Koford 194 Cynomys ludovicianus August 29,1955 Nr. Cache, Okla. On top long ridge between Bda swale 5 yds.apart (ridge " higher). N.W.area lower than main part n E a 5 arm colony, but still much Bda; most burrows /unit area, & most easter. Mag. slope wher C.l. is only 5 % ! Area looks drier in general. Some C.l. diggings to 3" deep (fungi sized holes leading from bottom two). One Digging lod stub 1/3" main root. Pared ave. min. spacing between 11 bur rows - only 8.1 yds.! Largest mounds, old, spread 8' wide, 1' thick. Few sun 5' deep, 18" tall. Flattest area toward creek had much Agy, no C.l. (wetter?). Creek bank shows soil bolder-citril cut. A whitish ( leric ?) layer 5' below surface. Upper five feet silt loam with raw sand particles. To N. of fence at NW side : a 1946 map above colony plotted here (also crossed to 3 prints posters to E-E.am). Slope about 2 % , Invaded area of hay pastures (notice) about 80 yds. to N. +150 yds., wide. The invaded area Bda, Ambrosia, & much Cristida. Cleared area abutte Andropogon stands. About 10 yds; into this, when shot, we saw a recent burrow. Beyond, grass 10"-16" tall in good. Some well developed msa, at juncture of Bda & Andropogon. Some mounds 50' into Andropogon (grass beaten down + patches Bda near). Many burrows in Bda area of main invasian. || Poisoning with 1080 in 1946 & trapping, flatt- ening, & poisoning at other times make interpretation of otterie towns difficult. || West arm. Populated to extremity of burrows, about 1/4 mile W. of Turkey Creek. Main area within 100 yds. N. of fence ( aerial photo taken 3/21/42 shows bare thins). Most of C.l. area is this + poor Bda. Fabs : Plantago, Helianthus, Ambrosia, Pannaw- Beard Patilalca (?), & others. Another area about 50 X 75 yds. separated by 100 yds. of Andropogon, to N. (see map). I saw one sun 10' to bur