Arizona field notes, v4429

February 29. He left Los Angeles about four o'clock in the afternoon. We had intended to start at noon, but were delayed by some repairs which had to be made on the brake of the wagon. Just before leaving we had a photograph taken of ourselves, the wagon, and the team. We went through Pasadena to say goodbye to some friends there, and then went on as far as Santa Anita, where we camped. March 1. At about two o'clock in the morning we were awakened by rain falling on our faces, and were obliged to get up and sit in the wagon until the shower ceased. We then hitched up and went on. At Azusa we got a tent, which had been borrowed from one of our party. Near Azusa we saw a number of Bell's Sparrows in the chaparral. We found a nest of the California Shrike containing three eggs, and an unfinished nest of Bell's Sparrow. The weather was very cold all day. We stopped at night near Claremont. March 2. We travelled all day and camped about four miles from San Bernardino. It was cold and very windy all day and rained a little in the afternoon. Bell's and Nevada Sage Sparrows were very common along the road. As it was raining when we stopped we pitched our tent, fortunately as it appeared, because it rained very hard in the night. March 3. The weather was so bad in the morning that we decided to remain where we were, as we were partly sheltered from the storm. It rained hard all morning and in the afternoon, began to snow.

Several flocks of Sandhill Cranes passed over the camp, flying very low. March 4: About three inches of snow fell during the night, but we decided to go on as the sky was quite clear. We passed through San Bernardino and went on toward the San Gorgonio Pass, the snow getting deepers as we ascended, until at Beaumont, at the summit, it was nearly two feet deep. We travelled about thirty miles today, and as it was all upgrade, it was very hard on the horses. We lightened the load by taking turns driving, but the horses and ourselves were completely worn out when we arrived at Beaumont. A reservoir which we passed, was full of ducks of different kinds, and we saw many more along the road. We got four Cinnamon Teal at one place. Once we saw a California Condor circling in the clouds, and watched it for a while with the field glasses. It was very cold at night, and we were glad to sleep in a barn, partly filled with hay, in which our horses were also placed. March 5: To-day we travelled as far as Whitewater. The snow did not extend far beyond Banning, about six miles from Beaumont, but it was very cold all day. At Beaumont, Townsend's and Thick-billed Sparrows were very common. After leaving Banning we began to see desert birds. We saw Black-throated Sparrows, Sage Thrashers, and a Seconte's Thrasher, and found a nest of Seconte's Thrasher, containing broken eggs. We shot a Sage Thrasher, a Western Yellow-winged and a Black-throated Sparrow. March 6: In the morning, while we were preparing breakfast, a flock of ducks lit in a mud puddle near the wagon. Hill fired twice at them

and killed three Green-winged Teal and a Pin-tail. Immediately after, a White-fronted Goose lit in an alfalfa field near by, and Rising shot it. I saw a Wilson's Snipe by an irrigating ditch but did not get it. During the day, we saw two California Condors sailing high in the air, and once I saw a pair of Seconti's Thrasher, and after some trouble, shot one of them. We also saw a number of Sage Thrashers and some Purple Finches. We stopped in the evening at Palm Springs. March 7. We did not travel to-day as we had so many birds to skin. Seconti's Thrasher is very common around here, but, as usual, very wild. C.H. Howard secured two nests, each containing three eggs, but he could not get the birds. The instant anyone approaches the nest, the bird drops to the ground, and runs with great swiftness through the brush, and once startled, it is almost impossible to get within gun range. About fifteen new nests were found empty. He saw Verdins here for the first time and found several nests, but no eggs. He also saw some Phainopeplas and heard both Valley and Gambel's Quail calling near the camp. Hill shot a male White-throated Swift. Millard I skinned the Teals and other birds we had shot, while the others were collecting. March 8. In the morning we started on the road to Indio. Seconti's Thrashers were rather plentiful immediately after we left Palm Springs and we had more success in shooting them as Howard got four and Rising one. We saw a Prairie Falcon, Nevada Sage Sparrow, Phainopeplas, Verdins, and California Shrikes along the road, and at Indio a Western Goshawk,

Salton is 260 feet below level. and Albert's Towhee and some Cassin's Kingbirds. March 9. Travelled from Indio to Walters, arriving there early in the afternoon. Albert's Towhee and Gambel's Quail were common all along the road, and at Hatters we saw a male Vermilion Flycatcher. In the afternoon Hill and I skinned seven birds. March 10. We remained at Walters until noon. We walked around all morning but saw nothing but a few Sage Thrashers, Albert's Towhees, Gambel's Quail and Plumbous Gnateaters. In the afternoon we went on to Salton. Thus far there had been plenty of brush along the road, but about halfway between Walters and Salton all vegetation ceased, and there was nothing but bare dirt. March 11. There is nothing at Salton but the station and a salt factory. Salt is lying on the top of the ground everywhere, and we saw the men getting it up with scrapers. The road between Salton and Volcano Springs is very poor. It is crossed by a number of gulleys from ten to twenty feet deep, and exceedingly steep. It was slow and difficult work getting the wagon safely across these gulleys; and when in sight of Volcano Spring we came to one so very steep and deep that we did not dare to cross it but tried to go around. That took us a long way out of the road and it became dark before we regained it, so we were obliged to camp without any water. March 12. In the morning after some difficulty, we reached the station of Volcano Springs, where we obtained water. As the next station was not very far we remained here until after the heat of the day. The country around

here is evidently of volcano formation. The ground in every direction, is cut with deep fissures; and all the rocks and pebbles are pumice stones. Stones as large as a watermelon we could easily pick up and toss into the air with one hand. The station is named from a number of 'mud springs' which are near it. We visited one not far from the railroad track. The crater was about forty feet across, and we went down about ten feet to the surface of the spring. It was apparently liquid mud with some kind of gas bubbling up all over the surface. Near the edge the mud was more solid and the gas came up through cracks. Upon stopping up the cracks, the gas either removed the obstruction, or forced a new passage. There were both hot and cold springs around there; this one happened to be cold. The gas had a peculiarly unpleasant odor, and, what surprised us very much, extinguished flames held over it. In the crater there were several birds that had been overcome by the fumes. Every morning we watched the mountains in the distance with a great deal of curiosity, as the mirage causes them to change shape continually until the sun is high in the heavens. Every day, on our right hand, at what seems to be a distance of about three miles, there is apparently a large sheet of water. It is there every day, just the same, and the section men call it 'Salton Sea', but there is, of course, no water for many miles. After leaving Volcano Springs the road was better, but very sandy. We saw very few birds. A few Shore larks, some Ravens, and a few sparrows apparently allied to Belli. We arrived at Flowing Hills late in the evening.

March 13. About a mile from Flaming Wells we came to a washout in which there was a spring of salt water. A few tufts and some bushes grew around and they were full of birds. O.H. Howard flushed a Secon'ts Thrasher from the nest, but as there were only two eggs in it, he and Will decided to remain here till the other egg was laid, while Rising and I went on to Mammoth Tanks. At this spring, beside the Thrasher, we saw a Marsh and a Western Red tailed Hawk, Tuile Wrens, Heston Savannas, Sparrows, Killdeer and Least Sandpipers. When Rising and I went on we saw a Western Great Horned Owl, a Ruby-crowned Kinglet, and some Night hawks, and I shot a Secon'ts Thrasher. The Thrasher at the spring laid its egg early in the day, and the other reached Mammoth Tanks about two hours after we did. They had each shot a Secon'ts Thrasher. Rising fired two shots and secured three male and one female Gambel's Quail and a Secon'ts Thrasher. The road was very sandy. March 14. As we had so many birds to skin, we remained at Mammoth Tanks all day. Howard shot another Secon'ts Thrasher. March 15. He saw a female Vermilion Flycatcher just as we were leaving camp. Red-tailed Hawks were very plentiful, and many nests were found. They were all built in mesquite trees, and another tree which resembled its cypress, a very short distance from the ground. Howard and Will each took a set of two eggs. A night hawk and a Vermilion Flycatcher were shot today, but unfortunate we had not time to put up either. Night hawks were rather common. March 16. Today we drove from Klamath to Agilby. Howard shot a Secon't

Thresher and I saw an Arkansas Kingbird. At Ogelly we saw some Yuma's. March 17. We arrived today at Yuma, halfway between Los Angeles and Tucson. Howard and I left the wagon and walked in to Yuma, going through several miles of thick mesquite groves. There were a great many birds in these groves. Phainopeplas were very common. He found two nests, one containing eggs, the other young, and we saw many more in course of construction. We also saw Gambel's Quail, Albert's Towhee, and many Sparrows, Flycatchers, and Hummingbirds we were unable to identify. At Yuma we rejoined the wagon and crossed the Colorado River in a ferryboat. He had a letter of introduction to the judge here and he showed us a place to camp in. Most of the men in Yuma seem to be Mexicans and Indian, besides the numerous tramps who make this a stopping place. The Indians are tall, fine looking men. They wear their hair hanging to their waist, and paint their faces hideously. They have a peculiar game, which is something of a race. Two men start for some given point, often fifty miles away, kicking before them a ball, about the size of a football, but round. He examined one and found that it was solid stone. They often send it twenty or thirty feet at one kick. Towards evening a good many Night-hawks were seen circling over the town. We also saw Violet-green and Bank Swallows. March 18. In the morning Hill shot six Albert's Towhees and caught a

