The heliotrope bushes were 3 - 4 ft. high + loaded with purple blossoms exactly like the cultivated but the perfume was quite different. At Cachendo S & 3200 ft. we lost the green landscape very suddenly giving us we emerged out of a foggy cloud bank which makes the upper limit of the green lush belt. Beyond this point was an elevated desert of sand, loose rocks, absolutely barren with no evidence of ever having had any, not a drop of rain is it known to fall here. This desert rises gradually by low terrace or inclines & extends all the way to Arequipa a distance of about 50 or 60 miles. About mid-way on the desert we met the sand dunes, small shifting ones of semicircular outline 3 - 4 feet high + of a light gray or whitish color. Then travel furnished the direct method of concavity + can be seen by placing large stones on the top