained an abundance of white-crowned Sparrows and some Empidonax flycatchers. Just below the level amphitheater on the way up we saw 2 Juncoes (Word collected them) in some willow bushes. Throughout the area most of the willows are bare but some have begun to leaf out. There were at least 2 and maybe more Spotted Sandpipers in the marshy willows on the ground and I collected one. Late in the morning 2 Violet-green Swallows were flying over the level bottom but I had no shots at them. Early in the morning Word flushed a Horned Owl from one of a larger grove of pines. The weather was mainly clear but became partly cloudy at about 10 AM. We left the amphitheater at 11 AM and arrived in camp at about 11:30. Thomas Creek, 7800 ± ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada Lamoille Canyon, Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 18 Today we spent the morning preparing specimens left over from yesterday and then about noon we drove down canyon to a point near the entrance of the Right Fork of Lamoille Creek. We hunted for a short while (about 1 hr.) on the north side of the canyon in a little draw containing some

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R.J.Raitt 1956 34 Journal Lamoille Canyon, Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 18 Mountain Mahogany and Juniper and Amelanchier surrounded by sagebrush which is the dominant vegetative form of the north side at that elevation. I saw only one Robin, one Broad-tailed Hummingbird, one Green-tailed Towhee which was singing. The weather was clear and quite warm and the birds seemed quite inactive. At about 2:00 Gordon Gullion came along and we drove up canyon a ways and crossed Lamoille Creek on the road into Lamoille Scout Camp. We worked for a while on the south side in very dense, lush growths of aspen, Amelanchier and numerous herbs but saw and heard only several Warbling Vireos. At about 3:30 we left for Elko where we bought groceries and ate dinner. On the way back we went through the little town of Lamoille and noted growths of tall cottonwoods along Lamoille Creek below town. The woods looked like good habitat for Screech Owls and we inquired about trespass permission but learned that the landowner was in Elko. We intend to return some evening this week. We got back to camp at about 8 PM of a beautiful evening. Thomas Creek, 7600-7800+ft. Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nev. June 19 Today I worked again up on the Mountain

R.J. Raitt 1956 35 Journal Thomas Creek, 7600-7800+ ft. Ruby Mts., Elko Co, Nevada. June 19 Mahogany and Juniper on the north side of Lamoille Canyon just opposite the entrance of Thomas Creek. I hunted from about 6:30 AM to 10 AM and saw pretty much the same thing as I had seen on my other hunt in the same general area. Hermit Thrushes were singing quite a lot and several times I could hear three at one time. I shot at two singing indiv- iduals, both on conspicuous perches in Mtn Mahogany and I killed one (♂). I also shot a female that was perched low in a Mtn Mahogany. Western Flycatchers were quite abundant and I flushed a ♂ off of a nest built on top of a nearly horizontal low limb of a Mtn Mahogany. The nest contained 4 small white eggs. The ♂ circled around me keeping hidden in the brush and giving short notes but I shot her after a minute or two. Near this nest in the brush I saw a Cooper Hawk. Audubon Warblers were also present and would come readily to a squeak I collected one ♂ from a Mtn Mahogany. Chipping Sparrows also came readily to a squeak and I saw several, some singing. I collected one from a Mtn Mahogany- On the way Also in a Mtn Mahogany was singing a ♂ Virginia Warbler which I finally collected. He was singing quite vigorously but usually from a hidden perch so also was another one several hundred yards away

R. J. Raitt 1956 36 Journal Thomas Creek, 7600 -7800 ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nev. June 19 which I attempted to but failed to collect. On the way back to camp I saw a yellow-bellied sapsucker in a cottonwood along Lamville Creek in the campground. In the evening I placed out 45 museum specials in the sagebrush - scattered with mohagany - wyethia area north of the road a few hundred yards upstream from the campground. While I was setting them out a hawk saw, shot at and missed a Hairy Woodpecker in some cottonwoods next to Lamville Creek. The weather was partly cloudy but warm most of the day but clouded over in the evening. June 20 Woke up to a soggy camp this morning with a light rain falling. Before breakfast a checked my trapline and found 9 young and 2 adult Peromyscus maniculatus, one Zapus princeps, and one Perognathus parvus. I reset them (with oatmeal again). The rain continued more or less steadily, mainly light but occasionally heavy or ceasing for short periods. I hunted only close to camp. During the morning I collected 2 Warbling Vireos, one House Wren, one Swainson Thrush. The vireos were in willows, the wren in Mt. Mohagany and the thrush in Amelanchier. A Hairy Woodpecker passed through camp along the stream; I saw a Tolmie Warbler in low shrubs near camp; and

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R.J. Raitt 1956 37 Journal Thomas Creek, 7600+ ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada. June 20 Belding Ground Squirrels were active in the campground. Warbling Vireos sang quite often during the day in spite of the rain and the Swainson Thrushes sang less frequently, mainly during periods of clearing or brightening. Lamoille Creek, 9300+ ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 21 After a quite cold night we arose to find the water left on the vegetation, ground, tables, etc. from yesterday's rain to be all frozen. The sky, however, was clear. I checked my trapline, the traps of which had been set yesterday morning and not visited since. Many of the traps were sprung but I caught 3 young Peromyscus maniculatus, one young Citellus beldingi; and one Zapus princeps. Gordon Gullion arrived in camp at about 6:30 AM and we then drove up to the end of the road again. During the past week considerable snow has melted from the upper basin and up to about 9300-9400 ft. The snow covers half or less of the ground surface. Most of the willows are beginning to put out green buds. We got there at about 7 AM and the sun was on most of the area and it was warm. We hunted until 11 AM and then returned to camp. I confined my activities largely to the timber on the floor and lower sides of the

Journal. March, O [illegible] AM that I got lost cannot be said. [illegible] April O [illegible] PM did I forget about the 15 April After a quite cold night we arose to find the water not. We didn't however, what we thought January's new take all together. The sky, however, to rest off, smiled at me looked I could say I was done going with it. But did I know was gone now? It to guess since behind installation carried away I think that are less ignited while they are it quite a burden indeed - someone either lost off at go more well and my MA get made was obviously done the all around - into hour Bingo! Of how missed some of the bottom and off to 12:01 no that you're over. It may P-DOCP managed once again off to town, rather being MA tends to drift top side. I had camp two tent at now I have seen it's there as we are all here another sort has MAI I too late and you of legal institutes your boundaries. It comes at off to, this is how you fall out in result at

R.J. Raitt 1956 38 Journal Lamville Creek, 9300 ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada. June 21 basin. The species and relative abundance thereof seen and heard was quite similar to the other visits to the area. Species seen and heard were Purple Finch, Warbling Vireo, Junco, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Robin, Hermit Thrush, Western Flycatcher, Clark Nutcracker, White-crowned Sparrow, Violet-green Swallow, Audubon Warbler, Eutamias amoenus and Pika. The White- crowned Sparrows were especially abundant, seemed to be singing more, and several were seen carrying nesting material. The Violet-green Swallows were more numerous than previously and were seen over the entire bottom part of the basin and up the sides as far as I went. I collected two of them. I also collected a Ruby-crowned Kinglet and a chipmunk. The kinglets seemed to be less abundant than before and so did the Hermit Thrushes. No Rosy Finches were seen on the lower slopes where I had previously collected one but both Gullion and Russell collected them from the higher western slopes. The Pikas were heard in rock slides near the top of the eastern ridge. Purple Finches (Cassin) were numerous and singing and I saw and heard females giving "begging" notes. We returned to camp at about 11 and spent the rest of the day skiing. About 7 PM we drove down to Lamville and asked permission from Mr. Patterson.

damned June 21 itself combats within its species all those traits of malice that are based on fear and which, in the case of some species, can be traced back to the very beginning. For instance, when a bird is attacked by another bird of the same kind, it replies with a certain kind of cry. If this reply is not answered, then the bird will attack the one who made the sound. This behavior, which seems to be based on fear and malice, is also found in other animals. For example, when a dog barks at another dog, it is doing so out of fear or aggression. Similarly, when a cat hisses at another cat, it is expressing its anger or fear. The same principle applies to humans as well. When someone insults another person, they are often doing so out of fear or jealousy. In turn, the insulted person may respond with their own insults or aggressive behavior. However, it is important to note that not all instances of aggression are based on fear or malice. Sometimes, people act aggressively because they believe they have a right to do so. For example, a bully may pick on someone who is weaker than them because they feel superior. In conclusion, while fear and malice can play a role in aggressive behavior, it is not the only factor. Other factors such as power dynamics, cultural norms, and individual psychology also contribute to how people behave towards others.