Mexican Serin still alive. He saw two Broadwings, three Ravens and some Vermilion Flycatchers in the town. Albert's Toucuses were very common. In the evening we drove about a mile from town and camped. March 19. Moved to Gila City. Phainopeplas, Verdins, Bank Swallows, Ravens, Gambel's Quail, Western and Plumbeous Grackles, Least Bittern and Albert's Toucuses were rather common. He also saw a pair of hawks, black, with the tip of the tail white. Rising shot a Hidgeon and found a female Vermilion Flycatcher in the bed of the Gila River, where we saw several ducks and a few Great Blue Herons. There were three coyotes eating a dead cow near the camp but they did not disturb us in the night. March 20. He remained in camp until noon, when we went on as far as Sigurta. Rising and Hill went in the wagon and Howard and myself walked. At first we remained in the bed of the river, but as we saw nothing there, we crossed over to the railway track. Giant cactus was growing on all sides. He saw but few birds, and those were principally woodpeckers, which were on the telegraph poles and the giant cactus. He lost sight of the wagon for several hours, but just as the sun was setting we saw Will signalling with the mirror about a mile away from us. He saw several Palmer's Thrashers and some Gambel's Quail. March 21. Travelled all day along the Gila River and crossed it about noon. The water was very shallow. Where we crossed the river there was a large rock, several hundred feet high with almost perpendicular sides, around which several Red-tailed Hawks and Eagles were circling.

After crossing the river Gambel's Quail became exceedingly numerous, and we saw many flocks containing hundreds of birds. He also saw many Nighthawks, Great Blue Herons, Red-tailed Hawks and Ravens. He travelled long after dark, searching for a suitable place to camp. He finally found a place, near a ranch, in a huge irrigating ditch, which must have cost a fortune to construct, but which at this time was perfectly dry, and had been so for a long time. March 22. Travelled all day over country similar to that we passed over yesterday. Gambel's Quail were numerous everywhere, and we also saw flocks of Sand-hill Cranes, some Nighthawks, Arkansas Kingbirds, and Arizona Crested and Vermilion Flycatchers. O. H. Howard took a set of Albert's Towhee. March 23. Drove to Agua Caliente or Hot Springs. Birds became more common, principally along the irrigating ditches, where we saw Gambel's Quail, Vermilion Flycatchers, Albert's Towhee, Wilson's Snipe Killer, a small Rail, and some Least Sandpipers. He also saw several flocks of Sisk Bunting, but they were exceedingly wild and we did not get any. The water at the springs was quite warm, and there was a good deal of it. March 24. Drove about twenty-two miles from Agua Caliente, and camped on the bank of the Gila River. He had intended to cross the river and go to Maricopa, but we heard that the road was

poor, and that the ford across the river was dangerous on account of quicksands, and we decided to go on to Phoenix instead. We killed a yellow rattlesnake about four feet long, the first we have seen. Rising took a set of eggs of Palmer's Thrasher, and a set of Phainopeplas. We also found a Roadrunner's nest containing two eggs. Saw many Great Blue Herons and some large flocks of White Pelicans along the Gila. The pure white of the pelicans, with their black wing tips gives them an exceedingly striking appearance. He also saw some ducks, Yellow-legged Plover, Breast Sandpipers, Killdeer, a Farralone Cormorant, many Phainopeplas, Great catchers, Gila Woodpeckers, and Vermilion and Arizona Crested Flycatcher. At night the frogs made so much noise we could hardly get any sleep. March 20: The road was hard almost all day although slept in places, and especially so in a long pass through some mountains. The whole country seems to be of volcanic origin, as we passed lots of pumice stone, and in places, what seemed to be partly molten rock. He found some agates, and other stones just as beautiful. He saw an eagle in the pass, and at a ranch house, a number of Lina, and Mexican Ground Loves. Gila Woodpeckers were numerous. Hill caught a large Black papilio butterfly, a species of which we saw many, but they were very wild. He found a dead Gila Monster in the road near where we camped, and killed a rattlesnake in the same place.

March 26. Saw many Gambel's Quail, Mourning Doves, Palmer's Thrashers, and Phainopeplas. He saw a wild cat from the wagon and Will got out to get it. He did not see it again, but scared up a Nuttall's Poor Will, which he secured. He also shot a male Quail. Camped about eighteen miles from Phoenix, and saw a rattlesnake near the camp. Found a Say's Phoebe's nest in an old well. March 27. Will took a set of Seconte's Thrasher, consisting of only one egg. The egg was badly incubated, and, as he shot the bird, we could see that she would not have laid any more. Howard took a set of Albert's Towhee. Saw several flocks of Dark Buntings, many Mourning and Inca Doves, some Gila Woodpeckers, and a few Bullock's Orioles. Shot a Palmer's Thrasher and two Dark Buntings. Rabbits were more numerous along the road than we had yet seen them. We arrived at Phoenix early in the day and camped near the town. March 28. Remained in camp all day. As we had directed our mail to be sent to Maricopa, we will have to wait until it could be forwarded, and with registered letters this is troublesome. Will took a set of Inca Doves and shot three of the birds. Near the camp there was a Cactus Wren's nest containing large young ones. Mourning and Inca Doves, Albert's Towhee, & and Vermilion Flycatchers are very plentiful and we saw a few Gambel's Quail. The

Inca doves were breeding along the principal streets of the town. The Vermilion Flycatchers stayed mostly in the large cottonwood trees but did not seem to be breeding yet. March 29. Stayed in camp all day. O.W. Howard collected two sets of Albert's Towhee and three of Cactus Wrens, and Will took two sets of Albert's Towhee one of Cactus Wrens and one of Roadrunner. He shot an Inca Dove and a Wilson's Snipe and Rising shot an Albert's Towhee. March 30. Remained in camp all day waiting for our mail. Howard, Will, and Rising each took a set of Inca Doves and Rising shot an Albert's Towhee. March 31. Howard took two, and Will one set of Inca Doves, and Will took a set of three eggs of Albert's Towhee. Will also caught two new butterflies. April 1. Hill and Howard went out together and Rising and I stayed in camp. Hill collected one set of two, one of four and three of three eggs of Albert's Towhee, and Howard took three sets of two and one of three of the same. They saw a large flock of male Yellow-headed Blackbirds, two pairs of Burrowing Owls, and a great many Inca Doves and Albert's Towhees; also what they thought was a Zone-tailed Hawk. A Sharp-shinned Hawk flew past the camp but we did not shoot it, and a Shrike flew off with an Intermediate Sparrow but a short distance

from where ever we were sitting, Palmer's Thrashers were continually near the camp, singing or giving their peculiar, loud whistle from its low branches of some mesquite tree. A small flock of Gambel's Quail remained near the camp continually. April 2. Our letters, with money, came in the morning, and we left Phoenix at about 10: A.M. We crossed the Salt River at Tempe and camped a short distance beyond. Shortly after leaving Phoenix we saw our first Bendire's Thrasher. At first we did not know what it was, but Will found the nest in a small Tree, and shot the male bird, so we soon identified it. Will shot an Albino Red-winged Blackbird out of a large flock. Then with the others it looked pure white, but after he shot it, we saw that it was of a dirty yellowish color, and moulting badly. Still, it was a very strange bird. Will collected a set of Say's Phoebe from an artificial cavern in the side of a hill. C.D. Howard took a set of two, and Rising one of three of Albert's Towhee. Where we crossed the Salt River the water was very deep, rising over the hubs and the tongue. April 3. Passed through Mesa City, and camped several miles beyond. After going through Mesa, we lost the road in a thick grove of mesquite trees, intersected by innumerable roads made by wood- choppers. He were confused by these, and after vainly attempting to find a way out we obliged to camp in the trees.

At noon Will shot a Green-tailed Towhee, and we saw several. C.M. Howard took a set of Palmer's and one of Bendires Thrashers. Will shot the Palmer's Thrasher but we were unable to get the Bendires, which was unfortunate, as the nest, eggs, and birds look very peculiar. Rising took a set of four eggs of the Verdin. Saw flocks of Dark Buntings, Sage Thrashers, Red-winged and Yellow-headed Blackbirds, and many Arkansas Kingbirds, Maegillivray's Warblers and Bay-winged Buntings. April 4. He did not attempt to follow any road but just travelled in the direction we wished to go in. After a while we came to a cattle ranch, where we got water and enquired about the road. At the ranch there was a large reservoir and the Mourning Doves were gathered around it by the hundred. The banks were covered with them and the air was black with those arriving and leaving, and they could be seen coming in a steady stream in every direction. There must have been several thousand in sight at once. Later in the day a Golden Eagle flew past the wagon, closely pursued by a Swainson's Hawk. The Hawk struck at the Eagle several times, but the Eagle easily avoided his onset, and as his assailant darted past, thrust out his talons to capture him, but the Hawk kept out of reach. Several times the Eagle turned completely over in his efforts

to capture his foe. He watched them till they were out of sight, still pursuing the same tactics. We were told that we would be obliged to cross the Gila River before reaching Florence, but we reached the town long after dark, without seeing any water any- where; we found out afterward that we had crossed the 'official bed' of the river in the dark, but it was quite dry. After buying grain for the horses and some crackers and cheese for supper for ourselves, we camped a short distance from the town. Almost all the stores in the place are run by Chinese.. April 5. In the morning, before we left camp, a flock of Brewer's Blackbirds lit close by. Among them was a male with snow-white head and shoulders. Will tried to get him, but the whole flock flew away. During the day O.U. Howard and Will each took a set of Red-tail Hawks. The birds were numerous and we saw many nests in the Giant Cañons, from twelve to eighteen feet from the ground. Palmeis, Bendire's, and Sage Thrashers were very numerous, and we saw some LeConte's and Crissal Thrashers, but not very many. At noon we found a nest of Bendire's Thrasher containing one egg, about six feet above the camp-fire. We found some Thrasher's nests containing young, and some from which the young had flown. A great many Desert Sparrow Hawks were seen, in flocks of eight or ten, apparently migrating. Lark Buntings were plentiful, some of the males beginning to show a good deal of black in the plumage. We travelled until late in the evening when we were obliged to make a 'dry camp.' We had plenty of water with us, though so we did not suffer any.

