The geology of the Black River area, (July 1st, 1834) at Palma Camp. I in contrast to what occurs at Palma Junction camp area, Q base of limestone (seemingly non-fossiliferous) is disclosed along almost all of the stream-beds. That limestone appears in the bed of the Palma at and below camp and upstream at all of the principal forks. In the beds of the two main tributaries of the creek just west of camp, and in the creek bed proper, where water cutting has channelled the limestone to a depth of at least four feet. The overlying material along the river and its floodplains is composed of sills, clays, lignites in formation and occasional lenses of gravel or shingle. Beyond the range of influence of the river, however, the limestone lies beneath a considerable thickness (up to 200 feet) of clay or sandstone conglomerate, whose pebbles, for the most part rounded, comprise quartz, yellow older sandstone and a fine-grained, rather hard each of shale-like rock. Some of the above mentioned pebbles break up into angular fragments. The gravel bars in the Palma contain include pebbles of quartz, a tonblende granite, a blackish flinty rock with (?) change into block form, hard sandstone, fossiliferous and non-fossiliferous limestones (chiefly corals), the hard yellow staley rock alluded to in the previous paragraph, a micro-conglomerate-like rock containing what look like feldspar crystals (possibly this is really igneous).