ground. A joint worn away by the sand- stone and the top rolled away in the mud into which some projected. There can be no doubt that the ashic shalm of continental origin, but a marine fossil is seen here and the Estheria and Levia must be fresh water origin. The great shale shalm series is probably almost continental origin although the iron bedding of the shales looks more like marine deposits. The Ostracoda here occur near the base and as Byrichia seems due maybe of brackish water origin. However, signs of the sea are land plants, gamid scales and moss, dipping of very shallow water and plan of very irregular pattern, semi-cracking and cutied prints. The dark color of these shales is probably due plant material, broken up fragments, spores and spore cases (the latter are common). At first one is disposed to regard them as marine because of their iron bedding.