April 6. In the morning O.W. Howard was up long before dawn-rise, and went for a walk to see what he could find. He had gone but a short distance from the wagon when he flushed a Gambel's Quail from a nest containing ten eggs. The nest was an old Thrasher's nest, in Candle Cartus, about four feet from the ground. He left it undisturbed, as he wished to secure the parent bird with the set. In about two hours he returned and shot the female as she flew from the nest. What was his surprise to find that the bird had laid another egg while he was away. Upon dissecting her, however, the set was found to be complete. During the day several sets of Palmer's and Bendire's Thrasher and two sets of Plumbeous Gnateatchers were taken. Will and I examined a nest of Red-tail Hawks, which contained two very young birds. They were queer looking things with their white down, and huge abdomens. There was a great difference in its size, one being a third larger than the other. We saw many flocks of Dark Buntings, and a great many Sparrow Hawks. The Sparrow Hawks seemed to be feeding on the grasshoppers, which were swarming on all sides. In the evening we camped near a cattle ranch. There were many dead cattle around and near them, we saw two birds which were probably Caracaras. We were unable to get a shot at them. April 7. At noon one of the horses became so badly foundered that we had to stop until late in the afternoon, when he became sufficiently strong to stagger on till we reached a railroad section house and found we were about six miles from Tucson. The grain we bought at Florence was poorly crushed and was

probably the cause of the horses illness. Four sets of Palmer's and six of Bendire's Thrasher were taken during the day. We saw many flocks of Lark Buntings, Red-tailed and other Hawks, Plumbeous Grasshopper, Green-tailed and Cañon Towhees, Gilded Flickers, Black-throated and some other small Sparrows, [illegible]'s Warbler and an Arizona Hooded Oriole. Will captured a Gila Monster and brought it in triumph to the camp, suspended by a rope. When we got in camp for the night O.W. Howard was nowhere to be seen. He often wandered from the wagon while we were travelling so we thought nothing of it and sat down to supper. Afterward, as it grew late we began to get worried so we lit the lantern and placed it on top of the wagon and Will blew the horn, which can be heard for miles. Late at night Howard came in ragged and hungry. At first he would say nothing as to where he had been, but finally he told us. Early in the afternoon, as he was walking through a grove of mesquite trees, for from the wagon, he had stumbled onto some cattle. Most of them ran, but a young bull charged him and forced him to retreat up a tree, and then kept him there until sun-set, when he left. He then had the luck of finding the wagon in the dark, in a [illegible] country unknown to him, and over ground covered with cactus. After walking a long time he heard the horn and knew then that he was all right Apr. 8. Drove to Tucson, although the horse was so stiff as to be almost unable to travel. Three sets of Bendire's Thrasher and one of Verdin were taken during the day. Saw a pair of Arizona Pyrrhuloxias, Arizona Hooded Orioles,

Cañon and Green-tailed Towhees. Apr. 9. Remained near Tucson until evening, when we drove several miles beyond and camped near the university. We visited Mr. Herbert Brown and had dinner with him, and he gave us a good deal of information about the country we were going through. Apr. 10. Drove out to a ranch near Ft. Lowell and camped there so as to put the horses in pasture and give them a rest. Ten sets of Palmer's and one of Bendire's Thrasher were taken. Will shot a female Pyrrhuloxia. We saw many jack-rabbits, some of the common species, but most of them were the large Antelope Jacks, with white hindquarters. Will shot one. Apr. 11. During the day we took two sets of Bendires and three of Palmer's Thrasher, two of Vermilion Flycatcher, one of Plumbeous Gnatcatcher, and one of Phainopepla. We shot two Elf Owls, two Macgillivray's Warblers, a pair of Vermilion Fly- catchers and a Verdin. Rising and a young fellow living at the ranch went up in the mountains and did not get back until 9:30 P.M. They were all tired out as the mountains are extremely rough. They said they saw Cañon Wrens, Scott's Orioles and Townsend's Solitaires. Apr. 12. O.W. Howard and Will collected four sets of Vermilion Flycatchers, two of Bendire's Thrasher, two of Mexican Screech Owl, one of Red-tailed Hawk and one of Cañon Towhee. They killed a Mexican Screech Owl, a Cañon Towhee, a Vermilion Flycatcher and an Elf Owl. Apr. 13. O.W. Howard, Will, myself, and an acquaintance we made here, named Will Harrison, started up into the mountains to a place known as the 'Basin'. The way we went there was no trail; we traveled right up the cañon and had a very rough time of it. Near the mouth of the cañon we saw a pair of

Solitary Sandpipers, some Killdeer, one or two Wilson's Snipe and a Kingfisher. A little further up we saw some Cardinals; Howard took a set of White-winged Dove, and Will found a nest of Broad-billed Hummer with one egg, which he left. There were also two sets of Vermilion Flycatcher taken. Will shot a Pygmy Owl. About now the 'trail' became exceedingly rough and we had to stop collecting. We soon came to an immense water fall, and we had to go far up the side of the canon to get around it. It was blowing hard and it was very steep climbing, so it was far from pleasant. On the other side of the canon, next to the water fall the cliff jutted out into an immense, projecting rocks around which there were hundreds of White-throated Swifts flying. The traveling became more and more rough, it being nothing but scrambling and climbing over huge slippery rocks, and it became very tiresome, as we never had more than a few feet of level ground to walk on at a time. At about dusk we came to a small flat piece of ground, where there was plenty dry wood, and we decided to camp there for the night, as we did not know how much further we would have to go. A little before reaching this place Howard took a set of Canyon Wrens out of its rocks. Apr. 14. The night was exceedingly cold, but we had a big fire all night. The frogs made a terrific noise all night, sounding more like the bleating of a lot of goats than anything else; in fact Howard took the first one he heard for a Mountain Sheep, though what kind of a noise they make I don't know. We had breakfast early and went on up the canon, arriving at the 'Basin' at 9:45 A.M. It is a pretty place with a great many trees and other vegetation. It is called the Basin from the fact that three or

four streams run together here; it is fairly easy to travel around it in almost any direction but the one we came. Arizona Jays were quite common, and Howard and Will took five sets between them, while I shot one of the birds, which were very wild. We saw a flock of small sparrows migrating, some Scott's Orioles, Bridled Tits, 3 black-throated Gray Warblers, Cañon, and Rock Wrens. I saw a Townsend's Solitaire, and Howard saw several. They were very tame, and I walked within six feet of one. Will found two Hawks' nests, apparently Cooper's, one with one egg, and the other nest unfinished. We saw one Hawk in the canyon, apparently yet black, but did not get a shot at it. We started for home at three o'clock. We did not return the way we came, but went back on the regular trail. It was much easier than the other way, but still pretty rough, especially as we lost the trail two or three times. Howard found a small Indian stone hatchet head. We got out of the mountains at dusk, but the foot of the trail was a long way from our camp, and it was late in the evening when we reached it. Apr. 15. We stayed in camp all day, as we were pretty tired. Will and Howard rigged up their water flume and blew about 100 Throats' eggs, and a lot of Verdin's, Gnatcatchers, Jays, Vermilion Flycatchers and others; while I skinned birds. There are a number of Bee-eaters near the camp, and all day there are ten to fifteen Arkansas, and Cassin's Kingbirds around preying on the trees. Apr. 16. Broke camp and traveled as far as Tanque Verde, where we camped in a broad wash with a little water in it. Rising and I went in the wagon, while Howard and Will went up the canyon to get some sets found on the 13th. They also got two sets of Black-chinned Hummingbirds, three of Bendire's Throats.

