- 12 - zia. This genus connects the Tertiary Flora of Colchis with the Oligocene-Miocene, the so-called Mastixian floras, of Europe. In the Sarmat and Cimmerian beds of Abkhazia, the Mastixiaceae has been found (Mastixia microphylla Kolak., Tectocarya lusatica Kirschn.). The uniqueness of the Kodor Pontian Flora is emphasized by the fact that about a half of its species shows close connections with extant species of the East-Asiatic flora, representing the so-called East-Asiatic element of the flora. There are also Macaronesian, North-American and typically Mediterranean elements, but in these the role of temperate boreal elements is extremely limited. The composition is indicated by the following figures: Pantropic element .......................... 5% Indo-Malay ................................... 9.8% Macaronesian ............................... 5.0% East-Asiatic .............................. 32.0% "Mediterranean-mountane") ................ 13.1% Palearctic .................................. 2.5% Cosmopolitan ............................... 6.0% Since the Kodor Pontian Flora, as well as the other Tertiary floras of Colchis, was developed under refugium conditions, a number of species described therefrom are conventionally accepted as "Colchide endemics". Nearly three-fourths of these have close connections in the existing East-Asiatic and other "Mediterranean-montane" floras. As should be expected, in recent years some "colchide endemics" have been found in other Tertiary Floras of Europe: Lindera ovata Kolak. - in the Oligocene of Hungary, Quercus sosnowskyi Kolak. and Aristolochia africanii Kolak. in the Pliocene of Rumania. If we consider these data and the results of modern, rather *) By "Mediterranean-mountane" we mean those elements of Tertiary, warm-temperate and temperate mesophytic mountain-forest floras restricted to the zone of moderately low-latitude mountains of Eurasia, including the Caucasus (see below).