Field Notebook: Kentucky, Indiana 1904

dec. 89 C. Schuchert Peabody Museum Yale University New Haven, Conn 1904 2804 drawer 76-25 2803 Ludlow, Ky

my - Jeffersville Scottsburg, Indiana. doc. 89

near Jeffersville Scotching Indian a collection of good reptiles. Lord Baghism, Jeffersville, Ind., around Louisville, Ky. - 1904 at Reeds farm & mine, earby Jeffersonville & by the railroad tracks. New Albany Ind not or good a little fur. Charlestown, Ind. place for land, & on the rail road this court seat of the county which Jeffersville is located. Crunch bro. a short mile n.w. of Char- teston, Ind.

doc. 89 2804

2804 doc.89 Falls of Ohio, Devonian. Arrived at Jeffersonville, Ind. from Cincinnati Aug 29-1904 at 5:35 P.M. After supper spent the evening at the home of Victor & Lyon. The Knapps collection was pur- chased by Mr. Borden but before it was taken out of Dr. Knapps house S.K. Greene was asked to put the collection in shape. The Latter is known to have taken many specimens and especially crinoids. Sydney Lyon the father of Victor Jr. Lyon was a self educated man having never seen the inside of a school, had a very long mem- ory and is said to have written any dictum of a book after the second reading, could make a map.

Sydney Lyon born in 1808 died in 1894. Was very badly wounded by a cavalry charge in the Rebellion in 1864, the cause of his early death. Victor Lyon born in 1853. Wants $20 dollars for his entire Bryozoan collection. At this rate his complete collection would not be secured for less than $2000. Bryozoan literature, the divine Lyon became almost a mania. Lyon's collection strongest in Bryozoa Aschelidae and Corallacea. Corals good but not the equal of Dawson's collection.

from memory indicating houses, names of occupants and all streams after having passed on a road. Real friends but could not mostly per- man. Drew and painted but was always a poor man. Had 11 children. Victor the youngest. Sydney Lyons collection was at first divided among three sons but later Sydney secured the whole. Last year he sold all the Echinoderms to Frank Springer. Sydney an indefatigable ornithologist by occupation but by preference a collector of fossils and palaeontologic birds and papups. Has a good library. Since 1870 he has occupied most of his idle time chasing generic and specific descriptions. Made sorts of palaeonic fossils but in the main coincides. Is now at

work on a generic and specific cataly of the worlds Echinodermata, has about 16,000 references. Hopes some day to publish this catalog. Started to gather the references in book form but now has gone to separate sheet forms. This practically a card catalog.

Aug. 30 - 1904 Spent the morning making a section of the Devonic along the north bank of the Falls of the Ohio from the P.C. & St. L. bridge down stream to the east fence at the Whirl-Pool Point. From 2" to 3 1/2' thick { Spirifer acuminata bed From 6" to about 2' { Bryozoa beds mud burrows Strophodonta bed About 5 1/2 ft. { Spirifer gigantea in Turbo bed. 4 5/2' ft. Upper Coral Red 4-5 ft i Middle or Black Coral bed Rim Lower Coral Red About 4' seen but said to be about 6' thick noting on Niagara,

"Lawn Coral" seen at low water, A heavy feded dark coral-crinoidal limestone with a slight pinkish cast. Breaks in the rim into pockets and often it is the coral that is dissolved out. Corals not very plentiful until near the top where they occur in considerable quantity. The corals have a silicified outer crust and the collectors chip out the specimens and then etch out greens "Lawn Permian" Collected by natural in some Island and India shore quarries Port Royal. Exposure shown above waters rise a low side shelf having a thickness of not once than 4 feet, but the entire thickness 6feet, Large Phillippastraea with large corallites - Stomatopora with little moulds the common frost - Faprentis gigan- tea - very large hemispheric Farbsto common - Cladophorus of large joint - Crepidophyllum - Eridophyllum common - small celled Bryinpora

