April 13, 1948 Oak-fir hills 3 miles W. of 12-mile Swamp, Benton,Co., 1540-1515, Clear, calm, 70°F. Vulture circling over Redtail Hawks - 2 seen Ruffed Grouse - in clearing in oak-fir area Blue Grouse - hooting on ridge top in old-growth fir Band-tailed Pigeon - 1 perched in top of small D. Fir on south slope. Rufous Humming bird - a couple in the area. Flickers - 2 calling, and one calling was answered by a Pileated Woodpecker - which we later saw clinging to the NE side of a 15" D. Fir, in cleared, logged, and partial oak area. Violet-green Swallows over area. Coast Jays - a few in the fir woods, imitating redtails, and up to 8 or 10 in brush fence rows on down the hill in oak area, all in one flock Oregon Chickadees working oak and fir on ridge-top. Red-breasted Nuthatch - several seen and heard, usually with Kinglets Winter Wren - a couple giving scold notes. Seattle Wren - one singing "Song Sparrow" notes. Varied Thrush - 2 or 3 pair in the deeper oak-fir woods, usually seen in fir. Ruby-crowned Kinglet - a few in brush areas. Golden-crowned Kinglets - flocks still found working the Fir tree tops. Hutton Vireo - one calling in oak-fir area - first I've heard this year. Lutescent Warbler - a couple calling, and later saw a pair in an oak tree. Audubon Warbler - very few, and a couple singing. Evening Grosbeak - heard just one over fir area. Oregon Towhee - quite a few in the brush areas, and some trilling Oregon Junco - in cleared area on ridge-top, working brush piles, oaks, etc. White-crowned Sparrows - in rose-fir thickets on open hillsides April 13, 1948, 12-mile Swamp, 1515-1730, -Ø/ to -Ovc/(As) at 18,000, Warm, Calm. Blue Heron - one individual seen a couple of times at the north end. Lesser Canada Geese - probably about 500 at the south end at our "lake". Mallards - maybe 50 altogether, most paired up. One nest found that was already completed (??) Tom found an egg opened 1/3 of length, shell membrane still present, so perhaps it was predation. Another duck nest found completed, but with no sign of the birds around. Made of fresh stems of Carex oregonensis, close to the N side of a large clump of it, with the "alley" to the north about 4 feet or so. Pintails - 20 or 25 pair seen in the north half. Green-winged Teal - several small flocks of 6 to 2 dozen, and up to 150 at north end. Cinnamon Teal - one male in open water to east of island just north of road. Shovellers - quite a few, perhaps 50 to 75 birds altogether. Wood Ducks - number?, but they were calling loudly from oak-ash along west side. American Goldeneye - About 1700 I spotted this one bird swimming with a flock of Coots along the west side. Light was wrong so we didn't make a certain identity, other than "Golden-eye" until we flushed it, and it flew north, to the east of us, when the greenish-glint to the head, and the roundish white spot were plainly seen. Ruddy Duck - just 4 were seen, male not in full plumage yet. American Merganser (?) - just a short glimpse of this very large duck, with a very dark head, light below, and with large white wing speculums. Could be nothing else. Flushed from east side towards north end, in not over 3 feet of water. Vultures - circling over nearby fields W. Redtail Hawks - a couple of pairs circling, and one single seen later. Marsh Hawk - female over swamp area, chased by Redwings, and Yellowlegs flushed under it. Virginia Rail - flushed one in open NE end, and later saw others, and heard many call notes in NW area. Found one new platform nest in first stages of construction. Coots - perhaps 75 to 100 birds in north half. Killdeer - one in road acted as if nest was present, but we did not find eggs or young. Wilson Snipe - flushed a dozen or so along marsh area just north of the cabin. Yellowlegs - 1 single in usual place near the barn, and a flight of 12 from north end.