rem hollow. Spines Spines are buds or invagination of wall - . call them ceno ? Expansion of wall 3 types of spines - ( no fucicular strands) stengzoid an spina articulated spine eg: Microporella pallasiian a b). See Banta frontal wall budding - does this phenomenon belong to the considerations outlined here. G thinks so. Woolacott, Sando 7 Beania these are benzooids. Microporella Then to Ovicells are Woolacott vs Dale theories the various positions of ovicell, (Check monographs on Ovicells - is it Hormo?? Could these be henzooids or apines ?? Woolacott (in press) consider ovicell develops from double wall fold from zooides. Ovicell + zooid distal to this prev. zooid something like this.