R.E.Johnson 1966 Journal 50 West Fork Yaak River, 5000ft, Lincoln Co, Montana. July 7 not Ptarmigan. The scat is all old, no fresh scat has been seen & neither species has been seen. No goat or sheep trails have been seen & no bedding places. Oregon Junco's & White-crowned Sparrows, which commonly nest on the alpine turf in other areas, do not do so in these mountains, though they do occur in the adjacent trees. In summary regarding the "alpine" turf, no species of bird appears to be utilizing it for nesting. Causes appear to be the limit(1) area of the turf & its (2) discontinuity and the(3) early drying up of the habitat. Rosy Finches do not occur here. There are abundant cliffs, extensive snow patches, both of which are normal components of rosy finch habitat. While the amount of habitat is small compared to many ranges in which they do occur, it is much larger than the habitat in the Little Belt Mtns, Montana where L.t. atrata & L.t. tephrocotis appear to interbreed. Since the elevation is low, the areas below the cliffs (nest sites) are mostly well below alpine conditions. Trees usually occur above/below the cliffs in considerable numbers, as well as on the cliffs. Such conditions may not trigger a nesting response.