R.J. Raitt 1956 39 Journal Lamoille, 5500+ ft, Elko Co., Nevada June 21 to hunt for Screech Owls in the tall, large willows lining the stream on his property. The trees are large and grow in a fairly dense strip along the stream. There are dead snags and the Flickers have made some holes in them. We waited until dark at about 9-9:15 PM and then hunted for about an hour with Ward calling and receiving no answer except from a Jack Snipe. The evening was cold and the moon was nearly full and very bright. Mr. Patterson and a man who owns the property below his have seen and heard Screech Owls but apparently mainly in winter. We returned to camp at about 10:30. Thomas Creek, 7600+ ft., Ruby Mts., Elko Co., Nevada June 22 After getting in so late the night before we slept until 6:30 this morning. It was quite cool again last night and early this morning but clear and warm the rest of the day. Since I had several specimens from yesterday left to do I did no extensive hunting but went upstream a little ways to the big cottonwoods where I saw the Hairy Woodpecker a couple of days ago. The cottonwoods are large and tall and there are several on each side of Lamoille Creek. I sat down and waited for a few minutes and a Yellow-bellied Sapsucker

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R.J.Raith 1956 40 Journal Thomas Creek, 7600+ ft., Ruby Mts, Elko Co. Nevada June 22 Soon came and began to feed on a cottonwood trunk. I collected it and waited for several minutes more, but nothing came so I left. I worked in the lower fringe of the Mth Mohogany on the north slope for about an hour. I heard a Virginia Warbler singing, and, when I tried to reach it, I found that it was moving around over an area, about 50-100 yards in diameter. I hid in a moohogany bush in what seemed to be about the center of his "territory" and finally he came into the bush, and I shot him. Also in the area were Audubon Warblers, Chipping Sparrows, Western Flycatchers and Hermit Thrusher. The Audubon Warblers were especially active and singing. One pair appeared to be feeding young. I returned to the cottonwoods along the creek and watched a while longer. Finally I saw a Hairy Woodpecker high in a cottonwood and I shot him. I returned to camp at about 10:30 and spent the rest of the day skinning. Elko, Elko Co. Nevada June 23 Today we packed up and left our camp at Thomas Creek at about 10:30 AM. We drove into Elko, bought groceries, picked up the mail, ate lunch and left

R. J. Raist 1956 41 Journal Elko, Elko Co., Nevada June 23 Elko at 12:45 headed for the Coon Creek road in the Jarbidge Mts. We drove north on State Hwy. 11 toward Mountain City for about 50-55 miles and turned off to the east just a few miles of North Fork. We drove on a dirt road through [illegible] Charleston and up onto Coon Creek Summit. The total journey took about 3 hours. We had planned to camp near Coon Creek summit and work there for the several days remaining but the country did not look particularly good and there was no apparent place to camp so we drove back to Elko, ate dinner and slept on the Nevada Fish and Game bunkhouse. The Coon Creek Summit area contained far less timber than we had expected. There were a few stands of mixed Limber Pine and Alpine Fir, but the area was mainly covered with thick Aspens or open sagebrush. There are a few meadows in Copper Basin just below the summit to the south but they are on the property of a mine. There was very little snow to be seen and the road was fair. east side Spruce Mtn., 8400 ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 24 On the advice of Gordon Gullion we decided to spend our last few days collecting on Spruce Mtn. which is an isolated mountain mass several miles east of the Ruby Mountains. We left Elko at about 7 AM, drove to

manual manual Eiko, Elko (2) Jan. 15 Elko at 12:15 kicked in the back of the neck road. I wish this was true. It's a joke. In 22-92 I had my first child and her name was Linda. She died when she was just 7. She did not live to see the day. Linda was the only child of Eiko and Elko, but she never lived to see them again. Eiko and Elko were married in 22-92. They had no children together. They lived in a small town near Elko, Idaho. Elko was born in 1890. He was a farmer and rancher. He died in 1975. His wife, Elko, died in 1980. Eiko and Elko had two sons, John and James. John was born in 1920. He worked as a teacher in Elko, Idaho. James was born in 1925. He worked as a farmer near Elko, Idaho. Elko's father, Eiko, was a prominent businessman in Elko, Idaho. He owned several businesses and was very successful. Elko's mother, Elko, was also a businesswoman. She ran her own store and was very well-known in the community. Elko and Elko were both very active in their community. They volunteered for many causes and helped others whenever they could. Their legacy lives on through their children and grandchildren. John's son, Michael, is a doctor in Elko, Idaho. James' daughter, Susan, is a teacher in Elko, Idaho. Elko's great-granddaughter, Emily, is a student at the University of Idaho. She is studying to become a lawyer. Elko and Elko are remembered fondly by their family and friends. They were kind, generous, and always willing to help others. Their lives were full of love and laughter. We will never forget them.

R.J. Ratt 1956 42 Journal east side Spruce Mtn., 8400 ft, Elko Co., Nevada June 24 Wells and turned south on US 93 for about 35 miles. Then we turned east on a dirt road leading onto Spruce Mtn. This area is included on the "Spruce Mountain" topographic quadrangle issued in 1953 by the U.S. G.S. We drove up through a belt of Pinon-Juniper forest (fairly dense) and then through sagebrush and mountain mahogany to the top of a ridge just north of the main high ridge where a road turns off to the south and the top of the mountain (this road has just been built by a contractor constructing a television microwave relay station atop the mountain). This open saddle is at about 8500 feet elevation and contains several mines. It is open, grass, with low sage. The west face of the mountain from this saddle southward is covered by conifers, Bristlecone Pine and Limber Pine from about 7000 feet upward and White Fir between 6000 and 7000 feet. We drove over this saddle and down about 1/2 mile (100 feet in elevation) to the Black Forest Mine which is abandoned and in an old building of which we are camped. On this portion of the east slope there is timber including all three of the above conifers. On the north side of the draw we are camped on, however, the conifers are replaced by open sagebrush and mountain mahogany. The area is very dry and we have not seen any real stream. We are obtaining water from holes dug to catch a trickle coming down from a snowbank just under the ridgtop.

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R.J. Pratt 1956 43 Journal east side Spruce Mtn, 8400 ft, Elko Co, Nevada June 24 the slopes in this region are generally quite steep but the saddle where the road crosses the ridge just to the west of us is quite flat over an area several acres in extent. We arrived here at about 10 AM and spent the rest of the morning setting up camp. At about one 1 PM I went out for a couple of hours hunting in the conifers on the slopes to our south. I managed to shoot only 2 Chipping Sparrows from Limber Pines but saw Flickers, 2 Red-tailed Hawks, a Junco, Sparrow Hawk, Clark Nutcrackers and [illegible] Robins. I heard Mountain Chickadees, many Chipping Sparrows, Rock Wrens & House Wrens. A House Wren nest is built on the shack we occupy. I also saw some unidentified (probably Rough-winged) Swallows. Chipmunks were also seen and so was a young Golden-mantled Ground Squirrel near our shack. Two Poor-wills called for a while between about 8:30 PM and the time I went to sleep (c. 9:30 PM). The weather was quite warm during the day but cooled off in the evening when the wind started to blow. Spruce Mountain, 8400-11,000 ft, Elko Co, Nevada June 25 Got up at 5 AM to a deer, cool morning. I had set out 45 museum specials the night before part here around camp and in some tall cane grass and most up the slope to the south among the conifers.