{ "text": "- Cystophyllum repandum one mass seen 7 ft in diameter\nthick ramose Faviolites from 2 1/4 inches\nin diameter and 2 ft long - Cystophyllum\nnot common - Heliphyllum of the\nlong virgula type.\nAny shells of any kind seen.\nThickness probably not more than 6 ft.\nMiddle Coral gone.\nAlso seen on the mid. shelf but\nalso takes part in the low fluff.\nAn irregularly bedded dark blue\nlimestone with fossil black corals and a\nbituminous shale between the corals. The\nentire zone is almost composed of corals. A\nsuitable coral reef. Collectors don't alter\nany of these because they are silicious\nThe black lithic condition sharply\ndifferentiates this zone from the coral hills\nabove and beneath.\nOne colony large, small ramose Cladophorus\nextremely common - Stomatopora - large\nLemniciferous Faviolites up to 7 ft\n```jsonnet {\"text\": \"- Cystophyllum repandum one mass seen 7 ft in diameter\\nthick ramose Faviolites from 2 1/4 inches\\nin diameter and 2 ft long - Cystophyllum\\nnot common - Heliphyllum of the\\nlong virgula type.\\nAny shells of any kind seen.\\nThickness probably not more than 6 ft.\\nMiddle Coral gone.\\nAlso seen on the mid. shelf but\\nalso takes part in the low fluff.\\nAn irregularly bedded dark blue\\nlimestone with fossil black corals and a\\nbituminous shale between the corals. The\\nentire zone is almost composed of corals. A\\nsuitable coral reef. Collectors don't alter\\nany of these because they are silicious\\nThe black lithic condition sharply\\ndifferentiates this zone from the coral hills\\nabove and beneath.\\nOne colony large, small ramose Cladophorus\\nextremely common - Stomatopora - large\\nLemniciferous Faviolites up to 7 ft\"} ```jsonnet {\"text\": \"- Cystophyllum repandum one mass seen 7 ft in diameter\\nthick ramose Faviolites from 2 1/4 inches\\nin diameter and 2 ft long - Cystophyllum\\nnot common - Heliphyllum of the\\nlong virgula type.\\nAny shells of any kind seen.\\nThickness probably not more than 6 ft.\\nMiddle Coral gone.\\nAlso seen on the mid. shelf but\\nalso takes part in the low fluff.\\nAn irregularly bedded dark blue\\nlimestone with fossil black corals and a\\nbituminous shale between the corals. The\\nentire zone is almost composed of corals. A\\nsuitable coral reef. Collectors don't alter\\nany of these because they are silicious\\nThe black lithic condition sharply\\ndifferentiates this zone from the coral hills\\nabove and beneath.\\nOne colony large, small ramose Cladophorus\\nextremely common - Stomatopora - large\\nLemniciferous Faviolites up to 7 ft\"} ```jsonnet {\"text\": \"- Cystophyllum repandum one mass seen 7 ft in diameter\\nthick ramose Faviolites from 2 1/4 inches\\nin diameter and 2 ft long - Cystophyllum\\nnot common - Heliphyllum of the\\nlong virgula type.\\nAny shells of any kind seen.\\nThickness probably not more than 6 ft.\\nMiddle Coral gone.\\nAlso seen on the mid. shelf but\\nalso takes part in the low fluff.\\nAn irregularly bedded dark blue\\nlimestone with fossil black corals and a\\nbituminous shale between the corals. The\\nentire zone is almost composed of corals. A\\nsuitable coral reef. Collectors don't alter\\nany of these because they are silicious\\nThe black lithic condition sharply\\ndifferentiates this zone from the coral hills\\nabove and beneath.\\nOne colony large, small ramose Cladophorus\\nextremely common - Stomatopora - large\\nLemniciferous Faviolites up to 7 ft\"} ```jsonnet {\"text\": \"- Cystophyllum repandum one mass seen 7 ft in diameter\\nthick ramose Faviolites from 2 1/4 inches\\nin diameter and 2 ft long - Cystophyllum\\nnot common - Heliphyllum of the\\nlong virgula type.\\nAny shells of any kind seen.\\nThickness probably not more than 6 ft.\\nMiddle Coral gone.\\nAlso seen on the mid. shelf but\\nalso takes part in the low fluff.\\nAn irregularly bedded dark blue\\nlimestone with fossil black corals and a\\nbituminous shale between the corals. The\\nentire zone is almost composed of corals. A\\ [TRANSCRIPTION_TRUNCATED_DUE_TO_LOOP]

"a series of masses seen 14x8 feet. feet in diameter— an extreme abundance of cyathophylloid corals as Cyathiphyll- lum, Blothrophylum, Heliophyllum— and Lophantus gigantea. — Cyathophyllum supreme one seen 8ft in diameter. Towards the top large ramose Favre- sites and large Michelinias more com- mon than below. The cyathophyll ricks, Cladiforas and Favosites make up the bulk of the fauna. This zone is about 4 feet thick. As none of the specimens of this horizon are delicious the collectors, Lyon tells me, have never gathered any of the corals, Upper Coral zone. This zone is sharply distinguished from the lower or middle coral bed in being a compact (lithographic stone-like) dark colored limestone in heavy beds of 1 foot in thickness. The corals are hard to distinguish from the rock and

are far less abundant than in the lower zone. However they are still abundant and of considerable variety. Phormatosporea commonest, followed by Fungi and Bryozoa. Thickness about 5 1/2 feet. Spirofer regaria in Turbo zone. Clearly differentiated in lithic nature from the coral beds in being a grey-white, granular, heavy - bodied limestone with silicious nodules groups. Of the latter one most persistent among the top is made up of separated valves of S. regaria. The common fossil throughout this zone is S. regaria followed by small and quite Helicophyllum. Corals almost absent when compared with the Lower coral bed below. (Associated) Also has Bryozoa.