Two of Vermilion Flycatchers, and a set of Gambel's Quail with a mint egg. It was very windy all day and we saw many White-throated Swifts. I shot a jack-rabbit from the wagon and we skinned it for supper. Apr. 17. As there were many birds around we stayed in camp till eleven o'clock. We saw many Canyon and Green-tailed Towhees, Cardinals, Black-headed Grosbeaks, Least and Solitary Sandpipers, White-winged Doves, Wilson's Snipe, and Macgillivray's Warbler. Rising took a set of Gila Woodpeckers and the female and Will caught an Elf Owl alive. We travelled the rest of the day through a long pass over rough stony roads, and had to make a dry camp for the night. Saw a small bunch of Mule Deer. Apr. 18. It was a very cold night, and as we had barely enough fuel with which to cook our meals we were very uncomfortable, and glad to get up and leave in the morning. We traveled all day over very poor roads. Harvard took several sets of Vermilion Flycatchers; and one of Say's Phoebes out of an old well at a deserted ranch house. Rising took a set of Texas Woodpecker, and I found a nest of Red Hooded Oriole, with four eggs in a quara. Will shot a male Scott's Oriole and an Elf Owl. Saw a great many Black-throated Sparrows, one or two carrying building material, and Will found an unfinished nest in a brush about a foot from the ground. Also saw a flock of Yellow-headed Blackbirds around a ranch house; and I saw a few Scaled Quail, the first we have seen. Apr. 19. Drove through Benson, and camped in a grove of mesquite trees near the San Pedro River. We got in camp early and skinned some birds. Black-throated and Vesper Sparrows were very common. We tried to cook a mess

of beans in the alkali water of the river and found it a most discouraging task. Apr. 20. Drove through Fairbanks to Tombstone. The telegraph poles along the road were perforated with Woodpecker holes, and Howard took a set of the Texan out of one of many he had examined. Between Fairbanks and Tombstone we saw a flock of Scaled Quail, and two birds were shot. There was no collecting done as there was to vegetation but a few scrubby bushes. We camped a short distance from the town. Apr. 21. Remained in camp all day and put up a few birds. Will went to town after any mail that might be there, and came near being arrested as a detective from a company of cavalry that had just left. Apr. 22. Stayed in camp all day waiting for our mail. No collecting was done, with the exception of a few Black-throated Sparrow and a Wright's Flycatcher that I put up. Apr. 23. Remained in camp until noon, when we got our mail. We then packed up and taveled ten miles to a place called Charleston, on the San Pedro River. It was once a good sized mining town, but now there is nothing there but ruined adobe buildings, occupied by rats, and Phoebes. Will shot a Scaled Quail. In the evening we heard a good many Poor Wills calling. Apr. 24. Drove from Charleston to the Huachuca Mt., arriving there about noon. The whole way we travelled over a flat plain covered with dry grass, and with a very few mesquite trees and yuccas growing in places. Will took a set of Texan Woodpeckers out of a yucca, and found an unfinished nest of Savannah Sparrow. Shore larks were plentiful and we shot a male. The wind blew with great violence until we reached the

foot of the mountains, where we were protected from it. We drove up Ramsey Canon about a mile and a half, as far as the wagon road went and camped. On the way up Howard took a set of Ariz. Jays. We saw a great many Bridled and Lead-colored Tit, and Black-throated Grey Warblers. Apr. 25. In the morning I walked up the canon about half a mile. Birds were very plentiful. Saw some Ruby-crowned Kinglets, Black-throated Gray, and Townsend's Warblers, a Painted Redstart, a flock of Pine Siskins, some Scott's Orioles, a pair of Long-crested Jays, a flock of Band- tailed Pigeons Spurred Towhees, Canon Wrens and Lincoln's Finches. There were a great many Warblers high up in the pines, out of gunshot, and lower down were many Pileated Warblers, and Hammond's Flycatchers. Saw a pair of Rivoli Hummingbirds but did not disturb them. Spent most of the day in putting up the tent and fixing the camp. Apr. 26. Howard and Rising went collecting, leaving Will and myself in camp skinning birds. After we had finished we went out and shot a few more; a Flammulated Screech Owl, a Townsend's, a Western and a Black- throated Grey Warbler, a Painted Redstart, and two Siskins. The other two came back with five sets of Arizona Jays and a set of Rock Wrens. They did not go at all high up in the mountains. I saw a single male Sozuli Bunting. Apr. 27. Howard Will and myself walked several miles up the canon. We had not gone far before we struck a small flock of Townsend's Warblers. Will shot two, and while he was fixing them I shot at a small warbler [illegible] that I did not recognize, flying

in some bushes. I secured it and found it was an adult male Red-faced Warbler, the first we had seen. We shot five more during the day. Painted Redstarts were fairly common. We saw a number of Aziz. Jays but as we got higher up in the mountains they became less and less common, and we saw more of the Song crested. Saw some Band-tailed Pigeons, a good many Bridled Chickadees, Pygmy Nuthatches and Townsend's Solitaire. Many of these birds seem to be migrating. We saw many Town- send's Warblers, but all were males. In one place we flushed a pair of Stephen's Whip-poor-wills out of the bushes but did not get a shot at them. Shot several Arizona Junco's and one Grey Headed. In the afternoon, while we were skimming birds we heard a bird close by, the note of which we did not recognize. After some trouble Rising secured it, and it turned out to be a Cores Flycatcher; a few minutes after, he shot another. The note was very similar to the Olive-sided Flycatcher. Apr. 28. Today we shot a number of Townsend's Warblers, all males, a Western Warbler, a Red-faced, and a Grace's Warbler, the first we have seen. Will went off alone and came back with a set of Painted Redstarts, but the birds of this kind do not seem to be breeding here yet. Apr. 29. Today we saw a great many Townsend's Warblers, the bulk of them being females, the first we have seen. Shot a male Hepatic Tanager, a Hammond's Flycatcher, and a Flammulated Screech Owl. I saw a pair of Bower's Sparrow which were evidently breeding but I could not find the nest.

Apr. 30. During the day we put up a number of Townsend's Western, and Red-faced Warblers. Will also shot a couple of Canor Towhees, and an Arizona Woodpecker. These were secured near the mouth of the Canon. May 1. Rising and myself went up the canon, and secured a number of Townsend's and Western Warblers. We also shot a 'Huachua Squirrel'. We saw a good many Painted Redstart and some Band-tailed Pigeons. While Will was skinning birds, he saw a warbler in the camp, that he did not recognize. It was the only one in camp, and the shotguns were all gone, so he hurriedly loaded one of his .45 rifle shells with shot; and walking within about ten feet of the bird, he shot it. It turned out to be Virginia's Warbler, which we had not seen before. May 2 Will and Howard went to Fairbanks with the wagon, after supplies. I shot several birds, among them an Arizona Woodpecker, and put them up. Saw a pair of Poor Wills but could not get a shot at them, and saw some Hawks that I was unable to identify. In the evening saw another Poor Will. May 3. In the morning I shot two Green-tailed Towhees, an Olive- Backed Thrush, an Arizona Woodpecker and a Townsend's Warbler. I also killed a rattlesnake about three feet long, of very pretty greenish-yellow color. Will and Howard got back

in the afternoon much earlier than we expected them. They saw seventeen antelope on the plain below, but did not get any, although Will shot at them. They also saw a melanistic Thrasher that they were unable to get; also many Scaled Quail, a flock of Yellow-headed Black birds, some Cardinals, and a few Crissal Thrashers. They shot two Scaled Quail, an Arizona Pyrrhuloxia, two Black-throated Sparrow, a Vermilion Flycatcher and a Shorelark. Howard collected a set of Crissal Thrashers. May 4. I skinned birds while Howard and Will went up the canon. They shot some Townsend's, Western and Red-faced Warblers. They saw two deer, and Will shot at them without any results. Will found a nest of Black-throated Gray Warblers, just finished. May 5. In the afternoon Will jumped two deer and fired at them twice times without getting either. We killed a Frosted Po'Will, a Grace's, and some Townsend's and Red-faced Warblers, an Arizona Junco, and an Hepatic Tanager. Will took a set of Mexican Creeper, and found an unfinished nest of Black-throated Gray Warbler. May 6. We all four went collecting today going further up in the mountains than we had yet been. We stayed together until we reached the divide of the mountains, when the three of us got separated from Rising, who went further north along the divide. The wind was blowing a gale, and as there were no birds on the unprotected ridge, we descended into a sheltered canon. We had not gone far before we jumped two

dees. Howard fired two shot at each, missing one, and killing the other. After cleaning it, we started down the canon back to the camp. On the way back, on a steep side hill, covered with slippery pine needles, and about three hundred yards from the bottom of its canon, I flushed an Arizona Junco off of its nest, which contained three eggs. After packing away the set, we sat down to wait for the bird, as we were not sure if it was the Arizona or Grey Headed Junco. It was very wild, not returning for fully fifteen minutes, and when it did return, it was very difficult to get a shot at it, but I finally secured it. Rising went much further than we did. After going quite a ways on the divide he descended down another canon, down that to the mouth, and up our canon to where we were camped. He saw Chestnut-backed Bluebirds, Pygmy Nuthatches, a great many Arizona Junco, and some Western Robins. We shot a number of Townsend's and Red-faced Warblers, a Scott's Oriole, two Hepatic Tanagers and two Green-tailed Towhees. May 7. In the morning Will and myself binned birds and in the afternoon we went with Howard to a Hawks nest he found in the next canon. He took a set of four eggs from the nest, and Will shot at the bird but did not get it. What kind it is I don't know. Howard took a set of Arizona Jays and found two unfinished nests of the Bridled Tit. One of these was in the same tree as the Hawks nest, not more than six or eight feet from it. The other nest, the birds will probably desert

as we had to cut a large hole in the trees to see it. We saw a Western Warbler and a flock of Band-tailed Pigeons but did not get any. Resizing shot two Townsend's and a Margilliray's Warbler around the camps while we were away. May & Will and I walked up the canon, leaving the others in camp. We shot eight Townsend's Warblers, seven of which were females, and the eight a male in plumage almost identical with the female. This would seem to indicate that the males do not get their full plumage on the spring following the year in which they were hatched, especially as we have shot several males in this plumage. The first week we were here all the Townsend's Warblers we saw were males. Now they are about all females. I do not know if this applies to the Western Warblers as well, as they have been much more rare all through. We also shot a Grace's Warbler and a female White-throated Swift. From the hairy of the Swift, they are evidently not laying yet. While we were gone Howard shot a Flammulated Screech Owl and said that he saw two more. Birds are coming in here very fast. There are lots of Cassin's, Plumbrous and Warbling Vireos, Hepatic and Louisiana Tanagers, Blake- Headed Grosbeaks, and Western House Wrens around, while a few days ago there were hardly any, or none, to be seen. Saw a Golden Eagle, and a few Band-tailed Pigeons, and two Western Warblers.

