Chicago school depended upon Scandinavian & Swines made great progress in study of Ecology. Sources Textbooks - 1. Weaver & Clements - 2. A Textbook of Botany Chicago - Cowles - 3. Tansley & Clipp - aims & methods in the study of vegetation - prof Tansley - professor of botany at Oxford. 4. Colorado plant life - Ramaley - 5: Journals - Ecology - Application Ecologist has more or less of a synthetic view point. Analysis - then synthesizes or puts together - problem must be worked out in the field - not as precise as physiology for instance. little application in this country - rather widely used abroad. Ecology rapidly touches social & political ramifications -