{ "text": "Lammal\n\nabove all to the world, and in some sense to the whole of the world.\n\nPS again.\n\nIt had got its shop going once more. But it was not so easy as it had seemed at first sight when we were back with our relatives. It seems because we are two people, that it is a very difficult thing to do. I have been trying to find out how to start up a new business here in this country. The only thing I could think of was to make some kind of a shop for the sale of books and stationery. But when I tried to get hold of the necessary materials, I found that it was not easy to do so. There were many difficulties in getting the right kind of paper and ink. And then there was the problem of finding a suitable place to set up the shop. It seemed as if everything was against us.\n\nBut I thought I would try one more time. So I went to the local library and asked for help. They gave me some advice on how to start a new business. I decided to open a small bookshop. I bought some books from a local bookstore and started selling them at a reduced price. It seemed as if people were interested in buying books. But then something unexpected happened. A man came into the shop and asked if I had any novels. I said yes, but he looked disappointed. He said that he wanted to buy a specific novel which was not available in my shop. This made me realize that I needed to have a wider range of books in my shop.\n\nSo I went to another bookstore and bought some more books. I also started advertising my shop in the local newspaper. It seemed as if people were interested in buying books from my shop. But then something unexpected happened again. A woman came into the shop and asked if I had any cookbooks. I said yes, but she looked disappointed. She said that she wanted to buy a specific cookbook which was not available in my shop. This made me realize that I needed to have a wider range of books in my shop.\n\nSo I went to another bookstore and bought some more books. I also started advertising my shop in the local newspaper. It seemed as if people were interested in buying books from my shop. But then something unexpected happened again. A man came into the shop and asked if I had any novels. I said yes, but he looked disappointed. He said that he wanted to buy a specific novel which was not available in my shop. This made me realize that I needed to have a wider range of books in my shop.\n\nSo I went to another bookstore and bought some more books. I also started advertising my shop in the local newspaper. It seemed as if people were interested in buying books from my shop. But then something unexpected happened again. A woman came into the shop and asked if I had any cookbooks. I said yes, but she looked disappointed. She said that she wanted to buy a specific cookbook which was not available in my shop. This made me realize that I needed to have a wider range of books in my shop.\n\nSo I went to another bookstore and bought some more books. I also started advertising my shop in the local newspaper. It seemed as if people were interested in buying books from my shop. But then something unexpected happened again. A man came into the shop and asked if I had any novels. I said yes, but he looked disappointed. He said that he wanted to buy a specific novel which was not available in my shop. This made me realize that I needed to have a wider range of books in my shop.\n\nSo I went to another bookstore and bought some more books. I also started advertising my shop in the local newspaper. It seemed as if people were interested in buying books from my shop. But then something unexpected happened again. A woman came into the shop and asked if I had any cookbooks. I said yes, but she looked disappointed. She said that she wanted to buy a specific cookbook which was not available in my shop. This made me realize that I needed to have a wider range of books in my shop.\n\nSo I went to another bookstore and bought some more books. I also started advertising my shop in the local newspaper. It seemed as if people were interested in buying books from my shop. But then something unexpected happened again. A man came into the shop and asked if I had any novels. I said yes, but he looked disappointed. He said that he wanted to buy a specific novel which was not available in my shop. This made me realize that I needed to have a wider range of books in my shop.\n\nSo I went to another bookstore and bought some more books. I also started advertising my shop in the local newspaper. It seemed as if people were interested in buying books from my shop. But then something unexpected happened again. A woman came into the shop and asked if I had any cookbooks. I said yes, but she looked disappointed. She said that she wanted to buy a specific cookbook which was not available in my shop. This made me realize that I needed to have a wider range of books in my shop.\n\nSo I went to another bookstore and bought some more books. I also started advertising [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Spruce Mountain, 8400-10,000 ft, Elko Co., Nevada June 25 On checking them before breakfast I found 2 adult and 3 young Peromyscus maniculatus and one Microtus longicaudus. I kept only the 2 adult P. maniculatus. At about 7 AM we caught a ride with the crew working on the television station. They were coming up from the east and gave us a ride up to the saddle on the ridge top. We began to hike up toward the summit ridge, and on the way Ward shot a Vesper Sparrow in a sage bush. When we reached the level where the forest begins Ward cut toward the forest and I continued up the slope toward the south. In a short lone pine tree I heard a Rock Wren singing and shot it. At that point I picked up a ride in with the construction crew going up to the summit in a jeep. I rode with them to the summit at about 11,000 feet where I saw Mountain Bluebirds and a Rock Wren. I dropped down a few hundred feet onto the timbered west slope of the mountain and contoured around to the north. The slopes here are rock (of marble mainly) and covered with an open stand of Limber and Bristle Cone Pines. Many of the pines are dead. There is little undergrowth and little reproduction by the pines. Lower down about 1500 feet in elevation I could see the belt of White Fir which looked like much thicker timber. In the pines I saw only several Violet-green Swallows, one Turkey,

about to get to the end of this story So yeah. The whole band I felt like we did such good work, and retreat on how much money every year people were coming. The whole band is just fine but it's not unique, we were all there for a while and an NBT took it pretty one year, nothing's missing out or going out of my brain in the end I was too old and so did it myself and, yet again, I'm still looking now. It's no less, split from us all have continued finding ways to manage requests for a tour and this band is good enough with every level of listener all around again, all of them that I had heard all over here in Brazil, I was doing some tours and then a little bit later, I finally felt like the whole band proper in Timor and it's up to you, we're not trying out of the whole to Timor but it will be the one I enjoy a lot for another international tour. I make that only feel behind sets more because I could just be 'a musician' and do something good all day every day, yeah! It's hard at it became somewhat expensive because live (when observed) for it to work, ideas and things has added to both still have this experience still in my head one song all before I took over again, using all of my resources in order to find it. That is where I am today as I was at it, and I'm adult down all back ``` ```

R.J. Raitt 1956 45. Journal Spruce Mountain, 8400-11,000 ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 25 Vulture and one Junco. I heard a Ruby-throated Hillingbird, singing Hermit Thrushes, Mountain Chickadees, and Rock Wrens. After working through the pines for 1/2-2 hours I emerged into the open grassland-lowsage above the saddle and saw two Mountain Bluebirds, one of which I shot. I then dropped down onto the east side of the mountain and the top of the ridge directly behind and above our camp. Here in the edge of the mixed fir-pine forest I heard Chipping Sparrows and in a limber pine I saw and collected a g Williamson Sapsucker. I then dropped down to the north to camp passing through some fairly dense firs where I collected a Junco and a Mountain Chickadee. The rest of the day I spent skinning. The poor-will called near camp starting at about 8:45 pm but we couldn't get a shot. I saw several bats at about the same time but got no shots at them either. During the afternoon I checked my trapline and and found 3 chipmunks, all slipping badly. During the day we saw and heard from camp Robin's, Western Flycatcher, Clark Nutcracker, Mountain Chickadees, Hermit Thrushes, Green-tailed Towhee, Chipping Sparrows, Rock Wrens, House Wrens and Juncos. The weather was clear and warm during the day but cooled off when the sun went down and the wind came up. and Ward collected one. Many bats were seen.

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J.Rait 1956 46 Journal cast side Spruce Mtn., 8400-8800 ft. ELKO Co, Nevada June 26 Arose at 5 AM as usual and checked my trapline - in the same locations as the previous night. I caught only 1 Microtus longicaudus . At about 4-4:30 in the morning the local House Wren began singing and had barely stopped at all by 7 AM so I shot him. However, he was only wounded and escaped me. At the time I shot him he was bringing nesting material to the pile of twigs in the team attached to the shack. I hunted for about 3 hours in the firs and pines on the slope above and to the south west of our camp. Up near the top of the ridge at about 8800 feet I spotted a g Williamson Sapsucker flying back and forth between two patches of timber. After missing several wing shots I finally shot her from a dead fir tree. Very near to this spot I shot a male of the same species from the dead top of a fir tree. On this ridge-top area I also saw Chipping Sparrows, a singing Ruby-crowned Kinglet, an Audubon Warbler & Western Flycatchers. I heard singing Hermit Thrushes, Mountain Chickadees and Rock Wrens . When I got back to camp I saw a Red-shafted Flicker in a fir tree right above camp and shot it. Checking my trapline in the late morning I found 2 young Golden-mantled Ground Squirrels. In the early afternoon Ward spotted an adult of this species struggling in one of my traps. We retrieved it for a specimen. In the evening at about 8:45 we heard Poo-wilk calling again and Ward collected one. Quite a few

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R.J. Raitt 1956 47 Journal E side Spruce Mtn., 8400-8800+ ft., Elko Co., Nevada June 26 bats were seen flying just before dark but I was unable to get a good shot because they were all flying low. Just at dark I saw a Horned owl flying up the draw. It failed to respond to calling. Word set a mist net across the mouth of a low mine tunnel next to our camp and caught about 35 bats (Myotis evotis & Myotis sp.? ) in it, in about 2 1/2 hours. Most of them were caught entering the tunnel. June 27 Today we got up at the usual time and I left camp to hunt at about 6:30 AM. I hunted in the draw just over the low ridge to the south of camp in the firs and pines. I heard Hermit Thrushes and House Wrens and Mountain chickadees singing and collected a Junco. Then I heard a Hairy Woodpecker drumming, across the draw and spent about an hour stalking it before I finally collected it. Later I heard another one drumming. I saw a Prairie Falcon flying over the canyon and heard and saw Rufous Warblers and Chipping Sparrows. I was particularly looking for Ruby-crowned Kinglets but neither saw nor heard them. Nor did I see any more Yellow-bellied Sapsuckers although I hunted through the same area where I collected the others.