May 9. I stayed in camp all day skinning birds while the rest went collecting. They shot several Townsend's, Western and Red-faced Warblers, some Core's Flycatchers and a number of other birds. Rising saw five deer. Saw a number of Cassin's and Warbling Vireos around the camps. May 10. We all stayed in camp all day, skinning birds, blowing eggs, and Cleaning thing up, and no collecting was done. May 11. Rising went to the fort after our mail, and the rest of us went Together up the canon. Will found a set of Lead-colored Bush-Tit and shot both birds. The nest was in a thin scraggly bush not more than two feet from the ground; a very different locality from the nest in California. Howard took a set of Song-crested Jays and found several nests con- taining one egg each. We shot two Flammulated Screech Owls, Three Core's Flycatchers and some other birds. May 12. Howard and Rising went collecting together. They got a set of Lead- colored Bush-tits, and shot some birds. May 13. Howard and Will went down to the valley after Raven's eggs. They shot a White-necked Raven and five Shovarkers. I went up the canon a short distance. Among other birds I shot a Western Warbler and saw a great many Townsend's. May 14. Rising went after deer today but did not get any. The others went after birds. They shot a Bond-tailed Pigeon, a Song-crested Jay, some Red-faced Warblers, a Painted Redstart, and some other birds.

May 15. Howard was the only one to go collecting today. He brought in a set of Arizona Junco with the parent bird; and shot another Junco, a Cane's Flycatcher, a Townsend's Warbler, and an Iliplati Tanager. May 16. Howard, Rising and myself went collecting in a canon, north of us. Rising found a Redtails' nest, in some dry leaves, under a lot of dead branches; and about one hundred feet from the stream in the bottom of the canon. It was very well concealed; in fact you could thrust your arm halfway to the elbow, in the cavity in which this nest was placed. We only found it by seeing the bird fly to the nest. While the nest and eggs were being packed, I shot the female bird. I also shot a Poor Will, and a very fine male Scott's Oriole; and saw and heard several more of the orioles. In some live oaks at the mouth of the canon, Vermilion Flycatchers were numerous, and I saw a female Bluebird fly in a hole in the same locality, but there was no nest in it. Among the oaks Cassin's Kingbirds were very numerous; and I saw one pair of Arizona Woodpeckers, and, in a very small bunch of Tule's a pair of Yellowthroat. On its way back we saw some Ravens, and shot a Screech Owl. Will heard some Long-tailed Chats singing around the camp. May 17. I stayed in camp, while Will went collecting, as I had a number of birds to skin. Will found a nest of Virginia's Warbler in a part of this mountains he had not explored before. He took the set but was unable to get the bird as he only had his rifle with him. He also

saw a pair of Massena Quail, a few Broad-billed Hummers, a hummer that he was unable to identify, several Grace's and one Olive Warbler. He found four nests of the Chestnut-backed Bluebird, but there was nothing in any of them. May 18. Rising went to the fort after the mail, while Howard and I went to the cañon just south of here. The wind was blowing very hard, making collecting difficult. In a small side cañon, little more than a gully, we saw a pair of Red-faced Warblers. After watching them for quite a while one of them flew to the ground and disappeared, while the other flew off. Howard went to where the bird vanished in the ground, and, after hunting around for a while, flushed her off of her nest, which contained a full set. We also got a set of Song-crested Jays, one of Painted Redstart, and found an unfinished nest of the House Wren; several of the Song-crested Jay. We also found an unfinished nest of the Rivoli Hummingbird, overhanging the trail, and about twenty feet from the ground. We shot the female bird of each set taken; and a male Virginia Warbler, which was sitting, singing loudly, on a branch of a Pine tree, almost out of range. I had never heard one sing before, and did not know what I had shot until I picked it up. On the way home we a flock of about forty Band-tailed Pigeons, and I shot at one with the cow-gun, but did not get it. On its account of the wind, we only got four butterflies. In the mouth of the

Canon. I saw several Canon Towhees. Will shot a Poor Will in the evening. May 19. Will and myself stayed in camp while Howard and Rising went up the canon. They brought back an Olive-backed Thrush, and another, apparently, allied to the Hermit Thrush; a Long-crested Jay, and a female Hummingbird. They found the rest of the summer but were unable to get it. Will and I after skinning our birds, walked down the canon, to look for another Poor Will that he shot last night. We did not find it, and shot nothing else. Saw two Western Robins. In the evening Riety, Will and I, tried to get some Poor Wills; We saw several and Will shot at one but did not get it. May 20. Howard and myself went over to Millie's Canon. We collected a set of Painted Redstarts, by a spring and just a few feet from the water; and nearly, a set of Ariz. Jays. On coming up over the divide at the head of the canon, we saw three pigeons in some oak trees, and I managed to kill one with the cane-gun. I also shot a male Chestnut-backed Bluebird, and an Arizona Junco. I shot at what Howard thought was a Buff-breasted Flycatcher, and at what looked to be a Melanistic Audubon's Warbler, but got neither. On the divide we saw a number of Western Robins, Nuthatches, Mexican Crecpies, Violet-green Swallows, White-throat Swifts, and Chestnut-backed Bluebirds. Saw some Audubon's Warbler

but not many. On the way down the canon we killed a peculiar looking rattlesnake. It was only about eighteen inches long, and was of a dirty gray color with small, oblong black spots along the back. When we got back to camp we found that Will had put up a Band-tailed Pigeon, an Arizona Woodpecker, and a Shov- lar. May 21. Will and Rising went out collecting, and Howard and myself stayed in camp. I skinned the birds that we killed yesterday, and packed a number of other skins for shipment. Then I helped Howard with an Arbor that he was building over the table. The others killed a Poor Will and a Buff-breasted Flycatcher, and took a set of Painted Redstart with the parent birds. May 22. In the morning Will and Rising went up the canon, while Howard and I remained in camp. They returned with a set of Painted Redstart with the male bird, a pair of Arizona Junos, and a male Coste's Hummingbird. They jumped three deer and killed one apiece, letting the third go, although they could easily have shot it. In the morning after skinning some birds, I walked up to the spring with the shotgun. There was a flock of Pigeons there and I managed to get one of them. I also saw a pair of Stephens Whippoorwill but did not get a shot at them. In the afternoon Howard and myself went over to Brown's Canon, to collect a set of Bridled Tits, that he found on

the 7th. There were five eggs in the nest; as soon as the eggs were removed, before Howard had reached the ground, the female bird began to remove what he had left of the outside of the nest, taking it out and dropping it on the ground as fast as she could. We found what appeared to be a Band-tailed Pigeon's nest, and flushed a pair of the birds from an adjoining tree. There are a good many Chats around camp now. May 23. In the morning Will and myself skinned birds, while the others went collecting to the mouth of the Canon. Howard took a set of Vermilion Flycatchers and shot both birds. I also shot an Olive-sided Flycatcher, the first we have seen, and two immature Shorelarks, nearly as large as adult birds. After skinning these birds I went up to the spring and managed to kill another pigeon. May 24. Will and Howard went to Tanner's Canon. They took a set of Vermilion Flycatchers, shooting the bird; also a male Shorelark, and a warbler we could not identify. I shot a Song-crested Jay. May 25. Howard, Rising and myself went up the canon. We took a set of Mexican Creepers, and a set of Western House Wrens that I [illegible] found on the 13th; and also a set of Hawks. What the Hawk is we don't know as we could not get the bird. We shot the pair of Creepers with the set but were unable to get the Wren. Also shot three Arizona Junco, an Olive-backed Thrush, a female Rivoli Hummingbird, and a Song-crested Jay. Rising saw

a pair of Massena Partridges; and we all saw several Golden Eagles It was cloudy all day and in the afternoon a little rain fell. May 26. Howard and Will went collecting in the canyon south of us. They took two sets of Revoli Hummingbird, and shot both female birds, and a Long-crested Jay. May 27. Howard and myself went collecting up to the divide. In the box canyon, we found a nest of Painted Redstart, with large young in a place we pass every day. We found building two Core's Flycatchers' nest, on Hepatica Tonager, Plumbeous Vireo, Black- throated Grey Warbler, and Wood Pewee. The nests of the Core's Flycatchers were placed at the end of pine branches, high above the ground, and will be very difficult to get at. Howard went up to a Bridled Tit's nest that he found several days ago. He thought they were building but the nest contained large young. We took two sets of Long-crested Jay, and one of Arizona Game. We shot the female Gundo with the set, a Band-tailed Pigeon, and a Bowers's Sparrow. Near the divide I saw a Violet-green Swallow fly in a hole in a tree but it stayed in only an instant, and we did not stop to examine. There was a sort of blue 'flower de lis' growing very abundantly on a steep hillside near the divide. We each of us killed a small rattlesnake. Will went to the Fort after its mail and took two sets of Shore Larks.

