Kainantu-Arau 134 Monday, October 5. Left Purosa collections with the ADO for forwarding to Lae by the government charter plane tomorrow, bought a few items of stores at McBeth's general store and Tudor's trade store, and left Kainantu for the Karanka area at 9:45 a.m. At Kainantu saw Zigas, who gave me copies of three of his papers on Kuru. I suggested that in the present activity in investigating ectoparasites of mammals and birds as possible vectors of the disease, the sandflies which infest the forests (of the Purosa area, at least) be examined. Called in at Aiyura Agricultural Experiment Station to see Schindler (director) and Barrett (entomologist). Aiyura 6 miles from Kainantu. Mainly a coffee experiment station. Still some cinchona of special strains being grown although the demand for the bark in Australia ceased some years ago (the totaquin made from it apparently was crude stuff, hard on the patients). A new enterprise is the growing of pyrethrum as a second-string crop to coffee on the Highlands. An impressive lot of buildings, but the offices we saw were not very tidy, and the red dirt of these hills was ground into the floors. Left the main road to Lae at Omaura, where there is a SDA mission. The branch road to Karanka runs right through the mission establishment; Mrs. Doble of the mission gave us directions. Considerable amount of fragmented original forest here is dominated by Castanopsis and oaks. An occasional Araucaria. Lateritic soil. The usual goats which the "Seven days" have at their missions. Following a very hilly and in parts newly stoned road east from Omaura we crossed the Wanton River at 4700 ft. (uncorrected) and came to Arau resthouse 24 miles from Kainantu and 5000 ft. above sea level. Good resthouse, but boy's house poor, and the situation too open for long term comfort. Continued on road and in c. 1/2 mile came to a new coffee plantation with attractive, well constructed buildings and colorful gardens. Found we were at W.H. Larner's Karanka Plantation. Were invited in for coffee and sandwiches and offered a spare house to base in. About a mile before we reached Arau, the towing yoke of our trailer broke and we left the trailer on the road in charge of one of the boys while we went on to find a place to camp. After coffee (home grown and very good), Wally Larner drove us on to Karanka airstrip, about 1 1/2 miles N and at 150 ft. lower altitude. This locality much disturbed by coffee planting and natives. Therefore glad to accept the offer of the Larner house. John arrived with the broken trailer in two and its load in the Land Rover and we were settled in before the start of long, heavy rain from a thunderstorm. Dined with the Laerner's. Mrs. (Muriel) L. a daughter of McGowan, an architect who used to be Director of Works in Rabaul. She was formerly a draughts-woman in the geological survey office of APC in Port Moresby; draws and paints. Wally was some sort of field man with APC and has travelled extensively in the Papuan interior on oil exploration. Tuesday, October 6. Overcast for the most part; a smaller thunderstorm in the afternoon. Botanized down to the Wanton River, which forms the western boundary of the plantation, and was running muddy after the rain. Boys carried me across and we botanized downstream a few hundred yards on the narrow river flats. Primary Castanopsis-oak forest with an admixture of rain forest canopy trees and many