1791 never been heard to sing so long and continuously before. Although I could not see Neo, I recognized his song (principally by the "victoree" phrase). Naturally, if the bird in the old oak were N2, I wanted to reestablish the fact of her being a first class singer, and the way to do it was to get her to come to me for worms with or without Neo. When she began to show evidences of wanting to can move elsewhere I tossed a worm and she responded promptly. It was N2; but I wanted to see her with Neo in order to compare them. Neo kept on singing while N2 ate worms for several minutes more, but finally he came down, "dished" N2 out of a worm and at once the two were on the established Neo-N2 basis. Of course, N2 has been heard to sing before; but never like this. We know that Greenie and Nova were singers--Greenie by far the better. Now comes N2; so that of the three defi- nitely identified females that have been resident and mated at this place, all of have proven to be singers. Greenie had tone quality and "words" like Brownie her mate. Neo was inferior to both by a considerable margin, and shriller. N2 (Longtail) is somewhat high- er pitched and less flowing than Neo and with inferior tone quality; but her song is good and well sustained and, after years of close attention to the songs of California thrashers, I would not have been able to say that the bird on the old oak was a female (In fact was not at first, as judged by song alone). In considering this concert and, in retrospect,(without refer ring to notes of the time) the actual physical combat of Neo and N2 with an intruder last year*, it appears that the female takes part in announcing territory occupied--if this was a territorial affair. It should be stated that there was no sing whatever of con- flct amongst these five birds: each singer remained indefinitely at his post and only one, a silent bird, appeared in the heart of Neo's nesting area and then departed quietly without attention from the two occupants. After I had fed N and N2, the former went to another tree to sing and N2 returned to the top of the old oak--the most conspic- uous singing point here, and resumed song as I came in to make this record. This was "not like" her at all. Thrasher song continued here until about 12:30 and then the foreign birds seemed to disperse. Neo and mate remained, but song could be heard off to the south west. For a short time, about 1:30, Neo having sung occasionally in the meantime, there was a short renewal of the concert here, but in much less volume. Now,2:20, it is quiet (65°). Neo and mate are loafing in their nesting area and talking. By 12:30 Rhody had eaten the meat in the cage and was loaf- ing in the partial shade on the entrance driveway bank; where he now is. I placed a small mouse 2 feet from him without interesting him; but when the mouse made the mistake of running to the motionless bird (for protection?) his doom was sealed. January 26th. A dull, chilly morning. Thrashers singing early. About 10:30 Neo and mate, and my other customers were with me in the orchard, being tested on Hamburger again. (See later). Thrashers could be heard singing in the * Notes of Jan.6th,1938.