ed pipe crossed the stream, but (32 the builders ignored the fact that the foundations of the piers were in new ash in the bottom of a bed corrad ing river. The floods of the ensuing rainy season washed away the piers. Without learning all that they should have learned from that experience, the estate owners then buried the pipe in the river bed at the same place to serve as an inverted siphon for the transfer of the needed water. This too was car- ried out by the next floods (1909). Later a new owner buried the pipe in older material further down stream and accomplished the task with satisfaction. The Waterloo and Orange Hill Estates north of the Rabaika River an