1983 A.C. Mumme ① Melanerpes formicivorus SNAKE EXPERIMENTS Plague 3 June Start 1035: Gopher snake tied to branch about 1 meter below nest hole Nest stage -- eggs, ~8 days Time to discovery 26:50 minutes Found # by ♂521. Let run 10 min after discovery Intensity Persistence % of 10 min intervals within 5 meters ♂521 5 100% ♀494 3 30% ♀496 3 30% ♂721 0 0 Not seen ♂723 0 0 Not seen ♂521 dove, swooped, + struck the snake unabated throughout the 10 min. ♀♀ perched near the hole + karritted, but never dove on the snake. 0 -- No response 1 -- Vocalizations, no approach within 5m 2 -- " approach within 5m 3 -- " " " 1m 4 -- Brief contact, ⬤ <5 times 5 -- extensive contact ≥5 time