with the greater abundance of L. pyramis near the top occurs Spirifera (rarely) of the D. exaratus or medialis type. This is also the zone from which Collectors gather most of their shells. It also has considerable crinoidal matter. This zone is about 5 feet thick. All the following beds are continu- ous in their lithic character becoming gone and more granular (by grinding) up- ward. Stepheodonts gone. A whitish granular heavy bedded limestone with numerous scale marked lines of chert in the upper half. Below occur numerous Stepheo- dontus and in the cherts the Bryozo- of which Fenestella shumardi is most common. It grows spirally and in folds 6 to 7 inches in diameter. The nuclear crinoid bed of the

Coral beds of crinoids also come from the zone Lyons occurs between the Deltatheroidata and Bryozoa beds but I could find no trace of the Aulocorimnus. But in places strivings diminish my risks. Both zones less than 2 ft thick It is the Bryozoa bed undoubtedly that furnishes many bryochifrons of the radiate order still followed by the Spirifys acuminatus zone. This zone could be more appropriately called the City for reticularis zone because these shells are far more abundant than I. acuminata. This zone is one solid bed of a whitish-chinoidal limestone and very granular due to coral comminuted and rolled organic fragments. Coral corals most abundant, generally Aulocorimnus and they appear to have been rolled and worn by the

Dear Leon tells me that near the top it also has been of limestone and limestone and then appears as a conglomerate. Saw something of this kind but not a conglomerate. Also saw Farisite cricrus, and Platygeos multiplex at about 2 feet is generally seen followed by a brany-sandy cliff, in places 3 1/2 feet was seen. See the Jeffersonville section. cliff. It is on this Horse plain that Jeffersonville is situated. West line of the city of Jeffersonville Indiana. Between the west line bounding the city of Jeffersonville and the old Smith and Morgan foundry built in 1853, but the mill was destroyed, is exposed from 9 to 11 feet of whitest granular limestone. There are Stephoclerata to Spirifer acumini-

two beds. At the Whirl-Pool Point these same beds may be only 2 1/2 ft. thick and never more than 5 1/2 feet while at the Smith and Morgan wells they have a greatly increased thickness of about 17 feet. In actual the stratigraphic position varies somewhat. Here the shells are prolific and especially the Stephendortus. Spirifer acuminatus is also more common than below the O.C & H.S. bridge. These faunal differences and thicknesses take place in less than 1/3 mile. At the next line of Jeffersonville the top of the S. acuminatus bed is well exposed. It is seen to be eroded and polished, sometimes exposed shells of S. acuminatus or a coal are cut through. Upon this surface the hydraulic beds rest with a very sharp and easily seen lithic change. The Devon fauna is completely extinguished at this line and the only fossil life seen in these basal Hydraulic beds is a Chonetes probably C. scitula.

The predominating fossils of the Shepherd- denta bed are S. concava, S. dentata, Op. aceri- mirata and Atypus articulatus. These conditions seem to point to a way shallower sea during the time of the Shepher- denta - this for gone and a short land interval before the Hydraulic beds came in. That the sea was shallower previous to the Hydraulic is indicated by the granular nature of the limestone, the ground and frag- mentary corals, and the rounded pieces of foreign limestone. Further these beds are not laid down in even layers but are wavy and sometimes decidedly or in rolls of 2 feet or more. Along the edges of some of these rolls can be seen stylolites 2 to 3 1/2 inches high. The fossils have nothing to do with this structure. I saw them thus Stylolites Shepherdonta gone. These rolls can be seen to great advant- age between the east Jeffersonville line and the Smith and Dungan Mill foundation. One persistent roll follows the course of the

river and is about 3 feet high. Lyon thinks this peculiarity due to frost and heat but on reflection I conclude that the weathering has brought out the original bedding. Further to this there shelly pieces of limestone have many fossils, other thirdments are bygone, and these lie on the plane of the rock. If this condition were due to weathering one should find more shells cut through by the supposed false bedding. Fractures Over the Block a Middle Carol had one notices many fractures quite regular in their trend. These are small in width from 1/8 to 1/2 inch in width and now filled with celestite. They are about 21 feet apart to 24 feet and trend at 35° S.E. Lyon tells me he has traced them completely across the river to the Kentucky

place. These undoubtedly have relation to the movements of the Cincinnati axis. Large Corals. In the Block Coal or Middle bed one often sees heads of corals sticking above the general surface of the river shelf. Formerly the Upper Coral zone was quarried for lime the cause of the wide present exposure of the Block Coal zone. Of Favosites many can be seen 4 to 5 feet in diameter and one was measured having a diameter of 8 feet. A colony of many hemispheric masses one from into the other had a spread of 14 by 8 feet. Of Cyathophyllum sylvestre one was seen 8 feet in diameter. Of the smaller Renacea Cladopora Leon showed me the remnant of a colony once having a diameter

50 fut. In the Nicaragua he found Californ alternate at Whirl Pool Point about 2 feet in diameter. Many other columns were found all more or less connected having a space of 14 feet Saphrantis Gigantea Gm has been 27 miles long.