[illegible] I had crab salad two nights ago now and some fish quail this past e top of chicken and beared o was I hard to feel not fright like it because it didn't I wonk off so quickly how to House it once for time a try know, pudies things too been given me at turn hasn't come out a . tin ( is intails or illness either) and 2 E two-do pasta things and with the truth even 1/2 trade in Tomcat off I had crab salad off to go top me about I am too trade to touch at quail, but of spider web, off now they wonk off in between bread I winq two oil still quest House off? methinks too come surely has collected herself , and a botchles has popped out of the pumpkinsstales which you'll a bread I will pullets and so trade trip has wonk off once bread I noted it botchles then if I ended it what sirious o was I prepared an eating outlook where had been more all two people too pretending can I remember picking her ride off I was noties to help'd because of the pastel even you see I did not want hoped you not bad I asked the ladies? helloing with with all what I over was, off spirit

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal 48 E side spruce Mtn. 8400 ± ft, Elko Co., Nevada June 27 In spite of such a smell take I returned to camp early because I had several specimens left over from the previous day. In the evening it was warmer than any yet at this camp and many bats were flying, but again they were flying low, and I failed to bring any down in several shots. We strung up mist nets across the mouths of two large mine tunnels in the main workings just below camp. We caught one Myotis in one before we went to bed. We left them up all night. Again we heard Poor-wills calling. W side spruce Mtn. at Sprucemont ft. Elko Co., Nev. June 28 We ate breakfast and then broke camp this morning and descended the mountain by the same road we had ascended at about 7:30 AM. We arrived at a point just a few hundred yards below the old townsite of sprucemont. We hunted there in a rather flat Pinion-Juniper-Mtn. Mahogany forest for about 2-3 hours. There were quite a few Scrub Jays which came calling rather readily to my squeaking. I collected 5 of them. I also saw and heard Black-throated Gray Warblers, Bush-tits and Mountain Chickadees. I collected one of the warblers and 2 of the Bush-tits (both young) from a flock of about 12.

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1956 R.J. Paul Journal Mojave River, 1400-1450 ft., Afton, San Bernardino Co., Calif. December 26, 1956 Wife, Imogene, and I left Ventura this morning and arrived at Afton at about 2:30 PM. The area is changed somewhat from its aspect when we were here last spring. There is a rather large construction camp along the railroad about 1/2 mile west of Afton and just opposite our camp (with the Lewis) of last spring. The dirt road running parallel to and between the river and the railroad which formerly ended just a few yards beyond our old campsite has been extended downstream (east) to the point where the river bends to the south and the railroad crosses it and enters a tunnel. This is about 1/2 mile from our old campsite. The purpose of the railroad construction camp is to repair the tunnel and thus is considerable vehicle traffic along the road between the camp and the tunnel and the camp and the highway. The former plank bridge of the road crossing the Mojave River between Afton and the highway has been replaced by an earth fill containing pipe culverts for the stream to pass through. The main effects of the construction camp are increased human activity (and disturbance to fauna) in the area around the camp which includes mainly the rather dense screwbean thicket in which we camped last spring and in which we collected scrub jays and an Oriole among others; and the actual destruction of habitat including part of the screwbean thicket

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R.J. Raitt 1956 2 journal Mojave River, 1400-1450 ft., Afton, San Bernardino Co., Calif. December 26, 1956 In order to run a pipeline from the camp to the river and the low, marshy spot between the road and the railroad where we collected Red-winged Blackbirds - now filled in and immediately adjacent to the camp. Because of the presence of the construction camp we decided not to camp at our old site (although this would have been possible) and camped instead where the boy scouts had been camped in the spring - that is just west of the crossing of the river by the road, 1/2-3/4 miles west of Afton. At about 3 pm we started hunting upstream from the river crossing following the stream closely. We followed up the south side of the stream to the pond set against the cliff downending the south side of the canyon (This is the pond where I shot the Snipe, Yellow-throat and other last spring). The total distance upstream is about 1 mile. On the way back to camp we partly paralleled our route upstream on the north side of the stream. Arrived back in camp at about 5 pm. Perched on the railroad bridge near our camp and occasionally flying overhead along the railroad were flocks of Brewer Blackbirds varying in number from 2 to about 25. The railroad bridge superstructure seemed to be an attractive perch in the afternoon as they flew to it from both east and west. When they came from from the west I don't know but last spring we saw them along the railroad and around the

R.J. Raite 1956 3 Journal Mojave River, 1400-1450 ft., Afton, San Bernardino Co., Calif. December 26, 1956 buildings at Afton last spring. Whenever we approached the stream itself we detected Marsh Wrens in the most of the thick growths of Scirpus(?) lining the banks in narrow strips. Golden-crowned Sparrows were seen in flocks in the areas of more broken vegetation containing scattered Screw-lemon, Chilopsis and a shrub that looks like Tamarisk. Probably there were two different flocks of about 10-12 each, but they were moving through the area and we may have seen across the same one twice. Most of the birds seen were in the vicinity of the pond which is surrounded by dense clumps of Tall Screw-lemon. Foraging over the area at a height of 20-30 yards were two White-throated Skuafts, one of which I collected (on the fly,) Feeding in the screw lemon and out over the pond were a Say Phoebe, Black Phoebe, Audubon Warbler, Ruby-crowned Kinglet, Western Gnatcatcher. The latter two species were also seen in a thick stand of Arrowweed. At this area a Kinglet and 1 Gnatcatcher were collected. A Black Phoebe was collected shortly thereafter in a low screw lemon on the bank of the stream near the pond. In a marshy spot next to the stream a Wilson Snipe was flushed. Two Killdees were seen along the stream at a point where its banks are bare except for grass (Distichla). Six Ducks (Mallards & tehears)

R.J. Pratt 1956 Journal Mojave River, 1400-1450 ft., Afton, San Bernardino Co., Calif. December 26, 1956 flushed off of the pond as we approached. The circled upstream and landed after a few minutes. As we got back to camp at dusk two quail (Gambel I assume) flushed out of the brush between the road and the railroad, flew at a height of several yards over the open area on which we camped, and alighted in a thick clump of screw bean and mesquite about 50 yards north of camp. It was too dark to try to pursue them. Actually my wife flushed them after I had already passed through the area from which they flushed. We heard no vocalization from them. In general it appears that birds are much scarcer in the area than they were in the spring - and much more silent too. Although it was very windy on the coast when we left there is practically no wind on the desert. The day was clear and warm (high sixties or low 70's). The temperature dropped rapidly when the sun went down and the night is quite cold. December 27, 1956 After a very cold night (ice 2" thick formed on the water in the bucket) we ate breakfast and started to hunt at about 8 AM. We hunted for about 2 hours in the scattered clumps of mesquite interspersed by sand and stipplex between the railroad and the wally edge west of our camp. In this area we heard a Gambel Quail call from the screw bean thicket where we

R.J. Raith 1956 Journal Mojave River, 1400-1450 ft., Afton, San Bernardino Co., Calif. December 27, 1956 had seen them take refuge last night. The call was so close to that of the Calif. Vireil "assembly call" that I would not have been able to distinguished it from one. We managed to flush one up, but it flew away without my getting a shot, and I was unable to flush it from [illegible] any of the clumps of mesquite toward which it flew. In fact we heard and saw no more of any goral the rest of the time, in spite of much looking. We also saw a group of about 6 Desert Sparrows feeding on the ground near a mesquite. Several Phainopeplas were seen at or near the tops of mesquites giving high-pitched squaks and always flushing at long distances from me. At least twelve Rock Wrens were seen in the atriplex and on the ground foraging. Just before we left camp a Cactus Wren flew through the camp area alighting in screw bean bushes. In a low spot near the railroad I collected a Bewick Wren out of an isolated clump of thickly growing tall (3'-5') cone-like grass. We returned to camp at about 10 AM and then headed downstream on the north side of the river to a point just above our camp of last spring. Then we crossed the stream and walked down the road to its end, after which we returned to camp by way of the road. We saw another