May 28. I stayed in camp all day, while Will went after a Scott's Oriole nest that he found some time ago, and took a set of three eggs from it. He also found a nest of Virginia's Warbler containing young birds. Howard shot a small Screech Owl close to the camp. He and Will went collecting later in the afternoon but only took a set of Black Phoebes in its Box County and shot a Band-tailed Pigeon. I skinned the birds we brought in yesterday. The Boreads Sparrow was a female and looked as if it would not be breeding for some time yet. The Pigeon was also a female, but looked as if it would be breeding very soon. In the afternoon it was cloudy with a little rain. Two young Aiz. Jays that Howard brought home on its 26th seem to be doing very well. May 29. Will and Rising went up the Canon, while Howard went down to the Valley. He took two sets of a hawk that he could not identify, two sets of Vermilion Flycatchers; and shot three Vermilion Flycatchers and six Shore Dales. He also saw three antelope, at a distance. Will and Rising killed a Whippoorwill in which was an egg ready to be laid. Will took a set of Red-faced Warbler and Rising, one of Lead-colored Bush Tit.

May 30. Will and Howard went to Fairbanks after supplies. I stayed in camp, skinning bird all day, and there was no collecting done. An Oliv-sided Flycatcher stayed on a dead tree in the camp, all day. May 31. Rising went collecting in Cari's Canon. He found a nest of Cow's Flycatcher and one of Red-faced Warbler building, and shot a Band-tailed Pigeon but got no eggs. In the afternoon the others returned from Fairbanks. They shot four Scaled Quail, two Black-throated Sparrow, an Arizona Pyrrhuloxia, a White-winged and a Mexican Ground Dove, and a White-crowned Sparrow (Gonotrichia leucophrys). They took two sets of Least Tires, each with a Cowbird's egg in it. They saw a number of Dwarf Cowbirds; some in the mouth of the canon, where they also saw a flock of Scaled Quail. In the San Pedro River they saw some ducks and a White-faced Glossy Ibis. June 1. I skinned the birds that were brought in yesterday, while Will and Howard went up the canon, and Rising went to Cari's Canon. Will took a set of Virginia Warbler with the female bird, and also shot a Broad-tailed Hummingbird. They saw some warblers, they were unable either to shoot or identify, and saw two Great Horned Owls, with a lot of Arizona Jays after them. There are not as many Jays around the camp as there were. I suppose the Cari's Jays go down the canon, where there are

more oaks to breed in, while the Long-eared, go higher up in the pines. June 2. Will and myself went up the Canon to the divide. We found a set of Ariz. Junco, and one of Western House Wren. Shot a female Ariz. Woodpecker, and an Hepatic Tanager. The Tanager was in the greenish-yellow plumage of its female, but on dissecting turned out to be a male. As this bird was not hatched this year, this would seem to show that they take more than one year in getting their full plumage. White-throated Swifts were, as usual, very numerous on the divide, and flying low. We saw no Lincoln's Finches nor have we seen any for some time. The Green-tailed Towhees seem to have disappeared also. Howald went collecting down in the valley. He brought back a set of hawk's eggs that he found on May 29th, but did not succeed in getting the bird. He also took four sets of White-necked Raven, and one of Say's Phoebe. The Say's Phoebe's nest was built on a shelf in a deserted adobe house. Most of the Raven nests had pieces of gunny sack or rope in the lining. June 3. We all stayed in camp and no collecting was done. I skinned birds in the morning and the others blew eggs. In the afternoon walks up to the spring; I saw just one Pigeon, but could not get a shot at it. In the morning Will found a nest of Cassin's Kingbird in a tree

near the camp. Saw more Housefinches than we have yet seen, and found a nest containing young near the camp. They are not common here. June 4. Howard Will and myself went down in th e ralley collecting. We looked in the dry washes leading from Ramsey, Cari's and Miller's Canons. There are far more birds in these washes than a person would imagine, and they are the only places where there are any trees. Will took a set of Cari's Towhees, with both birds. We also took a set of Black-chinned Hummingbird, Several set of Vermilion Flycatcher, and White-necked Raven, and one set of Swainson's Hawk, which is the bird that Howard has been taking the eggs of. We shot two of the Hawks and found several nests containing young. We also shot seven Vermilion Flycatchers and a Shorelark. Saw a great many Arkansas Kingbirds, and found many of their nests, but saw no Cassin's. Ravens were very numerous, and several nests were found with incomplete sets, besides many sets that were taken. Their nests are built in almost any tree, high or low, in the washes. They have a very offensive smell, as they are almost always lined with hair taken from dead cattle. We had no butterfly net along but Will caught two butterflies, one a very rare one, with his hand. The weather was very hot and butterflies were numerous. Saw many Lark Sparrows, one Ash-throated Flycatcher, a young Road Runner and a few

Violet-green Swallows. June 5. Rising was the only one who went collecting today. He found two nests of Red-faced Warbler, one of Arizona Junco, and found two Painted Redstarts, each containing young but got no eggs and shot no birds. The rest of us stayed in camp, skinning birds and blowing eggs. June 6. Will and Howard went to the Fort and Rising went over the divide to the other slope of the mountains. Will and Howard brought back eight sets of White-necked Raven, one of Swainson's Hawk, and one of Vermilion Flycatcher. They shot three Arizona Woodpeckers, two of them immature, a Vermilion Flycatcher, and an Ariz. Goldfinch. Rising shot a Stephen's Whip-poor-will, and a male Red-tailed Hummingbird. On the other side of the divide most of the timber is pine, and he saw few birds but Cow's Flycatcher, a few Band-tailed Pipits, and some Long-crested Jays, of which he found two nests that he could not get at. He also found a nest of Cow's Flycatcher. June 7. Rising, Howard and Will went up the canyo, while I stayed in camp and skinned birds. Rising went up a tree to secure a Wren's nest that he thought he had located, but in chopping into it, he was surprised to find a Flammulated Screech Owl setting on two badly incubated eggs. Howard and Will took a set of Plumbeous Vireos, the nest

of which was found building on May 27th. They shot the male bird, which was sitting on the eggs, and also shot two White-throated Swifts, June 8. In the morning Will and I skinned the birds shot yesterday. The Swifts were females; one had laid part of her set; the other would not lay for some time yet. We had intended to try for their eggs but thought it a little early yet. In the afternoon, Will, Howard and myself went up around the box canyon. We saw several Swift nests that we may be able to get at, and shot two of the birds. Howard took two sets of Plumbeous Vireos, and shot the parent birds. We also shot a Buff-breasted and an Olivaceous Flycatcher. Found a nest of Cone's Flycatchers and saw two Stephen's Vireos which acted as if they had a nest but we were unable to find it. Will skinned the birds that were shot and said that one of the Swifts, and the Olivaceous Flycatcher, each laid their set. June 9. We spent almost all morning in trying to get at some Swift's nest. Howard, by letting himself over the face of the cliff on the rope, managed to get to where he could look into a nest, and saw an egg, but could not reach it. In the afternoon I stayed in camp. The others went back to the Swift nests, and this time Howard managed to get the egg, with spoon fastened on a stick. The egg was outside the nest lying on the

rock and had a small hole in the side. Another nest was examined but they were unable to reach into it. Swifts were also seen flying in circles in different parts of the cliff. Saw a pair of Ariz. Hooded Orioles and a Black-headed Grosbeak feeding on the mescal tree in camp. Late evening a number of Poor Wills were heard calling, and one came and hovered almost over the table while we were eating. June 10. Rising went over to Carr's Canon after some nests he found some time ago, and the rest of us went up Ramsey Canon. A short distance from camp Will got a set of (?) Hummingbird, and shot the female bird. Above the box canon Howard went up a pine tree to examine a Cow's Flycatcher nest that he found. There was nothing in it, but on a limb a little above, was a nest of Buff-breasted Flycatchers, containing four eggs. He had some difficulty in getting the nest as it was pretty well out on a limb about fifty feet from the ground, but with the aid of a rope, the set was secured, and the female bird shot. The male we shot on the 8th was probably its mate. Will secured a set of Rivoli Hummingbird in the same place and shot the female bird. A nest of Black-throated Grey Warbler was found nearby, containing young. Further up the canon, Howard climbed to a Black-throated Grey Warbler that he found on May 27th, but the joys had destroyed it. He took a set of three Hepatic Tanagers, the nest of which was also found on May 27th;

