1168 it drifted in through the two doors and hovered about his head for perhaps a half minute, then wandered about the cage and went out through the netting. Rhody was not interested at all, yet a butter- fly much farther away will usually be chased energetically. At 2 P.M. Rhody was still lying in nest 1-36. Shortly after he was heard to give his cooing song--the sound I have been waiting for as a possible indication that he would , since the departure of A and T, become more active in looking for a mate. At 2:30 he came to where I was digging near the cage, watched for a few minutes then went to the cage and stayed inside until 4 o'clock, leaving, presumably, because a yellow-jacket was annoying him where he sat in the upper closed portion. (This will be refer- red to later). At 4:15 he was again found in nest 1-36 resting quietly. About 4:45 he was inspecting the canopies of the trees between 1-36 and 3-36 as if looking for a new nest site, soon coming to a tree near where I was working, sitting there, occasionally whin- ing softly while looking in my direction, At about 5 he returned to the cage staying until 5:30, then came out, dusted (always a preliminary to a departure for his night roost) halted by me in expectation of worms, which he got, and at 5:40 left for his roost, which is still in the Canary Island pine. Returning to the yellow-jacket episode: Rhody, as these notes record, is afraid of them, whereas Archie and Terry, also as the notes show, were not, though they were careful to see that their business ends were put out of commission before swallowing them. There was a distinct difference in the attitude of the two genera- tions toward these wasps. (If they are wasps). They did not inherit Rhody's fear of them, yet they did have an instinctive foreknowledge of the dangerous character of these insects and the location of their weapons of offence, doubtless an inheritance. Rhody, probably, had been stung and learned from ex- perience. A and T doubtless had not been stung and acted on in- stinct. As judged by A and T, fear of yellow-jackets formed no portion of a "congenitally organized pattern of behavior".(I mean: fear of yellow-jackets flying about). As these youngsters, pre- sumably, should follow the "pattern" of their ancestors, perhaps we are warranted in assuming that roadrunners have no pattern which involves fear of flying yellow-jackets; yet Rhody fears them. Therefore Rhody has learned that fear from experience, hence has intelligence of an order sufficiently high to permit of learning and remembering sufficiently disagreeable experiences and to act (run away) in such a way as to avoid their repetition. Without presuming to attempt to follow through the mazes of a controversial subject, a subject upon which I am not informed anyway, it seems to me that we have here an example of the differ- ence between intelligence and instinct in practical operation, using the two terms in the broad, popular sense, in which instinct is that faculty of an animal which enables it to act, without learning, by experience, automatically and without reasoning, to overcome with more or less efficiency, in its own protection and well-being and the perpetuation of its race. Whereas intelligence implies ability to learn, however little it may be, and act on the basis of that learning. Rhody has learned to run away from yellow-jackets, although he does kill them if they come too close, but he does not chase them. Archie and Terry, on the other hand, chased them and never ran from them. They had not learned that they could be stung by an insect