SP Myers 1976 Calidris melanotos GRID 3, NARL, Barrow, Alaska 14 June (cont'd) terribly exaggerated but I've never seen a & flick both wings at once like flat. Did not open fully. Very brief - open - shut - in less than 1 sec. Body slightly erect. & Preened chest just after every flick. She proceeded toward him & continued heavy grouse display, going forward in a direct but not overly excited approach. She stopped, stands placidly, looking casually about as he comes around behind her, in an incredibly intense grouse - involving classic tail up - wings slightly dropped, throat + breast joining as rolling bubble call given. Then even more frantic as & begins running in place, neck out - stretched + moving rhythmically up + down ~ 1-3 cycles/sec. bill open, wings fluttering and outstretched hover squawking. She still casually looking about. Then & begins to hover over &, still squawking, running in place or back as & continues to look placed. Continues like this for ~ 1:45 min (tried). Fluttering wings reach quite high, well over & head. I looked at watch just before he broke off so did not actually see successful cation. Presumably occurred. She flew off immediately after he flew off her back. 0630 - notes on hooping. In the first part of a bout the & does not beat its wings, rather he glides into it, disturbing the air sac noticeably as he goes. In fact you can see it go down, particularly from the rear because of the contraction of the dilated inner wings of the breast feathers. Only in the 2nd half of the bout do & running flap, in synchrony with the bout itself, pumping it out. The quality of the bout changes perceptibly, gaining a mechanical aspect. Frequency can also increase while pumping. GROUSE CALLING - a frequent vocalization which usual occurs during early stage of grouse display also occurs who following sequence. repeated growling (I have taped it) given from the mounded spot (often) or while feeding (less so). The & is often in hunched over position who tail up while doing this, but can be in alert posture or in full grouse w tail up. 17 June another population! (they do it all the time) This one seen at 0553-0555