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R.J. Pratt 1956 Journal Mojave River, 1400-1450 ft.; Afton, San Bernardino Co., Calif. December 27, 1956 small group of Desert Sparrows in low shrubs (atriplex?) in an area of scattered shrubs in sand. Nearly all along the stream again were the thick growths of Scirpus. Ammop and in response to my "buzzing" a Marsh Wren would "answer" nearly each time. One of them was collected from the Scirpus. An Audubon Warbler was seen in the tall Screwbean trees lining the stream. In the Screwbean thicket near our old campsite we saw White-crowned Sparrows - one of which was singing, - and four Meadowlarks. The latter were perched in the trees close to the railroad camps and were not seen in the grassy strip where they were seen in the spring. From a perch atop the cliff bounding the north side of the wally a Prairie Falcon flew upstream out of sight. Along the last half mile of the road, which is the part newly bulldozed are several small ponds apparently formed in low spots where bulldozers had scooped out earth in building the road. One of these, apparently of greater age as it was surrounded by reeds and contained thick growths of Scirpus contained a Mallet Duck and at least 2 Coots. Several Ay Phoeles were foraging over the several hundred yards of the small ponds. Back around Afton and the railroad bridge we again saw Brewer Blackbirds totaling about 50. In a marshy, open pool

R.J. Paul 1956 Journal Mojave Basin, 1400-1450 ft., Alton, San Bernardino Co. Calif. December 27, 1956 of the creek just downstream from the road crossing we flushed a Wilson Snipe. We returned to camp at about 1 PM, rested for a while, ate lunch, and then I went out again from about 3:45 PM. While we were in camp we observed a Shrike flying about occasionally from one mesquite to another in the area just west of camp. This afternoon I went directly south to the stream bed where there are thick growths of Arrowweed and Mesquite and where we saw quail last spring. There were no quail and in fact few birds of any kind. A white-throated Swift was foraging low over the stream bed. A Verdin (the only one seen in contrast to their ubiquitousness last spring) moved past me from perch to perch in screwbean. In an opening in a clump of Arrowweed I saw a Sylphid but am not sure of the species and I was unable to shoot it. Having poor luck I headed upstream past the railroad bridge where two Say Phoebe were feeding out on the stream. Just beyond the road crossing a squeaked up a Song Sparrow from a clump of low screwbean adjacent to the stream and collected it. Soon after I returned to camp we ate dinner and then decided to go back to Ventura so we left at about 6 PM. The day was warm again, but it cooled off quickly after sundown. Again we were impressed by the relative scarcity of birds.

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R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Sequim area, Clallam Co., Washington August 17, 1956 We arrived at Dungeness Forks campground yesterday afternoon and set up camp. This morning we left camp about 8:30 (PST) and drove back out to the back road between Sequim and Quilcene and headed south on that road for about a mile until we reached the point where the Dungeness River Trail takes off from the road and heads down into the canyon of the Dungeness River. We walked down this trail for about a mile and then back and drove back to camp arriving at about noon. Nearly the entire area henceabouts is dense Douglas Fir forest containing also alders, western redcedars, and maybe a small number of others unknown to me. The undergrowth is of variable density, composed of young alders, Thimbleberry, Bracken ferns, Ribes and others. There are numerous fallen trees which are covered with mats of moss. The main forest trees are of a mature age with few branches less than 30 feet above the ground. There is little reproduction by these trees. On the way up the short cut off road we saw a couple of Ruffed Grouse beside the road on the edge of the rav, dense young alders and shrubs lining the road. I shot one not realizing it was a young bird until I

Dear April 15, 1976 I'm sorry to hear of the recent accident that happened at the camp. The fact that you had to go back out to the lake and swim after what happened is something that I'm sure will not be forgotten. I hope that you are able to get over this quickly and return to your normal activities. Please let me know if there is anything else I can do to help. Best regards, [illegible]

R.J.Raith 1956 2 Journal Sequim area, Clallam Co., Washington August 17, 1956 had it in hand. Along the Dungeness Trail we saw and mainly heard a flock of Chestnut-backed Chickadees flying and feeding about 70-80 feet up in the foliage. Mixed in with this flock or close to, it were some golden-crowned Kinglets, one of which I collected. Also in this mature forest near an opening we saw a Creeper, and a Piloted Warbler Empidonax flycatcher feeding young, and heard a Red-breasted Nuthatch. At the head of the trail 2 Gray Jays flew silently and swiftly past me before I could shoot one. Several times during the morning, chickarees or chipmunks answered my squeaking. Numerous dead snags with woodpecker workings on them were seen but no woodpeckers were seen or heard. Oregon Juncos were seen in small groups at intervals throughout the morning. On the way back to camp later in the morning another young Ruffed Grouse was seen on the edge of the road where I shot the one earlier. No birds were seen, or heard, in the tall alders lining the rivers in the campground nor in the dense growth of Rubus near our camp nor in fact any where in the campground. The sky was clear and the weather warm all day.

R.J-Rath 1956 3 Journal Sequim area, Clallam Co. Washington August 18, 1956 This morning we left camp and drove in towards Sequim and hunted in a logged-over area for about 2 hours (7:30-9:30) without seeing any birds. The area contains a few small alders and Douglas fir, broken fern, various shrubs and many stumps and fallen logs. It covers about 4 acres. We also penetrated a Douglas fir forest at the edge of the brushy area. We heard one Red-breasted Nuthatch in the forest. A Raven circled the area for a few minutes croaking. Then we drove farther towards Sequim and hunted around a garbage dump where we saw a few Northwest Crows but could not get a shot. We then drove into Sequim then turned west on the Olympic Highway for several miles and turned south again on the slab Camp Road. We drove up this road into the Olympic National Forest to the point where the road used to cross McDonald Creek. Since the bridge was out we turned around and drove back to camp, arriving at about 1:30. Near the edge of the national forest in some thick young alders we saw 2 Blue Grouse which I collected (didn't keep the juvenile). A mile or so within the forest boundary we saw some Gray Jays in a

R.J.Raitt 1956 4 Journal Sequim area, Clallam Co., Washington August 18, 1956 small swampy area bordering a stream lined with a few Douglas Firs. I got out of the car and shot 3, 2 adults, one immature. There were at least 2 more in the group and I also saw a Stellar Jay nearby but couldn't get it. Another Stellar Jay was seen and heard calling from a Doug fir farther down the road but it flew away when I got out of the car. on our way up out of the Dungeness Canyon this morning we saw some Ruffed Grouse on the road near the spot where I shot the one yesterday. In the group there were 2 of the size we saw yesterday and one much larger one. I tried to get the big one but missed. After dark this evening I gave Horned Owl and Screech Owl calls but in the dense forest near the camp - ground but heard no birds. The weather was clear and warm all day. No birds in camp. August 19, 1956 Today we hunted for from about 7:30-10:30 in the dense forests at the head of the Dungeness River trail again. The weather was sunny and warm again. We saw very few birds. A Horned Owl flushed out of a tree Doug fir and flew silently away out of sight into the thicker forest. A few times Golden- crowned Kinglets were heard high overhead but we

Journal August 18, 1976 bail me to a point of more emphasis. I'm not too far off in my guess and I think the correct order is, "What's the best echo? I know there are some that feel the F-10 top table has had good luck selling so just pulling back for now was a good call. Nothing had been left over but if we need a new one we'll go to the top I will give you no reason to complain at 'the top' you may do it on your own terms and not get in our way. I'd just say that I only hope you can keep yourself out of it. I know what you're at so I guess I'll be seeing you soon and we'll probably cut back with less because there's no job for the lawyer here to watch over. I promise you will never have to deal with me. It was not hard to find that having no one who is going to help us more than now September 20, 1976 at a 0801-085 trade and we had our first hunt and responded with the best art to shoot with more money for repairs and insurance. Maybe behind some bombs? I think not but may still be going after it with his own goal sent into two -nding sort of it, from where he also told us But last year had been a different story.