and on the same limb, about four feet away Will took a set of Corre's Flycatcher. We shot both Tanagers, and one of the Flycatchers. Also shot an immature Bridled Tit, almost full grown. Rising returned with a set of Red-faced Warblers; and shot a Long Crested Jay. Will and I skinned the birds shot before supper. June 11. I stayed in camp while the others went up the Canon after some nest of Corre's Flycatchers that Howard had found on May 27th. and also a set of Tanagers of Wills. With some difficulty they got the first set but the other was altogether inaccessible even with the rope. They threw the egg out of the nest, trusting to catching them with the butterfly net, but two out of the three were broken or limbs, though the other was saved. They secured the set of Tanagers, but could not get the birds. Will also took a set of Long-crested Jay and Rising one of Western House Wren. June 12. Everybody stayed in camp skinning birds, blowing egg, etc., and there was no collecting done. June 13. Howard and Will went after some Corre's Flycatcher's nest that they had located, and Rising and myself started up the Canon, intending to go to the divide and return home by way of Tower's Canon. We got as far as the top of the divide, when we saw a deer under some pine trees. I tried to stalk it, but it disappeared. A few minutes later

we saw it on a ledge of rock about 125 yards away. It was facing us, outlined against the sky, a little above us. I shot at it, and the ball passing through its wings and spine it dropped in its tracks and was dead before we reached it. There were a great many Pygmy Nuthatches around and I shot these. We also killed an Arizona Junco, a Chestnut-backed Bluebird, a Song-crested Jay, and a Broad-tailed Hummingbird. As we had to bring the deer back to camp we did not go any further. We saw what appeared to be a male Blue-throated Hummingbird. The others returned with an old Whip-poor-will and two young birds and C. H. Wood Peewee. They collected a set of Buff- breasted Flycatchers, the nest of which was placed high in a pine tree, but close to the trunk, and shot one of the birds. They also took a set of Black-chinned Hummingbird, California Woodpecker, and Western Wood Peewee. One of the Cord's Flycatcher's nest they went after was deserted, and the other turned out to be a Wood Peewee. They saw a pair of Virginia Warbler, which probably had young nearby; and a Bower's Sparrow. June 14. Howard and Will went down to the San Pedro River with its wagon, and Rising went over to Bear Canon. I stayed in camp alone, all day; and as none of the others returned, all night also.

June 15. I stayed in camp all day. Rising returned about noon. He shot a Band-tailed Pigeon, a Long-crested Jay, and a pair of Hepate's Tanagers. He also collected a set of Cone's Flycatchers, and shot the female bird. I skinned the birds he brought back, in the afternoon. The others got back about sundown. They shot three Scaled Quail, two Cañon Towhees, two Traill's Flycatchers, a White-winged and Mex. Ground Dove, two Black-throated Sporious, and a Frosted Bob Will. They took eight or ten sets of Ravens, a set of Swainson's Hawk, and two sets of Black-throated Sparrows, one with a Diver Cowbird, egg in it. They also took sets of Traill's Flycatcher, and Yellow Warbler with Cowbirds eggs. The Scaled Quail as evidently breeding. June 16. Everybody stayed in camp today skinning birds, blowing eggs, etc. In the afternoon I went up the cañon after wood, and found a Rivoli Hummingbird's nest building. It was in a tree that Howard took a set of Plumbeous Vireos out of on the 8th. June 17. In the morning Will, Howard and myself went after Swift's nest. Will went over one of the cliffs, but found nothing. We saw a number of Band-tailed Pigeons. Rising went over to Tanner's Cañon. He shot a Nutting's Flycatcher, a Painted Redstart, a Bridled Tit, or a Baird's Wren. It saw three Buff-breasted Flycatchers. In the afternoon, while after

wood, I saw a pair of Rivoli Hummingbirds in the box canon, but did not find their nest. They may belong to the nest I found yesterday June 18. In the morning I stayed in Camp while the others went after Swift eggs. They got a set of three eggs out of the nest in which they found a single egg on the 9th. Rising shot a Redstart. It was cloudy all day, and in the afternoon we had thunder showers June 19. In the morning Howard went over on to the cliff after swifts. He managed to get to a nest but could not reach into it. Each nest he had examined, the bird remained in, and could not be forced out of, crouching back in the crevice, out of reach. Afterward we went up the canon. We caught a immature Rivoli Hummingbird in the butterfly net. We also shot an adult male Rivoli Hummer, a Broad-tailed Hummer, two Ridelats, and a female Hepatic Tanagers. Howard took the Tanagers nest and eggs. I saw a California Cuckoo, but could not get it. In the afternoon it rained very hard. June 20. Will and I stayed in camp and skinned birds, and the others went over to Carr Canon. They returned with two Long-tailed Jays, two Red-faced Warblers, two Arizona Junco, three Arizona Woodpeckers, and a Painted Redstart. They found an Arizona Junco's nest with young, in the brushroot of an old dugout. They found a Red-faced Warbler's nest with young and saw other young ones flying around. They also took a set of Western Flycatcher.

and a set of Western Wood Pewee. In the afternoon Will went down the canyon. I took a set of Cassin's Kingbird, and shot both birds. He also shot a Baird's Wren and a Bridled Tit. In the afternoon there were heavy thunder showers. June 21. Will and I stayed in camp skinning birds, and the others went down to the valley. They shot three Shrikes and an Arizona Woodpecker. They also got a set of Hepatic Tanagers and shot both birds. In the afternoon I saw a Cal. Culebra in camp, and after some trouble, shot it. June 22. Will went after the mail today and the rest of us stayed in camp, I to skin birds, and the others to blow eggs. In the afternoon I went up the canyon and shot an Arizona Woodpecker and a Creeper. The creeper was just a little above the first mill, the lowest that I have yet seen any. I saw a few Pigeons at the spring but did not get any. June 23. I stayed in camp, and the others went up the canyon. It was blowing very hard and they returned early in the afternoon. They shot two Long-crested Jays, a Mexican Creeper, two Broad-tail and a female White-eared Hummer, a Pygmy Nuthatch, an Arizona Woodpecker and a Red-faced Warbler. They saw a Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher.

June 24. Howard and myself went up the canion. We collected the set of Rivoli Hummers that I found on the 16th, and shot the female. We saw five Rivoli Hummers, all females except one immature male which is the most we have yet seen in one day. We shot two Bridled Tit's and a Painted Redstart. Rising shot a Canion Towhee, and three Baird Wrens, an adult female and her immature. June 25. Will and Rising went to Fairbanks after supplies. Howard and I stayed in camp and did no collecting, but while after wood, found a nest of Hepatic Tanagers containing young. Also found a nest of Lead-colored Bush-tit, directly in back of the tail and almost touching it. I can't imagine why we have failed to find it. Howard shot a male Tanager and took a set of Chats near the camp. The chats come continually in the camp and eat the shells of any broken eggs we may have thrown away. June 26. We did not do any collecting today, except that in the afternoon we saw a set of Cassini's Kingbirds that Howard had found building and shot the female bird. Also found a nest of Scott's Oriole containing young in a scrubby oak tree. The others returned from Fairbanks with a set of Palmer's Thrasher. They shot three Sealed Quail, two Western Nighthawks, a Canion Towhee, and three Black-throated

Sparrows. In the afternoon we saw a few Goldfinches (Arkansas?) near the camp. In the afternoon it rained very hard. June 27. Howard went up the canon collecting, and the rest of us stayed in camp, skinning birds, etc. Howard found a nest of Virginia Warblers, and one of Poor Will, each containing young. We shot one Broad-tail, and four Black-chinned Hummers, a Painted Redstart, an Olivaceous Flycatcher, and a Virginia's Warbler. June 28. Will and I went to the divide and as far as Miller's Canon on its divide, and returned by way of the Wisconsin Gulch. I found a nest of the Olivaceous Flycatcher, containing young. The nest was in a hole in a small tree, about 15-feet from the ground. It was right next to the trail, where we passed it almost every day, and yet we never even saw the birds. I also found a nest of Criz. Junco containing young, and one containing two incubated eggs. On the divide we saw a good many Grace's Warblers, and shot three, which were apparently breeding. We shot an Olive Warbler which was evidently nesting, but we did not find its nest. We also shot two Criz. Junco, a Blackbird, Vireo, a Song-crested Jay, a Chestnut-backed Pileated, and a Band-tailed Pigeon. The Pigeon we shot was a female with a well developed egg in its ovary. We saw a good many Pigeons

either in pairs; or single birds, probably males, sitting and cooing in the tops of trees. Found several Bluebirds nest containing young. There were a good many Pygmy and Slender-billed Phylloscopus in the pines and a few Creeper. Saw several Buff-breasted Flycatchers, but found no nest. Will found a Core's Flycatcher's nest containing young. The others did not return in the evening, so they probably stayed at Postwicks in Bear Canon, overnight. June 29. Will and I stayed in camp almost all day, skimming birds, and in the afternoon walked down the canon, after an Oriole and a Hummingbird's nest. The Oriole had deserted and the Hummingbird's nest was gone. The others returned in the afternoon after going over about the same ground that we covered yesterday. They brought back an Arizona Junco, Lowa Redstart, two Red-faced Warblers, a Western House Wren, three Mexican Creepers, a Long-eared Jay, a Bluebird, a male Rivoli Hummer, a (3) Hummer, and an adult male Olive Warbler. They collected a set of Core's Flycatchers, found several nests containing incomplete set. They also found Bluebirds, Wrens and Robins' nests containing young. June 30. Will and I stayed in camp, and the others went over to Brown's Canon, and the wash below. They shot five Vermilion

