Elkarleton Oct 1955 Bulfo caroux Oct.8 Study area NE Tinja Pass Ranger Station. Arrived here 9:10 A.M. (Po. Std. Time) Brisk drizzle at pass but sky almost totally clear. Present reading max-min thermometer at Entrance Station (moved from entranceway by Refferty and Ekblut) was 48° F. Water from permanent spring seep at upper SW end of study area frozen at edges but flowing. Frost line down about 3/4" in surface soil in moist low areas central part of the draw. Ground temp. 1/4" below surface (from drill) 0.2°C. Saturated soil below 2" below soil surface 1.6°C. Same 8" below soil surface 3.2°C. Fresh cuts made with spade and quick-see thermometer thrust into soil 3/4". Three of us worked the study area 9:30-12:00 N using a scintillometer and 2 geiger counters starting at station end of area. Results negative in tools. Several "hot spots" found various places in meadow. Jerry Robinson and I dug up an area where the soil itself registered some activity but no tools around. It seems fairly obvious that there is radioactive materials in meteorpheric rocks and fragmanta, possibly worked out into the soil. Only 2 juvenile (young of year) tree-frogs encountered all moving those along rivulet banks. Some surface melt of the frozen top soil by 11 A.M. under full sunlight on surface but shaded margins of still water retained surface ice. Entire meadow was golden brown. The willow leaves have turned and are dropping. Water flows from spring upper middle part of area.