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Sequim area, Clallam Co., Washington August 19, 1956 saw none. In response (apparently) to my horned owl hooting several Oregon Juncos came within a few yards giving "chip" notes and several Gray Jays began to give notes and approached us but when they were about 50 yards away they apparently spotted us and flew on away silently. Near where the trail leaves the road another lone Gray Jay flew across the trail over our heads and landed a few yards away on a low limb of a Doug fir, and I collected it. No birds were seen in camp the rest of the day - nor on the road. August 20, 1956 Again today we hunted the head of the Dungeness River trail - from about 730-10.00 A.M. We flushed a small group (3-4) of young Ruffed Grouse out of a small opening in the forest next to the trail. They flew a few seconds apart into the dense forest upslope. There may have been an adult in company with them as one bird made more noise flying. I followed the birds upslope over numerous fallen logs and caught sight of one or two several times as they ran over the ground ahead of me. They uttered "cheep" notes in long series for several seconds then remained silent for a varying length of time (10-120? sec) and then "cheeped" again. They appeared to be of very nearly the same

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R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Sequim area, Clallam Co., Washington August 20, 1956 size as the one I collected 3 days ago. When I pressed them closely (about 10 yards away) they ran faster and got away, but flew only when we first flushed them out of the clearing. We also saw one Gray Jay which came calling when I gave it a firm wave. I approached close enough to enable it to be identified as a juvenile so it was not collected. We also saw a flock of about 6 Chestnut-backed Chickadees foraging through Douglas firs near the road. They were uttering a great many notes and were lower to the ground than they had been previously in the area, probably because the trees were younger and had foliage as low as 20 ft above the ground. They were moving as a group and passed out of carshot in about 7-10 min.) We also saw a Red-shafted Flicker feeding quietly at the base of a stump (stump) about 1 foot above the ground. It seemed to be very shy and flew away quickly when we were several yards away. Also, a Creeper was seen foraging up the trunk of a Douglas fir. At about 10 AM we went back to the car and drove back to the campground from where we hiked about 1/2 mile up the Gray Wolf trail and back. The trail follows the river closely and passes through riparian alders and then back into a moist, dense Doug fir forest. In the 90-100

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R.J.Raith 1956 Journal Sequim area, Clallam Co., Washington August 20, 1956 minutes of hunting we saw only an Steller Jay high in a Doug fir on a cliff above the river and a winter Wren in the very moist, mossy forest near Camp Colonial. We broke camp at about 3 PM after having seen or heard only one unidentified bird in the campground during our entire stay. we drove into Port Townsend and then out to Old Fort Townsend State Park where we saw a J Blue Grouse near the road as we [illegible] entered the park. I forgot to mention that we saw a water Ousel foraging in the Dungeness River just above its junction with the Gray Wolf. Big Quilcene Valley, 1700-3800 ft; Jefferson Co., Wash. August 21, 1956 Today we packed up the Big Quilcene Trail to try to do some collecting at higher elevations in the region of Marmot Pass. We left the end of the road (now 2 miles below the Bork shanty, it's former terminus) at 10 AM. we hiked up the Big Quil trail, which travels through dense forests & staying generally close to the river, which is a rather swiftly flowing rocky, mountain stream. At about 3:30 PM we had hiked about 8 miles to reach Shelter Rock where there is a rather decrepit old log cabin, but plenty of flat ground near the stream for a place to make camp. so we did.

R.J. Raitt 1956 Journal Big Quilcene Valley, 1700-3800 ft, Jefferson Co, Wash. August 21, 1956 On the way in we saw very little of any vertebrates. At about 2000 feet we saw a Water Ouzel foraging in the river where the trail crosses Wet Weather Creek (near the Ten mile shelter), at an elevation of about 2500 feet, we spotted and collected an Ascaphus sitting on a rock at the edge of this narrow rushing stream. It seemed to be sunning itself as it was first seen in one of the few small patches of sunlight pene- trating the dense high canopy of the mature forest. These were the only vertebrates we saw although it must be admitted that we were concentrating on carrying our packs up the trail. Occasionally in camp we heard bird notes from the canopy at height 100 to 150 feet above us but the birds were not identified (or even seen). The forest in camp is mature Spruce, Red fir (Thuja), Hemlock, Doug fir with practically no special riparian growth. Big Quilcene Valley, 3800-6000 ft, Jefferson Co, Wash. August 22, 1956 We left camp at about 7:30 this morning and hunted up along the Big Quil Trail. We arrived at Marmot Pass (6000 ft) at about noon

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R.J.Raiff 1957 Journal 2 mi. W Reyes Pk, 7000+ft., Pine Mtn., Ventura Co., Calif. April 20, 1957 My father, my wife and I drove up to the campground on Reyes Pk. yesterday afternoon arriving at about 5 PM. The route was by way of the Ventura-Maricopa Highway, U.S. 399. A few hundred yards before we would have passed the Pine Mountain summit we turned off to the right (northeast) on a rutted dirt road. This road was originally paved, at least in part, but has deteriorated greatly. It ascends quickly to the top of the ridge of Pine Mountain and then travels east along or near this ridge top. The road extends about 7.5 miles and ends at an abandoned oil well site on Reyes Peak. The campground where we stayed was 5.0 miles by speed- ometer from the turn-off from the highway. Pine Mountain here at its western end runs almost true east-west and separates the Cuyama River drainage to the north from the headwaters of the Sespe River to the south. The ridge in the region of the camp is relatively flat on top with a strip of moderately sloping ground on top about 200 yards wide, dropping off very steeply to the north and south. From about the 6500-foot level the top of the ridge is covered by an open forest of Yellow pine with scattered White Firs, often in clumps of two to four. This emergent forest extends down several hundred yards (maybe more - it was difficult to see because of low clouds) on the north slope, but on the south edge of the ridge the Yellow pines-White Firs break off very

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R.J. Raitt 1957 2 Journal 2 mi. W Reyes Pk., 7000±ft, Pine Mtn, Ventura Co., Calif. April 20, 1957 abruptly as does the slope itself. The south slope then is largely chaparral covered with species of ceanothus, Arcto- staphylos and with chamise. Pinyon Pines and Junipers are also present in restricted areas. Nearly all of my observations were confined to the area near the campground in the Yellow pine- White Fir forest. The pines outnumber the first about 10 to 1 and nearly all of the trees are spaced several several yards apart. There are numerous fallen pine trees and about 10% of the trees are dead or dying. There are some young trees but most of the individuals appear to be old (about 3 feet in diameter at baze). There are a few low shrubs which are still leafless and evergreen some larger, shrubs in clumps. I don't know either of these 2 main understory species. There is also a considerable amount of 1-2 foot high grass, some alive but most dead. The ground is covered by a carpet of pine needles and numerous fresh pine cones were on the ground beneath the trees. In sheltered areas there were still small deposits of snow on the ground when we arrived yesterday. Yesterday as we arrived it was very cloudy and the clouds were sitting low on the mountain. Also it was very cold (20c). As it was somewhat late we had to spend most of the time until dark setting up camp and gathering wood. But I did see and hear white-headed Woodpeckers, Steller Jays, Oregon Juncos and chickadees (species undetermined). Also we saw a Mountain Quail and a Gray squirrel and heard a

R.J. Raitt 1957 3 Journal 2 mi. W Reyes Pk, 7000 ft., Pine Mtn, Ventura Co., Calif. April 20, 1957 Horned owl calling. At about 9 PM was heard an owl calling about 200 yards from camp. I went over to the area with flashlight and shotgun. It was in a clump of firs apparently about 70 feet above the ground. I tried to get some eye shine with the flashlight pointing it from many different angles and all through the trees, but I never did see the bird so after 40-50 minutes I gave up and went to bed. During that time the owl flew to another clump of firs and then back again. Nearly all of the time it continued to call in the same fast strong fashion. This calling consisted of long series of short notes all similar given at intervals of one second or slightly less. The calling was quite regular, and each series lasted many seconds without a break, sometimes several minutes. A series began with several notes given in rapid succession decelerating to the slower, regular pace. The calling continued with only short interruptions until I went to sleep at about 10:30 PM. Later in the evening we all heard two Horned Owls hooting close to camp. It was very cold last night, and ice formed on the water in the bucket about an inch thick. This morning the clouds were still hanging low over the mountain, and it remained cold so that coffee froze in the bottom of the cups. We finished breakfast and I began hunting close to camp a little before 7 AM. Numbers of Band-tailed Pigeons were flying about the area; others were perched in trees, and one group of at least 12 were feeding on the ground at the base of a large pine.

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R.J.Raett 1957 Journal 2 mi. W Reyes Pk., 7000+ft, Pine Mtn, Ventura Co., Calif. April 20, 1957 Steller Jays were in the area all morning generally in groups of about 4-6. In the main there were moving through the trees and in the high foliage. They were moving so much and so high that I was unable to collect one although they were not extremely shy. I collected two White-headed Woodpeckers, and Stone's both from high in dead Yellow Pines. Birds of this species were very active, flying from tree to tree, drumming, and calling all morning. During the morning I heard one Red-shafted Flicker calling. Chickadees were heard calling "chuck-a-see" frequently from the heavy foliage of younger pines and firs. Once I heard the song of a Mountain Chickadee and I collected one from the foliage of a young pine. Groups of several Pygmy Nuthatches were seen several times moving through the foliage and twittering. I collected 4 of them from low foliage of young pines. I also collected a Creeper from the trunk of a fir. Juncos were feeding on the ground and moving through the trees in large groups. I collected 3 of them. Groups of Finches, most of them House Finches I think, were also in the area, high in the trees. I collected one House Finch. I hunted from about 7AM until about 8:15 AM. At first the clouds were quite low, at the level of the tree tops, shortly before 8 it began to snow quite steadily and by the time we left at about 8:20 AM there was about an inch on the ground. Thus all morning the visibility and illumination were quite low, and the temperature cold. Poor hunting conditions!

