-47- 3. Makatea (4.5 x 1.5 mi.; coral; 230 ft. high; has perpendicular Aurora. cliffs (with many caverns) on n. e. and w. sides; Dageraad. some stretches of sandy beach about 12 ft. high; no Maitia. lagoon; densely wooded, with some large trees and Makattea. cocoanuts, and other vegetation, including under- Matia. growth; inhab. Metia. The Ocean Phosphate Co. has a station here for min- Recreation. ing phosphates. Weekly steamer connection with Tahiti. Makattea [= Makatea] 29. Makemo (atoll 40 x 6-7 mi.; very low (14 or more ft. high at n. e. Koutousoff. end); lagoon (opening on n. e. & w. sides); wooded Makemu. on whole n. e. side, but s. side is bare; numerous Makima. islets on reef surrounding lagoon; inhab. Pigs Philip. were kept here long since. Phillips. Makemu [= Makemo] Makima (of Wilkes) [= Makemo] Maliva [= Matahiva] 44. Manaka (10 x 4 mi.; closed lagoon; some vegetation on e. side, Ravahere. but w. side is bare; separated by narrow channel from Two Groups. Marokau; uninhab. Has some islets. 18°18' S., 142°12' W. 74. Mangareva (coral reef, with 5 small volcanic ids. and many islets; Gambier. 4 mi. long; 3 passages into lagoon; Mt. Duff 1315 ft. Peard. high; good fresh water; inhab. Pearl. Mangareva is the principal id. It has some sand beaches; bushes, cocoanuts and other vegetation in patches on shore, but forests are reduced to a few patches in valleys and on some volcanic slopes. Both Mangareva and its islets are largely covered with a species of cane. Akamaru, Mekiro, and Makapu are within a fringing reef; Aukena is also fringed by an extensive reef. The principal ids. of the group are in central part of the lagoon; 4 larger (inhab.) ids. are Mangareva, Taravai, Aukena, and Akamaru. Some (at least) of the islets have dense shrubby vegetation, with some cocoanuts. Taravai is flanked by Agakaitai, with Tepu nui at the west; Akamaru is flanked by Mekiro to the north and by Makapu to the south. In the southern part of the lagoon are 4 small volcanic ids. On the outer encircling reef is a line of islets on the eastern face of the group: Takava and Tauna, Tarauru-roa, Amou, Vaiatekeua, Puaumu, and several smaller islets. Vaiatekeua has long stretches of sand beach, mingled with bushes on the lagoon side. Agassiz (Mem. Mus. Comp. Zool., xxxiii, 1906) gives many views of these ids.; he says the fauna is very poor, with only one "indigenous" bird, a "sandpiper", and sea birds few in number. However, he was not strong on ornithology. Manhii [= Manihi]