M. Boyce 1932 1/2 mi. E. Wisamonto, 3500 ft., Fresno Co. Calif. December 20, 1932 Black Oak on the creek bank. The first shot, a no. 6 shell, hit the woodpecker in the upper back and base of the skull and penetrating it, yet the bird hung backwards, head back and down, by its feet. Two no.12 shells had no effect, not even penetrating the body. Finally after about five minutes as I was about to give up the bird fell, still alive and had to be killed by hand. They are certainly tenacious to life. On skinning this was explained rather really by the fact that its neck is easily missed since it is so thin, the lead is hard to penetrate due to a thick skull, the back is formed of very heavy vertebrae, and the breast muscles and sternum extend almost to its anus, leaving only a small unprotected area of viscera. Then too, the breast muscles are abnormally large for the size of the bird. Next I secured a Plain titmouse out of a small leafed Oak - a Calif. Jay as it flew over head with a large acorn in its mouth, and