R.J.Raith 1957 Journal Sawmill Mtn.; 5200+ ft., 7mi. W, 2 mi. N Lake Hughes, Los Angeles Co. Calif. December 26, 1957 Wife and I left Lancaster at about 8:30 AM and drove to Lake Hughes. From there we drove up Pini Canyon (i.e. in a WNW direction) about 4 miles just beyond a U.S. Forest Service Guard station to the point where a dirt to the south road branches off to Upper Shake Camp, Sawmill Mountain and Atmore Meadows. This road branches off beyond (i.e. west) of the turn-off to Lower Shake Camp. The road is narrow, winding and steep and now is rutted by fall rain off. About 2 miles up is a turn-off to the left to Upper Shake Camp. A little over 3 miles from the highway the road reaches the top of Sawmill Ridge. At this point the road to Sawmill Mtn summit and Sawmill Mtn Campground comes in from the northwest along the top of the ridge. A road (with a gate) comes in from the opposite direction also. I believe the latter road branches off of the Lake Hughes - Castaic road (paved). Another dirt road leads from this point (top of Sawmill Ridge) toward the southwest to Burnt Peak. We traveled along about 2 miles the top of the ridge, to the summit and Sawmill Mtn campground. The campground lies about 1/4 miles below the summit and north of it, but the campground is visible from the summit road. This map crudely shows relation ships of localities: to German Guard station Sawmill Mt. Campgrounds 4+ mi. Lower Shake Camp Upper Shake Camp Stones, Gas stations Resorts Lake Hughes to Castaic Burnt Peak to Atmore Mdw N 1.

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R.J. Ratt 1957 2 Journal Dec. 26 Sawmill Mtn, 5200+ ft., 7mi. W, 2mi. N Lake Hughes, Los Angeles Co., Calif. The older maps do not show this dirt road, but the newer (dates?) editions of the Automobile Club of So. Calif. map of Los Angeles and Vicinity show it very well. We arrived at the summit at about 10 AM and collected in the vicinity until about 4 PM. The main ridge of the mountain is fairly level for a length of about 1½-2 miles, but it is narrow with a level area only about 30-50 yards wide on top sloping off very steeply to the south but more gradually to the north. The vegetation on this summit area is dominated by yellow pines. They are not very thick but are rather sparse and occur in small clumps. For the most part they are large and tall. There are numerous dead ones both standing and fallen. The other main tree in the summit area is a deciduous oak (Q. ) which is quite abundant. They are without leaves and have shed a good crop of acorns. On the south edge of the summit the pines break off sharply, and a dense chaparral occupies the steep slope. To the north the forest extends down slope for about ¼-½ miles. On the north slope of the mountain the sheltered draws contain stands of Bigcone Spruce at elevations as low as about 4000ft and this tree occurs on three sides of the Yellow Pine stand—north, east and west. It also occurs in the summit area in two draws that extend down from the top toward the north. The northern, lower edge of the yellow pines is a mixture of the yellow pines, Bigcone Spruce and a few Bigger Pines. The understory of the pine-Pseudotsuga forest is largely grass.

R.J. Raitt 1957 3 Journal Dec. 26 Sawmill Mtn, 5200 ft, 7mi W, 2mi N Lake Hughes, Los Angeles Co, Calif. There are a few low shrubs which appear to be deciduous. The lower edge of the forest contains a few clumps of a species of Ceanothus. Young pines are quite sparse, but there are a few clumps of very young trees under the canopy of larger ones. The same is true of the Bigcone Spruce. There are very few if any outcroppings of rock on the summit area, but the ground is covered by a coarse soil, apparently of granitic origin. The weather was clear and sunny but cold and windy all day long. In shaded areas the frost remained all day long. About noon the wind increased in velocity and remained very strong all afternoon. It was from the north and west. Birds were not in very great evidence. Oregon Juncos were the most abundant and were feeding in flocks throughout the area, particularly in the open campground. Acorn Woodpeckers were also much in evidence. Nearly all of the seed pine trees contained very many of their storage holes, many full of acorns. They were calling frequently in the morning but less often in the afternoon (correlated with the rising wind & falling temperature?). They were quite shy and I failed to collect one although I passed up chances during the morning. Pymy Nuttall's were seen several times in both oaks and conifers, usually in groups of about 6. I collected a solitary individual from an oak. In the lower area I saw 2 White-breasted Nuthatches in the oaks & Digger Pines and collected one. Mountain Chickadees were common and were seen

Journal Dec. 26 Sawmill Mtn, 5200+ ft, 7mi W, 2mi N Lake Hughes, Los Angeles Co, Calif in groups and singly. They were calling throughout the area most of the day. I collected 3 from one group of 5 or 6 that were in some deciduous and live oaks. Several times Plain Titmice were heard calling [illegible] on the lower slope and I collected one from a [illegible]. Steller Jays were seen or heard occasionally throughout the day. These birds were very shy and kept out of sight and at a distance of several yards. Since the sightings of them were separated by several minutes and they were very mobile, I can't estimate their abundance. I finally collected 2 out of a group of 3 or 4 in some yellow pines on the very summit. One Yellow-bellied Sapsucker was seen feeding high in a yellow pine and was collected. Also seen were a Red-tailed Hawk flying low over the summit, a Cooper Hawk in the forest, a Fox Sparrow in the chaparral at the lower edge of the pines and a Wildcat in the open summit area. No chipmunks were seen. Nor were any White-headed Woodpeckers, for which I was particularly searching. In general, bird life was very sparse or particularly inactive. The low temperature and high winds probably were responsible for the inactivity and certainly were responsible for the dif- ficulty in detecting those that were present.

R.J. Raitt 1957 Journal Dec.28 2 mi. W Reyes Peak, 7000 ft., Pine Mtn., Ventura Co., Calif. Arrived at the same campground where we camped last April at about 4 PM. The weather was clear but cold and a stiff northern breeze was blowing. The sun was off the mountain top, but it was light until about 5 PM. Until dark I hunted the level open area around the campground but all I saw were numerous Oregon Juncos in the shrubs around the campground. No other birds were seen or heard. The evening was cold, [illegible], but the wind slacked off a bit. The moon was about 1/4 and was straight overhead at about 9 PM. For about an hour between 8 PM-9 PM I hunted the pine forest and the thicker pine-fir clumps for owls but neither saw nor heard any. Dec 29 Arose at about 7 AM on a clear but quite cold morning. The wind had abated considerably during the night. It began to become noticeably light at about 6:30 AM. For about 2 hours between 7-9 AM in between starting the fire, getting eating breakfast and packing the car I hunted the area around the campgrounds. Birds were much more in evidence than they were last night. Oregon Juncos were moving through the area in large numbers, keeping close to the ground for the most part. One flock numbered at least 100. Western Bluebirds were present and at least one group of about 6 was flying from high treetop to another calling frequently. I collected one from the top of a tall dead pine. White-breasted Nuthatches were working in the pines, usually at moderate or low levels and were calling almost constantly. Steller Jays were present and

R.J.Raiff 1957 Journal Dec 29 2 mi. W Rye's Peak, 7000 ft, Pine Mtn, Ventura Co, Calif. calling intermittently all morning. They were very shy and glimpsed only rarely. Finally after missing me and stalking this me for several minutes I collected one out of some young pines right in the campground. Mountain Chickadees were present and calling intermittently. They appeared to keep moving fairly constantly and seemed to be singles, keeping mainly to the higher parts of the yellow pines & White Firs. Twittering from higher parts of trees among foliage were birds assumed to be Pygmy Nuthatches. As I was con- centrating on White-headed Woodpeckers I did not examine them closely at this time but later in the morning (11:30 AM) identified them in the same area, Feeding in groups, very voraciously, mostly high in the trees. White-headed Woodpeckers were active in the early morning. Their "chinks" were heard occasionally occasionally punctuated by trills given as they flew. They seemed to be feeding mainly on the bare trunks part way up live or dead yellow Pines. I collected one q from the trunk of a live pine and a Jt & q from the trunk of a dead one. All were about 20-30 feet above the ground. In a similar situation a Nuttall Woodpecker was collected from the trunk of a Yellow Pine. Also seen was a Red-tailed Hawk flying high over the summit of the ridge in the early morning. At about 9 AM we drove east about 1 mile to the edge of the pines where the "Chorro Grande" trail reaches the top of the ridge from the Sespe Canyon far below. After searching the summit area - it is treeless and covered

