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are anchored there as floating storage bins and handling plants, and cargoes of
ore coming from Dutch Guiana are unloaded there, and transferred to the
much larger ships which take it to the U.S. As now carried out, the handling of
bauxite is a messy job accompanied by considerable loss of ore. Instead of
being lowered into the holds of the ships that are being loaded, the grabline
shovels are opened high in the air. The large dust content of the ore is caught
by the wind and carried over the harbor, in a pale brownish cloud which almost
obscured the bauxite ships at times. By letting the ore go in the air perhaps
half a minute is gained on each release. The loss of ore carried away by wind
must be quite appreciable, while the lost material, settling on the bottom,
might in no long time be expected to affect soundings in a harbor which is not
very deep.
The actual harbor at Port of Spain is a dredged basin with a depth of about
30 feet, made in recent years by joint British and U.S. effort, and containing
very good wharfage for about six large ships. The largest vessels still have to
anchor 2 or 3 miles off shore in the open roadstead. The port is extremely busy.
I counted 18 large ships the morning we arrived, and over 30 small vessels
including sailing craft which ply to the mainland and through the islands. The
very large export of petroleum oils is shipped from Brighton, about 30 miles
south of Port of Spain, and so is the product from the famous pitch lake.
Trinidad is the largest producer of oil in the British Empire.
Next to oil, sugar is the most important production of Trinidad. Rice is a
big crop. Cacao, copra, and citrus fruits are important exports, as are rum and
angustura bitters. Grapefruit is the chief citrus crop. Both fresh citrus fruit
and canned juices are sent to Britian.
About half of Trinidad is under cultivation. The Conservator of Forests (Sale)
tells me that the forestry situation is excellent. An abundant supply of timber-
all hardwoods - from the rainforests. At least some of the rainforests are being
managed on a sustained yield basis, and Sale is optimistic about being able to
increase the proportion of high grade timber trees by planting after selective
cutting in the natural forests. Sale was in Nigeria and Mauritius before coming
to Trinidad. Knows Willan, who is now Conservator in Nyasaland.
According to Murray of Dept. of Agriculture, the bulk of agricultural products
produced for export is grown by big planters. But there are many peasant farmers
cultivating from 1/2 to 3 acres without even a mule. They work the land with digging
hoes, and grow mostly sugarcane. There is no system at all to peasant farming.
Cane is commonly retcouned for 10 years, until the soil is practically exhausted.
Water buffalo are used in cultivation of the rice fields. Citrus fruits are grown
on heavy clayey soils; sour orange is used for budding stock. We saw extensive
citrus (grapefruit & orange) plantings in the narrow Santa Cruz valley. The
groves did not look very well: the ground covered with grass and weeds and the
trees blackish with smut and not well pruned. Small plantation crops include
coffee (mostly robusta), and tonka bean (used for flavoring tobacco).
Over one-third of Trinidad's half million of population is classed as negro,
about one-third is East Indian (British India). There are numerous Chinese, in
business as merchants and small traders. The small white population includes
French and Spanish elements, besides British. Trinidad is going through a period
post-war inflation and living costs are said to be very high, at least for
people who live in European style. For example, eggs imported from Canada sell
at $1.40 per dozen, beef and mutton at about $1.20 to $1.40. A great deal of
money from the lavish expenditure of U.S. on Army and Navy bases during the war
is still in circulation. The oil and sugar industries pay out a lot of money, and
the result is inflation, according to Robert Ross, Industrial Adviser to the
government. Government laborers, who before the war earned 40 or 50 cents a day,
now draw $1.70. The colored people look well fed and they are reasonably well