Ludwig, J. P. 1964 several times while placing it in the nest. About 90 seconds later (I looked away to note another pair) I noted this pair copulating on the edge of the nest. A bout of preening followed copulation. Several times I watched the head-up-tail up-wing lifted display directed by one at the other bird of a pair. However, there was no response in the 3 occasions I observed. These red-foots preen for great stretches of time. I recorded one bird preening continuously (except for shifting its head's position) for 15 minutes 10 seconds. I would not be surprised to record bouts of preening of 25-40 minutes. I have also noted a behavior which suggests that hippoboscid fly or mallophagon bites stimulate a bout of preening. Often with no outward sign a roosting booby gives a startled squawk and then begins furious work on his plumage - usually a specific place is attacked by the bird and twice I watched hippoboscid flies leave the preened area to resettle elsewhere. This behavior is one of the most common sights in roosting of this Booby. King reported watching a ♂ dark phase mated with and copulating with a ♀ (light white) phase. As this occurred in a part of the colony not viewed yesterday, this brings the total to 4 dark phase in a population of 500 birds. I noted a dark phase sitting singly at a nest. About 1100 we began to move towards Lihue. We stopped at Malapan Beach seeing no birds of interest but a Class A beach. Later we noted a White-tailed Tropicbird in one of the valleys, and One Ad ♀ Great