Flyealetus, an Ash-throated Flyealetus, two Bridled Tits, Two Baird's Wrens, a (?) Hummer and a Shore Lark. They took three sets of (?) Hummer, a set of Vermilion Flyealetus and a set of White-marked Raven. July 1. Howard and Rising went up Ramsey Canon. They visited a nest of Cal. Cuckoo, that Howard had found on June 28; when it contained two eggs; as he thought, an incomplete set. Today it contained two young birds. They shot a Redstart, a Western House Wren, a Cuckoo, and an immature Virginia's Warbler. Willard and I walked down the Canon, after skinning what birds we had. We saw a male Scott's Oriole, which I shot at and missed, and a good many Olivaceous Flyealetus. They seem to be coming in here as do the Goldfinches. July 2. In the morning Will went over the cliff to the Swift's nest from which Howard took the set. There were no eggs there, so I took the nest. There were no birds to be obtained so Will shot a Bridled and Dead-colored Tit. The others went up the right-hand Canon and brought back about twenty-five birds among them a male Riooli Hummer. They found a Band-tailed Pigeon's nest with one young bird, and a Cnis Flyealetus and a Plumbeous Vireo, each with young. Will found a Plumbeous

Vireo nest, a short distance down the canyon, containing two pepped egg, a young bird and a Dwarf Cowbird egg. July 3. It rained almost all day, so we stayed in camp and skinned birds July 4. Will and I went over to Bostwick taking his mail with us. On the way over we could easily have killed a deer if we had had rifle with us. Bear Canyon is very steep and narrow and not very good as far as collecting goes. We found a (?) [Hummer's nest just finished and a nest of the Olivaceous Flycatcher, with nothing in it. We saw Slender-billed and Pygmy Nuthatches, Hepatic Tanagers, Red-faced Warblers, Redstarts, Wrens etc. In the evening we heard a Spotted Cuckoo, and saw several Poorwills. When the others were here they saw a number of Creepers but we saw none. July 5. In the morning there were a good many Pigeons flying around the spring. After breakfast we started for the divide. In a deserted shaft, we took a set of three of Western Flycatcher. We went up to the divide, and crossed over into Miller's Canon. Will took a set of Broad-tailed Hummingbirds in a pine tree and caught the old bird on the nest. We shot a Grosbeak, a Red-faced, and a Virginia's Warbler, Painted Redstart, a Band-tailed Pigeon, a Nuttall's Flycatcher, Dripping Woodpecker, Bridled and Lead- colored Tit. Saw a great many Quail and Songbirds in flocks, and I saw a nuttatch in some oaks at the mouth of

Miller Canon. Rising took a set of Scott's Oriole with the male bird. Howard took a set of Plumbeous Vireo, but did not get the birds July 6. Will and I stayed in camp skimming birds and the others went up to the divide collecting. They took one set of Bluebirds and two of Cora's Flycatcher. They shot a male Rivoli Hummer, a Bluebird, two Cora's Flycatchers, and a number of other birds. July 7. Rising was the only one to go collecting. He got a set of (8) Hummer, and shot a Rivoli Hummer, some young Virginia Warblers and some other birds. July 8. Rising went to the post after the mail and the rest of us stayed in camp. We sold wagon, horses and harness to York at the mouth of the canyon, for $100. Rising shot two Dwarf Cowbirds, a Black-throated Sparrow, a male Vermilion Flycatcher, a Nutting's Flycatcher, and a male Texas Woodpecker. July 9. In the morning Rising and Howard went after a Scott's Oriole's nest that Rising had found. After that Will and Howard went over to Cars Canyon. They took a set of Rivoli Hummingbird and a set of Broad-tail Hummingbird, getting the female with each set. They found a Pigeon nest containing one young one, and a Cora's Flycatcher's nest containing young.

July 10. In the morning Will went to the Fort, Rising went up the canon, and Holstead and myself down the canon. In the large oaks and sycamores at the mouth of the canon, we saw a number of Nighthawks and shot four. They were all in the trees sitting lengthwise of the limbs. We saw several Dwarf Cowbirds and I got two males. I also shot a Pigeon out of a flock of about twenty that were feeding on the acorns; a Bridled Tit and a Nutting's Flycatcher. Rising shot a male Ruby-throated Hummer, a Virgina Warbler, two Olivaceous Flycatchers, and some other birds. The Dwarf Cowbirds are exceedingly wild. July 11. After skinning what birds were brought in yesterday, Will and I walked down the canon, but the others went over to Miller's Canon. We saw two pairs of Dwarf Cowbirds but they were very wild and we could not get within 200 yards of them, as they were in an open field. We shot a lead-colored Tit and a Nighthawk. The others brought back a Band-tailed Pigeon, two Arizona Woodpeckers, two Baird's Wrens, two Ash-throated Flycatchers, two Cane's Flycatchers, an Hepatic Tanager, a Scott's Oriole, a Painted Redstart, and a Bridled Tit. They saw a good many Pigeons.

July 12. In the morning the photographer from the Fort came up the cañon, and took a picture of the camp. We then walked up the cañon, and he took a picture of Howard going over the cliff where the Swiftnest was and a picture of the box cañon. In the afternoon it rained very hard. July 13. We went down to the mouth of the cañon. Saw a number of Quit catchers, in some scrub oak trees, but the brush was so thick that I could neither identify nor shoot them. Labat's Nutting's Flycatcher, and two Bridled Tits. Saw two pairs of Scott's Oriole, only one Pigeon, a good many Bridled Tit, some Hooded Oriole, and some Cal. and Quiz. Woodpeckers. The others went up to the divide. Will saw six deer and fired eight shots at them but did not get any. Howard and Rising went on to Bear Cañon. They saw a number of warblers in the trees of the pines, and shot three adult and four immature Grace's Warblers, two adult and one immature Olive Warbler, a Virginia Warbler, a Rivoli and an Allen's Hummingbird, and a few other birds. They collected two sets of Cowes and one of Western Flycatcher, and a set of 5 pured Towhee. When Will was on the divide two Golden Eagles flew within fifty feet of him. July 14. In the morning we skinned the birds that were brought in yesterday. It was very cloudy all day and rained some, in

the afternoon. Howard and Rising went over to Troubles to spend the night, intending to start after some Olive Warblers early in the morning. In the night it rained very hard. July 15. Will and I went up Ramsey Canon after a Cone's Flycatcher's nest. When we had nearly reached the divide it began to rain, and we sat on the lee side of a large Pine, for about an hour and a half, getting soaking wet. We got the set of Flycatchers but could not get the bird. We went along the divide until we reached the right-hand Canon, which we followed down. We shot an immature Grace's, and an Olive Warbler, a male Rivoli Hummingbird, an Olivaceous Flycatcher, and two Scott's Orioles. We saw a deer on the divide about 350 yard away but could not get a shot at it. The others got a male Rivoli and a Rufous Hummer, three Cone's Flycatchers, two Mexican Cerepes, a Virginia Warbler, two Lead-colored Tits, two Olivaceous Flycatchers, and a Red-faced Warbler. They found a Band-tailed Pigeon's nest with one egg. in a small pine about twelve feet from the ground; and a set of Western Robins. July 16. Will and I stayed in camp to skin birds while the others went up the canon to collect a set of Buff-breasted Flycatcher. They secured the nest with three eggs, and shot both older birds. The nest egg situated was at the end of a pine limb, about

fifteen feet from the trunk and twenty-five from the ground. They shot a Redstart, a Bridled Tit and a Bouvard's Sparrow. They then went down the canon, and shot a [illegible] Gnatcatcher, a Baird's Wren, and a Scott's Oriole and took a set of Spurred Towhee. July 17. Will and I went down to the mouth of the canon, and the others went over to Care Canon. We shot a Nutting's Flycatcher, a Scott's Oriole, and an Olivaceous Flycatcher. The others shot four Olivaceous Flycatchers, one Painted Redstart, two Bridled Chickadees, and a pair of Hepatica Tanagers. In the afternoon Will went up to a nest of the Sulphur-bellied Flycatchers, that he had found near the camp. He got a set of three eggs, and shot both birds. The nest was in a hole in a dead sycamore limb about 30 feet from the ground. The nest was composed almost entirely of the stems of maple leaves, and was entirely without lining. July 18. Today we stayed in camp packing up, as we leave tomorrow. Howard went down to the valley after some cactus. July 19. We finished packing in the morning, and York came for us about noon. We drove over to the Fort where we saw Boaltwick. The photographs were not yet finished, but we got the plate of the camp. We then drove on to

Hwachura Siding. We had been misinformed as to the fare, and Will went back to the fort as we had not enough money, and will wait there for more. Stayed at the station all night. July 20. Took the train in morning, for Benson. Took the S.P. at Benson in the afternoon. Reached Tucson in the evening, and at midnight the train was stopped, by a washout, between Tucson and Yuma. July 21. Train stopped until late in the afternoon, when we were transferred to another train on the other side of the washout. Reached Yuma about 7 o'clock in the evening. July 22. Reached Los Angeles at 5 o'clock in the morning.