Silmo RANGIFER (REINDEER) 5 1931 by rolling the animal on its side, stabbing it suddenly with a stiletto-like knife, and then bending a fore leg up so that it is to a position between the horns, a position from which the animal cannot extricate it. Such a proceeding hinders the breathing & the animal soon dies, meanwhile affording amusement to several small youngsters astride its prostrate form. Castrating is accomplished by jabbing a long & narrow knife blade into the testicle and squeezing the contents out thru the puncture by a clever sliding & twisting grasping motion of the thumb and fore finger. I found one two year old male death on the tundra about a half mile from the corral, & and although it showed bloody evidence of having been recently castrated, I could not be certain as to the means of its death. This year the herd has increased 25% over last year; 5000 : 4000.