R.J.Raith 1957 3 Journal Dec.29 1-2 mi. W Reyes Peak, 7000 ft., Pine Mtn., Ventura Co., Calif. with grass and low clumps of brush - fruitlessly for Mountain Quail, we descended the trail to the south towards Chorro Springs. The trail keeps pretty well to the edge of the pines and angles to the southwest (Another trail approaches the spring from the northwest - ie it runs southeast - leaving the road very near to our campground). By this time (c. 9.30 AM) the sun was well up and this south slope was quite warm. We walked down the trail for about 1/2 hour passing through open forest-edge and some brush, mostly Ceanothus. Birds were very scarce. We heard only a few juncos and chickadees and saw only glimpses of them. Having walked over a mile down the trail and seen so few birds, we decided to leave the trail and ascend straight up the slope to the road through the more dense forest. In a draw with a thicker forest of Yellow Pines with a higher percentage of White Firs and Sugar Pines we heard some chatter of White-headed Woodpeckers & Steller Jays (seemingly sounding off in response to my Pygmy Owl imitation). I collected a g White-feeb from the trunk of a fir and shot at another in the same tree but missed. We reached the road where it runs through the forest and saw and heard another woodpecker which I took to be a Hairy. By this time it was after 11 AM & time to leave so we returned to the car & drove back through the campground where we stopped to listen for woodpeckers. Here we heard & saw more birds than in any of the other localities

R.J. Riebt 1957 4 Journal Dec. 29 2 mi. W Reyes Peak, 7000 ft., Pine Mtny, Ventura Co., Calif. possibly because it was still shaded even though the forest is more open than just over the crest on the south side. I heard a tapping and saw and collected a Williamson Sapsucker from low on the trunk of a large pine. Here I also identified more certainly the Pygmy Nuthatches. Junco's, whitebreasted Nuthatches & Mountain Chickadees were heard+seen again with Healed Woodpeckers but no more Mountain Chickadeets. We left the area & drove down the mountain at about 11:30 A.M. The topography/vegetation of this area were described in my journal of April 20, 1957. However at that time I did not record the presence of Sugar Pines in small numbers in the areas of thicker forest in draws mainly. Also the pine-fir forest extends down the south slope of the ridge as I have indicated above. Where the slope is very steep extending down from the flat ridge top to the campground areas to the west the forest does break off abruptly as I described previously (April 20), but to the east where the slope is more gradual (though still steep) the forest extends down to the south about 3/4 miles.

R.J. Raft 1958 Journal 4 1/2 mi. E, 3 mi. N Cloudcroft, 8290 ft, Otero Co., New Mexico July 5, 1958 Five specimens of Anceles hardii were collected at this locality on this date and given to me. They were collected by Dr. Gerhard A. Sched, parasitologist with the U.S. D.A. at Las Cruces, N.M. The locality is in the spruce-fir forest just off the road from Cloudcroft to Mescalero. The precise spot is 0.7 mi. by speedometer beyond (north) of the boundary of the Mescalero Apache Indian Res. 2 mi. E, 1 1/2 mi. N Cloudcroft, 8200 ft, Otero Co., New Mexico July 6, 1956 These specimens were also collected by G.A. Sched in the Sacramento Mtus. This locality is near the other and is also on the road between Cloudcroft and Mescalero. I have been to this spot and so can describe it briefly. It is on a west facing slope heavily timbered with spruce and fir. There are numerous fallen logs in varying stages of decay. The soil is sandy. There is no stream or spring nearby. The locality is one in which this species has been collected frequently by Sched. It is just off the road a few miles from Cloudcroft in a stretch where the road follows a grassy swale. E fork Rito de los Frijoles, 8920 ft, Santral Co., N.M. July 13, 1958 G.A. Sched also brought to California six live specimens of Plethodon neomexicana which he gave to me. One died; I am donating 3 to MVZ and am keeping 3 for NMAM. Of the six that stayed alive 3 were gg with immature ovaries,

R.J. Ratt 1958 2 Journal E fork Rito de los Frijoles, 8920 ft, Sandoral G., New Mexico July 13, 1958 2 were m with immature testes and one was a q that had six ova measuring 1.95, 1.55, 1.85, 1.75, 1.00, 4.75 mm respectively (measured with ocular micrometer in dissecting scope). These salamanders were collected from rotten logs actually sitting in this small stream, the east fork of the Rito Frijoles. The location is the point where state highway 4, between Bandelier Nat. Mon. and Valle Grande, crosses the creek and is the same locality where Schad collected several specimens of this salamander last summer. The point is, I believe approximately 8 miles west (by road) of Bandelier. It is on the Bland Quadrangle of the U.S. Geol. Survey topo sheets. 4 mi. N, 2 mi. E Fort Klamath, Klamath G., Oregon July 13, 1958 Went out this morning in the pine woods to watch birds. collected Saw a frog on the edge of the stream that runs through the forest. The stream runs fairly swift but there are a few pools and it was on the moist, sandy edge of one of the pools that I caught the frog. It jumped for the water as I reached for it. The time was about 7 A M and the weather was cool with the sun not yet up. The stream is not rocky, and the pools are formed by log obstructions.

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Raitt, R.J. Species Accounts Amphibians Birds

Rana pretiosa Amphibians

R.J. Raith 1956 Rana pretiosa Aug. 8 Hoh River, 550+ ft., Jefferson Co., Washington In hiking 5 1/2 miles up the Hoh River trail to the Happy Four shelter and back saw 2 individuals, one at about 10 AM and one at about 1:30 PM. Both were apparently at least several hundred yards from any water. One was in dry moss and the other in an equally dry situation. Both seemed quite active but uttered no vocal sound when handled. I took a Kodachrome of the first one after placing him on a log. In the evening at about 8:20 PM when it had just become dark in the "rain forest" my wife and I were back out on the same trail near the end of the road (i.e. at the Hoh Ranger Station and Campground) when she spotted another by using her flashlight. It was on the edge of a bare earth trail which was lined with bracken ferns. The earth was not not completely dried out but not moist either. Again it was several hundred yards to the nearest known water. The int. was retained and is R.J.R. 145.

Birds

R.J. Raitt 1956 Eremophila alpestris Aug. 14 Hurricane Ridge, 5800 ft., Clallam Co., Washington At about 2 PM (PST) I was driving out on the Hurricane Ridge Road in Olympic National Park about 1-2 miles from the end of the road when an adult ran across the road. In this area the road follows the narrow ridge top which is about 50-100 yards wide and slopes away very steeply on either side (east north's south). The vegetation is mainly grass and herbs about 3-6 inches high with taller clumps scattered about and a taller, thicker strip on either side of the road. The surface is fairly flat but contains many small depressions and eminences (less than a foot high or deep). Small clumps of stunted evergreens (Alpine Fir) are scattered at intervals of about 100 yards. This entire rather dry, low-grass covered ridge top extends for out 1/3-1/2 mile. There appear to be other areas of similar aspect along the ridge top separated by timbered or more lush grassy areas. The adult bird observed ran across the road and remained motionless partly hidden in the grass. I walked toward it and it walked away but finally took wing when I approached too close. It flew several yards high in a broad, rough circle uttering several high-pitched cries and returned to the same area and took a similar motionless, head- erect pose on the ground. This same proced- ure was repeated several times in about 1/2 hour until I finally the bird flew off and

R.J. Rait 1956 2 Eremophila alpestris Aug 14 Hurricane Ridge, 5800+ ft., Clallam Co., Wash. failed to circle back. while pursuing this bird I flused up another which didn't fly at first but floundered off as if giving a "broken wing" display. At first I thought it a & protecting a nest, but on observing it closely I concluded that it must be a young Horned Lark because it had none of the conspicuous head markings, but it did have the typical tail markings, at least partly developed. On pursuing it my wife found that it could not fly more than low, short flights was she was able to run it down and capture it. It's plumage was examined more carefully and then it was released. It was about halfway through a molt of the primaries.

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