short range. The spears they carry are very primitive. The village hunter has an old smooth bore loaded with a ball which he fires by bringing a lighted flint attached to a long wire which carries it to a powder fuse connected with the charge by a hole in the breach. All of this action takes time so he must hold his aim according to the object in order to hit the mark. The hunter carried a crossbow which shoots steel headed arrows and also wooden ones for small animals. 18 Night clear & calm with a heavy frost with warning. A went south with the hounds to drop to the serow hamlets. He found many tracks & much sponging in the forest at middle time. The dogs started a large serow and followed it down the mountain side to the base. The hunters all followed after him