October 23, 1948, Gray Lodge Refuge, SW Butte Co., SW of Gridley. 10-2 p.m. PDST. Clear, warm, S 5-12. Pied-billed Grebes - at least 75 seen. Western Grebes - just 6 White Pelicans - not over 6 or 7 of them Farallon Cormorants - 2 or 3 Blue Heron - at least 25 or 30 in the area - few in full plumage American Egrets - 18-20 of them Snowy Egrets - 10 Black-crowned Night Heron - in the colony area where I saw 150-200 of them before, I put up at least 3500-4000 of them ! Adults and immatures. Iris red-brown Immature legs yellowish. All in the air at once. A surprising sight. Least Bittern - flushed 2 Lesser Canada Geese - at least 250 White-fronted Geese - resting with pintails - over 500 of them Lesser Snow Geese - just 7 Mallards - 25-30,000 of them. Wave after wave would take off. Mixed with baldpates and pintails. Before they were flushed you could hear a continual hum over the refuge area like huge swarms of bees, from the chattering of the ducks. Baldpates - 15-20,000 in the area. Pintails - 35-40,000 in the area. Green-winged Teal - not over 1000 seen Cinnamon Teal - at least 150 seen, quite a few in full male plumage. Shoveller - uncommon, for I didn't see more than 50-75 of them. No full plumages. Redhead - 9 Lesser Scaups - just 4 seen. Ruddy Duck - 10-15 - none in full plumage. Vultures - at least a dozen in the area. White-tailed Kite - 2 Sharp-shinned Hawk - 3 Cooper Hawk - 4 W. Redtails - a pair Golden Eagles - a pair cruising back and forth over the area previously occupied by the kites, which were not seen there today. The eagles would perch in low willows in open areas, or fly low to the ground, making passes at birds or mammals on the ground or in the air. I saw it pass at pheasants, coots, redwings, and mallards. None of the attempts were successful. Marsh Hawks - common today. Mostly immatures - 15-20 of them. Duck Hawk - 1 in area passed at cinnamon teal Sparrow Hawk - 3 Pheasants - 100's at edge of dikes, and in drier areas of refuge. Virginia Rail - 1 Sora Rail - at least 2 Coots - 10-15,000 of them. Killdeers - 7 Lesser Yellowlegs - 18 Western Sandpipers 29 Flicker - 5-10 Black Phoebe - 7 or 8 Tree Swallows - wintering here, the air full of them. At least 750-1000 birds W. Crow - 1 Hutton Wren - heard and saw only 5 American Pipits - 2-300 of them California Shrikes - 6-10 Hutton Vireo - 1 in willows with Audubon Warblers - mostly immatures - 2550 W. Meadowlarks - 3 Bicolor Redwings - 1000's and 1000's here. Brewer Blackbirds - 3-400 American Goldfinches - flock of 12-1500 in tules Savannah Sparrows - 50-75 seen White-crowned Sparrows - 150-200 seen. October 23, 1948, Roseville-Marysville: 0810-0900. Black-billed Magpies common California Woodpeckers California Shrike Black Phoebe Meadowlarks - 10-15/mile Brewer Blackbirds - 30-35/mile Purple Finches Green-backed Goldfinches October 23, 1948, Marysville to Gray Lodge Refuge: Brewer Blackbirds - dozens of flocks of 100's of birds along the way. Yellow-billed Magpies. many