Sellersburg Ind. Aug 31-04, Left Jeffersonville at 6.30 A.M. In Sellersburg about 8 miles distant on the P. C. H. & L. R.R. Then returned on the track about 1 mile to the quarries of the Union Cement and Lime Co. Saw the following sections:- Soil and drift. Black Chattanooga shale, Lithic break sharp and decided. 1/2 inch A thin sandy ash-colour limestone with crinoid al material. From 1/2 to 1 3/8 inch thick. 7" A light grey arenaceous limestone above with spots of rim pyrite 40 thick, passing into an irregular layered greenish shale with rim pyrite and phosphatic nodules about 3 inches.

"Heavy ledged grey arenaceous limestone with light greenish bands. Saw in the rock a few crinoidal columns, A. reticularis, Phipidomella penelope, Spiirifer euruterines, Pholidostrophia iurensis, Shepherdonta careara and D. diminica. "Impure cement rock with an abund- ance of phosphatic inrolues. Dark and crumbling cement rock in thin layers, with an abundance of some white spots which weather out as a chally sheet. In the form of spines, saw in place Chenetes gandelli, D. oroni, D. euruterines, Trofidiptus. This is the major furnishing ready are the mill from siliceous Hamilton rocks. In fact are the Hamilton fossils now for these led as upmost. "Heavy beds of a light blue cement rock! Fossils almost absent them I not. You says this zone has a natural dividing line, The reason he calls it "Lower Upper Hydrobia".

"Could not get a clear and clean piece to see contact with the D. acuminatus" [illegible] All the Hamilton fossils from the Louisville region come from above the Light Blue cement rock. The horizon furnishing nearly all the regular Hamilton species is the 3 foot zone of dark cement rock. It is the zone that weathers so easily as a dark brown earth covered with the numerous sponge like pieces of cherty chert and an abundance of D. crumii, D. subtruncatus, Trochidites etc. See my gathering for this zone. The next lighter zone furnishes other fossils as corals below, and crinoids above. See my gathering. Collected my first Hamilton material in the Ohio Co. Cement quarry. Spent this evening (the third) at Lyms house.

2803 Sep. 1 - 1904 Paid my bill at Stanton's Hotel and left the B & O M. at 8.10 A.M. in Cincinnati. Arrived at Cincinnati too late to take the C & O. 12.01 P.M. train. Starting all the afternoon con- cluded to run over the Trenton ex- preses on the Ohio River banks at Ludlow. At Fair Walnut one can now get cars marked

Macland Ky, U.S.N.M. Collection Of Backs words that are Rhikidomella penelope, Pentamerella barilloneusis Spiirfu eurekaensis Hyku from. maer motus sculptilei Retularia finhiata divarietatus constriinus Ambrocelia umbinata Parayga hirauta Athrus spirifur des Platostoma lineata Platyeras meelum Orthomychia emicum Handis ophouridoli. Many species of corals While this fauna is not exactly that of the upper chest hydraulic Hill. of the Falls I think it is plain.

that the Kojim is in the Hamilton. The difference in these phenomena is explained by the fact that Three- land is on the eastern side of the Cincinnati axis while the Falls of the Ohio region is on the eastern side of this same axis.

Derona an Formation Falls of the Ohio and in the County Clark Co Indiana Victor W Lyman &c 1870 Sydney D Lyon, CE 1869 Sand slon + shale Ferruginous Leme slon Conchites leme slon Black Slats Encrinital Bca Concho Shell + Fish Bca Upper Cherty-Bca by Middle Lower Sperfer Bca Bryozoa Bc Nucleosemis Bca Strophodonta Bca Jumbo Bca Belita name Sperfa gregaria Wheti Upper Black Middle Brown Lower Catenipora Halgoites Bed Sand slon + Shale Omitte Black Slats Encrinital Bca Omitted Hydranli Sperfer Bca Omitted Nucleosemis Bca Omitted Jumbo Bed Coral Beds Catenipora Bca 2804 DOCUMENT NO. 89 Invertebrate Paleontology Yale Peabody Museum

Green car get off at Amherst Ave. Then to River Rd and old mill if a mill when the section by passes let to cross her no further. mill Bridge 2804

2804 SMITHSONIAN INSTITUTION. UNITED STATES NATIONAL MUSEUM. All unmarked packages from near Lillistone from the Upper or Chester Cement feds. Lee section. [Indiana] DOCUMENT NO. 89 Invertebrate Paleontology Yale Peabody Museum